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NOTIX: r oher eu ~ermnt ra~~p aeeS 

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SUMMARY TEcHNIC.I. REPORT OF DIVISION I. NDRC 

VOLUME I 

HYPERVELOCITY GUNS 

AND THE CONTROL 

OF GUN EROSION 

OFFICE OF .(CIENTIFIC K.%E.\KCH .%\b DEvELOPMENT 

'%NN.\Ak BSP., DIRECTOU * * 

NATIONAL DEFENSE RESE.ARC:H COMMITTEE 

JAMr. a. ec X~N r. C:M RII 

DIVISION I 

W.\SHIN'G'i*ON. D.C.. 1946 

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Jfris.4nn C. 1 9mw.. I.r Chv leirmom 

Rewrr A461imm. Arm,~tu itPitwtativs' 

Fnttk it. J4.'lrtt - Navy flstp'mwi'mIftO~v 

Karl T. Cisuiplem 4,04mgaag.4Wwr to( I'ea~tus' 

twin ? 4 4a'wfe. Xojruuifrwt"*n~ 

%1&1 (mut . C. 4 idli.. heir, 4f F. A~. R ci c..w sm, 0 It. A. *Ambo 

C'4. L A. Rt..ahu Oevr It. Ov*. eel"gw W. 0mm 

X'iTE.'.4 ().V MEI ODWLIXIZ.Ifo OilSF XDRc 

1 4.bwfro,. .4 th M %msm-*mt i4-14 eN 11 nttilim lsmntww h.eiuudI4.uq~tw~~ma" 

*fidmotarI w l~wmw.mm- -~ he iflumormalev... 4 umegg aEtdmew.7gwk intew.wm 

t.Wqher " ith m"WOvml (zdfa.Irm* I.. m". rin 4t I W. jm Ni~ a bls". The NDIWt amrh W - OW ISvws a e -itwm 

OW~ Pw'ftu. PWl (21 1,. iminunm~iee tOe tw~m" anal w *lfwV vmmyt.h Iiwi.4kkl TeSa .pm 

1 m4 in itiain I vu I4 tw"..j.i..m "Pw,qw4 t... thip Ann or 

till %mv V. , Ow m~ "W.4. (now an &ailI wweV"mvwmw ten. ,',,2IIVI 4 .qt m Czl- 

-WPMwaIvativi, " a f".1.h .4 toew rig we 

EI.m -WhaweA~a On!fdtU 

N q 4 w f p-u o l. r f ra Y W . Ie Dvr i -4 0.I I n a f t ( e C ..l . I mla B M~ ptr 

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.amm.,ra~ Iy .w . Iw..d te NI tll tU9uIrea 1l. gim.m.. Ifi-4 1,m a. amlCm 

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Best Av% :Je Copy.

NI11C FOREIWORD) 

eon railler. whie4i it 

-VATlt 40V Tier : ilt: its! gme-'ling 1919) trWAeil in e'ww=4 tsM sethe infooer~neeiseg 

entire-' mid nieerc cIaek-are lee- weri-metimo'. III Ils 1w' 'e ele''el'i-tm l iltte'me-4 used 11e1n-t1e $if i%'% Iiw 6 'rkwa-'e'd 

eqe-lel -It eji e en mulln. ~attII IIie.e"ltT.I~ too IN- ,nsidelee. fix, n"-ware- tin lt -eei..,fw'c' WarUm~I Iits 

toEn flaimW tle- tunlj-ctwelf e nizimeg e'ei lti~le n-,.-r leeW l;Irglo'l 11.1-eiie',l .4111 ill 41( 9F',ee'vl ilite-ty-t too 

^Tiqti in a seatiommeal 6e'nle'ro-t'V bweeeneneyi. m rm',e4w-t-e Kreete. '.%I a riunwew-felenr. ties- n-lipen el 

Whiel- theV tnztl.-Itoe lte' WhI.ti. lifee-aeeWe-n-give'nt cumr- iDiviliwste 6~ 6c (.wono aluasmots 0111in-y in it'. Slimmua 

a nwwýr 

fidan.'vn" eit~I tele1e4el~z evIrot lte- Na- re-tete1ir.41 I te';'r.eu %whirl OW'. te) IA1'?r 20) viaetnwer. 

ltsmja! Iiicnwe Ifr"eean'h Ceomeetusmtc iNDI)R wa,,*w T rme'e-sten eel she eisewk of a de-loitor .e . oi tes ih e-r, F 

(twine wI-eet lie' Otore- ee tme 1'-. ll--e 111e lee ie joillgo-11 ,-elv b is'ti- tmlooleix-'4 volf ill deetti" I-v~pleJ 

miamn'.-r.el 111141.1114' nw-ile-re- e N )I( X a;'i'..seeieeI teo it intsw 11. 'mminry Ttmehnis'Iri Iteiweel elf NiDIW: 

mis t-e P~rroeekno. wt-h- ills# nee-te-l fte ~e~peeIen Itin nuise'on nmI in-tke-n 4e itse- ineoenegraiptoei atol-vail- 

;wek eof tlle- Arm n :el d tme \;%% y is fthe- el-I-IeonwIe nelue' -'eeI.ptle loil-ImeI -4 %-whi'te 

eof tde- i~t~ninit-ee;:litio-eeeid ecPe'. A yt-ie- leti-r. tlew lele t- s 

"t%-tie wisJ~eft if t1w I )time. el 'elis'Ie''~t:nl 

1eeelcweet Q II)I. N1i)if Iomosc'ooee tow eti is*. 

IDivi-icen 1. eimnelr time' Ie-:aeh-rciip eol' ite- (U4.- 1. 1IL 

Aellanl, 4411ie 4taeliw ts', Im t m i-erat III trr.- lis ill tWe fide-l 

eel hyi.-rve'Iewily ~igim litp, retainl tve'peelootieitY wuo' tl 

tliflggs 

etwiy tW0yoe. ,-dereef join prMeasma andI 1le- mrie-ve .11tat. 

Tlie 'meimmarv Tec-heej-al Itclo'-rt elf NIDl(' i's is 

cet'llm-im-nt1 et.el'44fietemIert lo t eelm N4 \D)tt( ee-etetmari1 

toi-eef 11".- e-.ee1nrnet p-ep-Unt ill emeit fleut tnimtlA 

r-eeilil lee- fl'.sd fw Imeelenengcitg tiw lift- -of ilen. tirinig 

it nip.: ,e a~leaatc it'. weerk ejitel ite lon-wtns it in a oieu-fild tnes tit-fts elt - lkm~ixegmei thani I lm' 1)t nr maimantiel 

p-insatm-it Ieee-e. It e-m~re.wun'e. ve'll -4- monesu sif 3.011) fec-pIsomr cesel.re 

ewere&.-wuttr~upeeirI-e-entceleI-N L)LIA *f'le ""iwt rumimsEl Ills th4 ivi-eieen ille-vt leepel 'evetu 

T1wItinnimenar- T-eivhni~l lb-pewste ef emwh Divivisoneet 

le-aew. eeer ('ewne'nstte iiia :e nite-a'ai .. rve'i elf ime- weeri 

eel' thut icrietig. 11m liene Vee11e1". elf e-e-tEtmth ' t''lleeel 

"ocetairsoci momrmury el time n~otvee. ,'minit 11w, lImlpte 

fioennt feee iwpn'lmnt'wteet dl tinmgiee mUmeye im' luteen 

'egitmelele feer sellsa. ieee1"" eefiaei' mute-riAr Ste'1te.. (me 

elf1 time'- Ieiiew'.. Wimeit nppikteeli te aliu' .50 tflhtehitll 

Intel learn-lw u a' Aser ' IteI w'-e-h lijtle' jni'rvace'e their 

h-ni' pn--wet-nte'el :emw ishplileereetiby eialfattakslegc the'm. 

amsel '..mnmae-iziotictime- e',eet'.eftw --- r-.dv'e 

crement. anei traininigat lit ivi', eeetei-e ~tik'. Sooener veeltame', 

may IV- ",,tace Ulf tOWe ael- Il-116-at,, m-eve'ring 

ewelejrt'. tet whiet-i vance,.'. n-e'4'-arls envi~relt leavi- runlife- 

woe'r'nl feefeol ettwl-r u-'.-re eweietIeee-Peie'oi-inIy 

wlm'n time- lee err mirft-aw alne'ail elf times- liner wase'. xsm 

im la'l.-tim sie, wartrurw tooi ue'repel. an e1;ee-rintra. 

tal 1.1-mon mien (tite lisp' at a metiaxle' vui-de-ity alf at 

henect COXNI file) wee'. Ininotu eiv'iewl anol further 

trihilttq infeeeilatitm. I Iiw-ree meay e-emeetaie cite-iriptifte'.elf 

111-64" &leVe'ieeiie'e il114 ti lme . ia'e-aeii-i'. A mm~te'r 

ineh'c elf all itmheee eiviijseoeed irteew. tlel reetyetitir te1' 

weee-c ePon it wa'. teimm'e cevet' te lmth Aml!y. while- the 

'Navey ace' eleir itee take' seier tile' pln'. few the' faleeift- 

141 l a nIcel leele4-1tetn Hiewer fPer it'. tw-w .3-inch 70. 

e-peel'.. vithich tegt-iw't' e-et-tmitltt tin- 'elimurt endileer wintf. 

Teieeeth I ie'ee eel~h 

atr ~vtoltome. 1 St ale.,o 

uli.I'eeelieeeleee I M.P 

Inelee oret inolix elft a rie're- 

11'm- Siw'$etminery e'14-hnindR-i twpeel elf Divi~iien 1, 

lerelitmel' etutir tder' elim"c-tn eld time Iivieeitj (ief, 

Piene n-fete-ne' isnatrrial. 

Seenwe e4 tiw' il(-~eeeeee meew':rrlw-e wtilewh 

lhiii' uteet. aotel a e-umpe-w'wns-ite' mvieew elf the I-tato 

e4 Own-ar. Itu~,mv eIeelnLaate'tiieelioial 4, 

tee thr- nierel 

lIeZA lee'n ci elue-iie-el!I lls. 1t1w e-imef 4 11113 '%-rm l ai ve.er-'ei~eee time11. 4 l 1 me'IN,eeweete 

e401wt-tiet' t'.eteelar ilte're'. tha~t it bmee eteid ele-irtlele' - 

elf tile' Divi'.icen, 

iee-e'eietrileeeitieee itee time war 'tteet al itIthy wee of 

Ole- eerie'- ee raeda~r feyDi )i',,aeli i I laee to Ilie' m-mn' l 1rl)is 

l'and, ivr ~IIe *- t methaerLi ,li tee-i- II Owm e ie twait ý el le- O)fflnr of Neieecgfir Rroe-.crh #told Ine t- e~'.woo 

S.e:teiin t lee'-eaiiei,:ry Trle-lcvael Iie-flerwt elf Nl)lt('. 

I w*. Illeeiegape,ttqfe unat, icecteec taete e.11e1-t eellts' ,'Eee- 

11. ii.('u.x. (ituirmun 

eet lm-e4- -vteef oet N ltlI( fl"-e-:Iie. .Vecliceece AA nor Ict, Wi Peorch~ Cuncemgiley

A io whiA7 .s %:in 

FOREWORD 

drd1MWon 4at ria prof" 

"kaling aunsavr1.tid.,. (non ."ilmi' aaislokio,, in.titn- 'Init.n-aug.. a4 tIN..'.' .'auato ar'..tviteffin in thi.. %ial. 

tioniat. *nal In*a, rean~uami~aI a41aonilt~tilifti with Oldemn. neara. to nuati lie. q-wa tloat the su'rviatpifelln.t~trorI ala' 

p. ent ew'.mrw'h anal enKina'.'ving alianaa,, iork iasaid* v4 Into kindls: FV~...the tollsimaa ota alvneor 

t..ga'theri" sa .'ait( 6 a orlis..4a- intra'n..im gsjo- la ip, . mm~.iaa is d Kiln crow' a 1Wa fii ar nuittaO .4 evintgalmaaa4e 

a,'ttain tn tsnaiowr a vait-t is( iaataw'~tiaag letting it: ~atial "aaaimal. tier ak'vab.i-risqt awal ta'wfieal 

(Wive. anal pii.-nlhaatitoA~a. Ini the vteyu- Is( N lonoaaal a..- .OF oficalla- atrtno, iwub (w fihd, .ua 44~ tiahr k V~ow 

%ign a me. Reka that ,4 Divi-ioaa 1. Xltlt(. invoilving A1E Priefla&'wo. Ave.a la'-jWal~ar ft tbd t 'Mait invorition 

it W'fthiU'i do( Fa-Ith iwa rhortn~i.fr ,. lie dr wo, lhar:111 . t"*". tlu" ut' a 0fala:ina'a a iwoIaha' amgedirwcinet in 

anathema-ti.'.. Anda itgia~ng 6 aw.$ainfltl .la'r~a. ddaamarhrwa viln lxarnlm the "MIi,i rwhc wlaa motn. 

lira four the new. kaanvIlrdlgr fta lor rentmol..iebaqa-a in th.' vinvollaa'.l On-tv f liveici' unal piw'grav wooas eWnvaf 

fiemu is( Of # 4 Aantrnary Tre-I-nvioal Ittivourl. a-. %mv-W&a lav bletiol 

6*4tt). foow ihe- wutedfit .4 Ilow.. wine in tloa* fulaian Too all fiw....' do-h.. noIll..wurta'.I our 0tlariw, aiokld 

IVAv wiAa t.o Ismerini (sariho. loruiw pirlonia'aa lu vtfat ~, is shi.. unoltl-rltakitivL 4hw Divi... Clairdf a.. alqAwYu aattarkM-a. 

.%ltla...gh f#1w finfinara.o, . I~ijri..i.. I art' ak'haa': ttw cerietaa ' entitclem'w wi, W nis e~ In. tP 

rdwar-n't in pa-at tla-tail IA. a wricsW .4 144 foon~ul n.- Vqler avrtaIv anal harisnius~addlir 'it the rornluarte 

to varitos,- wailajg'at. in adlelatasan tao nosuvew aawe. ronaaw: floo lDiiv..aag aeaff Ouaav~lor"a who vv'tinIriann 

u'uw,s-'t 0..a..affi -Im tat' 2~ ?fw lifft-anvt coon.. 6 Iu-aa loutioi-ndtv annl tffa'-tit#'ly a %aawmy to# diffiu'uilt 

Itaa'tond. it wno tlkviqwIaa lDI Y i-oioea I thaat it. 4W. 1 *ma 40t~ : RINI t1W ta-rlusiaal n'n'.-rtsrw. .4ner lfiii 

foaa' Ta'a'laaniermlIteraieri .4sk.il for avowtl' t ~a~~ ow tiw 6.6 & aw ( anneatltsum .1W,, who gpr of sowna eupWm 

a a-.alitiritio ou eq rionslornt-ot,..a o( ,o-tusuiaia a w iiiw . &I. and yalaule, ativire. It 6 0 Plrfaa.I abty to I I at 

Insismd. am 6 lorrntgstbic.. ;n thr, I'elifga', roniaa'a it a"p. 'he ata-.* .4 griffttattfi that DIrissiasm 1 "m too 

al1am-ala. ..~*~,j-fillY 8li160ag0 lripa'fl. wjilth Ie. aeula- 3harm indi"I.t..aosa in the Neary Ilorpialvt -I~ and the 

iawi. not ar-at an~Iti th rvnwgrnl is( gism mouiviv War Dravertan.-nt. acting letornsoll or itfamnaily in a 

in PI'latitif In. UaWL '11 the I)i~i..d6w,. It 1.. inta-MWaaa religio a'atmritV. Sith m.U .Oil WaM 11m~adft and 

'hat by the ..a1a'wvam .4 "ONOl. aonal aaartion-liam.. add mishadp .lstly ýn.,tact was tratntatedol lit the Yas-vr 

%Al asd 1wf t:- .wwge1aNati4,' .0Itaait. the lta'paart ab..ab41l Iliea'at .4o (I tnana-a-. amnemg nihawa.. ('aptai (. L 

tell a aaoafar- .4 an intawrotivil aiklaaasiniu in 'w-miatur~h J . hir. CIono.vati inaau det R A. 

Cullaahoatatwas. Jmtalltno Air. C. It. Circa. assal f...vv fly Lie,. 

In (fomneaatfing ther :uvimn anad ina .AtIP.'gn~jj~th fladIr"N (11aa..aaannakrt It. MI).Mil,. Jr.; inthe .tmy (InSwoark 

o( the voan..,., gronelv. it wais ola-anw.. a'emt'ial noat Detitinirtr nt NMajdr It. A. l'J16.a.s Mr. ff. E. 

that a wNa-rdounikanalaP itr oo4 invta-4'gatiamw. iiaa-ta... Anob'aime. NMr. NI. C. Nliikav. Mr. C. I'. Sraetwoo. and 

ing t'f'.a'afth asd waell aso ala-ta-l.invenit snal tr-ting. lop O. 1,aall Mr. S. Vt-ltmadn; at .Uww'.lean Pruving 

xel up. It was fi-t tlint a-ean in %art itind (oflanaLiagn. :n,.tiagl M~r. It. I1. Ke~ant; anal at W~ate-rtonw .Animal. 

feel pa--ar-an- 6. a'wwnti~l rnt a,-.', jiwr'va-. NAP mitaall D~r. 11. :1. Ko-eing. .. i.na call. withosart the wa''an 

purl t .4wII~-?nati-e mv-.s- lDiv,,isn I isit * ILa-wa at. wil anal aaaf~ailing ;antioaira, it( ('..loon4 S& R. Rita-hie. 

taineri in a "Iaa an~tlarinam (rt-h sale... anal aaaa,l4 Iwo.- Ismoew. a..ahl Nuaira Isa-nraah ondaE aliffirath. 

m*~htaa-a' %.,to haratilt* a n'-aaIl co~ilw it,.k e Nlfll(tC Slo t v ,Ist ii ,. aloiw Dr. J. 24.114iafirde. the l'Alitaworo 

I. .I r-.4-ira-h. In nr,"fi-irdtiti wail, 1i... fix'cd Ietolia- thaid %'a11,,,,ae. Ilii' d4ikIl in :arranging lAi the on'wtarv 

14 that a.,.-,'s the GI9% f..'a'nnaan vitih nf a-n-na-a ta. iwun ot alaaaaa a4 the jovint a-fisrt.. 4 a tarp. group adf 

11W. hownilifletg .4 .1mtrarta.. iwartirIaL-ar a-aui wip. a-tar- am 'Mors i,. ainatala-alv only Irv Woo. .'nrwr anafrtlianthuari-,m) 

in Ilhitioiar. I n.t# too have' (4ava-ornicrnt coffttdal.. a-nad in arnminx tlw aaaaala'raking therawagh to the enaL. 

,.*I..Iiatllt uhtair -a-s i.' sal-,. thow 4i.,. 4 tlwr %killaW 

-tit-.in it --. + talr-m-ah gimaagim. Itatlaa't.It 

did-. i~v~IC 1.. irl. i,'l a- fied.- v an-r ins a-ItfoorngI. 

01.., 1111krin'"1, a .r 16%ra-v " tier' 111111aa1.4 (rra--~n" 14 2c'- (11f.Iivi-iofa I 

WS

0 a nn n nava*nmft uswa1b lasiuarms4l thp mnrvnm- time Tirmvni-uf II.lwt, Allimm 4d NOWC. 'Tbsm 

Ictii-r by IDivisima 1. \ DR(. .tif. lw umm.rhanmgin rins..ifaeol ngmorto. in ulmirbin it.psnmmirel the es-mewmtial 

41fpu 4-rosilval.w :1141.4 ofim11nm.s .4 :lttfilmiill loiam-Iforl.. igifiornul~itHln Wiii~ll Ily~ lDtivi',q I 444tt1U.1ii5o. h~ave 

hrv nvt- 11wtheli,. 4111mtetaiiim .4 it% arimnisms 141.8mr0. In4.., 41"ietelviiin a nouimler at4 A4nic lilimormie and 

\A4 41Vt f I I.n N-m Orv1w ,nw major laI rn~etx nutm.b up mf 4.4Clvi, s .4 off e ztiv areaailulili' all mictmfilmsw. ilcausse 

imtrqaiI.mmi.Immjqto. fall alms Iwmen wriv many am( lack off fmalta awal jwr-sn.neul dlmmmmug thow finail ..a& 

anflowto that "wimp eveinmmm fta two, air rowm on the off lw,~.~~at.AIfliin .a.4tf SllR). it SaoSlid jppomn~lolvto 

nwjww imimjwtw. Thin onlmtttiotm hap. lniw, n-f~t-or in hsay. all theiw mpatot mantnronprfm. rimtmomt thme 

the lD~i,.amnmm. Amnhmnary Trciinivanil putrtot. puranmvu..p at file' tuwignning off thei INiAmliqnmpby 

T1me nrturt wa ,'lil4smmm .l to a lanjital e, opimt itin .4o reowm.-nmiigmx thir availaltility. In minorm innfurceve -alpthe 

.liffcn-ni dswt .4 th main prmoimlent ilsnomttel by ;mlernrlatasT details sani as ,limeni~mn drulkinj;f Of 

jtustitle-flIlu-mo ail m ;ill- aund On t oul~~mnol,4off (;flldatitiotomal vxNfrtimental clata. mar ',c found in the 

Frsptn m.- fit relating thme fillal P.114mti0 .4 11M. ifivristili. nifmtdlmlpriqn~ .atpont. fan the :.,erim mepxmts from 

Sianm. not attenli,,:m Ita loven finial too timl- nai* in ,lwhic ruttrartooro. If Pit. a~~jmt*n-fetnc in mail@ in 

tloor pnuncm ha Iutt xit imjainsatj for Immims4x on, u. time foormal nlhumrt fr~mreiroXmj the loorstiueon tdhe 

om~ignoi to, diffen-te rismmrrmetowis. for patch Ifivii.4mnt Ilete fill.4 tffII~me,.' rpini. 

viWY us.'fiml only ,l:.nmmx tOn admini-Omiotr som as4 tilia lEcr imimietant tIsqic 4nvmre l fir the IDivinioai I 

pmwmm. Instead. chaipterv,.. ha i inch ere tmlit too (formal o-pjoirt? i:, mnimtoifacl in tIme STII (nith a ieferthase 

smaliject.. mm.ti.Ivn'd lta Its .4f prmuwii inflatortance. 

Thust. t1111 m.'pWt in U mmnifli'l 41111' ilm-r than 

44M. tooO tom pprumliw te report 1. poo thsat it in a key to 

tlwerntir woonk iii Dhipi..as I anti itsnatmrrmctorn. Liewgm~y 

an moanwmllap- ad moscra~ta. thoitnicrtio. isateve 4 tlme ilaiac thl~mimtavuw f the STR onthis 

At the namew time-, it is rralix-od that tw-4mme ~a av. lantl so4 Divisiini I n-porto. it hap mat meerdn oieot 

Tchnical Ilep~mrt is intenthil tsm Ise emosisaml trd a purn tis# usa. qa:mmntionoo iarlin in tltane roves. wherv 

M(Cwnci %#Wmk. Ois well an t 10 IW . l in itsl entiretv. sefInatep lharp' Ifec lifted Imxiall for whole soections* 

Hncme an attempmt has Ixnc nmdie t mhave each rhap.. losafre licexm~mlulmatc.L cirnmlierzi when the author 

ter nrarly nn indelimndent moit. Fair thain reapun tlmer' off a flmaplet (a4 the STH first also atithitr .4 the report 

in inflow thoplicvmtiiii .4 nmateriaml. pinem' inmca..iamnlly it son which it -usp linsimi. Ft'n when thi. is not thhas 

loven dlesirble ftm comnm.iala-r tlme sname pitolmjc frmi fruse, it is h~mpe.I that citation off thep itiginal reptort 

mum. than .me point ff view. Fn~tount ctrown refer, mill smolk'. too give pnqwr artlit top its auithor. 

encrat to twher jnrtn off tlme v~o1.mnmi hmae Iflvor pimeh m 114W ohr ANO"fafi'fr the Ki4TI aM 116o listed in the 

dmmplienti~on tom a minimum. ltihli..rpapl tmanler appropriate headfings that indi. 

1he entire relvirt uai pIUMMed in UCaIkNee and time MIt. the 4mrgnuztitlm isipting ti14e Mtipr ll'.I them 

topic, to) lie ineiludeml in eatch chtapter were plo-iwcifol. rep.nsam.' cre ferred too .'.wcifically in I mW text Of 

Tlme f-der .4( treaitment of thimee ltimpiem ,,ifa tix. em- wrtl. meruept fer ltriti4m rtpicots' that soommmariw the 

rAtaf.iao to lie placel son each. lmtmwere. tispummly were' winok of Divisi~sm 1. 

irft fto the naithosrs. Wiw-n a tomple am.Inmmel ltm ton Tihe rrinimm." filijectivse mmiglot in the pureprutiumti 

chaptier wan very emclmmeI Hated too time .mlmjcctv fmat- os(f lme 'TII loan lie" tlm..integytioin as( 1w knunledWga 

tiC off another, time N m..ie m~mmprimt. IJlirv wal. 904t lpiaine IT Di-6i.. I in Ritf 'iaul invnstigaptiua. ouf 

alvayo upplmnnt timnfl inith dmhmpttrms load lie" v~ital 

ten. In -4mvm ca.'e -4c t in ~i.r. o nitim tloor :mmmtlmi.& ;r. 

men.4 

treaglir 

anal htYjw-rismwity. in ,mrmlar fto ,riemmt the 

,Ith ri-taet tim tIme v-mrk le"criled:4 in the 

mi-iam. mined1 materi~al Irimun --mim rlmaimtcr tim aimmtlmer. f.n-m~al nIivirlp fim tme It- I ivisinmo. (lipter litti mat Cn 

Om featuire I Imat 6s 111tno imm~rhaplen-l many ip1saIl~t si6am-nWit:mmt imuttitmai in an espem-iin Arit king 

time fis-t pi-mtitim n-)t imumiY sarvi' tim imtrmmmalimc :a niew vtxmnmtle .4( ImN. fratiomm. It jm-cimmtni u'e,.mlt, fnrmm' 

,miloject Imt~t: al.m fivr-mi-I..*' ao re, C .4 tn im lmgter. p mumm v. oe a~ml -ls%.-If#mws aoll .4 tlimem fit itatil a 

1tv he ief irm in:. mteriam I .w Hir t De i%-ii(i* I StTU ýii-immgk' lgrimnmm of( i~metov ip~t ion. Ftmrt hi-rmo mp the 

ctmai.Wi . l iftme-tI 1 f3 b,rm; utmi.-its. Iktil. iii thIe first lin-amrm tiim ,, -.W tfme K4TH 1 linsgiven .i~~tuiyflor 

Irait #.( tIlm ltihiti.VgmpmIt, %%inmli %%4n- prtImmla foso 0. u.l.wt. .1W 6i-it .1s Owa G.A.it.~ic~ mm,-asto inmomi 

t 

i...mnner in rminw-turalm~ li. If. rnmim f.,r Iif-.( D ji-ioam Io~v L 1m 4AI.n.Xmd' 

imim?, 4biK J0o, iii. 

AANIWW 

coN~ri~vri %

varl T4 -lontru' Itilmoto of elt(* NI.. týn effiortIheo te ii-Ler at ko.it e. Stiff- Slier .I.'lnt%69 h2%r.to.intimate 

ther nrin h. lt il asf is'wiek. a rm weee. W Sle'a Iltirsoha- kgaiooIilla- 44 Lwiir -4ibk.'l maite. 11w.ertf-.v#h 

tjmJr~issr it hdieI ii.-aisnw tei t.ol' With ' rissl. tor Int aelli seew, t"e% e %%Iu II t I he i't lt'v .- ipi 1 ta fo 

Solsm bteiom with therti. ',71ww i. . te wein- thr. 4t 'haief (4411111-1 mWdWk Ilse 4Fm.. fll 7711111e~e 

mewTwhne'l le'jurte . M21( u e'ffe1ert l Va..1wl1k'.I elors slim eesit'n orinfi 'dv ha.. witimatuev ap s 

twy mwe&' tee Army. Navy,~ir and.. t sivs...le rt rl.:.p. Ili1 LaeeInl,'l~e I Iio %I~j't ' .n14 d ~ait'r. floSw *&Ite rey- 

kew apin-ew lusi ..a stonnum 4 eanw rrow'tesfOo ate.i esalv, .~ete'w'u~t..~efe 1111,.e 

.Albauv~e.4tit r.itl'em2. %1. T riwn 21. :n- wiirnhl t a 

PaI~lte 

41fthe a W i~ll. 11.'.. t 14 n.'e le itw omur. (1 : it(i 

W. Sle..e Brisfvnrt Nainal,,w,'.i ow'wt bm..4vfi. ATIt 

Af-gie.I . -.... ... ... mak ... h ..... te ... u'w ... r 

brm dtm ni .' .nr.oirloto X in. avhIswe !!h. I'we W the. o e lie It ie 1. K e ir..t Terlil" S Alew' Dkiii~t~.tat 1 e.7Sha 

l.at zW isonlr 't iu I t Ilse~e I~pbe'we. Iolao v (lui.'.Ii DI in. , w... .. .. in...........ig 

.. .... .. 

IUt. 9. 2 2- 1. 'vwm 2N. A 25. % nl2 i ta n'fo limnit"I tee aor W. 11hIte',weliet.nuteel itren'ne Alawlri.b.5..2 .4 

23 

I *atee plthe ni.nw'.4 teeigotv ile14.-elm'n 1a. 1.l 

imb cI mae'hiree'ayII lwanw..reff'tie.' thn 

Ih~forIeatkua. AIale'wU...k............................... Is 

1w.th eiitlwtewinthe.~I.11wih e',I 

wehe 1. I. CRwool. War Nuletn4oI .Vmsb'. c m siev .... . 16 

It 12.:t~2.eeit wJ forieth White h.to imikeIleril uignta C. L Fam.v N~trIeelr Arintiriu.4 l#ntilar'... _1 25 

~enaui .2 

An. a pnv~ ig ehj~t findat wa.iffictl ?ISw toompIreie..e Is t Cme. 1-1Tcehnt 

haelse owsx tak in n frigina report.. aln'eso ~wee a iiii- J. W. Gri. ýkwl'a Me'.t1.ery('euiutoy. 

srn 

It(am ope ssaiel''4nt 

fif ewshtiol f hlax teet ml "folthen eke 

C. I. Wa~'. Itwt'ý ........................ 2 M9, 

11an. nif..wthe fuor aftr ano ~stmalinthe IweI Iw hauve X. F. Ilre he'l Cte'eholc1nhnw' it ofw~ u 2 

far. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~AI11 

m-i' 4eui.eha.ntI'tira.twt.C 

.V........................f........ 

seinn I as, ineol'i.-ste' by thel Ibileifiegr'iphi.'u n-f.rr'mc s"' 

nmbemiwy inicerluloi in she Ie'grndb. A fewto. e tthe iltS,.- J. 0l. Ifir,'e'hfeIde'r. (f..rnwmly' Ceeplmiw'al 

trwriew,' ha~. ve IwN dcw'kn Fnbm n'ivirtm i-msow'l 1) ' t0* I-lvoawenfteee' C. 1. Vt'................. .e1. S 

I Iffirc .it(e floorMW) .4 Irdlninn.. titA hirjc' *ip)fnt~iii 

tttfei ist .'siret'e'e feew p.'nm..i-itn tit n'-.neduer throw. 

F. Ii 1. 'I'le'Iir i, Iekn 'i'ely. 14 

Fievissmwnorkapterif. .'pw'w'al til,,.'triatieinp wn' ;prr-pnc-s! Wi. F. Jarekmien. F. 1. SlitPn iwt dit Nemntuesr 

toy their :eeiltews. A neinilrr .4 etoe.'r fig:itiri,.Pt SIMIc Coe .mpany........................ 4. 14 

('ewrivint' . ~Ieh'lpalo-tivia. 

'fe 'Pt~ . itJ, ~ .'.'.'. l -Ix' he.' spirit .d .,oop. 

~~'rid ~ ~ t..I~e' b she*g~~ 25.'i el hr :1:1? Ire ise ict vv'. 

it.nv~ai .19wwi)Csowvit 

Laiwsly C. '. Wt'.... .... .......12. Ilk 

l.., i. 11. Kent, At .. r. teNn I rm inig noinl ......... 

11 

8 

trnl..te'l teIle l' ivj,'.en I wr~it. 'i1w.',4 . 

,Ahwlwve flaSrv'e-uis i4cti.Ael in she. Ct.'etvoit-4. i ti.. %. i'i~il i..iie'tlw'ng~e~t 

leel ~ ~e 45 .- ,, ~ 

J''Yw F 

lf.rn'r' htw'n 

La'lwemer.,tsr w~v.e M. N1)wC) ........... 15 

gt.'ite-I iaetii- .4 tlse Iepmk ttie. Ow .ire'ti, apptresi'l T'I'e''ieleg'............. ........... a 

td '' eee'nl et''4tl V10% , 1 ,Ijt V1etmrfl.tte 

. La th X~fwo I iL C I. ..-. 2, 2.5 

4it. -. 1i*w-ro -odfl 1. r*..i. ,owI,.. 4 tI( ll ".e .1. .1. Laitloe-er. Ili-it Tv'Iv'I11141111 Iel..w-iftweip.. .- 12 

S 4FDNTA

J. 1. V1.1#0 0W. ro 0r,m i "M ey . ....... 22L2V W. F.. G;. Swl" Ha:rlool Vtootmn61isn. '11w 

a F)IM.................... ................ 

11. E.I)uis .x Inv, (.n .. loov..i dl~i uw Iw.C. 

I.~a~tnia. C.I. 21 2. i. la XM .wuir..................... 2 

WI . th N ~ini (011-61 aitr.e~ 1 . 21iid Fwita. S DOC .t.r.(m (....................... 9 & 

NIM ...........................3a7. ~ ~ C.. ~ LL W.. It~, 

4m I. m.. ......................... W. 

?3 l vIt# A." 14 Mer utuI ...... Mtir"c ......... n 19 

N.It. O mu th. Yawr Vll kivr n;v Is~jtf . 

W.~ mL is U c .IL tI... .... .. 1 \ 1 i-rCa 

u 

wln .. 

.IU E 

..... i 

It.Al Omiion..17 Pake (1inx M4ymlinom - .r-s Gmtsy4-l . 1 W 10 1 

F.'4'111n-. . S 4'al1);+410 imaly i ipa imot ~mw l liam~m o aknwS 

cO\V3DENTIAL 

IJ

C4 ATIENTS 

~~. . . .. . . . 

. . 

1 Te Pnb 

PART I 

ixrR)Ptrf .T tlff~ 3i 

2 Niwfv 4,t Poswiler (Gm'i FY Jr. ('. Armorrt 2? 

3 Interitr Rihdli-tit 

did . . 

I(uItlIt imp iv ItY I1*4g,,. S. Hinee- 

4 

4 tIn~i.nffenbtntiom ifr Ex:viwrimtfl~~~ul 1 aIIti Fir inn 

Ivy It. B. IBrfmN,Sa .. 

.1 lcalting (if Cmion Dtiring Firiiig by IL. I.. I1ibu* andl 

11 Norn Frictitin hy Wiffli,,,, S. fiept,#iif . . . . 129 

7 linfld Prrc-"war and ReI-latd Stn--ee- by Hf. I- 

Block . . 

8 I-xtt-rifor flIi.( 

. .. . . . . . 

Ie~ fyi vjrvvwity 3Imij(.tilt-s by 

132 

9 Terniinal JRallir'4u- to ll~po-mT4m-.v Prnpjrrik4 by 

H. S. Rod rmw &#nd Il*44-cr Bleflrtokry 16I0 

PAIRT III 4 

GTX EROJSION 

10 Dwuription (of Enximd Con Mi~re" by IlutyI F.. 

193 

ine.,, Jr 195 

11 1-2bor-ttnr MethomN i" 

Idayd E. ~isle, J 

Sf tudying (;~tin Frmo by 

r. 219 

12 T1%e PrniiheNto( 6tf (; 

r. .4. .1orsh ............ 

uio by1 K. G. Zk.s and 

................ 244 

13 Thec (au,4-4 tf Omi' Entwi-jn by (. A4. .llaegvi and 

J. X. lnJAdr....r.. .. ....... .. .... 2600 

KRON I K AC(TIONX orF riVOiEi.tN TS 281 

14 Ffent-, tof C ost ilt inot tif the Ptowdr Ca- 

Omn Simi by II*. f). Vrr........... .. 

(in 

.... 2833 

11~ Erimim (of C-m Sitee Iv It%-Difi-rn-t Pr'wiwlit-lni by 

J. N. I1d-ulwd edr . . . . . . . . . . .I 

KE',.'q', 

PINT' V 

lKSI.-T.I .VT MA.1TERIALS 1.5 29 a 

IG164-lutiwn (of lrio-io, Rc-i-:liai iNjturialw4 for Gin 

Bi~~~~n~~~~ r Iw W.F 

1 ,r . .T I I

... ~~ . .. .- . . .- .- .-. V 

W.lcrpain 11ffl l 

1111. . .IEt.D .40 

21 Vaori'ir-Ph.u4 PlatiiiK of Mll-Mimblmas. Taaipgten. 

anal Chronm~ium by C. .1. .11. .. . . 4 

P.IRAT ri 

IJIP1tr1rKI) MAI.CHINEb (UVX IHl IUW 441 

22 S4vllit(-ITimI Machimgi 

Schnirer . . . . . 

:un IarnrvlAb .1w . F.* 

. . . . . . . . 443 

231 Ntrided aind ( iromnimu-u.PAi14rh.. 

by K. F. 04.vi ru., .. 

Macbltin Cun liar- 

.. . 438 

24 Nmarwl. h~wtlh St..lite-1noni anti f(,atahun- Plat"! 

Iby J. F. .410ie1rfr............ ...... . 

25 Pilot Plaot.. r.or ( iirgitqtgi-Plating (alil1e6 .50 lBar. 

473 

d+4 1,% 1' Jirchismm and r. .1. .1lbrxh . . . .48 

PAIT VI'l 

HITEPVELOF.Cirr (W*..1S l.N*D PROJbXTIl".*. 501 

20 Short Liners4 and othe.r fle-ipn Fraturcw of Gun 

Ttilwx. flv Wi lgu, *%lletiU.,habrRrgvr....... . . . 31S 4 

27 !)"'ilgn mfttUrIIA of Prop'timtit. 

and Hf. I.. Ifer ac.................... 

by F. R. Si~mp~wil 

..... 18 

28 Auto)611tir ;On M1erlainimqit li William ff. S'haIleie.ryr 

............ ..... ......... 3M 

29 S'aixot-Proj.'ctilc.. by J. S. flurlw. ............ I557 

30 Tairrd-Rnr.- Gunn. and Skirted Projectiles by 

Kd~ri. R.. .. .......... .. .. .. .. 9 

31 Pre-Eiigmra.-I Project ii. w~itha (1ruminum-Ptat.ed 

11on. by N.r,c0 HI. Smituh.........................501 

:12 rlie Fi..' Protector anti ( It ~n miimu- Plated Blore by 

Xiod., II. Smeith .. ......... ..... ......... C 

33 PracticalI It 'ipervetocity (.mn. by h.. 11. Adam.'x, 

J1. S'. Ilurtfue, 2114 F. I,.1p. I.. 

Chm-ary..............................31 

..... ......... 15 

Bibluiogrupy.............................033 

Of)$Rl) .AIIp4ihtt4-.4............. ........... 2 

(u.,,trart, ................... 

A-rviS 

. I . 6: 

.rr i. .e................... . . 8 58

-~ ~ ~~~O 'ME.~ 

SUMMARY~'~ REOR TEHIA 

~ ~- ~----------- 

\NxrtoN.XL DEFL.N.E RESEARCH COSMMITE 

-AVY WESEARCH SECMIN 

Ti O BE' r.. ; D 

llti domos ewi off."it 

%&an hr -ohm ~sa4 .1 th A.S cwpimomi w .- IkC.M "t asu~ 

0--fA lt a, I, - li~asom it "Woe" AM eo Il im 

wamw-so4 y iroS pum pmW." 

Mis..k"r I s .I ro-AA av~ofloomm.4k- )%FIIF%- 

.1.1 s"'~w I t-~wqv&.o-ka", %w ad N - II tws" ho 

Sl

. . . . . 

Itamboo.snpt onol Muposa..rjiiis fsw thiivsho~muI,g w... pwumrl t wS 

losisirvoi~si 

Uni~uat- 

1w thu. A~miti -ty Sf1cawtri Crnim .ini the 0s nleriuis 

iiqu(Wrtui~r4 nurumfr *~ 1131 

With hu Il4 r '.1 44 4iuiftik III.ufr auid ow O-npns". ul nt 1i. voil. 

Woe w.:* gmnitell and I"MInuun IW thu. ('iehulw. 

Mrww. 

It ~Unitervt 

stai Ow Owu War anil Xavy Ililitirtiwneto. 1w~poiriu. urumuvuiing 

fhu aribvikauuity anewt .ntrilmitiinu sE thffu- Situinmary Tru~mirul Itelpotu 

%ushuuuww nawl mnirv.diuitimi awl clthuir w-fuim.u,n materuial p.hurnkl Ite 

aghlfremn1ql gui thu. W!r t~jrnutmeiint lalimrn. IhRami IA UM2 11* 

l~t04,"fvs. Wa~4usugtion 25. I). C.. ..u ltn 11W Offire 40E Naval tru. 

inn~to"It Nary D1hwiuuutnuit. .Attueuttisn: MI-piowto Simi INIMW isvto 

Ariat,. Wai .lutisemea 216 1X 4. 

Xnvt III up~. InevitaIlly there air uewin, shiuh hove Ainppu~nl pe 

kans- at oethiv .4 gmt jg. liw mithiw h,. uist ix"a sig tut hgillu% 

themugh Wi %Miing fti the final pmpop 

prricsE. 

Ww~taeniorr 25. Dr.C 

A wootf er I ta .Iwru4 s ill Iv i. -m. 1 .ih~Ila Inom f; n"nuq, nawl Pen~ut 

In vrurifiiin't. 4s( thu. %uinlnin. Vinuw helIp willi umake thi.. limiuk nmum 

vipieftl itsn u0huv "A-"' uitt" aill lorin. x"E vofrnt inh u pri.tvring sayw 

CO% IIIWNTI %L

SaUMMtARY 

(soviran qmn 1w thise . pf 44ser it 'scIf. 

D 11 lGsonVN norw.0* II.w M a In" -.0 fornsl. Tnr .'ioiak'aw fosaim 

#Iara twos tyn" .s( or-aito saa 

Mot In". Iwqw'arr. a rowfra.fIsani~ingm "'. inonaW in . 

"maaiximosu" Melliir srhority in re'.aaaaauss ow.. 'hlri 

.4s -4c%4l win fair. vorsao lta. fuile i ~aeif- ff ala t 

Latyr .' a .iat4 M is tlv wa.au~rfmaw r with tkc Pt'-bi 

Wmsvaia lmpuh' woussin" at mimlifivid *) fiv. (owa if a giaca. fooalstorni' lay roiiwiuw sad Ilat' WrrtMarl "WI&W'ts 

5 i. well. the rat ooesIs it evvr'tvaat 

lad can life 0 .'mc1W"N*NKgy 40011. 

'flap In-m-iane.rr ori.. rr~atumr loalys a 1ww'ahmfflinara rotor in alt'mdi mW wisit t)-v it(mralaim- its oforiati 

Mors. in tow ai1tlolt? Iato 19l. five Nalsiaaintl Dt.. sitlaaauagi low o folvtiou Iatisvp aft' loaw Imotrilant ala 

bumow Ra"'a'n4 Ia.mal ionirnaltiaaa too invr-tiplor jia a fjrtaaq'. Iuwtlerrimor. life laioclan low i1 fre-fauarfu 

sinacau tol mnaking hviglsa't vw'basmly vintt Iasiartioul. it t'sf.tloe 1w pre"a' thr a~tent to$ whairls fle S 

vwas triaaai-ifivil 1h'01 fine sit iti' Iaaino4,sl" lisirsillem, IM'lI~-fM111-il odcotacee i 

wrisoll ar five ronesd off join .sassaan. AI Ila- moinsc n f.aaIrnore w cnr ailiy rnvivroa'l ot If bytif* IswckS 

160W. it o q. aresura 11rs401ra to. l dta vm Oail'.. OWaa by the pnsin'uiie in liar pope ea a hypel 

psUmalla aowait' a attasining Itihelm lofl -iw Iesav y vkIaiy pt Inte ril willh a spry IAsiaaal miclimitt faa'lws 

fia~iew'm~gn csean" Lay a cdm3150c its ili-igt ad( life t.4the pin PIier i~pibi..mrso. andl five insolte nui*Cfit 

ViWsit or sjoirrtlot. lDtviosimp 1. NDIlt. faalloaw"'I "on. 

"nuWaisoly luf-4. ia. rawerata .4( artimaa. aoreaalaalnyillg 

10 4DuIM #aud off1 the w lao Iy towc pnwsier gaite.. 

hapm fly mp iW ptmthm ad04 imorvm imillifAiutw soW !A~SAN J~El 

wiflsabalevr to aaaqslrmib pt elliesng knuvurslw.S 

alit inteIi M-Wiait 11tic f 10-60 '.tKGPn ANtt inil 

&Wg adf flop Ianuav fkirwlnevii in thet pwaric~al. in" 

KRUSiON 5TUD'M XatI.h ww .alarre T Iwauon it woo 1a'ntai~vl 

nrwimlnral ims a sriviinot bylastlorwlsk (whisri 4160a 

flaaar~aqw s thtiaut Wabarlwtwaly ornfes~t oil i -n 

osnutfirnswslltlut1a 1t~t~i~ 

4d w'" ents-mot WU'.. in vefi'a. III 'even tier 1sia4iery as( ie itjlsk in a Pietist. Von lteia. wlpantkloifi the tyf* I 

tim oposc vionarsi ad( aliufe t Opine flint batal lvaest firasi AM. wife"', untl airr hvprnrkxrity frnditiot 

ueguin rarinuta aanahliaaeam. ('ailernslalor infarsinatlicsas with siwntim41sy w. 7n.u'iw iwnaepion a woret 

woo eustawawi fro" una cinalisms so( Itt I~se maaaea ntl. was'. lorgian fow aaaeslernuia. malgerial' tha night 1 

"awst (ploaama is Bt lw lowi s~rfatv- 4r( pm'.p wat" asplit in gers,.ns n4.e-ant. it "o,' moss" fiasmorI that reit'oalnfe' 1 

sorrisir*. (W istpuail inolvuartante viatisa :c knotwirilp' erfssa~a ly lwiv oaiasir V;Lt'a i. at lmsnl'olty ad 13iol7 

gmiei It'mIf~m olorra'tl explerlii'etita in whimni, a sew vin few tin'r asartab-in 1 airliaaallr. rfiarmsniu.itw. y 

5 

1 )' 

wrust "aa a tclaoitAy fewraaaaaaliarAnl ftoevna trissraaaaa. ,k'irtiin. tainliten. anad tnittaltiiia-manl iat i'e'sain a 

M, flaat lit' nalsa'. 44 tive pn".sa ;mwa'aa a's,aa4lop themi sIaa)oq. It wwal to', Ir'~ati'l fit-it a vorry infniviTat 

441lla141. A .It'a-iai h-ail'rp'.)iay -low-ftaaly os'a.'aon. i'ffaant waaaaola fir raqaorrl init, lie-nre' nny flwat off tue 

*eaaiing van am.s .I'i'bartt'.l its iisake looffditle litany isartanti in a (#win osotioialo'li' few Ivo an a laistrr-4irfa. 

maiatine firinpa oinalaw' a itarirty tof Oneliiana flat fatrizil. 

iol srtiartzn ma'tii a4` 'astrl a~lor.4ntwnls iviaalsa'aI a elor. Twit ad thei a'a's,4eaitW',lant niatcri6ta'iala inifte 

lcrv~aiatationa a( lifee n-lativa' anui~om sit all '11M lii k'shag'lhy lDiv.iaaa I worise :31n,14a1 tat r-ijltrT 

inai55i5#ai imrvovl.iontst. *in'mft nutriwime gina l'tau+. tiut vorn- 11-441 in "o 

.Amoiba4i,~ gnotola ad r'ipiopisa P~ort.-gI tawola. wi'. 111101"a. tIva in fife 61t"a' roamsolua a4 Owa wimin Itor B'rafa. '11 

t'.L&a'aft iaeir J4r' li r fe datna fft..' a -intl Imaas -agafaea aif are W~i'. ,.ta'iiia, r;iialsnuI ua* .at 'tintrv1 sr ta i'rii o 

flo irali' mdlaal aiI a.at. -W I lse lootwilar it:sa'. Tly w~tichs iaa.'aor'n'a'sl ils ta. la ait y life ad f'laor Itn-i 1: 

O- aI( file tei'haiail"w' 401 jaiay~ioai Oaaaeaaaiory it wns' ii,. adwe it- laughls le'aaats'aitasaa -4na noooamt i ,tiuh irri 

akio"OvAraafea'th'ai it a~'v%ra'l aef liae gwvilit.ilal iuaaa'ljl. rni'aaa..iontvr-j"Eaasa Thee' atsa'r w:& ri~aaj,"iaiaaa u'lce'it 

Joel". rriae'ta'uh a-loi 4end :1t tfla' anaajaj a.:altaan 1 )1:, alt.;iairtl its la ife lunlrimaarl 1omo' "o-airae' ae4 1 

s1i1sal 1 a5P-tar. latra'm-illeagic giats O a1 Nti~flan. ad flsa tlanal. *lwis iaa-vi-a 'MB ia.-ottaaicaa) un'r ia* off 

CONVID NTI % 

*

lot~rAt- lmo.*alI-4 it wa- : apglowcl in mtr-h a wai* thtat tle. flt-lN* ti.g'.-irfave to-fuolloraltion tha~n laiel IN4-i hn t, 

*penitzlren P141 so til I"11.'v. .lac'Le lls doo-1lmriv'itru' foon' ,mm...ilek. 'fluit-4- r-i-cll - %%'r.' cutf iogf-ýtiinalI Ia' value 

I11.1 noot loru'.onov, q'a".ap ,.e -40 1awikly frost" IW lwitea .4 in 41". f.,nue,;liecn.41i- o 11M. final exiulanntifeuao .s 11W 

110)4.. After iwuoitiveedl'r.'u .~f, 4 stwla "t it"I)' fyirst 

hail IP l leu VW 1611 Au' a '.'t tigno. -I -:-oinlointifsn" 

batrrel lovtinug t.'olmkeCl.011,141szh e'lunnolii~ala Illali' ah.'au 

I'm~a..u 

'fl%"m'wtiulcrtermu:.h 

jati'st n-9guiia' ls-4 

s4Imet -~fctm 

l't Al4I~iu n .'y4iljilrwe 

sof a mlc'tlite loorecc' flter warn 4le'-vrhlwuil. 'llii.. lanorgrl tifiacurluliie"malztun.After the gtrlofnfl. 

hadio a life at lr.Ia,' lenf'ulc xn"'afer glean duthatol a siteel 

lrargil when-r Iira'cl ill hunigi laneI,. lisp. f.Ir r-1mguli.. in 

inhal11ing) :11*41 dietngt a tlan'c'fculul Xr.:ate'r lire whern 

bm e .viif t; Ase"uaginoto.mj 

woork in lte ol-le .fnienlt cif flim ivit'. terrihail IteregIniul. 

itlmma'ftialnepm fuaew twisv iourtm" AS frU "WaM " iW a ~ 4i.l 

eftriuupvals wik was .lIunc' too sistioiflify thle comspiatatiuuall. 

41nor Nqb'.lntMp' fit flu'. O.Vq.rft' offe othorim .'.sewaw.Lw 

A %Iq'lite liner was m at'.:ipio-iif o tuoo fix- hi~logiaitov uascu ir 1luat k-"uriuueu. uiauneipirif-u.lein.m ran Ime alio^-c. 

flh1LaitnienIm l'~loorii't-nial~u AA.il~ .11) iawhne gtian ffur exilali.'ty. AA.e sufl*Iiliuucual inafaln,.atisin its ginutri. it 

learM' which bass aI intiauic vu'lsu.ity itf 3.- (Ito. i'1.e can eusily In- ino~orleimnitril in file systfem with a 

Igrto( 044-1 ith line'r minsl Its- exiwartql tit ise inoanslatcin' 

feur nill flitaili ilara illelaasugn li'.ram.i. an1I ii -a 'iagmriur 

i'n-piltisiagiasuxu~e in afe't'oijry(. 71tll si'.4C11 

proot-nc' tie Ist- ism..fil nwit stilly in rautiticae leilliuI~e rzlthuesigimirfatuc 

nilat'i-rl 6' hl jul Oie, liuuwu'ilut4 '.4 eaaligti lonu haul :1, in natalyu~ml- co4 the hlltli,.tie faCt....11 

r~srieur materitl 6 a W116-11mn~mi~ll~ 

rhc an Ioe thlat enter iate, a rto.,niceraitie, so( an 1fl4'amisq in 

fmir a ith clanlil ms litwoo'u'ade.wilrwool; a otellit litte, leatizzl v'elxity. 

uwito 'enuler titesir e'unlliueu Mistym alcci' uuin'w fuit- Dtexinine'ntaul ltmulflic firngirsoweres t'onfut~et't in an 

liter ilerci'leeetie'nt tit gieuira.oe ittholertiliti'. 'ffsot to elit~ain so istor- uEre ltri-e iaentimation aimucnt the 

'171t mu~st grniaau'inx matueriul mei fpr tmd,lecu.c,,mir cr effec-t san this lm-houieee off a xiun ofj vaeiabitts PoemmtW 

tile loeu nicqrface It a t% lexp.rviorltiti'iwly enqaiw the siglitt anel e-ucupuitils- ufl. i)thee ptowuler e'harme and 

gun oitnioarelmnwl amb'Iuk'lenia. Tin' pcutuhctuev base Iwy, the lwismjormile leAn.l 1 inclaaetor. A new dei'ice. termegod 

to learn Ne.w tit falwiariet oirie'i'c .4 horttile. onsihh. the miic'rinwnii inte'mferujnoter- wax. feelr.opei for 

dole-nsi larure .ncaigh fuir ii-ols ase Kait liner,114 Neialhw to inefteurriarnt cit( pruivoritihc' niur'.en'nt down the lpti* 

hanie', tfe inc'tal 'ifein thi 'udalt it %%ill %t ith'.tinge lion-c. ni',eeirtm adonteetaiw 

thle towagirt n-aisic id u a ;mj'tl.ditring enigraiiner Srain'igatioge rmritetsnaieontertra 

T7uim itoal stin'. gaehiu've'l in larins, feur the ralihaur SU da the open barre'l fbiring the-sts experimnental firing. 

enui~,me.inggn. Plans. we-r' flthe,". 41el'etoetil fen' were crcirwtati'.l with statior nucaisuresmelontle fromin a 

reuulnlulglent wAith which 14.. :1agly th -line ea irs l.-'einitin stney (if bignes pert-moue.. The restuelts were ariplied! to 

tie the fatuiriatisor. itf piv.'e' lazr instnceuh fete liner". tuur Issuth firujeurtile ,le,.iot anti pin delaigi. 

a .1-4n. pain. A~fte'r )1 )SHWi I .'uutir',tmes hall Itse' terni. 

isnateul. flt-e Hlmane.., to( 411-lneine. Sat-i D~epartment 

ceanttintivil Ihi' weirhc. 

Y'xterionie tmalliutiest anti tt'riviinah loottlistics of hy~c 

i'elov'ty Iunuje.tile-' Vact-c sebjects Of COMnllry inter, 

eM lint were not inve.-fgtrit~let exctego.ively by' INA. 

aulumn 1. Ther thieoler etf the aiotiemn eif a e'one nailing 31 

Ii~~~STIC wrvimhhs 

In the oftaech it(f1 te ienetlaten.'tal ,'ata'.cm cf pino me,. 

A'mu. kncuwk'cilge isf the' fi'lei..:liEniii~r st in 

the Kota loitre ilsiing tirinit %%3- iee1itue~ant. Ito-ne'e the 

high vlox-4y't wa.o cternalrol to take into acr'etsnit the 

effcw't e1f yanw. I wern'tuaa ec tmale of the dimniap. 

tive efifert ill a hylecrio-'leaeity projectile tiligaiw entering 

a Iitikid. 

pco-ore- u4 the linoltitii ueof puuautder %%!I.- Plueelir'd. a tIC%.lF PR ETLS 

cto lhe jmocc ulor e 4 :Iil lie V-1-Iit'ej-:il c- ai..to i'11atli itttzes' vetu cc-it.' of any* 4ci,,t ing gin ettn Ile inthim 

t'c. cc:v ,'. "rlu' 41IrenlineMl. 'rw',"Itul i-out-i, hr.thlel It o firingK fr"1111 it a .eilmit-ailort 

4,1rl jJIJc.r '4-6rýi," ae ec'-e',t4et.e-:11t ccithI lite peIIlcs-iejeti. II ct (,sns fit )or a faeirly cafe ;ia-eimti~p"i 

lec'al eiiwif top liiNo.- ýtin' erfa-eI'( eef gill'm dl61i9u firnig li l 1iKIeig faict :;reteially v el' i.eee-ii-iaroit. )I ' v 'lim'flissiptt 

antit ll fit-i rii,' e 4, tui-ami-unilirs -f lite teu-re %A6,e l ia', thietlii rate 4u4uu.1"40114e -cituh a e:mi. i6 4,11a,.-ieldull 

I14JIlvY ief11:11hi glov ea lw I eul itrim: :iritig ll( :is( 2 k-'.iu, ý flit- ruir' ;:f vte-ie;u.' ist ;; 4-m-f-tilio~w knit 

ts-.hl'Ic, arrive at eieiii,-h c-he-4-r ,uieaIi et' ~ l41 I lei'e 1 c, 14 M-i-44 'a f :1 l9101` m I'r lrijeTtille i63 a lt-Iit ,1iim 

COENHINFIDn iii.

attaiimich*ji.4wt ,mtflwm..m a miwirlevo increimor iiully n an :,flitomH'tfiry lemnitii IPirilloning tlelife to 

in croities. a PIMn lanrrn fobmcr.. ti ww -vm Iitinic.umltmm 

V'ow this. mt-rn lDiviiasm I .qanmwmil e1 lse- lim-Ap Litr tE -no #lretemperatelI hiy triail n( a 317rnim Phisl.owes 

smel mkjmt6wwY4 s ah b ~ ty'pe sel mlivi. g vta Iewy.4tibgu e aw 

enhlve' forljertile. C."Iervlen.. afttnitam %as, ranti tom as a menoeso em4 amiplymg an foirnm~n-rsatrpant muateria 

file u..e .4( p&.motwm in sumor ominetilles Itii the ,pnmm.- Iti a rin looser. 

tit mbmhmItg .urrght: lait dIiintoisimmal intastimut~ .1 ' .'ltlwmqmah Avrhnmiom, is hmighmly caom wtisotnvoaa't. it 

14""ir when e~gmslawtlIt gvmiantiosmes its atnm..pio.*nhrr 6 is fmu-iml its krcip ten eletygetqilate .4( chuvrn~homm to a 

movoiwtmisoli mneute itinsawAam.Ir tit ilmn.4np :% i-rar.pe a Kiln4iu Immurewmirfi1re. trOWe the1 major raw... .4 its 

14me .k-.WA. [W'nitwaisan litsffo tile finaI l t.-ign to an. rnitm~-l 6 thme hig~h strposs .mrenotienfritmi tor up tihring 

all-Poteefl -nim .awtmjtfewith anN-lb tn"Ptom' fuvminetril $4 the imeitjwtifr. Tanv meata of Pwewwntlie 

raivitimlg emor. ahwhitI iire mmi:,le jimit Wore.n the wtvrk 

wass leeminatemd. inilirratel Out tYi f ime umw .4( mimh a 

Iniii metiom were trail in son effort ltm enhannce the ises. 

(tiblietqw .4 rlmumminmnmm plate. I kie was the "na- proo. 

;moWujtile the ,ommul. vm'itiittY .4 thme mat:.n i Kim gun tvsio.r %hich is a thin AMit gmeer attahrhel too t1mW 

wax mrolem frionsi 2.7,1111 it, 3.7011) (le. 1ime nimnjeri'le'si tmqk t(the cartridIge cse nr~l ieateinuingforwardloi'f 

at'ter,m. unas aso roawi tshait n( tile stanilarel MK-umm the prtimjrrile no ar upi the bom~mrrref. It mwerm thentigm~jertmle. 

in 4)( rifling it~iring 4.ngrmi ing andi tIhe" is extnratedn 

.ljtmoohotl 1tqw .4 Puilwnililler pri+jemtile 6s a kiaie.l it theanevsritisemo. This 1ovire hall wt yet hie'. 

..me. ti I%- Afir (note s fa tlorf4.mon gun. I~~tmtns perfortet. 

with tapemrilesl..me gunto mm ililferet pervomortiomoo Tier orteuni utennos . aviimilinot imniinme mtia. irm a 

,4.mewcI fliat the wistio .ur iwI tp' peis fine havming a mutimmjiteloo~mn .uomrfare moa pre-engravell prs., 

sthowt tinmmilkil tiapermrii 'wit. at tile en..mule reoil. The ject-ilit. Ito. 41crpostfil mmtilitAtinim nagumicim a ianvtqs. 

sitpilrott away tes pnivih' ,..wh a ta.perel mertimose 6uby 

amar biina ..bmos ,mai amimiea I..t'- o an vx~ioinotgus. A 

mirett wavto im mnricnfitim ie pismiectie so priterto rlinmler.t 

itig. On Poe sf-coimnntiamg imangmiRemt tfust mosle W00ed 

sitalsiartimrc nicn. .4 .imiig t his l'mr a .57 -..mn glen wave 

.lergl..pw.I. tIgt~lmvr will, it loig o .4 as :n ~imtrpoerre. 

Inminteil Lindos in the guin wait trivil in an expoewinwntal 

lmvperr ritoiy .17-minm guin (vrw4iw-iv: 31.300 flio. Thew 

Nig tmiiiti'iten 4-ritIe-emerl Iijemretile whicht hail a o.em ene.Yi-sm th.at mmerrurreil nt the tirigin .4( rifling in 

mmuuzzle velority to( 4.21311 (p.m. In this raise. ulon. pew- thiss lgmnrticiihir glen toimle nmight tie piemverterl Im the 

14iiinary tpoti o~tmwcol that the areirary ~ap at leapit imseijia tlirikerirhmetiiimm plate. 

a. great if noWot g lre r than that .4f the slathnikmn neenmnil A goimn dim-ign gwu-iert that Wa.n steilamate (rumt the 

firrel ot ma velmeity (if 2.80 (p.t (nmin the. onsimimiegn rest 4 thme Diiai~imns' ativi..ievo was fietImeloloterninutt 

with"ost a ma11m214iea6lopwm. .4( an imitpnroeil nimlinimoton fiter a 2fl-.tim mumtininmtidi 

ranham. .A1thomwig a iwontpletrviv .ati'4fclary letsim 0 

UN :l15 ',Nl) arlim.R VFE.TCRIS hail mot lipso mlivchsmre~l Ira fll' ltitle the pi'ojieit wAAM 

NE O GLN -IGN terviiinaltrl. firinpg test.of the lntest imimidel inulimated 

1)1 11.?.the littler tha~t mine migtiglit Iwaclmio-veil ertc ilaly. 

Time oli~tcet 4 arwmmim-me.6,.ant amalevirtles 

hinttsrallY l..l too vill'trto fti imilisr dhisu tilato mI it' I% an-It 

mtcr. With rvtN'?t to ,maimhmite-vimn litrrela, it wax 

400inm1uOriltmmm floit else miiintajutioin it( tii'~le 1` 5 Itoint i. 

EAPE IMEN'T.L II)TEl'F:l1Lt)CITY GUN 

.m(tiiI) - ~ ur , iteioIto.n ad Yi.'Ihd a raamities 

it( gellit' mir.iili mriimmmlwtihttw tiomia m.'at!;imutiimi o~( till 1hic-ivitiim minIgiln rvmiwiwtov 

iomtinnomliwl it l~inrrl ht~avimigt aIiAiglky~ greirl mitir%%-l len iail gs~ntiitul tile' uai ti~arinl flip ilaii'Ilopnmeot i.E 

I lis-icmw. mtilt 111m11i4c of .1tmil hiivim"g grintcr - vicmttIm mr m,"ini ~-i,6tfait linitimin L. mil it tei~lit welt imnale to 

aIlmt~ tild , lr-.m lieiorv-. lei gmnlimmitima rv ti-to miroih :its 

tiiilmn-i Ilm -l irre-I iii:.I 'iealI. iuicrear.. iii lie ~ 

zig1 igmv il..- mu a Liiim"14iilge too the ili'iilotmnmwtii elf a 

pa'iv ~tn hYixviar-il sit giim. liii' fir..t -tip1 intis 16 illm--inioarvIi 

a ith :it z.-uttl %. imtisi~ n 'ifg es.4 t 'imimli. rin-itl %%:I,, a Is ., hive. It wi' :iii e~iw'rilloiu 'ta. l)- i gunt 

ninny I Aiml aln 'A Il Ith fiin mime' limier, firing ift :- iii.zl %h m ii. wit mf ;if ki.t I il~ Tao - 

t im4u14iimii xin. in fill- .m,. a a. unlmit(jii hot~ dimi. linvil " tilled. oir 0i- i mm m i hnrol l Isi t. rti-niil. imt .imith 

mmie'ut .4 a ,.me~l'-.11.im -ili .in 1.IIiiii -t4. ish thr 114 )u-~ I, -li\ ii i. 111 i-l ti.iii4. i1i 

(.r a !91-111111 ijimmi. Stumli : lillair am..o m-i~im,,nil mirigti- Ami iiiI.-Iniiiwii, g rti Iflfittr i'i.ta 

D IEC 19 196a 

TIPOII

swill. .ArvionlieIE low tIme 4or'iu'ivol olnemI lliew' lieloo- ed..ne. off Ilme rhnartoei'i.4irp 4#1 ,ewulimin.4:lilmugr hImigmr. 

IAM' ltoo IM een de11 nmo ge12v :11111 "4-n- tem h~avc vd' w.it.wi mieiem Whalt io, uni..i.. eno- 6a canrifeil e~a:eltfliml 

Ion.41lnar~vvvl prmsJoNlillew. aneedii.. Il emo ke uBm- .4o atioe1 "I h lm owooilule way% go( IltljzjuiR er~fm f1$ 

tlbe, ii- w IrinvoI ill time tri~ais tho3-mim :1.amm11uav. so 

ant1 utmteritL iiu e4uuk pam Iw arltaea "Latied thme, 

flap woOr~vep in timi,. fm'ncam %-e.1 149 hat,. INV" g, Fime rinmg- pejiememb Iwe tnwkwtfql to* .Ivrmiwm the1 #*p 

jmBwqticumm off a mmisl~liotimmmm linrii its anosie imer tmmoelm-mt ha lenin Iegmltm.tir roonoietin. gwlocruo-ieIatl H1s3an 44( in-. 

inx tme f .... e ItmIIL-tj.i r w. te. A.. a lm-iuamiln- cm-n-s g 111me .Ie-wmly it( Irnuling. i'itnaly. tiw-n. 'my 

ary*. Isa werr suai" lowr ti.. faelmit-atiolleist ae n e14eV iD. rueemug,~in ~fowmalinm with thmat fewmn'mlieg llwo 

ahimum let Iitei I~Nt~ .twt .- std.711.e-mlil er lust. effwtq-t em dfeiiI t taqvi off4 .4 Lywvtw'eimity Imloier' 

Upoen moommliem ee4 1)itimiem I gmemer.m~~hi. 1"40j. fil-. it Apolloiel topn~iatitwr pim~ple totkqeiweto" a fe-i' 

ws wao.teake-nw tie t*twNtv t Iw. wtesU-cu~e tf onijanse.. meilm .( Iem Imeed a"gpesom so P@VV MW 1 gIN o IN 

Mt-unpe wit thujo iat hanol (II? all jieilmm~karti ,tmiv 401 ee ttiriei emgijll~i'mmt. 

4116%. 4If 

S

IXNTROIWCTIOX 

RrS 

dp ;6P 

0A*#M'4t oeaw4 

.1 %*SO 

*o

- -Ira, 

- ~ - - * 

thr~~~ ~ ~ ~ naur to..-Iotri.lpAn cn141n.lt lol etrrliluc t4,11 p 

Itt"' ynipn: rvl as.:a inams a'iaumai tamn-1I minee. itt' lIti1.i 2at 3,l li3.u iawlmuIt, 4erltha'r16 s overallt'u a'ifaicnry anda 

lwp thw nei- ad thai Imiam'ra'ii-P(on theaml1ta'a4m. s ita. iat%- gat Whe'~ns P1441 airmo nua Jdraaopen with at I,(e3 pow. 

txikal lir aallatl~vtap'wm ad s4 tit m.le .i-imit-huhm a numiviec. 6. W.bita slladl wiad aivaya tieai-loit ~firrv ha (d 

wiha~i suos. isi'i'm~'s, s ft,- isalata'tflm ht~ln' w flee timm!a-olusE nuste that' a'aiasitya wfilea risimeul U'eutuen 

..k fity whirs'h s-mm in 1941; w(iliihi' that in g al ami,. Pary diAnno muq~awllwaM erfr ow h uze 

a'iaa'a. asuijma' anl ~la ls v~ilalI% lla'npa hatlmaia' ag oina ssa' lot rinaqls' on thetma. rlssiatioi cif (lonnia' 

rnl , NLTURFiilh. OFrltlllll T I iHE VaIl.Fli a, ahstlei tin. iuah t aionilb raniiii Ohio r'duityio 11tat i'4f ts 

whadu Smtew, sleonw'lautal maia 0wi~l ha' i~ui' at jsa with. xia. j vote. (isa agiaa' veooimi ithen am coan PaIW 

tails~lpm~w'natiaat.II. 

Il~il ails~ma'ra~m~dmAla'w 1h' rls'rx' WM~igliawag gag vinter al.'ails. raity u~for 1)oV 

of es pawta' ;unarmlerm into~~l wtnet-hanqti mine 1t4 ati.-wa nra' msiepm nal(ttic Sme ~j~a'ouI l.', the lmitingelo 

ireltprooirtil f~w atinhingfill-p~ijm-'al arm 

towrd cty i a laiewnaelt.io jlicitmyas the vhriyovuftin in theafr 

2 smiatey t~~t n a -ietiieddir~i~m '1awit lcwle=Ptfe 

tahmmaw ila' aa'mdtu. anitna li's.r vanaa itiing 

rLair efiinc CTRVoniar T aivrbE it itii. It te x b.tre IjincroIlm s tasmiii*b'ri5g ii ocn v i,. nutity. leate live 

tuhr:L alinenlmAt~iv niý o wvtcish ninr'n adi gn.lishr va'Iaa'tm' ila 3.3.2 1 ltmint er 

pad a primarlativ runu n witha a 3-aimzmm 'ia'lgya biter aa lumnis wha lrsih 6'a siwtimsa'.l~aaa aamoamea. iniicwi Ivy ithrcionga'oid 

ine pomjswile' analro minto kasinetic-a'r imijs(ila the 'lvrov Avtisd IA janss'ia altev'a'lva imnli h 

fie tar't inpam a('insai 7 . E'lial limi.,it 

S ern'asm tw . pris'iau 100tu paresnt' Aan-oii4 a'giw. its. Iliene 

pawsa Insa'i~l r flin. t the wi t gx eeny ia t ifrt' pnal inss'amn't'ai 

vwqm erin Ith ilalms onriloo ru ng; an~atia'. that ,iNNJ(p. p (a 

tits 

aautfi 

ethwnuatl rfinto'iavea joinupall's. 

tam 

11Ka'mm~iWmith11 lua'so tlannrlr.t lifts'6 tis o-a' y fWl lint OnmESl- pa'iamrstil lie'a ejecte 

4 'infem ao nalintaalY a'm-lamsti yIlt a'nd ina's. Fir aPner ith mianal ioahla' veqwnw t naa' dir'itam .5. Far proila'I 

ae fMA' g.amtatsa pirtnro ("ithe a Win. lii.jai m timev rm- Plmit is. in ftightl byaw piinitumg'a I there ita, fi- 

zi'aathe po rt de abaamt 2.700 Ip. 

diw proieatla'a' anapaain tolra 

aniiva'rt,. 29i 4parV 4'amm foo atsutaiamsuat iomic 11an lisualp.ana mlinaa'have a' rrena'I i 

hiwie a'aa mt timn1Wfulaxl a'ma'a' $a -ttivar 1.3. m rn~:-;~ c rvnuie hi 

vlcoia'p. tier a mpnTba 17:.6-1 effiiapary 6l~ththsr. anaiutivig In rrAmitu'a tihat .. ain ml fi-nenive aasti.(s11k r Itep io 

71 1W? aa'nt. ti almamast f4r itnt is. la1'i'ysllllxa siri~i lia'av tt ma''mlw targeta as tsmit~. an im 4a'ly thati ar niot paI nriES 

iamauallma'teal intil ie gum lmea very 11vw h htm inalmr flimmg it( ma'1''. mitii hatis.mu saa toa th-lie pranu-:t, th tila' 411rje 't 

a'M 'sml aaati' nuai 1.1-1v1 pill' fisa'at aa iura'ti 4.2'Alaa~ f w ith aipaa'a'iim'l u uaaviio.'lawits. anal a rin'a'iam wn , #hepal 

am-ilthe hapil let a',. e'ra'ta'lwfraji thel g lain wctlislifa ja~wtil'm 

311-141 in IM%. .. pnny ing theta'il .iN. tI li 

I'a lrrfav1a14 lm ;la'x-ramailiimn,.. u graisat'2.7111 pir Atiasa --aall'ra'agaan'ia'awil thr ate% -th rate ratip.pm uaar ai 

the pawla * 'e~ a' l'e a'aaia'rt'a intm aruang (ms 6d Thtmmlkeu fahiiaiai . 

gusns. h41-avv a n-farkfi-a 

tiwpra4. 1 PieIA i t nm a. Diftii'r :mii Latta"r-: a zl' nma aa'mu''mia'm'saiuuz~a~lIyrmupa'n h i 

aa'Ian'itw i as.. t in'taahii'Ialli'w'i.lias.naili paawls~ e a m it- atii ma al im'imann #ifI h a'*ll ae iiwnti't gtnted

iWcli-~wf~mismC.,sti Uri-1.1msl viit e,,mzir. tie-.q'n4"~azri zmitm It mimi' im.' ttm-rotimjv.' fte mmli. tim rati .e Wrhimmop- # 

fiimmzli mlv is tlw 16- trout I.& Iheu11is it.o spom4mllit e'. It #emmaa..e.wti.mn',amtmmmlaI tlwpu. Few 

%&0. m.4:ml~ tsm flit ime' mistimm im parermxatmls that. uv6.,A.jl tiw 'Mll viea'.etsolinymt in11 tI9 ier avm.-ur inrWt,%: wasm, 

so s .mitinm. 0 i imt, ant ,#wwv No 1- Onb.. met. 06005 ; fpiso wrr y~a. WmNI. figr the =1 yomero fImsibim 

Iun..his*swr. iin lie'.4: g'miliw teiem' i n'i- jtl.mm ofifae' tIw sa'e'vng inorn'a.'mi w-. id time' fee'eimro 30 

lonvl in thumiewimilo.4 heisere. titeR ee(l za mam ioe tnm.'zmemns flit, pe ymr. lhornng file 4 ehsiratl", sseadlosqw'nt to 

in mntsfltm owmr'f ,ev w rme m l,.. lie6o fmmlloswo (ream llwes'-r. 1!WNI. i*. 11 slm.'npr wias i oommot it ialeli wwf 

rln*4wMe'mts thoat . Kiln is6 r,:mIlial tolwutni-s oto eml v while In, gShj-e t'eesno'etimn. it i6 p'rilin'nt lto take' flepet nine 

tme' pnjewilh. its Ismo'..inr t..Wt. tome' isis.. I" it 12-in. proso(ee time. inoewasm' in rate' oil frei that loas actromilipaniet! 

at Ike "otmasmor'w'agI, gloet tavgsl little hif Ihe humsi i aloomd ihs h6iwwmwin. leariwmaly." Thev prmwativo smili 

III aimre: ansi if We' ammehigily limits show. ilnte'r'1 11 n- L'l rememzlm. horiolintagitmi miettmilmi any n'inutrsom to n4emmd 

EUto'iwtils mr-hrntalm fr 1w mcqr itsu life' to( a 12-i". nnol Ifrv'. Witleflit-'ameltnt is( Is e'w 2lmienlfng antillate'r 

plcH I w~e islyfain flohIri~mmineztt,{ 10l s' as th iw mientins 

life'. It ion fllfl.UIw fzt thsat l1w rortilmooi'miisoj(iiig tigetms 

cml rimpmi ammuieitimit. the' timne fot, "? ismel wias Pixeif- 

"-ntI' muV :' anti in the' (ridrirv nwmt pilost. auto. 

(,or pifts so( vaiiatflm iii ti o- m in h 1ww osti. nt'mliv mif immt. 

tmjtmmmh- Imnmitilcml Ohiti time tomitmulr v~torwigi nhtmitaite 

neatir imw.-lmetniwoita havie Oratly inorti-awool the' rate. id 

fin-. We'now have 34.n. ranwo ftlnrK at 20 reisineli per 

aoictl oiim dtel'iv rim.Iitmmt antitel w Xuit ioe limi Aloofv: *mimm aminurtowlPmniull onse (mmtm'hne Pines I firinig as Mrst' 

(fer With %sunaflrv Vut h trvilta w mel the fgws eelv 121111 I4 romoemilm pp ininin*5* O.amtifistil with uiltleh 

olsowem 1itw law"' i6 Avirem'r. anti fonimm ris l ' I time. utmirsami vs" *iti, rate' qi( fire elmer neat mor.-tooi have' fruacrhsl a 

-nefulwr mel nuin.so is o" voontu~jmtlicigdv gn'Ats'. It tip. riorrelo'ltitlinit ovtetitts 4* t~tllim.:. As initt- int 

liv tiiiw64"44r. O-that iini i* attttfirimi-ti thnlwrmml 'v. .~4o-in 1.3.2. flmtrtim wit..aowebi insilirtwretei tua perieantr 

ma-leimew limit thazt its. life'. wrlipr tiws cmw~emn-el ice foowinwetninvmiove fr'tawr ~tlhat aiydeulooo'interrelamt.ed. 

"ntwawmmsv4 rseft" fil turne off emwratieeea. Dayi Iwe6. 

oer"IdugnrJt Omitai. Aff vffett Sm in Mk., iii wimemossi The T"~MIt liworreoct 

effretiveinupmet take into srmomint file' elm'uitrt eil teerfea 

file. Tlwwy 6as lites" a ts'wtsle'ntr to wake a rtiemglu diii- * 

"~~ Tre~nd 

Trngo 

th~Ixze PS04 

iii th 

Alm de arti"k', into lorwvulurmifir anti highm-velsity 

umfr"Mos. thle lowemw'r elis'nms-im en lms not mucht 

iie tighe'r than 2.OWftsi imo. ns the lattera rtunning imp to 

Pate3,011)lfpeura litlt lmesi i'lotrro.tets.'ee 

Cannest werei in ow,, uso earti ufive w 14th re'tlmm's., is, Is' uemavisael mhrmlfclieos in the psra'tical attainment 

of whiclh liens ostomore Asam %n- tin-l fronea ertiemgltt ino st mtgenot sqwrnmtitisgn mmi've'mrtit'ia mitt w 

Mucht in rwiteei 

lain' 1 . file prwmtmloo-fnt iom-itigt a rn.rt~h Awmnt o lmltack min 3.X11 fpmm, it hhA. iws',t oies'mivl convenient to uwe a 

lipewlei.v. Utitle in(fermatimes is. avami~iual io emmeti'itin 

the prrfumtioner t Olie time' ~ralsm. p imemNO it 6iiemnlikery 

iis'-miel mlesiiutiest fmmw Ktuad mil ie hiuh i'reforitirs. 

*nx. trmn Ahiprmoisu.it, li~m In"'t noeeel; anti in thie i-ol. 

that the nititk vleisms-ilit-s w.rr me~r' thain o fe'w hoin- smets hyiervel i 

yle itvguns eamros.'sit,..erlesm by de'finitiont 

sin-l fries. NIrgiiwniti in 15211, r-omst inin noseenel %h~ipt Im- too 'is. tnt~s tliwratilmgitt litmitzile, velariticmesal3,5O 

Opuift tee INs'4 em lne ill 

fp, 

1 atzmezz. ves'istte" Wwo grmimezlizi- mu. itigle~r.bintwrimmis.'mI. 

sm,,iisml- Itof -lia gimnoe min 1741; isheew nuet.li'e 

.4e.6pi-iriin r~er... id i.14111frim..% nffmleamivraiftaee 

in mwlhtmintes' hsgma is ft elo' mIsmeii mawint 1FJ -.Al ith 11we 

UTIle P'roblemn Defined 

,Iie'mer ;~1le~simie mnl : 'Igi.t~.im'-lmmrnnj~mea. A -Itio mi' vm tim. INtiloo Astmwis inevtiab~Ily artpe,,., oer 

sleire. SAmqsoe'ial at Ltsv. i.It k Iisem-ie-.. cileirit hade Im-6is c-atieisity a4inct, iI-te.'Its- !omemma imipani tirend in 

tills r.Isi in :sitillr 'v far mtovr .3111Yt:irims. waec si.tlmilr. emuzazle' irlmmm-ili'mieis pronwli tNu t yrw tit. tin mltt. or' 

Ify flit rM'ellesli.04 tir~m cL-r. Ditumna 16 titioimr iso-nm ml. ithlethle-n Nrfsmrler elvi-imii- en'ar looheelooit p it ai itndrinal- f 

e.1iemgeteted iffilem itremles-i l,, wi-n-n mis-veiqles'l. amndI I ml 4:04r We'.'~s an- m-ir setni imm eu ift .m :rtwlwIse-m. t1w lezersios 

fIotI-Ye-r P011 -sirrei wK flat imem iter-n e'smeploiesegitip arim- me ' liS Tiilm m;ev 111- fmmrimmme:ete'e isY .1 .'e'i.-. dm 411iece'f.iem 

,iim-l X111. still, 111112zl6 im-1m4Iie4. Ito 1.1111 (lbi., Stmil. :14 fmmllewo.. 

-m'wsfm ati 1mmI izt ys-in. I Isis. lizee msw-v little' ito am - - ets . c-5ht,..wslsmI4 

.hn-i meigr e jm..t tisr-imap' floe' m-m 11e4 zitt gnfl1'tl' f~ (lre-~ lt.,e,,,. Ow.Ii.ism vm,.,it siin 6"m~ .- :it 3..41M 

timson #of Wl I-eugmil amill glono utv P 

I19-s ti-im..,il~,.l. tm-4.ma.,Io~ 2.

t. W 

to %v, mxo toiaormK rwpjvr#nt.v. ~tNruw: ' 

III Wha t an- the' ativant:,s'.s .4 hylorn.ehoity Awn Iienif io well aI.A.. tin- i, orlisria' that hmav- inem 

k2l What '1-IA.tai arr 6n dia lay .4 altiwieags 

hIAW r HIs&UM' VVIAWiftse' ta SI ve IAV 11-111f44261 11u--f LgI 4k..at. 

e.1' Whtat are Jla' isliv-14,3 asetil 44rviissra fairltam. in In file iWeal taw. to( mm zjitolhs' air mrwPans'e', th 

C-1-1lifilitatiosns? 

W4 Ilv aisat nroa kniowlt-olge'eanton' 

"Avfts'l? . 

tbIt'lem. mea tin' inwallto . .4w nel, 

In~~ste, in' 

knly.ebets' Its 

trujvorlon' is. a wimuspls' lisraalst WWIl the' manxianust 

snwoi.a prwuiretik.- v..n.' anl 11w 1mpor O4 thinitial 

vir~~ily lIabise apla'.tulA 140ols h hoorizinnx st nal the 

vert"Iei rans'. U-tuisally. lhst- 6~iiis.~ aef %w7 

travolatrol into Wrs..oap ME kirtrea"4 e'IuWtiw,'aaw eeauK ton'. etia'Lr tuUiarolitog av o the 

Antiripating at thii Initnt ooiss,a .4the' e'ouewitss oteu ainueapluewue, tin- lim'jeretiir;isoost ths'inarntvhtn.. 

novittissnlei in tin' 64htteiwttsgimst'aginis.' auni m'phsinvoI te~o hirrwmin' trapiell wit ls isse'e'awo .4 initial ie'4.nity 

flhm- hi~lly e'i4ev In... in otiher rhapite'a. Ae* nszsv tueil. asse too a 30) per nat intre..'.. in nusui.' re'Iwilv the 

that hypt-r''icsrity elio. hsave w~sortlswhil.. :slva;ntar-os nus-itiiontrna r 4dss ia Ins's. gion wmimlet Its- ex~triutri h? 

AnsI i1..'. jnvolve' .e'risanio AlilTirtiisie's: anst tiust d the' -miels~s'ing tike' a ratio, #. Iw., lotoih.. UIf romplrijaigne 

latters tien' west xtam ahni tone' in mwnuon .4 t %tiN n looin', in inail.he tin' the a'in -d nutunitvsm efotwdn retit', it ist 

I'fl' rtm' it( the lin Irin ix .'r,"ns. .An is"nis-l.. isv thei' sstaflv fosivirnl that this fetsnatdity =6peincirrevon'rupiedly 

title tai %L6 voillulssn. it we' Van I ial the' CU44W aSIM room with motssissr, %vilaily. 

of guan enwuriimn andi other &Uletrien'stitono to tihe laitte Exesttnssbal-a it.if I -edioi~rivitalnangeminMt 

,'urfams'- iqe. if noet a mrr.' a rni'nnn .4 ioiwintinx the lie .4mt o' vnalorsls if tile guins.d4ane.nt'rny cevoti these. 

le'Irtn we' sAiall have xi nt- a hoiwig way towvardi tin' loy I.t wite~tionp'. M.N'..vs'r. ureter vertical rans' 

roomsptete otilittem 4o tth S vIst'iveni'hity prooloo m. wivoilet elesarly las' d4 Igset valise in rinsing with higls. 

10134C airploans'. Ths's.. lasivisataw'n ame .4o coosna' to lie 

'a. like'ly that uwls'r monea reitnoitiuns. the advantagn 

U A PRIORI %DVNTGF'S OVi wenitill i4ns' a vionoi.I'rlentI inoeswm in %vight and 

It slvbvnstit lop fairl oviv . wins tha a prvetl at high &as Impilrovittl Annar P~enetration 

ve'towit *v will ..estjwn'fiirm at Ii.. hw T~foity. Not ol M.'aminese'sntnedtln'penetirathiin of artsticplatehy 

jbviiues, inrhatn.~ is. the inrilmn'eI e'lfertivens"a. in orv. pnijetih'n .4 tvriattiucen nA' ansi typ"' have' .Jow" that 

'rmi n.mjw.'tn. fear thn' olntem e'knV rx U.'fu the wnan'. the thiknroodeplate thatmnlos r, I ~'tw ltrte'iiera'v 

Wrighst oft s'. 1eipinena. Moine .'uae'ly, the' s'maapurimns am notso rlisil than the ntrikinx YrsIoni~ti, losing prtupos.. 

tn isutie l.'iUtwfevt two Im~r'4'titi',. of ,liIfuen'nt Calibres'. tiimfal to apprtminiatelvi the thwe'-lalve'n peowers ofthe 

t'ithe'r lsavisi theotnme' sIzzle energ (ii Ivisrin lirel rs'lin'itv. Thinn+,tti~inixeknowkn tohutil ppniocimnte-ly 

fnmio two. guns. hsa%-ng tln' Pnicm total weidiat, ianrilsei lip tia i,'elo'ifie's o~nunwa't ablove 3,M0 fpae, pruvided 

asng: p.naa..eeieient. Aniat nwtrsosin.s iiismianuinaig thant the' p.sjn'ik' din's not nliatter upon inspect, as 

the' atitvantasuN .4i hy.pereiur~rity, it 6i ropinsv-nin't Itsa Inseoiht isol in S 4 eetion 11.2. W1ith ,.u'e prsoJe'tilea, 

%poll) themn in tlsn'mt'e'argirie': Krtheat' resnwl' in- .'enic ..lslitv. :nK withosist prne'ts'atCion io ike'li to take 

er."a'nlazrnaiar lsne.tmati~om asnd inern'anee pirvli~aIoility plaew'at vs'ehmitie'n noinwhat abuove the ve'locitiesa at 

tiol' Mi jtIn': lit-arseRt. l(Co'iftruIe Se'e'iin .13.2.)~ iii .~n 'ewsynif. 

Inadi. it ioi into. ilwe'' prisnaviI ailvat'~j.e tbrate' eew 

iitae'rx, les',' wel.l deie'tis.sq. ti:.: Iluay nw'rit mian'fsl s'valn 

s.un.At au-. in,. ie ii~akt i"nlititnen. a .twA at 

an atisewit'. ehi.i%4hnd .453 -1itew'ie ami in itwiml %vý,i'y at 

:iatsinsl. F'or e'-eaillkSIe'.1 e~ije.~laiiia'eI in St'.t jist 9.1I. fsy-..IW f~w -1sd-1 I n.e'l 1". a "(-aia --A 54mik'. -Iuiit a .h.4 

lwn.jm'.'i'.et%.i'vlyat win.an. %ill%. witi 1 .ini.' ini~iat vetw'ity 

IserveI.4it ' Wisqle't?, Awi a -Irtomg.' d,nl'n~tiv.' ,ttir ~ *" .. nmb ,4 64t,,t .4 27 mit"': I-o ta ff, 4irr'i'esa 

wheInn imllg~ilsgsglix o a' i't','e'ttl M IA uih t Iitlisid. Vies i'. -, sinaI 15.1 r6.e a ,IAiatI 1.7-s.snio se.c. widea muzszle 

of Il~p-r~ellitt.. 1M~n. ia limi- 'v.4 31-4 il 3,11111 IN., it. 11:161411 ansiwwjr .4 .ea 11os i*~ INI1 

stg~e.stvI cV. me I %% Iljitsl. t.. jsr-l.'t-0 

seat p'idititltsih 0-. gum, l60 it i" Islow ulcitie' sets-ain that iuiok-k 

';In:"int~.ig.I. 

io nwrv" 1nns.Iic. nontwwwoln v~clnmuaIraa. io it 

CO'.%F1IW TI %

hi*K 1 '-r vrhmwitie.. tl im~r,+-rfih mnay jurmtnite.i evian 

I hiougth IIw- .4intirr. wimt 16wtn* n"aya IN -. .i. s( 4.11 l- 

IN- Ilaftvr the. irjitlowv liw. h~ will IV the, vrirtial 

j.ti~iin- frown t1w. pseiit o4afuin. r17h fiso nur4~ make 

Untamer.. land inLig ,.wts at %hiolol 1juttiolar iafi iIl- oliffi--trru lwtwevis hitting an 44-1w 013 gilt' 

pnprtih. ii. imn-Ewtm. Olimm ftmowi. Th~im wsgd .U mae.biwgiai 

itphe 

ulnwrtwag i.nsit M-rwmi.JtA v 110. SfIt411Iww-J@if llawvv..Itw, .- mai noe thai1 (fora tank % ItM htmawl ftIa noit-. 

sif goin*. l1,1t it ANNOWsblIw nostrol that at all t.-nit iion.,t 7.tunm spoilmjeil.. withi a ntlittZlP ium.itY of 

sohowl J6i1taw'r. ýnwm tarwi ii. gunm. the mikinsu 2.101 fps. fil- afl4vinlh- errwin im thetrfU 

Tr.4writ nussulyr will blave .IirnilliANA~ In swh an es- atl 1.10) vl j,.ewuly ltIfX ,l. wAloilrusihatsmeieaU 

I. ait that it wmill I.. sa.1 lm4eaft 11 us.uty vt~rt A %Wk look- mitmlwuiluw protirtilr .64~ IrmaU tdn wmp K13 

thlern ak.0.9 01ha. mman iii, vr t 41:A I ha.. .instalth fla- 

Flirttw t.tti~wu 6fio.. .u~sr m floori. lwiavi.mr ter I triet..r. the aUhomalcl porwi of ttip t 

.41 jxuqe tils.. haiang no" .4ctwmnusnt-~ Itugi t rar. 

tlo.Siwolr i-ior,+-H . iýw~w z~mi~ru pot nt ~iugstti 

ii, 4491 -%,L 

.'.er n-lRwici~ws .441th "lo-..l- rrotoiiiti in 861431 at 

than tonlinary .erts~im-etilo-o. t- 

av "kayi 1wv -et, fnm~ niiining target ioioewww, mnsq1-one oftile tlV.WWtf 61131P 

an Olniuam-cae l).larft"iwn ia-i4 idA i.34-n. 137.an,su .41 ili~chit. FIN for 11ws w.. mjeirwj.I (1 11toi 1g iW 

Iw%+vfikuhbaving a ttwwpen rnMviwhrror. % h~lil-h Nim. 

Irat..l a 32S Walat id (lapo "it" armor at 311 ohkZ.ew 

R- 1 wr-1tiitr lonL. toolo. apolio.l by thes Mar in thp 

rma4 id a tasikl at U01)U %Ai mns-itg mat 'F.9,4of.10 

iiw-a1muivat a velooioly 3. Wl~ (pp. % I pam a lorm- niph air 144I.t ap mmunlwn.I with Id)ift. I hiheamnud 

jiviir it .4 .esilnr ihwu. lItI lhiving a ..4ee mar. 41141 airrta~t guioutwuv. them ttsmwtirt" dle441rtl3io SPItnotf 

Jw rzttelrthti. oanic jolate at a of4nking velowit vid .4 

to-rurn rp... Alwwve a evnmain s.1..rifty. timpin~.uu 

nt; hooi her-r tile a.Isnnias'w -if hypurmiw~tY areS 

ilirnrsull too j....t , lwmraeidw 111 viuriutt. fartig.. tPPPrarl4uir 

norr-m Imik if;) whetn pn'..-iiur throiwgli arnuwo rAtll v thew lirnititaiwico in weight 4 1 l(n~iu 

plble. The kkr r" o 41ntW olie.mintilo iwt- I lainia4m S14m~il firm-% 4 hildit are pairtrios or dtclhuirlie in 

lout it i.. mem Lmwor thood "wre .me hpfalwimratil in Aririgg at ra,.4.mminot tarp+4'. r sow~ auyhItw, thep 

owh a wa ' that awl pao-i.ng t uIwmilh armior the-%- kimnk aelvantape I litg meww4 n.mw-rh w wih troo the tosto 

uip info a rnt'mrrat e ntnlas .4 fraluwtoi.. wloirht few, ormorip. too 1uilgung Ircrti-...'" Many miathmomtiral 

antuit-ink twe gin effin-five in mtts flotor tank 4wit od amnzlsye.. bavt'lw' ninth. .4ibise Portoiahuslty . hittingS * 

h~~tW~l~~t..44iIw'flnw'nt~~ 

and raviLtia ii~. 

I N' h - ow .4m Iusjwrvelew-utv Imnsetimlil mssateritihs integ. 

it-efait ile'.. oTi.. ain..ware'r m,ý l..plat fir ..inwtl 

rmdmitm,4 N n~m rm~igu hocmi 

mrsoroel rff("eivrrow i.. achia'se. rie fw Pki.wn..' toptl tiowo. ithe netmnier %of hilt. oe Aw gicivo numWora(ht 

weight id Kiln stil imewni. Putt in asisvitlwr WOay . it ix 6. te~tind iu0lie pruetiiomilct.,a NnPowe~r"I the ri'aity 

" ~lillvprim ilile tnicol of*in u . lsimR fti-ri withlsaiwat that varit-i fron the third tit the Pixth for tat-WI. 

,mnr4iaolf theticatal %right ai.'uesl-.ign;tand 

ttim, with a nwewwel cin ittt:,q n in niuleihiitv.tnaing 

in three ilitrorniimrop. Fv-en 4m the mail! Can-S 

m 

wmavzsive, hamse thai 6.. sanriatiti with the third 

ptrwm?, a M) per rent inme'waw in velaw'lor ammo ihaz 

UAInceuatti Pg-ollihit 

of h1itting Tireat-t 

t, the a~t'iimliet- of hit,'. 

hhigiier stoaritirm iua',n hwhettr fini'. .4 fligt ol LntI VUTnhtS LIMIITING USABLE: iU77U: 

flatter traijertirimw; loo.th, faet-teww en' iuaupcaisnit I!- VE.UUCTY 

miaft thewv inna-n'w' ii... ha-bane. t huittingthe floor I "'. 

In autititunk ssarfun-.11 

1-- 1 tisdi itliaal Prohlrsauw to Inw Solved 

1 a Natitt(r tntinift~wy I..atsivn. 

tagutet1%INw low-rt 11W ns'uh1tieilt (he.-n-M.t it. tlwo anicle Ase imuijrmtt(iI alUse4%. the.re i. iats pntticImiteltirfimi~t 

.4f inmpact naleate. fill- rha:n.-e imf mis-itilt ties. fa-that iii eolstieie~in pmreei~til.. vt-heu-eie'- verv sum"h grietter 

thrirewele iminpirc.tt kg.,..hug'ela 1w ri mirre. Ifa~no-m'rr~ t havei ftheeww its eciv-.ns,-eugl.i gigtips wtIf tit. atre ttttif 

itt...,tti. .i~d ~pr~si le- Ir.io i l'ri t0, eil t ha~t ,e'riietilhv limit thselsefo-- 

Iftf ... 4A arm ,,, gm9 .ai imp..-.I J- iti,'. 61:1t 4-:e1 IN- 11-.441111 ..nuplyna-. AmmWs the.. 

,nHir in then.i1 (31S W:,t. Iew I 

Ylt%,imi s w ar %4 

4 .M (1 .e 1 01 a-.. 4 i0 sSh-g- 14, it- oeeg.. 40.. o 1, aiitt-. i iat at. Igg.lket-h *.ltw-. mir . the w.'fluigv vi'mc 

CO.NVF-D)ENTIAL

*441 mm, :1qtm :Im e s'. .0'4rnil lma iglic sto ilm ifi tut I .arm'l. itilmigc. Il16, "Itlizin anmn" rit n ic. As, it !is somorst'iflvem'w 

the' *Irrman'iol .IowS114,:1sl m'iviw..mm mit' o lips- gmmn. athsli v'.lksIkm.'Im'.'ii-vim vrob-iobt" litamt .21,iii111iin .1 awiel 

* Plei'im'.set toChips h'mles' .m.wh Pne'.dcis'. MNt4:u, ollowt thos m'e'umr. MV "sMal -m',mw sperol inc Icntersimiov of a 

i'.4. (silld to .1 m011113t i!Vn'g all ley ,.mpl'ititil m-anrste'lv i'm,:'Zt4hv all ic'h. its, at tritet. a very few themeu. 

istai arit riniN. liv i'tmicatilesm'm-ol. Imm'cim''.mi :Ill ~i I t.'s t ii. lins.4s% Is, ptii'til:.lad 'in Inrep' jin.. Few' m"inmpuies, in a 

prjmic' I.. c1i lit-e." im~xj"' im11vuls e' .'smltsili's. 12-in. flin fi;rio', -it 2.14111 ties. nearly a Ixatted (ift mati'- 

At and.10-c -411 in l0c iii,'IeV oil 4111Sm tM 11411 toitm' ,mmw' inve t srail r-mtsisii'l fitesees she lettrirfa' imi isit'ingitt as 

owlspo m set s~teps tmplow. gthat iu uui& thi plom'(c isn,w Set a o.iuiew nosl. IN- t-rv-Ijn dirspsouIT upie.Uy ýu tle 'tsc. 

gc-iI ba.'Isqs 1-4-irvIMA.1166:.iiG. A*.iiii.'t'c int mta. a ant 11M'qiutn altul riit'fy is Aieit ir'talt Ii't-srkord allupot, 

ItteianI. astii inimi tisq~i.64 it t oalinvniicmlmt' ha ii i lpt ip ix-l q 

14'r' tiny Y-4 imctikicgiiie r ~i anI loo',r :1111149iji4flm i its.m it.%ia 

. 

rant 

di~ai'm init,.iv trionsthie. mwilgin. With t'itlem'-r pl'p. 

l,,'mtlipgi's t1'ý". liinl tnimilitonisf. a ill-E. in an erviledN 

I ives't ccivi-s-ar v ' flor im lottsits -lm-mgisi't Iso'niilis':mll-, tom ny- vivittl'ati.'t to'.tIAtivvtmi'.. lmot otsuim' ve','iiti iinke'i" thr. 

i".linatm ties- isiuil-h is~ itl lips- li~hit 4 fiv I Is.6I -A nma ts's'lis lpinsad. r i'lmamj4m 6ir iut'rn-it.s'. .Anmmtiherili.'atl'.'tage n-~ 

i(4 ties, ~tmiieicvom'm 4t h lips- sva~iA@4 mitsne-b tui.-4-s -iv.m"'s . skidll wmami I~s w':it~immrtitjivm i's sit(1tile*'tiag'ml typie, hut 

picnsstiow', liuts v.sc ! 'nti rot sl44 ill tlw 11. ilm-ign uti Alsmi'm fspor ti't %amustiudlise. gtns' iitsilci n fin- note dlif pro- 

~ww'cs'4.i#~we~is~'.. 

'lhw. s~rIN fl -fsige' W-mrihl Waur j.'swti s' ma laiwllt' i'nuslos'sil pon rnay vrau'c .strppin'g cid 

Ii qlve"ign . stim'- ri Math' asi ge VIN'1`t'u'tt Pr..'V miI lis-i n' natilgIK 1,114.1 ;ptilot 411ag I's 14'. (lisp.. 

t~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iiýi nIie-i, i 11m..ti iiii mt.ctim a 

'g 'ssi*.mt miiiim in it given win itisl oireCt't rit-Iutiffisl to 

Ice'....~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ utmt.lm ~ ~ ti.kgomm ~ mi ~~~i iigu-stgtlen a~ .' ae-ill~ 14 iNIsdm'r manil iMclv iesminiimtly Ino thle minus- 

All1411c th~imasvatils'iiiml,..iv 'I 11!ai *-. em-isi-rloe's'nlst ii.' .e'qsil v. Not. ill ins'ter'l. la~rger A'htm-g's titre. PA*'V'P's 

* 

aM41aVMttt*P Vmamum Ills feni's slisetn i S i ac-n11IImii-Oiokl isV ..may lose hiemjeo~siwsii;mir nd ro tm' ally. It s pr'e Setet 

intwvtaitg ille Vt itv fdv'lw to j'j'I' u ~ 

4 eve t.xsf.. i~ws'*nm in evevbl n'uits a. . (ram 2..BI Va to.I 

tile' flw events shaie ames' liiiiii lael.r Gmu thIme.,, sumlsi' siolowa hat ail"Wts 401111. it 'Can IV' m',qn'te'si that prilgis 

Ase vvrififrio' smfil in-,'? 'in'Iis't it%-' ii-.sih 4,4 nce'asm psilte i nm'tssimevot aii lifi' ;'i'n,.m'mI in Moore'list mil'e's" withp arot~' 

gnew '-Pltreopf. Itssrol. lit rive~ ". tilthe re nrsposison 

U. 

Nveir tike incua'.im. shop, festal vroos~ion 6i nrjt itibi' mlifft'r-ý 

v'est in' e'itacnlr a'tit' mim a.rEnittuth'. It mm greutonst aSl the 

nittixaz %e' i flevtw radil ini ."Itn iim me,'mgmllr cinl' a small 

lhiem'ieig tile' lining mit a gutn. thte I~obiwels'r liinimn attil its fracitm..s dPite #tin' i'u m'ri'iomm in the sarrets'ogen, anepl it 

%him-i lirvi.ltis'lm ths Ice'ur.ijm'sl im'mle it ese- glitee'resn.. A"* thlee FA~ -. t .m mjis .INS' i hmiinl .wMwe ntm xt Itiet mdisazct' to 

-anrie'I tilem, fhin. 1ma,smc'i s'icp're.m'.4 nil( txl gciSolv wi' tmls. ' Its% 1 ino . Althiostieln ties- re'nl:,nrnemnt Set the heim' atS 

rism' prtimj.'itIc: uniti vitaln nstes lov . h'. imssmeliem.Is iln- t7%uz i.! i'si-mall in r-.sestccpn.ers' StithI' that at the* 

.ini li- ill i' m ani. - ofmmct'leimfi. 

rhomi-micllv .tlter-. me 111141 It0 Vr.-IA Ofi: OW 1111Wt'Iml. tIMizzhi' e'm'mc.imlm i'ejme' PO 6 fitic 

.w-1mmrw tieIMP'twn 1isemdmin's. - 4 .4114- Kits. ntlly 4m'i~k 114W' 11A, t-:tttm'i I-i:silki wm'tir) gtt".mthe'Im-"m titarle , "4 to trembllepr)'ijm'?ti 

:&ist mmm tl twimue'. hino-m'm.Il iettisifim'..Ilm'sI e . let M eow.m'im i1f -''m'i'ima -Imis. ley rAlmicinet in initial vow 

ma'mitldiii.to flit- i' r'~iittiK is( t e imirviih-, tor.'i it'.mu at ill4 *t if in', lprJIN-m il. It i6 Slim knimos .' a,- a rr-'silt ul siele 

61rnin. mwltmgmit else' siille-i i mit ct hele' gills timlIm'ivi trm.t iwi .) -s Dii.'.ii I tki't thm,' mt.' imt nimmaierils. 

.. in rmimim tihe tinrf:ssive amiil fitleesr aet isiins .'mitit- tsm ali. ,'im si,-mrs-c ititv %.-ee~'m in. Ib s 111117.21tgC '.'m'oeit V; 

.,'imiso i:'Y~m 11i'l-I'l !P... ili' gi-aillt'limit's. Iii's' 1.h'se. mi114 it i'm ps-rtImalhi11' t 1 At 51 '.i'. himig vem-wlumietiq thill 

A IN 3m a.- 1`f's 11 auge it hligil 111.12114- n'.m 4-rmi Ivx isp' virt sm'ci't rate-it O limi tt flit' fission' fitsiviiar ug-Igin 

mili-i iatimtv n~i-i ii..I. li''m in-r sitim-.dilmrmt-ittno ito i-ri .- iifm'mLlt fliti-' tin' pe -q',~ imiaso linifmmt itoji. 

them. twa's' IN-.'mmmm.' ro-adi ' v 4-64ile-11. 1111. m41-ttim-' am' 

g.,t ,i~liguih ifi i.. li~i4wihuinii .Il, i hais 1 kuitm' mimigg 

MOv thito tror~ flitl.' ot-wigti ts:it's- IAtm tlw' 

jj,ý*- .6 I - A . ieI. wltlotis 

.. . . 

CONVID NTI %I

112 ~TtIK rgernml.Fw ew " I"ENTICIJOieIT, 

I N.Iiitt am 4.. v.afle* 's .-f 1-114.h'jam 11tv 'I'*tailuvrty't~in 

nwa~af'sar.gi Als.tS lt'ist-il"t o.swfu~.aaIalai.a 

aeaaalla Iss- *;,itlootaa'aI if -till Itictu' gmo-osmý .-aalil IMP 

,ass~l. i- :Iii l..:1.3,9 7Tsl. v.aauulul rvalsjirp tiolawm ith 

ntooeolfingi high Is'llimh'rataflri fall toolIy ,'t111atoo,. rall hiala.'r onttaigih linteiaflsolor at iih 11... hal sAll'. a 

4 Do we v vi ho~t. Ims"a& mar asdl. 1laa jiatw lam 'e..4 fossih. Irsvuae rbhIm' e a pinsirrI ad a psvikI 

II.. lom 1 m. thaat ihr Lasalo :in- flutivsA''u Is~ *tIat~sa ..4 

the IWssiaa lii.-. asita 11". rillilic not. lowops'? ietiltlrt- do 

n'i~lat n'.1asin' lar .1m tnmbrk.arawv luo'k- link- a rwey 

pm4-.arfoiI lwasgwtln# a. s-nýAsI. wolol in t1w pei-.ia.Iing 

""gwq' tojon lta Owis %maj *I-ah. .aw'-.1moo-ssil mlwet o to.%I. %*a-rv h O igh , giuh t.&.srkitu amn- mitnin.. at the 

anor lminl rit bsolv iltls'-rt. tlorm its tin a4"imidasatwio 

tofloe mithatla thr lum- winlhl nos vi lwalrau'Isl' 

t4.1.Ia h,..aua ,'4t'rsrtts at aimig liar nwuwy Id the 

IwnasV ifta~nas'aatq ifin" lla. ifi.i ~Kg, ad the' Pe3. 

bhosmitiL In warhiwoome aw slim proolloss4l Imammalt owes jwimh.. olail thmed,..wo pm~iqsivru n, l m ad PLDAkar 

at rmaittvasnnul 'a1w thea t oi'ts'nalarattr. i( dw 4.Iamixsaa In 'atlonvil oil@ I~t mf a.-4 thtan the maoniule 

I.rm4 "Iat v jn' i.a11.' s, illae ano. Male Ci ; am flant fipm' a'arit'. A lss*"e ttiatll.6'o,-eaintileaatiaaf 6a intouti'iaityd 

loiwstw ls4 'a vu4 %Anl aoto a'vntiagntI I.ta 11w tilt. fit ritiol. lay 11w- fatal thist Larp'r poviri-r has,~ atlmoost intin. 

ginse 40( ran t-36i64%. 44sqa'v'.ingita Iatp.ev'I.is. gPa'j.alal ant.giiinr Ieatas'. la-mvrmy, awal P~e ay tleto 

this hm'uillg -4 tIm' gtan liarn' its saw tf thx. aaaaaja.raillo. maailp' gillttalemai. (s uri. thae mvmlral w.o1Cht ad the 

nuditm- lta lag- awe'rnmae 6-isda- ,-whi aInv". 1.so-mmotto 'n. t011.- "agas nifoeasnt its an intmirtasst fawtue that q-iatqvm 

tfirsl 1w~rraeiia-1lr. Vg'als what 6n.10 wrq'no isl. itim awei. jinlt. gaetat.iagnrtillm invigalain the 01% 11ialtaip' uta by- 

4hes hI W, is lng ioh rifts . liii. inte~n-ifiroo. the 96liffliml- piuo-vAamwil'v awla istue Ihe. obis.-i ad Vow hasliag lipet. 

Itim'. I'nsf..asnts'nMtitlIs h % . t. ertv :4nal it is. tlwqvog. 111a1" efflsa'ti'av~muaa. 

fern. feaw Iaraela.,Itla' too otoloctirat. roomigih'to'Iv tim-'. twa, It is. 1-isl"aIa' that Silvia a". 4wa ousill&~-n-t nasittiwer,S 

""aagwt .4 lisp. lrawaah'r pre.Ille'. .4 fll-' iioslit iahivaI pnaLasnw am Ia"e lus-n gash and the 

linsiting (wftnra pansaqat-d taLess saiaiit to(. there m- 

4d k'.-itu. if a, -stiooalffw slwt o ohi iml "ts i pb4b!W .' 

flight I". I l4'a sio rot Isn a. ia.,Itinnimc io ism -f i..n w Ilei 1+a 

.aua-eI It v t'w i-niaamswnw- ad( halrisol titling gnmovs-.. sit 

th tillasaith a ristaingltasaal..on dw im~j.'a'wih. Ite-can a-' ST TVnS OF ruosu:'t1 IN 1931 

has- a0hemn I~wah gl~olaaan-alt nlY ai"mp'iwtl that 

in amlat' to spaltain the %L-tamag atol'm .4 -tin qt( vrying 

frown w'.vvu fti~.a,'aanol rorvishtlaat lame-r nainiats- in lasrw 

'As Di'a.'rryt Yisrioa can As~vontages 011 

limr-lct 

gun'.ga lot ow , tr 111111 rpmn in .mail mras'a. I1wa-tv'~' Tataeuaaaat i~saItnginstiehit I9Jmastl 

art lip in tim-laie It ling nSaiate-na Is.% it.. inte'eaarisaa witla tlaair hir'S ta'is-otfinfltart sith uosamlnere mnatterm the 

thooriffintgodr .4g-nan d.~ el the mminitim in sott-nigils .4f loosest -rinkitoig zal'twvqt(. the aiflsntion was the lark ut 

the t'.anumullf ltavaoiss matmi'tnlo faw seant tng hansloa. naggn'e'aaaa'nt amadieg 4etawlaifill t~.oblemr, so to the sti- 

MaWrowev.r. fatr a givc-n tmoerosiI.-. tlwim 't"aaiite trite ad vaiasatncro .4( gsnaa hatinig nmimi v awitiams 

eapvin foor ,tlaslii % in fl~ithat ii. %erv rinarty liilmrn~ tiam~aI loigitat thaan fIta.-e lw-iagj a-inreiatti' "111ta0 * %Cl. On the 

tip thes vAtparil. It fa41sat,e timwaa'f-ve.'. itae %itla grsn. am', h111111, tIn la '.IrL.- ririlft.1"" that inIi.'ata'd 

ventfiI. nail prsrsoa I ilo-. IaaanI frailesT. i% li kcst% fta limrit OwImm i-ar a.aaai riaa alt~ivatto-o. *s Iwoogaagt uasgt in *eg''ioet 

moisul. 'aalawiti,- tlaut r'an Ia- iiwe(qiliv .'ilijolai.a'l. :anal I2;ateaia 1ut'rlan.a'tinie-, raoin 

t hat ItIts, I ar issIs. tern 1 -1 sota % Iit, 4,10 Illatia iaat, -1 i 6.' is It 4a"si iitia~t'l . thiat Iiailm-r 'aah.-ei.- a.44al1I aifa.' little gir 

it..ýl"I~ hIat Vah.. ' rallsj'.'t fI uit J.4 I.eraa~ea~asa ahooioo noataat n isa lng t cta 'a i in aa'agirmt pWmt iltiewe '"a 5 

anviiy.7Tri.. n',t fat incav,'a.a. r.uigs'. Iwa~h htajrunaetml anti 

'ag IjztI. I l _aa t-itaros' in nian yts aycarte",s nuth in 

L" Otim, rt M -ioticAll L~imuitatifosias gliciriisI.ort II "aei.ietist ilauat %t Iaiaaar %rr'tia-a ranole 

%.a.s aas.I h-' irt-aa ltk . ato pis tavrtivafto sawttal :tirplatn.' 

In tIm' aso-sciI lalts Kasvgim. bwmfia uti;ir'a :ttitlirn:a atic I 4a-lt H' tl lug t 'A.a-itv'aii :atilset 

(.aaa~sw 41..saM.3.ga~aals' 

_ 'ia..ae fle' naI fat 1a Ii %tilla. la41 nail 

CONVID NT1 %I

.killuimove Ito.Sts u,..a 11.4' ~ ~e. nw'-..et..msge1. . N~ita ~~.,.e~~~ few t:,kiitlt fill 

;wv.jeet- ale a ua:rtiiiw nweamrn.. 

IaymreI 

LOSgi. rnt Uno1.rmproolln 

of \jamnrs .,f' Fr.4onnm 

The ,taifltilla~i~nee~ orry'l.ivel im4 ma a1oere4.jmi, 

haoem-lv a. a nv.oih ad( tlw-vio-s . 11w firiti-Ii. whet 

Id y-ea" also pin eoiiih .~ Pabooe,. so(tti ii-I Ct' %4n oritbo- liiorli:,iei po-+ il l :m l a~n, 1 ,ltitorimgie !d i thyleireo wly~ e 

thmhuaie' 'Aill, Kv:It -kill .1114l INwf eie,os".. ther. Ow-tial. loien. natl prusij..riem. In parinslaer. (fit aemliarnwnt 

listh relu OWtmmkae ierostwiwee.elisy eliit tio Ow ... below. d bofafomo.ioeaa4 Oslo I. mo No a am Shia issmoold 

lIsmber 44 a K1111 i. rern"lle.I iliring hfilflK. rot. kemm. aN* fin.a HI'irwtilo. Iavillt ill"- ajwd Might efomelly7Wr Is~to 

memnilmr 44 .11Wrstie.m. hltml l..eee eali (.wwn~lai. ltin lie utf A it hel .. ,141a emieplnemini . nologale. ve'bm4fy l4 

prine-iveml e~--44 .*r...ifv4"`.\1114411Cee ttn-4. sitse. ("oil I.INNI fib $Jxxl fil.. 

aI-r.,.Jieme ad the -iirtinc IY milml~no-i lwivwek-r cra 3 lam tIo fl- e.1mee..ro too 11111. N lIWfll( .I 46 fierlte emilammk 

,ormagrnng ad flu- .emirfawi* lIvyteIlS limit-.a 4pii~ 

ion a lmrttmel limroolrats aml few thit. p~rtim. Skwitm~ 

muhlislK. a lic ,tlormife' mti:teil aaelui ,el-. iilt-1 I limit. .A-.'. laiteDii' I tiSi I.'a ar-aiqetmte. it.. UeixinKulfl.t No. 

it.% awm3. orhaeomn" ni'tsimn toy #1w ieii.-oitibetift .4( life, ima "W~ill ereiioeim 41e141 imluwr eitrilumanere muet a 

aaij varimitv .4 mtw~wr faeiiiie. T. 

~w, .. ft. frdleta.'.* pi loa leadi Html 

v11e -ialt- 44 ln6,tfoo~ti' 

o ote'ia immi.urin.ig. lp 

eti. fieilevl- iti-je)IMe1to prctca l~ylvi-tvehilwit Kilns 

ianil ill 0-:aicral the miapreatveincideto .4oian pri'ffirni~nce. 

fill- I imlif that ioar.iri~aI..e toler *lain Iveel vttie' n-mt l*m liriagr..mm wa:, Simtilfim l too lie 3 toeK-~ei.ecne 

peactivahlth. fiw 6tiit Ia. eimo, neimte ad1.4- ... H T. I. art l Ima % e loe f si ii:.il eeaioclam'.imioun In~j "nre'irle. %it lh th* 

lmew sI.itmae.I fte fluw tioorclmmpnact ad -teel. .4( flowttr that~nhic d3 11w ininrneeinte trial .( p'imaiping 

pom~mrfewveatiom It wait Ihimeeght in theme slayf la l anjm ill- mlirq-.1" :meev.en Ithe 111.1 inep of himrneemi soreoo NO t 

huliaovenwroft .4 .ewfaithame like 5 iw-r ic-nt *in eraruieiei to- eNe-Imle'l. *flti,.:oasithiucaiveneture wav~e emtc'tl jinto 

rootn,.Ijnee wemila n.1cn'-f.el a wivtalieloile gtittil.7" niithtowfidllkniowledwlgmiv~tlmeiw oniple'tieve4ofthe sub- 

Thie V-ne-r-I :111itililc. ;mI..r Ilm the it :ar mayv li, rhmr. jirt. aind a fn:.lizatime ad Owm ilifliiamlliem tlint e~ven exfortciarail 

a.. a t-ienvtip t~ikv a .m~ie le~tm-4.a lIt-iileml iici-tigatifirw weiethal enartcisnte'r. if thry iva.. 

miontior Vkew .4 t1w errli.-in proitt1eim inan Ito toim viiiaiciU. ,le-rutek tea ,eihte ImolthlenAm int a twIfetill h tich wti they 

tIme atlv-nnt -ade e4 1w Imigiher vaewuities th:,t %imimle Icer %ei'n nut famiciahrt anel in ithlich 4mlnnaurto eamirt had 

pri~rticalie. if aermsamn ormilel top minnie far lVotrl-em~i. mtittle little- paiwagri-. fur matny yewli. Ito it wa..m the 

U.S 'NDI)C .Atimek. Problem~ in. 

41im or not we.ll ioties-1 prioileore .mE NI)RC t~frewweent it- 

P4f witl% ernlme:,miiw. lirtijert ad any knint that racasai'W.L 

Cmlortjrlornsi~ar Way w~emrthuthijle. awml it waae..cviilent thlat a tl,..ricitsh tax. 

gilotr "adtti flat-e ,'tmvoili;oitu-e.4 int( ral im'mporetmimg the 

Initjially. door Natjitetal l11ifri~t-v Ito-cars-It ( .eCtmit. a'st\iilj pimag ,nwa; tte,.: Ie-e-am'V *'he'.It. :agztin' a. lonjg 

ter [N I) l , ..mtlaeritis. pri'. jiet, ad di* atet itl inmate rt. tit imliieteg war. tl Is lvill-roo,.leit * 'o pnirate mn Iwifle in 

4631ce zjtiailee minalitiary itewel-. Ali: letetdcIlen om 

the. nat tire .4 i',-wtvli al iit-mfiorovaep iint file locivcmie 

waitm an ialoitmit i qa.nwl fter Kutýa lzm iameg im-fter lati'wifi'm. 

solve. it wave grna'r wtll knai%%l th~at -ei 

,~tTets 4 imE s irentsace tra-l,,airal e'mlclia-tiev fin t1mW part 

4 1 14m,, mltlitilt1iree adE labr 1is~nifelta neiimick-.. 

vattorml in the -A.% .% f rreclizing Mon. q it ith hirl,,-r 111mzzh1i 

adsjie,.nd NDI p~1( tiate* oal,.r:,Iv Iui-iiatirel toj 

,ivw lmpn. eftTwt. mid t, imnuee tin lil-nm bfIt~.. tinnr. 

lain valtlia few tive 4-ruin ct elmrgmiry w fe fitve- imma ~ \ I`tPRMCIIE tS TO tct)ll c ul .l 

tiono, ;%meel pie-licn~nmtro t r,4tb-io r;ctti,.n offI fle %%lfI iltlea 15. ( Cl" itatinma) Ne thiialin - t 

uiattir r:tj-ei 4A , eI.,l , lo ti IAN-1I.r it --tihld lie 

pvoahimi wt tprv~lifle f.,r MIC )Ii( teoItlifil I,-cigi m Mc.w~. Ivuer vIii.4t ii. ,Iilitlariti :an- :cee..tlcpalioi.l 11Y 

itiowil :m1i mo~tn~t~ fu-r tliii-lloti,mt -of I.. iti.-.. ,e-gt i rwairr ent-mee. 'liii ltrttimlA ilttaimaitietit ad. liper. 

pr, I lm ,14ill li- A miI Iti, f,# t, I- m iim pal 1 e d ý,-Pvi~r 

CON V OF.NTI

-.- rie --- io-- 4d aj-k "-"- lo ta. fl- (crooo.o- ---. A 

fansiavolm. Faostia ma '4 or.1a1 for. loo *loning It* a m eigr. ant naae."oilvo. far aowr.%4mwtm *a( thria.U few exmil 

%ntingmy'musnt lie atr rivlingnmvim. A .,tita m~plornlmoli* m heiveseks ba l:vem.I swapl 04it~ (tiari altrattioesm I 

th IWer vltqail Eus.a ,ansplo- no. mmthe-I ""N 4-ianw a.,., s higharJlt lno .1mw. go Berm un ~ .asfa 

Ialoo N lla the 6aM.n leram a e t 4 .asw 1Wuu aItoIimod.Ietm &anrapata Mowtap. thAma pem- rMewpa 

ItluImam with thef. lnamiole,umu4ham. m. nes~wigt .atai..mJ As tanno-4wa the larva.ral(ar"I 

Cam 

tialeo ma or le noWh wni is. n ol wa L won. a4 prwiln.. n64 laltV pr" t 1,P~ri-1 tan~ 

thism Iursead 11V w- 4-vfo Is.,..mrt..amslli. rovIAm.su Irsinas ..- o u*R 

'' hatgww1 th hato Itraon Mimnma* toaipt-rotti used .pre tool fi eti'o.%od v tlli(te lr 

Am-rtr sikl'.rtan I nal. ti.o .-imjtsuawiglly Jiminiar. ati .i-momlaiast live server prioecf alamul th e f~wqkanr t 

tihat a s.aff pe aw.I iontim a ienmvow l gain. th pvmww'.lnby Iaaso mdeapmtsh t twpraewsie-lm onxmamnn 

-M+4o 1. p~am elwif - p'o" e i i'i'g (ow~fa lnmlv .4r nl-Mb~ nevert.he. twiti.o ris.fling. .4* Whenital ,mIF 

* pioireq.l~aa. in ha hs1oovnt ei molsu fl.ano k aaat.raIn lowftemal an toam ris.. *nuhr( five loom ferwam fnu .I thuff 45tv 

ias. S 4 toitwl n 1111"T itmigolit ofa(tOhiomaillove.itita~ tam". i~n.4~~ 1116 ".040 purna a.i lip e rma~ and 

thooiew4ve. arwi.niwiowth while ina roallahte thieve deri"e 

LS Repleaevalaif S4tee 11"e" kionwl p~oesnr am laiiwnweve in U PlUT X 

to ilso. aim l smeaarwwalontiopn4 y~.d. in tder .arlytho S"v . rr.~aiiadPci 

e4 I~i~i...am I thut tIIw w.. e.m tshe h%-pi-rrtAmitr 

garvm~.aaa wootlo I.. the wiagn wa-r smtr'. tllrmew it vos.tW. It MUIn here'a Move la-nt thoot the' ;"trw~ic" in 

a.oI of se new ,ua.. %..w" 'aam-ri,.iv. a lire..s rimwaolhe twm'a-a the mutaingt lun and the. later, "mttface woo i 

*Kiwauab'sI: anovl it %rMU vesgr.lwmrths.Ith It,, inei-rvoi. inepta orat oaf wwurrtqamimterritwaraisma(I e Uthmterfavol. ni 

gair, hlairvinchlg~ thy flor ril.,lia *4 v a '.bowt .ttps., *a wimetg trio. the reiasgraing .4( thie hand at 

-in-I linur. whirls riasuml Is.r inoe-uorsr' in 11w Imero' sthe~ lika'iv tag oeionvag the tuiwface. looaticalarfr Ivy flatterr 

lw#m-v'eh aeswl anal, % hwn Imletl ' wow". lwmomptalv n'pl:ktlml ins tho a.. last.; anmlW f~w(rirtimeal hoiwt eveopriniveimorm 

Ivy :1 nrwlo. a . Ile! fimi.'. Ia-aue.maos. i. h~wri " ina *a's. titoma that aitkiairel rrom the. hope posowder xem... vii 

o anante.stý all atlvi-roe. thermal Pfa'TMs. 1; 

eeibng nrirm prailks~ikc'.. that iv..e's for Iolathe. 

Ijtip qio R e~ mm atman t 1 .mn e'.rm an ti C o a tin gs. " u t~ h e N rif lng l ~ 14 h e" r nvrhnU s ifew a'#a Ortm 

j am. 130.1 adsoijidovio 

The ..-Irvii..n anall deIm-phplo"ug 41 id latt-iialve thut ulnitalr..S 

w ill r'-i-t gain iv' coia m minim imeW %mI r,po.in a Ltoss koleA-por I'ah.ans.a ntwvamlPeireile. was.. hoanit 

.4l tme. natmin' of gtm.. a'ramý..so anal tlw' pairietplas Ita*y its I*r a .aaa.err's..aah haisl ls.'e'moota it offeras lb 

slairil t i.. "Uw-a~rlat. amr'Wam:,t it. R-in. Ill t.nal I%',,( ast~anto( .4 *.ajamring cM~. .tIaf m- ff.ata 4la1W t. 

the. Im-o-iluotinc vlmmna tanWk.'aa milm it isle fltls.ma-a-riptiaaat fla. powailtr gave and thtwe. alms. to thle- r4tnting forind 

.4 IlI". lsaaia.r n-.eaan-h talINt4aalotam fli-. part .4 11w pmroofs. .'m, tOw n vioa.aa, r~a~'it46. v it Isromme. mitialn 

lo.... It %-to nomea'-irv. tm a-. %c-1%ite.r a, l i ia(fWa11:1 Ijif." aNmPn. thast tipe prarltriam1 ýl a rh .4 .l pa-~ana rer-tmi-e ilt 

mi-toivit iic tw6 t: i- t -oim .( oI..t %A trv ý in ;m i m g111 m111. 6 masmah ,.aalm.amaii lov it-amg tlIax.. in ciongaanaticin % tel 

mione1-vmimig .,ttma-a f,'mtimmv ..4 immtr.we hrtilj,.tia',. A. a a lIaa... -airfam. pameaiootil (amen tlwIs. ta.,.e-r gpase-a Tho 

n-maltl' 114 ta. imta~-a .ldi, - aoo, aas-m,.it a-:.. 1ws.. mhiomnai~mn platte 6 int*mmaset theil. jmmmamlmr m-lW.. th~- 

-04i ;1a tlalt a':Il, m .13CT ma dII Ow ~ Ii4 Ii, tin.. ltism.a jmn agr -i.a -a l Iisj'lor ui- .. alm omte r mmm. i aaaa- emia.'l det 

r-pl'mtmar -manit f~.a mm.;ib. 1. .m a-ia .am-n-- l t. mi at mi-t mlavwq, the, *llaa; ala'-%itv.. a. tinallY oill i' t hom I vei,. f~atiraI G%.m. 

;otool fta lie;, kwa :s mnlimamsamrY-..rtj m. r i a'"i. o"a..a m', il'l C (itt lmotara1l. a-. m i,tm.' l .4 t ix- mmana-tai~a~t 

0 OFDETA

.6Tm %1M A W PWOtmLSW 11% 191 Is 

.Itri'llp4'. perimerB, toWmrIi War ti. Itenmarkalule reoltm. aerpt 

errefltrol too a 24 21-mw,. ltym-fro-iamn Kilo sw-dm li the 

(I6vmmmaam il he African tratullaigUwhgpiifl the Itritioph. 

A~ msaim.4 tafft-tv, a i'.a enitemt na'nna of %tans a ligb:. 

"Alwisi-igh rle'a' almi tiwn'fis tin'idmianing Iiyjlte'i'hw. 

A~ pn~wj't~lm with Rang.'.. ,tmo.kafla. its 1Y4111Y'I inU flu.. 

eti'r as it Iaampow.a ltirnum.41 litu, twt. .m hich all itr a 

smart is to-iml tuw'u aino "a .bento in ortr~inet'i" in the 

itr inm a Pantanibml giii. .1ipnj tiii' om. it n'pn.. iiin'roissim it( time nmemule. Time fatrilmer irn't'aiplatin fl. 

meet a rm..w isles:. imating hltmm triel misti nzmmw yv'arm Pilch, gines rimt-rly wito. a inaem"mnry part ial the hyper,' 

sob.: but.- lavaln' tim'i 14IT.'mi a ibpommiaiit%'r 44 site"r v'irhity' prourism. ijtth* waxm pO rili' kausin. aimu" 

sa~ae~m~~auqw~ath he pnri . sit 4hu..4 491'g sal h priela , e'ilist toor 1ml 

%ohile 9 niake a sn'rimmma atteptl tis, ilt'ielis~ .t pane. .'tretivi, gwrfoomnmumnepr. ow' 4 h idwimifitflfltiire 44( muins 

th-A l inajtrtill' #of this kindo. Fnl~amnismm..till'. sitch a with 'Ihe laten tnt"A 'i n visrionip wayov. It-ihmi. .4p the 

pramVie-ik. rsol"4im .4 a mumlaimlill'em" an. .4l eitlai'a~tes4 imivtgtiuom y IN~idi44 I to an t:.grt'i-loola. opine 

-or toimmmgwnt.ar.'"ri. solinmorscl in lowhin laon, ta malaise, stmal pnmjwtvilea will Ia' fimmns in (tlmngte' 30. 

whmis41 is. a frnsona'witr i.4 wimme mitt, iadibhiiflot as lowem 

that tit- tim.' itiom' aami c'arries. a ritumtinit lbasnil. I'ompm .La Odw Dictwtm smti Proveromern 

loai'ilt tired, time Proimjirt'ilm. Prow'a~lb ith the iviourity 

atapnoomint.' In the weitghý ut the awmjupi in oris~ima Thew airwvmi'euil imthm'tinPPflsposhe that wowe ows't 

lti the pmmiwils'r rhairg. Slhowily amfter' leaving tm' lo wiIv . ma~aalrt~a w 

ivii-,wm I heat %Vir twi ac'tiv'ely ex.i 

the Isa... anit ,,imiliarv ar. fuir1Y itof hy .infrifuiigala me. Iin-m' tiny that imagamiaiu~in. aitlmmh imightf mww u then. 

themn ow air n-mi..tammee. andl tive mrrn gina'.. imn torwasl the ate' odion'umail in vaiatiuoa chiapter'a i4o thimai vualume. A 

targitr. It waso n'"M'a~iiwt finmt a rmie a I timr infiet 

.4 ooeatI atripdr .Ii4k- mpmet wasthini top wn'mvaoar~y in 

pamalpribant tit iie.'roitpa.'i en mqvi'iitv w~amkl uolm~iviausiy 

lit' .( Wo'at nothantapp. Eato ituprimwel anititinf raiglt reiiitiii'tr 

finit '.u- varitot l rt'iimairt'mimnitm outitI so. 1fali~lt m.ill froam Ikmwm'r Ouanbe tt'ihmjwmnitml for h'aenn trits.. 

id the lort-jertilt' amid irt gct..'ml time n'.imsmitir arrracyi' lnt artivily. Fuima-i i'-nmmn'. a iwltm g'trnr 

.4t thme amhoatm. itinn (luipter 29.) fuor a gtive.'Iatit wiatsidi ,imptifvahk t'it~ the tde'. 

It 6 no mismi nmianaeihyit. iamiaiousm that the %nmviia 6. a mAgn to hY~-vp'n'imait Kmnapp. Suetmmnw... nmethqxLs for' 

trow aomatmmtilon .4f the iaYlptroveiiam'ity patatlvems. in the emmaolimig the latin' ...mrfa.'t. .t time mntin' biarre woumi 

of.tor t. rinwitlinit Iihti' i'r eix'ti.m. with r'amavoopsimte mii'.~stevai the to,'atltime tim iruam-iun andit w~wimeatt ini. 

11a1lf1 .it161c . m t . a.mnvntntn.tha itnn mm i.'timer ilifiemltico with hligh-lpimwer guana. "ipe. 

Wilmintg lariorg gamaithr 'itrha'p,' with iarinmntierilmv to n'ta. 

tivci'rl'tight wieight. it migiht .iplwar at tinmt lgiane' 

riamliy Ilthiaciqpmera;mmg at a highm rate .4f fire. Inasmmuch 

aim a part to( tim. tuitaltit', aeri'inmg (noin high velocities. 

that ereimlemem wiamimi offemr the ... 'nse liimmitamtiin ass it i1mw. an' title tofim ll- am.'iaim too r'immi'ntioimmi natatingp hounds; 

in "neunIftimhflal guen.. It tismriniat mt. hmmapver. that the maim time lame', s~raoi'vmm. ammmprvwco rifinte anid hmanding are 

poiton nvmticw'tntlvl varim'ty' dE tra,'i in a gumin, wo~nm.4l' etdimtm' .mtp'mt foir iivm'mtifrmtion. Still anouther in. 

that nealr thve imi'vlmr cl'mal, tk-lxm' nism imil tin time rat.. tlove last isf mlevmei'.m(e la.'pprnh.xaI aind inves.tigatmon wasn 

to( prmwmi.',r -arm'itim lain' Iminima-fare than .too tihe w'iight 

mE timw pramjeo'tit.'. ('unmeitimentii'. with as liglatw~i'igim 

tile "tPAtui'"' imrmi-m'tiie, lint whicith Add1 ed 'ioitr, is 

givens tom the' lin+im'i't-it.'mar the et' tmofm it.. rit'amen ky, a 

promjec.tile'. tile erona.'mint'v may wia. a'tt' toa I*- t~imih rommket aftta.'iwi lti towim lmi. e 

It",.. thman %%qxihi formet.n'ammtn'te with inmvenmti nalmm 

gIlm'amigrmtiatan t4l- .a'rminig at .-wn','gv' !ilptMi mmm 

air' ve'l..altn". I".m took. rtn':nmuic th4-ha l.-ro arn' pnmp. S'i1'TUM OFi I'itt)I NIi IN 19t6 

erfy noto-emi'm ammiong time fmmmLnda'aat l mtptm..rowme sIL, (:ariil.'atimia df Adlvammaa~gi' of 

tea lime prac.tical n'niiz~atimme (ofi~mrtia't' 

hit-'t'.igaitimam.. mamtutlo-:iaLenm i- D i ii..im I manmd as the 

wm',ht iri I~~j41i-t ill.-It hatsmu a ~m~ilcit-1111 high laid 4rtum ema lamem.. ,-i-mmrimag moimmimig lo hi'lhmt 3 .%':mars. 1tom nilvan- 

COtNF~IDENTIAL.

%S 

n46I,4 etizin twm- d.n-loie. i~eir-arn iv:i~l4.. oo4 lite--* nol. ing (".w-a e larinaingemtiwjilunl..topJrotaelacp (i~l I&e. 

vani~tltv'. Ktv A4rli~wo ML.2. a I-on e oarwi-Gornn miii. 11w ia.., ilalt,-nitt,na(lI Bu-lntl-emI IN.. "..4tel'n'I I..KIMerfiacv. 

allttultu.l in 1l.11.ll tiwt M. 

n-aie~ .Iiilt0-.4 a th' 

wow lla hilt.'.4l41.1111t10 ts. flum~c'r~l...wil, 

,'I.-t a 

We nowlempmn"itv11thel ttwa'a.iaunlevldr ,mt .mtaPawV. 

aril t. 1 wt 4 #" .4. a .if is111i l n-Afltf .v~ .'t a N.jza. 

in whate WO-eAU INV hv.Pcwwutwiv twiw'w. that its. thevos rte.r pnd~wThr reaw nwer Iw- ml&4 tba~b~pigit 

fe et rwwGi 3.511111 "It. opts lithg "Itg-ropr o job I "h".tJ~an~ 

Vow antitiank warfr v'. ba toiwviv personnel nm,- faa' 

aoefsinii'".(Il a11plwati aG. 4W fier mjM-af ariniansoew. 

lai'alimini~imingtiwhml lo-t a rah uanita c thrtyworpe~efairr 

tor Ity mon.ie tsiiia ione #or' a rutitg that its suffil~'e it fly 

th'rW its twv Igith iii :4tn c 11ifawnitn g, itsr INV4iq frie rl-euirteiv im-'e umi at thw vanwfn tim.'I or n~rartury 

itgwon-i"it raionvenis eatll vIinot. (:n'ati' rnnwi-. aint- o.waawjg lis witlW'aom. siilliiitg lowhuaag. floor 6m4~m 

ph~i~iftWW P1 tu'~afl. itioriota-ot-aI l'..Jantwilf la-nat at I .Ai*4wvat'hii iseooai.. &G.J inta..Tam 'e 

it( hiltit.g a farp't. ew.'fr "a~m-'tm'4t a fNa.t.,awvisaiair- is a-en" terlm--wem porJoim,- final. ho6 am4ittlmius in e th 

plarsrn.'. filel amploan asklantag li-i ti f vu, st ill igj,i.r. lts knraM htg.' that horses the 4raid..aa~i i-O Ima4'haartiveni'a 

'19441 t. Ow iwJ~miaen io nt Pos i-iiirh fin a''lii~tt- the novelin tta-itw i4a itur owan miting dat4alo-t~atehaj.ma-to..t 

ad Iqwt~ ,twoit etuii rnit isatoo tim l fni looa I"' Intsphn.'wr. 4w a Covinlwnatisin S!f lives w l "nit lainge. in 

mwerin. $I( arbio-ving tlm'ni. " I liv wiwilol moti, iftul,'il la.* file- loriferatie .4 floor luaws' farifu . Too 11w".' pervlo'nlo 

ici m'imfa tlai vi i-iialisr time' lk 'n 4t ihrt fifteen-" wema v a4.l a Ithini. % hia, n'ua-i,, turn the enter to( mumso 

tow firinng lwvs~vils, vitii an timitial %.eI44ityoif tie aens't'n.m. AIsthostigh in II41 the' Ctctc-nl to) wAlaie 

momw than 4.1191 (loo. anti finilte posauila' vmiii'v than nmus* mvdesaa wait. gm't-alte't tin ppmna wous PA. wedl 

54111. It r-un Ia.' a'ttionsa'i Wurit- ilint time warleo'wi-sol hi.ap. Lam .a ri- t It'le awieat 11 n Vewt n maw 

certicniia oama nuseislas tin thi.. .wmtaja'. toamlj.'at (.w fnnwpurn ak-lute it is. n~ow knowAn to vmary 

Lni NI 

New 

-e., CnstStn 

6ýonoe& 

In aifn am'tr n'ly Wise sit Ifmeaastle o4,x-ifY afulcaliber. 

ntna-m. itis vaflutiolo with inmezi vehoiatt ii ]evll 

trorisedg igl~npfal-temUrlutjtm 

to aminma n4witia of 4.41N) fpa.- touermii it wilt IWegu 

Tho raivivoinirtnte~ailtow lornts nihilrtovk ftatirel 4iiirkl i e lop Iaid 'anri n-vn arate' importancae with origin eroaithe 

raisum' unt rim' #Id join a-reiai. wh , mmaw so ait pome.acw unit l n orai'ave-w the 4alauminuting fiattue. Vie mlii 

amlieti appromacho I woith erionfiaoloi-nr door tauak .4( nak. hart'.-imilirim-n italw~ttilag 4the nature 0( muzzle 

ing ru-nI paaqtn' in a lie-lit new unit a'trangu' fi. 1i144n. a a'e-ilom en at1.1ain't pramm'eng o-:atla fur the iaviictanee of 

&+I1. inu hirls .igniiia-aont ailvano", hail neat lw-an niaala' the oliffa-irlev. 

law eminy vro, e' hasar ftlu- PostiAwatioo t( .4kaioming tuat 

theor nivam have' a pirftam' dif in ae'nm-nm tlia# t Lrk-artyr 

71sa-ow- varlaunt risma'hi-jaits fin the nature' o eu~movumi 

.'moiata-aI partly fromn wkell ott-lu-uled tre.# and piartly 

O"aeatinal. aithoeArnt nail ruspimiai- in all it.. ik-taik rnom loaai.- n-".n%-ans .0. it uwve~ inta-rut"al .ia'ie-to of 

Tlsei ran vjignatifr thk- ,w'evral 4taisa. in gInte a'riai-o.m. 

finti they ran, ,liifa-ntinta' la'tw'-evt tihe- nstisra- unoi 

ji-tgaim 

pruloctilsl. 'writr .4( twiK515 o 4i'nim m thestfx 111%. 11:1aiai iusl 

mnuizle ore-ei'n m ion dottoi.-r. It La mown ioteita ,t,-inite 

ti~t . rnaiacrna- th ~ri~naa. zu-..w i. 1w -ru4,m4 

Lot. Dria-lcsornent of Se-icrl 

olutitanot. iii' te ItIyjwir-vellorit vFsmProlem 

guests tirm-isal orfa'rt... inriamuling ns.-ltiisg. uti~la'a M1141 flee in~vo-.ixatiim.. .4i IDiviifi I tiralent(W nwoairla-lov 

tn rhi-nairal car tgatl. err th Ow pnn -ii u-milaievata kmirn W'lg- thait %a.. noteil , v~ inta-erroting and Paeigew.* 

u( tajirnin ,'na-ein. anal it i.. :,kwa :ippian-nt iiirnw w.rtw-r live' lOfaki l.r .4( gefrtialn vauiae', a.. i-.ala'Iiaii tvatc'u. t,., 

furo o IN.1 at,o aito Po'.0 anal fliatieonlil Ia4itn zxs.'aaii:.al Itac f~ive tl.t tIK- rt-u.-a,mt.asl rioncia-.aucs hal to the 

with noatating laantila. ,ente'r tiw rn-rnoeiim ,saitle'm. In p,"aa','fa 4ii easialronpuwtitt .4% ,itcu-'afail. ut' puteeitialtv 

31udiiiot , i.*t i,-.a-fal 4ii~terios-t ia.-lvn t:,ta-ti area% iiiet nao-ti-it u.efuisl. #,(esiem. a It tslormO'oi'a vw t proiulviim. At tic. 

the' 4witvia a'nai-iin id Iaighlaugarw.r, 4l,sw-fireKim gru ach-n' tin..- tDi%-si-ina I aiia-amtinfim'al it- irtit itie vari~wais 

ties- .n-arett a-fla'a I a Ia .4 t( fli' ati:0alaai~i rriuv lien da tae niio..a Iing ttii-a'- "Aulai iiit -t I~it' l~inl lic"te 

lumap. asiw I list-a (Wictina ilttie to4 asnaitaia, gIC.1 tiring i'tlrn-aa-l li. I hea "A-al tir'. owt n5 afl in ii aan~ fa~ -t al' d 

a- A Jmvoom-m~ .4 1I.w tlrtaia4 

n':,rnl% ak.-Arilpwc1lorio-ifiv ins Nta-tian I.5: 1i1& n-puare'. 

awa'1v.."t4%4 'M it116 J+tp-H attc' 4.-Iai1 -t,'i'l Honw'e' aI i.riat- .d e"'.a-ium-n"'i-tnt 

os, .tinla-W in flu, .1"ail'One'4 ItiIJ.Ko base-ew aIRA a',atiI"K., till, ju--1a %4 pIt4riaaa ktu with 

CON FIATI U

,hn~..mm~u~i l im~dbn.. 1114 t.. Ma .h'r~ with .4rhfl v..Ig1ily. fi-ol..I ;2 :1 frosua.n 1 lw114-y 11luid 

fltlI1 1146M. lIf.6Nld Ol f. '1 ti.. the u~.I 40je. 'lle pnu'.'.l. ' VP~m 114:11 Un .'Il.,1 11i*u l 111KII tIttp 

teemt Von voilk A.i"OR! tuj..m.w i thew A-tmr .41 (&on- pM.fl ,v.t:. 1-alltv f~wNurttan, i,.tCIim' n ti. 

e1 it ~a 

4.... whirb diwamua mwaeg. m i. wei.. 

laia..r Kist" pinvidm. anol 

Wrivi4tha bg hewr I..*, mitmimPA 

1 40l..m. .40 'Atdlit,. N... 21. waxn larlvipl Able 141 10,1 riiiit'i. 

whirls ill llw~ist Wrri.70i rniarblitw pits hasg~ K1v4'fl a "l,f. 11m, fi.oo wmn" I let igtt.gi .4to lorn :.1461tint.. afrowmnt - 

tat. si I4 tIm neachim.-Win liwvislo-n thlit wao vitiW4.(%444 44f retgmol~amsm.e,~t: mntro~hm. Its the. l-nr*41 lmiIlIIm d4 

tot d tae intn oil l1msitg s-'..tanitlar. Sivilit..Ijtwel ma1. Divii.evwa 1 no4thiv rotiwtorrh la41 4liKttH?lK .hi t+.p 

thiar am"w e~re nlantW.Im-ltui~tswt rlthe 44404.. tm(11. tWisi warn nmm'1'. 

1' wait at all tim... a jeedi. 

WWr. 

(ltise. nistemu..ha.. 

ciuaicn .wmaisaltift .4f IAT.t in f11mw two$ 4hinwtijda.g 

49. the. prat-tirl attlilins1wn 41Al file fiswttw looming t1w. (rnitfwl a.nm e4 nw iýokqo and 

hipmnt4rniy WW 7.1lj oo41%. 4,4,haC 14, vari-fl tin- lalir tied-1 nit.:otona . ami iswfe . l . Fitew ate as 

towt civiliatn -sat Itil itltary Smaw,1,411r.ls ti.qu 1 diola moomI no. gwnsipnitng rAmlv. W44V folflaitwol with ,.tdtlitg. 

nale raniripate .. tm--lve- :n thim..iI4-Atiltfti4on i.4 thomme li 11r.. lan. were 1141 In.... delve rowr 1iu.~ 11Pnorliwti 

moria"4h6. jirwhtdiott 1.' llso teit~ot.4w1 in 1't-rtieu to4 ralilm.. ..W onal.-biw-tatt 4M .r with 0444-11 linervo; 

1&S. w~~hik. at the. Patati tine. (tinim. itvrl~eig~1ti4mm OPW. 

cml9NAik4.I in ionler v.. '-tarn mwemn talwo~oltlw Nimbi41. 

mmial lu4ha.iow .4 this, miateril sitwio. rervals am.ns 

for Attacking~ lDificailt ()r~lsanert i'r.,bim'm nwntn .4q tw e."mit jitil fa..~ w, ties- roootltianj vm.4 

Tha Ib~t kuna'rak.nlwtie l~~i~... lii 111 

wool*n* if f(iolI14mnu~. ear. awill .kIvnvaruI 

4tiav4W At atydeir lostim wnvent nit matter what tOm. up. 

lwtora'. .dlah.a u o'smim W"..4 ~ua tolo ti waved 

worthisk it fairltemraino that lit- 14oliote u~a'n-Aammo. amuloluv liv malm"tmmmimt awdt .4 vai o~ m *, .41 

ablyr 'aisaro It mnildot evenlot Ieb.litivin.I th1 

whm'm'cao the. KxmMul) tl 4i14itatm, itimps irt -it 

.gaaiaitanve~ with the. fkeld A,4 pitsm srn~asj anti Iaijsrr. 

Solar kin tmalw.uat. 11wKrhi~init jhikenw1I~-rnistht per. 

lilaa, Im.. tIarriloeul a^n a nm,qhlttioim tie "lean neither to 

fuuuli~i qplitfimnunew tolt tim ttf"ln'uitltfl rt'.,41a4V tiosft." * 

CON Ill)I:NTI %L

* ~PART II 

BALLISTUS 0 

-A&eNftdwS%"t 

CONFIDENTIAL

M~apter 24 

I'JIOI'EJITIES OF P'OWDERJ GAS 

LI I NTRO)I. CTION n-mailt 4d .Iluuwintive leaig lanlaag..ntin. f-uta.iopn ow 

T t~aIEI~aL~~~aj a~ri~i1saamwan In towan 

id aqsmaularyn mariopmn salaids oataiss'an caoaaljasg 77~aa 

an- n~alaivslr Isoiuainolaft., astmi will Ise roosaaialrolwa 

T bol-ii whihrie lua iargaal rovifiw"tga saqirruu o~f fsh amnk ;nillo.uzaliv. 

sto,gawlviih n-itzrlabk pawimnv e. Tuer ivaw utftqW . I? III imsoplanttoa moor Omia~ina Pkv hit n i.or in& -. 

5 1 

tassk-a"te 6' b. norhi Ia'a lbana 11=t .4o piawdlar. 11#al Eshe ellkI fis-a.4l lat~ all as l alaaw p l5:no. null can l ist prt. 

trowliti Istikavot5 tiaa-m. %".wt :si~ niiiaua41. atuui fiss' iasI san ud kan L-fImly li IN-rnasa I.. f aelaaanipauwitioain ninewani 

naglk isaitaatjirsni' 1 lsm 

lix' Impisaa 1".arv in rosgasalolmaasa Wilis 1I1a' laawtlaka'; fill- 

641a"as aIMM..11 mm laS M*-aIiuijfr oleaasa at ionliotary temper. 

anlsn... Ti.. ilaitinfiamn ado(a ~aan~4Iai ~~~ a 

pa~la's'i musat firstI for I'apowilrol.- the itlsen".4l~iat 

mIsetustiartoOn nvuat torilker, anotl assallr Paoit~alah. arast. 

Mrail.3 artgvaliamoi 41141K whliel, Islay for Pa'lg4llbiu ley 

hoa-riiitg t 1rfl ittipsart. Tlaa- iivillinjf tha'auanspan..auo 

alititoo. the. finalpiviut ip rml nwas jai arapwaijkihohun witig may In-. loisning #w ilfealataunim. the two. lw4nx dtiot. 

eachl usher mo poamiilar pp as a Isisgi sipnmsarratim. 

iaThroo iniranaaialiate %Irp.. anr .4l inlerrvf Isait tiaras. 

sinjoioeo,ias fly Ilse oluvvd with w"i4 file' pnxc aken 

Itlats.; flna ratPIt 41-ad a'ls:.iga 161 11aa ziAat "I 14a Laaa.d 

sadcalty anal in practie, far be Ithe' lanipt a hvetters tin. 

afrpotatnpling .dt I heUtt Of pasaaCIIlrr 14. 0sar a palsolit an 

liontus thst 4d Isasiisple. Ilse okaloimntion tof vIamioop...l 

waoo Pltwiin intovteaivov i olit sthr diioi'eitlo .4f the 

porjtiiii fort. ax' nokttlg.X)( 1 un. ja -inlaaas iinrlrd paarlinta..falls 

31mb., pnopllsfantu. air aawspoou d ofw- oir prin. wmthiot at.', o~is od sip woork ad( IDivipia I anoll is 

sipal ca.hlwa.,s'plooptsa. in nzalasrr. anal opthrIxs lnniatrl in the (odlitawisg palsai 

atbiril rotanivottawsta 

poalrcnta. too "Hoslif4 

saa word pan~i ia staloilisa,.. It 

lb.. lwaypral ,mapl~rrtA. of the' ex. 

ila.niat inve,4igalitino havrranliifskli fitA5 post ilowolis 

pill ti- intenmselissta steps ins therastsivitwamo adpuatir., * 

plampsivr. anwl malke the. "olalsitil 4oalvA~taner oa.:afc w 

hanalilinot a.. a wvpriaalbast. 'nu- ~mwprinipa'ul exv..pire. 

tis dip- final pro'ulucto.. 711w raitev of Which15,. tl ,qeps 

imawir:an-raasmaws Wlliflit- mnaaizanison;xanw.'spcr. 

anet axir Muasitr ni~rat.. (al njris'aehelise. XCI anal inwourtitaivll-no-ai.atist ionimavao~anIslab..11Wx'rpngp. 

glyfrnd nitrate Initniaghwrriswr. XG.); optlsana% sasam. lento tair tsa-ataal in lisa .a'a'aml .a'rtitm .4o this. chapter. 

rnx't~vnlrm~ss.ranrruituapaseaalitg'X~iaagl."s. 1 w t ot-o-t aaioas taske%, gap Ilse popol" a(m vof iiji. 

snuahviwra trisaifriminjn teydaasjior. iI)Xa. .All an-ri.niis,, assail evidence isa a. psr"nta'ai tao aauw that at Is", 

salnd m-tain clsomigh tosvwn in I forn-ati ve -4)-NI), a'a~sidilirivina is s~inainteail amoomK ts.e final pirtaluctoo. 

(:jtrntel. ati -\Ih, titiolau vawappo faw ina'.aauai etair- 'ineasmsl liaillilics' ioaasnasrermal with thie comnvorooaian 

laahgko.l~ ad tlU'"aen'.s- 04 flit- jaIMsralar iflntO cUhsatiCal 

prono5tillospa1w ruth, .4 amri* *n too i-arlworatas sisal ans. 

wxa. prinulawa'. a alivastit iii a larut, kinaiwn tA flit-. ha'-st 

tife~pbiam'aa, anal n*..AtoIi~ n Iilag i~artomgissand IlK' 'apl 

pauwder tit a xio roavmplooad Ismnripalrd *4 v d itralI.1,"s 

ivala 5Ilaatnisoalvotssimaa c4 thisi Iprisa am~ pit-orclsr 

Irnatir isn$'taa 2.4. lPxpa'rinsts~alsa sinethagla. frat ak' 

la-rsiniaaaaa Wlits. It-tvijienaltsfui a4 1paswa.r Mix'. ah.-cag,.Cai 

ill I[-ha.A Isavl eatiamlj.. qvg psr.'tat an a'xpeuimaental 

curlmsaaa aliassiala, vartsaaa ,naaaaa'iala..u 3s1,r, anal It -alna. adaak ai the thila l iaaav aallY cvaleidal"I fla'al teiipa'att., 

xm n 11wrsative pr pnifirtiailiat.. iad fha.,. g :-v ' i. I n aiiii l,aa.taa.'r %% itli sa's.sasaitol paaf mrr rnable 

final pnoalsaats as.. ala'ta'r-nnra It la v : 1)th rualive visataa. (theaIa;' halt jaimi tat ali..maith~e fIar .le a4 Iaa~ssaler ga. 

tent, of "rnn, Iavlne, oif. oxi-%u-n. :,naI aisil awn in 

flix' rjraiaapal~ass. awal (21 h telia' aiaaaral -am;nol gmn_.on. TiIIE BURliiNI NG OF Ill) DER 

4 s.5., r4poisllttetttx~ san- linaaaatii itsa jIaa- po ala'i ms~, :a. to 

I'a-a fl I a,'a. q C- i- 5sraa.n4se..Yiaa sgn lial ia iltita. iiia a.lav. a-asS aisaa1w'rsat 

C:lNFiI)KNrIAI. :

~ rMWbjKAtU 4W eIF1111,8411,6 40i 

At" take1e, it in. neuinl dlint -mea aftai. ilnhtioain . ini. eimaI. virpm~l val~u. ad r. an- 2100O K fur NU~, 

tiateel. the. lin-oct,. Intrina (is n'-.A* am) then .me-lw,' n 21 Ili K fair 

paak ~iithw in fin%-* ad Ihy umn6: odsifl SiaeaL$- The.r Iemwvwinelr 

M52 1,ll 3.i K fear YI"II-2 juoikrs 

T how Iaen idAmifirl apthe terin. 

eelhme, ad..4 ih'4ouslovhit losxisfaicit rapliqi..esto the. Tpheimat11o d i:~.aw o MeAthis k ru h astroffrnfl 

inititnim ad thu-h. like- fit, pomwoeirr. niarhimo s peak 16ham lm t her peak ad ee-mae. i ewes-or t enesiore eiueawrl 

- ~ ~ ~ 

mawl ele-noede flaw reiseloitaaeoa ad the. pervem Cad Incinnw 

Ar .fiwn tie.aiiUill ad flhe. Peak ralurâ IWaO rooietimoee. 

ftech. 6i-eng cf tin the. waillso a. the Via orwAss; in a 

m~m won. I 11W pi, ia rinuuelri not~ u"Ply lay isuee htt frandee' 

l~an .1w.lo 1woatme~ega"Ut part 41.temaee, 

lot kinc-tie-wi IIIth o 4: patpwilr. TeI'lu-clrlmNitbal 4 

the- e.wnril ad the postoiew. in4i.euanaweirt in Portcoli 41., 

in wIhiari the. neaiuiiead 4ik. thex mtnwratumee to the. 

*nilwehtniloadfar4te lowningaM44he.poortiremeneamat he 

esm s 6 teann 

21)-lire 1;il the wif..efaineiiaa nuiximun pr~iy um 

j 

haino the Patefmir as alaseot I911) K.'" 77& burming 

may IW "f~itiptimisu't eqpan vauehis reAluctiom o piff.. 

ismano a.p th.r's~ rroo- illWle rosiin of the pa at 

the awrfam. Thkeoe,.irt.' thot actabliabohig r~qiemo 

heat ft or IW tnba.eryir to the actirfame bty the hagiums 

in an amemnit scffili-etfinte wuajetain the wAtamda laiwe 

he.. emeeemgh (er muilW .ierampivipiault tu( the powder to 

I.:ke piae.e. 

0 a 550 The amuiome at heat tramaleniej to the ineedm eassaeww 

a1w ritp..refl too tie-pens eupe at of k wo faetcea; 

VWW'tW~~~~~~~~~ .i~.aue~.4I.tIi I 

I. hheinte'niaityamnd irioe44rmleiiatue Which fall. uapon 

swu t .3 1g t-~h. 

1.4th-v lon-swwomMa e h,' m's, hta. C... mirawm (nicii 

0hait Ne. I floollisoade It."%"b Ljicvoal'oey t14por N.m, 3M1 Aimv~- ftooraa. (Wtinit.) 

it, aflel M2 the- numlwr tit qw~riee-eek of high ae-a 

whic-h noliailteh With it per ntoit tim*. The part played 

Ity rmiiatiem, whie- iui eliffirot to ei"uata, Wtill be 

ifoewi later. 

T"he num~mer atewd ijeling muncie-eek'. still be nearlyr 

MT te 'aliattiean at h~i 1J elene-itiee ead lecateinot lie e.mtin.p-apwteeIteien-aet.,t lrwcaeegeeS 

now's in, the- vio,.l-ie. ana near infratnti reftie,.. 4a the emnonsh lir ectimastrel Without iletaiWie knowlrdte ad 

.prete-nim; at van- low l-t4te bofaaeeinit. eli-ante. Iloar-ne-itiorminvolvrt!in thepeu£-tx of buring. If ire 

Acews apa'ar in tlw orwevtnotm. Theawe arr, iliw he, in- axmmono .au first appmvin~atiun, thit the entire ri-aeswoxnie. 

rmsmehttmwntaa air iniptiritiet.. The ridnei~ia~,ii nt flots .. Imii, takpoi piumet at the pevilaler waifmafac- then 

high ek iiAiefaenold 6~a iaa he. ilaat 16111Y 4'alit filmala ale Ia th la,- t iosAaie-ioa hav~e "netght. di~e'imj)Cmltflg t(1 file 

alsia. tea heave a (list rilaitipan. of( inte-n~tieo, wsith rrp-st flaaimr te-napemfirntm Too, On thian a..ee,,pliemo, t1w bitrniits 

wavienIanth ior~eh noe waaeal l i. t.. 1aienl oi4 n tlhik itis r-iatma' fly lie tP'leiIfm tu I- hui fair peowdeira 

loosely ot a trlr-m af-twore T slaiall iN ,.aqmviia-at Isimer. %% ai-s. fla;meta-np".-iraun 6a hiih, anatIi, tha io at e-ja* 

loa,4-aaa, oif the. he-at lioevae,. uhian liforauhi~alui- fl~amoe tegiataaIeiva-Iv moeiem(rnwl hIs rFripefti 

ta-nolwvattairo, Ttelarr-iww the- p* Ie-lhann. A.. ope, tim. r-rtiricomalilwarnfinot there-na. 

t. .16 We- wAill 

eathe. pusaflek- 

CON l' t).NTA L

muVI RNNING~ 41Y pqttvun 

taLe' plae' emiy Ivarty -it ý'nerfa:ue. fornt incmaimmI jim timef"-. t mi'e.minuhiskmin(eterim''dt 

tim.. gmuimuic .~Kei* se~Ktntil niwtIN .. rn'~mc' trnit' Iot- 11-1 keal. 

a tommur"~ie thin Iarnwr vus!ewier iwms.'flm rcsltmn-A IN. 'flu. r,,vnithe'ntie' litat .'fTl'.t nit ter it' tin cint to ioniue- 

4 

~i~e4 lwue~sq ha* beet u ~ m'w'aWj ' Iet aer thws cuemos~mo mme tim. obd oueltmaziaemi how, tue' metrnti'i to 

.u4otrnrc eiipsr if hntriyring fatro Iter he. amti rowel POe.W. 1We "wMmr -Vol nt X. almostt eme4Oe11I( of fitx' bill heo teu 

e16vvi. ex~pitmeetet od nitroo'ellmmiliv. Simmmilar "pe'-inentte vie 

amiptm..wttitle'k' time anue' i'alosnu with d~obei.m k-Irntmw 

11W $11jtmior e ruhattiirtis it( flsmming Ifwlr oaloi ots orff Snre .C .). TheP win 

13nltsvelat l&6P~a r~stann henitnoml of time 

iwu'neuue~i. thi ie eft'aeij 6ee'e;est lotl pesmwier it *umfeew&rprin.'iptIulv no nuifre em~iioi. (NO); tighe zwoe 

br.'& oidmasph olwu'Wot an onvtlint, e00' she. nru'aeitimnt in. pwu.'irt tamn,('Y. f'Vp~ "twithrefy~ ,~ 

KIMe If, and noe 

t'ed%'eu in hie. per...s of &ornn,,g.lb NO*. U'pon inflacmncmatieuom. Iicie'tfinitm'iy sipiurme in fipe 

Aim lmW axits i10 IT, it wax leflrnemwiictteei"I.ea 

that ameivaty sltep i'm Ilme ti.ertmmlpueitietei .4 nilu'uwetlrnt.lemeenas 

nifrumwdye'.rirnw icc t !w %pliilling cot ir u NO , frntu% 

-" 

- I - - - 

tihe. roledeultre- etof the' .'xisic-iwe', atimi thmat lips Mil~ is 4 

itemirkly iv re'hme'l tern NO wihen time pasit tipaernwe'. tetrn a. 

sotsam is g'afooe with lieeer stmeilg eeietanme'e. l1e'- 

.. o ewoton itio iite' shomwn that at veý t ew s* 

£ 

fort-oosm (twterw 1.73 nrnt hg)( thte n-wmmt~~tem ai' Ol -0 - - -- aM 

tie ofpi.. arnti spott Itx' sternpperil mnd r'tarte'd " titt will- -- - -- 

ainn-P thia 'valutm' thp '1 ne'ism iwm'uunsu'uc xerusimrmi a 

awl her muei(..Awtaininjg; it pinim-446t. witim t~eimeeoee. 

tit* .4 andi Ptiumiintntjeim e4 a white solide. At still- - - - 

lskgwrpi nm, ".anal mith a rhesnmiramii ittolisTu'nent ga o 

-- - 

yeum Iatmmmt 40nmmilgi. then' is irtnult-mze'ei inakh'ydni. 

This, evidele'.e inftie'ate' that the- uteitinai J0* a o 

cedl~tlow nitrate iefn'Amtle has in-en attarkedl, mesetto 

prob~ably at the potintue o4 :ttmm'imnsent of lime tnitrte Fiiri 2. 11M dtim."eA a(ntim4OWP 

VVUO-trumumistem, (npm uv...ftunmireac. fte lumigiernea humnivi a 

11w Uquelo'm.ticrn of amifrtelhlositce' has tolmooIvrste'j edt. ;ue'equtlanta JtI7f. u1iocu titiau' is lu mvae c Twble VI dt 

kln'd~oat 3 pa'sert-mi .4P Aemmtl 50 nion It tif n4mitrern- MMICltt tlieul .A4US) 

Xmr. in qmprintnmei~ ta (ntcniru~kle themmuat dele'eeips. 

tation. At I-iniftsimemstirn itt're-irn with air in the gase., antil time (mmli ibeut ec e'plumitsiem tendo to be it" 

app~a'atiae, liepime'(aetiein was nort e'eumpii'te Iuv'ft ale, cim im-4l. (Mme lFijlmtn' 2.) 

e'~ploitii-iaflanum~mliemtnwcetr.'e;the igtnitimons was. lirv" 'iuimtnni Amoue'ratieen eto time' fome',tiemi eu flume fromt 

e'vut'el hb' an inducttionn pamiateii whtirls ecame Alm.mu* avtim Ilw mtmintir t( e4hpubletik4uwe rtmcky't petowdv in nitm'og'a 

ItiOg ionste' -'aara's. 7'he' atm'i vat t iteamen'rgiee41c4It imte.'l temnder prrs'.escmme sitmrw' a ttansitift~a Crein nonliunti. 

frin thlie v'ariation 14( time indiune'timtg''itwo rumilit ith te'm. nitu tern firnmtimirnu Wrmiting Ml prr*e.mnier near 300 pai.. 

pe'rmfure. antiIf teeli' rate'44gs em! wo,e ' ciluetio diucricgi time 'lle flim.'. whe'n first (mn-In.'. it tie' loiwest Preftuin. 

ouitiene''et 'in-ipitio diceem ie.cnpeit ieisogee. p.~''treiwioume- isatstns dil's4tane'w freqni Ifire 'tie'k I)( peccder, bitt apally 

winth time ac'tivatieen e't-oKrneriv few. lime H'.hitinimz of pnxrisc'Ie it :is' the pre'ssiuttm is rrn-4'i4e.i its shouwn in Figtin, 

3. 1'lme t r'.nsit icee Cnrnim n mnt cttmuininiis (ti Iem'iinuutop 

~t.'4edtic' 

,'~ a1c~c t~, ~c. ,eclca'I. .,'.I lce Is'iticrnrimimgKt in~ lthe g.1, pies'ý itittks tihe Im-gtinning of (i6" 

baeiccictel.cnowm the' war-se .-s InY cui.~ectici tme le 

le~Ii'iwI~ceernt ~ U....~e'.I'r'vrcg(.'~eccc. 

"*c~. w ~ct .~i'. 4 .. ljwj c g 1c I csri 3.1 NI 

~4i in."' '~''-~ 

It.apfim-ti' ranceo NOI Crooe i ime It is ae',',tpanieti'l by1 

itc icire'aasu' mif tihe' irn't e'ecithe'e %%ift ii ne'ra:,'inrn prc.*rv 

thee wa oexlw cat is iv':..cliMe'el timittic MI 

pei. %t thtis fin'.s.-rnre' the' NOI imm tice ras virmtually e16.- 

CONFID N~ri %

alsolpmemwrsy Atv twint it, v 

igs 

omwlI INw.wfirqq as' n-or-fitom Musri- I'L. ,C11 I .'nI I il "In.% Ilet IIwarn'itvitioq p kros tmevidt I ie -411-S 

iflaistno voiiiloi trio -of e ' I tiui' It-snig't"I im. 1IlK' lisguil. '11w I~x loony. 49irlfgfl 'Nil, 

antl josimnsiss l oromt.ein Imognorw,s o'4 I hrominn I rnsbl. artive pnwit-cs. mio, esalln of $tagr A ewe -t ith towe 

rnb'w; thow Cj" 2 bass love," .islgsrftn 'I" Cioridii'sIsi r*w onfifulu' or withs towe nwitasini io fir 11w' wavfie 4d tin 

(nonw nosorit.,sibiriusnt Iwovrim. "" Tin' ts-oi'mgC'wt ire to( juiossswi't, %ith floorev.isistifisigg A.ssfiEa foorloic make*. the 

th ios. ban hss' lust, 4,.trnsaotsi' o lst. asiuuul 12M K. numitjs,o .'44-..is~tosaininlt anti isf (artfake Cs,'a. aMe a 

vtoditilp adioi ur ahls-svsir lisgusasl, 5&W.IigupKsonn ohs 

gprwtieovat of which, ith as fitE1i, g i 

SMWp C: CaogoflsWfots ofIs~v.i Prowo'sd& TIM 

r-wrtiiso its a C'sislinoatiam is.f 4 (nor ft. It resoudtjs in 

(matthw' ei-idotifis od lot-at owi porviurtivion s4d nut fsully 

ofa'tw m s,.'= efost~aining Much sef thr Mitrivs 0 , of the 

;smswsis-a'isn NO, ans floorC. [I. anti 4) so('U CO. and 

11,1). i1attle 11, is' iwwrnsst. Thw fort thmemir I ffect Of 

$tnfor.A. 11, antin C6a on i.o'ulisghagtaloms som~e-h6 

sif the (loll locat s4f 'cplim.4on. It 6 is A loa f~l totailly t 

IN 4 tin'al #N e1skwst h" gas fmrell at this 

Slaysi I): Fi~sed Rnoisrust. i lusithma aithe n-incising 

esimlimmit'pwismst4 fl nitwietnimete, with the furna- 

I, rs1111t idthssanti ,et'in chroim tee ria iti strir at the~n 

I. 

7 .%Inprrain I's o the liti'ne v I lo~qs'Ateraa the Saff o 

ud ~the gmwm~ lto the. iPoties- ~i umIte, appear the hia eu 

*, 

d 

%vri-ota igimh'.s'. anhi ias essesii.'rl 'rtoh av xreadatert anth 

on' thell tetiiiiworrm if ctioe Owater th thatts olsoto pes. 

ovi~su-ilu feid ti'seniita'ir resto(n. .eh the furnristuijaacc 

.. .... d nthesn- frovo h ('(I sau IIhe n ernullrtdlw 

h irra po& 

Fmi.. . ~~utm~s..m 

is tisisssess.~mmib~I..ii Wk itls i'hasno"- in .vng-r~ which 2re 'mud in cumnpaais 

losetrosuo Ioarssuig s s,or k ll'. 4usis. sl aifts ~ s 

in abi.Iss-.-ofd at,.' t., Powe. lamaor 111l.4 41'.Sm; - 

6Mi Its wfnis. (23 C).1 sIsnuunw 461.4 , ngtho I loll, 

SaM. 310. M. MA~' s-al 223 te. l(71- Aggfr ham nl 

wils te.ent. 

flmsmtths'uterdo flelsebu.,isrfarrodr vig 6 n caneo.. 

tact with' 'n vritY'idn~s.uimsoher than thooifcu.nd by, 

:an aonal-'. .si sfitle n'isstiveli mAi Proscisijeteiol at the 

SLIUMAXY Div'isviess I Ios-win it-. inv~it'cptliun isf xuvj ('~entjit. It 

Ms ir voon. otpr to loinitp tm l~*i~e ,.ussssasar li 141ti i. i'fliiitint 11N. P'5t'Ni5.-el 10pogl (iunesf the perionlrset 

istroi mroinswhait no' (voiiistro: iss i-nsiitm (4"11"1 in fm tiNm lMils- farea, whic-h are si- 

owlie (notm the tsooti~-ash snir rs,gssib-4-ossivit n'etrissnt., 

los- noiravs'- idf tiow Iinsirlci Krrin io imrsigist Ius:t loss. '~lPie Itlac Of Burning 

1Un l it-ai i n ot ic list, ICI..i s jii~t evosl'.s4iat a rats sit, 

* ~ i~is~i .m -~.~. ~.Fs-.susthelss'nw-ishssst:Ii..-IIioll it app.':ss' that the 

"Is~s-stso fil[ (oo rfv41i-itg CIo. . t. s tiilO6, on b ik-rae ffrrmm 

w

Ith3 at mRIl. 4W "it S O.5 Z 

tifai a0C 111w fiaa.al p111111110t-i in Oll' Ctaa gdala4.4 ISt~aga'Ii. 0 1, Iak- ih-C lmon..naao rtange. lw. pasrlataga' 1.71001 Au. an 

faod rntha'r laY 1tiw r~alap 4i flip' rvaaijaaaa 

at OWirA lawnri i raivoi tl* ~ive ,.IIS 

Igkiaag lialaai 

II.t'atuI 

huts locau. 'faaaat Iv nu-son-melowtn'llp is t-n atncw ad 

jkmws~an. olp tit Rosl loo-Voin't 2MN il 

V td 1dw lirtuaio 41 louraiaalL . .4al. D1) aanatriloolle" tea Mt lkaor per-mw. mrAuh ao uw sttaitu-t in rark,6ta 

ntaalaa atal lah at tlnasgl n 11we ararf~arand final th t lo*taOlir fat: in fort. with pertain riork-Al puwaler nuwn. 

brats tn 11 mlill (" .alar. ilac. thermiIeanl aaag114-ivit ,V a61 laanitiaay. the a-.Elwaanwato is oin 0111:11;i 1.tlaaat 0.31 uara Ill 

the juaawala-r lit-in loaw. zaallifp titte s tiju t alslivnl al iAloet. noire tnt fip linear tacormtaltaagaetler.ae %t lk*y-~ match 

I fli ,niaetr .- 1 aa in ajivlingih 06hill6W. tlacoswelraonaano. in tin- neigluohna'bmovII4 I atm. the'e%- 

Ra2110 a. ..taiming hlowe lwv. aoaaeeliapI harp4y 1v ieiwanaeatial a aewavr ehian iny F-w:~a 4 inalirtateae a litirk 

awaskinw-tas * 4 O mhea ad elhiaaa 4A 1promow oil" ian thw ernnv a lkvlrni;; italyvia isopwnee. aiv il lh 

iltniitiaaa. Fardv axiis'aina'ntit adl thin aowat aulawral that merhatni-aa is( !Nining lien. Puteaellnly ch~angpaI. Fortile 

Ilaopostirt sjay-uraraa aiowk tat firut. laugh in 4-laeueel 

Aamltanuw zanel in jmani duaring flip lwaaaiul ln-foauqr du 

proaje'aih' sttarts has mova'e. anal thetn a'-.t- awal mum' 

tawetlatin naeihna in 4vd alcantvenaPt (w luealliotai. 

i 

rataWIvy. tile lirt-aana-tinle a*" 

filing a lwjwaiaa aa urn ia inaIl/. 

ainegwhfl o rsntm.- 

1,0 

- - - - 

T7nW jaoweaea in l'iwve'lA-4 ita Waeit tat this awaafaae. am or a 

paralk'1, LYTOyr. it lopiang~ asninaaneol fluat all thw kiarfummV, &Wis 

ignitrfa'ltt tile samein tinte.. titil laaauya at liii' oneaua _ 

rtate. 1lii,' ritet nity In' alelineal :no file rate P at whuiel 

thle paratlle'l la ' ers ar tan uiveeayail in tf ai'l- iaaeti noaw. 

"s-, -f 

- 

r T 

I 

S- 

naal tea the -aaafarae..M T reate ad" tia'auaa tile oua 

tvrmarylip I lit!a1at tan rams" In~lamral lip to any 

heitanto hi' Mromn ad (Worm fuinetiamnk alrie'ny' frnat thn' 

W-'ea'try ad( the vaiffaaga typlav a4 gramout itieno.aa.& 'n'rOi 

(afletiarnto linquopaaw'l Its efipn'aaaa r in termsui ad the. lainv-$ 

ouaaai Is mn a4 twit genem ral"tla. tan given in ea~aiustimmy 

E zL Jz 

40 111 I 

*6 

I'awal (2).PS 

,'im 

g' a m + -&1bov(wi 

J 

fe J 

4. 'fla a, fifv" 

t e wos at 

a tnyyaa " Nh'M saano IVMWýAnuut 

IlatI'a'aa I~a ai.aaa' (nThi Arnmlu booaa 

dzhovlan 

-. cp (2) 

Rga'ta'o 1 haea N id am. UwttmeAnhea 

in which di 41 i i - llta1f. Wsl, Il* liciing the welta tlair'lc In the intemioana'fyte inm'aaiaaareungnp(tp toOO~pwi 

ne'm anolf the frtactiaon 4d the well whicha rrotnaliaa tin. tlariecytanadmwianyudlae mianjngpa walrwnn luluua -eai 'a0ae 

hearat at mall' time. Thi re nwie'ient r in la'aaatiamn (2) in vi,.afvtnal plaasaapaat in at ellamlwrequipped 

alenuta'l BI in the lDivisitin I system aid' laaalliaataem ak'. wit h a glamwindoiyeaw. 116 ifaia'aet onyetsisaremyynt yields 

m'ca'ilrcal in Chaapte'r3. Fluaaatiaan (2). was fiaapeasa'al la laawer rt~aaane (air tIn' lasiaing mite thtan the inalir'rt 

%licilk' in 18961. liprevi''agniscrel that thn' r.'panmat is naeanarmn'naat I'mm a prrwaan'-timieure snc ureaaed" 

varies raw dliffernat typesa id pstwaha'r. hav~ing valus'a in a nwikai nuetawr. The alipeetwpnr is' taa'ilied to a 

froawn auianamt 0. 75 too 0.95. 11wi rite ataaaatiaien (2) with a aaaaaa'a'taIAla'aansnaaptitarnait(aaaaier in tlkaan'kc't than 

frtaatiamtal a'xtma'ayt is alifiruealt too hannalea in iaaaariaar in a rhum'" rlaandier Ivy rrinaatyl ad( the pawaaitfur ofi 

liayllia'tiaN a'aoui iuan4. :ukil the gtwvtiml imactivw aae ha ieea'a u'aualaeaiaaeyo. dnal by eaasitaa. 

tIaaalaIit -'a I anal inaake it judciidiaia na ijuistaloent ila A~ ro'larnayisomua atlei laeiauinag r-ate rsan fudanction a4 

tile valiae a4 r." thle' jm'aaasaan. (ae tile Nfrtuiglt-liae, liaw with ain inte~r- 

Fat rlaiP4,al cambeanlar tirino~. a'hitatiaan f(I) lowtion Iaan o'a't~t tandalive snilaytla It-e lair' is givpan in Figayn' S. 

rrtitn'I in the' fawyu ai aaabtif 4iaaaao W)I. 

+ I h' ~law 

'11' adata npaa'ne'tyfta'a Ivy thae s'tatiglyt linea tar thane 

Go f 1w' " clana alyale'r il hauaniyg 4i ajaa ha',le aaat~inifl. 

'11ii,. a'4j11:161t io : Id a triight thi', u, ii Nan iaata'nw'pt0 is ta 

ing 58~% NC'. 411% N(. V- -ei'tralita'. 0 2 c' eiphenyI:1aaaite. 

.anau 019% Volaltife il'at a 1w'ia..a deanas'ttity (j(a 

ganul :aapguraa,,iaaa;tIialii~ the' f eaxaa'aatal 'lp riailt.- in t0. 1 . Faw I lk- paaanna'ivow 14 lk araaaalaari'.aae. tli,' at riglat 

CI INIhIWNr!.k

P111.11o.y4 6W P&US Den a% 

GOP~b 4111 

""Wlt I mm PS 

.,itcmal I. lh.ixtgu1.(X%' ' 211) lm lb, Ilieern ~.wabioli auni & (inw. a 'ove hI i.2t kI) chtap 4J (I') ledt 

I ir 

&AiLe Ia.erimltM iwhether th 1latit %vr mpeniateal b thihe 6- har-give a in Tiabla.ea 1. The r~durm If fit 

toe Mwe.000 k law with a - OA ow Wil. tie aifer-in. b 

pmantto." are nmoomht. rain Vg , tand efunic-rbi 

AmIrai-ln law u , tahn m i'.' t.7. OS. 2nd 1)9 ra'jwr. higmhtm'I thantill I. a. -tx it wajautirim..eampid ehane 

tirwimma. auath.J liur mrev tic-sla. it fitiva .me .~ihtf h ine at - fiiaaen"a tima datab ritr jr wax timmei. athpm 

AK p... lwrrirm t in uI.lit- to(. t w vto toimelr r law'sn~ l~aleanundc"I 40.1ThevalY homi0ith..'o tWaa.ia./awrth 

6 in tsilrv i l Ibut ' 'li .WE f i .1XN) id ~ i tlm e e34n. '~em y mu pi...rm I (n. * v "il in'3 fat eajeýimtmie u ial( aprie-.tor 

and L th 37-nte Kii.. TITata iaw- Ta~*n..laiw N1,4 tIme,. abaion hifth lmin rialte at aithe wuhen aAth 

the ~ Law Kimh are EtA ar Oilm, rla Ar- tin a% .mtamita n. i, fill 1hat . '114.' arem rioal.-O evub 

I itagit-..2anin Ii.2.. ntha mmala i enatv11ahity. lai 14-11t.4,4 me t a n 41 Im', Iat ia -A"lwta' ifrm.0 tslie vlmma chi.. W( 

at ~iv-y 

pr.,.aa ure. heIai lvit' rmaaariAamrh trn.mnlir Far'5wmhr.

~ tv.ao i. Utm.." 14-r~; 11 ill a rim,mltsgnt %hi-i' %-,Ilw i. 1Yvii.- d ear wls 

joeowsh-r. umnilriew r" fronto 2191 lt, #oveor .1E10 deg'reell to,. 

rut . .~ 021 *314 tomml l**h-t'Ip.oaltto( 

r of te rite pipe totp'arattnri. 

N".W 1.l1a* .242 =I 

'II~~ .17 - 

- ZM. .IM 

toI 1 .") .j.4 

-~o it~i~,b Zh. X 3 

4..0- A- J . I,% *?it.4a 

649.- 4- 9L..... Wol.*.&CV 

in*I .brim 4 h 3a..ms mon rrvu4hu .. ,... fnw 

-- tmiao P* 4 

A) !A-.4an1 I, nit:,.. fo,b~~ 1 ,the pp~w lia3 pwderio,- jMN nP 

singke-huoo a de 0~~W-11 t.if)w ±1iAho-mo 

smvtt tlana in' the * m 

3.2.51 Cllfl Ix-' m1Ti-.-J"O' ?w'A'itS thew 16a whn i it im 

"Wuell thaut ftiw nu~tha- lror fominp f a? oropeawott"~ fia(-~ 

tlk- flowr v~ah;t. oaf b: the ral.'. 1ivrn by the. two$ i:,Wss 

m! or m~r i'0owr. 

smlto iithin 10 per .w-nt at M5 It. lin.2. In naritll 71* Inorningrrataws air NigOe few po~wo",- which Iii,. 

ibs. Cive riofl.tionto in tha. tDiviwiem I mey..wm idf aI.,.. i'"to' IarpIr allItnif"p tdf t"PW 'onImoring. The0 

liess w~aohl 1,P noIjimtedIty filling 1he firin~g 4as fur lwt.grr dut-n availablek indicate fliat rown' litirning at 

e-ithe'r the nhnxiftpplm pnrom"y.r ow muoti vle oiy goflp."Ifln Xte the Isprningrute.'.jnmant bi inemwrnnq 

11.113 tuo 0.(M (in. wev kibo in.-i furevery 100 Kelvin dg.. 

U.4 Effect ol' 

g!-m7 rime 

Various in 11w Factors ropialiatic flunio ta'm~x"vti.rv.. 

on the 

MOMrommooepqnt 

losopmiitig ut .hla are nrvdrd, boh for 

Rate od Rluminn rlamn-ti ,haml...rn andl Kunst. 

Tx~ry-mvrvu% OF TUrOM Din 

IA W ntlt mstititntst u( poutinpro serve rki oroolantit, 

311,1 lowoor the 

Ponder,.born 

burnitg rite by 

a 

scomne 

a 

10 pier rent 

rl'wift for 

U~ 1wssfr. tern*very I p-r cent tof Polve nt ai nlmohiotrn. Ptevent. 1 'I 

n tLoM fao- that very little heat ii' c4mlonoaiao-fo iNwk 

IN- %sarfnvt' andl f1stI.' Nof 4 t pbowolar. tw~refism. 

oomr-4 nut i-Ang.' it% lampemattlir. .IarinX the lw:'ing. 6 .lf0 0tI 

fls*iniiiai:, ma-ilol-nnirr d oa I1,t.o-oer h.i. In-mo Goi,,d Ati int-i-a.-eii flit,1 rtaiati tent rmmieie.l li thepupstwela. 

too itirm-t..e the rate li' -3 tip II3a1 .11)" I ft e ve - 1 

0'Y illfl.t 1 '.1. f-lt. IPd lolmliflttt . 1Thi& hall, bef *hislor 

n-ntigr..e tP.-grer- .~ irnI the puomde'r lant--aoi. lomirinjp- it;a I~n-"trt.*#n vr,"-a- a ilk nyth-ding walk.. 

om Ikn irnin ii' tak-s t he P114ai-I 4d the inki jl tem-n l'iin,.ewurnwtt'i:1I thom n flu at it llxfwe 

,xwratna -odlI.-'li oeains1 nl I.:,.. rim-k.'t .i ( r j N X(, oing itm in t)"l ujir 

ot' P + I/ ~ (-3) s04,. list r" I ,~ r:, I hil II t tsp, Ill t.iI MYII1 it-If I r-he oiti tIno i ne,o 

it- 11,w-ow frwol, Nilso-.ti..o.11 .llp- o-ptil ,4 o- ,-,-lest oa Ct), 

efP. ( :) at 11P1. atl 2. :m 1 4.A x. tqNIhrimjpoo4-.aI )an wenk 

6 5 itbrk Inukll ltdiatiwit. Its a, pný.oiry-t- w~ith a 

VDN FIFNTI %

,gtarl A 'mm t ol... tI h-.%,2. &l( %%I fsqummqi ,-o#:it D.tUII o4 lmicher ,h't,'.jtir I':-. m-01:,41 ill irf1 I-t1 36 iron S 

I"4 IM-oxogro' 416.e 1.1 a l.~met"wI %.I~to 141164 k ist itY the. Imti.Mt. ilee. tj~r to iim o,'me l iv~roonfift~m l ifith a 

lwem.Ii in air at atfoeoý;lmefir lw-or a Inolgrimtgnivs. 

Pison ax(401" &1 liar. mrl lawine41 gk.0tammiiti. 7tMIAi.. "Al 

'nor Imlik h..loo rvaliiatimn itmtlvtsil %&A noEiiKil*i. in 

Starve eprg',inor it.Ma. i4suliag the' pmmt voi . in the. prew a.ei( 

St.'mipoo or . MC4 ,g i.tmm111 its 116inf to 

a.. Uai 

onn 

awwenat %itba wmaimon. stlfnmehA Pmdis a siaa. Amerr uaoig tIll tile. 0ti-pwi..e. meirheasnx .4 burning 

ofPoat if loua..p 1- .12111E) gte... Ihe mic nting rnt.' wis in-. then livv rremaitint frosin the. imme..mpirl lonfivi in 

""wrwt ol almosut U) per wi r'n loert' that fmlmeerrvr.l 'mith $ AW, '. It. smti (* ari-mmmmiaiat in the. Plast ammnoun 

ahemewluvng ommrro~mptiolnflo.. :$.mlimona xalt. dmio nod pqvm 

to hnit .m4wh all e4!'e. 

It imonedo ott..r.ttu .. 

hsmtt.neitee 

them pe.'m-.kw ando Nor' iigaitmI in tap.r 1) with haim i~tig. o 

tme. ~mlorubrtoo too till- fativa,.m.. Iiti~wr.tmtir. .Ablaosooh the 

aeu,'r not aio- tlmm burning 1114 pui Iso el iltus, lao wtwno$&e 

haop utermei pan rviblifieeeme. hiet it mu.,as; INs Krsalry 0mlt- olen" rhanp.e it, tile. e'emro~lmewslillmu ngmun miff Peopost"e.. 

.mdiusaa1to' Ils2 ofa fill the'l.Lk leeelY r.t~miuljatje. inaox. ilait. i6 or.ikho that I..ol irn'pmlartiteow in the role 

fmm.h aso ni the.&o eAiv r liii.., in fill- %,Wilm& em andupow.v 

inframio .pertnion noeiW't. ino a'.eemianttoimm .41 rti'm. I ligl frroism.icy iariatiemsn in d1t' At hav re. Aw.em,m 

mevity vipprousrhiemg imilji at ilpno..iv signet, patsh. ,m-n-rrl. iexwivinllr with edist-rfitm'il po..ele~r. briginning 

hkemwh eitiw t he'1"rr.4t uItW P" ,arI it.# ot pn~e..romooir d ie tiwqkodmh'r 4Nhpre. of hic'h hewappe~r. 

Fbi' r..liat"~. n'panl.'.. .4( itx. nsatumt. if it am"nr at.or to( vi..dmI fluisue. halu IN"ri alwoern~l ur at 

5 

tratoo, minto the' "mselaw. grallid~ raei". ith. pomwtibr 

M sinpaul amop MAhe' lasie rawf. TMiti orfoi'. so" c. I. 

xfigld~w loipjae pr..ereow. 116~ ppoa-r'ýl. "le"-ash" 

he. Ooiff.e WOOpm trawcm~ assay hi, 40 o eabr iptinif 

larrialir impositans wit h tranxpts'mati pmwerm~ ne~ar the' in title pervfoortiaw" eraeegeeee by lem'aI potNas cet'ms. 

Pull d4 hammiing whirts. the' inteiess' . the'lu -.velv snea v IN- mxprimrente.- in aimichk dl' .f toliaaaruImih':e~aaeem 

loestri low rmialthaiosi felnsn iteth xi~lesP. In norkepte. tHoist aspubtomhnto'qiim,4timiieeeil44oafo. %Ttes~r'M.aOihIv 

mamy rtw. astrka'ljest i.i'le, .4( the. rute' d4 hoiing pncaeloo' Phitest'e thlot I1 heP .1e vi I evorm es- 

Imieming mtar a Arsk "iwpamp ml ame in lom9'msoew near the. hiloila a heesmeim in the. evriuw.poontlino Pei'e.oe relpca, 

t*ai enl ad lmmtmttemg It neay ie. rooloestenreie..i by inoer- n am .ekiman in I'ievmsm 7. The' irme~ilarit ' is too menial! to 

pewating tiarkevinxitervilsg in the' pe-so-tei. mimeh not Ise sohooern-tl itsIlt- timeirve. .4l 1-u va. T1e. in'ewpmlamy is 

tvinapitark #or aigrametme. 41tiw- whic'h sme'rent PsIhe' rtinei-.1 dit 4I. lriev4I ilote orfile.t' n-medt 4d the. voumskire ignifilms 

("it" psue'rsling lop an.' .te'ph nt., elhe. pmmeeeler. itons 4 time. ittsernite'.totietse5. fmtrm the. final proettacta a 

Little. attepimtion. haps ho"' ltivcia to ruiliatioin .'te'tvi the. higinning u( Siage 1). 

in Wilis. It mayfr metontI n- aelutht irrergmmirilie'.en 

iftnitiom have' lop" riomoetarme'te'l Iwt 'meerrtingl the. plow. 

qk itm mth an aeuronteme' ml~i~me pisa .4 gasenaphr'ntm'twtlia- u CIO.ICLli lPI 

t 

amine to ich.4 blatmereeo the' ,.mrfaei. tmnifeaentm; it an at- 

"Aftuletie' ,Meohtil..e ioe eete.. the' Wnrk..Ie-ing pi.mmtrites L" 

th10`010,11141 time' loosiy d time pormeie'-r,anIi the' issmn~imlg 

IN 'O'I DER (AS3 

tleactioeas. flomng the Colorinmg 

@'loal' 

rate. may ti's. elang'."aWJ hlmith.aet 'flome'me 4ecelA Its- 

,I~tivltaereit ariw. at k'mt ltntiIV ( nsis ahtworpeitia t4 Qembsivtmtt ario. asi lte1e t fime att. qo( the. ptmuAk-r' p.. 

r.tPiatiien at five ,eimfar'e. booth while' lirtmnaitg i, ims provicn', unit aftevwrpolva.i. iU 

Fotrthm'i imti-emtivoito .41 l16 phaimp'im..nopoet i6 itinhtlY' eimllnmm ips lete the' ooo vioriew simtiorteete permvisle, 

eke~ra4' iite.4 t. I~m"..mI.I 11ttiiuti lt1-t.r 1ti.t floo' eettmtie tmav IN- e'ijueit.'. ltm vxy with the. 

veloor'it vt~e. Ill the.jl' i sea. flfti i . loouemtote (em' tvivitmgmeraetire m .riinotg t..IN tt-l~ mntital nanoim lawsa. 

"omanimn ha#. lai-n linoitm'tin, :lmtabeit tIT 1- lrneotim 1 m".' low e1i':matm,'. 11".4 t im:1t1.4 1me d e~tj thin. twamiifir. the. 

\1154.esr..e't". ~ .ehgsii'eb~nv i'ti 'mmlit~m' i~meegh.ii.thetr Allnwt slw. th~e"im. hwalms 

UJIN?'ViI DTI % .

- 

ago 414111 

-n -4 

rt.a cT .Mm 041"r4.Id44. Aj&VwAv"wlnewc w8%r"O~l 

V,..amog .antmilutetIt vth an tim i.t wu ille. wich~ in,. sittasoimI inr.e" withw adnuiwt.. trlitrr autsan 

i 

tewimun amwliticrl ulatibw pryivit r hrtua. fit,. t ,h. ivwtuir ah ave ji tIXT ftttuat~re,. (1ht~~.npa 

wNirtlwmin wnjnthietirntwnja'qmilhv %In ter etf tier Wil afmter euind ig ftor 17,,whi tep i 

that princiljml ceic-d m aintaioe n ontinig fix- at kaa4 tinyfre idts m a jmeml thearelative fainratheguimm ofee.il 

'in va fter the pammitius it. itimsioi siwa te rutia 

i(Ow, eurif. antic m"iated 1M.wather im p rilwith wich in 

Dternir ithdjte euirindatja prwedim ct li-att- imehnittr all 

ws iuatiter % irmevaitient(t ahnoat.' liearetialitimu toa sh 

tda K, ichrcartert.ithvo ruthe tempemitcre. and iathe 

vahuir hfew li.hr emi * raitatei.r hc sf h m 

piiti-e trinial IhemIAeitim mveirm watii tu4rn. filte a t h na'y(X) hi. w vthe reati-evet colxuncetr s ufG tdeped 

na-irai fannme tIrmpeataurp, tht. tiatirienry iwing at.- itlipe the rate' at %,rnhkh the Will was irtmied anti tiecomianteti 

fair IDY heat laisets. Act the gas ,aimil. afte~r. rmn-Âw with incrreAnic~ densiity of liumilinig. as nma be 

ward,.4, the wutter g:t* reacti-m rasmpIiaaevits evailsttite, 

tio n-ut w'ith ~ri, citimer anal if timenrtleto ti.E d is tiott 

amiuwn frumn theta'" iieirinm in matictive ertamil-ram. 

fliuiiiett, ht at time teups'aatt 3? r~5esi" Wvituing 

it.N vtivoghli C,!ttiota t nuN( itt coi~ltitoitittt. INt. ntttve ittClit 

rotDnpimmit icon itt an v tatnmierattare T i's gras%10. ii t w, ime 

ithe ialt..irtil vmitme it- K,(;, hle rate cml nrti~is had 

11w it e lsr at figilit ill Wtttiii.tailli,~ fillt- M irI 

reitmililtinmsn .. ilustu~nt" timiliutg. antl tihe ctwritml- guts cietpoirnoiliaa tnt hdIs"i 

J-S 

- Ccn~teiofaritn-itt. (Av~t ailms .14ttjin 2.3.4.) 

K.C- K(4.71 ( attati5) ~ d.. uteiern-~ pa'Iitlrgie 

CCOIIIftl a. ,ua'. V61 i1 lilttle attt-ttt jolt paid til time rate of nalA- 

sIwm-e K, ,.% the it~piiilwinia,xi esstanit for the recuttiofl iit c; the va:tew t' to(hui etpidilwitrimn 1 toO'auis~t r.,ithslteei

LS 

ranncur[VK4 GW PIOWFW. f:40 

flown -orhI steak... air d4 little ittlitirforp raw ems, perwood by 

pevwelsr gIM0 rou"l.. in nn eritlwhwsrn --m..4 ~lsifll-il lt. 

his'tn te. 1" 1, anal at-##16 that I m S.w& gai, .10 .e..kiI ..% 

Panelind(nort a rif1e. ah~wlesrsfrA unosg eiibi ta ,toaritows 

rnlawwiv. MA te' hs. I t s m.to totwrf the gma wohirl, an 

to.540lWY w the. mu~lmiuip. I anti 2. 'noe metbum 

lro h ogh rmataou.sim.m-1oto (0 o war, o lie witi jj it fli,.g 

thaw at the orsnleaa" wig... the iga,. ssnivell rosoji.r. 

ihenwmfw ie so aoorurtiv tow; h~nssvorr. lwrustpoo a) 

imn1spsrif filing ~moi1o (fl m~~. no smo liwsil in Pea 

Theme 4'antaa .4 .umnpoaeoil soam it I lieeo. gii to. emwn. life. 

.epslee lt. the eitti.t"I sh.11,p.on tie file 

low!insuni.,st'~tgw ~sw~, 

g in 11w p own e.vIWhil, of. iv. pinwoetVan wao awleaaog 

faerewPsaaMM was litr~ilelehl 1w Py 1injo Motif It firw eMA oi 

Whrledl.. ofihknwloe ft foo .4.... . t w s ~Ie it( st he lie-np 

,rsoe4: it %rbW frown 301itsl. I.LfMtOaim. 

Abegr~s 

LLS k..srwiloNni to( Plitico,l (;aa lteationss 

Aam e',,6ea. .*w.1 d.i~iwrt ..n ale -s. iong. 

A 6ew vairty to( liowdlei wait sit-voi. ranginlg tir'ttt 

\il anal F~iI anal n""A MtIX poow~ie" at 

owom e trnl ~tooi tar mw hops. dioolslottjiumi psicwAlarNs4r .ase 

ine fesiienritsn 1n 

in Io..we-fIs~.g~eM. e. 4s 5 4.oog 

it beo snag. qeenv.wnit-ll ralloil. aamn gwrfoort.ious 

0 gt 

(w, 

llslnes- tilet liciwlis.. in line- forontilati~en at the- tither. To 

smagmogii f(nm 2021 f.. Wo~f K. With posdiaov orof low 

I*%"aIeg lat ole(ae.. L.aI l theuffryr." I'l iig.s Mi~nor ornmir"Itfosn. 'he i.gswn-locl =am haul cowmpeii. 

..lwrinr.ont toe t, ert tea. m~aes nwo lot . mann too rqipio ltirnossris+inot~alurs, PK,,Joliheorniercs3..5so3' car 

equainig am0 pswitoe.t. to seqwiseeiing ohe. gawee fnwnt a t..9Wolieelfg lt e .jieoiehng fe-mtirtitoso'e of 1700 to 

eotail fiinrg rltimlis., tl1naeolu a nesgals. into, a niosrE, 2EOINI lfwocqirrnnnt.. in whwic novue all the powdert 

1.artr eitpuesesot demnul... The. s..yatemeu nag.., waim %'do Iwntri Wieef Invoeeeking of khe ruptiuw 'Irk. Ges 

If thse nosaip ifreudanoofe m~laiamirullk. sloe ga.p r, lanswi` vahwovi oil K.. aimuas two to ther... whieb 

Wield list.- lea sevoIrwI wo Menr..no ,eio.. ole. tuning .in mayfril iuirnt.'. Poo on inoran that the iaiditional beaf 

glweseee, 2~-o~h.,.. 7. analT~aniw ,iwiftill ins., the eapolneen dumber by the pit 

14 n-- Irepto(w fil %IMp in the. dleneiti ansi thes tiringo asee'loI nto lie .leewipatro' an ripisily am in the pnmviolts 

dtamlee'v. rewprofl.s. anti -f ieohs Off.. .4i oh.'li 

rPlaitA hetito 4l floe Lin, 4 Mn foes P.%io 0ieia. (lf.rIsr 140al. 

more. no that It* map notrsull mtwu- ucololy anti had its 

e"goeililoriiam qewt of a of at a lower tempeowoure.. 

ift Ivt eapaonn.4e inf., an onsnisztsoivo shanmlwr .4wmei.1 l' botw mh tieqoi,'re.there Wall little difftrenCe 

nwkan. the 14 infssorse nonI mIanirily in floe at soc in the torwailte uloetloer the pm u-an erxifnded into am 

r T7,t (tip o.' Aiwi, files t Ima nefm%. to eilortustmrisamlenrr. or inlto it oramilf filled 'Aith all 

the TiO.., in the thnam 4t flole noegAls. I-nwe olioat' giws. fln Isheather haoenl with fine .eils'r cviii. in theeit. 

thisat eitnentary easntiiI it, nest prrmtisn.tj. ax jim, g'wt 

n4wiaoe. in the "Vigan...es sts:omlirr Isi rronilr~r ioion'.. o meat 

qsuierhmwam~dnaon~swnhingn~ctiertrt 

5 effi 41tly in ripaeasi~orn into a vacomem than 

tothe itnallow pw...stsn- tlaiwut I atm). Intloinsmean. into an argon lWmtm hi-hro. Furrs~aemple. toithian N*H 

finoe. Immwis -r. rnisele lwheitt 6e giivsn tsp In ths. oesIm, 

OAl the- net efteroi 6 a r.elaively rapiOl e-seslinot. it a ill 

patialiee. No (smieslm) Wiam .. w K. (mrPan) oait 

4.3. neowmep- niingtsto'rmperatson~ed2O40omnI 1870K. 

9liee i nlonirfl r s. tooro m. e K tier %%ull.. . ohs it- ioamisrs 

that teAM0 ISO.'.'. ;.leeo ýirzl..e algost (02 Ito I vini, cml 

reo.ps's-tive. *Ihe hotter valsew ol~o-mrv in argon 

frona' y ave- Ix"u eiteo itse inmffeort mixling of the two 

fokrpeeoing sato Ap.inseirr e a4 fole.'pes per gram to( olsol. 

peesrfnI.in floe lnwe I ietirinit h ntmlee-row.-mpt n~i 

in ewlsrfierts romti ifir. icto sliiiiskiiv 0,,:elawt I.Vi K. 

When% the :,mneosnt .4( poowaler fies'. e'ceeeIes appm.. 

r 5WlJ% Ilust l ot priabesa's nptisra. tbhe "dust. diitfemrl 

In a e.aIotlsow- l '.0 141t.I floe. iser..iniss 114"Prling tsre-iiw~.tme.itlioos.. A in the. ptoi; nra. 

iuieahi" vis %nao noif,oIA Mimio 50 ,e-ri rl .o tee.saeI. ir. greos apth fi lw e I It n..Ir, T,21ZI5 K. 

pogint icelIe. e'see.-w..s vsei,. '116-i In-itnwir slo. mieslO 

is I. lie t rttrn1,4.ui spos siali t,4 o.ites I...- mall-. nio.,tv 1.e~ltimlei.u *Ivs.o-istv.. ar. 16. "it. -~-1. 

it.. .4.sis- .1. n.* .0..o 0 n-.sn- *e..d 1-itT '1 4.... xIj em l.e. 

.Aewly. Tier men.-sno ":sr~ .flo.Ilin hY5seo. tlv l.' Io.-, ,o...-iwG,. 0. if- . njb-A. s~.~.q,'t ,gg.I .-t hat 

ntu~loesn hr1.wr.:,nvý 1N-it i'. gelo 'isll101. Ito Int.A i- @-%. X ,#;, . o lm- nisiw ,beie f.. t lmh-l wt 

CONFIDfl:NIAL

(Pont Aii zeLit nlmP4 nar ernE little' ,.uiil'n-.iln' low stirt pftmA by 

set enpivil tivu~ing %on l1w gas omiernoatilisn .'lrnedae that (M+ 

loomiaehr ga.. (-s"ee. in anl .'pl.opioin veovele ehillm'l tern 

- t214' uemiim Wituter 4*6 I them No f as vu04 %%bow a. r. ZNId T am stir IMau lfr Wiliest. tIhe' brat 

ho"-itel its !0111 '. anii a~e' that po-Aile'r gai, olvie'kly ex. noom;uw y' vesselt ails' le'mywu m - shope masolo Whh-la a 

panskt4(Ponmt arills- witaemhamt- Isun esoaat11.tal a i'sriugrn IdiW-lgii~l~lpl: i Isylw Atwoiernai'ipt. I aneI 2. 'fla- -vwha4 

Iril-aiha e'enoine'inv mo'tor 01 nar gtie es*igjn sof mrilling 1tH-f-4i its tin attractive. emece hovs'iiw'. lw tur , taeg 

than at 1lw meuzze'"? wlt.'w the %apt arrived novmle'. ilatiperfe'et mixing. his. (till %.ehwe 6 n'mt nimliarel hi peaft. 

Tls'we sriatupgrso(e noammpmuwam' wilt 1w m."n itsr swn'- li.. 

sopumll torn ilea, v.peillin-41 t'haeee.0 in the' fM11n'ez iu n 4i 'T1 wlrnenmovrn of whwhk loop PIPefi'r 00 sea Wieivoile. 

a'egeilitrnrieem aanole~r the' lateetf eesimmw wepee rn w.'eetroelbdhe tapin w imntilatstiolpioAa 

s~e'cslemel thickiNwem too Ats". or; tho-exi 4u the. firing 

""' Qwm'ungni ienele~ ;aalI.a~'imwA 

iivomrl; it variamt 1mom 1AIM oter AIJ.'HII sM. 

lag vurimyl~ to lt~rw.k-r wat- tmvii. ranging Erian 

oilgi-itits"iei Si Ia nd FN I I unit rmin ItlDX polwe~l'o at 

An s'xlewe'nleI .e'r" o e'Ni-rnis'tet esit lIme fri'.'zig-g 

in .4 e'. 1eililmritint in Istmolte'r pm-''..rel'e5Iii. ow' 

it its main' e'.rnni'niisirnli ratleel. WAO ix-rfmw'woel few 

ovoresxiitma' itsery ir heet. tbtlsmlonl'.lve.' powflenspweah as 

tt,'re'tsr. loutlj,.tite in tfie criniflatiom at time ovil'w'v. r. 

flanging (roan 2420) lit U14~t K. With powdeh's a( ltow 

lDivis4efsa I at lit- a(4444em " I-iea Ieeaen' n rhe'.'e "vloff. Se i'ratuww. ties e4awtwshr gaa leasd 17114eupsmi.i 

exu'rrnve-ntt. anl r~iofers *ao' nualeh tit oamigs no. mapiM tiemlo vvi'ilnig vaeeim-tof K. o~theetine'r 43.5 to& cow. 

simoling no pseajirle't. ley e'.spinnlinat the' jvte*. hnmi, a 

aemalt tiring t'hamlifr threnind, a nowes" intern a macrh 

mspumudling tirn eleme'nm'hiing tenmpe'raturevo 44 171X1 to 

21111K Iftetiperinis'irto is wlrieh nearly ell theptifoeip.' 

lastot v~tawu srbcuaar. *Ila- zeanpisat'u. rlii. weit woo' hionit lae'fum lremeking o.4 the rupture aluk. (.as 

Altooa 2WS Ira.. isemlron, oif onoe' high fham tempe'rut ur' toouswlv 

If 1M.' Maemuie tierflotme'l affiahntiiea."Ifo. life' Po a.' K41' llwPt vahee" ~41 A'.. Almed two to three'. whielit 

'14111101 uileelt' 1`111011-41e emet 4s'urnrAna jilt.s, the' tlmroeet in mazy In- inte'rpreted liter meaon that the nedditiaxwa hitt 

the' citito r, r, - 2, t-7- it where To anud T' ar' tii. eli'liv'rm'l inti the' e'itapnitiene e'hamlw, hi' the ga 

ti'mloonittre'.' it the' ga.. in the' tthrow andl ths firinig ne'.ild nail v lie' litt'e'iunel a.' napidly no' in the previous 

o-liamlo'r. n we'iive'li. and l to if* the a o tic,. 11W rms'. Atc that the gui. clisoek'. mumrt slowli' anal had its 

p tierifi 'wt.'iif ths- pp. $toith- rxitoil fu~'(rrtlee'r npeo. e'a1 ,ilibeitim it~tena'lwel at a lower. temperature. 

ing by r xpunritoli intern an i'v~artage'eI e'lrnamloor .'hemsrnl Fewr heidi th~ese.xttmreme. theirt siaoa little' djffe'a''nr 

n.'Itiee' tht' ts'mpe'nstema' moomwntjrili' in the' rutiarn 

T T', of (P 11.), ~-". dhire to of'.trnli~mit rneihaj, tot, 

in tht' mmo'eat.' whe-ther the gap. via. expandeal into an 

e'iaetuite'e rhlamlir. isw inteon a'Irnamlwr tilled with or. 

the' valitti, in the threnat smE thes nsiotae. t'nierwemnms'li'. 

this, m4rnmsatari' e'a.iding isetit nel it'mmattnt. a'the' gI . 

rthe'at.' in the e'xpana'itone e'hamlte'r Irny'rvi-..mproi'.iin 

iteethe fiaul low pee's.'ien'talmeeei I atmn). In the' moraik. 

iMw. hoseernw'ii. note-1li heat i.' xiven top fter tire walt'. 

glin. t in the ,rnthrl':ina. with fine oilooeresoih.' itu the'q', 

lle.'mleltmwasuKooggrte wwIigo'rrted 

nceir' e'ffie',entli' in expiensiaca.4 inteo a vaker',m than 

aetik~a.neer~n untmoopl-ere'. Fe'r examenple, with an Mlt 

Peiwdere. A, (vucue'iem) was' 4.9. where' A, largeae) was 

andl tie' net riftla'e i a re'ia'tivelb rapidl cmiering. It "till 4.3.s'.wrn'peewlungtetatmperamrnti". 42040antl 1870OK, 

hse in,'ttinici'e tern neat. that the' wall.' eel the' ehatmhie'e 

that wa.. upoed *h'lmeeieI alkswilrn uloliret 0.2 tern I 'uel rtm.' 

rrpe-.tive'i'. The- lower vaehee .il..'rvted in argon 

maY leaie' twe'n eiles to, imp.erf-e't mixing of the two 

1.4IM.le' ineiet one it etif' .'.'r~ 4 the' pecjwtlf'r) lNr graem (j( gatms'n 

glAoaath'rhittiea.. in tiliin'ime' lie' tirieig c-tandw .r mae empt jeel. 'ti'N% h a't athe unvnt eelitmidcc lii'.1 e'~'ac'.li'. arppat 

in .'reler tee vi.' m the gas- eeipo'kl v iter :,lwaet I 4M) K. viaelrh' t hat tern preaelceei ripe eri'. the' re'.milt -, iliffered. 

lit ai -se 'netl nwhsle't h i m o ~rnk iit rniitig. thle' ieneernnaang ai''r-nrling en,'i ai i ns A!, t-h41 na in the' ne".t piam. 

jsrnwek'r go.. %ao. nikei'l it0i in iela'rt Mo.' emt,,;.li' air' tgrntrnit( Ils te NMl pemltrne''. 7'.- 2tZ K. 

%Ill'ill the h''jexiemiki~n ie',.e'l 'li. wlrnitee tail lie'hat 

to, ho- 6trlsimini.etl :sif -10'e'ii en-i'l tet th le' l.deel , ,r,.ute~s,, . ;eew.'tate'i .. ei m .i'.6 4 

nimmicn' any.e'~e lwee, tý ii t~ile o epter ies tim %e;II6 iý%. e'- ,i, ,.t.- i Val.Ato Ghnrernitt. ',a 

CON FIDENTIAL 

~

.:sav14ja:u. K9%UNUi MASKStIS GIS 

I'm .wI ATIiegrvnr unai llIN'fllaip. 

Nil rw~Eaaler 

no wlaea vm..ala -no. ;mwaat in tile Anntwmurr.1haaw. 

I', andw N)wervmiaiwt m , anti the a'watw 

loairnoaal ineimstiiloll-ely. It is. l4iarverl that I 21W fr'fr4 

At thew f~ar 1"al'. theflw a omM aa val nlivaa a,( K, ilia *iiiialw o airninIii faairil ii, the porm toa ad naaatn6 

MOd~bt ampaaw htaa'ft uaf lpaa~ the n"Aw ad ItUU or"IIiIS is lhu~m a ro. 

luuýWa tand Iarot jos-t aaaaflaaal #is pramlne rfttinasn., air iarting amn aifilite. 

aheitwrtanerxcvw II ololid wa siorf ia~n rither acm, R~aiaw .1. lio~waler md all buernt of ropltam.. (33 a 

16- armou-ctld alweait 3.1t. Ilap-rver. will. au.iaao pasta. 

der. aaumnlowhat hw-, am( Ilia rarluaaa as the ,aaawer thwan 

gaaialw irr 4w it-we. naiflvwr .1) nostasu, U1 Iveinter thamn 

41.37). to eialiawnaliomall vllaer into stwm tw a vrataaam. 

lo4oaw"oarrmmaaeaatlfow in thpae O NM( ansi'lli. in thejw rtram-pw OrrP naanmol Tait"a ad K-. anoI mathl 

attesting~ :~a .t ttni aawj t" hw ampitoa laIWunma 

tiften, naietvienil. anol in aamw cammw~. ontaion a(Iantititim 

id~ nitrie ox~itte were 'csaimnal in the cqawanelal pp.. 

Psitawcuica lT Hurliat:: .ME)Ari, Nil Puts.:. b 

*ilae alifra'aiitt regionala c liartaling clenslity rimialal lii' 

al4initin-aWa % hen i he loroolan* at napitim arm* SIX)0 

Rrvitim 1. t'awoler all luaarnt at naptiair (0.llIt. culilmrI 

Alln~aler1, ~- 0.014 1, awastvad K . "fr nearSfl, rio- C - 

reiapuaimlinK tu ia agisaelahini tempatiour in. wta awnhat ain 

emayaf d 201) K. Thu.i ist harliaiva Ii to lai normnal valor.* a 

nothelipmoaI~w adf m ammiomaL snAi heAt Phsliamld thiawosow. 

ha d~mqiatc~iI agamarikiw, thea Pmu ato impsi .m.. so - - 

effilriitt it, Onehing.I 

Reii .1. Pode no all lir~nat at ruplaauY (0.61 to 

> 3.0poavoo~er, raiiaer.30 nnaaid.U - 04,00 toOX.37I 

E 

1. Motih vrapm in the m'paanpiaaa carnaher the vojr A____ 

ad~ K, uitained winy antanaiataapr high (aouaijit A ow I 

not i antil auiepatipotleal to gaaa'neht'gO tewlpeaurulam A011111 

in nfwaa o ad w RhaAn* tomrnjriaarn. t~$ee Figure &I1 

Althouigh little or no u nliactmt poiwder vtors iynarewnd - 

from the apparaliw. the rarlita, of the powdler mr £a - 

matanteal far iti the Sun wito, anifaaarmly lowe, qdten 1%4uo 

70) per rent. The paorea-aitnm ad If, in the g"n tuverin or 

liaw. (tilt and intih MC) went, pir~en.t in the pa., X0) 

ofltet strouxntinig air hlfl of the nitrogen. Tarry riAi. 

~ ~ ~ ea.a 

Vl;4iam A. Vallmo 41W4frPm aa wav artactsn nmlosa~to 

IKg;, faat NI if.ab Woqcawaa p,1 

4 ta~A 1. pn-.Lmut ,A 4 

ala,, aejimmulsted in the ntppariratai. T1r pabwder tam 

amaamaaI after rupture irvialentlY dil not luarn comis 

* 

&i MW mono ,aist'.a rew aa"a m~~.aa s in It va rimarm 

inai a a'-sobaa aaimv,-maaw a'n. rhifiwoof dPMawaa. 

plartriv lay the reactiamato ad Ore baA Aac a t a htinuinlL 

Iait rather deemiarnpoa4a oanlk palii~ll~v iaeiaaalf the (alit antai NO weire al"iata froam the gal. 11w C. 11. 

.#atge ad tloc rrid liaqaaia anal ititric maijle. *fliic intarlar-te. aaal 4) I a tile lxjtallahr nih falohl aaaeajanta'al fawir n the 

tatiaan i. favarirel cal.uAt 1). the f.art that the Paiamcll file. gun. oca that tall iiaalia-taliaaats point to a aaampla It, Writi. 

earntaga a4 Ili. raanimaaqaly remaittal in inraarnplete latirn. iuag 4d the waiter ppa raae.,ilaua'ntaa mnal N,. The iapiasring. 

walm laaagaI v ra-pa mail le flat, thae lailth %-alawa aW K, etai aplaaauticha fair thlia lA:aap rteturn to nora~lt~l Waaiat- 

.1 a aMatvaiaaal.fri ae(')Ct (IN rut ill OWa,aaall hadl a alightl i n tatI aana.a 'l)amya.aaaeaa evlug 

laimar valtia thlan in mrtafaaiaa. ra aaipalela laaianing. aX'!caa a4 Nl atlet an leal Ia' ild 111t0, I Iaa,114e iaaanaMgaal 

2. XV hen Oia, av p~acaiua t ramlsaia wa'wia. aarigiiiall v ala'ii-it a. ao( 4atalaing. tile faiatiaan enaaaaiaateieal it% the 

eaaaa'aa t ~:maua ilm. ;aaa-airr tat aaa1ae tt 111t)ela, 11ha na iszle lay% tlie inctretatea vailainte adr t ha' al ai*nui- mt 

5 

isalatan ad K, wetr eaaa m aate tIi hIgh~. ["if nail am anoanut. Itailuta alitiak paa-aaeara itt the ilnitiiaei ilaindiat high 

CI)NVIIINTIAL

vinsiough fewe tlist fl'ie tof tatiP'tin tie e Vtittt 41IM~e' tin.' 1ea. JIM-' t'.4t111I$ le ,illial I'.mgcy ~ ee inl litecrlCty 

iaIlu' fewr aaacrample-l.. loon-inphti. Map:41's Of Ianrlaing1. 1'flt lina-p'n1. aro t~i'f a ltit'-n in the 

Ical1,.niir tina aa-I inAnt eel clapalit'er. ele Ia ' -. 1 l ilt. 'qera~~, a.a',e. thIE eat il liken a'.' ip. :1 larval 

clokitlbivoll v flt6 iia4rply (ir~a .ii NO 'll ) a :lilt% nilu at lie to(flit-' ',trlr maet:-4~t. Nc'atiaa'r areltvicae' iner istrtte 

Mtrufa.r tie a laai,'r vdallu' in Vie.w .41fw tin e4antj m. etile' f011114-41 Mattler miric'l c'anli ieas caal Ise C'xpe'et- 

40 11w' rariftlie.si .4 th'o POP, cif fuscraing 15coi~e'rge ivia 04,. tom 01M . the hiwgh t.'na~w'sram Fevwafmt ilk tb 

$s'c'tiiepa 2.2Ai'. 1 .' tatinia.mic ara g'.-.nn' n-uae'Iwii aatca' it-it flit-i .t~a foot '~ a..ch th'ne-'tta~ itin,. 4mw' 

1w ol4 14w~ Iceave' I haIn jlee1eat Wd Min if I Iw' flinal 014 ow' 4 thaaI 1 .ll IH0 'i.4ta if ferol"at.'Iat high It.'nllsmtrtuelp. 

btatnaisig 6~ ite Iw' nutiniainitmi.'l. 116ie aiw'nitve ilhti pocisst wonuahl 1t4id14I. obionIi'iaaaea in a t'eeaeliag poos. Mrluittae 

aflvflt- lien'itijtal sinct) in prs'-.ua' :a ,',- aatt ly 11A' cant Im l-illt.'atr Ia:11nel iii enixwt'te'I t~o feaint in inertrIaWflg 

Ise twt.Ilitiie in tif- ineazab' Pue'hs that tie' rate' at e11etitshi Met1 the tewjv e.~tIMa fnhlso. '1ab.. tef riunaee, 

sthie'hs ifiwivarp' tale.iake, pla.i Wksse'a'd Im fill- rat.' all 46waa obt Van'eak' swtbu -Aaa' fie'wt cnue awe an a 

whic'h pvw'ep an- limuhatio-i."" ho thi. 4-xllmhsn:aicmlt. ?IN- jaraeehae' caf i.irnsa *'kc1e1e.tee.Reeei 

01t-ckvl sntet is, never 

leessling ,l.nsitwse". 

4,'61egai, retuw'Iw ins Itegtis 2 .4 .eea lIMP Inieti is, Igivr. lit )leW1Po 2.3.&. 

'11v antmmnlesms v~altws- to4 K. :41 n'Ie'tAauia lItm'm~ea's 

at( 391 aim wer' nuatl .eifaiae.'el ill. fiv't.Iesnainot pow. 

alis 4Ii.I'tt Itai eig fl~aaaw ternixwr:,t tin-. It allay 

aW te Gt.Rtci 

I'utiliritavia RnQenchion 

F~alhiu t unhn 

Ivio pulee~i'tua th:IE'.at rat lee' liver wlc-ýioisg pn--un-'s. a ' 11fw toors'geaiag tlW-pioeitesn ,a( siaie'ai-ing cpniaave'tmetis 

Relp..l 2 to landing :h'ni.tw'ep ooahl ,Ie lIe' rt-oliae'. givon*itora'swieltise..whethe'r tl'e an'tsim the 

vwith ,."o'h gaeewdtkr. At m'tids lew t I Ica- it,'mantinag b. 

w~atert vas n-rit'n,'1e1 vvinliconeae'ntA ste'riiiinarri rurmar 

pulewesahll fw ee .14 rl'tl' n nawi .arsl X 'e164-.'eat rt':eljttit- pasaaale'. tiea .'eltilibrinittt vztatsear ltiw lite recion at tile. 

talent I$( tile rate" Id laurnnaagt :an Wl e4 'use' arvti.4114 weal l eu'e*iviag t4enale.'rttttr:. Tea ealitein thip. iaefomnnaation. 

a~Iw tile pare.cat'e tee fall Iotleow t1w' criticatl vaite.' fewet im iiene".wury tea 'vinvilours lite evixcrinnKntul wimilts 

"ons~ph-tv iaatniurni.g. 'Ilise.attenitina is eeeatortwll, toy s. with ralsaweseximw'te4 ius fro Oe PU%4*etne"ctea' 

pe int.l Ipntfwene'Iwatwitat ema wnhwa. ~k,tiama. paw' tch'1 a rnanfpicipmn rail Mocetrt'n.'uly be mode is the 

Isensing le.weh'kr m'veahiacg imsev's frael iaal tea 1 ."qmn.- telleawing inanne'?. 

,es~og e'hatuaei'm witileail ccleinti'tiemn. Arrion at I t&in% 11w e'sp'rtt',I Xaso r'wanpeealient t-n be enateuaatedlol 

pitmiiewas we-iim ts le atlela1w' nie lttit~iu 1.V4f net- tiitng tile jeaweler 'efoaapeAetiean 4s vetic'5 l to Intiftota of 

emery- f~ew irititim. fit staeh et' niicwtnle' lIs eliiwde'rce atoatats oaf C'. 11.4 1. unit N flw' unsit. we'ight eof powdet', 

pre' Vil"tt. 4o Ka in at-%'tw 4J Mt, ,A~antutimest- in em'!u'a'antzin an ane'canwtl raluetatif K1G* (- K, at ordinaary pit's' 

a45). Ilco'a-elentrattictn in tle' otxwns,,IWWalwy how, thant stir') etrniisaropaciing too pomoat c'lttsen, pis tionix'tature. 

0 

of Avn,, asvla hatndlt'caaeiniptieaa4oufltle voltion 4 thw 

puwels'icostly inear 80 pwr rent'. 

Ther valaae', elf ("o) Ct02 were'tat's~ahtt(4I for K, -3.3 

(T - 1614 K) lipir the- varitacas puwdca's oludeiedl, and 

pleittedtt aoinet the aditalontir fihane temieructure, all 

'JA Octrure'nt' of Methane. Acret'clene. 

stil 0rid Nitic in uenche ava 

an.! itricO~ise ittQuenhed Gas 

in I'tiir' 9). In centler tie tnaka' the' clciret' etemparialons 

witlls tile ctaw'nc'hltig thta. lthe sphoeervetl gas roniposij. 

Iems frivana thle tianc'inriag exixp'flate'nnt, likewive were 

Mce'tine lisu- ctoisaIya,"iesmi I tliee 1w fs e'l in p.ecwlt e'r sale islaletl its Ks - 3.5 fins,, whatever vatlue of K, 

asxv the' resialt to4 sirtatwulary -n'neipe, acueli as feet Orion'et lik te exqwnianett. andl tile corieeponling 

eiamt4r. ('4) + 311!, - ('114 4' 114), ter 20t) + 211, 

- ('11. + ('0,. Arettle'sw his noot oriwt P-ia e' m'n tie':tIIy 

e':,ice'a 44f lte Co) 01a, ralkatai were evaluaatedi. Only 

eala it% which the eriat'n'e' ptinte't to conmplete burnm. 

it'peWie'. to~ - othet msavt'sligattars. In tiw' tiu'tt'a-ivigiiv (,%- itimoof lthe Isaiveler weriv utilized fair thesec rt't rii~e niian. 

je-iinw'nls de-dwailoc~l ill. 4e'tiaaei 2.3 2, clivi'eiticaI test. T11it. atcne 41f 1he e"qx'riiiient foar uhirl K, wast 

Acwswe'eI Ithl whe'n nlitric' c'et' iitas larc'"'s ilt the' gai., :anin'ileaslm v Ilaighi. cr ina u hidiv apaprueviable eunc,'ittatIin' 

heydrces'cnheim eanst ittwie'tt in I ti'le fie'tetl ga s Ic, tiuai 14 NO Wass fca"anl. weven inclue'tdd. 

e'q'taineI?4ee'yltsa',least when',, Sail toie' coh'w~s ase'n-A-t, Title tlells 4a eelIRa.rVeid navel t'N'cjs'etce Vnlleae oaf the 

arel ,viIete'LIU al-. t. egaille aily.16441. 0') ('IL rnicasi vp. tlae' fleame' teni't-nt4is'4ts is. given ini 

lw' ikt sic' aexidl w~a., Irn','il , :t,'.elnatcl a,'aav meicase'cI. Figsn'n 11%. it i6 -4.4'n from, t hi. fl',ican tikt tha 11w 

isa c'icgs'ritiivtl .n %ilh h-xi-, t'.t's eadelr, ande pac~rt vileatlY~ 11c14.111 ct' ai"'ise tic 'jseec .. fie'xva 

jef 

CON I'IDIFNTIAL

onmslubiolss., At. still A~wnu * vs 11tm-Ilw arllsat 

1 

roen-ol feimsn a cnljlmv .10 rilk' Mftf-i tiring,- l1i"l 

sn.k~ nuui..li~.I*y n-sA'n .o4 varilimsq, in the 

ti..loiilt-. ,*l1r.. (2) liii' hs qI-rsis. 4o jt-tlM i ssliliii5 stlly 

n,.ltl inIs-alsi -Wa Olrwlss por 

tuImiilal evItuilibliinumsr in f w xwlk'r ai 0e 

a Isat ivac, it 

ni atu la t31) the ",* mrmt%..lti. ini the hm,.lso .( later a mwsn mtit sive issvrsligntim"l -a4anti 

wils floor 6w.4 lwawiamp4som..r I" smgae. aso ausnsummoiia sink, uam. lst, .gusswhimmo 8a otmoma, 04 psls to in 

to" asa sr~ no momrlsaotoM m~a r (now bias li. 4roos 2.3.2. silk mriglwrnom (C'g asm trams, asmiuloo 

nv Is o am-'Wiessif 5mlwflimetsi't"dI lm- odls.Iime lie wlo. lot like tsltsr. M" I lI le o."ifit~in go, iflintigWWW 

It noar. thmlwio~.n-. Iow vtnirlssthNl float wijthin Rise vs-i ssrl thsat the ioswiwokt I1ssrnl its file 'te pa ssi' 

jwrimiwt~iI 4'vnw. fill siailm nstiooss ut figs %na"r pa plitowitls fiN iiitniiri. the c'ndwrv-.Ti-s ith rolknsper 

vilmuiel mom s tiitiAsI at ll-twidsw ess with 11wm tewainesa. Is, smrimin mmmmosngl and sasurhou ,sailswin' %m ssturr 

aso mpiuily ns the lenslwnstini- rhmantris swings, 

ais so ispth isomoitmm of F".4 106wi 

Rmisis. It wultloseinaiifisliom thatW us'r'bat~ifrsi'flrt 

pm 1 ?i& mas assuitiag l'viw #fwplrtfi ho' bimi its. in 

esgusililmsss,, with this Co andi ('14, total th-r4sw, 

SF~A1 ,siil~rition 11isniilr 1w Carlmists .Atimsta msstAo five tiw l osll sf ,-smlotry #si-mrimoni afterv lumen. 

weigi have' a~tolor" v "-. Imwl" unnle i y rionuiuju 

lmaistolsi-ig illi, Isis-ls. sndmlio.lisus, sic go( ..s-issssary 

In exiognaiwntms wills innos'sisg'tsr liosmmg at the 

insimit tif n+l-gtA it4 In's-sn'r (csinuinsrs- tFs'listu 213.21. 

n-raimitto in asslsiitsios tooshe1 water gtas uvlimson mwin. in n (sws 11w rarlisn gaws wets in nislliaml mwsitilwibrim. 

P61164-100s. Willi fill' tlsiigrwswi Ouf 6IW9i41., r.alwaisfciiV- 11W I11011t11111 Pnrssti wass .'soamlially inarctive, and 

ity. a thiril. nwm"' k"m. l is imsvraulabirh fur testing Ithemfuin'. pn'tsiuahly a Imothas-f it prirnaur ifervomthe 

HAi.tilaitistn 4i atsy sine .4snesis ansoicsa the slit. phsitiiin it4 the 4iscinir m*tn-als. 71wss Acetylelne al. 

fettw Smstsi,en jwlmu" It( a Isis- lbs. Anlssnit its m smm. wayso sitrril ualr 4 il a Ital tol fix- 11 mssislamorate activsltiolswst. 

byi titssa its nssliomnto-iv imiio4ir no u a Iruan's. 

FSma ,s0l, exilirrinsents, rsoiot-irtiti51 iay Iwi dra#wnl 

itys.4('t) cr(ON, ulsigls wimilsi indfirale tbat it wail a 

Imlinso uf(l' (1) o C with a hyslnoaurisio frog=%&t 

.!al I 1wth .6itsl tr 411'elplfihrillits in 11 as Pi s a 

wissil. Tisis ran I lime tisogs(r surbom in Is assing lienrss. 

Blilly ills M4kmqivisei isililoll (0'5) %hIl.is+ kin Ioplisil 

________ 

Al *t 

ansI hines. lenils itielt partirnilarly wt-ll ftwmsi ssag as a 

nai 

Ilsei pinnis'ip .4 .assh an mix!qwtviist Is paftf"Imo goby' 

lfigts 1I. Thbe po~wder etriarp is sisalsis sitk a 

isiall quaisnlil~v 4ailisait lmoimleooset s-atains-uuasnsImn 

lamningc Ilse rliticatlsmn. as4 ingfisuilsl lov the trl lines. 

aisa 

asuttfing the Isoiwils ptainsi in five oispjww Ix~tr 4 I -he 

flpis. 11w rnrlmsn almina in I 1w 1simwsbur its-f an 11.55 

rmliommrive. When the psmowilir is lasrustil . file 11146i-asgs 

rosrimn alsiist in the nalitngt aren' siivefls-wl Pitsgs 

atsmog willh thesme tuwissoivte ixswiwue gains. KxtelinnxrgaX, 

seertisuns Iake plan' rnistiog them 51ns1 Allow .4( the 

rrsislling m-rlmsss nssssimle soul carillon vfioxue muoleis-iles 

lesissiw rmslicitirtive f"isn flat press'nmss go( sraer 

_V_ 

aos~iqi .4 radisirsorblig as otiliswn 1wv t1w ml siusle in 

the lesser part sto the figure. 11W loisurlmigon s sit iariumn""ik 

r 

m-j.imwi~stsrti-esno lie thlsts'nnineil 1wy n'rrevering the 

jsauolers gamies ansi simwAlsr iig llssir sl~w1 as-tislty. 

11w firts i'j'sil it(" thii Agi, it s-rhmurisl at soas__ 0 

"" - lsw Irivinig (sitiinsl. ils-iiansWralml. ft:%I trame ,* m , a 

a, Miss (s.f lwan%.v mrslso, C'I5 inis~m is' s ifrsliosu-risin Vis "K9. VAII .." (01I)i" I1"s Cas him vamsmm 

C. 1 As-rr tinifion,,I .lioi nsloile lst44- fnilen1 tiasi,. g.,sb..A as K,(;, -3..1N-,,Iuu.Ituinsi jf,i..su.l 

es-i !m it s-:,rlsm n sosisuuitile and mrolain slitosidi nimi"t 14s41441 ti m tivi: mtlmur si.si tiarg Irmilsfatulin. 

CONVIDENTM~

34 'UEfV VawiKC 

s.c 

at I. mat: 

A ns. 

Ip as: 

-0 m (o 

Fllml. 1 0i lwwf, Iivr~u we"a wj3&vrwteaillehn inl-up 

3300 3600 5000 MI 

T's ~~~ ena 

0

fmA-irtnu in tfse* ;rilamnai. to(..ema~.,5ma "ovmf l j . ftIfeiwaul asl m~wnslm.m~~fat11smaV si loss In- 5 

firr nnamoe. a .ingpjani .4 it- raidiow-irfutoi. *fls.. lark to( faaea., flu- mrmlmI::5mnI :aaaI mmmio-ivni.li;nisr~s 

mnolama vgs aa.ilv amaaain 4e ( 5I mano ( 0 Jinm -la..a~l~.S mnemr ilimamitm.e,mi 11:m5 511W (mmis.ell ~ t~ r~ 

SiverWlo 4p~m m of~a Iat mW pwft*~W tot t hi. 

.4 flop s*ratl ut1g.1co o fu4mlli~tis mls..erIil in ~ 

in~h~t thw itiefooprowiw I ' i. 

4 Aviin" 

2.2.2. 

U~~~~ Off.Ht))~~A14(F I'Sfll)1 G qA 

"L Flpiioill in Ptbea.Is" Gas 11w Time. hewn 4tssansk PnamIea 

The olthfite qwibo*Macas "on-minaag the. veiofe. 44 inmi ni I,%-~tn Ow w roqssmctcnot-osolss. 

In a armeeerm 

engsalilsianasm in Ivmack'r 1p~x hart ran 2mm xiamaa at thimi vron~4. if tielas ,ras'-a.f easoraa.i asulijlomeal" r, thin 

fler am ther Aeilimasnj. soneaerv viluslobINtIst for Pooe too lime* onliecirAvow ~ambm. 

11w~nntacef~wm1.mmvm~:aasia.qa~~cwlashe~sm ga~coan 7.. In 11W artimaII ,a-,lizanrIsronm " ANN~5:Fiw 

.4f(1) 0 . mnsimme ($imm .gsMIg1.nsi1a w.(qwfaswts-nox %ith t ties-am oase.,v 6 e'qaniwlwia iam Itai-iinf; thes is.Iamt'jsr 

nmtie~s~igaan~icessn lssaing iraicnt'.01 Slan 1kaes1gr, astil. ill flo-i woe. 4a Voa~ n. ill 4lmnog tICfsW5 avirk. Ae 

its ehmi"eI ccjssalilwmsinni tnnosnic Ilsa sntsyr two. eon. refta.Ssmt. flu- l lowsI oo-uisntinKig tw o eb-pin h 

tolttoists.t rls4ssy * su~llsw 11 ue " 4demama mevl tcmiaa~nhass amin time fitses Iawo Simsjaasxamslor r ioe loon s than the. 

duinitfloor lopmolooins ut-tor. simian tom .Aljmemt I~aiKl K ailialnir ts-iml~smlratimtsn r.. lufntoasmga lia..4f fl w u~scp 

at peowessrs as uovv fil Ulm. 

Theorsariant gaaecw anin snaasteslsnmgsaibiiaiaam islmighjwuormsloo 

sslonsitimg.fuilemSiacisng ~shootiliveasnomitiltatio 

too dlw .e~masrainimanc tow, v In-. ti-rilse-I she maerpp rehaccm/. 

lmnuanieiv, it imm I Is-n 140 014MfrI ill 

daso lutieliv~ fixa grosset lco Is,. lenosii ,.tiawml in the 

tier pivolllifltig mefaff-v% pmini i~a Blemd afl plid NVWPM T..h~k.aL. 

W7mrg haunuiem.w iavsat &s~I evo'mi poseaento. cwvslhla.. The. ties onwammlymannir ;arsslili 'sat if**has. to evaluates 

Ain is in aintiniedi oini whern a smrtai meiamimetas iSke-w srIcks~a wl. fmile n~mtsd Oi~nwlyisstativr (sans' 

Pmer lie (gluiest fin amin) ite e.mralsml: Motorw thime. timspan 4wesh ace time Iw~t rvsnts'nt. t1w rvotiriq. itune the * 

wts'tr pa n'artion s.,jasilalmann ine ones s.,.nioioielil. Iwat enjonsaisis'aslowrtiw-aentsaeigal s.anil thrirnaixfoorr 

7%6a i6 .4,mnn far thea seqalt.. if eg o-x~imgs~iori. An..oo ownasa its iwwak-eh' pxAc. Sines' the psupeastie..e at 

nonfoia Iasth with asti wisliemat Sru" naaisrlmsou mly in flu- nomtilruclasneadsi.sm toltah ositrminwitismf. will thin i 

the powitev. tilm fliwsia odc olpion filae'snapilibitrnas~ambasfihspaoaa.n& 

Ove siustm rf' 4iss ma ~iuie'sv saw, Ias' nmitri lunrs.o. sricatiosm. the ncsiniibrinam 4ianusanta anal their ran.a- 

Mckajmeirunnwn cmf h~e ts'tajfrmiirtosl' cal Sis- lomovmwms, pis fition voids S~ Ssmsagwrtss tian cond the admivitr nuntA be 

sahow" that whm~ a mvswnanialtals. ihasanews. i6 niaci fear knsmen. 11* ,maa't( I's clos tImepa at high ckakutiea 

heat Iowchna. hiar nmomnnesn I tslsaaminretaa' sm4,r aatrs a losnem athloart wsd'v faiot" timesie tlC the ask-al poa. To 

with the iaktlnaiial adalinflimasSr aswitsn.lan7iiA theraaacaslsaantainse Ithew iaartpinsm- are frtmrvty nvAt 

trinpmrortuaas i6 raktlraalntdIm uloy vnsero lntdnmaiir nicrth. ,mnatlel bay 4mj~sMw~ing Its. psImi'at~ieta tier pat vetNoilc 

emits. frte known cewray alsasa. anti fear ponveoolisat in have if it we're iedn. uand zapallying fin wcineen for 

too ZMNT~ 

WS -1-. 

CON FIDENTI AL

A~u MOWK3Tt114 COV nOINU,:u G% 

th-prnrtutnr from, 11i.6 .Ants. Fo~r thlis. :qsjmsaarl. 

aneivisots ipa.l.tat sots 53&ia~t. is' I~iverpstarIv. 

4 h~tAJllniiss 4 .so It,,iwta Itisitt III It i,' i I I 

ana tush van ds Iraw roaskq 1 .m in tie. fai. ms pis~koell 1wv 

*Ahs. ale.Mfl in ro;...tion ts'. btaa is'..', tw..',uiy tn-11 

ss ~ .I 

lsitnt-lt.' jws11.1 hsave. i,:,v.' laushes:il I 'sma't.tai ineIp9'ti-- 

-& ~ t5tltt ~ . ~ iy~ 

~ "'(9m ~ l 

.-. ,IT( 

V.mr 

1m 

kus given hers'e 6s nerii.aaniy I"-(. and Ohai "-hren~t i iha' .1 La n tis e4ty is( fliettos. m.l/..d =1' sitheis. 

ref,*asil fosr ti,'tait., I4sa :5C DIW re.pstrt~l in whirlis is. rtsbmowiswLAi evrrniolie lik te apparent Viluitke of1 thisgiven 

a (kill sin",'at ii 

fiurio. of tike' vani~stsv 

ggitewasdaia:h. 

e ,w'ill W;stt lle 

hsi'tltra'!5.1'h 4v'.tnntmie or'vj't. tIla van 4h-r Waais.' 

4-19111. 4~w'riasII. (,W tie. -ttfrariirP fAme.A' im'tWt'cn the limas.juetuttsstt. 

a'uiroa, as. tim... nway In-' rate4sivti t play only a tninsor 

nde at the. tesinlwfattmn' ad powmh'r pin. 

Co~7w' Oa%* 

.. th'yM.4 *mm t salk"ntjws 43 Isolsoer, xw 

Tim. saatttifisn 41',n11I)Ia'li is Itht of1 i~A'Wi atidl Itan. tissase with s'afr".usit avsaturay.o f tlim nmnuntsasis of los. 

dilaY' 111w' suntimn.r~i ,.at,. a'mau'.n 1w .'hainetgn ii. a',, 

vinergy :1t It K. ata flli Ptsws.. that esE lisM' jeleal P0.. it 

t-is itsu sof ,tat.' linjoces'n rs.ii~statio (141). whieh 6s a van 

.krasa sms irnepawfir"il i's i rs'nsa-inotpaiw.'nsof 

"lay Ike' itute thsat roe..nicor lif flwnnatiaon (cnaitiuant II . iIst'iIi ba'a .. tws~lii'lcl 

vasilunea' astil nipsAmti toabsaf foornsaatason ans mlltoydia' .rssintiow..U 

tiveseghiftit. fIlv' ene.r.gU.' ar lit'sitainvid fravn soavrn'wul- ~ 

tiasnal Iluatsa Got ronluilit iai Q, 1y eqauaationt tT'. in whiciah I' + + 

~~~~ I UiS, + 0. 102

4, 1 

for the %(ItI gumiler frrmn' wv tit in Awtilon 2.IJI on.! wimaw. futragivni'" ss, therowW omfow~piUPt" 4,Iqii 

Talu' f ( l. .114 vsm.. tt)A11 ss' p gwms n~w 6 .imti tis w tt evivs'iatiun (131, 

2. 'sa itrIWaa~.nw..4m~t.. F f ra1I~tiflo ion Ito floerow- at the xmurdm ti 

(-_ SO4_" (in" ran-Iva',. p, .ml/ 10u ats& pwim go amqt 

C 1ew 3me SI..m.i.I 

Nil. 4.17 W7.1 352 

Ntil 2.3I t 2. Aesmmw*. lm-iw' t oml~lutlm Ito lo. mulittive in a amitut". 

X'4 01 44.1 st of xmm- (t-Ii' - WA) anal chirte further a 6diwe 

(it L.20 31A 3"L de"'niiy ao'enlinmg to e.11alsstma (17), 

or.b.~h, b mm d 4 W' m 22.0&.1, (7 

Fir .m mitirn ~ im' . nsp~ri~rnmn whmf ni if.tem totuml aiimhert mulpo'w a puj~wer 

hue noy m.'s-mmg.,id dijtie'v tv i.. ~itn.Isigm Of gImmd.'r. *nmwi lime, 4N3at~itn 

ltom 

idE ,Ale. (10) ram s 

e-iote dflvy yIk itoi-6 NVm~l4 fit IlIN. pn...mlen. in sstise'jlms' er inaesim 

of cowimuie (12 in, 113-. with cqtuatiemn (131., 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~u Masm 

(131 in which the nuwwrical com4elfirest 3M1 in the VAN- 

where r h uefke ,.o /22.98 in atns/et/eJ.vnrs/nrnle and the fuartli. 

whrr re .m, n areii the aitslrr frlur nl theptottr," D(P, Ti, which 6a ii. .mx insperfctitiua eanwika. 

rtiqm~v iti* b' is &in temixtr as v I gm. u(pwe, antim. fewr tIhe p) idf the term, an the uiht4madS 

Isapurtzont applicutionts of thue eqac of s atde f41IIS(~smns1 

uftm in I he esact rucssulatiun uf the loer""tin., cons. 

pootition. and cm-PV of pomirer psi. m. corn" iqon fe COMI-.MOK GY Powtorm GA&% WA Fvuxcemrusa 

the eimovy of gm imupwif..tiua is -amwll almd niuy In, ThaLmmmirumm 

m-gleetcd in t~ic virolgilird culcuat ion o uthe adia~loutie 

Ammom temper~tiore. 1,K- eurrectiuew fur' the pIYtwesre 

and the comopiu'atiun, on the utothr hand, are. Izsri, 

arine KA'WJEmelnfl thiem wtoalil leadii tu v4feiAsIA Crut 

rm cuprlu of poaclue p.% aurienth the tem. 

pc'vaun'r andlel dsasltr as a mmwut of mWift in the equin. 

Iinttlmwi 0f the Che'n, icusI rnetiuceL For a gire rear- 

tiun, the equililiriiuu cuontant ht fur an ideal pe 6 

related to the ,mtanmilal free ent w cheap W"' for 

THU. (N*Mc.%G OF I'flNX.AL LCF-:itOT wrehi I), ,%arrT the rewlition loy t'swiszition (19). 

The internal ionerv tA actual X2"w, tonlike that of - .(9 

an wieiva mix, varit-s with lihe v~oltmbe (ur tim. .Ie'mitii. m'cosepriilnntwnstoth.equona 

rmecuntrili-ehime ist nflaltiveIV motri1, and uri."ah'I. :.oiu..tMein-tino Wrgtu hitento 

exr~r~'el he fant e'nperut~re 'istt~~ii ~.EIlk- impm~ convutsie*:t tit timew la'e-sast tadsslnted fn"i 

6-rtit .RT - (nty .theim trnperntiomie euwtti-fiisei U 4'-mnervy Chas:ng% are nlsesnIly referfred to tioe enstri. #I( 

6 - /MT Ily4atstil n-v~uira etm44Imti tlict~ mutvnilard n'e'tiiss at 0 

it 

K. 

has. Iovrne e'valualt,t41 flor t~evpmtiliu-mtt of 3)oitille gm 11e'I-amL4' tI 34Imga iiis'pi'rivei't'm eurn'etiufl 6s different 

imy f i.. 'ijl~sii~bi yp*of 'qotiin ~fitr iiffi'n- sita ' vco.,.lumu' tiE K ao. imlinaril 'vik-fsu'd in 

z (vpx immip.o, - o -le x41 Kg r -CT,) (I I t-i oeusf stxissl prvnsre, cuntmittration, or muifrae.S 

CON FIDE)NTIA~L

turmn zt Yi it h flu t - 'i""Y 'o~gvf lb"gee 'C ite ial" u 2.4"1 'Mec AtfiaItatic Hattie Tremperateure (: 

p. * x i~. f.orexeeuui11h.. iclee 'ICW too X.11 ret cn 

IM,~n , 

014%e at pirh ;o".mono.rn thee tovomaml, 

we appy write WrjituaAICII iZ)il 

not l.,u.gov nw', hilt in- Pw~ 

Up lilt. 

2.1'- 

ICne _f 

.I$- 

27 

KltlEv It-n lp tit.ps tw irromipplinpe e I grtim of 

psowekirll at i$)CieeIuame1I te formn thle (r.A.-eeteie' Prodimtet 

at r x nnel ele-neiYi ii, crop. a36 ejpetwt ini cgit.a 

in wleh" -t.. the .trtivity e.fle- fir pop' i. ant~lf, t iett 20 

thp fnowiioy of pi j. Comptlain, II ro ytq iem" fort theiw ,1 Itot S 

* IC - Jr(Aqwmitt wte Ki K,]AM (24) 

- - Z MSlil E(41 K 

Teindihratedt intc~-,r ti~uV lIe~ie vautt'i ffeL.C like The? te'mini E111, ana E(21 teipthit,' n'pn',wn-t the 

q~toCtalio1 (of Plate'; Vahleta 41 In 'v fltCM ehnrel have c'nerV p' sflurnptise sit pow'eh' at JUM funt the *I@-* 

lkern tableutceteeP for vatlag' Cf.. x CIP o .. lip Ientot at 0 K; RO,3 ilt- it-Pm~tive of tile teneW~ of 

The (411ti111 on ti mntlst i2Cuiv lit- ovrlttti' in tem fpintation of the prouchiti from thle eklemente., both at 

of the fupeitzex A. at Y.P. a if ~tvtatel to K,. the'. 

e~egeilirieu n t'maa e'ne~tint of ~sr~e~ 

luepinnrneen with e'euat' in (22%. 

0K; EFM is the ne'ptive of the cnerW reugifrd to 

IMtj.1 tin-' proxhitme~c ini their 3tantljtd Aucttc frsmO0 K to 

r K; awal E(&, wittib 6 lhe ievsti~v ofd Owe ntwv 

K, -KK,- KP. 

K, ~ ~ (2, 

~ 

imr eti am' ieniprifmfrion. w yeptiots; the enrW' neceswr 

sneeevert t- coon-K the' premhmetort frAm the standard tante 

K, On n-ilia, o Al jrrieciim". the i'atue' 4 K, 

ehzsactei~tiuf te ie'~i gae. 'le' ern'riem it 

eee~ietin K, 6e eeee.jeni'inr, 

tdiilk'AIxpsto thle'artoeltAnte. RM slid E(21 am corn- 

t~tt aleitiv.'Iy u 

fromn the' energies u( formation of 

ewetkr consatituents referred to the elufnents at 0 K. 

elaeed by equation (23'. E(1 E(41, anit E(51 are uimilarly ov ie adtvl 

(nont the correspopnelingenemgeee for the gasetis produrctie. 

Fur this ptrneaw. knowledge of the eomptmeit ion 

Ke to Kr - A~ (23 pfwaeer atT'Kandlt em'isobttaineietfrumthe 

vahw -i KG u itlnedin the Ink itparagraph ol' 

Va'elues of G for the' variecewb re-actjeeea tliaet maty eeecr Smction 2.4.2, untI front thle roomptipiticen tef the powin 

Puwdeir PR e ac aienlated l fee il te vutew-e of -f ol.. der in termvs of molecs a( its lelements per grain a( 

tamekd by ctitmaticon (21) have beten tateiatate'd."4 

Whe-n it imeele'cin'el totevaltiate th-eticupar-it'emof als 

powder. 

piecieje ngixturr at a given tempeixrature T anti (fell- uu 

eiv.,it bAetotjve'nhent to dinal "jit A'., the rqWmmImleti..rurx ii 

tint egeucitant in termit ofthe' n~lhetivr neuniloe'ri 4e rnele'i c atimrz 

i~o or Tmx Au..RmxnC FLAM.u 

if( a ertoeeotitowent iw-r xmno uf piew'k-r rnthe'r than m'. h It will be noed that the' highest temperature that 

K, *'lhe two ortmeazntis are related by can hie attained aelialeaticaly by the prothicis is the 

temperatture when the e'nt'riy nelcapoed is teo. 71his 

A'Q.).ti'mec-atuare - ri 

K. Kk. M) 

6e called the aeliahaetic fl~ame temperature 

7. It is an aiatptortatnt eoetweant for eatch pyowder. Its 

a~te,. a th' t tw nmnumereeCmileteeCthe ~uamee 

prnee. I in N*lt Ite'twot A-ll te(jP32) the qioveetity revnr.n~tted 

tiret~e "eee ther aeemlseer eeCno,1e"e eof mrtaeats in ,tee* 

Chemicalen e'egu2tiftie 

'-oto e'.. illatectoe tw KIn cc K2im tile ekiite'.I ttee'git~e O.( tnd 

Optvyet, ro4.k io ikmigost.. PA i #c~I tr..eete4c'ee'a K 

CONFIDENTIAL 

Sf

4.iinleitalm. Is.Ihe Kin lemrm-fI s. mi..itjset e4eslodewl i,.4-%- ilor ri"-e oi ils. Ili 1. It n mooi. 161i~e g trgiemI.rt 

yln 

eyelii~I Lh~w,.i..:iwl ,lswite rnooti"l- e.,l.*,rnlile.. Sp ats Oil l1 evolmslionvem atoll oleviieetse Fam* iA i 

It W:30 601V,sI flinit. 'ielve flu-~ 1eionv~ite :n alrmn 1 an- 

1141141 si~liliiv-s Y. n ~e -~s iliet'if.iem5i.vil .evsll.I 

I..a mtbi'ed Iw if a ,sesitalili nilhi.3ie4 elolI 1w. eu~mIr 

goein. o..eseioee.. l, nossl- 114I few rvv 1 mA .4M4~. 

fliw ta..,,., eewrxr r~~eloeiom at UPII K was tiva4eo 

takeis lot for mesh sep .4 thr two..&oo vsemiti ebw 

fu limo- iftge. Oweh noteeepesoitiem .4fth6. c-h~ -, It muse. it( -to: 2t. (' loal. a ofi4lvlt 6rowr valtv th 

0n.0 ,..e..l4 gI baI. 'AleWis. thi~ e. po lolse ifi.EI, %:I riene. mst-as es,.sllI fo 4% ol'"s.te.i earn tlei. IWiltsei.e.small a raiompoll :1 d 

P..iooI.ov a :I iv-to 115 ifliomnnt5f f,.e fifuvitT~ wigoa .1.1,4 glestw4efgnsm- rvelimeotato bosssl to# NW.merowmm 4 

asitun ve.Iimse an- mae. Iit-tlY ietilewimltv Ill- ttee th-a. Atlo-volils".i'ls.nsW.1h~bbtS~ 

mitetv -1.1" at vetry isi~l lre iausi.il itleetisti nvi I I.. 15inigVi n -"vwoI few t, W~seni dof Amoriulive 

tlw karp- ifortogs .4( oeeee.r.~l-d r. aew.t gusatr thian ti-m., 4261 ev-.slg.. 

lulK. t.etiagi-mil 1231i se lironnoetA. 

2.-0 +. + T ý 

. sjiki 

to it y. ii, flooririgiet fraction it 4onisrIii(lm 

(25) 

4.C 

r. - .111111-t41144 + f1pa(10 -1 I 

In egee410:it141ee a nel Al mi.ge.invi 

1W aes 3ea 

clsitai. (271 nneio (291, "~~weliii'e* 

A - ;fC + 0.0115 IS& 

by 

111 eungeegwastie.sniee~te 

tm - 0.O000=8 - 50t1.C4 m~ 

eowmels the. ewMr~ menwol of2dt .n. hek- -- f 

uoinmiisalow tde. arrrup' valivor etg r, muer its. raiege. lot TIle. rule.. lot To 4011111iesl IW tNO KPPPeik. 5 

kApIte.. at 2791)l K ~niel l1w C. item ervaimlivie. Iirst fow ausldigiv irons eetantot eeC psiwtL-r e.'4ft~kjs~a~ . son. 

the mop~w. nirot (14in the.l.b Immis ano j Pervinil, far, (2111) X), a. Soel . lee MAWfW'r. 

-a-.. 

%it N b.,4- t Oji 74.1 iP i 

I)4pbm y~-meins .2873 -auws.? .gtw 4L4 

lhMMOVtjehowlae 

ltillievors. ivee -,--J3 

Waoter 

At"Oir~ie 

AM""~a 

M~hisn-1 " 

Ftbyt illo 

C(drefeito 

.438M 

Aim1 

37s 

.107 

intl 

.29 

211111 

-21P142 

- 7M3.4 

- 1.317,0 

- 13743 Ag2 

-3%12.3 

-2711 

-357?3.7 

-2Nv2.7 

arm 

AW6 

AiMR 

JIM 

.IttI 

.10J4 

.12142 

.10444 

n 

AM4 

24*R 

IB 

pit 

S36. 

64A 

no 

Cwi...igoetootsid .37115 M. .00 IX I 

Z1111 -4174.1 .142 "A 

l~i.ert 1 l~l~se.4 

Tujoir.c,oedloecow 

Thaeelem 

Goiniforti 

NIIl.Xf h 

gese!.0.,.1.574 

1111 

am2 

.4191 

.1.49 

.482M 

.2"A 

-211616 

110.1 

-5973 

-_1M2A 

4015 

23 

131 

.1013 

AM". 

aw)7l 

AIM03 

13748 

.eeUn 

.eetm153 

3". 

38.3 

4331 

fl. 

2W 

3M 

gy .eIIeVNTIAI 

.12.4 set11453 

AMS

Othetr 'tlwrI1111uI, 111i TN. tutl# 0s9di w uiiis IMwnts fr 1w I N'M140PrsAd ,ssu 

"Pmwrtict of Po~sduru t;&. 

sytis in 11w Plate saC tiar slaf ga W) (id ais** 55l lY 

elv 3lm01, in whmich C." in C26aMr jwlrmllba nay Ile 

Sir 4lwnpist-treiit~ it in. desirableto Isva l.alsaatc e hstjwI frawamlqn tnal~s 1.1.4r sffit i- do( 1P.(Eo - &A". at 

vidini the . awyay, Oal th.spie of% W k" of P.M- two srirm" Wasprmaiw T. liamw.. UP isa .L- 

4WWW 

aspaflale paswsirr Sao el"ilowauiuui. 

At hialt1 she~ilwat nis nlhuwsrsww' the cimvr~ ii 

'idatl "-.n U II shatuils1 Ily swipatilm (2!t'. ~ ~ - esaaus n. sh(S 

~1%1'svA vw s hI fiti, valvw tot 0) K. twlwentinilly rl-p. 

"Vts ~,tIlk, lxat that M1au0I lies'all.IssI tunsisa' 1: '. tems. 

plurof he P~~I tmuwt~(niaO Kto T K. ltea 

C1 .Y KadT,. 

inwhie-hCIs~irnsineaI'E'stsWmeK. Psiaatm.v. 

plisen. amnsi tlam uthiet Pymbuls have thecir Italial sig. 

praulurts lvairx nsinlainai,4 in tiharmatl asnd dlaingai" nii~us.ths vqjjri s are 6samoht-4i 1 fran mt phasd 

(9itniiilwtium thn'snmizittit, ait the t-4iiiiiisitraW lamI( (A1 P~ rinstl of(P.% va T). bJY use saC the relationaaOW 

I'T ,;nvu~sjsi"ii toth ow octl 5 

3kaiy pp 'v puossass by ispautisam MCI.. 

emn 7hw E term in tiar &-f~initilm is - t 

-E..usrauL takens ns'~stivs' larensais the rtwtrW iv- -2.3WJli3T~) 

0 (4)% 

lom-ass Lo' priess up fly the asv~vm't'n. w 1i'terms ii' aIte 1 4a@41 

at 0 K. oins's theessslitiflritims presuar. titt lai.n utilmNs~.n ,; s'f-ifsair rsst' 'Iftl 1w ja'sirlc Itastofrs) (?dt mat, , 

Sime it& wroat aI1sh'5b4&".%A.ltfa~iWly I hes vul luallltv ObaiflW5%LAii Ohe (maefssaio37) curnlaiost 

atK IIX. 11. elszak - F... p ,. ansI O~w sst~slw itWtaat 

any ts'mps'rattwe V refi-ms1 toa its vislue at 0 K (C, -" W', Solt 

It -rr (is~mt iu (3U-1- .. ox ý r . *- 

+ 11JUl211od.Pr. (MM where (into is w "(sfamv" or impetult, aRre. It mtay be. 

Whi lur nahIe writtenf am rii tsiitls 4' 31 -noessi 

firm Itlit the inflsaronre sit prtysmve on the sp. 

cific litrats ors their ratio is,'aI and! ariasm(rum the 

RI - U,- E..5rto + 0.021214 (31 m'll teprmw 

prris'stimr. 

ttne csw~ffciewst oft the energy of palim. 

in artier to int rustfilr tesmbata frsk-i's us'I in the fi~xiagics 

I 51Sifel sof IAIuali.ts' Ssrtm3111 Ilasinic vs'ilar,.psd Tit. l'..%raorT 

in vamlswsins pli grain oniw 11 in astinvsasplhasie7. hentrnil, msi& trian tas intrintiaie vilibte, baa m 

In the. etwaxnicnstieon of M-Aiheir liaM is~us. FAItsastion (.101 

Tim. Spszrse lirv.AI exi~m-mmas lite enstril fair the masixture n-pnrntwstsil lasr 

TIM ratio o sate-grfle lient's,~ - /C, rather than 

the vi-Iarute mauvoso's sC, isa C,. limbt' extiviv um- in 

the s'uhtlsssth... of sit*striar Is~~i, iris.m It will Ix. eliift-vit~lia~l,On 

thetpnsris'sn-sewril nnil tlwenthal. 

p5155i11' Mot. 

pr R - Fe + E Ka imp.) Pro F.. 

r r r 

- a.Rtln (3.371ITyl + ;z. In z4 - 4 - 1]. M30 

p95's. nrr In ,tihi~ts Im di~ tffervid vtliii's oft r antsI., C. 

:a1141 C,may tit ..h,I~iit4 aI'if. 44i~ii- (31 in'iit (:12% 

C. -- ranI/K. 02 

AT )t 

IIisn~i4qu6nF*-F*aq~rl-&)r 

nssn istasiii(s ~ ni(~ r 

,al t.siras adislit ivsly sin iaiit ip.inin lithe naimliee sof 

111411s'ss ansl Ilk- n'supertis' 'nvrgI6-' fear tlii sliffemn'n 

-P is stCivsn ii.v csliilaitiue 141%. 

C, (,I//) 

4T3n/g (33 

&'.% + t)'1i27.'At'11 + I). 

+ 0.0 182Wb.al. 

S~3Q1A')6 

(OM 

CONF1DF;NTIAL

I1~ooc-ni"ht l'rnemr (aa IA. mkiow.4m .i..l 4alm.Ja.I 

pi.'.4 Iw-4T a ~ q 

ala.-A- ,,, iniIo, oimlsxxiaisipss .mAhi.ma %"W. g ')O 

it Frt-I? II-o-ry.2211 gvti 

21111 2W6 

*11 tI t9m *')bI i X247 i r"Oriti.' lon rAvwA 

.1t4 1* 140144 a 

rmr TTMI em amm 

the F5 , 6a give.n flow twos 46knis.aa'.. a- insliento'l it Ilse. AW 4 111 I 

liim. a.' tll,~tttf1. tlb. A i.atie~.04215 44 4m 

611.tIletote 

40 

t 14 qo 275 Z 

hiii.fund tion .EmoH4%ii inin41unin .Imit..ii' 1:111 anal111 its 

orhw164mso have1 

o h 

h t fig l lw c1 I . ..V 0 - 6 .tIi 4 Vt 1 N I4 MV1 i "~It n s o ni n s h l h.. . " I "I i u l ok i l i l l a ' r n I a m a i ltem mi ur an o .'s l s q d .' J .t1 1wrr p 

Ifiw a'n.rrv n-Ls-tmqI fl41141 thim. Ilse' noialmnlior (it'f'ns 

t'a'tan.T. tow thiw' pomsih'nu airt.'im' ta'niqu'rn 

III"' of X.~. - ft. T%-'y nair fow .1 - f41l. 24t3 K low 

is MwAkr \1It. n171 K low 114A4mnk' I). auul :17MM K fe 

,poaililio~nn~ too (n'a'g* a Wrto wti' a tof1" morts To, 

frijia II) a, 1K. Ian viaw~ I Ise ,Itla~rbimg M'Analta 

dIws.imi'ul lit Stt'iiisn 2.1. thr valaww floo T - MON) 

311 a.lo.t. foiiail have. w phi'ir misiim-ailtY 

lismik'co mor aa~~i~aa i.YiV:4 , nuWhitmifa4l manl tan- inciawI.'.I fatr ar~aiodwV Imirposw' to 1.. mmati 

tair 2FAII. 2V17. anal :1727 K. ('nraablo-iiil valaiai sof file '*'. 14641# -i-w I.. uw rrat.s. nuwfwwatera &a 

thrornaisminanmir 

Imor 

lin~rimi t~ pmhw hae imisoligist-woo114 aol itneptsm sonly at Ak' spii Y ' -0, 

Al &A, awl WiI4 or. Igivirn in Talala' & ls'w'w 

im xopaioa of CaialalarI 1tewr~otm. 

dl% namasa l'isropvioa %%itla F\ 1 "nuri~a 4 tal (hnm 

NPUM4WEVas 

TIM. tqrmomos ra'llilatlf'l thru'1Yl.%ok.,im'lYwak anf 

tlW aat.aIas pnW40ufi fil twal Ia. a,.. nilim Ia, ia. to a 

flow harat losm ap Is. 41 wAii~l. at'milwnl vman' taft'~p 

Crowvnil. A naoaapariiiaua .4o th a'iohla~i:,i'. , mxooon'.' Il 

To wsit It .'.wn'a-t"I l or."l'''''I lin'most fur opkrjam mIt 

fro)at inowelo'r S(hI uar potia in Talula' 4. ' 

'11w ar a 4"4okrnta pm-f c':ni'l I.V44 zia 44s.aa'as.u- 

,eva n a a'lb"a'I -h~aatiiI.r a~~mnwawaai-tr it. i* 1 i~aI 14. file 

Z -m-nm-v miýait.A. at flica rn~Ioia~iiU'ta' to-itic-aitonala fAa nit 

imbua .l It io.4 inteata'l4 ita. ath44to-nitho IN-s itilla.'na'a' 44 

! Ili.'- t a'. moviag..sm'4a i a ona IN1w i'a.vq-* n'I,':iAma'u ha Iaaa i. 

ra'. t11w a'-toala as iia aata-4': sonn~ 1 it 44.\1-agifoll.'. 'Ilse ain * 

Iamas.aln-r L.t- fiwt liii it. p.IsmA ' No I . foor wahich as 

ra'la.oitswirjr %:,aiak-" it aI .il-itsi-it kmf iiiI I .W 1111 

ro. osi 12 Vo CK 'o 

In 1 .1-- . at-0 .. I-lo'. a i. - 

,v-@ w 

'aM a ~~a~.h. 

o 

oil w t a c hopial,,a It# ma At . 1a mi,~ll i~. it. 16% i-ca. In \a 1111 It.I, A.'l I 141.) 

CO\ IDEN1 %1

Neu'Is Ic Ism' I . 56W (it.. itbm.-egI ssij'~iini T0 ael'iw s -.tose l ipur in tlciou'ev 

.m .( 14.'. ieee' r.'. uier.- e.ise.'e,4e .. Iv i., sellu (e'erx T1.a fssal ciu 9ystus 

e ~s 

r. 1 

-- - 

finm. al' 114111 10111 27,11 :111 

it~mif"14Nu 

Low 

=a, "ustie 161 ,.etrfane'de e Ou t l e' atui itOs Pairt 

T. .. r".livsoolasoofL Mw assurk io Per- 

* w 

"Wil.lt 

on,* .2%~ 11410.7 

-.111 i 112.1 

seem.?' 

9012.2 

fool.ts 

!0i2.2 

O611 

4I2.1 

mwtqst eain o~il 1''i 2.2.lenovel I3.3.3.ton"11IFu 

With as ivoliy dmtv iffi'nnt topgensarllsm Its the moenui 

is --m -e9.m3-- ima5.71 e@I??s er.?7.7. ie'JnA, 4a:1.01ss 

46.0 sela. 4 414*0.91 ei.l% os;M fsoli'l.A fK1i.hs loo&lATL0 

%Wit t-ga* *stsN.* ati.V* 0t.1.? 

Irnem, Radliamtion lfeami.r.iecots 

clawosuil jImnittleiiecalanoI Ase ferwati's litieeiut. lip fe't-setn' 1enicsssiuli'emntseis iale'widatieeslow fist' ~wfter pac yk4rlu. 

tuems'eqiioiie~li,3ie1"u ee Tl ' atolleeius't',eof a. iii Asotien iii A-'etest 2. 1. a1 va'ule fw tile snenaseled 

tie" ushift el' tike waeiir pas s'uiitifuis"inn eil till rrar.rg sr-lmorpun Pa. anal dtie' aiialaetifir Monete. te'nuiWerntCui To. 

n'raie'eel (novtrr liosisuel. III inIg~siuw toaeii.'eis' rntneatioussw reirtain %inuasplifying 

TIhili i-nh.'e ti(cs'u Ien-a of vs'lowie.ssti rlnliali~teol fesi nee1isietus I M~ f"see r~sen ntx It now Mollie coeimsat 

Wil (A'1 . - 11-49111 'A cill'if - 41.41111117- futce~v it, fle hss: ee the' lweniing rlaip. hiem,. entit fr~icieil tast, slid 

7.' - PIl) K 6'1!2117 ma e'e11 g'lose'eie'stsue feenesuetan smut t s Wee iliu as A~egliloinet eeieuia m eel 4etate feew the gas 

its influai~' eo m to ies pnw~er ic"e eel' N rtie ate~ UAI 1K 411le uasix-e~tiess rwerofelifee mnt--o.eu "gohhl truleriajN uuttto 

tenet IN,%- tmreiutolteeP' Imi-ieoeoli. 'Il' ;prese'tei'e'f elatr noiieteu s a fuenci'tm oef tie" those et' trae acila 

nmshsssee, IN 0 NVees'oel lisp. Issuuemessonio ael hors'evmi'ri'elc oeteeeriie'st i O. legsts'' I. Ini lisp t'xisiontie'tal susile. thle 

In ito fstivot. int m''aeee ii.' Prreit' n 's:oed If 4to 

coitiililmitm ilimstnity zat MAP K %e'll leornne'el, atdwi lle 

aclv'ir eeI s'ehlnuitt tInl'iiomC 

sutrin- ~calipw intake' I sismlee a eneeseesrenrnet of1 

cipsiliteneem (ni-ne tet lisii. te'isla-ruttiens, P4,4.m K ;at tile' Im'-,wnnieno at fsncmi t o(n e tesne as dejeae inbelE 

.1- 1.10 acmiii iii Il inaer'ue't 1w by il 1 IS" x nkineg a (1lijolot' 4. 

tuioniof ee tE 1 al 'or o iC e'eouail sloema With ill Ities ussue'eeI 

hecat eel e~pliwieese of~~i's 0 pa . l 1se" :UOm'eine"te its 4-A-1- 

1*1eel t eeesistly. kesws'e't'. tlwt'n Iwo8 Its"e offs, reliable 

nenoousoeeent seflic' thelenslweuseretm feeir pseweter owe In 

tent. Actuanlly sie1li'metlsPee e's1iulioienins te'neie to 

ficear-in at go 7.' to( ileeeiit .1l1I K'cclcje'i We~Ilei iiet'ii 

ties jielet. attei'elites lee ieasteiruue the teniepertutcre havesi 

en eac iside citith Ilwecsee sspeptese, ainal bay inu'eesiun in 

a mom-ewhat hewer than eeteeilibri'ien e'emaentestequole life ;emieleelaznt oef easettule in thin sihecto or in pseolierat 

i1i(X K, ai'.I a Ieeccet i'irtissettil si feCto she' enerlsy~ i'ste fisree,. Theccee neeetlcesio hae fi' l.edie to sutpply asdesek'awcLd 

egeezte' iiseleerneeien few restiams whieh need not lIe disa. 

Thelse n' if( a ratilowi locat ofexioIsslutic. el 

sluttiintel no s'tiees'u here. Mum'r rs'eritly oftselie'ee were masile in 

II-rtl u sensft a to( hptu' iileenitede favor 1euucrilss' w tri ie" peslw. Fucaniail ee(ltifes eeps'u'tnei et61ie onio'h m a( the ensitted 

ekr xme'uee frins min tisp :suliahe'tis' flaise" tnie'aes aie tisn- tet radial ietie . ga'neitsly 'at ho lee t'n~eiiyelsuti.'' 

reosum irtslirmsta555 cershiileet :% einstti' in e'essspewili~eos lle'eleave a'Ibif vionststieieetso touckgzuxesltan astes 

[Ian. liv, en ieesei.~le "fnet esals henut ix ideletetis'e lioen ieeeWetlcr willh lieu',' I)( Not. K, ansCal) C IO anetlat 

with, the E5 .. at tiiee mlst'terinte't ietnie~aseriter, itatelsr 

Isp-4'ue. With r., - 7'.. .1 - U~ lete's.'iy eel' ieeeluet 

Ie fieel iesvessiiultieseuuas t~w ololes(esjtyoeal Latesonalty 

er D ivi,.4uee I e'xjweintecsatsl ceeiefseeks werse tevelopce 

isirtoithseI all the' ge'oeeter lessne,.. Floor Nt it ;u-e'lsr wim foler tenm'i-s' ineeeetmrvs'ne~nts, el lice rueliection friliet bern- 

36 r.' at To, - 2913. K aesu .1 - 41.106 it i~s M1l75 eel gt. hig l~eit-ol-sul~ecio:5 duslolentioes eloatteliueg niertneeponsitiil 

no ineqala'jelvoel lu'eus Table *i:e 5.. els its Ilners11POt letuo ii. 114s inea jee lUies. '111C 1steenilaliiag~tlees'k in snuaking 

(watert Poll'utoo. raslal~eiseu ineas':e sisen'tese' silt With sl~s'eitiie Iewo beens 

.lnifsmg tie" tnulaeV -tilleli'n I is-e, s( eelatrenass .lvsseaees', tleu leekc eef to mon.t i re 'eseting u ccinisuwcc. Stires'e,41.ee I"s 

tte leerVeceler Mao thaut sel~igt !a- eess'et iIeseesI. :11e 4sie1- na 14:ýIee,: :26 is' 

e't ,esssineg rN',:e11sieee is give'ee liuva:e ieeife'rlare'Ot it" 1e1e ie' l itcc sidtfu it ee Ilee 

,, fill te 6i~tNX pMM i eel liesril sleceert 

Ilissttiler' 6 1 5 in %%ieith a phone 

COeN FIDE)NTUMA

nm ON 0 1-6a TK 1"0 ma Too, 101111 s S 

sums.w viw. 

4 1I. P fauk .w4 ad Is:,nluw flier '3morli.6 

1 "K QA .4 41W nwaj..r Moogm-i iawmu4. .4 mew tow five 

.. "44g. "3.~los 11tatI% .4m~ an I.1wr 

areeI that 

jioiI.1.' 

3,.sr ifrlirrr 

IInten simwa,..rnitow.Itou( O1w ri16 imenit~34y. (I ) nvemn.uloinjila'ug id few ruslimaI. wilsi.1 xu,.skl wit 

Thi 11. rimii.&.- %". thn. a.glwlio4 too Ow thv~s loal lt .. Iflark uNNIV .504u,~im. #4 

mahWof lm- Ideaw .1tric l1.wr.La'~ ~I311.333 ",uw4 ai" for imengairf liart34irli. 

limom 2.3.1. Wlith it ,luutfhg eave Iw I. a. nga.ile #i4 flee- a-t..y~t~miv ive ineale the moorp 

ww em onn~ 21 

'nw latter 

It Itaft lxvn' 

r . l~inwratnfrr.4 Ism-th-r Im in nuil .4.lew.I dwI,:,,u,l1. 

in jM iinqws!-a'i 31341V 3I in fill .1.43. gma att 

sloomo that i..uliiirl .4 ollatmwl"v I afte lt--o ua'me1w. 

11wc 4iwhmr 4 11W Poo its 11gm,. to( tw 'mlov fo 

('jnirrirk 4"-.riI.~I its - 4 rtl..n 1.2.2. 11m- n'usillo :31' 19.1 IgIa4.. in. mi.ata'wa 6 *;it :, e~.qwilem leave a 

falth he.fx frng4 1.0~-itm gun.. 1IiAl ant tAg. A urawt~ vi.'ti..4r jtoiv opan-l"l o~n 

smlrwk (Wwth. 4.1toemhofaomiy41Waln .w i 

LU ~ CllrlMlirn.Stils ~~tiru 

ean.4womam-~tr raryw. of hi.. imid Pininur or~m 

0( Pu~tlesr Gave, Radiation 

$ocitlrmd .4 rmatiaaIo 44maiti'4 6y peomilv mmat vsrrv 

.4 lm. tik-1114ri3le lila. 

imittf IKwnttr.I m k31M3novio- reifmor 33.4w arr rep.'. 

ahm~r msbmpir" Mi slww 11w ~IrWWvph~m t1wnv6ub~d 

4mi.1 1W I cepvF, Ilime'.. in firinp. lot 4,14ri3,ervivIW hIoummiitimm. Itwi vrW l m n~ate OWs hA t 

'irn'int, IN 211.1 atI higI 4I',..if ic. .4 l...nldill ill it ,.It"A'. 11.w. and luirt.. 11w =is 3&1ree:44Y.iflrVW'14, f.iuring a lie't43&3t311' 

3'unsiA~ 34f 31.4'1'44'lio H1143 1 INIII 5131. I 0.eagwrifl. iing. t1m.' ,'i'talivie pr.ini~ew' lot ;v( Off- rp 1t.'.k.. cut-r 

pmn.I uapia * montnit-.m. Ivu'kxr'engsue. In sftw'ifir P,.( ""nln f,, liaer Pfrortuir ,b''aya.e'pet lentul all thee 

Iwnln4't"t todes de,4'.',le' fmlluv'., .W4-'r,.v.l 11:1. limit, I m.133g a,..43fIlw maw g onui r alrI Amt.ijs. 71u- evon.'i. 

.rngun inl IY3onativeO I.n-t~id4Knl tol .minu. 44-11m to( fil tinelg.r.4.'u.hp MINl 41w pUX '?" Plot '"4Wce'n~e'un. 

(ititleal .al~g~ w...i, k't.11611111.. I Me'.n 6I'gg~gt. 3 0114 a f.f~ui ine.~iwauss Ohtt, a. 4 il .. 1.4t13' nei meo41.w, 

enwu4A. itno.Ivaniditinei. in fix,-,4I.4~n.nia..'' 

sim.. 'irtva ,li,.enilvatl.. .4 the- rvhmntinivitem rooliat4o 

A hyd.risx-I (011) 1.gnuI ati 1111;1 .% wit.4 ,.lr''tv in :.jpjr3ivaWt flintd 14=*I murlY.,at kea,4 few tewnwu-p 

allefforplicm. aninI a f:ini'l h~and. 13r:,r A[50 A late%.IV3 e I 'lu1eL60It ralng.' lM) too 4IAN)A ,,Im'e'n-.w in the r~~wui'. 

%iloratl..nal Ivar.I ..f' wate'r. 'I.r131w 3133j3331. niiiki. and1, lex-fit.. 

vannIittint. tu..,i,-glw-A ,igI, sai -of th imon,, Imlill Nim..Ai.unneimtifof the cin vt.v~ .anol uloviwwplul'14 

ganw fe' tl,4w niu'lrr..,,w %in, iriiter'thi opI.,' stI.ill.. g14 g..wk'e gVm.-a vur.4 l f 3h1'460 kmeilk- U ummitU.1.3 that 

..4.ane'if 1.e'-1 tm'ýent in lmmdn i ,'tliv.g as 1.33p..ritir'..,..1 4 31331'f o 4 it1vi I1 raicW 1 pprio.1'.m ti all " 4d~t. If*1 

for' as :a. ,I,'iI..',air u.331111 I. f.. 333:1.4 41wm omicrvo... ,l'sg' lin,.'. t1v h'ngiI, 'of l ai,ut.1"4, MOO~ itg f 

%ih il ad =s~i-lsl -1KI1t~ luoirrin'13.3 faiw mu4 Iwqn.tv a6 .3 Iirtin slule asm. 

inrfrRfl,.' semiaohto i.4 ot133' ,. fl liý3'T, l i.n iv .1113 1 '3 o. t ell3. )gi"", in t'33431341411 (411, 

,( fI .f j A11 (..u. ,W. Nil ;tiwi FNXII-N[2 ,jomier =lt, 

fin.. v'"'3'I'-. "vi3f' 1 a...l 120) 131 e. 13 lt -t piaa fin*. 

swm'ir-v...,.''h. ~ (A .1,. 3.~u . I... ,.,,, r.:rlstA u-jug tIt .,Imm 1 ... '". in thickur'...-e. id gmN 0.31 

:.;q.'r fee 6tv ".r.i t1w moafte.r NriIlo'. an,[ 0I 1013) . 111*i,l U1. a 1.!P.9, its lI.4n4 :.gt. 0.19 cml, rqe 

CONI 11)E NT % 1

A 

SOS 

" 1 -4%dL 

Vt.;w13 .utnm 4Ien~a g.~h ~l~sqqd.Iwtha is uits.~ .w.ii.at~, rgs 4 at .7 It 

] G '"TIs 

oK r.J..L,, 

VI'...ikg 14. 1~ae 4afl" .4s" tol m.ta. If%'.da..a. .ara Iiltaitwu With thiP t~iattiottdrutn xiacnWmaph. pmivoi. 

pally fo~am ristur 13. tI.omtha %ith .umeqpii... .5avtrm o a mtnit rnm.u.riptoiattwu sit koom" At i riil*.fit... a 

M1..an % v fwl. 1 u at Iinhn vamlm tgair. 1*TI.. ticun* lw. arl~aunmi all IFima It0 in NIIIIC R.Iml. g A -it...2) 

. All then 

-W AY. 

Tm. m .. .1.:a.i2 

a.a 

CON FID)ENTIAL. 

lo

anoniifla id ilturpiniw rinwi'tiitrts tol ttd toe ri*asr. k~ngtl,'. lo., it ran I 3 ,fwtu.qIosmo-o iipwh 

are~I ty hilgh valont. Wi k. 

so 66511il anid 4i.'U A o..uA.aai~y tiarti in pynxitutr%. 

'16w &Mun-at tcmpf.nnv T, tkw &otinvol is umioafly 

' ~~~tm' 

11Wotisk to fw"ov.Sv 0466Vat the 1avw c nwtoprmp.. vu. . 

etbs4vily 4. anid 11W tie-MAcco1w nsaifoty 0..4 am in 

p in cqsaatioan (43). 

14LA-KTWD RAIATX 

RLWK fl.~ R~tm.inoz 

tsc..9i by ts' ntatk i~m 

11v . jumsisnly u( nautmaiinun evnitti'd Ivy a Ibunty in _11 

hit. tsnq ~wa~ T saiLi #A thoowav ta Locth k 6s waov 

3te4y c~liniuai I y I he woll nm int I'at 't.k 416tfimot i~niijm-aL 

6aw: for tenisuvalntiS' IN-tso -MIN1) I anol sliveloig he 

in the ult rsaviilkt, vMiltok mnll ninir infrafrd, it t6 ex.~ 

IN~m~ 4nit hout apjimdratilecerror (L-Ao titan 5ilos.Knvot 

- 

5T 

45 

Iitr 1ts' opirnitil %V5.oa ett~ia:tic, t.qitaii..e (12%. in% -A!!.kh 

rt - 21rAe - 3.744)X 1t-4 cr-. n1l, st- fntit r, - hor k 

IA e.43 Aia g. 

wht oq is etrafIn (o any newe 1. 7, foar my two 

t. anti A, andi T row adt valtnne d 

In poniotirul, t1w nstits ii time tarilhtrA-m attwo 

J(X,71 ex -frA- 

)hr1. 

(42 fiturs-ornttik.aw 1l4 

&w 

2 6uiy at the tqpL~mt un, r 

gV..w Isy eqaim(40). 

Fnaii(4'has. oiven cuiimwel liv Mow mp-twi. 

ItR, st- i 11 

nWt0f aW 111 dVI441 (IIAignt kIlie viil k oItfill rui-SbI n3; I t 

R eu% ~ lnaaFai ~ ~ ~ 

Aoc~wesw~~flhti.fmdtCPn~lht~il- - 

~ . 

as 

~ ~ 

~uigi 

A k* .. ilta 

ant wt' 

Is~lino . 

at nt niy (4 

of cms' A~l~l~i1 awfewiniioo' w Ieiiid', t Fnw ti.s.. i eq ti~o.. rouit t4 r,-6 teutha -tr. aruif 

toor nizota en~.ity L- fur pawn. roat looimwije niao rca- 6ti, o 2n awrk fitnort"o 44 its' tomintirattire, it many Im 

4tlalor k-m than a Matock lagady. 11w ratios of the aiiirlfirp ~qn' usat jhia anapmnaInnrihk tree; etjua 

wilnghtnei. 10Q,T, to that u( a ol~ack Iol : v ILAX.rT thin (46th naty, ilethu Icprevwid by time aianpleovqua- 

- J(~rT is gioca it'w. tixe fors-trnl eMiotiY 44k,7`1 

w~i.4a in *im" I int Uawa tha~n onsity anti van., with 

titan (471, 

modli the te-nlu~~itrtirlC anti iliv watelt1.etta. i,..oo~- 

Irat derlntni-ai..e UA Irisdgnetio-o for .oiehi bomti.,. tihirco.U.T 

1.n -T' - A4' + f'- 

T 

Ai + 

T.' 

(47) 

foo difr froos that td a lilark 1mmy.wit i linva in nvritwtil 7er 4,r. 

Fur any one st-4irte ir avuh-ngiili )4 it isrfil, A *~,nwitf.lue 

111 utotattI4.t11".esnit-iti" of linw 

I,. wever, top telotine an upgiingtsit Iwriq~iI,.oo hIon.,. nol~ore krwim~o.-neriyi 

S.. 1v~I~fy~ Wstoai* howi4tc Ii ili a buick li..nkv Xi s. Iaýt ilI . to fM: -'4-0* ilit flini~tV tti*Uflht 

amfltitollv tiraik lt ' vo 

in-A amoIN~irIllt tt 

Panic lwinigittný* as life n-at IKioaY at rT, Its fohiown in 

iqtnjaiirn (43' rifiniiiil. 

llrt~mr~tvr6i 

Fur oqtntcnv. Iainjc',4:iti%.v low enitin. 

mk' c 7 )1. - Pvp-0t. 

IJ(i..) a ~ ZS, 

(43) vivisiii, Iatowov i, dot-. ,itfuiitrfe mm riv-s li-fnite Iilare 

andi *L.ke.tith12 on %2A-h 1mgth.. 1im11r., fur tiinottrfl, 

S, willti 0-mri In dis' tn-not ftew rIver Xo 

Iti 6:jt,.o IVW~.ilk' tU M-4-14 3 Wtomoo..h 41ltgo3tnft tonslaratlais, 

th Is. 4; Iroktoo,, ,riolofrr T., -udt tht i 1c. I .auk 

Ittoly ' a T, latowit. flav usc ýuJxwtrat di rimi~ 00 m :v- 10ife fi 

tn-al otmosyv at T.: e-iln-441 oI iv ,-outtif.oi (Ilit, 

hivuit i6 oif jintrn,,t tn-rwi~ it ij4 iia-.ts nin tskinit e-Ili. 

briaiiov,'. itii,. fi4nmaot it r - rimsii, %. ii i, x.. - A , 

4.- 167,11 A :ill[t f. - I). 1270, of - (I 16i20, It1:11 .1. 

- ± K. -S - X152 K. 4. - 41+3 Ill awlu Tr - *211it K. 

If. to tim us .iahr bui:.nI. ) -1111111A. ). aEIA stiib 

JJ(X)7) cX-1 ft14~ ( 11)l,\- *,p 

T. (It 46 

t)41.i.n 

siibnai T. -2144 K. 

AK 

CONIFI DINTI %L

U ritw~wriv- 4w ruiawrat s; is 

Mutorterhtnr io 1,noaawter 

terIow Posadr'('so 

a~st fan.anw fair nllal~inX lth Ibr'glteatiw~ timt- 

penutisirt S. ,ils1ineol lay voagalidnwa (43)1 m~ay lie ainde 

D.IIIIPa~citw 

with aaiaaqla. n4..it isne'ao-roaa, aw'ar, nmakv 

~4WOWW 4SWW with we Or&4 aPiawmtm"wily fair A-to 

the. limning, fopaar 6 wf"A awor rhmhfarra awol frni-litax h colossl, te'Iitfuratoorn. ohi rsoh~tow lay I'If1is. 

Miuma five oloin linor in witirlin f egaaaaaatit~lvt nwsat n'.rr Iie (41,'. iiiflanicla no inalw f~warti which isitonE 1 

anent is( Ilse' mtljjatio niii,'l Io ,venred'a 6a eeC flu- ile~r tiulimw iniuraluaanrnin twaIhr gjak-aII aineo~nishneatso llaaII 

toC3fu nilSl law.; ittt its,' ak-i.etll -toon 1w. a n- 114 anti when two. MisL arr ugwel. 116i al es.pecially 

ilNtumn- "mom- u p~ tooi U. P ar. *AIielt 11 he aitlI. vw 

triethuf sj aftinif It 4'a n-Ii a nowt I rInnIlaI,11w ls nland 

tn ria 4aw1 mot-m Iia- 1w alwawtliea, it( roimaliva Lay the 

winialtw, Ilse trunamaipwiam tirotigli wit"h vatrim~ with 

- 111 -lsbfai'emaimh voopos 'noew## vamaw~~w4.v time. awitaf t" the ibaoxpewitn of Poratouae pairticfra. 

pialwicewlit tesAIPV Idwn lIN'M aalinata a. ceaanl~intdiith to. Ilse ipoiaaifiam of wavviingihtia o r wtivleng1 11h ranmrs 

arillonfraplit re~omlingcto( fluw potir-ril~ rer-at-, nos at transnilte Itsa flu- pit glim-06~L ran lii. anotift ly a mainc-. 

function 4od tiniw. In plisitteueiIls1w n-Pm340' in it$- e'l"Irafaaar far lay filte'rs. Ivernise a4 tl 4112 Al~d mul 

satintatfl41wss, directly proopwlitama ton fli ifent-nity aaf ailtr1lI ad namwaata t hea it wceilwalh deliceroolitttia.Ie 

ewe? a widle rnaivo. rndaa moomlwer, aiells artie iwfln.alnI'lpaet as1lIn'pimtporin ?-r 

avai~ilable wit ll, rc'mtrzal settitities' 0444ala that dhifferenit aipifivoahtia fato applctattiame too n494ing Vinas thaeir UaO 

Paqerai ral gIitaaee vawy he u.%kiwe'L woomlaLiw. hevswarkaials. *Thsae.wtlboaa wax to:4tcdw, huow. 

tnvl', tonal fito n"-rrhaapaavifai~esm with instnantentsa(o 

___________________high 

G"WJ 

higjtdgitlathreing paower, is olvairtiflg u(furmther 

1 

tri gal, Pmrirtat4i siry with low-oleiisity letunp when 

41r~fltisiaea (nota l~towk-Imly vi* ca~ili.t; awuy h~e bo- 

IN- tialaittedl lay approspriat ghana *to pntine liltenet. 

Maiaal'iimawim faiar lte twon-"4m~artameaitremntea 

art- flu- ll( phtAtietaidot)22 ew'l23with Wrratute filter 

IrIiiixa fetive X 4101) anti800l esot 

tvl aaran RC(A phluetaitilo 1)20 with filter 356 

I.etve1 30Avit filter 31,effectiveA420 ; 

4Wt with filte~r 43, effaative Ie -MIVA. Cell 02 can also 

1I, niamed titlaeimt a Iiltrr wiaeii itsa effl'ctivekiMA 

Fair ;ihaistilertflC flc.ann Itt la v 1w two-coloor 

niethisel. Ilse ntlizathia an it enverge's (roan the window 

in the pn'sreaara %veswei INr miass ntiit Itr dividecd so that 

Iaarpetrate lxmanwa niaty an-ehi AnoinnuutancuAay that red. 

wmamitive Anti hahie-Wr'nitiive. photfarrll. TINS may he. 

doore las v , s,,errotraa~rph (prnai-idcl with two emerp'nl 

Aits$ aw Itrtler, lway injnnsnt miirror. One of 

the "li.nritooteteso inecawpaaratiaag this fenttere and ade- 

,effiulql faar out-santing amn a .1in, pain is illus~trated in 

Figin' IS. ~e~e~ertiun 4.4.13.) 

In I lix instfihlatiaan Ilse ruda lt ian Insist the witidsovi 

11' luj- Iltahagim A i11auialen1taag lei"s of steaitabla, focal 

I I 3 a S 1* MOM laength, anad it, alit-idAa bay lie niimar -A)nthat part of the 

rtura-aa 13.A ow-a-..ka p 4o-awii .. pyomwe..ac ,w 

aauaeaalaiaton a 3-in. wint. 1,116. fgiaaur IuLn.qm ajwso~ 

iiguf 20 in N )ItC 11111.11 A-=)l~ 

lae-ani is ratla'eta'd Iit (lie'r et1l, ;antl part trans. 

ntitt..al ftafa t- "Ilae" vell. CI'ltinl' filtersa'ire wrappead 

aia'aaaata ih~liIa-~ iI~~ Siance tle pyromeiter recoils 

CONFII IWNIAL

with tim v.. ,. te~lv viloriginw .41 tie.. autlem.u4I .4.- .4 fwnar U.. .m~wiit'r .f 11W' N; till- alswdmgllte 

""INit "our 1W ijwtmiI.. Too nmiginigm' thite. liw vano .4( tige ,.mn.it *v too.' v ir ofi.*4.noini'driamn. the. 

aitniittiigno lont hooleino Ia-n4 i a tm.rv4 .vK"Ig m to-i ivio.givA nolio 44 lite iJmirmrvi. ipiwdlowarnt to fi tht whirjm 

aneaiwi Ila. frutaininig llug.ps. it waaav mwoeivia I fair wieaublogI passagepelmissle -u& likv ha bb'ium 66Lai 

1i~1S 

otivmntarbumo with a tsrnimet.'no-owti Well) 44gewamtn atC- 

lowesnt lop ain p4'vim wtniioooor. A Irpirw railmatilm 

Fl'gaulift In ilow du.los" ".kepb lqhiwa' #d a tang. 

Pit aipllro-amorns.gt* iitu" iiii~is in it..' mib 

14£:10. Apt h..t'qwin lil'sa,m, am' lia' , ultbis, 

figaya'aa'. 71w,-fw *PAa AnA roor. sunw ma.'iv .1.- 4.ww 

4 i 1 . * 4 

O0WN 

A-=) 

a vlv. fio..um t tn~u. L 0e idilt 171.~r~ re...be 17 t w.a'ii 

phd..iwnIrv 6 foopo ve-w 

toorn'.' i 

oho iii.. .,lrwi'.tw'til~tg l 

figaimp Onm' 0114"m id low. It .ar It t1fiimn Wmw cookulmird 

17 vl inmtut .4( fix- phli'.cnn'il,' 6 Intl firvnt toopa prgi ("" E~ideoloolm %for oviimWilAiviitv somfler hfrtimienimbitii 

amplitie: kcivng fiuwim piumaniljia.nsalk. i Plh, go ane be "Oilmenti'..i. will, dge Wie-ft f-irtnUt6 Spil fly-' k~nown 

filmfee t.a illunle- i-nv towiII.griph.. i.71u lnionlt;Nl. aide sit nmwLb in Al~ aim' viliwlmat,, n.mitiviim.-o. .4 phin~ighm' 

Plaai~t-ligg-hI may limr me-:ma i-- pmat~c4v-~, aget rieiw .4 imai-. 

4 

IThum fitim Imn- loplumnv-not a irm i It in NDI(IC 

film Ira' a "oatinot drum clennui.ra n' bY lningC a evrn'rw- lWatit A-2SLI 

givilt *wrovunn. a -fill vanemqr. Poor' 1iW twia-nolodinio. 

ilet,11 flyt iMihtl)iti i( ikhe twit t~i-In znl' igeinsn'taivic .t-imnl ulteuimwu with the' twop."i-oa~.r pyrvnvife'r it@ reilgia.Iii.Il:%llY 

tiat file X- 1111 Yt-reu."s file itoim.' ntir~ip~h ; pregiiwr"I in Ipimue M~, gnanl. plot .4f i weriuw . cituibra.flov 

nNIPP flu-go if.ven tit amavi :n~d'lii.-i i'sa giwnx-4ni,n .4( 11amom. Kil, gist' t Hiai cir 17, %% ie-r' the h.~ritriml of the 

thrv til ii .4 fivle -i alp ua~twit IIigpt...oti-arnit,h anilf k~-~lan diu de it geaine '. Ilk N :!,- Ri-l. "'14:114 their' 

tlw-rptw, o-I-vionme. tini- tof the'- orori~ ~tI'ltgp mitjiimi an' oittii~' nptingif file rtprur-i6, .4 ON- u-nlm. 

'fWlme' njliu..ile' .411w' o Impi..jei $4 liv -Ppif int timilgerlY a lernimmeatiare T,. 

UINVIDENT1.AL

FIUlWK"IITtK4W 11OF 0111 6-41,116,~ ~ 

LADlhserninations' 44 trolim fuvtsaes. thare the tesji~xi r" nosim. the 

I'oIomaca Ca, Tempeasatiorae 

FIII& bq x OA0'a 

Fuau~s' ~*~5o~t. ~ Lal'. 

zsppoen.t na+'iv-. i'tm'v iqJr ran he 

urImmsiaftou lov oPrnsinrinag 11W ~~'are firing 

ith Ithe P64iisWurnwl in 6ralile k ý a t (i ei aam tWt 

tffswia the Nwuw a4fbowAsuoe 'if tow ph"0... be vahaeod "I 

talroriri Iwynetatwer. ama frw 1.5% with. (Asir tyipsirl 11W freAdts' 6.. the m~ix oh.*$ Aita srries' art- psacsproaselslaulu. 

NIItl l'NII14l2. s'inotka-Ianseo 1aistiol, dlim.s tonarsiii isa Opiicar 19 which sp ýi' ' priasstoes and 

lI4seasoe ,sisoi~al; werp numir of tousliing elo-noiitais~ fronos tlip pottipasiviskas. mfei'tl too tlt{ k;111"4 at fliptiulY 

14u~w 0.01 Itso. slwwr haze. 0.211 in o~Asqq irsriastas imp. rfusefrr.eetande lisp' &ndeviduul valtiescol'ithe 

Vdehe with windolews..I thab' for mer sq ofis Al' shifots' at tws-rowalos.'tenislmlire r. fai(r the 'ans'impfiritigs. T7U 

.1 - 0.211 with N11l as'der. &6 io~imq -. teo IV the.o. P maufios ppose los, LO WtomakwiL 1 w..asm I Pml 

pteshoiul" iliy. will !a- climmismsaoo how Iria efry. rmt oaf the uavcnl nerve. 11w cmie~a.vities Allow a 

- 

smuch potor variatiom. Inart in general they rise, to 

tlip Palimitestos valtiw lw-fiir lsp the oea ir rsoc als to 2) 

IN sw.' iett its' final valmee. 

11w gotend rnlervaroasaaos the tent jarlonitas with timte is 

Asamaw to. Ile simsilar fear all tlip six Amitits: with indi., 

visonaal aasinlioisos. these is' ant initial pwak fulluAAe Iy 

valie. It will ;o nosteel that ploat 4of thep timne the 

N1 

tear.., while' the lu~t,eaoea is. acetive'ly hstming, and may 

la'oh totl th$lie mislow eases"m as' the- aetreas inafrared 

enttlam~soii doomerlved ins a mallarato' invrwuptiom*A aD., 

ma oly n'senesI ts in iAoeticim 2.2.4. 11i. inelividioaa 

arnatioanae in tcntaoprntiorrn avy arivor piartly as' the 

rmolt oaf isWaelnr ignitiesn ando latming of linwielrr* 

Xmrmis: msoae s'lwictfllrly they r'aitiaoalinAe the inherent 

%Vvariatiiaoas, in thela.ostrul ternvmiturtre of gas' in lushes. 

lent inostima. Wielen the gas. is' eaafttipeenitiey opanejeae 

(high oakeoeons .ir thep rAiiatimt whirls ims'emit. 

-~ ~ -A - test el"ma.s' (natall A ri'mspicrntivrly thint layer next toa 

tlip windoss whirls asay Ilenao'eoler than the average. 

_______________________________ J ando who... tennpoernlasre msay tao' vearying beratsewsgof 

Fe53I 5e46cmi .;llamsiv. O~11pmlso tun- n-rt 1in a 

obhqsI e'tsemlmnq tjviicsgtker wisth 2 Ose,-saAW 1 

bloeat It fie incieteealitiease find tither aanrratressof imp...'. 

feet tiseaital eejtfiliflfmtim. 

1,lwosie.4s 

$fir Inwmoustfe.. Am... iewhalse eta. saltvation- ad isen.. 

('alomwasim traue" a0 ...kn tossqasfoulnama ad24,11 K fial 

3M K an suqiwqmeaa.d 

Fiiis i\ 3-ov. Gix 

As' psot oaf the esatimttarehws'ove"o'eres of internal sand 

Figur1e Iti wse a twos..ohossr s'elts m -imrssrl hoar externail Iaeallislirse swantaosretsaents' with tlso 34in. guin at 

the fiesot shet in the senrov ie' th thrre ti uoaerins.;isse-oI (anierasek. etesoilitesl in Setetilo, 4.2.2. nmesesotimnents' 

relitaratiesn tmrv4es 11W fljrtimesu s 11 stivi o sro sf6 the t ewAir iletesisnuisag tltp Iseawler gats' to'mpo'returo wprm 

os.4ilhsontrph PtassI is' inelio-atnl Ivy fthe arhaws'. Tesiming taskoit. RNIa~ litisreso Igh lesoianlethse (A 4lsattib Molr saa . nd 

dollss ospot flwp trare Itive a mori'ntiosll s1 It events' witlh ete'r. ina twiet qotl&e-r lssitieasns' mit, lini. anid the eatlser 

larmousw-timte. andi w iths nl (Oor litlue) s-.ssiztimis in.- 51 its.. zeautal iaf t he fssn-ing casole (.sore -rtiosn 4.3. Itl). 

tens'ity-timse traes' tasket %imtistaetimmsoaly with ostllier Firings me're saizale %vitis Xivy -$l'l)X" andt "Sill)" 

oisailloattrztlss. Vs's..,, stieaer .emsn'ost ti Ilse ssnalitaiat-AIs' i'.lt-ohs t\If andh ;wssm. ntteaively) il fitll] rhzirge. 

andI Armals'i..'s at :ussy 1Nitst ian floe truzue til lie.,lssstesmoerms'ats 

ande tlseir ratioss ase o-valssestel. midno fnisa 

essatfrstoetul eilnal ogs's', donsau its 01.30 saf faull claceso. 

'llue' draltils'an asc ive~n its -.taadereti n-juirts'A9 ~" * tlier 

tlsoma.. willh refenseae too lise. ozailarni icea o4lsart, t he it is' ;ss'lvale tsa n-laraaelsre 'stIr 1%%-41 exapca-s teol'a thme 

CONFIDEiNTIAL.

fl991119,-ijnt%!. M. -wonwnwni,. wmw tzikrn wiltl,9w 

two@-rq,Is,r pynnetmvl~a. at.I with 4ngli-oplow tkynoittqliw 

14-in-ra lien- 7, 'tne o1w piuIIKer..fl4W 

imS-i viiniw'r, ow 

wipiKItld 9m 

T a. 

Or"v: Ow. Irmlomliwros~a, w kgarmv~mlnoa~ He wio. rSai.. 2t 16ee a min~litw 41( 11w l54WuftuW. 

INA 

1 4 

0O 

-I- 

9a 

- . 

on 

e* Mol 

N0 

*41111 

in 

Fooou.19.A limmnilwool~sItr jsnkr& i /dr~lxi i ý sie wi nI - ohw U itfN 

W -o. 4%fr1 11I" v-1/ t-1 f r i-I 

am XO -iIIs-to -trjfi-is-ct- (1 r v~o 

ntrw 

I. ,n . e-Sw3t r mPAd 1i"1 It olalvu e-flofl uw w e t y 

am~ ~ ~ noo.-*91..Ilb gm1 ~~ a-F~u 1i l( t-~*A= 

COFIENIA 

- - .. 

...l

Go0~ ~~ 0.00 56 

'~ (~ \\f 

: __ - 

n as 

\- - - , 

11-- ~st 

rG 

Vm4 

V.0 is 

TMEd TO gJtCIO* III UstS 

Paining ~ ~ ~luUU. ~ ~ ~ f-irNi ~ ~~~O fl,~l run 'fw b~m' a~w Irmo Ji .uqa nomova wIsh 19'M (XII1 Jwon&rdr 

Iws th an1111Y-1-11 figu'dff*r ,I.wo MPN ,h .n Tano Flcr T. WNi~IMC If-u nA4r* uuIin.faiilgfn 

the pumapn'. owl teC11w .iasVily favr imor, mKiw with Ilkuck aImletr Ps hinX mWt5itc~h Ithigh thasn that for 

iSlO1) Powder ("1)I111CUMIE t -h14'lake aIICIit the Nit jiniW~lC' gn.. the gav its the lpin Im"Ieome muom's 

rhanolser po.1wmihi. It will Isewe.mn Il:sjt hltiuipr the i~nisooqc earlier in the ..h.4. 

sudrl At~.m" d btlimilg I hen, iN t p.x31ale11iult llwt ssi, Spur 21 mImtreoeti the "turvar Is( the temperature. 

tile rýAmlt, in file glin mit tlulu". 411114114,4 ill ltve risasm.ql with titna', av'tpmWI low 13 futIch31pr 1`' i"111di, w~ith 

vroap*4 (lagspirtt 19 'ei4UtitmaisiitetI (4. 

miIemen'i Ill- utlmu,41rumlsti taken zl nt 11vImrigw.-so4ii~nn the ppon. 

lenIls W(? I 4s it-.*i Iill fil e m'ioea' it( I lermIliS,4vit y with It %till 1wlie nlrlmi that live trfloplll~' itmm 'zi~itml in 

tittle. Apmin e, c-xmlNl, ithitiy anol am ext-46 4"'I,. tile ehngulxsr (pusqoi iuag 1) :trip hirjir thban the tuther 

lwtwe T > Ti. > r.; ln4otwee-.. IIn' .,,uiwmitiv 11uuaibI two$ thlighsuuiumut t1w ruquus. an that*I. lenre. thereipii 

Ilp fzaaMe I., ,qurtt urstu ill thew gmut liznm. i eti~ll-0 4 lzanuegr raient it( lenulsolat'rn. bet I'IIwer th thaiilike 

ir,.4wr.Ti,., is lzargavl~ 6lawurdi 1 lt-m! lin-4Iuim- Marblzk zaml the Is"lti-nur'. 6u~wa milzarlimi lust *4spr)fOfr4m'unt, 

lpowifir in teKll%. prime, llh~';t- uuuz*' u1li.Mily k fair gradlient 4of rmv'~qtrr. 'nuw lensixraltir gKrihie't ini 

C0NFIFNTIS

gwatvr than can lor ,recnfrot (for. cam~tttlern swt oslLizamictrfleflY UsoNII.ier viinthowis plane arar the 

411130 VAM i tM-1cr.""' It ielwI4iVV1 lhas I rec-sev noozz' maid were imeeuo with oix thifetrut rvwkrt Paso 

*41wItm t"ethe. wmmi6 to 1w,e tInvorlj, "rp. teiuh.l. inn... .io". ksmoo m,.aIteduml --a&- Iim. JieeTpmit est runiend 

limmok so bwa I nemwfe 6Ainwpm thir FI' erean pwetwene eete.Xwe.~ a. rm..e ermtuka witbastwoad 

the P.aco coml h wW6~ k hev, phwv mwowk imaerw time voolw phwhworlewi pyiscosiort #thi mism sikb 

that tart.. - tiwo fiecrwzertlirnio gre.' wirtiommato flip po. and .qwron. were phItiviisrugJ.d thiroo~ thentOOr. os 

is..e4. 11Iteeacr stoI he isg tpivieepe4i he tumg. canal I1 tticnacare..nP ms ovitiptgoeImt'e ail he.asHosl lmnaemobandS 

huighrae-it Iss Irunpe nnfi to he ws,te. I has. spi~nfims urft bonsib l. arti ..gxtruim*pb 

o 

mam u a ?a shtio hm e i a n 4 stiv14v thin layr. elf wse. 11wenjorrinwntl fliftm., iNMe 4 tha wittu mIhndt h 

*I mh time ste so camp. mev. the wi~mleow: af the 1...'. 

waihedra shais to" i . "Ofeh&eos, td -maumne pow 

pewafrrew cev at fairly how lieiamomiroswf mis. and wit 

Now"ls. ipauidiri a" FrwWO W u Nr LAW Pass am 

Seeuaee..I Ithan in t he rha tither. andi6n Im htle a shorveol rusfilaiwn wast nm- ' wk4eomly in &EiiduibetJ. "Ad 

termisirmnsmo grcuml ietu hela ti. n.. ajirenefet titan rhuaraitriratir t% tcmixwwaturswo ermeokriiatmly lower 

wa~them thee (ireelumnriar icljialeatiar Is nmperture. At luvw 

FUM" PRO I A JW` A019 ItM 

A i~ I'to~ij'i~g ~tande 

pnmr the soepeirtml (tutus A. phistattaplm froem 

' A ioe elwulrv nueweiritnottlo, were emisainvi tine. 

lend.. olue itre mamaior trunasmitiam is; K.SXa, Ca, 

lVirist in an eapevinientat jet p~I..imlosmeiatimet,.. Cal). Fe.. Cu. amd Cuff, tlfeteptw. with a ecioninuetu 

2' i in. imele. vlismantev and 9 in. hoott. enlitiprdsete witik IwkxrmuenLL Nos Wmt1?nmwsmr Hune or henia wee. 

06"a 

Fouraot 21. Gaie Ormjm..ueun. vrývm ii.me. .. yw av.nege-I (.. 13f mv.. a#eh IMe to cima e An,.inr with M?)% p..mw~lp intoa 

3..... raem. The. Yenjg..mune -re. ..i..eevt d1itni- ri....n: i. ht.neif; TM onn, pR1-,eI 1 ega rw.J riding. T. 31 min. 

ft"44co aa-em d n"In.es.N.... 1tM. loag. ep1aNeWnm oircmlo.". id tee, -taum.tam-tm.t.. We.l 1 &Me I...lel 2mavl 3.(ie figavat 

saw cappare.lmm &P igiam 5K ime N~ut MIt -emee Af.=) 

CONVFtt)'iNtAL

fei21111i. 11-61 :sW lime 411.eI (wes rulit.isea o~seeI :ao 

('11. Vs,. R 

au.rt~ e, smadrke 

1:1 1 se'nsiuive lwI-Ysniui AM1.%. lwn-tru fips K 7Iiti. 716!PI. pws--'r let, e ja' tanonrteili (tain this isutenssify ee its 13. 

A eisoeeiblo.5 wax5 nmot 44imis'rleeIi. 11 w rves'qeIl sflM ti 4 ii( "uOn. it ha,.o Isern inosiieate' fintht. while. ties gone 

eists'top.hes li ss0 im ilime th o'ee a "mernvee lay~ert el co amevr afel"waIW tit have. high nut51 fltiI*'eity (vznluro' mnen,- 

11w wineluewis: t was sstooon est when sithe wineketws wert. *se isltes uies, a loto eMIi' x less vertain lotw~ervn) anot 

nvroe'essa awls mest ifeteh with the. in""' won 41f ths he leriw e ejesleol in a thirik eneessoelb lnyei rueiiate as, a 

hhroeww.teesa wth 1.'.ewpeetw'Eerw e twnrI 

Axs AbtuelY istate. tiep esletee, eswesI we Irtlelelarly wlisse the pusweksi is, its an active. vitats' ov 

eusle Iw'lw thr asilisalitifi: no tin stteont' ramp. nan- lonstinueg. 11' wtsssee te'eesirroy toewartd t'texrooiv 

,aitedi lic'iim~ite. 1414111. r. (ioess.iarie.3 m -TAXI K. gave. envismsejit' in ties' reel relieeei eelftiep ..iseafmieeui costp- 

T. MINHIS 270112 K at1.11 A ) 1eei. Winslu1wes 1111Al. anel eiftllvWW~ whe W stie'lming Xtoro tie at nommikerati' rel 

saiwect Ziti K at 2.1m1 lisi. Witeicowo 's'eeee i 1112 its. lhigh ils'noice', wheen lslne'k leesly cosnelitius os estselel lie 

11w eitne.sityitse fiep mi. 0,, te'ssele-sl top elet ireterfuo tit n fvels m.rly feelfl~lkil. haits tu tflip sseppowsidisin that 

eo. ass in the' rrusiets Air tips clssewed vsroos'is un lss, fisp11 smenw p,,nqwvw ssglu Ibi th brmdutlet a 

Maw y ht bio, 

3-ie,. Post. They,. wfss silies ,.is..ervsi- e'senoistle'ulils* flits. vssiveet in !hr, spnre-rise'xcetathat. e~ven fl~ieegh sall the 

utiiettienst 11etle fIeslp tiseseasv lIhervte'tissv. Jslervee' erseI ssns in flip vis'iIlipsteel near infmrarei re'ity' 

e'ven wlw,' ties pi-smitrern wao, esntis~netsly steasly. lisseiss ajppear I## Isuve t heir ersipti in thermal exeietal1ioh 

asoressa 41isn'eesssudily tie ties great teeriviels'er so( Sesan aletet 

gs' in the smetier. It ars eesgsuifils~ ýlia the amasuninlsaas msoulisstuvL 

T1wrsarlyr esnumwe oties te'mpsrratstsy io ssefintewes int ties, iwmneeeewonesueul when the. Iveenuinji ies sonpilreLe 

risenm'sieuse with tr'sise divetwoiesse s( Ssertiem 2.2; at pta's' It wervins ,seesm isivsfiabk' tep extrinel the esteidirm, uf the 

Cite's' "vier10 I) p. tse. tetuspnie-frr'e atps'eetcl leIshe' nieliatkien ado far ints. the infrared ano nosey be puactir. 

Ilueew 2110 K. anti diesun~e revi- uvrpy te, near the t'caze- asise' in view 4d thes highly intnesser heiandee alreadly osb. 

Mines, ts'uuugesatlue at tile. tiner tiles pires..sew renhe'cel ermvecl"' in thant regdioni. 1e7ile. at tips low pri-s'.ertu 

the naacpe 300lise 700 poi. si Phane e lesepads lengthss u-cel in flowus iteidics' the eosn- 

PC if 

eE 

Os n - .- ,IA"wt 

Vs~j E ~,hst~rg~se.iei.4 i 61111~r~s.71". iovieesssce...ie aset sestut ow, .4 oe..wt 4pa ntim sa t..i( Imm-.isr l i.,n withr 

a ns~ieg tnns.~c,:ra... ~~isvY( iie,.Tl. iar s Nk*j rfIAL~5~ gi'l 4f~ . s5if'b es~e 

S'AwIh isS sup 4 le lt.. AmIIC2 ue'tne 

Alls~ Ams~i.

i%-4 UStV'w~ 

tU~t~~U 

tewiw't~lat~nitt.u.ta ws e lni i 'mApn tinat un-A ./wiuduoli sbt4I.1 in WtY ra' i.II, 

thet the luind..iisa,1 lhamL 

of jviitil. ni-AF- k"m in 40"k'v too minifflig any rf'M 

Main gwom jut tbq thAn tia' ..nntusw"w'M I&AAMRkumwm 

iO te uUV 

"iwM With that .4 the .,sw-n,w4i laintds. it 6siwh~ta ns ilw'1 ~~ t ,3"POR (roin 111 Momewt 

The remw Wg.m in l inInunlIerei lIar letut-1 

live .4theen~*.wtia" .mE iaak~tp lmt It nIDIAN lie Isniirlyd that wmbnfr WO i Whab. 

er"IntMin rijaw cpastieo,1 awml an, CIm. whicrh are Ano- kl nagi tat~itw mnnKf~u~ 1 iI'h 

Xbo 

k. soieqr"ty 4aieft n ( 4 11. Ap a marsl, thei116L 

4 mnea1w M%"I am)he/ 160 Ufar 

Thw.. it - 1.#. > 1. the hueW hnnglgtness le~nop-t 

stuff isthe cotorre ton"t "tum. the MeI4. S.n (frr)T 

irn. 1w hiAb. and r, ii low kuw. Amaan win tinit ralaltln. 

tioa, taking L - g01.A. ua - am.%A. r -2500 K. 

1w'uahlls hop anol itnrlvW'ittttitf.. hettiW 

olnm6WiiiyJImoturli 

1CMLIi 

%atupjy mvwoinuld (a* the imiiduiiIa ati ula vWauh 

6g,m .4,(1w tA~wwrml i tmIpmummt ptrowed by FI*anl 

7r. - ~22 K. Thi6 wunhi 1r ani -~tfl nv -. -. 

tin w'nosiitift. so high a* 2 am' nind fmlongwttth 

Mei ax.o RAII.T-.@x 

rrpuurmlttil itty U( trm~eftiprtY in Oputoo; timl, AM 

the mialiatiun in the 2im. wini was '.lowffd ainutake 

"ttiinly at twini diait'nt'iefclly 4*pwu1E bat" in the 

phWutwww 1. 2. Ur 23 i a finngc CMIT' the aajo M'intwias, 

ift temptapno were bounml tjomum to huh 

Fin" W& ury ven in CafilsentiiiIL and in "-i'~loatinit at anor inostamt.0 

the ,efetad. Th'.. are afiE ninat magnit ulp. hatmirwe.. 

aned dtpud upu the rare with which the wqvwk 6 haTrt lunw 

dust. %ae muly wnt. iaus Puoility ad emor frn. in theTvowtra aMNl* 

atoonattoe tiE nodiatlion bar dirt tlcmaovatcol ixt tewin. Th%- .Amprnin'nti. diffivutitita' pointedr anat bow 

thaw. A studly ud thiso ham shouwn that asadi tkiawosto may.. ,aiitnarla. mahke the apparent gradkent ti taw 

appe' to N r-e ia--puiruteil in suctmsv. fiip anof prulnttf lwetwmu' the ehambaw mada bowt of a va 

rindrave witly after the Vp ham rivimle'la at Wre-tcr than the ma's getacheot 200n0-61M with so 

The eleptastit do %At Amer towI ..pr't Mliyvonirt~i ve. li',w andl eINt trzinvfe' in the poo anal Iwt em tbegaw 

awd tirwid'h u. lleew4mw. affot ativekrvuy the' di'e'" m 11w woa~l.'. 

* 

CONFVIDENTI AL 

tuit.whr vu * 

Sb

Chapter 3 

INTERIOR JIAIUMTC CALCULATrONS 

FIT 

r imm. I &wnl"rtw" 

PAINTRV)LCTrION 

of tramuinalil asuuImptioks, and appeOaimatioflu. that 

the arfol Via oel Oiteft iii and dcoipt its head securely 

rly witil 

prnatj~toiutirior Ib~fs~ineq~nte~lma 

iclue al w. lpcnomnae fithlattke 

On ,UAttEfifC (OWL. 

% h~jokt .1 I5W1 of the EcereOdnIuut of latue" 

pm With-of gtao wfin it L, lreil .' h in ft* mov uie rit e ITd *ee al 'n~ the pa~,e fttsefa cmpftr- 

MIRM Wiih which hIN% chapter is, Conlernvei. inter~ii'r A Pul] 411111RUIY Olf lthe earlier adVaiicea is given 'ai 

LItniplrst lea e lationvi are theme' ,.stematlizel lmanthe. ('rans' timftionk.'"" Xiethodo umeed by- the Armty 

inatie-i methods6 wherrity ther int io o( the gvroijrtlik' awl ~u in recet eg r etle nteSr 

in the pta is relatted to the otote iii the powde-r and Mateltt Ie.lsk.'~i~ee two mtain linewlof 

its Sagetitigpendueiti o 41honting. anti III tile design of aprutach. to rae. the thetoretical, the aim is to boso 

the pIrn. More specifically it k corocerneii whil the tilelargamt pooiir ldnwttitiofralartionatPoin the 9Mi 

fo~owivig arisns~em: this tnivel of the pirojectile. L. ceal lawn olf pipiuro sawl ,Apm indepleitleanllY drierthe 

vielocity of Itse projerfile. 1% the. prgar offthe mncine pn~pmtie of lthe powder and plin. In this way 

pon tier Ca- . . the tenipvernt imr. of tlip tvwler goo. r. &I qrompice prediction might he madevvitholit fiing a 

Simi thle tinw. f. These deplend IIJAIn lthe diotensieensaf iOt. In thle meecoad. or citipirical. approach, the obthe 

pmi: it% chamber routinec, r,. its loom aliamweter. 1). servedI precae.tursroel-velority relationt' for vasrious, 

its lnt.X:upon thle proije'ctile: its wviffla. .11. tund lups filing various thoit s's at rrelated -i as to svoe 

~ecion with the brim: Acion, the Ps&wdp, its WePiet. a PontwePI 61 tatn N6 theisiwmoll proess. without 

C'. chenirai comnctrotion. skil grainulation: andi uopn inqguiring into the dtailed merhanism. Such table, as 

Other fAetnrs, isacll a" ignvition Anil t he tritteranture of thwosefi Ix Duc,"1 l~liggla.1utt'ad Bentnett"" result 

borth the gun anti the puowdier. fronm thne second approach;l theme are highly useful in 

We may mnenitin motnr of the practical reasmns why parecdicting the hehavior tof the conventional types of 

thne entire romwto( eftle,%-' varialle,. should be knowmn. guns' and powderie, flrinp it( which were used in eorn 

The mozzle velocity ist ome of the most hiporiant pivilig the fables." 

properties ofl a guin. anti slwnihl he accuratrly w'pm.. In making a fundlamcyntal attack on the prblemso 

dulteti. T~he petesiire-travel citnve inisa4 Ie- known olf hypervelocrity and gun erosion, the firad approach 

both in order fto dleign a Iunc of the nlinimoon weight 6 oblviously to be preferred. The various interrelated 

that will not Wirmit antiitsov in ordler fto detercuinie 

whether it is winfe to time' a prospective ptowder in an 

existing gun. The piresitre-tiine Anil fotirn.".toretimce 

data mtust he known in t'unieleritig gns-esperateol 

rapid-tire devices. aoul in manking e'altilalti'ens for rerolles. 

going. -the terolpeairellr play, an important 

rule in ondloestiandig the thernuil jawl chemical pro. 

cmow 

h i-oeadtmeaue 

ot the muizZle affect -he leilo nti a.d flsh 

The teltiounte aito of interieor Indlhisic theilry worst 

lhe to isiake prrilirt~aillp in rver dCi a;ll the oqitilionelf 

physical provrriwa ore to Ie etiven the mathemtaticul 

cipertenion that is in best accord with present-day 

thevoretical andl oxferinental knoAwlege. Te result- 

ing met of cwtiationtv. is thven to he solved. with the aid 

(if simplifying 1aw..oip~iiiefs,. ownl apironci-nationvo. ill 

a" general a manner as juasmilule. The dependence of 

the variables of interest upon a large number of 

panlgeoim arantetera s 6tlosw otAsined. 

' rnalisedmeto nw lwx t setting tip and solving the 

e, 1uations is referred toas not stet'nnOf interior baflis- 

________ 

firing amny dc.ipwtactl pin Awitha:nt' ilr..gnzited4 ainniot- s Iwas. s 'w ote.,e~ Jfs'L. b 124 Dv"M~ a 

nitiopot. In viewr nf live lhirgr ntieolu~r qlf Vomrialelif..in 

vulro -indwehae nt aini ix&J 

ru~ed-itlwehar ,.. nstrdtleu cll -this aiim 

k i~nt lilrly to tie aluhim'e. (41.lr Mom 11le..lvy. h,.'we'er. 

we May 111g. t1m ,, retlutt' the poijieole. %%.ilh live "id 

reiavia jti...imis ine tl .Nw otr~!s X0 30. 33. 3U 37, 

Nil. later .0.4s... t.14 .miyu..l rent.. a ,..'ale WjwI.Ol 

-i ts e Wa a.,r4us TnJ inai.a 

Iir. HroIe~ tuh. .r'iL4 .lI.~ .w 4ii4u it tEE itjV 

__' .. tue. mI1e. M.,ti a. the Dor~m I i**eI.At 

I .isatWii, C. '.,,,wie. '--te~Ie Wa.J,.to~~~t.t..d ht ... ~ li. .l~r.tEt.. fle'ts.-to lo 

Ion~t, .1"I 11,au.l i.oA.aSe.4 S14,nutenk M'el ,took 0iiflev.,MI4l.s.k1 . 

COtN IDlF STI %L

T IMFIllWW'V"M QC TItO'N 09 tw~rat9P 111LL11WFW *SS 

tk's. Qewh :1 oteeim hop. in", eILe~e~ at tlk- (eeeb. e~vaiaieteea~taThe pnwuewiaen't'cehw 

IleY 4 raI Lueriteeea."y as part 4el the. Dihveem I plevo. Its Imiming ied peeaeelrr tee 00 ill ennIF111e141 IW the two 

Mi~n. Flit ilorm itv se, ofal m4erv tee this feennm.iltieeea effe",e ieast lisentailee f. nail a Maximuwm ;uvr'4Ifc W 

soaw' litissi owis~.kmbwe dse . atteaimus aemialy wh.. se " uhg bwe ahow die. 

tnrio fbee pJA glen tfosf o iwmll t" oru,,r*,n M.41'e. T'herroeftes the Pwereeise hilly, Aftl at Ar,a4 

attem~pt in thim rhoptwr its pltae the' fuelamrnesiai then, main' r~ioiaiey after the poaauters lee reinplet 

pninetpl"' arl chief w~iitMias 4e the lDi'eies I iuNw4Th. 71 nejtile'ewteetamtenvr. 

Asvltem. wish enitill-is upon the. jelai.ee'ir e'entent, lost -it a le'e'MAeia~eegrate. until it frai4U the niseth. 

rahe thaft them nlfthM"JiA40vti&Oý FM%044W "40-r Tlmaew an' tiiuAm (s n-laiomohiaqa awfmue the rariierfl 

a smilmeh toa eejuteaai&aael t.ajelar euit'tr that shimk that am' ot flumadeaearotsai ioaaaxortmaan. Thlero am': 

tuoae' be rwprjiew'lo" hawv. feot whic~h tile inten-eee MF Sthe evroem fleef ime sfeodth eel p hhe let h. ag 

swoolhr maute e'oeault the orgia patwern. isartiridurlkv itit velocity atsyl iwe~ifilm lte the gas proesMailt: M the 

the 1 - -lilated epofl.s repmtieen ofe- naev. Masting the %ve4eui to the e 

Them 6s ueehiteg rmsirsly anvrl in the lDivioao I te'naptritom tiff' alls 'ntfita; -. (3 the e'ieaetie.s o~fstate, 

waylent its aelauntage eam pftialees eeyetentma ('eaflam etlating the CIAe Istv""r. te-nietwfaettifr. etetentity. anm 

priui~ly in the large asambpof artern gaven, eiApicet roaleern: (4) the. tejeestiemn eel burning. n-atinK the pa 

e~iyiedti i~t ed trebted a prioeen tee the peewtier' 

roinpovitioiL Naturally 11se ate 4e a harp. itimerma 

od'pararnwterol"Iale te ab',uelrat'eorneema 

l~eeatili miam the. pe ore. 

r~ru. I attltso~bto im e art v 

ture still inte'rva'atifen se( tI"e 

irae5 tho ma- 

fleor ftntba~nunaf 

In Ito eninpwrt fern,, the Ilwieeivimn I Oeaetrm hass iavq., re"Aatieeeao. 4 if the Piu varialeleee peertray"'I. toniv Are 

sinstiel tamard arwuamry saml fl'imi~lity rather than are inekrnle'eneest. the ppa veehesme hewing eiieksil to the 

eaeaee.Fur erietuin applicatinfut. on the ctleer 

ban& tam of appa60 boruebirvrIellvthe f icrimiueore 

finojerfile. lowtwmn unite quiantity eel pa (eat PAW pow- 

ilerr. We liseght aim., ereeAielet the Linesaa primaq 

fifmitatilla of ranishir: Imlh hialm here pemeeilaletopee. Tarialire in galaee eel the ,mPjeaiile Itsio-46m 4w vbvebp 

pa rrous sWe ts ofi tahira that gr'eaatly mialan, the Ity roweni~nir; the. fenet feiswmmneeital (~meitualarnasng 

46s'ufty Of Mahliat miser typefpro u(RAr"em the0 Are rm1fiAlk-ee. 

"Uetica m etwrMe 

it id peeeuebllc to arrire at a single 

two Variables. It in Ieaumek most 

rulrirvawt to time the velority as the primary iweele- 

U T~E FND'~lETALEQUprismeh't varnalals. In the fulloeuing wetitau we will 

U VNDkFTALFQ T E 

rTboNs or satme the (emitr haamlameital C.equatiost in their most 

isa 

INT1'RIO11 BALSTC 

rM 8' MVrnVAP 

awmcs fern,. santml lin ieadie'ote how, with the aid of 

elstaia AnMeuaaptaeen MAndapasiau the" ate 

1.4 into a feerma emitaiale feer mrsimining into the eeingle 

W~hat happen.. in a was? 11w rlaarpr. e'rimmixtueg of equation. soel the njasan* eed the "asutaoe of that equaa 

number of eeMMU aftme~y irleaatival grainst Of eemeekee. tion, in t he liiaieeau. I sit-Alem. 

kwe pusniler. cd a definite pgemanetrietil eahape, is ig. 

nietee The eoliel ptouter iiwranteee cam at a high testrn-Eqainofmto 

pera~ture. re. ainte a deienite fate. dV 'II, that eIrpenwemTi'EuainofMuo 

am the Pifeesere. 1'. Th'le preyner in teem 4kIernid en 

the efaantit~r eel gas, N. its tentpenataits. T. asset the 

arlaiabile veolmnaeo. P. %" hi' ie bealte.Ii the vnillene eel 

the eraanilse.r. lem i. the valeame eef tin' ,.eeie petieler 

C 1 . The prr'-Aira'~e'rwril eus the iea-wooelthe ptalejrtile 

rasaise the preje'.lih. eel risae.1 It ite nwaesv eekewf the 

The eoieamteen etd meastine ie Xeowtem'a law, which 

4atrto that then ,rejaerl'atiesea eel tin' pnojetile timnes it~s 

inaam roeieual the naet f-mea' exweted tape, it. The aerel- 

pecaleag foare i, tin' ehli-mner iact eress the pIslmesm 

excnte'el Ilv the MIAe eill the. lI)Ce eel the pm~jeeiile. Pz. 

saml the niretaeeiee iaerý,fin elan to frictieon. P.. multiieewc 

sith 2 vs-leeitY 1'. these aerre'eing the vealetesa. tlie'e iv heytn am., eel tihe ieeew. .1. The. mqryfretieoa 

11we 

.111" 

efriefi aeeteairm'l hysea tied' eaeeng pro'ee'tile 

2q. am -.eJl ax lerat kmA W thee l vialteee tif( e 

eel meetilees *aa e~ e' itmm pl in tleef-intield'eeetiviae, (I). 

, E 

risandilm' " eloown.. remi"' (rneen the' Impseaar gain, tieeeLe (P. - P.m. - -~ I 

i. at. mpkep s eteet 4* i . With PaV tiwia with P, the' averiage Peeeere.~ eto the 

CONVID NTI %1

s-s... 

toS 

l~f~U ~t.3Wtf~Ut~f~l u 

T 

Moore 

"gs$Um 

powderu 1. Tierbuer fuolan- nel in~tieni.( eermcece aMO piec tou.loth beemie.l' toy Ihe appu.rot imate nature oW the 

..more graiient aili cle-ive+.p in a reeleenin it( p ecofwliiceh Kent gicettry anti the increttaKA ineportinneeof ignition 

.me ond (at the lirredo) ise stationary. andi the other pretecere waves. at that period, it is the besct araitabloo 

(at the priejeemtd*) 6~ tormeieentecl. Inc a KiIII theire mayv relaetiomn anti ise incoerporated in the Diiiimou I s)*. 

*Lee he prot-suoere wavri. clew to irrevaulr ignition. A tnit." 

econiplete .c.4estion to( the piolelem ofC preesoer anti ei. 'lie either ,uncertain~ term in etipation (1), the frierW~ 

ehivtribittiorn eel the powder ge meetivng in a guan tion P,, isic ieueceed in muorto de'ait in Chapter 6. in 

:ceeveeeiing to the lawsoee lydneilynameiies has not 1Kme which eqeeiationf (1) 6~ a v'arianft ofl recitties (1) of 

fieom.eel"Inm llice tiory dort liewt Kent.'" %ieie'h nicest lee Cluipter 3. It ise theme pointed toent thait P. eic in general 

a muceel tapproecimttieen too lthe ltrwti after the picojectile noet a scimcple fianctiurn eelanyi lurintltecol tiAriable. It is. 

is well aedvanced in dier letter. antl wlsielh ase experi. heowe-ver, Large e'eeeepruml to Pr only at the start of 

niental moemieamcutien (4elitpiee 6.2.4). Mareicte the pres. tecmotion when the projectile ise Iein-. engraoved: there.- 

-cut- cheep to the ruticeit eelo thecceeht icC elcrge too thitt aftert it ise etimip~rtratively- smnall. The assirsemption ex- 

,of the pnitet'tile' Iliiihereid cejeeclt (ee 2). ieres-sae byv Ca 1cc1tieees (.3a) ande (310e is. there-fore, 

"- of. + C/6) 

P - f x -- 

(2) o in toDivision I systera (ant; guenorily in 

(2)eithe sysitem..). In tlite.. equationsf 

famr a , eptilili c"11 ivcy lo t 3P.. 

Tico ~ ~ ~ C'I ~ is vey ~ ~ ~ 

exccept fur h 3-1 rve-1. xil 1y gi eee i. AII t it i v h e Iieinet itein (2)+ 

fato ~ 

- PX(Pr

pflr.4efr.nn nointjttsiIv linnitn*Ii-i" #lot joifriemiar E, 64 f11w kinctir nwW . I to 1vow i nodh' z Psln~firing 

illfno.pw16ffw. 

With hlan..;,.m4iIs.4 an.l *I-filmignK M. the 

Al t tmen ~4o I1W fluinp. Ivy 

4k vlt.. ill trt viaha. i% rJi~lltk unnrt-tn. A M.uni 

:altimixuinta~tio m.o Ieven by e411tatiom (8), wh~ich ii. 

haumol sno 1Iw uione, Kest sishtiim fair the mition if 

lbr rotoflrgot hee b"ri to thus Plotmootassmm 

as (V+C1 (4) f~IE 

0.~~heWufhnAWN 

11wornio of E. a lu Im- [pil iney fiePe 

TI.L ;I~~air h (3) 4.I~E Nssml 6 , -h fne IexpA n in X f 

Wiiuti.iont tow lie,4% Iiih 

Unitt the..KV sutowias (3)pmn tI 

itttii 

smation.usm nn' in ,'1 ialitmnw(iotvl.li o 

*tv +CI li 

Eo,= 2 .111 + F + F4 + h. 

v9 

((1) 3. Alio thet, ybhe 1nobrt,'npriiiplyItyiwfflfld 

at 

*Wifty1 is' In".. the we, to the Wallis .4 the chanilmer 

Tits uwinulividal t4.na..uw ti. " ot~lowipan are dscio.iw-id andi himr, It 6 d srued ia oltd tis&n elion &2.The 

Motor. tlavoreitical analysiscof the pirvollem leud.. to the re..ilt 

1 . Theo firs one. . Kw. 6thie mnewK relemoorl when thait At is apuiteyprivnicional to the travel L. 

the burned pituilter gin cirni. frown its aldialintie wilaic in tilrn is namrly penpiwtioomw to the kinortie 

"flaine temperature- To (tlefint-d in S..tvio 2.4.3 a4d eC1WI. IIL-itrfluli. aviournpltai~i s nuiile that the heast 

the temperature that tod beattaineild'Ialil ti... n- 

eWu of the cellrinal roamrnonpinet w.us exiliuwl, inal' 

Ioomi, itn proportiotnal to the kiwootit vav 

heating the ptiwder gua)tothe artivl terrill-m rnt r, b - 0 1- 

which is lowser thtan To bvenmo. iun curmr ie in exttmrl in2 

the pnxv-cnn suntarnitted by- tthe ternis on the right- lDr4n~in the effwtiv-. ratmiso q-( otife hetwit. 

hand Siden 'if onnutiai (ti). The dcptenlcnce of Koo son evilltuiol( (Ill. 

(10) 

T. Ik? 

the chemical aimpusition of the ptow~le'.and 4Mthe y I ( fi - 1)(I + 0. Ul3 

dervioty. state of chtmeniil evinifiloinnmm, and t4"mlwrs. 

ture .4 the pit, has lxen dirwitmed in ontlino in N4-L ,.oipocrting the at-.4iniptilnto(l .4 qitatiwwin (7) to 

tie. 2 .4. Cakrulation of the !ypc d-urnixlw anol illius. (10O into cignaitiom (Ii), amid remembeuiang the defini. 

trated there ullwa that Ed, us neanrly indrietwwltnt of tw n uutm 4) h ee weation t becurnes 

deowaty and nearly a linear fanclitinnof T. In the I )ivlnamed 

to hujld genecrally, which leadi to collatiantoi (7)i TV tm'. ( 

Vau then re ap mx nUt pru wr r.ati e ano ofs-at 

fr (1i T\e i s qatioi n of i(pwe tate w6~rmdi 

.v g'd e rtilmn 2.4.2. ..4 i na . it is n ceee r-oi rr to r me .. t the 

in wh~ich P*, 11w "in.;aituis' (C-,11144I "florre" in iflist cipla~t iobn (10). .I.,el..ped thenrad; the niunt accurte 

avarlier 6ilti,.Iic v.Iviiix)u,,. iA eflowleuI "AIT. R Imn '" oilaitlisn, int.. it fount. inr suited tum Wlnlintierlvuimlathe 

,,:umllwr it noit-k-A iifwi gentrai~fltx-r wumnit we.ia.lht 

of pa-wel r, and IR the ps cionst:,t. 'lte ratio. Of 

t 11", *fAW.I. *taiu (13) 

..juerific heaIts -f - (',C,~ is dctlltrnl as nf/C,. 

2. Ot the ('Ni"elo~l enera t'rnu.., .111' 2q,. the 

kitleti.e rtien~y . thme pri-imlil.' is ltme iaruvt- nfuin 

RT r FT3 

'1 ' o 

is tlae..nin~ortiiatioin (10) of Chap.ter 2 'cepqt tha:t 

..m.*nj . n~rtoati-in iith tIm lrj...tile~ti uu-.n,fi ro4 lthe fini v i 4" of the virial cuefflkknts is rt-tainedl. In live 

guin amru pilipqanliouna1 to it. ai:id relat ively 34iiall, Wait ballismtic cpealunthM t lxe 4anwAlilme IF is c,,n..aiolrm'u to lie 

m~ay In- iilefai.IduI Ily z1aljue4 ing .11. indtlie'~hntiv eat,4 ilintiity and trmemiertsre, and. is w-t 

CONFIDEKNTIAL

aj~pu~datet ~ ., E.V# IN ml~ to ,'l'ii.atC intl a Ixtilialic sy.stemf wither~it great COrnfhitattionlf 

for the effeCt uf the higher tnots in lp at the avt ralne .liticultjes. .P"'I'lliially in (lhe Divisivin I system 

density PP` 1.iliiog in gOns," ' 3 0.2 L ecm 5 - 001~72 ecquatiun (I 7o) 6, misetl. with it a 1. The equation of 

lbi/in.o. L~iming. foor rnotsla-ls4mafoinig-moif~ace powder, thtus 

The Aposidy a.iw op mlthai sohL .x ngeXt. swo .t e em*As 

Wsiglht ~f)ehauw. V the densityidof erimsullwerpthe dY COP 

ehamber V..l,,,awe r. - AX.V. and the pisition of the IV 

Projectile. X - Xo + L, as exipmmd by 

A - T6~X(1:M b FienhlanantaI Equation 

A X - X., anad It. Solution. 

Ml4u"S the latmami;. Armp~it U1 M 4' D,, "a tist Teifm mntevuh ,in thtctrsuimplOfe4 

term a -( - 1) PA tile cilWtial. 44( plate b~mi"e" lipmit, cogetatlin* (5.i (121, (15M, and (18), may now 

-U.1 -!.loxN\ .VFT 

To1r 

lisnhitlni4TI llrwlbetlifferent ertiations flrthe 

inlterval of btrmin!, when N < (*: anti after burning 

I. iiigli when N - C, and equatioia (18) no 

& T 11 Equiation of Burning loner? is nerded. 

Thelaw@ nwo go tviovt; the 6orning it( pgs4lnnt4 are 

diseussed in Seettitrn 2.2.3. rt i* aroooned that meat, 

Purfare of each grain is ignited suinmgltanco,,sly. and 

!%TZrVerL Of Urs.MIN M, 

During the iottrial of( burning, we Amrt enmbine 

that the burning of each sairfac.- prseceds nrlonu~d to cequalilons (3) and (18), and integrate, obtaining 

the uejfore, at a inte dritsinikent an thle average lret.. 

saue. As a conwisequnce, the fractioun of powdele 

cilunltwa (19;. 

CA c 8u~ 

burned, X/C. is related to the fruction f of ttw org. 

iowl web thickness 1l remaining unburned. Vie Mea.+ 

X-X+AW-1 

W 

tion, known as~ the fonn function, dellends asolely on 

the gcomnetry of the grain. It may in mrtor-al lpe ap. 

proximated bly a quadraticd function (M)1. 

X ~(13) 

Te constant Of integration No. 6 the quantity of 

psowder boomed at the time of start of projectile mo- 

tiin: by tile definitioin (1a) and the c4lua1ti4)n of state 

it .le1xnmds ott the starting pressure P. &aording 

e a k - IV + 1.2p. (16) to cugooatim ý20). 

In the simplest rase (sheet. tong istripsi. or Ilong 

single-perforated grains) of eonstant-burning-SUrfAre 

Y9 op F;P ( 

(D 

powder, x r - I - f. Tin our derivatio~n of the 

eqooatbons we shalt confine ouruelvcs to this case, 

although the equtations; for grains aof any shtpe have 

been work~ed (out in the D~ivision I system. WVith 

seven-nerforrated ptowders, it is necessary to u1se two 

sets of constants k, the first uintil splinterling occurs, 

By, simple ling-irmsbstitutions we may now elim.S 

mnate P, T, and N from equations (5), (12), (13), and 

(19), Ic'.uing the fundamental ballistic equation (21) 

flr the interval of burning (for the case of constant 

buurning surface). 

the second to describe the burning of the spline. I'H - C Mo +il m-. X. 

T1e eiperirniewni evidence addl,,eed in Section 2.2 

led toetpotigins (17 ortal hIt foortheprmr.11cd 

ence of thle burning rate: 

2 

- 

e C~ .11 mft 

-o+(1 

C + .4 It' 

1 .41 Ir 

dX (1 

_I*dl T+i Mw is a udiTeen'ttial eqoiaxtioan in which the velocity I' 

orfi (I' 7a) s lte mntlewitiudcnt variabole and the position of the 

poo~jectile X the dcllentleoat variable. All the other 

- III df Rift. (17b,) (itlI:Otities that enter into the ciptutioon nre cons*tants 

dt of the firingr. ItA -solution is racihitated In iuinstroieing 

T'he *v*ille of thle rcltfl4e1, n0ii tt olomIion (171,t is thle fivlt. wilar Allin-viationA, Z, 9,. and r, expressed 

froml 0.8 to 0.9. Neithe.r u'ojaoli..n 1T' vat hle fitted by eopo:in~sals (2*2) to t.25). 

CONFIDIENTIAL

"MR nlVWVTIL EQWTWPIS OW 11?KRSION® VIIA fl. 

1. Z, a dink n~knle variable livopuortitmal to the the pvrr~iam 

A W. x 4 

I.q a dmemwenle pva umasli t4* Is&b the trv l: siam sa . 140 misu 

dalsoime pWoew: 

AMOW fVA: u.g ?3f4.; 

(2-0fiW) ?. P .19 WI 

4. r, a diu~me paamrnttdt 

gas the O Pt r epeslav 

inperfectifu: .mWT'(l - -'-' 

sad &h firodius &werm 

Mith thepe abiert-%itions. riomatinn (21) limimes N . A Wurc .)' III 

MW kko ~lltio MW ad S FW P61 b rfllfl arm to its rahi whLm &B the powder is butne 

-+f -Z' -z* i/24All 1( 

finefinnas at the pohnt of etimpiets burning am, 

creit ythe othacript b.'ho maximum prn~te. 

a..JJ'ad. meahed Weore the end of the burning inter. 

Val, occIur at the poinst 

The integrals J and A~ havre beeni evaluated ntimer- Z jP r 

icafly and tabidahted" forat Urge lanve of the pnrnwm All fuanctions at the point of maximum p. re, are 

atern q and w - V(? - 1).,and ftw dswIv %ltcr demel by theuhuaetipt p. AlthoughX, depends om 

values of the independent variable, the mliterrd va-te miw raeP h tr aPP s. 

larty Z. To addition, chwv.d exprn-..iums have beea 

dh~aintmi (31)tetem(aPPis 

by uIn they may be cacutated for other coniiain'd to unity. so that equations (37) ad(1 

values ~ ~ h ~ 'irbiig ~ of* 1" ma uily ie sIx-wed to find the maximum point and 

athes ofther Parlametrs lm .I the. O I utaiot yields Z, gtrtter than Z6 4t 

ane relted in a btrailigtflorw:In m~anner to the v ficawtutteSIDUUpfIO.IWa 

able,. Z and y, the tahsbaieiv Nanetitmii J and S, and 

the pammcetcre P, s, suid u. Thecy ame: I.fl:RVA.LAM . lt-tNIN 

The trovii Tuc I'misLinaiental 1xillkieii 4eriition (38) for the 

interval after liasring ik denried by combining eqlua. 

L - 

.4 

+ Jtaonx 6 (5), (l?), and (15): 

"'-p~( - lt -. ) + (X -S) ; (30) 7 '~bMl'- FC - r, ( - ý.U 41 (33)v"j. 

(ON FIDYNTIAL

0 1'%FIktIUR %%t.I.WIrtC CAlXLTL M'49 

Itse mutiten. the Vdewiiv4 ravel nrelaton,. is 

2t - 

Vt- - ,~) CID) 

In Sectioon 3 3 we Iaem-4nit t he uaoiggmtrd mnethdead 

wherey n111"aaaanem v-dmmeae e1' "lw manl~ti y 11 

abtlaiawel. lIn Section 3.4 ame goven ametholaee whaeielty. 

vk limitatiomo 4a amwai 4l the a traint-teia tea their meA 

Zswbirk Q #1w. W 

aw ort ano .. 

stoanto isomawratioo l poisee os 

mtil as t. W Ifiw Wd C 1 

i"A~ia mmaamam-ritl-l inUcie0, the imelkcCnee Of -"thtf Peaun- 

aetim, wfbwhi skaewn upoon the -h 6 of the Pat dim. 

burnin as VXItMAWe Ivy cosateisntee k40), nientonaaeeieitand owel-r tyiN.. -nay be mom eesrfy semom 

Tiwace aen ilhnluataed hy mncriezirA examples, In See- 

It l - (Iý_ A 

'"4 -d" IieAto roklalsi eat de'.eept Of hypenveloorty guai. 

Tbe otiwr va,,ablei in It&is iatrna we whailvely 

simple ttmmaeaiemae 4ef Q andl X: as gve~n byo aerutIuA&W BIUPLFJeT 111146MV~ P.SMeMsu CsML 

(41). (42;. and (13): 

- 1~ - '9 

P F.eC4~. q.e). (41) 

We may tn 4out her how the snicetlo In the 

burning 111tervamI bmieouiw pearticularly simple if two 

aeliftioliaaee m.,iriotiesina am made on the purarmeteam: 

-+ TI _:-Irv 

N2+ ~ p -j f. Q~lt-en 442, 

(1) If time %imautuc eat the powder pa equals the spiirife 

vithanme A the *Aiid powder (abiout 17 j1 .ý lb) 

the "oatnmt a audits aaa waia~ed parameteerer alu 

am*'. This revults in the emlinminationi of theintepald S 

Tf!-ei.1.)" 

4-1frein the Malutione; (2) if the sartiutng preamure and its 

aajcceeiattaoil Ixtrunmeter q iii ar'., the integral J 6i much 

nckie 

The values at the time the I ni'eilc. n-irlimc thp ipiid i xe.ov j lait 4) 

mause.. dcloetlr by the meulaeee'pt, A, o.n-.aulily ca11. ofa (At U -a.Z . (44) 

tained tar Uing the above uc"timatbn am! the Overall tu i eat-evl a w 

length of Use gin, X,,. lmfrkr t concemliticxmun eiiy-rvl pesm 

tnwav. and temperatureotraval curves a-e alike, and 

their ilpnlcxndcme can the gun and powder parameters 

~' Duiaeuaeeon of the Mnilltion can be mcmi'. readily armn. In peartieulaz., we have 

XAiRRu OF THIC G1VVU SL-iX ~alium" (43) fur the pre.'uute-raved curvei. 

The ctimatiovroa Of the preesling aertiowi, together p - 1)2( 

with the table', tor J and S, paermit the calcullatican of 1.A * 7 (the 

complete hiallistie solution for any gan u!ming any hrqlmcevoueatetisofm immp . 

po*wdrof oinstant burning macfaee, in te.. of the oun is then depaident only on If as given by equa-. 

Pazwneteroe F, 1. 9. 1% U. To. Pa. noe, B, and W o 

powder* of other granulation, th outo 1**fi..hn (411) and (17): 

Iiwiially very sinmilar, exceit that the addititmal pw.,( F~~ (46) 

rmnetcmr ke. ki. and h, am invealveil; with seven. +I 

perftorzated ptowders there ame two acto; of I-,$. the see. *" ((' fl7+1 

cane lieinx s'im in the additmal jean ishingt pecleaqi. tisat y aati 

the piowder aeplinterm, ducring whicl time funain~me. 

tuj veltoriy parameter vaaies (ream 76 toa Z, llaeraum~ Sinre the tetrmacian of 7 in eqamatiumtns (46) and (47) do 

eat the large macmber of parametero, aind time coniplieti. amet vmrv aKrenhly over the run&ac of vaslues of 7 usually 

lion of the equmations, it is rather diffiramit to evamluaete cmeauatnuirceJ, to' thisi degree of bimmaplificatlean all presthe 

importmance of any eone variahale. Ilimo importance suire-travlcurvesn are similar. 

elf earh is tII "no!e emvnt. larwimht wiet in bucreeding This mcmch-aimplificd Uilli'~ie hase been useed in a 

semitirneen; contintiL'd use cit thme avatein in vamricieea hal. numnbexr of Abaerdeen Preaving ('aruemd reportailmeAt 

hectic appjlivataenme it-, lau'ucver, needed fur full alppro. ami14l W:mvemmlse IL-Grl 1w Noaaulleimat' in Imis camlculations 

elation of the facturs. of thu hmeatinag of gunsme, as described in Section 5.4.1. 

CON FIDENTIAL

IM kU %I~bil 4W TUK PIP%*t!7W.R4 014 ?Tra RUL4IIG~j MilW4ThV140%il 

Timmz 1. \.Psu~ivwI valtor,.1f pm-blr etolsl 

- __ =. ~ - .ý =-===-_z- 

16.3 03\WALI iifi 

($.Mflmm. 

r*' Iv~a 11.101.11 .u - ISM W 3" =- AVM iAmI 

. i,,.& *b a 

F tigi 

1 

164.10IM3, 

il 

Ik* slo. 

istAi 

Akio - tgvmy17 W 

331.555 +.,All It 

LZ2 - 41112,W 

26.J6 

4.2 M7 

Ah"" 

310.01 

L= 

30.11 

AM 

IIJU 

As" - JMI W 

310,al +. 'i2/W 

21 

Ain 

ism6 

am 

31MAM 

IIIIs" 

26.6 am.4 

M 

ol 

A14" 

21*4 

*UU 

31M 

u 6F TUAII) Til"I'H* MR VITFR.S Poito..6 Id ~m1 in Mplaperta 5 and II. The fsulmwing 

iN THYE IIM.U.lSTlC EQ1. MOI4NS jicnlmmlizaitin (noonif the evoilt may Ie waaed to 

UA loauderConesanto iunlawhe poansumes~s when nocilarmiarrta; kolowl. 

Fhe araki'Iwa~anwsvs41wimuwlms 

V'..ss'&I F 

the vasianI~tir Ilaii,w trnnlwratinia, 1. the mtliep so4 opp. 

sifre histrt Ir. agA the Srwruithaw IV air silrilabl.. 

frism the shi-micaI rio,4hxvititmi of thiw piswill-r. 11w 

Th fartiar f. the raita is(f heat luist (pr~ito to elre. 

ltisn itas kinctire nw.. wieh irl. ~aos the effertive I 

testialtriar 7 (e. 4smalisof(It] iulunlwi"Puifeipjai 

4~ the rulilmsr isf thle Vol. hcinig wv Isar ler arner gun&. 

aanpw~ whirls msake this distihmrtive fentutma is( It asiso insrarsasae with ilk- flatne temperature of the 

the I-6imqn 1 s"stn pssemodsle (in earlirr asyotsino puwsk-r, aalslith thwe k-gth adthe gu. It.lI 1asaturul 

ouch eiiusaantas wew ep~imntesI front rlmslrhil 

"aresuesomn..:si have keren utined" in 1et-i~sww 21.A 

2.2.&. ansI 3.1-4. In easer the exsArt ristalaiiiiislm is( a 

particular ps~wtk-r lit 6B nut avajlalvhs.. tar in makingt 

4 lerreaw, aso the anauauimsn pit mre and maul. rev 

kWily ama iwmuIso & . m t *A diandiay of Ismd 

inx in an esisolins pan. Sowe typina thsmaivstwls 

values"' ame alauwi in Taille 2. 

weat I rialculatkvns. it 6s userfil to have "neninafl 

riahiessof thepowdlerrnswitantis, hasiedu asi11waverupaaw4h.ihl ~ ~ 

* 

romplositios. of the partkiular type stf piswilr in clsrpa imem 

t6m. Tabl I pweto sin.oic ecansirn a~eWhs valueis. 

Siam. the volatile awlnd mujstue smiteat uf sertini 

-_________________ 

F 5 Pode SI 

powalem. vanet with the well, the s'smsant 11' toterm C'alitre .26 111 0.46 L"6 

into the reultal. 

For a eunapariassm of the approximate, nx-thsada of 

calrulation of powder psanietero with snore cliart 

27.ý 

4.4a 

M.AL 

34, 

FYI.11:M. 

NII-I , 

M111 

YNII-1IS 

an 

am .2 

W1 

6&47 

1.11 

* 

it 

lie 

owthtssli anl with expetimential inslts. the twnlnal Ii0 l.1 .13 120 

mustA1poounXXVted. Music Ise M.UIISI.SIS 

silsiy fur tinwo near ejeeitym. when the gm t~rumpusi- b.ci.a- b-. 

Nxcept1pu1.,0 

.0 - shro I&s thba MOU 

ttaun 6s mnrertin. the nisuaiisod la ckritets will be 

finite ner"Mtie. 

too e. I.* a--a ogsPML 

1fl.. inamto rsrartni ce~mpeinntal evidence (for the 

LU2 Heat andi Friction lowtise 37in andi 3i.. loins. at C~ankienwit 5 'flg paiarinte.rm If. .s. asol 1'. %rhlaidi tilke inato tir'instant 

the s'nerr1' Is.PAe antiI ravel shlnv stoe cipm st..at. 

" would indj. 

rate tha.t ilbsa visit"s sof Tabsle 2. anti thoe given by 

fix- foillsittiiKi fisenasgia (cistiatitm (18)) nreis~,narnsled 

iii an suirly n'iurt." 

ing sof thse Von ande frictism Istoern pssssv~tila. ansi 

lxssi. assay iast alwavs lie kssmn a I"riri. If Isallistie 

ODAT.,- 

-r. 

T.1's!"CID-'s 

(43) 

results. Pin a Cisis 4Vcost an- aissilalsis. it natty he ,swoi- 

Wss its. asilji h4-4 Is*.ur'jssatsro -s :s. lo st 9.11aill 11" arr fnss.. Io1 iss 2.5 ixwr srint live s ih. Veian anrenr.e 

lN-,# fit. leser limm .e issitwss. 4~ 1 Iw lansa-'.-we sf lic-it 

us's ainsi fritetissss. awls. 4-f mossw- t..1iineI sns-wrvit-A m,' 

1asividtr :anti anm averam. rlilm-r rasin (frisetv 37 sant to 

5 in.), I will 1wr sIsis' 141 1.30. flis aosoasls's v.,alu i6 

Ct)NIIDLNTI AL

Tins.~ 3.~9 w4ls. -llesmr lyo .ormo' : 

- - 

~ ~ ~ srai tin rowwri 

If we J1013?I %tIt~ln 

EWAW 

tions i.E thist chapter. tikn"s osatclior impe rilitrtL It 

may he noted withoont infrosllooing gnaw torrw' low all 

taken equald too .04. It may Ise womnewhat higher in 

high.vehwityg opt" anti saloo when the reloc ty is. re- 

4=4 Sithe PRWAmAafl 1AIWI glaft (MAlwo, .AiV1s ow s& A i aswý esu hoso rebyI is ion 4 te .m gw 

minHet). 'somesshat lower in 'shourter gunts.. Factor S may In 

7he parameter P. cannoit ie dlimecly rvom'elats'ql taken as. 3 in aNl traess unlt's. the ratio tof charge to 

with it's phymical meaning of the 'star~ing pormolrm. penjweile wrighit excee~l 0.5; itwa very bs'ge ratios 

Throe osr-~mpinctiifir m of friction ansI of the lonminag e-C`31 its. variation its. am. sulswn in Figure 2, based 

low deptiriy the metc ssowrvs.p'smens. of I'sitith the ion the Kent-llirusclifeider theory. 

"ms1dt' iii 'tatic po"i test's. which nlay roughly hie es.itero'sroll 

as. a functisn of ealilwrr in accordance with LUs p.nngRl 

00whoola (49), Lm 

S 

- "' "d 

which may- be ussed if firing dlait arc larking. 

It 6 slhin pennis.'siile ito take a 'starting prc'ssssre 

relimspolinsg tow. C - .1. The hitter as..sannlptiont 

iterimnin e 

gtthp milimum prem r. asut isaclear fror- 

equtathin (47). It its.. howev'er, difficult to clorre!,/. 

ivalueto of 8f determined fromn cloooed-chamber firaqp 

with thisor obtained in Runs.. Ifence whiener~ pol.. 

ha "04 in -as ofn toe filfilowing Inleda~toios (if this. o.ible Ri shimhil lie illeternnined fromt the olitietved maidchapter. 

When pnes'surc-trurel dlata air availahsle, P* mumi p. an'u or mosaic velincity. JAeking such data 

rhouki hie determined frnn themn. In axortal, in asiloi. the vahues. of( 11 pres~ented in Table 1i may be us~ed. 

tion to the variation with. onlilitr. Is. slccierreast with T1lew~ rowirwspimnd to a I', of the raler of 40,000 pliS 

-incresedq loaslingsdens.itt anti inceampea rnan.4pof the anti No. C w .01. For higher mns-nmum prsaa.'ea and 

projectile beore enograving sitarit'. Miatting pnarvs..res. the nom~na ilderetaamosomrewhat. 

The parmenater si. t le effertive m~ast. ilependos umumon It varies. with the initial tei.aperature of the powder; 

1F1 Im 

the tabodi mn shies. refre tot 25 C. The, average temn. 

jierature cooefficient siIh sT6 nis. hut 0.00 per degree 

* -- J 1 1 1 , - Centigrade. 

£~ZEFIRIL7 SIMIPLVAPI NUMERItCA.L ME-T711ODS 

-. .-. -OF BALLISTIC CALCULATIONS 

~ "a Consitruction' of Tables 

I __ ISection g 

"lhe Pollution of the ballistic equsatinnis, as given in 

3.2. followed the happeninp within the gunS 

4!1J1 

tit bigicrtI 'sequence from the start of burning to 'shot 

ejeo-tion. fit a x'ry large nasnulserif Irallistic problems, 

ls.wever, line Runta resuilt, the musczle vclocity, and 

One intermeoli ste ocurirene, the vtaixiimusm prr'sti~re. 

5Z. 

arT' tlse two quamntitir~sisf greatest interest. 'lliews may 

sitlser be given, as. the nisust ro-itfili' seteituinnlsle 

a 

rsor'sxt.vr 1 .ss;.,...d it. 

hlqqm i~~ ~sfgj..I.2i llt'I.p.s 

lnj ý 

osrInassmrunients.. sor are' the~ nitist iniptort~nt rr-tilts toS 

le t-'shstalattwl. It isa therefoww ha-trubla to simuplify the 

litilli..tic slA'ts'n in 'such a way th~at these two siplanti. 

CONFIENTIA

RtVWFUIC%L XYMInfll liW 3ia W U1tHRINIS 

ftft MT~ We mfd ,yaailvy re'AaenteaI %ith the Other vatww to%. a. armI7.he poai ntflmaxhimpft mveM 

11W ntuhe ea.TIS~e ~mw.n~aia~iii oft~a c 7.a* . ia 4 functuion mily v t the maxinmum preawum, as 

tionm. Thw,. by Axing rttiainoof thvpsamm~r",faI~t~ exprrswrtl by, efontine (34). 

eywm piN "IainpeIkwkztt.aauw.a + t ; 04p~q). 

A esiunpiee devuripotiom elf thea m.-thrdsh6 oiigven in 

(wptv~al~an~a(1agrrl~~li,~w~amldg'd I-nM thv E,,tire Iiat~lwiaj ivolItioNf is fized when, P, 

Tazliwl II -XV of that wrpert ro-mlorip The Iiipnnnm SIMIeither#r ý?t! in "perifiore. Fooreltmple,fthersiaa 

-awoulta. Tiry are bornE too fill fialhowing valuae du th, fratien'Aiip anuams thr th"e prirrifiul variaaiolve for 

papegsel: I"e &pap. y - 1.30 (j, - a.5;Sefa the eutnuawgcame, totaled in evenstium (57). 

pw~. -Xe/ M; hel's .wa tlivuw 

isTabule I of thopo mt - haptecr ft nurinein FN II- 0 -4 z 

mt1 puMAer (the t&AMe May readily lie adlaptedI to r 2AIxZ 5 ' 

other pimaalesinc orns ly thie ratio F.'s aen inito 

the voiewgati~); Creavieruuea. two colors are ried. 

[3,l+ 

141 

±Z.fiiZ, 

ervel. (1) constnta burning surfaew. t2) wepuf. 

inatedipairse. with&a ratio .4 grain kn~tla toldeajinier 

The animultanevwai oleatiurn of eqaltioens, (50) and 

(57) 6s given in talmi lzr form. onoe variable being tabs. 

of 2.&. and grain diameter tu perfuranuA dliameter id Isteu as uNetinn rd psi=a of arxworit: 0(7.P,). 

* 

IL 

Them re th-efanelamintnlat pametrem or nuxilieiuy 

I, *.P4 ). The P.. val at thea end nfttae burning perWo 

6 given by equaaleaitn (51). S 

ramilelee that enter wint the aenaplifled Itubr, lliws 

ane: 

At . 8Q 

C. I 

Ow -a-1ximalt XiW), 

- 

to (- -m - . 05 

F"Wm thlpeviuF I&M' and rPUbs 4W8 r, Ad han... 

117- ie related to P, 7. and o, Udlitionda tables. ap 

pwme I' as a fumatann of pairs of argtwrxeta. By an 

-roln of three nwthnula the porem velatity, and 

1I20' .4!1`819 

CF-A117 

temipprature may be found as functions ad time as 

m as of tra~ve td the praimelh. 

(for serev-perforated gralf(I) l 

I The pretooor fune tins: ."J Cemcrrsiud Prrueamurr-Trswl Carr 

We-Z. a ~ Djutiow 00 andP C-01)vhrgreteprsi 

The1 travl fianetin.: cally in terms of Z. and are exact, but irni lye a nurn- 

- *he 

5 -~.~~-:--(3)eaanstants 

4.7The derevty-eaf-Innuding function: 

a 

* (r.1. - 

OP) 7 

her of elastuanta. If, a" in the pereceding a etion, the 

X./C, 7. and tiar powder vonstan. % yand p 

are fixed. tloe Moatinn between the proosumre . terms 

of its ratio to the maximum preaoiure PIP,, and the 

~~travl, in term of the vulume expeasion ratio XIX., 

depentls only on the loading e6eneaty 5. and the fun. 

S. Theteo vnrty unt-tiaoe filt tlw pwriieal after biurn. dmemtent Iimering pnrameter 76.7U Telatter mcorcover 

in i .enrplete 

r(.'' I-.mAZ) &- t. (54) 

cterm onlk in the "oe inipaartant termliq and r. Ifenee, 

if tne stibstitatces in threle termis (foir 76 the valise Z I 

the regionof the p,.meetradel urve frmmthe mazj. 

In termseelf the-te fianctitotenh. vle vlocity tifter Inon 

ing he irludng uzze Aritity 6 

i n n c . u d n t e i a u l e l a c t y 

re- JSM(I - rev). SS 

minm pren..are to t he ruamplet ion of burning, and the 

nliie at tlei ninxiniuam, X,. fair lower vm!ucs of the 

t r a v e l, a. f r m i l Y n f p r a 4v i r e- tr :, v v l r u r m a r e o b t a i n e dS 

whaich nre ugarnsio-inntelY m.-lillii enilr 11 raulr~iitions, 

Andl Wlaiah dttpvaad uuldy 011 11auM gea=rnUt1L, tile Iced. 

Xrnn F, , anal ae h~tae leain fixed by samign ing ilefnite inag flenwity. 

COLN' 1` UKNTIA L

The' ineoe' :tji3lie.lmlde' t.11eisut of ewh sioam'... dlnwosd The, fidlkuing am thle jirinv~inl" eleri.ed cuinsteanta: 

(for I - I.:A). N- (* - (1-411. and Mlecrlcu VO of Sin 9h 311 - 

rrbaatiri'tie ofs FNII.MIt potwner Q~ ruv str A 

nearly ..igieiall v ali~l ler father tOwi~i',e) amc ewaowsi 

r~rr The liniwlla.q tiomok.et' ma units of 

In aple-r to kl*e thve' rm flu' theODO rodetants neu.4X. 

I* kwswn, turegtiw- Auith ftle' vaitems es( P. and 26; it 

Z 

Z 

A 3AM'. 

L 

-512D61 

the laftimare' nwit given nitli the pqnulele'ni, they, may 

lie flotrnswiniuaem (f"ltiflte lenailimig dele'tty Will OV111Si. off 

vi4iit. liv tile tus-tlifmL4 dl~i~iilu' in the pitew'uling 

vsvtiv. TIne'. erunei apply lip to the T"aa X6 ',19 

reWWmjuensimag too A. when. the Wetting peuiosil is NJ + C/3.14 

t 1w. ithe -eions (ste X.'X. to the micazie, X.I.'X., %4w458h.e/(t (aamening e - All). 

the Ismoeri', r L-itive' to item vaishe otX.Vo/X.V in arreird. Firso CtionWPUW*.U. To calculatet the burning coning 

to rowitaticin (41) dleownelit, finly' on U 1 aw V alos f (nonu the cm~szlc velocity V'..- 2,700 fps, 

being fixed. Time ge-ners I fameily of promrt-mnevr!wis h wmrmssadltpiie;:hsotie 

cltuce fur thiAe reglent, for the maine vaieee-g off 1.a in Svdin 3.4. 1.qamFeron, eslossfnpli(SeMe. o 

werw*#eein fis Flu3, are uheucen in Filaire 4.71Tbey amg uu suli ~l 

app~r"l by .eeititable ve'rtima eladjeaitnitetnt of the pmtoo 

NOW Cu.s to join with fie curve (run the burning 

32.54 03M 

-0332 (U 

latewaul at Xis X8. Flosonqurathem (521, 

Ta- stioa rport.. devortl snx the Divisnn I SV* 

from are lillerally istuiteld.e with numerical examples.in 

whir oach step in the Peollution of the varnot,. types 

eel peeehl~rm ceonmida'emd is. wn-grle out in de'tail.4 We 

rhoson'f to iticoaitete the s'tletowlt by ealculntiemg lined 

fin the 34in. guin at Canknavck, on which extn.ea.va 

Fnial I (L1206 - 0M17) 

If of- ..- .138 a 

rThe value of P,"corrmponeling to the above valucs of 

* "d r it. lated i Table V I of Report A-30?; it Is 

hlfrbir icosnmimti'nvests; were maui'e. ail drorwnlsee 

Chapmer 4 stil (men her tliverumerd in, ~.9.tioei 0.13 

i 35,420 pdi. For the powder in quevition thia gites 

5.ffoidit to equation (51), 

Ther win comptants are: 

A of 7.30 in.$; P. - 223.1 in.'; 

P 

- 244X23"e1 

790l/nk 

bI.. 

( 

(2 

L.e on 121t.2 in.; J1 - 12.7911L 7The value Of 2. aemrsiqvooding to the Shew. Values 

o%(P," and # 6a loated in Table lV of Itcport A-39s; 

Tlir roctiolantis forN NIt Powder we're: it iss 1.1497. 

C lo 4.02 11); To, - 2MO *K:;? - 3121,50M ft; FMWn eljuatia., (5(h) 

of o 30.011 iu.*/lb; js - 0.0371l 11,n)ý. 8 - Wr(.DA'/C~nm 2.)" 

Tihe web of the iseven-Ierfoenste'el grain ie 0.03.5 in.; - AM020 in.'hlofeme . (63) 

wee s4tun rarfy snet the' eiueejlifirol 4eueniuluationt in 

whirhs a rostist i it4tlriii ig-~em rf~are graein istinAuaekre'd, 

witls %o W - 0.0352 in. 

42 onpd~s~t iigfe vleo os 

dtniwe'l. to cacletilate the coniple'te' bnlli,,ics, by the 

delstaileul aate'tlseid of Serteion 3.2.6: By a*4i.emption, 

_________________________ a - 0.15 and X./C - 0.01. Fruin equation (23) 

I, 4iire e ci. xmf~ ,,.cwnto ti-feel in tenwi~eto Of 

'"ff ".i.Wle Wem i'..e.t ',Ilrnei the frm-nin-mt, ee4 a a -. 01FM2 (l.'0.71 + .125) - 0.3179. (64) 

iee+"A-cil a,. wr..le-~n Al.) *"eno- fe'etff" .4 the 

M~i-iwi.i. I ,yf.nwe.,.,.. ,ucpIi., byv ipivro.irat-.e in Fuse., erwgealsifi. (24) 

'rnfivme 11 o( hioev,4, 3 isu ca.keWatitoom Vi UWs ludliihmee.. 

nuekea.q -. 01 71.990J 0.010&. (05) 

CONFIDENTIAL

A-10y 

I". 

OAS 

Wria"It. 

r 

Sl

From 1.,..tliont (25) *It hanwit within tig diwsteaeh~t~t 

sali-e46 

,-.Pk..Z6 0.213i2. (401) the nornoaapendi-nee ltwitiss rwsate tht-ton-irul alanesa 

noothowae given in S'porwo Zaatee witl Is Iaaba.xwrinteeaista 

Mrea waausinlr sal 4tlw coimptaitatioin ims *ooiierisma, el n findinge. Paesh aso arr ifuagetvralm in Figuires. anti .7a4 

TasW41.11sospsisoipa pnaCeur h nai~i 

" -mil. 7. nuns' (mmon (3 its 76 - I 101T. In She afteehpts4.TheWwa 

maanolthaprimesousenti -~mw 

ism grmod las"t far frown peerfeaw. lxwcttear file dia'wsntival 

Write interval I1w Iarimoiletl jearnitmului'X 'X.. nian s'aiarvearour Ismmql son Nixi-I vali -of the, paarametersa Po. 

(notes X& N. - 2.1 Of) too X.. X. - 5.1.2011. 711w anitx 

Diary jmvarwavetr Q is, (mtseeml (cone eegaiotiosen (40), 

r. anldy. and an twersies~plie : wmr;nlg law. Fiorther 

inumericaul tmipaariaauers .4 II;A. Iivis'iaen I thmeoy with 

Q 1- .14 Z)(140 1UM 

11w rwssltsA. leer thw pneAirn.. vriwity. toalioaw ttrne, INTERIOR IIALLMSICS or 

awl fractions looirnwal. air jahiini aiwint the timne to 

the niasaue in Fliprn .i. 11w linmavuaY antia vesrlea' air u 

Op edustaI gins-1 trAv-' in Figure (. 

IITPtftHIJJ)CITY GUNS 

rums Crejoputleeiin. Ther aleaikal iAuleulatiatis, iot- 11rieepeatisaats anti talsimepreLaitl~ y lewarntod anti 

prt~esle. usAingthW osiw valitaul Hand the "tamv parm. dipicussewd~a in thin chaapter are quite gnriatl. .Aeewrning 

tateir amos'amuptisewoknewp that theactawi mie evn-per. tit them, anti too assnam ~ cseons'iderutionea sea well, 

faratni mrin with W In MML its. is& r'taeidered. Ina*-, fear a pain of given curilser the nuzuxle veloscity. reay be 

much a", the eajauntiolnit fAir thini eaeae have wiat liaet" int-es'rseed in i aasmlstv tmlwayss. We may inerraaae, thac 

prosewnteul in thiss chapter. we will gfive tme aletnies 71w 

penteelrure, i6Armilear tea tent ~Ahawn in Tabele 4, exrept 

Ienrgft~i X..; increnac the rhage C; decrseita the maxea 

iel the projetctile .31; tor inevesseme the inpettus of the 

that tli W~. ppaiiel ends, with the %.plinteng tof the potAswf F. 

gmaI at 2, - OA .%.' V - 83M4. a" 6 fimaoIa& utbi~essmithestoe . 

fed wissirsleribs zfasbt ions 

loard isv a .eewenal hammring periaeal. 11w- mttosltia sea, that the Divistiasn I myeatem has' made to the theory of 

preosaairr-truvell antl veleecity-travel reareos' art 4valiew aderrinof hyperveltsttypauns'.Threeqluesationa are con. 

in rigure 0. Aelaereal. Fireet. 6s them' ansy thaoretiall limsit, to the 

in. hate. in.$ It -ow ' 

* 

.1 

.2 

.4 

.6 

A 

SA 

IASI7 

IA .08 

2.073 

1.1364 

1.4617 

.71R2 

2.2142 

2.00 

2.100, 

OjM~ 

0.1044 

0.2IU 

0.41M 

0"01e 

tIM?% 

1j"03 

m.*r23 

043 

1.62 

3.78 

am 

13.14 

22AS1 

32A3 

34.36 

i .01 

10.06 

M7IN5 

29.74 

3%.03 

37.47 

11.06 

321.71 

0 

1"5 

328 

OR3 

W. 

1317 

t646 

1711 

038 

2.3 

3121 

4.19 

4MS 

3.33 

325 

6do 

us 

o40 

2361 

2482 

2403 

324 

2243 

222) 

0.0toW 

0.106a 

0.2m0 

0.33 

0.3133 

0.76)3 

UN1422 

1.000 

eauw-TJRIAP TAt1411e F.. (3)) tFq (31) friq (32) F14 t33, Fit (24) Ft.. (33) 

N Se laeya ha-Ahets..teeam 

F~q. (41) Iq. 43.11 VA. 42, Fit.t443) 

2.1404 

2M-i7 

3.0$17 

3.1117 

4.0417 

4.3.417 

12116 

3413 

47.11 

"2.3' 

77.0)7 

9s2A1s 

i04.23 

12112104 

3a1.71 

27.1iO 

20)1 

16.23 

1321 

11.17 

!PM3 

1711 

iPt3 

2224 

2283 

2508 

2103 

2WO 

60,0 

6.1614 

7.226 

71772 

OL1 

Psaie 

9'1 

2228 

2064 

51)1M 

5R43 

271)2 

Itla~ 

024 

*fl. ..tW a .. - 4 In tk 14, eIs ow.o..ss ma onf-4. 0.3171 Ine, w- hy I,,nsu Inpeaasat. 

CUN IIDENTIAL 

A11, I

Sol a r. 

INTWIIIN fo akLUTIC4 IfPKKKlj~m U1N 

IOI THP AIO 14 

velsatv that nar In- attain"I in a mun. InxiiiS masice nmirg m,KN~ to( the Ipicirtatle. .1*I)'22g. Ami may he 

all th'a'ggut is( prartieuli!Y? 9ovowl. in a onin to( givn ssimn frvion Figusre 2. UN C .11 alpipairlm infinity, I 

tiotel volimm firing a pnpjervik- it( givrn wright. what upp~nromlivi a finite iimithin ialoae. (3-v - 1) '(7 - 

are the themireticully noptimutm rmynlaituou tip Im:.lai 1). 

the Maximum virloeigt! lFinally. whilt iw"ttivul rim-n The ri1tinticin for the muzzsle vel.'ity (70) may ba 

P*Lenatitornp mwwern the mo of to nilifiratificon the lm rewrifttrn 40. ri~uuivro (618), whome 0 ann Nan tie tkinc 

theon-tiral ioptitnum in mun slewgn? by rq1uatimms60 -t~ivi)l (70). rowelvively. 

vcS 

0-: ~.Y.4I_-_e(0 - r8) 

The- exi,.t-nme of an upper lintit too nitizle i-AcERity10. 

j6srmitinql Iwumttas the clizrgr4i~us-tassr:,tiao(C/.1) 

inewrayst'w. the kinefir s-rirXv 4f the psawu4lo-r Xmx. 

0-7 

I (X I. 

CP, 21#. hw urwm hag y emlcstupnii.m with the ki. -S 

CONFIOl:NTIAL 

d~p dS

0 ~~~flV.TIM10131 

S UJWVW Vtt, Yq! 

in I 

*6. 

As At ap,Pena'he zerlo, the muzee %tiocity appt 

m*~chm the limit given by equation (71). 

Uo~ming the Pcarregronding to FNII-M%2 powder 

In eqvintion (-2) lend,.i to value of 30.40)0 fps for 

2(! - O)ff$ 

V. --- 7-, ) -( - -~) M1 

the limiiin% motsile velocity. Friction and heat lttoes 

iacreu-te with inerea.'ing velocity to such an extent 

usig 60 alu Unitng fo 8,P~n -- lusderng heth~at the actual limtiting muzzle velocity for oven the 

mostfovoriblecisoof an infinitely long pgii (r. " 0) yxhciiIprjtleozrom rbaywud 

withno eatIoMthelimfin ricionor muzisvc-not ecer'd 20,000) fpss. For an actual guin firing a 

woith n fricion oreheat pqtosthiotn~ (7z1). " prokectile of uaaefw weight, of course, the pomaible vi. 

lociy Y~zazpeaae 

by quaton (nsity ho much 6Le~sl (Sc. Section 33.2.2.) 

Equistioa1 (7), shows tho rel~ation between the 

limiting velocity for a projectile ard V.. tho velocity 

911 Thle Oýpthnum CL-.t"iinna 

0insioli'ring ecluntion (i13) fronm a more practical 

0 

of sound in the psi at the a'JitIati lamatnie angle. it wilt he oti..rved that the muzzle velocity 

ture,'which would be tho velocity of ei~uxc of a jus 'cIrendls on P, X../X., P,, -.0.1?, and the powder comthrough 

an oriuice into At vacuumn. 

r 

1% I23- 2.z - .I 

L7{7 -that 

~ 

lin-.tion. Ilse imair pwtoblen in Cuns cl.gis ii the 

aleterniinathian uf the lxst va~aies of thee quiantities 

that %till yield a de-4red 111W~.Lxe velocity. It is clear 

for any valises of the other quantitimn can be 

CONFIDENTIAL

tTVrNit 111.1441Wtr 4W k*PtCUKNVWIA~ 4t;,lgS ~ 

riviow flit give inny I4 4 qU-tif o toi oti tlN .I~N it-fitin F l t~~uI ie 44-noit '4 I'w.Ioinotht tiul ris~thw highhigh 

limit. Ta.l.i.r', have lwq-n Ion-iaemi. Itime.l *.n r.-1 nniele -iv , loor a rienlx#%Aswb. at x Pitr. 

ttw -imrpiW i tiv.tir t.it4s.. Jh..a'nlw. Sit qliiti 

&.U. theA Ahwatuotl vaIkwite pw. 11 %inot uaxgivir v.eua..4riw.I 

v io i #4he- ,1w Sua~hiuiwam Pffotw. osva 

iI1A. And to&!1 'AtWi ~'tW4ALW. It ian flf(im1l leY di&Thu"iftw 

lip lt AA (Pooflf ofp as rnriaw vskoft .4 P, tiutmtinir~ia "lo" bm 00 with 1-4w t SaIe. .3 

X. . -8."..Iroor. .~ A. liwal ghnk-inrw tino a telirazl 

e100e11111-4ttww pueIA~h'r .4 "MAt~Jiit twerning ,.usrfw. .tN 

inig its wr. Anemw 1'. r-. awl a are alU 1awinis ifii~ .1.~ 

1iW. vwIltinK rtineatisfl io 2 noloiheatFil funmtiiuf .4s( 

jiheottrative Imortison to(i 1hw taltiea. uer *. - 4.4111 re,1p. P,N. X- and oi. (a +e4. 

is, "I'"alewoml n ~.e, Wil S. The varistitiw d4 P %ith 1. IV' .s4rigov 5sinxrt-afl4I'.y(.) 

-.11 (-V + C.4)J; it smay 

a luo Wen .wvsputoor MW 

bit prr.entr'il in TalwU' 6. Filverro 7a:isl Xi itheltvmi.lmiv'd ItilolaW uwh- eahse' 1mtal pinmpliwl hllwsimel MaWNWes 

$111 Pit 01I the VVINOMil .lfot 10 l..Wlin desoity 3MI 

410 the v~slotms' ieti Airi vanee i'te'it ~ uw 

tiaau. I I a Pm'iWl~g loillilar lumwa. 4111Pilsola w 

6 6%.1v w 4 s. . 

1'1 nmnW' s'Mriewt puin at.a give'n vd~'ty muf-s rail. 

4jolooifte 

11es foglsuiefints viIlism ratin (Xr. "i 

11w iiowe o oti's'piissn. (-W& awl CV.. .r.).iuth'&w 

Err baa the WEiV9h', vninieop~ (gn'nle't kime4ireiws.ya is lil-Mi~s~ l esiKe'oty aarsdc"I h'tigt 0 

a(t peeuieftils. h-,tn4 In, Wth .f %una). Cinvewrnsly. as a lthat giirts' the- m'zaxmenm inuzzle ,u40ri Y faew SWy 

x'.s'4 P it 1al'fhidvteini"~sitissr~riv 

The stiimun i lenmity isli heashng. (.U),). iii ihs'vs6nr, 

ast vatincu'ee the maimnumnt' ormf.pDiitgftiIC mlap". 

tiotal gun ~wIeaa.is nd' ~.I 'iolditsim 1wr 

-t 14. F% 11.11 

x.to p, - P 

.4312 AM~ AM .hT A"1M 

I 2141 .410 Am0 .4 i.tAm 

.7436 P.7 .7 Amm 1= 

4 ADS0 .7041 ADO 7 AmU AM 

A M SA40-M .718.173 AM im 

*.1?.4746 A7 " mA 

@.b h@1( 0*1.8 00 111 16,1.o .. V 

1'. Ofpal 

Im4514 

2.43 

2,0 

2AM7 

RA 

SAM 

311M? 

1111m 

3.2106 

Ia 1.f~ 4". 

SJVWe 

sn.071 

u1 

6.1206 

3*4 

240113 

0.3u 

3-4143 

;-2 

&M1.1 

3.343 

4.043 

4U 

smC 

174 

0.734 

O..7141 

0.4244 

0.119 

I 2113 

aM 

0,6431 

04763 

0.2371 

imW 

0eaa 344 

CAM0.714 

OAMI 

GOsAA 

12*11 

n 

a11 

,K 

1.4113 

I "M 313g 

&W:73 

0.154.3 

0.4121 

1.4211 

@ 

0.tCSS 

CUNVIDENTI %L 

f~

Wo" wsea of" t co 

T.Ow dw70e vw ý-0v Is"A~msn 0t~~n r(wrt -3 fT P O f 1 1r WO -- I&Al 

at amat ffli . & X.N.. ahopppewoldP-100S 

3ýwjr,.."nijjw. 

aFon-.inu fwX .~ amlI.03~ wihi 5a.'haozmgqmte wo11Vmu '.%imewis a.Calcltin 

P,1. bwn the I.'witm .h'.lolic. They laoo l mnumillead fu rther 

Famk. (I CVNIA I VlI*"I am low a xthe eapt4imum dinien -4omo. ulayt t lamaud 

21.0111 .466 4X .413 4.38 

2k0.0 

40*0 

Ait 

.00111 

2, 

Us 

.10 4.111 

am 3 

SA 

WAN0 

.7"1 

Jos 

&"h 

220 .716 

3*S 

340 l Ira4Itical Conodderationa in the 

Dees p.n of1%UwIpn l.h iy Guns 

simulandt wsou. 44mution, .4 the Insixigmising ' ' rvoDxmar0IAt 

kw~ (A.11 SAna (XV. X.h9. 11W fokulmlm'.icmmmIentmm ditity 

6e imAlepenart o4 the nottsa tl.' itk~y. lou~t (X. X.), Then are ranamuw awkirunoumleta that limit and 

6o weakly depnidr'ntet 17_, Sinom kwu hdoimme niali the attainment in artual pmarice of the opti. 

npimnsu are hateil in Tgblc 7; tlop value. uf X. Ve mumu .'omnitionwa. It ii dear fuomi the falt.. of the 

are the limiting vahao', af 1'. - 41. Time V-aluerof the p.ieemling ..et'ttn that pawn with higher maximumS 

mmeo ruimilwe Imarmma'ter p' that corrmpmaod to the.. 

alosslme-oplimum~ rutoditimmemm. in the by.perrrkoeity 

pn-mamn'a. vt hich hlen it higher inuaule energievs, ane 

mebot rffirientir lomxwretcd at high loading alcnamtiva. 

mnaw 3,00 tom 6320O fpm. am liotal in Tablet Th huntoc~ing ilonomity emnnmt. la'iuver.r he- ineisamd 

It ma.ot IKx emnph~a.uad that the calmalatmmons lend- inda-fnitely; it a' limited by the dendity of mWli pow. 

ins to the,.' theoretically optimuam rmmnelitimmn are 

booed up.. the '.implifirt Imal[icta avomompt mama u( 

der'lamd by the grommctlry of the pumin anl the chamk- 

lx'.. to, -alwam near 1.0 C Ierm. 

Seetion 34. 11try wryr thewrfomr only so an orients- At stork high .iensitieps it ia inmotwre, imposuibi. 

tion to the appro~ximatr'wlimmw4maintmo hasoe in..ookl. lt o, .mtute a gunm with any utkww of' ".fety, becaltin 

301.142 120 *5M I 5.47? 1.736 

3.100 

4.000 

0.70 

flOA 

ag 

01 0 

115 

Un .01111 

0GAO 

lif 

law 

0.749 

121 

0*4 

0a6 

03 

P.1 

Gift * 

OA 004 

0.44 

0.4-81 

0.34 

035a 

0.414 

0."15 

0.496 

CONFIDE'NTIA~L

*%TW.MAIA4 SQ.LLOTI"~ 41V i&%V~x KUbC~fl1 GUNS 

IM 

TSAWIL in4:11 

w~., the from W4 inuneI the lhaigmwry i6 ,nuol. the inetal and thle tactical cetrjid~eratiunes that do not per. 

fora~ saW velurity hefroin %Try uenestuiv fil 1-unsa nlit any .eaprltKAvnwn hulk in wvrlpwsa. is in pSeval 

rariatiumm in the wvb. burning orate. lotrvrchnn wright esi~ral 4*. PAptaanl instittzint in attainting a highrahaueS 

a(I the pomadev. Thus the elsamape in ohmme protwairyie od p 6i an inrrpao~c in the effertive pi. imre which is 

that am inimitable inth Pflor pnr 4N ng 4 Irmelek-r atol definrol as the pw..wmm ton the battl of the projetl 

its storage under f .iiiild onohtme. ,nas wles too tim-nfe 

ragtiveiron in the prevlae. Furihermrw.re at hilgh koeul- 

avemgrwh o~ve the travtel: 

isig dertties pr-aure waye" andl tither emaior n"1uts. 

soully attributable to ijgtitiun difficr-ltk l.a are Ire. 

aepsetlyernettd 

* 

Pool 

Sif.' ft13.2'(4 

goI -XSX./j ( 

hlence the upper peracioral limtit. ut~nl prwwrat-lay 1the rutin P..,'Pv 6 a cron-remet ninasule Of the 

ppawelerwandieniteaw.ran ran-s .vrr-v1 OS g 'en, (ex- efmenr 4ot o a mus. At a given den-ity of lodifing the 

"Ei few Pined annwis. 1ue6 lisnit touav lie ineryarsed inaznite., Poor To, 1Tetars at the Pit. that rorreapoloda 

sanow hot finten muip~rlmtvit 

rb at to the iotwinitora tienisity uf hunting. hlither pvvý,Wirea 

are prnwuslet! by the tIfoof a(~' liong iorin . can hre reachied tonly if the peresurr-fravel curve baa a 

peak near t he twigra of travel. anal hence a compers. 

UNTIG ~w-2t 

ljum,~o i~eat~g 

No eantmittiomif alsoi, P, in ant-.a-p in 1la.* iaao~iaaman 

ively l6w 11. 4 41,. It is dolaawfetr ineffirient to use a 

axinrlsaaaio~rmamss much alosive that Air which the 

laessehsaag eiou,.etor 6~ .tolimuren. !"ince at preeent this is 

puewusue. rouitad1 lby the mea. Pitrenirh 4e 11w gitin. linitrala.. je.4 rnnt ieenrel fte all-it 185 9'r.-,'. it is uo. 

a"ir in turn i6 litiaiteel 11Y thme. 1-l~mlwatwa ls the' IN ain wially motehe-ervuleltr fssion erut- imaimaampre-woremit"ew 

cl)NIIUEnT %L

4 

Figirm ~ ~ ~ ~ owl poU i atrWn lina 

alw 1-0 -. ItIh hsm i ta alt J MJ.V.ad7 t1' ,0 p niP 

M ______ 16fgmhwelumsoFp123inf Iuodr 

U tlA0. 

7 tatliit nd8 reno Ilitonw rrrc~ hyoil aAW ps te ijliulinlw in iiepiy orM 

adaevi- l teghi(gnselwievf utnv6074 or-iidn op -06 n 

drmilei brn h egtd tewtlop .X .3 tta esta ni oY/ 

mih i emtagra m nio ilepisn-a .iV ovr0lnyt .16.Iu ,teNm 

H iakosinlcilsi l~g.tn rinxiidI fa ~rt niiimimpesr aidb b 

an inteb mtetSst d1mig ie ihadr-m ncnilrvlieadpw 

travel W. Nbwve~aeleis hrwr:. In esthe flatw muxmst inm kngih wal t..tmlgun a .. ilfO mI 40(g;PI. 

F 12 pu ssfr. an invrr h tr iha. apgXn. Il FIgun. Or tWO -3 111 t fi lemt iA. 144N lM K11341%fl' t Kl I 

al moe 0000 lie 14 1111 . t vaurilm th.4 deln-rm tha i - t- Ta t r le Takn5 tit .and 7 than l tike 41p - .00011 i uwp. rand 

7 ad p arlmel insut iq I&ried heyumd tha limit.e Than ew- imittriv th-aps tim e gulup ns t he mloadin fileity for Ml. 

INa-?m,. inth e ntrength %A l u1t g1e..[l,n il Ilnteeln ileall-y flrra ttlw in 0.764 r-in thr e tumdineg to a e th pro6 ad- 

dimitntiijnj chalti.ti an Ilo,4g. efna tle,., anilmpanwtl 4w muzz-lek 1eitity 11-4 tiicJ. 'Ina4Wr Preigh'1ize feiit ll e o- 

lhe pralledee fun- rge ii( 27 per cent, at thv%4,-Ie e ipe iz of an in 

A- misrr" atypml m-tville.wenktl (m im e tia lb4 aunid %4atie 4in dlcn~n l itr ai~n.n 

lim utiama iiIiteraio(X.X., a OzNlrIDi EmNuTIr %L~tgno , ,i-ial ihtt:r~e h

%AI 

INFIO gm~u-not or 11% tVRVU VACITY G11:114 

-~ 

.C4ov OF aem it CM.IMos 

1LA 

As 4Sx" 

I ubiw am o tr 

It takp" f"AM.Vvf~rolF to .m DICI 

aj( NII . T66-1 P-4-VjA 26W .- 4. 

cWo.'K or l'OWDU, 

(,VLrLtO.1 OF or OWDIM 

The CUMIWm'itg$ lu~twcy VNII-NII andl NIA1-2 XII Ihe tsi~hc"tt .ligmtiess iu n thisooretion has bemi 

jar~si tie taiclee in this ae4ac' ollow, that tile IvAA4l on 11W ,4eeepfrv, puwdc graneilatiolt. that Of 

41.bueraml-ae pultiler. with an in %WUc. (F -RT.) retnt anigerfcThnaimflbaltilttc 

pm~ratoIy alanet 25 per rent. sivftc an int'wi in effirieenry weitul be obctained frome a very prvgreeaaixO 

pause iew uwtgyocke~ Opliilli~tuf rlinditiotlO at the Itimileca;lvat 6owwtwearaewiiiceswt 

mew manlaxtum pit.,rAomis and intuit vewtiuty. is otabrning in oqw t u a way that the amiount burned would 

gljuut to jwr rent. llerausiw an nicrmajc in inimuotw inemmftn- pipritately with the available vollinw, 

01ealy aiWay0rcHIM1 Pmiwt" iime wlarw in Sma le~iienlt- n-mitling in at uniecifec limwomef until the pnwder was 

tup hc ntr e6w lhInie ~io.i ipt mistinlote litirniml. with a curwcigYhight 

ranol Ole,.inal~l fte ncake tow lo the Olight. pain in hel- I'. 11'sP, 

11wi erffrim.ey pril"acIi' by ele''ee-e wl 'eeweel., It A tiliunic rharge. f.1104"'iuln to( a smalil amoutnt n( a 

.irnsel. however, lee clearly aelaeetaganeinoit ite ilevtrleep very fine lttnemihastien. vi1141 rapid nltiy :cnc t-tnlelivah 

lpoewluc witlh a hig1h %atet tlow Te 

tile cI,%tllatl higth J).Am a -it Ow rvctecindr7 (To 

- .4"gtclierfeemire l teiilwo ic overy om 1 ~n.-ide ;ell chiamet"t. 

* .4..u. ai Alon,, Pr..ivoqt CP-eoot.4at. l.c ieac4 fimnoercnctei too Iceotieclt , vcio tlwiecticte'. occent appmach tll 

ej.st,...,t Wr .Ov 0-. amtCse'I 'a.. 11w tie '4 1ekre t11i,. Wicildg~ttltel it,~cief~t poiwder's 

"I.t. W", qIN-. 1*q41.ce fl- iP4 II.. 11W~f Ict-Me . h-o Mc 01ce,1111411 tm eam ut-i' ely v-ery A.igthtly prigresevt; it. 

.0 Ow mw.sfmois 1ýi .r alow i"Ogh .4 floor Vwm.-' 

haos lu-i% ,4cewn %ltl they aim pietnrtoollY ccpuivalent 

LtJNFHONTIAL

4000 I' S am fps W" 

9 

1---. - 0 as 44 no 

UMUo U I AaO 

I~mr.grnoPP 

jaMO dmntlwiei 2 io a5m mxev~si t i sai n \IIMIt 

apprrW pn .M. o Fiim 2-1 is 

NI-%2Ioi-.(1idwh 

gjeisiv. and hemwr. liiiigcs14 Iasl vurm nuszziri ivt ran. ipshe nsims.I. flints of Vth.lto .rnkr the totuirnt . un.h 

hopwever he lixtdrt£-l ti. XigntC itrptnlail at. ihrL.-3+0033. ece(i he.)ec sw a 

gzmmtio loedin theaslnothler ofnk- in d thug luasfc pltr gis .X r.,a aiu uzevle 

idlky advraintges.urac qiiinmurng gran-ii itftct permit" 

f odig 

slthem esMIert o rnultirt~ tin joini~ ginf.io rr. ik'- Suchssssrisn Tam n 

ascrefoy7g=43 fps Pthe =hme to,0 

Itwem mcu.late Iud.s Ans typtitcal examle-tns I h differt'e t pi.. th I. + ce dX3r. enstce nn Itndx hetbe of and NIavM 

iniprevsirfmrveland eti'erisr~siting 

frost, chnnge-, in gtuin ohatiw is shows, in SFiirn 4. 

powder. Lis s'c'vdudswc ai Figure 10. The optiwtsws 

denspilyof onainog~ithat rorespnndingtittherhnrtespt 

gun at eaich v'alue of ./X.V. Tho opt irnmum densities. 

"wh DesAign of a fir v.arious sasxinium presqsrt-s. nurr sown in Figure 

Ilypervelovity 90.-min Gun, 11. 1w Avisrtres$ut 1isfsrmeltbssusxinasum pr-ir-rnod 

the esrorrsixnding dleisity of Iloading are the dosisle. 

Tso illustrate the type.. of cals-ssim16 teorLd s rilxq'l its, optimumss, esnivigiisss. The i-eloteity andi gion length 

&.-"iisn 3.5..3. a nosnihier sjf siries bit lsuiveI- dlrawn'"s sssrssoigliiig to Ilthes amst ploitts~l. for two powderS 

(fsir the W~-enrn gun sekssnuislm in Sve-tissss 1.t.-I (A1 ti-lwi...nuit ?4'v4al mauxjimums pirs'smsn'. in Figusre 12. 

10t in.)., firinag a prok-etile o~f 211k Ih. Wt Ihes have It 15,111.1 IN-' in ~ism-wi'i-l tha~t in lsrnrtierfours Ws11sil Ilise 

CON Fl DINTI %L

a .wn'~b~t ~a ,t~iiiui. fl.e ial~i I~u.tvg, lizi I theat iii liziet feer it a iIl neekirv Air lompr rit*fiing. 

awl lottiger join th.anam-n 1tivei. Iey Fi.pirn 12; lmdi leuelli,.ir ,ý-eNltit. % a 3 ipe lo"O11P141~t '~it, (1IMPtPf A. If. 

the' fliflW p1ve' a prkil ietei eel' tiw' iffinrt to( vhu~nK- Imputivet, n mmie~ll-e1.ilmir iWImpi~t-rtie .1nw' fin't fvmm 

in% w n tiluleen pn%.irn. elSA14et'vt~l~ev'tmee a LoerWp'.eIilmxo gig. A.euee xterivier Itzl~intirwma 1w'fi 

d iss vew~. iR4ima a t~mm imn x" 1The nifrm- ee&,nmaei ttwep4ir with a lismsoomoll V sliv e LA .. t ho e. 

teem .4 thrW miria tol:tense tip a 011414dir 1.po ~ ictiový lor talefras ilmi"I.nt if~ 0MR IV. wthaveil too enwusoptartcvuf w 

in A"I ion 315A it's nomneal valw', Ivy firingn a prnjtit..~ 14 biail the 

inteior a~t'iic& gruhllar 

Caus irior Su alibe co, Pofetle 

GUOruig Sbraihe Prjes-tieviIf 

to( the. sun. thee vi4udtv instwm. will lii. of the 

Csotlir e4 20311 (pit. 

the tkhrmpei~l eallilver~o the prikiertida weZjaAinme 

The prwromlift dmo,IieeAmeeLea the' loinetili wn-miltoe ofl Irv romnovi, 4 a pantat (Claapter U1. there 6 swine decwltimor 

arr klHnlrt' in ov~irw 12. ilftw-tritee litew off. rwa.in Imfri~tir PA rfrnov. in that a pw.4fth. 

friult it 6~. ieve withi all iniuimiriiimi;4't in 1mot-lwe-imlrei eiwrg ee the' ixbewder its eeeel in lotoeiling kinetic 

andi praertiv'al girn 4"geip. teo inc-reavor ties vA~wtY el' mewrgy tip tluemenlimt fluit iae.uaeetldeaddA 

resoinntmiminal guz, firing tmive'ntieeal irneje'etib'.es ante' alterrintof norienn 4el obltainaing a ,.nltrulilser prujortile 

the IrflM' eel SAW~t fpo. sinleveee very leeng vienteenes with vpmed laeallim.ir arim ivs teo fires a elefeonaable pro. 

amt aetaL iemlile' (ntem a teaalrwel-lverr pin. mot im tleewribd in 

Ini unit? to attain v~ifeeitie 1h6e lhigh voillmeet. (luipter .10. Thse usiealmooee aned tub"'a 4,( the earlier 

lengthaening thegun to 100eralilit-ro, *wnwiew.emvmwa moodiwwweaa thiramooc ma4eruy hr appliM1 to the gus 

flue utleer mveanai ed die'rs-nmoing r.Tea nay at Imjetejile firneg tlwevr iuni-invent i'inar tIielT 

CON FIDVNTIAL

INSTRUMENTATION FOR EX(PERIMENTAL BALLISTIC FI RINGS 

Bu JL IL BuM-Agm 

43 TilE ROLE Or KXPl:RiINT.AL 

BALLISTICS 

31.7). firingcp p-4 e mngnsi pnjectilesof a Jitinle e'. 

lsty, or apqimizimately 3.5f31 fp~s. limene firings mpepo 

orrttil the first i,"vreele ,systematic studly of time in- 

S out Or THE PRnOaLK311 in interisir Imlaamflimie, ht teri.,r biallistics of a snwIivimt-elibjIr gun with pree.-Pa 

fi"therdrwv. wr ftak.isnA sstyp ilsh~re IW. Waxim'i, Prilueeimiki Thi, vvaul amw "Nummianau is 

outline.) in (hisfper 3. Their oatiatifim milimie tstiaw tterticims 5.2.2. 1U. awl 7.4. 

ermrt kimitsmhlp' olthit In luritr of guns, and itirn~e- An important fruftimref the later stage of Division 

tiles .rirnngfiring tian haos tin-t availabtle in the poast. 

enspeiaflv utiner t~militiumns .4 hypervelitrity. lDivi. 

I*P programs was timecdevehlimunt of a hypervelocity 

13)-mmgKun. firing pew-engraved prvjectiles at a mae- 

Pisa I. \ IMl' sworkinmgthnitigh tihe Natiuomal bareat ti' velisrity of 40103 flit, as oirtlineil in Sectitn 31.5. 

c%4 Sltwanden owl tix- (4niplivaitenl Lataoraiory it the It wA-*stpanned lihit eventuallY one of these gun. 

Carnegaie Imstitutisa of Wo~ais ntU. 06M peloo woulil I' usedl mna wrrim of iaulliptir firings. As a pifo. 

tUUm onin is that kasswh'.lg toysettingl up a h stalie~ am: io toew that mnvestigatieim. awl, espreially is mild" 

mange anl making phyi-ieai nwavun'nnts withI lalxw- that ther w -ie l Itr siavailalge a firm laisis ofcomtpariatory 

poriaiein duialttg th.* Sting .4 guns. go. pians wee' madle (or mitniecting a ,-.iies of limip 

7U v vweat chapter ilcals primarily with the in- with a tt-uimin gun. MlAL. The guin was proeured 

.4ntnmimtatmdelMiwiif~lfthkisisatrIsse. lIt monprimns thritingi the esamperittittsid. the Army Ordnance Dr. 

appueal ietit iptsio (if the Owing range., aaismsakwal poisissft andl itst tuti was modifie to ursaat 

thetufllistic events mreculecldoiminag the firingitf agiun. measema1igiMstm Nejuesjt as the-in0. guns had Iem. 

anl a esmeleiseil uleweristiot it I4 tie apluiratus itse to UWhe iXvivion I's spinboorthip of this work had to be 

mcimi them.n' A skeish is aWas given it(a sepairate de- wsit drwns near the clone to( 1045. the iureau of Onf. 

vvekiensent at the (eomisivoicai Liltisrutowyi of tech- naner of the \avy iN~epnrintnt Pispported its canahitue 

andl im-nstlntsni fur measnritiig ballistic (istantities 

directly bsy means of apparatus altto -ed fto the 

tinuanner bty the Naticimal Bureau of Standlards. 

perstcertila' while it is, moving in the litur eaf a gun. 

.'lthesstgh certain instrumtents have isyig ouse for TIMK CARDEROCK RANGr 

many yeara at pro~ving grundsmt fato arnise rsmitine tisltissue 

niensrrirentcnts ninny others had tit Ixw cevelopril 

esopecially fAs tha'c firings. T7is lelvi'loimunt was 

iu. 

AND THlE. GLJV 

Range and Laboratory. 

eurneuti out duoring the first twop iaeries of firings of a Time isillistic range, inmu'liing the sas'iatrid labor,- 

3-ia. naval gun. Even thunugim this is not a hypervelti. testy, was roffnsrfreil for Divisison I on the groundsit 

Miy gun, a third ee'ricAd firings wasousuide with it not .4( the Nav'y Di~esartmeat'a lDavid WV. Taylor Model 

oaiy for the make itf rhecking the gwrfortnatter d4 the Rasin. ot ("anlerrok. Marylan. a few miles from the 

instruvments Isat also for tihe pake of( olitaining lad.- l)istrirt itd ('lunibtia. Ti1e range is 500 ft ling and 6i 

Bastic flata that ctssuie Its' ite in 4'lw'idaiing sulwteý asprets 

~uid tsdipt i theory. , preincipal n-sultmarr, n-',r 

ta~riagmtul. ('.swrete tiier for the support of i'ekme- 

ity imslenviinl tire loametedl at W41)t intervals along the 

sontril multakragtrprit)iIa'utje *1t" ts-a':intiiinfSections ,mnpP. A art u.41,urtsrextene along the range from the 

2.A.3. .5.2.2. 61.3, and 7.4. talawratitry with a unho. spsiee pier anti .mer 

'lisfirst hlmvtr.rljwcitv glum t~twhich lm tisin-tn~imun- uniar tlme guon. flmrtmigh th.'ed..lets wirrserctend to (he 

tatisma was alppcle won tlme -374-mm. Tr 17 (Swvtiot l~masrto,,e'v tims cacti poier amis froseu the gun. At the 

_________________ 

* ytiowasl 11mm-am d~ St(ass.6anihm" .ead (.W.a...'. 

inry, Vavt i ~Ws s.1imi~siasm of W.,nM 

jLsi. 

,lstMmt end thme milg' their' i's a -Nasal-tilled lisitt 

with isuivy c ~ncrt.' ata~l' awl a resaaasv.lmle comncretS 

tItumek tosw a cumin. 

Comnsh p. se.-rjin art lt.v in a.. ým d ll*r, T lim lalamwntqsry is a asmi-"Itary frinme .fnirture Its- 

6,IM, 130. 13L rateil alasuit W0 ft lsahind il t- gun. It lion twi nimm, ot 

7s6 UtJNritl)ENTIAL

S -- i. . *. . 

. 

ffS

th, m~tT Iea IsIsilolonteo hador:1101 n 11112e ,IiigoIooe sm ioelrtned1111 imawe 

haNaaantal 46111110f. cut lac loaunalual 0swmaug, lacawo-vr. held it* "Intart Dmew 

tightly Aluanasal, $fast She is veainam .4nk fltse Iaemn 

4W '~1111P 37.messo C.. whm themkp in a~d *0salsrof-frng-notHI thin fro 

teart ainul thugs naaasia* itA rmwaul. Ther jateruga time ad 

OnrolawctS' thm-rfirrhwInta T7-unons. Ti-t gine' clavris.a~a travel4 the f1 iring fin wasileat *1011 nasuie. w hich wSa 

M ~in Sart"c3l.7wooars"mIvAla Ivy ivisions I tisrisagch ~talosoe A miter.. lomgu'r than th Aso triu nase the igaitioall 

thF ranklin Inlneei't. l1iii. pan Noinl a l.6;24h I.en- itt f1w ;winwr #to der rawj~tiam ad the pn~jetik., whem 

e-amwcu paunjacalile atl a muolzzle, vioauciuy ad salsimat$ fisaWI a *~ims chamrge wa0 -OWL 

&&MX (130. It. s~rsuaa~l tooss aIsMA Uwt ea' aMEIP 

by hoimatg a 40-gum sti fee% asr~ 3-moot, andl chlnaastimerillI 

it tiara seanbragat SO-neina rartrioalg caor tgakautl elsarn 

U, Star a( Puar Pacioamor 

to saroeaaonansate it 37-aainn jmajaertilim. TIS atios of which the- Iowilre, premisma mutarted womit 

Ins amla'r to$ jtm~mc thi taiohor fero Iullis~ir flaigsn. a tiabtaincal 'noths a filn 1wy trtamminuasg them time at 

ruallair aolacit I; in. imitS wav, Aininktgin aN w Icearaul. neare whirlohetwtrnatarr 11w prisastawrinthecpnwd-elitihamthe- 

lance oat flor fetowalera Aesthaser. mniasumsnc haul..' were Ircr lApowrui tiw foInm P'ags ato crviting. Ilecatse o( the 

alnilaitl thisigh th" isallatar jint.. 1wis ismow r Ahatilueav 4sliAw aisc enaat im'su at the firmintnigi the time at 

to nmvpi~ Iswh'.wc amw gisg. Thar thick Iiilei whis-la it Plarueal riolol mat h lost t rmisafrid pramicaly. 

was; nplarrda with a nuls'i fritter creming aiaazzlrhe'naatiy in the time eat art eatpreoa'5Uf'imi the 0 

fiestwat sutwl.ctea aaiaarutllaaanw 3-11. joan flidi swat tuften eczramel 0.2 or 0.3I misc in a 

faor the miurauwavea' integferaaaneiter. 

Axtyzups.. oil patiertilro. twio typea ad 11firawle. aW 

fileda 

I 

gthew tit vjasatiw ad salamst 8 atessoem. 

Ator. typroo ut Piletism *VW edm is th1h1W 4&.r* m am tto 

71v. thew at which malleaaeteu the powder pa 

U EVENTS Rt*.C[)ItDED AND QC.ANTITIIS 

DF-TER MI INI Fb 

saticalt weas ouataineel (none its tamev on the film by* 

41airti'naiang the- dime at whiich .he truete started to 

jer .1winittial rip* in medistiao was wtatieo rapid s 

',fctbahd Of .%Iea~uvemm.a* that the time at which it stearted could let determined 

within 0. 1 mai. ThIs %tart od raedinlaan usawsalyj seccur- 

The impurtiant meumto which oerrir where a joan is ml Acixhtly Wetarr them start of Preroinua. 

ired ame rmwtld oan phibloagmzphic ilms g oas iscllo. 

graple tracem awtl in other wkyoIv row guagu ad the gi-s 

otrnanvamist alcariheul in Se'ctieaqa 1.4. Fr.., these in- 

Sta of. Recoil 

Imnd" the qtuantities inv-aalveaI in iantgrisser lan16iigi Cal. 7%e start ad multsl ad the Via. fres indicted by the 

rulsatiauso are ,Ictemrminaal. Seauew isd the eu-cnts, involsv- ettwaugag ad a ptentuart on the sarroxlmeter (Skection 

only time. sairl asoh timei the firing laite srikes the 4.4.77), which was ikacigaca to opt.ato alviri the pm 

primarror the timear the projecitile. pawni.. tiw. niatiulem ad hote mewemd Irmi than 0.001 in. Thet aperatmon et thie 

the pan. Other mrentt mitatirra1 theultmoinsticit ad a evittact patauhareil a step ani the film trusta the time of 

qa~tiaatity i sa funart ionaftime..ai-*h so Iicrtgemgrattaism which cunsall het at~etncioisor to 0.01 mmare. The start ad 

or the paomaw u( them puanvela- gawis. The meauspara rcoil. aasaaally oweacsaigd IW-ore the mcasaaoredasart ad 

meat cto achur eret Mittarra iaw pecial caniacaoan rema-ra ciw ad( temperature ad the powder pa. It is oft 

iana'toml to noite that time "i Inia a iniltiatedi in the 

4Lu wingPin tries te Nemov34n. 

4.81 firingPin Strike the Prime 

pitn by them foirwardl maatimon odethepuwalrcldasage 

s thre ii'paaajerutilem tarted tat martew 

7TMe firing tinedW the Ubsa. wan enrricil two spring 

cotrac-t iriri-. mcmtlknai.ll vt-o.1w freepoofadcamph Usei 

sqwtmg wao lioaateku lta inarva,.' its iawais. Thesw. acv-p 

Stan of pmaretj S 

tart ilevim-a' facia in aap..sitc- ;liruat~icnso. Whim, the, lie tiiaes oa the start ad( the pwovirartile was originalfirinag 

fain 4nartgvi tic naccac.. the inet~in id maw 4 ct gh IV arcamitc-u tan thecsaIlaamogaglt filmt ay an inertim costs- 

(X)NIF1DENI1AL 

SI

t~rfert-Anki11K 1IM-vit heiete. within flu- Iwertiroile- 

Tue.. dleiev fraensgeeit,'it ili, olartnleg Pidgeeal %loo-ti tder 

Aa, Muzzle ve~orhxty 

orifti lpea heed Milevrou #Duly a few tltivaeitiltli.' to( an1 .lw4NhSZmUl4. tvuliak. od I1w lie ussl vo-leaily bee the 

iaLIt n-tiniti a airr etevoto-IwuI lam-twere elmw Int "- .,. pin h..e.. IAVOi eyn, lltn tit 111-1 ltWflkWl~tt 

*jsv~I. steel the. vonimiahe. It hotel S.lee 1w olworhirl whe.x wirthew.min.el ol sawadap imr eA 1 exhorywohtione. ee 

.1thw uli. nw-uve- ivitelryeorit-re (44"-i"'4.l.. was tl.. rsatte -A.4tv4 haei artl lie floo mauzle.. the. vothwrr 

in.-t1illee. l100wrorvir. tive. aga1iperIirnnto, jiew. ei wolaeh liver e-inftr etaevl~sio idl fle. ve4stif in Shec open fee-want 

the. pe-ujwtik. Olare-il too osirve ole-e'ee IWIA11uirt"ana1 freteg too the reueule.r. lie. riitrnulalvelt&6 vrortitir in floor 14 

thr nevrnowavor it-fge n aethoool srt~ Irv odvaminog nme-thie 4-un l.-eer "ny-o ea-u-rtitelAy gwrfivmewou1. fail the 

"M theg lin," lsia e moe t o~~e Von valor sal.letsine4l fow tli timuia %it. IWOuNOha eU rII1 li. 

Mi" flitr tap .4.-e so( thr M~am4 iae. ene1 huw 

4" rov4 o Pnjecilein un 

Tew'e ~ ~ oniolnt ~ ~ 

it lu-m nv henivirl ris oNwIirrft. althene lenoe-ainty inT 

hi ovreeett.i so a. sereon ley Alpixm aite P "Isn". C4m- 

Fiat lthi 34. gain fortmvw. nid el e lertie mm lile saos e4ioilm lor~e1 rliee4 lnitnitieeai ion the as-w-eru-ry 4el the 

ee-vuIm Ith1m. ineialrnota-ni nereholeste In the. firea morthsesi. i'nmmenalsly 11w. kI"i a 4e-nih-. the. p.'.. 

nee-tho"al1 tIeinrant waso nom-erne-e ot wlit"l Orw nutS.t Jetie..anwIlwlnew th*- firAe apprmediuiaetavalwooemusing 

lawnl ianile- m~fr..fa- wides pm-h eel uarve'ne ineesatinfri.. ~or %ie-eiy gwns m loyrtmrapulatioieenof .451 ewerwie 

pilmp nnervel inrnlhealWuolueng Iher joinlear4. 7taio ilv will Ia tins l'rlt. 71W Muzzler ve~lteriy faor 41W. 

emshnif ip ponluea~ thee mama lpnvieso, 'tthe threm. lead 3-amwn. e wait eetdahilv by A& mweshea el o extrie. 

is, lasnil"Ie IM theN t rmi-m y Pmaull hunisvlet' 4e leeriete peelsttle. 

Thr~e. .e..elt niethoeml up". wi vn iean1 ,~eteromwin pulgi 

(&-lnest4.4.101lotneetlrimnitietheinso.*at no whirb th. 

purjmihiOrplters, Sginm trnet-ereovplaeuvwrmt.eIawq sonIt 

us Veoct of Projet 

~ 

nRn 

mis Awfit ',.4.1. Vagiviusesu is Shp Sesasion he wan pne. Fw osb ase t, lu wwbm4v 69 %be Opritlad pre.. 

ueawmpmilerwe htswm airth Me ein hi jsi si n~~amlI tn~e m-e~intowap 

iste~rpwsai~ettea ee meoultee. 71wt hiroi moelvoium lewatae lien the Sine-.. of wied 1wk mtjmhie peassoesl threnugh 

ther pretim-tilr hr the micniwmavw- inle-mfirrmeewe-Sa (Step. lee oeb wstrmIl oftuseeseeseml ia..Jliunai slonog the 

* 

elii 4.4.14). thise merthieem pevea a large, semmw set rattlr (9ree-the 4.4.11). It was Miteiateel that the 

pinto altinsi %he pun turnI lout ot the, iieaeelvientag a'crar vee-kwit lee-tweea any pair of wilemaioeulu 

u(l minivinug orialierste appamerfst. It oris thes costly woo oie-teyinie'e- with an ae-merwaa-o ofl at hueA I 

inotheel usorti in ulce-nniain~g thr naints, oil the piw (ppe. 

pa-wtile. in Shp. 27-mi. Wom. Thei aiiom-rn vulturaie, (torw thi 3-in, gun extemi froe. 

1.23 (pot with 50 pere-ve is( itti .esi. %e i rhar- to 2.73= 

4.U rje~il n u I'llef with 100 pr I emt deesee. Feor the 37-mm prujoee. 

film- theo vreriwitor rattle (mm 3,2O to 3.370 (lie for 

Sev rtiometloe,Ie hare- laqm- netm e-letw-dnvornally few 

mruvvnringg thin. queantity. The pri-fre-rem narthetel rumpruiroteestik 

worighing I1.92 tee 1.34 M6 

.tiste in pleetting the. curve. id penierti. positions so a 

feeno-tseee to( time.. as uetaine-rien floor thenktl yie-h.I4 

"M Dmemeoraeimw of P'rojectile on Rang. 

low ther mie-vuwave. inte-efeonwmne-r (v~sr4e 4.4.1). Thee- ilk v i itse eeltont 3-ia. peur-rtilrew an the mtaw 

1noel gr~oiagl-aik- ehffi-nmeliatant this, e-eav tee edit. as heas. Inv% re~epostrol few raeh souree-rvve~ trWm a(l ernie. 

the orurve. teelow-hgity ao a funorteem el tunew. ijemlam. assil law the Ameti tnhe too# pas eire sof ease-ewLak 

Ifivorrm valun. ranog (non 173 ft stror few 30 per 

Acc. elertione of Projectile i.n Clo tono se ývrr to( n - ft ovrl- fur lOG per cant 

ed virmror r ~w. t rst lfeeit that fer 34-Le pro. 

The. ae-e-m-le-tiee-litiw. -irure fewr the- pnqaw-rtile hapt jemtlik-e Imnrie .reee-lnttn ad h.er--e 

Iee-te eulvtneneet I ferzorngelaiel eiifftere-tieeleem ee tid 16- - tr ieve., im ft- .h6g6en with nu-aioesen'lor ae-m-neue-y hi' 

leeit-finr-tma-irve.. Not elie're- nea'lwhe tol'somo-secriein the 

lrmm.-rctik- a:et,-iesenie wnvi ce-eel in tlip Carti-r i-k Al.U 111l-7 I 

einto. A noehwttseI tree-l in a 2D-eaion win ip s k-me-ile-e 

Sea-thuo 4.A 

is Ftor ther-i l7eo. gmfj-ileaft-w Ste.. ee-n-avel vaee-e eel skceyfAwtioni 

rm.W (Pn fil III tr 1.23 ft -er 3 e. 

OONFIFNTIA

D Iisi1astarenatr fir C4111 in Nn"4i 491 Mlrimi i-haget glite 1anaifahini a-"ewctaaim in u esi 

owntris atuswt 1.5 inwi IWhom eirciots~. For te 1-01 

The 4614ul.mi.ww 44 the U"s. Opin in id"enu a.L a ias~..,rham tir IWA..3S41.Int omiim at Itanws timh 

sirtmith .4 tiew hats its uldivi inrnwacs lavan stinvtly valis lt~w(.s +sjrtismu, IL intirra (wa X gt cc" 

44tiWi&nnq li the or4tyistep wrmunwtrt- in a fleW rbnrwp Wrng 81000 7 Misi. 

Pkriitn 4.4.71. O~ther nimllaili.. Ito"I in. a fw ras.~w 

ame ti lThe integratitmn of the v44cority-finterum-a 4s 

fPreovist or Mjiwler Gas 

the vhsinsctem. in.! (2) thc tisdimli intirwatjitn td 11wr limm u tif I hw pmwihr p.t wisaosellv ties% 

the amr4cratissin-tite IuiwS ts4 the aiiTeilensumq.t 

11. imly~al Slth mrisrls, si the mawisinn of11 the lam 

in revisit can Isw vitnpamil thrn ugh tiilewmintitimn fir, 

intelgruitim of11 fi in-e. draw-n ley the' r'ritnu. intom! 

at funr petivi..inu sitting the 3-r n. bY d.- 

~ ukunw. ~St .. Sj~jaia 

lsmu...vinwe irunex of enac rmean.! have linen towa 

lsinid.wielaehe iulatfrinm thediiaarnwatI neea 

srunaemlm. 014thw lajilsie fiat that "Mnili to gins thew jsw...oin 

curb hle.,fnria.Ipntm.tpnjti 

' ~ Vieatv of Gun in Rectoil 11w .Iis.plismssniaenstte mrsre of the psajetile. as 

.iletrmneiwu Iaw the rnisrwusre intmicrametev. bass 

TVA. vrk.4an 4v alite 3-ia. low in rmvlln a. fisnpsinlisen atwa40" in AD itnuand. When availab~le. betgin other 

.4la.hi.wutn lyl.,.ufrbnntla. anUIl, it Wass 68dastlmiardUI c tiw, 109eautmma-SuA dataL 

.aaf. (1 direct n Aracu~yswnt with a v.4striteterw tionixi~auNteii fewets snevosswen~wus o( the malofth 

(Skwl'.. 4.4.31: (21 .hffienntintu..n .4( a tra itisktviet- giun. The pn'..uee. ors the lame olfý1 he PMcile as a 

limps .iwr' and (31) intorlepatif,. an artelricstin. faenrct..a ia prwspvtilis dioplavesucht has Iwom detertimatrun-i. 

7Tlwnsthuual that ha emnu.txenn. nvsoa fnen liar ,urammsru at the Pete.. hale and 

ly usivel hivihdgutwphiruildiEf"Patmw "I thefliistsare. plouteil isfu vcur vituaL Figs.,!I -b thet premitsrmusta-finsis 

"mte gai-cts hy thes .tep~by.tep mrsi- gives can" fewt ?W PT Mt Clmapp tostand 61. ao 

nester (&4o 4.4.7). Hoawcevr. Wham. mar11,..! that. ist nwa~ue" at earch of four hitless. Figure 3 velae. to theU 

sark sAsell Ora %n elaaeity ansl the .!i.plarr~nent a n uanwrsenio!t lits# Awaw the pemestie as a fnactionmofm* * 

simmil. anit othertnuw esismsamrs at leitt. ceitlaim arcerm. projectile tianes!.U 

cy faM the &A pa .4 the curve. The valuv. d4 mazixmum pitmire abtahied In the 

vraisos rum.itus star hare hems influenced by at leAt 

~'Acaeeeatof .34.. Gun in Revedi thre (a. sitwintimaawy. rosmlitkosof the inteetr aivruav* 

of4thewogn lumIm. the initial painmatioin of the priskertile. 

71W arelirft'om Of thiii 9"m in wcnIA ha. aIN" m- and the temnpera'titivol'thrgaa barrel and thepowdisr. 

toaled ilimetly 1w the ntu~al aerironsemme~r.o.ns! 1w Thwem iia ilefnite mintlication that the ma~lmewa pres.. 

difcremtintnstow~pprtinot n the tru tfmut on a v.4004- itare its isaueigw sith the projiectile ain. itssoun passi. 

asetrtS.4.O~lta~lwnuhaincliahimtvw timn asei the interioe muufarv of the barrel gpettsirtf 

theuliffewntiatti~aoufa si'AN41y~inwrurrunsilklyhe 

doubl diferesttiatiewo a4 d.Iithluvensnciustim euafl. 

The 1w axinwms piPAM ine is ontewhat greater if the 

win mmrml its dry: it 6mma little preater if thagm barrel 

The se sitfirtne or thewipu at at gicas point rivit- 6i peavird an.! the pojecile its advanced me that it is 

visil. of two parls. momlY, its hear. asn v It tin, and peatirr! agaiis~t the nifling. and! it 6i gremtest when the 

the mece~nas t ka misoftinst felimn %ijinstatet in the spin pstsjertilp it. uilvanees and the inner oufateaof the 

astrustaaw. The asteckitinwters. mar harema %y rapi! pan laurel is drmy. 

scsmew...nslitrati-a all she -adde-n rhazsgres in aeccirt- Ntwnmaam valaacm4d paaw-4lr prnwutse in the powdIrr 

atitin (includling thiese m-ealling Imn ,m stoa: the rbandslarofm the .1-n. gsa. Air iwitrrie Clmaw ranged 

graphiral-liffivmniathmnt sne~hiadm. fir1 otlwr hanti. I'nost .3) Ins 49. kilemusundit psi. Maximum. prern.. ui 

are aultaimle nalY ffir givilog av..rage valhm aMeinpg I h V 3-nin. lpan mugs.! fruns 32 to lii kilnpadM6 Pei. 

almost 0.1 anew. Iii~h type~ofn4hosils. harethwiribeem 

M'azintion, salter. .4 arrrlrnrtisi in "it~m Ass, ti.i* 

3-in. lpa rasno frvim manual 7.1111 It d-r! (mm. IIlt wrr 

Teirperature of Powder Cos 

vent o(E m"-rie rhasg Ileawnt ft. I.nt i lt 2.s(XXI Ftr mlia M.~urnrt of the fesaspenualre of the puatsiler 

i0 per m-nt ehun*. Fimr tIX) 13" mot ani !"A) per remnt gma were umaml la- y olawer~ing the intirneityaofthe entit. 

OtNVIDNTI % 

a a . a a aAa k

11%% J 46W wSB4L w Ion~ pf 1*40 lKUw S44 Om 

OMAN_ "wo 

_____ 

YwA' q pn-r Omn-0 "" lo ý& om (.wJOB ____________4&_Wm 

CSVDFTA 

_________________

frol Nsaal6atamt s ale-orrlma' in ~c'cthowa 2.5.1. tOne-maltar aaaea,ainma fcar :11isit l tomsa, tw the firsat I I aassrak" -17101 

andl twit."osltor loynaalsiretar (844t61111 4.1. 13) 11;1as tautri masa'srrnmeax datslawell thaat flhp meazzle ofl the gain 

upord ia tim-'.1 4 n. late% in ariaaajcmati aaa a tas~ Werna oszittd toon otawovol liwaro'l lt atlaa,,t f rmeqr Wfcwae'ieepaoaoitioasta, 

1. 2. andca 3. sao. far am, lilt- haimic'ul aaatlasacr tat ticasa will Ilad uwawa'at aae'sarky 2 ua a& ' iowima 

af wt 

ptaraa'a th:1t tile ta'aalar~ataarr its fsar rna.. iiaaaoit'as 

th" viaoair lilt the IwaSIA al'r a-11:aaaalacs~r a M?:aaua fli.l' 1111 4d 

LM I'flwourea in Recoil Cvlinaler 

file win5 anaml the ra-aatt,a (coany stimer laa'a'aaa stsit au is- Meatsaaa onea'.aa id pre.aaaan in 'he "o'ail c'vlioalara4 

stialit give the' elfa~ea.aar ud asa y ona ,aa l Iaaa'nl T14aI tile' .in. Kiln wvet animte tinatar twit rimalitiaaasjc. In the 

tamve in Icnsit 4ctl ae wiaaalaaw. ratheri thian tlihae.ranas' firoal. the- m'e'ail r'siantl ere fill IAl with fiasi!o~a the 

ttaWa'smtw's sit tilms ihA.4;aa 16nowiue, 1haaau flow, tla'haaiow, icassmihalp. wh iparm ism lhike pueaeaealox" so g 0q.sti 

aarismo tile afissamac1-tr al floe Iaa1witiaaca ef itahealttl. Faar sa asiliili'aemanclsclaefaareejc'-tiaan. faa the later vaaanola.the 

W4i ayuamon. 1W1tca etar caitla tlae Ne't thaat tlie limaitedc cvylindearso weir firsat ti1le- anal then is sonall coanismtity 

aicitipyi's( a a'eaarlitiaag saplixarntiaas ra'triatota tlse tvloAaa oaf (I;, Il in aiscast esa'esa was, n'a'isava'q. lascla'r thea,' consinscosaaannosantatlo 

miade in anyas cae a'aaanal. tile tvyaimla aitionoas t'se initisal Hria of aa''ail-a'vliamler pci-tire ocraaaandoaolora"ea' 

faorn thle nc-tuort iaaaaaatwiaat [or almheaadt aa( a'ca'a'l after a'jca'tiaan. liaise aela'las v inptitfieal the earall 

in -.nv simmor typic-al 44 the, aaacaajlete lealY of ufive rektioan a4 tile aaaa)tianF4 oaf dcit gin awlss the pitimectile 

dtam heat rna'a'a'a- eacsatislk'aa. '11M. ra'saaattoaafitle tems.- lw'c'uaase the capajasainig Foan'.' e'"stcli fly tlce ay~ed 

prialumt aaaamurvammsc saw aaaaaaaaautiaroI iaa :ta'tisaaa rylinolaii 6a znsa ttsnaaajmhcst the. imprval evionideretf 

24A.5 TaW clicsacirtac w atil n'eauilecl wasii .aat chunged apý- 

In the laoalest cataa'aiag hills tliae piawalar rhascaaliear it l'rmisalalv bYt te la' c'aoara! i;"' the liquaid. 

luta, laa'a' faaaall a that foar psrvirrc'a alaap (1) sadisatiaan io 

tlra eaaaagl W M-4i 5 a h srit l aa'faanlre tha malsatalki Almood: u~ Ejection of Projectile, 

2I"t 9) 1 e a 6 ihthle flpA" A.tsnMs Aria "I Pro Twit" mettbnah of orr'eaa'ing thle ejection of the pro- 

*tire fa llu"'c I 01) lu". isaaataailwa'cl loy rap~idI a'calinX jaertile weare tried. One depended aspoat th iacssehunirsil 

to salmaact l11111) K. .1114i theara. ita a gncataasal rimce taawarl c'aaatsart in ian electric cirs'cait while the other wnssA an11 

a aasinaaaa111s: 3) thle aaawnj'aIaata tealls'rsataan'e adf aaoat~csl aaetlaaaal. As ejectioan signssl wms r'eco~rded "-hen 

2550 ± 1(M K ill n'aateacal sat salseast 5i ann'.' rieja. five fraaat of thle rotiating ainal mnuade contact nith 

tican: the aaassiaaacaaa pa'c-asiaa' asectors, alasacat I ninca' aisazzle finger mmaiantrol aan the nsaasuzle pinte. Complete 

after thle mamzinsaa trilesspcrt~are: (4) itss faartlaer exi. a'jaectilan cae'art'eal 4ightly laster, ms abloaat 2 in. of the 

poinstiam cad the pit' evoiitiaaaaa,a shle tarintevataare arlnaps Imiacccatilr wiax Mtill in the iaazzle of the Vina wahen the 

aspall , vaaaail at ejaectioan it ila na'artira'lianit caf moa..scrp- aignasi wtus rectreaas'd. 

anetant (11100 K). An aapticaarl sapty ensu Walls ale'elspeil waith the exp-Tta. 

$ train Mems'areanteatsa oat tha' Gate 

tiem that sa saignasl woatila Ixa oftasincol when the nto~se of 

thle projectile intecraeptedl t ,-int a light pasced 

Strain a macscr~aa~ss 

saala' d aacsaa mea'.' a theiaaatai'.crlaet 

t.Se'taan4..1. scaic w'rplrssI 

in (caont of the nuidaze sand whiah mctivated a 

phlaaaaile"'ric cell. .5AA riplaissed in Sctio~n 4.4.15. 

on. thle extaerncal a'aarfsaeo car tiae 34na. Van baarrel. av thim s'aptic.al asachaid of aleterassiniaav; rejeticzn diad nta 

lien of twat kinals: (1It 1asalitiohivra aaeaasaan Aa Isrka well liereavisor thet bratin wala oilaresatel by 'om'which 

sared'ac taa al'ereissiaa the tiame oif 1vlititeat(ra the 

pc'ajc-tle agsscittaireaaec,.aa''ciensa.tact .aal(2 

pircsomeol gpaom an Pnaaals mak 0it.0 too 1.0 aaasror Worefaa the 

nsae cal tile Pnajettile arrived sit tile beam. 

in aataaal'ssat tile (sacem e fesciag can the puac tails,' in orate, 

tia clerteraaiisae their ir~flaaence twiatfiae ftaitiasn btacta'an 

tile' wan anasa tilae pmniest ile. nfliira ev alacat icn is a olfs ai. 

U-o Mettaicrr of Maizze Smaoke asaaa 1lash 

ccitt gaclarasie . a,, is' tarnstcglat awsct an Ctialatctr 7 (e,.tws'iss. 

ty Sefitian 7.4). 

tack ssslgs'aecrnislaa h 

.,a 

sazt 

li Iegaan wi fasl tip flat 'I sers, phattcagca pheal by thce 

laiglah-taocrt a':aaanecas alae ritwail ian Section 4.4.16'. 

31a1a1i0 

of Casia Cas :'aargasg fmasa tie acca zze aa-aaill .% ubcsh ared 

fil pi-jt-ile-4 taut it aiail noat ta~ie'a'a visible canliar 

jaaaaat 4a t Is.3'-incgaaa'alaatiaacltiac ca t it it cc~t as sveral faet iaa (siacat aa( tile inacazate. 111v Pic, 

C:ONFIDE:NTIAL

loll 41enn~ie'ring IMA ~W. It e.ILIIIV .afalceI at eW-erMI 

diffe~tvt luelni. at 31ienet tier ,ceito lunwand Oticl 

'~rI W jute. a a'engf Ion! #of fluw. Tlne' tim-ifet 

Awbe p meal 1 a lw #1a w mow tyV6- a# baA 

cu41 44* (w 

1w.cnn w w 

"I t 

le e FAfmw ftee #1w 

.who, mwvlwP Ch:,egkroa trrr- eterIl 1a0t 11W e. flm,4,elw~'. o 

pteeolee rk ltner %i cigmla lux t arr I tm btteil too the 

4ol"1 with eliffrfrt.t ecjwc"de alIcen rrelieweI rfwrgrae 

wtoon aw9L 

Llawntariottmed romi~nol flu- els~4k-rit @4 she eketrnm 

IwnxriCrthueiu ~!Lgr..plm. Nov ON a rather 

vogh realtag em t11". elefierting Platt" 6 Mri'tueye to 

&A11 011'uaee oflqaie lI 

T?* jtntenceity "I t1sa- nonetule. IYý h. frio the .1-.enam 

les theorlmeaenate. an aeeapii er 6 Wit into e"a 

owatiloncrtph too imnoumw tbrvh a o ate e the tramp - 

nei~tetl xiguelo. 1 Stire ele'eorir tie .CUSWa Iwotui 

xgen *no niroeeeaeen 61ih the f641alns-trr ihleeerilovl in thsa m,4ee-entai canalti dr emwillowsrpho its mNOW for 

$tieaeani 4.4.17. Mramirnnwnto Afn rtnole' :t AewTMI 

guntoitinno in frbt aqt( flootr nAceri.. ~ nr n otlm ate. e~cwne r 

fogesing frt-oeia. for few muatch~ing jmr~tl~ioee. In an ael 

fshe te',aeiwi.t flw- maceestlwft. the -yvonei0 amo nmaie 

ecignifirant eaerre.Litiomail, wt peewelerv erlseeee- Ptmeletfea eomo a riealtlY nweeinit filut tniaeentealon a drium. Terub 

the tstvaerkn difl'enm lreItu-me .1-1 guee'lval' (Ieb lea jrutenr itiuemptnm'esta am rfee"lerS4 lor tmawn cans.. 

Onh-intena-ilvimfol NM- pswale (high flza,l-inimieta rere. rgieI1% intini~te'e in freest of tb; arinewrtpt 

IAM tume of Projectile in Flight 

0 

tres iiii a eowe'-p rrulit tee pina~thueI*henmoiamlu 

"meeisim eeC dwisor e~iIleegmph eaput.S 

T1W. tisning eod the rooi.'4 film eor ofl the most"j eu 

~the ituylt eAmiit iti, aerreeenlkabhetl 1y Oing to the 

4Inhicitentil non~nel. li eetae' 141w efm 37.iespisi, m 't~iloee. rknintreen ianc a m.ea:,I vertical uk&'rn soth m ee miflinfliglit 

torre nule aleueet 75 ft in (ntfrem(itee Ki gm lby 

illeuminating lthe mejertijivsk sith a "tae'ttnim ch" (Sin'. 

xoertowggl. Mwe oerowle eeC the looming Igo iee aSuh that 

t hree. Mifllixi"Wel ~uINeIAae mmalstit 1.1 CM. memt. 0ae 

Siian 4.4. 191. In anostiwepto twvree ef iru w tnee re plaehac the fiin 4 tee dil : raux-iwca the 4ficetimse hetuwv 

emi that the angle laetwero thvir fie-. 4a Pight waxe Al". timsing petilu'aet ice aheeeani 9 mnm..A nomovame4ienaigswl 

showmaknukag it loai~ itsa rmnoono,q 11w vaw of the imnm~tmfrlean sorh trc eu% hr"the Arius ift mIdm to 

priujectile. Iluse~ve,. the rum,,rue that se'nm utee'eI onwe (qntiom 4.3.2). TeeeeoeagnAlwake*it pumaoi~e to 

aeyi ene 'nmd that the nimnererrrnrte de )-aw seers e'arrm~et 1 the in"~ eeC events& treMW on different 

noot pnvior. In either quava, the twit enmecm arm Maim Fe ea e irr toe Unl the time al' orrurpincerd 

a ahosiwt erlletenort apart 4mn a line iceirnlild too nier nerela too Ix- "emirol.Otheir pheasnweea reviesre 

the path eeC the preujertilso, andetrA uea pirteea'e tký nivitaaeercme-nt nif l etentitwaa that vary with timits 

wemyohiainrd. few which jacerymem' totee ty-prioeC tcenireing inittntments 

lhave IV"c uaerol. Ot.e gevem a Coatinuum. Mvreex. tha 

411.11Shock W'aves either a potpol-f-Ic ep r~eew 

A A" k wave 6e initiatrod Axe a paisleoe at the mainnde 4A Insruet (a Maigte eod 

p1ia1edarwtw~ifnmatl1wineceuiein thefimnaidaaleadew-r. Tier ineinnorieawntisfea mak-ing the rreweautlio wvet 

ic~I 4.eli. Iam voe 4 the oplierte iy'nxng aceg thact gient cee. a nieecr'ioai. rrrecalit. miano anexilimere Caeinipnieait. 

rirrle ue luia cc. ix Inrxnoiweeh-.La Itea t1w eieal r., yo n4rurtoc 11w latteriniaadeac 'ee- wirneg (eeritt-erating 11w rertlelflce 

iay* tia teeaeoneee a 41-I Ofl 1le3t KfMt ct-i-e ca" eproe, ice' clavvje-. eaor mainking ai d~'efinie a itter h fi n the 

thce KrM'd ceeler eat hr I ccaýrLseaeneI. Scnte' caf Oie-4-e 4aiwe Monlce. m aand Itie'r~e aiirmet tig .1ngtcaetee Figure 4 ,4ceei 

eaera. iarit I~'t, o ategmtlea I) N.the l' reejcetile c'sinvra t acme n ma-4-e'eaal al cc! ree'ertlieg "inirmina itwitsltinhg two 

liwi-A s rr roeot eelae~'recml in i li fir'.t exn: laemin I icca a aft 1w let ciNa cltw Ionlura.. 

prteicteerA r w~aictit ilk- .3-n. gien. 11cc- %ean firet 

ceeei~tin cane' 4e flce jaoirtoire tacke"inI : --:afnateee. 

1law INca csileenlia. re en( tiate Ios~ftt TvPeu 

tieaai eel tci.. ra-e'meirrh. A' r-.aanm toce elthe' lasetaarm 

freoa tier Ow1-intm -lecs voti 1lw- -Ic:.At:c- c4 1114. V 

- o 

r.'*C% b ae. krae ar, i,am:a.. .clrlt. 

-.. t. 

~m~a. 

eteelte ille~inefrtl. is gd4eAtoeaeag e11 it-allefeitsca at ('Xethwaarc. 

ELPNFIIi;rI AL

A ra w 

Wt o rL m mU 

Its 

o K 1W w 

9~ T d 

S 1 

t"t 

aw LM Pro 

ftM 

fmCA IBRGA 

OETAS 

0.'$,WTTR PELEASE MECHAMfSI 

pl~rito.(.ý -aw 

*R 

00C ~r

WS 

i--sn )jrel%. I lighte 'iris -I I h:Ij i..renk."ll :Ie~ Iti I I .1:14 I Ie rfitT41m . : . nvlwne t FWv.-in k, '4 lclaa le th4elt 

tMilestfinite% j!) ill. its*,.ect' ith .1 1411. Fare, 1, I. Ill ,~ tI iiid. c.a of( 114.* e1 ,iaetlft sessasio-un'l. be l*iKitrt' 5 

ltinal io IN-It-. efriv-.n 1. ' a tI.A netf..er. -114 Ft. ct-iteg 1-:e it tilt hm es.- i I fratt is( (.A) ill ano tv itle. .I t he rgrmnev 

hp"rtsem le werrmit I he- mooemmfinu .4a p~pWl shrnp fIqw- .4 iw'*eF. tn. w l II- 9fre 04 FIN) illimevrit" 1iv 

911" sell flW. *kIng. .%it -Ism.rimi.Hv it~m-r-a.,iel sol~tefi, 1:1aWtv Fyw ell, Ipeh ! Ihes OwmesiIv'filr jp:V th@ 

C41114"4l. Ol. ,~w q .iw .Ik41r t. Alt."- 611 .ltef~ tc.tecg Wram, i.. tilt- niiil.. elf Maiis~tetle11411 treItn S (4Ntt 

ill viiih. ti44Mtil .. t 11:1f JIM- I sts.. *er II ifl*getl. 111:1A t. m 4444 1414 lia 4tgilil J44 cleAtlls in th fcl~i~r. Thie filtearre 

eyI ten a4 oiteedt film,. A n4mse., rnm: 4 ,E I wnef lilue t-, IN-I 14e4fwy '. indlicate flu. AttW Celse 0 nti'tnh114'f. 

e4§tettvr vinmit alm :t l-mo fI..seti. .1101111-r let vle.. :1(14.r .I'ltler. 64T If;, 

AlivIL- iritet tttuillctr -e( rtlttttiom t"ite &~~~f~~ 

4t cI 'A vill Ilet nkfrMIe 141 tat~t. 

Theeeqi -pi.~4? g.rwelm :1 III-no lit.' 9 , f~wq~ Ore el 0t .4.tiflogrph~f CAflTwators 

11se- tdre,,. tivrsi ..Yeetlnmz% eel , ie it Fem '-elc!liee atee. 'Ijf li. .ttI ie.e' 41fe~ wc 4k tue) file nWbtnjaris 

itlIs 't(- Arili t iviie.l:Ii,ta e lf fli rills spm 111:1 111:.f th nge Iretnc ifl. t . e1-fl ~ijfr. st-rig-Ae. 4 1it(,lt t .44.tnftls. 4,.Iat 

"(l all tie. 1 ne. *.,tme, a~imimIi~theI% .,rer .eevt f:e-Iej4to. fti. oredinate. ,t riemh Atli, mmrnsirseeliti 

.11teet4et. 

9Iee hire.t 41i %:to e,..rl is at maetz-rf d11,,, alid a :e m f wte-~e i~crdir.i I, V filer fr.,. 11wte lni'~tt. fr.stlit. 'i temel t4 

list if IsIs~ivifthe fle. riiix t44' 1 4-1:1iti-ill. r1ii*. ''ecu. eMWI- r.aklw:1I#et 6v flee sewifr~li~ ,,.,et~ ise ua.a aIri as 

ta.rt ftleeel" hegiht:. cit tIleril. ctl~Inti,.. 441,141, .IIc-miml eltef ric:,IIv r-h-i4:L41al'eil Itei~i~ t l4t flxtl a eef"i't(, 4 

I1W ee11..raI1Mferee se ,. mti~n tsti r Wfelvi e eeieti. i~iif th e .%t it e'le~. ut ttcl~l nvom to a siial ncftlwolrk, fo pieethte 

99411 7 leitte, lcl Itseel tsitMn.ig 9 lhe ,'t 11cwe~w.1l itt iil 0e' Ut oI ti lt fil;s.c e 9 fi. lm It% . r~e~nc, .4 rt'fisti tee,.eeieflfn 

.t di-.k 444meintele4,1 tie flee- e imst elftj. It~ , %ci am erh.is v itt 4elf viI.gr.. 'Ill.,e I' e' 4' 6v ,4ieu~n in FK'ifg.t 4. Antz im-' 

ra"tl~t-t flee. n..wen app4t ra m~w.nl its flet- vi-ton d U4*leter- Isrtmitt le~tttiitm.4 ~ie ciiiLrAb uyts 6v thee fact fhat all * 

titer elf1 fileinm. eles, f e~hNarr. ,peiPtrd Wet wpwlmvhet np ae . ;& urwitiiame 

Twoe tyl" of eii 'eel. %4-m401'eliitte.l. mw44 ill 44 ifati icr yeal ".Icis rr-.tftirV cfi tejwnitim~ in-tire."e thaut mas 

fe. Wfilier. 4.1' an4 eve4,f is t ie,:etw I 1 It.% 1 :elcn. 1 Iifi clee99 mflti9,f 4e mtitar4t,4 "ntm Ct"lf.tr.f ev en fsm lte- are 

I" is. .. Tl - .4 ?:.. .. 01. -M .. " . a '. loses 

I F..N'H.H

FIRMS 

eItn 1114- lrarrt r-etsrn in rigmere 3. *Me saicmie mriew4 to 

n4-wemnlew ion ill time Ir nraii Ie tIle 6f1%lm,' tim :tfrexix"eted 

at samY i~na* iee. 1,, dem etheeiffenimt I rarev, (f a 

,met emit.qrn4:mtrol n by having #one or nitern 4liemlinctive 

trnw. ripe timhing pml-o-or (tee the Alint -ir initiatedl by 

a, ~~a 10)(11-v foork- ande arr inimmmeree on A. noreilngcraph 

ftAUI aeomirsr 4f the invesetilzmoitsmm theme deiierv ha~ve emnele.r 

L~.. z'-_ 

_ 

%our iammimreeementot whiclh smuke thle puheewt apjmeer 

s'minitammmeonLy a all time ost-iflhogripilix and inreawot 

~thirw' lpeweieom cit mem flip FT~m.jet*m or the' pub"m OW 

2 ~um~ma~ema..mss lie fihimi. Thele-crnptiern i,, time ne-.vt mertamen its linmited 

0 i 

I . I. I 

1 a 

I .i* .I .- .I 

4 

I 

6 0 

, i Lsý 

too time inuiiniril feerni aA tiveol in the third eterie.. of 

Rringigmeith the V. Vigmn.'" 

i.TI.. -. Uiisb.. am. Seqalmm-I IMy a (Mlitath. W44shl. Pulse"m 

Time tinming-poi-irE griterutog 6 4lepigtiel lint inmvel 

opiened at the ratpe"m one evr ntilliserinat. FeLrn 

is a diullrmim oif thle eirriiit of time rmifiloramtmr u.4ri' t 

litie 101X)-c tittpot (if the timing fork (amnd rektr'd 

:ia J.Mtii1r i't tiyl litea..erie'm of pnimbes in which tile voltage 

the veloeimeter. nine'. m'arplv. rmumtismn nearly cmninasmtt for a~meimt 25 

Mmeee'. then tkcemmrmc jitit note s~harply to zero. Time die. 

u ain ofF taimee on the film lortwern the rising sidle of the punes 

and tile di-Are'ntdng sdue is suichi that thle nem hair of 

Itoe !iiinx mto eneh filuit isa:mriminiilisfuei Iy rwunil. ltie reaiding flhifi-i!4Oir may lie acenrately Poet midiing 

oen it a e'"triinemoe. merrit 411' i11lN. -lthat tltirir at 

41metrerstl Ofl I aintoc. '11e.-4imitinlig 1e11e' n4.4 IjjI ie .'." 

nW~ iietWc-n tile two stides. liii16 coneditioen enaiftlie 

arrmmnmte -mitingi ton lie nmaole. An identifying signal, 

insertedl in tile trace oaf ersrh filit byv tite firitig-pin 

." '7 

i-ontimet. prov~idese a remtiomoomtime ecrigin for tmil the 

filmse. Thuo ftutmire. in cmmnneetiemn with the Psimititaneity 

of the timing pimleco. make.. peis~imile very 

- arenrafte cetweeinsttion if the timese of all recorded 

'Developing of Fl~mis 

aTIme eiqimete'l fihimmim rvunmmil siweizmi handling and 

~~' ~ 

L..........LI...L... 

~ 

lcvdipaing kcommta oif time s'trintgent relliremirents for 

ltie flini,.imee negatives." Time dlevelopnment amid initial 

fixiing were carticil owm in the dark liecaumoe time film 

wnoe texistmene4tive lt lientiit time tiee oif even red light. 

a ~~ 

ci~ .2.. i... ~..i .5cm...., .~ fmtm owi. 

114- eivy-ervcml differenttial -lmrimmkme rinmgr'd front 0.4 

jwr rent to nemtrly I iw-r cent ind the reae:ting 

rrvir in lttlie imte'nmemrwiients edied noit ecxecul 5 bt-ee 

ti,., wit 7. tIemlkhwnrAph umtee, mhl -wua roimi I..., v,. rete, foomirt. -el n-i-tilmimletera Ivr lxvn ti-441 to ownsineu~cc~q. 

tinre th lieli-jolrin v'ieieit e lime gion in reveal (Sect ion 

CON iiIW)-N'ri.L

_ .~ - - -- 

~ -- ~- 

XU4O**~c arc 

PO 21, 2S 

t~ThtUW7F1lO0 --- Fr 

4.3.13)l. Mo.th firmf'te tin tile Mille gmemITI Pil~lc.:l- r given ~It't thii. ino-rintteiint, it is "fledft the contltt. 

iistmo4r. tIN- Y.-rintisin tif "r, i~ti.-lllN in it cirmiti 1)v the nflits n'q'iliiiittr. Its. id~er is. errivd by the duveU~il 

mmilisn so( 3 AJii~ng tijntfit. In tile first rmorifihitwef Ahideo I)( C.ti.,.#' r-ribilmcte, andh the slidethe 

nwvitmiin tis the join ultjit-cm tile tolitler il-ng ovir to %%ire' nsstnislilv is ft tenel #to thevidrule!thebasie ufthe 

wemirootof ider' riintgtt "Il'iintp, bettvi %%' hirlii reti.t. 4Iltt-Iie,,tr'p n'rtidlmeter. 

oAerr ,n.runnertt't. Figimpr 8 .ln- fit ili~mmnIii'i 

vill voistat tit -flow%%- demtil,. 11w rt').hV.tp 'nietr 

slitu a uscir 

jeffrit~ieomti .( lit fis' #11 

211W guhn atiftili .. 't-rallt 

u" to huhtic fle ihpla. 1 1:,,iittit of rwii fun.,,. tif v'ltitiiintt-p4 havre Iteei tiis"Il for 

leq 'titiis.Ii, Pli.r tif116 nu,'t- deitermiritioii ihir vi--t . %. it( of rrstIi of tise Vin (S&Cction 

i~iiu~wt~r ' t~t~w telti Owi gu r. byI Ai -I H#ilisiw. I'mi 4 3.11 . l11 dis fir,# tint' ticl in t his iiiielipt ion the 

~I~tiflH- iiiit'itiig ii~il4'for tc -trt f i'i~.I ~*. lri fititits.ri~l it( til' motlii v 111w it'l o uiiiitaitiire In f 

IjI't'tI It z .li-1h-t' tin'. lttv-:iii.'t' f t1114 fi111 1- if the mm,- imitti-ii iof the Kimt antd flip' iosi-aicvhiiri# clinncvtioi 

((1'll r)ENTlALS 

Ic

elf fill- v~si'n4rtteta lit tIhe 1felo ip IItit-rristyr imitli- VAhN-ity. :a114 f ill 'szi'e for-to rotr ally ripintotift itn~llar 

N-t- the fli. Ipil ivr.aitcrntiyhA.!fl lo i t,111and,.19-ma1 

:1-C K"tW"tler a4att'tnftrtel tat liuive at M46aalt.ianaallv iiiatlive ion-e oin fill- tei'ti miwtlttit idt the Kroll ritaor is 

limtdr n-+Iliawt l'twettn Iuipalkir ietawitv ',Yl retatint ititlviortaint. It w~as, fAtone thatt air itwrrr. Aif I ia. 

tt~al~qitfyawl~tu~it ItI~sfatu.i~mmlfa~t~a. Fwir ~riih e an-e in itt, teniiait~wir ttt. awcn' itt' infltieev 

O iii V iew 'If the01M gravtttr. Thi. ,tnthmalnu "Iti nWIa- . w itiwaiv (font' byv 0.0 1 per rent. 

w4t 6 ortmpw4t'c ( five lv.%1liiesi Iii.iultt. itj the ytw Th aniw ihiuv it tim. Ki11tlw itsr 14W4 ,t tott y the 

w~4W in renm Ehertric Tylt'. DP- tI-i aninwtet. knin Iti' ttia'ntt ' ftint thin .'terleIx4 ta lu' iot wind in 

I11w arniiNttt.whiirh i6 l t'in"Kh narisrttt itt motimi otn gnvus%..' ill.1 .lii':t iatlt the tsilitiltor urflutiutt 

a Ixrikelite title. rcttIee tanttiit l fa t~immri:*ay in'wia'ars, tif.%% file 11w n te. (voti ftioll iaj inwindlt' Iniit 

ialo" 4141ix'il IN-wren tiljthative4itflu-w itaf- i ll sl. t'hiii itil fll-i att lier ovinchia tap. IJitring titintnerne,'tt 

anti apMit lov lt~atttaitt tlatl itelii 14011.lq11.' rrttmil fll- ftairtiti''n. ttthe t wo titw.ar infi' trrhainrl. 

otf tile ixi.a' plaite.niae inti.4 it( viii-arinttialit' r',titt' If %jltrttitit.ins ith tflpdrtiic t,4.ýtetti 4)(tte arinufltirttii are 

rimn&'etc'aI to p.ilver s'lit) rii tttusot41tmi'in tile #t.~ktaitr i~aiI tile ungittir velhtseity ol' tlw ariusiture of till 

tithe. %Vith tit) atirmnt in thi' tntttimhre. nisam tuatur' Metia'nitatt iaý Iovil~rittptisul too thep liftiva vewity tat the 

list Am Ctrn otrfttr. andalvet-auAi, filtl- anrittittio 4t'e ign. 'Ilia. ve'hawity is( the pin wnt' tobtsinajad friat fiw' 

daft twit rttate. then' 6, ntw n'awtilin front it Ikit ran nu-iiwr t-tnjra aliimtanttns, aif tile dhriving ýytrv'ttin id the 

affirt't tha'firliahfliti'4lileri~iitaitrtihwhittitin caeltri-AI raaihitraiatin ol' thle frenenitatr. The c-lertricsl 

Thew inmiantancoititubirairitidrtiili forre is :ac. i'aaihtratation waxs olitiinel 1w ntattingfl tile aisiatur at 

.UItaruiy prnp~nrttitttiIIto the jia*iu#4uluiqw6 anieloda, Lokwamwa uaqSum ~.prvA awlF di'Iemritini the 6p~t- 

KOrlCl GOMM inI 

Do TAN 

GoS 

lives .NW

ALNOCO MAGNET &~'NG COnL, 47 0 TURNS 

TOP H4ALF OF CSISS-SECTlm 

94MW*G DIAECTICI OF - 

MAGNETIC FLUX 

afr~il reretnintative foarce hthrani% thl- vwtiestot~ t4 fix e Losrwet 

oryorl whism it WW waiharwm. This. thp o wi~4sliaalp lINtwayn 

the ty~n qnrkiefrett,'ntitirt fitrer an.Ltiu' v44iieili 

(I( Ihe gmji wall' otiitint'tL 

)vaiNIii.tl 

DVEKTAIH O 

tiIt~l? 

pimir 

Luxr-st VtwouiTrt&If ~ 

In niiaiitioin its lte tiri4 iaftue emotaI airrAme'nnetvi 

ille thT i ifh niit lii, ,t'i'tit. Vin ar-It*Yitaio was 

n riiw'iairtl sith itomutrnint'ta % hirbar itt n eflertch-irtaes 

In the line'ar ve-w~in'trv, 4a"awn in Floori Ill. it 

ihienir rt~ai 4 if ie. 'A lahic can iiiiwve auth inii i- ixiul 

for diuffr'.imitiatinIC the 

1Y lthe v~tocinatttr. Tito I)vIxe 

formniititv Itiny rtmd 

have Iwntrom-rtiliemel 

teren an irun rim[ :tell[ the innter m~irfave t( ian itither ltie oilier a m~t'aiatinve in aerie.. vithi mpiia.tance. 

rimia isi ea toilhe. 11te rvail ia "umotit in nn aunnidr Figlara' I I ix. Othe t'irtif ihiugioat u the mutulngni.,t~e 

mit in a luokelite ti'hte that hAlesl -on tile irill hitttiia'ctri? zea'r 'iaat 'he lxitisple invoilval in 

rash. 1Te matiatwtie filum is wt tIII 6Y an .litiol maiillgut. that the volatlpg incduce inl the wsiunaiait of ak purr. 

This fluta is utlftonia in the :axial tiitrrtiun ftir nithutt imoatiil imbratatitite 6s airerthi pritportional to the 

is eno. Th16 tini fo ity v.L s s himek - It v oth eii itg t hat t iosia'-nr~ it( chimitat it ctiirmrsa in the printarx'. Exr"p 

evgitai tiefleat ilos tol' a I iailit it plvititxiwtuur %vare fuir wtim dui itirlwitil clctiiwto. the uuitpost volt~age tf( 

oii tainevi i% Itn tlite m'il %%a,.-tl itutddiill timticl thirit,'aigh #h 'l~vit' rrt'~atfir 6i d 'irvllv pmInirtitia lit, the vt a'ity 

maaaal caplal tii-t~aratc t I rauilt. aqit t hig trw'4 a. flaec oft reinid. l1e i otit fi' vaitnige 0at the o'neaator iii rma 

ilt'tvf tt~mans;iang with kauait atl' 

we're ist.' lt Itodfrutiuta the vcdt I tta a lau0i. lii 

%--Wittit inaai into Ia lii' tritvi artit tof a 1017 1title. lte iiiatc~'elait tof 

ittiti 0hih ~inthtit le ite' pnai y lo~tr i'the na11tititil ifithiiat-tr. 

%hean tile muil Iat a t111t.0%C4 %it h twitti taitatta. 'liei 'ha' lie W i. iek- hia4 laai'that. fir the rance ato input 

otin~lgta'it, OnitI tin' itf Ilite :iifeta'ht'r~ttr is fait144 etat iglml vtaht ge istal. f t'a ie ttra ttlepatctr'n 

titi the Kimt pier mitll tl(hat ikihit I ilm.. is ttithtt itta k :a failitftid retaataihittia of fix- %.XIrGt~nat tof the 

file Kiam hiirnw' ii.tt, m it a attitar tlia~t n lin thte gina ittatit v-tht1agt. IlmA fait l- otheaarttt in the prim at' it( 

rea'cktjlaa ht vet.imevitir aiaul ii ih~tt f ltttilig file thet Imtiattttiti atahtoir la ii,. till Naue sitie4rint at* the 

iova'tu-ir field %% itlatait .11ttv phaayita~l t"lartttt IN 1 stotit %*1'lt:tkv ilaltaauh ifile %t+a'4 'ahaimattr. Thle It1ltaage inth. 

C4ail toithia tat. 1 liii ,tiai -trittafin'. thittath iniftle ,aa'aaattvihra tftire1- tata1titi inilitattair is dii 

CONFID NTI %1

ann" islte tI.. ecrVoQ e ii' me -rnt anti inepinwiitii that th 11 4iianiiiiy 

4sf elt-ritneity .Ire.Ieejee'l ton it,, d'~e'tnimu', isc ,14rt~ior. 

I164taI its Oil- atcrile-rlildi toon whieh the crysal aunol 

-4to -.. t he pemmWle s~meva w simro oe..mil to' low. o.poirmg 

Atiti e diviii tl i~ 1 minlity tol' 1tertricity~40 

4"w'e Ito-mAly the ink tlor the riW larEitaceflI so( thlyetM-43, 

F wlist'. wooi..;l hlb. ocnzd0e4 C1115r tecsr n'-pitertwivy. The 

1 1413cI. Nitiiflftiteaa ris~rom am-.fiii4ce f.ew ..u. 

usifte a~ivIs .i 

Iy like' Rr'll t( ,1114e. vrjlfr.Iti'eu, off Or. MI~aGI anod tlwist 

c,4 the' join. rno+I at itsc joelivclsinl rcnaman fmiste~ncy. 

A4s, tht v~siagemlIi rait,.'I bY tilec ar'c4m4'ltlon of1 thr'ew 

n4,.eI. sgn e,.4nuc1 viimtiemee 11111 at any insetant 1.4. ,eiioti'i 

ljiene', noe IworEp atclm' the vlt:tgi' 1eoetine"' ice. the min. 

evjlirnilfor alci-Ini~timCf 4sofil Iv1' an. it is fletCCPWr to 

rW'tlv 1weejurtisinal ttolta t tt-l oft -h:,ngp sof like lne a, filter in 1114- 40114llIMMflap ViMlit to aeeaPrvs. this 

plate' rtirn'nt. anil1 hries the' slortliom'to. ( tIW u..c4illcc violltlo-A imNwleiii.I1 1 the nsolnUnt viberatiems. 

gitralkhat any-'. itt.'.tafl is t~iHsIw'iiCall linlstoriiinal iflts C 1114. ee'Ve4:i torciw'le11teiiwti CIIIIC.S4ic' am crVystal& uift 

tile art4C'rali4.tCm orf the ~lain. IliwMeve. dijfri-1a11ieee 111.1414. cef :1 114'WIF I4".4+INA Inatela~lES., aiflmif~lum 

'aefre enumintervid in fl-time ii.'ic this inthtl e4l iluinig Ii~ldclyflI phml~li7)fe' (ADill'. 11or df~fueStaisO if* 4"14. 

the Miowa sof the4 fiN I II rietilflla. 4 

Anlictioi4f a1114 atltaflwimentI 14 the pin. the method of 

Thue~~kbwl~ws.w~aa~w'w 416ilemkduihctceIeaxwm rulilkinkitimoss4 theisiyootll. anol a block Iliaagraznof ewcnitttinrww 

in the rnirwCeto cntuti~Iwoekowtncit imsol.o AsW trfrtiswe @of OhW P".AL calmolecccl follower, filter and 

then. 1hil, :flduwteir has. Im~i-i ri.paIre''l bcy an1 inelewte'r 

tkith a .. nimwlwrug. vsir Y. 1611 NO a %4 e~ioeigg if fewer, 

cseilkil'graph have~w lxvn dle"Ie."h~~ 

titme, and4 lc.'tir ecisiwiler J ri-tlsitelt4'i ajlmit:Inre. A CCUan ags o enetl 

filter wait mcnnet-trol N t Mwe'g likhe indnwt~or filial fle Sri agsfrPoetl 

4hoie'llngrflpl to mi4epm-w~ heirl14(wittenvy oi'eillattiomm. D~isplacemecnt in the 3-in. Gun 

Thw resilllwng impiiroeel cliffci-nt~i~ects has In Icft-A-11~ As the wIlijrtilw' lka,'er any given section of the 

nacc am aew'terwioniter lti 4rc ~oin~s~i mccwit 'ire IIf gin. I he eawgrml ex.istiicl4. If the lttle of necurrence of 

acele'efaicn fnito, a vewitehIce that4 at ev4'?' in-ant 6 thi s eximi nstnin is' re'emle'l for a nmbeilr of points 

propeirtiemlen toe the veleistriy cif retioil. It linei 111141 Iv'w' n : likeg t 1 cirtio-. a dclt~caieencitt-linie curve can be 

iti,ed to oruil the vdomiwtry cII n-rieig frico the clncp in ploottcel. A ret-or#oflia13r114 e'lptinsol4n, an ohtaino4'l in 

Ocartelifil Wirro" a A4tjle'-wirC' nIgille. file' tgqnintjfhIIent lii.- OIIIIII icc .Iiwn in Filaim 12. Two type. of 

veoilute .le rilceel in &Sertiovn 1.1.7. Smlirf4tmyr wvirw'-"Wonti,.ag Nrimin ppiomm have been ueed in this 

rmi~nlyt have loosen toblaioneil. projesil. Tic.- firoo kste the Micldwin'&rnthwark Type 

Tlse type 4cC ghffg'n'tinetecr ii-Cflg a c'flW.rifitntrer in C4I. S114 Wglcziu. ill 'ecicee the amtiv.e Wire icc mominted 

series. with as net~imwer wu4,1 iaoa'I ceo a very limitilee 

niemiper IIf nitintil, wo that icc'lefluirtit dta l~ were' kill. 

e isi thiei, pImwr liaic4ing that cain lhe cmentedl to the 

t:4j114'wl m~it ane tv'gilimtO ith.cficee. ha 

Idatp lif looting1 --ie111101e 

Ifeil~loe. 4'II to mi'tj'1111il-e :1111 I.itso 11:cge file ma.li 

Fee. eet: 12. l1.,eo- ,'.l . ,rwn I.umiegei iel', wnhe. gum 

11w'.~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~wcctc ~ rvti ~~~~~n 

celnew"Ce'it.f: I.1es-1i' 6v A. V. K.4%4 -.4 the. IWt Tok1 4 wo.I. Ab.. 

rrvl .1 leavct'ing it! Olert reich-. ci eeietiliml tite :11 cael-ee lecr. ,,rmente. 

COtN FIDENTIAcL

.uirfwr. oflho Ki"n. Fiew tI w irlut,.. to( rnw-tosrinti11.Iw 1i *j t: Imlrt. tqnl IIP-(Vr %Pff 24ilul, 4"W 40Oft the 

l~mniim. im. hImor. tI,.w jpl~mý %%4-. nimpunfMq *o iiifi1 'AN) (I frigo 1hw mtesilp. 

itha Ht- U11w m ig nli.-~iin 6.v in n plant. Imrwndji.*uljr In a (few 4i the'6r P-t eiituiolm twf4 ,slmiio', i 10 itn. 

i's tlw' .t~u,. ii the' hiqii. in ihagmwtet vt4rrii*,rL W~ili. ihr-.e' mi;iiL. the rzah 

*flfr...d O tah t yh..dlw.,mi uplml as .)r&'rtIoua '.41 filte~al. %%l3iA 449"-d llt tile .mlplithe. 

win. itf I-Mil intatim.*hq hn % V~'L . 

4 qWe.hn 'A ."nae'4,wfontwuwik 

e~d 

1truft -.4 othit-i. utetrmi.m~inn arvoinmI the win muni .e'- *mttwit lg,, inlmweinmov. 

nmenteil too hlut w hern in pkemw. '11w twinwipncl Avags. In liguire 5. Ow g..i rom~e' fun, t1w, luittfome of 

tacrmp I4 hip w~rinol tu'pmr 4mgutitk might leorthat jitopm. (% (A ,metwolw fuonn.4o the' .,eimlml Mignal pntflueltfi by7 

oiiwmeonn Iwmmie'ml nequwr v-e4v wluw it.eii. the lw .411w to I no.3inetivi. pruijerik- thmwji~ a 

riimvio int ,v 0 f111 in. .4 the lengt hi.4 ihegwin. amor~on. mh p~im 

PDM4, WiN h 0. fitm f~ewthe V.l gI amg.. T%6 wito nos. 

iw l.Iadvanlimg. Il$M r"'~'. Imm.MI.. I1W 

live- gin jockt me sothOw pmrin R"reO ulnikj it limnti-0 

4A.11t Gstop,, raw Mme Pretuolso 

.or * its kniiw the line.mr le-.ilim 14 a pumpgg rnwmn fuItP uelwv Wa3110.- urn. i.,'.wlty umeu too mepune 

31"wi~rte'lt titan tit 0,1 in. futsuhro pwe"Utlirn. In einw fumei it( ihew Pup the 

11~.e'.e l rpun aug., Wite. 1,441eu Am. (iii. nm-:mtire' l~impiuhiinal mmeinI-Nm..u..4 mi it gptiin 1w the pnu-der 

meis..w if lvionl pn.'unwr timmg nointla. 61l tlmrnogh 77. inm-tirnn e+.Inge. die rn-i-tanov .4( a wmindng uif An. 

T~mngntW aimt naxim mrinim. artr nio-mmn-1 Ai III in. aire m~e9'wtcql tolisp tiep.tin. flu,.o uit.iriovi 6. pringmwi 

ani( at 171 tin. frnm Orue mnotzle. N'trmenwwirmm #o4 dimit &uitiilkl ti 1113, ijw n.ice irv4 art porMlh to 

Ptnain At-m mail.' tim 1w 37-mmn gilt. the m%64.4 i.'INlseui4o. a. -twiu in I'igure' 13. In this 

An important limitati... .4 tie 'train-pt~ic tneth iypw .4o tui' Owe .fft" it( the lict-voire' is to dkcreolo 

'iii. ap it et.ntremp the 34mn. gun. io the (art that in- titi n'.'aimarv. 44 Oure .eyeuing. file n'mlaiin hmctet, 

Iportma pan.. .4 the, Win titlle are eerine.l Iff the. MWl I-m.,'adde.nse4nmani wnrnwI linear. 

Airh madh the lokim 6% ring Tie vnnhs .sphimi"e miuse 

Ihot if it 'A'CM tI..milih tit 1Ieute the O~rlin y~f&Ain~4e. 

apaort all alt mgo the Iourrn. the nicais fme~n oil 14 t hmweS 

ewill Ivp "nrceielelo ow fm ilm. 71w rmeclionrrtolf4 

Urveral -traiingalps"u-0n a 4tilloe it-eUM14(igh mieintisee 

0 

mpre'ini de'-ign if( the .*.-trio rinisiim.0I 4 

Skt Smotetutiaa fur Projeruite AAne'ity 

on Range 

The mortimoo miml ftor 4i'to-rinininic the q'.4.witi 4 

tile "I-SicytiwmI ljii-Cltitd oftfer 4-i'jertw.i moa ii"hmliFA-11 

tioon 44 Owe i-im.'i-eiinignh nii.s-I oirwirilorel in 

in itakifng the ry'rIml V it'l ralulmwh-rt.v 'etrillmrgi'p1h 

in-irm 4~.I a gcait:r,m .. er. nii.oil in Iie.n he trol,ne If 

,.,mut -itl'it- i.mm. 1i1w .mhiq,1hriOi'ig msaitiiale. 

ullrnlg inic t .~initioo Owht 1-itur Ouluoim-naii 4can lir yie7 

Iqiuliql "1W.m t loe tow iilýli.rmphm In".. 

Fit.u~ to L.-OVr., -f 

111iiii I ifl. v u' ) iwts iavl-e'r. x~...21/ , 

t e;.it. 7 LA uum:.swt 3 o ir'. Im-r g ~rn-na , it 2*/ ho 

. 

ifll-mu-ill iu tai~i-Ji M1141 I aKII'. EOOih, - htile im Wait 

ti I%- mp..u .ril ,.Ilt. %- .s i i~m frutow. gim~imuNlI in''im 

11Mit. 1-u .It u.- i jtivr'. -4 IN-. r:itiaku'. T.~it fill Im.. 6r' m avui;g"" 

, 

r 

S 

li- uir ts In'. I IcmiizzI.' Im.ititt II I. 2101. V..P. mutl Me.rn-.. 

cf)*M mA~ri u

;.to~ if. ~~~~~~~fr4 

II 114 ' ll trea so 1Ii-i ar#474 

Iii-i mt ars .t1il~t'i' 1jl t.1 li illi;l 

*loiiv- lN, 1AI aI :lm4'r 1, liff -Aim. n-owt141 im Im-livrle.* 

.IT4 IIF %41:o 

" 1.ella imii..o airi notmrer row div ~tMps-ire. 

ument to Poit I'1l14 e Tells;aa r..,Iliret.e 

ha II. p lilml amI I' In~i.ife I n~aI Was vlw ol witp '1. m-lso dl omliiitii tolomtia(1 

Il-the WIýl1;mvt if( it%, tAisuiaig ilarn-4m- liimaurty %iI& lommik-rb O~A ipl~ Livets its .14YVIu 2ý.?LL MathII it% IWvb- 

Inn Iitin Iv~t lijie witof i m-,I (for liswer pree4nvw ma.l, n41 in S44-l iu,, 2..1 I *eg'r umaa'u. fm- Oi,,idck-molew 

(If1l l" It%- 1111 mzZle. -total min 9IW n"vIisit yiotitm. thw 

ptorm41n ie hro Iw vlusnhl io ai~piv4il Ito the. intaink is(1 a 

thuafrela~lkAP tsh~~n~n.l in, Iqfival ovisd. 

I~lkyrttm-er nfllinml ljrn Ii.,rwmimng a1~lloutrllul4 than 

ths1611.4o,~r.A 

1 V 1414 owtosailhlolIllishjis anti4 tlwir r 

o~nnI..m i~Prn mliiin~l lo fai nch Inl4611pyrlfitftr, 

ing.lLti OIlIlW rsIltwultI 1w 11144nga 'wfrue. 

kmeWa Inark I" thr lp.4. naml towsomewiA Ihis I hob 

#v4 "faaos to( the sinsling. 

In t1e ruiiv p4t#l",~ to( thrw inv~iore.isisI mnvonw 

wait. math- so( livm43livirir pnflýalf gniIgrm alms.. A~fter 

a .411.11ilmfll invi wu rmh ,&R~ilormc s 

11W m. Oevba soame r. Is amor 6v WMOmmL twe 

IIIIIIIIePT 1 144 he.tan, lla it hh frtssjwrnlaasMa. W~ re-0 

rim*eanI'14411 wa. otmaIl linumitfl fair tw nesunlrr to( owriIlo 

Kijltolsmaa' 1V1111111. 

i, I ~ u t n lo m m,41 e I 6 d l ilt Ig -tel t.lw lWf.4 m p mbw- .iflv 

dftlI tllflv,.?..e1%s-r its idali~dlmton. ]Ilk novl, jill, ilitaila-I 

frmtnsthena 1Ime.g~gmIpv,.~l,114 11W143W441t 

tvliw cmug csr ttay 11' 6llI ~ lv 

11W loisi all. teil p,'sjertilt inl Itw follie hen. IwE 

4 a1liisK tit i v15 t61itifUit low nolICIW *of a5 ml~icrowave imiriawtvg.' 

47.4 'NDI)IC Iti-inls" Nat. .421'J.m %tiiIlls Ieh 11 'i'aner ImPsn Ohr piir.til tit iii 

vto 16064*7L41 To6 U(CIIC6 

Idt t @1110111101V 

ad 71. 44.' 

tU'tqb.CULl~'.NT %0?a(Pat 

S

S illsg*I nwoo44.eo H. 1tnoo.o. A 614 n hq1rlreel-ls . It,. 161". salse".'~owbo owIooIoI j,.on ill At"#. thr w' p is 

Janina. u r~g, 4.L A- AVA A, anin'01rfl100. r'ila 64 wIng 10 .jeol.w l at( 4, tileen lows lair flo. I.Pjvrlikip~Io' 6 

111w I.."m .'o"y the pols -Nose tvtiar,4. lwe thou t. hor, l' .'...,o "%I. ,nnl ouvia iwlooolo' osir"W' owo-iinds twouself 

sleeve ifo ,nk o.irk tali In floe rrv~ If :itI Iimo. leatiug floe oIich-4-tnri ran-Ieiost imoto oliffe', '-ifaihtl'-11 henn 

vbw' fr4lerl I tonitr i- in j1ho4 * iOI tilis t' dli'rii tove. I h:tfo Intl)#ot4' v..jovn'. .o!sll 1.lst' io~livinpolO' elsemesins 

els- vvvvoo'ivral oe jepna i-: ti1imi:. lio.o if if 6- Ill,ow-ile0 in :~ou~ 111 :1, g:, In. 4bolt cl .0,5 %%10400b:s.11. lwtvtiE'Vi1lUt 

e 

g1I2.'0 thI-e -.igv.-I in a *0t51001.11110' 

othum'. ties- Ion. itotO'Ifs-'oI'IIH'tO' 0 lste'. 00 t*I' 'iI0LvaI xpift 

jm..ols.ie Ofoori Mon olmng floe Ivan- visa- .ogoiIa jvms eo rmt-*rf ovoisw umi11or the :irovteniwt so am tilayi 

lei A 

aisiill 

iI64moilli2 'eile. d4 mwxamoiu waul omu i sevalopllo AGOe ft. 

1wil- rof'r'tro'i W'1 terae ioJsolrai-niio. Tb'e '4;Psal frm the 

ireayrivet i 

LpyioviiI ftt Onl 55WIOOT0 

lay~tto. an rni ,'oa.lto i1o'ttiiiw' alom cc% 

ilvi. I'g1 *I 4pi A aJO1. nantpptoia 

IIakI~j~inttoi 

ja 

of else io'ooiing ftrnqist. An o~lfr.I -.'tensol at zs meboitafl0I its .44il a bra" o 

The caiba~swtiuuon ste foor ,o.p~ap~o~pe lightf larquoifmio'oo to se msian stillo the ipet and to herw 

WW &Oh I* tJaring 9IW 010jwoh a I orei6..e mml e sITeofu is Ibe z lz amIl ow Maillinwverano is IPoeu Il she uniude. 

mote PW. ionsoom in thg. poon awl4 n'-so itigg tile .k'-flo'o'ios. .olii's lu-tomvin% WO. e'I-.r~im 11Y a tunA am. floor lenajipsie 

tme' in~o,~wr n lo e treiv-n tg do-.imI. Tbo16 V-2 pialp Is( fie111w' on anti' 1mu oIl~ooiunteo the' wei'nitive ow. 

lolemm in -frlp 140.0sot 001O.ft fivti .,,:n arvto-Yovrtr,' - favaretf arei pheltOOdOlll n itll. it tu'wni hatuhg 

revertaunt. achntt reeghot'm 111oaxovioootm awnl mini- lth. .04510-0.1 flat- pnojert-1il' rill11 lve I" u 01a the futw. 

mao .in the onsrilaihii Inneo r-~n isb.oinvoI in aO liinog the ligcht voi-ith In ril' roftf lpoollfotie tel~owo'lnrh, 

xsv tels iiniopo'ri4 an-l~h tile' pr..jortiI.'at :m ;looi~tivao. 

.bat"I ii. ~,vo'e Iqo the tOlnO'O1,'at else 114'oawn-. 1 worting 

maunvbevlov ow minoonitom . tlo( il appisoromoioto r-Ailsoessl'wm 

o'toosieonga iulo'i-tiirnoo vitsih rrvooiilingfrrenai':nticimott 

init tile jl"*tatt .4 o'30-otion. Ilbovirito'. itri als &Dowd 

that ittooskeor . otleroo'vilie's100 ga-4'% perviettlh ift Ils 

uioftP. A-lohitioonesl ooi nt, o'n lt o~aoi tOt jinfer. pnjerv 'iirio goto it (.for~ inlirtilitoio .4 o'joo'iom. It leve 

neovi*tiat lorionotie. tt nhvi ' fll'-ir ties- -tlirt is( vit..'me. d~olion.vel in floe no'ioriLe iont tile' 37-toites pofl tWe of 

1oi..n tile lvP4i-OtmtoJ c the noolaia.zonolo oo 1ooilimta iumu. ip 

an%:li #21(0' 04 l5.estall anol (4I of~ fil'ter liIIi 

It ie '.o'ni - f.l Ileiflh in r'ililit-.,tiiiamotw ii. firingo. tl63t 

the ,1oleoO 10'foolingt wIAor-A'ntlm :11"l else' meeow. tIVj' tol 

time' tii'w floe lo:o,' oil the' Prisia-4 tilt' %%am i'Jftrlt4 . the' 

ligtht fa-ino tim. legal Iclot"- IW'b1o't'I a Veryl "hatp atffriiootioo 

04 fle. n44'onl rinont floe jol"o.UoooreI. 

g'toire-.'tle' last oo1'i. list' ilapr'i :0114 A0noo.1-rv .4 the' IlItSwa(8m'u 

p.fo 't-te-ilt lois-' oou:oif~y Ills- v n%2 i-finilt iol tier' ob-tootooer 

ooiitf lt 1w' otaveo-fons laeinit jairslivislaoo1. itinfleoo.n''l Mooo br 

11;,4l o'n',hoitoett.o~wui rra.'J 

1r twe 

now-r the I u-ginning 4 of'.,oeh :still a-o tlw' larlivari~ ir i lK. ~ . ~ 'Ito'0:-: sgeiwoo oooi'v4lE 

Jt.0iO4.iil4- else' loicozulp. non :ta ltv' -orI.11K 

8r,''ilI l4i40 

11as.ii- tof.. tIi.' liter-ma. e~ iwoolofrimir., ite rv.. 1 oiivoe raoitra 00:1' ii, ii, % 10o l ri.l,% loo too ioo-miooll"o'deso 

ila Ifi- rr~tivro'ro. Naorlvigtilo t lip t~o ilin flu hiolante nollatuoigi olr.oo :411%hc oi.i ~ ot 10:141 0v 'of oi111114.lti.11'4Ite 

2'.0f anvlh .1 2r. %% Isto r,- ie Ilimo' ridohi.-,( eilsleo In-or' 4 

,t,~ ot,.' ~oot" 1,' 0:00oltottloit I~lw00- .ovd 11.1 

1-ovi~l'jolooo t~ju. mioolorn: 0000 1.f Io '%o. te .o"iooIihot. 

tot *.ýJoaw.I' iol -' oIo o tu 0itlls lilt roijim( "I life XM.U 

,10totts 6,-r o , glots#, sool .. It iii fr I..r o J1- io, n. s'iveii'-'i Ii' lw ltoo .'.e ;I m g,.: t "c".1 A;,Io lt 3s1 im.. 

O o~t'oIo' t~''.'hui 00t. I 1.'alloo~ -me.' 11-olo.h. J41~AW- ;elkrlr omtlo 1 I' ilo.iol . In 1iol lm.t .'i'Ito IN 00. - exo 

tO..ii a;.qv-ar. awl oIr 110tittor"iit- I'0''l.'migo -iotilalE. :114b "J'istooi 14 1 .' itoý'.o Ill". 5 "10' 4 maitlnt&~f 

. . . . . .r. . .

tt'lattjti'%l'l" tIA N)-4ittl fl1:11 111 4lit luisi v~cierlit hia-.a ringq.., :salvsc ioi!1t11i stin hcnffslinal mtotion. 'Two 

htail Ust III- ''t-lith Irmat n Ii to lise iacrn'i'I qla-1l ait "'tuft glacss pslaefesc lrst Iiclitltin er~ il~~itdf 

the e'tirn'q' tiiiie' to reucinitflee dplinml t-vt-lt alcilit1 10+01,ec 10 v a 11n141" "lews~'t ligh. an' q' ae sut 

litalu cvt*illurieilizinft clime-nt. It .11-4 nt-qjilin'cl iittt'iu-t lw4-Itn lite' mrelage rail larnalel- Its it. tOn the C*rtSMs 

ilmitsu'natn. The s ulnai ravowga *a* asu..w "'.4~ o~4wf ar %I $A u tuiuns~wl,411. *UPPyIrteel on a 

hanell-Ac anti Stilwidnt ruijimirt' a-, itiletst'1 illicfiuin~stimin .(wnwv mrerp 944u10. Mandl an acasitifesy wujeliev" 

am h 111w siieri Araswtes. cp4,nw 11iviica lIvy -, 11ii'fniiiiter-ew ' ssW.1w~ alt' itesin al 

ranuge eel 10 einu arstel a lirnr'eicae, ita 0.001 em. All ecoliev 

Flaeih~siteIs imp .*italivi enl ees wi-T 1Made With Wt 

11~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 

tielfefi'~tr'ls (6AU&.t-r14,41 

ts llol''t' 14imie 1W iten-it11iminicg 

ft sivlt tlid, 

ou, zZle faitl ms-61441ef a rmfaletian isnecnete'rn""mint - 

Itl one lte end oif a V-ia. mladl. liha, pvrolosie'fu' in the 

oeuwateo * eise'e for the imste'tn'imwiut elo KttW4tsif rallia. 

tilat ("pill tilie ltsnude'r OU111'siuul 11".hit'Iillm' Was, 11wuiite' 

at tile Plilet uIwW it %was ele'etn-1 tee iOwstin' tile flash 

ifitensif v. q 

44004t~ 1 thel teltwiite41 ike I-OII ateet framne is 

2 ,eah', I111) "n, in le'ngthu. aljielnt itt isrdfjltateter It is 

list I lk'ttt-t't cea-, htol s 'tthsaw maeug 

ins give.Oa lusit. 1 sti'it,, it( the- c-te-iage tit the nacorest! 

aesMiliuwger. lisiuew else erarnae. lit a talisM5on siatch that 

the. ais.iliar v nsi4're st'ujwneuthee'aniagreten he fatotueaed 

ton it. is ant lm ar oteter tsacr snatls by the Genevas 

?wwirt v, slivisleel ill niillinsteire'; ass- arrueste to within 

0.XME mile at 20 C. T1he t%%s wrales sire ts'tified by 

4.4i'aAeI m wting the ca.rriage apilinxiasuate'IV nn a millimnete 

efirvi-ele,,, mark tan sthe lisp w4alp. setting the Clow bait 

11W *'Alwrcniflac.I ala1tinafieit aitll e'amiers,e wore eel Itheatem'iliaty isirnutirrim-le.li it itkillituetieferdi vjiiOtmot 

plae'es inil,el'a %n oll lintl whiel, htail teipes zalletit I I in,. I leeme-te hutt ine i lien. %t hilt' he eliling the taiertanieter 

in diameter exts'nulitut Is in. eucu'e,,ile' in Iflae tdirrtlesetn wren ttzees. tianiing thie. mrimieruseer weae (which is 

of Lw. Thll~aspvtvii''te lpaxeeAei t hreuim Ithe piiw'e and~ as lividJay a fritrtiondtetelnpp tint il the wmt mark of this 

eniermnoplueune mteat" Jayr the liaw sKAVe it tile prtier.- wt~er~ c'ine'ioles with its, Noetsteiall mark The swale 

tilerat- 

trivor~il file ,uuirieu'ttla,' titutr v'li v sfiejetile wall Vmainl ,eaafirie'ntly well in uslignittent orer the entire 

in thle rentet' I)( thle hlut. 'lii, shit leN, 4e tile e'aillernt le'ti~lmel, fitte' fih~imet t thaui theme is, no uncertainty. 

wpm 1? ispt't l ite' lu ther will fin'l rit 12 irmuainue'i oilan 1the' juirnitneter -wrew ;matrhMe to the asixiliary 

until the pvuijee'tile hail ltstmee'. niirnit'sei)x hase a pitch of I nuni. and its head is eliviel. 

eel mint Il0) elivizlions. *fltii the hinciituedinal position 

S Comnparatort for IDi.ttiree 

MIcasurrintflitoni Fin 

710 fule dtaciitaineel in a frtirlt ar' reetsnk'ed in tisp 

forint it( a 4ci'.c tist( orecisih inx misis A hich t lie tiniest t4 

is( tlw oesiverving suie'rmt-'uipe its given to I mmn by the 

lisp wcale antI ftc .01 stnt hyv the reachingaf the miewomvirsrtIew~i'' 

when the enine hair oft the auxiliary micro. 

-wecli is in enine'itenct' Wtith a muillimueter division of 

thle' eter liar. .\St Siestig frr'.et ionios ait sneredth of a 

all ezvt'ts ansI t1m14 fiimintctiielt' s- ert ti :111tve'ti% stati'st miilljimete~r esitlellifJe estimtlmufl tin the enicrunneter 

lfor detenuiteqh.m lse lttlce i'emnrshiiafe i'. del't'nuinietl by sarew, flite enitu sttinug 4-t the e'n"itt hir fin the divi. 

mlakilig( 11611111ii-P IIntectn'iV1tAit alecieg t i- lesigi I el lit Ii"12 Of flit'. stale 111aV lee as it1tueb all 0.01 mm. 

thei filial '1s14l iiiliinls~l~sticisg ls't wt4'111ei f l't iclit i InsIeue. 

lDiclntnh iu~~i'u litssatle' at right ainglt, toiist-e "A Prtutraelor fear Diffrit'setiatisits Curves 

lite tl cteit.e isl Illee'filii give. vaslu-se' ci hi4s'efsiantl a. 

tie,.o itie utcit thlen. i's :I eiitit itsitics, n-t'e'mn. Iltch 4i . 1 4.ie lcfieien lie t iii Fiuire' 14; ftcmiieshea ralp. 

tleee icec. '4'i.,I. :mtseatice'utwni t art. 111:1114. 161it11 a e :11141l an ltI h-is: itivic' hee fc r grnlilkiial dift-ih''iittintion. 

lass-Jitir. A.Mr ti'd indraut-ter. elivichesl it, eegreece Wit h a vernier 

iliein' tesifais-tecr tloenist, #.( a Siot%':iv ,4.ct al rraest reailiz logte 5' mine. ice t'ittlilt-ism cwilt -s gear for -low 

alsiecaf 1'20 I-liit :14) 1ci1i Wile'. :1s1.l :1tt ciii1 ligh. 1-ii 1Icecetleec. It katitaslie'l lti flhe cf raighstcclxe cIs( a ihrait. 

alil f5 I i':vlicg ':c r"tg .e :al ant aicghe. cl .t . ji116 itiatline. 'fli ut'lice tirrvieig lithe tert'e toi he chitens 

ti'lec the c ft 'lie.1 siia. lii' Ie:siz a4 r . 11fincit afe't is 1iS61ettl el flee 1 leze-Amicg liecardl Wt thauzt the 

Malls- ' Va Slt' Grl'.'csrffcl..C'.e~iec . eirtc trrl el lt' p eimiavttr vii,'.. k. plarvil at Olt pecint %there 

efccs'utsi. Ice' . cjh e is reijfiiii'ch. 'hue pi-cit riste i6 thlen tuirneil 

CON l OFTI U

P.J1:c~~j-li.,m 

%LUSI~iiiC 'im ks 

if~n 

%11*4FS INTEIOR FO 

boY S4,tu61i T -if t)i~iioui A, ~lC.1.~ tfu' (ko.' 

h I.owtir v of:v~ thir Carviolee lm~ihtusm'4 

itik pwtferllo J)i%-;o I a 

ex'ENSi.m.tiineitola mi~titine for ir withu uiffenztt owittem of 

Lh ~~Ittimoiluriion litid. 

li dIrn imb itio, fti the ,"mijt~m-wn4- litilli-tir t'wI i 4 i.fo T rap ' 

gailli at (~t-&rVLvk soaitrilm.it iu Ilmw oyrlivir msriiimo 

iof thli4 .caife, i %iiv k iviun I p.I 4IrIl the' *1r 4i-i-ii,. 'rwt Pi~r ,i4e tm itiipi Airv thi- ,n.tgq itrala'W w atsviS 

i-K intl . ovm.m voroajin 

t o A-SiimbS 

77.. 

E:5ON VIE %I.- 

/l 

9SS

ni-al. ilwi n si fipIsm- . 1n11114114:iialv 

us11.1n114-11s ," I ul .14 1t Ie iii-reli a e eSo 

t144it' -silse64:4411 up fley -rullowo il:4:1114 446oaf liii pil'44"-engi4"er I 

i.e,'*-i.Ihi 44144 ti e 

tht* 61 ; tah~iia i IS t' ~ 1T I nfom~ I VY'tarii d P~w 

544 

i mmommoh 

111'slout :-w igtt4ithI i4 

h"'uloo-d-i1. Ih. , W :iiliV 1114w11.1f 

Iuonii'i',h tha1t co.464 16' 'i 4oal~lt nt'4 11464-106i'rt oleh~44- flir 4414'4-iii-Jous' tpi'n~ioiii li'oo tI.i ini OfsInfo 

:& i shar hp* nw-A,..rn. "mwu, mpnqtjio. imultoith II *i lit44144 4s4 1t111,; a si.gnal44 

(""Itn a4 1Niess416im'ttlrp 4'f'ta1 4(14640 loii'fti'i in a lios. 

'til *41144ii4)Ir. :,'141i4:4 4444 ii( 4 ithisriliI -414 lit 441i44 4' own-l toei4l4'I44I'i four t 146 moro4'unhit6e444 '4 444t4'. 

toi4'4'416e 1114.' dim-i.')14 Ist-II 44:14 iiii4(gfit j4Tttl~,1t iii 164 'ratit446. 1444644. ppr-6.si41'. and44 biw.es hificon.f4 1 

noti'1-644144 flit- 4141444441' itf fl'-4ýJ-6 :4 . o'i( lisp. 44 ill :tit ijle '1". aI-hiif JiMljait its' 144 kin I4kffew h wi4' i f464( Wave in 

U41K44III I.Ie4anlq.IP . 1ios 1iIp iii. 4 444 114. 6It "'%iifolhivis(~t oI i iesi.gnuirlg file 1-1istill i444'444 Ixtr't* 644ital4.14 'Iiti414 t fit A 

j414i444e1 thI trigl it. .. l41441 liflifi lilt 6 4 111. -I'li 

ITi'r6u tile. 4 %n fi'441'ti Is' *oidiji'o 'It olirinuK brinog. '11444% i a ntlertooh 

4( -italtlt ;Iia ' 6"144' ,4ii4444tI-4iicit l 

1441411:41 44' .141164. tocllo 1 eH'~ry-a.:6' 14'16% ir 1 a11 pl4c i'44to i there Wi 41116W1 

( have I." 

tile' M1114430 IN.'twI'i tfill' lhnifijl'-i'p:tijl 46 tile latow- 64444. 41'fl44'l. Medum'i464l'4 

(34rto afoeffo' thea 

ref14iniements4144 hal 1*I idnolmt44ue'4tl. 

"'Itlltjllic N111l41l-Va. 416grive'sI 44! 6'.-in~l4441,44'4 toj4fl t~it i'4ial4imt, the ptorioiure 

14An44 nilnI444f4i64 Itef" 44iii ;1 1114 f w ' Itrii.'r 4list.'Ain 111P -14(44:61 forare. il4it4ainfrol I'm1 m the tharee t'ype of 

:11the~tt44 Imoinn4i44g 

6 of tiou 44141 #iii 444' 44a4444t' ie ual:' ga464tip% wenro1 vi%4flA.4.44' inl %1:4taloo-tifttl4( the firone. 

attrl~lcol il` ti htitiig lipuin flyIsosie =,oo wt itiniIl tile trie l lr41' ime. The11t44 plasPrt Of the torrae x 

14:141 I44ks'41 jx4tt fill- 1444itoo 114'. St'tt't'.tl 4464'4144641%tn 44('fl' l644411iii. Iit all froaeoe-: ltorthernore. the isno4641I ,4or44* 

mulotiake't t4i4 Iimpov t 114)4444 itratio646ut. 44 44g. 4444iedual linei. 4jus4 mlls~ii,1.t't ill -JP 4144 64141411. Spet'u41 M4'44l~'~4enfts 

-4. .1. too ha 414'4(14't. 1444 iIitia:41 a which4 was441 441 f T4% 1' iii' A-'llhe that4 th4in p144 of t144 6444(1446 worto 144l0444tourint 

-.4111Y 181itiI the frondtt Was4 colog(614441. It 41fins4491o i44 wilt ile lck~~ I' 4 .1444 j cliziiitl pipltlaint14fl ps popi4 tile 

4`111 i141444 UPi4 'MpiI ' Ilu 14%44If o it 411.0 fromi iflu-Irm't ii' '.14' ir41 41ttitouit4414,6.161 tmopeItmigh44 144.i)(toifi4'llflt ivi444t 

uith Ix' f-inglI144414. '14414111% ill t liarfgivi4. pr 11 4(144 44w-i. i thac '.1 oull4%'4(4:1 tit 6im thit , insgniicate 

'it 64 

4 

anirit 

1u.6 topI (.o.444rIcil.t i : ll~ muiltt', 44'fi t-444 j:,l..oittl irtn gsetid l t t164 46446441 lits 4144' 4 al i f4 lit Ilk4)im cl tstJ64j64' up the 414411 

atn'g4ol ( 41664'.linift' af141'ter 4' 0 441t4 ~4i441l t r"Ihflt ii 414. 44444444l f-11Il 4'tle4 o 4fri4 14 r 4'44'i't14 o( :I I i njet41t the4(4 n*4 i64il4 1 46 

44464441% ile 664'ii 14' lliI144144 *'644'6656 ipoi~t4i.:64 i ± 441 l.'4'tm T'tn I- liate iii' 4)4 erti~ 

1 4.cp4a..6r'4i4g4' ± 5 444 10 t 

tile ileas1 li'te. lispfi'rlthe 4664%I '..il: ir ii ±~ilri 4' 4144. .14441til tha4tC Ia 

Imvoaiirr r4444ti-rm~iilmt41 wai" 

tipasa "Itt'4hqp1.. . 4~id- tg4li.". lot44 re.'au t hat~ .. :rlite. uf4 (414444,4 

Vli.Aio, 44441l'ilail 4141 14'444 flit.4 Itel pi' 44:4 4,441 s444Im 4'2411Iw4 tvisit4 floor'14 otrrtimfidtnmu n. 

4444:4~4 ± It)i466 10tm 

iti r6a4I g4 ± 10 I~ts 

o A 1 

414'lip Ii'Irattilif 4'6 ut' t i 

'1I~m top446 4 4144 1 Ir 464. ol 

i4464m 44:4 i4'6 n4ith 4444 -kirt A I''imittar v exim W't1wittoll %% 4141 i '.46144 3-441. lpri'ji' 

i' .. .li iithi or% . 1:iI4441 W ' :44441fu f'444'6 Cr44 fhile 

1:4416 '7"41 Ne 41 ttf '. 4461 6l-a il . 444 14:1 4 vil 14641 .f ir144 '1.14441 tt( .. 444'~444 1go*ol ,44..1 4 6p- w ý.1 . . c ho-rlmA iii ot,rf 4.4.fil 

. : .444 tg..i. 4 4 4 .. IN44644:4 144 ... ......14 '' 1 44441 '4i64444 

N4 44:4- tiiimind l 61 N-o. :.1 -mmg44:los144 44144' gl444' lu 

l6*t.4644:-144travoi-. Th.Illa' 44:4(414444''' 464 f 4 

6 114 

4-%rai41 

... , .4 .4 1t-mm44 It~~ Mic 6464' 4".4.444 

~.44 ~ i"w~~'' )'r. tt i 

' m.1 a4 

*ft 

4'tmir i44 4446:4-6rieiv 14144' 4 i6 11:41 -164.444'4 its t ilt. fl.4.1et 4.446 . I..:' Ur 1...4.,..t.. Al.,*,44 44611 4fvo Cmoln4.l 

go",6 %4:4- 4'..im4:0444l ;1- :1.2 4644. 1Floor 46444al~m .. 0 f 44 .. 44 4,, 4. ~ l m44 .i4 4 '61w G 4.l*hysr- L.4.ifoor .4y.

0."1 1j F4YITI V. 4. .1 411 i 

:it tin O :NI-n,,, gim. ilu n, .,ni %%a- mire-f.J..lI, dier. 

ingth, I;,.:1 1 hol4. *f vI,,1'4 f*no. fiat, i.. aSl- t1? 

gv'I. M,.-9 4* 1116. wm1VII-i 1 0. %tie~ MOILM-1,.i to~ * Os 

tow , A arl. 11,ttI 1 N0 '1~ 3.tv :I~ hwll .I,,43cdeiry onf- 

1wvn-wlilv r "ia ,L'.- 4I U1 v. -Alirk ir .. -Wv Ah Imil 

0s-mev. nth ithr,,h .4 tprt,4. l)..ning th. , 11-, Pa 

lo .. twA uin. 

11~f.01.0 

,4wMivv uwmm...4 s4,~A#instiomi rft to 

CONFIMATI X

(1411te( 

HEATING OF GUNS DURlING FIRlING 

By IL L Ma~rk- sad Q wui 

u I NTlOI.~~ LTION tltermil1 stra00I'N takin in 14.,'tI1inntimn" With hlfand andi 

x vT.cm the Imiltul~eit(o ttyperrvolmaity, tile nan all a too fill ulge~.r. Wet tnuly e'5pvlt inipuiii'tot 

411ItaptImoonneh ml sn on-an In.1 that lint 4iwImNinntin 

thoo ""TVi '441w lam' oraifr This pt...i.& IV fa . 

expwriniwntal intn@'6wl 

44~ir 1614arotu 

4f saamoouoriauuvu of'1 hthe 'sma 

rmnauw. mamolha&.'4 "I to-A 

flomanfilativ'el' Iro' hwn'n-ing t ix' anmount to( psonul.'r r 

qualhitative.ly by iti.ign ~:Imm'no-r withI agat atnii 

giarvr-noIln.f'1al'iedtlwtpu't. 

Thw liimit.t~inistnnesft fronner t' Ow ba are well known. 

Whens the latter titeilmol ts nrc'il III enveininter higher It lMEAT lIrL'r To) TIMl IIORE blRI"ACE 

lannie ternllt'itrraw . otil- ItlIII n"'hi nltt tesacrattro ( 

the gain laitr, aortae,' lavei.;tlen aaritoni-y high. If we 

ruisitu ne with thistia ,tretio,41 flatowt tetttja'aatoirr this 

haightutla rtioof fire nutint;,imtel in% attowntatic wentitta1. 

theif~tx'itot~ sit hea.tingut git~intiauiangi firnag iscritirol. 

U of antude th nrg e 

artd fth nryLs 

A cotaiphir anu.lsi'*.if the distiatloutittt 0 oftle 

ent-rV n( flat-e charge ia given~' inl SNitftinn C Item we 

an-t loritisittirly vititti'inti't wilthfie 1wuemmntg, ':4 the 

The thmnalieffectsnoreain inillortlint fartnotrinero,'inn t enet' exqatno"I int heqatintg Itlie pon; tor putrlrpn~iw ofl 

owl in adidititn" i.wer the t~ialer -Im'nglh t' lit-e gain comittitimin, liittnetir. it i,' vnattenimo i~t tvow'nlpaw this 

fwateu. Miminnu I was lin-reforn intfir'tewin itt w witih flth- kinetic enervy osf tle psojeetile at the inns. 

IM4 4 lyoorl borut iupaa ta t im mass. tile oli,'trinittion u( air. it ia4't.ttmiamo tevia~mpiau'thstuutw t. 

best in the latnm+1 the p qut t~b~~4crrnl. ics on i h u~4 

#,nul in niethodis , gaf in vomtling. 

.11sai reattit of th-e~artilditip. latr ktnswiellpnnq'mrn a, 

ing heat inlait frami a single riotittuu. inimtit fronti a liit'irt 

EI. rcemoentwil" as enrly na 187 0. in which fifllo toooiag 

blac'k jaiwiler were' teat(ul. inadicated thatt fiom 

31.7 tii 311.3 per tent oft1 lie tootaii romergy of( the laowder 

* 

ow a e4irs of iiisr't temirttiltnton'ttainvml itiythe Itm' 

auerfarr. Critircil to-itoperatiret itn firing. .11nu i ethoilk 

was~ alm-Prlwd by file barMe. A Liter int'estigotion"I 

Iitt 11gins $rixen hettt inptil m'.tnging frum 4.2tv) 17 per 

isf prttiling has Ilamn gn'oti" t'~tehl Th 1tapltfietimms 

u( this klinotwicIltse in the iivhanutatof infprtiveol 

rent ifthe Ii po;uwdier laoitential. 71c, Ptocrp' bakiaue for 

nme iait fired inn a ifle hams Iteen iletenninced in a maeri's 

machine Vinl lxtrnel'. lit linaing nor jh~atiitg them haa Oft ':Ini'fiilli' einniflolell C~XIXrìMtA.ata. 

Iwnc n( ulefinito %-nline antil nil &till in tfeileig k iftran Sin.e t19.16 a naittoltr of teneaarormenttt anti ealm'tla. 

failuret ltygwervelowity iting. lua ltnirttciat. tlr-rIten'iin tont ti'naiferara'dixtriaitiom hanve flown nimlae. Tabh' I 

S 

ixw~fumv 4141Wtga h tia aiItl lits ,inhtttlii ht 

efire alo' heat inpumt %%a inow,. Itiik tn the tietelaips. 

anent of alhlt'A nit ItIh 'ltt'ietti 11italitit's %thiiuh will umake 

ji ulpf'''t the tt'ailtsio iotainrd Iby n nitmiter of( ex3X'T1 

tieienter ttir tarinint gills". lIn Tahlft 2 atil 3 .arr given 

roh'tikiti'l values fair ts'jtieol gaitns in a Atnoilar nainge 

themt lsfatistailry Us Hllner ear rwottinrlt. flor thle olain. of enhihiera 

aitifare at temperatltirms Moivte tipe ini'ltiitg Isint int 'Iì(,'.m- taibitkr limiets:fges al nota, oif etni'. reptre- 

.atii'l. litw sei-inh fuormictilt litys ist ret'iewml itt M'ait- wmft n','itilt m otivit ire rwintpletelt' enitiparabie. 'l'io 

ter Ill. jaa'tiri. ii,4'u tvtr *: Imineiver. for the kttgi,.e pins. till 

A~ Ig'tter 1114ii rtih',.tii g (if tile hent hiliniit I'o Pt n t .ii'dr'. huive Mhuime'iitirl itit'sm" rho, to, 251k)t N. In 

lonad friui urn tmill ita,,ailagzui i nit It 1l1.11 fronitttNi,611 I5.5.3: ill is'Iemn ithlait hent inpt~t i6 a1 liteitor 

S 

laituelr gzairs i. lip Is' al' 

_____________ 

ini .~iih~iril. l fi-ie affipt 411 feintttifi 't of lhe 1izittia ta'iitto-arit ttre dt tile jaunvqls'r in a 

rnlilt.'r r50 pmi. 

*Tw~airt tii-~a 'ii' I.\ )11'.I 'f-.'~ii~~tn. *'llie i ita ava~iliIable.are 11m, linviiti' lit drown vttalid 

infl5 

tonhi',. ..i~t.. . 'Ii I .t~irn $ i.' *ttrc'. L~iI.m,. *o'iuidtj. it aL., I,- the' finnt~iit mial a. lat tmn-Itip I at n con 

Ct4'~l ;Ililwr andlatmat injutia it 6. laiknei't't' atqý'lft~. thlit 

orio tna4ili-o.u .4 %%*;,.1It,mg~. ti--it,,.i t.I.n-. n.aiit. I, ' etlil ar thi~'s.ii, are i :ir fitlte lowiner tot. 

ItPa.Pmt, t~IA.'r:,i'r-. IK~'i Pu thilirl. P,'o ... . tiv; ... io. it-li iAi I i-an-e tuitt'l inte, h1a ultt',iM '11i, i6 in lino 

911 CNVIDE ri %

WIIV T laitT 10 TIIV KIUHK %it'RVI:K 

TMsz 1. IN n..wue ad mwra .4 gu.=.t 6-t Ity l..,#ii~j sit ean .mwimlrf I" that .wwrvitva by I'lli pmji A "WaimOues 

AWAW go am 22 0 is 1 

va' ?-Ab4. -ua%" M14.LIýh,. I:i.. M.r.d. 

7110 .6 ~It,13: 4l .It ad F 9A. .0 h '09 Nit...bU. 

.~ NL41 .,.A 

Um. i A.6 4 1131 3 aim. 

Ttuax V Po.uviý,dx .4s -inu to-tar-e t by4h Iwalig 

ofw gas " 4 0" to that o"Jilms IY the It d 

it hjilao INV i huwn" that for a ps tecrnwraturm it( 

25ftO K ahmpr I ho.t at th. mq4sini, the rmaziiuwm rat 

1-- 1'. Kue IgI~ aibm -auaii 

ei pm. 

CM" .10. 37-tant, V. 4~ 74nm. "4. 16-l". tuinixwrdture. r. IlIn- It.iperuf ilre of the loge irw,.gfur., 

K.11. -iid 11..uIf 

Ilietie .4 Via IN 

-3 3 

14 

23 

a 

2? 

a 

23 

7 

2% 

3 

#1 and i. are lthe t, ionivitjemm, andi* ha,. the vahi,. 

I.36iX 1 tt3"itl rirn per on perfmntrth po-wt of 

*Cy'..rn T.l&, Iia Orntdýi I - k.4 em..- Foaiti.-. - a- 

.q.mint al-. 1b. b-4 &... .-A 1.i 0.It .4 fr4=fiee 

- Jim- dgcvreeof lm itu.At this .utc the hare mtr- 

IlemperllirI. %-114141 

T~oz&*~t o-d-at d v~lq IA b 6s. rentipntuim4 Itihl1'W iliringn tile firIing of the very tarie..t 

intof rim. f"iiMajoul 1. thut M'pirmIif 101Y th JosIF wI ia.frkimlSa1tit-t 

Itq1166-h vr*A."a 

2-pr. 2Sis. *4. IiiTr or I.NuI.I1It AND NK 

l e. mixed univ Oabowt 3t1 

Gas K. C...mt*t. Ow,640Cvi~i llwerr ham. 6win a great dea of argnwrien as to the 

P.41M i~itt.l .,l. W A? $( -' 

T wablvra .9 34UP tf7 W--l 7-' 1&- 22.06 43-32 

K.)alpswio &20.7 21I, 1 8~~.1 41 411.3 

limaing 4. f va 0. 4.1 4.4 4.7 

Itmlrngdgmim 2L E~ -- . 

Tb mata al w~ 0% 4 -,,o va 0 £*A4.1 i 

u2lda Iý. T.... aA 

IlIifluhirta ofi iimv~itrusic efflects so -in-es of heat 

inimi.. Themto no recently am. I'M2 it wait titigaa,.tct on 

the miaiýi. of vtzten~ite e pe-rimatetalis -that the 

11111111 ,a,,mne of! trlientg 'f the xtrer Joe* nwo( lie itt theS 

trny,n"ofer heit trwimi the piailerpsaitthe waltefthe 

Imav. rn4 test in the tim-clutinictil mark (f"ti)n. ePrirv. 

in5 by th 111113ili, amnd 49i on) which um nteted into 

with the, themiry thvAt rnumat of the tIn-t it, tnanif..r'vml 

from a 61mainar layer of Camaem n-latively ditiar ft tile 

*wM6.-T~iamm.e'ver, was a ninvlvity opinionn and the 

ttvitw rimtiimismId: "It is- to he h~oped that tilt further 

6"rem ,iarfac'e, ,-ttlwer than frumin the nudm 091-d.reams, 

which ot-urpir% a Integerm itt 4llth tall voiitiie 

imatr'tipttioni niuty be caried thnough in sinter to 

wiie lietie iamtrre..ting qmt~'fuiiv no to the cntorsw ~it the 

in larger potno. heatig im.* ifthe t~orv." 

With tIN* in mnind, it wat .terdd 1w. Di% ij.on I to 

UJI Sotarwew of heat ls1 11" uminke e~iiprimm-nIA d itetrmimutions uf lthe 'teat input 

foriti ctgi~n 11114 frirlil it-sin ne netthuds of 

Studiem of tike rttiim- 'if )w"-.t iL, tit t4o tlie beion. war. mmnatu.-tlmni~lt." llevmiiie' of the inturrst in prc. 

1 

rave are nuimneameL,. in rloltisir "~~~t~.'" ~"I'lte etii~rii~tI privii4tilf-s (Serfi~wn 27.31. a logical flrit 

WHIMre gumul 4,1M.trtqiit ly Ive 4I1:1'-.4fit m :14 fl : atitrn til,mrh ivinl tit Ive by a cuinipari~on it( the 

(1) rinialit r; ff1011 IIii Iv''i' .14?e *te-4- (2) imigeat iiiipot 'itt Iim-ditii:ry umui with pfO-4-ýiKgn1'il prV6. 

feirn 3i , I'akjie' pa lite rutito~igt I)3t1-I: (3) hi4-:tto 4 iih. migiqih m'hqwrmin ,itntir-ul t-obiwtlitiona 

epnr~uiiu~ng ami-I riii iil; (1t I r~ini-r fri-mi Ih 1w 3-4ý in 

a Iumininar layer im-ar the Imre 4omrfarr. 

tirt mem~h~~iil. *re mumde Ik the .-uhlmnitet rie 

003ititine *k-edtwm it% .'Ii-qtiwu 5.4.3. amt[ ano early 

It %DI %TIOV vairia.ti-on im th dwit, ffivu. 'if hirut ivtt pu. valiti i tor 

oltnnoit:,i tati pir-,i,-A-~-ii~l ?iI 2 builtit,.- iiem,itmrq nt 

in On-. lwa-i frai,,4ir #411 saitmlin )iga. .4 ... Wi i.4 Itw a, itrilm Iq aim ,u~nu hy 

Q - ~~(~-TM. ti) (*a&-- 

ommrvri %

lilt 4F 

4.1 

be?" Ieteitih f'In* 111:tonal~ tilitti lip el leit-00o. tif'ler'l 

IMe'14181POWUle~tot I':eek Q't l' nreel i rtai- I~k Ittwia teela. 

K.the liowe teisig e'sstiet. 11~tim,t 4-ll1llj41 tagt i'e' in't s 

iIw.:e~ e'tsile' iw' 6-li~tm e 6 e' f.2 n ena2.an 

Il'It mgi tal 113e, Ie a l 

gaen'rnI e 1 tith ttel iae'r 

mI elitaz b(ee' 4#0 rattens'rl aee,:ie'rnvi 

Itepet to( eeigu~o lie' :1,4 Pen'. i .at' 

eanel It t ietori l; trn'aniW nt ee at ing. IMM eraaterZian ine~ 

til. N13 er tew-Iit is Iwl~oialt.riwl Im " iresugiattn 1111ecnt i- 

Vowt thi late' oso a ftiit.dliiir-m44Vl 11ci-111 ell %.to''a grair .aele eie-gi :eiwee'I Inottvtl- Iia- 4.41 tlf'criflng. a 

aev'~,eimil. A lot-ivy 'eiIrialt tiimlpew.I (recti :a m istiteemeae m-e'ffie'ie'ea ee riet-li1 ef tlt as(411 : aso e:,leliI6te4i.U Ilased,. 

Imilcht if mI ft .41114k a jii.'teet whIich its taina fqrml ;& poll ttuwo vabel'. vitirvt leer I-atesl isf iwt gettnsl~aieet maiul 

ltqiiiet tiereeqegh titn ".4'tcrnravirng t- n %6* wla Wl sp a' P.hoeto eaeiiiei we'n. pieetteeti aon'irnre' tiie. :,anil riea heat 

umori-ewss *4 a~ .'ahlm' ..A) lourmI 1uA-mi v f~ivallv arne.& Imtfaea4e'naeit the looiwn- Purifatsi sewo a f"'ewtmb* eel pawe. 

e.ai1111ejeete INV a ia4lle 11 nieta 5't .'vljtlarntr. 'Ilia Hlcrieac : tec ieus it, tilIe lootv. It %%:too reisitcicill thiat. rs'ltc~u~nt en 

4ao a rriatwer: tre ll it.' vin' ill te'Itt4-aiwnatenei lilt- iie-at ililts l ist-e loore' mirlivil. is istaixiaeitt ei~igtlt allove 2 

iltiiett Ir"1111 IfirticllItmanl eig4t-Kwe -;l'i~lw. eaI. C1111. 

Fi'enititla,' elm' tee LIaewcr ne~n' iti'e'mlite e'tt t siale tiat e 

,aciporit iv'c sel the' 4enter 44l Otioe,, atiim le itee lea a-t 4141 

firisige'. 'lpert'tictll imelie':ern'e :li e~et le ~ 1 

iieeiffrl bodmm lle it %Ne'Vlat 11141 Tam:(ieg~* 

M,2 iii aappree.'aiuattly I 1 rn-asvtO -timrn also- tarn't'itsuica Im 

Nc.t:',t Tilt.: $t asrm. 

LIINl ~v 

,4Inmv4.eiaeiaeqtpedt)s"OAv- viat:.21mteeajelis-taaazzle'. IaNS. Ien1615P ale' 1e thip, neg-lerlatism~l 44ie tile' ornbtwm to l 

11inu oiet Itt ain 11tele' ~m lit-f 4e'eIn inm. i' s t%-l' freeern te' ee roolaccemltertl a. I1t'm' heiwelsort~ian 

Seer n-jeiae' Ulidlu cciiI 141im-tnitl-4ett il --ie 5e'lee.1. 14. nude i ewttpta lilt- Isoemitrae' at a veien'ity eel thceortertiIf 

tee., in t" lla.'taaNieaae61a Imase' ,'ertsai-e tr'ain 'Aatua". 111li" Veer sha ~~ee Vto flow we mayalso li4'tin thari~ry fair cin itleomf- 

'e'tiiing semtIneeietiiee e'jptteiue (lies varvimaeg e.tm-estiosat pren'.'dIe Ma' idj; thi-4iso i4jttimtiliall n dwi lle. maois at lfcpeileel 

l e' tips- ieen jeets eel in lag anl f ri'tjeernt tip liet'et lte'tit e.' thtat .'Iaewe-Il that thesehae'ar satell Arest~ tin the 

iliairtit. I lte 41c a't-aivt" t it(ut.n a Ilitnir hilatiwrtzea'tatie m . 

simaFirm -optf b leloewse: "Ititritec it"-e 4'tlgrevitg eel tih' 

wall eel a pipe'. (air glitta is tine aillan'fair eiem11prrs,,ibe'i easnS 

fAer iiita-eaimpre',seibak 1tail.' aet tile milsae Itcy~noda Ieetauntdivinieg 

ttical. a ,'itiot we'litsis eel thae Iearre'e s~airfaee 

"nar lthe (ofanene'sace e rifling wesy.tist weincl. Il' 

here. 

Ir 1141tv we' e'eette'iaie' tile lissetiol, ee( the ps" iw'.settrbunaieseee 

tee tive taee'llixtei aleepe'.1taan' el tis'le ttntld eir -, le'eal. it ns't'erthivoaie. 6e Ilia thant tilt t's'ictity' near the 

onaal thmaw' interval. TI'loolle'aturl1 e'ai-alvial ioin.4 t4ir' wa!.iietata'iaaj~rel itnernegh with a leargetgradient. 

aaewk'e. ilae'ieniillica iill'iee I" -inimte' eel this hreatt Irial*- At semeea ili-taiee i from 'etita h weilic. tile veoi' tyx~ apfer. 

healf it is teet leeittil too litillowile mdeegele'itarve ila- prtpae'lehiI. if-tatit ntmati vernitr ;" ual athmaigia the value 

e'tz.UCr eaes 140 tIeeMrptttne,, sawiwelte' tat!teaell itg lielitat eel ie( I iee iaet shareply' teffitee'e. thisi latneiner laeeyr 1w n 

tile IaarrH'. satnd in lit-e X-im t. atir gltve' tin jtire'fleew eel le'rr'l lee nsac filues. 'I'llee filtil t tttekarme '%facil. herim. litec 

only 2Wmtit rei d inele eegine' ita ties maiite mitata caoarfeas r-ate' id lit-at tnata,'fe'r 4-i'lx'esI thae e'eaeaeitieon of the 

tcenlat-it'ionen cat Ila t imie' ''etta'e ic'ut't to( ritliiisg. 1ime iseere' oetrfsarel. 

e,.tntectee a. pr'eeiu~altl .w'ce'riltie lilas' s hue # re'ct.' Itieja 

oitiCrl est ifo to lis.ee' u ir'tee itilitt lrneei flti n'tetat ingitc 1II.I 

in e'eeeilathilol wcs eith itlelalt renIivia 114-aeee'. ' iee elieeit,e0e'e 

liar haeat trceasfe'r riem-Mve'att h tmae'v be dlefineud by, 

M 7 -7 M 

(2) 

ite Se'e'tien 3.4.4. in wheicht Q) i tin' ct'teal inite' ref lte'.t trcansfe'r, while To, 

Frie't teeeat hee'at seantit wciliccl mitilte' lrce'ea eetr e'It- stied 1 To r. rtc''lre't Eiolv. the' t'5e1'ienelteio eel the poet'i- 

Kravetiea is ele.j ie'ree mle 11eal- in. ,. Ke'see'r Iv , ags-''im , der gat' tjt wycetet In.( Icameinar haeair) aned eel thes Im~enlitwce'c'r. 

tless t Oakei is re-tt i'Iv 1 tieeieetiert teteite Itt thaet sooeGifse, 'lie(-.' ea4ee 11 tile layeaitly im etit.e :aaluslie' it to 

it CW(-': tt 1 4'rfaue-igii ee'it-ei'ee ete maetin. elseeleait i were -m 

faree te'tlwraleigirt'.'. I-ait ilce im Ifm',, imeeee'r. :add alet 

preti'csti it' thea i s'l recite, capte 'I Itee gatl.1 As 112 eiIt i in 

-A -Aete~ cce- .. weatet te-aee-(er i" thaet .4 t'ceee,~ 

l' r%+-L.tett~lct,I ~ eeet.ceee~ 'ltti* II4 tul b '.ee 

imptra;I ,1),ib~ t' Ile 11.111V4cei tol cee:1 tIslastce.e A-.'?. A-201. ceece A-262. 11ie Uclu. ciecgl 

CONFIDENTIA~L

eV.Ainttr A its ti-mnil.- m in I u . Ime:t 1w t lo lq 1114. h'Ntm.. I Iif. nv-glt III:,%. Ipa a lft -xm~mileafie~l fit arl-h 

tmiiiii off *flo Ii.'hmam o-girfaver. 'iqmt ii iii iliffivgmlt lter 

Pitjmrify tlJi~m- ale' prrimno'rg. thvot ill, tim eii'fimm-tieie lis oi(*k' ' 

* 

( 

grive, 4 "llarmiffegi.. aiitu'irt-mr fil tf %41a :Ilt 1.0 'gem imirv n- 'fluV1;-.' i ao- 6 vin.. iaigg toiil ar IW=J i' m e~ht "I :Ng.. 

thitg 64 9" I N *-wmm rarn for Oirm With In.III fmqm. slesatoo n thy mntgmbiei'I elqpeii.60 (IL. inkimmus~ig the 

iim'twr.. A r-immmchitivg Isro-iciiii.i hom .i" htvveIwom- g~ foramm n-gilt. to* ufaigig tig- 14A~ i~ . ;in ifr-rlsrcl in -Srot-tigme 

In' .ili4ni an iomlmnw-io-mi foot II mmliih mopie aeijil,,tuilmlplan.. :. 1t. 1. .6 total ol;Iffir Knmlv. 

Plmmmmt that i. ti4nttql tootm.rig~gm'~i 'ime' mm ;Ill mme iie. it. " Ii se'lgiat isimnsifl mom ~mermh'iimosp'martier 

tim r"Imirmlat tnIMn thge 40ik.g44i1 iig'nt tgnmi.tc' tit vanr. amii .4 luarva helmeti. intr'lmmlitmg the fiemi (11,00 *lmi 

iowh ;i-omidcite in varmmiost rga tion enioiri"m'i vaigw 4m r'mgegImii~e" 1lt SuAl"m iol hv l'mI 'INLAmi'Iim amrlu thea... 

thiall "Inmm ant tha niti~llIni, :metilirrnlole'o Jos .Jims- on .. jugmgmpltiau lludi uipuz frag~egwvmii'qbm&aans4f 

oergfsami imf -all Kerne. T7gii lorirvalien- hlsmng iinive'mi t:irlt' trnim ft#.iig .4 itaow teas vi4mlir#l csatiosslpsor t. Artuima 

..ascwm- 4 imi. iotw o.'wga mii le'ateiI t nnm 4 ear rim-Mri~f~~etjo ig Pfinit ialm :m. eie.t4mrligivol iii.. gmenalggmu'ne'nl.iitom y imeranots- 

1tMISMIne,y ge tim. feje-tuit, mmol. wml'w life oival finimmgh~ irtmamge'fr at evmrmgmem gmlolistomin akmemE thoo, iun'rj Wassi 

rilie'l t 

wmm' .iomrilie'u grmi~l wr .101 1%imrrii4. -hoo-ei'i l imthat Jie' itherpsn in'iggtg Iav itmg~ lot c-liera tile miemmtIii~g t 6m 

pct.l4*nii* off lhii riflingE migmigie' soleily -I ti-l~ioiiimtm differ. Iml-riti~mm 4jIiti'mivaig thmml iti J id posal'-. to' fime .17-mrot~ 

CinMee 17mm i asset the. 34-n. Ivanm ant ('nnoarmlik. okwriWnl~ 

'TWP 11mccwh~~'~mJifiin hylaimlynamir'e~mu.. fuw Al igg (lmmjmt.'r 1. theu'cligri~meuttenta n-megIIi4iuw a A4mcdtiv 

(efoupom-v~ewitsI ealeaci... Jm'r ,g. 1mg.'n'iltititjlimotterfavor tire. joro'mti'm sh-miw-e' limitvammi time timlimle. thanm waas rarucoftbis) 

Oda M Jo-~a y usatdlatiy tm' immetimemasiim 

aii Nt)IIC repoart .l.-21a" - ~~~Few e',anip~le'. in the U-n. wotn. necar ltie a m'iginufm 

t'ifitiimr time rNttm-flmunimlal ji"qIfai~l" f istalic-jto an inwh-em 

e, mal the si~'aft c- lmatea. 0 time .leifimiat. I' lime' ii. total. meimmolt tooig aiffe-tomt immeftiumulo, to( 25. finad 211.7 

laxiy u( tUme pmiwmlovr gao. relief km 6 an m'mmmtmicie'ml nman pool c-tlms. wom otoefri time- cmeimiiteileto ifilsit tro 24Sp&A 

mistat. the (nc-taut fnaoft'o air Falkammmsim nwfiahert. x )a 6~ craf'o. X'nM-r" Jime tilliizie.. hiiwu-vc'm. thmg' e'ahutgateirc in-S 

tv~hted to time loom ijaimeetm-r amid tommo nimIgmam a . pet-Ieimu wcvcr treomi 211 to N1) Ix'r re-nt hilher than thiaso 

naimeter f. which nmmmc-mmaem,- the- atim'ne.ufi .am- lite. irrwg. gglw..'cve'. linthe Jim- s oopf the .17-mmn won. T47. tmt-eag 

tiiamitmioo oen time loinm qtrfavpm. iDiffei-t'#t e.5tic'aviium,o at( F\ I I-M.5lsomill fawetinal firing 1 .6.24'latmie'mjc-titevs nith a 

fhiia rt~strmei'.imi am remii' m'-mtmim if lii. .iimfmme, its Imydri). mititzzle'u.elooily'mi (im~lookm timer rnemtug-i ni,.mt nene 

dyninaaaielly "omsmeiith- (o, < In` rotsmi. for' "numligi" file' foipingi avi'rVAgi Z1.5 res-al cno' cas e'ipemui 'kith a 

(f > 10-6 roll. Thme hattle~r 'mtmiitiaorn mltiimemmtw c'ritmjmii a-mmimgi :im-#2.1;wm. with therml l-wkg it 

Apsa~ilem irn waine. lomo~e-r time- no-fa't mms enlega we-.l 111.4 Cal CM2 asS 

Thme appiiralitin -of ralotaltimn (3) tim time rm'aie'imimtf"t aI~icinmmmm a u'tliidalelvtn imimm-t i r 14.1. Aapanm. aefmrer the 

of lion, fuemmffavc. 1etmiloiiilmm.nIm. "last heat immindg its 46iii nmiezizlo he'tmaiml --v4-41aviomlam..tell (li-otma-aeuae 

e'taaemsee in "-lawm 4iu'i ,it ill Si'iti~in .5.4.1. T11 me.1im'tc-rm-eil '1114". "1e 1 Im-ImItaI.Ag.itlote. giwigi c-onulrnmaticme of the 

aelyaiti~viii i4 ime gm nw e't.nmmfid mm ii osaicmime~ntolit( hemflnet gi'mmm-mi mie'tlmels mIAmmi;,iphmvc-il imm e-mic-lmiainm4 the imemla introoanili'c' 

near time itrimrimmi I lofo g.; f~i m oille'r i .50 bmarrel put too ltie' jiire ,mmirfztga. lThe dihergc ne-4ime~ be-twe-m 

leimmin Jti tlwiol ~ate at( x gi'.e't iM. Iheimetrm amidl "Istcllifmg'mm Immiy h lim ee to gti'errolI e-uwe'g. 

X Sltidpvt imf fle- friviiimmitmi mcgntri~imgmlimns tot the. hmlninr, 

A mal 4.2 + 4 hmmggs D)-`1 battlmemm in the. a.:midaimm oi mn trcerni whirch 'c~iiatil-rn (4) 

mehe-im- D) 6 timer "m-ij'r (ot time' win in ei'cltilgmc'leroo. anomi giirivei-i :iniaal in fathegr winses. weculii latiest to divier- 

In "Prw ,mv. iiitlmiit ig mm. l-rieiIin &g-t iomn 3.4t. xvtigi'. off thei gionigr 4m 1 tim 2 ic.;:itm'i, it thmr fric-tional 

pacitimmt 1iie Imoo ha iiicni Piimplifiefi. I .iigg finl avernigt. hinor tvmrii-, c-clmgti te- Jim- filia't l lhm-,l; time ratios III 

lazihlml %i-:tmitle tair r., :%fill exprvii'-not p in limette. c-mm rii-t ii malm (em 1.071 ii iiiI. it, vet'caminiy gt-.ite-f near the 

VeCmmiclt uMitIN oft Kram- mIwo, eia'ri' re'fit immgieIcr. 'andmm Cf oimiltimi'. 1lie m~ Iitttii-m I* tg'i be'r i'~itemtm.g'ii li It lite tact 

in i.Mx tipt see~ haep mm faimr numgh lm ives', thmat flie iii. t immirl lggis , t N4n ilimeirmV. talmlm- in- 

A - ~ ~ (5) tgglleg' milia- filial ImivaI Irinmm-A~-rfowoo tha- gay's, %he luc-c 

timeI l 'mimhiiriti:mI m-:11ifrtmr~lol Ilufimiim thamt isli~'l . I t it-grive 

Fear qw..gguh laipe-m, Al mmmamv liei c-o:Mlmltrl imm t.'nmm, of viewitit ii 4 I isvim~ v, ltti.tie lio mut tra.n;,ifer trom the 

pl imee . Tliem i~jne 4 imi'i imit. ic--n iten.mu mc i mc-, w frioimi iem mid ll mi other c-mis-ro. 

CONVIE~nA 

Ca

Variations in Poirflarrn. scightieso ,.rfficirnt tor Icause ~i,,alu~cit46 finaally ti1.a the lw-st selkAMuNla' was. nearly 

variatieanse in Ihe-sct inpilut aaav toetr Ias-tvtt-n pill,,. and 

Ivnat elafferent Points sAlonga thelaesIDIOf tla NItc Pan 

twirr tlaeaullazzle tqser~r. lit.- morrroopindinegII c-'iitufet 

elt- ahrlaxiolalsiasn - ,.sa ý2rfaew tiemnperrnuin. ti~nx 

paun. 

U..e 

Finaklli the. actuals taallisticA mayi fiffer fvcsass Vsalsaer analpisice wax only f~ill V. 

t.."ss- i. askiwe tisa o aaalts -o 4Cr- ar iM-W *. Ti cti lost- tseaa tin lapilw"I tuoal~itai 00;~ Aprunanspie. 

thoe tiaewa taknro lost Ne"aInaft 4al a JPecciWs AMsate inpo.t in It watcioroc~wshcel 40-mm Sary Xm on 

tenmperatuesf gradlienet it the- poswder gas doewn lten which frt.'esaaenteare ec i-awtiou net were taken. Inlet 

baruel. sunich an Isasa In-n ealosere- d (c-f. Ser~tion WS..1). anti ouItilt water fts-seegrntalirro were- rcml (eto Iaurs4tseal 

I' 6Aefr tihatasltlsoirgb the furoaneLaaenittstraioelit thaat .5111anl ktill risnslsesnle-raaansat ielctmirasl e-esndititcaas. 

hrut transfer ins prinrijeaslky 411W toa forced rcmvretkwa anti forar IMit-'smmae burme with AtinM i-arialtoen. Cern. 

is ou~nndly havedu. a inun-h grioulrr lseacly it( "Inj-ri. %Wptqst nyacltsawcu olasineielin "h thra.eae reov 1.voefta 

10ta r~idd a anerqllow heflorr we c-an aeparnifw thai 

re-liability of the reislts tea a dl-ricr whricha wilt crnalote 

thei Li-A so aeo ilmotteaium she hta&L vw Aelmpkin 

25 mm-c- a peak tentperature 25 -rntitraule dVpew 

usn tit weparate the effectse I)( th- varioucs fartieme. ablavew theor ceiginal wax attainedi almoset iuaarndaatrer. 

afterward. Kate.ililerissaa inlet and eaettlet tt-aaperattirea 

&S MElTHODS O 1W 1 i:ASL Il-A lNT OF 

were na-lac-ul apptneximaate-ly 31t titin later at a vahor, 

14 ree-timdaelselegs-s ulmeeve the, initial vuleae. T1W ntor 

1614 

HEAT INPI T 

Oveirll C-.1oc-ianwiric ~Alethods 

imagit li-f ntseene after this pr-ned act e-esalieg is tLO0 

Cal niet' o.f low" viorfae,. if it inaxso W filiaaejtal al1 thie 

water it teed-1 esseaxialonks h-9651wriotuaw, the a~vorilti 

The early attemptsa Ito nsc-nasen- heat imaptd were jianpi per neumne i6 10.5 i-al corn'. It xhoeuald be rrlargely 

ofC a di"ee ealesrinictrir type. One invecati. marked 1that 4he m-elirtieac eto input with ouecreeeeire- 

Xpor6"mtteassuredl the rimeg in tew~imaguurr to( n- alur-tary rootaneh 6~ nost ets. geat ao jam a pun witheacet waterwith 

which the Noe rof a rifle warn filled: frscia this rise- rooting. 

thebmet isput wmuaivalmlatcel. In a lateiexpe-inotent"'I is n tutrvollr"'' at Al"tIee-n l'navingl (ri)taaad of the 

the hot pan barrel wasn peat in a water hcith. heatt traaadera-v- teo the ecartnelg case r atyA ( caliber .30 

hIN6 method wasn also emeplioccl in -.c asarra, prec-ise macnhinae gunes. liseth sairn-ciotee andt wallte-lo~tSlo, the 

determinations dewecciboilocW a.' falluwit: '171w lirnen trasnirat 'aearisceaifusegaawittityvif waterntoo swhth the. 

ofl the pim-.. was suarroutndeld by a thin-wallod 

cylindr-ical Awret-metsel jacrket oaf almott 4.5-em di- 

.a" wvielropwlied aningtlae firing wa's aaaeasuelbhy. 

san-we. 4amstcr hrnenec 

meter. extendcing frasen the intiude almoset. tit the 

In "I h... duiring the tlrinaq. spin mand etawl jsac-ket 

wire etie-leasee in a wreauste Isec. Thie jacket was, filled 

uj Artificial I leat ing of the Barrel 

whith 1.2 liters. of water. goa that file- entiv-e haosret wito A astaapl unfun zsatoar- t ti fieetrnaey of Ili-tit inplit 411ar. 

in a water laatb. A stirrnig rinag wax movused up and 

ileewn je. the water. The waster m-eiiiyah-eut [thtnassal 

capacity I of the whosle amaunKe-lnieat was ollfaitsaee- lly 

ianseinit stram tltnjtreah it.inag 

tiring is tettrn aejsaclare by osther mnethoads the ternw- 

lit-aii tire dtristnatieana, that havwe Illicit esltservedq tltar- 

inKii f.riarnga Sucah an isreseigtiaal ca arried tout 

iacirng a rifle has-rl- itself as a s-eseiAtancc hsnesatr 

It hats ltc.n peclinteml ernt s4-106 that a nasagh dt-termei- . shlet was Frvde ereay W see iantila rias-ttcnr 

ranstiesc ot ingpeat is peaesihtu wiiths lte aid to(:a mswhlisse Plate-~ w-L- armt-hril. with an averzage hsesnul tveitinprpain 

havirng a ecaelieag j~acesct; heat ttac ha~ptitse'tiva:l ex. teen- elf 122 C. tit thu- mivwnd part oaf thei excPeainect. 

:isosple given wans taN.-.e oat1 t11PMe :esuseatift jets eef esIntant !aIo iasalat-41 el4 Insalgsain wvire was pusaseve thrinctgla the 

ittacetl pN.er nestide. 11is oluet lseel was.% 11aplaieds' tea a1 tam-I. :asail then In-ate-e tar earIr-tat freacas as stors-age 

Meawace c-aliher A)W 1j1. rifle, scithI thle featteewiiag re- las tary arnrnaiti an ecitaivalent Slide Wax M1-110ace by the 

-mills: "if thi Iaieeteirk firivig rifle I- mitse ititallY it alsitict tean-nt. 11cc iaslitt fomt the wirr was. eastes10atte, and1 

CAPF it wilt is.d it ates- saltr firiaeog elme st 4AX rsapitl fnitsa Isis A tee hcat iaat n-Aaee-etoIy toiae sheet1 Was c a 

roolaiaes in Aplsanet I! M ilsl.; it Wiltlt tcit 4-1111111t i tea teace 1et-el teWn in 2Icseie. 1-A- a14. t ls- ccatewis atri sainernif 

t-Vnllll#Jte W31sr:tt c sa I a e ratt -of 1.1 1 p'aats lw's- I ~ iiijoist too lthe haitl besre-I. 

r-icjiae recase, I. :lalont 2.2 iiaiiimte-e I. Fmcasin thr-se d ata A e-filin-aetat eaf of sis saill-a leeetlass lw-i 6-n n-peas-tet 1w 

a Isa-at t r-iaaisi,..eass eto 1333,:1 ý; 11t11s lx-a- mlieasri- lmasa lrit i-I aceai~tas.'ltaaiset are fire-cl Me a rat'. 

eel cotaetsr scisfsea- tn-a- lisir xa-As c-eeasehscet..l samla it wvas seect t tiae a st1sa141 Y eternaul ts-lata-raet trc e listrsitserticaca 

0 

CON FtlDlNTI %L.

tornoopor tvTn~u v%4tn~m,*4ov 10 

CA NS11.VNI1 

.1 

S

WAs it 4rn -I .4or(arsci I''- I o1 c 6144 i t I flItII i IscI Iac I aesi ItII: 'I'la-' IwcIeIjocss fois :I ~IsIfe'e't t ini,.,i-siiq rin~g.in OIPciG 

~ls'ltl ,&IAM.ke 

ivuetjcii'. Ant fi'tkc'trival beNilt ira ~a catf cii~i 'ifi ;I sit-n ist ON. Ilane' 

;jviral aif n-itaig'' v ee ccix-1 :s -eas lc sns. i'. I III-it Onee,4.es~vt n~cul we~nt oshlie~ns-s lci th vwalltaeu4 

iiuwrovv~ info* the. istrwrl. Tie.- jonwivi sit - ths, 1tewo ci mtoos@ rp rig ori kwhs - It gui'.. alaw~i~is-htt if o input fir- 

I ieOjs' ties' no linti -mici tCl IitsI he - tii ,'tnw ' vil i',ttnial to-rlhtillt:st01, niea. r Aie' otitgitit rifii ng. wlwffv ItciWC 

i.tiitilil ee:,ata..I Frsan tic'- -' 61ta. iii' ti-t t rill" ns' is. ai lLts's~ ater' an' A'e L'srgans' enciit 44soopej 

atv Iw'r tin -.n-% oil lit- Itstion' curfae,' jW~r nialnsi 1-11 leor %%-.I k uusysslqi. I Is.. ihruv't 41otreitC It( isorti~ists. anti dleeh'luosi.'ee 

It 4viesslit istain Iso- noelilts tha:t thi:4 stll vive ! .I 'ratin #of 1i1W iwos.,,hposl sre.ult ("si ftirei ncg.. 

too ,sati4:1414er fear 11aints. 1c4ne' list' eoirillm sif titting. 161.1 ('bi.).idH'o'tri %troliIS4W t dlt'tt4I 

CaI hoorillitrie Hil'. il~e~tlitiorI T1iwte'-nti-as irneti~st~~~ca'4h~Pptt 

ton'in-tivs'iv Icing M4-6411ie .s( tic.'arm ictiiwlcisi icas 

St-in'V Ineitci tt' 4.sd hra titt hiltint iii:i'aitflIti'tt tit ha ' ei's'tt thieasv'i in ti~aneste'r itiy n'iiessl: sif can ansstaiatr 

lc.'s-n t a't-iequ'd fltor Divi~-in'eu I bay fa- iA-n' no I u~ . e n'a-aie ut al. nlag' iciqugw,4.-o sI hii. cstat'Itillilie is itas de- 

Nielitonp ('aceiwnuin. liat Ilat. lice- .4 if 1114-14cc 111i-1`111:aII' V t:s1 lit III siietilli.11 IIN' It 113atit 1144.11 09Oa I ofu iccl1et ita the 

anst olokwovirally th' hosLativi rneig. rutt Is-ise 

tile Aalliw MI'in'-r tA. lbee vinta IIIuing t:'i'a 

a tctarc-t'4 

me't i1nle 

rif sa'tn~ inot "tirctk" seeteistec. Ac. hou% cg the't' thi.'knewoi 

4 st Ow.' liactrie waill~ to(ies' s'ahiuterieei' mv'c'.ton is -email 

with thet tino'ide4 tile. Isaire.a. Aitteiig its ri''En' 1. 11ni. aptc ro'eineica'a. %%itu ili' ofi~tuats' (rma the menscotrins 

rnug inits:~ 6- thiask itvitcirie too iticeri':I~isitc, ctileves-han In'm~ritniwlicia iits lilt- nmrt"'n'.et itii tftial' iaovtuif. the 

ia'a Je'fornceat unt. a'n siqet'icti'i W' tech on~tt't' 

wag,, with wirp-A li'atiiovA tea tie' 4stairctia',t ii Nerrl . ttr' tit 

,.q' tait :t af am, is 4e':ileencn.ttr Goor c ra~cs..r~I length 

so lin ' cafter file IN-It nijantl tlar'ealltil t- bore hav 

thriloatgh thin ,kr,.'t~telahroi. 'Thwv am n Aseimhl aouans tclak&n cine'a'., ctial fir. t'teiwc'caitn'- i( t he custer Plarfuce 

g1al k-i4'tt'aO layit livept-t'c ixapnwroa roonsaler.cs' Iby r'eninintc ot its, mcaxitceies i-alt- fu~r uaitait a vit.evnd. 

metal phiitc. iltcercu'areino-ice 611-.441a.. atn ttiovirntitcs ; Sinvee tisic t.ceinaraecra' ir e i~s'th'rttine'i onity bty the 

jillmlt-itIii gae"c'tc mnas' ite itensca Icvski4jtea' ti mplatnent sit bea'ct irinnA-sm'at tlarcimih liti- beseot' Piracato 

iatbiei'ta'i too a maki--np lean'.' 

cstautatiicn. 

ifl 2t1 ltaci 4t.. ititie in. tandtli tlw i'ttctina a'tca'unity afto til c.' a'*-Minn. neeaocacre- 

me'eet by thipii. tttlasal giive Ownic'tte irdiwcs4t the becat 

*fltt fic'ct rlinp "4'fl plet't'c ies'iiianl tile serigintie uinivit. 

riflieg.- Inter'. rcttif~q in leE"tien'5 iistiatla'c cat iats'ctiafstcs Since't flei hent initite thttitighielic e re 6t c~tstcai to 

fzarilai'r '1terdcn. 'l-ce.~ were.' s'n'feiili' a1iripia't uith fle ha-at roveie'i'tl byv tile lc"rrni aecrakrmeter, we haeo' 

tile' "iling I)( filie- lairr,':aes Ilincia'i tit ttrvi'i't tt atte m. 

T1wheaicct iccpnt per nteit rnut.,ii to(Ice loomin' icallseIt uni - OcoIj [(d + 2be)" - 0t] (8) 

lootat" fri int tile fernellailf 

where Ilia the hecat lnuist perntnit arrot,9the tempetst. 

Hf Ew 

rdwpamneter', 

itotri.-uf tlaqe vition, d theavem~ccgo inxiida bore di- 

Is thle wail thiciknom of tico section, c the 

t 

in wbiei' ih' isc fle rc!cctet oifsi cl %if tieit'teravit'ecitle, 11 .Peocifiechcattof tico gisn moetal, ranti P itiodcnxily.Solvits. 

Otlc'icawa'te't re jwcm'r. aviel III. .', ti. cattl or a-sapovs. iota this equitation for 11, we obtain 

livel'y tleIia.' c~,-,e cýc.'ifr. heat. iinner clictneeter. unit 

Radciial I lcc'-mcca .'1ncifiiinancte is r'aaice'i IN 1iat'cl~l4lst dt 

tic. rhing iii 14`1.. flc~a' 3 -.'c'.citct 114t:a1t hill 0-t n'ive ii't v 

(:st iby ti p~~.tcalt ictait cii ta1"ic c h flit ~ie i' taIitat i.19 

it nt tic.' li'clt- , t bvm teial 11 hae~ta the samiic 

iccllKa inl tics' prevedinicc -4tit .a'tt. 

mvanp~ 

.'l'ies a-tad-lim uisci' i-c oafelha ;It(- i~isl~ 

fihe rlccitittc ltiq-ratimc ri'r (crm7c tcwiieralea tca'-~- tlics l'-illin. O e irarM atrt i 

c'cttc:ai cvia-a.a% -catis' c-:cci -csaac-cti t n- vr:ilwc:tctA'.i l i~caleccc at tasics-to tile ilita'eatr cnrfzttv5 of 

Ieceik tat tica-c. 4l ecum m -11m .citcc~c iticmir greiile plcciwr. gmis cec..teat- 'l 11-au t41t ini c11lacac ts'cecit-a't':ttl'( ttteabttc.- 

CONVIDNTI U

M3I.ff# UZZLE (StO t* ?OWWSP 

3.0 IN. roo LM cowN i 

net"MOOMtPLC PIUS9 

isN Olson sams 

*A ------ - A - 

SOLE11 Owego i-et 

r 7~ 

?Smg mPL oITI C'i"t 0141fl 

h~rmu! A,~.s.Iifw-.et . h e..p.~l.Iin ~.uEmslla tuy2 n!lI(1.w e .4 

nwnr. si nrviae.1w lrtin~~1t.a~twi., i s iili.i.~ te3i.ad3-g 

by~o.A ' ~r~h .xaIn-.erIr .'s iti.a nlang. a ro. ha.. nl the tiom %la fru ls 11w , Ins lif fi~rnlt'av the lritnWg . aWl tram. 

Mark'- gtmit,-ii Yu (Iizurvo NAagu AA glirnonaala 

tititk 

Marriu tvdf1k Iu..ru' oro- fuursiiult arul-. tal tinasazl' hwtmu'# 

stitli. %llsthemliies ..At arline;sa. iim-ialy to ili-tan ta~ a ii.4 thnis ~inir few hun mil"ain ut.nsim 

by Sint rnnAviaif~. Am lte. Mier : th~rz ,imu film lwa~ijate In . .uter auilaul-c ,tae I tllylaf rip nirrinn- 

nvdemalr mitto em iilr tait w nnitv fu'. am fipii ,rt, -Io ft-'u~ it hias.lmi 0.1,1 th remornt,u himert M. Ap 

ih -r ama li.. I4-n iffofr~ illthe ftt of f ' i lip -iil a i. pst he rt e nF hut-I . iai ll auif.ru d a thus' ltuit06 

rriaitinIm-f mra oter,,iraru ai- lttlea. 6ill m I.u hei 'lititer thirnlic' othirith hgueat rate"t 

(Jil(ti~jijj(il 1.im 11:1 s 1ife iqt t"10 Itfie d la ev ro th lfir i fo-rnS 

'np mmifi~iiotr-i%%,i tm- iý-f I-isurIl aYI*r~iiiqvr-v itOf, feit o rflngunt f e-oo

thereafter insulated. The trafnaemeft 6 ivenCI by "I Ifeat Inimst hv Strain Nfcasureirewmt 

* ~ ~ 4 Du~f ering tipe rctirsr of 11me Nriemgsof ea rtlibe, .50 ale'. 

*OT (10) c-raft immmeeie at Carlertark, dilmwritwrd in Seetkiw TA 

+ 1a'(eea) cameL.. 1ie-~. Asoewell gimat after floe plcrt of the gas 

in whirl, 9 ise toserisjwnatmm .m, Yll6 heast ingaid lirr 1-orr had 1 Pid"eimeii. flipe %rits Wilmthed down alwicto 

unilt arra. ot 6. vobmtore .'psarifi hft.. a, (ca, L-.,ri 13 omod' nfter Aloing Its a vauie, which rermained roorit 

diffw"Piviy. 1 6e limew, a i.. mean item. murwriot. ,.Aonti r. law # W 'I% water. Th ris. eoe aneet se.raiu was 

r in radiial 116i0taevse anii tiime J aend I' air 11-44 em.4m0ile'nml tom his a therisasm e-1ee4 MAl woo lowd to 

foug,6olw deeirmasiw Ismo intsi. 11w wit4hnas woo Inari am a 

A I. ,mmf memuiff eh-eard ofllag G ets. th'. gesowmnm gmeimeuul inm iSerctiss 7.23, Ito floe, effiect that 

uphyp!"! iTaisiratetry fitted inlto a hlea. oaf .etaell girn- Ar-i~oim fen-ommliml -train utitiecmlrwmmnefahlo 

statler drilkld radially too iaitimin a frare-tie at nofa isei. cyiindier ihlejeonei.ely emn glisp egeaality of heal ia time 

tit this later o'f a gun ham-me as dwmsn its !Fispir 2. 11wi e-yiincler ande is& indeisende-neet nit the (eylinelneally 

junction anon foniwel otf1fileelgtolio. ..f bh. hetle-, atimo Pymmmtoooiriml) elisgriimttinia it4 the heat. 

flth elec-tricail initstelatimn wao mam~deth ini in ore~nr #laot If WRA, 11-A11914-1 that hl ;1,1'OP C01114m 110se it applied 

gite' flow of lacim mihoul Isr tile. zito-' "e lgitte so V Pipo.-le,. lie flime'int-nmf Niarrei finual tetommpeitatmem rips wase Ilme 

Itir messinoa. am leed* sO Nimud .whno.4p 8tnblcaux o eit.- rommemmilrde frionti lk tertmmsd otrain and the heat ir.,u4 

1 

c. 1ivmget~gonelemperatmntrunins.-sl.werrn,"n-erled wrait lie... renemm. ke' eome~ffieienet of iinear thermal 

dicring them firing of vinomfr miii. in oliffe'meit l pesso. e-'cpnnaissm of tip oer w~' as takeun in ll.2Xt0"/'Cs 

Thejminrtio ar wos ilemnte'm niiooqt !ý in. (rite. time' looem. flip 'mimenme. ..gieeifle heat no. 0.1 tt enC ingle 

and a nmaxinuson temmmperatmmre Asir ranging fronto a few romamneisin a nit rietlediani ehromrwnis-nopatcd bamrrel pyr 

etegmais t 2*0 at30 deesicpam ernmmiralek witsi rire,memlel remuk, scls~ im Talak 4. filme rob"aaarameaome 

after alloofe 2 me., dependiffm ons flits. K . flb.hip ni 

of the thermmioe-otopie And the n"Itommoit ione. 

It w m ir. ame.', althoeugh lsmet in till, lthe ereelee 

curve was snatched quite sectirarltmy isy eqliaioins (fly) 

Teiaa.. 4. 1tpt isist 

MWs 

lw'om oie- ticssielltonmca isieet.ý nits~d 

remmalttetildistuu 

M~ aimaft eatamsa 

or a vimnitias- equation %hich tookh Intt am wetisit the Iimame'nir(owmoai 

finite last, ide diameter of them taan el. Sistere t le' vepiosmp bir"Wh (110) (44/ru' 

specific heat oc (whirh orme-rst in tile difftoairity) rarn 

he considelred known. the eegematiomm roatlnitis times 

parasmmte~mlHand the thermmal r meimtetivity k. CianoP 

of HI correspomnds to a change oaf teomrmal-aftmire wale-. 

4.4 

10* 

14A 

24.0 

1.4 U 

TA* 

U4 * 0 

as t 064 

and change of k to a change. of tiome Pe-ale. Allmeim the 

experinmemntal curve ise mate-hecd lit- a .'aeig~je meluie 4nn~~ within 10it) resi-in, excitr.eepmiar the origin of bore 

the two scale-A, the value''omi time heait iniptut H I n I siie' wherme flime tenderlyimig a.'e'eemptiena oat the emethodi are 

conmduc'tivity k are detet'rminede. Oft roomgq., if k is, neol "wtftipe "'-mIit" were very satisftactry. They 

known in advance for time partie-mulmam oteel, time c"-. emmemha tie' further inlmmprove-e biy tilting for thmermal 

ternmination of H1its move precise', Ametin altines, in which rame' higher ampallification could 

Tlie nietnsod of the e~nme'irdilec tlme'mweme-uimipe. 6i floe Ise miwieL 

c4.mmplemt, for meneaoering heal inpunt just foerwiard so( ther 

oriigin oif lisitit. However a -rmmmeple-'iy rtieliab' le dr4mi Lu Otimer Metlc ~tle of Measturement 

eefe'ndsie'lele- thermorte-imple iosticll toim -sewiegimf Its #ttw 

de'veloipede at 1irdomue' U'niveritmmy m " Aier fime Anecsy 4 Pin- O f is! ter pe r-.iitie' nme-1imemuisceof 

meusrevutenwit osf inpuit 

mianee' i ep.nrittient time. cii(i of filei iruemieigmie jms . isr ters'emmirst tiemit'.leeme lthil lumie liveen of inte'mrest recently 

lio~n ws of. mflime bore suerfarm. hillm 0 iv t im-emineie-'-twtsr is mmown-'ere'imrtiml liv iemma-tmic efat Iiitimg'tiet o-t'-uieicating 

Ve.Ital(C po.iiefihi'' oMr'Pu14MIe tit fle' flolter. mmjmetrefi i~aim~h.n.t..S mell lien.n are now avail-. 

oive'r a vine' et imtet ob..eve-rai ft-osn e,*iti itte.fi 4m, it.ei able' m-'voemiga: rnr~mtc elf 80 1) lee tI~r) egrw centigriade, 

thick, %%imito 6i time =sieni %he-re flit,' I'mivivi mt erito grnat oil Pokede itew c ex~ternal~m lam rit tempe~raut~ra. Single. 

client is. Plriestec . doosmiel. amnl tnmitipit-'-ebmmmne coloirs have bmeen elevel. 

MON VIDEtNTIAL 

0

olinK st str~cm Ty~urv~mT urA to 

at a AvqI trim forterw: feew tth~el.Ier41n tr. Tic 

thee &Aee ..hcanoe iii, a ewerm.loie. wor taking plate. at a flrwtei Idwe 4s ew inetetn~ndes 

whfitvilwr Iew temWftitifirfoP; mniywdnehift hirwtmg raroiiso . 11o teoceeswreetlone4 ellw ifi' twifueerfzce t may he erniapPromawnt 

rhmisW~ -to a sewish heghir lem aes,11110. 1,,s" -U #ý 1100 6p~ and ,hA luis hew 6m u 

Th WS 's"Ipiit isorayn hear Rowe. In Miffe w-tirnt nfi eeeemnintriaril vowesof the 

rhapisatififervi Ifiv~o;tk r-ioot f rlo -r. uiripi4lo unol "thIis tlint vrioena wr6WPft have O6. 

wilh eareful hasillin& inflsletlw~r leprtro illroutiints 0tetwnvl wourrst aaewt f a av~ri 

ewbiss approtti-ately 3 pr. rr~ of thic acua foso.~.. eee~ee~. I wpedm seneefha m 

The ckwndnt mmte an fr cfe'etitewne cie tme ieorewlmelvoseeth~sf ("Wi, :11. X30, aweedefeeeileeslaJt clime 

Me lr~ntentforonlin, aino rr 

.2.2; ansl (2) ~e be, 1 bueiee iil~rrm is, that at 

OfVjOM111,111111 

AM 1e M AwAiM ~ threeecgfc a seerni4rihffnift, "PaI. Itstr "i Sm at 

a basso .10m v wain ting, eefihe-re tin 10 fini. AI fe"Im- lv ie111111" Ilto 

IWYIsl'Ir ut whilr are. high few lu.iifelteieular isiniet 1w tifsmeieenle 1 l~te 

ing ford. how~evqer. the reilecrheangema yr-wis itl from or k 

much~ .aIsrtr tinweecof u( n Ini trip raw of -j-9 ~ 

Theirrmineleecx paiunt EKu a trzinsuetioe' which neeeintloi 10 

mittat 45 t 0 C %itieoccrrin 4 to 3ierst of 6tjC. ieer where rlathi:temperature of ltt Sunetudatmdepth 

th~aiopit it hacuhinvinhowahat.tooa graph so(tlen. j flmthe surlae andt~im .adk, e,a dA p a 

peevatwe IWteue bcoaibahc. off hint tg mtew 104-1 resIipectively the Ote1111 friseutivtity. spole kela.S 

for. roleet charter. A .uspie tisewar reations 6,4e tile .r and density of the me'tal of tile bure waIllT. 7U infi 

the timeis fronot inrvoisfgitee fiit, the twoe Ieewe'rtrrl (1fco.), ~is Wh is culk-d the "thermal diff"%Vity," Is 

SaniA tran-et~ionec. stact that the tlateem (titr thee oeapixwr considered constant in most applications. To obtaim 

trintirfatuts 6notie fansilifn cstrulemthe gempscratum of tit* surface r. statiasoi (11) is 

IWDintegrated tunder the booalmdaa Imaiiian 

At 0 - T T.sr Tq - 

CIMb 

tios hakre hern devistwel; .in V.Anrticuar. a thermailAg-or,0* 

saudywm lisa been (Iefflrnitd at the Vnive~rstit eel where A 6 the heat trninder roeffi.ent duiooi In 

Catirrimit eceeer the aueepircee of the (YSt I J Engincir- Sectieon 3.1.2. This integration lea" to 

ing and Tranesitionc offmi. .% netwtork ofl elee-trirul 

rcessmtrst and capacitorme 6 n cccii to Piudecate the th -. 

nui iyidet't. Ins a typical unit right railigal penieticenso 

sad eeight axial pnoectionst ar- pro"m ia'e: irnpuLfori ar. 

minroduwe'd at any one o(rigfct ptcincetolor~el-ewnt heat 

?Q - Too 

(vwwk)"', J*I(r - T.)(l - m)Y'Vm (13)S 

oliensw so iee a vaeeicsck' eel intlEft~ctet. 7`1116 coellaion 

input, 'Me e-orriircepnneing firift eight "*frmeict ropri. Pheewis the rhjnailc'rjeceir diffitlrcty eel the fratreciatiolt 

amct the nifeiffetaner we! the laminair layer next to the 0vviehsee-erfu Iaeisticernortire:theleaert input ew~evdrilo 

surfare. Trncpermturwe can be taken at ani of 114 siiet- in ('iteiontlii (2) Jec itmwit ilepcMifetct owe the wle"'rrd tebo- 

-Avrk peeeetswe at which conden,.re are at tachrid. MlI liWcltorrl r, li~curs nineeceirl for either approimtasti 

rondrenewyciant "Wr sfictecare % ari-ible. nicking the iinit nu'tieloik of Peelecelitio niueI lie eiesuthlt. 

2tpoictifr tn -tifferruet Minil andl firingt miccclatiifinx. 11iAer Rmefii. tvthelee w lte lwe ili-w-rilirti differ prim- 

_________________ ltiethl inc lte minner lief( v:clittatjing hi. in the isicees 

Ien ttw(oltmIif I43.M.",ifo.11i -, .1 ttiii...i A.NDIW)I-f 

1itii t ?.iw si~e ith, e eie' kv...Ws t.1i~~I.icu-f the 

aitu Chn-,en (ier thee thcertivel nowds';irflt. anti in the niethecda 

ofeiniect n Ihlac velect u ise( c', 1iczetiicn (I I) and 

",nst. itt. fic cce N f- we-c-ieee . 1 .1 c- u cic :1 DcI( e-ce ýtc sume- 

tIcI O Wiec-e clue ecuIst.Ow ucui.ut . uiuiA f 64 ultusfi . ... IN .( the- te-uuge-u',u,r, Ae11-e 111% in aegee tti. .iý.ts-i wl4s . ve 

ucruececa WAeee. seu.4 t fmi-e4. isci M .4 cei-e eleuct eecutitiv st 1-11-e-c ees~ l. 

CI)NFIDflNTI %L

forI 111Crt'm GOV iW1*%!4 111111146.~ F1111I4C 

MmEttO or FtmLnultmt 4md of all '.i%@haiiralo to ohtain values 

iWt~w fl he trmCIo:fheat jogmiat Q tord I fiae 

~mirfame t-nmpcra- 

TInar #1w into of 6wat Wpaa Q) (is "litrito. tw totnstre tion ii. tiot, it L. nruelaly wlaphtlok too diffe"u. espei 

ventilumtet) w:in fllt:IilfI4 "n'111 ('~fiktio.l *tI), in mImewtal 'lmoos..it-. 11sim.',t is' n'arlinitt.J t..aumypeaftie 

uliceh V. i6 tim elooteity iln ilptuaumm tmi, of fiv~t ~1x War:1 asm.mlmt6.Iin anoottt i,:,etiti'if of *tW IdefllitY of 

I 

mepad. Ka~~it tlempgl-rttima. sultd it 6Immgibitlml too take prebeating 

Q 9 .9)(01 '),~ ( - 7.). (14) (40 tinY V211mvrnltg) into Itv~cmunt. 

%me.Q vari 'wvAi4 uith tmnwr, v~ui~tinS4 t1) ". ?a1130 1:110" Ur!Mml~.lU Ku.C 

agepnmwintmafr by AND (marInst. 

r()- 7, In 16timia lmu4 la the attooth pilme aIpptromation for 

-3.4( .. ~t~q-.~.-mi -. ' ~A waa.,m,.m1i.is.timeform ofeqgmmatiamn (si. with thoecaict 

to'.n, V. nok , wt n. bgm- ti m,',I It tieeac d d~mh, theoretictil 

in which t is I the mnunmb~o-rf mmitil imiterv.-Aim whmicmhm.: mt,,e, a IW-ieim13ij',m iiinhw Clapm(m ter 3. A confile 

graph of Q ass 

1 

fltiams ja mt film* 6~ utaarzariy t,,,, i~.af14waamcifatmtnn(p) 

dtivaided and f 6 a funmet,., 

graph. 

of the cuctml~ie of thft 1aM1 (411ulitioml (M~) tram; apprmm~wrated. by 

The methIoil of eniewlatitin consists in .k~cm~ijning 

P, I'$ and To, foam exponmnuental revortlin o t imrneh 

pn*,.%ufe and projectile pomcition as funtiomas of time 

?.0I.) - r. 

-a3.4Iba)/t - ~ (6 

t 

during firing, by using timO fuandamenutal Vto b", 

From the known data grapho. amrm atip for total 

j 

limat IF, the timne vms ifivitliod into wesi mmml? intel"I'mk, 

energy, eneiV rtwmnining in the pnwmwde Cit, pa tern- :and tme riteac h tfl~,t rn'sfer:L-a1ammCM c'mntant, tmmuaght 

lvterntufam[lvelooityof tleiwIN-er PA. WImiiairtall t-Ach inmtervalm. .1. titepi-by...p cioniiMtaition, wasn CAR% 

illutctratral in Fipa~pre3. T'lin tlmev~ahmawfamrp. (" anl ri"u otitt, uAnaag the rvaltie to( Q(I,-m) calcultated on th. 

7. are uteu with ciguationa. (14) and (15) Ivy the meth. Ioasi*i of time r. at ftim Iaeaiamning of time intervaL 

'lime Iliu1mgm' cvn am-. fomr temnpenmttire ro at adie. 

TOA 

11 

C119f-" e 

tance z fnom mOwnt Imore aqarfure. was Polmmee on the beasi 

If n :mmmm~a.~amage wg~a 1tion.i rnmailtig step-by-step 

"llfltlmamtiac nithxod of saluintaim is indicated by equma- 

m to~u' I2'fm. - 

Non (17) 

in mhcha .is ifafitsvit znd time function E(g) is the 

erm~r inte~mijr i dfimied by 

kMLIS5CMk x.tWilmg thata were tiomiilmrly fitted to enipiricnl 

Fserww 3. Th ltLlec~~ ~blW~redata,m,. to) give' (4tvitmaio (19)) flir totalI input to entire 

41t't'rreurvi IThi, eureik-lemi,1na iv ýmt~v asaau tehe barrvi upg tom timne tof vijeeton (ki) 

fiolnr Il 1-InnicrtcI a- I'izum 3tn i:kW N IM.OO(Nt,0 T. - --- -Caron 

A-2MO.) - - - - -n (10) 

CONF11)1'NMTAL

andh c~i-itioni4i 00 torninp lwdrinf g u ,.tir mii 

WORKW V. 4 xv %4,F TKI1.'.111, %T1 Nb~ I 

In 1 11-wo .,nirjat... -,. i. gf., 1 1 s iut#~iInt its tI,..- - ALA - 

; d1ý4ibf lio. oral 1.** I~-owio triv. in 

Iitsl.w. V 1 . 1" ru..is it 11-01141. X i ) 4in i d in i l lt hitiuili-0 s.1 

rIs"inliet- a %&~w rut.L X. is 4-livae ii II 'i 1 K it l of O 

cuu iev itttiww Ltwtf;.r~t,.i 1.:nilKifl 

tho I.aolr I). ... . . F~ttnaI ii.oe~~n w m liii. INo 111114 I OP- b TT as t -0 0 mar 

itimiket 1iV3 - aU1 ioiitl " nn that roof lollls. :1I4-fil Isn~ olw a( *fI/ evismse 

jibi imutiriii ugh.rool vrt~w. t. i1se tooho, liinlo sIpoh.ti-v of OS~ oa a 

ni~~~~mi~t tilt l~~iW tIiww **TAX" %won ammnil 

ttCif ffIaabhIs IN- 11o" bill a4f1t "Ilii W.lJ' 2tea .164.0 f nI ,.feml t. m .ts~miuds 

awjil ham. " oi',paw 4. r T loa. Podito"ill loailsmhwm 

guns ol~ thrna mttn .la. p-iipl le atutu t d6i00d oin 

~ r inr1 nn 41MA.. id nTm 

ti w to the rnswunsoom. 'fnor frieticot .ittn n Ilits lti~ vuli~o. liet -iw ritIi.i fin (til'! in iu olifctcn. 

"rktimlatiovio, ame. of mowrow. dii.nitijnitoot sit tIlse Isom~ loons, werMe kioeiM. lL4ranne :1w~ i#10(m~t" 

seowftam iitw4f."M"sm 

aslw 

ion(4). fuor 1".t1 nirsiu4vir in a riittgh itutu. in usit h - 

TIsa, tln~lit x6 i tsi l t Pilp ie 1m l '~? l I iM.lp .. 1wioim. ei Il oizi 

" itin' t fit. :11 lwn h t liiito e.tti ni-sto loul t I Iir t~ aiiiiito tim ai 4111- - - - - 

cloeiv-iimtso~ntic -altelynt from the ýiotlf4 in ulrawlvtiI in -- 

term ileoirileil in AerHims :3.2.7. Fillr this a~l'I.nll 

feat t imtt-t ies arri~lt Of . Ito if___ n 

-elrl~ 

vaialeftt .~m iiat ,in-olinn 

O of liring. too. lo woot~i,44. ~ ¼~ - 

iii to- insth le nflilici iy-trleo i t-io t ael: i s 4 o atll 

W~tiiSttlor ttt'. iii-1 a 4 6 0 a t a 1 

Fitift. 1:1 If tiI it; l\1tanhill~l i ii toovnl;-..il vei112," IN' mamma raem @a~u $wf=INtuuitittm 

t 

31 A Y - 6 k 1111 . k 11loc wi" 1.\ rt ,(th e1x i,,A w fli ;, al . msm -r t n- IIm n A rot e ri 

ivftv jo oli 4 sjivN~-riiteo al nol"S 

r,,ll,,,(Plo. 11*;l

Ito ttKTrl'. (IF GNAtit i NIj( VIRING 

heal inpilt Ai-mi Mill in ;mIcn'~rpýA wjlae, lhi plaudPo alt 'If lkannet r..u..emmmalply h Pilm-rimcwnkaI rormilto, am 

r~alfmIclatimt Ii aA ith-VIl4Cled. t %%to vaelliea mof I be hceat in- hteitit~i mail t lite1 e'nil ofi 21ýrilo .~N5.2.2. 

filet 1 i"Itool l'ane. 01 thaat ietterivmalitian amlight lIN- (il tilt , realaie'l ltAip.j the' memaaete el. ~ne 

nmatirLatramestIlie loavnc 9(m oire a aerita momfol, perimpnf~eal ropintilitn.0 1) anti (12) la-oe'en' rtmglt m-on (23) antil 

wA'll ~it 

In the. e'wnptatat stew is woo, hotIVaith waitnw thbat 

tit. le 4meoly off the pt'ajrillatt psme (330, 

il complaint - 2ajoithpeoiagistoot 

the wholale acwer lielainool the, projectile. Or 

Coo-aengt vahift 4fLk. e. anti P. wpmr Rwettaaes. too that IA* IITO - rj(24) 

thev~?Aet( lte tti2 (Took)", was 3.11L 

T11W'4i* nlaifli~elr milrreiacl lkalliMie' 1-yolem 1xenmil- Taicedh'tranreneeuI() the plold- 

poimmiecaw ,f the alaawoltite Air4 flip iti nu. reatively in- (. 

.se'a-itive tit i ~lratitiiin in litalmlica 4eleaanity Ie~icg ajlaia IIN)1 r)jLt (231 

temmntlrauaKe tant 0.5 tea 1.7 g per re. ndq teaitoher 

laalli-tie 

ie 

varitallen. 

atotam 

The wnAiltn e~l.*e'aam 

".iriel 

enaeeatiallv y etc 

fp imto tetal ie.i'i.itei i numtiii 

nth 

h 

twit loaranaetero. 71ke firc~l ill, the "'lacarnIta ullcriaee anX v.li.lcasiieleecmn aai~paaaa'e 

Wri ftiw Ace tiae p tmeAton if ltle~ limiraaetile whent lite I. -aa th111le Rencrae'l fisinctai-a A T% which diepends only 

lob.woltr iss all boornt. E may oe' mcahaalaccl Irsseaa tim.l sa itaIe loomaing raaratneter K. Ilvi-t a Kenerul sooliatieu, 

imtlranti Run euIfantantot. pail ohma the mncms~fei&at , .the. 1( prelafte~ has iwet liallanieeL. 

all-lmeamt 6n Itiven loy ea4ialitoll (213. .Tnip hevat~une u fiti rft'isou f(rl jolstticti agaifnA r 

given an a-vnyneiatrie laIl...laalneli mraive. A niampli- 

P At1( - Elt"'M-I) (21) fieel naat~fiaeal ito findingl aplylluuailiate nanmiaiomm tem-. 

pentature near the hielinningx 4 travel involvft tuo 

in whlich V 6 a ftduLed-partit ~ivaibe tb su ta f a traighol line toepas whrethaii;mru Pol! ree the 

"IA 0pt indicating the initial position of the projeetute. 'orgmin ati the point eorrreaapttmding too "Afl.Lear." In 

In preparat ion of tae tables,Ua valueaof 1.38 was used aiae~t ea."ie "ouelto, ithaainede lay this niethotd will hes 

torool although as pointed out in Section 3.3.2 a sm. wit hin 30 centigmeile elegreenof Ithoes given lay the full 

what lower value %omald be preferable. Talatle a ve Iie 'eni arial minoide for the r te eratr ,. 

T1he second fundamental parameter is the "heating afthvlx 6orl"orietmpaue o, 

parameter" L. This variable is independent of time, eare t~aeiia te varealan valaicnea I.. aisnelimisal flarna 

ceartniins the friction factor ), and mayoltherwists be trnoiaralt5.tr*tiaW =)OtK foraanaaal- gut-eiand 2735 K 

calculated 1mm the gun and powder 

for machainet' vane.. 

constants 

A A.ightly 

by 

dlifferent 

aimdtest 

treatment wow 

iaflorimahine Kooans 

eeiiatlina 

loveeiati 

(22). where 

their 

the 

hgaiffirtieo 

symnbols have 

are 

theirt usual ein'raaeifnntranlweeaLrgrgn.ThmS 

b~lrL4ie (hapte ~nee ~~*taitlale rontain vuluim vcarrespoanding to different 

C31 1cC4 ISt15 ii dileptlO iie'lew the hore asurface. Separate tablet are 

~~ -LoF P,1/ (U)d givrit ii r tiaie.e preor to all-iaiiont, and a;ter burning 

halt laven comtpleted. 

Thiereaream i4-proioeb' , of time which have npeeizal The matin l~ahle', are laIed oti the anmeeamption that 

Anf.ancrin let rpeniteirentateiiep -pritmr tisall-I iti mt. the' qciaebirne'il laciwdier grain.- are elitritaeteeI uiniformly 

:&(ter thle' btii-.;'o~t 11 peiwiler heat pmrlaeehilaEIjeretiean in thesute Iqaie himnd tile prttjertile. An auxiliary tabale 

4t Ifie pioie.", le'. amail afterv tflip e'jeeiian. rtur lmi~ii. c~an lie iiied~ to eilitt~ij vualclen4 eearvnpunehinK to the 

iean,. Writk e ( yo, ti hac h -i inplet isA grceateis ehiaaini am-i.maaa ilcot that all tilte cinlaeame',l Iseilmer renauins in 

ther first jieriasl. uýeaaallevr iam lite' -44-eaeil.a~ndl reatIaIively the' ehaiaiber. 

.lir.d1i after e'jectvtia. Fiar lxaea,,ln fiuiea teta ilr i t-e faittizue (aiorrait itm limiat itoi-am :tWlitttte'el tAll claian"e in 

(rsMaiml Y. 11acti"K longiti- in filie mnviecil lw-flietl :111a 1 ii thie Hale~ tvtaii wr~al care. 4al he' I en sr antil the initial 

iai-iane~cct in lite' hairul. It Ila*a, loen niliark-i~l that vinlot-raitc ire' iftilt le i re .eerfame'. It Ila* Ise'en iiiiintetl 

titcae-irtaintio -t.*. lot flas ip liellavijiar m14 tilt- zgte t re'aliIai, 11t." tileecc'e.Ihit iti: 11111iaeleinilale' to ext rapelate 

*e.1- misag rist-itiis eiiiake. tiii fl,.circ" gjivert ill N D)1?C' lot-P-n ;tl fmit, tle'icitlasrmit c 4t saUfX)t K tAir aertliaal 

rerloan A-2f;2 Ic-c ruli~ableillc llay1mv.'. liuae've~r. c'mai- iii Ii li vvr. var.mI mi- ~mhil A.iar lae'tte'. peiwcle'm that

WORE 1111 ,rilr rVEMPFRMIRES U 

har io mprrl ihto.ertli b% ntumeri- Thc other b's are fuinctions of the a's alone. Starting 

-:21 integrit ion hive -hown lairer variaitions4 (aa mutch from the initial tempers'ure T, MZ - 0, these recuzr- 

2* l100 fth"vs th.,n fo.r cooller puiw-.ers. rence rel.,tions enahle one to calculate the tempera. 

turedistnibitionat thdmclfayuai-.quentintievil 

ArILOD T1011MM, O ifuxii .No ANKIf 

M'LmD o afu~*,TI.,.~.tIL, AN I~II~T.(1) 

In developing thi'. method the he-at transfer roleM-i 

rieWst were ais.u4mcil kngawmn frum tite amooth-pipe 

Instead of usuag thet var~iaq values of hl~t) awild 

and integrating by a step-by-dtep method we 

assume that these quantities may be replaced by 

some form of average values h and T. the heat call- 

.srmunant; eanifrical values of the ballistic quian- duction equation mayi be solved isralytically, as 

tifie. BY arphfliti-nf of the boundary conditions ahown by Thornhill and Waire"s and by Hobaetgimby 

4 . rmi 1 (2W). ter.~ 1- 77 e atter Lus written doteitafut in the ton.m 

t-0. - T, 4-A- 

9 -0. aT'a: ( A /4-1(r, - r 2)'. T 2/t 

a convenient numceriral ,oltition'"llethe hesatcondlic. - 2v ~.'7i ka(5 ( 

6wi equlations 0 l) and (12) was obtained. As onig. 

inalk d..cribed it may be owaliaaed as follows: 

Tntieutoahdifrusivity and htheaverage 

twat tranafer coefficient. The afthreviation Edastand 0 

[6aiding up the time ir~ten-Ai over trhich heat (or the error functaua;6ff for ezample. 

Iraua4cr takes place into0 a numbler of equal small inlervals 

M1, equation 0I1) may be rerlaced approli d -- =J-- (3 

mmstelyduring one of theme intervals bky equatitin (27), ' V 5 

TdZr, e1 isd) likeitlo ta~ken as to av-aip; the other symb.4ei 

IA k -(1/) asIn applying this met hod, 7%orhiflland Ware haves 

ll. r(Z) + T.(Zi], (27-) considered 6 meto pit jectile jection "tim~eof transto. 

fer of heat, the average r, to be the meant of the 

wberethe rs are the teniperature-f.pnee dirtributiond initial and final pis tb-mperatares, and the aver--ga A 

at the beginning and end of the interval, ly applying to be half the maximum nusmerical value of AM). As 

tias definition of q given by equaation (28) compared wvith their more accurate method outlined 

above. they havn found the values for beat transfer to 

- u 

eqaton(24)feueite Ltato(2) 

eq atlo (2)Su-sna~aain(1)inee 

r. +r0 T -7ý + I) -272 . 

T1) -q~T.+ T1)- 2qT.,. 

(29 

(2) 

be correct tiithin a few per cent, and the maximum 

srae temperatures tobe aboutl13perenrt too low. 

the calculations twere made for the origin of 

rfling, the input alter ejection is a minor factor; howrever 

for pcintA farther dmv- the barrel, ignorinag this 

After proper coasidcr-ation of the bminadary condi. wmaild lead to a considerabh errir. 

tions, t~he tcmnperattre ditributinn ait the beginning 

a( the (a + 2'nd interval U may be writtenlo -n ihm0 

T.(Z) - c-t,we + @.(274) Tn an effort to obtain a truer picture of the situ&.- 

+ + 

t 

(2q.).) 

L.. 

(3a) tion by a different choice of parameters, the analytic 

expre-s~ion of the previoaaa method was combined 

Tuet temperaiture at the end of this interva-l is given wivta the heat tranmfcr m-ndaient and other ballistic 

hy a similar relattion with ecoefficients b. to b,, 5 . 

Cs-efficirnt be may be eviwe'-Î in tite form 

qu-antit~rs as calculated by Nordhcim's simplified 

fly-itemn describod above. For points aicar the otigin of 

~.T... 4 

A1 + k7 

+ 

ho 

+ 

a, 

4 

nifling, and under tho assumption of eq~ial di~tributitin 

of unburnt powder, the gas temperatutre decrea.scssi~oly 

and thereforaitwas concluded thats. 

+ !, (t+at +9 gealpproxim~ation 'C XX 

i6 given by taking this equal to 

L+ ~+die I l~ flnme temiperatture of the poilder. 

CONE lFllD;N'T I % L

111KIII14166; O 4;1 N* 11 IL aIE %4; MOM 

Fewr I Is' diii-aii s is( letaioisej I lit. i~'teae~~t~~e I ~.vv fe'e A.1'4-gI '" fýe' If's4 lce ti in%liniu-iijtfItin' 

%:s,- v'tegn--osI ~rniiiiiitelyl ite tertc1 4e mieeialt-lY :4,14-r :4 neeu1e41 i. fre'l 410fill.% loulbi nltilte 

teINI.' nt1i1 Itlitgrsctert.'v. riell I. f.,5ier'Is Ist-if I rani.- :s% rulti eleertceg HeteP.I. 14I flIe' litte-e t.iit.A MiIttl 

fec 'e'l'.n e'el1ialiss"Ofl .l wt-~' :seillotoi. ii, it kc i. a elil: i ( slo 11".ie e~* ti'~ti lies'tfii'iiil :els.I l1ivert 

flto fta.'whv osaim ~ u Od 1wr N.WO-WO. tip' lio"WosWvmwe or' ,wwolwieli the mut"r in mafs$ 

fsn*."no I. toen'~our lo-eeiistv o,4 fle- wivik' Itnv,4 ill 

he = AN 2-( 11 oi-e" risoif t ' ll sifs lellie ieni, it,$qles &5M 

111P UVI-ri51'-If'lilm-Nr.ltomln H inw lise firilisrliveit' It( 

6 l~w lie uties 0' iat'lwq'n Nsvloemlinii m l'lel ilt" lionew I,.' loeom 'irfat'iv'~ 106 i ets- n-tl-i le'ilietSriloins k'i'e'l 

SWt titu' its Ow 4olitniiI' canth. k. r. -tilel 'S. have t' :91, eli-llICtgti,l1 (~. ois Off ttedetteelilairy' wiwip pjtk to( 

villi' IMuwailiK" ini itt 1.'plteol (I 1 I. 

e ri.gntlmt:f~ie~ iti. wt Ilmce Iel.It'i' is, ittelpertfltt 

andrr.'ul ttill wlins.tlc leeul ililla tte'4'ileiontigliot' %v-o I 14 tttta..l.ll'l-femjtut..s ."le iei"5 ifeff 

e'sitl'eI Iiit (()t'I-~f 

lit I*1. ~ 

104 irf4-t'IteS'iiW411' l'ti" 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ pniifi lien'1 

nihs-oe'l ft'etttt moeine'i'.ttittei 4.1Iltj'litl' 14olt tlr qtiring a 

Courm"Iteo, oir Tn. 1mrim 

A ~ oftf Itse- m,,0i1- by Of-li' fffc'i'nt moerii 

plesitst 4li*inhlbh; it1:' 1.113 loen iifi4 ltlle'tI te 1id011t'A few 

which ntlnilltlloetc S1Iive 's' 1.111.4. ttelo' lt% :1 I he' lilt'l letelce. 

Fur twis Kil31'S life' vi'ilor iat s 41 l cit litli' 3 Ia's' hu 1114" 

T %os 3 11-iirIwr ti16.1 irr~i. 

florist takeni Mi ,sirveml llij.laetiret' (a'eeit thme loom'. Suvh 

lioievounnol'lotl wpm nup inth ndi.rlx-ar .5D imns'hat the 

c0eepli-44,siec i.thenlperatf let' ilstttl' ii flto th itle e 

Ilstentlee'sittltrtk tii-t'li'el Iit 14-mesnl4 3.3..J. l'hw read.' 

s l*,'Ijj, ;ieeetnIltittg ttiliti tell te~rtstid 

vieeek. ter byItt fiewld ink n'ienu'r'S. itt fnets "Pie, feeter 

theI vol'tase~tillvt wr'mt inwtiss'riI at ltilt- etlgifi ittl Iwrts, at 

- -. .. . . . .. tceater ,slfferfts' %ewei ll a'ir th l lWiiit -iliiitt' t l(olie flintte, 

31..,l..l lllleno'lm~ittims' %e'n ii,iteg S- sliele'rly tle' teI M~5 1h at 

$leeqe'eli'l Ne~eleeee 111.. llm~.~eie'lle~ all fisemtI Itesnt"eee'eceltlt'e (mvt ligiirr 8, ciiect;imt 4.33 in. 

(;,a Newellw4M falesehel, Artetrv M-~lov'e' A. ISL f1111c ment-li 1. 'fwlit- it' jitislil /I lieritcit litte. thruigh 

8 -wee, .13 MWl( -M.il'- X .Ut' 

i.''' t~ lien' 'eAirfurie ttres it( onlit lengthl axiatlly and extend- 

i'lultiteldl~. It mayltmi''nae:rki'u thatc its p~e't'al, n',teilt 

are wit Ptee iltt'Sl..hi'il as lhice 17'4nin gintt 

wetutbl iuit~ly; ten the tet iter lit:tte. tlet ll4-iesi'Ife'lljt m-. , 

4100t''ttt" '(s PV, 4 

~~(5 

I~eie 

Kteu amt urfulih. in ie'lle't togmn'iteltl htan tilt' 84ni. de- 

'U Tetriperatatire in Cntipitioet ir 1Its which 0 is lcteperatures re and r, ame the dis'tanesi 

(rieetI lieu xitiot twov taernstteaueple,4t kit' contductiv'ity, 

1Wlres' fn'ildmg M4.611 41e ctfi :lsnl~tieeet ofl Ienm meir- aislooreniritiae, pcjit'tejttnticspec~ific liett, andI it' litte. 

taste l411erIatlm'~tt1 ,ie'tit vttith :caulvil t ic..~ ,.etiee 7I'io n~cavem Lean' sut'fate' te'ttpti'hlftram wit' given by 

te n e p l'r il te n a wte l hadt i lje v ie 't 4lsie'fl Y' ae it igl e' te tttl ti. " 

In 11w' fritiv 

1 

tef' z4i eetliessisttluitttr-4 : neetet'p~ otf ills. ((n + j. fi j j " s 

1 3 'Odtidiv. (36) 

par'tnnee 6. avntvjc' frioet' '-olsen., IIit 1, 414ull1 ieltist' at' f. 

k i 

IIset le'tileooe 7 IlIert I flat~ St s% 11 w'1 W. ine W iee't4 i f 114 It.t' ; I Iie~f f Ilie Il- ltsi'I te fetrtituclast (ir f lit' a tf i~ll tttttijblt 

rie'h ritiltl 'itle'' in ic stmifei tr v al 4l v iv ler fil It b.' ~ is t lmvi sif lsi,:. ils I lie' :ixijsl eli s-sl 'it, etI:t1., 'is 1 tIX egIvei'telI. 

tlittte lsi' rflot~i Oa salitilsete a t nd it ll( list' tt' , ll i-e:14e . ,eeI c'1 If :t N£:5l flee\vi. is tse;eeit e tiI sll i te Ici rml . le t r 

fiteses :11 '1eettI'tfftr Ill' il'faelef ef ftt-tteg. :5s'rtpe' illee s I bitlets e'etes:tt' Ate .. f tllts:&t of Ie':twaiasl flostw 1':cti be 

(:ONFIDWNTI %L

poll 

twig. ti i Illt,5 n iiý ",i. ano l' I " tI1M Iflt It 'ie *li '60110e61w l icr fviieu ii'-m 'u '*ii of lat ei e ofdo :a ii i' Itua 

m xl'ee ic lit' .Ol ino thet'i .41-:ic l' a1 ifeel;eliite v4, li n-li n. *meollo~ I tile I 144 vallm'eiI lfef fleino 1-itra u eall e.at 

Tilam~e~h .1i..aluto v W14S 11b'~e. Avroino, 10- .1ofa". , npmera,~.u.L.u SEh 

lisivp a niew roitr nt veli to-rn i1w' Icu qf i 1. - .cwlei 1i fii. X appeie iw lm -pic toz i o looiro ifoo- n olnewf, i n ' fii~ ll linJe.iio 

eH pimirlck' maw'avegr in It 641i'l:o 2N.1 e nli olfe''' it(n ar- m w f 'tl'lo e Impr -eiirfve in te otale'eat 4'IP41 A~im'ic l5i4 

nTohe' 4- imilsii t -i unit Ofl 6 fib. note'tg l4 a fi erv flfse IN. r flig t.e Sc1ZX4 .iSet. 'lciltl'l Nf aolMf ffof'il Stug'l~ld ty' 

It u' oLs-41ilo itie ietlai c r %Imflee el flit iwni allil 'lon'teer~e, cc' if nmit i c le ng 'rl 

1111in 

1 5. aJifism-ln 

fcctf tie icflo' i o lia " ' itlse ci ut rumt' g i f t" in' emf l Ime' ifimi-1r fle'i i v~S moiel utl lii'fr e u fhiem if iiii. ertin Iineg 

Ietrc.4.mlom 

4 t ltrri.me' 41lxr4 nr " org stli'S I esofa IflilUlitet on t' tt 

Iit i~i m ccn 6 cimm tw c itlmitl4 "- it' at'li'- orig 5in '' for Off mo 4 ie. lit'.j ýwi lwvlc', 'U icfiELn f ' lip tiat PoiN uIritella. If n lmc m'ulanl 

ifloue oiofe e or fa15:1 tel(s flit- :141 eclcl f'eefl %'So'.% f ind~N ii ter , e'll 1mee tte' 11:fii t n' es''e ilil l~titl''iUfi ktitw n 4ik jLI(fo the fl 

CAlin4 the 11w l r.144 ot 1' in iuml o'" :is'e'tiii-in. ii lk-41fciý i lit e ' itc.4Ix S :eiil till.m. til,'eiuii ieiti 4.ian l foiiiiii m(iiitN iter 

dlaianum uifmt thew'~~fac t recl4casal &Lw . tlen'meel' ne emJ IUNSila'xr t e'-raille tIn' wa ibmeceile'l mn' nomd 700alo 111 

itsc~g iine~ hem fei-ee,..ic un ir in iSi,' cczle'. i ntaIe-eronie of( m Ilw ecq file ,.ajoe ntfze. Itirlu antllce'c 

zialfi'eiier"efM a'41le IceciLST - tr 'tt'd alili lifet Imieji poisci':rfu 'nIff it in wice 4kne iwn bylce aer th mnilin 

he neEileirlcrneI i!Sli' ct'hiiIi Il'eet'' 1w -r,,ic'efhttv cecr." 'ike nuntliom ismtiI waiit mat'le wi' t h acte 

tiE ~ ~ .iufvim tehmceurl ~ ~ tmn %ll thatL'c tmceem 

Wo1u mifuv 'is 1 ';z finiteuI ictInia norlpset 

Of that 

- ~ 

I tAIA~ha VYel 

~ ~ 

li - 

-ea ~ o tviiiiamn ic ' eel n'eini-s%%ire I lll trkwflo 'ii " a'finipt'tlte is 

ile lhign andrtar uthitn wayrid elt'vceel fufItyad Ix"ma 

4 

)I,'r oIItIIv( hq (.i 1.is'e111tc'. o11 i Iicn avrn t wi's rnaArt w~it 11 a 

3~ 

flie lai pr4iiieelelelt' :u clv Iee fw [oueqilel Ic'inct'f'lietu irefvn 

si 3i. Y' o. 

,e#LMW -. t"esn-0 ti~e'c sellg-f''. 

aais ,c'ij:lize -I 

illMlis itlsern aicedeffi.'neel env,'e't not 

iiik w d is' theifss'c ceean to whinc' thceit 

fim 0matoF eemom 'i mics zireel m aSli oecr Ftef ii-ke lLN lI~il Iit' 

arrlX~- gm isid nnaio-if Mil' vie of fljci'- cet'Ical iclatel I l ie l~efill~ 

I.- -j 1; rxfo -1"J' 1-lit' Ill, .ir i ith Isici ojrr~lE v I ftli t. '-1-i'crt'tif No vno 

:aulm cl I i :c .iiuc'e lice'gh let'it iii Se h-i'ht hin2 . 

IcE ~ ~ ~ OFIET 11o l,4)1 l~O~~~

ient flaiult Of lt'n. a.u LfiVtia lwait r lijoit fit 111.' lott..wsippillnt,' of the fte~npxratuwe ofn the interf.tcee 

tetuttwratutre oof the tsar,' ,airfawi'. Ao 4'xqimnioun'tiil a -Aer .' tool ' %,, tiw litehll wan int mttion in al short'. 

mlA'tetItIl lir witi'I 11414 %lariitaili'tsaiiarkrNI 

oota i'twwI i'ililmsr A1 barrri. A t.'mprvature of WO1 C wan 

in a pre'limtinary't t(1tl., mi'roonle' foir tne apparenrut fl-t'r-ag td'ftfwrilttfur ovr" 

"Waen int a yin' sm l.hin-w~aIlc'i. wd4trut a t" vneiry likely shnow spot wsehttit a higher t r',np.'.'a. 

.tiuien-a-E~so rot;--iuetata wto-ai. voigtiw. woo ilaltio 21) Iti.3w 

mm". Thep riantainer wau' ll#att'd in a1 Vcrti.'a .'h'rtrir 11w qeg~stiuon naturally arises aso to the tecet 0( 

furnae t(2.3 prof ltoom). whiwh hail Iuiit prIif-sirittl ti. oo4o imrel'tttintt on ONe loor' outface temperature 

the temttwtatiu at iwhirl it woo tifirattil toi brttile 1 W he ~ ftile, tinoel, if( 'heiurting iii vi'y sumanll (lem than 

charge. .haltile 11W utiing little) not in thoo rmv ed prifheuttiag 

11e ttrmauterfmpenoattrn wait ntauwsum! with a rroodfiag (loimt Ptther ritgl'jatioEl fir boe finctionn, the 

platintutil4atinirolit~wioa uatlo.iittlt pwi-tn li. itorrn'te to( maximtum templiratiaie due to gas heat- 

:t a f' feunollami'ter,, alluelie' glu'Ita..ltat It a 7-111111 ing is r'la~ti'dy loaw." For a 37-im gun the increase 

'4iiA glass t11111. rlool-4l 3lt itot lotwertpoul. whtichI wits perlirru'fa~tingunitaittra1 calltur the neighborhood 

placed at the Iwiteatl Itmi of the furap off the oiriin of rifling is 25 degree cenrtigrade. Aa 

T1he seuttple in its P i'iateitatr ultainer Was haiweritc' nwntiomr.i at the end of Section 5.3.9, one met of &at. 

oin a platinumal %ire' tit lite Iofuitiat ti lite siliva' ttil'. sanoptionts le'd to an esimate of approximately two 

left them' firn reai''tin itttie i(tiitt,'~iui'taig't .uh unit*' (or the max~imu~m prehecating input. There- 

to attalin a teltatlwraltire% hict was n'vlaiodylv tooit uirow im. we may-. fie safe in *aviiltg that far thio gun the in. 

than So un it) gn'es lowerrtian th ura~'t'tg'l- rn'nsi. of maiiimum liner' wiratrte temtperatuure fromt 

lure). anti was the" lifted intit andtil tjt.'enat.t.t ,'i- lorr'keating tite tit the rotating hand do"s not exceed 

mmmcdei for pis ostf nteltjltg. Ifto no elting had tatke" dplllgn'q'scu'stitintuk'atnul it is prolfably untolerabty 

ptact, a ww sattqL* was uweL tu4 tion twa trial ait a leta. 

bion fr teperstiuwp " A rtitit e riten fotr mritin1 hfl. 

to hie Ictmnd firat eah sotlsvance stuidieol. X-rayi eutm- 'ln iritMT 

ituatitna. were 

A 

ntad t(leiEthe pluai'iint. utta't t'rytvrv or ltK&u~u AVSA 

lowr anti after melting. Ulne a. liner is insertrtl in a win, fir whten tite bore 

Iflt-eprrtatiuia oif the' t'u'4itls is olifflettit hueeniie to t sttrtare is plaed. heat ittitit anid revittting IStuY our. 

the liotait,'q aniuount of eriq-riunetni dtallati. A rvsiultiw fitee temItperatutre are' ror prtpimdingly afferted. The 

t~ufluliill~'tlKa.Ni'E~'tiai II1.4.'1) ,.tIstn-iulafuiton Ipatttlo tfair.- at meet intnitiVt a* liner utatenials are 

tempe'titutrr tif Il16t O4t1(C. Als now met fill. lte muilth Phrantituitti-a.' aulloys (Chaipter 17). utalylsllentint 

01l unfotos'tttnarIl r'.uuatto )a- itm-11 to, tenulwatttn'w (Ch:. 1tter 18). anti Siellite Na. 21 (Chapter 19). 'nit. 

alsart' 12.50 C. la.'raise o(E moftettiet iof tile Aien' glitass a comeounttily used in plating is chrunium (ChiapI~r 

contatinern. 20). 

In plitteil gurns it is essential to have the dlepth It( 

(natditons ot iritt plal~ting stufici eat to ptn'int titentual alteration ofE the 

"A" Applicatiorns to Frn taltoto nderliang stee'l (tire Section 13.3 and Section 31.5). 

Rrnxy o I'u~:awxrvbolitea this is 

F."Y-r 

the rawe it is necessiary 

r 

in cahntulating 

iftt.r-%txoheat iotipat tit tile boire autntiae trom a siingle rotund to 

.As statcdl int Seq'tioin 5.2.2. flue oittehtitud oft etlri'ttla t"oidieruinhi 'tltewtiatertttul.tiitntsiofthtetplated metal 

Nion jt'ttisit... hurt' ignomrel luraut inltut frimatt ttll its surface routiglo.s asi ronipredl with mun 

mourittn' itiher than tt-.anJcr fmni flitu theit tnN I ltow- t'ttel. After it tow motttils havre linen fired in a gun 

i'i.e. an inuulit-atioti of tile rffects fmniit eutgauvitag auti there appeas':r to 6- little differener lx-tweea metals 

fLjcti'itnau ftonurt" ha- I'agiven we lw.en autul ian Squrt iami its n'gautnd tit the laitter faetitn. 

'Jut' rttilit ' yofs h.Iuig tititisrat lit at. flit-. inteurfarir , 34'. I131tew A-Z2i2; titti .pptsl iii f.rioniit 

lIeSweren a proinjt.umlie :aod thle gtmn l ain- haus Is4'utl drtu- t ir.,. 4 1-tt:, n-ri aiwfi 14-~w' ti, jtitl tti-n".raitnt-' ilinat ov~ 

tunst t'.ti' iotIIt thi t ten- itf I-i mlar. bitt iullt't 11Y f*I,~i i ii r isl tig' o lit i mti o~tott:s la Ii t'vtit its' lure atarfte '.iiv"*n uqu 

A.1% tstL' tha St.it,.. nia~iiet its dri'.h ^-e~ml..e~ in the 

tile gililiiag 1t110utatu14 Iulle t j:t4ekvt itu itaitlt tuitli , ~ , p titt 5 f'tt , 1aýit (nn' faf S iti~kti, PiAIIW tar 

the stit'f 4a flie lisuo',oirfti'ats -a Aditftg I a'n-nonu~ue r'ii s exiertat u..Inv,'.Kh If u..s. 

COINFIDENTllIAL

.

"ll%11.liine Il a.TI4 mo-_vY .140 iii ita 4$ jnq t; Yt a aia ifajoshewetn 

slatingl din- fins. a -sslos .ss buuss. At lissf tho hitch to,,solgn..sn- I% lionaiis-1#t t.a hin weiuiisitt as lstn- Omn-s Psfiam. Tin.w 

Insi .js ~.-i 6311sa vstl %ohi a ".sv i-.- .' 1 gasmiss-ito .. iiis i,.tn-s. gin- inonso-in-w. It slom- h ins4I. 1 allsa.M tsoo-.n. (tar 

a sllaniwe tipper 6A-61ti gnnsis 4m il- night t im. itvp nirsis an.-w d .i..sigqnusno .ini sin-ssqx-twnrr tn.s"nu- plsinow Uflh(iits 

eq~uFWg This w-or w~ss Atomi at .Thmsri-rel"Otn-Piteg th 

(sssisuil. tin. Csaiw Cssssslicno. tlt- tis(i~4itopisI 

ratisiy. IANAPi ansi Xisrthihr ) Ctonquiny. lthe N\avai 

tpisiiui itol .Aerftuliti55." \11otti Ailttittisu W.1olttime 

grei-A -n i-tigraik-. Mirtsing firing Ilk- grvaltest Rlow si4 

ittnt iii tinon-rfiim aiitial. directly oldiw-tril fnirn the 

11Kiw~tis . the siii--sty or (a-liflsnia a1nd at axcii 4of tlis lisant, stander th infiftcence df theses steep 

.wvm- ltaIiiws Isy theis Iritiaslt." gsailvieto. Tit a tm-si exte-nt fluw pm-silk-i tit the axit 

TiM poors-ve"-to sic hetills. whide- is -.linitg sialgrarn. A-l,' taskets pilace..suit-l frontas the rtigiisn sor the oni. 

matsaiii'lv in itsn T. sin so lsilk-win: With rat-i ritirel gu in I-ak tesward the dlienally Ardscisel chainsirr 

that is firr-il thisntig ia iMo-.flr .5M tssss. hei-t enters 

:isro~ulds th loer mmsuirfzss-s. At the- ANI ""Iandtilte inpust 

wallso. and wlwmni-pv the sntici reu-sutssr of the barrel 

rianvo- altrssptly. 

2104ats I o~i Ouleinst 3 i-al 1-112 iwottississisist x- the 41111231C. For a Inter-il firing in afsill air. fhe- tvie-seli of limt 

iu-ssi-angil at first Amuily ansi tlsi-vt ns-no-c lith bar-s-sh flisnutigth Ip oetter nuarfisee is always ai-asail Msinfeis-s 

now aati&Ni tisi aines" IlIsl 4-sit-11 2 is-c "Slin ill tin with lthe rate - toit 'sry thiussigilis theore-. even whetn 

earigtimf. Int thehlalffi inrie opl *Pirv S-in'ws-u-sxlln ai- tin. sinuse sufmaeebspiiw leup so l C. If the barrel is 

pis anti tile itnoth oftheemtrlritigrr-narthe issptt smay 

"wesisi-ierasy exems- 1t0 mii s-so 

s-in" ls-Iy a an-sing air Fihilf. Iowerec, the malis may 

2 whe-re tin. mm. 'iii.r Isc-i-unit ne-arly estesal a, -slich high tetlspsruturises. 

-l ain,.- tit-nip-s-aturs. at tile mater seirfars' ley hiinsh'sisL of III:-. 

fams is int-listesi to the- axi's 4s liste- lsrtr. fisuinsiig loiii Within a few .oris-sssnli afterc firing istospit the ruslial 

Of tile PAsrtssrs tiC a9 sMine is-letl.4-4 si a e-y-iissser. Fmroust tniqu-ntrzsts differene"-s subisidise almosst otitupiletely,S 

tirn-utiutth 4t the cafiri-iige r.-ni lasskfuiili si'-li-tnis a os.-.ssrizsllv in still air or wheres the oairreI wall its thin. 

sirwanse 4s is--arty 4 in.. tlt-i wails sir tile vt-oislsswr is- Axialdsiil~n-is-o-iisin thiaeither lutnnsi.ithe equ~alization 

cinsit-slittle torioneshsat s1ijn'utl. risr ltle "-tridge close is of( whit-h woulid mittliiie flow thniusih a long path of 

cs-ei"l sni squirkly thait sitst stisus-ht -it-t riun lx~sitsm i ta, sssessico, leftoesritinuitts Iinpartieths-issigi 

its wnalls.. (In tart. islaser tlt- join ii4-snj-u-s hilst. islar. ini still air, the origin mention sisay c-ontinue 250 

it rny lx thiat the iiu-t .-ffeest 4i e st riesutI,- listirise isges -sil hnte f-iin' font-ant partl oftsin 

stoll i-:rtritisig is too extras-I lit-it Iretson tile itisdrisssr 

-Ails. 1cllps-islfi I113Y tiit'ilit Ise s.li- ini isisiliresm-tni 

main-i-aft iistrde rfor 3 nin after a loing buralt. 

The ts-nsps-nsltis-. le-s-ois attasinesi at at gi-s-n -settiots 

frmmill-us snuti~ig ri e n-.wsiiont is senstsl e~gatiws in #he 41lt-iss-is s-Iis-ly isi thin heat inlosil per rustid, the numiuulssr. 

TIlse s-iiiniis aifter thel firs-t s-onorey lv- sstisin.ig lit-i is! isisnts. assilithe willth siv-icte-* sat the section. 

ansontitis siC heat to ist- tie Nrm; tlei ineitptss t Isahrs-s- ist 11 Tin.ar-msft liarres-. asi it hagpipt-nos. is ins tispered that 

5111 C is everywisere nosiitiiy luilf whatl it is top (isste at wrall thicknessi is in fairly r-onstant rnstiotsIs heiat inputt 

noietfii tesiiiS5'iotltii Ailong insist Iii the length. Fosit a few jut-che beyond 

It taikes n mtaltter st-i dNis n rssr tiny suins-sisiraisie !lie origin tospa fre- isis-lit-n slssrt sto ltue imiszleo. theirpxart 

ofl a issulse fo~ir het n-c-tiv-d at list'sse lon ssfiss- Itos Asire. sirrs-re triiesirn utares- afte-r a girt-ss isithnet sut 

inaks- its stmpeiurassse atl the miter siirfar-t. 0%Its le "issisiils r fai(rly tiniiforis.Theyare ltssstr to~wardl tlie 

ful lnr hiiius st ient i; ti~r 7o rsimidsl tss-r scv~ittis 551 fist-s tisiglis not-:istsm is( lite (lists tsi tilie t-aiissiii- svnle,tands 

isi thes iisis-lav Igrn-i. ansif :t' itisisy ass 29. ripi siits ta-r 

N-is-olis in the sin-raft ikarrs-tl iss hile- YIt 1 gus. Tin.e 

tiwias ii lt'e sitizile lect-u-usoe ito the- blsgs' ini the iast 3 

ill. sit( t lie, loasirT-s length Is. lit 1st li-sy lissrnrl- ti-npera. 

aea re-Iv:5i55t-is-rat sirs- ku-clis it 3.4.2) I usn-fu'isrs ijoislds tin sirs-s r istiis-It isiwer in tlst- n-ar liasli sif the lengt h 

tha issi iiithe sc-r:rsponessiliig ixrt sitltte stirs-raft luirs-elS 

6 -n srfvrrv sens -"s ist-bwgrai 1 .Is ii ts 1tsuii A-431.1% lps-t-iws 4ti- lesi muchist gI-ater ri-sll thitckneiscu. lit fact 

CON FIDElNTIAL

300sn 

Iý)E UWIbYNUII 

t'.l~ 

I It 

me 4,-0 . 

10~~~ ao 30ew "'40mni nn lumrw meil' me Wmr doalfwtn'tm~a~ae~m ~ 

Hiea. ludgr h aul. itht nl~tnwer nuaruit Jiiltit p~ei dwtt 6he ,n11.tzinw mian 1il art. and "i lmwhacnitRum~ 

thf 

Lmargelye ag brnalatl 

3.33.Tie o 3Aewor arrra 

onr'ei~Naa.l it.ar~arirr n reaan 

ne-timr mmnajmi to(tea.4 irtmtin" tdor 

,ifan,, 

rwa 

the eftaniprr'th WajW in tfc wvthwe atem lt- 

alairtgmetWritiea. fIII ,,lirmmmaa mpg .qin M2.an It he at4tlwac 50( mulf II a Imrsnt Iunyl artr Giftnng ra 

JIMiai Wrat itt ranjing with i ~ KIait -0 ther 10.m~aitaiel Irnrtmawit a 2wint amlthein inuterval to 

3.3.3at. html txim-l lanawntharmdio 

ee trrlte phit'dit, ianelr, lAtn emattirsI. givenin (If ill"a 9. Mgixima tmefr.- xat 

..(t ofer ntnl imniana 71w fthe 6jai 

Frnp ajtf.. 4 ate- thenwamnit.n fr M 

fair ite cif evmi auii 

Itto 300 rino? -tar, per 

uremi 1wrintigno 4 ta'geM) araft lir fiv niO-tera~ fiiangAm 

wit 2-tcito val oih lmti ~ata rming ntn Iari4mi- a 

f~are. 2..A) in. fruii th him! ae4. ativ? thea CILIanItivr (muir valYIllta 211 C. tire iwrittaen Ink the figatmi at II0 plan.. 

Item gat .iffa'ra't ,li~tafanie (ram, 1 laine Imirt 433 in. 'Tirt'li,.lganaa' 4f thew-, plhaawa frvom thei Itwecrh ara'4M 

(mit, lteai laa.'ea-I (the. lrgno~ain.' lister laiaweero in. (onmrgin of riling). 8.13 in.. 24.00 in.. and 33.00 in. 

-it 91.X5 in. (rnun the herreeb: aim] mwn wt. a'aaahanhaell at 0I in. rnicm mmizzk-1. 1'hw ihitanri, (atait the butte ame 

1 ~ 10 

-Ieye 

L A --------- 

- 

-4 1 111 Isto

Il'he t.'tttjerattttn's 11 in. Afrom this 6e.n-' -1 .5 :,and rate' 'f apuroonint-ately 110 riusm. ipAiown in Table4 II. 

S.3.U in. (nmmi 1iW ir-pinhtn arr mixrimentitl andi are 

6 & C atal, 8 1 C. mpstawt ivly. T~w uIt u'e amt emio.a ~~ai.Iii~i 44 i'Iiadwe "Ii 2).an Itiovo'W.W lr. 

intm#at hpbaii, t(lotef n Th" eitrlnw.M rorTw to -- - - -- - 

±301 4'tlregn, m.nliKrande. At th. qinbw fmirt oioljsantror 

(nom the imam'. te'nilleralirt-ar. noto'mr n~qlnu iii thann 

', 4 10.4M44. 

TP- 1 ,.tmm'I APO W) 

171 

814 2P.1 

223ý -11 C 273 

3f(.2 841, 

310 

M2 

Its Ill-ners htigher thatn tint.' Aohi~n. Matximilm 1erW 

jlipttitm' nttt.+ rtiwqrtoo the hun' tihtam 0.01 in. imsof mii Tiat fiminni may Ilw roonlitlir with, t..tnlwtiueral 

at prriont kninen arwtint.. rnrmi.' ivi 

when dringi 23.5nind,~ Irxto tat I-imin iutter. 

Ilem Ma tie O- th no tPm~wmM" 

growr thle tniullle twn-titinis 4~ the barrel; thle jinwer 

iweraIi level -of f~ile loifgttt antd tittzzli'; and411' ii6rialo. 

Tlw urofliirmlnont id otiorwb huwwot; pewtim"I a 

11roik tetZirtttt'f214(; 134liii tion filifin'of 2t2C. 

Ti~lg ,sy flvte filotamn 111f (hittsnce with 20.tntt, AA~ 

S 

ent. fow (ti rt freino it' hewoigcin ooi iljffl'n'ni tortween i,'thtutaiiOsgitfiitjitttn5.il'ttI 

averaget~i tei'iprt' unf' Lt tii 114?.tfnegi4.1ill. 

fnont tle Iiiirr tow ingi 14- .I''imn-m ion henti itiontt jfer tutu 

tha:t I 211 ritinttnl s( antttmnatir finer. nsatl in at 4unitgr?- 

m1t4y htighleniitipt'tntttn. Foar 464)-ittnirsssillvit gittim 

an'im mint in wa':i fhIirkn.'ss. *I1,e. intdmaint tti enipem. 4.m rotatils fired in AMrioitottl iimtt-t with IS 13xeu. tittsi'i 

tttvps wtorm not r-t'nehqs .iitlgtinna ,oii~t. At 0.411 in. 

from the muwp the tattoo istemtevl 5 W ik litfl.y40 

li-tivern 1isirts nmnltnol it, a tetipornmtuotwe 

Oak".. 

imkiitioi litw 

.uI 

-isi thle jta - it(' tile' last of thle 500 isliets W.114 Foir 10-min, witter-rioslvol gitit. iti-I minili' of Ct 

nitit .O0~.ueaa ~ I.1ie. a ~ia. .4 -e.. mii Naval Prniov4~ (n,,tnul gavie tite resu.lto xhiown in 

at tile notter %ftrfaris friam, 2 tit .5 'e. oleltenditig tion the Taikiti',7 fior increaset,4 in tentilierttitrt'o( the rotiotntt. A 

waltl thhhirk temign s oe 

Ttveyhovaulor of MUt C Si. maiumuum Wom. 

immlim.01 Inor tho, in wwpotthenriin o wfe 

___ _ _ 

?,mg tTroomfogotni.4-4404siO 1 wttodt4nr 

a" tiawin ooli xg Aw., 2 om1 -4. .4iffleiwitt "gibe~u. 

wtorthy. Tlti6 6 a rmticatnite rattier than 'in ".~PM' S Ni. nono4 o 30 100 1419 

ttimi ot tile (;eophyien'i.t Lalanttoprm in a rauter .30 Tri'tiitw'ttitti W)(C 23 1t 'U 70 

AtMe lonrn'h wax ithe 810 C' Plumtn 4 in. fiouwani if( the. 

mitriin at !~ 1 n. roon the. Itor.. Ilse hitihost tetnltirni. 4'hatttt it tn eimefevtiona (nitt 0 tit 913 dlcrree. mtretsltt 

film~ memasoni" in in * v .'nliliorr .50 Ioarrei waxs 900 C. the. firintg ra.te Aigittly hoot hatd little e~ffect oin the 

!j in. froim the Ito,.. at tie twigin ii! rifling 4t an air. water tenilttit~wutm 

craftf kI-Ar having a stellite litter. at threa inds oftaeo 

tintittots mirtri't id 444) nnuix.ttii LUa A[ctditn Calibier Guns 

Ftiirml nsmhitg is idietmmr,4 in AmIit 3. It r 'xvxo(iotx Ta 

Ill' tentnrknlimhere tiatS the vairitwnis netlimiIx (externtal* ' 

Iiigtiil h nding r'x'ieptlo ar On 'Tettive in mincting Ila. helti'nitg .4W gins .4 tItelittli iitlilie't lmu lxvm~i 

awet'itge baarrelI tri'tlierntotn' jirincipajt1IY in hinervoti- m nifitiAied r at rnitnler 4f 1nim titt Aht-rdeen Pruving 

tent fitre. In at rititi itumixi litittmi is ttnqit i'naxii tittki- ( noind.l f it itaw intivesigatiuin tri'ttlNi'fetrmi re-nitting 

Ieitit front the Ixiari nd :to~lnttiive it 1in it iistltnue mto fPnt~ nt;,id fire in ai 10S-.ttm AA~ gun,.N I,ul were. ntmtnnomnlert 

it too a i'.Iij.'imu-lmi foontt it( i'nerli. .1.4 ttn.."I Following 20 pri' binary ronitnuls.xrie.s of 5g. 

rantpidIav ifsi is sipitligmif tttrooin the boo -ire.rfitee. 66,1 2.4. andti Ilt naittils were. fired at varyintc rittm, 

'rei'ttNfltutem ra ililm-rt 311 tinrline gunA hax s iwint rI'vittifrniitires4 vets' nninletl Iti v nicanso i11 thernet- 

-Intoliedl at .Abertietn Pisnviiig noinfmt I 7 nd. itsu i tintptl-s ml.leIiii tit he spitn loattulitt ilistitticeo #if 0.03. 

0 3M1 in. Itren guint bYi the I Inifii. '" 7.35. ; ia 1:1.7 rt. ri'loi'.t ieI v. fmi til te nu uie.3i~c.1 i- 

,uiitt1t vanliti' reachrnh %%err 285 C'. 3MX C'. andti 2SO C. 

usAiituina ti' Cannoni' rrloifivo'I. 'lieto'ivernil tittie fir thle 16 uSnpiol-fire 

Iii Ciutinon~naimtil,.wi tinitttel 42 mint. 

4 

II i~pautm MaIrk Vin giti. iti ,oistiituith rimokusikff 11,4s 'ittt.1 have teit ..inmniomii.. aind i 

CONFIDENTIAL 

,4j.uf41 in

11111V1 Ow 11tviT1vq,. IL'NUIVI 8 41"n in fit 0 

tFe.' gemdr rinting e~f fin .( to. Off-e 15rpm a. Pip (seth. ofC W@met" 

1I~tsit nfo i t- 41 fS.in--, 1 I. ICS olM ats I c t in t -ao cootn- 

Lj'rsttIel' ant i I '3(h tflto tloivALt' t'tl-t~iiuofortht' ltem.~t 

Sa 

W1 

_- 

\ - 

v a"WOR 

"me.,Ae'ew Mwir the.sirist, ted rillinn severs If~telff te lot -st 

isjolinoxinutteIi ItIl. 315, and1 27) neiii. n xrs-l.eit'ivo. 

ý4oiliai~r tests. aermniath- wills a 34-n. AA~ All" 

N13.e l", *rItlwrviam.violilro woe'v.. wd4leeI I. 'lor Lim. se 

limet" firedi in aleewat S min. thew.. hafl atltaiewl t.eeagm't'. 

attn.'.. oef .3M C antl 210 C'. r wtAlivriely. .UI.'t 4 ssioi... 

4hiring which the'... rr-eumnvol 1".ratirally iinre'hcmn w ''"'""e 

firineg wa.. n-4im"~I. f he.' hemeolneImu tuti edietnn rewmindM ta m 

finml overn petisol tof 13m evsen t-llvol in te'nlpirmtlon'e 

-of 4-111 C andl 'A'l C'. atitaienvl 2 min letter tilt- rloee.e of 

firinig. At rates. e4 fire. i( .5. Mt. 15. anti 21) nonee. this. 

Fte..smll). Tteoeqweatosrmutose~~t~mru-ovest.37A.AA 

WINe NIL V.1tIew. i'ieeewFniaMe~ 

X- 21m 

oeiwtviti li. t ittt- (for tIH' temle w'ira noilt' ne' r I wip"se+ 

tee rie. 1AN) kvn"ees tooelgale ere foonnesl leeit' I- n- 3M C off th1w tmuzzle. IlLS V at lite vn'ntuevervietieet at 

111A~ie' ltI J ' 23 anti IS mix riflitng. anti -& C in th1w ,erenond rhandl..- pook.ies.a~ 

F..r n 737ivnei gaes. MeI lN171-. li-no'rleemln-thooTr 'erct'ite~ea rn-fie11. htave INV" vientetintivIN" 

Igrph.' %eree ee:l, tienel I1 l' uraut..o thedtIrniotioophjel- 12. iti tttngitit t ieet,. tit' Icy [liceks. tinoi Thotemtill by 

.If;. .111l .531 , in. (inett ther nitiltzlea wInt 310) ntteisnle titeisr tnthol~nt eettljti,41 inl St.-tsix 5.4.1. eaoemg ain a*wert- 

firet at aI mea-n wrottf Ili rpmo." M*Naaxittmmottaue. p..itne'i average rute' te firte,42' i risen. i~inveethe' erly 

tet'tw~ ms~e.~e~. nten.'titi nsiveaLl ite-121W . firinp. we'n' at a slotwer. antvi thei later owe. .t a fwmte#r 

-Mg C'. MeNtI 3 C. It woo 4-tolvieltlsetl hal at "I w till ler- avernge. m"It thant thiss. 11wr eulctalalr templ rtm 

neouriwtilolo ne'nre-. th isr. Iirtt-. r.,te'. of 10. IS. 111l 21) fol' thil' etetuzaletr hnigh (non theKeemd burnet till neater 

rpmt erwosio rot'.elt in a trmnljwmteere 1,( 401 C'. ;oi 54. 28 tilerefill Ite firleeg. whene Ithey :see well with the w - 

anti III mit.n.ejetu. iansseeento. Coonietetetl an4 menoteieterf temperratureo 

leatr the rommitwnre'eewt olf riffingu'geet. wrll through. 

Dunismse Kxrc:westesAttx fwit. 

Tnor lMiti,.l leavet eewttltevil it tention tsirrtee ittvee.lgatiten" 

witith the tioitek-fring :174n. join Maicrk VeI.7 

N G~*~ 

*flee' thtia an. grapheir in Filvin. Ml. 1the firing wast in Thipe theo'ery wiaA exttte'nlcl."" althoutgh Sith me 

Iirs'toe 4e4 10 netnsilo frite. ,eelonintic-allv: flt- note' oef mostri. eIieeificatietnoe. toe the rttinvatiun of temnpetatures 

fire qdurinlg u leeer". iee'iiee 20) rpmit. lioieewer. flit-' lieeen'te 

we'rr fired at irre 'getlr jnfe'rvi.Ie. ao .etown bY file 

in a prmilweeeel 1'. S. Naval 34.I-in.o-cai. give to fire 

at a rutle- oef ix) rmte. Uppjrard leewer bixitael. for heat 

fgigre. ;n all 140 retenilit wpmenfnsi in :ileeeeerisn htour. ieeleet we'rea.tewl Tln'r editiafge..tineated temper-. 

A Aprileeg-trnelee thrrtnew..eeoile was e'ete'e at therittees. :eemre-tin.r-e'eweneice frorationix air shown in Figure 11. 

zl-t; feet ehnnfte'r eeclenee iet titl pring-owitttetntlsA It i,. tee loop etetrel that tenimpe fure. near the arigin of 

the' te flesltee %%' eyrt fafnrlee' i ts is .1(41 fliii..; l1i6, -item ihletg ire veuhideulttl rit f etjce'rion n-it h and without 

iuc.erte't ýi t'Ihat et entert %%a,, nmutu by It the lbee'e..tt it riwelitig jarkt't. Th1e' rrm..iltoe itdit-ate hpuipelhew ril 

it41)4 lht %ep titter fi l vuel il filte voelimee'etici-mi'nt ted riflineg ieiiee heaerml tt'nillf'atiiit's,. andi give no 41ie of the 

anti :it lthe' neak ofd flet' Crftie lie' vin'... 'Iemst pet~t i ree tritgw-ralt ten' 1gradenl- ths tree, a beei'sreI wrttione It was. 

%et te lken o ;it thlril- td rai i lirsl. tc Il1ir eu'atieivey teewtivtii Iv modeii.eudl that -,eeie'rei i.ffniing of the 

ri.peio liniuting itl m tid g at the' imxtleeet art' ehrit- ' 

-lewette in tilt- fiketrr. iThe teir tempeel'raiteer v.;e. 10 C. 

Iceere teieslgt i-tear eeevlr fle oietzale. lotil waetdl not be 

likely ee'.ar ltier tetgin tuf rifliieg: intl that it 6i unlikely 

:till a tiethe e-ell woieeel :iWO4tes in 4'e.1eiiee tIle. imiezzie that eilen Iiti- than tey e tle~r lwir-t.- u(75 rtxnade ear 

,eetien. It ettis lee' ieeeie'ei that lteu 11leeleiveec 4e the eeeeid lee tivrel lee'Giere tlee eunieleninin limtit to( wear 

Iensq4e!, fer ltie iieit-rtit'e et( thee' thimit'rteeetetlel lutoi ci ueeihld Iller. ii'i 

imerkorel eu tljeeg Ole-e.t MNit iitieee le'eeel,erltiore. %%vr Aec *Monu. voitelelle se eflq~ ut the "Unlite 3-in./e70 t-ai. 

CI)NVI'IENTI %L 

W

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __00 

12 I~%I:4;SW~tN4li R~"Wei~ 

4%~ tft 

£ 'mf-NI7 C 14. AtrpIlw i.r rrfr 4L 

40 @*usr -rL?( i. waisr 

-~ ~ ~ w 

Tea futwm 

* . l .. 4t"u. .nn aso 1 .usidtaa 14rmlaraitifr amt rae. 

wiat~ flu' m4eow iiin ligur.. 31ý. (1.apf.. & 1~ fial. eg 

1Na k~trtwwn y , not K P. IllwL aao ui d . . T h.. Iitre llta foot an isnitmp ~inl gun ii. little larger tat the bin.e 

11,0.4) thna h ote irnr(Figure-. 12. 13). *17hereftitr 

a" at rter Itw tionte rnivrture it nearly cquail o 

the wan ntitlie ' 11141W terepeadiHtitt: agreemen 

6o osp o ld tcvmti'tiul e 

l)tictur. At the end of 

400 411 Istaxs Mo inHUmin the average tottilicrature at 

~~ma 

the ur near the origin of rifling reaelws 4W6 C. vhilo 

at lthtiole, taufm"ii sap WAt tspn to rioe. It folwwsa 

that t-trm atercoling hremn rma q~t t the atigia 

dlwinathi;:tinle. Clintruryto a bI~t ua warsin Figure 11. 

'Mi- B~ureau of ordnnner id the Navy IWparlnwnt 

C ~hap measured external temperattures nc-sr the muzzleS 

Fwazas 12. Avvrt... saw urfan. itmIxnsafr -d. 34n,/ 4,t 54n.giinmiduringl~wriudlsf)f ainid Ar. Fura$-in. 38. 

70.,mI. gum firing as rate id JC nnials gui nonewfe. uniruli. 

(his fitgure tw ha. m~arI so Vittiow 721 NIn XttC rail. gun. fired 151 rwinin!s in 171 -j min, a rise of tern- 

Repteit Y. A-4U.) turrature amotinting to 3`75 degreesA retigrude was 

G" ~tduearvvt. Fro a 14n. Weral. Itin the temperature 

up:rutir 273 degrees rent igrade after 98 rvitnds beAd been 

u * I"am" Amie in afxxoit If; min. 'The ieA,* of temperature during 

4" .1 

I 

no. - 

& 3 

ems. 

No.4.2. 

Ilk-tter firingC is ashown in Figure 6 in comparptrwo 

With inirailated vauaits disextisse at the end of Section 

Similar raliteultionas have aimo been made rtw 

~the tsanwe gun firedl at 40 ant! 45 routnds per min- 

_________________________ itte~'unit for 3-in. nnti tM)-mt guns fired with dif- 

* U40 so Ir~fe powders ai, 90 nitintis pe minute. 

Fintu: M3 Outsi-I crtn urfa tgam-iaume.4 3-/ Ls RESULTS OF' IIIGII TENIPERATURF.S 

faL. g..i friotg a, rnte. -4 tO n-mto l,.r i nmeut... utmoa.l.t 

Nom. A-M$4) 

lic te tnieraitrr -if the bore surfare 6s the general 

giin w~as Liter iniade tit thef ( .ua;Jey.ir;,I 1-i1 sckepfary npiilatior tit the rbang"~e there wliieh. ttaken ogether, 

by tI lithoils t hat sIftike ati :utont-iit jsi.sit it u ithI. 

in the 1hurrtwa'!~ll (sirt Secftio If1.2). 5. Tl1ic printtipaI 

results are 4iiti in Ftw~in-. 12. 13. awtlf It. At tI 

v4.usl it atta' vrosin.at is dluiswi.f-4l in (let-tiu ini Chaipter 

13.1.I ne ofi those thltitac's is Ii. 1iwfarttion41 itI sli frfire". 

l~ it this (uiinectitan it is ieisilwrtalit ftI kaeep ito tiiitl thlatt 

CON'FiFNTI % 

Sk

1111 LT* NN 16W S 6 TW4Wb;11 %T1 KhL Ib 

I Is li. 1eittfivil matterial to" fla*41-1 ,irfn e4, .t...t lurym4 * ...k.... ouentomml ,after t1w firing e4 spoak ISO uommiwl 

i-a rorattlisn propltiir ltavinizg V II-e1e., e.Ic ti~n-tln'onm liii. ee.ai. 1.1%1- !N-e., 11114 t1I er V y high r,~tiffima. 

,.i1rrl.~ e I than tlg..a..4 :1st. lmeh it ii llercaIt ~al~4. viary ititla Pt-u.,. gustw. 11.. lote-we.4 

.4eti~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~m~t i-rve.iga inlrt nwrriicc~a I"..1 fln. fla it r.utisd rmaac-ng~l masek.4ou1 '4. R. 

hail k-ii too the' c9mnirlirn.ems t1.1 "thr maximiamaa Peorn- Inv"i n'ttosrtel Ito give et..ek-4.114 3 atom aftr t5w fivinx 

perattuare 4t I ..uu t lo ier :1N- al itll gA1111 (111 evagcwm. .4 50l nnaasel. will, ala inaitially rmilli --ia. Ax. let UNOC?' 

twumi ehwta.sl rliN~t et fiaaalv s4. w ee ns tliing nooectcc goitios a Ilionaii tof .44 lnanre lettr plate* 111 is 

Immint Ail owtew4. me'n lopith tie' 6..1 FII-M2 ueuov41mo lativeol that n~latively pomwdl d~amo Ad a wommak-.d 

ammi wailer nommikhub.m eAtupd rup fri&-q1 c ine 0 the1 wiatei'rivaetel voilwartlwuuiAaegyviiew 

164I anger of cwktfon 

A immosk..uf maAY tia ilefinell ao an uecplis.m 

T'Mr lvit delui a rliahav A~m coovoutwtr trialms IAw Moonst.4 

lant eremik-si~s in the 31.7-un. lowm. Murk VT. saul the 

.44 toe.. tuw4oairk-fitinjt3.7-in. AA gluns. Mark.' olaa Ill. It wilts 

(tow.. pru~jt'rtilt. fill"r. eeu ;auiqsllant itha nn~t r t s ree,, m a e.,nch~vl 'Ita oat:ew i4 thle nadler unpriAwhtts wmWn. 

thigh tempelratiao? i'i'n mi~e by a neuandt atoier mtnniling 

fear inoit tiue in tio' rhtastuier to( a huot win. 

Awlu g-aokkeuff in a r~aislii.Ieft4 in the gttm after. .rruu l'u 

firnngs, at a rate it( 2nl reun'Is per msinute wial that the 

Fxzpenusaental eviolotwop mlainfiag thi' sl',ar of 

clook-offsbirn It"atien gallewei frnak tee meerseft -tr'uts 

iuatir cimm smaulil loop, wuiULAY to tic m iially UeNA 

uriminiptanmv.r 

4Ief4nitely met sip lwidteuie e~ituu e~ e r .ihish 

nesik-4e1.so wetirr. antd t~eler 1w' lAlwlnoisveneea ap it 

Rlat~aively little. infeuosuttaliu is availablsi int reuak- 

,g hit larger'Pintus, muetv4 to his having boom geaned 

teetak place' trlureitlcup. in the ceaqeroas et .tlrilunaell 

.hPeeei el tr either :uqarpwwAs ter vairler aiwtuual worviev 

freecia fideld exlwvuie'neu or in teebsmet up fuar other puwyea.... 

Takiulc into runapokkraia the &Wmrokwe #A 

eovadiiules. Tenaperrtiart nieu-crnwent,. itsathe varitcuo.ta 1,-t impesaus iv railmo. tie Willeosuuis ralso4ealmtha (w 

trnuu rorpowart)t were nusale lcy tlacriommmpeeaatt artareI heaetingu 3111 I"M'. 01111114 tbe Britis 111t111111113661K 

to the ouster Puerfarr All the gtuns. TIMP minus,uiia eel It torue entmnt ae"asasn #" with ~a fell i S S 

Tests on the rualiluer AD Cohtllrus'. ning Nl(; firing 11I~a utorl 1wing vi.s Uea the .d Nuaiiesawd *%A SAC'm 

loll. MI mmmiunitiom. andl oun the eu~it.r .54) Itnown- v.str ooith rule ofE many Ive tlasmetooI to, soepeesmnweami4I 

am mend 

guns. t'.olk-AARA e44 eletimatuer. filling. ur l .Imtiplflot lltple 6.44" 31mn 

were shtown to ru',..lt after tesing Ite. t.liartot af 100 gIt a win hooutvo revi Ife-t thi.. e'eiieal r,"elitime - ,pre 

to 200 rtmisnds eraueeml emsek-off,. e4 the foixte anti olachi. mpoisem noeidtael.Mh in lstieacmg a tamei.AM wb~inl 

filling; litirt, of 250 antl naller reeegits ml fit l ek-ioffe. ima 

tof all three nmapeino-vots. In waier-o-teal.'el gianis nutworc o e prtr o ltite 

pee- 

eunok-offs n-mitlted. feto et nur4mBl ic 

In eapa'rimnentu'l" with nwasel#si 4i 11w rulilter .50 

niarh"Ane loin. gain teas al g~aim-li.t tilea tip notek. t'.m-UAC DRuOP "MM FIKIPAM ON OF IMam 

44, were WIMCtt'. fear 11 81elreacrl rain-.. *f'l~iu .110wed 

that Ilee lhiae dIetrum". aiths tenpecnittre. Nip rimuk. 

off'. wrur uta'er'u'l at lcn'ptrtearet ls~ t Im-i jKIl F. 

When a gain laturra wall mrtahuu. lail trimpevutuirea 

wi the ranealt iat rupit fire.' the naetal "'psaoaoli. If thups 

etpan.4piee i,. mtlii'ntll % enrt, the evgugemenot I4 to( t 

vihiu'h was vi.ntilkeeml a -ritic-al temix-raatirn'. 

In a Pttd ,v itath I acM-maa. IIi -Irjn., M ark V ri, In tepc 

wie amaima neuAile tea1r9-4 tac .. f r tte il Nritrittie. nimpto-. 

rontating It~aaul cit( the lar.4iewli, with the rifling of Photo 

Iss~ill dimiesilir c- a imil tasri a pi' ,n is nii leenger im- 

1wrt ci la 11i th , .ruaj.'i'lil. w-ImntioibinllinK lie-gins. 

aunts. Se'veral ihiffirrit fillijuat.. aaet I ;rvi~lp-: lit. %I-n- It in.-tu i've-I ing 0141eeilalatu lt 

the le.,lli,.te riac s'ai.r .uf 

tatedoml - Msoie ti,. 4.1A t'qlp e in~ tn e l~iL. tel I Ili- Imalt a I rail %inth th lext ilm~inHin tocmapettoe" trean a aai'aewtteml 

mihfl,4cuiii WtOPr et-p-rile . A. a I--iila. If fmw etimt ri.c 'it tt-iiil-nittiu. nlis has Is'.'.v eliane teir a, 

tI 3 1'.. jnlthacetegi Imortaut ,f 175 rimnflhI eniit441 nl ma ,k 4-.tk ihiIw'r .50.j .,irrtrt lusern4 witlh a 94-n. 4~rttite liner.'"S 

uff., a A) a'.iileeaeil 4 IS0 uenotil,%. rt'i-i.,,emirIil rite I ioritill Ithe firain g 4 it 424-eueeoiml lietirt. toatitleling tINu4inulelpi' 

NtIfet . I lti'tliu,. in a !I'.t '.f 2I-mitn .% .ke ~ ltliitftrte leeeti, ~ 5.A 11.ta 

gains PoorIiuet s the Navy. Itie-ari, 44 Ortlnalutee, a eccalsa s,-rfarte teiipeau taire :at a uf-astanc ea 23.0 in. 

COtN lhl)F:'TIAL 

ilk dll 41111 d

Itll: TIN4 for CIL Ns M~ HIM; FIRING 

("Dllu 11w ltimnrl, *.aw 715 (..anel thee ti. wet I ralet as( Ilit- pitwolteor -.4,'-iian 3.3.31. Itiviox a Xmiater 

in. fn~is the emon migrfaven wae,a 765 C. A-umptici, .111 imizzul veble.*itv.'" ýlr" e~~f*0'1~~ae.~i 

aerricn'I licirroI t'eetiltrlt.weiDo( 7.50:~ C. atiola~ iin'lRiijiel. it %%a. a-iazn that in~ m.rvirp a pua-iler mighat I* 

to' lIin't- thoermo.l 4'jrfIi"i~to 4i! ItiX III ", flat- im-n':e,'e findahe tlilt enp.uaa'riunw -511iF IS 

a in IAr oljaamswsr ammituov,I to 6Ltm;4is. ~%m e 1W+tau V. Iaiao pnillkhm W". otuoiiri4 te he Armty 

*ilith ad illim in~ 111 IMj,. ;.4mm 4011 Wmv IN% ift.. the *ty',n.-uwln~r 1oirtmrvoi. 

ainovint 4a '1mmn~ imoro a lithe lotillit woihi IfiimotAl] 14'aI$ wen. nujuk' :' it!, FlII-M~I pmmsoe-r fsnaim~stwien4e 

-4ii .ieleloua.-otn 4-ffi-efthate i* illis..I4imle its f(e14ufaml f#W3:11i. mawu Iimil in& a 74.ualvi gUm. Ml. The 

Fivar 12 4i (lIuitea' 27. '.qw4zatI internt in 1lel6 cPqwrmmut wao in the heW 

At lawee r,-Nvt a giaf3 UtI thei-t io mill mww tesilm-nattanae. Piumw smsfl1i mrooknt~i had Akania 

60amm ci sp. anreuiolsiikniii 1Y by hlluIa~t mii talwif 6 tniIegruandirmso epinstm qxww p oraisII may vim- tinder 

yaw within file xvnu. n-a.,Iting in gn'ntrv extg'ryul * i-w roonshitinni. 4l eitrw 4 aa STnesw~et~t 

-imtl lam iC,%o taciriavy. 116, elici in u aeeeilm.'v .50umnt- tut eleive whink' cmqsn-*wl 'ieetiladqtriy intil new- 

rhint. guin lzimmi Imp letaven etuititernort'i ni to :.t .a w~ ev mal." AlaipwfiI at elliaite hinter frinul ofl inettameei 

tent by it-ing ta -4ehooiike niimaaW* titaitimd b., -sentenm pmtemen' with ri..ing eemlweutarn.. ato ekabow in Figuire 

It( chimmuialli piatc. 

in tlietapte ZL 

ee(fl nprin tleivkime-, oo chlwam-ioi 15. lit the tamU irm tol'tht7 text% a pnmlau.-ý wax dovel. 

441141 U114 1t-e41 fertll 71u4me g06n0111 K111,WhVMI) the 113 

Ixr vnt li5A,n-t Imiu4.liritlo wax Pe~rfioomea. stwing 

.~n eLU~tT(~a i..vmn II~vv~e ewiicl,, heantedl fte 3IM F valxwr thnIme w vinvoemea ng the 

in Figmin' IS wimkia 4-ernt lme, * popactefrivu. iwt tia t mwiturecwr. 'bleeoftetc~st'titlte 

lIn Imdlhtirg tabhit. lipotcirn-utnm mazzle. tdewiitya:n. 21Lo F I 129) C) woislehl yiplalisEohigm'fitbny htl)Z pir""esnw 

curqilslmeeafiorn lmtivrclr te upexr~eieirtcuC7t F(21 0). It at( 145 IK~rte~nt tulmutal. Th6 tommturptt maight well 

heAc' lung ltvil knoewn. hoewe'ver. lent tin inerme'am, hits lot-em-lne'eloi a mottii left (Aw a 'zncertbe time in 

temnpmtehu ism wum. 11w putiestaihl aroi thu. butrvilng the chenchwda(a loet put. 

-m 250 -6,3 20 

21-0- 0 -P -3O 40PO -4 q- 

*eoci -m - p - 0,5UI a -" -oM 

Fi-sac7 Ars Imlriu GrImmouNL(l vtysWa XmrtmTe% 

UENIU 

CO

Tlkw4 u~ernitit..v .tsio.ntitrnrnavl tith t :17-ani lanilis Ito lopn o%.aancvl. lbs. a& tni rqlonIiod with 

piln.M r (~mInli.t ic:rnl1 OW 14114J 1114rns Na~ l All- nlh "it %r* Ita (tairl r Iarn-rmisl expans'iun wrikns I lm- enwisnitl 

liourd tt w sltax n~i. asltlntIh 111:1 l~nanti 

nawl mnnnaking 4- itatiom k-Aiss Wmivrt~. (hui&d ~a 

P~v w~bo aprooutooe.I fix~ amal~sl .~d o0 poo p'r with cni rimrA4 lolmo-lii ad bo nmurnailk a & 

shprre Fahyrnimit dabnit' in len.wruttian-. Fatr INi. niarnuk' veliwily *nsi Rifl higjnchov boar M w WIM tSa 

.77-anim gun tc-tos weit rnrriaal .in ogl h Iiaah m'FNlI.MS3 *- 1 

anW FN ht-\12 tprnstk.-ts KqsAI&itisas 1371 nm..l (-U) wi-n. *&I% lmrova raanitnsas-aa l i Uai4 11H.tirs~i~wit 

fIi'IupavsI in the twora- in'w isrtwe rhAnnp. in grn'am.ssn. rantmitsw fill-1 lito Isite. Ifa Plt ahiwi whtiu at flff 

in ouitntrlil paermpsuare inch ama. (arnnrt iss 4s Fnihrrni- sklonhg a PAnrU (ctisa4itth sliuanx4 Mild AUhar 1`411 (m 

smowrg*r T. lia U IsAaw with Ch-Aas4lwl nrnsak Ch"Intilinm Pbiel. tl* 

(Pr - I'm) 3 421 + 42S a...3r..,.a.~ . u 

-.41157' + II187* (.I#) 

where Pa - 4 5,1110 toot 

twisin r - 1;8 vrtr PFI-m5 

(Pr - 1'.) - 2381 + 22.ST 

+ .thidiT? + 1i023r*' (3R) 

w"he m -~s 

4 .IOIpoi %imwi r - oa yfur mil.M1 

Fisa rninuir veliuitv ' n the- 76-naarnr pian. the hooii. 

rattial iflrrtaoi lwr s!&,'wq.v I..rlaht'nit wi'A 'sIsto It..-n10ll 

0 

ap~wt~imtrI pa.. Fur thIe ls.ilt% vain. thes %duntov 

Change ii,' a linsarr fiisetionto At slu I ti.trniqwrctsan ropa~ira 

tu1.2 fps per datvre Valllijvallsri. In Ows 37-#aim ittl. 

tbr twololio Uwkwookmi eel.. NM~was~r, up. in the mopc 

sdl the pno-a.'san. e~t~atitinm, (39)t anot (40) havinitl rrnm 

ak-v.4sspl tos a-~pvw. the 1ata.S 

1t, V~t- -81.7, + I.4tor 

- A115.RltT + .tXlJK 74IT t3M~ 

with I. - 2,8ll (pa for T - 68 F ratwvi~s 

1111311147" + -11911)III (44111 

With 1*.m - 2.842 fur r - ,fis F ft FNhI-1,2. IS 

L"Weakening of thme Barrel W'all 

1That high tempcntsart. attuainced in at Itnn ean "oislt 

in weakening o( the lhamrl wall bair loing hten wel 

knowin. 11w -41ta~ietter devnts' in hsniasrs'tsid itato. 

nuatie fire in un .tvrl littarl alpear's Itoslie a's fultuwas. 

During thcerniriv rmisnLo the cinshisiciwa frimi the lisa.. 

otirfaee is' ruapid; the Iwtrirtit ' no ahsl V~hteat's Al'siuw 

'sath -light .,nil ýatis'ra.al r:iualue ierrects' On Islbati.. 

tic.4. A'fter t he ittio tttaIN'rnititrr 4s thet Isuarrrl Is"ir"mte. 

n hativa'I- laidi. tlu'rtttal v\psrnnimar prrmit's 

Mismne. lanlasting 4tthe priiji4vtile. At the ,atriw tiviu- tlw 

iw-atial hiwi' ,urfaev Iisaiarns i,~ ie) baia~tenitizeil intl the 

ftýo t VAh--iOfi-~d1m, 

1i1ts4111. (st-t1 WK19I- t .01 -1-0i 1-irn4wl.5.t.It -Ma 

ptii.. it.s. i... uIt~ga I.L.~ ,.* ,- so na'.It astim 

W .4d Oni.tivaswr. IsT' sisaihv. 

CO N F11f E N'1l 1.

lrvis: ~tilt 

121 1ILING~5 OF 43 %- lit KING~ FIRINGE 

the .rro.'. O llmerni-s* !4mmi1il~limm ,'ss.an. Finiimly. 

;it very Writ~l ts'm~sruivrt iin tilt I sseu~i -I n'gth 

loe. %-eg irmytsmlasr its wonan whsich have. blss'ed ePuulsi 

afte:fr ~piql t~ire.* 

.4 tile jails -lt'sl fmil'. fla.' Irlamrl wa~ri,'s:111is lk iles' lnh it e.mlawisluina Ow"i* %%Is 1,491lirt'l the4 1x~l~b.1s~ity j~im's: inl r rintlvu s.s' thie 1141l11.1 plom. itit".o r~ow n oil loassgiluodilsal A n-0s. It wn't tilsil%4 40111 that a Irnithrsis~~~h~~lhei'mer.i; 

.iim~uiql ~a M 1wsr. t~'iil&w %M4 imwws' tit ItIll ds-n'!- r lt ne ivmtlp IP litwaqiu 

In the r:ý. set a -teIlite'-flvat-al h'Irtor. eewsivit enu~ssi~ illth iii.. mant minoio sauotshiraloesia hsIna OPgibuligbI loosa 

i~m~sp~ini~mh 111114 1 tslu 141 i-m yk'hoshliitK ln-in ~s, mhr~s too piI~tt fe-nets aIC I hs' hunt at thias' itizis. 'Ilijis. uMeth- 

,nsbhulVnI. 'Ait to tnO gnStrtl stlrt it% simitzals' vselsss-ilY. ser 'sill eie'm'imnifen'.imia rrarking., liii' ben'5f Julerit5ll 

lIn thss's's' 4l'Iarg.'r gins'. thiis pe'uulall'ni lot llms'sfmert in 84ni. lm'silnirn. Mark Vll; thoay' were. howeifir, 

lot itenilorultirr tin yvield .'rothn~i loans reiis'esissm smes~ultf ,qo'siols'n too ham. poosrly slr-itimwl. It loan aim' beens 

rals'iutss6Ai. Int nipti-lits' tr-ta' sit a 3-un. AA Won. noqioi'stls'rs. in n'w'in-ImI6tsos 'Aigh thi. slle'igh ia loll &IIWI. 

rhifatlaumso wotf I h ell oeht"nMsine Mm,,minawsh' tooow W &- M 6 . ateask that a .Uee~u'M #A 4W depVe.lo 

p'ii-iuri.5' lvniýik at varis'ss, 4.Is n-t-sse' (flin thle 

lirrar.s1wh2t Tlielar were' sos'terntn,,ml (mnou tis' o'~liiitell 

l'islren'ilit may mawsas Iflotea' lineri tu pru4irlii' aas 

euiiiish an 2 in. jj6tlayi niau,4 liss' t-m linesr tul Iwil-ilnuuth 

flnoolAlc-ie 31141i the' Vit-h! 1alfltl's .41 ltes Winis-ler]it ut Ilum affertinic ar~rtF It mayi 6late prows' sli.ieult. 

e'levatedl tentps'u".iretsis. On tleis bIsi's 4~ thises' roiumpsu- ito remoeve liii' lineir. .%itt~liti~onalhy. ns~eiprsaui hsrnp 

taltjfl's. it wall sls-itileds to huolt' tile' a-rs'w- laike rawer' 

whlen a wriqlt-tie theisnncmruuspli' 5.21 iii. frovsin tist- amsuzsh 

plrepwo% may he caal,sl Ili thit linersbrling wedlged into 

thive futller .d'atinj[ Ivy rramin44 st it's honintusoinal eltenimiialestr 

a ru csts 'oal, lia&rel ls'l-ilis'tiuNr .4 23(0 C. Pion anti ohiasms'trio-il e~panoiumn. 

1the nertsial tcntls'latlitrs' theme at whielo 1bsw'silsg 

*uiiiht have ltsi't rqx-ried woo' up)ImIowinately 475 to. 

Allthousgh the foorinerteinjosrimmw wial manintaains'l Air 

a lomnu'slk'nihle I'uigtl sic lime, the lootesr woo not U I)L.ING OF (;LNSh 

reaced's listinic the fiinmg. tile huighwt temps'ni-mltle' 

rroeuprde fir this threlurmsouapl halling hwy 36i9 C. 

"Ti's lmenipatisrr wa's atlainrils' 2 issin after tFs.' firing 

IlS. Hair's or Coonul 

1foaring tootari,,ed thol nattsmus an'ti auete sA bla~t inlto( 

119 rsiniusl' in 15 min; Pn'til'ssu firimig hail ahremslY late tol the Won 1mwr. amnd rivmsiskn'Ider the slintribsitium 

pnrwalsutil the gon to 243 C. 

ssn'unsis ft he10-nu A 

ut the heat in the htain'i' wall. we turonomin attention to 

te '.m~papal~s esIsui M'sissliions; in particular, 

~4ii~reuksiati.ns 

Run, NIL lDangs'wsjsm' external tornem.r~tssrre' ru.isspd 

from 44A Cat lhsZin. toMItS Cat 440 in. fromn the mu'sale. 

Thin Kull ha's a liner with a clea'ancne tapering 

front 0.007 in.;4 tile nssmle toO.0~3 in. atltlehbreech. 

we. shiihl hookli Gsar nuethitsl, Ivy which the ternpei'stutwtoo 

uier lbe hoolol within linsit's which 'sill loretent the 

owsrwnr ... .4 t he rtinat ualeritasto re'solt's of oivrlslsatiag. 

There' i's no s1mlsetil that olosmse hN-Al I"' take's place 

'Monst ofc this 'spe 6' fills'sI with nmixed gne-i' oansi from lthe Isiti' .siafuirr thle tlopening sto the breech of 

itowdievesl itraphitoo when the liner ins in.s'rts's. the Won runss'se 'susito fosirreti onvecotion there, andi 

A volunilx't oft onerlniced effsests td rni.-s'sl tempier. 'jsertistonlitf rss'i'hissnefc at themnuszile. 

tinoriat in Win's have lusen listell by lthe Itrilish (sn i lDo- lBut in the la~oor ofl v'rrv raipidi fire therr is littleeh-noce 

'sign t.'omittre.a A first 'stutemenott in"s"The tetisps'r- 

2ltris" attained (a maximstm external vitthi sof 32212o) 

for tile Psie' suithll tile glu to etitl, and althaughi a. 

has lxen pouinteds s'sst ." then' i'sbnsneo reverual si t woramils not permanecntly affs'rt thle ys.'lai povint sIC the 

heat 

ssntlinarv Win 'steels lisriiiiswe they aiii far 'slplow the I biei.om 1. \NIllt( .161 n.4t noletke r utoes'sJ,,i v's. 

.4-nipsering t'lnperisniiii- emaplisles. billt tile aiishld lIessisetta invuvs.5s5:5's' ad the iln g lisa'dssunn, last filisoetei it. 

oixnt of thrs' sles 1%hrt, ,4 .'s- 

I~ilmre w iuir s.sisl ~os :1 

til e rile44 ist-in act '1 -1 ts lsrldv to. ildi~roniiiwit olut aUhR iuillwa.1et-t hs..ini.'s 

sinus tmp r. -A lite. InaluWtt.,furtni'tI~ar m.t 

lolitrea"s' thu Ise er. o-liw adilGalvn , ss,.io.ul i it *.sr;slsetr. as theiun-tahw'ya'S util 

It was alps - rinuirkesi tha hsi mnifsws Issatijj 11mg witiI An.,isyio,) Nay; -la,c,-m..i .tdvi~oaar uhe t~omsgse (,e.ing 

ad Gt-, ni.il.. 5tilb~ .t4 n-ir-4ts'e.5italia at4 the Ammoy t(rdilapiop 

t-A. ois alit' illY rn'itseirmt irn:sl-t An','A., slim. toaim ml - INpr-mIt ti.. Ai 1)oiaw I ltis, the' !\avy Mamasisad 

rtingt og sr tit 'siinkags'. Isii "Res liss-m i li i's. of thdmitommý, ii.N~.v lorr tim'o, .4 As'enamstoiaýs lus a livms's I 

orsiismr,'' nott iinitsfsssmi wil a -Ii tsnlitl'ram ireis grtrslls.Im it,,,,-,i l 0vaniI'si (*"r.'.r ssse, ~ 

mlight louTs 11111Mu Pro"i mum1is 4is s 1"s 'stý 411s A n-.,- sdis Iri. : I'l 1915a *.1 1916 i. N...h .4 51.. u~ittud~ ins tht. 

1401 ion. *Vsani's'rns sin. gntllisism Iý hlmi.su.lg s tal 1.1. twtios.i %a, glos-su~so.Ia.l*I, s.I at tivanot nioinjons~ 

CON VIDENTI 4uL

1:41111.1%E4; fop, I2tI 

IML &A ANN* 

& - U~ ~ 

I mu'.M M"N~b 

*~-A 

aww 

su1aw mllo oftlm 

a,. 

lom 

U ce asusa at IM 

glNmm"T "Of ON WN 

r..I~h N7. 4 m wn.-I I-Y Nwi. Aseikj min .vimiw%. 1..e.; Itutowt 

CON FIDENTIAL

fileow. INl-i niiutl hiiave ver lighft 4 fsvt. :111,1 we. itl3v iiiilioe:iteil etwilitit oad 1 igitinimately 2?4*l rtlutigruade 

aww. ~it Ii Iil~i lu-th fltvti ai,.aielratiua. Ie4gnrvee ill ?4) inin. 'Ill(-~ tavispert~it tinat tile therniifi 

Ona til-eti aternaiI Pirf:are ad t fil- omi% hut'in 6 ug1. a'eiaaili afirvtat n- tl~t. icaej l idja noit thrills thi.it nira-lly, 

tuiial~l ' a~ri~ttii n in tealulierat m1ire, rasillilliasly hie in. liialst iia gre-itir heat Atomics-c in thbat wn-'tiaits. Inthiua 

wm arnww bo Naa'm.. rapi at liri.4.lasu mwumuo Min th64w.hom *J thrIW l 'U wal oving wutv 

at' "low coinftiiillet tlifitaghthelii w-ll the gmtsaer be'ta Iievit 44ratmre h1-sra liinphust 1101-1, wn top flimnini*ý noz. 

insalaP near tit be arign omf rlliiag "-mltt its Itiglivir tent. jinsii tu n peat u 'Ilit lieiiilatitama uto thle iet hod its 

hIA.~iuht iii tha~t regtiats. Fa mier sti tirlximý it 6t costs. malaiviists'; the atha'det uteight 6' [martteiihiday ,intle~iulle 

.et11iiwmtt in' (at'1iiialer the wliiil' toaster ,tiofasi-' ax' hitini in aircraftt glans*. 

tukri 14mvlay 1 rallittitiotn. awiL (to !gl'i OW ('atrirt nit%- Nj ledhumaiv of Cfle' 

N46iiaaiataa plsvm. an insmgsuulant liasrt in% etuumiing. It Alir Ihboxihii 1lit nuitictubly imspro~vedl eaouing rate 

isa, 6l1m111 4-ftimliaml"'" tha~t -0, :a %tiaaillh... sla v. witlls 

dia-gain at a tasprtar'u 11 Cauitt ICI4 ..f tile 

heiat l~w. 6i 1v r~aiatinuit.'" 11iw iiuten~itv ad rathaiajn 

it. givias tl1 thi' 

aus'as.ring altaritmg firijngs maiL.' in vttruiing wind,,. %ug- 

ge"4tea ll thit'ieimimhility of su4ni artificial :air bhiataots. 

'nit. we-iiht otit t her i vpiA ad aimiinhoirtg uipninclt. arum- 

4 tetan-llaalt znann lasw.vteaimto jag)til, 

al Tal - T.,41# 141) 

lainla'l %ith fislie utimtt p6 maalthi i' ad tr WM et anvec- 

t itim in night. mnail.' thiot. 11w nastural rnallthust tame air. 

eminta. Wxiesstrive toutalivt af thisi type ad celaoling were 

in wlts'6I Ta 6t tile At- Autit te'ailworatliret ad( flat- gain tia'iad hooth ifn frititin aittlf inl thisit euiuntv 

stuarfacs'. T, 6. antlaienI temtat-rhsttsr. andi 4. 6a tile 111Q a'awling ,%,.t~elal d-sit 1- ami de mlpolsi in lrit- 

'tnjeuti- jty so( thle harml 4uarfar'e. IfI ia. ins ra:shsria- per tilt bya thei \nvall Air F'ighiting D)aewhipntent Unit 

A-nqmuIl per 0411ssame aent-itinsthar. flia' Valuei od ar it. aasai,uiat, ad a 21 r'n slianat' icte M e tl itue - nrnaatintlino 

.111; x lit ". FurIase theamsp6 jtsm arivvi. wao UALd tile litirrel af the a'ahillwr .3) join anal. 0peM Us hotb 

I - 0.318 and am-. If tlsi,. rate went- tnmintaaa. la gumil assiati A& iMtaxilk~r turn I ins. im 41111111rwte 

.aSteM The 

with a lit-t input i( lit cal rn*in' ione naun' s dtu wail-l fear peirtitim 4)t the Itule anal extenlt i ti the outside aaf 

have it,, lt-at di.isaipastetl in alsmiit 503 me if we aaa.u-an flatii loiwer wingc sqitfase. O ne uma-ernly weigh.'. 2pprnara 

wa~ll rattio ad 2 anal ignore the litta' of clonirilitita imnatAl .i lbt. The wmwinsallifia.t have hart-n nadapted t-sar 

thritiaigh the barrel. Of aalts-v the radiistitom rate slrujpa ise with a nammaller ad tyl"t ad fighter Planeo. Whten as 

rripially with ternpeatasre -. Wt thli.-eniptasizetA theit fim-ining iyt'le tof 3-tavlorx iout at I-inita intervalsitt i,6ed, 

jaartaweuctsihighyraaliatitaaat hirlh tvnaetanratitnw. lthe N..A.F.l).t. enamliliig tithe dloublaes tile alrvtiay 

Ut iuing loa eauvvestiaan 6s fusndameantaslly r~mt'xeu - antd aelaitv-t lift- of rirnaitimni-platesl Iasrrl.-'aranl Kiem 

lial. $iner the, truilling rate- 6. prmipaartiamnal its the alit. muarka'sl ir.*prtivetnet in otanalartl tnPlatt'd Iafilrl~.. 

1fmrta'n'nlotwern ,umrtaer anal aniltient triaaln'rtutirr. as' It will naot, however. hie ad Itnefit itf'uanltinoalla hsn't'tt.l 

gtiven hy ralsonmatiaa 1421. ad IMX nataartlaa are fired. 

- l r. - rA), (421 

A .% pa'esv praltirtant ad test,.4 for performnnc* 

ad :t vartit'*ay itt rixtting dleviceis wra'a carried 1~umtr fo 

thle A~rmyv Air Foarte at Ninth American Aviation, 

,%v ast~a the temnpernture-tinte equation (43): lite. 'lliernittettauphas wiere ftia~eneal to the lIarreh at 

T. - r.. 13 

=T., (13) 

caulitg cti~itvnu'.utt.(rms hetwi taai'tt. 

Sinv rllinKartWH riiil, rim flt-illto no..4A 

f ive' paints ,paar'tl tit 5-in. initerva.-l~ along the barrel, 

as~ioutiinit at a pi tint 5 in. fritmi thle fare oft the receivear, 

TeslarxrzituiieA at theta' astititilno, aaaar? graphed for 

aarflattl tina-. alittinK the, lirings. 11iw-a revuaal.'a wepm 

aet ling -initailtlunetist.4 '. variomtna emopi rit':l n-'litiini iaa.iia Ia' fear at atittill wr iof iritig.thtim htilt' %%it h thle s-everal 

have It-e'n aitliaptei to fl'pflswi-itt tit(- stifilatjtia I Olle t'm w lifix uti l~ntalaimia.. 11x' rimxliatg sls'viaet tetteal tire 

as.-at~inptioniO w&% that a1aailiiig 6s lpraaiaatwiajaas tao filie 

1.23 powear att the- teitipe-raittint' ditttni'ns'a' Atieatlisr 

Almit in aliiranmiut ia'ally its FganeM IT. 

'n'it- sA'aatind of tlie I hsi.'rttat'tuiplt' paasitkoanna wat 

invest igAtiar ` a.ý.auMa' tllt' I an en tat !aa' 5 4 a1114 11141144 al al :1. alirto' 1 t. 111r jiiatli fair 1wrfarflianrce 

i11.il14.ivxrot-rilut'iita:l a la'tartniuiat i- ait f4 l thne jis atorti - a"i:i u %.t ism- mta.humtara' I iaria uai were plaffd 

ailit *'V filaae ta 

ia. .l~eal'to 

-otr Ilt 75 .. iith Wlll pi~. lit iig aIl tail I;i t Iliii I Itit.. Te1'a isiartitasia'v fiateta fair :a givelt cooaair rep. 

Wini~ td velaa'tt '. 1 1iu' -111ilals ugj:ip nt".aats thie nimiaalusr of( ritainil' that cain Ise fird ench 

CONFIENTIA

vosiiumt. tlun-orh a liciruIl tI.:,t Ij.:auunv ,ww d 

is i,,.m~uolinit ,niv,wory. somirr.& Smmo.. rtlorfliti~mnm 

tuiiuj 36rnt11 1011~wt l F. 'Aijli..a1t finlrumr nuo-utuE ,llgffic,,lt1 iins-i ~trtslf wui.tfwt.air (wfiePoiact. 

its tervl.i51,tifl app;nvinhl~y. N,,.nn~i-ro an.i. ,gro.Iuhiiral 

methoSS6u-~n weir l~.Ju (-Sr #khtor,.,ining tlut 

T4.I.i ha~ve. rv'qntl~v Iw.l nuowirart the Naval I'rut- 

inic Gnmentil #On file retoling *4 4W g0oittAvW hw gllix 

P149 a Ma I.wt~r VillA -US III.. tild Ij.-411"rA1111V (G., 

ins pch-ew in Tiulih' S. .Aa umioiiri"l rilmorr pabstimn I*w 

I. 

onoio" 

sncrW. L'ttddSZ 

ini *W 

1 Wia 

4 

..rnu...5. m. t.n Uir~lt m- a 

twtvn -hi-. !3ortqu F a,,ul 11w litigitI 1 4d else l..rn~ii. 

o~i~r initial linNru is give ti1 .%. rplifuio 4 if. 

Ino ,lingen"W ' v high tirmlihrmtntt is I1N% coil. 

In Il 3m -in. Vi-rM. prin jrtrsm oiuinftillin- 4 rti4io 

I -tli.3F 12 + 

.3.3.. l:.r t4fri-t .4 ..cirnaI .atrr4,amolinx 1wy hiwoov 

+ 41.4r 1141wa Prie-4. .Afl,'r ft.. rhai i( irinw. 2 prurt~ile Lxi. in- 

At UESt ? - uingli olmle a.10 .6viit'l~ .uplmin . m..W 4 uu(,.ive. stinleI in Ihe lwnrr4. Tvisiom furatu untirr tiw- lImnir 

Wsdvv J"~LIS.IX twdmiooi.. . ". lwoorn4itha womminew awal uns6-is II.. ImutinhI Vnew Gwi lmm4~.i~~ $lmo 

water rlimilatin1g fimmigru.i s jm-ke~t mov Ili#-I.~imnI itatur wa:. u.;qis.lt4. dnfela r.*u l a- it couhfinnhm'.I ti pLiy. 

was nmt,-i~llo..I at.I :iuI.4ilt ll;SV~,a:..I1. 

this 1Ijsis SO imi..i:llat iinu i. t..-asibi,. if Ii:.10 rww44.ISO, IN-. 

VITV 4frtrmive...~~g.u.i maraimjgu Will. I.:ai.* .. mr. 

%kimil (*lJ,.tovt. IN. tor it( Olperisl reumulanu has 

oo~t., Inv,, .ti,wuith*r. I'rrlninxir r temSits n4 vouioling 

th.viti- whit-l initaas lioluswfit..l (0hinto the rhmlavnhsr"( 

Stmwt ral,. the. Ivafi 4 v:.lwonL.Itwi'o is toiiol I,.* ISSr. phivalv.I L.lmortiliorv. ." (hip h,,nduad.-nsinnl hISSISMts. 

snitfing himuling ..tf .4 tim-. wullo. 

TIn.wptU ~ . in. lan ereittlivivuu anp wraco.i dig 4 .4 

with a 2-mmn infilmil lortw,.'n houals. orem finul its a 

nr-w ltst..4 ain-ieu loarroi. uitnaa AP-112 £UstamIImiiai 

11m- rife .4( hjn' mm~pr4l AM4 rpmu. Resulto ,J.,wrqi 

.atooA oar t airna tI mudm.EIt'SI..'n4 

Naling .u,.g lmin ai .ir~ui rmwnp.rilim with Paritier lirinpr 

I...d. ua.thu ~ ra~nnt .4.1 ai *wmo minilsob-ilt.. mivnlarlt(r. tharee obsirt xtu(q""~ in 

p.. the. mair~enol hiaumi. '11ir amawent cof ilkJ mbatl Ih'.t 

TqW - SOSISmaSIS tuealmv firinic id SAIII nrtwo& wMw 4.4 Ilk. 

u,'..V~g..,i~i 

- - ~ - - - ovi~jrdiwi Spi~yo. V,...mg 4 thehwls IJ lw at ,.wxilo 

A. ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 

cI. Fin. Sme.i.tA", intoSt IC4t nisni WImaller 

i j Nf"rwa dgeitiuueol: :intl it ha..G Ia'r" .. gAIte. that for 

ralitar tannum.n thw itulle might 1wr rvatikil lq* 

tawoiguas -..tapl 14 tlfunp~ing %%-ltitr tlinue'gde tlw lms,'ls'vtwrr Iamot. The 

1.II. nitifnuft -,.J". ,,,t.oni (i.r iutilr near, ImIt~ 17 

L iA.Soraut m.9..tupr nmit -livv-. M 

V Aftw!. ni...t-..tur.,i.t 101 4ý 7 

C.. fllowu vlxotit. .1e -4"W 

II. 4Atlo £WISS'tISI W na4it 31 

grunirral pr;i , en iti(4 uiitli&,tjutpi .4 the listrit lar-it of 

va;xxWimtiuml .4 water has lawn. frtqpwnatlv tiwtlied, 

uixntil injn'titpnmxca~ingc ha now lates .kimeksupe.1 

liwheinitiail %-.(k in tliisuletvelopmuent was ,lsw-w wth 

J. Triidp im' till. S,.tu 4" -i ... fium~ fl.-mw js 4 r ,*nliue-'.50 h..,rrvienblhyIinnlin Unh-rwty for !he Army 

I. Ta-u jet tuuta. s.ttv 

I_. T". it ism 

,.41u 

ti~~ tongui.utillY 42 

O Irunanrec Dopainwttnt. it-lug a n~w S millting 

lilli~ld. .AIth."Ifh eria~ imkprmeinent in the 

hill mintwt at ISSS"H ju,.-kr Iu..f. W. t5.fuwiIminlrt ,4 ýtv airemff litrr wm funinl" it 

l14. m.W.... at .. t6t 4tim.t 

Jet: :iu.tovit hm.ý1.4-. i.ul.Pu1 giu.hue 

Vs 

53 

was nomt iRutrmet an tl,, piuned luy the iw oiE ithey a 

o.el t( luuiner Zimt.r 22,n two-t. w il-iue t rnlintr Im 

.3.4. *,wI x41 iu-rtmment %%it IvI itfl -limii. Irmltsarr4 xii,,mnuiuman. 

* J- ' tIIt~t .u9( 31 plart~l hri-INt. udchivi-nAl luy I ivisum I Ain,4Ixs~w.t ill 

T1.0uu. IS it -k. ... ~t. 

T-a-n..s Ju-Lc, tJii. (-m.. .-.4I.. 

l 

I 

ftriu Iter imprir, ,,tv.it ill t he (l.rilvir bY the IL-V of I4 hii 

l Iiii. ht ill- rt-itit "i:Is uuu,t (Jitilhintl in gft-nIlI 

Orw iut t. fi-11..u LI..I. I I Oit.ii.It %%itI It ir .~,..p;t. urrlom.. l.',ithxri-o. he Ile I- 

1'. t' t x"4 1,1p. 11~.4-vv :scii in. itm Imrt,i iitrcq t au, .err,'r".41 the 

- - -fic - - - -. i r n f t. 1( 1114. Join, 

.J.V. V.*i..u i. -1 *.........t .... .. J iiru:i..t. ii.tt- itsh. . .qtf, l-item 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ONI~:r 0-týv 

ý4- ~ 

ýt0AL l 11-.1,fý L,114 

- 

coN v P k

.'ti~naiiar inj..wlitowtmivorIMijI4i tha:t www join' a1~ %v~e~iKa 4b( it. 17 II) idf waitei;r~nq sa~if~avt. 

Pal Wa341rs %or v ' 

W i4-111ial l.- s1m-M-nivI loywI..fm Gw Pin.lm a , m~ at G-idI ruasnaIl p-r nhitinfe. *Ilijlm 11a4-14 

Unjvrp.aif%-I& ftsr tMeW-~m, ia~I1At~anaI the 155i. tisa 14-iix~r~attan- Wi 09) F ~i'h very 4 'ight IiiimlfJ-m 

mon most. NI * tmr Iamm.% ttd.. Iamrp it w:,mA lihmaa'ilme~ itsn four' pgr~anlit. Fiir: IaiKIK't ryrfir rate, 0.11 D cii of na. 

imufoittisomtoo h o yim naaf mpt. e cm ewiw.1 trr ,m i to niI pn~woar.&W riw Herp 1.53ammpin, I Ib o 

:ali uitUII'IIEr itoqa~nt fli rihm, mmmdjpm,.m. lw'q. rmmmm. water Wv:og iiije'itie its a3--- i-yra'. AIth tulw 4itp' 

'~d~via'a wmai~e'aPiA ht-1.~Mmeono~t Pnin~rmwihtK :falm. writing~ phe ttl wen- buring cisrtinwAl. 1lwcy hindrkaa 

atmizzip'~w mati:nwall *v lxi~mStiimvo. Water waoS m4tam9I fapv italmr ntaiI r tame% G shipi, niefluii 44 ci~miing nas a 

ttd3 anj f~t It~I 211111*. 4. a time. ME-nionu tow-nme sf ninmhirpg ctlociun. 

CO FIENIA

fI T'ifflgm S. Inmlf 

i~I W i) 471 TIN K Ai a loveintimn.immvm we Atomll iii,. te in Wrnemil tetma 

ILA Natture antiof l~miwtamo (iwtutrofieht lmmii is( tIN i-arltU4S rqwi-.% float mar It' rICqwk-tid 

rpftttn Vr~ mionlo hr .me in 'A tune :111timeavail. 

omit in the iithsen.mtwon4 uutwt'rleul i sif to vJmqic .vR4;%vsxo 

veloowity K(l~iaute'r I Iandi neuwi. julinsnlri vn .4nterii 

FomcAaa 

3.51. artumal vpgmmm fall far A,ieuwto 't w :mlevui. aueul geven 

1-hoot 41( the In-Wore :ltatm,:Inai. mwmrul tId an etlivivill timer. 

At flu. rfsoneolrtrinhtt od affititort. in opn utiu' lel~w. 

;110 rmwmvrnti'lwual twitmulvil itrio~ertiliwi. the ti-ith ~.tit 

inomlrnatnem tntiimw.. lit srvcral flIA4tt*. thIem ltitnimuutl lin-A~tint %iiI liw. Iuiid riwmuminn'd tug the am'uwlerntinx 

osoureet to iewfiviawrY. 1irenstal muwsa fte time Immmi. ImgLm pe'ruw11mn At 11m. Ve'ry plat. with fiTIti armntiunifitiif. 

liven uiloit.uia.wt in the Itiermifinst rhaptm'. %noithm 

nuvi inquirtamt raml,4 mwt sminni-owthe 

pmreujerrih'e raint her in'laumI (no" the ma~p into 

1 twrlsoturtnorn in whini-I it ittmerimumgwvul 1lwtenfi~liorwaotWthe m ig iflingpeinow 

. tnit. a fartim, t( mono wewew1,11 rtrinvenm in tme',r rns. 411. Tim.' tWeti'r M4111jn~ im IfI -VeX the MIutitiuug Wool,4 

cu.,. need a printe lartimw in tIller e'rratic Itthavioem. io, a- iletisnuminrul (non, ",.iatior" frmutu in whaich the prothe 

sionlojerr isf tho premmit cheaptler. 1wirr fnritiom. jet-tile i,. ,4.wly fulrrl a I hrmi~h flu- rifingui in it tiwling 

Iamker the' "riefng oE himi. biimait it t rnot.wmIowua w A eia.uus'fbumpti i 1te,?k~lim in.3. 7im fw yeI 

itsejovietio all the (nm'e't that .tuw limeo the'ertm etumeinel foo'norave- Itmeon~f mmetal it ix-Iwmintby'the 

4E the proijet-lile. 4-uwminter lte he feiwrt- r'n'irmIl oat the pri~nrrwu ceh.erilveI in .' t qrtinmt 7.3.5 awl tin uWer'Wtim 

lo-e of the pmujoriik' bty tim. pre-onwir t tlx mImeptatwskr wer~wete.e fre~. uiuwio iwIN-hr" fill handi Unit the 

Mo. WoV will expipnmo, the frnicw amtion u theem'rr per unit l"awnimrfar-e. ln Epttno in whichi thme pruujeetile, i6 ramaimn 

that re'wi-tt tlw- areeweh'ating pm,n.eem' rn Itoit% leetwe mW41 hownem nvinimt 11w flintring color thewee rngraling 

to( the prmijertiie. amnd mlenmus it 1ev M'. mto-eallY in i, mit*m res-fainK tot-ri' will Iwr utq'rative' at tihe vt97 411111. so 

tof Ileotiwandlio m p-mtemnlu per winian. inch. kill inn.,. if tihat file veimeity m( time prtuim''iie 6~ xWu as it entit 

flat inerial mawpo teE time prnmjmrclh ioe mo. the orrilmo.tmee. flei foon-jg oritot. maial the Aatidiitg frictlions dmmring firtimmall 

ateit lo the lamor .1. X. thw t-mamliumate id lie ins phomilt lor 1w. elivak'nt tit thei mietetmined St~ati- 

Projectlek rebmi~al ' tol fltin um. l andti I' time prewoam cn. mm rlly: in minow gino with flxmi mummumnititim. howeve. 

the loose. 4i tile praujeo ilor whl-en it i6 at X. emtmmuttitn flit. pruijet-tile will IL-mv, trait-leld tii the unlter of o 

(ii ioe tilt- tumainfamlumtal mmIi t. le% alum-l tp gelmijne time te-nth ofE a m-aIilw' noal have am-inputedi an appri-istiiblee 

ft-men... vigtiemitir Imetuwi' ragrm-img liefnum. In all mes~' the ic- 

- ~ - -~ 

(I) loeimti- will iom nwrealme imnng engraving. With inerms..ed 

mot 4. + P.. vei-Ictai tile rri^luM~new IIm imlitetma imftirnramtiemi will ii.. 

c-reas~e. andl hencethe lii' tiraving fnritionmi ill fall IW 

'lime lmmrgi-t puiit iori~ thfIisi, dI~iap te itt clalecmranmtq limw tlmomt ft- win Catically.. 

witl% ime mm'temthmlo uf mleferaniunang tlwmaeritn-umftainit 

S 

prt-,stirr. in le~m, h prmr~miri. amid tintit- .woirs, 

%tic Iim-nntime ne-ia-mangi ;rcs-emrn-mt cf ir' trin-tilo nmmmm in 

t1-ril-ininen fIo rwte.-idlt omuminintAimni mrasoinitm tu Iilesso 

IDT-0F 

io--Itm 

Aftemr t li- 

IITO 

teto! 

Im-ti trmmeamt it to( I liN- Itattl to fit Item' KV'uNmvC 

4u1 m:1mmtatam'- inl ther im:1m6irir-ings vaam~-mrrjm-nI etwt ;i, i-lxt mit of lit- riflimm- is mumitnlm-Im'. fix-' passive resistan-e RillteE 

time liutautrammu I,( iisi, .. I it ( znlm-rim-k (( ~imptm-r enin-r1ite-lm i hm lwmmmtl ql4-o~nt,4', grm'lit, imeimig ett diw(ime 

ltflmtelll lit m mitrarfum'm-l. ~ fm In oniman 'Iithi int-reame- 

(;~1 ~ .,-I (~ t~mt metsut.d ~~m~mjug. ii ~tiv virrmm avm mgin-mltI . titiin Ilimrtlimtimtit time trivel. 

t.msu.leem N~mawwu.u ti-us 4MetL m nuwl. %imAlu it itt virtie.-mY m-timpl-ti' aftert tihe rear 

CON F1D NTI %L I_1

it( tin lionil hnst 4-atornuI ftoe nri-idil 4~ rse"Oullmt Wood llatkelI Joust. Tlt- r~mmtaim'..s.'. Wei; Will flowt i31t of the 

4,611ltt-r.1 I lk' -Slrblt et.S ilii.Itint *4 frirtiilin 1' * S aaait, miz. lNot its rite'. Ioflimw ira~nit exemvfl file Velocity 

prutworiiwi~aI fti M'.. tinim-tn.-u of ..sievwat .4( tin- 

.tttfarm (I nitl ;arrssanri. no4 r~rsso by 

.( os.iiml I~~ L IM , '(im 6n unlwimcd ti L m, eriat 

Ilimat:ftir flu- pfloijtilel vel-w-ity e~tv'eis IMttM rn. 

- I - (2) initmottlaat; Airtn an ,waza. plot, with a. mumzzle, Tell. 

city to .4A1M) 3,00X fia.tenl sIl pn. r'titlea to 

whren 6 io lthe l-togth 44 lutani. 1) tVo toi.' iliaaiitwtir. iian'iIKstrjtinSIi hite ,lt4 tV 

sintl/1weruwffi..ienmt offrictiion. .Asihiseuowi lls. ia,(1inii- el s11114ri4l piiii1"ll, gIte slIqiaf. inch. 

ter 76. 1*6 hlefirta.14" inIy tim n Aitifza i'mtnt a,11w flu- w. 

'hir pnmAqn.: it is an1sevi a funetlla of ttix- nWtatire L Tiopiral Vzbwi.ala Cirit 

opivir the lenigth t4 Ilsewo~an. smu 1k'neag i. Plw In muo.44rs.n4 n~.tc.~4it4t14mi 0i~i.~ 3.2.21 

wanl.. tilt- moozzir. Fur m~aw#t Imaumtsio 1is of tim- iwoler it 54 Anu iit, roivii-iet~it too ls- iiii' A~ inlie two, Iwottiimns. 

id 311 Ito 711 kill, ho.. Tiilt- u~ for frictiinif. uA it, Thew n-ativelv Iaaagewtresliat ims-fiondoingengravIU. 

well kntewn."I temixtooI. iIt-wnniq' rapidly lawliw its, ~Ing 144 Piet isual fit, file iartitE Irn;-iat A; it i6 a*-. 

tAntic rubs' Itwhieh fito nsnmpe'r-,tetd i6 of tin, imler i4 ,.ntompl that nit 15*415 .4o the lirojerihtitt. itrotr nntil 

0I.;1 with iNflY3*Sini %icoitwity. it 01.t,.,is~ 1460~ 414111-114 /o - 1... Thlaevafti,.rif ilt as...maaw fin ht P, is a CMntosd 

te umalitwitiva toi. tat 4411"'M 10I lkitmi. living fitewiuoil 

hvy InIotwatjefii .4i the Lon-, .ands Jetauuinit 

sta;nt lnteir~imu I'x. It istappawna fat,,i the ,lisu.- 

.4.. xi%,riflhnt thims nlmwvent.' a .'un..ideranetlul' refusrtherifas"arfaciaa.r 

JteaamI 11,41a i..t. e'It.1 si. mpulifia~ation of the Inv coosr-te i* i the faiction-time 

thetory u( the healngiat(t. rvnftntig Ineiti,ta indiri.'ttro 

1 

that nuelhjiagtf the hada.. seftar.. uwestaw in antnnr guam,.; 

1116 ill evu~komji 4- tie knono, fatamis . rtolugevuagtto .1 

thve late ..emrfaeer t(Slerfoi MU.41 sen Iv 41win'rt awa.iw 

frie'tioaim4tuael irun.. Tin' .itnanliom ii. illustratetd 

acna;:lai.'a*Iy in Figuret 1. A~ typical il p rci.a -tinw aand 

*irnn-tarI ravlairen far tive U4a. guta m then. Pat- 

sia. 1 iefittm .. q~i.laehmwMib 

iiw~vnto" it.. the inaufaw,'l" tfrn~mrunrma. fl.maa f :'nd ame tlesrilmei later, as instil to follow the general couawe 

P.. will tIn- coinpanatirc-ly loaw for inuauh oftit-. taura; imithin:'.l iam the prr"ri'ingdite'uaswi~v. AWhen plotted as 

the bItter peivibialui Imetuaw I kilt in.'. a function tof trael, the hiharimnpaving friction is olot. 

ltowedo by a rapidi deerraoe to a nmath lower level. Tloe 

Bomr I%'G HAVIN nonmrntiumal friction. with PA - 4 klh'in.1 and e - 

0.14. ist plotted all the tI-utd ruaarcs. It 'a ms" that 

All. thme prj'rtivi le ninjaint. r,.t'arity. however'. mtimer whitl' Ilaere is coluiideraI'le diffem.nce in the frictionfactuor. 

will enter to incravse P',. Wiht incrra..ivig wour 

emthefi lonto. anti e'lw'rtillry in pairtizaltr ertuit't guin%. 

ft iaaealrv.'s. the nn'a.utnileath,. friction-traxret curves, 

whichbdrtt'rninis tlirrae.'crgpeiqmuued in overcoming 

the lopajertite tannot n'namin rnari'eml in the tauve. friction. ast &dm Ivy 

The twgummireit wilt comen in rimtntt with tthe taurn at 

irreguatrn intervals amnd nith x:iiving isatenvit 'y. I", ex 

tiefir m~a-,v% this lint-iL.itsa "twaitr a'aanrzing." wherein 

impn-ictwum .4 the rifling tire fiaenel 1to comsioIeranie 

depth. (lim ela'ationn .4( this phnta.aanitnom Ito nuizate 

eropitm ant i un prf(wmnuane is ilisc'atii'ul in .' 

',- I PA.(3 

j'i.I f, 

3 

air.ntot gra'attv in diri'rrince. It 6fi faathcato benot,,d 

that excetpt ;iruming cuapaving the friction is v"r 

saintil MaIati-e to the tur,,u rr. nmau that therefore, in 

4 erftiein 

lO.4.tfl.)Stich IwtirraleI.Impre :atidtlovo twwIm~iae tttntaomt 

owirt'. fto ilt-termrine it uitih any degree of accuracy, alt 

Iafr l-N.1verinveautal fart,. .nacainx into its calculiation 

amatmt i cntrltIi..,. eeI', wa~i.'a~aaatiilitiat it numtt twp knoswn with great poraciebwo. 

IS' it iatat'ti i .eti aia-nop. INo~t %%ir Iisiny %atol'traa.*tnsasl. 

,'uaioly in time atmiol iailaaot .'4 fats,, rolindit;, riumail. 

0-2w:*ions OF DP*.TFHNtlNtNG FRICTION 

BACK~ Poto-:mvitv or (;.A* 4.11. General Di.eu~ssion of 

%s.. the projt'ttitc nitl%,,. u irwnm alip. ami e, it etam- Availalide Mtethods 

preii=a tt' ais uh.'nil.4 t.twi I tt' t 'raina:l,h prei-vie.tt 

atmumphe'.' antd :anv littth.r x~a-- athat maytn have 

luavitag ..k.the'tI that pu'utr~al frattisrcai of t he paula 

taaaa of lIon frictioen. we now ili-irimn' the nittautis by 

Cl)NFII)FNTZAL

pv&a vA * -r -*v 

V V 

-GIN 

-. ..~. ... .-....... 

to 6 Le 0. 

X- J~f ~ NIU ~ LPW IRVLT 

UI. at1 %U" u% dI -ira lfilo ir" io-a losA .m o 

3%i- it - el-riiti rm ij qt..-ie % ihteNm i -on nem -i rw r~r t 

di - apUvaii to nvpi m tt ut-I st %Jmae twvn 

Staim 

Ii i heal~* sn 

1) swmri; rir tear--kfIil,4W lel-4 

Pýiil-gao- -th- -rru 

thi I.- iiferiir mtaiy oacil at -sntaI4 iaip 41-I- io4 -nio Sifmiitol 0o'aci 

ill Iiv Stch hvets-nm- IW tlI 14 ~~t1fl--ihK 'I V I r.A ie 

fl-1111"i"I'lf avrIt'l 111i~~k I-viijlliii4. r-41t. i~at4 Im- ime Fitdh-Ifirr rt- ndiertnw~htm 

Not ptii-mdini. ty % lof icht~wfrictim avramiIWI 2 ~lS 

lkvii.I. o il4..lmei n-ilwr ie ili~ (1) n j:` I 1M p lioilf ~a ''a w--ar ivia 

CONFgIDENTIA

pearls aw thle lw.:.t itillat tit tile twin- itcrfacec or tile 114aw intit tug lie m' (which im ccatl at the mOmentt the 

vitrain.. in lthe tulle. %aell In atsini thesec inifirct incthi- lianul e'a'chi-e it) :at a rate dQ,.11l and into the band 

4A4e a tditiuction ieern Iii- ilrawrt Ite'nomobaeleiSlli-ti (which rnpitily heati up) at a rttedIpi/de. T7he ternrueeulitiunst. 

in 'ahirh fihe frictieecc:1l fum-''v4 nia iv l t -a ism. leeratatre cAd the interf-tee or hand .'eurfae, Tel. le- 

61MIq for *tny.an baMltie tMclAtibat$; mdv im 416- ppft. an thies' ratwn .ael Stir th'tuuiA l matalis OWL 

latter are the -t''tilts intl sener-iinrfil for the firlinK lsj.4tcwr 44 lbuh ,eaerfact". ('eInailring the interfaft to 

prw'rimm, lbitt it 6st e.tramwely diffiijairt to -. p~aratc' Cie Ipt. a monuoth cylinder, of diauw-tar D and band length 

crnlec'c'al'k' n-!%1,eelts se' to frictiott fruits thtxe aluc' tier 1. the rate' of lerat prioltictieen per unit area 14 interthe 

arcti'n ut the powder. (-I 

dQ, _ I ., IP.V' DP.V 

as*: OR" ;JA- eda 5- a 4b 

SiT.Ttn PcetH TKurs AND ST~xM L4LtNi.T dtl lt 4 

T'net Meudli 4A hand prv-.Airare m re'fttedl.%tre,.--, let 'Iwiantont of hecat pruahaced ait any ptint equate; the 

.les'rilecil in in.cir' dtetail isa (liaptar 7, and net-d only. 

lie' nuratmoeme at thi-e point. Th'le c(stt'i-statie ptisuh 

rate' tlme'ee the contact tine, 6!1'. In the cutoctcmary 

I'~silsil4 umnit e(in Cal At~-ce Pin kib/in.2), this i 

of~i."" 37-insit and 7,5-mimn ptojertiltv 4e varai- 

AisL bawal ak-41igne are of funamnel~gntal inipurlaspip in - Q0. + Qi, - 1.0)IGDP.. (5) 

relating lthe mapiiiudc Alf thie rnpraving frictitintipt4 If thte frictioct is not produced uniformly tat the [itterthle 

hatted dillhatW.wsii anid ls',itni, but i1ive owily tin faic (it will be greaater along the top and driving ý.Ar. 

upper limtit fr~ the actuali valsie'.eof I'.to lx- enetn- taco of the land than in the grooavs in all gainest, 

tered in tirinics. Th- nmathenmatical theury' 2 ' t 1 m of tile cequation (4) must be modified, but equation (5) will 

4'tsft itta ppin tuba'- iluriug tiring ruettaina nelatiejcta Iaucid. = Ciaia the band to to ;L mtitr. AA ur!iLar 

frioe wil"t the (rietkin, sany lx- dvlA'tcl frtom ,ciuts. ternlmtmg 2. we lann. 

tannetid nacamtreem Nt. of ltec a~ial and tangential 

%etrain in thle barrel as ic cln~crilpvod ina A~c.tion 7.1.4. 2l, A(pi ML 

Ther friction 6c, lpowevrar. a erefct Wcemlua tinde no de AV/ -- Vr?, G 

estimkatesA of its magnitude of any amtrurasY have VA and T, in turn is determiinedl by the integra 

We ben obetained fruin availablek atrain datil. 

F.%LUen AVES V0wI Therm T, ie-o -pe~, I 

Mesm- mr.ntscfe~ the tritnperataise ri--v in th. e' ar,. The iintitltaztcouscolAutiun of equation. (4),(t6t, and 

tel and at tile l~ind-hetc'e inte'rfac'e have. tieen mail,- (711,16Me A and I' as functions of 1, permits thedetet'. 

when standard baill N12 hNihtia wan'e furced thr,,sth nmination of T., Qjb and Qj.; conaversely, if T, and V 

.eelions; of calibper .50 laarre I" Itot nonhealliet ic tel are known., P. and the Qs may be determined. 

in which a fallin,- weig~ht andl pit'ton arrangement In the falling-weight tests, V', T,. and QA were do. 

furted tlk- tecdlat throutih the bumt at veoucitiem Ali tu termined, the two last being in agreement under the 

60 fp4c, and lballisetic tirin6N. with cetaundard and me' theory just sketched. We find that under the eon&li 

duertd char~tas oef IMR powdler, were' perfornnad ,k liones of thetse excperiments Q.* and Qt, ame Dearly 

sie'ritled in :.4ciiem 5.2.2. Theiir principal aimt wasA to equial, oo that the a% ernge 

at almate the cmtilntsOtlion ei e thle fric'tifmnal he'at to the' 2QJS 

ole,.crvecl heat iniput in catlilpecr .50) enit'; Neot it aluca P, - .37 1.040 3.SQ,,. U 1' - 40) fps, P. - 15 

appetrAca lxrJs'ileht to ilete'tf eltin~tee r4tin. Pn-'slln* klb/in.*;. and at 1* tIM 0 1P, P - 12 klb/int.' 

frnsll a~ 1 . ansOf thi-4 tape', 3S 11tY 6-' ScA-n frogt 

thle' fe4lluottilK ..ilaiua ba-eel tin .1 n~pet 4 al lit the beallistic firings r, was ueaulbut since 

lthe theojry of the heatlirneat of rotactinr laanqt,c. the tiniaa-travel relation.4 of the projectile am- onl *Y 

Thr -e m rgyu oee rricieci Relt A .' eeIv-Wl liee c'emteitwiu (31., apelrceCisn~tt(', auin prearnue dat.A am- lacking, it is nut 

"-ill altte.:&r a.t., hevat vaiverat,41 -at the. intice-f.c,', lte the. levis~ilile to tiay aore ablotit tile' friction thant that it 

e'tame'nt Utatt 1 P. e'ect -IA Un.'-basa'i frict-icee. It %pill Wa*t Allfticient to raij-e ltle leea~i~luitt temperature int 

CONFIDE."IAL

11tv"11nPe or ,wtv.PMRIONc VNliHY11111. 

lise jgntrrf-e I-, tif% melti'.gt ;liodnt, %bit? wmilsl row- N*.tnI 3-1"i. join. Mark VII, and id an "~prnim.'Alj 

n-p....' Iol a P', .( 3 too 10I Lilt in.! .l..riiK enmint 

r~mm- 4ltruair. 4 initerarl:. tempe"I..tin-A. in 

;74-,.m. pin. T17j.,At IN- ohe* .rliniatii.ll .4th.. frir. 

ti tsrn. rjim.6q. firittarei~ vkl.,riit'.l its (elopler 4*;wr Wil 

,ftoj61oint-ti66n with, nowe Phi' iir- :-ant i ':.t.inhIIIt 1614i ho-n' m~ea-it iliti' JIM- nI.*tlso' 4diiL 1,1113it mnint manl intr. 

rnigi "iw ho rabiroM' wawftl iml wramminei% vvrilpr..i p,4amo lw' th ata "&.tikrr Joe th f'irtwam. T hk-A 

RtIi'lwt 4rtiifsl. 4i this' elaptef pfi'!tft am# i~t'rmco a 

11 D'lirect Dl~etniiuiiatioin Isis fe fo he niwuto.. 

- ~.~.. ~1)",m ww%..Tw, 41V I'soommi,,.r A.1-F.ucaxvr 

.4 lotoo' (rictilo.n. :,m'lemrtomn. anti lta.. pntWrn amas Thu. OmWhr-easim .. t6. prnji'-tilmofre 4WomoiW 

thuir "wth..I. 44 11A.. are .l...rniffel in,.4..litirn 4.3.3. (nen vidser the lss~iri~rn tofthe. priij.rtief, ort liv p.4. 

Foirtlkh' nlititirn 4J"mild Iniwor Its' flsirli 64 ilk- hint. twit. vel"tY, a"Ii anrIv..r:tiomid th $Pon.'~ in swuuj. 

(rcimi.rn lilip %%hic .- Iss Vooov~iaqng l a pwnw~oln'witgr 11m- r-vnwl i36 pr-o~issei-mtfli ti fix- iliplu'rinwnti d tho 

111.0111t4,11 in the a-4t.' .4( the' poi.ji'i-til.. An am-.'rat,'ul w.r'ik. the1w imwow r findl uIsotore xam. mome .inipImo-4un' 

g~kuu' will fl4'wnoiifl mot file Imm~men mpplimd 

to.u:1k- psiolto, Isll tht.w iiiffennw.. Pwttwee' fi-, 11w pn -mor i 

(owinlY andi if fllww i.. nos. rr.imane' .1g. tip thr m'itii 

si' u-k whil-te 1'piro~ifleei. n'mainia in the Rui.. 

and l o Giver (w ee r imiit anra ni'iih'do tu twe'r~rinfoe the AnIv..ix.4otlwn.."A littga..d~slta~,icI wythirari. 

imnvr#' tof the powhm. BY rinif..mwtiiig the' iii-4i% ofs ist n1. jl,.numix~l. lead. its the iirnlm'hisoa that tiv.I- 

I hat I iw' r-iti.,.4 ,(to fluir... torob '.n wrfi4 etait lial I'.p tha t imnliating illinlnhient. Ingstzanv i'ehoionctir, East 

.4d the prflljý-ot114. Ii,.- ftwwt' u.' (4o'vt.%. tlv1wpiIr 'in vrloIwix-wt,'r mlutiol intiurtzin".i'lirferrntiatur,i'it.tI 

9 

the rr .tnl lwertmwo. jw..pnrti~nall to the diffiftnmge aerelerimmweri .1.. now gite rr,.nltme that may fir apiX4'A-me' 

the a,"" lei',i.n 4d the proijectile tritl tihe pliedl Its the' uhlt-trninatitym of frietiun, ptnlmli1 hiepomoeai~irr 

istMweis losnmomhw. t6A he toIlke fct-1i..n. rai'a-v .4 vilwatiomn. in the' gin or in.trnumbett. 71m' 

Asoiri mawl lami prr'n'.in. milepw wpm' .insilar, ..t.p-l iyv...el re.-nilneter', however, pie.. results, that 

with effectively infiesite aniwl a'uima.. ff the Isistio. air. in excelleknt linear r'iatiiin..hip to the hemot deter. 

.1 Iftt!ivel'yi minitation tifprnqrrtiih rPm4 ton, safler the firsit Si. h of 4 

lh ieprfurman.'e 41the puil'ditlnutemptiiuthe "-c pnijtertih' travel. inilw':tinX that the recoil is ravrellent 

principle ii tof .im e .tnol ti..a. muiniv liwramoto tiallyin'. fr nt.i that lim- pmosi *fi nde Woo cameim tiailw 

af 461Iri.trjon of the -signal. Stopw. inionericul tru'iollstor -w ,ini(twmA li' r.l. ht,.L 

the frictilin in a 23-ron, Ihii..rpn.S-iiim A~A gion were 11wr n'eriflhtimei ,Iala, while Of ~Witil metnrlrr are 

Obta#ined.; the ma-iniuns A. f-w a nemimliv' .4 ninnil. nutf ,w em~ett..ve m-t l1w- uf~qlui'nin wnt diata .zbtainniu 

avemcmi' 9.4 klfl jn.2. andl 1h rrirti,.n qi,,i klv fell Is v ' th micrilwave interferimicter. Ihenre the lette 

fnan. thii, prek vaha- .-ittiainetl in the fir..t mi~liwq'nnl nfor to lie pnfrfrm'l in nwumaiaiini fuictitin. whem theroS 

edJtnivel to aiwaut i.l1kil in.2. 11~ ntnimlmwr% trri',#. Iwnv. loen c.htinmnorl with gundl r'hinl,.lity, asia ther 

tT'fol~l vioncetai:, l ll.. fiitiiiu-i-tine eta-v. wma. n~ol 3-n. gumn; iNot lie vrmilnueter uppearso to fie a ..inupl 

mr'mim..1,wjlc flo.n rimaril tu mnwind. an~l ,.huwi'. w'v- anul gurn'(ugl in,.tnim.nt. by- %hich a numb.'.-u .proistfs 

mrl sha.:rp peak.. olrqnipnjg nearly to& zrri, 41l.:nng 1wim- fotfile ilisplaiia'nent-tinse etrver may lie fubtaimorl. 

engraving pirrital. IfIlsew oljffliroltit-A '4 lr.-v('ntig 11w' mlirni~nve inti'rfe,'nirnatr sgit' .- omi-etiuill a 

1.. i. Nlizatt iu ,*nIM1i. Im'.er'iw I w-w' wl llw..l'4 nuiirla Witiltm.it 111i~f n 619O' i.~ prj t'ii'w Kin ina:nyi'.'.gaa- 

Ive -of mtn-44eraW floort'. .'riau mwt v. Ili 11w :Io3iui. Kion I lie pnmjvrtilor rmemaitim west. 

l"Ime7i , l. it ,r 1111) p. .ints pcr r. cidt (rawui f*4 19'art .4( 

Semn-,,idirrt lDet-rmniiuatiu mis tint-u-Ie tu. alent I ft fra.. the .,,azl:-, with -t tritive 

Rali~icFiino erir'iuv tii almml..uit1t11 ft. TI.. ahiitri,# *atcrwryva. 

'11M. 0I:1-44,1i nivii,'mo I I "c ui'rtmilitihm (rufici a npor m.li~i,m t .. uziviiho- liv I.:.rimi ei. .jit in r,4%H:it,. nosy Imr 

llaiiiý l, i- ie'.t urira'nt -iew; th~at .4 :.lYitigZIrlia i r~ht, fit.. Iu-ttr t bai 03.02 ft ; hiowever the, ri'ativl' aertilryr 

dali: ...in,*ro,, thf ia,' j r'.,n .4 tlw' p..nil.r ila:. ;111 ith'1614.14m oaa' i~ji,:faill ill dourmi-r niiaiu, flt- aro.lrra. 

thi i,' h.ifi..., ..1 ilii paritp'.taI,. thso' puns.' .Ij'ti..f4 

Ow,, lnlaI~j-tv,-h.i,-"' ~. at ( anl.'r-m-k '4 a 

toinl. Ii.,4' timie4 irivat 4 Ow. ri,--a, t,-..Imh 

ran lie ,vnu':-n'l a ilh.imimi :,raf'v .42 Ilmirp-4ýfl, itp..

theoorem'lcr-ct ioe. A ill :si : acvariinw cifa:lma..e 3 Ix-r rent xAsnt tot lie W-e pert"itreI't in given lay c~ciait ifn (8). 

(-4 Ill ft *-eaass'c. 11iii' cmarrn'sposclc tea ain 

taIihtV in P, of ± tt.5 kll in.2 It is .alaictesly n~e~c.,. I C -at 

sterm. faert-srunsi tho arril'e.nt1u iantrahitialls o eieMvrw 

in Imrrving is ist. elictlpaleulh 4l'fft-finst itjeia oil time flopi,. 

Y ihft hewe4Jatdoes rhir.JIj tholr.Ue10 1WWight 

of the' gin+ertile. aitoll Y ii th 1Wat iol 4f vejiettie l0rt 0-41 

pslacewueait-tinic 41:11. Varioapet nwethtslstiA ,isamphio. tlwPin' eut antitth fularceh tot the- tecta1 vealcnui1e Is'Wl" 

touem-ne-al. a1mid analytlicadl lifrt*,-.iitiuetiton haove tuqn laeye-h antiI mijiletiL.. Br egaeljoum t481 we may thlosta 

to Ma m&*4 slo e eta fewr 4ceesl,.t..ncv ansoI R'lialniljg V. calcu611e I's frnte the calcwevvcu p at any Wauer, antd 

The-w su tlt-tcLaii in' in the- mldiau. njw, tileknown fiions of thatgmgge..maalosses sn-iomqite he 

antiecatnnot too. rniiatcqlI how. it inhsrn*1 that boAs pesseweisean, 4 does, pressiiloi. Whoen uuwyail gnawtw an 

erruw isc intrcalumNcIq wim-n the' displaremnstj datak air. m9reroinK Pirnstulansnnly. the RT.,a tnthrtttatetd 

Islcitttrot no il'vjatitams fripn, a "giaa.'ter curve- whe valise. 41f Px may lip usedl. In catte IWthe' bsrelpftt V-4 

first anti pereaeteltime- clerivatjyt',.er an' Lain. with ala. 041-l at tix. Weveral gauge' c~neuisrtinlky disueegre-P wAith 

stillute' accurztc-. Inasmuch as -ill similar ruemiaos in a ecluatifon (a)., a similar Moltion. with an 41,tl~rieal 

pute,ilshw nc'arK ieloentival ali-pOaccneintit-lna rurvno, Coolaalct rty) n-pleeciug C 231 mew IK tart. ms 

till dettviatiemot in cG6place-notni fer any given rezone) 

may lxt. ploettci ins a gen-Stly expzeeuck-d .erie. ppelt 

ling incirn-tse are-amnwv in ,nicaithinag the rupcri. 

Haing'il alit~aine'el the- Screleratiuea andOtI *1whu 

pnuseun lay thes methUAUlasjst sketchedi Jbc frictiem 

1CCIIU-I. 4mSllitsorl low peteeeeioe. 4 1W. cam' uliabl lie 

menstal peumisto anti in eliffeirentieti~em n to e rcatlw onp lit taken, to adiljeL4 the insist -s tf the poreje'tih' fer the 

rerve. The oniotacxthclurve may elralwn Pothat tilem reatiumno th( er proecictik. and the mewil of tloes Kua, 

vcetocity at the' nacaule eejiaalls the ve'tcacity an .ltWA. if the aetlrrziei,eaaeo an- cumpotitel relati~v to the 

uuiaad by usersopuemewtstl clown the cente. A ctemee- 

"#ieAd I Wr met IN losss.c Whfirlinsay Ius %1t6u6eAALt 

XUU. 

the, actcekrtsting erefct if the gasictotese blelst after the 6" 

prtujrcik taies passe-eil ther mazle' cintact, ratust stmunw. 

times, le- applicil in unk'r tu loring the- internal and 

Samthierd Deter'mination from 

aliec tau mn 

external tt'ehrities intipc- e-t uagreenwt. The' nimeatleed When applied to muot'l sigseso al~t t aa 

curve' arnn ftic tucitcrel Is'v he'amt-seluarnn.,cnaethid.6. in rr tOr praacelenn-A -f Swetion tt.2.4 yield reosulto fear the 

gileist whewye a ý.imnplen nalytical feinctieon may hetoi (I faicion which ar- ttuite' erratic in timer. andi INeative 

to represent thei truve~l. us fsaew catuipl whom the. prro vahwicwhiich awphyllieally alosmlu, areoftenetmetzent. 

scete-time, andi hencer the aceeatc ainccrve is a cetd.h7166s thornatiral -miilt if having to &Itermnen, 

linear or qjuadreatic fanctiest. Altcr the seinarzeste'eI even front theta Of etuite high ac'-rfary. a usmall cliffercurve' 

hium lu-ca luratiel can the ejeviatit n plut. its iioi ecar bet~wen twoa much larger ileantitie'r, wle-n there 

anti wrund time- tIerivatives arr fezeofid hay graphical or i6 same aorloitrarinsirpo in cleennitimg otacof times. (theS 

numnerical me-tlicacl,.fuse tttl,.. alel'ta the known first accc-k'tatjoelt. In order tea arrive at norep rt.,eseealthie 

anti Pwronmd lehrivativs oif the inastc'c curve' give the vulneic of the friction, it isl fctorlently daWsralzle to 

velocity and at-crk-rntiuen eof the proajectile. apply teolwigre-eie.which haotlweas.teriowl 

the "integrasticeu met heal.** 

Dos=M N.w Ti.rox OF Ri.zess Prmczeestae 11e "n velwity" ;,, which 6s the vdelocty the 

projecaoil. westhll aropeite werei there aaties t-atiinst 

In the 3-la, guin. the- gas preea~cre woo nimca,-ednt (term. 

stenalltmcnueezlY at fetler jitients ilthing the barrel. ThW 

ipv'-"sen c thwo Il nse eel4-is the portijectilt- is 4leterttrineable *'140v pd 

(I 

lay an u(t-aelcte a the prx-sseare-lispglarrme'nt 

Miri, te ,wie rin io~f tpn i) te xis creeareling 

cito frhae ivtte' eacecice'h- Iee~ticmtcuyofvAthlowad 

,tot dic Kcbut-lh irn wla*lalc C r tcrvo .to a ilen -So- lelo 3m.2.2may 

he aeircraftcly evaluated fromn Px by cegitetion 

(9). Then thee ce-rt,,poeaelaag "frre travecl" L, maay be 

funin frtsio it fly awaits of intjeation (10) 

a c I-gre-c dl~appemximiti f 

ýinel alt riesilartmi'l witl hit e1.f 

CON F1I)%N~rt il. 

w

Thme"aanai~, A-lm'fmna 1wv a'qnli~wa (loa, ij I.- 4 013 ofI < r < 0.151 

- ~ ~ '. ~~1 .. 1'.- t - 0.251 0. 15 

toustw -stiazuller (6tnan .015 - 2 i it=~ the tL~wvvcA 44U~2 e. IPC3.0 

ffr@~4 &Ihaiot 

RV lti~g~g1n. 

1 m withr. pwrnl so a 

stilt. mmIlka' ma1hft ng'al Ia'aval lollt 

P~-Pý P_.W# - it 41 /04 

10.4 < 11 < 0.7)I 

the, n't~arnIimil. we illinan birth a sm-w',ithingid, .1the - I,. 1.7 

11`211-1 JM3a. 10V jnMArWa lmf W3eal. 1114l II..' nAAM.aaran A fAmnatimnt ,dmiaii~r ti. (11It, with 1'.. - P,. issopuxthat 

the friction ail] Ise meva'nwlitmw laammtiva'. if we gitil apta oaits"l'Jetwaa-a'amadaiut Cagaaatiamiiamdof mtu 

airow the c'urve' throwagith 4h amlwm-ro'al pmmint. :alwu~ay ,pptirnimaiiit~y. tit ro~.le-slat lb.' fnrtiaoi I,,uas the pal.. 

vininsi is-pmMualoo. Tw ambLoaea. sheaum"a pumAaaiiaW aa~ suAi the maul.o ve 4.wv. rehevispom.. 

n'iarilaijaniinwlm aranra. give in tuan tiw "n'tmdiaitinu limoo. aIahiainst iii.' I'.. :arook P_.~ S tls'g. 

velua'ity" 1. antil [to friction P'., in accordanice with 

rolaitations(12) aind (13), resopccivcly. 

it' 

P. -,J 

x V) 

va9.'- ( 

p , p, YL Lu c..'i Ce ls on Friction with Other 

to d Be11ititic MAfesurements 

Thuit ill. li) -Jaitiviartuig aostu the ltu,..a pi'aarmem itafiea' In $a'atiomn 61.2.2 it wall roilintetl ptti haiw% the friction 

polottingawiil aleualaiv .lifferr'ntiating thea trovel we ed- a Isteal. rnaaghle ieaft'm'l frtwin mnoammun'anno fuuilraia 

fem'iiva'y ,'mmemptl the oLala. lla'ne'a thmia metkhmel wumilal muw lia-t itlllut. lii. miste :a'rrtrnta' naathiamla. may he 

alppear toim wthetoviso t mi d ai't'qaimeir- .u''il agnitipt ..uaA mor"W~notwm Fo #%ma~p* it 

tinni. 61.2.4 .w 61.2A, (nim th M-41w nut, we may calculateS 0 

'Lu Dete'rminiation or Average Friction the hetating anti meltinag .me the rotating hand;, t164 in 

Itims olwuala ciormlate wiith ulauervittiiama' on the hand 

It is, to for nqmh.'l that Itasi tritseiral deate'rmninitg tor'i..aa antl thr rtaan~ni u( tlke pun. The heat tio. 

parnmeta'". or Ilse man'taltii.n-Iiiow c'urve, namel . ijt. paint hls Itom frietitnmnaiy he c'alculalted, and i4 to lie' 

V211We X-. UMa limiting .4411r P... at ejec'tiona ult not ramoaiak'ra'l in an ' theoare'ticail n'eaxianting faew the ob. 

a4aljrsora mtoo anr *j nternval traya'l dalat. haut am given by m-rv'al tmelail heat inptit, aseala'ta'minctl eitherbralirect 

the pra'...moe-timea-une. the known lerigth tiCtheguan. mea."mmvemnt ief the lemrpprataare risle at varioums vo4 

and the tilenmlevaq nanmuzle vrhlu'itY. Ilen'er two rim tl.n hM. laong the gun, or byi indlirect etalesalation sof thst 

olIinto that rartm rrieteiz the avi-'a'nge frictiten lovie eaergy la.''ea fnom the puiiala'r go.. 

deta-rmina'.l frism a'' d latit Mama', if;. aauaoatnt tinu If lienr. 'a 44 proaejaatilei oil vanring lienal diameter is 

rrlaituitinip feu the, friatii.n-tiaaaeii%- e meeann' lit- rul Natl. tht-m. ,Aaemqala lIx, ai eomlratian' waith lsoth the ohs. 

,uanwul. Simnil~arly three ewmlanata charate'rizing the wa'-a'd (airtiiam andi laanal prr aureq. Any irr'gularity 

ave-ramr' frietifin may lie nala-ilatrml (noni the' pri-aa4i'tine 

rnar o.', t11w nolizzle 1.a'lmrity, atoll ama'( intent-it 

.iCth twir.- aa~ dlii-aaatar iA m'artl(4 bye~'a Kaar-ganuu 

:,looshl li rI.. 'le'rta'l ii 11 l, t-raiviul tit thitt plant. Thug 

travel joaint. 

Few r'~aaaapla'. it wall f~uminuI I hat a1 fairly gawmml nrp. 

tr-, a!la~aai' u',awnns oilaa~~nlaaia 

ilkw .mllaa at ian amla riwrt-alati illaa, t he- interlinke.. 

preaimatiaron t~ ala.' fr~aia..ai iam IN- 1-i... gAu, to .44- 61 .l1041l11 IN' SaAuMght. 

taiama'mI 6Y' vp'n-flAin it in tm'aiiaso mit ln,.' ,m,.azvtji. 

11W 4-maa'roviiisag frict imo 1atI.. tii.. inta'nu'imt"ai fria'ti.wo 

/',.. :awl 11 a'nimizzla fria-ai..aI,.. lware ira' 'an.ion'at 

fatnatiaioaa W Iofla- avIamwlitriA ine 1', di.. rtr'a-timon I'I. of 

iala'.)e,.ra. fintata ill a6 ii. a,.al liisa..' . fremat stlart ;te 

REI lI:L TS-3-IN. G1I N 

'~'luam~ oaaiiaa 

.- a 11ira..*lle a--oma,.,. faaaara i- .a. :u n' siven in majmaa.- lila' utippa-ait m, -ainiapm Ipimehls l4Y whlich araem asib. 

tio. i- 11lu. *Ilw. 11m la P',',. taaaa .1 -,e lA-alata-a fraun taiam.-s the. data t aa'a-''rv fi 

foar thse ill-te-rminmatian at 

*X_. I* Xm-I., at e 0A1.5 frim'timum in a Iia.. wain Iaav- lwa'n m la"-rilim-a in deatail in 

CON FIDlE-NTI %L1 

Ab Abdh A

ulwptet 4. 1'1M. .mgto(0t , Ponthe uiv Imm' u-n lj-troI elo wrvirr 4darp' 11.0. 0Q . o..174, 0.0. and 0.5 toew 

it 10-tiemn 3,1,3. *re' flusmK e4lfties kemn waes '4 twixt NII; 1.0,40.75, weei 0.5 Gor Plyrell; fly time etonditteefl ee 

ir.. frn ing frqmm *-no at I-twie.er~in 4e rilling too cent- the- lou -crfaeret'jnaxmww" htm-n time .urfue'e wavorsovtum 

is 2S eubhmww at thr wwbm ,*ne mth a 16Ms clusito-it 4 beAvv Vea luesse Iwtwct-u 

I Xthe 87 eendoein limlte re timit IN un at (nnimork. firinpe; whe tihe terfimer wavo unfntnt#41 1walaepreeimulte.1m 

35w aen tttI~ leertiw eh-leneinutilm twet'n risetnelee whic-h %cm- frire.1 at intt-fale eel froem 

eof frirtilm Ivy tihe tmemehimee 4witlinoeul in $qlit-teg~ 6.234 Iwte himetut tee rot-verai ei:,rv. withl no) "wnrioe-Iep" 

wooi ts.2.3, irn that "e writne',taela' n'iiztiee Io-moMns'o restndd; ior fly the einiteia powitie'sn co the presmjvfiie 

wrm ulossfrw4 at (siur pwliqte, aleeueog ime goante. I ("aekntueI" wheft it wall emowrrilm-pd fron' the Awlli 

pWu1it" of titi VnslmD't~i~ wa- atretratib' ieemosto'ei by 

t6. reecWave. intwerleverwfr, monof tOb, wonsaib rides. 

e~trw~t~knetIfn tti4fng'Netnikfl-n~t "0 

eaw to that thr inontinx loctsuI was, rmmnlti% enginvol 

rtrfin h , reerw';uemimV wit' kt wo Wit io phav. 

gi10lvinig it alsetut 01.4 ill. it( non-eaget. Faris change itn 

MiAY I%- daia'jliq'nl lby t1U.' tylot.m imet(~ Iko ' aioNiI. finde timw. noenelitonen, aite'ni Itoeeow e xe.te-Itent tI'- j)nrree-WC 

in tim -"snr'cemei" fnion* t rue t(htolvi's 11M3-May travel rumster u ieotin netuxak' rt-elmil. anti iteitr the 

11144. it i'vrwt. iire' in tINe "'Mieni -NrtW freat frietiewe. Antteto reeteeebe witis idekntirai ece.'iniitineee. 

4m6I 111 

Oth'elee'r 1914 -A~pril 1.115); Ivy tifo frartiemal weilgit vaiaisirtttew aloeC apipitgy. 

B.4 

40. 

ses -_ - - 

PR1 4CIO Nvt 

Fict -lP~mtn - wt oro o-x,-i oel ulrw "m -un rei 34a 

-R -eu A-T Fg 

u 4*.) -re- 

U IN I DENI %

H I I 

12 -M a --- 

01 LevU" I i-1f1 IO _-Z 

M - 

.4 a70a I 4 4 3 a 1 

g~ 

4 

Iliv -ol -~crl toa "Su- - 

4 

L 

A""t Vi. (NUII~i-" m-m3-i. -M Vt~S

1Too pira I1ap4or Data orpole~iIla Fsm-i~ 2 fpf (1.npt.r 4; nobfh~if-la tyjoirul 

04.1%, fiw a flill 6.r1lup 1r2,m4i 1 

"Mhi1141 of 4he6...~i 

the~ lln=..urr. molfielte, prooecvtilo. .Iwjl~amev-iitt. I1w thini ewtil am ebhilil.i1 ".w ia Vlipwav 2 *awl 3. 

pnw .w 4- mawsem& al " %. ulaIwAl. is that % ulhaiai i tbp .avlIjee~tfljphW nvm~weifl it 

rhaoiilIwr. W2. in. (noion the. lievwrh; lot heek t! SAW in. 

lwyt-m.Iilw-tIarf 4riflinpeer 11. Itim fn rom thlw niumzl; 

fhe niirrewavf- intrAfvvnwtctr low a 7130PI ptool" di 

roomiid 4o( the meviml twrie'w, hint l-ecn oityaihiam 234lIu.? 

nI r 3ee. 75.3 in. Ianoin doe notizzl*;ant'i at2 litle 4135.0. l5aefIlapter 4.ApICII .ltId p~~uai (ruin the miti 

in. frem, tIw' entoxle. Tue jim.'.rn', wit.' read frown thwse vaky '.*ftit ne, ftIII~ Ifn, lE jr cent, 70 pet -en, And' 

tol4illo421ulhll i-l'-lard at intervialte oof 0.3 otuwec owi k-mt. .50 lxeT IthIu VWuoi'IRelv the fu ,eetnndl meimse, im pillow" inl 

and have lwt-n KI)nphee 44 ýIllqmoh IMw.eNome-timw Figure' 1. Frerni pIkts if hIt' ty.IW ithiuetflttC4 the I~t% 

ctiwf. A fyopt-iI -ot of Pnrh mrrne,. If or mt fullfl-loltrp. 

"dry- col nt Ind i tIeo t hi rotd tr ie, ha t. mu aly I toei prrenwr 

sunl, d~Ajtlgmormam s tool wwLi a~t ovrm ipiwfi 

tjrni-iiitrrvlht, anti prit.4orn45axi 2 curvet phiotti. or 

o N..z I 

* IIOLE I 

A WOLS JI 

P*L 4 

gaSR an 

2 "16O IRISI 

It 

oft 

0U1LCII~ RMMZTI nFt 

ru*Grýo oii iin , N~CI~~ -2.Fcr L 

- ~~c2N-- 

- -r-A-

3.d 3:- 

4110SC 

I~kbu( both fomniuaert imi con~firtis. 11we prw-Aownrr. Imiseic ilatm, the limmie tnw ito~t lie' extrapuwl~atrs fretu 

trav~el emnree fur tIN- rwiiww~le illi..tziatr It Y, Fiiirm. 2 the uleserving gwugt' jxifionx to the blurto o( the pro.. 

alnd 3 are erdwibtifd :v- Itiir" 5 anld (I. imrtile. It ioe rfinr fromi al vqt:r15npaý 0( Figitre 3 is 

Ao the fimle m.ii) inifii~ltO (rit jell)front the (lIwptier I alnd V1ivurw .50 othis rhapter tha~t there was 

- - ia .-mi,.jih-lt'ie differy'neve in Ithe rnolj~nit ode of the 

T.04- i16- Iilý-- -I the1.-seen prrme iir Im do ithI l~e ImrrI 1"f we" I lhetI wonrnds 

Ite.1.e i-r2 cent -1 -4I~; 11,.-. 64.e.... th~e MIN. depittisi. This ehirf4-n-tiv ns-uirmlred ~im-itentlY lit. 

.4.r~'~I ie ~epi cI thee ct~Icen.ei en.-.eei~ Nven newent 6 of I lee'v wmI t. ,rin w. ic Ijh. lier enm- 

~ .~i..tCiie,,.. c~ ,,*e... . .. ,.,. *... 

weete.s i...ce--ene~ct , -e (ie.. ic. i~t.e 1-~i- 

,n~e s .i~.e~t e.,Iceet ee~ect~r dee,. e~e.,4e1,+:t ~e 

heithe -njtile %%a- 2 ft frriwi the wmozzle %% a- 1 .31, 

andie relmihlsl of the. third ý-ceie- iii %th hb the eorre- 

-IN4...eIie.( r~atjio \%a, 1. 14. 11?, iVr aerqn' pm-o-em .-aiti 

ej....le~~~~~~ei.. Idcimh~iliaimfl %% ciith1e' 'illplv thi-t'rY l'eIiee in1~ 

CM VIENT1 %11

Ull "GO -0 

-ln 

us- 

A TWIIM KU~ 

- T"Ot""~OAL Cow! (WNeT 

111109 FRCTIO 

&SS 

40 t 4 

A~~~ 

___ __ _ __ 

viam 1... ? 

l15emsI~v.4.ouo milsa hn vta NMC1tiitA 4.Fgr . 

lmn 014_ it _ -lgdlt _. _ wrnnio __m 

ar-v I~ ern r,0PA 

S 

'M 4ri-qi~v t ni , 1-44 ir% eeta~k alsto I aeIeniint.1 

IiOirn' i. i* 1w l prtlteun r.r4,'that thivr ,qi~s an e ( 11wri ('terrsr tInsistrelhiabe name l , vt he953wntmsator 1,000 p 

mnctalu tiirert :mflht in in ttu .aI qpf dalat. :tlt ht~ttjh lite tit S4 4 ,a*Iilt 16.2.3, is iIl'rIt. t leil (pair t~vpic:t I 10 per 

CONFIDLNTIAL

eM nl 1111 MOM e #-tle. thini 'ene.. in Ilq.iarn 14 Ti.. n,. p"nee ixe 1:1,ollovi; tlleeeeN. ft-l 'e..4v otlu the' ,.ntqeh, 

tIf.Inbieu .X. , 6 uloeldt, in tIIVI .- ree'anhn.e in cohli tr l '.it~ v.4~ ueaeI 4'ioriT. fr~awn it, nilHI-e-fi *1, Vic 

Ik rwhit 3 ]%-ae~a~a~, Jeia.1e*Ir~t *eegimaa.aa nano admi~aliom4 in X, ;ai n-. "gI,;en (JIlS ff. e.'we'Pt few 2 

tran, tla e.43rf21. 3100 AIe~g 111-i4' IN-(Mr I'jertionl to I fe~w panefto frwefoe the' mistiir. 71w ur' huwm'avr, 

ove. when thu. Ire.' IPA'rw ipI. i~tsieg. thp do Iw~ evuve oia~ov meerawme tha.VX,* a6011 - 0; II.' .rv~iw 

tImef tfiX ft. 31141 lwnre,.. thu. Eaar j,=wI: ft. ,( 1).a I (I.,..ee'an log )m..r. !"1'"" YP 5 

-1 

Jim fll:ital.tleifn 1',eri~ . line. iiaear". "aI (nom 4)tlit emjmritoitieaeag ulim'era'ianft'iNo tmtv"ae, abe' Lwalitn ni1 Ihe 

172 f1.e in ihi%- inr-l in,,, 4 num to i+tto 1*, liirlh .. a-veln It Y the' ,a~i~mM2V3me19 IstuI m,'the 

hifurthr inrn-awo tIo 271 (P.., vs m-lrn',.ping~a, toa 1*. 44-. rimtart. 'flu-* wltniwiit..t v~smiety 1, ii. #Ji~atind 

- 2.721 rp.; in thee. tinr jntpftal iaeemIl ci V. we' 11w ifn ~~r.-rmtijiltvn lr~I 

go( X_ .0 natl podualay 

PleA XV X. -2711. r~aeh i-w ! mmvw3flp mevn-sthmuA.hr 

'aw 

or ir 

orn m 

pkr A41 4.) I-nmir 

01K 

Ct N 111)F:'N T I % 1. 

no 

g

* 0 

So g 

*1 

as 

__ _ _ _ _ _ __ l 

0 OA GA 4 ! 

T,.;wnt a. FinsIirswd W.kMinaliam e ftfrimtkn, ,n~tigttk..o nu4h..I; 34n. tsui% owwoonJ nmtm., awmo 44. ebty, 70 pereat 

Allow. NIIt tr.ulw A%441. riKcun- fit 

uncrertaitaty of1 10 fps5 may:1 wiMS*t.la- uiatve iro oelnani 

ton~rom witls the, emraplats lang vehol-ity :Is nt 

11,411191 i akarh-* n-,joirl bv ftle tr-vl il:1ta 3% pla't ted, 

ma Ilia note re:,I :all lititghm it maw ' be rrl~atml to cop-. 

ing not aetvlertttiiton a, the proijiawtile utter hIa-:ivig the gwtring t.'k-a'iaath 10.5.41. Thle rimttrse of P,. vcrusu time 

niize ( niphimli alirra-tai.wmio, at , va , va.imqim the. 

fri,'t ita P,: the pr,~iom! tli t-mr ia, I' nt " Y 114 t'a 1 

j:a iai or the- alilni m*rit-.4;4 h~am alrezatlvbeen ex.- 

hibilata , ramp~an-1 nit i the jtreskate, tanti plotted 

5,tKm ft ..44.g in 41. 1(w, *K p.r in I',. Ihaowevea-rny auinst till- tru.lvt'I. in, Fiktre 1. 

iinn-rtaitit v int I'y "HOu- ;11,10 10t-a ilit"l:eii 

Iflleawe, thle. 4,oaiatry rim its frn-tiirn 11e"r 3 ivisme, al- 

.\. tvi~i~a-i rriet i. .aa fiterniinaution fiar the croend veti"170 

t) ~r nnto dlry) is pn"-se0atea in Fiqtere9. lIe-n- the 

coNFinENTI*AL 

5 

S

ve'eleeewqI lttle' M1. r~ Im je'l2.11-ind theX A. nrve ie lenmeel Ille eelp. eeI c..p~wing[ dJ the gin', wich lio4 be uirew 

rmt ion fie5 I jnlj.dividel 2Clirrowii4 petinf. Imit tm M !i-al~n hloee21t Min. Ira e~l~lNot misrh bm'ai"at hejle3 

-ntqtquetx.4I vaheleil eeC 21 Inivev aet 211 inite-m-A!, tel 1'. In (51) im. Irna',4l. The. t"l-miulnrel enlmmt eeC meltinX -M 

ailelljtiem toIls tIe. 1, ae"Id I , e'egrve., edhtnaineel by grp-mi fill-mvto the. p-neiu appers lo lote I- W66e hIghk.limg to 

"WU offe~ qurimatnmrn. 44 T.. thee" aen 0#Aeeeg (4he4W4 tee~hee q tha n r.t~ eq tq -Ifni 

A~ lmoet 

rin-a' Ilk- 1% anel A' ri-eching frimei nitipli-eilom eel tl- NOMl (tite. to)em4fVw in PsY. or that ~taetaing foreeg 

tIlirr-roomplt-nt aepmixmeatinetm e'winetiqua mi4. 1nw ee eebi x i-.n itaenel-josne mritlio, smerh do leMY m epv- gl 

eienpolift,41 aerancging ein-houl iee ween ite live. a feairiv 

gestal m~epreeienitiion 

jog. are' isqerahtive. 

t o I he thetn.Iel peealste. Other tyllicnl eeeeeeote. eeAe 1H Itriffral felpwtium 

71w' twowy pd f~rtitus 1, law the twee enwo' lubbe. Mus- ffnetiol~tninio meel lArirqe-frarrl etzea tar other 

tratInL and tho o.wroommameiit riime. ob bil4 Kto 6Pfomiblm uemehe talimiabah* m, all ad 21 si 1 M 1 b 

tu#21 kinefie erwvWg is( preejemiih. onl peaweie-r. 

gui., in Tablei 1. 

ame antl K, awl r at feeernr tim4tnwn-ae. Ite6fr many rtetnela, 

onia lee. Amoene in t he etk4ele-eI prwutdklga~l* 

Toms~ 1. To"he iro1tn~ueieweww ae.l oetm I 34m ~ Summaery andi Disieueeeion of Remiqlts 

11e4mor" l 3'o Zee~ 3rrtn 

.rinrip-d 

8Te 

~~1 

atee to 

rmeiltee eel the firnp, dt the 3-in. gun, 

en3 4,u1na. 

Uu 

Tlueit A ?Ieee' f - 0OW 0.1M 0.0al GISitsscvlrt 17.3 M ie to Or nn; the maximum 

It-eeeee. 44 E,001 ft-Shl - Of6 22.5 

te 

3,1.#. 42.6 lirreseere in tfb he leinibee P.; the travel at maximim 

t e'uee e 3CY~'e O'U? Olle ft~ 042 pre.1re 1,;the fritiun n avrmm ivr the elgT:1ing 

I tIVi.1s- 2314 26.3 79~.4 IMA 1fleip gewivenge, ewrwmk-ee9tOveh the 

The hebating tof the rodatiO og imee is tnenel U5 hte' 

primilsol. froen 0.2 to 2 in. tra-ct. P,.; the friction av"-~ 

upel wer thor intme'ntwiate rampg.a eef~roe4,eo from, Vits 

hWielenie omm6 @4kw thp frio-tion bys file nwthtele 25 in., &'.; Ithe frictiun siveragrel mner the n*t of the 

sokt'frletl in Arefltun 11.2.2. The rrmeerlt i se that almmet 610 bejee to, t he mezaxle. P',.; the- total e~nroigyof friction, 

pecifent of E, i6 eepe'uile'l in he-atint tlse beer.. 1.5 pxr 

cemt in hieatingl the hand, anti 25 per rent in noie'ting 

the huand, the mvelting oe-,evri'ing at travi~m forms 5 to 

E,..; antidi tf inal eaitiu eefrictioenil teekinetirenteetV, 

r-. 

From Tabole 2 the e~fcf (if changi'igt the condeitions 

12 in. arel 1 ites M in. 1'eii, ipe in wneval am. ell with oft firing ma lee' ser'een. Toeffret on engraing frieticon 

T~aez I Aemomienyd w-h n 1e weta~oviel it, 2e'e friefi~ee (mm 6a'iod Um ~e. gCm. 

Amn~bv amoral, luto.? 2'. V* I. P.. P. P- 9ft.. 

(I. LO. in., i LeO.i i#e. k~te im. kli iC 10-'( Atl C. 

PVTO 2.0 U 2M13 442.1 17.2 2.3 21.1 2.32 122.7 ATM4 

P~. 1.0 1) 2712 41.e 1.1. 2.11 2m2 1.41 123.2 MY73 

?u 0.73 1) 221111 227.9' 24.2 All 2.11 21 317.8 ~ 

t'.-r OS ( 1730 2.10 20.2 3.2 IMS 0.40 e18 .1144 

uci 1S ) MOST 21.4 9.4 7A1 2.2v5 0137 01.7 .124A, 

\l .0 G4 2m2 43.6 20.94 2.9 -0.1? 03 S&4 .0260 

N\I 1 2.0 1) 2743 47.1 M 21 4.2 0.6 0.43 43) -am 

Nit .a G- 2733 M01. 264. 2.2? -0.3? 0.' 0' ? .At 

N.2 I 2 .0 0) 2724 42.0 20.21 0.3 -0.2' 0.03 -2~S -OlO0C? 

S 11 0.! WI V44 31.1 L.i.0 1.0 -4.1? 0312 21.2 02l? 

NIt 

N It I 

Nil 

X 11 

N.3 I I3 

N I1 

0.3 

nO 

0.7 

0.7 

one3 6 

0.6 

(G 

I ) 

4. 

1) 

I 

j 

Z31.' 

2W71 

222M 

2 110 

PLU 

POOR 

:.7.0 

U2.3 

22.4 

2.14. 

Ma.0 

2W.0 

1%;t 

21.0 

203.3 

203.0 

17.2 

2.1 

3.3 

2A 

4.1 

2.3 

42 

2.33' 

03.7 

OA 

1..U 

IS." 

1.7m1 

ON1 

p.1 it 

0.M1 

41112 

0.411 

4140 

71.9 

7.9 

3313 

42.11 

401 

e3.9 

A1,134 

.0W13 

.42= 

.0)411 

.04A 

.M1710 

NI I 

N It 

A 

0.3 

4. 

11 

I'M7 

21942 

26.1 

214.0 

1.1.0 

232 

2.7 

4.7 

1.3.1 

231 

0-52 

0.127 

U4.0 

MI.A 

.0832 

.020? 

t(Gn.....2 L) - ry 

CONFID NTI %

i' pariiittalurly fta lot, ,narkariI. this' lwiina file aauIv (fir. f~w (tgill rhaarp*. lirrJKItAiy lni' lwtwca'a Ilse two 4t-t 

ti-141.11 pasaa ta'r su'a'aia'lu ii~lh :anv SMa'at :acrar- trrn'teo,. nanweiri r - usi ±t M.t 

amqhJ4itit~a~hi'agP', w~atpong'v fewr nourvong with 

gwsigqluie"1wethant with drylhuma. 304 60" Wt, 16o Rw.sVL*M MA1111. IIAN' SMTI 

ferusiantiou' itla rnmtl.1ithau lwher till- psr.jertitle mPIIE.EIN4;M E~lD ')fCTL I 

initialtv atizont-eil .apinAa t 1w lot fimng cone oet.'j ll-etitiE 

coa 0inse'tg'ult*ge the enlKeniVfl frwidiaa, ise fortlet? Thse .17-nn Inin T17. ;,gal',tarilitni in SA-4-tiuon, 4.2.3 

Atowint lw theiormrstltf of 1',. with tig'e'ft'ahi~g t'haa'w. zanal 311. 7. v sh ix. Inarxi few tile pira-4aeraveal ptuO4'f 

Thio c4listt 6 vppwimy Wbtv ioinmawowaeof lbirmib 

pet' cent %try rouasna. wlwae the fric~igtio exertgqq 6 the 

tile'-ahal a raantant twis't of 21 t'tIillwawperturta. The 

chnsnixwv ~nomna was 3.1.41 ru in.; the twretil of tho 

puwdlerpin'sarmmat atnave'Iait).3tnfl.Siin. Intnesthan, 

extenat that thews) ýVj'.ile t'g'.l-k'attg'a-still ofaarag' 

prnsja'tile trains M.'g':altia to ejt'a'ionll 73.991 in. Forty. 

turn'P ranixtam Avm' tireti. alt le'ast three. in retch of 12 

reeepto an otolt. That th%,e ga'.painK frirtiarn h~aa a 

pt'gaag11iaaa inflastetr' on tile snaTA-4irl'aisat Naalli,.ia' -rawre 

cl..aaea-. Witid oliffa'real in tiu lie- y It t o 

isvetillg'. a. lI-it'd in 'l'aliA' 4. .p 

iarg and pro. 

its gltiaii tttfttirtt'a 1wv fix' (art thaat wriwa P,,. iii hiKla 

then' an' hiradwr nm unniamn lera'a'Kun'a, rva'ruicwa at T.m 4. 

t 

Meesejg~a,.~ 

a~a 37-nme vaim. T47. 

OLMWI tDA&igIa'. APAd ft-Palliuan a islwes 6911" 1111111111 af 

__ __ __ __ 

ktik',. '7lat V~aaat' n'inat it aaima'a'Vea tat insIM4iaagza M" no- Prinaa'it paaaimtilp 

naunals withlin I% type; Tables- 3 ,4agawa tll-' vari~atioin it 

the- 75 per' rent ronintlatL oft the thint stefima.- 

Tr'W la rglts Itiftb 

T~t~gmz&Varie.ds" - 

htriM6tP(Pl 73JWWW q 

01111 

Rusisitil .I T. 

'Sh W 64Pg Witheaagvaiagt 

1111ý SAmbP. tmaq We.is.. 

- . 

P. ~ to '. 

3 

4iss A 

1 

6 

7 

Ill3 

Ill8 

Its 

311 

M 31 

131 

0.611.1 Is 

.3119t N1 

0.41 w . 

&P 14 

o.11M PI 

0.1m It 

3112 

1.62 

.ie 

1.112 

.62 

3.62 

6.23 fil. 

5.73 

L.m 

6.44 Ott 

6.23 

6.23111l 

%A11 ft. kilus ism__-_n. hota ha.8 4 33 0.M 1I. 1.62 5.73 

64 2244 U3 3A1& itA 

0.83)2 14 3.6 &.403 

1111 

76 

rim 

2306 

S1. 

jai2 

1IL2 

1S 

&I 

0.4 

'll 

12 

M33 

33 

O.6a0 

0.1114 

1 

14 

1.34 

1.61 

&.7 

0.2 

________K 12le .lltlU' III 62 

11r iaatertnegiditeel andi lattoula. trictioana 1'.. anael P_. 

am' k'aau' g'arrnastely known, anti %Amr af leas. hluti,'tjc 

ronsor~anjoe'.r exre'pt that they zam tile pa'inciipal contflMetaltaimt 

ot u Iag'tt a'arar of fit j~iagn. 'Ili t it-Ag naiit a p. 

pear~~~~~~~~~ ~ tI-lerfieie sortegb 

y- 

Us. u2e V.mo a = 

x& Areh -. ia.in IAm 

3A'itu.... K193i ~Xz% 6 .00t AS 

L .ý T.M.'& baaa 7.7 WLa 

TMy 7.?llit I'L.. rpl 

.111 

At" 

I 

~ ~ ~ ~ to liee 

with the sttate tau(1 tieale'ee iarfave; with il~vewasi'ni t.bs a -lo ý 

rlaarpe the rer~ la teltivfl'lt,4'Kglll ,4ihtv lat 3wruitto 

oft Ifritionaedlita kinetic eanemvy in-Asgt'..i'i inaaaket'lyv. 

1new most niaarka'i 'teffet at iaci Alitfg'n'aae lve'twena' tix' 

Preattan'-tiiawt e'qgAra,' wcm'e ,sitluiiaaeg Ibv twts rouagets 

liag'atgie ata oippta~site Petits ofl the -atina dianicter in the 

Kteeetia itanil th~ird -4riea.. biut this ist liarill' likea i~~ta lag' *liguniaala'a ata:laaaat ttggr-fiftht. tat the dlistanace (riten the 

a real e'ffect. In'inK fiiat't prolizablItitlae ftatla t'aietests- lireegh ita, fii' snezatal parojactile. 11le vtwr-~i st('fl('t as 

ex!ttK'aniaaat zial aaiieartgiit V tat I i vi rifit' tail l-t aiinv%- t.xii'.flit-tit al Onvt'ks oan e.acha othear. beett pave no inphainwal 

ldfitn'at''imia d it, 3m-in'.tare'itaip. Fiat I la-t ra:tt ft'rainat ioi enCa'it'a'rniaiar diea pra't-sin, grat lia'at down the 

it 'a t' arl fto m'a. %vigta 1 11 Istg..t averageza Valaeet'r tar fo r I arn-1. It wuis taa'a'avt r. aag'a's'av to, raaaajatl tht' 

tihe gaaa flaty l1K; ,.iira' tilt' hiiiai tlivt i'l (if gll tha. t 

seivt'aaa'- iaalts inipaiuha,.ilatv larkge antiaginut st 

arl la-A,. lara's-tsa in a tha. t iagaiagt igai v jaati itsafB. T'he 

izatbaind i~i~t'ti'i Nva1iatt. :114aaa -t-levaail t iat allto tile pro.. 

it 11133. a hat wr~iest Iina IM' I t"* NOag bla al a la'qt,t-qsI i t'a-t ie wn-*n alltgraaiaainl 11 t ilae mia-~aiiiva' il'tertterai 

g..~ 'agial~ luag~g. :ar' f1*g~~ igalaI,.l yjgatai i%-ai ftrat 

)pan %titlIe iagan'a~.ielgi t%%61t. aTh ttI jiti.a- t arjlt'e na-malt 

111 aiat'ag' ha, a li.ta nt lag'ttt- mi~., g %ra.'na.it I ij~'aaat'.a l-I azrillml, 

lo'k dilig.111. tatitiauugl gzat'atý 1Itit leada It.1kch p~a.'t ith.

R X.'LT M O.Wi N-W ITSI6 PHV.K%d;bt %Kt P%4)JVAmt.VA Its-p 

. 

'% 

_ ".n- o o "f.rMIJM1 T liv pit 

II ?" alo 

N" 

ittilke n iexlairo ~ .I-nd-e o Oi- Ntii I'vx d i 

htrmtnitl nfl 7- i. T- r 

miriaem w i h ym o mjtlSh ip4. ltti i1 rirr.' cnmIi u yia on 

eri.th vtti pigmw siarovtwcumA4tt-12 z mewim vheitminmhd 

mirain -ire file -I Ati ~i- ttro~etvnonie ahrw -c-dr bu -tmhp h 

pt'tjtihtl. am pirene'p~itrml in i.cumare if) tyhica, typeo .tt iutfrritn d4*rinit 01 t.Ion vinwo the A7wrte m.tirna 

mirwave reer' liepmc ii te of y roji'rwnil :igimi, 11. intna~a i-i thisc jwointThix Arppildfrdto tpiriroixind 

a 

hO.4. 2 l . es o n"ltiseeI .an6I via In i (r',tiull l till.3± Iar kill 'ini n it% P Frt 12.Theo rindiid s 

iegr-mijW ewine (micetnis ll 1KVWt' AItsIMIp hoW fill- 119- arM-wtam'r :111t1 Mweetatter riathrcin wid r gab tthe. 

of ±h 2r kill ilt.*) in ipokm -IttI1W r 1. p( old .v 4111. dev1friutatm lai O i tile It li 14. i ti ofal th t thor e tme 

r-110 n'uhii-fll .111 file l-.iie tNIXre 'thini, inrt a't that m nrvil e it hich k in thi~ti:, lea 4 pt al priminbl 

~it tahut 

-ftart, which 

ip-eiilit.antd illIii irti't it ii tiii n'aviii't i-ni an :itivu nitrt itims ittnid vy, thlat th Ii' rirt ionii s i h i it t1 hi'A 

riti-iwi 1 tY liM' q'rr:it i*- toilri i ve' n'rip t heI. i. n~lstt it , h1 ' n'wni e t hit ltfl'-~'i-ngn 4Ii pt'tjt't'ihi's rrshte 

CONVIDNTI U

fair ( a rotp nuv. smf" igu 4se 

U)NFIMATM

3" - - -- 

*A 

Wm as &Al is UPg 

Fe..rwg1 11, 11-4-niitmwkin gi frwi"i. 1Indpe6.M .moib".L tWum F 14 (37-m" ingum. low-ireb~. 1.1" u~~I 

0NIHttC Ip.Vw A-441. rague, L) 

ei"qag ((liptevr3(. (tmPdgw~cru# the toipmnt U( maxmstmu adcrtuv w, lmmtioiiff ngiV that 

nm.r fb'thme li .d masximilm oENr'l'fmfie4# ti Liter. the' IorW~ appw'nt 11, oliel noot xim rim ( a rank- 

The' differnh'e ftimi the' "shist in 11w, U-n, gun. thea ..pwm"lingly larg' biunt u( fnit-tims. Th11w h u 

inte'uwnre miio uibm' rtotaling Ilund. io isurivwul. 

.1.nmmosan uik-1 o re'wealto im pwreanhul in Tolak & TmsA ~am .. s ulmm 

Thin. gavew., uevrru~d for e'aeh clam. tlw tine. tnom. 37-.w avo& 

niurtid pore'.atte toriwitin, wth sisfirvrlvhiiv-.-ue sosmmwmilm 

Pnwmitiv'. ithe frieliim ovevngrd iii (i. new - 

infm'vals. and fle Inn finalrai c4 frnietiomnl its kinetie' 

Within Iii.'limted nwitpe f1wnieia .m. 

-110 

2 

3 

"b 

V~il 

3.::i 

3.g 

3343 

=7 

3= 

Lii~ 

37.8 

-IS? 

317.4 

1.7 

%1 

2 

r ChP, 

A" 

.0 

illt' rurrrfition a rn Iwe numi' wiwefi-en te(1 rrficttn tind 4 14.4 Vil 5120 2.4 Afs? 

s1wite tye ( protjilv3t. V*et-' little. efumi:.r in flip uvee.f 

:33 ull-(~ i rItM bYI "l':tr.41t.Irisillit #111 PV'3 

jeetilp mrfaIIN' tee Ivy salditis tw thin,44airatintw.t ring, 

4 

fl 

7 

I( 

V" 

4.13 

iVe 

4m7? 

jk 

IWO 

3.?'S 

.31M 

.11A 

312.1 

C4 

6*3 

ua 

2 

&A4 

2.3 

An 

A1 

Ame 

V04 

.131 rIla-uNý r;Un h.,Irdv lie. .3gw tifnt in.I toe prott'tt ilf' it Vad 31LIO 14.1 if AN 

Saer' fnqiein. 'I'li #Ae'w-vml Iwivt iratnser.. Aerr neid 

ans ymukau1414 highl. n'W lit It lw-V 1m aSi ot i gUtvtgrni ni~f ,. 

12 

- 

#.32 

~~44. .. 

3=31 

.4 -. b 

44u 

-d 

2 M AM3 

C:ON VI ) VNTI %LS 

4 ~ 

.~ 

It 

* S

filliful oamacy Iw. ohla in pataf les e'msci in 1110J'.are'nae't 

and4 ca'31'titol 14,f eat I: Its i-i juirt it nin3 n'v pn,-4'nt a 

lrwl~inKi prisn'tie cn. fem th.. e si't 9he fidea"W'vik. e'alU.1' 

'lite kineptir energy,i letrimp. whicIh it~iniadtlttC the' 

Lerlnit~ fraritsieaat is lu- ," 1 aia% eItu l rner~, Maly readilY 

taW enucl.iattc'c (ac trifil life rt~c ve'irity, whirh wag 

IW SIa henAkilll' &I( rAPePa. 'ieWe'rAl Unedce III cvisida'au'. ietprinlinc.:I ne a feaiciinoft iut. ll yý the mclhcwlac didreaWOMY 

PhoadapallP oil ethi w. m icub isfarh the. prus 

Je'alihlam cows fwais-ri. point tea a colaascaceieralale' I.lahaaitY 

.a'Iiwqlin~miegaOkIT il frod 6IN'tb " 

tw'tw'tlyi~~a.wll 4il''l itill 

alw sidi 

fi', E tWp 

aat Oeearb X20. tit tinirla necar the palur sit travel Ownt file tiltaaaiet 

velorwitv eIf( li'st. nlecaahci Inl-eee'int'V staidea ls'Iay rx- 

Ceditlife the. p iditilis M'~ikity. J6, flauy NWo tIse al. 

istWI'NIM11 ?1411% 0*' F 111 SW TIM tatcqi lev the' ourthiaeI,a aleevristm' in t iestc 1.2. 

* 11W Witialeu sit 4tel stcimian "-wwv -laumpg Oheg 

TacK V'mi:stiav 

mealssi di C. At stcah tianwoa. with~ -'airexeitap iitolIse 

aawatinne'al in the' next witee'wja. R~. may' 1w netierf'ed. 

A.uiabaewt tinipeotallt aracallto(l it e'aaaaaplc-l. sett aif bil. 

Ii,.ae. fl.4'MIP~rnlwtt.. 0.e0a -is, 1la14s". aarnreIp e1mt at (fan'. 

iletaca' tin. Iraalalc'na ioe ..eaitee if e'ethcr rw orkMay. he 

irt't fl'eti e'lcitat alar 

qaw. ii. I"cu Ma'vral hat,. eat e'wrllal'nauc'ai c'tiele't"e 

aft p"ianaagt tea it.n, ti I he' pealalem eat I1 hrnc't'g fill" a vK. 

frlvdaetiden 4at the. li~alwei. A tlae'am'tjcl eiiseetue.4icm elf 'lls- avernifi tc'nilrratuns r air tn.' gain throughlaut 

flbic 0N1i-4ir t-MW 411''tllo ie $itiaen tiniht4ttioln3.2.3; life joist viialtin-' may' Ise estinusttil (aixn the fipetifile 

flar peraesent lifrwareemas we' "lay write. thec eancia. alarnthally de'termwinced tealai4-fatump'l Q.4ertione 2.5 and 

sistmafflrsamtien t171. whirch iaO"e.eeectitt1iv h 01sw.aaw ase 0.317). lacat t he. aerstiltaer at o linsc~ituri rna7 isii 

e'itIuarfas lto 4 p0"'q~ at lismailtiem 1. in Il.- tpuawle'rrhamtlide. Fve'n thmer. lhe. 

La 

r) 

T- is 

caussaw.4 tel 1 high eie'po oft turlaca'ncer sistel t-mpers. 

film inhlwnisaprildity in the' lw. cvattwac av'enuged over* * 

did + .,+~ + 

21,I'+P1+k.(7 

a nasiac'fr oat nfuaneldw,, am finhel lit ubltaiml ripreisnta. 

tit' macailt. Tetl tide. vai idar cltwnitures at the few-. 

260 ward pumeaihass appevar ita It.' n twidftulAy lower than 

Tl1766 'apattifan empersom' the, (net tliat the' t'~tentt Iai' flui ave'nr'tir tunsrratumirat thcaaee pinintie. tilue titucMi. 

whiech elser x~ wenx-tsimtan r jolla laclew thrfl~e . ills It r l, . eWallis. 

tcenp'atarnit r. ia. a rne'aseeure 4l 11wh e'ncrigy n-rt'tsaacl no life' -At'c'ra t.'mlwaentis r maiy Ise appro nsimsted 

wo ardi Idal'u. sir 4a1W~ala IIIrha inctaeaeplc'ti' lmsm. raaaal'-vl~v the la chanmber ic'caalwa'ntie Ts antie aldso it 

anx. lifearins c ita'e liar aaic',elsui line' olaasrilaeata* ltew n- fualaIr 1w r~i'aatate'ci (nafnt the' talaae'r've avengeam press. 

lc'A'e'i enewrgy nanstein flu- k;aw-ii vie'at.'rg t ( heatl Imp-s. 'cae n ftaeupailc'c fninet tide. aalaaerrvce l'l,~ hIy5 the 

je'rtile.. flea kinirtir enegyist'Y~f like 1 titswik' maci Ps. she lime i edli 'tlllationtl 8 faiwr t 

e'n t'a;a Wpict it'atioil 

driswrgv eif teet'crvaning(ict fiefta. anail liar hea~t tain-n, 

fllmed 10the tw alk In flea ('anlc'rdaak firing. a!Illw tie,' 

4a4 the' pmwean'di pali'eat. .'wcl trvla'i'. by mearae cat thep 

'ettin id Alate, effiltitmlin t 131 id lapte~r 3 te'rsini eo( e'a4eatitalid (17) we're' elketcrminind-. delct ly 4w 

.iilpexel. 

Iiae'inac'ntal iiAur lf( r, oitteat I ~nuty Ise tiaee Ito rheek 

inilierwrtly: a nhear' firf'teilet a1W13'aeta than flu. Ierie'f till.'rcweaha11rne q: iaa sctaeml it is eIctterttc)&tasctltt4that 

saamninurr tie Ive limnsentes'Isthie' "ay, tar fouendl is tin. 

fatiil~nat fljuddia'. e's'gucially A-4 11" anti A444. 

If ill 3''anttcIrn 'l e'uk'aiaLielc 1w the. iit.thale cit, u( 'c'tiufl 

1 "' 2.4.an 1ie tIsm fil rlivi''iI:tiaihI idt *ttale Ito c'hek liar ex. 

'Ila p),eI'.le'r e'aaae't:aaats F'.~ aa '. bte actn e -lMflltetalll I-. iac't' lf( I', Ti,anal h. fir tot cal. 

e'aa111'eI 1441 I ee Imol av 1.' etc'lail'il tant :app~roixiniatet. aethij- e-oiate' rait A ftaaa r'. 

is If"-, thanlf :3 jit-rio~l. l~except at tiflhe' tnc':ra.Iaea 644 jrc..-T(k 

Ilasts. %%he faiall,' tedllltaerittear is.IaeIa I 7.5) Ki ;111. st't. 

eagailary gias n':ae'lt~n il kIl l'ie il ti te u'ltelhale' a1rilleatin icie 

t1u, it~aeal Is t ransefeitti froac pus~ tu, hear inayl ta rat. 

clate'ii by flt. n-luc't iaeaas ekrilaceIill ~in Seion '5.3. 'lT.' 

iieracitele elf ifllposratie'ft.. eA'luiaaalit :1in naaYa e'it wa Icalowa tlw detailed nitt his 

CON FIDElN'TIAL

11twIallttU The .% OW %Klibý G W~ IMIL row" ~ M 

I~misa on time Iuntbniontml efitimation (18). Nesl.siaun irn 

dQ 'r- TlCAPl. (1)of 34tich Gun~ 

wise ap"L mmas V uaap few ... the triimiss tavqsw L. Dmmil 

,h s l 1rc ili~sti flitim (st O W10~ tolmp . flwvum Tn'ifi~mimr~~mllmsuriffsf1t, poilwdlltfn' 

T,. slsns.tv .1 atnl Vs4sity '*. $or swe may fie* "itizir idf in-rtilutoill :i1ii1 1lwsm'Itil-al :mpprsnlivhcss 1s, thbe "Itupu. 

I&~vl"1,.4 o i,1toom it--vl~--nlt tsmtissai to( thei eliwtK Imilsunre it thw tilme si eirtieU. 

.swsunartl owimnle IzlrbW~irii. It hasslt'f hwf Ibsqm I" that tlwn.r tini' jmii-Asmiqfl in Wmlltr 6,. cr~ variunis orfsiulitiw 

the two$ norlhsuli, so( ralmislmolift sto h wow, in. won st 4d inal. valm ilswsl T rultrulated I y the (utangii 

"llowlillogs (s' th 3.1.. via awlI that A wax' krvs~ Witiao.. 

Me Iss91~ l'Woois~m" sit the travel r'. 

11w iltfafltitv ,n v. amii mIvo. 1wsrivrid frostis "pirficlien~ttzlltiiialitiolt 

initial att 'sMarioipi't 

diuinmt tlA win. ms lw ills Q4, m'rilm .1.4. This' ablo's 

I. 17w expiwuinvntnhult &!'ftotw I himspf 0intI 

the fciisnohor; 

2. Vsazulwi raleiutm',sti firn"' tlu' esmprviuiinialy tsv 

tensiungsl avmiiimu pws'immusr. litng "utcfflatively: 

rr"Jsuin'ss tht--toriirI r:,silssltjiton cltrmsiflinst the N-wo . 11W appil-i5nfllitt 9bitiu~~je 4'qiisAtiul Of NCO* 

tributlims it, flu-i ss*sscvsI Itutmu hsosat impiNt f Ili thstt 

.r.ts d a iti ofrili to s Ili'oi.ic tIvy thme 0"w0 af~ter rm 

l*t (131in up 3. 

it. na1w nissw 4.wt mitnti~sn(10) Of Cha11plew t 

taltonms n'10mning tive %tale itCs tlw puuisl.:. =0s mafter' 

riertiufl. tile "iltill Jws~liailthatd flu-m t1wakt inpmut uip 

tsmrit-6im. it. 6s apps'smzinustrlY 0.1~4 safltive liulu eI~t 

3. %'l"mttliiromtwmrl utneoim 

thion (17) of this' rhmalstrr. a4misniefg K. .s0, mino 

mdlernoti'eiy: 

uinSita. Ems' tiness Iwfsssr ejtic~ico. a litnear tirprittlence 

ofl It to L. il asssoiisuu. the alternmative susss'smptise. 

et"11u1alls 1101 .mE t'1111POPIP &mmovloeim Ilie foww gimmil 

nomor ~~~vh 

a 1 ppimnaetndfi.drauaimo 

a h prscnt'mtislsC.haalsu 

Xa AA h wrmtoV~A OW 'd& 

Trm lilb. atom 

vali. Teiaet h..ullvlmuh'l~if 

FNmysmo R,%LO.NCI DOUNtGi IIuxtVa ntisng thne isimphiflicl ImnIlistirs' gtivii' it' Slertim 

At tins" Iseftm' It*m petwles' ill rwpirtr.v barinest 

any tw~is fit the thtrs s1 tiantities' I'. rami'kvntw li 

kntswn in sink's til t'ivirliiIte X ('CSIl5Sttsitimssf frw 

t18) 

in this. r~lszp~r anti (1 St in (luapter 3. if E. is amooameol 

tmggiji~hljir sor iail three mittif fir kntuaw to r'a~lctevi 

E,. In Wro-nsrd the Iai't- pnoroselumt is' fti mauke' tme tof P 

mnId II. amisunling E. - 0; it r enloritatrel in thust way 

is' within IM0 1'sivii tke~rm's' slf the salmess'eves r, the 

asmrwK" Imuabanse is' s ..jnmhlsl n'imble. If the iihosc'eu'l 

' !ctllvs lit-low the- calolatsuleslois mover than I 10) 

ies' t muos' lor amois.iratrdl w~thm an K. > 0. 

3.2.7 anduIl( th ai'seh orf ), mormostiatimeing 16 

Qus -t 102 1 ern' c in1 the ca'uilvoi .50 Omt 

Ynooa Tabluea II, sssppamrtrlt h the naneriletaikoi icaw 

gmlmit hans'o nutt mspruuttwes licners' the tohluowing tcaash. 

,.iomis may lit, drtim. 

1. 11m- % risuas aeperinwsmmila rrmsiltoo do not lead to 

ilmi-itis'ml aittIm of T. lowt the tlissmtawee'tiwft 6i a 

imis's than ± 3 pers m''it. anti lms'ises il attrilmimablol t-9 

aespt'rinxwntmal ernie in flu- tseietnination qsa tempenmfi'-lur 

anin pit toe, 

2. Tlu saif'rrenrm's ix'twesn s'nlimhiatiosnss limorti as 

T~movs l Aim.noralsw-..4 aw s'is~rmtsssv sa ,)s J. Sl.i. 34. Von.. 

P..fr'- il Nit Nil l'vn. i%ý.Pia Pi 

I A 0.7 a t. 1.0 13 0.3 U 

3A. MN-; kss~sss. 15411 171;W 610 1.*.M I,.$? It7' IOM3 t7 

:0.. V s...O 4.... WA;W ti7l; I. 

10,211 1s Ill.'? lows flu 

.~ -s.;5 1.. l? (77 hloo t ion) l114 1412 mw 

s.. ~~IP. W 

CONVII)KNTI %L 

All b dhAllAm a

Vom-i ow- iti4.'cf 11w l~irvjri~ltl. Ilsei tIdal heat Iranst 

________________________________~ ~ issitI41too fl- X11" u. %tlaifd, ji~llf11fo in aelblitiimn tot A. 

_________________________I tlwmin ilm nifiiiii ofn..ii( nis jaal ~IIII pe..44'jieiticon hiw-s 

ina. in a"a j.Jeqlrv. Figsrop, 13 iIbw-Omteu Ilhy iwenv# 

r"I rheurW. 3.4.. pm.. 

At tin" W Iit for ir~iit-iiif. t1w i'fluiK d~ibiltlatie Is 

the apooneirnvae atiIl thtaik-od ralsa iial tlf rAre nia&Wli viilar .' tea thiat jilewl ijei~~rl im.Vh~i 

unee and rnergy rq*e'a~e or. k-.. than the. ratiogq., m i.. rle frieiismaul too kinesee enrgyW ha~v loion 

I.4were owu PwsrarA enwimupara& matbmli.; himne 

mison e'tert nionimem'nwntee an- miie-dd Inlwr tiean r%. 

1,1141-111111 4lo'to-mint~io dof the re~tnteelr. cue ostev 

Puw v.fpan~hmehu.el i~nae 

eftii enwsrw gyleee atieae0l11iat Osupte 3 in Srrtiai 

T2.31j in grtrtiwl ..Iitiwo, a minimpim at tinvomem n 

ehrtn the tine'r Iwouine cid the ralu~tidameenv can ir f' - 0.A. Awmne tylvirul rouuuit are pit .4 1 ed in TSalIh 

nmnde. &. This. odi-riv. fior 11w avemoragu'll-iriarwr filnng of N 11 

3. Fit all nminibeeuep of30 a~tv imr rent rharloe. Irlter 

a~mvwrIefrii wilsthe 401w iuet r tvmpertein- in Colo. 

t;Aitwil by eloeetlt the' mlooeitirenwnta neiwr than the 

thpuNder-Al vahew suf k; thAt I.in.' tits, elr reauulte em 

Tui .t.wI.iIrlref.I cm 

i- I wnto " et euriw N Itloop.ed". 3mi. po" 

w.....4* 

na- 

fore. thie experiinwntal heoat input.. eteail Psii~ggioe that 

in thio coupa vaiuwe4fXfrom 20 lip2.5per 4nt lotiveJL 

than thaet ftaiiue in Ilse railper.ed joinf wait fixtmtite.?. 

- iit 

~26 

c~r 

~ 

C alf' 

1.271% y O 

J11 66 

N XC 

06 

fe h g e u rlm P , . re e n l . h t ga0 h . I ' 0oe I.M 2 3 i4 

62 .10 41 

2 1W 3 

21121 

2 tM 3 

21M2 

2 11M 

2a2 

IIA M 

IlOW 

and $7. ITa&W 21. rle pqpw loimorto give.. temPera- 0. 2- 2112 2n74 2M W01116 

utm. that P~wrml I lk e'xqrotemintfi tempc'rntiorn.. lor f 2413 2443 2441 2M3 0.133 

anwement.. p"Iaer than Ilste prooltalole Pineur. Ilrner in 0.3 2373 22911 2MiS 7m6 O10S 

f'w~e esaoiie thser n ie n energy clo-frif F. to he attrlee. 

tite.ie to iiwemipletIc n'artioin elf tle puneele,.. III so"+u 

rimnowlg an F. 4if timitulr niumnejitmil in ailwee (taietn at 

tinee.. Iafre ije'csim. hy met-thcselp istattedi in Somium 

0-1 

0.7 

OA 

flil 

21!92 

2010 

IN"1 

17011 

I'M 

221311 

!3P4 

1$01t 

2714 

IMlS 

21.33 

IotA 

164 

17412 

InnS 

2112 

244 

I733 

1762 

1573 

Omm5 

OAS= 

IAM 

2.80 

VAST1 

The energy dfil,.tleit es III c+erIcon its .eiammnriuaiI leewk.r at vntritia itesi"e. tis-temnpereeetueeeele 

in Tahele 7. Tlbw varie..uie energic'eare eprealin-mil so pe-r- armd an. releuiatti~l frntm the eulkst'rved lirr"eeuurn trawki 

centegi.". tiref uf the teitau postential menwg the piow. andl heat heaeie wa4ng O1w e'qwxrimental value Uf k and 

clii mt~ild filee-rite if ctookdel too 4) K,.enml ,e~iil eol' ther twitidifferent a~emnimptiicnse Goe a reonpetant ratio A. The 

Teaia 7. M~ii,.nsimc .4 m go -4 ther Pembr. 2.4.. gumm. 

Tlops, V4.v"g Pe I. vwei t K Per miii 7we ffAt 

IWft-Ne .1t*.dgca .di . HIS "u.11h boosta oef tKAI. 

r..e.I jpioemlu. 4....f -rr 

c1,1.-4.. mce..ee. 

k.e,-fwed 

jKmeeue- 1-ý 

ki,,ere.e rf4 

Cir IV - 1) 

cri #2 r*. r.. 

I.ej~d EAD) P 

eo.I Kx, 

- it 

31144 

l m tI ± iti 16 

16 ±R 20 

tIM 1 20 

toll 

1010.0 

t 

'-M6 

2.X7 

0.41 

. 

13.1.1 

in20 

14.2 

1.7 

Z%7 

t0144t ±100 

i31 t 110 

32 t 3 

4.0 

Ofl 00 

Ti301 

24.7 

2.24 

0.26 

Ii. 

#00.0 

3A 

0.0 

2~e4t r.p-jaId 

f Iu.e.igi fret ,.efit 

1.. 2 

go tO*3 

2r-4 t Ion 

023 

1,36 

51.13 

oil 

1.4 

into 

.5.3 

101 *20 

Itii t 0 

0.21 

2L"4 

7.04 

0.8 

10.2 

36.1 

t,,I -dow-I 1-iniiotmoK 0 0. 0. !10 t ege 3.63 14A 

TuUZ~l I, cc.. pi L*' t. ±: 1A_~ -0 - - 12's - m t 4 0 1314 513.2 

WN!4IDENTI M

1r-ntio~ on fls. .traua:lI in Il.. 'A* AV iI... 11..3aI n IWOi,.lo-nrtJ.LI 1 I IM. Ikag Ia, A- .ri ~aits from thrpiiwfi. 

.inut Johnum'. nest lo.I t.o ~i-iI.otrvw itt I he rmeoaI.'i;. 'I tor. atttt I v -4ttionitfrtit anit"Ay. It ala9Piotevthat .~tu 

tt""fImrtttft:11P*the Mfiwriftw-nf~aln-ttltý Ap, .-?h Tatti aith tim- 41imt :at I.sano. thiiah in ill+~. Wom Sl Coists 

jb6m a ire.' wim, I"w tm..sut,I womooF P64,4o... pbcw-wnasmmtear rpe v'v~ fieavoloalkt -kith Ra 

tar haloflirti .ur.,iooni... so ... N-.t.'! in TnWr 2 oil livi.dtio wi. l-.At. ti *ifirrt-,.htea alalain n.IahlkftiIjh 

MfollevS& rsto yourt.a ornaaII ,Iaiff-n-,tsita c4f-rt. so the Meit"a. It 

A~ nottrausohr fe-alotn. #, Tail.a-A Ii' the.- I-arro mt.t-ttlint h hosef .as Perrot derneonm rut"aI that the eFuArisX 

fly 0hIt" flop 'ret-i~nomial T fH,. lao-Itw tiw- tloo~oovvq. (rio-t.~ in * 1V1*. Clif Varies, wuith the erw~ftim St 

roll a trairlr tint.".. T16iaolutia'I-on attrimtol't-I puartl too firingfv(n 2 too Ill kill in.'. .o frowm 1..16 llporit .YUo 

asIIAt tfnfvImrf wnting flil E.. wull localtir Is. an iso. thiar maaaiesum lmi-iur. floo vruialinnoaui mo room 

aeh. Oi .hifr narowr'ti.t he -at nro vinlo PronhV er. lasing jito e 4ttoltP Wr. aowl that thre vaub. 0 

augc ,ttorlmihtl,t in the .4tambi-r Fi.tnaa-tlvI.# ti..n'.e am- ,t~o"41trt in ftiw m1iminam pit mueant &V Og 

(olttros, is. riot.w.-mvil 1wy der =2% is' Iminag 1aauwe",..1. ii. vi-lamaitr. 

Tliearincovel.4 C .Joe:inil in t his. WaY wa-frtlo'-oI 71w t-ngrat inN fn.-tiostn foars it' n-614iua to 1 phm o.S. 

is the nal-utatioim #I loomuing rait.'. an' slimeno-ooa.aaa in tomit-to P.. tloo 'Iirlingc ;,in.-mit. that appal..isi is- 

4."into 2.2. 

toorifer latl~i.tir mntlataiotn'.. Itait is. n*t iulrttitial with 

4114.111 AP imts Rt.'..itA A 

1 

it. ina'.ntawhI as the tho-,mertl quawntity infilaeaaft 

37 zMacm ,u -rr 

[it the 37-Mmo POOR, TI'.. the pffi to-mp~rmiertasno 

twi o a ietml. anad me Atrma ito .'.v hn-rhak teal 11w 

h ' lo tuarwo i -nomplifrism atoome a.m that we souls 

OR.t~-IN frivit-i.0 :111- Imaminot rule. ll.-v .Ikvtis 

3a' .2.2.1'n Ti.- r4fivioanl 4,( Isomer- (riuatio ra in I PS 

%ria...mil flwrtmvdund the aiinge%'.taifitiaa !Ipt io 

runisimeetnry it( the voto.ahoo. At rifri-n flaute- teip.-r.. 

tump culcidaltm~i (rtnise w.an m-tugwtttarnia 

a-isera agpp-aro, tu ,c--utcaI the avorrow rakv. off0.04 

:a,-eaaa'il in thev Visbaiepoe I thewytar" ballbetmao. The 

vioniotr'i 

h'.ab.:.ltjal.4t1 

this pospoiilit v that thso ecro-otimrantal pr..msaowu.. anol 

der..6 th rauvd: at ritrlu* lioni-. utna in ItntII410*5sky fiingS 

then- i.. soolo utleiiitienal misotwt do-fierit .Iiw to taelm 

the fnr~ietn rur~arltlbm-n4run. wtr lips hixh. uletoo -M-.dttiien ofpouild.Ie'"I'at Y, Othil'wuipo!te IheaYll" 

title air of htand. 71w. oeaer v.t~uliw .4( 1w a'4fara- tie lea-.. laing io.anweoulitit laawi-v than ,'.al tmd 

mareefiw brat ratio I was 1.17 f.ar Nil ;aaetwilo ianel Fuialmur mue'Ik ao Ove kindI 4le'--.ri'ilwt in this o athe*1 

1.2."fe r.115 MS vertiI. e.,ar"Resiveuaing tat 4 me 11.24. Pn-t-alvltca~".Ii laa io-ý'ajth a rie ' fons ii m 

stain ..aamr'..hat hewer than '.ap.aIin Talish 2 u,*ntifisorni anaol r~firri""tzaI priojectilt-'. anal POWaita. 

of Chapter &. 

il. noak'.im. Oaf v in this woor will it for pasesifolo tep 

IACOINCLUSIOINS tooot-atai-h the " .I i m-idbit' orubating hun Into ictjas "nd 

Th. gtnerIuu ruagudas-june ricntiuin fuaiagb and ,an.l tojin qlante-aig anti po-rfawaaflire.. 

CON FIDEl-NTIAL

(21siotio 7 

HAND PRIESSURE AND) BELATED STBESSES 

ByIt.L No*- 

STKIS4 IS IN GULNS 

D ae OULD Wý% it Sit Iwammw prbsr Irsomme M1rtal 1. 1hW open its a ,.nsumhioolbqL hsflhw arvliaulmlr. 

"IM if( en helisip lonsul ru*i~m hmil naifl Iuan five'n Iu* rovmn,4locwia! a aieufiri ent olj,.nnatraa fifon uevnil 

I"nP' flI.lf il~lti the'fepp u I d~III 141I"T 10ug10 at 

Av.43. In aalolitiafeu. thawr aheve~liqwul a, tarnlohnr Its Slsp 

ai( fle-. telarl fte maiike- riaeI r~e'fofaw airgilfilih.0 

3. Ilossnd onl paaweeirr lrn'w~afwa give- axially i*Vfl1 

pau hlsewa~r ai n~uuln' e.awlittih ,.~'fairwhich nhlflri miahiul .1fo 

thr ' en. m ao giieullY itala. sa ntault se Zpit 'haul 4. I1'nalrr iinifunnrm deitl pn.warn'w thr oftre'a diaa. 

ail 31,g-t,,ei~ne Im iva. aean ldia-en fi ill w gnlvihe off the, tinllatiom faullowo tlwe elt~atinfis, tif lem&ss. give'n in 

of WN% emý s apam tiaw wumir riom, 4 wneal laemall attol txrw. a4agmaliahia (1) too (31. 

Aba pn~mewv-au.4 Ik rewieagtuathia Mw a in the 

wan aif a W4.II fa. AS 

Is thi- r-suntry this wait hass Iseen rarriaol tern 1w m~A Rda ev.a: 

-+s- 1 

tla. Areny in tiw o(irr ~if( the. Clair4 off 4 laaanevao m 

mt %ate'rtionui .Armael.0-2 fo tes- 11 avy at (a. .' 

Ilk"g pu vwiss o CGnoaambt OVA of thes Xboapiasspu. ~ 

and fhe' Not iainal Womanma 4d SItnne~tloo." In Briet- mi- +(3) 

aim an enrlie'v inienAt in tiw smilijawt wait moilinmq~mm~a*U.i1.I1~.E4in 

whirls k.its Yaaegsalaus *4l~ssminutioasw 

As a eea~mlt off it. tlrWu4ia'I anwl rqunijwnua.uatl times- molimIalefana rae. t1orlw atr,' (nipne the- ntxseieu 

aisit 46i41pse'aI in hr11w " of~.1I r4ihitolt. impaull!ar~ah I 1. 1.a*uiI I n(itI r 1111141 to( intelCTitimsdi ltI*Tinif(' 

iwoaeirmu andl ad itst a.Cfi't. in roiaeulainalisst with 1)41w- 5. 1nor p-m-a'rllY :a'vpta.im rrittrian for familmre' is 

fle', lwwomir..un.al tlwnnaml otncaa-. 11wr knwsaalaaeir that afo NMima.4C.lenk V. to'ealia whicahi the' aqeji.pitmlq 

still Ims. a vuheualsla'l aid I o the.uimirnr ad( ho.wsr- leAmt otri. S.. ran Isr ecpr.4411em'a It eequetfit (4). If 

% Ataiil h pwlil. If 1812k vo-iimzzh' aIuir% rail . If$It- ImiraIlA a.0 S, 4a.'iepe'la.ishte- f-lrIe . II.Ci thet~ in..14at t.1 naziliare 

"-a'r-6 w rnw-IY Iaetal~ia tlwn hemia.ill' tora -o~aaf off tis-wipn i'4to Ia. v(P.4~~ t4A. 

Cmenlwir .Ieiahi. jecirlicidI:rlY a ifu. the mim a f mm 

wavroa flutisuo aaimleoll1w.4 Iattpimix-raIV lWide ý1rIvf Iie 2S.2 ~ ; r12 + (;r - Fr I -~ (F. - eOa (4) 

.iw-As' #in thom taghr. 

11.. gaiularatla)a ha...a' sr-.aeII its ts ima.aaim i 6 g. Stnn-..a*,. a. lswitrairtill v adlit ivea. If. (faor cNim-S 

11w a r-epa .,f ptrnj~i viii 6- takets oias its Claragte. 27'. 

~ :atiaI~i,,i jg ii 0-1 the~n'. tlp' 11". aCC,.al-w'f t~ia' sria 

11Iaaai 6 

glfe. 11". -iualal.iI. a a-tr II 1a, u m elar pre" 

11w 11:1114l ~Ifl..If11ma a g~i%.a 1-11~I Sri.f:m k'aiawn, 

1 

t.1u IaII'...aan'. 3 A-11:1110' I 1t sor 4014 asial ilivt'r t., 

1 

i 4l-iti.c atu mine-al aa. Ki % miaa It .~ lhiir mii. let ltiarlici 

Iov a Im-aaevwgiauiul tas ist vw' offa the I liigvlicr le41ar Ion'- 

.iarv olrat ran- m-gjuimi ila Ialf'jrm alaill' %,m-t. 

ia~r. if Ilba. to a mna ah, n-a vr~aplaaa I -g:aiil- jsl~"i ia H 

its list hajia. the' r~dash ~l I 1-. n iwiva SK, IA~t timAg If v 

a'a~flI4 a a acta iul a luu a.. piii Iitflupla* -.1 pra i 

%64.taa-i'1... Ipiv.is.a I. \ IlIW. In.al .I.I-. la fi-se n lvai v:d,11inn" .taall Ia. Iauvnlmr ra I-ýn -am aaf is 

*d \hf l~aaa ae-I.Ia.I.4 a~almerlala' V t'a..1 aa~~ ldvl .atpia. l.. .a:' In l 

5

Tit vt IN 4 I .51"TF-4*.4 F- 13 4LP 

wasawaant a ____ 

Its, s a 

0 .9i 

NA* so_ -. 

ro.-amt Tan lo oloiti -o noIu--a( iww ftl16Ifiol.I'ieM M I- ir %4o 

IIs" 04 _ __lomolo P1.1. jtoew f1orn _ __,lwT iein rcies 

wiltsults kw . b .1.1 t .rp mis 1m 2... lisatn iee.. "ialfu~4... .Iepeaen r~olrii. In,. hrmA 4o iandw poII pIi tC Wh... The 

"rm6 Lnissv !iimeate.4 Sthe th- iterit. l ;sil IN, GmtA n ii-4ih odt n i).iemiesing fw ric-itonal (ir r 

offeriin tem"'iicfm itnis i fite4 piw .,"os" j onK vai .4 d ib. ii tmo floe inst (lrYg Han d P lthre 

thm 'risrmp a '. .mo if nnrn. e1 npjar m w1~itiriai-iit, mIw ltivinI films,. floor roin ivift i lrn.I rirtwgyrm a p,'nj'mtle :Aw I 1h.w 

them tttwail he itns i I sin ýC- .rg A-4v .%. flmm t'iniv gn le SlIm prn m Paw ano set iiifor . loplfeoia firmlm of 

" filiggm La Wnlte.. a.nos. c t an he' *4I.'f.% 4 j itllt :g lew I 1iw' Il.niitina g.v*6. fg. osetg't, silne' therfosmigsti,mn ee 

121. waml I,. %ultn or.~ 7 n, owl A m-plani~w .gl Ig' stim llaq ruvom i~t gI.nwggt %4g' .attuac-IImm v.4 the vegm- itom r wa 

owl. fe, ut'm fi*gWztq.gie fte'IhC-l b~ pnee. iii 4m ifn 1gt.2 1sr mg. P wle-tt . crim is ixvjeu f4ile taser 

thAtnu uginiwzn p g sthe' is mnnt rgf A4.Y lw t the' 41gtg. l-oiI. min pr toIr too I'Ne ait .nut..,wv Iemitu n~tero~o~ t o r oitiat.4 

time .etr.e.. t00. tirligs 1.1101.smo .4im IIs:r gggmil floor F 

th.' itmo.'.-'l 

Imil .n Ir.' .- i wmivm orr a' i Im n d II rw'i Itw.%. itx.tp.. itgitn ;aileargttiaevn gio'I,.q hvl( tm cl 

.Ioo n file mrtent Itiihe i*prir 'tpi.,ellyta j i t r Iime l'ig''g44 i. UP+n .. ni'..ir Fj. +d mmeIglg 

n at4 iii, firIl.'. w'ggg ; I llvt % Ow'r \iI -m , iv e.gngt-J4iti tIferg , ri t .d I-:r - ;nisz. 41,cu junn. Iaf nd ath pe ui..t~l o 

appo'scmnn lin~rtra .d I I~'l v.r. 1 till--, j Ow~c gli,' .11: k.~i the 

I hefn - " Iii... :1.gntg. 1 Ow ~ ~ it~al that C,,g ..I,. I fa j I' ....I fIh4iII 1f . i ,lI;IIIO - ,1d 

-~r!: Pill - 

- ~ ~ ~ n4I.--c.- o ntac III. 1., -41., iit ... t'..iLin."i.e

?51~~ rotn ernn==!:= ~ 

t'=!! rh 

4z- 

F L~a A%. onist .i in 3-in. eg!t out.. iw a (wa~il... .4( ,1wganl (nii. jw. jol.saI tflsar 14. NIfltC Ittpwt A-7.111. 

and 44rSgiS(),t saWsartnwr. aMA dial arwlieratkias dE nemil might he 

E~~i~~'() e'~r~ah""e in thits trnannl ltiinaig cto 

TWP M + M *flw #o~j~ ,ther two mitthnils"' Airdteriigfito 

lki 1nm I~mam prn-.4%tt have not Itern s.imilarly analywild 

which dikeP4 the prestiure itug the. litte f.fth tlw tnijeitilei' ju term.. .4 i'xtrnimpttal roud.itioas. Thec one involves 

ditiretlv finmt twit nleAttrelnents is( strain Itelind the 

*projectiie. 

* Aluati"Ms (5) may Iie n-14:1"4IJ.V b" itilur expres. 

sitim.. in which the areeteratitsit i( temwil iii ex~presseiA in 

termai .4i ipa wgt'im.tiont.' r 1ii.. ogauge tcistnant was 

evahiateil empirieally limit the tiring.' .f t he 3-in, gun 

th lie .mEt twit liscigituiinul s.train gauges set close to. 

Mether esver the ltowaler rhamixher in ia Mtn having a 

tmjifoirm wall thickness in this region. 1he other 

methcal isst."e .qwh sustriti gauge anti a reeoilmeter. 

at Cartleork. andtiIlien Itle curvesshiown in Mitun', 1 13 TtIERIlI, bTRESSFS IN THlE HARREL 

anti 2 wpme drawn for lit- taingential strain un.I axial WALL 

*train. respectivelv, *t a .Iitaiteg oif 30 in. frim the 

muzzlie.' It was fisioni that the itinve fit the tautigritial 

stiaiflwnlI W 144 litelMIgeIlM4 if the frit*ti.n wei 

assumei lto lie zero anti that even in the- curvit fit 

axial strain the ewmtriluatimi frosm the frirtion is anot 

large enoug~h to hie .Ietenviinesi arriorately. 

Tlgrefigre. it wits conehuoideil thant frirtfitnt iannot lie 

*l-tirminei iie' hrevtflY frwaga -tr.divs gnauge mea,timentent.. 

bYv lhi. nail tan.1. it %%%,"asisitetl uit. however. thaat the 

-i4d iSt Aviii wm :ita. p s preo-n4re g..aiS I,1.ssi Iw 

tILl Stretit"e at a Poiint 

If a ninnnniftirni temperaiture distrhtittion ireslts; 

during the luatigig tar rixoling of a sothiil body. the 

eiuder ritrt..uis of the Immil ' exert a restrmint upon the 

expansivi. Itndeneieis .4f the w~armner iirtions anti the 

moiltial itrs"aer:iN-s tbirmiinu stir"s which may 

Iwu %iIpir,s44I iqua.t any exitfing strrss; system wtithin 

theiato uv. * *flai tlaiarY Itias stsx-n a'pplicd'"' in the case 

4D.4 6lonC. l.tovihindler cY uni4retn ýrajin-I at the ends. It 

- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ntth ~ t 

1.,m,,.,,,t il, t hat plane 44-tioais fair froni the entis r,(- 

,,n,. 1-10'4 .11*.. 0i..0 iii .,iri. ~ its.. maiii pl:.au :iand t hat th,, It-uiiwrat ore fiehld is axially 

- ,-, -1 fi,.*d7 g.my -i ':'I J, 'itr. mnum-trne artl iianifubrit aim ,ng the axial crimialinate Z'. 

..... '~ ., r.s... . 

I .r limeJ . tii t a iiiI( l:fiia o.th P is n 

I'le term rmpfirint l P jja ! siu it li-.!Pui,,o 

COINFIFNTIA

Tutu I4- CnWWm Im.z:" ta.q4Wf losec a E a. e41aa ha..a toa.. a.4 nomtl.' let taw."fe aaWr W..wa&p ImmarI. 

Reliefam el, wu I 

CoeI ei4 001 taubi. CA (a ~If (.4 1t1"1~ 

Thwaaaa~mw45 41, 4 

ratilasm. awal the tNaulalmmam 414a~elaamtky K an- ita.attMm'At 

irarin3a with terngimirtim. WiA.10%m taaamrmni:rvr reinait,...a. 

- 4Xat r - aaa&"at r - 4. whaur uawl lp 

arr n-4welrivlyI tim inneri ttlaI amulter mi I~. 14111mnti41110 

131 anal 191 Orr olitnint-al ftam ti,. am4 v a'me ot a Immamnt r 

1mmaaaanp~al. laming tile, fllter itw~mya tip a in. 'The 

fokr mthihr 4 hema a4ywe maaa.a4iaat the int. 

terfiAr~at 4tlw ' wiat. iuAaavi6mAMlmma inTaamk. 1. 

lime,.. tlaaaritttm oftrr,..ev an. aa-ramfinmglyP~tvafivn I~ t 

in 'tea mcl Itimsatemtm. ano dalsitomamaa itt 4 ertim 211.5.2 It 

11mifa tnan the itlip. 

* ~ A.Maamhit iii. nrnwm-loendq. laammm..tr. thmat tlkqv iMat for 

fanly a amniall trmaetias om ai tm- timer ia a naitarfl. 

- *~ fb ~ -" Cir oumart"ala r~n St41 a 

D 

1 

'p 

A nwtehqm idatlae'a~aiaha in;,.gg rm~~in o inmok- 

~~umienment ipa mawntiarncat in S-tqajamt 3.3.7. The' prold of 

p ~tide agmaatevtvim, themamem. which apptmeam tam mutrainam in a 

+ a L w -,, 

~~1 ~ 

"Mel MAar'r. jam amamlincil iam 11M. pn..amaet imerlion. 

Tiae'inimam 1t 

ratwtialsmimaiaat life MiteraMufnace ofa 

lrew r Ti. the ternpMf~ratVmre mo tir tf. N~., bhassealr&.iibal uw am~ - uak4 oft theimamtotivtdmiY 6 

V1Win the hXW~Y. in thle ePIinale'ranal it, inileflenahat of tlw cytinuriulnelf 

oyim~netrnanl ailriamtrihtian 4 tlw hteat. provimlcaa that 

Apl~catin toaxial 

C alierliMcatine Gu 

Calibea tae~aic .50 Cm.penalcat 

ahenr oratnin iaa neglectcat. 2-141 theam .ifie heat 

anal tIlk- ex-Irin~etti eamefficient mare asaaumncal to Ile indrais( 

teniagwrut,:. It ilm aa..mmmeat that from a 

(Gmcq~ljamal amtaeaaw ea~maatiaaal were ak-velampaqa fat titae 44 innaer rrmahama it anmti mamterm rnlimuaa Ia an inner 

crumpmai-te hulluw etlincleram ana ltme mewomlta werr a.- cdinilricaia lamirre wt-6m'tidj mmnimlamma P jA in'muvd, 

pliedl to the eaixnapmtatimans of amen", in r, aPeltite-lint-l4 tital unat thern a'ain.ertel iam lthe aiqmtar irtitml amection 

calibser .30 machine gma. lmiaawl Ititapter 22%. Twao 

teriupentimare aljaptrjlmmtico hawml~aaal 4m e-qam-rimenta:l fir. 

inguuf throamen ale"aciaaal in Item iaanAS..1). uevrie taie: 

In a amlanak fit. 11 m~pagmlinic the twis fawintilan for the 

moidliltta inte'rf~ace niiatmaij. cfaiamiit (10n ~ 6 obtainedi. 

(Cape 1. rTrmtdtinpt tram. a (M)-raminat Wrlfmr, anal ('a.-# 1I 

trvian a lammemt if 2Z0 ruunt.6. Va.. each cup w. two a.t itar 

+raG - P 

40 

' 

tiainam. (a) andl (hI), wet.. r-1111:0-1 oittan theC filter; r p j~b + ra (0 

mlit itlaattjaon (haj ajaanAe.4 a laigldwice limam mame 1a' tern- + rw --,. + J 

petmre aalur nid *mtrrlw-r miaaa(aat thman (jot. Uniler tIme Tiwai. if tlactemlta'natmareri-aegrmtltsfriamn a heatIin. 

Nowma ,eta ad cmnattliaammamlitie tla-minti airo.tnaam in a pi 

%.ita, r,. in. finer watrm' a'~lilitaal rr~a'aisiultv taint till"m aint. t Ifet unit area, eatuatiurt (11) fur p can be oba. 

vatlat- mat the Pui.4.aam vialij iam lam, tCa ~ml a w 1 (14a fatrwia. 

aal(ia.... 1 (1)) m'nr.* alwe icr~itilmel tom:. finmr am!thick. - ER a6 ' 

()pfinm ottflifeIiiie Mi~msm-Acmi~ilurivltaTa ctlr~~odng vmt raml CN11-nAiain ir. is gie 

lathim:.ta -trla'evaaa aoti. anat tam a w.iam. taar Itam l llaý1Y tie etpagatiaan (t1,) 

,gnmmitmh." im-ata at,janat I lic. tamamatr tiiam nriv'a~ain. (2 

CIA F DENT li 1

Moll I'MV-3AVSK 16MOO UKLMbSb . 146SSSU 

'A . mmmmqam 'Aje it ..~It imam:16ý mlI 1, .. 1.imiiim4iI1I limmq .mE I Iii. a.14mmioi rnot no ing Irai Puliffl wl~irh movtias Ilsmte' 

fit erjusamims i13). iitliul Imusid i' immirmlwl.m.m. Imr a "thsin" Ijulv, with wallI 

2vR KC 

* k ~ :j.(13) 

raio 1.5. a ritlial ili-let-tiirn .a-,rnwr, pietuio'ml in 

Fimorr 3. na.s vitosjlm.vmltlmss 7111 4368 to W3 " flefi.-. 

Mrs# i.ina .4 IWO~u imtIW AMO. 

in it himis K L4 tlisp wall -mlio. 71m m.~plociowm Ir.. ill 04"'Ar~ In, voiWat*Iw 04 a W1 .. r-114'ta ntle a... 

tIflu-mm*sn imslepetukimiit A(rmul. :ism equal tou the IImlpia. flial cmsogem. *no,. t1ir -mronfart pseintam werme the dial 1 

x4mm 4J lim titim. Ulu-iti flu- iim':mt it. m1"iftwlml ' u16ftnii- plismlov tod:, tue. of ..nrnir sinviih Pet 120 ilemIN 

litri. If flu-i hints I~mpan s rflv itiolrimvmIlv -ýmitmiieiral agmars. 11m- dia~l me-14minKc girts gave the tmur md the 

mhtrlumti~nit . filew* pm(*Almlomw. ti (non uiw- Ii li-ui.lie i mamlial ,.IasirmmP gofoimmlk 13k 1pooswit. sli.ant. Acesmspirormitillm. 

Aiiet- fill- mmtsm.1ifot immm Hi~lm-sr. miy-of .4 f ienmsmg .tolsm.sipmwed Ivy matntluinmngnevin 

11MmAkil ti'iflqljomur. 

ST.3..r IC( MCM10AiW~iNTS 11,liii x1..'tl 

AND)5~~ PROuiCi-t1I.F. 

A wqlicon minI miimel fisly. nut Won a 37-mmn hoarri was 

1ilarve ~its l m343f454tmt andu "initial lotan" with no 

um-~mom* :, 1 , 1mjii-l waxugmlmgailwmI tiny tfminK 461muiItialing, 

Il Purpam.. of Ilse hivet i.-'taiots 

rhn-thmd mflhtm~,i-i ýmlij-. me-Gmr-mitml m at~m. 7.1.3I 

ami ;.JA Wet. am-amilpalivil 11 ' v Amliv il.wa~mmivn-melm. 

wigh 17-tismand mii5-insitor imrmmjihiep. TN-ime :1111 Ifis lIl 

of 4415-io.. immti-nvl'. 'nor hulme .'meetmio wax, then my. 

aitw-vinI frmmmm tim- .4-amine-vu :111f,mn,.iSrr mppiijci'l tot the 

tositbilt ll' time hu. iah.ii ii ya hiandi .4oknown- 

wirimb. mur by tIll- votatino:lg hmtnl du3 limijem-tile psimimbei 

I'n .1 a tmAtiimg mnuihitia. A~ awi-imtl opals waIS then1 

;i-tigexivtillm will " tit arive, minimtilt mmk-iimimtimg mamush. Fimalit- the. tum.- wax. rpoivrosia. the. preminmmer me 

the lsitiAiimqi imnvtv-.ma-a mu-vi-rr gs lcma th aml mimig am-r m-it#/ ,u~- midmina limim is n4un.. ninim I. i-term~injl wh~-tiwr a 

Klviltlpf. oi4l that five INmmivismt 55 m144"110 miminninig Iitigii. 

ins muight lov tm-~in-dite.1 Gmw vaovo in whit-li uuuAmim- 

Ilmiefliam'lit A.1I ihalm IN-tI. Iirmulu"i*' ill Ill- fiiiv. 11Mill 

wax. LiiL-l tit av imir-nir'-mrnl with litlk.. haii~ng low 

Vunin'ai w~ere dti-ti iliunwit pialibeling tim-- timesi the 

Amosaratim.. soliid Mei-t"imI ruinmln ml~il.tmmimftmmu acigninut disalm~~mei -Jlmmic the ey1. 

inal". .% t~H1YI gipil r!i) ixm m imnxi Sw1 im 4. Simuilar 

T1ire arly awok- movisi-ovim- lint xelisiiis tilt "Inanmpa-tim.' milivi-'m1mw kuimman Immuil wi4Ililim we-re ii'sm~l inl elibImatumid 

il'tvi-olmmiig gii-tliim"i- (Aw l1nixteur ilKliii- the14al sl~mri-.I olurdl--imim li flipg x atin-:itut jmui'mi ti-itot. 

rmhimiil i4mucim41m- tmm tmamil jifl-u%3IW :11,11 Aiim' I Ive widths mum-i IN13- lnm.ms'-Am i-mawir fomounm Ik the itm-fulImdofec 

of tihe pnr-ummn- Iummm, fl.:i I.-. fix. %jat imht 13 us lmu11:11. I iWtn 7.1.3. 

Vat ia "thiirk- 37-mm ituiw. with wtiml ratio 2.18. 

mouI 1mw xevlitimmm i( Inarm~-r giftsu,, a dliffereint ty-pe of 

Pmoonelir wax. ourliu~mainl. -ii ,-vlintIir wwa*Aim .siictritt 

Immio mumiidial witi ii tiirianimi.m top lti-sse. tilt-1 thtri istaur. 

u If 111am m 

v. 3 Ar,6 folm.- :w.W- iu 'ARE1 n-41rwa waii Fzn 3 

1 1 tl -31. NIM R.W A -3 -- 4.1

eceti,. w-so em, rnismititl that it -mwolI lie me~w-im .thing ommiee lta.Ia smemmt :amvc---n raremilul Ire tolsfaintll 1W a otietflu- 

n-vlind"- in nee-ameivil mfole... Misle easlimc-tnsent (of lociranvr-4e 

rlJInsmbi Omit- nmmew. olignwtiol-aet pa-macli, ec thr e rnely 

~~~~~k iM* I& 

I"1 Evliasna e BOMA T1Ci-e-dLte. 

Wtvi-tipa ri4eeu ad. Sanul "I ee voth l I-. A lnitsvi 

nh~emv~ionv irp e n~wasov its, ~.ei lowr S 7 -mm Peh#*. mnt" 

Effv-irv. * iskrirer 1" P.. iri.*nweal 'v i~sss n-wooihi imeul ;ee'-eie-tien- 4d leixol can Iw- nmailt (rins 

me-ty-am eirri omit with olooleii .17-niim ,lAe*t. and locina KI. ItI icc fit".-saerY. hIvrnarnee~r. ftpe Pe, r wall ratio 

pfrensoosifl we* nwa iaremel at a limintt ci thee tiolot, Almeet meetti~l fivtti-"m is(~nel mut Tile. grct variatiamithat 

3 in,. lotwittiol thatt at whi enceravinic fake-, jolaen-. It wa,. iflimneqrdee in tix- tixittle osttne -si-me l -ting elsit e seloc ateWom 

intlit-att-ii IsheetO tim-p-mimins, 6i .011411 e she Owernce- iehommnotrohaeeel.17mni As o$sla ornoosiaeia raesr-pamtliitg vaer 

me.A pans of the- Inesrt anit tholo it immselws, isomemoil at" ins obo lothu a ol "p~ L Is a Immitisu.s ue0.lo 

th-lips hak. In anall~uing sthe n-waits off film-m e-s.-ft.. fix- withi 75~-titntn AP elAuit unil ilP- wim-. tle.. ,areeja-e-tile 

newe~-t" .4 "ri-c-anwitLir int.-rfe-ce-wm %- av a.' som-l. Slint-e we-r- e-.ctej4"I-e$ Iteo pilloh ti-a-ta inl a iteM-eMl 7-m, M 1IJ7V 

thie. quc.antitY iosiornem the- cle-che off riflingl, it wait leater lone-I Fet tle. weelie olitst it ova, feernonl t hat c-ailitel lamild 

ahi.-ecee-l tit ese" - Free-tive. .n-a eel lose- fe-n n.-e-2 Ie.-r- P'i-i pweeorneitoiemai tee K~lo . a.' 6c A-cewn ilrn Pigre- 5. The 

inaftc-r alFAvis-i VAI." loilo. filtm-1iwi neay Ill- - mae-im-A raetio- wee. 7*4 leeminolspe- in--fe+ 6mmlg-irrrfitie-li:-the 

efceeitti-l eetaeieellal 1ev Aliv-ieihce tfeu- orgiluoille few 10l1cml ice. P*-%. -laet I t lee- ratiose itveeee-a.e-e fee, vmvt 

.o e Iiel ld ee-tal. 4-\Pngoeqe-l ill feelee.- iswte-h . thu-t uaioice 

lea- cceemepe emit in, pn.'iult fbgcmuejee t1-~- Lool- it tutuea-ieoll 

fulfills. Ti-h namir part off the- jen-emALIP ape- 

Jbi-in-il tei le- r-amre-nteatM in u a eernemew "me @4 the p 

a11441e 0 %-4Wrn ri-n neho. i fllvte- Iceen- e-r-cef-cne.Ist is ll 1seelectfic laendi. 1111 114-1136We so( tIer ie:±nela eax far so 

Iee- reeeqe-e th1A s 11t rt k-114e shee eel e-ealietieeg KUI eifft-rern P' lFA wux. noiv-eeeenitel %-am genar-Ii-:alis hipeliacutea 

ae-e-ewe hug ic 14 1411-14Tl1e-114 haseleiane-t-ro ice e-eeeuehl-r ow wl iith looliptoitiesneeing rsaeisallc ineaanl actuifc-t the 

larg" -10ica the- grewati- iliaioseeqar. liemnaL 

Anamad i',l.rsolloss pe DImor Ciwamff" AMaaa. to thec- Vwhewienl~eletPI-uswje-eaeea. 

totatir ,.tnplitre it minis fe-enel eweeeve-weie-et teo ite- leuceel 

pia-owen- 3m-f ines-I e-mic--eeen-ia-emt folf-MMA-MvaePl Ii.V1, 

V1 rfwit iteeti-veeiate- hrnesel a-iz-,.. ith ale ican-t-ria 

rut iellee (S-W VI-en t teil-l nsed. Feer re-4Tlroe Ieee -0u m.. 

a( the 

I'lie,teethm- 

thanci pe-e-.cen-elm-r soitrr~ee ins-ie). It in teinkiei by e-eeeee- tra-te-rall y -aoneettieet. Iee t6e e-eec'.rtcmont -emeo d 

integautinx the- eh4ewmnti~ati m-cre- etA-c-v Ili- Irn-iaegleel eu'atrnfi-M %aa~e Igive-i te tho f -ie~at ele-(sereeeeiein Ue the 

the- min anal iaj~jvP%.iee t lee- "161414e4411`11i13 ec-f mti- 111141 HI M&e fiia*te I lee- linICT .- ? cmtilgee Id 014Pe' IM4 n 411er' 

fties give-a in 4-c-ieon 7.1.3. fle- hie-Y emptalceiemv an- init e-eegraericg. alee-n alen~hwan-e. wa,. neete- lee the,-.fraetern.. 

thle- reetiern P lA1 wee, inern-e-.e1. evete tecc-a-emid 

fm-el -j' jiJpdz (141 tfe.- vbraei fit Al' etole. Verneralcee-. eel h-A1 in e-moe-c-ca. eel 

fstill 11 I1 tol in. I n.-mie-Ii,-r-selveai-a which 

P 

f 4 

.td 60 - )J -3smdr 

3 6 f 

in Otlicet, 2,16c irlae cl e dn teltlie 

ilmie mfin-ta t hats leleecs is-Goic-(ee'trnza 4am eelu she -h wall 

(1 3) halel emitern-el. 

n e-lei-n-teea, eel tle. c-tealy if( lranc.1 linr-.calen- 

me 1 thet- pre--.aen- en immenla fm-irlopivca- ine-h. 

~ ice 37-eeecc periejen-c-ii. la- It tar ccie--- icelel -XII I~-14iga 

gricegt lenletv~~cm,~ a. .eeceerrl c i-s-en 

Frictie,. Cecefirie not. A itin leirla eacnet ill, d ee cic-eclair 2.. 

iiaten-vi~ ice thlme- ci ci it- set. im a rri-t icer ee-fiteet C vuti,--a- eel 11 EA I wo-n- nieteh- leer p-ee, ee a 

ala-fticci I eecle 4Ic-: Icc -ecl etm 5rae-tel 4ae1t(eee e1cee-011- 

a-iZI' Ic-ac-a-l -mfiritc~ Ig-1-.e, Atm-s- 

P~ace-I I lee lemeal- i111ec'rate-- :lc-aicil tat-eel 11ee-1-a-, hvit~e la-eeaiic rnmecael ancd pec-it tf-t- a t Witclc-rtacan 

*trv t-e tit-cie Oil-m hers.iti-fil- rI- 1:1 lee vivee-car-In i-~-ttn ~ Aaiccaeeelj '111, a-lc1e1:1e 1,i /' .I i. hildlot-fideti-ct 

mei I laa. ca- iriig cc.arceleee. Ill 111a- 1 7 -111ee11 -fial 41lee. (riti- e4 114 lee :sill- 1ccc cl--sto igii 114te.- re.leljllK eiiel. etNIap1t 

lit %eAve-lajee en- (ewmce- tie vacn rroome 11.117 te, li~tlc IN t i ti-Pese i,. l~ea~ervvr t.- %-I-% .iccolIleeie. Igik 11eax 

II 27,1). cli-rferiteg :cr-mcccal tIZ. . femiceal Iecil irlgne t-raicchlee f~il ceee ill i f:' lin-jg 

f S I'ri-dvie-tt iee f( lletcieh lrer'.oori-a 

ta-ao, i- 55I let : per m.? -eei lai-lJer Iblccicc iii la-i ltaI-a. 

Ml'.O. it oain. annl Ii lcia Ft leerA IIw 11r -ll,. ill 

Ili ieji I hu,. eacet 4 i ee.ec~c-gleca~lurnn~cieie 

tiicc-lelecer ?H:i!e fat ,-alist c-he- ile -twicll v:adila-', taoit 

lalec ice Icie ver rclilmo-r. 111e- %':]lcilt- ;1-.5arc-ld-t v-ach 

1,ee the- eele-n-ai-c cl-fe,eecccieee,.. itft.(.ae. thte tic:-a eueev 

-n f

Ito 

400 

-~~~~. - 

"M" 

Om 080 

0ur.A 200 400 6'4 Im40I" 

UtMOll AKCA Cr INTCWMRNC (EAI) IN WS' $q ON. 

handt 1*1 pfrt~un so (Uavtu.,a "( hALI t.o 73-nmm Almit' II1. lIE n+cfikv. thigtum 62, NDIItC Ifrpue A-443.) 

T.& Ie Proce*. of Firvgnew 37-mm tuix. with ,4tunqLarih fbarriaag eame. r~alial 

I~ngraving 144414 w~ax sho~wn to i-i flmeamilaIwl with, hAt travel. The 

11M. pistic test "l4U,.ilfl'flh4nt,. weI1 316wo 1mmlaN too aive'rage ruadial pm.eiaan I' was ftairly roastinnt during 

,4 ialt the pmmr-Aa~ oif enagr-aviaag. 'At thw lM'gituaingl of 

11w I ((-,t, t hat in, at PAn w pntratitm. it 

tNe amaair t ape'r 

-of Ih bandl n"#NA awlinaso h (Imi.. rone.aa CaalC. e pm-eng~il,' 

In i tasaad l-raving, 7-mm tube, engraIving 

volnatl tiaveI~rn 3 fn-Afi(h-ale'3~I di~tunlfe. It 

%v:L4 (mindm t hat Ihe r~adahl loud at a given Pos.ition of 

jin-tili w~a. Owln pailAtei into 11 th ta~th 1)y - .2-in. Atrep4, th licriaut h:11 the .-uaaw vnaaer it wiatla 1mve in a new 

deforiaaaaimf,4 lacing niezasgnal after i-cisc! step. Ina a tailw foir a roarn.-aoaawit gly atumller laund. 

CONFIDENTIAL

*llag. ni~jml leenel lerlwve'.I vfTiV im.neilnr v. . ,114"linx 1 

em) flag. ieA. .'g ,,.1i n tei tell (maii I if) tern 2X l~ eenl 

44 fhbvior inca.momninl after e'nernvill 1-1 iall.'fl*ge-m 

Was thp vail .4 .. prdaps"'. 

T... e- topi, wa tdle #in a foei~n~,g "mdrw. off 

aleigh'. 1w n-viltilig rnelil leotm"erre win. hl to, Ior 

It ainwanto ,HYJAnI.1 taut tlhe I'IKI' . tlu*1m foorr~fi 

"or dowelen moet mutfetn.'. Idas~igoi~ t 6,ijeeuf~idgmlal. Pitt-ill. 

If it aljelvW'h..e l .L.P~jo eq..v. hueoweir~r. then 1toPlete' eegil 

visple, o4 t he rifimg Pon ar aei puawnx rmt in. van 

sp.lEW 'nlint e'9,emnff. ith"ef qn.W.e .elwnrim aernw IoMd 11W rto 

rating lIneol. 

fail fair fifth to, flow ejubh of th.e.. fewa islawn.sirv 

(dieting etodw. 1la' ntiing in hlruii. arteol like ani 

xnaImzipenchisist fal. Fe arrieeew edimoommpaioaggnee. 

.4in 

l1w 1. lAvN%%ll(: MIl tREMIENTtI 131-ING 

lowl fear x vin-ilar pnne-h lagaag.rafltiKa a thick ;.lair FIRINE; Or 34N. AND 37,.UU 1.-NSI 

donoo umeitW"ee soe a fimetleat eef .'fqrtinffn. 77W luE ~.U. ihg id -n 

ha~ijer in the' two, -mve~ -vto , 1rnitg eetimilas. inp mth3 .Gu 

$tnainil meiarnmeMote. eat the' 'glnnl oierfeiti' of the 

Mcaiuv~a~ia Plats0 IegtlT4 Wri" taken 11lee6iKEthe flmnuge, tI' be4 in. 

Mtn of ('aniornru k. as 16-ornilaerv its e.e1- ifoot 4.4.10. 

It W~ai eiit.a1e 61,14ih flint .1%6l 4M"imt ig siff flu - Cag omearigluierst!- it tanm.nwitil intnin tilue fte vs prie~eolre 

prinvilial nievlinii.'t jn%-oelfql in lifi.e-smr~ idi aerie.letds 6141 pesoimn* May lsee d-oomi~tieI m"Ali tlubleo 

rouaauia~ lusiealg low a rewiring refue d4 0'aill w~lr Ptels i..qkql by~ lati-rtim-n *rw.,l.~'1 BYi ePernteile' iite'rpoe 

s% ill a :-vve K'i rf wri I flat Ilice pritreivieel i'tfer rat iroml :inlfextrarpeilu4ieen. tlag',ee'tallee'eein m ay 1 iceeol lee 

ipe a rniqliail preP...cn' tewrine h~e' nxiee off flee pinijo~-ctife. usy wall raitios. Veeiintelaoeee'ipilde~ydlee flew tthip'I r w-Aw 

re-eqilt ing in plececi i "leew .40 di Iw IM ,,el len iaienl nrnrnimil ntli~it :ine. itrve n so. me. e'eitontu o (I)tchmle I I 7a), hlere ad 

too thle' reeline. lleirnie.- .4f tha'eucae 11110. o food .e . lo tav 

theaw "ile..i ia vtmeai6Weilrl elipcu-s-hewvit off meag'l 

th lag :ewll rit iov 4mt i~e off easerne flianage~ftr. P ixe the 

antrupiihoieen fivem thr olr,eeginrfawaeidthoo-M, zio 

iisusM so iie eoheard, io 1giwtrik* A wdiscilogiuthat slwg ehleinee ealtos the sin. is etlhomlla. nasa (le mob#- 

"eeflmpe I willI 2 wh~r nrjweivdly top the "unkritiar 

join" andlli toIhe 'kneew-niota"~ few whicrh %ualiewe are 

. e. - %1(1112 (1I/ 

off tlm. 3-in. poit at a lieent 32 in. freem tile' riciie'. 

Coomwfoue er lhiii guilE. ..eanlelvil frieaii le'iV'te Wa ferti-w 

teelele' are Aeide" n in Fisnemn.T. 

In .arnimirnctinic the. unmet pliteemuifl. if tim eieciiiiie( thiat 

frid-tiemi send avele'u"e'tjen pealeive' ,ie~glible 

t e iceepo.. 

....- \l~~r., 

Metal.' 41 taingential ectrain. anwl 1li.11 if lile- eeeeelltene'nt 

eliwr tieeg loss l"'etiflr iA.41er-elle o (mi.reeni tile. ilie'ti'liiid 

g ~rnlmn. tle.' vaelie. d ix- tIe.'len-l ,fren ill eeleaninie. From 

1t1 i,.Ilt- Kleeld p~rr'-.een ioe e'eileilnte'e.01 

l'r'eio elli,.erve'el *lmf :. .4 mii "as. 1 ,fe M hl :tgaeit.'et 

Fe., eor.e. 7tT.- thin. Anov.i 11 eO",tdgi~ee di 1.. 

ne.eat ifin liio1 eet a aemj,p-Hile..1 

grejerfpj. ile'l-;e~eeie'i S. Figu~ere~ A.) (4 t Iea.s.-ere 

wui elo-erie,-get..! bY iýAintinjg tileit file-' fain r~e 

eee'i."MIinie1looer abýe-i,.-et fnueit 14 tier 29. ili. (reecli the 

ewctir- i& PetlY ;it flee 

eifiretci n. fe a elit iditi-a 

euv le', e4 i 1:l1114ecelA in a ranieul 

.tiesid teeeli,ee radalj~l v inaicrel 

1.1112A.e cc:,. rwei re'eli,,11. tee I lii. prn-e n.-e. "hiesli 

tle.'n razlveii~Lttel 1.c tlee Iaiveý evfeilieeitm ilk liivcr. 

":ec 

E 

etin e'l-jr e lmo iep lx eweiiltioe. If.% fit lee. ice leete l t Ile- 2. 

eje. ececeler filee grew...- eel eli..nltrliiieg. 

E(r() 

CONVIIPATIA

10 %%~I) Vtt 4ND Ht. %TV*wrwmw.4IMM 1 

. . . . . 

1:~~Izzzz UNIT~ 

to 

36 34 * g aes 11? as .to 

POMW pom abK"C*""Me smm amI1 of BAR A" 4111111161 

Twu . C..aquilA iusanuwd.t~ia I rin In unit loIomouW .in .inivw din 34%. Kaun at Still. Irnm I Iw. niuot-. (IFlowil.. I 

?ABAU. 11mpam sonia 

111141fiuw' 19&A 

*1 -sVes 

I t @a 

_01111111m MIS g? ff 

hew4miiglmar plfl"'4ifl variatiinni IWt 114''ltw,'1(o 1111 tjI Vi I rex ilrl~ u Vi iin. 8. 'M6k wis I hen vidifnmtgi led 

P11 %41? p~trip.I%4t IcI too Isrinijelif lmie.p wSioms 21.1 .37. fr. in th mtw. it'u~gird ta~ngent ial Irain. Io, give Ptmn III 

M11u: tid - inic I Itito Iov g IN 41.rtrn..p.lidiiv ll r~aiuus. per 41114- lot loamnl 3ln.4ltfl. HandiI pn"o1o j~it~ll imonspe I 

unili I~f~Jsi - Iinwm ill Figuen. 7.he ri miopmotrif oil -4pwjn. imiui wast linwni by di liuinig thle Iwatk %-;titl 4i 

orin dw Ishe pis, I -ssin- hY',IeI w fill-stt, I hi,- vitve' It thaizt 4d f1mw 

CON FIDE:NTAL 

ol:,llul csarve, in Figttre 7

scV 1TW Wr %tso RFV.KI'V 

S ?itteaelr, Witde %raga 37.,mnt rwl Can 

sauImllistlep-vole'e oli---wri roiteipne~nt feelw in 

a," =A vmrop as I1w. ~iAt...se hdiopot - lNeotilieet. # T.erhomospoir.0 

I - 

- - ~~ - enlili wems esltinimprl'i."" 

61srineeiem 34. Oit, q'is~ at Can-e&'me Ulerribio bWm 

sw.'odillhsamph. Twoe gneegr. wenr Plam'l tmuwituaflir 

- axiSal 30eeag'w sid plard'eI neatr the torigilt iefnELhg 

ateioway eveshwn Aie 1imnr-'. anoi narm the mttesdk. The* 

* 

N, Masloh' 

lintl g-,i.trni n'eemilwsf iole tlwIgwo pigrps nlear the peswe'ioainlw'r, 

mmewe ..neewsliii' top i.ewxinom and tiwa fk- 

soor "W o MAW 1 'el gretsheallir. (ospeeem 3. 4. L aomilI &eWhi"we 

awma 

TUV sih-iordt-pti Aoa 

I 

7ew iaeli'mee viwietiemal Werft. limit thise 

Kwax intoriei'iihes'1 Immpleewd 11 ewAi pcugr S. the tangra- 

A opomorwhat spneilr rowtlemi wus' it..l Gew cvrilmept. tiat g o I eee N-aif r tleeneizzle. llw',ee vljleratory strmn1 

U.d Iman peswaern' of giteic 121 .2 T. ptarw4 tad,; ti.; dwu&+eqxl netilier andte werr, Kt""1"e' in aempli~telle whsen 

i&. koft Ih bF iw .sfm Nilkni&I Itdluaevvi. I lee vio. primm- 11w. pnejwlvril. lnul a rnmtzle ve'leitvr qd 2.t,30f11 then 

otm wio oa leetivro~l fissfiont hat tit the i~ters I. m'ing a lif- when fthe vi'efirily wax' 2.521) flps. At 2,tMJ fPs the 

fir Iss ooitawmmplhews ax' fit pwws'irn' eI,.*nlaletsoa. effm sat wee..lealV ntiir-ibe'eis.S 

Thiii floeilt. .4 them'e fntrm.ernhie'tsitow jeetaw m Imitseel L~atert elAt1:6l44l Pts'teel esf liwenif preveweeres in the..' 

* 

limmimpur. fur 2 I110 per rentt charge, itueel. id1 fronf tnng iri wax' tintetele.. '11w' csseitsttti lel hadPremiml 

2JAM1 to 30.M10 pee. near ely' meizale'. nmsnpeere'l with r'm'lwd at nenminecem #I( 7A I IV)lopoei. 'fl16 value iseof tie. 

a pespwousrr (of front MIAMIK to MOM'i mei nealse. 11w. Wen. ,'nws finiler to( maegnirmee~ zas' thast feceene fur the 3-imp. 

For I'voltim'l-e'hetrp neesesel the latte'r pn'ese'eere e'hetwao gon sue'el in "~pcerirm-titi s uls','riliecl in 4eWtitm 7.4.1. 

little' variauiemn froosenta et few the 1130 pter rent e'le'eng. 

twitthepetessen" lw' alistig the hetjrn4 w'l 'eke'nase'ii 

whsen the tmin' waoo ps'aoee'l. 

,4"veral t~plsrs iti thetorm'fieal aenslyeeide vit 'aim . 5 

tuoely ualmeeif .40.1Kb. peq. an prflee',ee'm ie'4i',Cclthi Iese it~'l m in tlej.. cd eely. 'flu' firmd is' at mifiie ditk',hea' madil. 

theyi~ieviupunt omf resle.A4wukedctnnceqar'? the neate'nauld s vf ye. wheirls gave peeal rceetho foar lutnd preinspoomlt'J" 

the noteeting ltasndi. emecel in the tiricugo. iegfitinny vithn takent in vtremjeeestiun with simillejgrapl 

Aa iautm-e''inst aspe'aul mcuavieee'nrort was that ofl "w'ic'is' e tofiring astrajitim. Wicen this' desiterteion was 

eiftuins' in she vicinity' (ef a hisle in the gemn lowrv uhr lews Iater rimeeloiedeee with Is'eiing. aegee'tn~4tt with e~t'fl 

homd Ian', elreielk at riltis anglept lte thed axis. few the in- sieent wte.. urpin Pupil,. e'xepe~t fur maximum vom"itye', 

tt'uileetjestio of a pe'e'.s..rr gauge'. Ple'ven olemin gseegi'w wheichl he'leeketA litse't w'itlet fidll deets, anasirwew.S 

wpm 'ex'me'nte'e tip 11w' ,'erlfase 4~ till- Keen lwuirm n xim'eeel Teit ge'ne'r"l meetleewl. were' enmpluo't'l in ieetr'pe'4the 

huumlme, t e flt-t lee'ee teeing anacdii gauge' at it.- e'slar. 

us"- t~~poral veerve'e eista~a ýImris illae,'trzar'e isn l' 

itilt ii..' tiring dal~a. 'flee tire't meeahisil"' ±'.sime',e that 

5 ienm,, 

It steil 1AI,. 1114s fleeitio'l. Ihe' t 'flvi.is eec . kw: 6isvIee~ rteespIw'e 

the' redstilit leegteces eat like' a nerrime xiatene uf high 

~el'sirt-i fleeeitire sleetii I la' herr'', fs ellswede tax the 

,elf sit eeehIalf etav feill ItY :e je ''i' Iim vlies' tlt nwrere- le..ttsr ir. t,"'n"e-. 'lte' srn-,t ee fhlea trtnene'ti weweld 

.jmidessel teeipy llls'mu thas reetastiee hnleceec e taiii 

ste. Ii' Osw Ite .1.' A ~ial ge'e' 2 iee. fre setIIle Isee' 

tot-t~.~ eier it flee' iee,':set tihe' v'e'ter eel thes netfiting I-ande 

11.14 111. te' V zeeeta lsee-et iee. if peeeoIei' pe'ts'tre as no%-g 

eitw'ehli' ,iesueew Itoe a l4"'.'r ele'gre'e'. Misi as'- Ii-rtl. Fewge.i e' G;. 12, 15. l1t. mdet 24 in. fteem the 

shiteaslisses ýt roieai' itt arilmheetel leg iese a birt.v ties i'e imeeeezzli' eef etl' :1-iii. gm.~ 06 e.ea-iiutis aen excet 

fal pntigi d qnv e I hate iccjsert is ( INese Imts. sec ciiel isset a14 ,'ee11 e .*' t ~trhe'r far (rems the ateezstle 

rt.~-"e' essiu'r sites Wese. lgate' n'eeidsg, ess ri':aetiv ieets'rpr-tsei wre'e.uef. 

COINFIDElNTIAL

%' for -V t 

faalaifia 1. NashaOtal. l141R744U looma~aw. 'fripHmitVNI nioNIIVY 

3 ~ fileu th thrwiAp laai ,uantla:.Iw? " ana maa'li,tin, bla. M PI. fa uAa t-Oua jiva flu-a~.. nwiaUaami 

trimiugaa9l1W the. itritj,.it. whlaima'i, ~ mq its Srnualva n rew- atiata .. n i~f .19 aa.i i i.la~fam~ 

i.--ni thawb 

:ca 

ala....uilaaPaI tia'iju -a 

(toha~a 

FIRING ir 4W c IRF ii.it.n %it; i tii anall Or ill Ih IW W .1a-ti#a6 

1AS Coaralitioaiga I Cim;~aia oiolal ril.tad (nm. the 

' 4 tems Uiwaaamo aaaitt wa~r Iamaala. aloimnig the rl i s..lw puamoaL 

h.(Cud rafitiwq At awarrat milthiibil pat Imumbb. Two. X. hlblam privemaw. ammimbiatr A, ai s'naf Jam. 

oif the foan..! werr rutteq it in. 1ta laniinam. a obaahhlita veiuqaaea at Wtaterto~wn ~enI Thaw hinmm wicleh 

\#k. 22. a- 4irer.-ilmea! in . 4 -ialiom 22-1. 11w thin! was, a wa.. nooinIawa tib hra 1.61 calji~wr. 

maita~idil. chnminiuint-phatrh rimnrn in which tise plat. 4. HOM. P.%qmnANssw. r.-.. ldralaatril Abuts the wall 

fig wait .lishtly. tftjwwrl twaw~ril tim. nitattzle. as, ala- ratio wand i the ma-tdanittn rilemala tamgeial jtrsin,, 

'Wimli upe l~e(pit imIwa n i a..r.. aremnaling tam the. Janms6 tlwwry an 4 sipawtm I in 

.141IMP*. a'qamntiaa 4211, in wine!, 0. Oshe Paoaamm ratio, im taken 

Pius t13p....iad :smnmuiti~mam %w,.n. Mlla..: i'-.I4 if tib Ibe (L12" 

trin~ariy tima'tI in file eliwiawa 4,(t aj a tilm .. j( jin 11~* ) + (0 .p)7 

imia ý1..Iawn fit guive 1ha. lenot ensciaemt; ands Tr.MN Ill, 

whirh Pmimivi.eh hnal rive'n time nma...t enwu.ioa ill nalilwa. 

.5. lItalu hap..,. ie the anethl d 

.5..7. okra alp.. Sleajaina -.2A3) 

iudiulek"iun 

- 

-W5L aiaýu Immk 4w'4VC Pta. Zlt11 Tha L"P's JIM 

(4w ap." fi "WlrnSbol M.&' uottim of Resmults 

lna nit fitted anil ehrawiniomamplaiamv harm with ia-. 

A le*Aaurrmtn'tA atill Goin 1 ,astationa pew! p)iating.tlwixna i-nalpwmirwpeakahiaap~Wandata 

paint )s'timrwn 14 anal 24 in. fromt the Imiaw-a a; in the 

mtn~ins- weir nica..aal with rf.atiminen xamaga.. a- s'taelite-linoda hamm thim otwaitnwd araound the enal ul 

mma~taw irrasmfa'n'tkiib tat rhanswan h!aiitim. a- tlw the liner. at lmisart 22 in. framni the breerk 

oatr-,ie?,rfan. adtim. iawarni. the rrpslto iaeing reamiaaml Kand Pn-esa. w-Ise, Priwnt. wras greater than the 

In' the isw~i~lwmhsgAi ah'..arilmmi in 4 at-ialn 4.4.2. Ma,_c pus pnrsaawa- Uihew theime sa wmim caiy. thew hamad 

initaln tangetial otný.ro we.'art the~n tlabillatcal. Stafl- 111 n Aur. -,w e.ýmrjtt at the aorigin of rifling, weir' higher 

itig at the- amrgin ad( riffinag. tim..... ni.ngeda frains HMO). andl hsataa tsor a gn-iAtar alix.tznea. down the taun4. 

P-i tip torah" tliwaaprimarbnalin 203)(M)i psij at 20 in. inian hifet.r aqaafurrw Ptresm.. amn the rhamlicr medial af a 

jl ima hvc~h. then dairmaua'al :as hem h~iaai2t :ppramamai~a~a iimsea auimaan w'-a'ra Ala !-r~~tihan oft . mamoiAar hanyli. 

the nmaazxia. Th%6 was, noAs riaranteri~oata witre-past The rna" eram.iveuiatssasnitiams paxirsjaei flth, gwatti 

when oil was prrma-nt in the ham..r haowever. stamins. Maxlimum rows prrmaaarews rangrid from 45=0~ 

Inam alaition to the aietevraniatj~im ao( taamagenti~al fta 5-3.001) p41 anal anza.itinam htamd premamulc fsawn 

Atrerasa-. ealIuhatiamni wet.. nuaa!w ar fj IV4. fither ata1ann 51,014t) tai) 75.(Mlf psi. rma. Iwwre ecpansiam was .in the 

CON VIDENT1 %L 

~

FATEFtIOR IIALII.%ýIJSIQC$O 1" II PEImEAc~rnY mROJECIE 

LLS 

68 tN~ml~l CT~tI% in ;antie'ami. loreat iw'.iitwrmsou .l nes Lainwql~.. 

mostt.. 121 halliUW iictnie howiete~ wpiom 

eelg tier1"ti 

mi 

enipm.'i tI Ie [Mir ,wpemis Ieei~~ Iw. I'mfftn in fmemf.. IYmrWYV.FAfir PYP pir 

Arneolm.Vieitlntieatl@have reesiiret-l ti nge..' f lo~iting ieew lfierm ipaftwo Ik pmlarcee ste eitypo, N is thif "am 4i, 

the litegmminwtstr 4 ru imeie in th h.eretlizeirilYr lt inis- Isilellt interm.etesee.l tertirsi t torpo 

ruiilu1:1 iits *t f"ile.. ( fiel itrilete thinio ifelto d Ofil. 71se timre.9 I e'ffert runmIse'i qti-wimel Immaiit th atr ai 

Mailer wh ,v.eo rhav w jnelet sere ei iipe th-.idwomheg d -smetet. ~elda~v; 12ptni pjertiemeitoai tmnwios.ar -!- RoamAll 

$mpininii alti iet(It.liehrm'ia'qhlitY (imetit-e.Sser ien'elietms riently irat thyervUeltrily ats.. e. mmli. 

wwIme lerlelatje ita ancj'tie. hi~ehe hve'irmeit" Arr larkng' 11rrnte.u (faeetdrrw OinnO oit seemawdimmwf 

v.lb 

Timo .ealerifitt :eni cimf.. .elimwi"t a "olnnweuertieuaees eel aide. ime lorss 't'tcnle i'eeie~ wern h 

17tF 

~ ~ C9P:xv 

time Ixme~aieee ee the' clo-g anti tlme .etulIeiiite at high 

retruitiere thningh t1te applicritioer. eel lime elvtioneeiee' 4 wflwr p it, Ithe' air ii nst~ * n pesamts6 per' euitie Wu. D 

roe upsvemilge Neeuils. Time the...* aniee nakekj' pttl je time d~iame'ter eetl w pr.jvtwile ite kit. wal 1, 6 its. 

sn c-Aimuf ion n( th 11 ffw'',e eel vnryin~g stprie lengibai. ve'loa~tv in feet imer Persv.m'e1m Time ienswuieeal car&mS 

TrngLE 1. Itotainuneue t ý itee..f Ill'.t Hn 1 fe, lfa..'.. it:e4e . U.-u ifa ;i'.nlpt feare46mg t,,r nraib "ilgs 

34U0 4.710 12 1.4= 22 4.Ie"a 3t 3.100I 0 

2A 730 13 3.470 25 31210 3S 2411111 411 

3.1W 2,730 lB 2.310 30 2Z27 43 2*40 3 

2.m3 1,780 21 IA.70 32 l,50 12 14n 

'nibe stnajesiA eed t he n',aelIIl" u eli ri s oin x it es I I * v pinupli. ri,'nt K" i"e. heir an v ome' prnje'rtile. a (teneltinm d tithe5 

firtl It* the sle'vr'l-Tep nt oft a phcctecniphic mc'thi eel aeh-dt 'v owr. nmcr' art-imurerl *. ofelhtime ioi V' ea, It eg, 

I raje't-o '~ yW di'trninat i-in.i Fitneliv. 1w li'fe'r ef e o tvnr- (1, nie 11ile vcwt al eeC .e ciii . fit the snepe'vreitie. ranm. 

e~t dt400 e fe',Ige eIlr".. lee'leei'nr ImuftoImiisli In' Y.r'.vnmetir K#,i, ietecenet§l teee'r':tsoe -ideually friomirminximntm is 

hiringo"rre i-me'Init vith thei rimlt~erntiom 'I .UeeIfreir' fice e;leleewleieiteittol 4 l.. ve'tit.al it( emonist.Figniw'I 

nit cc 1Y, iva 1uien1eu.. I.S"v~steieztalit electi areiSA 

lI'nwing ( tmndie. H11inte". 

While~ 3 ~ 111-4 ~ Mhpr-vc-lval ~ c-t 'uf-141 vi lce'oei't ae'hel eiilq'r 1011 31111 ecrtraimstaR.Sti in 

'~y'~l ~ ~*~f~.v.' *~ ~ thaut tigi i6e not lik'lY ite r.':mw mureh emrn.! 1umm 

t'u~~~gi~e..Ll time rtojuc lice' flrnix tee time kinetic i'ncrg dt the. flow 

CONFIDYNTIAL as 

w

161 5'\TIUte'IM %14,4ICA ii's III 111 IYrnj~n~ 

--- in whirh for a givCn Planhar,! projectie shape, AV) 

i :,kfiniie functiun f I ia vt.Swity (ur, mom erelcly, 

of 1 the fid'ch numler, '/*,), and C. the ballistic Co- 

• c t.,,t, i' defined by 

~~ €- swi,,., 

"weremm his the m. of the pI.ctile OW i is the 

"(0u0n factr"" -- numXer u,Aaly dose to I that 

a1.c1 far tUsI deviatiue of tih actua1 projectil 

to 11A 3al .3A 

sa I froa the standArd one to which P striedy ap. 

pe toIn e,, Wie, (3 and wb,4uecnt equatione based 

Mitepl vildiajlc Da m. s I 

%asteed o( in frt, as in equation (I). Fur rmaim that 

Form-s . T, Jr, 6 ~.. 4 64,o/a K .b ftP"+"16, ef d 

tIrGs, (The. bese0 ,l..el.,M F'ig-W I .,i IIh1lie Iheam,d.u)_mes 

epa 4,A sesPuvs 

am short eneeh for tlie curvature of !be trajectory 

to be ikgkvtttl, equlation (2) kleds to 

re 

jieik. msqmWstly is tmavelinc over a given Mnon.r 

a psueetile. of lbýTr .,&wieytrs4 sel nsn s' r l rOlon 

- , (4Is" 

kimtic eve.W, but a greater PMrpurtion of its original 

,inctie energy asucomparmd with the nmun projetio where tIlm projectile velocity fals from U. to U in 

.LI a lower but still mspers.ni vlur-ity. his effect is truavtereng a distance R in a time L Now, owen the 

a in Table I. which Aiuwa IIf. nrmaining vecdrity hype1ve'locity range, the function F(U) Is vey 

(MY) md thsuee'm'aaw of the kiietwe emerLy that %m-A.h," partlybecaweitestnainedbyce.t-apolabeo 

been fas (EL) in a typal1 emw, flr vi-sOts nw*- ties, and eon he appromimatedmclkicntly wel. b the 

de velocities and rxep. The tahle has bern com- linear expremaso 

puted for a projertileb u( tvyp Gs andballistic e- & 

.ient 1.0 wh- fired horiswutally. ,(U) - AU + B, (S) 

AS Range and rilut of 

tatHge 

whem A sad 1 am muitahly chosen constants, easily 

&ermined graphically. Fure.ample. it has been cal- 

eulated that in the range 3A0;S U S 6.000, i9 

Plight at lullA Speeda* Ae0.01 and B - 0.0123, the eiro is les than 

Itypenvelocity has a furt.er ad uantneo to the ex- one-third percent. Here the projectile is a( type GC. 

tedor ballistician, in that t permits simplification oa and the velocity is meaxured in feet per oseond. In a 

computations, particularly o'er ranges short enough %ider velocity range, 2,400 : A M,0I0, it A - 

for the curvature of tCe tnajectory to lie neglected (us 0.00009 and B - 0.06, the error is less than 2 per 

is usually the case with hyperveloeity projectile* in cent.43 Tlc subititutiono(AU + C'for F(U) inequapractice). 

U correction factors for variations mi sir lions (4)er.nbles the integration tot carried out esdensity 

and air velority are omitted, the retardation 

(- dtl.dl) prodhiecd by the drag of the projectile can 

plicitly. Thus 

be expremd"byI ation (21, c. (CF$ + 1.4 

..... . . . (r'CO + B/.)) 

t CIO (iseconds) Vn(I L(~ '* B 14) M 

b Th G. vliwd .4 wierfile is e6hrefi.I hm anryl;mirl 

hL..e aneoJ b ., f.. (radiee,. .r,"n.a,4're:; to 10 AId~t).r. 

Ii th'.ge eM,4mhn lintig-h pmne-thf fele. 

•Ika.e~i o. a '.imwnqrn.Iem, .. m,/vilhlk C",r g'vecrei driela- 

and the relation letwmen 9 and R can he ohtained. 

Equations (6) and (7) a to euable C to be determined 

twa.I, fn'elC. IV. t h.k.I K I". Itrrzhbhl,.C.lth.e t;'iviv-.e-tw, 

to the U."I Lhs-.,k , 1, DItC, pRj12. $l- ea pli7-1. 67-75.,( 

J fuet, (tw, 

IJ~l,h,,t I. 

I-pYnj-ir1e iW harset.4ndI b I q1 * OW 

ft-ey (r4,l ,4tev.itiore: 2 enibe). It waiseo 

NDRC ltcpL,, A-23k-. . he 1rh1" AmA at Give. 

CONFI DENTIAL

U tf .4,1" leoan emeore'a 

'v~~i~I no See unj~ am missrgoo m 

SNOWtehere~ 

Theet4fmi-t dn-plaoeng a esimmiaetl poreeimlflm Iet laerw Ne. ~ 

1111,? 

wir naq".UidW r.e 1 e4. tow tieeeem. "am tI..iem. or"' q~ 

?Ww em's..-t(111fi-. eTor - w % 

mole,.II ll* relliiq.ee 111140. a "ellear~teimm lor-Im-4-M On rl1e1 11 Ih.fee e.$.4.~ loroweori foal-ui~r e.u Earimer 

co c 1 S th1 taw in amwer-iiirmetifesml.io, aeebewmudw 4 min"" 

olmlorms theo. -4oe-rie le I n4mv lo feeliar .4o.iomifiiimr Imege'r. 

lilsh. owli f9w- .11eiewrilot 2 ,,Jem fee ginW towa de (B1iell". 

91.2.1 

~i~luee&eIue.1Isn 

ahae 

As-be hhimv. Owa mn~ ionsze eel Owe otoeermfilotow m,* .. 

fils' wmill lmo it le-A-. Aj 1A, farme'. flee n-fal~latiaj.eineeli' er 

Pjwemeir" 

"asse 11WA#.eewemliiW~ ptewjeseuille.. MWUy let GH111 

(uil-e.liiw" pimi-iele~fb. The.. e4(eit-c is we'Itete' itr a coo of~ I toegoinjre nwhue&. TW^mrmil.noemeis.a 60au 

the. fm't that. int loormef m, f~ltienejefl'.ew. , 9 lalm.*ieil*'. initial vewt leat a momerfs" fai~leheloi.axbo eees4 

(..e.mS.lmeee~w~te..elwmiirmerejertle~ee ierum. eawl, "WrmeweeW, ltuueteeaf eiabe& to Wis 

two ..Ieeetow es proupertaee. wlies,% wmewb. ise a Wtbv Pw""" me"mar Istovotntime. &w ASpemim jowlm i 

heueuimg at bo mom awl; an - me.5g~ use in' t pr VAeee 111.2. Ammeluer i me f~ewt them st 

Asoloor. he awl (We oaelmfleelf. wh~irls 'meil ow beamemleoweil. 

To lirvtlpetgfis hsw far tbiso e~rfe' "MY Nov .4. the 

solvaimtaler Idl the highmor virmitYef .41( t. OuIslouwye 

pemegurtee. eeeleieimlsewm. haea- In"e ex.rrieme loti few the.L 

lead laview oWrae. ~ inarm-lo, theat eto flee eelmod.gww. 

4~nrl1 ((5I 

PIWEIMMES 

jcrletahe iereoeeeit in (lupte~r 2t. booat hie the. kimin'wrC,.dn, 

.nei~ ade' ofi W walo a.. eamloefl. I-e"Iq t!". nwqe-teul jell 

41se.-meihueel. at Lis. Iwoe.m .6peou 0 ~ that ter .hoatf rapiers 11wrmopto -awes d..alsolfvilhY64-m lwastersdcu 

the' ratio elte fie, ti eemil, -if Rit 0, mand 4 few a typ"a pn*44~-fiii... "~epreeiarl 

eamwet 1 wne~tk.meall a feeli-calilsov Poreestij-ie. ~mr. "W- Imefealmlleuno aevwmet lilmepn..iwI -4c 

v~~epegea1e..TWsfioW~ 

mrnitmuehe 

fivriiv. ipappru.miaeaidy leeeer lev e-Itteuieied eete, su~a - I eeee e'tafeagimess invuloovl. 

In 1 1erm. a nuiiseatt porrow4ew in' 04 Aesm *A 

isa mll" 

A-Ce In Ic FTUj - Be'I orj.l VA ()1 Pusafl M1441Yin. OWe Ifin'ehisom ld i1% teitmmahls bM WI 

~ £51.l[(,i~fr~i~A~/.lin las eistrllatiear war: anot it 6. ;mvPeah ohml the 

yaw ..lee4eie 1We olunsowl eown. eor mlo Irsod emo adin 

At i.e tl' rmapir,. ae etl V, am' flee. messaule1e11 ewm' Tin. mlei ,themqeeelml to e ln'etah. 

% Awkittee- eel Owlee fiio awl~ee5 ee~I . .1mel Af am. a.. it* In tIme fir-i njanortnes. ffi e. efeui-mom mayhr vIn'..nelI. 

(.eempfiali- t.p. Irnun e-,eeafo me, Ow tie"o flietme' el ifh eIIel Imire -ieeii onfganle tfor emw~wrn eieee4 efut."I 

2 r4 7.-4lem .. eie1wej'rte'me a 7Xinm' feel, air rsuee4.aeele'and toogu..fa Jbwofpartiteed 

1-aiiorv pweejcrtth' frIte. froremf lie -..eemin gmvp eIe. i a Ila fle.taiertew.r P.. tiue tln' n-tanialem dflee e Preejew 

es..ing C. - 2 f. Ce - 2. 6, 1-, s 2,41iA fiaso. atiel Vt - sit m.'iniaet e latn th Isnw. d 6"P~'e th roluiv- 

TW.'O Ils. ai"# tam a -ieglee fern.. j, u Iii.Io ran In' vawie into 

It wmill Imr .eai that.til elt tee ranave e4l5.1111) ft. litheenmeeetl.fI the. m~aiIIrO olfrag.Jmle AWmKathe 

filter III 1ileat -f eeltwe .eee-feje iee sa ilort aleeeeet maa.. 11teefl josueraqweflie. riel (21 a (eatavq Llsoremvemooalru'ee 

thnle~~r 1'e ivr.e 110ee 1e slowe Imee 11411 4ile 1e the eeeI'e.eeNel feethe.416 mu,.tien le fhivnuah a pa-mim P em Arn Sxk 

OINVIDENTI %L

-- .-.--. ~~o t-- t o-+--H*qi-. l-I .vo -N 

- ~ ~ ~ 4 Ihsuasastow~u 1~ae qolav ....a-plv . . iNwav." 4amr in~ ev" a 1 

4)~df am1 b..ausewnla.l fluni xha.flhI8floa ait.am Modthe 

-a-4" -- I wy (a.loroo 1u4.saw. lu r h.glm-.. 4 N the renu'wr 

awl r iso a Inor~snofei float is aneharl rwaauianW. 1l~is 

Fp.a4 sao -ass~~s W,0-.a -41.1 fiwýa flow a4aluapia~nuw rog e Jim- th abwnlad W4 OWa fIW MAW 4the 

- (,PO&. 4 nuapa "uni 5avous Tar I.. 8I as.4 obY!,5 

ra loa ir rtaaat of ganr-sioaawp Fiviru 311W . Vow pia. 

s~aw~aaaIiw'a~s~h-a.liar a-wrwrt adf liosmaa 

fnlai1 .441w coldraats~ puvily GJ. 

P 6 is.e 

Tb. lasolloiat leagaing Ia.ats hlumther b proajwsipihah 

11w. M - I.!A :-go. whew # sawl k amlw 4h aisa. 

tAnn's. 4in a-aiwaasl Ia-sn flap Iw.. .1 lta tarn resole"ayi 

gratutv and pmooommn. It OPa- iv14T. Ond I) in Ilav.iaI. 

a~w softhepmn. 

Ils it I"Waa that I. sat keI am. arady jghpsh.an P 

AdiOr yaw a* wmosmmal in ra'Ilialass. pnwhu 6W ha 6So 

Whewr a ran.so law the wnfeaw. Itr mWznls'I &,a,aqssaai.___ 

T1W .4atiuilva1 it.r' thm th o > 1. 

skew a. I u ah& v Ifirtsw. its al4ar Ik1wv 

411, 4 . 011s 

in Wisich .1 i. tloo axiail sawaMa .4 kinritis u.411 pa-a.. 

jwtdv. 8 6 as Intia. al d iwrrtu almada trIn, ta-am 

2%y uie thr-4da, chr r ta'aadga-uvilv. ans Nas6 O1w 

sa" 4sin .d el,. pnugavtal.trn aal mlaaus Irsyui.If 

the r-noaliteain that O1W 4laluilkt fart.,its a 440AMda 

Oent.', than WuAdY a6.0"..ls&'. o1kv RUash.. sa the vmaw 

off thr Pnr-& sors. R - (now Irsa hr emil.r oaf gruvit 

miii Isa' cj)jrlalirj Faa (took t.aallvi..islla., 4"Pss. 

in Figsaw 3. the, masasan isa th~st #d a santapia .~iaryra.. 

% 11irha 6 11. l 13 Intl. r4na lo 

akianl It V *AC sjaaata-aI 

a.v at uils ltrloosI lass 6%"1 

Ii,.. r ~a d 'Ali16hada * f"t 

stuoilosantly. as. illow"ICNI in Filmr 4A.% 

ga-s Silgailit% Um14er %etua~l Coul4itiHngs 

If no.. thNim.la Ma-41.. .4 Ike air nW;&ekaar aga. al. 

Tlooasef-Wonowf a vasjinl& Nou wres. ("o I s.. righ sd~al ily fa ir that 

N'ia--a In- fssra- s .. isl -0saaplr' IM--4- .-.ais- :111 Ivy thp. *~~a. s ~~aa. -ual-~-t 

CONFIENTIA 

.4'" .4 ~r W4"af- 'M"witto

""?twr.i i 144tt.r 6. -laYii I., Iru aem.,.w njcr~ * 

alive. I" ohm@te %as cup am -f.i~l.1 i 04 11 o. rvqg if 

I.-11 V~h~mwiif to(-Wrbmiivrromewpilmg,4gbj.yaw 

pLann toil S 

Wi 

A I LN ' 

;r X& 

- j-2(Ka. - 2Kr) (oi 

mom.-1 Sol 0 thr. fsuwai-h. awul Xa. K 0. A '. Kr. mum 

rmnasa~ismAnna~~h.r.4i~ al l en-rkr nowsm: 

F~Aquatism 4111 im ,maw frrv~iriiv than1h rei. mfitisi - 

a > 1. Ii. fm4afr1.i"ea irnA,Jvl on- 4iM.,im lot vwa 

ow: Oluu. ug..gmib.. ImaAumigmturvanaavelab. a a"s.u 

h., mat bwoP.2 low psmmjrrtibipa .4 nvelmsmaiummf itu S 

th yw m tu hr ompml ~as al. mawl olsmimblpn4ieramIly 

b mat bwoI~ 1.., Orapimi .Iampi.s. n.-mmrlv a phnink. 

mv d I6db ,iiirY -In - to 4*A40N mM . im iit eial 

sam bp e & go.. am ovnmm. f6ew low no.IW b mW %A 

Jervin.. Pg.. nurt.. thm. fmk f-w a in h6rmo; asW 

awy Nas PWP-qii- -or P-41-k I- ;mmApae. Ad VW- 36 T6 ~904d 9 A~.iW -II~i" i 4 

pwma4 o~u'w.. ~ Ow S T. 

a.ee.. gdd~h.ISwJ.~. uq'tel mCa.Tha 

*' seabmftv 0ve I.,. %WA of .dw ~ ~Si. -. 

r'aersg" rom tmL~r 1144"n thr 0*.V cIN. lrajmn~7 "rat 

(M awl i 12t.. a h.triocbs. a"W. 3 tri.,.rrtur. Th5u*sif 

be tWW~al#' w #4m~k 52'. ~ im a," 42'. ap iitwwmewm amw. cit Urajll I a Ta. 

*FIst- -24vw a. 

.mduu *W due1 thtU"~ ga #31mtml Pro 

K~~eaeu, Ijv6q 12'r tbva umiaI. A pneh"ik- fI~rrv into 

th' ek fIrmilr. Cthrm ,4issiem. mail I) giw. r-oldevImy 6v*m.-w erg..r t-u-ro air than danmmuAa sS hamt a 

the' p'wtv ir. 13w dimm-im.m" h41iip-awon sK vawl 6 rs" smamfifi n.44mq. sm! bg w~ i .a mulp As-. 

- - ~liewsh. T.. sN~m fir iba. mum! to pnwmurh a msm,'gm #4 

.Po.-G.a.a, i--.- if Il*,.eI -- I - t 11 4l.1-lilelit vad... .. Igm1"101wirh.am. tr%4#l 

'TI- -Pu"bai W '--A PW4-4- k-a K- 994 Sta'JIlj% 1as %&et'Ml 

%1,' -" ,w 31 -. As- -d-4 wo.Ahi~ &u .VAN. 

( i 

-4 (A+bvi wM-,m.hgI 

+ .1I0l.~T awwm.0 

(MVIDETO %1

*'%L INM~AL V'AN 

IIthe.w initial VOW Cae-!e &IN- kVJ14 e,4V 1tl. a 

ivabar eel a Okay ee upol w ~4:e*ei if Ilw you towroo..-at 

.110lealIl. Nli~,t *aiie% ý41lai- in tlw lIs VaIMaM44.ity rnuw 

111:110a Mat tla"Imirl esiioluk- v'aoisftilo. 'iMe twne timit a 

X i,, enr i..ee-. ofp+ il~e 1,o Iiitdwt4- Pouaolity facwiiw at hyfosq. 

VA. 4 

.we IIWe 411 ..nisa&16CI as isws sa16I . lWseNha, 

Cist. flor uwaemi poo d a lu6-2 thw traje-,.ea.v 1,14VvIs-. itI tleit In lirrvea.Isit v ha,- top wo'iw Mt-ies a 4~uallEigr 

lti i1:201111lhg '11 tho' yaw tov-6m' it n-iurlee" an oe;6al111! 40MeJ.' Il1401MIT'. 11-iiitll .3,V.te-1141ir P%1wrinwritttI 

lorpor Va.ete.. 1iii' vs 41--616 r.41tjina :iiilope e Maet iiifelaimWlvherlwefj-tihm 

1 Cloapqeid- 29 amiul is e.~r"anerav..Iimi 

laa;Inei 

Jare cking in tie. hqtv e~v ramege-. th"'eeu,- 

iaa-atu3se (nAleital Un. 44-211 with in Ste-tic 

tns1imi 'siih week- notatineg liveeielvi t**4wtiia. 27,31s N.4.I in#64-licae tial floiii a-reet is, oevinll at he'at. uAn 

Pillow le111h tvWit aro1 .iwt vo-rv Ilit I - yaw in thw e" u. noy lIe. n'vemea'l at till high" ra+e4tkiw. Thwai m fir-. 

ing Orton a e eft Ktiee i. tiw .ahirity falsvelftipub 

lltwi-rrin twnivi~o wih itrfiem airpiantao, 

Ila~eimrv'. a larp- iealnea.41el as *a vIw newehesl too Ityprrva'lea'ityla.ndva~wvna..n'iefe 

tvis,eeuh'the 1 yaw it( a Iwo.+-4rtila- tinwI fioe an air. it mwiseesti's fore'Motive. irnpeeat:lna'e of the %vaxeity of 

IAWm.3i. t I uhaw fthe- niny Ivr a largep'f'-t i '..l tai41 Ilse- zuirplano. Fier va~linlpla. Aleenleling V werielt hahevi 

Ivy ht-opl 'sinai unit evroe.esin remsiema'ql. tim e' 'ffeeto c'isnti.Ale'nel iII t114 pee-e-wing pulesiat'ttmee. 

Finas.IhesaI. 7hew he'ael-n inal a'ffa'vomisa alielite' its Saamaaau. Tis mintm isp., an at"'ePtahlvi valortw a the 

af it" wooiee whirmtwthliwrivoA anight ahewna*. fie, thun PtAWfltvfae.~ritsinmt-sral1.3. Ionit nre he kroaer i 

tew initial VeAs-t y n'l:.Iiv' tlot lee' :1jr jis jgn':-a'el (note liii initial yaw ip kelpf ve- nveanl. cor if the. prueki~eir 

C to V + W twhrwe. or i-- the. ve-laeeity iel tix plattersi winte tooawieeiaa'l tintder ceeeillitieaeevid high air ieq~t, 

uithmntaa rwPeettwatingin wain 1wloi~n. X. ripen ana. it hoodoill Iw' Iihati~herW fi-lenj'eomiti1Pitoh Ix ied 

e44gesaiaamee 4101 anal 112. the- Vale,. id 4 ne-met lee. ie-adlti niren ana:irplzia'. ticmaiagh thitsen tladceart iss lav is .- ife 

Pfile. h~r V WU + r)-' In a n',weioraatie yenw..v taint for ke-Iwe.&aity pfeij~bolt 

thr onsijerile, is,(m flroome lie e-st.mis 4. *1' w' 

fOtann Saft 

Firiau lawnessi. linu' onse_%intl elaeint I. a, it.. weast, 

.~ wieale~a~. he Tw~wejae~iieill the-n have-au 

Fevoma celiiatiaeis. (l10t and l 1212, 

ii lyaid approvuunnaalvwt~eie...nltre - ~ A o 

Motun tlemw van ee aplooredmnate-ly a I r T = 'eA.1141h-)P 

Inlather uoo-a jaeeW rite-e. %%jighis - 1.S. thw a'nw 6e almsat 716je ePipeeowitaia make". ,uln-iosti seimvral gunerm 

1 2 ele w i '. st lia'h 6e tonola'-ji~lol la'rg. An inawra-ain nortimeP6i4 tea' nueshuing dwtlt~aeog 4d to go-autii 

a me k-life. a. thio pe'.aint. tee inhraewie'r d otue-cip.. liae'a1lonpree He'i' so as* lte jna'tyeee. its. voatility. 

keg ii tha yaw. lti a.u,-vi elI'v.a-s tiP.' first ia~ieni~nt I. The' twist of the' riling in th' Kna ti e tio is. 

raw, lNet aunivelightly., Tipe' wav Ill whichl 1gui.. alunep. cme-apoi, 1t'i. Iiin -me-rese.a vefy eflfaectivelty (thy nefraa. 

ileg lit"Is'n e0 a iee ~ive'e lov capeattean t 131.09 ig X). lout wax. %irtuall * r'ia'leilm'l alearing WoMl War 

1 11 Iv the. gret ale-%lrahivlity eel tm'aining ataonelard 

it -2 vis 

113) gwnoe. a ermeiank'raiaa, that niotht otill have. weight in 

'shineo 6 flow'iuav vow. it winitial yvw 

ie.p M.Iih 

tame', Iiaveri.l, 0 the.airalo-n-4iev.uta a aa'In tile 

"-ferlaantig e-,*,4vet-it- anal a' - IF:K, 21. - low. 

Ils. te, fistu' with ne-w gsrn. Ai lath 'ala ke. ad ing stuaine 

areJ pa'njeieile..... 

1Ti~ree'iae:mlor'hoetan4-noIlwmbir'inwln asop 

in Xt.'11. lhie Iva' ther oIlrswleae'k eel ev'scngthe' 

Thea. cttiaaiii" 6e leass"l s44 f11w I-PeM~mpifese thas Oii 

ehoMpitegreea.40. th-Seee..~e em.dlgean'r Ill 

ljeallieic tw vut-itie t ele'fint-dq by e~iieeletien (3). 

'I. 11 lte. ie'ly eel dw Prejtivide can lIx- ineteamwL 

Theaee 4 .iiieotaeter' V;Jhe'. of t16. -Coooi~evel f.',eteee (ej' 

a tismeerelip.te Its- fin -l Iru in sieesieens. iA. leati 11. 

AD'J'e' 04 II,11aml.41-d. rinatllV-. vow me; or tives~ain' 

m-:%a..e~ 'lmiee 6 i~e li, etah :entaer that the incevt's- 

1se6 -avsIAae tee l-ee ha,* I.,.. eel ,1ie1lo' ta'lqwity. 

4. A caa,,prnaivi- te*,-,eam ee I$( -tr''hii ttol 

ie~te tie' *46-ot ee h% lu-.n-Le-ioY a- -ew-h edo -I~ovielgg V. 

A0. Iigoeae 5 -aet'4. ike-iestasieme. an' tOut Ko 

6ee.ele Iuhan-te tie gereej4-itiia ran leep Invrot a rotor 

oel deems..'4 nviawenal, ... aab; toieng'ta'mi e-ietvski.. hix had

the iI:mkf3111l0. floamt fIill 11implmlifumn romilali filail it a (.or ill Off- nitiiiil :1 ;jIujIjtus "ill rhattv V, itall a l9ittl, 

AMWW l "ntrIalu~'itim can I.. ..i6lmile. ..envorit 64014-ft It - tlu 11- 44uWt inmml- IM-Phmrr df for powa 

.1. at now is mm,.imI itmssniv (irct msmwtno v Ivi.w.. ow om", im~iw:h it Ws ill ..Ifa.' iuma #flw I anpe~ OfrbfPfin. f:-T 

too tow- inst.. ".11 1tW~q . Sthat ks it ih-n~s(4-11 lpr ev- int flor~ nn0,&wr nmano tos mo ir leamflea thin s 

anal we iisftrittw a %iifatlem afflmui"n 114 tlcs*Ii.Iisia r-n 4i Itsi 41 mlei :ioli;tfi~wI ilomt I rim too 23 per f ow..ft 7113111 

449 1 timlt. . I..V iii 11inIiinr111Atoai V1091 t.1-V. anti rmpaasiiae (18) 

41. Imnaliv. fine, ow tail '.amrfirmw~ "sto v him for ia fhi naveio mnr Wlmip9m nviuvi-qil Ii~. iaminwuistiistely 

Abm 60ot- .4M poiwmaw a-oull"'- 1116 lisa- 1a-inky i u.t. ika 

msiw..'taflvMA salad Iiil o4MIoilm. talm fii' flos-fimrails-w 

Ito #mem miff-.. 

tylio 1w firml (a~f~ 'Wtpna4o Imi rim. maali-11,~ after ioln rim*wvave ntal t initiafl yaw,8 Ft ahr 

0146 prosmtilop wih tunptv iralnianir ro" It sxvi 

n~~er Ito flrl o finnlde roiret~ilp l'na-mfistilpforinitn fhoifro omi sinkr lisa- 8.3.3nn. thp lentilstk ilorame I. S,~ 

lmlw aIm.ipIa Iyt s nl 4 

1, t aftmm.pr (jiumi i .sbi.- ui. arA rd a v iir uhinestip hnva. ,rn inimtill further. Finhad. 

Out mulitatrijill iss aagfivaa-m Its flo siroh-uIilmea foii-ie mm...-. towt etmin wha'o rnnrenrntmh itmddoe utmaithe 

nFross vhm~vitioast 4 101 aw l e.1121 . miraim aitnirm jo teotii .aamR. in 4vw huanTaani I -rleia 

Fus l~ apswii.., sm)aLma- Iw ib-Afaltil shWMan at Talil 2B."Md 

and attn the eansrvvatiain of anviarb mwumtntss hamw fit 

ishotri that AlY4 - AY. (if frietaienuI IQ"a am, fa1 yre4 "W f"w. "Wool sy hhammmdeuw 

Wailly(nn 9..) wt ifaa-O 

the taniterd. aeclcetd). thiiscn he~ wit ntes 

tom Thmmmstotherve is ni dliffif-tiltv in miditaining soul&-jent 

.\Q-, Ndl'. - Xta-dt,. both hu~ng determnined bYkr ni--afmai'rla~rarliisi mfijtt 

the Pitch Of filling Of91 fiesmn. Further, if boh Pro. 

jatik have the maw density, 4.A, -o~. DB-'I - 

Stshility of S. bas.l'roje&.iesa-0 

(.4s'fAs'v Am owfim,. ime la-Kin Ii * rimnipinsmn th. .stuliulity 

as 4fnandai (mill rMziihma- prrkj-aile anda a 

~ ,J)T./\.b1toiir mtol 

Ar" wileIN< . I, k. li faito #t he2 tim r,'fir tin. tlip. Nila-lontimilejh ana the- I'ilI-enliber 

,iuht trawl U)m "rel. Floo ma..:mmom. in thme 5,7 411-tmm pimt-.t-iatv.I, 441at'agmnims 05) tan (17) 

,Im-fmmnL-shlol 

are 

profirortik' ol ei lo--aa-i in ý4-vtiif :11112. i:jtiipwi i. utmns'ta m in ie h a a-n. 

A.Af.1 - I.-M.5 /A, A - 10 V5. Iffferu, no ' - OM fit k' 11i41 )t,: thanl ',.1, - AI~ ./A' -I, m InS 

liver thm olf-f-iisamlsle- 1 prisjvo-f-ila- wistihlt )a- " rintn '~ v am i tit piwt 4- i-nsa.. Xi 1', X .V,,, himh hieing aioiah 

- 25o , tfile fmill-Iia-rlh- prmmjuwiI.. ruvam-p that fm-ic Itio 2w q.n. M.". of~ .~lihem r tiorn is, tlia likia-h of 

timimtwa Im-w-f. h~ave liii-..o f-miti malde-itvii. 'lim- (nmtiriowstlt.a mifiinlg. 11,-nmv 

CoN :lfl:TI 4L

WILT"NICA #t~.,~s, W rnr6*V.MVjW:V PswIsJctri.-ri 

- l~~~ipi~ura 6. %hlaacl staaw^ that tf~a loo ratie t am, is fart 

*flw.sP ea1!t aa laaIficit giv hia.%iiiii a itniat6 a(I rtiats. 

jawHilh' Wait al-do a4aa,.al-s'n., I.a IItIIts. f11w I -Al t I thut It 

Si 

£9 ~ ~ 

U 

L 

11u. auluu-puuujwsik*, ldiaig aapsintwias donato posmomb. 

I ims its flu-a3 7-taut, ran tut oil moved- fapuaua Ifa toabras faaflbiwa. 

I. .'allaaa ionmajer iia., aa( -8a40 .-itmailal Im.. awaaldaI tI. a 

faa..,, il.. Ponstrial~a :17-,,,, AP' pmajaaih- in Ilia-..,iu, 

-~~~ - ), 1 sm, 0 6.7; thaw. tim-. salwualwri ia* 211 lomn. 77m, pas. 

pwotiaansa ,f om1w priji-uliile san- Own., nAaaaaiI *AIk jUms 

l*siitl1P4simvl rwp halu list, asty61 pmi 

uisl Pllaatgar. Tim.aaazza nii a~tit velyinst a 61 ~ '~ hixfaa'r 

Ilia" licit a1lim1. "a aalldn~l. Ua114l timw.'aniust, Iloottrattirn, 

isjs uit" nm41 lay IN uwran.as 11wl. aalioiie t-Imftia-set it, 

Iaawaea than that 4,f Old .t~ua~n lapjidvtile; 6laaa, this 

issalmwaivenaent :aapptid.. #only~ tiisat P lifl5 ang'a. 

0.5 V ad a -lvi teha imataw frarnias~ atim PansaIani 37.aauai AP' proijeet-Ik. 

£~~l e/n /s thuat ismaa1i 14 t AII MT W preaapautissims art#lis 

4 

I'aaauaii. imN~W~w.an~awmt'a 1ftai 

lsaisa as fiarostaada~ri limajaivihtle fix- iaszisalk ialtawity 

tum. fawa-rolsbaa sAPT. miusA MW i.1hI02* 

w a 4. ~ slm.aq glassrdwb wtaia 

64 inrnswy It 1. lwlaws) ring ami till arnmur penaetaa.l 

4 , vim.. iaaa~a lomajsaaaha .n.t. 

a.. M6 el. .iaMInL no faaawa6ofs.ofm.d IJI,. 1),a. IA. a 

laimit Ila SO) Ir auea,. Vaalmifinnawr. 1wIwar lia.Iimsc CarfIO& 

-4autnI fileha Pialkaw no slut iat61 ftwawldailtl praidjrtila., Pit 

m~~jal a~aUmum6a dil .tIs iafria, 

oi DR4 iI~t6tlalseo A4tULl 

Iomamiast till% 61w. misaruiamn isa Slam ad ilti~t. nitnt tiw gasin Ia 

vasiaitr anal arinqaa p ranuwAo* apply shrunglia-* ther 

If th 4ew .knji.a tio rts tlwiddinta. Ilse nfitalshimaalaat ad( 

tnsaju'atWa. If ftaaaaguasa rarlaiah. is, assal nx-n-ly in the 

Goardisa t aaa. ri tav iw' asalta. sana ,sutaernwlitite. 

stal.ility is,,pams' a -"4'fr Iinltittiaan ail the n-uhmaa~ti4M 

Da, I),.*ptiaisrla a iinaweav a.taeih, tentl 1as, 

ha~veappnrrvnlala. mital ~flwa. stlm 1 Iada ajwaaolahavis' 6- IOT1ON OFh %. SIAM(ITLIA V 'aWING 

istaslmiity f~aa tam. 4ad atis4 ln ... 'Ilaixaaliffeailtya~ cull UItN :ost : I'l AT St 5 1;I1S'NIC SPlEFDSh 

aaa'werriw, in piart lay rhiumwitia a ,tuadarlaI piinaarfill' LUIlLwlzto 

with a Ihioh stalaility ftria' ta n fair a naaalai, aall ha* in. 

rrs"Aaing the ah'nossty. A Inanb-t thiwsmtijaal ahtaeuritainat.4vi ad( t1e effeavto 

Ilse validiyaljs adeagsatjum62' s 6 , a2 tnxifiw'voay 1 aaw mw pnutaaawwI aspaas, the- ltirIat aoa lindjerfiis hy vaaw wass 

firiu,Va ad 7.) 17 mmainsand 75,10,,, lo mns jtle 

whilrti. hsw.ra'. the iiailwaMlhaar gpraijatileids 

its, rrriv~il aosat isa a ea.-e Whaila1, .hsill. naia'l'saaaýly weal'~. 

amasamioply inlat, ois afiavie',tlY adurjss'uaritaaaity ilaIs e itastsflal. Thlia 

a slajialaril proijerlike a1( laiwer ealilues'. salal thitoadisoe. is the. rarA,a its whiclia-ash pritaon-tik'- 1wj a clinical heami. 

naut ("Komig, fato asplintuism nitsuIts. 11w thwaaory deata'rniinwo with r"wctawist~ the air Now 

Taa dpia'rp uw lbsdp"~Itailitia's e 

dausna' taatt. rsaaahdaltonsa 

weirtinihsrnaasakra"a top ahafertina' ttw' Iaa-st 

paist file clsinical hieiad. an~il tlm ia' ason.'. i the heusi. It 

swn Oauw-aw run Ia' ahatIia41 tI Kivi gies(tiaiaati-m at( the brfan da'a s 

prfieti'st itt lid- ha isas in Itial- .1'!nqsl rjannia. lair 'alaasf- dw via. raism n aaaaata.al-adedl rn 

rainast ha'. WhileTa the re,'aalto 

prlmniart irst nude ad (Itsta' 0 I aa s4141" 12l5 aeisag'5avs aarttbi-. Jialia# tat ap, p I, vactY Iit taut 1w.a aiv:l-liaads tel Iprass'ti ! 

tfaar, which, . )q., iia nearly, 22. fit sahnarsa.m. I1 heyalsim' Id aa.a-al illMn -it tlma-y itioliaata' tlac Iy in wlaiah thit 

11W Aaal~isuE4ia1Wt rat iaa A.) I) was al11a*a-an 6., Kiya' 6 1a' 11a11111aaaa1 vix-flirivil6 :al 614 laol.. thar -tabaility) ad(an 

xraul wt :anaaawgoaw iofa.tailat flat 1 sistit-latnk rzauan*aa- tnt 

sA.taill ,, ifa a Aa~tahil y faoso aird satla~ IA.S1 ilaaa 1i". 

stalailite f~artlar 1a1 61w. SHIA 'aaaWaa ,aliss i.gaa 

;arat skt w--jat its vana 6. a'\Ixvsrat- Ias vary with; Vizarinst 

a .- a. Idlg 'a, 1. aisaaI veiltawitia's. *[tuav al's puyve the way 

as'aI.al-alas .Al1 a:ala aa1at.6le aqtiI' at dps 

than I % 2-61.71 in ria.-v 1.n la'sso, th Oan !jin ra,.a 

(21. 'nod. alaalysia. taaais tam th1s. ra,.aalts aexhiloit(Ah ian 

5 

T1ai .,"Nt a -I M. X.,,. 11114 M-1.01ta A..1Aaia 

CONFID NTI U

VORI1*% OW ll 1Q1.11;OWMVt 11"11,46 OhU Ia 

Atn isnpowft:..m f,-,t,,n. op4 t11r fl..w .4( Oir milatlreP t1r 

flu tIvirtimqs-i~lr tist lit it i.~~el1.smaeht 

lwhgI-P660 "41 l'yollilmtfri Asslse 11W. axis, atrimv~ittain 

.4( elist- lmia+-Hila. tim. :air velcorntv nw..pmrametu. 

so the Fit Wvas I mall d A&mir 

bnwlc 

toI UfnV sor my thivoigla the tretfi. 71we fl.,w nratwe 

* 

-. 

t~s l~qtharI+rinal " nmt Imslr..4mln. itaratsily wtr pisr 

tun tftefrvlw v jolu~mialK 'flUI.*a that thse 

Lata- u twnall 'aa ne..si m n b 

Ah4 tamSt- sttm flu- sim f q" hal 

Smd 

"8-- hgntave 

lwow. 46t~il rn Iin 6 . earltals hml8. M thla 

tat. 4.ai &-1w . slot~m the.4wrk 

"'44uitt 

angle 

A lt"4 imsui"' V ta~ in 4r..tlsh1, lives No with ft. 

* LUYaw Thean- 

If flu- pnlj..-tih. in flighte Tawas timmegis a Pima 

snafflel t. tlw- nmitwgl 4Jurk wave wilt alms y3w. aithsirnh 

Itheanaoh a difftrewa anglke S. It ran Ise pronel that it 

6 usiu.itivwio ,,nsillaml, that ist. it minitals; a vinrula, 

riagau? ,.. Ties, ph. - trw -0u sms by a 

Sks prp~ is"s. T1-a' ' rt t2 ti... 1110 

Walsh 1W ... mum ade .SAI tatia. It..e4 Alomiauy. 

Mat Aq' Ps~rowia ssg 

nram 4 saami-an*l O_. attmlW4 to the %V$40Z the11 

via"wa "tL Ogr'e lgturp &I The Nlow, ml~~e. 

oitlahwil nvlntivr too the pnoirntik.. 6. nso l..pry .rsysnrtriral 

lout cane rann aseil &"~ that the oew 6a 

astria~ly.anal that it .th a.aaDhatoew,3 

Th. mantluwmatjral pnilslalem ism .aisaplitiWa 11Y nisting ero tilraaglaI the Vewtic... 

time the air &lw in the neigdilalismail .4f ttrn nalical fnrpl ikpmk'.isa nw 4rstrufthroecaselvl&w da(& rff 

latvl ita the vouve so if ther rone wrw too ,,ctenel to i.s. lipreoaaulak itl.*.l Itao. 11wr lark .4 aoni al ylwnif pm. 

fIi.tr. Th6 is a. ratus at the sapereol cnsaisk-mi~l, tfr in atas Ow f..ll.wingrisrnaplietiamp:t I I thenmmanowekw. 

altcratiunse in this flaw that atm pieltmlul Is' aliteing itr poct-itial. taint ix., the flew io a nt lirmaeiatitall"; 

the lengh of theva permj.'ik- canfot -ratrla up'* tom the (2) the ventrpy ehange prialurerl by the Piawk molar. 

head. vanie. frism %tn'analine to sitteamline laeeausw .4t the 

sark ,dowmnwtry, tlint ha.. the Meow ia.. at %aemirin*p"; 

3.4.3 Nonyaw Theorr 

If the ewaftraWKtmelde projertils. twhmal mar fur the 

pot*art ptirpovaa. Ise rgnlpnW as an infinite rirrolar 

riorl hap "~ra Yaw, the mathetaatiral malhtition hasg 

hItsm knlown f4jr partow vr"tANIA" - A .%. ois-atmira 

Hirrals. a Asirk wave tmtr ailgsaheal.4o the arie ir the 

,.cmiantlh 4te iffia rm, lemstil lay P.. La noofats tan, arc 

a the- sapper-s limit locitngalmsesit . t ji4l.'V,'sevt :l II %in.. 

it r 1'.4f the rattle ig ,.amnewhal1t lror !hlan the vrlt.. 

itr .,4,a, 4aothe iw ta limit qlr.rltiw llica 111aim.0 if. ID. 

. 1.1 Ols-grrr. V a, lstanilal Iae ppaear than 1.2). the 

,Jaua4. waler is, :.ta~rsnisrl. arul i.tta he tluriral# tln. ;mm. 

iratik. atl thr e l.f. twrc Filtorn 7. 1114 .si1ai-angl.. .4 

Oar .vark-wavr nane p o"as q lay~tn 0- 

Vists 3. O Yow 

.6-k Wasa 

d I4~a.+wa Apim yaws S s4 vospir 

U)NVl l)KNTI AL

'd oit 

an atu M 3 1 blmItiwii -1roo I hrg efit n't" vamruinftjms, nid im l lmnt igmul oil 11itotj-ghm. I im. 'gmjmmmt immmt Whintlity' 

tiii rostal itsts mid l 1m' igw son- gmeali Ilsoig the Iti y I. (o ninmK i. g'mfM'aa- .4 em anol thme mm'ummm' 

app n'eiaul'm' at It m'v..Itrveu'ifieim. 

T'lw ssi.timomi :m.Iopt..mI ii.1m n'lr.in time Ngtu apliffer- 

4jetiin'n ig~t *ht the. tim... sitemrm jmnst tile' milmrk witre. 

wiusatt Imi' asjadiomsi tima. io.' j- (*6mrr v the PUiaing 

firm, the atuuimrw Mmmm a Ionf o a ggsmiail -pm'rt'trha'. ofn Owe mfirifi' hg',No~ maswt firo'm' .a" nt Air eurh air 

6ien.- Pi'mnih.4lo .4 the- ju'-titrluailimm, t'rnmi. arri wex. lousmr-lmml. n.!lmustKig it v'dri',. f'vnt'lt mrtirlim'e fti iricitti'I 

lowtml: thus aimn.,ntm tosmmo ngihogthaat *2tfmm' ouuarp co'm lwraitm' mo(I he v'ariamtiiin in etit rimlk. llIII~ twlujtilaws 

the yaw, monm'aismmml int noolmiano. ran for' tm'gmwmlvr. miwe ran he~ gn'ati' m'intpiamiviel ,4mmg'm' imiadoomi,' e'anbinatisim" 

tliat is dis', raid rm'm'l (vinyl 5 olojeny-m. A gmosialipr git iii the iikntakamaw rase lot- ititetanmtei'. ,'sam'tI; ana lowm 

mmmk-r apmpron'iotamte tmi'attm'ntg. imaym lm'.,'mm.Ial mitot-amm ijwaie' rn i mlermiffen'nttial evilmmwiemm,?w~ 

mu appliorvillol 1@6 Msrsotavy fsmsio Joi., of aso ~aa Wwm# mJ 06 40 m49ang - eammevres 

4 fxli mxrm.. gis revii'ttlmitatim, Wmmrr'im'. tim.", 41#9 nomt a 4.wmmMagm. Whitm', time' -adoitijung' at tle ,'igork way.' airm 

lifil1 u'wI'I am'w'uutm' rM'tuldi~ foor I 11w pn'w PM" nsopnmr.a' ngglmehmqtl',ami Iakn.im snitmut 

M~itlimatt enmtering into uliajig's. th ime ttipt l run fmp tisious. lspmm Vi':l"m, ol' .r di mands o/(mz'di , whmen 0 -* 

tsh',rrli.ml as Aillmums. Tihe air iss .'mt,..mse'i fit . s '.' ea ram' III- riveol fna ime glop rroltinxetlEa'mmitilmosm. 1l1' 

with i'eimwiiv, C' n'Ilmiv.' #tntIwpý1tiimtjggmrm nosse. Sphot" 41itmummtity x d ix. nimm mk-lm'nmaiiimsl; anmi tipe i'aimowo mid d, 

im".,i ~ ~ ~ f''u. ~ m ~ almag. ~ ~~1 m ~~m a'.ni 1'mmiut'.t.* sai e m'tme manknsg imno an' vii'ttlm'm for the final 

9i. 'I'lmvds' ,clit% rot'gmpminintoo in 1 flip air r.4ativ' fop flip' ritamn'ientI thmat tila fMow UWe I* lasaw'etia tom time 

rsmiral h'amL 

* ~tL&& 

EFjmcnmimcnital Verificatio 

Foawustk 

A rvabml~e m'h.'s'k Imet dm thetsi' io pirsti'iak' lky the 

Wat that it *.b4,mner s bw ratio8 a it t he mPhAwk yaw 

to thr prf~jirtm'lm ramw. T7ianlu. to the emumeatiotln ofi 

thme Itiahlimair ltr".enrria Jahaostiratry di Allec'n! Pain' 

Ing Grmmnmoin thits ratio' was evimpistedl in one came. 

(9, - 1 IS 'r~rm'm.. C 'a, - 1.1201) and emmmmtipaesd with 

V is.gk,onfrotvgwiuml gglg'ol 6 

Il. no'Mi al of . culi.dr~ m hpnI'mu~ueet iipr 

a~il hgaown .ar'maim' gium'rsas mosparkv' 

by measinabant dgw~ 

apgmmalsF~mwgE~flt(Itm~gel 4~)phatmigiiph- I ot'iiamm 7) 4W euonig'al-hrooest projectiles 

is light. the, n-As~mtoa are, mahown in Figtare 10) Since, 

eon"i'a hiam i 'a:l ormm'titom diinormssamqr. P. anclv11, ti. 1,mrfru"tmn fnomn the theumn'tirala line am' all within 

n'.pro'tia'm 'ly. am' CLenmacstl IM' otrow. The air mk'nmoitr at P~firrin". taI error, the sit,'p.not t m maatimmaetotv. 

the pantw (r.,9#t 6 dm'wmamtm' lovi A ansi the pn'm 4r mm~n a A limrther hermek 6 give'n by' the fart that theoreip. 

The amwniaw Vail"pi .4 thesea 41 msatitim',sm an' mli- rally fhe Yaw oilimmimlm fir' indempendemnt u( the mihoth 

catrim In' Iarmys lm'ttm'w' I. P, Otr.; frvxna smmvmmwrtr. angle 0.,. Thimi almo. hooloI. within experimnn tal error, 

F = 0. 'Fhe tifft'n'nmimr, grmhm ao it-4. ran lint epurtli'nl lout it 6 am 1''.smoromam'mmAin er 0. ism rathlier winimitive to 

do Folomi'raursit'mm in o. It ivi finmia thbut mini,'i for "titw variatiun3s in 'M~ach numbemmr in this rune' and in hard 

harntaniegs" air m.ignific-int. anid that tone etam write (a ismwaaire g'martl',. 

(for the nlow liemtwem't, tie gmimek wav.' owi li th nical 

be"d) a". Normal Force am..l (>tatrr of Presau', 

9 Si~r polls, r F P+mgmmmY M * W 4. o flm l'rmmn thmeulwagry. aLsmthwwe G one i the emivlcal 

p P J+my.'mms*. - 0 +.*1 'mma*. (21) hIlM' an fopM'aiemalsitm'wl.'flm.'fmra.ontIhe headlnormai 

mit me,, s' . 9, at-n tfmew jmim'a 9. anil MAlar notm.,aimmr) it, Ilii pnmoje'mtilm' axi'. marY I.".. 6~ r re"Ipn tbe *A 

mtnkisimwn fmimtooia id,'. 04 mmmii',. 

Fivem Iinm'ar mliffm'tm'atial m'fiputivumm (fir' thmmmg' rivm' loaLtn- ~~pf,(2 

-p',II,( 

knmaw", agml mgltainomml tnm'tdm'g'tom *-* fromt Xmwtmmn's 

TIm 71 W gtggW Pli msr.'u (- m A:gnI. gu4 Vni~. aWd A AMg m I-It 

maiston l igmilaY. si m,ow.g 1.~tt.'.' T7W ,g".11. .Jag.4 Itsoo-g..yApwd Ie m'wm mAi r, 1hýgm -&- O-t. so s wmp$og 1 h~g.w t1m -amg'mfi ggw 

yjorm .0P 1. t40 .t0vgu Nom 6 view. low Sting' 'Id os 4.6a. Now.. " 

UNIFIDYNT11 %L

*6*pC W~m .. vS1W V-w b two ig tag fgsw my W y m d1'li 

Mix 04& 111& + lp)o t.1riao.It* mi, -d a vFtmm1) b hpe 

r.teen~iat~ Shy ~teha iim the tlawa uf 6ite (whol ichan aitlsmv mnewly cath fthe 

mtatinal with, 0 Co firtem -Yu ther ie Opi ir high ekritih., arml W the ortuimphe a tahevinp. 

thrmlyo heaaiayar 

71 arm ~erLatto a~ ""ir(es 

-e f aifimme ?Vova0. romthe 

P". 

wh 

"Mtl~ the n k' naaltwm (at.Y the pu-.eti1. min ale"Ia 

cmn uoi an~ npirdmfi~terc Is t b arI).t (b) ttwpumof 

. itheai Rwom anot the (himch iof thne p~ ie heraooea 

16 IbtqqW wih mida troac fnw he t~,~ iertex vI. 'ptelhe 

hawath.. I.f n- ht m '2a'? tadh 

hvighljis-It is', emistl (Ithat aprt~toxtimathely m 

wftfatgoIIterw..o.omdtv)yleaf 

jTT -Y 

that the dimance from the vertom to the Centee at 

pftmmr Is appuximautely 

~ ~,. ~, inally, that the overturning momnent coefficient Kv,, 

lawopIt-.4.0 Pm gu4 Cd NID1W It--pL4i A-3U&) i( the projecetile is hounmno~om (in particular, with 

n indshicki), is roughly given by equadwc (213) 

71w. xxtin doli un the ~oo "16 almas dreirminvoaI'mnn 

the Pn.'unt thevory. It i., ýmrwvr the o"anw ano in thse A, ; ,' ±,! (203) 

MA ' rw thmr~r di Ta i.,, anal M~aei"el."' A'ner the 

chinger pr~pumloel in is It * the ' 1n.., thoughKI 'i)[1ifiant, Iýptmisoni I.25) Gar 1w the nter ufpn''uore in rmperd 

ii. pipreoponao. too o'. Itoah'trvminatiows ije 46-riooo"n in in Tul~r. 3i , o'proe to jAo~ ~rncl,~e 

the nex MVN 3 

44-n. 'iho-ho,1" rxi-ludeing 4he'll types 1w. which the 

Firmiiato, ran nost I... m-mohe toil thu nswmael (vowr., yvoltumwan' mioerrtain. Tlocet is agreement to within a 

C*)~l~t. AL

371 ~ ~ ~ ~SJt1'.WISpR ~ ~ ~ ~ Lwr~ ~ jCtL ~ ~ K Am"2 

lTzmo S. (.muloim sis.c. "Ituf. mnei 'Ifnw-ital Weillie Iiemgi'ilc'. in If'ner-tl. It shfootlil hr mmarkit ml 

4114:j- It 1-- f-- .il ,rý 0 

IKV f.u eidwsompr. n'e.ru ine Cauuiue'qem 

- 

W 

-. 

d 

- 

tat florear twog luVal" iee( Kx.vvacio S * thie~ws'w'aUl 

pouisible else eac cnc't i''ity. This. is. lie''ctec' the Taylor..S 

Mae'ee M4 nsWw V thetmn' 1s.Iauwa that two. frginve. Orr 

-~ I . -~ - IlteisP. tiwcwc'wirjhIy pnee"Ihe it the asionywW rum-, hating dif- 

L. fnc'nt Val"ws ad 1.. and leading to 4ifr.'rent drug.. an 

ItI 

112 

rn 

123 

2411 

311 2.401 

&a~ 1,111 

3.1 law 

3.26 1.40 

2.111 1- ?1 

tN 

3j1 

&= 

3.2 

2.;3 

3 

3M 

&Z 

2.71 

2.31 

03 

-am 

-.0.3 

+9.111 

the i'amica jiim* hoevr tinir no of the is ob. 

Wv@ e.tual in firing,'. 71W other pso"stilnity (not 

sAhvown in Fixigrpoo 12 and 13) wax. losng believed to i,- 

Im'w'nt an acnstahcle rofidcitiomn of the. loircjertile, but itS 

14W 144 

__________- 

1.76 2.72 

- 

V.310 

-..- 

-0.13 

file fe'nly has. Ist-en olvirvetl in turt-fultv contrlld 

Sind.Iunnel experimento. The present theory prip. 

isrlulhi'~tttufO.~railws.which Li not tn-reAsasire 

its view uf the c~rinunital e'rrnrmolt nthe1 rtitigh- 

Violet, a partial ex!planation. It i6 found that the yaw 

rat io Js (ant ih~t %IA)vI is. large in I he second auontaw 

ncm sisd I heesmtimats m. lit i t # stcat i It ion (25'.14 It 'lash 

lor nestc'qI that all laic the Inssi twi, sAlelI tyvevs.c in Table 

3 londo varyingc amournts (if lsesect-tail, the Wert'.'ct( 

resinsi. so that the yaw always. pci. v " in projertile. 

as lintI witclol leadi too inaplovoibly ..eW shoo*'k-wave 

yaws.. This. eehtm- that the "eetwil regimie, though 

which is. appnmwaelv c~seea~r thougith it has. Ien- sAv'i~r fewr Very pomall yaws, 6i emnudr~tl for the yaw* 

ftcae'riacc'l in manking the c'slimzcte. that awaacr ir. Imal's.0ir practier. 

Sl Valuirliof Kand rs~etI aj 

1ime valur,.s it( the notgrma bend few.'. nwfllrienct 

KNF914 nd yw ratio 6,t air ,'I14Wn fete V26Aujsu MuW 

,.4-msi-tnngk's e. as. riosrtiem- .4o thev Awls ccnimlir U' it, 

~ 

,as 

-- 

- - f'- 

-I - 

- - - -5 

ina lFigc.rc 12 intl 13. Frepn e'cg'catitoss 12M6. K. vhAestatl ';,09- - - - 

var ith thle ve'La'ity in 

K v, sfiwra iivu'n ranicllalo-lw e 

.eigjal.%fit-wsane vnv ni't 

lle'loirctifle: 111cas. I~igcur 

aj- 

22 

- - - 

I 

12 imliatlcces rimiaghlv bentw tf 'ccsueo elit.1111e cfVM1iie'nt A' issmt.l 

Ior. cxl"qs''tl to vary wit If tie.' V*444ty f.W...cper aS I i 11 4 6 5 a, a 9 0 

Tn-q v~hw.. mco IsqI ,tre.~ ~enw~t.e..hw I's-a.. e 13. Itacle.- sit .6u.L~wmsrr y -a 'ci I p ejtl& 

ct~~~~~~~~e~~~~~~us~~am -w*I.e 'etrI ,.'I'' i. hscnu c aIe few Im.p..'lch.. wcieh oim~i. Ieew-e hisvinVmig 

,.f fIvrr1.'.tn..toF0w'ies -4 w ~lg a-.w+ueeo't. foinustets' 4 Tt.+- .ý",'w r m..stw mceh. a lumelgnu .4 te lm' "Was'hseim". 

w4.q. iu-iri--.tlvr------'---.--'-----.-- ---.. w -.--.-.-- ooi 

Shm 

soma 

VIM&

A.. leeinted iell :eieeer. l-imcn- 12 41uetow int I gtnroi eec . - 

a ve loom. tit.meemeniv-t mooffii.'t K- ses letqee-e 

.. tr ' wit:: the.' velon-ity few leeeejtmtel Iereejne-iie'e in 

geieet-1 cel.eeeg r'qwn-rnwimwecl teleqr%-utitxwtmae :,n no-el- 

VCalrultieenee echito tlie-c the' renitieeptvalur,,ce e& £ *(ap. 

pteaee-oleee eas hr solor-cl lee'q-mce'e jecfinte' err': IlAlit fur 

4~'.a a. 10e tI'q ne 114 

.1V lmeb-21d-i, 

"&TIll- DRW~;clIIINTFi :rI Isames 6lem. Ira.t titgc" h" vleoan. I topar Foono 3 is 

MiOVINo; %IiTn HIG i;II iVLO)ClTY \DIICt It.-pee A-126 she-mits- ota-Ief-tri'al ewe- 4ai@ 

sem ilfj)IrK*titic of \Ntiuate llwory 

A.U item. e neeotil in Skeliune 8.4, the' thewix 4e Tacy. nail rienc aneke u( to ik'Kfig v or cover, ManI thme coetU- 

howeUrM III eelu fhe hetel eel a Mjwecjeiltiie. if tiMe. lI~a it e'te. thme appotu!intcttiemav Ito It anal 0', wilt to koea 

Mniceal andl tire yaw is ad'-ne. It eiee'e nect.' rj-s%'V. "Ine Rem-ctrte'. so runtrnnel Ivy nueme-remical iaet 

te. e-plicit furMUlem fut time Ve'lueitv r71mmpeae-t'" It i knowa htwo," ruugsilr 

4."u(te l Now. ew few the' erlte eon the I-0 Ie.ml e thme K K. 

peaue'-MiL-. etce.; car~ator eamele -~iiit ftwu~datca. wuWmeloa Ke- a..2 

an~w kw# 60I warlindM &PA& tbheecewtian wh go~ 6K e the ebN .'w~e~ OW (W hp foam 3ee 

pwro. A AeniplirieI aptwxweccnte tnatrseettiI woo ale'. Ortie. In this way Ka run lee' e'etirnnte'd. ueeing Feiuz 

'-lewd which a'chirto'e ecetic ex~plicit feetmulap.' 11wo di(- 14. few re-4ceeiticee hi~lme-r Ilion theser feet which ifdleytt 

fe-ewatiat rtjUatium tel Tatleet andl 3acril is tee il-amvl e-qmreinvontai l -eteuztae hate' hem' c'arried eInd. 

Ivy an appru~iomatto teitateem that meano 1w alraeel tex. 

plicit ly. Thiv~ is#adenw eiie 46 czcnliecg thme' vrzcint i~a in L" ~ o Y 

stir &nerwty jin t he flow . leehitiel thme' Aemick. Ine this way Efc fYWs 

it ic fnId to that 

Time theese-tie-l t'V'allintitiem to time M'trut to Wlmie 

L+oe0 a tM-o he, yaw act a ejciencl-imead'el pruetile' incovoo. the 

I/I. -PS' a.. a.+ 

da tong eI the he-i i6 int prienctiple' vinuil tee the ekmorteu. 

+ atm' 0. cue# CIn a 1 (27) 

tanI * 

guetion eel the etither as-w e-ffa-q-(Its lesribed in Steetion 

L4 I i Iwo-tre'eees. no ePeuwn themy to etmeeiehr the 

tI ewy U,- ee1 'netee to Iherhe. or IfaI eel (o 9 - 0.) lkit h eArn- 0"eeec-ml ag4MPreieeUAti§Me eIM time- aSPWapiu thmet Shth 

iteer fornmelac fior , etre. 1ncc eie-eg u the teenical hirediAl npHne geteetimatiemo i6 noew knoun. It rann lee 0howe1 

MRn Ice "~PitNcaas, 

that the dleerrel eee'e'ema epproximectiwl (now wme'giwt P 

(ISinog ei.whrewyocio the yaw in mtad viip rnMi$C veWJh in 

accol Kga gee like-tieW' 14-t4mirnmiel ntcpnvnintate-ly. Ito 0 oo + ar row + Am + lot can 2 W. 

%aee-she few ars r.vilg Mac-h neenaiwna V ae.. ane vletwinu-~+m ee ...- i' ei2 

feci two tic tep remi.,uegife (1. - 10, 21) &1 ereI-edm 1 

ofa cuei m 0 63(r.vn2 + % o2 1 

4 wAn2,t3 

Fivirto 14.or-aAn 

The -rel e,.inat-deee the-ceiee liortouemeal lea thee. p + eet- #~e + t2(pos + jcpeew2tio. 

:Iinvoree.i maticon ehecee tietet awlen Kne ,Jmueelal leese-tret, D + it revot* + e'(p + t nua 2 0. 

nore ta, a athin I pem o.' 'ce Maceh vtneermle' eel ewe' 2.5 wiwmrt ther te-e tuaekeuea etaý e.. , ate-., are- fienetiuniee eel f 

coletieee teow gise'te O.. uee C eec. Fur t1m%' 4la't-meenstiea aof 

1-ot rf"Cm is fle. MAwet Owd e~in ma N 1 Itti' 6 Ilothe-elne.441eVmldyt1kleeeee Ito eaith 004eiptc0tWed 10i 

CZJNFIDENTIAL

nvel'aI :c,, Piitti~letjcdv ill ri0-.c.aii~aI!Y 11M. %nalo way as 

* ia.feen' iin tle lir.t i:ilmiariati.-ioawc. 'rwis naail ilra. g ltccV-jilo~i43lc Air Futhtler IRi84'th 

liotow arisk4, howevrt'ir. I'it3'the lix' e aqu fitioa 111.14h'01uh DIrvyat'.i IIfirto Su.tric. 

t1he *10mw MLe?'n.i ,Ac-raierl Las lo-ibrien. an- ,L'h'altrif 

tIma mulIpIiratt-1 vaL.oat.. wvval i'd Ia 1iw ecinknicn not It wuajalel Is-' 'e,'rv ,Iiq-.alsk- ltc hcave a th"Mfetwal 

altm~l wmws~vIq, higooiatko %6ahe# - l 'flc6 ,. 1w.- judy.of oww maloerhwhuAsilm d Ow-&60 

V31a.cc. int lihese .r.lcnti~m,, ' Plis cimh'.'im'4il rullai'r thazn I'tmaltrimmliae his I.i't n i ncii'c tise dimiff'Sa IIOJW the 

.', ant[ Oilair. F - II when 0 - 0.. tixe.'.quai-oins an' noo tuaaiiiinier.44#1to-wAncr t cvcm()wcetcPi. a 

Ihonp-r valicI Gar~et~a~. i vacltoe' idt 0 deloe toa onc the fuel thate~ lcaln.Ieaiern e'eamI 

C. Fitriunatcly tlceink,,.cwni (1,. ewvh'uI fewitlw.4fert jaroainultre'. 1wy nacrw in file 11414M'igjlmrha 0611 it. ip 

.4 fyaw conthedw .1mg ibise tiffi-rtrol in this wav. FinaIlv. and tht.* airfliow luga lltsi%-agrci 6eiv'tiw4aas porrturik 

6swoutea that l aiiau Owlcacne.Iul tim. prcaje'tilo' liatioam frml,qccct the l owm'tira fhtw peat thiervn. Thimo 

Ii.P.. the, oiaape~el .the1 air moiota'scnrr Pibstt thr esy~tutots iigw a lpmoll t~~aitarlinuititevol to do c w'na 

lm,ýetwy. rathe'r than alimiag tle ni'd, opil1w lonojertih'l- arcictindl gurt. at !tnoxt, oil1 fie opive. Aneellwr Iwwsaee1l 

is ce.peroceilale aso ccwihec.Irn ie tp start with a j&iohioie'~ Amcpe floor list 

+ KjrmelolF". 

K53' t + A'~.?c.fl'. 

(1) 

311 

lee.'k wave (whield. is hard! toa im~hiel r~ittly floor 

etilive'a colter1 thtan .ircinenlt and! then tilaritnine the 

whew p ia. 1w' tn-' aireh'wtsitO' mel K',#,,. ilk.'-he.ad. isigiv'ihiat %tueegloilgielhisowk wave.an thetY"dutyaw 

drug ro'flio-nul." 'we .";N'aei'd. in l,'nac. Uf the. ill% dirfloqw. fly "onfa'aing this .'uicputiouf with ceet- 

0aolutiealic illtwo& Noopu, Offloobt "infer "WP'm iiael.'egitaa ml Apiewk-wave Aelcip"a. the RaLw ferat gie 4ttl O e 

liiiswlh~nmp'lii~i'i'c~tlitaeiee~ietwiltle'.ion- e'eullil lot- calitajiwil flyt inatcqerplationa. Thew C'nhlnt 

* icaled tr'. firi olo tiecaso am' n'ewuvrily Wopioalaiicu. sircom no partial dif- 

fere'ntiael c'.jewticum ustaa I* PAva~lL' 

Estimaate fr. i~ctire Ditto Ftcenomx 

Veitiig the idealizett poroje.'tile Ai4swit in lriprni 11. pnipje.'tik' muL* liven'cttIecrouioc.. it is piteeeeioe. hn piain 

it ic £a'e'llnie dolor a noctopti apprioxintut icon) ithat thle ripk'., tea ex.tend the ealc'ulatiuans to Aive the foWa 

yaw daI"a notl approerinblyrairt'emn either the p'e.'.eere artumew the licity .4 the preijertile. If tIWN 'c practiors. 

.an the hiame 4which 6i ne'arly' arno. in any rare, at hig~h hi.'. it wecmtkI enable the drig funntiua of the projet. 

vecuwitieeit ore the skin frio'titin. Frlont ri'uaaifien (31 ),it tile' tea lx- calculated bly theam aiteme. filig a dreart of 

now lejillowu that the leel.4 drag on thce romnira14lwace-d 

piruijeetile, iseie'pteseilda' aso 

liallilistianxee Ua nentitind in Seticate11.4,% the ap- 

foicinute nslpethoos moriiisy u6pt aeid do nut werm 

KO'.( +. &'.,-.tlOIPC (32) 

to, 1w eeuffiriently prov'rie. Grave difrialti.. would 

have tolea 41, V11*1 MW (pea'tiortiaarly is viewr of the 

wheom A'r. tile "yaw draig e'wwfjic.'nt" ledte'n almei 1c-" ui~nclary4aier effer.t and turboulente). and a earnituslec 

by% I.f) ia. gevwn remeaghitir y binatiecin 4f tho~iretteni acifed a'riouicttall work may 

Ka It 'K'.+lie 

the racist ciffttive. 

where ~'1 ih etgl 41 m~,'ll.cd4, 4 It ehc.acld lic pexweibib' to emenad the altennillatiian 

lw-sd. in t'allor"ae, ml S. allel )J. detle'flaix- ti.' 

ande. To vthen * - S. lktumnw frinct thce tisipin 

osew', .4 q o 911' theflairt% . Yaw on the 16ow. which has been ear- 

ixi~taa'itaa. drir att (fear ,'eiaet.:l litnu. to vyaural ugtives of even 

tietn ,'onsick'n' in.;e'.tiiam 8.41. to the entire projectile. 'flw etziailiy fie.tur ofA v, ' 

'l'11r amitiolati~i i erne4K icca liveAlr-nw.'. - 15 ie'.tile %%ciclel 11.lthe 1w p'halale' lay thett-y alone. 

llcy.tt'.".. V la, - lAM I has3, lic-ru tenillrtakett by the. with eahivaeaee aedvatt:%ges t,, the ireajertile 4h'signer. 

4'hoL'4'lt. lc'ititior .i reinii*aca yeg. aeclwhr l1w aueaelicre 

u( thce litcran'm of Olt~rIanre. N;&- ety lrita.rtien'at. A*~ FinalalY~. it elacyc Iw 111"'eIde' 1,3 calrulate the effect* 

'ep'irte-J, it is krouwtai that fear Pstaneulani pný primittedeii liv aitilm.' finiturettoi ,u th air r eistaio ae (in. 

tilee. A'ac -L 20. vicluceg the ')-awittg twnwairt dim to yawing. tht 

CO)NFIDENT! tL

NtoIrsnlixs rffrt. o'tr.) onI file Illow:Io l At1 " ~one, anI 

4.ve ow even I lpp- n-l il atej t*jt'rt-ile. A% mnjnor diffi. 

vsit.%' here io. ltlst tile :,rflnsw (relativeIts tile 11 psrnjr 

lI H I# sonwi lid s a~nge Is. itvnli'l no. soIrnalv. 10s1sit it Isls 

namwir ov Wk i 'tno (% Ih irsa'diift-riIt itsin.mnmorn')a 

w~iomllIw *lebfrtonsimnvl. anosl ,ssarh thIiospax fil drif as(n 

the gmrsjiwlihs annsI fll- r~ate. cof Glainklspng 4 its. yaw. 

nsuaol lit' pimiirtale.. 

Lm 

:a 

its 1111sts"Is so4.sni.k Vs...,. ft~f srmjinr*.n'r 

Iit.1 

It -verno neithert okeijrolie n , mw niralic-laelt I.ft'iet mr p~~ouay , rhi folw i. a i''-I 

as'rsinq1iit tile I.ffsr.N16-11 l~~laTIV NKwN loIdIIIA liiOf tile 

la1w. TIwno.' effoirt,' are Onoinall in IsM.olsare:,.11 kaisprl 1`14i914- niswtwr j unts sotlest 1 )lacfiftomisiiei iniiwp The 

11wrr i ske nhsmstl wcniult pnslwliluty lIwrk islown am m1inern andi roislaip~reiset till at 1'. Wiltli the Ilauieul 

arrosqait o~f the infinities. ,trinfiiees-t11l w lh isp tsiu tile Opit' oointsrahilsir p'late jwjnit lipto a Vsrietw l 

u~nctxilusiik. f oway in wbit" tiA yrm purtrnAtefu4..Tl ~wC V16ht 

Willi tile vow %4-M fliA'stin's llwoi.4rtjaliv tile. lsatinfil, ismfl until CQIPLc vertitui. .% third fxtht at A. Plared 

varily oif the fltiarndanwlstl inhiffesreptina 

w61,11ol havetw liso1 fam.. 

l essstioms n m G in the. plan.. CQN.It. ptwstidens an aidoitlonmi 

,(sfert"Ve IX4911 neal MIShlt's atil laIM55flnn fl ~ Ii- trajeorotory 

lip lie lostrato'aI fpWrsor'I. T"he hoiopprits wt I 

STRA.JrCr1MRT 100"TIU'IN M 1tl" P RV 

vilwatilic jttmm Iw~wm tile ppn io Aw.IL c li Pwviold Ulf 

41111 rluns1istr EltiftR t-A-s oalsi ls.n thle intA41P. 

TRACt*R ;'lInhM tR~uptr- nar ranwia left* il"PnmWo have no flat a "I~a Ad Pol. 

.8-a ~Genetral Method apSiaP. alt hoingE it t6 pinuonloo le ti, "oorrttt rew a ausisee. 

ate anxiamnt osf qILtnatison. Tlc he liojaww istaed warn 

piun)* anol ripavniesatnt ineilsinl isirf aithinini bul. nsiuuiple. esmasateng ...entially (if a wcightel sopring 

lhiri. da-ta fropin firings was. siieverlinsisiof at th Isiivrr. annrls~n-nI to, a hoary lildiek; last it wni-kell very well. 

sity tof New Moslicto. tile 4ariaisal liotanara beinag to it,, Isaiosl (00.0;1 wi-o varying buy lesus than 0.2 per 

inve-siiipte the rilatively sanciplsirrl hiyjwen.rrlueity rent Willi toruiporrataser tfrio -2 C lip +27 C) and 

sefsati. 1T1C mcthtall. latiorlrt't. sin f genrtirl opippies-a aiusglitiial. 11w ceainpewr andl amrunia weve aoinotintedS 

Wait , a*. for as velticity is' rqiner9 'sl. list? 6in hauilcsl tob palnatumlsv. its avisiol tr-ansusitling vibrittiomal to the 

p.rinjeetihe eqtaiipiwsl With trurros. 11wl trarei psriioe oolranso. With thloe liyuisit ruossen. stages. all fti 2,3M0 

tile is' lasiiiogrpiwoh in flixght nit aught. iwing tin comliv il were plisnflogrnapittel; hui rt- s".ig severou timeri 

ntary (..611ctilirnrmv. A. vilwamtiamg"s-hnlsp~ar-ii froint n.E greateovsmiinsl lsecotas-eitli iurssierrhoiret-fhlnmm, chop. 

tile i" ojw hen,4 ps"siviohoe" an 011ollutictat tintor ocale. asid lin's. sins la4isnietr r. This' rmos. cain lie ninole no'tdigrible 

tile rt-soiling palituot.Ish ra i vri ilko - rtha'insoisnso's tflnjse. foar lw-angle Aire anti hlojK a~rtatary train 1we nuliaineq 

lioor' a nsi o-ssissigh diptat 55. roilnthinife t uh adintioro. n re- loyie t ni iolnein extrna lighlotl ina~rkuog "frtfcn'tt linnts'; 

tsladt iconix, andi latillisiri romio'irinut of filie iusje i. lost in hsiglasiote, Arne it is. oif fioasit tit tesirset (4o lensa 

.12 Experimental Detilsawol 

Details. 

dhiatirtioma. nlthssoo'dt 0isi,. es-nr i,, nail serionisun with a 

le-ns. In41iti le-egju I~ Ili- hososoit, it 41-Iso osloi e biurra 

~~insiialsil i lint ntiasIetr:Ootvoer sioot it-tohi fullbhrilhissnoe 

'Ilso witt p k iliotanuto-si ii rl'kulrv IS.. i,es i. noost tut ii sal e 

siriwn tf .i 'lo'lime IPssja'rtilo' is fin ol froos, tilie goan 6 

-or arI or Iteavinit thoe win. 

its, a virtuial sIhone thissthimt flat- los-ri'sitsal line' .IiQ. * 

Isghot tsio- at fixi-ol lsini-it. .11 sno N. its larviviale 

-rid ... .. s.... \I)1(~ n.~ ~25.. 

I, Iteolction o( the Ex~seveattental Data 

1triso'onlintutctmi Isulv (-.ec Filctere 15) soC the runs. 

.6M o bw -Jvf -ku.a-f., t. w ,o lival sýi. I, 

ss...~e o tw, j...eJr osW.n .d mr,. 

itilen Pop( thc Inmijat~ He 0sroeSPjunioig lip it n, Puinft P' Of 

thisp IlIiniltgaphullir iiisZKc (sieo- Figture 16;) are Cossmnd to 

CONFIDE:NTIAL

1~~~~3o clo-:eNltaH as itharmlE:'( iSV veIIt amt~Ut:V istttJECTtvl' 

V Tea sla~~'t.rseiassionrlh ItaieeianwV ifa idwail , f-wk amn. 

- -- Aw5t Slok&hawk 4wol. taiw ,itsivrslitaim titaS SiagtSn loy 

S CM- lnia t altt rig t ts taael-t" ii Ismt aa161a fve, c is i i..i6-4-4t the 

rpsrit4ee mi iwmgago q oa. ply' iwyul" a omsp Orsmj. iw owle, h eemslt" Vw.1 M. tow .4fteli t"tmolva 

tThe f a~w -, o lum-1 Fic Vtiv e 4. %lI)IC hI-1-ro Fnrinis thipOr. lie "..Iaeatp API-ity tovrv ermh riso 

.464"M laal.. imrtaim 6 toke tissac. 1useir- 1 

91w t~ ri'e ting jsiri , 

1.0 skasky villswalsl lit- da... lit. lostl laY atoo ~rsom oan, a waaseaath 

-; If ~ (~11) ntul 6 iterm.~kai, lay ramotlairiaasi the gir--.- torwl-.- it 'ithil 

k I ~ live a jtsq afo the ff. I..efitre. epilae 

The ohi-lmr"acw.. 44 k.I. musm of tve ialrtgifiw'l it Miawra 

Us. mui.I lita Iiimiltt. i' a'. W, mil c' Laive pla..a int viglift' 

r,,- 

'flw 'writ'a ia then., taljoaotvI wuntil tles HAMr-4tittet is 

* 

s6 litt thata fiuvtw'a V.. .11, :11al A: girt' list-i ,gwtew'sir4 the 54f~i~~ve-. owisI114 isti vi wtastotUltale 84~ ""Aci. 

~tisrev,Wi fiu9 t 1,. .11. asul NV %bisuss ala'itr else Iaawvsa. *A*a C. l..ntneI 

The posint III in Aiaalauowrl lowIto aamivo, tolasoasew~ ~ e~olseaawease~' wa .IS 

alang tile trmitjaeTan Iialy appqtagina saqwalasr (%thvre ri itelk ortio$anlsatisswlr .smt ri "a'asrve, haiwsi; the 

Finalt P lt elste lin-clilip. 11H. Iasnz.,talml mistra N Ins fart thast 

l1sa's z + G.V*. aitl lite vert'iartI l"w'aVlal cal P sway 

6 ine upliaistitl lay osilartirtiotes'g (q ip tile hglo idQ salt 

. 

ahimire the flowi MX. 

psru'twe. them,~'a.rts-1 ~' aw 

to thims' ira thee law it esisoti (ad~'. Ir thq en pritila, 

"mttsu ImS rtwthl4e.adit s Itostaf fRolissitic voiei~eisit can 

* ~~~~~~In, 

Is( tlae intet't'walw iuah2tlais * tile lt'ajairttiqV iA ahtaalrq Ian- dor9ttstminc. 

Irv the i4usi5itVV Ta' mitiaasall lise rstiltr. lls.-t- gusu"tl 11iii miinsasaw4lasaivskitmisistit therisaeantw 

at. gstinapasil intis hossarss (s'ialt 6fast w~rwimm.lufswtng las a %tisiastn si.Iintagt tivi file c~~sats- hrwincwimph 

Ions411 w Itv-puvwolitle fle iethsol- siw ' ts iring iwat' irter, a fungi ,l veo. 

-ive gnaaagpu Aami zamrattntt lifasstvl. 3114i (fir etM'sw tar'it i4- we thitt Oimwl'flrt-IisWtr4 (it' 116110 at diff!'rrt'i 

%"istep 'of fsstsr thet vaim.lwws 4f :,eti V'si urergaga'tl sinaI .toltauzl veliaiti" arower that Mwolwe v..Iiasity range ale. 

taken lta aIwsreroontlsitsa elsei nsiterra ltitie. Tln~- av. voirsJ, 

mern vilise's off H stand I' san- Olwnw g A~l. atawhe It 6a mafuisttel tl11t,tt cay a a 2 im't1-"w el 'Iv'nt s4 

.simootth a'imrta. itgtssa whls~aI Ile Imoiasttaloas st fwwttal lsit lie t rtijertser . the pwttt'i't.ttie towi rrart' iaiflule 

,voith rematirksslak presia'.a-n, gatooel se. lrija'wlstk. (Se.e its %% jellie k-as than tIi per w'erwat. isasi thie N-alocific 

ragitre IT.)are or'll'sraarstea within t±2 pefr mot. The' ti'ltmilnl sio 

A M. 

*We PIMAO.EIL( .. Th WALVM *M PLAWt 0ffi41 5? 0wiq we. IOPt i(#WWL6 

o -r r -Tf- 

30- 

0 4 4 Is s 

a.1 blo * 44 ao 

4&*Gg a 56 is, Iour 

Is' a IT Asrsp''aas *l-t-tw~as.I I. a''.v 1 .~a~s~,J~ITha.~wt.'hs. fl to tsem I t. 1at6',g jjJl( tt 

$tttC wo.

fitioteq,.. Ioanlpr rsvo to~5.1wir renglul Sw. e~n-eil Im no.- I. 'iu. vqunoofo Aknpw-v "twiwl ia X~MJh. Iva-if et.i 

4 

41Kt a riiis'I w- s-( .Thcmk.1j NI~.lvw4.I sle ~ Owthe 

nijeu pp movo % tlo ostroswins Insnm m . noiieee .Cle. o 

-,w .1.4s 1" iw rnm hP...wwWmim t..4sw o&V ermi-ejw~. W41116 u~p49b. OV alhw.*' thdi 

n."t,~~Pero dnlwiwe mesn~t.wffidn K. vc.fy l~it II. low loved ;.%m&mmt 

~'FIRINGS OF:t~ni CWHE -s PsAjsrnl 

@4&4eqm nive e'w'E."' 'o- not 6- J..'dg.em 

Ohpw pwo~tivierims nel Iulancr o(1Its~svtanr~eP PwhU' 

:hoti it owls-tIJmtr ofa.4* oiil"T c.lw eAwqw in thr ek- 

T irnoiVd.ime the 4efoe. set ehqmmwo ;a .46.fai.. .4 

tie ~ ~ ~ ,he"cnseI~~.,&u 

Go mi mhovilalwi 

4"osig .5., YTMine chnvdengcr ihr *0 tlfify Faucu, oo 

L6a. me wmm his pewmph m l.Aa w.&u4mq 4wAn 

(34401'. aon V',trnieaeP NOe e Sn.. .,iw ..Al Ilol-. 

WOe %.-to c.virnicq cccl thromiA O theninwermtn to.4 'dee 

IU AI rl.. k-,eing 4irlvN fs 16. roodeiaglE Iswi ar 

vkior ow ilrovNh Ii monnl.., anm inii smer (r~afwmu ie.u' 

tkJr" l'nning Cnecnvoi in .'.mn.isou isith an irnc,.4. tie.ing2 lusut-fil rq.mow-f 1sw heoIn~C MY%& leviewee. 

an"I% &eel ini 454.4-11 

in plowtiow 27,11. lie 1"n4. if "usy 31. Vmetm"n. 

oqwh~ so. slsmoooir rootaliIsmmm1404A 1th 

4horwfUI the yaw in floe xna ate vivy Ecfmt9Ih 

-TI~i, v. w mrIowu 

eer.es m.. r-raniro..t ow~ li. A ad k~wrysw O1w pormanw yaw.. swenall cor" dthe mirnhty 

Ow Ffta*1 Iesea....e. Soow 4 %Mov 30. fi wt deormwa 

cONFIDENTIAL

(3oalpler 9 

TEIINIf' It. .I.IAISi'ICS OF IIYI'iiIi nm, 

m:I)(rr M .JE1'Ls 

Its IF. S. &&f.~ awl COMMw We~aw& 

9'1r4R I'TION (IF % LPtI 11) Ill' 11a~iwoo."Iitw4thewiw'.10 tit th e~ 

inip:uR miA)Lrrv mmjmcT;I.E' 6+1~ 011 tittlP 01-MIiwgr ý"- 4`11W eli'pt If.r tile ent- 

Thop'hrol,-ol so(hi~w I ii the1witn 11111411 the 1w 

16ri.. icits il. 6 a lif.it.i isvn ItYlk6i-mK'1-ty jimftmli1ih. 

11 .llv22 Iodlti. uw~imrvv. aavuiiab~y loat the 

innw It.'rit;X thsesn- .' ili rnv 31 'he via. s fqa ll. ofiten~c, 

# 4 M..i11he. 

.63. l~ir ar.~t ,i.i~i .njo" #cItwivmitix the. 44. 

re-1 l6(6-I1l401 0 

Sines- tile kj,,etirIenc 4w~ the I vll -tir u *.'U [inlk-to 

1 1.f1 .1 '24011.,., 11 p ljll'tilf. tmnviviii at 

g,.,iits vd.6.lif , *- -~l .d.tit :A fi r, I16141?lll.6li itm4f. 

.6:no,gs-ndv itt i.r haii.4it itirmlifav w .22. it imemii-ithit 

111"t ~it.wmbilo vla .41 ina rent Kreter in 1fleti 

.4*-lillot g66I-i6 lorvark. haslf !4f6. %ihene. 51 Il, 11w 1:111 vaovi- 1 olte-.m:.lkr 1 N1114't . 6~m nwhmim iig11umotaItif ifpo 

v~~li66lgA IV sille -oirplmmit.iL vi-denit.iA P-mvl 6.41111 3 Ion6 ex- 

11kh.6iiago E2KI41 hach,.krnl.161w ~ 

6m9llRV3q. 

1 1 

if lime 611-mmirl 6 4 (it hoI-,,16t~ivij fr..* 144iiv 

in lionoptitan~ iwltr Io kimwtirt..nvrr. Sarw.4 1telplomma 

'Am.v filIgI .61111 p,.~w llt gin a0-i...f vwai? *#Itt We 

fim.l 11 itssils ih..*$ssilti nfiaintiwt;et~i~lvla'tit thatthe 

10.1.11 inlop rwing 

~ . d I .1 3 de ,h I slg h t ion 

I~ reig h it., 

nI ,p li r e 1,t~ i o i ov a f.s6 it r " "iu f thn e 

1.1111ite if 11w vil"ol361 .Al6 litetl fitilhn iat v.olfhv 

Inw dom init.ial mfinina.n4.w aeu&vera.laa VtiAY ti 4% 1n .w mi n~~ Iiit 1~a10t . lll 1 t144111JCgmo 

%it?, legte't r.I wiff it~ 10Y 141111-1 a1d .iffi-n-liV,t 

hatilkII,. fl61WO 6.16 11,4.61 liLt.". l1.-ig 11l~i-flt fF1911 ri ml. 

14'41n In. .6i~lwipe ..'Ill ligllf-t.- Wa4ij~ilg 41 K. Fixitre 1 10 a 

iswoemnl' flow 64 ifow torigmnal luilck. Fligure 2 

5 

fpi.. fianl 2 . 3 -o -tli:, i,:,n1 vIvo.m..i.~r lrp~w .immmo~l-t travtewas 11- wct-:ile q Ille Iwmr- w..1.ish: nisil 

from a rnliklor .22 Aill ill rifle.. tmimisila v4w-iril' oionowt viiAppw-itv 6 3.31.fiLE tg..1111' funk ttip mla-Iv th-it Io, the 

J.2tKPiwO flgo nor t il" All Il,.let in -"iemwr-104V ilwim..'! dimsi.c-uptie lmdoeI1l 16111.6$ have Itegan1 erintlembidChN 

Krwl-r Ilinn .611. n.'d.-if tip l Al te 1 tank mood1it niviv 

IM'w'v- . l...~l~I.. VI.I.,.t,.a t~,).. .64.1..-. j( I4t INV"i :69t11id .-u .661191k-nh MIb the ifterfia of thm, 

4I~l Cl.Wff'd 64 

ih,..-iot16I.'-. 

P~Il.16.6 2. XIIC Door 

II.-. . I-...i.-.l4v1... 

61 6 .10 k1lt666f A4 alt ror lwm-mt4n1161 11'le fim-plif t frffit4 rfvnoofthi'~Ie pgoim- 

r.'.. a10% e.ilAMA1f5. ( .,-a-. 1 ,wntlt' 11Y mk, devk-t.1tl in 

* -5-.~l4ll.Cl-4-1'l-. 11c 

l -Il '66 C,6I I66(.6'66. the16 #IIP ank~ intowve * I.ic.-. itti .616 dwIiri~flitte 

ll~.. 1II~l. ... i6 i'ta16.11. ii. 'r a-.l41.1I1. now .- .11te f tui-r Uver a uklsves. 

01,11 .- "roil va 1-1 - Ak ...-nt... *- k 'i.-f...m 64 .6.4 

hII N,v46..4 6161 1*l l Il..61 -1 4-4.1 jIif.i.u -ftl6S~I6I 

-. the . . .-- t rprrT'Mst 

0 1-1I.. - -. 01 

I%, i-of 1, icto town 0601v at I he and it e-nininni ill.on- 

.1 4 66106II 6-1-1 im-P fit6 64,111o- un..- the 2-it x;.i, Jrn.-.nd 

ti-.. 6 .a~ 40 111. I ~ - IV . N. %II - 16 -,* Ilow as.46 low~q. 

4 low 

----.-.

______11111411111 Mt, 11% loa~ev 16 tI.Q1 oil 111 01 1-11t4190.11 . 13 

D4,e,.,e I'h-tWMn(rtil 

%6mw ,eeet.46M g06-ovigir seemo ilha& 'of p~ap" tank. 

kleemolos le weraldww-o .~pi4ae wl Itytleecal- 

a oi-t. rtdu. ~TIwal mewi A&.d atmIs 

dw ""Orr. tlelew mv (tralsaIraaefmnit 

~tertinefay 

a lcph eeC 

*~ lPievr"th4 Is Iw geinmoint (amep.17Wlatnk .4-0-4 noe 

.10leueee Ie'sg 11W Fa~is ane. -0 11pison 1.111) 

slegizo- (nt" 14. line. .4 fi Mobil timisk It; Iwlerfomr pre 

196w en. eemi-lle-1. v04eiteq 31.eset 1,2111 fl.. 1 1 cl Kiln 

me e it4lv t e-eirovr tier h11w 1St. hal..f frteec ait 

I..at. . ?...Ik .te.It eot vigere I SP., e 1-0e Is -. 

hbeleehmme~e~se.I 

e~ee~e~et ~e astile-v .A. hqe..s 

fimegn. lerele-c thnre(oooe, -6-.a 111ee.. 4e the witets 

Im4nit rmli4ll ien Five. jeis. huamm ee4~nv v rwrnal to 

lae 4te. E'e. let'..iv mygf~e's4tle' roer. Int tIw Iizo two, 

from"e the Ve4reirmI jet I-amwemmw.l he t~qofl4 the. Pic. 

loeaw. olmeet l1Ift aleene. tkt."eeeE th. tank. fle1 pilt. 

11111 tsok IWeAML Sao 

(till 4o "matet. 

lrated ,t cii 6 m. 

Aw~~.. tlterel tank. --"IVe 61 

WL1- a.i.e flU~ithr- 101el1e.1 im% 

eleic .epIX 1 tee6ee t'. Satrr 

ter" em. lite grestel 4iwuem thugl waltey haed be" 

11'remn X~~ee It tuamed tif* gun anee almost Is ft 

tielie wtlee, 7m1to1i e~el" ,ieeew th~an 4 it 

HOW; la016cm femeertle Hooek. nmp. Italf getfl. fneali'el tee e.'qelem-A itle aced Ilee'n %Lao olee. gogr in tiee 43-elexree puvi 

alm lw~ite leelk-4 eniervoI mt..i iieCi jeeelesew. tile. "aeeut tooseeqill, '.npelse 4"ee10 er~h tank. A nmme'.rdi ns. 

fnew. polmee it" the. lesettecn a( tile fink Aa*e 4eton 6ev ties 

leiont fteelw theeimn a r.imttare mpwaeie. 

1'lw reflt eel a Poentiaeedau 9.S-g nattte., 3U heefleet. 

v~cilyalumf 2.U fpe.,u.lmn in Fiore S. In til. 

haflf fanjiete at the liegee five loodee cW eril' v ' tnruk toaerel 

tlwereq.I e themp c aepe. Tle rm i- a jet detimt 4 ft 

letegt eIsnm'4iee amaY fiet em 1 tileenad ,.geee ceit'diec 

ela et.tar.eeg Iteen erl the rzinwte; Neot thet vectrafl 

Itha"Ilr 

v:4r..e t Yetcr ~J..e ier.hmir ..... tI 

1"vlera 

%mrr to o rrYir~pp th 

?Z lea

17.1 

SLS 

AZ SL

* ' ,*. . 

S .. - **.* - o. 

• . , , , . . 

. .I . 

.".... " " 

... , .. 

.. ... . . . II g...' 

, *,|, t .. 

., .S 

'" .a,",.' ,• * .. .•;t 

• . . ., .. .. , . . . 

" 

o 

. .. 

* -. : - .. u.... 

4,- . ... 

-,I 

SF- 

,1" 

, .-,.. -- ]) 

4 

__. : ___,i;. 

. S"

. . . . . .*.*...- 

lot nV.wft% it. It for~-t.i 1`11.111 61ievuti'm tmjATt 

W11 Travo,.ir~ts I're-t.otrr* its 

'&*tr,' I'eisuralrwI1 11A a litiflrt 

lltrc w -nor I~uttww%Il sSvvp:oTn owi % 1TI 

Thewroineg,. ,.s4loonfitatwv c~nsellov ipitr havv oillsow 

4I 11 fa :1 4116`0w * iVhul 4~4 4-0-d.t ie orn-14, 1`3144fNV 'Ail It 

'suuWt :111.1 4k 11 114en1g.1r agl.t Iha.,ew,. V.4doo-nkueimw 

Iatltt ~sinfly~a taloru~.t~iI denseu ksImi .Ihr Trm yie .I.w u..elns 1*lmII muul 

11MN461 Wtjen, tIs.in 4.eejf V1 o Moslw 4Ilf 410% J'1111 fIW * teld 14411111 ~eWt? 

TI 

1'sitts- t 4i 4 tw kiqra .4e. 'iriii ns. :e. vtil's.y.r tle-it J,11 ow.Iik t flo .istljl il~Ifi~it, 51i~~ 

waivn e the Iwt.. 

WI' Iii, loo in w bol~lvi 

imoht frierllslite Aw.4 wave':s.*,.Ie No * 

ek a~m WIw. 111I-lr e' aftS. i 

1w itrl"-o gin- aisozi e wtnoii 149 "wf teligtku. Al" 

os'leEte4 Isampso;t " t~ior flo ttI her lto" '4111 gifts r( file 

fng-aloilite ta's the i~astictU.Zrit ,m~ro..f olw mplt'wk leetyra vuLita' 1"1"141.lnwg111 wIIIIITNd lom alalyeoil tit th 

alflp Wl ft~ M4!Il Alt4 IEllrlli .046llo a lofad too- 4tiww 

lsissl ranehetlI rissi.tunk. tl I1 :A- mIl e eI,.eIseiesK 11M two n mi 1fr 

. Ittlfti liem% 

terl4t44 tjh'u.e 

links eetht the Vualn y flowg 

loat.. flit- tatetigk I imv. tolled. :I ,eIN- At-rke efla intlf frul's in..link 1 * ,4 andii4 ifi ,ei, a tto u 3tl4 e ti.'n lVl$ El ithed 

hrel1oigr1 tllit onibI sgnfict,g lls toli e41r1 a-I t tisix jL. o.i~ise 'sIilu- rf~ ~ leeeI.Irt rv eil atitotr114 whirls %%:I% ellclvc4i ivera 

Ul6ti. itllOw' Illiiet r, 1 ttv ltieill floor tloie.nel'lee 64-sii. 14-ulot fly% i l~a esg hin not1( wite o i of t. incipf the t's-ka A 

.~jwe have. inl the tiorknaue, wo.ion-t that aI~Illey lit I II ket we E1'rir linsor lmat ffittet ~issue a litte itn filitf 

sItell llP4ifllI llo. ItE 1ie .that Iheilittr d1Ewy "n14 o:iI# siser trniw n~tle rfenw ot thel kiwteso revtime. iinigott1E 71W m o 

floflela t't'Itit( iiim lbyel Isla loosel hef'e coIIIEItel ivit wae 

WO eite fran iit~int 41t'Allt 18111. 4fit- 414V4r :etlecone- 4~~t oi4tr.an fi- III liks me tht fieetemle itn41)i 

*'011.h~h .1 ll'u.4..elv 4ltts~' 41,1 I 51 iee. I'se, cef tiw 'Iik, t1114f Watt fr t-ei lie n~toIi l flf e far 

mom. lun O re fie it, illt~. a 4igle tntic4- 4s Ow I ior ft .1 :I 41 .l l o ,ts gst. ui lls. "f i tiltt-i n . itth 

t~tNT1 'in, ~ lits~g lpt tit-rle'1s~iip f tik t vkil h .s'g. Preiitivl v aIlltr wis(heet water~ wa 4-mclSetWl~ldv4e. 

Naarpfrkc- I fiimlf mitinol (sr Il- nl~lr lnk. 1 :,lfy lai:,nl Ils 114. 1 wji leit. de.r 11. ei11m ,if ieaelooltn 

All we have44 4 m- . Ilite. pr411.1Iein i e'1.11 an- did t4r ~ i nigh that # its relf-my %a-Il . fltin4 o4ef tcIWiti Ilit.leg111 144 IN 

1 

a*t ooli tfieEl, 44 :1 : t me. li 4joi.1i4 k tee ,siweohitli *Ie t- ee o.5 ie f ile "It 441:i44 mw4. e. kieslv r..ie v. ".,.* AriI ssi tl toli 

orilln.1 to tn w i ll S . tit a istir . 11111 Iri lefiii e l ~ ooi old I I aj la'ide."t it. fly4 ecitate.1;ell,'111l) 1' l1.ef~441 

l4'l i rrt f filel-: r4elai ve1il li 114 u t I: lite,~ 44:411 f'414IIvle u1le~lgresvIoIgl.Irt.t II41 

4.:. lte -. ,u h tt :4lAiiy i 1114:4 " Isla 141414 fa itil44.1144e fll'lll *1' it.I I 1j.. W 444g~l4' i( fit.tnlpI:444 IX~ t :ll rtll 1t1110 

r~el~fliv elf !it1 .. 1%411.80441 lt.il looltLe't 1ng Ii rill.4,1 VVI-tt lot 

,IiVk enf 'AN 14114411 eIi Ito e ~I:4 14:%. hi,' ItI3el,14' e1' 74 . 1 1 14'n .1'4 4'41- 4 Eit r4l-it , f% - ~ 4hff)4* - irel 4, I4 I; A4 If' partg t Ito 

filla 1. 1 v w 1:1 =1 k-f. Iliv6,11 11. . 4..1S 

4 014 

Illdo vi~~wti %airoah ;olxli-v~lt~iIN h~s a-rtrto 11 oS

4"t Igmi-een. Itoe ritetifoi. IIIItee.inefirti. Im.9 et ~ irit- 

-A - ____ mlit-1.1wsniap eseaeaeefgweltvl Ilw 

qraaaicam juipe. 

*I 

* ~ 

/ ~ 

~ 

~ 

tw1i lob II.1W LeWtir nw.,L .4the.ImW4. RAM4. Vito~ 

1 1 i.* " e4theieq".et (, 0.1 is' optile kow aftetr %ih" it 

i-- eits lto a6 iie staaasuntioi of ailied 3..'JfIlk-p asset film 

(mitea.- nmm e~toe toit. mww~iiwe I i eaboo e' gee. 

all zwtitae i glet.liewb latek. 

III-..m 11 on Fo.-e I No few. the. 

* ,/Iesle.Ee. iiseieitee. 1eei ewmaemieruth a b4ill runam 

.01, e.11; 1tilo- r,-440"e10 are. title- 2 naepov Ieetg. 611Wa Ieifing 

"foi-to r.w 1 2.1 Pet tw ie.. l'~ 4w wu acno 1dr to%- Ceip IIUI 

S" ~~li.als-I 

1"me. INg-m-A Iee NMI.- Ame .l,.e 4oeelf Ilce hen-Vr reeuainw 

"eve~rm IIap ( w rn-e-cmi to( Iw leovi 4r imeoro--Wn. Ftw .Ithe. 

ve-ee-t~t voaae2Wlfla..ane the-psak Im-eot-tof.e 

40004 

MILLIT Vasa., ae~ it-itv 

11w frert geee ice lee mve- wass MAIN43 ,ni. Ina H thevir 

was'y %-.01.14111 Ill. NMeel w 1 aklmtIerree, to( te- hAm 

ugeer . I* Ia. Iw A.4 .I6sek uate ioe pleateeIn asituimiWo *Ik 

pi'au-t *or Plow otritei-cuae 

4 

isaei' fe r re-wmlitti vi+e41v leer ;o-ve-naI e-xpet-tntae-rato.". n loremoare. tx-gin 

pnnkwelpoi js' g-ýelae; it*' iacltird i nee-oqeeiir timetaf fte ilirmipt- rtic. n tuieat aiueeat 2.111111 fp- ansi alaix-ta tso 

-0.0110 e itatoA foul. 11 tip eoi-miif nIe-ege111.zae n-tee-i". get titriceei a1 -le-Alisie. Maxi"aeeen at ther i-l~evetv . 

tviiiiela 44 the- a-lw-k cavre-. Tie.., it,. ay llwl mteiete tsnel. 41433 fjaa. 

a 

COVDET %L

IPA TK3ASI% IL S ~I.11J."f4:TI 

4W M~ V.S*JW1:1"IF W r -MKO - 

41S 

Ofte Of W 

st Eta - mI i eryt ilsttodailte hr nsn 

S4 

- LL9 0IL"d hroootlnelm.4rbgn 

0 sn o-v weil4teowr w ootnin oe 

~is an 

awlth 14t. Im-k itik.'lle n. laelaer i( it.fewM mm'm atc ressoii miii.'mtItls wt~r onm t on't l he ww 

worolel ft 44- mlerIllt W 'fr l mtCIIY ti fli mltlmm't w1timiti jx-ihi'm tii( m'iitmwitii- alitmt'' icrycn',islnotY h e'~. 

pla .'tv. wuwo riUmifrnnieo%4r p'mtld r 

o first- Imime velffiv imtes ru.-4dfo 2.01.111)too, seep. 

~IiAim 

ik4.mi t' an imitt'lilie-o were i by t~ilmi~muii'i, offtarjller Motive Imi (psmm filei'mmris emrpol le1et 

11tem wit lerem wttg littl'est iltmmc minir phomle ftimik fip ~morm' t .ir'itiiamtijmnm fli' 

warmmin tivme timnm Wrtt.m' C st1 

Imint1r =111w iCliff-k fmilek II44 ii. am~ 5-36il.'~ f"g'11 11if lu''~ 11cis ite ofsimn-.,efre. lim nk imiotit thtin thas witte 

Hdim4 i rri Ai m~it'h ii erahmle mitbre iemml( tKM-im I Pit 1immm' itali"vi-Ky ;m'flit smlemiw ,n''isi~ av Aiiiitmtef by antit impthem 

wemreiid alntit ~ wore I is'iiii' ml ti ll, fli rst -Iff- t or il~me'r hiruing which ~ite liii ftesst'ir isi itsei nutoo "o;m the thm. 

letI'lse' wet're th W IN lmmel. 1 to( 114 rle lmif fre i fm emm 11mik pnm r m r time- mill immi -imw' mmmit' value wich im 0isinin lt 

waf ke ilsoor mm'lit timin (fo ' a % iltimw If V 1mil frmi m III mm' Iva itt'ýVll lmm- ime, I'tm " tuttit mlmmnthtim d ismit m it( at lItf"i 

limith min irm'.1- VWA 4t m 104ml'rmmi'nmmmttr 

1tmirmmmlltj' illi'mgv 'l'lmt' is - 1m m m'k~v Isvfi e lter oli mmttit' net Igm tm.'l'ic 

imt'mi 40-4 nomt, mte ur lt' mii.Itm ii l' imlmmm ml .itmi 1m, mimm ý Iitt mt.-IV h m I~ is m,11 m' tis um'"him; lisp the 

!iectim. a tI Im i a t' i Im- mmiip -'if 11mm' fri r amm :mi' .'1m-g -loim i1m cn', ii' lln' .tm mmm itw 'ite'mi em ht' i mmlmmm i 

ta im k' t ii mfimii frm iti- fur tmjtp -e r 22 imv mm I imi let a -- f 1mk ir ,'mmmm Iumit' .1-itm 'lde tha vm limte m valismrmpt'm mIxt fc ii 

Atmil wi vei7 7.MXI" lme 1)4 lie t 11m ' i t'in.mm rim':m t m mm mcith o imp- limit' I millftk I' : 1. 4u iw Aij' IM-1 (.r. 'mmm -4tmmjnt'm titmigt' ' bims 

vilmtm'immltmt 114 Wumiml frimumi itt t le haiw r 22 k le Notm ilt m ti , i'- it i' a~jm 1m'm:ilmim' limitk 

avvri~ . 51lm e p ri-min. ;im 

ithy ft mmmlm'r omff'mlj I lmt'm 

'm ,-' ri' i'mm ft l mm'l t' us il "aemmi mm a, m Itt m t l' d iiiikt I lile 't'tf-.m'in g t o(m %tiumlimm "mmt is' 

Aimmik mieme i7.1M 'l~m 1mi -4 mi-mmtv lIi VIm lm'm fiii' m ii sleWmm i ti aim A1 t ' rip ; m-t'me i m mmivt1 W311 ftr itle~ 

m~~~~~~illmmmn'fmt',mmg' i i 91mm1 mm1 mimt. mimt 1011mm taisk Th l iv is:1 tmm tlr mimhiuk 1i-11chu offi 'heemrfmmt' m hiv 

CON F1 DE NTII ~L

orP1w'.~"4 Italq'. t lug'lm I s air 141 nWsirll, j~ 

I..I Imslt lilt .v"111114.1 "( ItPM' 11'.itSi'. IIW t vls tisllir *to Slite 

'4..k Ilow' men Ilw' 141.4' .4 fria icimirti.,1ir 1.4m1k. 

Rf-tvw00mv I it t 11i544ltle III a it oil,- . its vq 

Iliollsil. ;:l~ .i.' tito' Imilk oo...lnlsi'ti -.4 tllia.Ilstio.L Fewm 

vialvif K i.. lake-to ~1- 2 X III` JVM-' is "14l:11'r Cml- 

II,10iom if clva wu 6tl-immoMPlo-ote .swh fir- oiP oitrlrvi 

eff', 10 -of 'liff.'n'st I~ %w 14-.11 

timat'9.'y. Theem. it a .' ewq .22 I14d14 0 hwllnll'* at 

1 w'Aijzjl.o .4* lwi!It Iir,.. 

(."410 ShW"Ie 10sts. g. 111fl". . lliig fle-i gw04411 I1'll ri:srg. if 

m',' ',teto'sAA :* litier #If wate'r 4su"wI% I' f r. u- trartkie 

..144111-1 IN- Aloo.il I ,;jet ini 2.ivi) umil 1WImit'I1lw.4 te n- 

liw etva.uaitS~or Our d~ileivegiu iffivi ma:s % to nillw'ir WI14'. ON- Inli'S1115111 ent w lie USm in 111444 .Jowl 

4 ""1-4 fglierw.u vivoo hism-~lmi',lY l . nd'.'rrI 1'. .iýwIveot I.. 1"Pttsnt1 %itle 11Wliftt' wevilty yf...un'fni'#tm'* We'4iroio 

P"14.4reen f eww .'4rl Ic. peenm.. It .1lmatui lot- sn-itunall'nql Peuer':m 1.w:,flv mttItui Loarr" Ill" rw floe me~~d "If A-. 

th.uI In 1141411141 fet Im illim's )l'u'li trI f .'A -r iiuti'iilr. l~i~is" In.li;%' itt treat Iwill-w 11 ~flhir 4Itt 4 liltal4, 

tir v t sn.Y Ilroh h'vI r gu iral live45v IcaI- #,' ltue sin, I Iw. iiie1 i11:1 'mill'. rs t ies o'..4llterl'w..l iv ' S~i'le W 1.,. Iiutuig 

arnvm'ri 'Liii.s Slwiriirpkmn licrism'. it n-arimi'. Iii'mi- x jb. fae fi'.g.'sI 1ztIiul ewlfllt t flow 11441io'lialtl vivi'5tVf 

islirni tank. uto ltie IPigll.'S tevloru.id %11 4 1 1 coir el lisnvi '.4 Its* 

P"'~m. 1 *Iusitiot ~it". 111mw .-o~f lerm ftkv 14 I11w lmiIlm'#. 

* Partial %itsum .'iu lto dw 11w.. ii'w ne It u1.0"ll' I.-a:rrive4' :181 t1nrilt l sair5 rl~S4i'm=4ufol fis' 

I .:? 9'imip ., .4., hihIlit em ?".I ntel it~ leaus pifu 411w1'411'tn Ill fa lle415:I4 a Itt ttilIi of. ml)51i 

IliflSiol '44141111 im ltiii' a 'liiwk-' tleave ill Sill' lI.jliuiI mill ithat t ile- r~idm ug' l .4 Ifr41w Iwll1 ,tl40.1lly51 iiirl'iats-r' 

tha:t if lir ctoruingto V44..,iv .1 Ils-illet1111 'iwew' in. at5 s rigl' r v'ic pre't '4. '11W Im-st.s'w ns .. an' off tile 

memis..nL the jl.bitilepl i.4 !1w .'Ipm-k v4lav' vi4411.1 Ise l1iII.'S SIivi'Lo .. fi~t%.I tan in,.F-int iv ots emit', I.. p'ew.'mfa 

uwffm" Pnotliufir 195i'bsatl os m nt m tooo~..hi pirtcmiterm.ituvt'.SbI14mlKi OwtIiqgu'vit laoto1 She gt't'fei' 

u-istn tle -sinking vd-irity gtlisto Itiw I~ln4~tim tmif l till lit tIN' exttlt et 41( OW o-avl'.11W t'.1litlh dilaa5I*'f 

lrbm'il' V of the t 1 

4OW1 '4:444'. 1114- fi11.il..win all.1I5Yi14 11,14111 sý i44 ai ,icittiuii''f Ihie lwiltlsill r-11-i t,'' 11hip'4,tuiu"Olow 

hipt tit) isit sll,1w 414'imlultimla hV' lijihirl Ilipini" IiS II114 '44V4' lilla W'14r file .hiN.r"mlntiI tfi~tiaflll 

.'hWk eiler lert"t1lsi:iJY . io rtl l 1 S 'W41 ilervthan~uI. ' 

v4-~, Stakenil atoo awwlll 4p(ItI tisi' sI it wide' '4iIl sirc limp' 

-r O 

-. to . . 

2 it 

, 2 

'-ieuwk StlC 54 iS~lt im tium lvl ifl,41lm imi.4 le.I'diil timenlat-e ar il 

illims i'45 -14n411l in Ilid-ii. ~ 

'tuif F1 qi'jrr 12al lic-' vi'w st' lwr is t'ic (1631c #I.~rs'( Itier ;srI"Itl stee4htW 

ilit 'v-f.1-MIMI. Latift, '. il'.s fir rth'4'filli'5uS. low"l'% itl 

littl li i t# veitSl 454Sh i .lite t ti16441 sfi -of ;I f li.41 la tnk. anl 

I ilm AA fIK1'' 1140 ltt',i.414. 11'f14t114 is'S 'AZ A mul W p i11-1.l 

k nilme. It 419-11tA '44u~ft II'14 ilt' 10IMPA MIT tt Iii tIAI1t1.1e IlIW 

flr"# :iiiiiY.i,' "' rn flo'usIsII# 1114l144114 .lw4.uk 14'4I'4 

41..t :i~flf444 t-i 141 diiiriilv rubimi to ile id-i''4vij~' at 

lil.44 Ow ii ,'i . k ii liii t'.ig 44' (mlhmtoa 414444314-i4 , FII l'.4r"4S4-" ( 1 4 

111C li oi'l If it 41%v4' 44'4'' 4.l tv 4I... I'v. ' 111. 4111. : "64m f. it 

CON Fl LW '!'!A I, 

ll

iRS 7rotf'i 11. Pit k pv.P*,rp, qP, itV ",nt forp .4,111, ijpn 

of tincecinfaincnr, c uis fle vn~winty tof ani annilui'icanl,( 

wave n tie l mini.14 16 tie tnittl. 

'1W inie fnen ssAdninnm uf eqnaliwn k2) 

e~V~at~ ~3),If 

give~nn by 

dC,/t1 is of tineortlcr mno niangnittinle tof the velocity -4 

thehNonfet. ry3JM I'M and if./6 - 1/13 ka mtilt 

I -,J~I -'I+ ýoilet + or). (3) tha~t its valid foir tile callst'cn iicii thoL cN~nn'fltnlentnn nikmewribed 

in&Sevitimn 0J.1.21, p. woniln he anlotant 8tono; H~ 

in n~lninlnf anti F arm atlit.-try fnneinitIisum. rii out 2snanre incth. If a rigid n'sntaniner wall is 1wrpendicular 

poia;s wavestinnnnf app~lim woi. us t colow~tionn (3) ninny too the platno of the wave frvont, the wave will be ntbe 

replaced Ey ClItrititmn (1) lierteni Wock alibng the path by Wicnid it come, and 

ntnrnnp wlitiannsA tile injilnku AmId reflhxfolen Waves wiln 

- ) (4) t~nonli toI to give at pre-woinre tniwie thnat jois~t ststed. 

1Fr -i).(4 n1patinni (11) indnic~ates that for Chestn v'aueL 46 

p t an iis 

Itiwel ha knwn f~rim-hatyser tlepri~sre and r the lirewiire:nt tine wall of tile vitintaincn4r is pro- 

n dl given that for Mihitet i to (5). e 

rtionatl too ai and) hence to the cubli roost tof tine niam 

p atatn~ i gi~n~nby pont 's~nantnnn 5),of thne tooliet. Elott itntinn (1ii. Inowevter. ninic' mot .1msw 

p + - I~ )E. ~ 

(r a,,than. 

t) 

winy tine lny~nrveticwity ralibner .22 lonilet,. fired ant a 

velocity of L.)OW iti 'were so much intore dnmangisug 

the enatinew .1 nMVro fir.'nI at 2.;Mt (pa. The efnl. 

utinen R'is tile clanatie modululs of thne litiInid. By coin- enlantt~l pris..nre in thle fisninr cu-e was only 0 pner 

lining cluiantional (4) andi (5), thne pnre.'nre many be 

ex~preslci by equnation (6i), %%hnere p 6 the dlensity. 

cennt grtonter thnani ian the latter. 

P o ii . 

,k* 

Tsn.%oV ' Vat orMO o%. 

~Antother fentunre (,f the enpeinients described in 

In th tm r~e sperial loslvt hatsuden 

In tie hec'~eni sjhn'rralinnlnttiant's~nnlnl 

inntaniinisAn the rater. Ilic lnrno'snre 

(7). 

tin e fon'roinng ft-ctions ins tha~t whien as bullet, is firedl 

innto wastr thecre is a very 6lre traunsfer of momentsi 

if tine water? ins free to nmoive. r7hinmu in the cinoe of thne* 

experimeunts wnithn the biallistic penndulnum tine mnuomes 

* 

lon-Kinnun I, nnie-nraeu 

at a radiusnnai s given toy C4111:ntnnn1 

1' -*r (7) tliln lon ininparteni to tine penduumihi in tine direction atf 

flighnt of tine bullet wans fronm 13 to 19 tinies tine orig. 

Ins oenter to obtatin tine nrvn,nnre at a Liter tinme 9 ant a inanl nuiinnentunm of tine buillet. D'acauane of the lair of 

radniunsP, equatiirn (4) maiy lIse differenitianted with re- eonmnervantitnn of niononentunon. the anmounnt of nuomes- 

.jpect, to time anti tneut evanlniated for I - 0 to give tine limi I's imnpartead to tine Watter in tine oppmnusle direevc~ocity 

of parnticle% at raidiuns ain md fortI - (r -el/c tinnn innint have bet-n equnal to Ps he'.v tine original 

to give #hne veltcity- of the panrticles :nt ratlinis r. 1'.e nonsinctinlinni of tine billet. 

ne,.ulting eacpre'sioiis are given by cninnnt innin (8) annd Sun-In an Lime Iraiinsfr of miorunentunnin, altltinuigh it is 

mont freentenindty cticoknintcrcnl. is mincrdy a 'slineianl capo 

( r 

(dei A 

dlý 

a 

f 

( - 

) 

)i( 

iC af Kennerni rekt iomn uini tip (Nant nm ay I x. expnv.suucd itn the 

ftinlltowinig leo-.Silo~ ian anaL-.. in havuiing a 

lorily r slnitdttsaeits inunsinnittinn With two 

-I ; olicr ina'-.Frtwnniphiuivit nonn tnntiiaw i iun snpploie 

ulsinicin il licin nnninhinineq naith(lnn sntiiatimi- (6) alnot (7) 

giveopilnanlinn (10) finer tine prc :net randitn.r. 

/ ,\ 

i1nany tx- nks-ia'esIl liv .1/. Vro thINa~,ike nit gunvna~iit'u. 

t,1111114-4' 111A 0111y I fln:ntjni4nn M o1'fnine nOrigiunAi Linetie 

eiiev~vto(fli fi- lA 6,n1y isn cnin-wrvemI zas ub.srvalble 

~~kinietic c'ivinun, tile retnu'ndunnnr Icilig comivertoni into 

P.- Orr (10 lia ;ins inns ra in iter. iI w t sfI lie k ini it in- vieW e rgyIst It. c 

IlisI InIsuv. P nuiill*i rn:I'I'sil11 dkis s,mn-.vt %n colas ob-en-vaube 

'lIne ir.,monre at tine %ial iiins th cs nuintl iniir suf raniinn i.-in kiivii nnienzy inn thue tmin nsacu.11, tine remanindner 

6, bitn the pulsercanlncs ii, is givcin I~ livstiz~i iiin 0(1). I ssitsg snmnnvaten' mitt, haL 

CO' NF I D LAT I AL

'11 ý as ,1oail" "nsifs.. lo*-6 In-Ia- 41ror ra ti A larlv ý s oatmili- qvrr 

that i-v O..~tw3t althe .nfibwet" Al"ote 

Jlt~~~ - ~~~ - - (I tor smt l l. Ie.n o it'tlarmilmolg lot Stims : hII*Nt V 4 '.I it 

II 2r 2lw hem i a~ Ataig i, toh, tic 11 t 1',t: 11iii.e-I tm it 1pmU.Jai . 

'-os n-,l G- uritlriatliil iop + 

C-ls l owtr 021itl~ .1t. 03teg1e ow 1 r .- 

4 t t.4.41ra i t- it.. :4H 11.1..:114- MAIt6. biti 3111 .t 14rl. ivittihir :o t t* iiii n wior 

u"to.er,,.-1 em 1. . :mii.,rw 0l In if t sooso K~t le~~iv . in t (4osie. i, p, il~le inI .1 lit'.,ten eel eig ..t'vin 1eow scnyE , tlt v i~t theUt'W of 

iiigtittit.ti ititti tisiet~ti 2. t'Imiitii .:2 'tivel lin% tbe'licit n-fee-1. I t t ie n haie itlv uthies, N t n. ais 

Tin.3 'RAilt)R11 i'40ii%4 1 u T1f% p-IlI~ k- *~r. IsIlw,. i a n ai l tite. li't iv e'enectthn o t-1 e. Tb.'l .ini.. areM 

toh r a i mou ,4r t4 - . I.aiii ar 2e. 1 il r Volttt t41116 

at Sit If h i' -411111 I k "V'ltlostIV M 

I sr" tis IlIfeltan ".naur o(folzIiti~i p l ill) llt.d a.i. - fr-i'"0 1 'l r ih 

e.-a nc.I tota rth .6miiw'top 1`141141111".11A 114:1 ien Imiltj. "Ier Ai, u It~ siel t l ;SI, tit~it :ttl i-t- A.' o tfhre lo, ine., it 

;& Ie4'~f .1...It k-Ife~e.. . ji t.*,. l .41% .M. ..... r ... ,. It.-rturapl :g a i' tlineae ' ill 'lite it ttt n I". elw lqr i 4niflle 

uph 

i-191- 2. cit~e wil ale I n infie:~e lli-ivla ttl.ivdr tofl off. a.' Il 

e l- u,.e..-tfontnrv olti 

,ell . iior"Mt 'ek b m.i C' e't :1 fi cie.. an', llt Ills44x i "j~. lt pnfftii,, 11;1ee ie iS hc ~lef te 

itli, It.y tCirt ,I.i nw , eio le'e"Isvir it wcl~lo al~ .% etr Lart 46f 141~r110PP 311 I 6fil? I't~le 

1 

. i ;w MN~I411 I I..tI lr' w4th 11. 

-1" infinit.. r.e.. : im mint * its i liniiia ,m , 

and. dlell'..etelw li ~m al itflld Fr 

I.~ Illtlci, -. I ee't-teu veryel 4-:IC nISCIl1 t-nt 

offl~l~. 

exeMllO' 

eC,8111 11:10 01 ~f -b''.t io lelt v o~li. let A let i I Y. I-e liiol(..1w ul r 

940 ooltilt Ninr I, tor-s is Foocue I 

w 11vok Foor"

1N ?UI;'L ~fVW4I S~f~m*Al%#VejTltZ 

CS 

I- 

II WJ 

A .0 

fm 904 latt 

llrm of do wt- 

'. .194t t" .*to 0 . 

(wo~ $.=-Ha .utdb " tt I5S*. C.S *.# -t t .$"Ill S.4p..%.0 - -, . It 164's *4 .4.I ose. *d * 

lb itet A~ tuft *y 

r 

4V 1 W m_.. :I.41 ~~S @ttlt*~~ , .' S.*I.I .4.~~ 54@.I4*s 

- t. tt fltM t fltt WA**ttst **Ci. 

iq~.*t.# eI~t *tfttt s~ti ~t.,ttISMt 1 

~tit 1t-7 11td. Is 1. * bItt.t tsdit *S 

I~tud * t t~t 4* 4t. ssc ~s. .t.s~v t.g 1tbttp VtttS 

so4t*..,,., ... t4 .qt et.s -ta*td ~. 0-s,* Iat~ .t.ae e~~yI 

"r. 15tow. t1 tttIi s.,.*a. 1." flw..f atf't -t-t.. It., It OSey..m., No 

£unctg TN A 

I1 TwALo 

CAMS

f..nil.. ill 111w 9Ha...nI' i j.I'lfi~rI' Uell 

if .4* -lefle- 1uihe.. fill- Cte'iiwiliile .'Y -'t n4iti..q, '4 dw. 

14.6itr ,,,,,tenuI- awl a Il-a.. ~al~e IqIaetq I aln.I 2. If ~1 

a i. wjvaq, tfn' vsher 1.3 if.. I114.lMum. 6~W14141.1 in itq.. 

vallwm a Ivr r-fetaeqlemioti. Tleu..w Iiaw i..n,.ei. l 

Itr-44I rife'4t m4V 64 the. , MI' f~r~~4 l Oft.Ihtwq. 

NeetlarS en.ft. o4te.. 

le'.i-4it,. .ver a 

vren wWue raner~ artilaoit e4,Isiullg R, leg fw.. (.w a 

S SIw Nov W law 1 li valfll ltflhlW H l ofw FA'~ t I i. 1 1, C. 1r * . W .m la .. 4 as 0 

hee' tin' faena ,44r.;utimeu J1611 awip 14 It.. w~e,, i' iI... r~ l'l.n.w 

Thffemeapm ea Not N~waltww 

MJWY 

pief.re-flr vik alig-h ..,TreIli lle'1. net .of'I jell. 6i Ie.t i eg-I in. r;ltrekh I.mi Ise ti*4- I'mae~~ 

pog uith antowr platew issitibeeer %-mnl.. 4 -teil atlo Imei wr.+"ii". fail ni-vift9 9 

' w 

.e-4 has 

preim-,*itikw f dOw m4Y1ffiiv 4thr ine.4.V9iJ for .. ~ leg,. .m.Iei f1,e0-1.,..e.. I- iao in~dW wr iml6leib 

lie import. the.i promtlaiset io li.Jrwa-,ilk t',lleeei. 

Th'em ga a ritellty1 w9I 

t414 lmijetle-. *lelew.14 1,t.% I l.,MATWR,JU 11-0& -lU 

4 ir in emnan..e. twir-t." ilitt eat %ww~l.' 

wel li.. ~e. 

vrryr high weerql~ml... elf4-meinl~fese .4 if1w l..Ille- i. fill' ii...9 -iepa,- ( ge~eIi.-ilvqte. Ifi efawu. 

ingepieelaeel. Kxmilegttwt I.... -I."n' Oce Cet lii. iesheu its t..e ime.eett elo Idll,~..I.Ijjt. iisiI if-. PWW4aflUa Veer.. 

Piseecl i.. falýe. 71w i. e.lf.I Ieselia ealifmi v far ..i fl,.or *it e~ nwreIetlI~.em.P.1w. eeawV 

wr .4 hapirrieieailtv in answer ;wnteeovf.ifiis ipt,. th.1A.tn....ei:l. %I,. lug loi " A-tq.. :5 leewfi. 

n.9th in aveiejlinig the. -hlwter .4 wIf" Oneii.(e. littl eI.elea.. 

4.lt"Ittlee tpvwar kno lure, taccee in fill-. lirievtiee~a 1I lo-veee Ol.'ewi.a..ae,4t 

fist-te .10-.$ Imlu't 

. 1wJm a 

the' aeilieivin .4 reeIee. JIMel. nawl tl.111w Juifl. whIrl, 

Mal tin intiiultie'eila t1w- t'we itst.. Ow aniswe agileeorn ,1 I'rol..iem ,ema bil- 

4wieter. *. +Tg6 

1w rippmer If;, whaich let,%'.. 4-ii e-aIIe MI .Ite4 lmey"r 

file aNMiI loK. !0114. it 11m160le. in ae Iee,".(" oft .~.p~w e. 

anneat (llrigo4l haloeerha-.. 2-101 25 3. ille..'. % lowl, it 

ha 1 A nrk at a veerit. 1.eeI )ti i.I e"Ar 11( .I. 

II i. i.., 1 ....et, 

It iutf... I .1.1 fv . 

.e ~.e.mP.1.~e 

.e I01eir I,., fi, 

it.. ..-Iartitr fi.. "1-4.4 ittevei-w. 

.eIim llwe ~ic. *: I~. t~lra 

1e tI. w I-I ,,t-refl An.w.S 1'. Ad' 

Nv%. N tho I.]-. if i. 1w41 eb. I-- ntak* 

.4 UIn i I4rpti' owit Ile iti ,ntial -T 1w. *jretIi. I...I r,. M ep. e e.,IV*.,rtlt 

. 

ne ilenelee t. JrI."-'.ggw 

Iw.-qe r.. 1 .ni.ael" %jilt l, in.~wII1.Ee. I:nIw1 '10-.*,It, 0"14-11., It .,r ,t .1,,evmiM.et? ( 

.ilitc-srllifl 

" i- 111.ee .te"- .iieeel.ir olr-4-lw,4 i~l vo.,I, ,..I~, ii n-,.*, t -.. Ieem.e -m~ -t#.1 .in". 

wAlip lewt 11w enpu n. .et-nlvv 1lef. .nee.it' 6Y. 11.4",. gi.1tw Nit- elIe" -te Ie'.I It. re.11ka t1e. pldrt. Iha 

awl 11A1. ee4 pi-. 4 euitel lee Owelete.. I.Ale.. 1110 ."".-I mai., e. I..- etele .W .e *- '..I tvf .4 innie. 

,*teeiesple* elleeer..ieiI- feto c i 14.1 ed e,-1 4 .64.e if .1 e -- li.0ie i~t, I,,t... It, I 1% -.. - t i.44. 

,eaIV ekw-agnc 

x.. 11Iitle1 I.~e't.% ~ 

t1:iew'eik .peeitt 

t'eelt't 

Ieit .4 tir- 

,.1 '.,OT,.r- ill 

1 9 1.4(~eeJ 

r.......,.., I'he mI, - 

id,*j V-.1 te~ilie..' Pee.' 

Ie- Iie. l,, 1en nova-e ineIe'i 

.-.. e.esurei %jilt ai 1i',tic.Ie-i eteiel. iha I.,. , It.rea 

e.1, -itt eii. leeceef hateige'- I~l ti-t Iii-e I," 6e(-rn.I in * ,,,,,, , Tlt 1 t.t..l..... 

la - Io.. va~ele~iwt- ep~q~ie.e .eeem. I.~e ie .et.,- 1.-1 .i4 1N--.... 2. I'tI. 

. 

cf), vi : vn\ I 

I

If44 1141-i noteIl I.$3,314.- Iw lo .. 1#0oIf(ett I:c'u.rm I qr- Ic*. I vf % 44I, allf.ggg' 14w "ill~'' IIi 

:1 . 

I.- n i.l. I 

I w- a i niol,3 I 4 .1'.." ,:I' it I;I I .'i;,I 14.011. IN -I 1 U-. 4 633 .0' 1 i I3 ogm~UI *3i1 ,.101. it,,.3 *to$III I Ie a- -33 ito Ia$ I fi4irti. 

a 136ititi43333. lk's'.' 315:3 v I' '..3 ..t.. flie-e' -Hi, *36% l.4 4-11011-6 - 141I1.4 I In- M10-61 It.~ -ulfvw Isr~a.&& (A'q 11W 

this nsimwer at Itild. J.1hi61stior. 2. It i. ad"? lW3i4 4 ' i4.i. wf,,uli' 10 II.. 

illg ztriH',. Ilim33liothti felt#- ... ,,flie'613 

s,. .!IV it. ae lmi-h% ,I.a,33iv. :11t- ti11ism~f 

164"'I5'3r. *v.3 

1 3Ii' 4 list- ril.Ite'3 I-.. 

)NNL3 W.*3f411113, diaN'".". to i. .4-4tv it- 1tsv3is3'1Iu ill voI*.4..'16 i. -, Il35 [1." i. (:41-4' (r'.os el l. sal- 

~ai.4 tj#'i. 

Swig- f3,33,.. I*t . itit' 4.1 i 4s14.I~ 11:11 i .~ I. ic :314' IN .Jlen . '. mbwai.'.v 

000. ft'ea frpUi41D11 43sil r o lhr 

*I.ita.&. iIw4't.31'.ta 1:1.4'116. 

r3ai. 1P.4 33'Vri'f 

1 

a"3~i. Iw- WAN . ', :.etsj.Iv JA l,'3...,- r..if rp"i.:6 6vao 5e - A 6, ,tn Orl 

6 I,'~ ,:6,,:1 ~ ~ .. Isig I loi' L4~~..- I ar s..1i *h,, niwt? I.,3r3331. IN. 91 34-iti ,ti,1i6 4l 301 thtf 134'.6 jocinl "ill 

1IH. 

asiel 3 ll,.3dwg.6 u - 

-# i. *'to 6%0 11,j'1 erI Iis ft 

rlt'-6 ni I. '11w' IN-# *,s:,6,'ri:.l I,..16ti. ti. to~ crd i':aI %awt. ,fepl (.sil it- poi'rn'P tlw 

If,, tripw-.- " 6 3Ii-taI ltý ,:.r I I.4, 1.'. W.Ih3'. ~I~lt'3- :36 A 513, 's Vi'w6 aIN Otifnil nn ill !W. 

Tee Ill .1614'. Ilti. 111:33'?:14 ia "l 11 4l 11M'4",. to3i 14 . 33"* :1'14sio3'31. 

I~l -1 lad ,41.3. I01! i'.* ti' v leiumvin . it - ijew-t 3:36 4'3. i r.3'f. %Il -of llm'-r 3.w,'331 43,' . to it6". (.If*# thai it (.or a 

v11i"' :3l le-Or43 tir~tiv, lp,%*" .343 e1' .'istiiSiC '13m us.' n43t 4'ifiw :ittgu S a. it i. 1l 361 Il"l'.'O11 Ow hi'inir41' 

iiI:,611 asn- .,aw4 so I$# Nse-her it a boommiim.bI. goevPoes. 

:1, 113('34 i wt 33113.33 wl #4, 11,.3 #.-. ft,* orill, -IIij"*4 . m 

* oi a" 11 Alft f''ine $r33ill jp,, evi !A# lthi,L r' iti 0#w44.. 

t'h3"331k iff313 --tI~3I3 Ia' te;'iI.vtI1 ;S01,4i sea a 

folvIc'-t 4333 l o- i '.tI. :,i I ~ 14 .1 34 a :lfl rt't 

0.1 tt3.lln,3,nss tofiil, .. ,g* 44zg 4~.eI.4013cg ~(1 M.tf'13 a 

:s 'V*.3N4 relfttt m 1,3 it. 3l 333s Ov'.. Me, "A,' 0will 113433'on l,'3' fill moso431if1ivi ill -ait$ i, . *I'.1-'.illaI in ('Ii1a1pler 

wt13 et, 3ik . . 1134' i63 Ii.'a6 it',,. arg- thlat ifol 63,., e 'i31 ~ i : !!$ Il.?3 33 :1 *1-if'ifft, *( .611C' 13341413311.1 ill to 111i mi4Wtle feet a 

1upji'ili ~l.Isfa''ue ,:Jiam t4W ani .131, 11w' -ntime, tap-ml3 loselvin p A -a O4n Iw 'i I ImEluqer 31 

CONVI)FA I %1

LA 

(d4M ow tHI)IO. 

CON FIENTI %

E 

m~tti 1w tt 4 

1 

IimsumvritNor 01. DE GU(III N BORES 

4it gats 1witfistE atritt~ vvera-ll s4 flm. land-. 4 it won Itait hall 

Iraish' ,fr.11tvi 1 .' tl ight 44 us.' 1ws.jm'.'tih'. it Sama- that twoff ,lpfu,',rier i gn-iors' thitu,., thput a4 mowi pm;a 

.,rIl. ,i'.t"'4.a vloIon"+sq4 s'qtl i 1'5'ýit"-, l ,, -aiii to( a4 4nilar n-tilt % tsi m nl u.tls (Nfile' ignsY5invt.. We % 

Owe Om rW.,I r'sN.4.. at 11-.*h 1"16~i #t'n-I,'I ' itoat. mss- p~.#s.D~.n ii s, pw laeu. i''1m 

.4 onifiguIissg, milf"tI~tillinsg la~''te v l~r gf--s'ssw . 

'flu. ilos.rtuslit jg,- . ter.sssi...s .ae.siesi woin. 

n-.gws-t-tik-riv 

'I!... ers'.'os Oda Waitl ip ss.t fi..d(.Onss Aviwg it-. length 

nisill n=-u14.1 is& ' -if"..-.l .-ff.in-I .4 ip.. em'nuliig L411 i.* IN. usirtsi' ill 11s. 14. fOitt .4 fil s' it'til 44 rntlillg in 

ougi an ist' l.imi.~i tnrsns ,ult.vis.si mei..sn- toll will.. :41s1iti js. h..0-.6ilil :61-0h..ii i 1114 n'Xi.011t. thle 

onsw'tt. .4 later .Iisi'to'.sn..#q *toil nut.,n Vii~l rI eis:,iissssu i1111SIrz, itn manY its su.Ittt% imri's-oislav t w..ifn'lait s,'l, 

twilt .4 kh ,~r 4414mv, M.."' fsi euisr~~Iffs..'i. .4 gun, flitil v-.4.it-ii-. flw bwi.?t' tylo ut v""1.1 fil rudi S 

s't~W4 a ishe AI . i.'qrsil 6f ini ( suspirt M2 

1FqW life jursli .4 f lii" Annuttas' 'rs7dsssss-I lIt,. 

gulil. fieten" "joins. e'gvsi.sn.i" a- i ffiss i It. ii'gslimi 

miwgvil .vw,n fits. Lit tr or' t.~Ilt jwtit..'is ,i'.. mi . Xt. 6i 

sh...rilt.I i ilvot-fssl in At, ti-lov,. Ill 1.2 andIf.i 1. 3.. file 

.' 4 titi e.i.-.i..s ,,_4_~~r- *, itu.r 11 ,,itais.p #tiff Iti 

rlwoevsss in filte divwiss.q4m-. ;I- A n-'silt .4t ow~nt~il fir. inissuith' p'ts"ont iti mtoo.' c's'-t int-n-oo tswusni the 

iitn ii tolw fIW Astsg= ill1t1t rhutSVI9ss'4 1111- ' 1014Vw Pt4JA SIutu'. -i 116% it 6 W-SAUV ally s'uit s'I "fivi. r~i'ulimi 

. 

j 

..VAI iIui6 that Itml. ts. throw. ..huaa'it int sjuwstio-ipmsg. auvlNwt b ivimoh .Nmio owir'lo ;s u sioli~tmor 'tsiiml Be.. 

14wla *'A-11ifi~ss *4tus ild .. ii-l'st' fi- iflI..sa ' lsintm'~vr 1weri thetist then- fi' ti'ptvitftI* v~tts. it rt'V60ss oi'tl'ttj 

Wos til uilidi ,l,.tsI at "lght tl..wo 44 Kit" ss11'tu1t in' flee. mrlso..'' l..sg it Item.I lit-' IN..'m 6 ri. .'.wsstnsl. 1 oIit hh 6i 

IW'sloompornm .49 aI hteivnstuIt' :lti'ss-s Li's' er .'t%,' irts. Ao si- p.'iiuslli' autrnlmsitr( is. s'i.pg. 'imr. ithat 6i. tile .It,,.stt 

tid imlooy o rist wsinI. It oitspll- al.-. W1641%, it A1ti gassgsothi .~ 4 m~aster~ia In..,, fill- n'stutinot lsiawl I.( tlst tIfb 

'Alm. ontw'ti..nmi rhwsssc- is, .im,. qIiansvivr sir a hali,'I. rs'e. 'list. gshw'nswstt'sssss it. .c'rissI tss''lt ins Aredami 

%two mo...lt.' O ffrvi1 .ff, .4tl -usif'hussg-st 4"1 Vot ,u't. thiff 10. 

lsitnmit,. In i ntsjin neo t' Ar $fitoill t mINOI 01VNi4 atnd 

In ass''as.1 fl in'Iwo " ar cou'rii -1O -,.s~tl 0#1unt .'oii. ifnh4-ts thile (.rimllf5' Iluiiflo AImw 1w.,) 4w thire 

itool1. lWsss'-.. ohso itimoe Oft- .' ti'.It. lin: t 

A 'wtsi. titots ioi-Awi u m-iit itslieiti' issr: s.rtif Ma ot,0 ,.. 'aa.Alfndl 

101.1 ..tsul lit. 1. ..ssitl.- "th t sgrn .1 3111.- ss~ -M1tless ~ i.,h ls-is51 , ;srI.'u. 1 v'i NMIs, I n'.-i'is F'igasn I 

n-lvi-y 11"t. tIr'tltt p5-.i-sn- s ;is'.s'l is, 4".h it.. t ifeS~. atitmi.4 ;i ti~lverruiitt t~t~iHs N;Irvut.:Issg th 

a isnru~.s~s.'wit.' thatu ill. if io.-'-t~s.isms auth hu-rt'fir ithe . 7.it. Igats. T2. X-t.2. liii' .urign ms'rs'.s 

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mosrfusrr maeiut.s'su I us I04-i 'hug C Oil titt.'. fitt-.p.s stih, itt lllb,. 

pss'tj-sstur jsi.sifi.lm iti,mg fits'll.- s.. hut'. sc. -1fral t4 

lIcrjtu. si wj u... .s...gzl. as 

trust it, stir iisu,.- i...sciluv-sa pr 

its *lriss,'..n'it- thait AI. %ill lovi.e -It-rs -1r t-4.,filial. lo116 aftint N. 1,81. 

lol *ifi,.itl.- .17,-t Kims sil-. r~ tillitst's. 4mit i -~uti ;5 usjif I it itiviso T lsi. -it ii 5 5 5. w.t alitust. 61`441s. 

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114 of 31*1tm- 1-Pliarellif Pael. 

ays intihds a .t;.nr i iarw'tlitntt 

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WA j.Si~ s S'tatr~wit (*Intl 

nitits lisittsit ~f ~t.'prsls~t~inttt 

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Ito mite .,r m aet r ~A i sal, (lit' ivtstsesi. IAf rillt'K (ttr -1sn .aI Naval,. Piiigs lt, r,'ser.Al l tic *Itdtn c t l'r AirI lie hitim is 

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toI sk-irin~ tmltsind itsr jvi.iltt (ssrnim in A : 11nt i itrm Oa'~-.re f \Ir s.the :, 

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v~nt .4the ~u~iphn'.Navy -0, raftow" with Owwrote Isorsttm JA~.m fri't irywos 

SL-.Ak lit.;in auimoifCtxsie 

to 

Its. h..ivits ,'t wittirt tri,pht*,a the' #solve pri~flh' sit :t on In go i i r . 1,nil rr'-tt.ilt i- grettif'Y thamn porointe prot 

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u'iti' Xylt"Ii'.i". l'itti"t nottigi' nitita t'" 0 1911 '.6 i tzit.ts.I 151 Ir," . lb.s iit, iterur . ii% 1 

its 1- oifsl'ra'ta ,ua int hut'- isa ndi t 

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. 26 

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I, 

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3441. Al.-SL J 17.1 41.1111 -11 

*inweA.11 128 . 2) 11-341 

* ? .- 4.w M.. e.N.'1 N. Ie..ekw 4:n.-.L. 

T1 w. imbm talC. %Avslsompo- b6 m i Uukxaii Vam. o ~m om U 31kv-h upsoosil sw. 6 

wlztteul ft iiiuule 111h 

'lkl*v. it iAst.%1,eln~q lot rnn'lr tha:n, fip. heu..zsmtal vruswine. 

thise ~iowi-le~r rIhnvrz,. uhichie-luenlies:rili- its imwn-smw4l to 

iwte"eT4' thme ve~lowitv. li16i 113 IWIVlees.411 ff1411 tile filr 

flint thmere wa.- little' dljtre-re'e in #tlee emIMI so( a 

434nm. Iutrrel e mumizzle vs-le..*ity 3I.1 p.30 nIeci aoi q l 

in. lkedm-l 4tsaumzlp velomitv 4 .311 fit.) witers tim~l with 

~EM..e 1for r O:,6f eto~ 

(ettsxlo Per.nn 

usPrfras 

4mo 

almoset tile satuv vitargr 111 M 5l4t grant) 4tlostel~neei A- hap lovier 'nni. ml. .w i i eeshotn m-m mmrv'es 

lmuee.4VNtlMI. ) loss"ix~er an.1d r--~-rm pnoicv* thip r~n arL artrt~ ut P To m ineu " oigA 

tile,. in tile c-aliber..'.541 e'ni-i.m.eI-Ie"l Kielg n. 'Iles' rajte te-. 'feta.'iiete-rve'Ilci1. Neit 11CM' will lop e' s~ r- 

.01 lneed m'rw..m a* 11.5 in. (ristlo 1114.cerilin 44 tifltlce 

.4 the cmnler .42K) X Il0-6 in. Iles wroonewl.l? 

Wass :eteil fetr imearlste" .4 di41'sisl 

'ImIe elee'n',ew' in squinti i. 11111' in a lage~'N eummofl to 

Axslk. (n~e. lime -eze' so( fip, pjvtle~r ecloarge.. ,'n.4We 1,e s-. in i,,1,3'4 ve'looity ithat a4omietUiPli" leeK.i 

qte'u'moloil los 21eif-C tletvlt-14 lloewle'e'ueýeql. :esoeri'- erswaem. Stwhl at losses to. ProKlwve4w. is*. MIte loring 

fekeee'wl 1ev tile fart theat oliffe-re't meoir.ull:,uss. finqd in pi-ieeer in Itime e'nrly v pitlce- of Kwini" thens in Iloil let.,' 

the raliloee'.M~~s'ene'tnge jamat flipi P.nen- tooeezule' ma:gze. A Ihpi'nl cre'ene shoewineg lisp var'iation to the 

v'elwity (3.3130 t ± ) fpj.) mve diuffereut e'romeiem e~eistizzev~e'ltwei' v with. fle neeuvleefn.,isf o ed.- srorve'rau 

rateo...l, '17116 eAaieje'et i6 elnalt Witli in (lul'plrv V.. MW-111111 polls" is. gIivit ill FIgern 4. 

I''lNA. 11cc' tie 11mI ifilspotlar't e'fcrt 111esrizill e'eueiun 

As.~ ~ ofjve.on*f ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~o enmnetr i eel' iou'ily 6 that tisp' 1iverfije'e'tik' is ee~ca ms.. 

Otiriin my-'nn 6s VeSum1alvy mst simieelarly' '-. tims'tri. 

ily ll:1s.ve. jeerwartl eluneolt~m diearly -:g'.. m 

thiat iss. tlew sAtrting lors-.'""' 11. itn elstesifIM(.U)1-a 

c'al. althemmigh a~vinme'trY 14 e-rifrin e'rw4in 6' ,.nlie,:arily. 

k's.. titaen 1l4:11Is 141124 proale e-'.sne. It 6im. eeleiv ele'g'Iesrl 

in thme ejeecrise. to( .inir gemeii by tie' ,liffe'mre'ee 

mido (31)1 4% ('laliter'r : i.4 Irmo. titan feit a n.ew hmore. AS 

:I n'..elt. ills- rntle'e to( bmiaage4o the' sloitwelrits. ehnangd 

in moee'l m viinr tieee time avmceer pm-,e4trr' olev'ltope'dS 

Istwtwe'.t,'s. 1wrize etail''joel -ve-ri ino-a or an~e cd oever? ilme' le',eth id till- leeso is Ie'ss. with a mo.n,.e'gim.'te 

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Inn'etelry immitireml in Serviei gems. Tle' wriler hao, lisneje'e'ileis. ioraemjeee'l frtelorr. firwaenl than cemtoiatlly. 

o~eelrvest thlat ints flip viceajeily .4( rm-~ e~m s~sl in 1 l1410 n'.11iwnK is 111w ,leeimsdle lorr-r",. 

4.7-ia. T2. Nme 3 0'411 0.4116f7il 0.0110 0,n27 

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x mwit 

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.. I~ * f hw a* .- -w m '11s 1.1m n (i

ImNe414'r game. 1:4eticmI 11. 1.11. 1i1.. ile"rsees 41.4. '(Lae&an Gomegi 

1-f lit-ie.Or i .sn. rfae.e filrilsor aqmevnofiereti flii ervo-..c.. '111.* roifatc-. erss-i'see cc( W~ells- an-I grcsovlem at the 

fl." e 110.1 aseel :,1c jcnm-Se, tlu iee seult'irablh 4 ffi,+t onse eeeeizzle. ciffle.r. gc.etIrl (re., f~l at a, i.l eceivit It Is(.. 

l.111eofiti' from%% scre l".a:ti" jugsc till- ic:Irsp ISMc., fling. Mt If" 111121% Oc m-zc.itin l ist- iner1mp- in Maiiuc~,r 

.iwt.eis aW apwm' thell"hiusbe . stesetaUl. -.e., .4 the. messbreb c at inthe. 

"rs'I"n- 1ccce..inorne't-4-e it, Arteaure,e~e :weelose the 

gpuse"oep ime #of OWe, ,Kcii.. Mcerer 4i ceagttift ic. 111t WtIN" 

l1"iff.i~cre'awc ei mc~te :,c111-1 c-e. floor latest-e io nIafitveiv 

%It ULF.~ FRiOS4ION 6Wg. Pay~ cif tIle. icc-e.., to( I()- cr Ito - in.. 11w imwrv 

P4%"NeiigiWncmW .c:,e 11.4. grNucVe.cc i ill nie gr-alter 

Ilean 10t 1 in. It i'. -..c4eimeswie n-Wijtiss .. Octinlg pie. 

Tow hvtyfwc:,sev- .4 mee"c4"cie~-~. hap al"'.H :i cte~ 111:1, tooF 44ce 1m ("No~r t'.. *thow netz;L Fmcnel. TWeOK 

Irin-nt iv~iol' its nnenee vei:ale. . ie. corengil crfls-eci'- " #11.wc erii., "1cieu 1t ti. loolcule. iss poraret iedai 1necligilsie. 

.6mite.. ill :all w~ill-. muzzale* enr.'i-eces swvltcivo ill ""tiee 'l'luc-ion-t~~ s. inii..e c4re-iicee oiieeielriil- rpest.. tee los~s MLie 

geee~ trli-uirr lu".s4ci n1:etivie *v Imigis ie~iizzli. V ct- 611J~e.ie.lc...t~eeet~.. ea .ece t, .v Trallivi 

licei~ty. 114eA kindciet( evrv.-isee ha,, nil it#,~ .e.e1me 1% Iail 5. 

1i.'cr;"1911iv ap stcin s e~r~s-icc. Ele. hm- n ý e tAier thi. ice 

tlilst til 111c-4 5i-~tatnvo~ it i6 ntei neiarly ccc e,tnipic.e..ise Tcsccj 4. I.ýcc"I crc it. e " . cscsczat.i...secscrjc~ 

winlum Im-aonsi44-mlto(eq~vul hae 

a ry inque c1,5.cest. it anyi. Mmccenevr. it smie~dlc tit I )i%-. 

".Ine I. %Vicw". 1finltirn,. gosui 'va.. tilt- acjerflieveloit ean(*~ 

-is, uccwc'.1 'eiet.,n-tintw.e 

icie.**ti- (lucy* 

take"i cat sqicr ov sermr Ithp 

Ii K-iecct int.. tloat notizceu e-rs-h.e utuglt We4l 

linlit flet lit.. of a gstil firingt at a ueeezze- vieicwjty ii 19Lcsn 

c... 

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n ~c. ~ 

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M~nWmp4Iri. 7-o IA2 

In netrk itic have. a hcaclv et( kavoeiwleslgec 11icat Weoetli 17-c1e1, N13 

orarify thi-escitcsaftim usui locritafcc laceist tee pgatic..cisle 19mtiecc Ncil 

Il1 3 

33 

7 

312 

1101 6-111 

.0 110tlS .00461 

11011A 0.003 

toaps to eliminae:tin~g tttezzkc eseseeciem. a smsireiy n. 

C.ei-teng jnuctccncaticenl irast cInac. Ficligincingt cIN.- 

,:i-n'm NT2KANI .42 811 0.X14 000 0 

mpe.e 12-i"i. M Icttt W.43 up 7 fINAt 1LI11 

rm in-ir a ropciI..e~ttinnw ctl peiton-iwc.y .eti~ii.ee .--- . . . 

(14t: at tic. Naval Prciming Croceceue %va. emiagh. T1 ren 

a caretftai ,tucly ita,, suz:,ei se tie. Imir ..erf-see. eit flu: 

nisulp mc.et-tiom- cit eu..' trpiteaik crs..iicci gun..: a 

.57-mus, Ariiu loan. ite Swill. Isrinv gisn. andi a I I-n. 

T~wsicz. l~cccclcet.cs.c.c tocw cet~i.si.cceceamt 

icltig gent.o eec- cisc.. -cccc-l inea.c 6. Iarrsi a.. ims-ti 

mf.eaI by n~.esreie. ave-stocgc. Norr.I60.".1cfor with to 

feor p.ensige.s. Nf-,cicnsmcirevno. itak-n we iw %vv nw th~relt 

\aval K~ine liner. 'Ilice "dip.lt-' eepi..rtevd tilt- eini...c~s c~~h ae. - 

-wion. te~ntativc4v ontotRsI in tl-i e-arlie'r micrvey.r. flint 

the. nu.imha..i~e4 c nitezzlepic'~ ipe iliffi-mrrt (r~ise 

that cit corigin er"I.jiit ins float. %fieesrrac- lit- pe~Inrimr 

sterorhaeni,e, cit tit(- lat terT imsiksc-e-. fele gtsteie~r =I.-%i~ 

tloat cit( tl-e. rcincer. tteieclie.,e tu-rlc'.ajirui ceeit ics ctl 1w 

g'sj(mctile (4cficsfirt milclctsg) tp fic te l 1111c2i.7i. lsntclo. IL,,.. 

'llc iic ccel ie...c ltut it(c citizc~,zie. e'rip'.cceimt isicist-,.s 

Monc 

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ts ~ n net. ',~i 

titl 57 P.1142~t -0.001 

911n 12ee 0,017 0.001 

m~,,. 0.111413 -0.012 

1731.2 ?tS 0417. -eLIeQS 

mrfitc -kc~ icth ict .fce-igiem vess-ic ci its .'ec-ti jee 11.1.3.. i-s M-1.3A2 

'li er i'rv vireiuty -it I lee ionviticce.. itefccrtcvctics. cite IN icicc 

-cc1imc.et e11:ckte' it ilti-rabilcs fic pi-re40 t1i lt- avai~cla:. cv 

Vc. arialIicis .%ine-s this Burr 

-ilta heere. ils scie dc. etacil ichcec Afc cc iigisen cm-ic c. tc r cI iiiI'ecs-cccc i-cmillr tvesec I ccisr a 41cn1'Wierablele 

tile' Isctil-fit cltise-a %% 1cc, Ic1. like-It- . is- cslcrtag~ k 

ic-c ct( cimizzle- e-re-imc ac icIIl tiistcr.. 

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-sin eagtI fcgII The. 4 

Imlm.9 A* 114 41irve in *.t.1111d Ict.;Al . 1wsm e4 L"o ilas a..a-meeilerl no Ilhe 

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0 ..- 11112214 14.1. l,~ Ist.a Ilm -Ita~rri- rsigsisl -on- fin.I. 

fliatto. Iit 11;. Iis,.-tisi de-mt*V, :1 lilII4 t- a. Priwstsng 

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41111c:.11%.t Issilsh~ ,it. (r.1101 vrioý1ss111!iNa1I is.' finn5o 

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fire. a~sgz~s' lit. sis-ssiaIwesassas reentsil.. i~t. ;srtss it. ni.-is .f 4ssi Mss1r..ss r.titriii I I av rslnto 111:11 1111.II 

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mo nwssatoL ttw. tmiusk' vusl-s'As..Lm w. Isuay sik- 301 rubIsI-r. (111uwiks611, 11L u~v dIFJ AMT I&W. s.WI6 VOW- 

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WIN milk furthn' uwws.-st see .bnwqm hw a safe. jfrm fasliifsL vi ai ~aI1 

withl 

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:21sAV- :1-1 KImnII~ii. -i 011.11ii I i izmw I hiv i-IIr.-i * .;iw. iOw 43w .lnrart-tiris criick giuttvni im-ar thle 

j.-l Jns 111w Wgriwi-31 I.l ie 'If Iw eIl- e 41( i'r.,rkiliX Mn 

31~i'..litllK 14-11911 .'in So4 c qia 13:1 

jo.is g...ll i, 6ra~ t-sit .- illm.Ihi the usim-Iiias. "taiutes 4i 

1111- P4iirflf-i%'A.sltit-i !4ý1113IIV PullS I rlllSVIi1 4 V 'i I1W. 

lie :nI% U1i4-1.,laio. 11,~'-. 44Itita. Iit gi-i.'i v f.iw1a111,s ik lt- moi.. i~ st i~l~ll~ in Its. K.nm3%'.. 11"'anl'S 

I1K oiw' a -I .01 diwr- i'qisrratik.. ;in- I..igit u Iiil in 110- 1.( iiit. 10441114-:111 Ii 

i1 I'ltsl -IMI'rrk 11i"IilICA1. au 

imth jssu 

Sis~r. si'w'too sam lbt...Uv 461-11i= %sltww lanato tms*t 

iw 4w'sl'h. dri iii.' I.w~l~ I~ll. ~s-T 11a 

Wsikniit-uk ~XIsifllen Ao Beirit pnnmgt*. t1w' littli- 

anl.10 -tI.Ollw :1 nonstigllo ihiWstomoe gerfairr uam Imil 

tImom WIN ,ilti44 ii IiiAi tl Iso 134 itionglIt'.Ilw. shs.pita o 4 

.iiurl v su~iisiI its 14111 is Ifilt' A.IIV'iW 11 Is illk.% in 1w-- 

,.r~~s~iri'-ri-w~r..i3~indiiffri'ti ggunA. Wuig solid. 11sIliiisg wiclo'rnI oil ivialw ft-nu im-_niibi .IE133'iI jiiily. 

37 ....... It s 

%S 

-4 N DI t -i.-*. .- iskl I-" 4.I Il 

ILI VI IWATI %L

i~~i~~lui.1~~ e0rHLk ('.11.41 IOU~ 41W'n w ritii TIM K1141. .ii1 tt 

o t t~s ar.& ihe. it i tisaatr rf i ttit .. lo t -I1 -fil h. teu fart tp- o 

4'lilimK iiiitg viti4 -6~ istitck .sngiii h tiosI timulet ,iWS . - 

an- drv4.owkj .i ftmt tile1..- i, I s(irt fii -g ltiftap 4 44.. 

11w-k 14in-tttoiasf sivi fie 414- ~to( :It~sI. iii anover .4-n 

ji1itaIgu~ else 1111sir. NI itwti lo 1.2.!. essmrl 

I.Xlliiiil~iP ~ Weilm ofl gust. lofins t asset .lllhe ,14 

iii . jsill t11 piSo i j1l4114lustt41t11 4.1 4411111,4 

itmiip~unt miti-sro.Avi 11 emsn 4 u 4or gitoWl zau ;twy nflw 

l wist- l ea irm 

r~s. Is iro 1 t5 416 '. I3 ol-4 4 ilomI5 

wom rrwt:,I muItist1 no14 ltom- Iial ,ritmo itws.I 1t v Invorl4,4 

111 ",aliit 414'. 4 ulllkich Z 4I il .1.lt 1 2A. 1ao., Ii.- a 

litg~i~it44 p in i. gi4vi. lits.'' oievs 211.2tig.1. milur.1.- ; 

hn.' 114T 31441 141449Rowe4jSurfa[ce 

In ttlitq'a tijuizz e- ,g. jIN&* ii( LIgleut Pti l.s 1.r41 4." litl. o- .. "-P 

gii.it' a s Ii i t fi..fn m14411 .. hcs1-td s f I.riling irs u- t em 

6i,.n. lies.'1 11:1rw1016~s Isint"1mol is, " wIuiwle- tl 4' IONIA 

1 .. '~t j . 

411importan furt'wtoro/ It"r-ia e M tn41u i 11 teo 04sF ab.Itwin-at 

14iwly IN? itnituts mrit a olic-r 4oole th Iit.tis trotmott,~ 4FF 

41f 111 421. polo.I ;1te11l40trli4 irrove1larit41141ro1. ti..., 

Ita irt-i.ta vio -tl1i4ve . tush ,.lriv tin 41 t-rl l l1 4 

Iltiefa tiot phnosiumcw .11. 1 11 , M41 4.rfists I. I notisti u:v Is.. 

motit-,u'um-i ah-p Iiit-ttsrI.4l~ P 14 ~ 1.514it few i4 n. Is-int 

Intiletv tlui di. MlII444u1Il ,,14144t.l-ri Z lif ev ILIIII t IYlttl 

act rovito it( ti.E tan-A mvpto t ie1 Its 4441 rela l i I it 414I1' 

1111' ls6411 4 

.4flit *l 44l.44't~ I- SUI M114414' l. itssl 314 1V lostI -.. . 1 '4.1f 4 

elw io ~ ewt1.r ~ CI!4ttEN. 

wolri -liil l .. ltri tro~usiv tt -";A... 

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f ll'G 

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%ho.11ordw-tlorfl i-61K.t11-11 voc :sit~salo l1ilt-. *-%440' the 

U4m-h a pull4i.m 

n1w ,um.~t MWl 

flooivi lartvo s it -m the4 lie 4i'f 0lIb5 

'11 ru -t?, ts'itilt iu mdiif . WAA l'J- Mbtissl 

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1114' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 

lite 11144'a in -14-t tlsittl j5 n- 1"04114il 4 I~ttl91 I-rloVles. aidsy 

nsi'tsmW n sith tihe "ntna'- Wsi ritl,:z o tie n 13.31i~k pIll- %.. 

thae (.io that t g 114 ofiliill' i IN ti' II. h h 15115114 

Sgoon 

lstit."or. il 11l14ta14-41 12. , 41.2. flilmn4s h lIti~llf .1 tiw 

s~tc4 l~'1141141tug't~lt4~ -16.t1e 11111'k65. 14 ifhe ull~ 'YV lllN 

41th r Ia l oohi 11341 lt 4.44 6 i 1 i ialli11 rle 14tiln t i s 1141 n1i'VtoI. 

Sliing )Wtv loimlensi 'IN il-!NVil lim~e mmt l,4Imotbll HlL tllll 

115Io let r.11 1141 ia l 14-14 :1etY " 41taillfts p lar 4 .e412 %tl 

tered' ular I* soe- bute~c s1--111ii t1 lv t.lfileC d111ilisill' 4l 

tran -'igov' sitN niae t ia to l lite 1114. Mark lls. inwhchra 

~ 

1141141 :115,u% thoo,"i444il.4ist il l~wrics ( iretn~ flipt his'~ ~ 444Kt.i:.niI- Jnn.mtlw1 l2n u 

rem) titrsufaib N...~etti I;111$,d114 rna ,~l- h 

'I- fl'3111. i~l'. ill N celK he-1-114 i '. i s prollbat 4 414 illm4 14 t4-(44 .~.~n*4416 '~.IilK l4r-'I44l 

10usrdlhat hall .-n -v l;iL' i 111:1 41 11411 Ill't t111 il~lolp"tii ll. 

R& O A AND.1~.i4l Dtt 1444sm ut or Ll iqvi~ Iittz 

IIIl 11415 ilgN .ii i l j! gl-'2, I.. 44I e e ~ 

CON H IN111Al 

Striingevioellr llouten"utirit 

4 or 

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4 

Van-hi nt itrm~llr.I m-oo~lrmilIrwl t~ .... if l Ij..6 -- It i.4 M.t f1..r il.6w Om n :,n-om"I10 .lie at 'ntor llr 

&bMw v M onau birw Iotar6. 6 Itu h q~ jave li . ..,,. uas..ws wfn fat-unt41-e1. n-se 

(ftnwiI ftroai rrw.....w a. 641 m lnsq . lused o oilr it 'a Pita, "i. 30w~.wssAn iw.Aq i meiiI edtgwfnm14 .4w sI 

a~at.M n a nmu.I gu /;iX rh .. Igemiw h- *1te.t In~t I..#A oritoIwnilm" oFljrfa 

lito.r rhmib ~t Iisw thut %;m* a I6 ithe grir.u a-rim i rI ngD. J 4( 

rvin rka~li fri 1-o*tm th--ii i h o oe iti golt 4tpi-iir i otrut4 lt i~ 

CýL~~eo4 -e 1- - 114 lt il aioa il tii o ~ -frf:p n + l, l iitii 

riftr:11 -ta -1i1Y I rm -rsm to l t I ma b m it i -l.llo %id mr I -iti 

h~.01I--1 I16 1 .te1141:1i- rimg( 1:14 h tý litz:11%.ý: 11- l 14 -~ m 

M fl- 010 teh lddlii im i- avý:llr4'i- i npatlr t.I %i i n 

ni~or~ i$ t mc litvtmlý 

(i f ni~ l.(2)la rnilY, fi virl it m--.I p-tma di r-iit 

am (3 0hk 

trlo -- iilfiii ~ % r i rnm m Y J tm l t ii~l '-m ,b

't leqt l.n miii{ a,... .ý o let 

g~u 3111 

l iSm .i'i -6- oli-phirme'l luaieinrl Ow toimuzzle'" (a Iiear -. lq 401P. 

1111.2. rwu w l" n4tr~nsatmr4he Shar ,a'utoo hmvr, elu'ipp "Its "I 9h1. mamuzis P04 4 a 

1u1:1t lrntesr:314nm:ilio a. t 1,e't:w its e'.,i~ess heaa !ct e';tlitlaav ..*Of einieloitir rites lmn'n4 ehirivol the fit ing 001 

tino~~geiermblea~ iiitlimi're its aeeivitivi f~i lie Yde:in+4 f-aq ,e.ei ,eiiiheiitak. 

eaeeaes~ni~a:,lumeiien~aeei. th-wilu.. I ill (11i:111t4v K,; 

In P4.01m' w'ins filnnpg 1eeiig Ieeg.'., if :aI trnial" rate. Oe 

len.r ja' .eutjeret lot ii3-::3itic its oleiet a inuissm-r filial 4-P 

Ite4:lwei'~ I irk al 1vsielea~ iaf vola er1 tell411ol eaiI jt 

"moirt til-m are'iek Y.-trlp~~e its total 1aai". Isil an-3 templed in 

it,. marketk. a hirl whie: was at leseW little 11-91i mo a 

la'nirrfee1.,ule. .114 lie' Iiarioi 3'-lieo w te !:;e.ik .4r 

(eviinwli 11w1 the inri f&-a' ta..ttw leui.ev 1 to. .,e 

t-M ~ is 1: m.a e~iw% tniqN .i liri ~e Ws~l'l Neatr 6the I ii31ze miIK 

-iille'le'-6 eel Owmi. Iter towele. file33 #Io-rnglw lor slsutweui4. % 

tinan,, iiisiiel III neenoei. t s. e~ .niiieeeiiv-- g n'u13-l mei tIo - 

(r.811 noat li 14 min eat Ite ioar* 141111111' v331133 gnns oae inath 

imiuagaiifismsnt :11 till. Ilanginl cle aillilig 11i14i* laee.t- finfaeop 

i111111ii ieat. Inive, forms whifivivIv itii ilt. 4 11iVill' fii ke. e, 

all iiiligiie giiii.' %%aii hi- iea a Iiiim-41 *iitejev'ti 

i ,ae-%i 

Ill :1 Will* 1un li. a', plal ti'p as.1oil 6 liiei:itl'.v thicak-eawr 

in 114 le'SIMaie'4- 11:1 bI'llc Ilia- 1.313.1%. 

".%so w~oistiomel it% ria-vt in i'* 61333. 1.2. it %%.a- feuiail" i. 

owdip:lea~ a- Iluau. frictiasi" 113:1 the3 tvivltflle iurer elf ii..t me osu 

gile'rh~in'w Ieve' imwi a Ieillet waool flit- leter.. -4ifin'e litC f" w 

Amovoe tilt-bE lttii I g 1 .(1tea~la 4e11pies1. iia'ije'I imii.Iura. #,o**u 

111.11 1 hin fili%%- elI I t1a. Ieutie I14t na'~In-3' ;appiit'il its glow 

luau' ins it 1,el.:at(-. 't'liak ole'inseitelf act llx -iep r ~ rn e.esamr. 21. 7e.- l~at ed £a'a-la.q .'af ainu gaea i 

prml' 31111 rli-mieiIii e11eitria: m.avr'e'e'sa '"1q114il.4. Idol leam4 eteaasI iee ainv.ae. iaaa ..w'im- tiN"' an-' Pwnioli' 

Mtt~gilloK :wtiamn ea lfe Ieletep'll 4tilie. In t1143ea l 41L 

Kills. as e~trk. 

ti.a'r1ve lmn Simlymie 

vt'~l'''si't 5' ea alo tim #tet ixsrtill".iall 1.. 

ivili, pict.ie IN aI'eil I (hes Mri'31je 44 

5alv:irt;t nte,i,. (ar hmti fhhlt:li3K a ttii'iity elf till- tOive. of 

gla ass3 entai.temf." 

maiiin iaeli idg:ie m'aii' lea limie' 64a'i-11 l~ IKltt *lv ... d- 

iliz& 

'II, ue pe vIof mplmtwitig ix no~riei'' ateniiv'e 111:33 it 

1 iii Ilwi Plormtrool" siguie'ifij-i:jIeml , timitimu maanightde iniimeti'iI. tar it ~,ir~rfe 

ao a' 111 ti'itg i. (C lell %I tStimit wtiisraItii' m ll3 iiig4i.. u iý. fr,p. icati I' lehekeite'ul I ' y aep ter',el ' 

e. 'slroi ere'ee'.er, 

Noen- ,airf~arr~ i~ lekeý f ti~iee.. lei I~iel. it f3i1.T3 leail it i-.. ,eitnIItiie'. s IluereesighleY 11aigl:1useimisie'l %%;tii -Iewi'tovefi 

%- thick el vneit' ~iat'l he.. eImill tIp %% hllet 31.6 e,.,eet3. 11:11k.c tuan1,tr'.a. m'l.ialit utvooliet, mnid cuir. 

I.aelia-alithiel ltletuwrttlimr' :are' imich hatht-li~ r Ileim it. IL%- Ieiumeei. ism~iter. thee if 11i:,Y lee i-lee. ttc.t(a v ree~etie 

mt it,! 3131 tidhIlt tof m i'tr eel' 1ibliatiie3 ,~:a. 1 (jieift~.aiije 49a4er %%lc tIle crk me;tvitl.- 'eI."iv e.14ue1 111:11 it i tlrtimp 

a.6t;ie,:al clerv ieevele -( tilt' Imi~lei~lf :e1114, 16 rjlecl.. 116-i ,.3et3 .italmivtea imie3'- it tmm-ible* Ilasm ..el v e'ree,'tee 

t 

a If lilt' raelitw' .. f:t Ibm1:1 11e.44 ti- llh filee'is.eli~ I-.'f atll-a v:ietal. ThIe' vlee l ill-e 4 a e~t~ ti~Ite~eci

1 

uaf10 I... I 1Sv iwtO. r..PV i.. gli.rniw.I if$ *44-- I.. "1.~ (64 eloI tosu. 

n 

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A.14 11..SIfl. j64 1.$ I1 

umfanr 114 iss. tom. 1-( :.u iss IV, 

01111mw i.ng i. 1t- 4 m .5 '.s 1ff v I Iff1-I is.. Isit Nav jsoo mi.l'twi4.,ri 

I.10q'114iISK Jigt'itt :111.1 A-.$ , 1 wvrifq rilwmw-ra 10.1s - 111 oo.. .. ol sI- *d Ii...s 41s. new ,..r... *.s Ar, ith 

4 

6sssmu'wki S4PurftWWYS *w .4 thr M.M.WW;Nqw' ~- Omsd4a Iww~.w Im Aw 6;-ri L&6.wmwp. 

COVIEr %L

I.ABI)IIA'j( ~il~iThISoF sn In I NG (4. N KIUSION 

now ilrnag aid' Il-laix 6, gaiari itaml'-Ia 11.2.2. 

T CM tI Mt ONit.% NT l~alagvitaaan' maaolvom I. sof matalrit 

% th WI"O th~ave miagqa11 11iral aiw tvAnlamaaaid 'tsr 

l'xa,.touo %oiat a~l se'elnlt1ti44a I iit 1"41,a lAgi litomop 

,.arf'aa* maateranl. .aiaai ianalag4lzaiitanI *al vll a Id I 1w 

this aa1aUV., aid' IlKw W.rk 41 M64.11 I aaakgv lag- 4iivialvo vto so vma~,aa''r..iuanfltgam vents toafa4imlr eniwt1i44-fi~lln 

enI441pelat III , Iam tly MeI~ fiatll" 1.16 aaiga 111:1 tof pil j in- 2: fWi 1111faalla'Of ea he' POaa~iVi~etV 4aiffaiwaill 

at. 11"'aira eff at 4It-af :A401aa. aw ir a id's "ead' A:tw'aaaa,' Ilion. 1 .3.!1. tauil (air tvinK iti ll- qffM lot ai' tn-.ag son e'fa~ofl 

!voilowta -on fill maafatarr 4 Avt .1444 "ta: aealm k.2) timutlomala 044-timma 1t.2.51. 

tI&M-1 111 t4-1 aliffan"Piji 1414r itirraltatl. ;an-jetilv,,. nail Twioty tvoag I aid' tuagraataaa 11'4aag iltw v faid' 1)-luialso 

lumdevara fair theair jaIa~lala' it lbor w 

hitw mifl 'atil aiut hn"y 

Kiljino. 

%*vt taII te.# 2 lv 

-4aa -1a'6011 agaw Gla('a4laeMagiafita41g . 1 tha 

01gi-aa 'aatt ;2111 ft(ai amat-inica Iliala taikr" litu 

die la'ielli 

is Italea Vial 

aaa:41atia~rl Giat vmfln~ig fl". 114,.-iia. :s .' 11"ntraaaivat 4aait tin swF- eipl4. a~jaatoo Imomaawiar Icm" *ha'. arc- at"'erilacal 

~ 4 2 

'1a.wrf ila,. .3i. ii. I, atoaaaq~r-aaae I lIn- malvi:itar I in at %%ma~ in tm $aiiai 112. 

a4d lhi'tealat'e rathl i't -111 1 4law,, I flala c'all. G-w aaaalmovi '1114 lhg iian Ialaoo. iivituitjaatw .oi far atat fit nowed in 

naicut it, altiauhaiiity. hiitIaaaa. titta ?a-t 4"itiaaalal llag' pa'. ianaaaple. .a4-veril neaw pioraa'atta't-. tIsae laava'a dvtea- 

Atanitcl ai iitintal.ly. lint Il- to,ci-ty .11tu la-a ithug- asilolat4 0ta iaalvytu tailt, ilitio i aid'v Go fll-' cre'it1lflnlt 

mominttaaliat aatlaamlaa tan ma,',-lor I$& al~arowwate. *UP Vow aguisnpWa. #Lwn~lag.t1a44-6im 111.2.Gl. filimcom, aa6 

stmaleriaml. tha~t ata, ianao-, lkely sta loawe Ia t I lmat einse- it-tai'illia aaqvl 'a lixiisa~g~aanaio w.'n. stirviwl with thr It'aw. 

6. M.N tisan fiia.l pmvi~ilaE iia lairger a'.ahitagr nito iat. dealit o~ flt.i',T* tat t-i lihagr A') ranonIa. '1wrfle' whas tia firedl 

11w aralilag'r .'111 a'raiiai41ta-Iiaag Willt Atata. ali'wAthaiaawh n'a'a'nail frigait: ti ala'piit aits theu %%AtlIt the' IatwAm fill* 

taa mira'hu It jaad mut i ataomle ietiaaaaaol Mtivei~. lutaaaadar no, vattath tle naattn4 aid Ilta :alttraltt aig ramliti-val It v the Ismiu. 

limuuIlle. thaig gun. Itwi~thtear uisit,-aha lim-iVItillAi, WrAI aar? rt't.. Ionag aPvatitiaa~tlay II .aty ahifilaetifm. 

aha',uKittoaw ta. ,eirli'a-alawanu~i n alrfia a1,1a11i41m. It liraml 'Altliawagltii tatnidini iathPant caiyitaituai ctai~iaa hagat 

gott aIaii'utlete:A fits, Saadal gati wt 14:1 (Ina.n atia 14. a ttnlntaa anaaa.as 

r.aecparieieaatN na'em 

htave Wialai :i. phirilailit v. III t114ialalnIt o ta iat o ia.aaa4'ittta'1aa mrlv etrrictla aaif in whli iii hfferi'iit iita& t nal nifi :liaayw 

fAir ta~ttaiC file aot'iall aidli,taw Iaaarra'ha milal a4d Ii~tiua na( w .Ailaijaii'ah 14, li~atagntmifai~irtaan aaaghiltauttit it irittiy 

al.tettai'l~tl Aittl litarittom aiialtat it WnAist. (ware wattar. 11wr aiplonrittat ia aha',irilieal its Ser4l"iii 

1419 av't'l fair the aru de.laaaitiaiet aid' lifl-Aettwraiail itaaiva" 11.3.3. 

tilr,, (( httptemar 27, andia 31! anda Is aill h lIt: ia' traili'earo In taniAi t ifat s t'yaliiilt' I lite 1e.11afitnlvt itifiata'iera att 

1(C'hnjla'r 32it. fair ~taai~ tlmii l vt'irrtvitaw,. uot aalaj'. miatoeaitiid Ithe higha luiae-.tirftarr trmlaj'tltll't tililrt 

i-.ind a ftau intahic,,coafli' dth tia'iaitanttah a-mistt~of ai' n 

riia 16tt Kili tn .ta it a.i.~a - are' a l'uarilitml ill At'rtaaar 

fnsii tasty ' r-Itataii'114:1ih tiri,u'g a a11tar4I Ittia datg.ei'laa1ir'aj 

(S iii,n 1I.3.2) iii %% biet list- m.arf~at' it!a it ilittli 'titple 

11.2.1. 

'hat' aua11l wagr .511 

64- agea a,4taI etefta'i'uv'el 

Iiaiit fir;" wt f ýIm titi aral tla'icis ltIas 

fapt ?-t iiic itiatt.' mii alla 

aid' 1aita otel air wheiir nuitelariai uno lowmikitlen'ha byi 

Im-4 a iat p. latniatua [itt tiara %%t ,tv at very thin It a.et'r of 

filie ;Ifhaa' Ia lIni .ln ' %%;1% a'trtla jiii Itas 71 vrIV 

(pariidat atlhy a-tei'll a naial dimhruilhalaai :0l:114a'1 i.e1-rih agul *aighi ataa;.'itat alit'fair at Iia'naial aid' titaae a'uuaa hur'able tao 

its Part~ V. 'ue' iliitf ailmt aa't aid IV~ PNia i"~aaii'AUX 

OM411 a. a wg leIittle Of it1 a 1it~ta Iia1*jCa'tj4 i'st% :t lomi Iasat'. 

tlat' iaahiravaeaana 4ta.;e arhi'aalla' t 

i~ ith hat :ialtiaai lIt ilia',' l~milaaatiytii,'vhaagl'a cif) ~aIalait 

:T.inot 

* T'aaauu't ~uta' Iia.i41a 1, X t tt. a 'ii"uat utIn, 

1tais a'raiaaa air .uiaaa ivairtiaaal~ar h'a';tlaara' a'raavi.ar 

a~awi hitralitlinujai ew tiara ala'a'h pl lt aa' l ''liniv pim athe 

O'aaim, u 14a.,ri :ita'lv al to( ' inia $uaa.t liaala in.aa the a1-Ia, e. 4ta.a" anal lii 

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Am~ I -% I I A :1 lpre'.mmnI :.iga I q1:3111I mIee-11s Iem is :trrcmeiqq14I iq~ fit- hunrt tmi:,iif amr.1 11iv I:#tnI. l." or mmm.-tmivorl. im~ich 

"-It 11at a 4.% iii lml IIiv r- I -gIl;I III it aii II a simall I 1miml 11.114. ti-it. 'lm0 pm.t *i.iji,14 t''',tE I., I mim n, .0-1: luif':1i t.4nit 

CURm IN- ini -4:1144ini mat. 1114 gnso iee'. 6-no-p tIso 1h', 14m~rwe -snom noe tor' aw.--ioet ,iil,to Iie citI. tie.t etl e tik 

Alf qoittot.irt 6 fiml illli 'i-% w6,f ViAA44 UeU'ns, 6b&vvfyW "i4e 0(1WWUI4 jh'U8.#Ulg m vl~t i ii". florommi 

ill mwooh thi..o loeeds, with hi;.+b rmmimvaw nht., its, eI~. villAmoptimt eef gtm e'gie"mt Ifni. Ilown 4IL-OP4-1t" 4'.*eli 

foiem'ir iii' M-ota 4t fitactcl. , #114 e'ftlm 'is vent- wleei.641i 

foln-4aliplcc:. tm'Iit' flit- retmee"Ig-lc lc.' reiit. off nl 

01t.alv.iir I'iseinin -oftr Itle' re',rnmqleeilmlby vki'o I lime' inot 

sk-e nitoq ict i;;tmeic u'i %%ill a niuu peelim e'.eig i' th'll disk of 

cclhcm'e 4gtm tc. 

1e Ilel' rco0,4mce'1a:iwa~cm"ia tim 

*'lme' .,;igccrate. lmAmont tin I'itolirc' . mnisfeei~el 4e a 6 

t~clinteelje':! Im.e lmibcak leaviovm teimir little*w thait meet cat 

tIwm e'vmte'. jutoo vam'Ia uto whirli ccci.. pe.eI'c'cc' cm ,.14-4 

pilg. ii a m'ht-t~tmroolrmet *46wmt waesionplm"c4imceaul. 

Owc laleark. prgn'seemi wul c iem teilt nmutmciii a e'c'ra~ tor 

vetnt. lit this coimralan iem thm'rc' wait. preavi ieee (fir leeih ci a iti.motv s. lec....wi c.'miiflmtmmg ,i ortec iuo. TIM. svioiitioe 

e'iii,oicer ii' g':m-n l a Ii4i'cc-Xle Irti Eaigmi'. *1114- p'mtosilitm 

plugt .1 ccc,' c cyhit"em~r I. in. irn toem d diamlae'a i-aee'tr cetl 

in lung.gs 

joltcK Ag." ut mherve m so i 166,11-1 tilacmwfleo 6e-r -ehi-ri 

imcjlmiiee. wal -n-.sIjle isi.'dow IeiWi~emc it 10.1o .'1,4 u it'e 

e* uabi.eite'meisti.H incc Ic.l' TC.. fissaion it" 

~~miq44. 

1 4 I N NIII OW lligwwc X.e. .AI III.) 

*Fccei .ee'tc. if te'..tiesit tiltine,c. e'e cmimf,' it-ote'ctcg 

Wiithe thisi :11cmticcm't e.: (1) .1, vl,'t to;i in. its uiaiecete''r 

"111+411A 'Ilml filltIc' ae'tfilil.el Alf 01 a ' te 'ec leiml lcce 

1MF ik* VAVN 

lowmetle'r 11. .1 . iectcelict uele'e,.a '. 9. 1-4 x ere. cit ilij linoi- va'ee.t'ct 14mle. oc al ci cgjcnl mlira.- ('ti -itmitr firte tlnit 

flmit".4 mii1ixielemel pniflrv-, in th li'l~ilmcl m'ie.el eel 41 iedetsvifg'cl cml ccci.. las' ge Ille 44141 enwti hYm..ee Ini'.eee- 

:.6011~ fim cll- I ic inmww ce "-cit i . it-i lamov. lminei- wen-:. inrmloi'rte'c mmmicaceircme a, -s rie itin Ilecii'. 'ct 

ti ju- (I I an- into' w'ce-thn' flccic Cieeoe'ee f21. 1i'ee lcat ter e'ici mmie.t-Vcciii ihdlctli'.i e'eet 14-rc'cli. A .w'nri - atrtif e. 

16%e 4'i- vm e it, rtie'- tier Ov4 te'' ~ecgimph thaect cm,' rnilthgcic ecirlm it' cmostiimmii.itoo teeei'mitihI' c 'its Alt- v""l Vasez t"' waso. 

i'mgiiiv:cie'tct lI te ric'tle' 4 imme'emne'icegecle e in isw e diat'te'r i.ii1:61144'i I,.v vacre ica tlce At% .% .gen emivl ce citlce' f I-%jm'r 

m~eemeit f:.eitei ice mr'.'taic cm'ii~em-el clie'c'i 14-T .. p)leilicet ceIlmen'1. Flee'.-'Wtes:1.I crel tuer ei'-meis ire' 'is.l'lci' 

vc-nt 10111V 11c1. IM4ii 1se-4mi Aier ememcnte-ccawcthle' e'ec,--'e' in ZAe'i-vtomt 1:1.3 

im 111'11ii eieemleie'-NIicse i.Meceier.. :Ic nc'me'eccid icc C'leccte. Ilice' Iieose'ile.4 imeec f~tacccn eel flict, feetrcctaec ito ireein earlecu 

1-eee1paccm'i 1,,vlet nl. 

4C.''c'ie.-c-c'' i vajifiees 1cnoe" 1 1'iicccc was cc1:. . leein 1. atee'eiwfe." 

4cc'cci c it felipcf, 4e giftse ,'te'e. ceA anctmiecemmm ac -to 

lite eArir lit n-reeer cc ie'tiel 

irts %%;ia'mv t- ncil- ee-!e-ec te ce. 

cl',e'see',l" icn C 'ic:cpter Li. for-c'tio y lit-' cen ait( flice' smcrt~e' e-'jee.e-. tee liwe gtc-e 

:Irv'ce cime "er'ee ueiejeetiecýte' Icecclg tlce Ihclt~lAs i live mIce at ift ml A. q'1.tccc'e'i Ic-ilt tc1111g. '111 i. %%a, eii 

taiamcel trecc Im-ect-peiig itr-Ito ahe'mmt ftriemrticm-c''ec.,lmr- ieii-iceI ItY io~iiig tic'heloirn' ofl am iW-i l:Efid rlle' as a 

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vew,. 'ln :2;qmrnniI w,~ 6e 4%oeit iscl Flutian' l. 1*t vl e'gjee di' ;lIa 1, 111' 1i',11 iti ,alIt 1w, I rI fId w illtse AHlean I 1.2.3. 

.i,,. uktainta 4 eel p-t 11,4ag1e saa Iatriwm sneaeeaa'aiat. %Ain asv. dev Ie-a,tsl, 1 If$ - salqld .esd';,e'e 08.atfeo 01144a a.- e-rtek. 

41-cei! altAaeu in -1 proe'.-ln. 'ae'see'l Of Q1'..i'.s111 Vaelasaa1e. h'114 ilalt. '1w -oorfare.- wa' en. ftefor eAl.'rmle'el114 haselIi' *ie't. I 

Ml va,vloo-"i h. wilhte nivvitiovoliA,okhirh nootleol losir 

:a vi:49 jos~ct~n-A el 11'e.5elI 19-i. . A lajatiteir napltalsn- 

46ik uhcsa,, weaeeald latirnt tal t0.5141 11-i 4-li.1 aim- I le'5l5. 111c 

leistcah saatenv nernek Tiac nagrlninrah ww s"lI,.'i eL 

tae'ra'feon. -aisI~~n'*aaae aaa'ntI ~ e 

(avq'! 4-40ialel lot- 11044l Iew wwoof 111i. 111-14" h eall toot v ate* 

zle invol. lluttl ;,#oaIa iasl ;btefaaa will, rs',.Iwet too vrvoioosle VP''.-i 

11* istla aela~e'e'ae a: eaaeadieteci (eor :affitimeeseat. in aIaal lau 6 a p w ll16 a. in Atwlisib WA IIUL 

vartusslle-ltildal *lenwaller. tesa: lamro a ,. he tut'l ala'c(meceptea rivian' 7# -1p,-'C a, rpwss welia"a .e( ORle' :ltneIK-110. 

"161thlel e loalsciak 1ee)p. The ligi, 110 in. air thl. IWe hues T *Lni." ,u";laain le4lhir e'ltlaK~bIUS5 id 

M-W611- lla'lAsille gjaus. 

,11". e11saazls l11s1.' W~aeeasaaa'ac dorliiiiitl a Kaeroial'4 

valvte' leoa ie K,es Iritp a'ceoleale in a2 tialta Iis al Iitpil mair. 

n-a'iav ee iif S"'lilmE't A0) Anity rilh'. M M11l. aa,"I thce 

V-kol~ile movolowelas sat' vr~seiaia we'-re' a'cen.ee.-vel in hivs,' 

of a512aT eswiuwi" so( :asxiliary :2awtrtlci'.eual :I% f Ill R 

u-4,ol ita lourfy the oiartoo.ititoe aaaaacatt fnner i'enorult Iw. 

liast-eeeI. teaelf vi~etlatih-ltte lleete ifitoi iele a pu tivid ' 

Oeralse oasuw. its lisa prowhlaaelt- eeeale'nwel its lOwnweeiloi'cl 

trap. 

In ps'dwmsiawi w t oe vx~wriuu'nt ther tucumi filmo.. atu 

enata we',, w,'l rotaieale The . I~'roietot vacia wte 

A'lewe'e sueeeea'eauril' u hlile' use' iiscitclain'ee(e'rlwn u qmlesee 

aa,%illor anoel aaatyms. ear its '4asaee' oe'trioteanlaten-a te tiosaakei'c 

,,osliot prlascale'tasul. %'a:ate iheittecl. *tiae'rs'.cll§Xe gaV-41-A 12a1el 

vuapo'ro wory11m thenA-ly wImulo iaaa iset elit flaa'ecss the 

fruta~. 11ae 15.15 w-ar. 'i'telel ucawll al wo'utwo-el ~alaeeet 30 **,~ . ~ .~...s a~iae~nnee~e 

stisa hale'r. teneifll- vis' atltal j nio'loawtse. wen-' I rinesa-iueeel i a.i..jnfi (,oS.Ir.. .ecelm~ 4d aPeaere. eraakLitg. eitici 

fapteaeesaa a2 leetMtel i-aoieltlery fales' wills . a carrer't =is listeen' I a. ealtitanonl x. Featuwe 1 a4 NtAlt( ltarleai 

%% lade' alas' trap wa.t -lasly w~aneae'al..% 41laotelsa fit datrk. o.a. A7271l-a 

e'ealeee's'l atittriatei iea filem finee'ea i- ltai'ar. ittmlusctacl1 in 

iigen' II Il Alf Oupwr t 1t. hiaelie'ate'el alas. lin"1ae' . to(a ehaliftsca'c uern' teniasene ;n etalil er Alt ea. Ia ldes'ea". 

'aaeltea~~~~~ eaa. fl'Icncae %114-. te a IaIIa ls'sa:asvi~al %%:It, dte- 114.'tae' tril ekas'eiaaaa S wite,' 111:11h.' 1`1-1c as riiaaaclaiaell( 1-1111s 

e'Icaatesa..e'et. :21SUIASi' ee01le' 1114, eali tr-wteaet hoitafeiril'l eteek. Two'ae Ilal searfavvis. as~qn in'a sm e d ton ua li~aaee' 61-:a11Y 

l w pnAqo ide etarvlesa geeeeeacexjeli. shlea 'ia'salpa l .0e11 'casel a ais -l lA41', tol' fille- reaal Olael Na.c t ia-e'rlstt" call a.1 

lismiseasl watea lake'a tss le'ira insa aarnrseeeyl. M0Atal lit ilatofill lsh' Iice thaIle eeae"-a 1 1astlea I'. 1th1C 

11lw iale'eljiek-asl es eeC' i"acea e1erleseeal :laaaaI flle -444s' '- wtw'ahaacshae ,It-14 lte ia U mwq-ae'4 1al Ie -p tli.4aiee' 

,ieese janealeacre in Itas'se' e'te'ieeec l hci ase'e c cn'a reictia te-hsiacat jerteel as! 3anae'a piiole' Irooi the I lm ''let-tersn 

-eatiel eteisee-eta' ilas aiffi'-s'eal1 ta e 4 1t 11Ila :alaleaer.11Ieat6 l :11 a Ca 11 Iaal alii.aas (a 6,e1ec- agela Jill-veelt emee.-Ilheal tie easelfsallew 

ate'-rIM41lae ina~e' ieee 113. 1. iseat eel alas'. sceaa.Jeaeatjaa ice Oil-a waill if al au veae-44. 

Mktaxieaaealel lcn'-ý.4ers clta bYa.acea at eaaaia ewlleatsa 

I,& ).claa1se A $''eai v, 

,le; ea'l U. We'aa aaiatec t u~ he sl~iiee' tealKee ale 'l Pi'' 

fe're-aat cc -el16a; bltai these r11w eat'I le-6ca11 ee, lhea vt,1at 

.'als:sata~ala. ,ee~te il aseaet.,* aa eatilaaa eta'aec cecie' eiffT-a,'sl :4Asa I wee eel14 ,l celaltI e cec It%-a 

CONFIENTIA

.1541~l 515151:l~l55Il.114 55s.$4jl'I 14:11*4Il 1411 ~,~141s1 34~;I' 116 l51 11 fl ; 40 Wv M11 "S4'- "1 q ~ h:10, 

'171s III& Is, P hssad ".1 ls~iIW-* n1:.10 jllid f.i lit, Wil. 5 fit it , lv4sw. in anVin HIt % . I~~r.-:oVj411 1 5, 

i lY95etibl-. A - 

L.ssII 1.14. 611 . ;sIt I I"-l V411i .s.:5, fislgi .4 iINlssnI:jI igs-4h15141" :..,&r V 1 IN-~ w 4'1.11 i~i-"IsI 

*f11 :ms. li-sswi :s11.1 kilsI .4 13.4.11 1-o 1. at"14 llw' 14141 ,it a 1, nss 11vera 4 v;ýa-ig"11in~' Ill*14'1-.4591. 3ut.11-1-l 

thilswila... .4 the- nisitusn- "I. .ssuit'iI..I uts. lins.' L-.'tf. a .&E..newv 6 1m W Ahe .b0 "1 nmpakins Ili" Ash. 

irsswiisel. itinn tisoti. 11w- e.5e5g34los-ii.li -41114' 4-1111611% -etvsl 10- 'Al-4.. :1 -..losI4h1-11 41IsftfsfrM . isfew 

%,..eV. 111w Ilk:i~.ilslsIIss 1'n-..sn.. :511"1101w sl's r.11 1464-0f rsssg11Ml.. 110,1 sit" ,4lj'15' Iis-H nins 2u11. too X., rimn1 la~si 

Im-.AIIV. All .11w,.'l '''K i .Adn* ,is..l lmtatl ill s.4-1 :lisic % .it Isssil rsIls.sling 11W In-lrioslU4 pemsstswt.. 

IIW,4"415 1l1154. It.'s'35srn olit I)vamm Issu.sl ssl%51 JIM- -Ilottnior-111 tI'.lilUlt 8141319.'141V %U 411,441 iel in 

IVAl a nit-id 11 itlialil 5114.4rl14l .111al 11.11lmw We tim. -.toosl 'vIt :a: rooIis-cot-ivi lInvrterhostefite.. di~i,.s'ims." 

5umr11Inviolw Its, Iiqshw "llbiu 06Lsw .4 lo Im.W0viu . ed ".4eim Vtrb~.. 1. sf11w doo-~ Its-d Is( O"111 nitt I'sIevT istm". 

ovi11 tlsnoUghllw'nlts ololrv oli.&selootif losk.I5Im5.13frte ll.. g54'tlt'' om Iblark ip~vk"N-r""" lm4'4f145145iondwi . 1"4.l 

16M4.4tn ON' I'( 1-11 is 1631 ,I- IK.s'sI es9.s1T #lot qst 's4IfflsVol 11m. 11.01 ,llff351.4 d4 w 1.-I yost.. f'itllateilI 11". Ims'lasklu'nolonl 

it"1 Ilms rls' sif rim- M1 jon--tfl' Imss9srn Il-rytlin, 19. Im 4 46 1h 1 

in ' .tg.&6 Iwstsks'-saslIt.'Il!15t11 oioiiiiiiii IN- 

4ir 1w- Isirfi 

11..M an* a.ttaiiiii51 m1 1154' i-timspolto %1141 111' sdi'k fllittl'll's. 11.11 ox-KTIs S-i-t1itA WITH .\.tliV AND 

AA1154 .4ldls1' :riotti-i f it 11,111144'5 

%:I- iesiblolit 4sno' 14list 

ctlmp Piilral.' I :it mll4i 111114S. '11 IClmmr-4' imilli iribo I W~ili. 

9.s'tl crllsl i gIi K.1111 ~'..-.s 111:11 is 111 mls, mskrls 

4Itsf (.n., leg51Yy g l 'hesuIiwv 

N1111414sf in1foiniatisio rosolvvinb411 t 11Seskpl c Artivisira WZ1341 

are jltIsotlq ill I51Fron 1:1.4( "Italitert 11. it111411 I 1. ' v u-In o4 x-rmy, atitt t.'Iri'tnwt ,iffras'li(m 

li, smnlrr is. -lotoI u-,. if.I.I 14:5'. Ilw1...tI I.4 s. tS 4 vii's~s II1.5.2). Foe' 04Isai s44 this' wow5k alltqts.ef 

kOO U I135A1414't31141 Pi' 6f O~f'IUargs'94s1t& 1&114slots 51-:1511,4- 9e.4.l. "tss1 iII FivKll'1X. wax 4I41.lnlt(io in nlbjeh tlw 

04adzirrselldtKbill -Ass"sllIaws'svw-ww h imopi~s.lsiht 

emIking :ktcvt.' loii ro vsminilo It wao IsmassI IIl,:, Ilw 

puirstiomrawul truip-sra~lilY 3414a fitiwtlisI s01' tillS. r4mrt 

nvs~silmsmwh.. to 06004 hm in a awspliawas 

4156141itiss411 Willi 2.5~ K so( s-iljm-r 131 ji-'t. 314., now14 ,',ilov-s pisn." liii,. 11w1114ss. like the flow Ie'ilt- r.I 

a 1,4"1. nsl55111l sluk 1-111-441 si'slI.'etiauI4 rvws'kittic .4l alsoss9r.1. Wap t.-. tip.. lai linlits-l extent too Itt"' lite. 

ti l- 4111 I~ll Von 114 i's (,,ir. mmuml,1*. -1. tem t".stdlIuI.l1 jo 

mri.5 Ams-4et n -ano.30snln. lit ssrsltr Iso rulet the. siffa-r. 

I.l~9Ts11k'lst 1.. o Il1~ '1~l'~ 

I"o 1 Iiowinx siotiliton1 sof the Isloolairi. thri rw~tirniee.Ia*4q 

entt itstint-66iI. list' imwi..Isas'. wea~s. lit 

t~~lhll'sf '54t4L iiI54,1151.JI'Alm.. Ig' 

.Art Is'5ltll Isle.? 11455 .:41,.o tof. n',-tstinvIia oI~5lseinnI(' gun I~tru 

~ I3'il. 111xI2~It in.a. Iw'IsI ill a ,'vtinwlrio-l *5jWetsflg. 2nd4 

use 111141111 oli~t:4i115I voitis u4 9.arilet 4 ismaiq'tI,s anot. s4"3t14siI fr.,i~i time v41.(44 Ihl141gl a ven1t "tig1. The ilotI 

allsti', are yilwstwot~iiIsI,'l~ uw .4f I1w' oirife in lite veind 14mg sI.u:t' Ilill~v n inIli- 

AtIMNspoilc 15. c1414 liti vtps,i 4 I,'sssu~isrlu 5111' lti n-,. anivtv14. aim411 lie nosomint11 31141 tn. Prof Isimaier n ct the 

s'i'.li"g 

iln Vitt 

tAs'M~1 1' 111111 -iiiiilfit' 1 I 15455.4. 41111 wIslqit-4 iffI 4-11.14,isils 1114. 

I,, '~~I %%-M Ihe N.a durs .144111 fortiti vuin-firoK I lite iiine-i4,sl 

W~ideI :1..i 311. 2.5 x FNII -.Nl I puwsdci 

nustflfll9 ifl ~isr-s14il1 ws1 MOM .tX) :11 

411ji~414111n' n hish llaY,' Ime. inisswtai rin 1141 - A11i .14 %~ .s4 17.11111 It- n-1l~it--ivOY: withI 2.3 it it( !t ,iet.iailY pric. 

se..*ilp.r 11w 1."it '.4111 4i. llg OR1 Imsu' ssrs ca~ls i mntnis1 1 I unl w.lil4,p 

istrr Ise4n ft.31 11411 irfuit birp .Iingslm In~ii 01113 nIII 

4.1.INKPs Ilv ixiinilrv.I.rwt 

4301111as1 4rinIssi.~.VI'141 ikj i ~eifl411 ti 

411114ooA .f' %:I 3 Wi-iIg Oil). AIII-.I * la in - 01510i~Ia 91s1414. Ii.M- Ari s~f 1w le'Sr Wispl wrikts toor~a~ I)'tls'1, runt~tilnn 

"mle, I w s t h is ý i ( tll 1 '141. s'l1,41i iss 1114 1rjinii: lsilsir. jt: "1. lisp,, ilsI.~o ;x 1, lt.i l.aiV j ls l (.~ht M'311,5 1 :, ahli* not 'It-ihi 

11sip0, prinui 3 .iiýIa li.sts o,t isluvI . Iidiva do14,141 111:11 

14ivil-ls in a1.41' ,iilarfllt-m4 : *sit~k., tmiisl 4")%n I- ia'. 

illiie' sl iciffatis sarl v. itistns. ssI~ ijitr 

isf ,ithe iffatiot "1sIrlit-Hi~taiii 

%%:.11 dothe ,sm 1j 1 14 

rw..eotifr 

lithe n.lss sls~isiss Wiftm :o f1w ikl a,,i-5i~ Iiinwool Imitse, I) ( huiami .. ws,.gtie-41mit i 5l.'1lSlV54t44?T.t Vi 

Ile iail. 1*41 ,Itsrhoit is the lSciAihl S-.s611 14 ' :snil:ighils.I)- itdl mui. :lslte'.1' itss i- natial to st in 3 ('ttiii 

v..l tms'4 s diciss 111:16111111 pitn-irte ,.,,,Ii at4~IAt 41 Iilitl~tol. I'lIuit 6e- AM, res.Ii...a ji.litoo 5'l~ l thti"An 

tolssl -14#'Ill1. 6I11si".-4'f th14 lark if4t~ :,sASillinxalE:si--ii. .iaider idissI ,.s-til 4itri- it 6 Iso4.I-iIV ts, toti~lli Rist'.e.I 

1,1o1' s':s 1.iiiis .,f the 11r.10 Is.-s.l a5 114-eti 411 vetass etr,,so hliIftrrt--lialtI 1st1e1s1 %.ithi l:.t)'cr4ie slv :I few 

CONFID N'A %

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ten. .4 11"4u14-116- thick 0 . I$Wu-L .4 ritil -4444 1".1.1 ill :sss.I 1%. fi-ti,' .'.pgr m.id ntIlmfw .Ur vsuE f.k. 

,'%mo.,isle. ;.v. 1 ,iinil -iwhg thin tiI,.,. o. 'sf j.,sgrl.I. Co,. 1114- 'jn',insi'to %%;w ro"i,mKIkt in s pd erit tn. ai0 

.6hariaits s,,s'Jaim.. 

s vlillr~ifn ,th I,.11 , ..rlil istall 14 a filw to tw 4 o .,14 4. 

Tti.'n-sh'.41.ehi.n1.k.,gn.'wf 

giveat its 1in~2.2.2. 

14-'k- 1%until & 1$ sr p alma.i wl tbW4'otrP 

.jaw-- i.l mu itiIill .11.1 t1e ill'Mtiffl Willshtwr.n is 

-4ItI4 . t 4 i s iu Pin'. er-mt Vi. In i, it In a vru~iueItra -1 u4 u 

in %i"%~ hli,:IgI raifla~i:t'e..u III NI~tu.- 1".31101 

inc fror-h nw'iefil iihs n,= iwf shr ypmwIu mmf 4,.&. a Amilotora 6stusisialla phui. 

sll rmhiaJtfrPMaiton tWillst I~i4Is 

votwialil. 1lii- i. s4iKIh n-toIt in ,.igjotu,.umi,4v f--vi littIITi..I,.izoinfal, ?.holo-o ss-arh'nl thu peek @4IOw go 

.4tin-sm. nit. oarI,,~. azwt f'.sitaill"l ina e'nhIIIt All 

town -EX triIio '.:vraw %Ili.'I wub, ig,,udtnl ift. t1w lp.wuh'r 

AM S v..* A -111:111 n'gI:ue1-ivt :g1%X a;:ni: til d M 1.t 

-tit-14 i lob it I.,-en 11*~rvt-- ieirnro 

11i"dieth j5'ibok-t Voh1.' JIM IP- ,'wh'irool .3UPONiaC6 

~~S\> 

, 

N \ 

IN I 

V 'Althin "t:I- g,'n,,jseistvo Ito the- rllptuiMI'hiI U. 71w 

Ws. p~~in--:r W6 11g oil) Iwh~nd iistis 4Ii.k until it biw.ke. 

u'n.itm l I ilia I glit ,,,iin It.,ow to( P too tw t"Isrwwuic tile' 

fIl,,. Isnhi.'ewi li'.uistimmip Ilms"., sir the tcrio.. wer 

\~\\ \\~\ 

44.laiitili "ill aii V.'et .f 23i in. queo.w.as'w ILumv1 

15 it4 tl.tt.Ii'r \i- iA Ir...w 37-mm plu \1 19161. a 

Ib"liispt alvii,ity e 0.7 tots 61'r. n4511 hat. .Iiss k thAtf 

troos tisan' mn,.ide :3 ,sentjg pnfl'.51f .42.3111 Amt~ ini H-- 

tin .of ,, the Ixiii,14'1 g-,.lIirn looonolvol 14. pn-..'tn". in the 

Om lgs. 'it 16.1411) I41.1. 13111? 110. 

'. ". . sk .., .irti'l'.nn lite. ,Ii6111a,'t.'r' Oiw vrol in ,hflfrey~t 

rpa lw .14mttw Miss Any lif'W 11111 tII nia0:11.i-eniI Is fiai till'igr tf t lwv'.,"ni* 

fidies his. ae1gnfre a. t'icomb' 1 .4 lsl Ow~t i't'ig, qh.iz.eIi~'~, nrtiaiffet"" 

Fi'im' , 9 n'ailwr pqwvt- i a...,io",in - fi. theaplo.'rm ine. A..v tirtithe .Ii-.,...ir row N'vttairi 03.4.1. 4114' ,,(l4ws 

AI Iagl I vr' toll'414 v n~t. .4.41 Ilan li 114.' pI (-I lua4 ii'in .1144' r:ill ,.' ,ito.ag,4. t. I4t:'' s .rv tllf W 

1 

tiiisa itj so4 4'11i. aloif . ,Iled Theria axipl..e Far4h '5115lt..1 

Caiitae.~ 

.u'.'t w miii the.' I-o. ,iu'laiino n 

tli4 4.I~lle ft:e. - mp('o ir orkrw (;'mhi't;.e a i 'lal-isbr i&'h.:Ili wa, 

311.1 -11J -oi'.I lulml,' ifi .64.w 0'aI icr lw D g,n. Prv :,I %:,itx ihIib.4p nisFotr 

.4 4114' ,.nstagsne - I,:,uaIn r 'g hy l ot 1xitf-i ftln. ivi,e. 4 Ii I.Th, ii.. .e fIl.4 it a 1 tj'" 31140 I.l wc .- - 1% I Is 

li-a 1. 114.cllk 111111I -v .' lli 114 :I i. : 11ý11f 1.2-ll (4 %:ola l -m slam -t rSI 

ý1 iiwl ll'-j)te .jjI-ti tc4 r... e.v 6 11 h o .14 .. N 1Y 11 il 

CONFIENTIA

O I4-.-4 Ma- fi.--- lu ln!"Viu-14N:lCI~alNt -.. 

:1w Ital 11. is%4T1fqI in~ n slixll. mmuitte.. lsnun isor cu:m' fa~irM *n44." niti.l nitio.'1t- 

U len 114, 'ilulr r *; sI, . Irrei the . b 4, ine :rJ44 11.1%vt 

ollol f4rlip 41 i 4r 41111st 114' tle, 4,1ve I n e-t 

miri'l 1'iemiss" 111%. muml n 

fitlmlt ii iti4 11111. iiN' lgi men:r ,illi' tit- Imomii n'xi'i.~ noLw,4 dem-nivroli:.n Artialka 

the4 I rr~l ul a ,I (4lo,. R-i-,. w mlq. A .vini~nvn~evl ., qitinl 

-4-m il INi1.4 i4..il t41 flip Hill. ~A1Iinl-u .1 lii~fatit( 

rthe4 1111,44 ~it:~F 

Aoltn lite lim- 4 fire uittiliigt- l moiY31.1131 iventI 

in em'ft '4 tile lommslm 4 Wm.44 ildW Poroow ~ si o, 

fair' ertiaait~Itfit- ,Y.Aen%-t. .1 hide Wam-sv gn-n'e' cn: 

till- nerk a.( tll-i uiuiritdRe n"-'e a'.nik itit via-' 4uelimmim 

ni Lasi'~ t s~ . 

-4 iljiig o-f the. a%~ sten. 1irlm rrsjmorrme in tilt- rasiln-tjiiot II'l zm Cs at rirnim, tmuillwi-nlmi'no.! "It 1 -11111 prv.-i41r4 to 

i11M impfiw'lw:,- Cr~ili n. rM1114141 ill m~ ltrv,4 I vinm ad1 i li 4-nmopmllf40% .iiliilktmicalnly Ito ilont.it I .INI) :mI i its' trillitll 

e4rwi-o- fit-, mnnl,miit r-itr *.!f- dvoit fillopto Aviau',4 w in" l tigermi will Impi' manenns4i litv mm11 c tag *IxJO c. 'nit 

highd. Ini -11erria1 it- fljNim1 Ish r-tirrm m w~t otvliim.%,q artia l ri-4' tof Ie'imerlit ir 4411tirW il,414'naIinu (mte : nirtia 

too I Intemm4 *11 $o~ r teats4. ao ilo None~. 

'l1me ifael mtwir 114.11 -mold Ior im:,-o too INAi stiff fil te viat mli.. ij i.iiupnen," swin. miptle 14.....ilitlva~ 'tinkly 

tWoni nuilb r' s. 'imi-li :%, iiiin'itt-ui. 44? tit ganjor ttlt liii.jug tlti enutmivl (46 fle, tli' '1 beimitlivi,alim:iI (.11iimmnentut 

C-,,II4.-ta1l pm,44 tt. extgtilll iiiis.81 eaim -v:nu:tn Imist II. ;xstv~l4-r Im.ano aimit :114,4 :iffertiil iaitiug Irtwelein 4-it.ni. 

'hut' Weer' lii'mYvediimn pmiovidecl extnt 13iMonit fear fip.. t'31 a111m t Imirl 'thrinii tfinrtva by timnsti .11 tit, 41 Iri 

I~I-4-0 fmISm iligi-pi-jro:me i~r nv, rintrm mitl%:i, tmi~l at1 mit-hl p,4 :mirgti. With istiverW ilrit''igi aid i~llmiitti it 

,iuipkflat- 1114't1 left by fill- Itt'i..mpf' %%r~.' p~s"A-u in,aaaa- uila.1plzm.little im'I.~, in.l-i 1411mr.:iilp 

dati:u4'y imy a 4:141 Id P'Lli.i'tivwv :1aivoil~ by tilt-. itoper. miremi oka 11.1 mvy will lt ifi :, Ilie.-m uze nle a tm-lyi iigiia- 

21eW Ilam 11.. rgovelninn' was. t-nnh. l,111t ilit .3;lj4ug"Iitla Iilem u lt Iim".-a inl .1 join 

'.n'% 11411 oI'.iltna.l air it-44hI fair fit.- ri'fianus evol~eiaiiti id Anm ngixtrintis..' Ib:,. was n-44 ifgu mine ,tIit'pniminnioy 

Ijim-der Mj.".1 exlae-iimii-tt' 44 Illis. 6~imn i ilh~.'II rnitl lin Fgimre it. 

'he ( 11-bifa'4-tad 41f1am' :'1:;trif-dtsi m-w 4In'-rilouuil ii' whtichlioslaw- Ihe. :i,,'a'ibletlu vimiiarr.'tar amnd vent 

?u-1 im,,. 1I .5.3~ mid~ II6.3.2. Fifinist .4 var itmis mei4 :1, * ilaile. '1' g1-e - iiign~-l bY i the 1 pisltin.wh~ich 

ti'm itiri flab' Witit' mixi4I unilo 114' Imiwaht a-bmrlgu... wri" *Irivan Im. ai faminiag waigt.i l'liil- Wr 4-P''iNlIX-lli41 :1t 

miva-ait-v Oi,4 not4m4L w-4nt- -':Mm:Iiob, in all iiljort-t. flit- Iift.11im-; *fit In'm-ioii,,Ir Ilinstg'am lit tle ill tile Ad.il 

%%a.fin .m .a'a n4q19I1,4'.'illw iii.'1 fit 114-oflig tin~lelia. The1,u 1,4,1 ,.mm aid fli4- v~Iiisslir wa'''; -4-aliI %%ith at pie izim- 

:4141 y i-l :1t1: I a-':,:1,1imal it.v x..'-m '.1:41Yisvi ff.r nier. 4.Ini161 ii .;".g janifviu-tmiI 1) -v :e It-eil 4i i-k kim.l .'lwiei P. 

wim ii'r fa 14rAmmi tim 4~ rnim-ime i.m nwlmictit.2' .1A sloil in lel.' ' ukk ".:t- lint-Il11 %im la f.ii I' t t4..a:Ieg 11l01C 

!41,1114. ,a 141Wfinq rv 4lcm-ahaitll ,. "M. 4-re jia':1. s-nn uuii sim du Itl flit-' p1. i~ll witti~ld isi:, 1-1-m.ak tilt-' v'~iexi to fie 

11:*1 IN I-I D)EN'ri %I.

imm11,fse -imEisrv I-tm- 1q"'1 f Iss*"laKI a venit phig litnsvjvn tor :ir.rnt at flopw jm'-mwmooirm~i ts mhiti 

Mair"mI pwrhAq.I.VLI ii,10 

(arqrw oa..w irll-~i. 

-~p, NI'6 wvi,,sst- 1 4% Iiss fl:,f 'sira 

.&*4vpp. inmi al" o - Iswm Ow 

Ilynot: -161-4 '11 1113 41111Y OW~i II...js4uqI r,,s WUAP&j 

fwv m- thoo anpwo& Tbp amirei~ ovo~i .wp rhgvmor 

mium~mliof ew,.nw -r-ft~ws"Xiir 

r i tsi~ s lor ts-'i..L 

Islssm-k as( 'he si' 14 Poostr 11.1. t 11.r fillip so( s"[PomfrIns tk 6mo istloorilitC 

WOpIoi 10-':1101.11t 0111 M.r. 'A lad.i oi 'h~fV4 ':zfisW t titmeI 

Tb.W enjf lNism.' rarrivoI titsif ith IN% npsjirmi'451E tilsI,' of4 exiormo5fl 64 hit' lie .itpirni -M to s. ssvis'i. o 

%bit*iru r Sut'ws-riu.I inm Swr'ill" 1 1.6 P-140-AIs'I iIT. litil. tit Iptinsin~ill OW1 AliVIii #of 3 3.11. OW M'O~R'mn XlAilatitus.- 

'ws.snn t'sisrtrm". ef'~a'.I.Ii.andp..p tnsmasit dwustw 1AB.191 itsmomoq. ,rnph ljulirii 

0* .. 

IIIei w~ii.q~''I n, ~i.Mum .s'MS. .6.s6166 tl s6661"d w~uA. 4'p. 

I A bar ,. Mq si I i .s t sjrA I Iev,.sf lITI6.~ wti so n . Iý m h . "It joiin ,' i t t's I., 4 is:.tI I wk 1W s Un east .4 f'iir m" nlam 

forks"I a . Figu re',ni 2. -~ A t '44 IM' 1 .'Iist N". A42'1.1 r~~" s'~.si''1 i .A Ft iacti' t 1 .6.ir(:rt 3 b ts'nps t rire 6 th 

in 4 ~t' tme"sr:.'. gs's.i' s.is' s's.~ 45:sI nsiIiq mid o -4s~i ~ ntit .I a--) Mui fi.g 

m666ithsig hI'N-frtý 44r. 5. 6it-i :i5i.ntr i. fhv 41..' st.'r~n."I snimmi ..4' it) 20p656 kw, risrlw iiv",'m 6 w6~ith~ 

eme jit 

s1.'ik' i4 junoisite -if. s.C i n ' :,,.s i~i~nr 4 '.4'r 1mmst i.0 #: g II- jw. mI~m sIm- s:i~ it) r ti-4 . I ss'56.issfnr rIvent urti. s 'ti'ithe 

Ivor'. i ssniment Ivrt' ~t c I -. vr :m a': e's hl. titsIi the1. :sits'iml sm-Ij,'s,,'4 th . :16.4511. h.vr vP Iv"tr4s n',.,. r~ds.f It min 

2 814en 4:i 1t,011if.'r litl :1t664'* II 'ltniit..-if 5..'.'tr- . ,,iw.r,.sismr't. ImwIoii ilvtA te1- 6611,5('66lg. ioit rM Im lteq i I,, 

'no mais4 i mevs. ij~.615:t-Int.14 t 

.1 '111 mn :. *is' i.,'.5 11ns~i viin', :,''t n'i' i i muls.s 4..6': it'r V4 .51tin ta t 

:so Fivrr W)W it -2.vkn -1 aliIt ll.i dimml rihl'*NTIA 

Vklhf~p 111 llI. ol~y" tNviIII163.. 1 -,rt(tjIThs Im -vr.:11 rrt r W+Ivi~ 4 t i 

rvill ~ ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ l-iel4r' ~ ~ n~di~i~lI(=-p ~ ~ ~ ~ -~ Shm-it4 

-v I4I v~uimm4 ~trmis-r~ 5 14 'mn lt merviy. im.filimijot irr it.:im mitv

TELCCW o $Mfg 

.4 'maib'.' e - fiti. eam. lam. mmna~mmil a. Flgun-ta 4 .4 NJ )it(' 11.pa I... n ld 

aicmc'mlajilf 'a'ier .1tamtaclitcat ii. evaclamcil"t n1, fclit-' a1e4M.4i- Ill.- .cce'kjmaic ailmieaavae'a cm,. a KIM Imcivt iAmn'fara lit mwmt 

fear nui~nilear. Bet'lter' iami ntil u so flit- aiim-antIm . cMighmt liX rcaiaiei s1a 114-1a 1 3l1011P. 1146~c immegmmrcel .ttit Atmmaalalpo its 

ealfalcmirmi aa kis i to~m.cmmmma omldie inmc'ewl ad Ilo Im' liaal-1ii" icent'aImaii 13.5.3. 

caeMu"Out frmemeir uovil. 

A. a Icjida* ti clljmm~liamet 4 liowii.ark its the 

faiflirr it j.' uaiteIt l6m lsi- liaC4otva;ccl 4ifliffictm-tie,.sa- 

U.. Alopuaratmlm rAir C:avitationm IFrwiton 

tpantmialeca. It uat aie ifflirtil Its iimmailcale flit- olveri~cman. 

camml Iltaa'crrfi. eanamg la 6wa-eea I1 ~llalt r.0114 .11mel siml,- 

( aviatlpfam e"raitoa~ w:aa ece' l to( I he lalavlianiait'iac otcml- 

6lsand cu m tin fit'mea lea adititce f lit- etiblammreoi-fltaaa' er~f 

Icelear wcas ca fn.111a'.el ly 1ilajcal tilina,:lcle aacicai, ... elffe'mit mmcce'riamlc. as, ala'am'filhiea jim 'akwliowne 16.3.3.. 

lmiii. lainaxiilv ieram frivia lmilt cmi61amcl a'ma I lse .lplammctllmb alaimenli ceavaiiala'bl a. I .henaaamir iIt.nie'iah 

c'eul-Iit mail a.laaa id lnsak flait- .iniacm.amlm.n ha'lie di-ihacrar I-' itmalcalikv maul .maced fear I lice litrlsitke." rite m~ie 

didm full art l ammaiecrimalYi'l aiaIl- .ma-fca'tiv lail tc'mmeial it a cs a-Awamliama'rodin iva wclr i. flit- liawe'r e'naii eelto nia'ke 

a-a leampaaltieOt rl '"Pala ilac'cr,'ca e 

41 Ilke' -Jwl~csamlalm'atmg acvi o* . mf 'reje aea iii vilaii ar-. hiceam ly agnmatactitfetiltler 

luiip i-atmmiva-l jel amudeiavff'ala'1 t'lio, irrmetilalcic-y I jica ofl a fr'wmeplae"'y ceff 1411111 r :41141il la ctamm11litamlde 4a 

'au imaa ea waMotle* extenat tihe' 1eca-i-alcatit ais 

teiaxm atite'r, i -ancm eilmal ha.v lihe *t.are'a. 

fitlee' ac'k -atemat 41.05 mcies. Aftar it mim'fiaci' ecg Iaow 4i Iicme t f~ ime 

.tmaifaae'm wmtc alaaaamm ii emma. Ia-.caajaal is ita ca Isin- 

.iiApIicmaceluy :I4KI .%taf*ixce~~IliaI'' aa.'alcar mimAnie' lcaiw'Ie tic'Iefeitaiae thea mita'ma ct ci' nwmaa. 

frnice a011cmmilicrlma'ivot. Ilai rci411 iiIe' the mrf~arm canal th flamit- lt'aci% cal' 'ai'.acm c-,catihatimaclSc. Ilme' steaa.l"a6 wera' 

mmea-mea~~aal 

aar id q~-aet-4i4i ''ea au.a tam'li Owna aaerc'amae'. . 

li~lvdatInccaaling to fiiiaa ll- ili-i'mtv ( 'if"' Aeae111 Ice rcvia'.mca 

"cllagaa -l 

.,(:Iaaaaa ctc ijecjplm' alaca laiac''hj .% ;.:,4~a. n-i' ih-'il~ .Iam'.e-a flat th llaa'emmal', that,. licel 'acm 

eit. %%:lIs n'1m-e':It IIlhat. cae-hii. ea ut la'cm mmati' '-Ist aviat i'm~a 4-mtalma:stil v' elm. ".~ at crc.' ta-c-I 116a.al 

ama. ama'iaeml ac-aa. jals (im lec l . cdt Iiasaim aca. Icacl %itll mlea c-ce 'imcl. ma ma -am -Gaaac. ciccal 'aI " a1'1 c 'I-T 4. . 

'at~ ~ ~ jecaa'l.rnc ~ ~ ~ a ~ alc catil ~ aca.mace 'raaIem ~ ~~~~v aua.a-a cmcalimuaa.i vi c- a'rae' wmit. I acl at',,a ar 

aens. 

that'cm 

clm leeaaaleV11'. e-'ia.a.c -aimaimmeIa iaik o toiv~at mca 11 ica .1 ,,cci eauclacaema'iala c'miar'cll aa ea

Ifo -t I, 06P .essort~r vep-M it 

.4 sew4IN. aloo All ai..0 1'se. W .n.it m 1101011441-4r. isniV. "Is.l 1 flar- 111 I~gif w 

notoorit -.. tivoizzI.- g-n.m 4vmiia4. fia 11w Olven4sl5 .4 o..ssil lm- m-iullY refl.lAif 44hrmlw'0 rC 

noi.4o:nieil vion~or. a lu-ifti-o ,..r 4at5io.q m lglialot-i solo.. 

Whore"mir -ma-h a 4.wqwhsg1: lim ý I...me .. law O le-lstortra. ,m4wPO,, Si 

se~s)I,:~t u;AIET ~ s)!44iWii -: riwi' 1-n. guim hino-lv'ialsaamnc5lgint9. frnift, 11i-W Wia 

fir F.HEOlll II'tfIt(l1 Ts dlmg fu ia* aearuud maueaaulmolmviia 

0.6$elmeiai Lit lee :,mif van olvi us- mo-rt A froveee flor fpvlt..' 

..uimmtan- ioei al.s mr. 2 mef2..J4umI.T osa 

In mps, I-- neinks-Ie -eammialmnal vol-oofflo. gwnslsto. 111121 eg1tavler -1illop,- asn tier flam krui littl .iid,,- p 

as( r"metc f-antol .mn the. low" umavfm"- #.4 p111w ifs. eip .masIi. iraiiu~j smilet~ limP 

falo-s .u*5. s f-itaeloono (noess f5hu. 1111alen~l-qee 1 ,i ASniIAv-6-'4 Ior 

ofen.ims ..Il ool 

~ ti ,,..ii1-11nutvial IA indoinaelit,,imet 

twitaiii-ssk Isivro fiornsalon- imnfoor 

1 i.e i- .ts-6toupa- mttrbsheieeiI ini W.i4-tivoill 

3;.5.31 ~itmitIy r,.:ksass.i covaiieiss l. its (awl. 

nugsiIi it ~s..its. tee mo floor lampl aind. :,im grils'. 

uitmSe6 s.w~munikglwnalsgs'.45IwIgr alfirnt e~l'imo 

.esslas.-v. Ihag. -16os- w-n or evintiiitie~s, .ir Iliijea. i 

T1iw .m4 na~ I"em fhi-et is~ w~~.vaoloor-9 with 

;wle..'.afila. mloih s- ro. nonsi-. vina-r aim isitlI .1clisitive 

tp id.. -o.v flor ila.ltias-r 5gdiim1sm #-as, iav Ia- ail in.. lot n-tIu,Sat.* 1 salV.rAf gulwar. ;I, A4-reelai aI .Io.f., 

iookgW,. loAh-~.~tsafn~ma nvwl. ("nti :an-u. lthal 6.m,..-. 11". a-aa-of tlw-.e istujsa 

Owni gIsola "t~, i"Ottaluhm.I its ij4Sfl 

fasie las-"Il inie-. ols..y mrv. rsmsv..,e 

14w f uts. im 

flwom tI, 

cruoak-mo asiea-rsual'arol .4aal tfealls, "Wir aiN 

riitnow'.q-ingvhtor ~lwir.. In 1 mkli- 

"Jolomr.film 

to stas.ing ihirrLIloaimefil it Wat~ionss- 

Ina taelersor~m-i-ims. 4k-ia-lvv in K-iat11.1.2. flae.06 o 'Ilei,4.algrr fitrianihwif , ouratm W (flat 

loova .iss(.*ia torsolesri.. view sli.-~loolmI osmwe-lssg.-miAlv. -i--i nss1wrIi4IWrsra ~.e".ane 

In slwsillier tuo., ri- sgieqnl :itilo..L usm-,-~i-iulami-mi. no'-"'sisitco,l-I Iw v ra~o *flwev-alootaitL'. ai dy..iv 

I Ifil51-emsii. Ow -rv".-4. ;mmvolmsee1.nsraIM..IS infll- lota I4 sINe ,riik-fl.lival 11113erIviai zm. 

4 

11W I-.us 

... ag~aasw.Bm~i. I gii--mma~v~i--.l~me S..gi% 

Iiasi-. a-.i--nl.Ius,$arli~n11.1 31. In flooiollse-. Ilmi. 

4-se in Weii...1 e i. 521.1. no-.farerikm-1r. 

1-ro-i..aim pae-slln't. "-i% 1-61X s1e- -I-M4 oaiwfa-oer- Aris di- .44s Ite.rvs% 31 sit' 

Icagiilo #4 5. TI. sip i. g6-4-tiagg o ine ,l-cIiom she. C4,sue-i. -icaltxv- fwln Eo..sne, inA wi'floorio 

I'ro4isieumtt tio im-g l~-nei elsalsm -i atuai l elites.. fe *.hrhitc-ainh yesIjeels 4 

put-." a.st4ni~e promiltwt- f-..nseel in it joine lomi. I vivo Ie-rra. . t~d.,o-v I~im in~as- 14135.4 .iz. 12.3I.1 

if a ia #4 "naor-.- isvri-t.ry t,, eu-vopw sig-n--.t 

livlq- .4 sigilagegse.l ;m in, li- fni g lit 11. i ~ sl 

.Inte last- r. r 414-,slai 

1. p-a.. i 5,i. Ila% P, 111-4-11 r-' 

w loi fur omforio .4 irn-aimw theat 

-~i.1 M aI .11 It irslm l %%:I' .~~i.a.e 

miri .iI iii, ":5.I-liar -.i1i11lY I-Y a :14itisig Own Iso-ia ia-troill-ni 

oilmt 5It m-iniwe rsol~-aac rignd auth am-tiaw- its 

Iii, fo mils in 

t5;i+.k a 

hi . miimo #~w Pý.e ahu nwf:,I % it imm.it iat. 

4 

%r-ttiioe jj'4g iw Iloo sh s-s-rn im ;nodilm.e 

ron-uiesve lpmn.er gjrf ic-li-i. 1hi1mss-~- j~aa-r vt .45ite ltS-ij 

as-W14' iv W-l,. in I1W finte - rwirk Y.ieltici nued an-I 

$.r~-t a toi hiss 1 m.. "st ishsfe..ama-a..0 ttf 

jugl 5I.-,-ru..i-.,ll1aWta.ea~~~~uf 

ciasiut- 

tfivn-rs. %.n. diff, lift I,. slimiiit. lit i.."V.e- o, sitaimg*l .4 fiw11.141 [1~,,(bI later iAiglar."- 

.Nt.I-Mi i.tI.ili. 

enet vs-I ,.isins id m. a 

*1,1. _fu-i-ilrs, Va,- Ii-fl o.llIii t~IY r 

-oit hi-, 

iq.S.i 

4 nl 6t wit re. give~n fits, S Ii - 

.4 ite s-- -p. -.- if * .s4 s16- ir-m-ak. Iwv rili 5 .Irv :,.-Ymm SI.."'ime.'n I.. IV* ,L.6-11m.t.Sr Fqri fmil:"I nut It n 

.i~iYn-..c ,... g~~a. 1 ....- 5'ir-. 

shiS i a-n ii . si-It.I-,ti iutrnt ail s' " .I n 1- icritin :11 !.a % 

1W I ;J lof 'I *. no-"rllij, AM"It. 

flii vi1%4 "t I, I. orm lot 111110-S

t~q,~f qf? "bEN~ OW K4WJilosisos ,WsiisIs**lo 

u alIa'r XI I.). I. II.p 'I * oii osslinvoimaipi u te'nspenotoln'. m fliofxi suit :masa littlei air list ii'itieniult 

,.sit.i, .~fill :1 -of 14,; hli. Ydr liuanl IN.I~i. AtIt ronsini 

ro-a'titr. Ifii i.iloollisslI that Its 14 %a1 4lir i-4-:2sslai-1silts Ilme 

.is'vMsrivlrgn miasisaiviss; 41ltww',;. allwil ofi the sam4 

weks'- tslasi'. It I.:i,.s *sslsirtasgit Ifimat lif"- ts'a'iwvlterm' 

4 

44d~ l siesst 1 .iimi 'ais1. i- 1 a lielai 6tas'is Oaosi 104 C: 

7wallija lh:r tats ave Ilassit so-11s1ats'l fr',111 the' 

1 

n"1iar Iolamv o pv155 limirilpoila ti 514' inif its.11a 

fewr if it i. iam:ssivsvlrtI4 nii :a~laiswti tsp -mnoilm its pommit oir liiafl lissisi tlspint :1111 :m6l1 vI11-14. uitin. air ,.slifata' 11i:1 

"l1"l'sla sho1itial4H 

i ad I hei"M trainIke~s Which'a' l fiii m In-a Ion' m-fit isitmrtsI (uim i like rs*pflot*r..iIsi 

I. revs'is'sl i-Y dow-i. it 5i4fl O1K n iia Imminss'sgatmiti seta 4i thr ,.utiimsot~m opiiekil y64#6L infwnwsiasimi ata ti 

hkyIC1gjt4d usisim sad irma, *s. ah dhwtw I v$irimi" firvAi a bum 96-a lwu Ioismi em 

Ne'ither'a s1a4 4 stw4hai'5ImillH~,Si 111.11 lt -, mainwoaIuv :siimmoii ne h-at iIptl hol it,11'r sr owgildingi Iiivtal lr#tnting 

-t~cisitaki iI :a miiiilavor 4i eveii'tl1I% io isqo boau toIlse liansis' 

asamivs atin,-.1116ist11114' 5'4'faw'1 I1,446144 

voi i plhIier"iamnlem S Iieuraco-i rj.a~o ''liI 

isi".'still briaigtafter MtalT I a "'n 114 r imrsitia iinmtmlis H4. Dir iwagtr~im-ing 

of Fr w Sio Pmc 

f-maitro lItY the imilsi'.timiH aid Ils4e limswis'v luoo aatul 

,Ivel NV It 114 Ile atlacka'I 14ililthe~ f1 ilils' 111:11 hluy .Anasthi' type 'if imfirs.litian aif m'rsi-iasm pawhwtts 

a1W %w 5 ially~ PVl~mol's too Owe ,asilitiigs. Fvvit Is'rnsw' .4- friviaIls law hn nrfa' in~iva'a1 thorie. id a a'sppp 

idi.'. IMrl4'1 1,'14 iass sls*. is' Bil414islliasi gIsasla...v l40 Moorishiila ,silthasin. "lits 6~ if '.aaiili 5h %A li'h 

A' ti lll masi ltIat id :a ftew 11milia0wto( millsiigrw --n: s:,. n ala K I;.-- fs'rrita' fr'iag I set'tini Il the ria'-''i'1ml lirimi 

* iys'l mssi.ooth mir if..si' 14511 rolitsi-a'i its 2 sir 3 main. loid. 

a rosal u l~iv*mia 654 Ilsofir nasin' miasljium-e'*th' icsk maiay 

mills. nhrs isis-t: aam im' l, misa' iii ilys :aial exituillimmia Iii. 

:a Vlosiilsitialisill so !-it :rlsm -Atsi1. fititi toa iflstt~fla'-,s. no1 

t:L hMMUYII at&& usiit fl'i~lltim.seen O~ra ruittiUsid. Wilk .1wqta,...',l ine .tsii6f Us-%± I I pr~aw'tis rI ica 

fri-A ,.ilti~tisa.. 11 thr osswt;rv its dn'plv a'wasssL. 11w mum~uWav@ imiwshife tIA't. Citrivik'u4s'a ads'lasipsiptvo 

41si-N'le that Its lisssirva'l ill liii looilltsouso( Jid 11 maiiksa 4,%- itinlA'. 111141 iiitraia's %verr uilis riaim114. 

Ims- a im~aiei pa~il~ile m~irfiterI its. 1114' "osltatici than 

n-iasas. n-slor-t-4 s.m lms ms ie'tif lo Irsin's'limrfi mitiisrast' 

71 l'11c n ttinviloa- liiiiire aioli 11 1!'ailvitilt IM 0 it stre 

TttlATUhI.NT or litsiviDi-r ro" ik11"imasiial chlsisidsa (OWaa(IiMl' 2112i il n 

Tsion'sstWrIT fil-s xmlia-enws'iml li cilt ripiwsllin 1114 fipms tiiel o SIX)tmili sir' Witter. '111 mailifilisilý11 fisa l1e'rail 

th isa' 1stssiiiunn. thea misiitlars' 14:Im ft nsi-far1ilils a 4s,g 11'sm. f aIilmillc :a.J~i'atais 1114 iilimted \ stit Iv iatar tsp a vsitillile 

taiissar .1uirrloiumslasI ' v ire'. 1114a' saiu'aiii aai 14:1% t-R OWs'ias siosno liter. 

vo0ids asslis'iIiol rat satrl :smilsli5saslsrsiasi totoi 

I riala i ins. h'I r'g'n iri slse ims- It.il at res55Il temiliesa".io lIt m~il 

if 114i4ti-,lif. so itf Isa'ii''~ii'il 

theliaan f1w"lil' waslis 111rs'aiisruiiiilaivaY 'tm1 ars loaq-4:ts1isi'iip ahassilpis'liaamifii 

ltistiasio Is ss .still rifhmgiti: smal sas'si Waashedi illI~s tf! itms, adelisss4Isil tilt Ilisa' sapajgpi'mei bail wass rvtlis.saiva's 11 Y the 

n4aiii alshiami a'isiiaa'amm r i atstiollilhlaiss. ;ssmial fiaalvY stalls itt114'le i the'ferite' sssmw arsimilateiy di.clvr.ilsa. Ctapraacst, 

'( .Il~.' sils-slsiti. t'ssr wsa.-siviii ts itlah mieli reuriKlt vhaii'siis wma al- s sr~ise'ai it 6~ mahihsibs' ill the mi'nstii 

were 5 ( tivimsl itsp Itsa .'iffiriv'as. ihia' 1141k sif I Ia' ~hssiaisi hail souaisssha t~t ,iasiiamiitlc'ii waate'r. Wa~sa-la t4 ifal si -ri't 

silt sr sv ii rifistitioix 1451% slaseiil'si:%llfrlacssialutell :154 losoo- miats. smidsei 415gn-wvla i-,iqaivssas I laieitirs'm. was Ilaioe 

.il ste. imoil t ica ro-aasimsimi n',umsivaai Is .v'i uissiW m-irlu-i- firs.4 \ith oii tsilissl.. si 41 ith' firlso~aiait jifl ls.'fssi'' sishing 

iigp sat aom 'sa M s C'. so, lia'ii'ti l1''B I the'ldx was' l p4tam it'sa %I till ai 511'. 

:5 -siss 1hs'.aisii~i . 'Pae liaaosrsshdlY ai.la .a~ido sils' 'lis n'aga'sit N'.-;i'appslaa~l dirmt'alo ti Ias' Lasa' *uiliozi 

smalast n-a.I *i fast x-r~ay. immotio*lispia. .1sha1 -'ietiliios F.4 Isisi' arpi aisim a'at iot. rs'ittimsis il as i stiart tsil[ IssuE~ 

silv I.if 1116- p55.44's ht' is' fs44tihisssl. 1i11. a-msasstslt ii' stsa a.stl ii the.sia Isa illissas isatd av 1514 i5'riV sing slssi. 

fri'jaiatstl lv pmvit''at iii ihvs ro~iaiia, 6ssa it-o ii tsska'ci 'lisa' flasla iwara theiaas picikail 44. aSaaa'e thle 'ta'ci wss 

I sl1itfi tim' Mpi'-es 6ii ,'ahlimsssa Isi o nlssil ss'itligilt sstasiisasI I i sisis Isa111-f- s.' i iI Ia'4-a. vs'se the Isa' mpi'r 

aill 41s11sl14-t.a uitalis stsl. 

1'slierlstiig 4,1111iil~sl ai mlolssii siIviii-its's isa thes *ssssra ail tlss fl:aelimi wa u4:1siat 

Ji1.- 

CON'IDEN I %1

Itgil" ' ovs~ern W nlotemi' AnV .4111 t INPII 

muiniivo anal 11:1. hon I,- n-in.0niI It v file. o.ki~nspingr~K I:.ia~i Wi ,.i in .tu11id.#-.,(rrq 

4 

,-.41,in ~ SM i~aon ~tt 11.43 To 0091I Iwll IW- .'..nflimI WailI, lis111w n 

.s0ep 

fplsaAWrS' 

Ilisl h~avr I I' obni 1*9 Ano.lv f1w a-pb .ulda.- pejewtv dof 

tnod4nmislw tsfrlwvidnlY od.Iv 

m1 fliverRyuaoix 

71w vdnvdeow. that was.vA.vIi-invdiw s.i~thad-l a nmIoigt a rtiintlis4(vv-dlsPefc 

;111 wtt'ywainig r'imq',It. ifnet oilloei,* iuwm..rfiti arval. Vin-n # 1 uw#h4 s iwit'cigm'.l frvmnt tiw- lom*I N~iUfarv 

Wt% oll-10 0116 to1114 NOi 1ILa1 IwIN' h*%'P Xgfrert? weir wl iu bmaIIW wilmirniust fraises *wo untiwro liv ot-In 

.wikann too attck byi fI.. or~i~p10el flnhas m inon. Tflni, trnatitinw aids a-vubie~sh -olv-al s" s a ow alroalsi.. 

1144 ewlivapm l.o-toli ama mot ~i.~ ib' is w ves w' ewous4WI 64 thw soodsolikiwe .Ishus 

Two# 

arm 

at"I ina l1w mmora thm:l lite. ornit *'tima0iiolit ' v is 

to-daily' 1c-vil. If is intionert:11il that4 11". nIlall feet# 

uinosypa~i.l.no liw 

maui~rlol (1t la 

i,1Tdo -I ir,l tell in fip. li, 1inil woem 

miri uflicitsiK ?lie .4i-IW'li-po ei-N iroiii.' 

hralulusavaI fo. amimraiiis ,unotatne spiells Ow.e -Idvriinsrn 

Age Inn, lamni a lints, ns itjul-.bik-o p"04nai jM"Int-t. 

lowest l ivoedol n( 1w. andi 12! toy I.'iltlicIE a ngivict 

flwt 11W linotumo .411 iv-'o.nI:1mnort laI"-I 1uhinanhin the 

nflete.v iltis tS nin lili. Et-nnails' ii .'. nninifit I lionistia. 

Wtay flowOla''wIi.O Hinle "11w aitiniti. 

l'~iiii1i'to, ,.hior th.611 nq1141ilwfliver mWOW vi 

IW nap-i. ". 'lino nts aiii~ joiitini cariveI-es A444 In. THE. ItOFA(1-M,1 OF: S:U 

* m~~~~~~~~~~"itelii 

wnt, A14:1gfi'.l bitI in,.i.-,l alaiwonsiati. al 1'n A. L ioalad~.ialrj 

taruw rioftn.in .4 *i-aint-'. -oulfiol,'. 1014-Mlwv iih a 

kv uw~wS.'d t,.ni l1w u-n*W b ialso,~ steidun-.s llsoui 

F:~aminaltipt on( futwe Surfatee 

'nor viý -icads uoAfiVM" .4 one Idiom obW miar% its 

tile 12-S-Z le Iwzmnvw.-intnn~efiiffaod-fete. in. ri t~hilednols.,athedid 

Vr 11" P" ol . 

a.-i-. nmcT"1.-Iithsu arqlt.-n.'u. to( ulot-atioe off :let iums'u--iwt'w. hsi.. 

a se.si~opgiui 4 i,.~Inx'Y ipaa~si-iinIam ,iIsle". te vk it l iiris a 

ariejl h=il invami-..lrli. II.s'ir.iv~~stinfttivp in- :ieisw ~ 

Lunwi #-( .4Wheat slnidet I..' rCq."Crte'l topim herpps in 

ins. inial his wmet-nl 4-x;m rii'ni* in rnau-ftillsy Wlicnhf- 

1.4lle-n, w:4s Inuit, i~uuwl'iw ,.K too .'pid liv.',lov. Inglot gun 1mm. In "sIowt. 1n-' mint-it tic' a ml:'tli'tivf. Ilia. 

0-64 inif %il t f~ie-uai, jea I . :1 lw.-.,Inluzavu h % Ae.rntii4 n'--#11- :an eteit io s liffli'iitt In. ili-wrei w lint AL'ei tiew-T 

iflr14intt. 11M.1w -tioie-W Aiit i,,iiii. h1.iwi'v.r. was, an- 

14041 IN," whnis~ly X-mr~':enlY., f l- jwmuolin-oitas :s,a itIo 

dtfiItN.iiffirnt its lm*14nceigraiei in mnwh a war 

w~e.nl In itsn i.nn,' ev ha"Kt flit invs.'tiputnr him. S 

4ON 

leade on(mviuigli~ts'tu' ti'tnix in flp een ith ýuri4*idnj a. 

~'nor rmsf.'t'ujtnp itt'?~litvi ea j Owi w snwin-opmeae' l, 4w-~t'i fil tin' gm. anih sitrho. 

ILVI IT" '11uI 4111-V'ol 11 1I14Ielira 'n , in bt- lio.-non' hat %:i .4 f Io-lr-' - -ii.level fitjo .4 oflu I n'srfe. Tieua I '~it 

mu lu"re -Inui'miIn' . 1i2'n.3 

4 

1cc *iem konmv4e"-'~iv-Ita iiirfsw fmfnvtý 4 .teladat~ig vi .4 i.,ui.ci'n '1cc lilyinntir 

flate lioo i-in. %A- Pi'.er.jMiml 1t4i.c l,'m Id 1 n-ciii,-ii41 Ieru'til a lxsp itlim-ircn -l.M n.i I1-tha l~n vkIed-if 

as ovik".' wlieji a's~imivriu-iI a en,.t -if flit- n'l n itiihi msti Hit 1umoiigiaqwn1iw -iieu tAs t. 4". kitan in 84a-.w1%i~ 

fr*ti' .v-litnm A n'fini.l mpI ideIIul ii h ig ng .ni a 

M- alt nm 

111,11.2. 

4 ,1ni .4 "-i'K~ ni611 i .i ~~vh ~ Iie$ "-in 11w NvMotWit.,rI-hiv vcansioti,-vt i.in'f se't i1e.- Mot 11411`11i1i 

musts .cfv'' 4a le ''i~lt i-i'w l;6cvnImc" ; I I ti i'lie t - I-#ti tin', Ipr....-retln- it livedi tiiwin-lil mIid a 1--ic'il n'ii'cla 

eiw' ~ii Iimi,' Thvi I ciin:c,' v,riieiiig~ wilel Owc millicn,'cil li topuew iic-ioti l ~ii'.' iia I hi vit-sr, %thihu 

pi..'-n pniccse :cIis: ''cIs.eulicee'.'' te'-ic'uetIii- :in- deilaninl itn S44'tiuiq 12.11.. 

iawrsorileic.OV 111111- 4uiiiec1t' 1 ,j1 e1iO'. mel tai',. t~.n o Ma 

-4 -1 tiri~ i 4 c s~icci- ci'pci-.liwA iii l1gitcce 11. 

*;n-ifl'llieitici, c..c C'H. 

Li ur G-finsctl ilettn fi- tu .5A)t 

till( -Itivl'ci 

1n-i4a .- 611c alive 

(:1ts i.l v I I) r L

Twaitlv lmess vt "t c F% 4wkinewslS tl~lc 

lin.' ~.. ~. nsir~m~u~a mh.'r.4im~ ... ,w'nifl~ i,. ni.. isoI .4j.id paudisnth Pows.1at i~n tezwitm topfilesta.ifn.. 

bIoyinsto Iýiffraarlmmav uulmIa~. layer is, flmirk enet14Nigl .u* flint1 tior9 in we 

3RrL.%flvl Anv.%\T.%t.1is or -nit. Tworccuxi'ji*-va Awlte 4o f . marry. toniIne l f inte,. flmmi."my 

Fmisztataionaae .4p ,wnamurl xiai Imbe, useid lrt qww. w rtelling With 1-1.Faan g,111m", imnwhiel Wish 41 No, 

huMV0 Ivy iam-Assm sf St nami a4.4Wlsm 61irmaisthme kems loomsim..w slmbaaemgi wish lise pmkvisorolee fmea 

yieldrof' nauinc iniarfniontiown .-INlfrmling4 VIrftiftIftlil i. .'".. 

llmwrueivoloio 

4111 to lit- act 111:t.21 4011 l a1Iimiatr 

Im" ahitmviiin flwn ILA inn4, filing e f 

* in P jiiti i't wde Peo its time maapiimnfu lne. 4m-rsioom ia h..4iiom 

..gwrol ftor tile naafovaI .4o merim.iviagly thini filtims,* 

X-my M'-sillnfuljima, iiM.I.i aIsiom."ol h4.mwaiw whm 

biurk filinm, are losing r-camnvoal. no. x' ays. have 

greater jwattremtinfcmiag r fi timism ii...i.t re no. X-ruy 

A if','iris.o .'w'fitn th~an at-., elefmtrn ,hiffruetrn.. Ittvalllrcfa 

oiononth ,41rfulf iv. reoptirroI f4ir the ulater ,iwtli~od. Ilar11 

rrarkiq'.Imosrems~irfn.'a's 4af rmolcim gaions. :1w ,.qally line 

irrvcgamar fur.i~niex inaisti. loy elt-ritrsu c.ijtnArti..n. 

In CaItwilnat...m 1wv c'irtrim .bdrifrariopt,. i flit- moof 

s.1..q. woo 6#vI f f.fffI,- n~t I C: !~.V. 4n.-'1,6 i,.bwfhop 

the ,.atfr~-e -mi thant tieyare' ,n iffrortfih fn"it it at a alneo .I Figam 1A -it NiIIIC R imw olt . A4211.1 

veiv. xllltI gitansinxagnnizale. inw 0A4 olqitn',. 11.' rc- 

P41.6"tin ringlike ififfrit*Iioin lia1ltern i?- tinti ei~ninivilois Too lwfiernw u. .Iitig iivit.' ta niling faalijciae U-44 

Afltfttfflfl'f. 9f.itu -411 l.. 4-i ,IIi~ilE' lfv 4fmiiftriiwg iiii', 4t imvr .4 ,imfitrl itf'4 int it ifigfill, fit mi .,~rfrt, ins namair 

inetimowerrinomtr flianft'..4t-w t tus. i ll. thi. ci'4f ýt ital- 9 f'lit-V1lff aav %.s' tihat a follow dlipt.lj III tile mif~fl. '111 

tami s$ifcitftffl%. ()Jil.' v t,fli 

.1111fi~f.41116 44 the i,, la~ 

'..I jil,:l'4 ti, rflit- -latvf 

flI%. miC Y .4I' 9lailit-lfi t'fiios 

Itmi11 (Fitigin- 151i. nih's. IIAMI "ti~rnowi"w. iwv 

unit. :t. .,4m inie m i icimn Wt. flit- fiarryna, miutiot to(fle 

tilt- diiiyrat'tjuim 91.11tern. Emil'? 41f' I so ill .ihi!IaI. 

rinfer fit ffi' lfit4~ *Iln~ 1 iN laiii:gol i l.4.li4:m Iit-tsiflf plilfrf tI. u. flit- famahv ' 1i"iii cltk., hitt aun nhlilits n.l'iignt'n.1.ii 

04Iii li. g if'tetilt o lii o'. ri~lt141911111 e. 

imati-t Iw I.Jlifvjf' i1ýf' i ll Is1m 11. ti .. ii v 1': ,i a.l 111: lv,111 f14 f 1 i "l IfIai I 914144. 

iillthe ffiw. rufratiff' 4.14 flt f11 41glmt I:rmi at i~fle ?io l. l ii~ipi i t, 

I tll'tti 

$.'.vv rlrltfItr it( Me 

111 01-irfamll *,1 ii,' c hfIr. 111V4-1-144 sEll 10s4-:11 

itrow fitl wo ri .ir. :1 11' 5mEiog Ai' hisvr ilf imita sfit oo . it- 'tit -m inria iffac',i'tr. i c-m s

.wijgwt,'qHl a,,,a.. lirflat for so-nrly -PTI.. in I iwec A 

3 4 ,Iuzalsove. Seerfam hltmrf"Inny MInsi~t4'I 

asneiouition -~,IiI a ft-6n it( a1 rittsw' 1w if.lon- iii~rr ji .4l lottI. Off u~or~ent I'nst-isn tiow1f*.t-iiili. man iii 

Ow.4 hrwe '1 omulsysetw.o i n~ a Ono viosfuh oflsaev 6W s""sr .UnI vo usJiao,~ 

lie .4thif-s off pin ansam. As-t...ivnn.ffr~artiese 4-s- rirar l13s11r~ 09., wq le mflni. it 'muL Ion" !t4EW11 

nosisitawl"iitm. Ituo 1%- alnolwic-1i lotl K1111ISfa iiwksn mmwwunl th~at xm i~miwirwi.e-mjIrvow iwao osL'" 

s-fiom-4.nl i. raglwmoHn~m~-4( gnu ixtiarnu .t 4 w.- Variaiswm .. tine ,-urmlngtim io. tols~ainni Ipy. iring 

livn..Itm ~~r. ucirimm :wmu %,- r is.ii l nwm~.il s-M 114 lues aving tartgoA is: oljfignit mrtuii'. Fiarb 

XWW 4*"t~u. imW tA Anoi I IAn.I~.ans"Aw unove in off 11W mr"UmwIff f. 4 11w poineuull talf bun. a hameuttrrthe 

-Iniiiv 4d thr e4Wot to 4U w.eimastais.tiomr n94u45MSaw ii4i X alsoisr~ins uaarmrWth few x ray.'. It tbe xnsu 

is( I.&mrk pmirnosk (Ae-ivnqm1.. andl .6lwriiwll." 11m4,slfrtni~ ormom i in ves vrMnm ka~vr4em thJWmti 

iwVgrmnls 4wIit"Ik~lnq.1m" ( rnw Ii 1132t. tiwat iti. K aldriwfqimnu, remit. tlw pstt..rn Itam. a leutvy 

iwrkotpomniI mmns"mI i.W w a~mmw l.a time bNew. n( 

X.R~i l~t~tcnoY T~n~uaeIf iiw It~ myo Orry nit.4 a Mle-ti I..sgre th~an tilw K alilCxaamimmaliine 

imy x-nar clifrictiom ios, a l m~miq- 1 mm..1 ..srpts.,m lifnit. 11". fmaidting nimtli-M~ Iluo lmi1iri loea 

..iasiLor list Ilu~t st(Alitslifrartiosm anal~r..n. alajeb lim-ligrausol amstl 11w pamllem -nesinaol fontI .ir" y. 

F".1Noe15, 6 ntl...1C.,-ri-d . 

pn r-p.,i~py t 

beln . I(1,ow 4X 

. %4;X 

CON F1DENTIA

Agasni 4"ii~h ' Itixa nilet tious -if :Ili-forlielo jssgl:3:- I tt~vl.-184' * v~ :in-' iethr lei :aptiot'ihitm for nest1 Jare--nt in 

lengtlh 1.Sp9 A fn'i, :a e'.llsqlnp r am m,*.L. itiev Iimsulfoe 6-i.-stt6il. VowPme' nalm ~. ift lime vslumY *4 lboo 

w..'4tnsg frifflvmm ill mwv p ..W ith -1 Owfivor I . 

giosotinel. It. boier5i3M . rae:.llittle off UW:3v51e-njg hI 1.931 .% 

fiftee .111 metn tfeflu its 134it ~.ps- leni-an i.. lnsnvxr 

with.inrh s'-' IcL~n~nd. r it im wa ktu-n thaffir is' 

"Fivi~el mvvrvvtq Fr'.tobs'n the' OfoV4 gol a 3-in, win lifter. 

X-l-ay 1.13*11 'si- 4104%.01 I hlit it low ted fil ne t .,rno ' sit 

v-inn.-'tlife I l.i.4 '. (Jsiasutifalivit' rIin'titttl :miaslyoio., 

Itiws-voi-.r 4o,Iewes thmfflt- he~ ih (-rlia se ns file, otie'-A sls. 

oqsp le~nWI ip Arlo in i mm fill, n-4111l 1111V infuis-ais's 

tIlulS i %Is- Ofeenr '15 i's ii s+ na $.How .-hnene-si with eno 

nahl-q)16-M "~w grmlow tfr'am 1.539.A Into 6-set iluse 

falulses :,ioisneislult 11sltg01111"a4 'filhe' :.llsayitsg t3s 3 tt 

sniffs. af- -heown its Tabhle- 2 in (1Lsuipe' 12. (1,s-,ssfrl 

imorebw'4e volset. Amu ~ wa mewevilo rhb' -af~eti9o in*a~iisn. 

1.931 A. hiis h4trie-to th.* etjjjiq,. ,, isns. volusisid. usual tite$s fee a 'Na-r ins- 40 ft.4y as4 wilt-theor st i.inle, .mi-flsktevs 

onantinng tI3. for toloiol3II1' 6S prit41t.' 

fle ,itnaution, i. nest, mea otei ,at if a Jiautll-n fib. 

taiii"'I wsith x MYa ffl'3 fl tile (. sit- w 1 :1No lalz,-I k4 as% ItNI 

:I- fir tIi-ter than3 Illr' iliet t:,krit uith iron radiailists. 

Alwsnot :ill I I1:11 "~to Ile mill Iitl fl335 hs 13 it13tha t lie 

%.3I'siII3'l it 6 mst ' riillin ililt. aI.Nslt 11 iallv' ail53i-.W, 

ops' 

;stee if thIe' Iva I t-rn titk-nt 'A il I itis .M6 4'il10im, is Il3 K"" 4 

Ome.'r suit' 'itl'sass liolis-i Jsaslkrorlomm. ills-it fill- "ýl3 

townits i ritloctiily Amoe nast rit-I, in% rl'5tinualms. vall3. 

elaha. U .es"'. It still Ise' .4-s't ill Otllnste 12 

a.msalu v angl. s'hews'insit sale,'e nwitsflad 

in tim IslMst1gIl"d. aalii tJ):inei lhiv lc-r.:v and31 eli's 'n 

oliII'ralttiist I nf-srtiatu:ieIl. fliers':33i i31-llffia'iti latal 3a 

-it lwltat' Iletirrlif 43(55 tat :i-'igs i lila-'.' lim" 1a, 'Is finlite' . 

rfhiP3l"l% t 1.. o"#i the' a-Iv s fir f'itlte liarvoll-n' osffs 

satinolosnrititinmwe3aialg sliftasfitnsa 4I 61-dlli'.. lAso r 

41n*i'r' feenter~ -foul * val. Whomas -aic-la f1:313 ia ' lxmet~ A-t. 

finel~ls. -%-ra ,v man5imt3:ijain will Jsvl-s-a,3 :in3 4qt*'il 3131311 

lpiwi'-rfial ftn'ifloor.ftle ("araililstissin 3'f sfl33ha'sh Son'si 

13314 11, wilfit31l~e 1`11-411lthIlaat m33 CvviI Is-ft tar isaib.s rl~aiaal 

illot to( flet 1a-ltvtssifa-s :.'its 

Im- oilall-l 6atJ) 

iata a-a 

ha .1fIso 

i,atI like-h-to It l-'a 3m'il. loof~tes- 4s" ar'rtt m nitFsio-13 aM 'Mse 31L-li w- 

ns.-i'tst pa mn .le.%t ina 2t0fl Ifilor 3.'t).a i. tt4tni' 

U.&S (lw,,,itissl %nsuhi,6a. 

lsw--it rfile-i' pran tooi- illa- I V 1.1 l3' oil r'iil-i'l atml,i a l~a- o al :ttnllla ak lephld i: f-'vI 33,. d'-' i-ai lctl I,- lia fil11ntesr' 

6.1:11 iC. 1131% 133115 'iaaliý6 l~"fl 111:.lativia :11141 a vid 'I'. Ow4liii' 3333 las o % %mI m.4m13i33ta'3 t iiset hitira' fitit within 

tltre,a alim.~etaa tJ'Itt(V Wairi illr tiX-3:riva midl~-' flit-' iN-'s41 3as3l3( willmro '.3Z33'g3313ll It fta' was.i4'~ e rl 

3'Aslvilte: iva nl :li -yiia-Il- 0.111lY~ Id alei-ita:iall a and :m iaml loiiim- 'I'll'' ill Owlfi its i's sitat:in infaais11:1imill fsa33i le 

vil~ltic 44 't113'13 an. 3l i3'-4'1t. Itia fi-3(331 Jaaai 'vvr. hi rulai iivi' t3m! I fal'tiitis a1 i it-4-~ I3:11tiiilair 4'l'3it'ivit in13 

4u'331mgiiit i'lp 13i4t'33tI istha itri-f' I,* ala-t~f mid' f33, lit- aat 14.ei1 g!"3,i' itl ii01l I tit3 fill- vl':33a'i't ta gillsm sru. 

X-rsIrifiitiii % dffi i 

tims IrIM-1 fluh a mi1 l33.3ii.- jilf-ifa~ifilaI -ima. VvIY ,-111:iI1333311 

aqi -ladI. 

hisia3 t'a-q- dvirrs'im*il It ,v 

air offal iii' ra,1.4411-tiqrla*f3.3aa~:l. 44f3'.pt~d %Iiliap 

elff. ali'l':3313 'It w oal(4tqiat-i I$Y iff' al ~~-tima itvvlfa-,li 

a-a'- leat-attaiaa.ivt t t'I, 

Jw3~ia imiii ga i-e'a l ia3 etimflitit 

sI) list- t-lt'.'lnjtlt.'l~iiiig .41- 

w11 ith file (-Ia't rims ovi-l33'31t' 33- 

(:ONh-1ENTi %I,

lada qha . 

11~:l~ a.44 (.r .iw 1w .f ms~lfIl n-aaiaw *11" IM-ilieaaa1aa omflIwuI'ý la.ictoi . o imoaaInnltians thut 

uoo4la ml~Iir f11ut l4 544 Iit.io-l 'A 4-rr am1P 1 Ill iita.1ftiaaaa. * 'aIll 4P( liv Iatfiftisirte. 44 emii .im flr. l fill~ Kn iln lalir 

in ala'l-aha gm"1140lilt-s tia.;aaaaallasoo .4 .. 904 .4 11141 1`11- ,.iafnM'O 44.MI~aaI (11-1lsn'Po flint j~aind-uleI (hCY lianl1 

a iw.I4 ill ?A-1litols 11.?. flisnas~ti-Ati lrs1iiW11111., aih~rrilmmI in "4.itsom 5. 1.3 wao an ex- 

*.WFA .46 waesseoi a. aflIVisib r"W61s.#igst'iorgm "in~ a moskssIrs Almo at misaws enagir ohorM 46"0t. 

Pippl. Ill IMtI.' ts c41 o4't111lillo* a'i.lstvi oomitil Ti,' nasicttism i-no5 1icovl lot 41441111l15 thel inailvirnt 

aansossasl- .4f sawalY6itus..saaas. I .~ lri~a n4uso.*ssowni la4'luagirntit tet s -4 wlute s44 flit- en4~mo ,lorwlartS fin~t 

*4 li. sat-ism ul"sl w:ait laeq-ewarv. -a UPOW tpvs I' nti""OP 14 m-xnguaCtatI lii. the Wanalilar 

Tn.In'gsas..ishi. ni. tif .4tfn ~aira Kiln Inn .. wsitiaa. Ilijasatlp.a's .I',.rrilas ill .4rlmin II 

ii,~'w.lionssa 12.1 nawsl 1 41i.1. mass iraaaua 

I l hstiawaalI 4ala4fivldligt itl spalaj jahovliortis. 'INI ill" prow Shw(.ur W 1MShfr .. 

rhomoosira :asuil . -t, .4 a .4waaasm sw rpo.4iash rana yiwii voidt Imldoloicaa 

Tracera 

inalowslion -so. Ite .. lat('he Itr.msagasuid mitrIsi .4 lni mIa t 1waaii 14tasIala1*~lltil 14 g,. lln 

"fIm... slo 5alto 61ha fr en'a fill-a. s Iwswsi ol. 4.Ias 'If lastI im .Lat 111. ortaas..Jtw" aaaaI.:t . galarooa li t:141a4 

(,on.-asa is ltrtIulai4I omni ail,ý.. tisium4r MIL 41 iaa I '.an 'in -1.11 : 1 ~a~gs. 46-4 4 thoA.a1 pisitoaItiol I)(' YSIIitIaa aewrfaaito 

Ix"esa lasr a'sialotiIs YiuiaI :I f:air amnlaatal sto inAfas. ssant-a. ill tr-tria iiaai~iias-idil adiiaaariima. ill iIltut~icilaT. 

noubiia withll fl4j~lwrl has iltt panrtwairs .41 v.lifulml4 i~iI naprt. is,4assa. :aaaml aafuar. its 4114linia i nauit phviava ni 

14as lirotts kia.:c bug lay In" n movli anaatulitar"Iasa [toi.es wime it(aal' a it- 4'ximmiiour~lta ou4t Iistwo. sr. 

%ae'k Ias alehast hli~.lt'asIaai. -14 -41..alfl mia.flliV mi44411144 fili l eaalas14. th 4itot iwimatry a'lemlical :andi ph Paieai 

inamtt thllmi a~anri:4 ir . .% ,omalhoIl's 10.1111aa.1iaga ,asioal. aaaa lis mil. %%ii all ha''t laivl I.mni~l .4 umia lailoittI la tea scl' 

whidtio~ *ttlas slot41 Aha airr aflaaaivia. j44aju'? hit llt S j it Imiimia l int4't4-a. nila..e lralashllal "ematrt' aa4Ysw'tlV 

wl i. th ilho al a idfairit toria :anda tei lauta anas~as it :apilla'4 ý.144 sa Ity ifvi l- il.TS. .a'aaastjve taut tiaaal (04 :adil~imaa 

11111 PM6414 WL W Illamea IN-. W1s4. n'siln'a IIIP wrial. ara i0asstas~w. aatlwrrslow Ill` the bass alasusaihin Asttiaba 

Illp...stflala.Iav 0whePasqfas.1blumths. 6414W" -W a iwtl- no 44 -rlcl'41CI in 

grbatios romfisaig ad 15. tilt-Itle.ll gonesirm pitiamipllel' Malilta. MI 

t1W Itnaaaaw"aaaa print maaya las' "lrttlel.l. l1110 P.ikerll 'iai wsirk willh tna'aa' c r it,-~i' late aaah)14'4ient:4r'4 toI 

aImonitaila Iori~lv miantked in Washylaisi tisay amaa1,44 tas ala'- flit- ,fitialy 4 muln little Iv irf4u1ars,4 alt-"' liila(4 in tiai 

last ithe ;,aw'nreto( %u ~ztur-.ashaiah'l snalruikas :aiad khtal dialtr nvlaa'la.' it imumiAasa1r~atrl'a thant fietinxiti ofN'~ 

aryanaih.' loiassr winssked l 5a.7,% lvmi awituisa rynntl:4k maysa Oniatitaa l ail'llriaar~talat liii. I)(teImi' otiratv:u a. atiatiin. 

Ivr wA itsu lieat allt4'1 saaiw .'safirsv. Woolesa asse. ennlnaetirngn %%l hill' h flnmt fiinago in a now 

Mtl tahn-' 44 14 :ib u a% lmo ae' ador asaaahaa'ut jwriating ihnnrM. 

sore"' rl'napitayI its t1 haa.livsa 4 pist-iont laflNIaslt. 1114' 'lat' utio is tflt'ip tit oittialy the. plrurt'4ai of d;.ffu. 

loop Ill thewsa mcnsewitizal Isoiver' sataslaliail that dol i nlal .4inaa5 ndl rl'astaaat Is( 1114 lianootittlrnata (af thet pSowlm't' 

.o 4daafiico which %-m W notua rmvlraial Ivy x-4l~i. far dee.. Wsi' iaa'saw ("-It Iire olasrt',aF{:lV. is( ,.td is mure illia. 

first aliffrua'it a.' arumilataiaatm. slitasisaal1K I lhananhf attemlpt 1 tia all'itiotAastm tal'he ('otorme 

Illte 1 Vorls moaa li. tial Illa af I tt' lafiall ip4 r4 rialitaola a .1 .141 I~rvxv.c na iai h li enl rmted as lýrf~arr. Inl mn vn 

ling tueiltr in oblt~ainaing kiampoI taristas. llaaaa. lirtrlihi- sa4 IN- lat.t'Isrm'lia tA it ill% ai-%lia 41'aster oirfmas filie "intafril 

zanr milfiale. yir'I.1.' giai, prv i rnt. Iiaa tlipl ervyaslI- ofitliatit "no4 plr4-t'1 illa tam as. 411., :an amsinhtif faor iirn. 

line fa"Int. N91j1-iat'lel. giVolosaas pianat. llipmar tsal'Iifirmlhilior seaal Ititlt144 Ivy4 t)rilinar in':It'lit-2l fTuce4. 

Plii. fsallaa. aaiin 1 t 1110 41-T Ials',h.,#ilc stilla% pmltasti f all".raaa~aa'4:4 itt1414'lant i 

rt-ktnl soaii :ahIaifido, midas sthi "1,' lxi%-t isa 

alaiae tainse v millasrif an mld lky&hilf 

4Ivi. A. .ma i 'lri't t 4- Keoiaifiaaapahti af rior he : otit Ciant 

emito tha t fiania raa ce a alaiaslit t %I.- l hintaaiiel into ~~ flip 

onro~ 

Dells&solld:11111irat'llixoil pintin exsI 

hav %ttlvaICa t I )t'trl'?laihiI il 

ImmI pm lei.'4r ,:it Ias ginaIt .ill. t ix~raii iirt 34 ft Siali- 

the ,4IAav.iv'it4 inaif 

Is( ;I tir'itfi.itividili %%ild In cam~lf't.l 

~:t444iaala 

I~tfihi~tN liieful yp~ haimi Itiatnl tillet the lit'i*i imr g:1. 1til..'' S 

A fr 'Iethrl Deeritititio th itfiam .ol pxeima~in'1trivo i~trlis-i-for ;ad 141 lilemovs atfitit 

COINFIDEiNTIAL.

* 

A 

* 2.,. 

I C 

I', S 

I - 

.) ... .. . 

*1 -. 9 

.- . S 

hag \II I 

'V 

0 

S 

S 

S 

S 

S 

4

S.~N.0*,T.O J. 6.VH'u I-#. .. II . 

-m e~. eI..4.tu %I-...~,~ vu,- hel.-I in. Ifl .'.W..e .:Ila- 

*., 'i OlIi.0 X% , i Annws t 6 a~ 0 1.,w~.q 0 h g. ire- r..jjj ,e .i a '.".4 , SM, f"t,*,- M i..t M. ,,ti 

d 11% ti -4 e.o If&'O.t -1 . i.. *4 4,' 03-1 ..uIi~i#.j'ry ,gnIlg s.. l of#*ta t 4 1 I..sti .ut .6"I4 

4 

Ila- --:I-- .in uIla- et u. v* r:,il. t~u 

im.q .104mm jet.tv i .. r,4 n,..lvs-a i~lto s.. In oe r m-AIt -e . loot i. 0"d I. . 

4I . t':~ :t. I.I..". i '.tsSu 

* 4 uAt t.g. M .- 4g %u a- u l.4.tI. t'g . fiI aEta4. 'I.- m's.5 :u Iw -- l lii.' 

-(I1- 34- 0 :41.4 1 la -d.Ii -IIl A-ou-: sime..ls r. .1.."g.. I I.-t~ I.. vs. 1-fal.r.'it.e..l, TP 

4,*it.i te."IIle~e.tMto.i : " *IN.o I s .i.glu . tie.' lo, 

"tlv.ee 1me.I..: 

*lu.Is~u ls. gut , ~t~, t,.,* ou . 1 I.t''i A its f.5 lies, i't- I** j rljij'- 4 ' :1-~ :1 tilKI ,- d * tel.4* *,r n- 0't -:tii 

4 14 II~oli .. l I44iq 

il 'vk - 1 ". -1t. W ot . . s.ril m 4 1r l -o w 4 ý1 'o il~ i - 

te a . il . -l I al' i . . .1 a 4 " W 6 -l c il .. 1 111 - P -1 a .. 

'p. 77.g

teelveosiwraer eol trn-n.ith~m to( alpha-.a ~ i ,moinzeinm. to, te'ullwvnritur tna ml tat -"air "froset with en-ptot to. 

114,4-sto-4c the hoor- mirfaro'e't elitie e'alilwt.311 rifle learn' 

emliinzmrily tewe roeot re'm'h thip e. nupeataiire. tht. tvet 

tho- eigitifru'nt tinmeit invealviel. this pimeecItirn may 

conmesiiieee a mIrtheeel 4l IIppeeeeet i n theeiee Ieeillpi~et 

ficartr~el were jamiehmteei in a pneiterive ealite'en ael titi-bhnnae. 

'WYFU'E" nk phatee4mph tel the asimmetm 

ies Ohoaw. in Fipr I&. 

%XmE~nuoev~ p , aMl teo mopr-heeeonpswtei 

illpe~nsixturc-.iiel eae-vri'e ieee vzareewei pptne and pro. 

Tat pin immurn imie't (if the nei'ew~en aenemant to( prer. 

lwatl. the tepeotfiefionl .fti(ntabJiti. in a1 entail m'lilirr 

jee'lleeni with Ansimir mervev, fair' prr'eisiuee cniliber .30 

luirr'elm." The pene'tratiopoe elf eartim andi the Forms. 

OR 

banrre. lihe higher heerr'-eoeefane trt'flsera'tltreve annd fiteendlrme'eiteenpeelta t tE ''ioWi enc 

kxewpi hcatsing timee' inveulvee in meeit-cn um tel lanrp icad in the pileewer iltwne'r fiat,' a tteiiiliert eel inlaxinsmtr 

bas w ~a' o waso mottmio.1 in eeem. detail. Sister it ewteume' Irn'owm'ee(am' trinqperaturm' &&aL posixllaatern. Tb. 

tu Ise praecticabile tern attain t:eiio jmrnrtwee with rewpet msalteean toe eoeteuariua'el its ).0mlioto 14.2.2. 

CONFIFNTIA

THEl PRODu(:rs OF GUN EROSION 

ILIj A )~(~ WE1. tIil F IN VwI)F:D (L'NS 11W~, prll. ve 4 d the Aroeffmfe far'iai'i the 

v' a trnvevoliplatng As( Nf \d we of tlu'soor to' fl it sswsnm puowlw'tf catm aso a Arsatpen auf cflompol. 

ant nrov~fss 1;s-xs FImp .Jstorm ffe "- Not i at-fsiell ,sas',sa'l tot ssoommW that fas me"Wnlita' War 

Wrier@onth Is'srr -'qrfaai' 4 Ls~v ta'ssft disffer in Im-iN'ait. Nass' 4i the farilion'E enrfi~~niatssa's haisa fiorvow 

""04A sn-41wwotuwa (no, th fia'rnnsifa'al Issss Poirot It wna ss mrkaol'aiv ismsirosii-mi 'invth tisa le lin veris' ww'ea' firP, 

0"9 ff"ornt' ibA~ j14.1 ari fl" ti knasW 'Aisnt ss1asns' ais 1islas11aypl inisa sthe Paly sof girn a'wo,'sto. This' oos'frl 

cumlosi I.' stsstslssoa' tos ssittigita' tisa siiaf'ts fse#sat wsssic hap, love"' MoIhSltatll CaW-%'afaWMa With ni'.Ialt" too 

aIa9.sssit wssssia IN-' ns'a'a'...ssr itas lm whaitls~.' flit. glitl~~i that Iormn'ivia'a afthesa tinwa it woo' 

sn' imv.4vt-I in lsnimpss,,soi fl- isa' nls''ip vo l .sfsa'. taura slssaw.sas,1 

avol impsa tisw'a faafowoas' sin' i-smrslass'ir. us' 'will Ime' iii,.. Nowiu.*i,t iitinte'sI * inu" skvos'tamlip oossiv5 allf 

cvw,*ul in #'haistar IT. Ansi os,.aititisl 1.151 4.1 voah a s'sssloa. Xiotio. ile' wag' the N I tita las ,ow tloe a'.sasspla"ity 

0101T s'aa a kommkssa lewla ' fle tia ..lss' es' IlorIsanyeva' isst sily sflesa i aidi'n'l hI'a'e lisas almo' asf the riflirv' 

go 1U the .gslonI oin 0si's sasua''' mskassf0tlavas. I',ui-lita4'joiflia'isttarliitsif uiaaa 

'li',, nst m-mi'tl si'tiisai tlpeos asf alta'a'a lilyses. 1sa1a's lisa' arn"White'nsrtsaasig sathewtlseAakaI 

W" all 4w hia'h ai' fabtiauI in ma'va's gifts. 1iWlns *ayw,4 tooio is. low Siabtil "Ow ata. l nsilai a'ta~litsg rsem'uts 

(asemst sl.'~ss'wl sto a van.'y ts( fsrfisw-. Nsstal sit siftimieg "'tlloboygwl is, eh~e'v~nhe'iaistan nfssfrlo 

nit'a i'sm-,op-mpyqwsirninvisvY tiea'arlY isiastissrs wis sibw'ss'. ne nost ansUirI a'prola'a at laiw niagnifiisi. 

it waio of a ituat' lieyIhat ?he * ' wa'a' nsst# ssfatyiso isa' tile sssa' tiesais. Kisttsiag "ositrirtl flita' la' "whilt'ti''layW1 the 

typs's' 44f nit 'I Invws's cottear aspste whisrls rwsessatiuWrit 'ml? a minas, itsart avifflt-s 

11v ma'tiossillp thsat hjavea lxv-'s sai"q tt las sassali' lt'swl whss oiant'neml layer. 'In tinier las eliminate oramofusim. 

law ,wefaaee ase nssssnsass'. 7Trsys nora st( %-:stsea assly ti' li'~ma'lior i,4a naiw gn. o.fli' rullaim-rcL Masn'wer. the 

wilest flth- n'sqstt ar' a'smint'w.sl thast as'nsismsisnaf4 innsew' ine ,.,ssa'tinves, tota'hr.s4ar tin i, l rl's(fori'5no the 

hA0 tips' Ad altta's'w L-'vr is, m'.jssai0e ia to' tiss lla isis. te'nts whisiea laye a nisisanwae when apprilaa ton it. 

mortaituilo. nwisa' astsijng fteimioloorm's irem a'npiasi'a'a 

Ilanineiss' it-',to oliswa'.l thsat moattle so tha'i~s Ino otte. 

surt' lay'a'weir ba','iunter than flse imnaltes','. ssterl. 'flwr 

evoossw'ifm,-isw 

orroa'isaa a'rm tha-t thiot, hareincass waxn sis' ow D'1O 

DeIAtia f a t 

litsiN .sne-r niapr n'sf fip~ isil~iwhisi p~trasaa'a'smostldw.sirk 

iag. naasla','ata firina's bsY y~ietisriing, iisfns'liatiasai 4~ 1* wsax P'iata'qI niassa' ithe layemafin ht may 1we futina 

masoos'.. intnastissatisn idf isitni'n". ''lia' iselavit.sir stf tihe ii, essiai olo sns vmr'. In mousnia'i'sna''siv ia thertmally1 

altsm'. in6 Y ', sm -on t% 

1(m)ss Itals floeisa' l~ flon'ss'asa it altoas-q bsra'a'r that 'iA a'amsnasin tas all lorriilrol gvsnvi to 

thea's vass tsw. $sa'nviri a'~illa'tits. Anask.a'wsf -sitot' mt sn'sre'nt. In the nrasstm ' 'ify i'rge' rsiils'r Kunio.a howtahis 

gsn ttl limi s sa-tt h lissir masrfars hidsits-st' il asisia ever's till t ' a's. sif layers may. isa fsearsin if core ii crr'sii','?anev- 

tis-i a t-ssrsasizairit r-ira hsuad flitnim :itial ill 61,4,01 its ~il~ia'VV( t ha- fsts sisusal layerso in maistiviinst 

rila'nse flunt as n~li'sria'l ra-e~s luisasf anus-id .X-riay eocuiss :s114aI lili~higIfirulisa' isa'ssictis. lsa faslisuising ssaet-ia'ssaisn 

injutti..nsaa.(movkl viis'ra'-ssrfai" ma -, issias tI h' prawns's' sof bivs'r is' tYpicril fer Xisnot ait 1Asw-tiiftsr s'l' that 

sof mau-a-ile lwot nosoif 4mrini.srts'sea ows vi~stis'saitstflo 4~ hsisav Ix-rs'it se with xisiaIai-4an' twswdtAla'r.t nualsiss 

p'~ oirv-,Aisisi rituAla ab( fir'w. 'ira.- . wm'''s-5 iii trvsni the 

(1..ssi~4 ~ lA6t'.s'l.Tiy.o(fsd'w-t t5'4,5,,tim.* ' issa' "W isrfisa' iowawsr' tel lthe isiialtt'sta iMorel': (mite'r 

~san~w- I. ('j s'l~s~l's". 

,tssn in lFiKilia' I nasal 2. 

211 C:ONFIDENTIAL

Taa.:wii I.~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~t ~ ~ ~ N U4I*Igiftsgn. ~ f'lv ill 1116:m. tlmirkaws' 4 

tIaltivnmlally:lervol lamVer 'ICjwVINl.I silo 1llirk-ia Ad Ilse 

flK Iwi1:iall~vailtl-n-I iJi~pr is ~41111t9I941 01 All I 4-tus4 .ilv',~ifi, ,.~l' still I... ,l,.9*riw l 66 SVWt'l :46 11.5. 

ga-ivts im fa irly il hmr li sarfuar' mlsaIsnhuuu. 

leal.w p.,qwriulioi,6.. me're m~irri4il tl 1941 99 fiefeoi'ne fft.. 

I~h 

M Cfititi-a 1-1rft.'ig IUMattf.Smil ;21114. low a .ilfjSWal hOfist9u94,.s Itermss "1 -11 Maimm ph'el Ims-vm"I 

O'ngtls of tinw "I In wmiw .e9,ew it is, the o.miv a1''it~rm o -oib 4ialtvafr loe 1.fl~ati'e9 94 .4 heIsafIIIII a11K4Y1 

Layer' 4vi-i4'itnt. lot th-Ilml' ai:l ia.' I.4o've. it 

losses ilia- l~ilk 491I l i' ite % i Itsef- 'tervi 14364 mailm saver' n 

laver16 j3 67. 

Ill m994944 rnpi~lldfire barrels fo wh..k' t11w pl la el terfpt 

iI4'plia, Iveliw tite .qiifat,'. 'Iia ltis' eiri'm... ad thi.. Layer Iayrr obwo last reva4111. 

.lo'gu..ttls --it fnamil fanisvro. anomouf mag lsis assay II- often- Ilse ,%art sauction, id fill- afs,.ntlly alte'red layer' its 

liwssom the eufilvr tof the pm. rise. ro.t-o ittrhm? 1.,ifs I tiT 61.11 Ln.. tiwn. As. far listmeanw s, d imokinfni it Polls 

littl. a"It.Ilk.' Ilawatiamn in fix.' litt'. Asstly, Ias:. lm...n fa,,wmk. 111pre is, gMimi relotoi fear In"' 

lI.59mumg thati it has. .'.-g'tnsllY tile 'uweltm lmi- 

sp N, 

1, 

sarfa a ..I. 'd fai Iva .1M.. awr ohile IV tari' h.'s in 

no~ai l ,*listl if%-' lII. malti' altem'. !nmyVe bass* 

Pittng 9~p~rt . .in~i~m 11' Ia'?..en bm Iiji hw partially 4,'tu'nsl eIurnot g unif. A-.9mae' whiec 

'46915?.' a erxSit .'t~w. un: .A- o4969' while. tay',; [$-in. tay.i; ll-,nns, wt,.i.' Isn't; ( ._ I wfiiirrlly 514tF9i 

tire white' anye'; ('-lI..'uanall alg.'nml Iay',; 1)-u,. tman-r; l).--unnit4,'wet mov; kI':-,rwa'9u4,' 1991A.0166gt 

maloinl m4et+' I('nw...wihe *d 1-Wn. 2.-eUl. gain Iulw 4uwlinal til.. mv'i.,n ,is 76mn, min tulwe 'tIA Nt. 

1 

.N... t111t'ro 1W sth og' .4e 1. a"... VION4~ vjs i It 14.". 'f 1 6MP1 W 'sMif t...j'If. the m..uh1 41 iWCtl.'O "We~n 'seuw 

iWi.f. Miss figue', hA, apipgovl noS' 5" ur 1 .651. ith FI'trta' with Ipirva 110(1ItOMONI, (.1 (li. sluni' baai up- 

XMI)I R.IM.'eel N.I. .4-1L0. parn~It a.. lvin' 13m. it NDIWIC 1t~ie'.94 N'C* A-440.) 

inor leus itlpitI. 491rmre 44Td4...lm'f4I 41t9 tile Ilanie iaesiti..n as thle steel. Fill, ins'taller. when this, layier' in 

tem.rivlonrit 4.1'tofhe puniartiil:rpism-der. flt-n nile 4t fire. 

and tl he amignnn .ff gwr-x9er. 'Ilse ,'nrrelau im4i if( the 

tetlcmtrei. nitalltui..r'aphie~. evliIeln sho.ws it .mfe.. not 

aliff,'r Ina imi, ill( unlte'red. s' bi~t ii gam. -W-9 E'ven a 

uthickn,'s. islt thenuY 

t1aftl'uterrvti layer, local ivitmol. 

and~ fl:1ame temperattar ftwit :avuildI 1ta46 sI 

thin chnniiitimi platte. mp lomng s it is intact. I1orc1'vttal 

le)'u'rtmi , 'ra, :11 Saoi ast0i ittite stedl 

with tin' e'.lilacr .50 i'6nsit-imi-toi'tig Inun is mad.e ins N\w.'rthv.'e-s. a lirnitall ,v Alctred4 layer' run fonni un- 

Slril 15.5.3e 

It as mnii i15, u t w... 4 i.lis -.irr-ivnoal mt fon t 

es'oli49i-Ill~ ilia glass tha t4 tIll' e 6'' ver 'A u.I Ihiivki't near 

hsli, :~t'. S I.Il' sif sh Ii,'IWt4'tftim~i d9 carotalws" 

and. nlit mgri '*il If in::t4 .ilph teal gnni-Isire mirfn4'ns 

9 

:are if.,i'ru-a'im ill Chap:teItr 14. In lthe vav it' .m erimn. 

flt-ie.'.igil ..1 rifling ataI tha fit-tm' t likises414 emur4'4 

ssmnzl.'w r.il in :sdllitimna. the. ammIm.sri' .4Iin Ise hmeIs 

vai,441 div i,.'vi't ff) 1 Its shirker ti6499- uIn 114 land. I mirfa,', 

fhe Iii.'l66l54hitilt 410s ill91*r14'9' ill thle (IC 16t'fl699Iy atenI 

aiun'. I','.ionjljIv I% she a:mn9,14.t .of i'n4t-.- ,'tlain its 

it.5 .It i,'wivolit all.l.. apin :6iiiw'i.c .liffervin'e hetha 

I m:dei th44l6le gtnive s'tirfave4. *Ilia .l-pit 4i.* Il'ia tweeti ia II,'t.'91414'r :l~terrNIl layer anl the 11n"'!M 

lwmi h',~; l lv ,lt.'nsl I:igv4r i p:i c6fi4'Iir li' v ill.!ellfm'15 ,,9, 'tIA. I 

of Ilia 1w 696569 imiat 'r.1nittnns tinn'.. In til va14 4~i4 5 ,lunpfmitti M a.I.'t: li bic ev.114' ,'pl'gm', -iia' :6 ls:r1 5 iffel'6'e4l 

CONFIDENTIAL

ThEIIWM.C 4W at Kaw.ht 

U3(4 W 

th-nminllfiletthm.1 " I;,%Y ;,n.I fiw.qn' t.nI 

W4ert. %hirh is 11-qaalhy ....inli. Sincip th~e lrltlw t-arl 

1 

,. it in -Itill rwtnnid-ien I nu, tug-mde~ww. I 

aptuar sin the 3[-my fim. 

sm~uW "a 

6~W~54K 11"Mild.uuigjt ipN the Ki444W thiiA 1111101 he. 

OW elUa ~fr-er'~t mr t ie 

spivera to he o.stinH-u4ent whem light "ital on, pinutd 

Mcfal4.tnii~flherst4, tonl the osther havul. mipfa Ily 

tw-n the tIrrm min ..nosit n a atiAt Iron mmektesil 

arw Fin' tism .voise hisi pulm ! p h~i to 

ctrhc. aft 11-11. When. 'nlin rertaliin tirinig rnoni. eni thin tiaha-em bInver in xmsts eno n aisdi.. wiei ispief 

litet. flUw 1Yhr fllte~i-l.itrh4 .s in %--* ,file fat-t tllat vit n in the rissra e14*. IYgtI 

46rk with thesme reniq~md. ao ran iwe oen in Figvrn.1 3.-n 4 .I"I lmmrtenistitelayer'. dwtie tstiar amtIke harl- 

With .o pv nix- ralrntos. Patcrh an roppe putannsitin is.-. sef the is hiv' v wtmtkl Ile me"- th~at it u "I oaditd 

rhlunkie. it a1l1 isse et" ' drk ansi etrhses "t 4o .leen v 4 *I salie vll ittarttisate. Ncevnthrilross. the T 

thin. t1he wammafris alet-L. Furtiwnsemiou. it traa bet :it-u4- altemil layer .s p.r.fettlaI ndl Mor 6 

suij tuhkt 4-wAl.TIWititw nimwn ab1oict litse11,, na e " the biter. Thpwat Mo.. 

The Miilkes'e rite~l nitise t..saIwr with the .lfai 

that Ith therimally alt'STl Iayur is hanhu' than tile 

Intwr~lknceuof this laver in remaion to the caev ofgnat 

""on ism 45dinctisocil thimui11mig in Serihim M1.3 

it 4' 

A 

Fww-ma A thivufll, ah.11. layrr t1.hat u. 6".., 

i4Sqifl. ftlduring 

Fkase u4. An ar"Ist ~istruwE)Uh- ql.d 

t 

f~in 5534 sintwsi4,.~. .4.lw.. wIxrk with 

pwuL. .A-itwhiwIrri altri.*fr Lai.,;ti-aim n44,4. 

ihr- thrrt~l5tulls.ir n, 1.141 slid while huwm. A SIA~r* 

toVIMIUew. isaw abi Sit45 f th4141ie while imV~csw. K m 

* 

i1555M .84i41411hamt.. 81 dw' gun hins.-iNil. 11110.2 iniie,. 4 31-sin. 44414 1. uhrl.t 1. 27 . l2 nIvl 

flu. livism han.tlo- spo~r. Fievr, 2Mr its NIIltIC' 1g...op 

Pa X.. A-li(Ll 

Iue. I (~IN. fig. bo tpps. ap 

te.iu. Stk -4J 

v as. rt.w til is 

.urheiti cua steeli have-c lelte the liffomusicti that the It is iflitmii'tint to keqp in mind that aesbmldd nu 

layer ill ma~rlen.-te atthemtimh the ae-iviar ofnhictuitre mplwrt tic ftind tetr.i.e~gal Iiiiartenoite m 00-hore,.sui 

hrhaciterintie '.1 malrtrnsits' 43 ntwo 5ie-4talhI* o5 m4l5. (I fat"Y iitili,.. .ti0cien't marliwit had penetratedi into the 

It ,utm& lie iuerntiunrcl here that nrrlei ot mifunt ti45'flialhi alturmd 1:1vr to huing thfe nnha fotient 

phasse have' odmm~s~it44e- 'herl tsl*414'fl at tfile jollfltifsi 

of the thrmnia.UY fl'.teml'I 45t:11 the iin t ut 

f I, this 6 ' vr Amwne t.1i~c., Iron contaimisagt kmw than 

t his aiulatOint 41.rilsl ( I ight form tetripsaI iiuarte,,- 

7 

lP..erl .i I a- 

Its- hie-tillifi 

Ipt-A n inl I2Figu 4. 1-Iii- hiavp u1iet a. vAit ostrtit, s4m 44iitg tittei-iii-hiitiit this siotki bevirg-temwpermid4 

ran I% i at~Ivl~l~l-lt 454 i niY~l ridelsj 144K 21141 weeinhu tran..furn to ruibi minaieusie, ithieh 

3.5 well W35 141 MJII4lI itr. M;1 \1 4 151 ii- Ita iluser IW'4. n4-114141 ii31)XI tot be nil sliflciisnt tin ferrite citrspt 

ii4IUtfirl 1. *v x-re~v awi:41s is( of snmlt~ hsmie tirfitrese, that thc litim...f the txattefl utisld uisebroadasthost'rh 

I1111 thin is nst( 14.41i.pfllr4( the ferrite %%P-re l4:tlv sltnhinelt lew opt A-Al r%-.tai. 

Niirlen~itt in 4 a is'fliti liIt hlv x-ra v rr vstallbvgrs laizl. Sm-irli s4'4aliuuui of the frr-ite liams hais wmsepheiii 

tie lli~..l~la:te the* I54t44ra4 4141 %,i' o ( inin riontZnitning 

eii.-ke4 

lititi'slNl4 fss-en is. 

1 

-i af 1 1544. '1is4 :jij: 4i ratiss otftile ini 

iamis- ttilti tfile 4:rlsim 4.44its-vi. Whii4114 the ezrirlain in 

Illfliverv~al riiittir i, motcilhl l-Inimaltvi m Ilsef lVi,,4siji to( A....4...s trjiuna U( raet~iJ .uWOh A 4.. 

CONFIDENTrIAL

Tuoortrait~te 

iW the. him' surfant'e' Id criit'skl£11 ItilsVk ZXimy UnUIy'A 

It tttay fie diat1 this tijaiit-1uisI i,fetitvt 6S Actlaidil the 

'1mW tnais-tttc lbatal is a vcft "art~im hands tallivil lihltinitnltt rini-tip tivitl of theI hiterif wilte lay-or. It 

ftmnu;. the& tratl-ittsmn vlleta latrune fhile thewnnailV atI. Alhmiths be' ct'Iiaimtht1tt'1 tha~t it i*pts 1 5551iCl to tiletitify 

"1"16 hir ' *w& the imm~iteigw *sts Pte . It In mW plusshow Isyxm *falmio5 that littmit always be$@l 

-1 tse. -%Iijch Iis a mixt tre it qit'tt-tsltqi ths~~,huh 

- An inllv defincsl. Trv m 

o~f insnia esrlslean tuush31pu-irssn in em.ires',us'I fsin his. 

Since' it is a lnithirtut if tlerinti't Itr.m~i,4ssrtistin.11 it iN 

reallyv a satrl of the thtniulby 431ts'n' layr. It is thc 

i 

I 

sWrflmiI sM".epsr9t4V bmrawo . Waatjw-A it its obarply (A0c 

414fin.6" (lite Ito ftltt fact tha~t it ett'Iet 513Iktet Ithe* the 

nu-4i o thu. thtitruxally alter Aj layer. 

% IL 

'he inner white layer it in 2"lleI I'SpCrto luitter 5 

4-OV44Y re~utril to tlse tlteruusl~i aItt't'i layer thtan t" ~ 

ti'stmitthe himr Lhit aver.W e is u p,tmil .'httrplx is appied 

t p151 g~imenti -r are viexri5I ituu.r Issut iiuittifieu.;,. ; 

are~ eslllh~visy . hmiswwevr. thle ituiler %%huit( layver anit flest A-innsrst Iitle t50*t, wti51? hilets'. Wnwo'we* 

thvi"RY altered IS~Y"a sw %LH onni aeto iti rade insio tstm'a.'ýin 25-.t. join tuis. N.;. tti2'rr at the w stim sat 

the thermnally ultrest la t' r stsses. usihti u tanifernu 

thickium ilslbt extent6its t a tutifsrtin detplth Isiesa the v l tz[-,x 

genra ctiasurlave. whermis the thin inner white layver 

artttmily has. a sunueswit utiifmmit thickne-*s andut fisl. Ouster ushijte lutieu -t% the. type tie"cIhe here amw 

tows lihe etintour of the stle an3in)tis the ritho-'i o~f lthe fssuuiml Only in- Kliti tuitt htave.t beeu fired with singlecracks. 

huase psaowieris. It is trute that white htltayrser !t 

V'tsafly tile inner whi~te layer ihons3 itti otmictitre. litile% fouInd ilt grItsD tisuit have hueen fired with double. 

t1t'lftis.tie hw~er. , files suditt-ttt iss~ utisrlo of this liaise pjowders, ttttsl two e'xamuples of thems ture oshosin 

layer has thle -Inatitirltit timtslr .-tirilmtril tO aitstefl. in Fittiti's t0 andt 7. Theliir churac~teri.-fies are Surne. 

Us shiswn in Ftgnire 51. v* wissilit At't that. whaut stifferreut I nfr ile oh sne's alitott to lie mhevsrihled 

ahthsitslc tile Ilernia~ll '% altered t6u'r sisic, nil take tip anti. uttfssttimtittt'IV. thtey have nout lieu sitttdict in 

ensmisth ralitimn tor tuitripgren to re'tain iltisteisite sin isismi- Pwffidt'ett itstajl to waurrant dscrription heme. 

in% or even tetrakniutud ssurtmn.'te. vet the tsatterutimmt T"he fart that L'n outter w-hite Liver is tnot found in 

,mssfaece of iltie iiriinal tMr' can ill-dye muotsith cir- All joas that ha:ve hken wittialiesl sit". nut R-wsiuilY 

Ip-st or ttitrvistef it) retain uaa~teAitge.' ~Stch aniu~ssstunt 4i itttj1v tlsu it wals. never tlrei-eflt. for sst~net'im" tractS 

crivon~i or tnitnnen wsutld .ijsjrivi~thly lower the isuelt- osf it can lm fistitil in sntetritttareom-s sts % Ilehtivem 

ifix Iviistn of 'steel. It s hsehierrsl Isv Otmti that tlh'-re is thfe lip. sof cfrek's as, irhiwn in Figure 6i. Th1iis layer in 

.4tffivietut evidlence to lAsst- that this4 iatrfac, Liver hlls tile iruse ofi ittrde-hLacst'swiler's is haurd. briltte. spells 

tiultshul h s~ihtit liii sul 1w tee I miluji-11tvh.'" In at 

least 11Itti'15, it k%;tA *.l11ii V t ht~ll te lit'itltts %%'ife 1:1 cs r 

wasI'l ivit lwdithhy d iflt'r.'nt itt rhssiviifil e.i.~ -tist 

rn-slY~. a111 esslt titus 1s ,a,.ilyretu'tiveti It hr pmjetiled 

1hirii!. fi-ittiv. Futi tfile satltlt reatusims fautlty techniqgue 

in Imias~'Iitgt lite Jicvillcilost (sir illtatllsiqt'.tphtiC exflntfrmitlthe 

sted (sir it u-u I I e trougwsu's it ha u~ve flie 

s:tilts vgi pr f .1 ritut ttrva :ts ýive's. "' l'r.~t t.a . t herlfi-rs. 

Pitll% .i us s-rit osf is this lser %%:us fiqi-stilA att fillgjm':tk 

tettgi't'r-ttsire fites' tsht mý s -- l ivs' ug u-i slots 

ituiat iti retoisi s' it. It is ilust u.ttahlv f'istiti itt mitl" 

%there zeuu'r~al meltittisml' uf lite -smuifavcei orets~irrteA. 

Wsith nii sims~e-l ia-4 Visol sr, it %%il imtl kablsh sI . wi fssil 

Mmllista I~t lists.arml of if t e r-itwou osf s'iev'.il atietting, 

imltta 10tutit. .\tt-tsitite Isis. 1xvilii'ie -itl is-lsltt 'ied wiil;l' A tolil ssi tisetmtesi ,.siiface. 

CON FhIDENTI %L

W114-11 det'l rif4w- 311 ,141 staKuswg,.e, awt 11-11 i, ~u;unl. UWSI~I Im vr tW ivas 

tl~akuhazat.I minsount f .ti-tailmn Ise ." Iliqi f*it," tolf lyotinrr siu4iirw00 ANA mutt" ORM .lnfatrw 

Us-a fssis,,.. ouseh o ori t .4m o. iii F.Iigir- X. are.d ffl 114 s. s4111vs..rul l Glsw dtsTthe sIle"wltsi '1( 0111 

ofswwtvs1. * isi " a ssaw~h ifia t 9,, w. in ralat i.fst", of sW..imia nssaiefr,#4s solowqinasiwau ls folroltemAwba u' 

sot libm. kver it, vnatsl~r: it Isnsilgr. roracks.150 mou lsasie. salter~ whiles layrs. asil gin Avairv tht 1YU4IWl 

ea where it fill.. t~g the masuwa ik..I rrmrk,. as, mars i n goumsvo,~a 

FW~rr 2. In tlw-or jmlnnses if ran. lism ,4n toosi.. remsplAn ~ . 

Ti1w lssuramkar Imieoa~vol tlm' hons, awl the. swater i 

so 0 

kn".'h isalsolis- m5lirad sb. t~he ee towq losomri. a ) F:~N~ W~4 LN 

timea mibor too s "ommlipo if( mThiew i rmnvva aw emsaianip.I Lp .I OD~R 

pan lsls .RTi-tat IEL iftmmsataoo @11 

stare~u _ _ _op ts" tolspnl(;W I1(i 

si~s'n nanil tiu tnsuglssu: ss~mtr whale (sag.m4mns.0 hoess ne WJ istloommis, N ssafat wt4mfist 

fla,* ~ imsl,,i~tCO 

. g. sdzsI lii. 'iisurq ~iif NoftP,' 4MssfSr r ,ss ntr~rk, ,m nvf 

lime aimlar thate hadcs N"r~n~ ws 511a h1ýs '" rited" uDIFRNE 

sm:,sraEie. seu f G~LN6 wED FIR 

ll~~~wi~~mJC 

r"- svwa .4NT 37Al.mols

ufcsg m rirsw n for 11itrvlt 1 foi~i~ r heel Ii. It w 1aa Ihgeg J.t t :l :in9je1I wills I lip r.*'eu~i - so 

trimn i nil,'ii- 411411,1114.1 ;tpt4IIjiit Gir I lit-e~ liuiý' Iimit th Iii h1: 

~,,I.-PilitV4liY h I t111e- Ilioghto Iw- 11114. to) 41 11m1mjl4t%'ifulm tyv "w ilOn I h -:t.g 

araIn ogw 

IPlIisA.I4 #011 111-4 11417 k's 

I I i4*t'i' 'eI tie'11I itu o v% of iw.o'. ler.- 4 I hliegh 

i'clofl inAct, iot 'I 11.2. 1.11 

4144.eal.tg-h1.a potile'r 

C4QWA44m 4WLn III'.tof I4&V* teVWi..g 6^1% 1O4%las44L IAVUi 4.I..44i 141 t16. ID".0' ("mno 

its .,w,4'iI In-r ýsegdfmq. ftw the- Ar,.4 tmw.-" *tAll Cop h..wl a Lay.y lof %Wit.. jurnel 0).f1 iwna thirk so the 

i:i4iiI 1%%err") linaell at1 ow4 n44r. the- 4orig~ie ilf ri. migrf~a. ;.. '11:1. fiz.l on II,.' Oll.~ foe ti . qu-1411141 IIaut 

tu .Ini als.Iihat ii to) In rritor Mill. oal-tenite. i h. 611itlIW. 11:141 INt11.44 e1.4:)OI'lI 10, 1114- (Polls Anlig ,iah.-Iw'.. 11s'. 

illy rp( IV it14 I hIt,. mr 4 fi I t its Iu:.n *I% it' e3 agit 1 rvnil' I,'% I.ii der.'mt . 114 41 thiii'i 11:141 , moi':15i,'I i 

ulp' limii. l.'4n' *il- 

'flu' fir'S wva- roittoe in nalaiv'OIy largre ami4o14into1. il 

min-ora~intit uithbwel nto4 %% itwhvuh . oiwelfa..m 

.4--4. 

1,rita.-ti It~. ~'n.- tat.rt ..rne .~,t ni le 

'i nan mti er 11,111 white w'cnIt !1 N4-fwtinsnOu r hl 

(layrltpeJIneI lent ife 4i I'l ) .7-i.. (':14,iu gu.? w:~4.e .A ies.nntle % it, larg'fvieie .c It e.:sojv elfe Ji. andt5 

= sun -4t 34n. spnd tlte' 3-N. g. liner 31 No. ,in n n.' 4 1~ .5in. ' .. uiri-i iwr " 43ýn2-o 

f~e,.. .unI o 16.' -4friedwr m-.~ Ilrlsn fired picna Itti .r"d;.m tuhNo mr sIl. 

Vrss1 

1ttiwahc.l (11i.. ftaigurei hao a.111:011 o stoe Fir. Mmgei inh:,raet'r. .1 11 a1. filti' lsu il,t im-nte moFil 

it i. 'at I . It -iAI-MI titn ni t-n,. iiie 1%e NIIi, Irelon Nmt c-A II Art) 

11, ai \%( .111.' 1.4tor1 ' 1 'ctio, it)1. Itrat'e load ceme :ia,'ti tiIte \%ich in4 tine1,11 he'.- was111 almon pAV .. im.t 

E.Utilpit- lfpiti4.1 iloWih 're.,it Ile. %%as4 (lefny altl.eI :Ital Ixtt tlnelt am tick. Slcrmnite' lrtIter lay. i 

.,ind 3-I,:'.. M3t~ tithio Ileh.' Exa mp'Ie e-4' ie4oIf~ :,11 riui :looeatit 1%V: 

,f -4 te pf duil acoilr h:lil tb,'ntain run.his eit 

einieadciitt rmntiew (r:UN W Hm l)i2VIal veeltadAl Sgrmsm4 

gun 144." i~w .5-n. an Ole3-i. Iin lnerNit 

25-e fi "I l. ilh in 11 v io 110lt-1 2.2 

had isi n

P' 

T111. P14.-41. 430 1 ; A 441 

Ing~ it( eietlcmt~r-yI f in it %%it Ito. Is oule- I x-4. I pmiir. '11'-t- irfawt' teing.'rataire. abermi. it 6, Fe'C if the Ofswi 

retAt off lite titalern;,I %.Aý fi-rrite tingc'tr nitii : itfl 

alsil"ielt .11 atetpie. 

ill foe; tI ierfjer i- rtsPle rzpillv. At lIttigmet m.arfaxe tern. 

lNItI-al'l" vAI i6 IIW in,.teI 04 Frfog nii sicag. 

114-11t elt-Hrislirie irosn :1114 Ition ,ttv' ri'AtI i I lmsill% trt eoccnt's (orIlls teA&u'A'um 

BZR. the' bivititi "I thle' wgra msatim~sl,11 'Uh i f~wmoam&ilic s 

off e',wiwir#tF' in, le 1MdUctwi uih4aIuaas4 the 

Pull,%~ wowi 3)nlftle-.tlY fll- ;iflowi. Isac 'th rt-a4s'a, The pitwvcing ,eIu~''i* 

usisic Imimestie ct % errarrtie mil~l an,fe'nite. F~ait For FNlI-*%I2 pomkr (lisie1ae the enitccnatt 

attiiwiuio of elpailf"Iino ,eIt mitrla. aiitl %fififjt uec'e :1,tv primiiIc'tot :11 w Atiii Mdwtegicgwwitirns o 

ae thesieame aso 

gNross'nI. No emenelititt' w~a, f4m1no11141. i'n ltoiIttll flce' feir ojinglc-IsisN' pomoillr. Xt high pswfa'e terscperatctrei, 

paarlish,4 icttaciiasms o hitha :eixttaisvtcsn- f.,r evitwaet- s-i-er. She' lwuionstri im. Frill fifir1i aimie range of -OWn 

ite Ito I* this 'n cici hittrcet. *f~'niiest. no u i prlii'ie' out' it ilitifiit,i oft s'ivocg "I tk- mtim~ in -. If(0.1% sulfur 

a higlier tehii'ttl"It(nm fow -I oongt tifll thati thf' iimwt hin allow'Y tit, e'thet pomob Visb the , ul8~ pos~ta l as 

surface. wichvl wa's rmcjmuly fiitme'iI 1tthe Is:, oft p iis( how .in mcfare' tvetvimicumi. 4 lot Fi-. The prr-orlerl' itpoll- 

Irem jteartiu'lets em ve'rl .ilfc'n't in~tiic-lie"In- lin-il ('oc t4'IIn'tltiertui5. 

with ,isl-uteIsomilerl'. lies' Iiergictrattiosmilit(' -Ark 111C (It flrnatifi oq ii o nlen rititlem wa1s fleet evcn'selety'u 

lite anti t'pc'im eins115 ist 711iida fmil teii t iivII7'e ii-atm It iltanit Itieyim cid the pesceitivit of the clnam. 

;umtaIAw when inm sti ee al,'ile't 1xtio-l~k ýii:%.& ae' fin-mi IExtimoslaictims 4 ril ah1let da:ta k~ it'dt the ruritidcrion 

mua kmg nv*yaev aeruceinteo air Iy tim'Lwf"J-ell tw 

PAirfm rq tihat (tinualtiem if inn. nitride,. 6' 4uupovaii~tib at the 

arfa. Tlit-e M-111tIt. il~is-ahit' 1141101 inidlF1I0t i VOI'jr 

a mitt' 'sIufare mq:1 I*- q1111 it Iias :saililinirl ills e'mimf. 

ternhlwtilt "flfl~ei honsoeam , aelcwuit"#1 g firing. Xitrkidm- 

himeevcr., 1tt' IWse fuelneil in guns'. It may' hle that 

Pise cnrak typsterns. tihey- iccimdemp a tiamotmits at te'rnpe'wuturrc. higher 

a" Tbrm sm ou-evsnvaliflatiuti 

Ilion tlrn-e at which theri hcae Iween -.tcceirvi. thu's in- 

-.%ly mitcaplialtifin oif the data. 

Its thiss" IIIr the~ hwuwim U1 .shil M of iwetjion. 

Th1C pritalcti Uf aic'tec'iniwt fiit le thliltoitimi-l v-soil. 

pountilit rem-ilting fI'iii tl'isltinterartitinl off511 im Aithc 

v-.icll fll(~ Ice r,.n..jgle',d Txvitorai #4E the- 6At of ifata. 

*fl~ik it w n' ixfeortnate heirmtbse the lienetratio of ci rpowder' 

pKMw Vat' Pstcclicti in tiIII- to) vixliai, till- dilt. Immn aind nitrogen int the "tel. evidc'nere for which 1.. 

f'er~enro A~wv4 olIe'vei otu n lte' rv,.eclt's 1)):iit-ilsq %i tIh iivmti iii (uip~lltr 11. eiuui take plarpcm- p w',ablzd) with 

ttingk'liitiomt ')4 let7scit s Ia liIt11cil %iiii (11111 li4 c' Ibel fIilwimltillf fcu 'sliiiis It t-iulkid Ile home in 

Isaa-e puinclrA. t tte' elleoix sofat:avk1 vmpoi'tl I 4I -limi. mijiol. houmneer. that untec the hecre ,.cwrfme'e hu' taken 

daiml t hertniil~nit'ollir niclltthol.. too dIe-termine'. on. ic- : ict; e-tmicgh earisom or nitrenm fi bow t'h to lilpiefy. the 

notivilver of mmimlit ion,.. tIes wilt iniulet liiinflice?. t hat ip. 

file ploshint tihit %%tioihdiv I's' e .tees if si'lenlwievc fripjli. 

( fimnait joff "'iluti ssii sinimtit i's of not cnews'rn. The &i 

1 til-,fiv'1il mteitctIal ili,.'411et. r-37+1m -U1t4l cut mien 

iron ande :tit itifinite tim 1:31it ' of thtlie lisei let' w-. lit a 1iClote r miti-'ne'tit'sI 4t it trk'' was tin attempt to 

491411 1wttinx -,4ric't of teat-isn 11, if( pmt4,, milli ittim, Ilif 

tilt lsate1 Imitie 611I ' thleonese thait r~iie-A l ie.'tie 1471'. et 

e- w~ipin lite eif~mvii" bet.lvint-i et' the it-ilt's found in 

thfe f'xit-lintli'iit. with the te.'t hlihook's me t ho's in the 

* 

fgee-e'nergy rhcisge for (emnna~ticcin eirmfl t i 

~~~~~~~~All 

sus-ýil te letuilmibri711 Iffs 1-t%% ell the 141 ',an 

m iron1 711. 

cinii 1711 

etisi-lillent.te oiith the' mofal filitlE.. i'heminoel nanii 

rglltltiet!- vi er s,.et to uhetmriine the 'stahilit ifti of 

oire uli-wsums." in S('(timi MAT: It. 'i- eii iIIlill-Al lt~e -didl liloa4 a"' a-3*1 1I. ,, pmire', filthe ilireetior ofl 

ttin~lttr gte-firiviK tim~ntitui-' that th lirt il-lmtl, it Ili( 

Wj's picise in' fit 1`11omagis lto P-11i~lisll tlit$ 1'ttoililrimii 

lithe Ii114ccl1i-:l mseftffl4,:' Cipclifltrililin vttrvtNaer Plitt. 

foi t l (tir flce ".tie ti-Net f'mtnc Fc4 11111 Fec,( rumco, 

famlt't'arc ihc-en ifIl he 11 ita- itig- Itittie 1r:Itmr4 t1' Im( ie ami4cc CI Imi (li~qt- 3 ssmai11 tilerimtt liilsr 

-nvrim a.' 

It vkj's (111111 that for I-ilNI I-. l5ism.1c (-icitvl.-. ui s titv tm's' .4 the' lio-rf snrfae itilrin14 firing. In 

liL-ci) tile itititl~ti'tt lim-hlcct at lmu stirfmil- It-iltmt'ia th's tntprk- 14reit rc %%j,, taketi to -hunw that ctlil 

t 

el 

CON Fl 1)-A-I %L

tc'.l Ii~itk1 4 tile a-1$lIllitlEl that tile 4 lglmiiililflllm 4-1911- limw tIm4irIr~1,4%E ulke'i"4n'l pti olm in'lY ,i tihe "alam 

P-lanttt tom lIEt ii-M'E (fir pi44tohII I'l'laitalto 4'lM.pol''''EidE lot te'tm;3eloclt in. 1118t tit P%!l4 0*~ 'lt'II tie l11 (411)'l"thf~n 

.A tein Ii'lattul'4ui pmlvsi~htly alivs'e the breen ,.iarfa' olf ltie imEclliet. F'errite mn'il :mmeitite were fitunt in 

t~len4'~tlook l'14in io pm14tl.E.4i. tin tihe .,.14 tof thosIe' t4~llli E'1 4 With miloii soma~ wmEerm'. time monly either 

Elwitim enmit"tnti rather than thowe few hi~brlos tent- roosoottlwflt jwutifisrel wgoo oufuade lFell)~. sumiimn 

pmlorrstm thwgis. ..eritf' i ved siliatl diffl-redl Cr1111 tii~le il~mll Elf %,list, Pwitntemei ll1*fl remn~Ctl ~flw the 

finmo eet. tut C 'ifoci 

rimil"-t 

w ith litim- ("l1'l)tilln Efi IMR11. the hill. 

loratleliur l~ tolp~i0-d "re thimlm, invimivelI leil t.),W.oume 11m- :mmIi hint- CINikibiI jllltl.E Elf 1111 nijtride tFe2\,) in 

imw'tnlkt emaili -.1ni0. shirt' will lotti.--uimet,41. in Pee. valviliK Iflliftl4 wpw l'l'Vt'eil4E iv tile' X-a A~fkl%-iP6 

glue I=33 AL- the effee'tos.i uitnoom-a mawl hyd"Velmea V1 the IWArM'IN 613-1 Witha 1311111 0 the is "100 me MMIL-Ma 

telson thle oyo,.enm Fr.C.4 were Emq4 Ie'q.jJ,w tent.* In tile ca'US4' lthe14 Aso~ir o,4ooke-I lplwEqlil. an isni~reflti. 

iW'tmtlte' l'elti~lfl,- wen-l tlli,.m%'l'E its this, rine'mitm iiinjl. 

0 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ lnlw Elf the 4mmen illstipm werr .,t nmirie t Joy i'xpritumitlal1 

eilflenc. 

lime fOR.JIAimimg Mtneitit'ii,.m~i W(MIt dra~wn Cr11131 tile 

pIIIEIy of tile' Ic r('- I ~yltemm. If tile CO CO1)~.ltl r iii'is 

tiCl tilt' imwlt it( 2 Aii 3 31111 if timt Zotlmmli'Etmm'l at tilte 

fired wal,.ilml itW fEistngi. 

Ito view it( time thimenium.l~yi:siuE i'linfl,.eiratt~imfllmE'I1e. 

tinmrn41e'ml uu~vt. tike UOI,.itea :311 r4'lml.'tlitlarP Ito * li e- 

looeuttAi its thffle 4a.EeN wiemt they-a men- fomamusl. Thle 

gn'ater immlitpeit'i it( tiCtime rx-tlmt- i% lihpliIalil v ' tite to 

ltie fact tha~t werlm' gllE0itiilll'?- lw-iei4'A thtV'4El~f tile Wa- 

Purfareaut Ile opeemmnten oe~lo" mittexlri'Ealinsitt iltXlC'. ter Vgm re-ietewm an- pr'-ent im time primgirlntt S 

* ~ ~ 

le 1 (is Ito tl itt eliperteli .mN tile' ImliaE~r n-i'dth jlliinotml4't. 'lie lt' 4i~mt-P toll'f ltitnte 11t4'l 1moot.i~c CGminn Illr imtimw ar. 

htl 11 iAt41is Iii b rt'lnweteii aIINvaIti Z iNmI t lIc'. iC time EIEimiint (for thea nitr'ides, tha~t are' fmlluli. 

COI 0(I h114 rui Elfto tile tiniter (if umm Y'. thin*1 Fitl ~ 6 ~ li m 14 e' nle llemm e'mtit o et-iflit 1f rite mill tile teHXMmme'tuIrV 

lie e1114'Ied no time utulj~w real'tmlml pnooltmdf almovte dmf timle prolN'lElet pisi't% ill romimtllt with tile boore suu17. 

ablw low IO C. tuiti Imel4ow U11111011 !KxI C Ve'c ula3y ..taII 

he jwoumdciot int PMeImp rnblilr lll4I1tutit. hiwnwiu~g time 

fare maul"1III l ef"4U PIN44MItW 4hl tile iIM)al1pis. a lmlltjEst 

turtEIr iII booth rap,4N Iwling tihe Clio Villt) rutkk baao le 

£ 

pI'eniEti' favupri. Fe1 ( while devt'tI'eln~g time lmretsim3' Iliilt 11 imtiery thmat at ioci'tEIr Emf at certalin Mi,)ll)ip itioi 

~~~fat-imr EIxiclt folnmmatisom. Tle iliKhrr'V)' CO CO.. r 4 timi night line (101i114 thazt W11114liEi le-. iess t'it'. titan any of 

tin'topmt tis fglllhv toAimmgIc-imtmse li~mttiil's £3111 time ltie hliv'-e'4m j)IiwEIl'lI. This, theory 6' dim-i-4lmue in SeehoEIWC 

111114 tip dilnil~t'-iioor loiilreom. 

It 4oftI1loi lie nltetl that lim this- pevolnd immvoltiftatitmm1 

thin 15.64.3, amml oe'ver.l pirelihmimmarY extpeflments 

alimimg thimi :iIIC firet' 4-iie'd~i~ ill - 4 time priilullt'tA were ternomeln~ 

eE'tiln 15.atS. 

t 

rinm-thm'r lje 

then1 ilsedlarnnfr. 

N-itiming its kimown uimotit time rafmtes Em re~tetien at tim 

i 

tenixmmoitalEtsni uil prt,urrp,~~ thmat aire tilimtaint('i in time 

~ ~~firnn EId glmfl. hlus j-ritC5Ellm yil kimlctl5lilt tamC limiise 

us ' EiIOit N PRODUM)LCT E'NTRA~PPED 

IN THEi coPIrKIIiN;" 

iqupimrtamurr. 'hlipiemfore. even tbiugh lsgl :11 tile itimmt'i-13. 1 ct opjsrring 

cail ultitmlate ~l~inichilt' havIe letnim fonidl~ ill pl3nN it 

tlatlflt ..tiftly Ik Nitinet..llmiu that1 anarttlli 11 eimel l)3lhilt tlim em iiEtl ,i t( mpplier in'r gilhig ineltal Anind~ in 

will alwlays ie it in tmititimate ipn~itht. Monte are -arey ckalt. Ailice' theyv en~trapt ulltefl1i 

3 * X-Ra I l'Aaniitioftj4m 

iii the Fr,'onT 

~ tOs"O 

of Barmei4 Fired 

~t (;il 

e 

epjiileti 11.11m tile lillE' ,.lmm~al'. ifllh134ingl CtJirim4ini~ds 

Cfimeilr ill nnicltj)ino wtithi tile 1iiimeii ga.". . Ftir thiu 

nm-At Eit-l m ' v iiyloli~e'rvii ,.eetienm EEC eriwirl gtmns have 

a:4 ;I 4,#in-r tit* cmj~ ff pnxhiittut Cur mutilti. 

lime qulan~titait ive dete'llminatittjl tit time rite fof ensýiqpi 

Elf gun ýtvri' withm diiifenlll prwiljMillatit fin hrlIil tile 

Tnicw14 imll3N Illliil W%%eret'I.vfl'Fit iii Crlotite ctipgper 

byli~ ~,ýP lvili ti'het ltter le'.v tiele tE'EIii~lme iit-:crilsei in 

bet the 1ri'm tlE 1 tlmllerl win Ill"liftlgt' "Nt V let 1111-4 

ii (T' Otn 1)l l ii'I~'l. 1.3. A lva tail its1 Sri-)n I Ilt 0,-4 hr tilet 

I ill' lljth~e'Il' fia ile fe'i~lllgIllin-isl file Iltt4i1'an ;111 heN I fll61WdIlC1 fil if)(' r~j I lt, I iii' l-IM).4t tha wer S1i11141. F 

til lilte erll-ivvi -.x liftie 11o%41mer. 4'lli,.iýt lg isf alt4'rnaleIt dvq4 iOis( irElf i mit 14 .r.)tuetE 

* ~CONFIDEiNTIAL

andl ..h*vk-r 1bri,. miel If( Ifintv to,( .- ipp.-r. It". owi-. .in( 

thi. o Moi L fit iien tAliid, 111.1 liL.-ne'l If- :611t-r- 

I-ut .Asiatiag am'ethnlo ?oil "n rintnhly firi-jlenti- 

ritel Iit X-MVOa UuI. k "( tl`-QIIIV Vllftitittl( 

nat.' sioh 1.iffi anell lava &twoi (leave, at viserans. it was. nonsons~iamI siniq sixpin P, 014fs,,ttn.te'm,,1.. 

pamitl tohierww. calky hfell late Ait wa amy .h folo.wtalw (I U41.Af awl 0eh uler- v'aite ( ri . tUS 

suilfur- in th tniatw efrlng.t..mrmci 

to. the ttstly of IDIM0.a44mn it io file ni-sorti..n..od . 

have Iwev fismaif im millerI guress to the awe .4 a 

75ma 

dpat 

sswp. (4ined itat-dVtswieii with flu. r..pwxinjc. Wartzije 

4 w 

pawiler pawt with 4Mt-e that :are it( intaer-.t ; howm-e... 

atllow woo IAhene in d1 .tpinvat at the ,.wifztw. whik' 

l01141 611112irrtili. Sol Wuit"ie so[l alsol, ,jlp-ef~h river 

tlue*m~r cfthe..o~wr~g i g~. hi. i,-L'.I ntu. (ifeef neuter 11w nqpRvv~f#%4 inlitefrniv. I~reiatzie and 

notion netiassling other mu-~tait, ll,.,t have taiken ophsh'rite arr tlm 6igh-awiser-trietmicrafttv f(eimo tol 

ph...'. tOn of thew. io the mst,.m ofE tN- rospp.-v for xin.- voilulte nvpwueirni~. Ith inrerwwmje peiwt with the 

gii'lling nwtznl with tIe -etillur its file- petile~r Mvept. 1ti.. Issue' oeidlifih i low C. I *xgnitr t0143J its a low-eynract 

thit ..npgwr :AntI gin.- t.n4.1t. nwe "-idiwide, l fle- gs-atira tea m se.ts.4iq.uwreaofl. fPn-A.nsaislr t Ihio in. 

.alfur mlay Ilifilc~wthe ,-ff..444.1 tdfle "11l(,,r mnnip..n. yg'roicn le-wniw.'utmv woffa enajlef .tw. to,,~ I!what 

enI..4~ttrIttwuiiwhr ta the ivin wted. whtl ilii~l teniirisgltorr vkvw ma-u-lie at anti nera. thaerloar-ret. 

it 21tin-lielv 14.4. fan-. bail 11w na- inseJwp arnson th"- ollfw~is, at* 

COMMW S1LV1TFlA 

stif Pito.lde. 11we aimosisreov III jwfre clue", nt onw-- 

,mimaly lo-w" tWa the mtianawlinte liear raifave hill 

rrem-hel a1 tiqa-MI~ar n IM~ C oilue thN- inictuinn 

Wioth the ,ul(.ir while-h 6i ilim-olviel in fthe ll,,lu-r Jilint *nar he '"Inwe 1W the pn-.wss- 14 other ei.. 

awl that whwic is ett 1mwn iii the frinsi ti I-Ifinsiv ocml. uu-niss. Wta'raD .ino m - @A* imshier "lei~kW" 

Sel ft cum.avili Iw tiktec-tmi 6~thuuot stuiniial Ithe river ,.itillveev auwu..-inw%. Sui..eij in acts, that havi. 

volvisti ,frymit. Whtent n-ilpa-tril !wwe-,-.ioar Pise-tij. tqqnxtv rather thian xilling-.nieral deniaaut,. Titer Sin.. 

mewn.i err heajted in hyelrtp-n andi else ,.ltlu-nt V.,-, 

a~lre aw~livin:2..m oinllnill ~al.Ute'.1 uwe110JlwImril~if~tft. 

in thema raw. ni ayJrrhae lef-i1o-fieirewi from' iiaptritillw 

in the VO-npillew I %At ii a,.Wr likIelyV~ t If* the uof 

.-adnmimtn uiolle- it Aaimed wHi.h inifliea:-.i fixprittew-nc. 

h.irdrlitrn P-ilfife. 1the Imw-nn-v fit mp..per 

tridg o.Anennp.u h ain'L nkalf.f 

the Waritt~ic ithit staff Aftiwi at thse lo-aiatos . thp 

mnwllitlvera n *ei. ;.e irellitutrel NY a vomtait- prijnt 

mirthold in %hit-h pita,.-.imit evanifir ~i% usilmh to fric-h 

niewithi .is( lhe -2 1 ilp ri-a- in a 5-in. gitn-'b 

thil merittpei- n. Copper qAlIfilet. nit-ti A,. frhaleiite 

((NOS) anil .- uehlfite (Cot.9) nrcohablmhe in 

mulsie. TIll, totalI s.iolftr in the ropitiw-. tn Ior ittinci 

fry a-mov-ing the ihlisuit Aith the ,ngi,,nioneal "itll- 

0 IS tLt)i:WSuaC 

,.rs 

(halt-na ('I.las lim a-n (miond in the rotperr and 

akiem lin. bore. -frar where them'. a-a no cnpppt-. The 

lion Jewneril,- in Se.-tiem 11.4.3. and, byv analillus~ Ic-ti, ,inay hei- ulriid (roani the pinflfllCT or (ituhi k-4.1 

lxth the ,ailoigions, anwl the iniotblle ". ida..',. Thr roil int'w-,oraitrl in the powder rhairio-, toe the pur. 

vasaitio,, tlipme.lie-e ther rhab-twite ancl (4)Vllife :10 We'll ia-.O iiettI-~rencinlg thearaosi,,. ofc~tiin.Mtli 

7 nipper ; the relatively inviou bif roplet golficle, 

digenite is (,So. cain va~aletiloro Ise ftioni in the in. 

14-Adhaji aer fietenifim c-ro e, gonts.1 "' ' H laailim ifel- 

(:itie and1 ,ducantate liare Itersct idcrntifieI int ,u,4dne,. 

foliotI re--whitic by x-rayv nnwlt-.,w. .-u-nti(.filll (rint ir qn- 41~wicgtliin. Putapcillin 

(i~nhvmiti, liz. Ites', istentjfitl livflue ti* nieliol (of r,ilfaf tea~i liket-i6e left., iall.-aotfitv in laisri-..crftacitnalve~im 

in the matferial rr'i~iti,-. (nline the. c-ran.-yi l)Kiriait". Th1e htarisl awl" gatacciili a-en hoth di.aivr-th 

oi. rigln id rifling il,,-r.' theeii-n- tits. ni. npcv nx. triii tha ie juwiirm~~. 

onii... tien the lairr.. .taitW. 

Za-u R.PItS ,rc v iltl- Awf.- ya. Ia- n. n:isaIcnt( flt-e ,hi-tril~t..,'in 

When.'i g~ldirig-nieh:t (:Ah, 'v 4i-ill',t-r %%ilh tt-if 0 .4iri in, tht. m.ina-rrn.g III gu~n.- In 1111' id ne KIM, 4 

lencl flit:k iil,~ '1.:114lA have IN1 11-4n ,:.l.inc m- li, id- anr- A.-ia. Na.val win tidira. l,:tne filet ret't:,t - mi.,-.lan e-ril 

tixmial in the c. .i.;wnng. 'lie-.. -~iin. it lae loivtnt1 i-l y I,-:. uat.11if -alto.'an ti-ppe.' %ith rrjf"'lt III flei 

CON 'IDE-NTI Al

KNIVA1101 VIw4 L1'T LTIL PSLLIa~ 9% TUX~ Clar'ERING 253 

.fll~~~anet froinu file asfrigin of rilling Iu4'n st nilifil. 11"' 11l:1t #let- iron nil ridIa i- ?#.-. ptablse Ihliti rt'eioeitite 

rta-ilti' an- given i T5riable I. It 1-111 11P.4'!41 111.1 Ig 14t it W t'"bi thf'-v a' foriuaitil vilifier vondiliansa that perfit 

voor-slaia' for the fimaarinnin of a seiuill utuwaunt (if Mtile- 

T%&ez I.Ciapnwritneaaol -ffi~r- ff 3~lm~af'4 "~u. tite: Intel fljut. whlile' it'if itijrifl is fsionoi *ii" his . 

*,ua Matlwua.(4.nq u 

i 3m I%,' .4if .4 ~40.ome. looj rwsah btolib WUthj vtudo na rsiLmmIitel. 

-- ~ - 

. it imay tomt Isi' sublhe- W-hern .-irna' n'iaii ftii the. lower 

Dw4.y netr .411*11' isald i'ntr-lovIil in tloe i'Iiloer'. .%s WasD impilieda 

.willum. ridinag ('unqw. Muioi 

- -. 3w (1U.~ ~ i'm) (m~q ri11fillin 

*tIovlisoj 12.2.1 unost ouv~uii'lln~il'niaw 

ol' igiit' f411iri fhe, fornsalaioland ui*labi~ lity for f il iris, 

1.4- 28 IS 0.1 (.031" gsiricle- jin gItunosiali'oaii.L- foirilu',ii im-ftfigatisni. 

3A- i 2I 0.416i &JEIM .Anas4'aite. asI ia' oalutE' in $ertwi 12.2.1 sang 13.3.4. 

Iti- 0.0 411.11IS hawr"m foosmuhin thrlwvqa'-nitre~r 'saI,~ 

13A-I1A 43 0.22 IAIU ___ naaua'r whaat (yx is p..iitlar NO11 beenf n-4141. It has 

lust3 býAv' fisnnol iso i -gu- ifaiti l oin deropiptw'nng. 

*ansiount or a'uaglfwt' himrre vil iritis diustfin'r (rmin. flet As it iatdller of( favi'. if it Went found, it wotilil Ix' :,er. 

i'nignn 4i rifling. rtnaa-1411l4 ai naxoiann, sat aseniit 13 iii.. 

-tied app~trlnt ly a n'-i-eral fsloisw fri ni I lier, ain. *f.ac e 

iw-".ry tot evuiahista tlh' e...tita withi Ilrt'lt muniitiiif NilE't 

q. P'voillm 11 nou n~tis of( r..ploir inttIaa,,l itiinat ilg tha' 1114 

UWJMI~*44 ,.uII~ww~w vmtw Otisath =611044 o is dlf fiar els- WMeiald giVe thelugiw X-rny 4liffria'tion, putti'M 30 

tOCauIIllwt' ,441*l 10 inuha':ite that the~ sailttir in the flow. :iiierenittt. 

deur ".0' Wait% tfisadmltL'y lettiiit 4'xCih l4lstIII li'iiiiilm 111:- lisl 1(4 (I'a4 h. whirels 6~ fleill- # . 1 iet 1111 coiiiioiiinu 

tann withs file I'IiI4W, tlhat %%-&to f.,sggsl by x-r.fj dliffrac'tion knivli' of ltsnso 

hireul Wnill donelalet~anc jelolder (aba' &artifpnoa 12.2.1 

a" Tnrt Erol~sto Prexducts sasauI l.3.4,.6 alsoa tllA"4'ily ironii coonvinsuJl4U idelifictteu 

Entrapspedi in the " 4wpe 

Trim m'ovion1 ppilurltstl are0 eanisiponiils ea irn',, nr if 

any of the nllckving mmustitunct% in fti,. gun ts ,.t'. 

11or nowl s the ,qilfsr 4slompiaindAt iieatieoneci 

is der""' ri ng ra m'ithi satepoipairoih tryas servll +tms 31,. 

O~ther iran comipouraLs thiat were null fouind idin-etly 

osn fihp hoow oiarfare's leave liaee found mitransptx' in 

file e'aplier. (hile of tha totaai. intert'stiaot of thaem- wait 

iruisn-tiel. bsrown ''etaimeaci wlaii'b wias the motifstout- 

alos~ii'e have~ IK'tt tonsid e'fllaplooltx 

tof prics 

ill tilt' eoput5INflhK sstnlg P- t'14ing itiii't' III a 54n. 4'ainiia- Nst'al taval 

xain. 'flu, esnitsaipi a snuill uanmeant of crystailtine 

Cementite (Feri) wit.identifictl in tileah'napgwlriuag m~aternial that rimauha lave sutntifical Isay x-rsay diffriaction 

r 't'i'fthi fwii alhl but 1. tof thwi'gnes whiichi14 hall In% 

fired with aaiagle-bsase powiiereo. fit the raresi'of hle cone 

exeeption. a 144in. Naval gain, it mnay' well he thsat thle 

:iaualymaip. 'liac a'aailmhoa.-6 iilantifieal were putslamiaii 

aaapper fernustryanitle K-.CtiFe(CN)a, wtistite, bariumi 

aaailfrte. Intel spivlaleiie vibriLu UaS). The complem ey. 

r-Son ostutllI wiam tixt near the nnizzle endo. fin &-ea'.sniae is. in sa s'n-r. a Iflie ennmjifo preseluiet for it con.tiosn 

12.2.1 it was loasinted toaot thiat a'elimleite is a ainsil iroan. It proialIv ti-mns3a4sents the n'action be.t 

cl'hacfrslteltia priadiset at aind jot-or tile origin of( riffling t wean tlite ('lppe-r maill :s minalex iron cyiamille fornuea 

in gaint thuat luive been fira'a with single-hasae Ioalader. onl fi(-le ore stisrfare oft the gun. Other inalu':ationse of 

X-mnv stralyse's a( filie loon' surfsacha't d ualso fihain aacomplex imun a'y~minsem on maaafia'vea fit guns. andi tesat 

that the eps-ilan hihiasr oft irson nitride (Fr-2X.) Wass ,.tiavitiaars leaive bseentainll. l 

.hsarto'teri.i-oani l s t Ileseglss h in~ani tbhat susindI :a1naaitsm 

jar wfist ale (FrI )) warre fomana aan moule. 'I'lai iron iii- 

Wrafitt %-ii'ws ideant ir. I iireut ly ian thue bo~re morarsee 

'of t his gaobeIall life la" 'as 1 jeatral ia) ltme x-r~a vla-iam ' 

trit' i,4 m mitilmlIy rl'istiant . evenai mnare set t h:,n ai' i.- knasnit taa haive roaalslainil a4 mn.au,iderah la' alataint aaf 

mienalite. Iii t atna'k la'3by fit(-arooi~ani~ia a4eaiplei-riiigc lean so iiiaalot-iaild till %Xut fltI is Isa'Iieviml ao lit. al'Iiaely 

mililtin ites; 11- if p".a 'ial in thei 1piahlsr. it S.laaaaihl In- a~ai~ta Iiith file 110as~a (111:11m-el. Wtiart ?i34 (hai'. 

fooanal in Otle ra','iu olue itahaineAh -ail alea4aa~x-ring. Epa.'. agsolma Iznsa %%I ui faoaiaa sal Ilife laaa st iols fir tile laitaililt 

lion irain iaii ridle lism aaidet if'ivd in% -,m. aof thle resido 

in wula inatiehich1:1a1 IM-in faaaiald Ilat a%%m;sa le 

ofe~ ath le vaitraia;v vIta' amaa' iv, it is nail a-a ipoi~ing thut 

~asl' if- p t 1 ' aviilv ataubivaS .. a i~t eati ial Iavit ' ma la 'ar-igin 

It4fa(4iI in lljuasa' fraom tha' gulls ill %%haid, NO-iitte lasil 

sal.', I ia'a'i folinld fll t ha' aloo Ir' ,iifsia'. Th~isa sia:v liara 

of rifliag. lI*1as'Itwa, ;am-i~i aos ia ll 114,14 aaOtf this. gain 

sa-' . lit vm nlliru'3 aahI.asstvl' 

CON FIDI'NTI Al

Clorse~itio-dnulvi..si.if the it,wn rstoisele n'vs'alt'il it. 

uql Aet.* faeir :e11,141se1et if retriwoeeuinciiie loetr'itIa 

w~spfs~e11 .~ti.~eieties' eineeeedwteanaj heoomiKe'ew- 

~ imf~llswSEa ~c~s~ats g m ~ pm.ntji~vos 

sfthe ipliftciese1.etreii. Ill Msfsol tiortiiatrfl'Isir 

40" lhe~1 iseeo.,kt lit'ie massteril io a otlerlts': ScilkI 5.91%; 

hail1.11; Pul 7R%; ull 1.2 . 64'~~s4.17c; 

98-1 Gsmepleity of Drsen1 joeeresl Rt-ieeuess 

It law-' lsii- -himme also' jhrr tie eromn e namanel iia 

a esceulepirs slooloojeww'. Tloitolsi niv&6 a pa plie to 

tie.st "'f lthe tolot~sssainews 'e , isns~enE It 

,.IsoeIs-u v i'Y44tiIsi"4Itiat x-ray 2naltr%6s rveinmis the 

tm-4nsc of rrv,'tnflair voWsr% Iessit sbtew' .s mot ( 

('ait, 36is',t; 7.110 3.5r.5 X11,1,011 0A1%. TIles osulfur tisrursitheaens~it.i eriietots.rr. theapplientrsuleist. 

whirl-s scws't ior, n4s-s'vvcl tlot 16-Imritsoe seifuste isntio( zaralyoeaie -fy 

was, furthecr limited toy file fact 

anti 26W 011l111s0, wse-ttlif6AIviy 1ieM. X-ay alysaes. *ao, theAt zesacy linitenis'eiirsol ;-0wets'fiet~rrin the pow. 

soloo 4irtmiins'.. Prt i(i set.11 irtees g~simo Is- eaecicit-1'ei,4 u14- phteait 4mtcrapbsv. aw it Wal~uw~s, inosoloc 

(to hr thlie wfis'tits' 31i11 srcispllss' irises e-yanieis. buet thes theat evisoileratlvir unwatioue sof ate rplesstes nsatesieuis 

wtir- inwiset which itoisnih it slaffi-sell Ii stitsrtwp],oel. ttear 

atinw.''~ lit adisitiaii. vwnsiral anauiimm.. oether this 

ties'w iso('s . the Ivesciu isentanit. were sesjd which 

sPessures lanre amumissw ofi sarlomectrutio, inucter in 

Allow Moe s-, sand alp* minew asssssentvi oft other ieubs~tasn'' 

soseofwhir-b alw have haer itispo soolutthe 

inths rowtssiseisoueisi ultirb Wur ile'nttfied. 

M4~ItOMON* PROOUCTS SFI-;RFGA.TED 

BlY MWIMX'~CAL MIEANS- 

Erito rreJ.l t. C.Apirele im CreLi 

L .~. ~ c~t ~.. 

S~'~ ~~ tI't~ 4 jt -. c~!~~'itl 

rostaa en. ,~s ~,i 

Mt~ T at 16s- Uvitwm .1 dews em- osh 4E siw- m3?fleW 

W. WN~.) (llscc' fii-sn hfss .isnv-am a. FiVIAM No in 

XDICI ltts-swl N.,. A440C.1 

T1he meeaterial IFiAWM the delrp eraisk ofC an mitnied 

3-in. Clas was rriswrild .werleeuierellv fly the erethoel 

slse-orites-il inSrin 11.'-is i42 assl was s'sihejertril to x-ray 

ansi s-Eeeini-ai aseatpis&. Aucetsnite and magneetite 

Ft'sl le were' itl'entiFAtein ailtlitisev lte misetelld~ of cop-. 

i-i- andi title. (lietteeieal analycq. .showeti that 4.7% of 

c arlesm anti 0)11% ol issrngmn wem )re swent. 

Since' moe-snet its' amasi defrfts--a Isv x-ray diffraetin,. 

tile pr-'''eserer of rdeutsonitis sarillonaeeentirs material 

eusust Imp croiisterisle to amsneent for this large 

arimnuit is(t sr-bun. as view 4-f thes fact theat guins are 

IPA ik e it wai pnelsehlY its ties (ernst,. s-crnitieen in filee 

anusrliessee- gilamsv meaterrei. It i6 19iss-li4s thcat liet- 

"464tite a,-.ssiats-c \%jtie tils seee s'neei eslli cres ..ilt 

dcri-r-si clirs's-thv frise thes iceteceiii-tin id tiles peswie'tr 

psse'- 'sill ties g,111 'teil jut %:I. srvi;clIli ZAcisst e1f tiles 

grt"'.s'. it is' moeees than ;es-ly thaet this, grs'as'i. lsg 

in ties maejeor crack'I wr~tin. heel lesscn rs';weetsciiy tsub... 

jset-t5NIto itd hool tpL- i thesreby tindeis'rtoe s4s'itnes' 

ties' eii-ciliestisen ansi hash is-f a sceisrtent rokek.liste 

icilelsc'tsissii the rr-triko. It sstveic t ifrsItemaicai 

is'.se-eel. iose isse icsceiee'i tcs-is-csii,.~eeee ies.sr ssir I-eiv~ ii-c esin ussts'eeiining tiles pi~rrse'nsc of 

pormits'e in thlica seense, el i- wic t k flecen., searlie.-t. lsst idefsrenes's c-an Iee sritis weeccith rre-cprt t.,3 

t 

o .\ .. rsoilt'Ite FS + A %S 4101fcisict ill-i c tiles she- ties iiress'ee 5,5' eelp-,rar u of 'sicstitntits', ties fliti'ugft 

r-.inw-a-vesec rt-.islces frtp.ec micl *yiot seeimee. 'iliee farst thaet it oltititscttce imst lerwr- rtigitigh tee Wea-nut tice delteric 

fmIlcea(eei ed~irsei,- iti thes re-cell' cu thes tieensese- miwiieems i t esestithrto(tis f 

the' nt ict('s is-tn tes- x-ray 

eIeteaieis s~lselltj.,e, -. 1 

Icicle 11emcc 111t:11 fuc-ossic -eel- :111e's.11 '. M-x-rc,ss. thisa. aiiclw:i~init 41f eeitrigi-te 

ri~eels' sec e.4t itec Rdci tc IN- tesceec1dil 1,e (, greieci gces. sic:eyv liees IMM-cee 4lk.4-role illte alc :etc-flit' ' 

-Insd thiece 

CON F1IDENTI AL

tiom~ 11.2.4 inihWatiA thatit:,lwijn (F~ . ~tk ~ K~I~~ ) CIIEIICALLY 

11". usltrniikl priadwt m',a~tissi, friua 11W intecritirlio ILLS ~ewjo 

4$f tlw I,31wtdf Wictm ~atue the P'ti'eI at lItwet tewnicritqtuneft 

than am, atraiemme at she. Inists, imisisage Jeiwng T -si,.letau. #of the white layrn W* Owe monl 

fileltt. nit,', whitep reietietite in feinitee son fhelip smn' flhi.I.khuilix lrdt~lltt5 mo~~3't 4l in .lkit;'m 12.M±. 

___________________Etchinug 

%ith leiishjeeg ulkaline 4mursun iiiectate, hemever. 

4powiweel a voialit tr~tt~ii (if retetmtitite in theS 

ewatef white' Liver." 1 ' In Opi('rr 12 is. ehewa thu' SP. 

~ twatsiltnef to(Ihii'i 'itet( layre sifter ct4uflKg. The hirb 

-7:6 

* a..XP? 

Viltas t(i . Atenuk MW~f ttik a~ti~-e poon t~av sits"*- 

kloarkeniaK tomfithe eetirfarei priftisin. TTJ* I&efraenng 

;A*I W4 

IWtT 1 eeme~en h d teew.Keeee~t 

L 

which cictrtel we-lhlow mtooe it"eqef. A-ir a. m.hilete.~ 

1Is, 

Isrm C(ONet M6fituent Ism Surfiacei~lf soaine 1e,61 ,mmlienn .- he naact4,ia 

iseue~ X-tu Af 440.) N~erc Dt-~tCt Report 

e.,eseriitp* raw.i Vlayiueit-niehy lanl hing wlaith. fumiift 

Th wtrwht Lyr wihwe'ehs'ine in aboo t.D wihm iml J~ Feit %thain muroo flnafthis haslg 

Sor~thum 12.1.2. xapeells ore'emilY andm in wAinwi e-.a it ije I:L in S* Iteinelor N.o. A-440) 

P4411 hzeel fit I w erie io itc r oil ifv eIn I- i. la te er nithe'Iacr ser - ece i 'ielltiti eeiititIeceynsel.a C 

X-ray, which inc hi~to(msso is tIue le 4 oi cmeeeii-airn nn au 3in.'e derihecel in ia'ctieeet It. I I 4w th,'eettirajee a-ndthiat tojuee 

teelinmer Ice! Item filerfreepeer of reiietitioe. e a useetellv i-met- ir~itesa thee white Heer feon-miteto thee eehriteeK steel 

-~ite. indtC(ret a:s ep-celrsn ii tt erid ei cht. e th leý-ll ee. 11"Mi54' wzits ner ai-titikn. 4hea ithip eitir jetaKlw he oridee, Kis 

f~iee eV.eidiet ite* zeecel that ~e ftmee-m 111114111b ei'peee.efie e'euilthe'el st eel)(1 In hettd leelt 11. 1.1. Us ite-.'e'le se N, rifiee' to~'r. 

tilt nie'h'el aNoI. bors hee-ecees I leetpil ci re- eec mit lu s I lls -ty t h te the witelah~ laerti'flrh Lev tilt- thner teemultered 

h'e'A ..j ti yefft er withe e''eweitirwe' halle IM41 6.111"demeo in il t-4' we-redehcclY e'e'e-1ml. the teenue'r ececire' sis than the 

thee eh''menie -e'illieeo. let ter. iflile the' %iite laeye'rs iwen' t et littIIcleattackedf. 

CO)N F1DNTI %L. 

*

tatrte'r %hilete Ltvi., It,"iic the d W I.alets e0f. ivtiwlet g1te. 

,Ieerl~c 14y ela-f4c'e.1 Ie.e erelo'I ere Kirfveehai 

.efremt..I fr..e,. leow -4M X4 j fr-i fI Ie* .c.' ee'fsmv-." 

IeeIlese'e 4'atee (A.-M ('eAte.I frosts 

Peeeje , 41e1A Icwu tIwII 1IW hualk e4efll reterial Ma .r- VVe !17.It 06.T 1. 

OmeeeeCin thee ulege eee " W-40t wc'. ctv white. Livefinsist 4't tIM11 13J144L 

alio.1 the liee'g tle tiil iiiael r~t'ial hadee leee'di,.eelvnel In ' MI 074 CAI 0.2 

. %6 le .17 3M 0. 

fiv eueletY ii'f t la'lu:ke ee. e.Ieeen in Fillint T Ii ±2. 

13. RY a ee-finrevroewt -of Ohio tee.-hnilgtea. it wee ait eIt lee. 4* &.26 % 

1w the. twlm sew~riliee tin S'it"eeeea MI.I. 1111 n0t0 . nm 

4. 41.17 Bi OA 

f(ast. thee' 4e1-111tilitf Into$c i1 Is'eeenuve 4ierfacrý- wass Off 

fitslhy eririmw iee ipn %e%~ ithe reieel-t teeoale, whieg rlpueet jiti. 

.'mt.'thas wassi1 thsee ou41. Um 

ra~tee. 1ven il. Triu .v 3. 

tit;L- lee'eirn (niece tile 

T% I" '3. Itat iee .4 MMfl.. e.g ei e.dcce4.leieefetge 

A.1e .e. t3 . eeteeereet ree.er nee m e'gcew c 

(Ee.-d ! 3-ia. ea 

t., s-eeete "Iesseee. 13-ge. stiel Ieeee Nt !e. I11410 t 3', ine. Gun. .4M Ceqw~l a. 

In lreeee .4 elee Iee-eeeieeeee ci.. e'eeeruee .' \*e.w. ree4 ees.1 --- GW 

&.dMXe.l iTt...' isicer hap. spcequafre sim rigete 17 in (1F 

N I)4( Ieicel N-. %-440.) reR n3a m A 

33. V. 0.00" G.flM 

381 Studv of Cernentite'Rkic Cine'eentite. eel reuerrec. hadce Isen ititnitifiv~il un the 

Siutf8C Laylfl heeeemierfacks, eeC t jie.cen (.Setikin 12.2.1) andi al,-u in 

An~e i'tme'nove' ePiglmi wis ruerrie'e i eeet owne fInk... ci-ý Ilweeeer vwhitc layer thait Iteel he.-c rtnmeiveel median.metutrel 

freecee a 3-in. Kin c Ijct'hat lere na.s ty'pica el opensn iettily (ie'vtiun 12.4.2). .lwcLte.'citc ecr n pt-ilon iron 

Said mule e~rtl'Ieesetieceier.- A' ntieee rateld thic'k ruitriel IFe.N,l lued ithi'e hxeeit 4eIt~ett' in the raerec 

dIe'p~eeit eel fleewee 4e cette-? wlecte laetr' ceeete'rinl Ihadei shife' Lie~r (Sec'citin 12.4.2). 11icc weee'cite wit.. prob.. 

eýprexiri eel emet onlthe fIeeeirre c-ifarr. illee ith n-nn a itt enl ee'icr aelsl a en cet titeii'nt eeli the' inter,,tiltiul nuciterial that 

Ilike' orignt~ ofC nt'ueejg' ille". e'eeeelip' leec, 110it re Je n leiel ietN'I eli:..1.il eke e 161 feeirgIlee'..e~r~~teel It i neot 

in regecre' S. X-rne unite Yieseeeeef lie. flek(-, rrcrncle'el dcial-i.erlcneieecl that: tic ele pihiee mmp nitride in n. w~ ot (wnd 

lice. ml. eceinarit ('ereeitjt eent wt.' e'e-iiene'lite' CFe.C t. lie in the' teeetrrial:hult ccare remoee.-'il fcrctu !he e4irfare' 

atlelititen -hereeuegecito eurl ej he ((*r-(e)an flipe Ie inea V% nil I. esI emar lmptelc-iiiitelie eieideere. Vx.pc: jeecents Awwrlll 

p ~in ee.' eefw i ina eree it ride' (lFP,N I ucere- foteene ie lee t he itia th6%i-i itriele' 6- 1"' mci' i~~rto n nttlcrk iby ONee 

reecateriaeI (naeelice itee .111 11 eL. a iei-er ceeceereet idl Icer slewitiee thait theviiiiineeeeeezeslrce' pltie. .iV!. very or 

Litter icle11iet1finsiee like 1jeet.. e'ei':l:ile-' ~ e-tecitteqi file eteioneqnitration eeC tie' faetter ae that it 

tite(Llr-1f~k'--lee,., eet lice-e-.vre-el. v ~ li, eeeitie A-1.eeel. i deajt-letifilel Icy it-riet' eiif'hraeeeiee. l1ice imacct 

aiteec-'iv'.ef tile, reeateriael dieeeeie:tIlY M-11e11%te41 fe-eeie tle' s.eat.nit ifee leereieee init rtiele'e ice twitier ecc tit'r eleee'I~yr' 6e 

eeece'ý tleee hat lc it ice,. e'-4.ee-tilav irecee cuerivieee cc neet Liweecce 

trill reli-wisr~ecte'e Io tile teereeceel-t Fet-,() ee-eecellt. '11 icehereeeeieeeee -:11i~leie tleit crac geheclifirel ilk tire' 

gjviiee for eeeecte'. lice mieeeiv4 eef - rtci -etikree~v j -ee- eeetel-riaeI (reedi the' licee -eerfzee-e'- wl%- ceilt 410te-tril I).% 

tr:1e-'lee -lnrel~ yel ih cs 1:ef oef 1ri ' '-eeetie ee' deee ini-t- 

41feeiiuie fief letpieeg oirtafe-e. aende. like the 

feecee tile' -ttV'I 3lie'131Yeii4- en' c-t ise 'rude' 2. lit -- i'ceeeea Icinle' ir I. etlciehe'. %%a., eceecel bey vijete. eef it, 

(1)M IDIENTh.1l.

CiAMSTS1n vrTA 4w IV MVO.K LOOIL IE1b 

Zo. I,,Vh4iK 

Isieeots eciterl don-e teeOn 4iw ielleeiesr sscei polli- i1.31rý nitio-el.Ito lee ti is(~ the flime* jen'ft so( tet. losoNIlh Id 

hemnleix I Iý41 6~e still~ uicI insre* fle Citne%35 

U41it% c44steueeilsil 'A hiul je. a1 possif s-jrfbidAintiter. Untolps 

twain tm etees~ .4weecssnun epaveceei its An mp i 

ismsm n-evaitv 111.1tc ireen tradvslot. 77~iie rs~rsivloitorte"p.u 

1"11 lti fisretmetc e.4 tici~' :if it was 114 lc'fit lsion very thint 

libt. Whe~n- I lo.I., L.t~r w~sIliciell v jntilivat erp fipe Put- 

wv. 01w. 1w".. 46-plavciti stff 11w buhwc. mlamo.whimil 

with, pto "1. IpwflqWteeg the. loss. olenfacre nto 4stwn in 

11lee 11441% n.i-e 6#114 uc .1 aS4 tmatmuzzle epail sefit a 5-in.. I'ilgior 17 eel C aleigter 0-it).Aelefling teetttl~tgtiti 

awl. X.1msV evdetiiei. life th-k poertions 431 lit- white 

- 

wa.- moet verv fliffemitte 131cm,, the white layette in 

IW ., r -6 

1,5. 

~. sllst 

se -It-~ A ., 

Ycrgis .. lj~ he ~e lihbc eI.. 

I mL ereseereetcefee.. scs.- e. 

~~~laive 

lith Ilinis . 16 we".' -tsulivll. Vicl 101eeem wle'ttee 31cr. 

Z Iim.i(5 tI W tootfI*I whiss,6yv iaml. lccs4he Ilkuh-like Icemvi. 

.- inner whleee bere. %h"ci dar~e.t~ .. k %jil the.. .A - a lsife* Il, cer; 14- 14vcc; V- ticetecingtlair Ioltcdeeiee; 

t 

rathcer .4tecc .er4e; II11-. e lles'cet a leceee . j(,esse. 

-vimd 7 16-e nen sinie tecir, MWl Nis. 14Z% &t ths, leee. 

ti-sm edilo othe.eeth .d If-. eunfidw~p m.u. vI.4.sl Wilh, 

Ieeesu (I ll ifiviNOe.I iij. 5~ceec kais. simappnet so 

Films, 13.1 in NMICU Iteisein X.. 1a440.o 

W) JNWLk4- f(eece"e byr 11M. fItuilceg #0( on ierwhaieeec *I the 

tees urcfamc., Cn-.~ ewetiecl d~ Mosirnec mine tut' AdIA1 

X.e. 1425 so 14e Its. frieseI isic.egin ed nolling. Ei~del' 

with. lelesuI tEVmmXl.I t1ii.j fgirn- hce. mplugsecenme so 

Figeser 21e it" NIIIC 114-e~lor Sie. A-440.1 

feelleitc-sei gttt W in AIte'r tle plate. watx e.evst.K thrl tifi44eloe %-#-Iy -laffneetlieese14. it' ltler portieesl 0i the 

e-fill intiact e'%rejlt t- tile i drg vi.en hgc 441p-%. ifl tilee trotelr while layser scmtvsint4i fll(.ttrelles. Thceeef 

bleiqch.e '1nip ge.r'.eweee set Ilii.' es.104el4' -wag rev~ive~el leceis are ,ieeete int Iigumt 14. Niekel crbt idec (NiaJh 

ley X-ciy csnaly-ieAd elitie ettiek suteiatttl aec'Eeutc'ip waitt.icitet alelpicti I lice eclrfce ill etc lelt? is to, criltlftites. 

IT thes ttejittiojtige tel Virdtc'jeeite p pi 

SeW06tie 11.4.4. 

elecerelisee in, 11te thitn whsite* layer. ligitti I.'i. iet lthe 4'iltumth. ripplte 

1 a".se . eltitetil 1ifeetiviito graty hlltt tit; %veli-Ilcfinc'd 

(ettletil ite hea, hsceen feectrel Ie lto firleei etete a ce? tests.u (-in l ntierl esn waA Pt autterelt. Itn (116i rstll ect t releeiiittite 

el itete elf ,eedtece hoever flaeki- frc-cse eelleer gotriits fltie waxt delve'te tit'i31 Ilice beteti ItifaveP. bil ed it-k4 tcarbidsml 

loadt iw,',t finl %%it Is ,.eiejs 1 uwevlem,9 wa.s feetieio iesee teegethicr wi-thl aniitirtlls. 

liii.. theii \%eimpt' l(.er p1:1,.q -iiitiis-f-il eni tile ixetr 

A 

est.t cit oi u.,tettike.Hitdm Surface' Laute 

K6ces ilsc fill". thae~t AaA :c leclid' pts 

leeils. X-s-.y neil ceiteievit- anats6iIvi .ee-eeimm teat lthe 

'trfate Lot% er tiakveee eeeilneatecel aiteteI rzirleidei. aitlttttti 

fecitelll te, ie:11-ea :e if~eresm tyvoo. 3.1.ctur i:c'.t-t Ow 1i11 ie. 

4,1c1. 41ie4enlm~h aciceve'. 'late. -leti elf 6 I'citees e(etctcaei'ci 

ile'. :11)1)31.ximjlo-i i 30c? ; 1 e etitceetmi. tt. a3 ttitehi steettl. 

fr jsereecet.cgt' eel ititacgit,11. '1114tie %%:IS 114011,04V -41etne 

CONFIDEINTIA~L 

(ft.

wilonl poll .g 

inm clli.h'm. .t"411 loat :rn.i'ailiv ltew e;ipttuiel .irlisn odt file IgvoeI;po. Alf last lthe :.1rll 

ik ffth nilnt, T0 %ei:.. o t ,i,niiinl in fill-. tan~tonht . fares if I lt-IIferIita tni.* hap tIsen ephotA n tit differ foago 

1114 rhlwt al gria: ' vA l. , 141 tha fli nik- '..K nunti'nlerIq-Iinvi trluN nitin,1 iia 

Isil Jill neit roonfiftltrl Ohe Iwilk -f Ohe foaeturi:,l ise 110il..tel lii l-lit-v't4l. losowe'wpv. that at the rery 

floios -~ - .64 *h. iuaw eauiftlo Wa.ip aj ,.ave m ther alt..iev lavre L6a. 411t41ie-A pliaflclent ratroomif 

the wi~hte I-,* ii'. t tin, etho pt"'. In thip 7e-uj.jm o loow #W nitrp.., ow hoeth too fi~rpfv 1wrtinIT) awl to 

win the eurf~arp LiV4T -as eo I 'll agei~lv e~rior-hecil in W~aain atiotellite ton op wicischn 11,.,.. the filr4 wtep in 

nurke.I. hutr the rutie. so( nice4el tot ituet walln .11. mnwici ltle riu,.iral alteration if trlgeteee,.erfare 6. forulaallyS 

peuel' fAir tilw.esLe laver than fiat the. e.1tP]. thlifionsnaties,.,f% .#rdartvlzkc-fwhicha hao theettumrri., 

uIwipiM'tt ismtiinitc pointstl lfr oseaw 44 the' trim.i trnj~liro off ii. inner. %%ilte lavr when aceaenehorl. 

Urlpin thlo 7k1-nioet %ingu ttilirfr aeimemie.,cm., hr the. ttnlil atitome swWrkorI. . ife'rn l.n arutae ell at III 

inethosif lile"eew, in 4kyqe &'4.3 Th9wipRm. lonebuA 6w&m rnw~p ame stilo thia liytt,. wlaivi 6i paertiafl 

that Iiiitif.arte.... 4f lis.t-e, '.aaorfnar' took dpsea in thiol liolneifievi in otae'r ehirnn. e'nleP4,jont firing. With in- 

Itt)... MIMtI tteietefeo. t14 ie. t lewo ,~r"Il,. at tioer iweire ,iir vieeaesng rhoniceai tupia tylrt of the ininxediate otor. 

fare alearing tiring lasI,. have lwaato missive the- incip- fare onietrijal. the ineciitin tetitmenit tre is, .lecreaordS 

ient ftu4.n t4.nihtN'ratiarro ime floe imuhwooto. For~ this lto lte point 'a-ieere tlea m~aterial run Me'w. Material 

may~stl tl,',* ntutiong loctiott el,*teneiieiatis.to. am off that ioso.4 a llifr-rwent rlchenideal nr~e~ tim han the 

intrin 1.t.' tisniteirl Irel Intol.beeni e .rrveil tin naianv ttrimeslc 

Thei s egatevall ,.udam 6 hvp f ", lab. eua toa nx-wh Isimn ouirfarro. 71i6 fleonno lwitt ix kniiA n &%'lithe usiref 

at I 130C. This lteangeelattirenrn"i I-owrnrwhnt 1 ;.1* ph~ jh I e e. 

than the r tnteal istrlpieiat ineilting piwent ftf ia.eq white 1The eirfar,. off guano havinK ,'aaeh a laver shoW tealayer 

flow oieinr arneusnit. tof maeetriaul lunar have lacenv tuara'. aiaaraeqeri,'tie if( hltiejifa.tient. a,' ilepwriheel andS 

.liswiivrl in ...g"n=6lia tioe Invert. A.P.uithci exiledi. illeaeetrateeii d e 10i.3.2. NI.afl#;eKrpI.r exarninwent 

woo iarrinie ouit QiIiit a' Most 41j4..~ejct it, tl~A~. aloum efi iens~' .rrt1illn MIMI.' xive'' ev idelnce efi litpiefde. 

iffit. Spollee luaey sarfarr tnwatevreul Was ft5'tflt tieq* hem 1"e t ' lifo bmuuatl tlg oruntaarero. as if fonned 

neurhanirelly leon fill- areae whiuih hada a thick whlite I% itiny erriost.c-tr flows. These irn~rvirtn,e have ieve nsi). 

layeri. '171i liigutlt too iewIt eat 11i25 V* thuo. itulicating ,.erv~eo low tenth i.01 ... .4 -filer white laver. The nowt 

that 1`141m is( etitle reetlilan liviento r-s eelol t~iar p)Lace tlint evenf4~isa rs..rmiiedly id"If enentite telade.. that topat 

11 teI~i tatorr at lr,jil :1401 4legni-. Ilener tIlLil that irtretitY have arvstallizai salit ')( a mnelt I'lawsu like aS 

4et jonu sl'im. niaash. whereas the- rur, ernaoflingly sortiwturrele.w fine0 

with.,411 rernetatite iiehetes npillanilly flow., mtore cal.ily. 

1"hux all list- aervinoebtriz~ eviidence indivate, that 

" SUN %I It LR) OF BA I ENd: OF TItERNl %L theeeeete-rwhite lavrcrhistor love"aacnfieaI and hbut flowed 

AND CiIMMIICAL %LTVH% Tt .N into lelre. It.. ltaetouenmtlere lf lilinefitetioen for one gin 

Into' im-en fecantol lte lse alumeut 1125 C. 

Crnrenlizuti.nns riptiernf~ing lthe- aese..r a faee~tinnaint 1tlel crtwnaital eeaicieens have taken iclare beetwceena 

so4 the attered -4arfare hnu er, is. ervitel wi,i I mere. c-ate thl.e ' ,mr.tirftur ietee ti( lee italer gza-ee. is, Imreerl ont by7 

lip. drawun fItn itete wta~tiris( e Itie enreien Ienwlacto xv-av titnalies nia~ti it(fitle twin. ..arfacr'auel ofl matterial 

adr..rit...ei in t iw pn'ceelieeg -4evt iaen. .4( thý, 1.6 te ar. fe cald nalct rieloiwo ins the t-teipw'ring. Feirthler evidence 

The rnnsei oel gain erre-ilin. %ihirl arr ,Iim-tw1,'M.l in frth.'neain 1.I.a fawlayUlkI etuid 

(lwpter 13. anaeat ake 'tale, aeruamint a inuaeheniomn .1t etdia- o-filt mi'tee r uh iita' laters. The eliffeienee in 

Sthirlh io in :acrenl uitl fill tliaelpwcrvrei l rhaneoeto that terietnical re,iiijweit itin tee'tuwernti flie tatter %%)ite layer 

laeke plave in lite leuen' *citfaee elda raen etihirin fitehill. acial the ceiaaertIvilu tot i-v 60l% eei'Is(.111 theileeletl Clifher 

aeaaaeetll v ci-it-icte ii otw% that thermcal. clivie. i,!rrhatiiemn,, ac~ec: thic,,it th et, t ir ale tof tlti.-% layer is 

ie-el. aial nieitelaical~ f.t,ter. h~avra:ll ila~yl :% nio.h. in ]list fill% ioaeee,~ tIngeleeeee 4Y feeeuperilic; aI-aa litirtial 

litfe :alta'riltlee e4( lil'ts.- lp .eatrfare'. *l11m. fir..t two. eef 1iee'ttingit(ee the. ineateri~aI , 'ietniiie~rititere nintct, toiter 

ticce'are' nnItutY imxoteewetnet if, Is"Alfile file te 1Yjiv,, el 01aeu thait eef gull .ttl :i- iaauntieeuneii Alssw intdicte..r 

iewecthat arse feeteatel. 'lee theirdl 6 itato1te. ,'ffefwti e' tthat thr- eclit'I elf 4ee eenece-i:i tei tile. ýaiafaii ha.1 lucyin 

n-nitiving t~he-n. v-re tth'faee raenge. ltIn l. t%,-4- e.-.u f tuntv fared with 

Tule twliev -ecrfea.ef -:k Kim 6 ineell.cet.4-ens toe ereata-r set-le,4 atile Iiitietrietioe of ca:rlwjn ;Intl 

eleptet 1iY the, liveai el-veliheotx- ill firiseg ti~tej 111 i.ý I1Y the' ni e~it lta1, lw-vita er..ia x- eiiii-e'. at length in 

CON FlflEN-rI.L

S4t ismti Or i lorI'~lt %4. V%1. culil iuu:I L.T. %,Tlto% 

tlon pito- 13;,anI I It, OTwgiiiq-I lIg' awth *.I' a.i %A Iift Oss lIIP imlq w~ithI olosidoI-Irt-4- Is"moloo rin4I krv, 

ILaver ,.,iunni~rI mt I on . s., fart I W11116:1 i I stalkm mile %jiathile, m~ 6:a-- that,4II an-I~ ax nIifil' 1,asuriabM4 v lito 

A& bWrv iL.ft 4-jrl p.4'3..,mmv~ti%1 vp it h 14.t :aliftinsItt iso % :in:,llais., ofi, t 114 w0-rtw .irfp,,e. ji.Isitand 'Pti 

m~hni- tat s' t.I tlitha t li ett u. idA IL-h, -;feill-e ans itiisliIhmtt pHimbirE 9. h't'is iVS4Ilitows doI lake 

ally 6 , 1i-4 il,.hpl ui,. sIpi.w:, 111.11111101% 44 '*41cr'g-- 11IhCie- liNt 'wp-it iii,. In r4e ,.url,ve ail On iptt* - fr~ima, 

6t" :rfwq Orr '&-ntp1s.i.I 6:411 411ga.rtitalfmt ilmu-t it ismtf 1 the, wii11 Isto:tl fiEli"1 ns-~irivsa iwe4'Illa I h'we mn. 

CONFIDENTIAl.

TEC.AUSiiS OF GUN ERtOSION 

f% C~ t. 110mA' -mnd J. Y'. 1lJ.a.rmWv 

ILI I NTRODLCTIE N£XhIliia;I. a- fl ntaatiit'tya Watrtw 

ILI Fajwntnrineal *AIppmael, Arm-nal amn araulail gIvn tta...'.o adifrr r,'41.a.20 

Va4OU~ar~m~immg iarraa,.-.1 aine~~an, aw 11,.'taaiiaythe aanew 7 n.6-aiIo aItion, IWnot 

U ~1 * early a. fifty oa'na.. art.' Sit4vg thaow it itsnah tv-. 2 s o f tilaiw .le6.agnziti a. "PotagemWAvol 

arrivni at aiiffern-iat aoicoAbris. Tie. Lirk as agni.mornta 

natay hr uttrl..iraam tot sivedrtm'rpln'mm. lte. naop4 

,inklotant 4 uhit-h i. ilta. faci that num'q as( ow eruly 

roootrilimptaagit.,lthima, tilidr triaNl tit a-iag' -omit flrlwbnu. 

inaut ""hnelmim..n tof a'nftion at"l too IaN-a' theiar llwamier. 

ut Jim evolosilon illiimnit .alcoma.. 

Iuitnt. amg nil.'... line".. venut 14ivii, IMW rtiaki and 

lilawk.. o4 lti4a aal .tillwr matotrist.. dcwaniie4 in 

tliaag.ia'r 11. I I. 131. anda It;. have yit+61 a gret teal 

64 jnfi-rwaiialial thit .-in lie fitteal l.griher to give a 

a'Ier atiwi .. iu.6r.t pir*, :n .he eirr~e !lljttu 4% 

an 

Guan Cenaapta to a ortinjliratril lfN.Poi vthiAa isva~r'ith 

a naumlwr a)! utrv( ia tasra.. let Is l sa 

thleir intenivierpnalmr. wIhit-1 will Ioe on~ma.q'l in thin otfCti 

ehapter. tliffen-nt ame'. to( tIK'.. f(arlio %*, v.. liaml't. It hap, JMKa(nl ,d gn-att valuie tat groaup the mnanyv 

inat'erven in the mnme gun at .'artuin gas...ivuaan, it% the fiart';ia. oaxmIlvin~in erp.a4mi tinaer three, cents l head. 

lumar. Since the f-arl v iflve-tigcitowo ..iaalir. c vel incon.: theieauua. cely i-nial. anol naiii-hanical fictors. 

type* 48 gm i. w all with aliffermtew firing hWaahi'nauit its Umamear. it io tiat tait .aia thaathegrolawan 

uto vaasrpi.ing that t6e ,lawninant itmov-ham..m.. psjo..a- fartn" art ivvklajmewkmntlr. Rather. ii appear, th1ns 

IstelqI4 allot146 alwaysaww~i. 5118 relh~aa its raiiM'l Isr vlthe ,-itiiultaneqiaauia intteraction 

Suwnof the 4iaagrernientaunoamig threarly thc~u,.w.. a,! th"rnmal. vileutical amid IIIg-ha.2flj influenoa.. 

want amndmeauhcbled tilen lomth tot the, lev-aninhalloro cm. 11sornutll &aamrttn wih clinicaboumtby the trianxfer 

Plabyed. M~n as( which sam nootviicanotd in . 4 "6,an 4 laheat Inmi the hwool p)utner ga.... to the Imp" walls.S 

12.1.1. andl to the fact titat in matna'j ra~ew amly lmne are faiqanal ti, vintnlamtrbe tim rnui.qn in threeimpurtat 

line of "'p~rtnmntatiiai was vrurieml anmot. A varim (a( w6 ayl. Firt. the heaiti,, raitywo. wnitenitig ul! the hane 

niethauba ..haailtd In u,.4%I tip .11Vir a jmobrmaillis nani- wthic "takes; it ninaire .aincel~tihle to the action of 

pheicate a.. gun (u4n;forthennoorr. a.. iatny iot ntirhani-Al tag-tam.. Snmind, the heasting esafte. the 

tbeple on gynniknl Aa@41aaa Ic rr.,isootc'l tot in the 'a,.e 46 taunatiiam ai the lIss' .uarface all a layer of audienite. 

anor poortirtiar gun. I only afte'r a noimI..., am! gun.. have whic-ha.plwarar tit lhave raicimerrbly "e re'."intance to 

lIsen illmudir. ..ynla antirallr1. is. it me.mloo le4 tia aalataina. chaiaairtal attack lItv the. patouae,' game.. thanoather ateelS 

klaigIa' explantatiom of Iv'an a'mwisvs. 1u1aa1a-aifi mau... Thlird. :l1e heating eanmo-ars a liquirfac.ý 

Siach Attuaifiaaroa44 l.al"I gpaniu Itr lDivi-iia I mnmtras. ti-man iu tha' laaars' .arfuve af ('eel it-elf, -Ahen powders 

terna hare lmvn oakwrilmedl in (lataloiar" 11) anaol 12. to hilth It-ie taivii wcrat tire are fimrl. or of low-melting 

Other pertinent infaarniliaan haca Insa-t m-rii M frown nurture,- a*! mrr.tioiea )9.iatic,, rm when powders u.' ka.' 

flame tenillu(rtatmlre are fiared. 

* 

twa.~ ~ ~ .~.(...-. ~ ~ ~ 'av~,Vit~'e ~~ ~~~~~~" 

i~nat.kn. 

5 wliatit'r~altiaaa.,a a4 the I..- ia'raafuce anal coincitittiant. 

tia'~~~~~~rte~~~~mnq'o ln, nita4v d1 floo po'mtrr w dt. er pi-v".. tire onaI~rvullcl as to nlaturec and 

avhtrv-: 1 I -jran..'.t -4 -S-: N'inw. -na u. A1.g1wm rate Ilei' lthe triaaia-rattun' ailt~aiaiigago. it its fouind that 

MYý ltsivuM Vpvrm. the- iuixlta-t riy!ge ta( tcvxtiiI aarnerv faurparu xja'ation. 

.11. .. tjf.4 "I thi. A'.1.4at p..~ *n vihoh _1.javp.a with the. fairiniati,,a, af Vv(), mhljc stluanwhmat lamwer 

,a-..iv' have lv... awc'i. m.1 athi- .. '. a.t...I a.. ,. t ;).i14,,tuvrr' v:iUirktriaznation,. %%itli 

hi.a~ww.,J,'.aa -. v~4 

the filawniation 

sn~n I.;n,atn. i..* a*. ad.. a' 

-w~k 1"'..a Wo iPel.aaaaai..Aw o -4 t.- -~.h -. L ~ sol'.. a Fi.C. Carl iv. ni :m Iai t ragett arr Inot h (teionvi to pene. 

in ilsomw n t-. itt'a'tam~ ~a-',a traite thet isativr :,kill -a. thm. aaatweiiiie Layer, vkhich its 

260 CON FIDENTIAL.

f ~ ~~~~Nlvshhalnscal 

is~rtI s~hspiwl tss's'lv.(s'.tintiv~l mariissss. ansi. 111tirls osf *he. floater pw...lstr mak-tion,- sArteiffir #mum 

41114t3Wt ilit i s( thi. layer1114 n.r nilg in Avit fesrlisatiiis at atu% :s. Isloent * a.- %%(,ll ass tile rate at Which they Irmo. 

s:f vollifiplv% *'A lits laver" lilSth luive Io qiif'f4v. 'rssli 11411"tsails Olson theIs tealltsrattiriesihstainifol a~t the 

factosr". %iritm~ iuistve like itan-0-ilig o~f 101.n iPsrfal'e :it that Ii~t4ft g~ue 

the& lain' 111171`44' 1v flth-* lmrss,.uss s.f tile tpraqw-1s'llst It 6fis.l,,m evidelnt that all' a.tsua te. i tii ki4lorg 

a srol the~ Prisaijeet~illv. 4 the autumi m.ej. . hsfsnun~ 

,''lii a tI litillfivil uIatt-ialr., nu thle Ismra. $nrisli to fiall h.wi- gl'tiai .ry wraltirse ellan;Mia .rqw,,.ssre1 for 

;8114'S .411isir ,Kas-t oll li 1v tile saties ame fsiunlll too Ile' ion. tile hIss.. wall. fitothe u orlus theWtia factfora "11 

htsuttmuit Ntsi&tmts oernnglic fly Im leakage wipAsnutws lie qumarstitsitivisly itttdeistoim.I 

insuhsurtanvein I wusiffi rase,'. Ahuraupiin 31141 Pwapint Ivy 

that, pmijertilfs umn fl~taind toa risuitrilmtle astorleritihib tspit I 11rý -As ~'Sote.~nif off tile 11twe, 

firoks ba iaw lI~ia t it talsoval life 6&10 Viforipenres 

x~iftening. It lo. W.44 ktsow ýu'%t tile harslne".. ist Kna isteffi 

Crac~king to( tile little is, -l.1.4 a fasisw 211 casusu~g gut spinitits ruIHIi if Vito trialtIerat tire its stabeiii tmltt UIooite 

essu...: anti the *title factorso that clmasus ein~iutun roll- 101t C autil that vionlisrrinitl v tile Ptrroagih de~irmspes 

tribitte tit cracking. Since. it is, itupulltsrint Nll~t am. minl the ductilihty i'iuma.zse. If tiese re siiplioli to 

micaus anti effert. it i6 tratril in a Psepurate mri-ltoun. the AMee athen it its btOio mii.ftrnol roppinlitigin. it 6s 

%hwhs it. saspsmrent ilarokefornrle tsi. uuo very ttnusncrnsus .mlovimsmu lthat roooin slsrbly different horhaviuur isa to lor 

mian intincate int~ier'tatioitis :antisngthe ifi- i weuusis a)( rIpSaertes thati if they were ulispsaesl its roilklasteel. It is 

theraval. chesijeaL. anti nwvrhsansril 4wormk aos e-' irns.ortmant to @ of 6ker, tie. 's luil kindso oof vatresko the 

s~nties4. mine mif a gtina rxlkvicnctli- % hepn it.itrt'ave 6s I hertiitIl 

Th'le tennl * hox-li has. been applivil tip tile cheniical .mktenem. Ta~ti extreusae e-Aes run Ix.- picitiures which' 

up well all tip the thertmal *filsl asaeochaivaj:l factsins tea hunacrkst thle trite hshuiisn ivitiro nv gun: siagle-sthklt 

enphfiasoiw tile hbniefne,'i to( tile interval is( lttle in guinpis in shaiel rividino iA Osll-arantially et~implCte lbewhichasl! 

thrus"M these farltos utunauyt act 11aiterthie likirav asamnalo, andl rapid-fire gitsio ia which the whole 

&um' '.urfacir in aluselp a m.emal that it tosay Is.- reistily blacrk- wanA maiy the alwillu the' waaklosaill temiperatuire 

rymmwtesl or distlorted. duinng prokng'stesI lti~rAt%. 'ft.e firsat few shots. fired in 

TIIFRNIA FACTORSharrel 

Thl~R~AL 'I'flSthickuieov 

GenralSttem nt 

rapisi o4toceppio~n front tin initially eulel mtachinke Coon 

reoresenit an intermnediate ca-se: here the whole 

of tile barrel hu,.4 not yet hectinie hot. Ixat 

er thle virilin sif rifing uvery thin Liver of stteel beý- 

Under tl e heading of thermal (artimnus air umini.'sl 

all ulf the lifeet% dirifrtli' a.~~iatetJ with eithcr, the 

attaining of elevated t. mix-raturme lvvels witlhin the 

jpllltllK3t 11P I~.'Aj r elr nainAs P4i lin1t bpetween 

rouind.- thai it 6i soft, anud varinisAuy transifaornted on 

rooling. 

bumt wall: or the changintg o~f thus.levl dhitriisgus 

firng of a gun. Evidaiatly. thte'.- efrect esntnfillorte 

SISGLSHT 

%GE HOC.X 

directly to giun crossion only ini.sjfar ask 11mev irte.astc It 6. not sliffitrsiht to imtagiule tike haitilsy of a Aingle 

liptssfactlssn of miaterial at tile Itare ssar'are. Never- romins friui asssssss aizny~i firvit in a single-shOt gumn. 

thele'ss thernial factorq plus. a utiost inipmslnmat role in At the nissismslt of! finisig thle bosllet hueitink;f atspove 

tirtwion when they art i6 coincert wilth chsesaieul tanui doswn the lssns' Irteuug oiver a saitrface heuning the 

fnierlsnimcul rfaetomr. landmiu. t hey mnay ie wissis to act hsnslessa iv aer r.hlis ist s~-li,~vÎc in, Section 13.2-3. 

a, iivarali regsslatorst of the cni.ive prfi)('5'ss. ThiA hurst iayvr prblnttlsl rv~sssletati the strep-. 

Fsr eMhisple. tile pffract o~f itlessa-niea -lira] 's.-4. Ih'- "es M4.4,i1sisp yi tis lest rnnrai-j anik finclion osf the 

pe.:14-Ill-irn l ie flierhanical pro .avwt it's of th litte %%is'i all I 1101-:4 existit tha littt sisa vIscrisusse -mckcd Ix-%ass'e of 

-tit-tit wheni it expssrivfss's t hO, A1 rer's-4. hlsu t lie asih.3ithsuc sid its Isia uIh-tstlitV. ituCh 

pssr .'-pend in torin 'in flth, tisstolcra tusre diit ni- crack'ing ~ii~i'.4s in dhetail iii gcc sn 13l.5.3. 

Isptilula inl tilt. arnsh at t huat sis isepit Again. tilie effvst li cit ~:~'fi'lissy jipliseIsiat sly bes'hinid the lidalet 

o~f ilseusticul reaction oif thke Ibo re surface ispespviI., tin andli:at ut flt- hismIise-irfsiss' Itl'i.ln hossi Ct. 

fltu upuirei atkt. tule of! ns'actios..Itis p4en thlt. ls.,re tsr -' Otat :a :i'lativph*; thin.pio 'kist thle honeC SsarfZtte is 

nsaalerjisl sind the sipiiititosent,' (if tilie lisiti li r KAs. i-api'llY lii':1I i'l isp thIis- %s v tip tussipenitimne. far Is.. 

CONFIDE;NTIAL f

Tviff C%S t4vo OW 471-41 PNowi'"104 

vystolI tll-, .dvoiir',,I *rnqael.,,.n'. 11am-i irtt v :iwri~tod 0-- 11wrnal Tra"An limaon at thle 

gw.gi-..vry.,u , -f.te-miti,: i.. fin-ttio ... o .4( tlo till e 

aA oruslivstoolm. to anot pgos. so the' immolos4,m pool t a.s Ilovl)utn"mwt, lot treamaslrnB 

onlytism V0 for, Alon. ýtlgt,*,it ano1.1L gt r.I .IC1. sm. #t- jj ljI~Aq(ri"mi mlntlt trim 

w-flim in 211mqtit.4 1 1. II.anli 

: n stor ra114 i,.ly affret-tvil,.'lmli,4.tkiammu~l~.Ia et 

Cal gNroperfic a. Sion ttltim" 4-in rim not on *11 V11 Miss" thei P44t,.ilaKlanstfot- 

It nini In-s'44 IIL.ea ....nw mlile vt nut lea.k oat ltew ",I-*tll1. loot 3spawa tie t"iVraltemptootutt Id .46~.0 

Wialkie ans#4 M-mi the liwan. Fi, 6- tInutii the~qn . ,almott 731) C. Intim.l. it haW formt 0111nthat 111t ml he 

64roo mWi flows )awon -vl's, rano-or liriting *4 the fitemr. bsooo1w Parito to the 6-M' .'wIfauo a Wsove ill- ?how 

so4 riaSV'4'. i'm-nito :in inerr.'q'ui molsorrfis4iIl ,I,'fianis In- oiil'. .hinn the firnXi -01 a -69111! rumil. T1i'Ae lwtaionsio 

thelmoveC .urfaug'.' ni etWvncn lotap "lo-lj 'ii o PI l =''Mf iVery 4nosigi that theo 111it, *Ar 

1 

.i4o t~l' iiit lrp cit t i'.tsa r-amnsm4~ raiasesth v fatIfl lii' 4m~,itin t nothe~ h~han l "Wraae" 

o.lotiorntion. 

Finuull . ltemiln' lagni 1, IrsA.-. mt~ ..o. Oberon. floe' 

holoea frvn-(rmn.l tit tin' lWt r~''..rrttv.1. 

fia-ilit Ver' Vs pl;)li' i.,, 1' t 1114' "Ill I im-tt2I .4( filt' 6tai% a Hl. 

aanoI the 4unine"-..4 else l.ww It~rface ia tt.vt. 

Thiat mm+a- Itnn4..rniximalp ik i latually srtcez is 

;IlamorLntlY iI.'tiantniortt'l toy the eimtctnce u4 the 

tievmnllv alt'feml 1xv-pt whiriti Awfutil int Ill grn let4 

fill". si %ax Imwn" loe-o-rtimit in Serlisid 12-.1.2 It 

12' may li ' tt'ainitivCd nrain tlow that in the cohbeir .30 

eaaa'amin.posoling also (Seetium 11?.2-) thais 6zve iiW 

finte~e Joy the firing .f ome riamaL that it.. thik*ess 

TU.rit-Fins; Oaxts kvmlo,~b atmia.iv potrotI~ ssfo ioe pmotbt'ir milt11im th 

Is prinrittl.. 'hte effmrt.. amoompjoný-ing ra514ll, fir Xf~iom.. . firing. so ims eeaplomoo.41 ;ft *444ými 13.&4.S 

are thse motor4 no titiean oin .. ani-ing Pinalle 4wti rio 

.ethta~t the hN-at tmilmle' tip the latmir, .#r(:sce its c4fra'trid 

A.i (ritqueintIy. a. .k-rritammt in Stirtuum. 5.4.2 

ensI 5.5.1. dust the Aitv.). laarvt' Ila'%itim.si aeat. .o A- ' it 

linuiight ýxilto.noler -S-va Ki via" in S.orli m 13.4,2.& a L~e' 

4'tittemliIngtu rl.'-lu12lt ,IrthI4tw tlK Iwrlmore ia' 

(e mnv rem.ain in the mpt musstrifii -c-o..Itomi. 

thes .'.mulitimson. theIille Isi-is two its Intelm.-noinfnterastnlv 

a tver ,..4t .'rfav'. In, aululitisi. the 

IPA. poil-otoar11.1Y lil tiafLllY dli..te tl. ilm.' movtl 

tiube. 

:an.I ttnt it forntt. oeffsr? 'hi p"iAroti'C cifitinp. 

mhil-t Prmef(ient Ire.' mtelt ioth tIlhe Plo-lef ;;a. 

TIII"'' f(241 ArV'V tlbml'UEYta teLl't n5 

tiornul. nut Or-j'tnmal .vlgI 

.e blcoi-ehn . .%n'tfor thermml trsaderntttitmui .4 hi 

'rf ltt'jwtd un tinaer 20 Or A fea'lomp rtue'. TIM 

imr.n4,.irma:tum in Kln .4ovnemt Irpirtiortwi ao nist'Sr- 

ivg firAo the t,,n,,utiloa it( :ktaostils, (nrn the rewrite 

(a.lpish irinato faim~eillite'1aIt 

lithe "Iar~le'n~u.at WiuliistHm . raritaill in cauxeitatq ,t so 

mil-int. lint). prnrea.e% are ro.iratAWfr bY the diffts- 

.im rate'atoll taetime toic i tmci~t. Ofl nrtrs.E tt -441. 

7%6. ..- io,o .- h,,..I. X.MlC' niti .,-" ~ 2lo *i prowprr too ..p.yk .4.i~t4'itt(N (rltM if the car- 

.. ,tta..dh..(,,t~n.to ,--.t'.,d4..t~.i'. 

IMP,11 .)lilttksll prnc.A err. sirtim-onruoutet. am thermalliy 

-o.mfr g.6ml ovom lom w. i.h I,,..-. 11-'"tii a aimrgu. i4'ttflat,,fornicn h * verm nornmtiniflg lovtfskona~ive) .'arhite" 

-61-4' 1'. t~u~ I tll_ 4 ltheiC mn j, I en.l' la. iI.,merveu titter the firingu'nelY 'Ivne' ruoitni 

tU.. 1--v th,,o ;..I. .. f-.. I . tl ...... m.. v it, flit' ildws 0,'w-n-l. gsinictog 

'4h t.t O inf.a 'i go.. It .. I I - .. 1 - it. A.. .,t'.. to . the i4 , u e I i I,' rgiq l r . .ip v ' r ' t ' a 

1141 

a.flo l -. ~i4r N t l1,- 5. .. I...L... W Tlo 

44 . vi... Is M 1 V I rm fth,', ml. i atthe - rf., iil't tav' % l r 'n'. twrin 1 

rsW " th~ats' ,vl 

lot. tm W.. . in 0 , I . u 1t vs rE I ,.1.-. to . ..,ffi .1w'lf14 l 

m -C W-4 1t m io illt 

h... ..... -,~~~.-.-- 1.-...................... 1,,. I.. to* 6 .So -.

mon4l51. litite' at telsltIrlimn- Ins imeo Is the ' itimslig ,,i.-mai~toi"U 'ý n~livetoWlatil' lati vis~liiw ,it I&m4rrb 

rartuw. l~ari~i nisia emY-ilh41-4Y'4.4a5ti mntismps witsp tha~t if tue t 

X.P1. sty na30 itui.L Alf 11 inve it. iiaervnaI lmn, tLrtin 114:1lgu.31' 151mif4fitmly41 thic.k. it a-n,.o towlerri'stt isv 

shisrh the alterwAIn hrerinterfat' wax, at -n~votsiTnuifm q..sipis.l -114P ,.p.g"mmEs ofm fitsw, iarr"Amay &its" hm 

t~teilNlcatirris ilIII.ig ingle 

1 

tisimdtl. find wtitl, .iiffetina that fairmitEI l~im-u4lilt it. 1,t6. IN-iaI'iuP is ,filown qumile 

iwril' k OL~ .hIN"K's in fill' 4'"w~t~-ia-14i"tt Kgift. doharil' int Foir51I I. fnlu hin reatting i6 c4,sw.,iums 

uhiir.h 6s dertc-ilm-l in Air~tioi 11.2.1. *llI'h..th lthe plate' At hich ha,& Iui-monse rmckv'i oltrietin firnsi. 71W 

Malit.i'tttaiL'~sst tjflim4'I'IMII 1spot IN',iI'fiotitel' e'taitiatedi rr-t'arks have ns~imoilili the juttt1k" Ct4xoo, am4.Ioo tn uSC 

it moonmtlwIt.iirruityanl. It ~tsi~itti~i lSInvueve. tis,'twtiY a1t1'tmi layrti v'',isr~mi ha. thsoivo~w~. .k'i'.4that 

the thyrmah1i' allerrol 6yer wits ha snmel in all, Asp'. a io-kei-t-ilic I'I'w.iS a..Ik' "amtplsimmomfl%. 

rcgt..iis that noa,'i34l the tritirui ttlt ~titrlI ot leos~t 

0.411112 ,er1 is.4.itt' the aminu m~~i4'l 4 t5t1u11t ut en- 111 

1ierttam at thme loore i' ,avell. TMins retetlmritaitirs. 6-Am.,i.sottish tile thirkneloos.# .41wa:titm'i' layer in .liffnrrt %into tit 

'i~C 

iu. im-dirtni nitmeint aI witle. variet 4.13 f4irintg rvotoli,t"--~'" 

It al1'.0 isasimiem. that thle agg.10,'Iit istIit ntime oi-, 

1"Iiir to( 0.3 filling. 

D~mi+-Wim.Iu',it 

!hAr-l 4slss.E..s. 

Thenall f, adIilfait' 6yin tillkws itwti 

vtimea f y ~uiti vnry '', in" avts tite t 

" 

tXua'~ 

"' 

iiriminstfin-nitiaiiy anol .IsiallI. a-s .i,'wrilto-i its Su4i-itoin,' 

. 

15).3.. 7ticks'r la~ye"'rwn- (moiussi ion time ptimtiuliiig 'J'o to 

boltti. Ititrti.'iiiriy toolt Ii lara insev where411 

111W,? itiat 'nt "..6 

Cider thp stmital, lkwh SWIA, atwa. ts s..farems. inm. -. 

pwemris4tnwit #a( tihe heat frow4pt fill. flp x"WWW^~tt.~ 

uw ' 

.. - '1 

all I%-at Imaviier, waxs imappiieciaibv lilfrfrtt from 

what it w-ushi IN- inl stImntrill ttimes.6. 

lime thiswksmepo s( . til. lall.? sit-t'n-m tiawani O1w 

~ ~ '*...a 

vs.,m-m 1. Pewltiem'ym taWag embcnui 

gdai.' d a A.,4 limist Gueist in 11w, ".mM-Inteng AlUN. 

maitiz.li. .fitiwotgim tihe Limy ri nwom hioring tlie firing 

iot twime niirt ,ni. it thimwkinnv. 1 ,stu~n-'.iAv with c'ugi. 

tinol lttitde solvit, eu".Vt nt-r Omw unriin, so( rifling. 

T1immas. imeasrl nonpliete "mi..hstg Is.'tuvn, ronqmsti- int,.4 

hat iferemi5l~Itim ben 

.m Km.m rlinig iii tile 

iat) .to-t\ 1)1((' IG-ol\o. A432 S' .1 q~s~ a.Fg 

1to,~ lisp vaa ita it form. tolk4me'i thist "Inuitstits mlt 

inftg penrIsatis's tihe snltt'iami te A ei '.te iIWnc i4 

relativelY thiiik. imoi twn n ti' lmors hee s nt . i m-nmu till. imtetlli'itlfl nearit time lms. ittle ong tl 11v is i.41ffic1l'tt to 

ssmszze' nl~ltii1'~risiiIg t-i,',ffitill im' tiiwtiliiiii'y l.11tli eithrr .s't'liii. great.' rmactivit~v or the s'uitir 

wallk. 

Pharp ilnolit i rs'icthit5Yatime ttttitemI lau'r initefac'. 

*Act4utiIllpiV. it smiayl he.Itnvillklrl 101mt the theo 111tllY 

ahm-lt'ii lave'r i,, iI fart nittris itirei nt-spl , v AI IkI b 

RX1kct.lrtTTr OF Arm-uTti. ; fill. pon..der,'O.111161r.1 lSel 

'1711 tls'naai21 JAts'ri hrt ' r ill .iurgir-414)~t paists. It r'v:isamit 14, -iA-1 if esili'r i~r Imith 1sitt14-tklinttgtso 

1141111% ill tuil mmflNiiiiwltt.ism. Im.1.h .o4 s. ih~.l iff.r friont o:( tim.rait~tttI laI *' :1st'r ea.,*1 ullmevi. lime stitetivity 

lie tknalti'rn. fMt~. 'irI 6:I%. :155eii nbe. kqtusi .,t. 44 th it 1:1ill-It lt' iI tayrr %.v :11 il'ivil liv fuie-imugi fir-t 

1 

all dIw"srl,oi a' mowv.'. ainsit i~isttenift'i (Ii'-w lit' -wit it a tit a irid 1I,%(.r ils, .1. i., thini, n'i,'tant viamt init. then'i 

.H,.ite sptalisll4 allit~t'tilt n It -ik. it 11:1, sqs,iol ,41 iswkl v pisit~flitjg tit kor1' "id :~t 44ratint inis mu than en?.. 

after' to ruiisirgf ti iimitvl~al. ;ll5 ll'rils44' I Imi~mtIi. Viiher i~inmi v tt icL %huth pIrimotml tushst figstiscr aisst.ptctizl- 

S 

#or' .isploffestitt rhsmjin~i pivsaltim'- fr llS Ix.l r%'s.-rtt. tip 

hvifis.' ,suiitt'rfiinil ist tI s~artimsOiSlm (I 

,.s~t-.if h , 

s-si to smI iiiik-it':"' tif iitstidie,,tti' 

ei tl iva I.) 'm if r-ti .:'itat 

it, :115' i~ntiiii'i in 

"-in l's x ins 

Iit~i ~ 'n '-*15t5. ii slat 1,04111.1 asftes is.' firl A. it is 

thaim.' 4 li'ru ayer' t -ist it. s'salloiI IsYt Ilie. Iast,' er Itamo's. 

%I lsi'i 

saglYahm 

is4i1- *f' -(' "I'll Imuh'm intslist iln tiit 111h t. 

31% sm Ciut astl ut.11i1S "a it hu ttIhail 

CON VIu:NTi Ui.

-only in ii, tesel m 4.et.' ie l altirusl Lcc% iegil 1)PAIleipsueee iiv ArceTKXVs 

~lar 

M, 10fieel0 NCA- -eiwd AEn--i-e.cnIhe fhe 1c4-c( tl~ 

fimig it io et .4 cillliclt teN olr.cee a lig.tiore 4( the 

tin 

r4' 

w. ormwrttcierrat orlce.- Imowneerfart' hau. Awet 

omm lor exwe mi too pa'ILawv ma the auz 

pmu ~4 ,4wcIn .a1 qyemrnmcnt gcwlfm, n0 it ein #,64 tom 

ill A vinl f1111 Pon. IAIr cicecei,,cl 

MIecue 

mtr will @4' sernl ýflrc'Aikv 

wsl -bonvl that clitay lauenti ncmteit liv cteir 

h ~eten l~tiw weltarc ,*ti 

l~celum. t ie nulwcececA Ltg ci. 1.11% vcricec~.l~w cci beat itrutnorwnt' tit .41.4 ace. Plceewn edi~alneeceeece 

*~vc 

full tacke 1Ahei at how trineivratornm ni %lcrtr, jtHAelw etlk ir-.% . e. 

ine euwri. 'nip icre o4orfacq. .ioA ioe. i~,4 ~l tecitcufutntu love"n i~vii p 3Wt ,f .1 ,wte'nbe that t 

heSIMMr. b. cfeen ce1 tHe INwice trao.niheere~de tcK~aic~~rmretfa1cei~e1iecets n.fa 

er n4via isomehrL %R ~k vvt rApiid v m~iA4 rat 

L 1 . . .1. uile 

e414iqimw rompiretd ther t'cetlwtttal dervrnemcekt-i. 

soucafr Aeted so( tler rweetnpce-tueeec eel gin Pori 

_______othat____________ fleS # fiorni. In,.fenoil thce ncicrlrniW 

4 isW.ill at :4vr ~Clips- triticorrttccre.. which 

inscceromirm -of fieemecveneigrateanti 'he Icanl. maurt 

aeticilymlerdem~lcwhcen tile altem!'c Iaver 6c .e4 dil 

______________It icurlu'cce ted' that tloee temperatilee eel the cg 

~~C ~ ~ _r % chicetyr ln4wrgc cirmne.Wttore dci,.ilvqed ;a theast 

I .. ~ - ,. . - :;41 tveatc. Carlo -Inicccrotele'nuhaveeatprenieranred ef 

i.4 *' -' in thic n mal ani thir pnamoin tiv alptenite C 

L 

~. ~ .. rayckhfatte'tritnflwvrtietm-ofthoemartn,.4tei 

~"" ' fin rx'uentae e.ijthIeSty tite noenitie' Laer. In 1 

r * 

~ -- ~ b al lertein'. bbzwdtoricle n.1 nu ofrm mruarteese" 

% i 'Mi flm' thi te -ki ý, o.t~l.euly eiliceth ie innet-r ",hic (e-le 

rins.Cluemde~~llac~t efi n" f t ee in, he . or' etwor -whitr- layrr %hich ice .eupinceoi al.t 

ieweeeng gum. Tie ase.e,.l ltetr v" pie.er..., ... 

a 'ke pi.. Plow .eq.ccl ,l. i hwc~e. oT.IC i 

tAi~ntk fimencec l s-c rentain.' asegcrite'. Fur a defail 

dcc ce-e-rilic;' e4 the "vthite- Lveaec -re Scetion 12.1 

to au..Ienite. It i6 Iwrlieveiee that cheering aend aft er thin iarato fteWr urc 

tTsn~fnc~fMatceen the rafte. el whatev~er r-lie'ntirl r,*c.* tmilente eo(lftilefearticcn at the bore. ceurfacr- I 

tfirma air ifeoig on1 air rC'Y~teiflec,l e'Irie'int'c. eel 'n mne Iw pe ", msete in See,eticase 10.5.2 2nid 12.G. Surf 

hanel by the higher te'nepc-racteece bl ntitectlv Ao ~t ier rae!e as.-Wilte', hr meetis impartoed mcechanicul 

ff'elmtilo elf the mowre -rti..': robamp i,, the matelierin -ea' , ri which mtocnoe evin be hrutej 

FsP'nltcall'. thle loeere....ccarlzce. le'rmncwrtccre er:,rCIe '[telfeeect lbetermul f~ee'tnrt. E'vene Pa. liejslce~etien 

it% mazincinic MiniA (3110 Seackitt'c. thle qcritwica tri.cn uce lee arc'' Ker" extcent i u~eehi~ ~e 

clieeelln vohermisetwn dee'. el the' I,"cn;,,,e'1e' el reei 4~'.c, Ie's rsteli ;M"ewlteet. Oerr Air-I Icenec - at i 

'no. ic ee-teVaeci.itemIc'cce ecih lceere -terface'! 'rites naetion- acel ft#-e rate" 4e the' fliciee 

31"'19ci"u ill, litpe.ft 

%.u %p'eeemort We. e. thec~Cee ,,.ti,,envice 

'f nlee r 44-teew e :ill th1".' 6eatcieie h'et... in ,..'..i.ec. 1, in tw'e '.e d ss i 

c-ta-Iil in Sc.'-tivoi V' 3 ce" , e-ecit c YIlrteee-.' *..uIt.

)S 

TUMM~ %L F W.fURA 

,uSTS 

IStable phase above appriiLn.,te1 WoOc -. p , law.) 

Sawd so.tuma, eor C in -re4 with mausa .ws, distravb at a wimIn me • 

Interstices of the face-contered cuble lattice. HloWgenMOoSI 001m1StlS 

eS 

Eutctolid proportons of 1erte 

-s and emnentite (0.8 percent C ) 

Fine- lamellar structur. Hard*; 

than ferrite. 

PrAMI ?A.SfS Inn. peeriite) 

. . m par" r. ) I 

Neodua s (dark-otchtin0). 

Mardec than pear2lts, o. but te1 

Feateryto and more cicuar ductile trwurs(dark-etC?'tn6). 

than trostite. / 

Harder than pearblt, bu ofe 

d anditot moe ucie thntu sll ewineut ngnte;v 

Supersaturated interstitial solid solution of C In '-Fe, the lattice oft hich 

to distorted to tatraporwil o.-etryj chc,ically hrngensousl magetic; very 

hard. AcicuLr 3Lructaroe, .L.dh is ,xtrmn.li fine Ln properly quenched steeL. 

(ON FII)DENTIAL 

°/j 

Y45 

S

nwI. 4:%t 4F.14 400 4;j -4de~ 

t 

nse.Itias.. ln Ir sh'5I 

-n* indI 55Its l fit.v I~j vivsf I am - 

eiii finsi. 11w. two$ larvs .ias-ws Sisal callm la- ,Iiin. 

piiisivllr M 41601.4`11 it& IJIV (ssIIos'i'.t paeretvrislt'l. 

.o~li-e.I.r..plir m-ioleever -of ~ 6 meslun st trssnoI 

isstili flit- 4cii .t llw *iawutilalissa ieriusI ulivie ;Is4- 

I-14o:tol . fit 4 irwefare nlistir IIlL3.2s wimI ('jaei- 

Ijoiurr wrw fm-pz~iget: -to 

footiw~a, 

I~aur~s'oi rit hwm z~t~c 

lalbie~ssioposwtat Ile-l 11w 1 ,k loiwm-tss rff:w esilermful 

p b.. ohum oiw stwaus; poinit 6or .4-L,,, flnIv* fawte 

run.:u 1w m~lim .. fry oves thr fe. Ifhat a msiztwie "I 

ItIoli.mns I snvitfntow in "et-iitwnsuwns skills Ilse cshlilswi elsnmii.:s n-ritetWu lij'"' 141 sanieil pm~ AMet it,.e! hiv 

:A$ vi~mtIing ius~ (A4-Htess 11.2.11 thatc lStsemmr- li. 1 wspetien. 11w '-inrulaiwmln Is-iw-vw thrn Iw59.5lins a 

aisle f 4o( joi~n ,.tAs Isaaewb oiwjetn.it sil flit files-ioni ltorierng ltswit" ivit nitemtn pelwesirts are IK- 

"nasses a Ism~ ebiilsdlt,11V-C psowuerp. 44 IsirIt flanir less.- iseg f-rscel siantiw I .er, e~en ev-6to~ a. lins jtsil 1f 

pwmulsrrn sin.rell."' r !tte4*i13..Krn,1-11111 s'lawllatisat Isa' lite ristrdeentsikuing t,.svalt-satison ansuin~sivat to theve 

aSSW4is .Ju e 1rtwrt tisl'n ruo4 arl~~fisons~ afitr I Ithi fih ilsic 4f u~tin-A and" nIWI itei thr neiz'ii' 4 r rapj4 rale"I hosir 

deer first noinkia.'' 1Ir~Ilw~isiw . r-Avil~atiomo slpow truiespjsi that rre."Ili, im ther Iqaats 

that thow lu-sk IrmeriH~tairr .4 I11w etwin wesrfavrv is ell 

silwsss' fiw nwhtmflic tw*g4 off st pi-irr"n 141 Isomtils ;sn Itr s i., Ilmtelioitatirt of T1wttttitl Factors in 

5 5 

amll fimi. le lulhtit kl ~ikie~al-iiuie'm s allte sto 

Cnstrrnn; Cielindserr 

conlhituayIV gn iIM,4 ;r(3svs lakis. IslamrA whon vivy Im. 

japsk"ArPLi firei it. iIH'frf5'l. illk-0 11311ie. .%Sky fliw. (' k.14ruuih , iw54 oet(trii Iakro julars in fi- cm.1aarlin 

mnelluares.46ivartb5iomwlesmist ,.-t ak lh nmaval.At livnigi re hinulert' .4( n. firm the usain saniC to4 CY1- 

1wr fIM14w4I at tile tasti. ,steifarl. vwill. 44 n~ts'. i thr ;Aine io Ilse heslla't Im iitrrl freesia lie tooet sunir mot 

hssolto~arliome. islt it astsioehapjwcar ti-at l~esubmn1351s' singe't Ilir 4'sslavinot tol tier mpitirjilr 1=s evsil yet I*-. 

are twit nvrvssari. ateso IthaIehtlistt ra.n invusr it, %un. Itivuuits4 thce smlnewsd~f loe Atniser. the 5Mw 

Iut abseit .4v pasa' in 11w rretirut rying sbu iiis Itsr4,..fernt. 1tueta 

It figu..w.. thice. that Slier ate 44 1 0%4,artasie~s uiaals allow hint is i..shsarle'sI too dice walto twr thsin in the 

hp Umialkul 1vw t~he rale at wsihii lit-at rasn lie finvan- Ilsesa. whentlie, l fl-.4o I.w pwn. me-it too, the Wafles a& 

fc'nsi ts ite s'thr ryllit prt 4 fl sfi,'twi- leter pirao mulal lieusl, is lantisnar. 11wr tylo to[ Move- in siew Mrmiffr 

twit It v ' thw rats' at skhich rhonetsrsI n-nett..nv ~isrouhiet poretios. .4( a gwin tulse s jiihikirallitl in Fectire 4. TIe 

are b(tfined antih itn- 1-1. Enw'ioltl neLar 6i- sijrisivi tit rz~s otni'nuit; rim. . V in a pn-et w oAoesetsncf c'ffc-& when 

swesmr at a pidjie fateirtitglul vwill, fix-. first ssrnsew. it lito-o rIsmen tlw larxp posnihin to foo 1w sharl . anti 

%.-hirb e'!qwrtationt 6 in ass-iorll skills tisse,ii.'si rfatst. the fuall ,sn1.e it the Itisrlottitnt In-tka Ihans pnialttcvd 

clshiw suil Ptrike lice tInw wait- Stanid it retaric tsta aties 

IaJQ r.t.a-FLnOX. WaIsTH~~sL:I~eS 'jn within lite' reinl'ns rylisiltk'. firm' lite liorrinllint 

ports strike the surifss in a reelaln nomasal direction 

U'l~et Pingie 4 moi, le jwswssro ofic~ (Leter flais tsprra-- andi rehy rsk s-arkwnnk 

flmr air flhesI in :1wr ralilxi' .510 

V'i,51-liillegi. All 41isjtiis enwitasn6 I's gineshisirsi thunic tsarlnknt 

the ..hslernsd rasts .4 cetiisiii are ,ilpis' oliffisnisl. p.4- in lasth hcsg-firsu anti e'air-dlnwl guans. ilas effects 

Mca~s,4raiclki eis-wn sheies nesit iw'gsn Aith, lce fir~l an. ass's' nwsiee"ahif in Owth ahttc lilyuse iU. essowan of 

roustasi. ratliet diww its a lzsgc ir "invidahaitits"i lit-i~aw."I liter c'laccclorsilkstw nSpt swevor in flt- arem prultrttIo~ Iil 

CON Vi DElNTI %L

yIitua'er. I'witI,.' trintin riflioiaanaa Ilie* -t.'ion .arfi. is ~Imoao:a1iy uaf littla' itilajwrarlatn aPi.' latcat io 

of file rmriolpn' ta'a's. :apliairs, t.. have' loven Orpim pufirielif so ut..It tile. PIwi uan-lr .11 aaviaa filit,. so 

il.was .usutiotoiw its liiiiii 13.2.4. Forthernataon rotrlaawixotsaa 

:awl nitrbimn; o4fbi steal. ai' prolo4rotionm 

CIIFIIC% FCORSn-Arttaaea. t 4d 6'ual,' l.. are i-Atily r~~enowsl in firinug. IstA 

Iusa 16traoiltwitiflO 61h tiaa'1t11w alla'rattam jmicaaata nontaining a'rvluIa'a 

anal nilnitala. ay musnaaLatr'in ~moveraom ta, a cue. 

nw' ..c61w'j~n.l~.a.a et ,w..s~, in(1..p. .ible ulta hid'a'.aa; hriwtsa. in 11W rsmaw off aotilailatain 

ff12 I~hs" 4%an tha-t a aisb'titanea fll-' nn'ar6inwa rk- to AA nawaily as smiuta"no in that vWai4 

of tile of.i~t.n~ atie po1w o~alar 'it %%~e It Lpin Ivral 

ia. et utnhtas iin.port:,na' in fionnoaualaitt a tuseranlaisni 

i:4-nSatin of~ ra-rlum awal nit"IMM'. 

Ilii'.' p.1,.'tritinst fru'liaac ia"lM ~aliaaat 

of pain Misasiona. '11M. .'leatnca. jar"Mat ill the. M~a.w aw'. in tile .lete'rnajiaalaion aid mltijeata' pnulavolats Iwv thy,. 

a'aallinig Enioan11 tinle vill a, ean it( all tile 11,4.aaa praapa'. maot.IVa,:,w1ia' a,..ShooL., as its derla'.aa later. fo~r aW11i 

Innis, am' ra'rhnti ax, vgn hyinvaraa.n. eaitrisM-, :anl osoalatiataoa. invo1lving carlnna. mual auitratiten ame fimneloil 

mwiE,,r. 11%, 14iffito at( sqarurt.' oaaa.* e these, es"Stjtat. faw which there' tan- insaaffirie'nt iatta ta wot aa'it of their 

rnto 6, taehsln Noi(iAl Isly anm afnfiI a.,r.,ItivlaI tnvi~nvO.It. 36 Wit-veolvt. that tnu usnalicstanadingut the 

laiaanaaan r'qwrituwut.. the nt-sit,4o witt whia'h ariVIive ..yaaesuu MO'e( awl VD's a. (Uf& asl 1410111 la iw Ia.111k-imhlp 

in Chloistr 34. in ,aaahar tot volopiiaha' tiw'nle raleo ' arlynm andl ni~naW- in 

It moust not Ile hoat'itlq.Iaweve'r. Sthatl 61w, Iv'. Kit" a'nnpn. 

lmet36ar t it"contleott'aay'n1A patc asuit Ioring ML-aqit 

riuct'naa clwuin.'= is. Ate loom .eatafarro~ of gpnus .jmino 

RAW. Kaober. siw'. powior wo 0ama "211 hp an-411iakwdltuxSST 

toot tWAaal4 oft a miatnif "( ntalanlok 'a' in which (lie A~ x4,salaoliffa. r'oajolilaaoiunn. allgapnso 6aW the irts. 

allova' r~itru'ata'i am. "Ittilliainm. 1Tlwir voaiawt'nutionots earlaman ..ys6'nu 6a tahawn in Fikpi.' S. Thsis iight luie 

sk'p.'s.l wiat easialy toot tile' tvjx- .f ludear otait tut.' large to' truaa'mly tea~lle a dials",tan fair the. iaain-inmss rairlaid 

Maent am ithe t.'saIlwn.6.,re ofE file gas4 gaajxS'g. ha',''sa'u ps sient Alr(tany the high iran cuedl is a'.ma'dvrecd. 

type anal rate' of a.'etiaoau whials take' plbn' Iaswat' 

the' ater! anal file' Itowdra' ics ole'pa'nal .'.aa'sialIV con'8aq 

the tctnpeu'a61,re oftle 61w asan a'urfaeand' nlilt-a. a'.rnaloo. / 

otitiam .4 tikI gaa.. wh~ichI in torun Ala'anaL- toot it" ta'nisu. A .o/./N.-, 

sallim. *flwaes apactiaano awl. tile evianliticinma affewtinsg .i wo '' 

uned aff.erting thei.an' 66..' stile ojm of 1atth6 aw.'laflo. 

Insofnr ast l~anosible theay in' rw'atvil tat liat- qal..ea'a- 

Siam.. atoll ru','.It uk'sariloaa'a ii. Claplt.'ru 12 anal 14. %V 

q. 

A.tnI 

d'tie, 

tq.' 1 v~ 

IlSPtna'trationi of Carlmta and Nitroge" ~ ~ tI Aart*eCewts 

DirRYC II.Ur,.'TIOXUAIN NDUT.CZJ 

Tu'11t n-,a'tiiIvit wlaiah Imtiaaolir p~na ritli',a tail aiit rialega 

airenI.' atsla'T Wvi Iora t tlea 1. £iaal., illpota;.alalt~r6h.sf 1111Is 

which rol .'~arilaisole tot oluts a'roa.io~i.16 'liia.aiaahilAa' W19-. 

* 

is 

W ~~a~~C ~giteete~ocs~) _ 

ala..jiIasl 11aat aaa11 V Eniatt' 1111 ie -iahi',,a Pu". itta' in 0 

(htapter 62 badt f-91 tut 6tanlialeutmdtia.ti v11w .Ian.. 0.' 

6 jatai.' wvhail-1 '.1pow A. Olal its vu.tts firtsl w.6ith ipiscle. A- Cen Coarbo 

Now.a 1 xilvdaa file sir'lajtj 6a0..lata' i.. jvsutlps (itt 4 $1. In ,ata.aaa.. 

Ctl*NFIIWFNTI.%L

TIMP ru it '.4' low . 1, Kla~ 

olisi. Israss is injolifi~ lmll ill that it ugivs- late isisli.-m luis 1w e s-siqle-reml 1441: ls-aies diagr~trim. Tit- wsrk sin 

thins. oft tIh- miiins.ni-turarl t-velj ii!ts. ic uh amn t Iip' ,.asleno is far frn&ni'., sstpl-Ir. lotat 3-ntMigt~ has. hov" 

t'5t~it~tt iil 4.516 1ii ret -:i lgi'11 pha 2M'i ie aiiagill it t imi tlpS~i tii o w Is mlryletweit ailsit's sit jiiit 

,ha-Gaaite t-ectsart jsxsttl-nls that an-ttipwrei-l iiss:ilis,- assil s-irds'. at"i aIim.y. sid miiv 3141itr'igsi." ni hut' 

Puaphsi.s4. Few .r'ainpk. th. ess I half 64( o tin. A*.. thotos,01 04w tIlae. $QW'ingMaK u m that NW 

Xm , an e -hwis tinllY Ilite i'ha- s. (i-mril :aie isnititi rnvi 'l Iseiit rssiis- a2W *44t phnan-t~tr: nitrwsfrrrntp. Ortn- 

JWtsoa7e 0t. In the fivloi slt".igiiatl e a~f- t "Iv ts' pshisa nou-i'.nsitt.:s an intui-te. 1Wetestssili iti 

sIfluiy 

reenwtite- the mis-neetnts-snutil rallo-tatpwent- le-arlmts hias' iss-en rails-st srannte. 

anin ferirte arW gamisti-ui Istho- Itf .i a ;'.vp-wislissiilar 14011W 4ite11 lmnsisssqs aliagralos wereln -riass sinl ezsimppss 

fromni S; lwwi ,aue-nu-orrma~iis fon. S anti ils-viiwnat-al wswic whith o-onfalssyuMs the x-ray sliffrue. 

£. puoiia amL .emoroolisl. amr pontwssl. I'raniM.. itswsM t~ass siwtjsv14J jAmoovis. Mw. v~snsatm sL-ta ohalit sw's 

rustisssts sit a, mxiimtI sif (trints- :nol s-snls-ntitt Nit in amIin- eit- IN-M. 1The litrtao-qts, s-tp' attW fineisf U 

dein4ite lamspswllsioni sarsi itithi a characnsteriustic- Pimp. Its lie Mil C uiith a iinisegr s-statsnt @of 2,33,0. 1110 

Wife. 

Ftw theme.s whatar notW li famiiar~~s witl, si-4id vtosnotitt. 

owetir~rfrnet. sint nitii ons. Iss,% aus"i Fe1N,,NI latn er 

s-t:labli411-ol. I'arlw (ssrn . whichI is.H ledt[s the. "pnims- 

IlS'. 4169=10ss sMevrl-t %%l~ll4-sill lee wtive Itse ilhiss- prlints- laliws.- hate, a fave-csiteft's t-ihieixs nictiire 

trale thll nwmatsgs tit[AO the vantieu' Islatointo lint-is ands woith a sr-i-N sw vstissatewhaI larger than that :d the 

flsfhils.. i We~p u csl sit the sliagni, nh~srests piure "Katnuwn phalm-r (olitresdau'.t-nite) when it clsmtains. al. 

itiol. A0. Ib.. fnxilo skie, sit the 46ta M iot upploonsswhoruI auawt as innsI ilerh wit.~ Ilse latter. whit-h ..*.lIu. the 

the vomntlsti-itisin is that sto mmi with inin-m-szipii "-vp'.tlson .2hs a It-mmaguntai s.Iriewtre *all may 

arnuutoils sit s-arillo. Il1w line .111171). r-ilk,-sI the ii. 5-istatin rom X, MIs 1. l- hr s--n sitnitri-ogen. Tve com-. 

quishas.. n-pwievel ivs te 1311inning sif sirits- tosll is, aiansin Vrt-N is. mcfptse.s4~ not Ito Its stfablie at high 

retailing ansi I'* endl ito nwsiling isa1ls-ating. All wssiaits tesllperaltilW anti top slth-momjass at C43O C into the 

aliotitl thils. liwl wiiponeveu a"~~-. in a rsssii-felt-4v moilsi loiniu5tI anti s-pussies phsases'. 

ten eutasititu. All pseivifts hsu1 .i MCDIWL n-pol-tousln exwaa kae uas m the. 

ailkes. partially sir etanicplsCv sissh1. sy.ys-til ii'su-taitlneget in t'hiinetti" with the irnei-tfiliv 

aiiisuy s-sntaining 4.3-Vt sarlieve is thle rots s-ir r*alitm sit gain cesasas by- Nvitiisn 1. Tlis. wurk" is. 

01lup anai -iilislifivo' Mntirely at lists pstiltt C with. fips limlisutssesi in Ses-Iion 14.51.311w experimental reatwiti 

sAinutai mmt~suss f~inuantistin 4i an-C-nite anti s-s'nentite. k-s it Iiloth s-un-hoii. ts that Afor-e they- aer not stabie 

At the etates-tis- Cetnps-t-iatre itiustnite will l:04ts 1.7% mistiw fsiring s-uqssilisinos. mirten trilles. -ams ftzmniesi in 

varietal. Ce-rnuts-ti r-rituitat- enssst tin retooling lor-iss-- gutns. slsninx the- retailing o-~gr either hY low-tenpermthis 

ts-nipe-nturoo, tise limit osf wpshsisilitY sit( cem-entite- fsilm tia-tisuens with the peawder Va-cs sir hy pars--spitsin 

atstetanite lwting -x-pnv-,estre'sI liithe lines 5SK. lthe tiolon fims, aiitnsusitenitt..S 

paint S% 6s t-nIit's tile riossltssW. It is. ,sinilar Cu file r". 

tetis-cs C cs-ept thalt it 6i tNisnfictiptty sllrroniittlesi hly 

Powd Rw PNI6iL-ttTSO'C Or CtARBON ANCD Xrmocorx 

.any- further espdunntiltin sto thlis. liigaiot, will lee ifr-sm~iitissosasaguoh alterngingfrngthllt artersmrizing 

pstuvtponsal uintil it is. n-termeI to, in misias'stsisi %iih wa-:istiuns isksar take place. then cartoon mana- penetrate 

the plientitneta a.-s.-Aistiatr with 5vin ens-asn. infestmatil 

am inirn nlit-n r. atures-Cisi ssltinssl 

t he stivs-i Imie-Ars's-snare. Sisss-s earitiei, and nlitstitle*. ore 

1 ) ' iitiwns-ling 

andiii sivt hr lsneC ~l-%Isi.t~is-h lirts-s- rt l~~i 

genes-dilv fisissl tigrt-ter in the ems-le Ixae aurlnkee 

:ani it -nso lt~es twite systenms svt Ithsie elem-nuitt withs irson 

s-ssnditiompns.min lie obhtasinvils (s-s s Figssue 3. amot s'imm- hat Amssilaei. it i- 2-s,"itmee1 tha~t initirigsl tesnd 

carivsus pe-netrate.siiiltnusuv Cisinfismatnon in 

iRO~-NIHOEX ~ 

Sevin-il siFts-tnti fli:sg-itiam (sor tile -lv-Issa mmthe 

sa,-e sto'-irlmisa is;t obasslinta l fixitu the %sjrk sli*.- 

s-ssts.'s ill Ssq-itin 14.2 in thast 5-ts-him pl-nt-fra.tion w'as 

is0-ti-rs-. rmslt ttt-ntMm FNII-M2 pusvdcr was firedl, 

nit fivs-is or mm-is-.is, nit rile lszve Iss-si preusts44.s-e. %%his sisv-li istss-il viti -,iiizsi c"isnl itinse.. 

M.ii~s-iritlar siitnngsn ilisi, tail#t It-it :ihitmrssi:ih:Ia ' %itli Whv~mn ati-ti-iiiztiost ,fu i the lettre tskt,- plac~e. noa 

ifien: ltle rsinoi~stisn of siftsisis-i- Vtis-iial;.Il :5 juisil toa sls,-.iilss,I in Sit-sum 13.2.. it is. Itsi Ile t.'i 't-IMI tlhat 

trtli.siusi h list cue4lssut tf:istliiu it llsv s-ii'-jtustiiin lte-s m.irf:ss-s immav Isisk silt rtrtisin scr tvitrssgvn ter Iwith 

sli:gna~int (tos s-sit n-1111-4-111 ('4i4ililrillal umislditissts, Not froit tlil 1smmij4.-r zst-s-. -;is-s- the -tsri~ dsis, isot cosin. 

CON F 1) VN~l

tain ticteet il ljne.,tieel a(4.cIwwisoi sew flit room-l Iht rly liai, P6ellm,* a. llecntinlI- withi a Northc.-r Icli~lici to4 

dIt,..aulve ic nalltetiite. r1.:,t var~atrtui :4, ,ibm-l m ,Item.w naliiaisancl"I 1IN4 imWItiliv ooisi .il is -tort-I .'veIV Iimncmt' 

ilfilt. Ileeiw On- iverlc .49 frentidn jmmleiette win. until it ililiv riiniI tl&- voitlm, ie Ieit-ler".tiifV (pooint C 

poirml w I ts-. m~weriusito victu h ruilii~aleive variatio. its Rolfe. Mi. ile lit tlw Iuorinig fre lite nitcItitilt lovint, 

the, "alto all wh"c air Itirem icn *'re~m 1.12 M Th tbe sofn I ly vow 4acvt)IY ly t . Tle dogrmb," 

crrilcman~lalgot ;wnlroctne tip le ftall.hl.ll4adI heI Ner. I peentmel P in Sovitnam 12.1'Vissifinatnes that thiw melaee. 

rovaflr altcerml larer white %accr is' selatins~l Ih"# has. fl,,wevl. 

'lift imuiwtrtieen at( arlumo car ceitrocitid 4w Impo, [at It ampewncn in t1w ritice1 olfAnso that leave a white 

haceit so far ask the iceuttilm, ad the inner whteilc Lver lIti lin whichd riltmictit.* is the primiary ti'emstitiistat 

,deveirlwdin Setiumm 12.1.2) whikh it mtccacnc'eI at the 

lavirr oAadawI Wne"-dl (tutu the fart thata this layer 

1. a ip (A; coaci.~sa~ aczi~e 

mowl thatrnen orcuitae jita rujuiel (rigu. .51 bait Incra 

i6 mover resistant tit mijil PtA"e than ime11 the-tncaflvr lrrecst ncm the cncrfuwe. NitriscL" tire Restict ,v~~f 

alteretl layr rtmwitiuthi it. ALpw.. it aplqxnr%~~ ictehaewi m-ntith ormierm ý tt intis, Layer011 wlith ie senstit that. whatlomraNl 

Aigthily rijupi-fiel in plaer. wlcieh Aeinifit-A tha.t c-thi ie tunwlwni..ci to whciels nitnuget was intiu. 

the, ftv'hlift min heat ot INV"i leiwectl Ily m~ilitiiefls, e4o tltatesl. it lidl ;xinetrnter milli nitritivig rcystalizveh i~ther 

floatertcl frown the gu-tc-~eh qpn 1Tin fart Ithtm an in d I thad fi-sofit cir elect to( the culstenite whirl, as 

alliturrvitly atiolenjtct Artfirtn'hurr letternrcw IsN-o ct~iumiw inc tit(e acctetrftcr. lstw'eent ire fitlttititer 

4eslueqevito is .cwncnhrrw as er ititen feetat actwcenite was Natiosk. 

mtaittort in this layer lievzotior it haid ifsihie-eld~ rearlugas For a fuarther 41ibetwisice off the ruele .4( nitrogen is 

*wo nitni~m ece both, 00 Crom~misc K Scertfn U4.S. 

Thle gonter white layre,. driarrilweit in leelisn 12.1.2. 

althoullgh, it eviosises, epwentially .4( orns-ineite. iswit 

Witvieed tat ive fon4y the remelit of( sirfare n'c' .. tilc 

but to grema.titcate egriimw ad batk endomiu sani nitric. 

P" Prissetfutbis. It jP~rnievloeall fomsIshcce Im orgeo 

Ractions. at the Bore Surface 

Duii;Frn 

tiimed pcuetrati~cin ad the inner, white 1layer 1w the, In 1 the- orormlitg ,.eerticn ltne kynite anne rm-earhsou 

cradiu mova nitrogern is( th powder casevs. as ..wriluu 

blhw. . 

mauvl irotin-eitnegel were chi.eus',e1 tie tirient thne readier 

withbnejwri touletuetraliicca tiedik-. In tIe crtaitiffinof 

theave patere with all the eunsiti.tietod of the powiret' 

cFaoxfmO 

Foauxo% Wzwc 0?mc LrcomaE~uuitco x 

rTtW r 1iya F.Vu tt 

NITROGICISai 

o, the paysleit hiitVIlvcI ise-41-XS All the 

is oladu. of hIds 41uIipfieccted ilcwltirtmpcisnent vsysrtem 

asst netvesstry in cleterninittrg whatt prislturtct are 

E-~ipevemeas ehoweci ini separate instAnce., that flaly to lie (spritalc on bo~re scirfame duiring firing. 

booth thneirmatl"' and a minter setmeunt ist rhe'nicrah" lie the inu.Ivnamic nicthcxls- itsed top ck'temrine the 

altermtkin (earonm previterationl take plare thiring the 

Bring of ltne frAnt rifund thrtough a gun.1 T'nor amount 

tlbeseletirml pripalicrlc (if ecucion werr dewcrihxed briefly 

in &vriicm 12.2.4. The mreatioins invicel are the 

of carbom whichb has femietratevi inercrasece with the euhsime ad thies sertion. 

numher of round'si. fly the tiwn the pcairfacre has taken 

lip amxh atoleri u wprt iallyli it~lei~ce-fero .AFigurre 

5 for the hocccndlaniec ad the field "uate,,tnite pill% Ii. 

qtuid"). there is no hctcge,' the .incutwmki of whether 

mi~ouiindn. oif imon cir -ohial meeltionifri arr fiomnrti; the 

It LI WIT mK Courm Lcaor cWy~ 

GteA IL% ct1om H OIVl o 19W% 

11w vercniptuaine of inurt that relay he, femnecl1 on the 

Proihtr gam-A tegrat wilth lce Pairtially Ilittiefled uurfue boure acerfaee itnth,'r a vuriety .cf eunIitifcins -lepend on 

whierh presumably cun chimatfve runite crbonet. anti Ima- noncci~trat isons of the ortiunaecnenite (if ! lie powder gasca 

Aihiv nitropgen, f. l~an acistenite ran. line redecil is an uinder those ceticititmis. At the trinniedratcire. robtainedl 

icnwramceh "penetratinn." cthcing firing, the ninjivre csispopenenls tire those of the 

______________wate-r 

Iit i,. mue Leeen crismtlec thits inc. ticed all tv;w- .4 2.2-M 

iae ceArtiomn II 1 *m ns is Icict~ightaptiot in S14etitm 

Vitem. 1)nc acely .4 tl~cnuI a .tru el c .limis w m uwý ,uet uib ml 

t1 ~Iiir.21 ,n~eec~c~win.; clea .teev .1c ".4 % 1e.e ue. IN ON + Ii±C + 1129) (1) 

tuiw.ra il Jiccwu. i" aeortdgo Af" e flue .et~iiiriec,i ,usiclcmmt fear thkiA rentioldi. cprt-se441 

ulINVIDE:NTIAL

IW o vig~ll.t 6m 2l whirli i~e mt oren 3Aropale&~eee~ no ntre milreelziI irnt str1 ntumie f~mw ai~u.tit 

CMptter2L liii.. loomf-.aerlf:. tit ane~w.t m jo,".tthl -4 it tn 

0- el; HAteIn'e. iursl"I a. th4.. fegnsl rm III imsuna 

-J('t i 

(21 .tm,.ie son~ timettdti'el.W fimio "Womolienieee( Wa. iti, apwt 

14 Atent t1j 14M.0 ill III'MIIJI -4it15 a fiIIUr of a Ir~lsin XI. 

201: + Ol (3 olai,.itil fin, tioilgjouttv, mail slmleet~.ma-C jIsIrr~i m 

ia roamstpetiwg r~nitm. T e ithme oif kmgcn 11le-ewgtrallopba.4 ,,wtat whginit~autn(flning~tho 

h~ 3"r ati d,bhewhra ponsywrint... Ol~EM at"I in .4.. foombitwCN oolemiuwul with e4nrgrow' anot ,InuhrJuWs 

tion 2..L. 1.f a.,411611I lutI tIm III. fami eiuwutretJ i e j1IA1Twelrie:1 FrA', an~l Vt~l) i .i;rv4y. Whets tlo 

loiter are Imiglief atu. Air. a given vahw tof K.,, floor xah4v iti. noot ogtiwiorloml. uimiilev, (f"Ide knatwioseelwy to 

* me 

VI I1 

ow oft 

W a tei.im.ee .4 lo Ie-.sdm..1,ot , T ioaee a et, - cm a.-na rumim.wte. .4 tmw to . l-..ud d 0.2 1 mei r" rmel 

.Tilt Lumoo towatnmrieeuuea mo Iiguo' IN I. Ni)lt(* It... Mitic.Aute hap. oefq tooI so Foomotor 311 i %Iitt( it. 

(It (Ink rittiope'r II Iers'. T111'.. te4.Itioln*iloaee re nep- right .t Iiaet to( imit 4jeinosy her furiniti in lthe (mop 

treetui~t 'mphit"iY ini Fiititt 9,, tol' O pte 2. 44 l1..ite gl a... jinwlci. In loapth m-set,c PeN, 6u the 

Asomm~ril tlierngmI~ul ooir miptotli were uo"W tiielte mtiolc ,e c at lthe Iuw gitrfamr tt.mpwatufts Obt, 

,rtcyeminor th, 11tehtnatate prnimleeet tbL-1 t weeekt lee tsineil it hen the loite hja,. tim"~i ,tinivewhlat alter fit- 

Airwiwel J ro'tttiilbrin vie'rw e'-,fIlhi4meI lictwcri a ing. l16o; filhte of' nagnowflet (FtYI P, haare ',cen AmIttad 

Wit vitteit it * v.4 intt orml:an infinite tiet..ntit'. .4 d w by el.'vtrim ehjffrart~o itm lytima1' un the hen..e asafaeft' 

pusder POl." tit a1 e'emu:;ting meric-. it( rnrticnns. liti.eg Ic urn. filre. with Ivitlu tvyw" to( romomers"U The (ar 

ultimal t" pI'mie t ix. the 'me that tt'tti"v. filee gretI"t tha3t I'ItCkeClitj ILZAs thc eiiemeinaptt etu'.eue proehwt 

mo'mlive fre'e enewrgy.*uttege feet femm lioau 4iem l - ~in'tf v ,nif iet the ti-irk., in sn eiioeleul Kvei was 2(trileuited 

trnvi irvim. 1iv reenipesmoitientne .4 the p' lui toIea.a te, he eej. II teeele tnu ltna ~ruaili.tnt lee twveen the Im.,q andi 

emletcol lo-th reer thbe' tnemixer'altre fitene whtirls it %,:I* eettt.. id . the glum." 

..noekmk'e too lie . 1.e.ndeln atet feet to-mlo~rmtomaeee t. It rain lie. .eqme treetu tie. uattive frg'*tit a1nd fnin a 

pritticiinit tmime.. oil lthe Imir' otir(aee wit loo it wa'. rnes- mt'.atermel.'rtntete .41witwater mae reeltt'ie 0 1 th:tt at the 

..eh'neI itesI~e have i tINu "mI14.1 1% en I. . thoat e'i,iileeieiih- itt,.tile .4 firing. yeIw fleNtt ~IP."., ""'.ti'aiei thant 

'if the P:7 1 IA ~.e W'A';1 Ci~lt-iee'elH :t theI.W.. loewe'. tu-u, ther t'e11iibhieeiutt e'een~ant K.., 6~ Itirl'. the martienee 

peet~~tetiYW. that t:,Lt polave in thee .aj~e .4,of k-wqat .4o 

CONFIDENTIAL

,ietzl.4a-rmmt po wder, ate' pmrofiablyi thtwae rm'pra~ventmml ameal Felt~ amn ptable' oatil rm.-Iwt tino Fe it, tic. isg Im 

toy m'ajmmatiansl (1) andii (5). maituAvrt iV4'.*. Ia K-wantI IN'thwa twem'rvesaIt. 

s ltighmma Winet ne411aliy stuciIle 

Fr + 0 

r~+ 

= a + 0? 

FOW.,A + C4 4 

14 *l' nu rma eim'mrg rhaim~eem fair ha~iti. emsm am.amm t 

mU -opl alion1g miive F. litt g1 u'ya'teov(al ore-jti"on ling tot a 

pmmmt allam the. riuwu'. "c* aid kee tOe sass. plata.. 

lkom.- ofi Ilsce oujele imarretties tuay alsoe bee alttilnlmttl curt if a'a1cililintarse twiitiosons mec-' fclrnila'mi. awel Imlchw 

to n'actioca with 114) lIvy elaentharv (tit), flie' ruti.. Fr() saill In- tIle. oaae~jer jaratiiteu a. 

Fr + II)FO+ lit. (o n 1w elisifianertof rucrv.' .1 (es~caltiant 3)' em this; 

icagly hew 11, 11,A) rati. aemaienhg tot nmgmatiumn (2s. 

nime filiamcaltim .4' Fe.O taks.-A plran by r'ea'tiece t7o) 

7lle rutmle ibiffisa.eeemma)(cnarlicas ineti irain ie lcng~harthow 

finat eat eaxrjr; ltie' (oirmeatieen to( o-arlsitle rather than 

3Fe + 4Q)OVe4FOO + 4Q) (711 mel.ete mill arxflaatiir tam huaamlnt at eall neimire'eieah 

liaetan~at lieleew the mectal caerfacv. Withs all isserrenc'a in 

iweamcs-e eto( the shift in the emguililaritinm sa) the wate'r 

gxas rauctiuns with a restitingi ecreiruse inlthe Ct I Ct), 

__________________________ 

ratio. Fe4)b amtimkwawled a pava~iiiy ntar"Wi&ul M e 0 

retua lies o ( a), 

so it I - 

Fe + 3C),=Feioh + 3C kSi 

wait not foundl to lie man uaitnvate trnmehal umcmIet any' 

The fornnatms eat FeýC miltsl swkr Placte in tfull 

tapes. firga the edeemarpummetitn ado CO ikoiCUs, feeoaam. tottlea 

(M]~ anal then tiw reat'fljs (9) 

caoalftrinef with inte. The fomnatliam eef FcaC lmtfit fireflyey. fe nmiqe mri 

from CO) arrm'aming t is ncatetioti (5). huowfte. ip toamre *Isoxs Ftmeimimaj ujw'sue. i (.d 'Awl tmam, 1w tuwmt t 

likely. ,4nae FeaC ice atalek' with resivtera tu FOe.lit~acl 

Cola antler ammeteduntioj such that Cluismnot eatablle with 

eb Ipece flavo ht spj~uwms a- tIpw Ae NifiE~c Repapst 

No& A-141111. 

comet tusCOsiodO)p. 

Kiactirue. tel ettamre'. are' rati ruataeceeaeea in the ale' Ilaore'en. thse fornatiten Isartc i4,C see C initication (9)1 

tec-mtinationa tel ultirnite porvicurts. It ise quete' Iike'ir. is favowaspl. It nte far' voen that re'astiaanm (3) anwl (5) 

howev'er. that they have sallow itumpmcrtranre in the almse imnusd itse the right; therefore. nit miatter bay 

tbemestrsr eel gan entsiom. Cleeforternately noticing 6t uhat ounchtaneiceem FeC it prathclteec an iffireneet in 

known eel the rate" of the a'mmepcting trmertieweeo that litmmm ifuro (i-ital foramnntkoin ruetleer thtan that of FeO 

may take plt~ne at the harma oiatl~are. beat it its ""u~I. fair at givn CO) 0), rac-m, meinee time reactioin (4) to 

a'uysl asafe to say that the seitimuota' primlajet. assay wit learns Fr(1) natdae'inpieeent mo 

eas premaeea. 

alwaate le themnvjmar proalemeis .aseal pe eaam't 

isne 1anamlmwt mnuty resulit. A reaa'ico tihat nmay- he et 

gnat immepoartanel' is, Olwsarriomnicl Icy ee14tatiolo lo0t. 

1ce.toawiallosoiSuf 

lu-azwi IYoo x tn 

3Feat) '0 FA'+ C'v 

+ .i1)~F'eC J~t,. tot 

Time mitaroly ewnolvimmueme mel cesulfur that is preae~t to anys 

inb iva rtta'tt in time piewhmn'r wir4e te hyatnegry 

A phlmt Ic( tIle. a.e 1uililamittim smime'to feet the *itmtbettael sufflrmae OIi.1e. In lthe anease ma4 gunsm nittres anapebrung uf 

a'stinmaAtiama is ,h stas~ Fc mirurr Nt. Carve' F nmmlen.ett'ti.- lte mr.'taae takac ' theP. flat' "4eeIKr (natal Zinc. if Kilalimi 

s'mt1alioetim (l0). liekaWw e~rtie ff. Itime feinanm lieme eto FA)P mnettl. 19--1 fll "Imratatimeg leemAIA Oci i141114t jark.-tce) 

(planm Fr. the free rn.'ei'y dejseaznge fwFat) is smaPetive. t:,L'es 1at) f-.e'mtiaeIlr all eti the mialleer. ase tio','nilvede in 

Alloema mrurve E. thp (tiremaliomm oaf Fret' fra-m Fr'. thse Sa'a'tieeo 12.3.2. 

brie' ene ',rr cha~nge feair Ff-,(' is meegutive. Itinath Felt P'srrretoite' (Fevt,) has loere' ftasntel emmett rarely'in e 

CONV1DENTI %L

Or" to, I. alvi '1 "a,~u~ tim natult.. .4( Iha-Au r%. md.efiria-iut ti. molion ut m~me funuimiuiaio land exit"I the~ 

Praioloti~ tit isso-lol the1414 Is( oua4u.liur ill will rn.. 

~.r a .ku. r' ill Aeti.. 14.4. 

r.A, &+V".~ In smolith... the 6unou~tiol .4 nitriadem, 

gal .rowjolm. isi vqism,6mhis .mi~igli Cryoa.1 

The. fr-telt,. is the.ta...~nuu oPitlwi,~ kuq: in 1jt1hwr iff43sii or mend. sumlo 1,Yh Ium,,"l 1w the 

the. raww+"*. that FM4 u4.uunlil la- (uinomwul sanid in rrrtu s(e into with ryaunuitt.,. lx~stgwnivitu were, 

wn"ii bbami tit-..i mlit w, amma it the gun~s oi tiiu nt Pull- 

~itquI Ium high 14upoillva~turrw ..itur it.. foritiatiorn its 

ar:itfl14mIut tub .lu41WYUSIW VIint farlutioris(W lipuIXtrtant 

in oletronuaagm'ng sibirl cnmuulvaim- wsuul all lor funite.1.I'" 

Mu4shaiuloiills Jose Ito11 4iii- toxy.f nlartim~u. 11tuuim6 Mixtures, ad r~umisimmi &owl timtrwnuil w.'tu pwv~euI over 

IttitS itji1# tIW 6da that F*ll ii. utalblu...rcr a Ian% iriu fling at uliffenm"It nlmutnop.rrom . Dl)..entlegl on 

MW Il qu'trultkrna A411m111 in gmaa "Siu. dt.- reomfloism a.. #limp cgprfirrn"omo. UL-oli sis caglaul 

ow lmauh were %mmw .L It wav l.. ..... l that theoro mutkiua 

U no,...1x~uuus bwheol v air mosolplratrol. Tvitilmwraturr. C\ \9 hal. 

ftudfilsm ith moss l;,.,azlioil i1sm..tiurn, with "it"~r 

to thu. chromuiral fart.... its owiun r..uia ' that ad the 

anerI. raetatalu. rstcuu.A difft.,.i..i oafraU4Nb and uf nitro- 

pun. anal tier. spiiner ..hzialilitio-A is( coImnlite (Fe.C) 

sold 1 .4 iho' nstwimbi am all critical facttear. in de-ter. 

haata. .4 - inain .Mtriutc.. 6"ntifil: in. moWn mining thu..uuA postart. 

Iwo whirm ls~ awdru ~~ mr ilu'l-tai (1an..r16"i.o Tu.3 uauh 

ban mitruklev coulai ip I ~ byu.ni loss 6 ofnt~u the1 Inhuaniaardtiw eflutad 

powilim posses with tile ,~cme4 at the. looak tumpns~rturkwo in the flght at thrip pwaiba..- cur prolmil.4e impurtaoncep 

fero 6 in Orion of wilows. VFipwrinm-pst. alumn~il that is the choram" itterk so thelosel.r sairface-s ofg.&anby 

i-m miltnuk are u duu~lut~iri firina.' Frinm lorm-sIcr xam- ft clset Fillowed eluloaately what re. 

t66 i it, Iwu mwtnol tif-t the shilndeuu are Ismonw'~l is sotiesno an-norshiping flringw-fair th~emerit o1ni eltate 

Wool .liagrm the reauliagt of-lo. It hu 1 u.Jalmoly frli. 

howyrw. that hitrugam pswvtrstt.. the loom. surfam- at 

chemical moma... is load tsimon"Itbly untnleratiutd ow-ing 

to Ia.-k ad dats m. the 'of-iwn... ain svil% the aroom. 

ltst peak pnastern'a anal tuemlorat u~urvjmiaf. if the .utilomentm;it loaf peupib pa-tao at the tempotrature. and 

muwito 6a 1 .rtiafl. lmipmelrot. T1w soitier~o~u nmyoarm(rs, 

an tumalift Irv .iamodlotion friomm a nitnmsprn-riorh Ithotor 

m bjn ovart,.. with the naisling pa.Am. 

pnwrn. tevalsiimsaind flrnng. Ncve lohelna. a A5-eat ok-l tdisshnufntwionskmulvnobitained. assumantnasdm 

in (1.ateu It. whsich ,huwau that rhermi ra sslioata 

Whlosi the pnailer x~oan rival a&,luas. thi ramosta intr. hare take", phism. 

tim of ainomun (I\l1.) kironawa. N't rornoss. fiaarma In tlweaur a On-lrit withdul uapowden,. 

hy wvciall. 6 the AMcc Aith thism. t,- -aIxauont so( tImk- soilatlean. withs the (awmnat~mis( wt-tite 'Frl)). hasS 

gols..' TIlse pl~.daisiit('rit( .4 an~uh 

t r f 2rtiur IIA. 1..-NO 1. tarot. u l -eti.od 14 the notueaOf thac fired wtith uwiglit- 

Ismr pnne..ill that .4( flem oirl with :aoaaen-e Io;&ý ptiorilm. prowlratitmn of nrfvhn and nitinpa. 

((7\) ow h."drurvanwnil "IIICN). It i.. larliove-.i that with the fAwntatimat in ninny nom. Of rarbio'ca and 

the pn4re-ie .4 ttmo-u~uiauh.nuntjitling Iasth ";a. oltnuale,. Iwo. urnwod. 'rho tltintate produtctis found 

Iwo awml nitracget in the. gwamiur4o as4 rowniolasiun toa hy tlaermtaulyamnic rakiahtiuosti agree rinmely with 

. pgda.. awikle" ,..a haverownn,,k ruaiak iauaulnt tlum.. fuietnl 'aqiod" eu lipm. 

famer. (uaw menotole insis rytaniuklu hm-at In" fillnl is 

Swiss. almpy an uosile,.kuacauu Ise.,~tota~a l 

ronuepuouuaklu which l~-aeguuuat relatrn--1 ,v Now tron. rAl~ICLt'CTORS 

sona tar4 gmt-I ~. as. %An. mentimmrncl in 1t,4t pam 12 2-1 lL" Powder Casues 

Wlka-n ith timerntrataoun auf anoouaarnia. in thai ru~-4' 

inrwvem.-ea. the r'morrastratimao ad lwalr-m-anir irid 

ltlaiauVLukW JI.TLmAsL 1`110 M2oa 

.uluuusald al... ansirn-.- a-rtramlimg itas 16ta (..e Rnau-tiuur nm~a. ai.A aw is iteImmpnaoi'.f therniduýnu(mueel 

(Ill. 

201, + ~..1( + C111, + Itl (lip 

goesm 6. liaremovalw of mAaaia.-al fai.. (liae tinre cAurfare. 

who-n-louthe Imw diaitawter 6isiw"-ru 0.t flaia.6effect. 

CONFItDENTIAL

time himitly ay the omnit 11 pormil tiiim-m ai 1 

lim. IIN 111H I~lAhT 4:11" Witqoll ' 

unoehis,.- Nivls iir itIa. li UH1 t P m@n 

4-4c-il 

vlu. t ho 1iv . .Iinwtle gat:.o an i4 , ino anwde postalol 

1114-0611t144'i~t4. :11t.16 owwtqa tie ximrfare. TiU- tir a6Llit io. 'tiv Cimeipick tip. (#,out tIhfi"PleImirfaml 

rate amol difiwyr .4f wgwwal "Iumrim l~nmm thr hann ?wit tipri Faufwtm tha irelawiu, 

miany talr.1wrartlimmail 4-41 -of tive Kiln oteelq 'Ail. the !POt~dlr x~mm 

tiw. fllt ,xi~llC filivi.' anii ulielt sto..a* ;Immrthi. vu, Thrq*'liet .-it gkmni.-les travl~ifigi with high1 viri+Wty in 

resodt fir ni rmeeitios within the pore, are rmailili- v- fill- P~s Aitr-aIm iirer-amimial ex."y anW alfl3waxt% artioin 

imwivroil. liii m'as (of 'mvuwal 44 uinetat iu memtalic. aims th lii',rfaie . im(tllme Ivlets to4 the frin bure. 

gmnmlwtS4014'pmlli4s 151 'Alk"1tber 111meV an' limtuo.&Il at time 

ooiamm (wiseta, teiuperiatiuws. (Iewal. lei 9w-. 

tun 13.3.21 steel Iliipuefloe, at a lies r triti ratittm GS .. X16 

thtata A14a44, r"rniitetelY Iiq 1iii' fi.'llhms imI'naa.pntmImih (Maw rwli.s -(Go-s Ijal-ar. (Las h~kajkn is it4 pntiffi 

I Iiail "11i111hmy" '-urfati' layers whichl usiay roolain inipmortumvi as' a r*amaeiior (i,,.misi iaij' in 5155131 tri. 

Unifome, .4( .-elientite. am sAirsn in Fiiire 8.4o (.litiirt nitiilAut"mm-. 4alttamniidi ti..* rs-rupina .4 a rrliTivf~ 

12. lb.. higher the veItocity niI pol. time muor effemtma-e 

is thle n-nival oif materiaL.A ImIK.gjrmd gunineiiawiiit~i 

in .'4eetlmm 10.5.2. zklrds6 a striking m-vample al' this 

mnaiil animmuAnt *of AlAs 1"At tile rotating haulI .4 the 

Iumlprmvetile lovom'.-n #of imuperfect ,htoli~tiortsj Wit fieen 

ooIm-erveltoo ii ris'rmeinvoit. In roitier~tiom with the liii. 

nm-latiounship. In the .-hanulw. wheiw thor velouritv sitit 1-w anemnsmritnvuto with the 3-ia. win .hiownilwdo in 

fi. s was how, theire w" null-h evidlence id limtair. St-titmi 4.2.2 an alttamulpt was limmame tom aheterrnine the 

fa.-titoot ilime tip tar fact that IN- Iaiqumici-l miaterialI hall tjhoi .4etit elmieio -of the promjec-tile by* the rn.;I i4 a 

remincml in joiner. as shown in Swarr IUto( .4Chpter IN-I'l 'If hialht Ild:14inE aruWx Itle rniluhe and fortwoed 

10;: whetuas in the Ixee uf the Mt ile hIslikmfie'limi aol phli.tI. IALIIl iiphItti -1 iAN in-ni: WON irtCttttIttm 

mated.)a hall Itt re.nunwed Ivy the Xo'm. O imix at a pwmiarvw te.m~ . hielis es-peoi head 

hithrr vrletiit 11 Whe w~miwm 6mn~-~ eamd1 4te pemujeetile. asi Hi4 Sifwi 4.3.2LL~Nu 

minreavsing the p..wlk-r c-harge.. ornauovnl id maiterial is in%~ the tieveloopturnt of a raiite Aier maeasurirng the 

ev-e" umueffectia-e eiw.-aosthe ueat intuit tamthselttr arr-lend-m r~isi .a pmemjeile (Set-tiome 4.11). it wedi dliihasm 

been inerra,. 41 and li~lik-factiuun takes place morr' ,'.a ava-u that 9:10 Ii'nkapencixirrrqh ,.n aifter theoltart 

* 

readily. 

In gnm-ra, the Piloidum and otiojil pvtoh, tit arr rnuoret 

.4 truaei. M'-1ih-O-ieri ,uhuastogra.llim "lair at aa 

h'r.,ainx (-isrnul a ntiumbert it yeats air, it( a karg 

borani forl i the Mix striam ht-ais towto the %Irving privjr-til.erni-rfginlgfrom the nuia~uhe aMin shwowd 

shelrinal ,.tre-A (on the wall; .4- the tialu in that dirre. that ni sonaul anmisnt of gatit escapes ahitad .4 the protimma. 

Trhis effect may It- maxhifieul for litralized tiirtuu. jet-tile."'A uwivlmaito was- .evelioped low phamoolgraphaing 

lent Mo.w. Exuninatituma .f emoulel vMin havi shown Ithe gas e.a ift ieadi ol' a caliber .30 bullet when it 

tant peripheral butl gasememroerginK trutin tile ciartnulagr was itm.41 lint.. an evaritatcul chiamler.si A serie, of 

i-.iM-appeair to oitrike tImse Ismi-e arcs in a ne-arty radlial 

,Iirei-ti.n and eqkdy harkwarm. Isi~litina up in mmile 

pictu..'e wa. -nab .4~rt the butllet at vzariwai pi-sition 

in tile I -we. A~ rliums. oft gaas in advaviwe ti the buillet 

ca-es thick .lepam~its a( am-.-nreqtlten miaterinl at the 

las-altio, of the nuouth a(E the cartridsm m-A-s. liii itiiwas 

a - be.iit it was not8 possibile to tell whether 

tb.e pc; leakage. hail immurvmi at the Oulat iof travel us' 

poortanenf the themnal fa-tcrue its thi,.art- is~ldc-4-Moe-d 

in Se. tuama 13.2.&. 11w tiomnittpw f.me tlan. matelial in 

lit, 

(05 IA ,knr- **s. (Cag- moo # n~if rsp. A simevoy of the 

the Isores of Kuns% err nai always ptirdl4 to te Oi som lita-ratusrn"slmviul that snwrwarly-writmemrsmidered 

wai%. !nl the mia* m-evaeid m-ev..i' ,.ea-tinno' rat ain wis knikao-.afwoafioeIalemuiaiinant ritt-Amo-smfginernsitual. 

.hvmwing eucaggriteaI muzzle mrosirm the, tmnague hiut tile sanwi n-tvvt als) reetlr that this thearor 

1smmutiniv toonvothat fanwi,. taicunni as fross at lwal was -a truuivcmlyI ntm-ol . iil 4 1-t.helarottwntosahit" 

jet134wertfe i lxt,. wqsul out .mb...vatii.nx i4 emulell lent 

Steval~vo Acm 

101 %retll e .m1W -smlata..TMew ofa~ thle j~wuler 

x"s in a va-nt plug~. howevier, is rauhli-ally 41ifferrnt fnaw 

thaat in Mlns. m de. it i-an Ix, shauwn .that, when gas 

i1we nuerhanie-al action tomE the priltselhit %:t oim the 

lse1 ,4urfai-e 6ia aggravated b lik te pr -rA-v, id 

.:ms 1am'-4 tile lorij.ertile. it tiamiw as ibrusigh a venit 

t~mil te mjs-erv:,tiour, iiia.le mit ve-nt pump. 4mhinvial nuot he 

CONFIDYNTIAL

2141i6l1 'il the Isw oiImnI 1itLtin oof a I ltlw.ry oi X too ciopitsI (Uw% PIalet:MCNI 

snP41l% init gr,1 la-.ekare. 

Mrg Itlnall ie 1 *. it It'ianoi uiwtal rth aelus 111. Iioie tl, rtsutrisqt fl'if 1140 .1slseW t Pparst*tl141 16 

aMIIWt iMofv' CVVL-iM C-AIltj iU Allit' 1414-:16041 C resulot IN inrarking the waN 4Vu salmkgiiatlIN 

PMs fa-i. 

n4ad Istaw.. lo mfna. t 4 le"Irili:, ul'dPM61 inO hther 01111.' to israsisert alesitt osmit~ .4 iserlawn 1.1 v.5.3 

i"W as 14r uls 1-1 1t-.. s k aa eq 1146 54.4.Ir IThe amelt~ i L.5 tape215?.1 1 

4. Nutaenlimo sf lre th 

olor~i raI3UbIA Wa.hra4 away 6.rva.uuw "Im Iw~ Lr.gh 6 t4'Nliroltttr4' id a havrel is busilt oil with the reeldt 

v4seity off the r~rpunmg &:ax. Tniuut.. Pltakagr un ti-r tWtt tw hvf iscel wrookena~psi *rA O the ln4 mo b 

ceartain "44isidluitim s not13 inquiartastt 4'ato .4 E44I.III 

(rimen 155th a thiermal andal; nirqhassiral Oatapijunt. 

enioaneIM u;s the~ 010 lorrestar. withflee re.-nltont had 

vferis4 GIN 1 11li4tifl5 drcilnenii Iin .(t~iin 3.4l.. to 

31 t heoreticalItrratment e4 the pnuoflknt %ax uniat,- flace c'3s4 if learo-t nonlaeilsgini sm. iton-l"nt linters, 

taken, w4hich Aviosel what evitiesil rainflli~iino are ex. 4'xleanpio is& lthe "isto opl.ite Iferwartl ena osf the liner 

reeshI wtla ga. Lis-n eesa lm~.1 a projertile no. t1Hrogh iIm;154s 11 limtiteltiufl 4411 ther length ulglio erwt. Them' .ba 

eent." The ilanoterlif gas wn.4tiotl. acrimling to this `6 a,(4 msitigztiflg thlis effect are ile-rrnlwsJ in & *4ivi 

-4w1ULr. 6 gai~tlrot at the %tat off travel before tist 24.2. 

rotating bandro of the prisjertile ha.. ba-en ramvted. Eftd ofj "O0r..ar foc A Ir #vh w,0 Pmative. Anm @%eqjwwl. 

One of one aeliantaprur of a pre-etngnavei'd prusjarvtiie. tisent was6 raie-id fout to determine allethet the 

therefore. in that isitic uwminsmler Pis prcoosare t M 

fiiiiei to ;,tart its nwlvestit, hence them is nol CAs 

Pttew115(' evniditioti 4 a nortsal ourmface 'Sasn rated 1 

its a-f'45uu51 J.r* powde 

1415 h paau I/4. 

inieh uppjiortnity tow gas leakage lte I* defeire. X ri~ebed in Section 11.2.5. TIic nwasurrmne to did 

offuPIiP4 iOa Of OwIt" e-Twrfbumt* withf phr-unkrara, 

.waf~le5'CiI, hisvinit tifferent slcwrer" of 1p "kg 

Liven ini &(Iiab 31.4.2.'ivA 

noef ma sal appristi.aI. aliferessie betwae Ili 

fto~t vof ifa-itfials mter tnoion andf tWa sefaurfareas 

unmfrr mmliprewitn. for the roastitiuiioa of this expewi-* * 

(NewneflIux is/*C'~ In rAime Postill- dral nd meliIuIu- nwiet. flu% ever, even thousgh ther Ilia..ties were regascaliber 

Vins that were examinedl with a inierto..usit lateui @m that only a Amall anauornt of ernejon a-Rattle 

floal om~ring tf lthe baste i4irlfiee was iilsoavivol old-or take pltace. p~lastic flownat rilting aeattwared to lie this 

the osrittin of rifling."!'nTe Knatilr.. prothilor IV PAs larrihloinant facturin the mwitias. afd . ---threffort 

leakage or iilaw--bv are illstm tvid in M~rn 21a(3 "(in stt'son e'omli~eiitt was rndttered negligibe layb the 

Chaopter 10. In Minoe ca-e the hatnnel evidenmtlt alrvelicawu 

b* -enlargo,.ent 44 certain crackes by the msain 

lii'rg "ITa't Of ""'acaat melt'Ing. 

xsIIurso Of gAs. Visually, it rea1ches in tipuinommt 

ta, act like an cfau.4nn vent. 

wskith (),,UO or c.U=x 

Inth 

insx-g 

eilre~llre.a-leansnd loe-re up. 

ma y I ups~'ne the luspoltfile luetirlaifoe 

llytlrvgen. %hich it, in ulsndntls roneetituent olf 

1prwder ",ms rapidly aiffti.-ro thriotgh ,teel at high 

the pr~iqertiie i. Vami lerraliw'd -lite drrtc of gltmilte pmooreeere It is 44inciva-tels that hydn. 1cen aifif's~ing 

uae its pa4tsioin in the latta. '.Iis may la-ad tu seivere ttirifsgip hot sAee mnay rrart wtith the mi-iarme in the 

otringif thelsbwarrmrface nearuhc !2u~ckek pwositiomi AMt to) f4.'ethane. w hich, fassald exert considet. 

in Ohu virinite of the orsigin of ther bore. Eruoiun uf aisle lore-.ure within the stee. 7tbernwlYnasnsic calthis 

tyeisr 6 c.4x-mlly notrad in t55.'-mm gim.7* "I rialiti.~n' weire made in tinte" lt olefernilne if sinelhanoo 

(;zx letakisge ..wniI' ansai nuae Ie a m-4ises 4-asa....4 lm"-ehees camtd Ie* a contributing factisr its gtien eeensaun 

at !he' fo-wa-"I a,t(t ~ I'rcrh linwso. 11M. litt. P.imag. Fnsmi a Krnerast relatitmi lartween the lrrn'ýafm 

5 

ahoad 1.1 stae linei is aeff..-it'l leeV gasO ww'4,Iing 1lis sf lthe r'".0~ :1114 the fm-ac rna-rg change .4( the yetyjrpe 

f.4 ilure *ss-t-trs ra-Wiola ny in anlilo .5r ' leiarnti..fuIes, it %aA fs tunerl thmat. iflithe ga'. its aemetart with 

avsntairssng -tsllite timurs snl I. s,eo .f 11.4, or't100lS-ael.olrags~lP~-.I- Ilrt 

4I.~)amin speti tainct1 

slt'Imminu star. liia- .4 .45o, itsrn-l,. nc: tpmact se is 4 lc it( s h, ' ye4lrssgin. WIJh sutll- , ivleaeie 44 at a pre"...ru. 

1 

ern~uise i , eit I 1llug) INa' Iossr :da s-~a 1` -a 14uflh- liiner lin uexa a',' 4s 10NIatlt at li inahsl f."111 wsithIina le .ýtcrl A 

mitiga;:te-' the. Po't-st loust .1,-. uss.e tir-entu it mat rr4e. time- titia'mlslw tlre 54toont vo its-ear thans 00l C. 'Ilsa-n is 

0 

U.-NIFDENTIA

ju ifin'er e'iidelnel'. I"Purver. t. ,.e', tI, wriaar AS~gs 6I~m lhntlleCglI4IjhiC4'tv 

1 e'4-11tibliCCtC4 

tit e.1iM4 . I~sos41 gcroeioieu is, ,.arkieely Iti4-aslC 

.4o1I it n -Ii'iws 31A4.3. 

l, C44 hn , t 

S'k~jw~g~'Ik~beti~ee .m( 114'nw'i'i,'it 4of rrit'teiis Iw~tw4erl the 

,mt the' abisi i'*it aA. Ie'ICNt am. e'e"iiitl4'I4:3 '111'~ 

I1~NbPu~ati 

CC~ 4ae ~~4CRt~l~C ~1llyI.S ; jlriej-tillrw are II'e.I.1.i then it radial Iietd is 

4#14 the f( filin tMII.1e it w.'vivrs flriongleCI , tuelorn. Ils by reelheein ist- oiei ~ffig'ieit 4d hIe'Ation IN'tiver the 

tiom Sol KuZI-' in thr 'WitvalMA '.1 Ow a~%w I&1 4 ui~iii Vrn'-4witraivvI -h,111wr .5 n)i~ie'w~tile eto. 

to uli W4I4iV.1 if Cii't1,Iimtol like IN.11. i,.iulet 1116 tonrine 

Ilse, tieTien 4 dare. in attiltl'ao awn. ~eCinalotirnviu .. wttwtmifarte 

4.'ietiiiiIIC4'llure 

it'~ dwuee3lst'aki, 1C~'If the4w tha,'4t filgtt" W.11441C 111`44l1. Ca"'ial1w Ifim-ite g ien vaitworlf r 1114 *tarine'an hrcl* 

tlw ce""' i sme . thellsrv itwh wrnum'4wqr atmI qrtrlee,1#1 

!wKPI let 111-1' AI.C 4t1% 4.IWC1 ill 

414AV4 e )hweIS lsew 11w.iCk4'd eI-rernmti'tn) WAJ1* Ml""CVetl 11 

file ee44Bgilig art44113 of the Illc'ts 411, lte ,.t-el Iwneuth 

Ilet ,nitizzh. wlhe'r it otay4 

*Ilse %tit-IF of the ,tC''144-44411lin Maliteiisliilm 4h1arin 

7.:L. Ivltoo ilt row' 41.-eICscetI that tbe baeaiunaa et4te 

its vhotg11C'i1in is, ratilial c~njlpe'w44tm. AirctriW in a 't*- a 

Ilse xxvaft~t u11'flen,,:eiison eewtsollh' .sense "Unix tile~ 

uri'.ill% vdgige i'f the lanols. braiNI'e' tel tile #ie,r';rr* ee'ee 

pet^ 

A 

sa4y ti linirtlt~il ,Ivin tit the' pn+4flj'tIe'. I hiirtee lil~t-rint 

ing heisiti hall Isee'n .'npn'.i'e. the. knn.I n'-t-am t 

delit'wt~eI4t 4041 tilei Amjw elf Isuuvfirr rh~arre. '4844' Weanll 

We~ar hla, Iseen e.Iwown tit f,'e'nsig- with% ltew v'Iwrit' .4A6 

tile pnijer.tile' (14ttioon 7.4.11.9 

Sa 

soo 

p AB~tt~w jd 

Tie, radl:4 pr-*4irerC Is'tw-re't nehe p it'eife 14:1414 asul' 

Iionre imscwit4e'e fri'tivin Whirls ar,.tltst in ~hailII~eial: ent tooII 

the Isolre. aA nA.s eIe',',w in 8eri'twe 5,.2.2. 431 I4 1 

it- __ fl2 - 

eejeen. Thie naera'iom, it Aoeezqli Ise 

6v:wlnI tinet 

Inots o 

that elfso..rieilit' tree )lieft it(1CC til e i .tadllv si llC~e c14e'411 

Oicliy Aiti'rrsei l a.44:t Ils4e Iweir ua4rfavel. 'lejee maeriauleCI 

is' 11.11 r4 ,.-tish t tee II '14 ,:eallic-al AN-I, k Ineie141e.. rV4e 4 

t~m iV1 it ' is~ ba i. it is bristle.. A.fter lee', 411C9C45 )411t:141. 

ill r: 14 i4 1-fire vvitiic. 1C43Q4.4t'. (he ltirt ,,ir(:Ce'? is,( . 

:411 I41144~ dit tip. l id s e :arjI4 . 1s, 

4. . 4 ie'.ce i tswe file 14. exi~e 

ri.;s . it. I-o..ee slw~~u iie-,,.ti~4ni 'IC tr 0 4' 

a*Un.* ("t A10 CC),141-1. couev to mvI ýO e, ONe. 014eu 

I1i'~e1~4$.4441'0 . ee e l~.'e44441 4 

tisn'.- n 1.. M ai .4 1l I - - .44, m Cil io-illooC'4CIC vf l li. teios1, 

wif e I,~ byn''C Iis. II. 1' C 1w' ,e,4eI te4i,1CCSClUM 

f*. i I .. Cd1.'.m iiomseenC44(44 Oi..e Gi, 4' ill l'Jiemrr 

I.. .. o. tial-iaC 'ei. ,eg,4e as' 41* lkcI.CII. f lit i 4-..Ipetý11111;1,, ,.,.4 

all.~ele 

v~~~~ ~ ~ ~ v41CC t(44ww 

e 4~ 1 

. .1.3. , /.1. i4C) 41 " ( Si ol' 

IN.. titiiiiiz- 1-. 14-Cnncii- ~. s Ce..1lowow, if--anl.,SiI 

114 Iic111 n i hIa.a e:a i di- iioi'.A., ii&Si -evC ns' 27 1 :eetl 27. 1. CLe.I.orp'slss 

CUNVIDE'ri %I.i

tle rlentiiiiieeie ic.- Ilt-4 Of 114' lksid- l-irewemm firimeK SAEC 4110 A.Me. uhiri, ha.. 2 "..ufmPeeeteleca 'op)WYsiiiiiinrd 

te ire. eli-rea c :i- It.m en:it lViocurt 21 ci ee( ioteiii thait 40f 114ee"4 Ktin .e@ee. I horing t he ~t~te 

Cl.;.pf r it.)awee ei,'.'c iii I in~qt '4h-.n i ce .e.: nouecltip to( a licerect. collectI'.0-H.P fumlit, te'ntlxm'atuCi 

In lkvititou 13.2 the the caic rtureeejee'eatieti of flu- feernt ;y -oth' nttiemmeeeI ,. .niecAt('. hewic inewit lttlei feew 

.ete4 31 Ohe hectew eroltr , eanv ~wng String wa.. oeilvemteeeL tloor heee4'm'.I Lavvr t', Oom Inw the Ow q fif wmar~ ntl in, 

'11tiot 4eiangt' is %-Ml jiii~lratliti i f 't%~itel %.it ite fie n'eI. I,.'ie'ae 4e tlee 'Jeeetuw-of tee tran4-inctati on. 

411ee.tleem tof cnuptiuix. Tviecn-olior~:re iteeni elrenietmtA An (-too hee oce'm' freeme Firmen 9. tvane4ioorn.atiiefl 4oct" 

nceide ecet Iecrn'e4. JurIioi IWititC Nt".1 4 ridptel firIe' . itee- te even Iaivotin ialmoeee thise itempiogrrtuet- tmatil w-enei'2 

ipotketl uittl :-.4eS'e dai:,ta cFitten' 'I iii'lievtt' that the. etmgeenoshae lre' e-lag~c awl 11"u proeuImo -bI (re 

attttetie ludc IioI u 61Ute lt tiseM' lti Ii'tpoi-,cwiiI, Hmlot-tt OtNl Iae'twei'n fitm-ew f.a.. Lot. 

)iwaxing 6i lwiriievrl too he. a w mI ploornmuteinJ 

licit jito effmtoc are nest alwaysr..m'itent in woroj'L-tet.d 

0ititm loveutiolo tis(I. rrecn-ow~al ebym':I powck-r pa 

Descign of Caft BOs 

'The .Ieirign t4 lthe Xtin heen. . wuell sofel! the peojeetile. 

i importaq1nt in itele'lnisngfa the .'tteee thut ise 

in 4ml.'r Ite iiinxi-te -pin tco tie. proem'tile To-t it*. pren 

evoore nietifi thlast gtitue art'e,4tnwteerclly weak feaem the 

Very' eetart i4 thoeir loo emirra. eel the 14ietaiLitiotl U( 

Otlt'epeeee. vianeisa.. ewc.iturait,.e mtin .u eleiCMg tof the 

bomhac. me Iwo" arieteywl nagotm ecin. wolCto noint igtca e0. 

eeeeh a- I i-eewneet aeermi'm am tow ed ikiiott'4ife as e 

"I loitli'. ine S. rstieee 23.2.1294j 211,41 

L______ 

os CRACKING; OY TIME BORE SURFACE 

us 

Intromlueto 

-. """'~~ (kenmlaII tle ioeee-t 4seleeee,me esurface fe~ture eel ero. 

dedm lemert. i'e the ewmckem appwraritfe. Crackse are not 

jia-. ""~'o LAUD 

elyv 4alL o-wýf opeelein nwo wec ther .- eslEy an efefrt 

Fi.aveuO. ~ . d fertoopieen. Their relative iinpecotance with rc-pert to 

ineodtt 0ae , f arn'14 N'... I v- . ii~ (.i tao eausmee anti effert ise not knoawn. It noot be corrertir 

rneeece Itroi'cte cecil. .'ece~ceiee' e'.eleee I-Afte.ter. ptatet], heeA(tmr. thatthyiaea om:nroeo. 

JýX. e~e.tu. er.e''eeIacF~a"eCceNllc lieratie. of the rotiiipleec natove of its rate, mrcking is 

Iteiceci Nev. A-44W. ttretet here in a 'eparntecetivon. It is descriloed first 

ripidly firedl reecoede eleriiig lthe hail part eel' a lesee',t. 

a, a facteor in .aitiing eroe.-ioef. Tic. lorenltiecee of the 

ez...L,c ice then teh~ikje'e..e. 'ilie ieice;epie'nt of "ftaict 

The ,.t'eh ce:ei in ltie. .. rt jiomr~itiie e'.ecditieen \%he" 

~e jrelto the ieee riet ofl time lin. jecier anoti was 

tYpet. eelrrek ptl:ttrnmiisdle-rnlimd and i llxectrated in 

,Setlen 10 ýA. 

ea-dhv i.'lgiere flge 10 Woon, Lnl eof a nieloerine 

gian haurrdie:. tech ci. cern the etite liel :9 n t reemegh. 

lit thle' earlY ripeeteel.-if eeWsieer~ a leardeicn'ei .erifue Aid to Fxfoticion 

lae'er to~iy G~leefere imdtctneeir elireg I 'eh o ecCi mo 

See ling i-p-le at Aol~c i 2701 tee 3110i C. the' 

oy~t- POWDtERr (* %1 

at "et. nh urimv ' itc Figc e lie.) te'mje'qt :1 lef IV-11:1,4 cc :vi lt' if it hallc fieo othe ieeffm'et. tile. evrei-iniz of the 

r.Igr tef the i-thertmiccece I r:,n-fceieetietmt ei'agramec fccr ieeere. ieeefave %%mield inc ceasee the rate of pe-ceckr ps~ 

CON IDI~NTI %L

4:RCtkm'; 91V THK IU I RVC 

41111 'iIV lylsc'rasa..v a.. list, in M4c erftssi fair I'Milt :itcinrtisn 'if tin ben .asr rfcave affect ltse metre.0.. 

n-act is i. 11ae1cm 141titeeiilrsn.t sirck. .* -stcIt n, stineesl a vo s mtrain IVL6tiit'li~ipt4 ic tilt oitrlave ataCr. Thc voamlaesa 

flme tit' 41tie1hialipg XV4 anwl ni1%.v )*mlw ~e vi.Irgin; iticn"me. Aartomupan.*inl5the inve-.iuse tie coiptenite wits 

tis the ewletat that tuekW.Ja.m, 6.6 l-a nAp aiM1 "c. da&Iaz valilasti~t frsipt zxruv lata totervi s lvil Iota mesrface.. to 

" 5 "wir v"3Y 81-7411 a,-.'-th in -Secrtion 13.4. 1. he three perrrent. '-*TNP n-.nlin-, .n etotiMsso 

'I. n'smI'Ia sorus S-fa.itev. (nukuegn i4t( lth prolisiril ' ri-m-e pla.t ir* ulcft.nnat ismo rat ht" than crark. 

4I-.11"Initi51 plate is, thIe tinlc-rlvj,,g raisc. s4 fNaicn. in ini.t we~s-rs~is. honvti-ier. msay irt--ilt wahen the 

platem itt 336 al~l-u t Iotirttl'.a A4 tioins Walk to( tle aetoemiit i.- tranmfoirus~vl tit u bisttle nout- 

21.1.2.1. (hr. kmacn"ali csVe 'n firing "14iti-osdi 6a.i inert tenit ir layer sihoritg lthe rapil rosoeljioKb livthe moasto 4of 

ho ehenewa attack. A 'mmoinsutuects c-irtinit sit this tile plot vstew Iteew-ol, it.'" lie tlae tMmeo Shin " 

nmo q-,l prilesyt.. se4 lo'Ans- In..,, vlooritot tvcsu1jis mias. t66~ tylle 44 Layer iL. p~reoset lu-foa csre CO emeec,. 

%titis tile psilieler 1M.4"' 3I116solgh it slW- ite. ntunless ,sive "Moenal. It ise harder loot 14 - ducatile' than either 

thick ceanuttb. as invnli.eai.l in:44ri~s,' :132.3I. p;wawevlt nus~tnscit' star thle toririeally wssrhitic otee anti raN,.. 

ttlniaenss alter..cti~sn Of Ilov cr-. Wlicni tilt- 4chnsumitussc qswntly is moe asn' ruily fractuedrcmloIy Oxe inmilact of the 

plate i!a ri-ckedtitcle Isa t'rinx ires-'c, lcw'.er. thle ~njii 

pemwclcr gca~s havae arct., tos Ihl c~ls'le n Ivtel unit Thes thin. contal~e. sinster white laver. tliscaised at 

cliensival rieatiomns take p~cer. ,Ix-tiail* if the m.erl Ivlgths in Chiapter 12. is partially liquefied during 

i6 in the ausscnitic coola~ltioin at the tintol.'"' Thes firing. It ev~ai~stas ut snaterial,6oemlay slighatly subject to 

-tvrl iss rr~ilcc from loontrath therin-msciman IeLsats. aissi tt..flinfuiitbioi *tlotawet. O tt eisoilica, it is Iseitlle and 

tilt- Litter. sti cmnaerntitioruL 6~ r-a.-ily reanciveel. temi'4ifl tia'k.4 foorin isa it whrlic are elowsly in line with 

tile c-racko in tike otel iwia:.la live liqucefied material 

STaLSS Fitasotow basvmsI.1 

The eviileiae which taaI!oc%,a senits to show that, 

Pitting od the bump warfare (wca.-ima~ily tteoultvi mviz thaceeglt the~ thcercaal anal tran~aoe'aealtin aetw%.m 

when craeks interaiet Ian4 somali Ihlsovk-s ci i'lietul are titay lieso( ea int itapsalance. Iseait alone is ins.ufficient 

torn aw-Ay. A ssrieta.. typ.tb. slendaage wiicch ftr. ts low lisethe type of( cracking referredl to au "heat 

tcenately is not milnmum is tofl typs o(f gquin, i- shrear. checking," 

ins of tiae lands. In mosame Irally .trained gain-. crackso 

whih artatthegmtise ct. iay ure iitlerth S~tarsor 

6gM.. riwm 

THEiWaL 

loiath psitle.. anal evarnesmzrhlv 

SitocK 

nivirt. 

air 

whem. 

ELZCMhOX 

qatta % holeis eetitons uofaq almt.nay be renitveil.:li 

A sitaey- or the efferts. or thermial 

2111.93 

Phocrk was made 

Catooes of Craekings by asubjierting gun seteel specintaut lito electron hoarn. 

THERMA arngu. Txv&Yaxsroe ag.vr S~rsr hartinsent in tilt- pre-ctice of lthe inert gas argon, arcordiig 

t) t ire procedusre devwr lccd in Sem itoam 11.3.2.101 

aEhirng the firing of a gron. theis diff~rciatially nan. Addlitional excperimencitatioin was carried out with ni. 

fined Wisir surface isroh4exeli~cel tit vsilasiuc iha~ngrc-elce treagrn or rarheati nioncixicle usclntitmced for argon. 

to rapid. heating and esseliag anal toe the thernial Nclt~ills~griaihc se utitsinutiein shotwed that thernial altram4orniationursf 

ea.e 1 3 - 2 .3l).TIlase -tcsltisag terzatisin hail taken place; furthsermore. analys~is by 

mstnis act up~ it% the rurfacrhcrcr mnar lierelit'eaiimy elet-trten tiffraction Atowed thcat atistenite was pres. 

cracking. The teran -heat chcrkiscg -Ihus bteen s:,!- -- t inc uld~itin too fenrite."'1 Cracking It: I occurred 

ployced" to describe ths- Ene cmrakm sv'tviv seca in lite onlY o 'cinsccco Iovr that ha~d besen boiniclj.edd in nitroportitins 

of erodes! guen Ip~n's whesre nse luctera than in- Kral. hasit in no ca--e was the c-rick pattern identical 

ci;,itlit mcelting Of them,:rac iju.' tiasIke'n plalie. since 'aithI th~at ielp.ered nc'ic erdeeli rttia boasce. Thisevidence 

tlcenciallY iiiies te.a.c Ioc ivNp~sts..t lt tca l t si hinvA thiat "hecat clcskitig- 6 notl a characteribtic 

thi,,yp IYJr ofhAllow eraXcLimc. tifec-(t sa( taerinasl %)lock alone. 

Not "1iYlsithe volunie a-I .ac tossent if niI eI aiewe hlct 

ii... thei change in csis'Uc'--.ai prci 1M.i"~ ntIlting Co~olsws OV CRACKIeNG or Tastr SosvmI:nms 

Me..1Iciaitsy Cý,ra-,mscia. Ill bS N IltCi.' lice rt',ist azce oif uivctals tac cri.ckiiig."5 'I lie pcclihed 

COJNFIDENTIAL 

OVA.

,girfau.' 4u a hleieek e tlt-' toij-tui toe ja- It,-tel wa~q. r%- -11ivqn ('eeeeu Ji 4~t*im. letvo Itsomuuluswtro t.I;utviuwiut. 

i *1M.1 tee: 4. "tflntut .el u0eder %a-p int a *umlexu e i hi~met jwie~ .iesl'flieel that lwuiror-kitsig" ise setil pnmikucT4 

vi".ei. 4-c~ruilsoeil it% -- i-tieiui 111.2.1. 11iow ,urfart- w~a. ,eieiclv 1ev Itiwnnal 01mick. 

11141eu r-luilavoi 11gueler au Issirtip"fo.ew 

.efutieeewo enfl* soil"lnqi. lit a.1ebjifil t~ m ark a rpafl1 

soeuauilar too lise m aIe4:ulG' "h@et vhweLin~-ill tereieiuut 1-ini atiel Imut -dierkug -vrr termsL' 1-1e ti'o "k 

Winim manwo finu.IISI toe Aa.ti iegs AMie ý1ttiuueiu% of tue. 

piumulvr . lwwtw IPAt rkew htail firept routew in nentart 

sot-i... tilt-~ireeiiet ie~t 

Imen, in n ici lemd "'u I nwee.4 t 

:t e llo l 

"e IVA uteat erelrl; 

Wtue in u 

the 

it~i it mwel mlithe m.ieuroiv- firnpt~ lte 1wrnigmn'i -4iolwrs. Littcr 6. eteerilavet it(e u the' pAttult. weahrsose thw tue.- 

Otfl'win." lie46. t'vior 4t fir~itekaie eAa.e 1ut4t (eeg11gl u.11 ill "1r 4"91ee-4 giece, thle ulimminug c it glue. itis if the rot1- 

loph-ossinPool~opri. tom 6y Iregew4nrtuueet OawL rim~moof 20;hirilwool. in Sue~iiuueeeei 

uew~yiuhnnm 

. t~l itoo 141.21nde eclie... it in Fwifrue Itid eel I eape O.' 

*. .4.- 

soC 

O2l.,ot.tge.v.eiugI e~.Ie.uu e 

Peesueg ~ ~ ~ 43u.gmtu ~ ~ ~..ief ~ t ~ ~ a in. ("."I- eeneCe -IN'" 'd Ivisrim ttX'a 

01'. A-iu Impmla 

lit lips, t.eM.uecee.4 it... -..sU1,.4 eit..e-afiiiegW. uem..1fl 

mlel""--%.. it...-m.k..b er., i. " onflue..tm le 1-4 .eIw orkso. 

".NX. eThe. flmgin' 1-.. gg-p .elmn- - Fleguf. MtA' cin X iIWI Snev tle ijor 44 isk tilue t.~4 %e rmelkilla has' MAu x'Tt 

W~ipow Not. A-44Et.1 fea-ual. lthe 1w ill tie. test"n gueluluirnti is pn~rr6ýilue in 

11w fine mru.k ,v-tmtu elu6i fuel ui.:eu-ur 

that it thoot. toel implY a nu1ow. 

1uu1Mulady le. ietYut lie-i, ieueuaioenstl alptive. u12u1ucli, ti.:. t lii 

Iits lim- ea-2ir 4 uuC'diiII .k yet it %%;u.. etugeenu1tY I ut- iuen i-e'e rail. euuil t... a eqnsihlu.;tilwit e)f t hrmfueal 

I0A t lipte h lermual t nuuude rgu~tieutt'. utlejlic. he ct gveeu. :11I u.ie-mlceeiee tctee i.e ini agmvtupnit %ith ith.ie' ureuuilte 

ueeeg1i. node lee- dir' seeeie eramwc ieC u-rtkiuug(. '414ee. tile. eof III,- for~il.eeiii 111veiuge~eCee 

i luint-". 

tllert' oliel foodt .etl muotif ,ft-'r mwe'erae ririuiK... 'I'leiec cel. iiilie th .,et ' ti-Iln guee.noutwi 41tie'.'riw in 

maee ue wal t hae i m:g eee %it :i mpguiru'l tier o.illicif-uit (lali~gtur t5, No. taiel'lieeg naolueue-ero ulnt al.* .. euaill 

0lueifaiui:41i atei.ticeite 

411110~:11. 

ai ul ee i itil Ite-ruleatie eu eel 111t. 11eeeeeetr~ u e' r -,czu"i %itll% aee~.-ii 1 itir:Ileh 

gl-ieiutt:, Airterimi~ t-keI Am-e, its the' fiet ruoetuoel. TIle. 

11:1 e 'iceat -t ii'.Lec i.e:e,-u io. :1 .emoe ieju,;e .ou eef e vee ail cI..cg oir lititgi e.~. er w letie l te tu g.'c.t-~tiefr 

tlcereeclai jeect iieuei.'e -ete . Tlic l e:egý icuet tie, eleu. ice' ,tcmliccc' i 1c,.Iec,Iete ei..uI cifiu firilic~.':11k 6!~ 

dik 

CONVID VI'l U 

4f

a~~~~~~im.13 

~ ~ ~~ . .. . ...... t-X.21MatVil ovip.Anwjtns 

the t%~lt am3rie 4e hnta sh-ignm 

-%tillm inlienteni 41t(4 ltn the ,4 iriav4IM t %ghic itend.,ie Ill tes tWtv 

4-ne 

(II'AW itsel'f Woot., tdol"iii. fomlaw Amnuitl. iot lefivla li":all jmheisiitiieti~o.uwimtrell 

wiillt 11giii,i~athicn h, 

maul lwuntmwitiwi .inI 4,'nwkj in guns 

Stn,,s II ut,:ua,. a rsnlt 4. flipie 

, at,.l:,io-l ý4 r4cs4' imllesl-.41 by re'- 

rTwiot ma:1rk,.-hv Invivrle, q.toindgIr,'q as cvateim tif Ilia sttu fi woaing .it( the noaingi luttio6l oer o(I the pris. 

rmlaekhinL ill glit tialm.'%. Ii.'ti flungr ý r-I n"esureaiptlwiei. 

mto uflid It i ' e their iantlecrt~atiu have~t lietiit raim.4tj 

jet1 i"li, ttht.'iselv. l'jnI pI4%tst~tr. utand letmitier $C1.1 

l)ien-.irt'. toll (of ihit-h otn-1,('t:'t ii Sectt 13.4. 

in thait tier'ue-a mn n eitt llme metIto, in motihtl Veins I'.ugitýinvp man,*.an:prck.. -tre fieiun, at platels 

t liuti Ilhere oliw tunil uiarks to Al .uirt %ith1 "I.'' mil when. there were ,.tro miuemt 'lit' imitt owiiethimline 

mittrk.- ;1ter tfittnctw . Ii-owe.ver. anil a- ~iirh, most grw'.'ive tn .litia:,ge toosr H,. eep1 tnack. at thia 

fif,,:e ile ilit iu timl :111(i oiguect smn ,if 4.r-.%i'k-to gnrimw fille't- t. niIIt iliru~igiei 4f flip' c'.enit i.I' prngror- 

Almoin in Iimtuit' I I.'" Cliii figuire i.- :iI-i a gioli. ii. i%-(- ,. rt..-I:.sta'ge i. 4liwt 94 Iiitn toFm 13, 'Iiell n-p- 

I 9icll'.19,91 ill hle S144 ait till hIom- ,.iiifa.84 :,I1.1 ill.- 14l1he 111iM. It vi roitioit i rf9 tir 1 I lt%.4 tfl99sg .inI the lamilt. 

ftlteii-ti -racingIhf. liii, m tIel 1' 9:1114 i f faiuiiiic.i '114 vliet'-liii 41i pvtogror.-iie st'tie...l~ilage inl a 1t1491141ler 

gu.Illacl u24' ;)1 a ilnty 1. '11 1" l~ ~h-g'.iisri:, *.1 ,tiIT,'nlnf uin-ItgVi hle. !1 t' mm* - 

%iiiii the ~ruli'dr ga.-4. mid1. [i.m. "Mf~4Ie I"4.1 1I';i9 allc ' Ii..... f-i, the. 7ii-ioiti Vlor. MI L-`'h 

CON vil)ENnFAll. 

Al a a as *

PART IV 

EROSIVE .ACTIONY OF I'ROI'ELLAN73 

k CONVII)EN'TIAL 

-King 14wam IV" 

do

EFFEC.1S OF C0N.NM'I'I'UNTrs or THE I'W)I.;SSON GUN STEEL. 

NJ l~N'TRODI)LUCTION i4 lL'3% lu Inv"i~ nvrtligitalv imivio'wiauli' doisverm 

rtINVVIMnIaTIG 

in* v.afr43p ..wm snaia In Wise 131 "tio1itlilIelti, ('in. 

ufam glcwriiwlovoi in~j this riilte'3 ~~lk s Wais lim #on1 II pariiI'til'I ellh'twt. louch mso 

IilulatielYf to-I' I'. -iti WVI . .131"i V mriso... so.lvug,' ow -solfto,, ~I'All& 111 WP3E., IWe41 

.4f 11w' nliatsre to( mooledi lain- uiirfavot i'w .la',s'lul . in1 eteil 4,k11ivl'1. wiis (mwJ~h (ta Plw uakismp~. ar 

P:Ill. last1 344'fl 133t113414'q all 114lit, 111444' fiI' ,lot -4le g-l'Tatit. Itoiftiia rwi.w tile 3,.iintr rmt'ii.4fielti ..3wh no 

ia farthe.r lmrnrwut-. It *a.t Iviisu.. that ihi't triesilil 4-111. iawti.:oalaltgt :31141 113110i41 vi(*fl j~lm.4-tkt ami well .1 water' 

*'it.Lelho1wrl 8rluinair nile I hag 41 .-ii' hforti f 'ill- hti t:iIPiY. 3 l~lvil 'AM, 111111 il1114-11%6I'4 i4'34 i-itiaft'iI tilait' 

t"I.4'. lixfIi lvj.:ui it oii -t -~l~o43r it3 Old 3'll' ivorti' 33 si it( mi'tlihiii' frirtpisi iJl a1 Kim'I cquarup. E1491 ,f ini -.,,ah 

i31.w3.itiostiis faiori'tl rp'-iiilll t :11 I II i lf'4t *eri~'tgifl amo i'ftiel odfooar ~in4 t ile 66- i1'losw-fri3'ii dw311 of he 

I11-0111' thAl ,qgel .1316141" 34%041141 jgltilil':Ie the inllaiwt'e rilimetistowiij th tiii 0wulfiw x~4II lflt"iille"lI the. *lusimi 

in uiell I(11 11w i11mbol;KiwImf 4of Jill qslaiit. then1 Iin il.m.l 

mought la- 11140511111 . i1'hlall. iiily inl a3 m~ilior sl',i44et. 

t ioll f tile' pffevvt'.i tae 84' solwr t1(11 s4 4)lf Ilhl'k 

Jw~~'.ganimii4. ~w'loss- imtin 113 itrafle iandi c'iiari'ii. tts 

in 11311( t43 miialf'JI 9113m" . 

The ~ltti~lj.n'haive wit4 ll'lii.,l..tr~atel~ tilat tile 

Whhir i'imlne Itlluislon was. glove". 

111t' t4'a116'Iil1i fairtiso' ilist 3i14iEf ramw o xlim (Itaritic 

to(~ MM iitd iii l'als IN'-1:3 ItartiJi ily imini-141 fly :1144 divi'r jiilf,1n'&tiills witlh iii loot fal'411% are1 -t4insa 

orwtiwl mahlwioat'21nw oi4 til w' pmt'lh psimtkolt. lit. itsuariztl in (hulper 13I. A1 gisi nlany *4 tlr rumhbso 

%ls'ud uthey htaate 401rimallet.'u (1 tile evidiellu' -,lrimit[% ,iooot ii-mn'nitil timis1 upi erived''ifti pm 4il' ttlefglth. * 

jw'e.urte-oitl in (Italiter 12 filiat mriarwrizatjiiH. toiitlia. l'usipl Joy tile' n''llfs or site ialmove e'xMimimeieiof. A cm-i 

tism. nit rwidiu. mis'fiois-iiw mi lftir jrxi.e. tor iwi~ildiv erji n.Vii'W lt sill' n-.41It4tfoiit~t off".i~it~l intiw 

.Iitcq't Iri'itlail 4f minl .1' a vlatI~lt. l .114' 1liiili like Iliruvl iatl musay 4l'l~ tiif misk,g-iiiwile (4itll" or the 

inin curtain , yi. jpt'4Illt Jaimi-iit itsituiri'iillllailol' l t 

iffi. ". ll'til-11 ifo tl srlelawI ills i4I~ ifl Ivi111 lt ke1d( eonl 1w 

mwili"y uif a '14 INTh l'Ihifh r issil tit lop44' 3l1"34 lu a rel tilij,... ll'iltq~ii ~t 1 ift Itil risl-.er iftlilet iarl'Yii afl aif teinip 

II t'ic 'vI Ideviuii.3 1 ltume , v'i illwlr31:t i~li'1 vi3'.14tie't. fli 141ji1lm f 1'rililwr 43%'r i 135i' 3111''talill 

Tal Amptire moirlitsviiul haveil I 83ff41311' iii 311411'14 I' 4i , lliltll' lit I ofI alas lliitkvI st'eit p~~rl if, 31i1 113'a toic lit-ll 

lailmoratiuifl irn'3: jitiv- Iim idaiii plll tit soe '~llif33a~ - t'he owilid n ih tr l~Iaosl~l m isint-oia.Il~lla it. -l'IeIT'a 401-friil it 

In the fine Kf1illis tilie ilildiviitaul' 4111,61wif 0.:' ~.. a 1IKI1 i..'4 vel4ry' 'li' 'fif 'f1511 water~gi'f' or3441. 

111tait P149 %3%Pre11 13M'I; ill t114-4'011ii-r fill-' IMM'Ib'r 3.,415 w-% a11ll Ijiividialu V.31tif-itlei'a 4f lb. Ixllti-tr rpm i".ae 

%vmllipti ~ imln-ieY"lir tilvolist, f ise1 imrll' cint4 tisii ir of nicre~ll isi inirm1 Ii~t (':iist'll lt'a 

ti'lge parl,11ic lill mi * .iiii' foss* .r ~a-' hdy il itile f it,. nir ma 411tl~lv-W (t.v Isrl-4 aIbe I v~ir. t~l( vielaut 

laterr~~e it-w ri tl' htre w rie milaove4-l-pasg fit af~lf iia p.f iisi' jil' If14 rii ve ilm~ii k.4e vlmolr( 41 

ditions 6 he ;tnw m~r of m nille a tht vm~l 1, 

'lorml~lmvil 

aý- ia hve t( il- loint- ooilr ri4- leivilrim nt-kllprIIImS, 

0Nvt ti. il 04 

Ki 0-..1m 0o viv 111A 0%ll l l 

B1411-il

I. .ri"- 4"".. 1:,:I lw4Ieflp 4.tnn 141 41 ,.ielfim. Iargl i ito( r .1 fli i.;nin rmn~i thip nalpho top t#-, r~ansnas phame 

I'vestnI in th~e Mark iomd~n~r. ,--'.thc,.e rn 

ManY .4f the ra-mriie'e. *c.1tidet. atiud l~ flip' tI.e n-r 

cllew. nit thake pla~cei -Arhe firrqI -ingle--.hro with the 

INecm' at Aal*"iist telupfrmtuerer. The~v411v, any ratters. 

!i1n vrhocitk'.. :ir .fte'.'.Jy f~c-..ntmI 1ev ieev"t1*i11i thec o.ive penetrAtitin a,1 rzarlmen into* the -4t-cI ioe .sn~iloaIy.0 

tw1m"511"t. awl ha-.!,AL M- '~ .4# thrpot I 1 4 1w In frimpoof hInger Pwsre . tbwmaskinmeisw im 

3awe,w~ mu 

nlut ' IwlI "irnot e~:citnit:itte 04,111. fte tlw iniit lirviiglit eec, in Seretiieen IT=L 

1 Cakulit'.ati showed 

t hat it ma-~ e'ither N ieit (A'v ocr ii,,.irst'I' V th flpPol) .. 11int tenIwniurc.e. nre l t e .e1ireWtIft. t ,'sgnifirsnt 

pl.tjtinti~, 4- roo.derrg~wL~ i. wtirthor oef ..,i-wi~i. tie fi l nt- nlvilh . fIveriainotg its vatcn up t~i 90Ovnm Nice, 

attica. litowever. there aure a-inm.. rf.,iioen-. like the reunkl lie riniiilate'el in ..Jit:4Iiv prebroattwI cahi~er .30 

feariaiiii.cuc cc! 6%m nuifriok awl. the .e4uislov Frig).to adw bairia 

Fee~4im. amil p..e.y the p.uitowii-otoof 6w hsa o .elootiosy. 

that atee v-trt-nid' f:a,.ftpeI- 1. vini tt-nilwanitrrlt . 

Nrrhrr* the m.ilcs-tititio .(I , new pn.~elovlano titcc 

iija Summary of Recent Re"sutas 

lanerr ltivew frlinpern lteirw hut itith iieointliotirril iin- rzloorimtietue vith preheate~d carifier 30 barrelst 

Petti. l.. ccocminiple. tho.,4.4o allraniteandi~ ItI)X pom. o.h.,wewl the:it raerfaiin froin, proppellant pace.o can Patne. 

4*prio h."ilc h6411Ird tic :1 cnifi~ti.'".4 .vre.io-n. qtdwiri tritie the lsirtc '.arfaue eel a grai to a nuirkn'i de~re~e in 

'if the ee.i.-pne-. .-V4,4,11 ..f tlie ItlDX pciw~lera tire two wnmseg. At. the i~en~einiate sir~are thcemare carbon 

de~sorihlee in Mlare r IS. 71W. 'iKit rni~tekfle,,ttecn 44 emmipoisnan.1e e. irvon mrsI pocscibly other renetienta; formthe 

ohler. out: wloril pe..gse4an* i,c 416ireeuisoo. (Leihe.r ia .L Delon: Ih. I~ stmrf~iee layvese~a rbou penetrates into 

Seetiiiii WSA thesteelal *17iise chr ,tiotericchies were fouind cvcn after 

firing a seingle. nornnd in tinpritofed preheated caliber 

"O RVACTION OF CHRION' G.AsSý! WITII 

.30 larirook 

rdt6Us (UMPIMMI/a. Te aVMrae 00ontent 0( prO. 

GUN STEEL peflaost oaution in flt- rveation productits ie-v . tisgy 

MAS Introoduation indepetnsdent of the Ixcrreecrfsace trmopriifiafue and of 

Prieneiitrataenocarlmon intern floe heerto oinr(:ure 4,1 4ioat 

the nurnber of( rvatinebe. The distribution of the propellant 

rarbotn within this layer i6 affected by the 

in both the ,.ern oaf the fterniati4.n 4.f crurieme e..eni. Isrep-oiarfret tenip(.ratlire, for exrample. the carbon 

poucnd6 anol the Penetraution of li %tre stee ' v lie a "#nent ;?( the paert (of the layer neare.-t the surface 

factor in oro-ioni. Ther oneltingc po~int #if the m'irfawe iecretqca with inr.ent';ng bore-.rnerfarr tempee..eluure. 

mateorial nue Is le letwrol fnoo 14.54 r itu 1135 C Ihy A latrt imilar finttire within theLzyro~rnfaction prodthe 

p v -4imf .4 .3c-C e-l rerlmon. t- homenw in Sctiion cart, ise the itnivencail occurrence, in these experinfoents, 

13.3.2. In eou;..e expereinieneots iii. a rif.lebarreI thi. of a sialttrfatrfe layer montaining moret propellant car. 

amnoint of carbiee wa,. ertwrseall in neurl *v aieI va-e Ieen than a layer nevirer to the tairf'are that is often 

close, to the micrf.-ce and nearth direligin isf rifling." :,Iesis'et d~vvniel cel e'a-loo. Thix iA in accord with the 

Pri-rnioes i-irtsan analY-eccc' ""'ar inatvyvlesjiniI :4.1 

interpre~tntieena 6ois ~alifraedI.tel., thr ilI.4 II minpIreilt'y 

aincILar .tnictnrr of the Liver eel reartion prtoohicts 

,hcknorlicaI licow ugnel the louttoin of thi.s lueirie.d, cr.r 

cratiled luirrr{ in a leech the niledl e:irleooi nuvistY h e 6ni-crh laever -4vim- tot (it-fie the lontind~ary betneen 

enlelv mrataineeal in cle n u a teruIa filfing thIe nueittifjn pro shets anud ,.trvl. 

e~qten-i%'~-4r f.-ism~ ec ia ehe-i.rilivul in Sco-titn 'Ilie lhirktive''s ai the ':iyrr at( reartiton pnitlueetse, for 

12 4.1.;m :eoalmoinE flt- lxire ,f.e Iimll .~er to mr. it ;ngle riptinel. is alni),f~ iecelejo-endcnt eif the boore.s-4iet 

lhe fan-Wi nl Girthel.e it .':i .' el)14,4l nvrp-a rv to oneface tme)4'rac tI 0. 14:4r1 ieidare tic-r the arigin of 

Ilmvelfop :1 tr'.hae1iq e v liens-i01tIhe lirt4-.nre 41 pri,. rilling. I'lie fthivk or- oif this la% cr waus incret ,Ml .1pi 

jMiml1ull r:.rl-.n in 6~yit vr -. ' in friction- ;fl jorarihly v1. firinat nm(re rvetentli. 

inutm w,l he4 defIi4tCl mid~ 1114:t-tirtIl. It I.felt .AIl:4Ir haiao(Im.lie~llat 4 1 

4:mi4'4m :1. inl)wrt.i~t cha~nge 

tha~t a teotiin .low:ild h~e i-,rn(1 trousl I)Io)I I. the vifvvt in the varheloo mnertte, l ipf the rvtieeoi pnotisimA cttoul 

,of :a iii-gle4 1011114 ill an mntpr..dee Ni:rrel. Itl)X Islwei%14r Yiel'cI re-:uvtiq'n li.ýslts tha&tcon 

(;~aI, if.I . theIn.i. .h I..re'-orfaue te-mier. tfmieees iitaelo It-s va:rlm-t thean the Iprit,14et~s frnitl[-l I.il 

:et1erp ,(f a e-ciw.er :11 'iar.ivi iltIivattml that ivii r;:ti... :an~- at hi Naem, Is-,, e.,rfaee' tconlrie-:t4re. Thei 

CONVIIA:NTI %L

SW rV111111i"1, *rk % 41;S SW.t.a4 %riM 41141 rt.'L 

oise~blrack nalitsmim. ait ii.'titdt :tt vs'rv 'a Oulii'aith ti. I iejhi w'tiwl~ th-111 :itn~ljv,.i4i nl theoenler in %michic the 

tiawaraL' the' 11ntizle. isy e.1,111arim-f~ia nilt Ia %I iI! [No%%:-ama wm ctawaas'.~isa 

wie'll wi th the clj't nimuiler. 

The avera'age. traimient to( laaits'ix-fattl en:ritsstv mat- Iiiainsi e4'arlso in th lamlave'r mid reac'tion proeltaeta. 

imrmgin.al e'.'rluntsn amaoil' 4f tlist- testm ets miel prodiier at 1le 11P 1-11 'cm O thf w 'fm~r.ts 4 rentet ate linto two 

gthe pationa fl:11% o rolwneiteo in O th hisp all roolatdo pasrt's, do-sipth ttoo r . fhevasiherasibesi.* tol 

prothimisaw l~aa the' iaarmnilmacitin~ of trarhlmatv a isaoe're'ffmm t~o Ive the' prw',.-'n os.-f .1nomaarhomn coinsipatind wrV73ttt 

mot the arnie s'aitM' As( tie chentis'i altt'rm.tiin o(f the inKc tie tws it zmmnc. 'ville'nme' (for tile e~xL'true', (of this 

iustri simrfaree; in fact. with t iottlk-lmwse Iyovkaeiir it IIIgmearso 

to ise' aIst a very tianinr rousie. 

ata'oaratitift flih iss limmane in time teamban iae'ne'trtioal 

eumrave's. In oithemr wormk t (in time nature eaf the rea~ction 

Pm'enertinm m into the' .'4r1r. There ism le'r little Ilm'n- iortwltwt-14m so loach tiC -tfeml exivilivo'e too this gatseat fmmr 

ertat at off issau anto the sitrel belmaw at gaa'mk Ia."r' a singls-Ilment'iswelp'r, the nktate intL the easeapoteaenl 

useaiorae tenhllw'rtaame ofi ala-isca 'Wil C". .Aiowt thi. fin)- antil the earoler muff "r corriewurmare on. - the oamme eypenrateare 

the dlepth At eetfrat' i ontttaf jne'rmralla', rapidhly swcli tha~t in thics case thecre wrats evidme'nce fear the for-0 

anael tLL teatral iantatintnt oif ciralsior -lint luax s t-etre-te'd am~atien 4ifa thin fitan mafa rompexa~i' e'irnide. *I'e cov.erinvira-" 

manifaurnily with iurra'r'miamK teaniria-.atame. In 

ltie malilver .31 Imra're' the're .ats aIN) e'jide'nma ci Alleoniausz 

saf niagnetife n~at puarticumlarly a fe'nttirlt Aff highly 

limate'q I.1scisaina a aeterenaae in Itzrarleson reotfent (If tile 

eurrat ion into the steel beyonil 20) ralil sarat fiaruaronit ait amsimlriate ,ii-arfae' withi intfa'nu ing initial teamllulieratmare 

tihe origin of riffing.. eat the Im'iaseataedl iaemrr6 im. inilie'ati.sef timefeammantiom 

AchsanimpofpropelLint almliasrent 1Y iueamarsot rhanget oinl atac'frsng arnmniseatmeit a muneurtmabo easnpnsmeL 

in the depth etC pene'tr~atison pnamidelel time Ct) C03 Carlsomn pe-ne'trmtistn 4amnte fame the hoetteast hiarrels 

ratio in thae poweder gnseam i!- a e'arkiarizing mone. If thep -cmc-st -cattle' drlem'antarizat ieaa faslemwing estaa'latnzt ion. 

Cis CO) 1 ratio is. an nxidizing oneanti tile Loijeare- arftms It 6a joiia.-ible' that a rotro-pilen cyarnide ism maomaentarily 

temnperatmarevi tare hligh, which ins time' c'ase with FNI!. forom l Im et i thmiat Inc-it ofC thims isa loat 1wv eretidation to 

112 powder, themre i outes pearitratioac oif prispellant naartin eite'. Time' ,safaeearereaetnth igh enoach 

,rbm smto the stroitThemf er ook-mele ae d C1 P C01 eain ina the rmalmi Inawrl to fertaait the pteoirne'eof a cyanide 

temnperatuare anti mon eammpam-~itimtn miff poswder are eli,s. 

cmuosold in Sectionis 2.3.4 and 13.3.3. 

list time natuare' maf the prmmltm'iaa walma not stuitced. 

RdlatioamR (o Ctmmnarrirmt faraetrizing. It kmt very diMf. 1e.LS Fprmna 

cult to edraw aay paralleLs lamtweefm eaaalsteanzations C~xarbonea 

phenomena an a guan israawl and ealaaer'c'atieanot cameern- ifiCaronitnirsio 

ing curbmtariftation off stork'. Tile eliffmemf(atere naa~nam) 

Dtniaino 

Deeteranttionn o 

jfialel: firstly-, a lack of lint le'stna iling mai the pilersnisnl fill tile i-ssorltsuaacamitnents At( a powaler gras in the 

esns in the imameefimate rstarf~are l~aye'r mif ta steel antlm'r- apt eaf pnotpelliaaga pmnrisi'tile amnaler .taitelirnl atninanc* 

going comane~rreial r'arbumrizntien; semmanmilly, ltie v'iolenlt e'manuiitiatn.' werei ttigzemi with radioaetiiie carboin. The . 

fluctuationna in a gIfan cmf nll tics' aarammimlan that mmatonsiri iarrel was catt map into short lengths rafter firing and 

e'ma'irwritntitn . Neverthe'~esma. time inaiti~al sAmlem saf tile' 

e'arlaman delpth cmarv"~ tiaat hm'issw the interface litetwa'an 

time n'l'aiting tuithes weris amemaantel in taimn to form 

time' Nlamsiew-e'ilitaitrie'al satImoel of a GeigerK-sliehler 

reaction p'aoelsatasandl steel give eifi~aiesn m'ase'tic-im'ntas mmsaantet. Jie-rrilscAl in Sctionw 11.3.3. This 6e an appae'snipar:±hie 

with *v'aimaea repearftam in tile Kite'dtaarp. riftama that ammanscana time lalsassage cm anay raidioactive 

Carimmarizung tenperatmreas ectarespimwneing fia timene ml. rray tramversiang time cylindicaltal stalrace in paliti marolar the 

fusaieon cijtfstieientin ate an rr-asia'snlse ragire'sment wiithb isa't~a-i~i e'aaittmmi frosmt rdwnmeiex':rls in the 'unfau'e of0 

the theirefmrtsal Iasire,-.erfia'e frtaspet'ataarets. time rantlooase. 

.Natmmn t-f llsamcfillot Poi'r,.ssc. lime nutmtmarv tofime' 'I1ium hsVt."nsIll time lust's aaaracam' we're reraaovi'eMl aerva':tiesn 

pmammltinaata. a'msnrei'niamg xm jamal the aa-4e tal' fli h te,'-,aivrV lamiamirmtsh-ig (fear shoart jmeriaslls.2 'lime 

mst html tam a Imtarnasne marl Ai cateimntmaPt a alTerp Ilmast shlinte, tickilt am'.. sf tmw liver sta raamam'il. rm'satronali le fromn 

mm ts *saalje'l isv a'Iasaras amid x-ray *hf~sjam V: "lme' M2. amat-isasssjm aal. a,%aas alsta'auaiame's law :anamivtrini 

ae'menatite (FeaX' r.Ismsltl Isy till, film~aings1 IM \Ith am fils'e~m'asssilim fcilmatimm irsm Isa V jius ltern 'y 

t 

tier %amaý- .a.mia.ittl int a Lia telIsr ma'asamaanleam 

itia aaitalmI'l sim-atass4saismiagnasa asaa-;msaaiamg ft(me :artiiitv' 4 the 

(.7 iINtIO, in laslmslwl mani aI fslam fdial ;millmsnrs Isali ii' rsiiealam mmsaaia ierst-a 41miftir 1msaiit rarýf 

.A-saw* thisi filsm 4iam 1lma' '111am lam if timp rlm:14-1 a fm llsa ilam time' sAaan..'ive' lawm'rs %Is. imamls'lawe time. filrall in 

isasslsatmmastsima.1 mss:qzlam't its. Is~ 1"y).. lam a 'sgam~li~t- tatil il', 

CON F11) N"Il %0

Wigleo ns~,1 se itselee.i i lo'e'h,,,e1spot : saeie4- by~ mom-' futie.a faeet-lree( .2. 1iereirpoth ~enjeat 

1"f4!tIft' .4 leis. 1614.0"001e i.. flue.'. ier e'Eiilte'sif es-w-4 ee!IW itgli low* e.11lloqWte. 

.1,4vitsosae 11, t'I.eew,..4,-f m'.. fly maLiseg it a )WAet se( lilt- 

"Moant.-s it'.sf. A ae0ewe'4 fratIay 20 far, ao ;a.:ely~i i 

3. 'novree o" rlel o'l-tsOl no-pw toot ' Iaa'.'.s'lwrmv ip 

ornrmd wel e,iiirs'el home. dea. pmi~aenj~tet xsmv. It themY'in 

eOwervnne, ip thilt pewsirervvatiolo s fh."' it-low~ rnriwug l. .'ursamngr. thatl 'ma. 'insov~ae. mait~sm 

*anmal' v , I ipim 11 W.forn j'. olivarloastrsemos. ter ftftul rtalflo eiasent iat I' et Ivy1 l~ 

tllviAi'i~stWSoe 163- "woqafe.sI-o te 4sw.-Join m',~eeIII'~ lolioic g m tie. .r.igitta e'a, 4 aaa (teewstiaalli' 1.3 %) Ito floe 

mom WD! 41e10 f*erl no .jwviW' I'. t. ' 1% .14. Arsew lilostitife sa'wein's 1w tIsr tnen'v'uow Iow pmt-.Q'tatf its the 

Aeere'31i1Ur .111Ulert-low~ A so"'-ule..'--It AWel'it~e 'Ailili't M11.nle. 

_1.t3) i.."ialt 1 n...~ ." in, . re te, An- freewe ini. 1. .14aaaca'h rnnfora"I 45'.' fvo sts lalst tact eitidZ -41ipts 

Stiil tevi.;awmittros- "ta t4e 71111 C. 11..- ltienr'I itrit'. 

hrtat.'.I hYt a esee1 .-f ic'Ieneqper am' a eqe0emi etire'lv 

eeiv tf Ruilt thaia'aeaeotm ' bicta. o W u heq s .ra 0"40uleq .vu~ 

im.tse fil-arloono-rt eriryt e.(: a en' turn lay" will 4ywe 

$v"I.. 'a tvam4 nowi flu. I-v t.'Ai eesarry" 

isli tloo Im'401-:1 iwrwimml Its file j 

noe ,mor.te'.te'. eIr. in tioe' astaaI~'io. it mnIvrpo 1,e in' 'In t5.i'"w'.Hwttre. 

- 

~.q eel .f tfivre.nr 5. Imse' a3lW.5e5'2IL1 I-li'fiietoen $I( insitial 1l'tatlit'tU 

r4emiatilYtiory i te. Ite e s nt'tseevte #oiipn. tSot' Figceni IS4 151' "tirrv'tvtltI dial h'.,ti~h of loom Poslate fooru'earvilto(f 

in illa 11te'r 1i.) floe cerigira 4. ril, whic-It olas twouaarit' railol its 

atmeset tisr nassle loo'ak tsteuraen.(alairssstioatw up. 

V n U v Asiimurn Is,-ri too etevol fourther trmanelee Ila' um"Ia 

ivednolvlt'y elia'.. in woodan puartue. 

li.tant iil 

a. Illate th.' i's. ,eeeirlaoe tea les 11"61111 1aart's~sw~lai 

2. 1fleat twm' %-.so o'~e~arams4 fiell^ rmolioeer. Tin' impert.anes" I 4 eV floe t.' .etita tefiltwa'ats. 

lame loeurioe'g thse arlaw iltieistee~ awloljismii'Eem tiat aiths pu~rfitaekw n'feiW'ae Ito thee tinforafwe .4 tilt 

it oas. im~amaterial whaisilso' e'a,4uesimasto if" astoteneta. atg'ha-Cas1inia franoeigsein ao e..tmImng Iwhee pMU... 

tiem tol rertaetwm vniw'ssowl p~eroe'.lrl fnenens.st ow ier fle trat.. lup. aalarrmIi I"%~s e-.ntesaei. Th f emprau. 

itttler. TIeM. plumo-4e litie %owll lue. umeno eliee'ae-s its toiees ite ,'.e.WhIst 750 C' aitlamsobq~t ttas'a'ti alentelazst 

&es'tieet 2-.3.) e,'iolsaat'e that 2 r~noio"4 IslyuIf higher tc6rt~wi 

3. Thalit floe' postrival "Ileli.eae. h'vele" (neisuie' v'- frv~loss ea Ite foi.'m an alten'sI Iatew't gin tu. pnolotisld 

lesit ,' asti lose6ineeasas Imn-.arr) iO 11M04 I;~af'e.I1%- file Iw'ee'ass' -4 floe ioltrat4.eeti tia'. ('dvm'w fo'tts'tr 

aeslliteia .4 it)1 tee Ill ma1 .4 1eeenima's reaiielneearlm-rate. 

4. 'flint te4.'% Atieei. ."e''ee'ares men ~~es'e 

fill" uan aatoee liesaa lt te ran's fair volsoor .4 the 750 C 

i,'eloe'rms Ia'!... (isto eees~wfg'. 

at t~e, -mill-r rlvi'le'fi lo't.' leer IM11 ItlxAeaeir anel at low lies' in-aeeratlasaa'em Ile'esv~sempl'nttls ranI.5W 

weart i v~e 'tloer-sow: a i-ogae.e 14e FeslNII-M2 easeil ili)X at gmoels'n Ill. aleietaese..Iewevtfrill"a tlee'Ioaannsaicrjtsewe~e.m 

atiolito l ill' I. livelleeeelee eh"4-rlimfe in &'w'tieet .A.4!1. A 

&sW M.s'elte. .4 a 6rar.s tmmwiter .4f ,attth r-Akiaations. 

IJeasITaselN ON tN'IEW'"CtTMN OF 110.51 LTu 

'flee re'-tolt mt. Itas-tI' ietie'rpra'te'eI its fil light ol4 doe 

iAseelifeag t'sfreiti sse't'. "It elteit. luie il i'?Iflfl5 11I 

tier ie.'.ehel'ea eof e'rcarwiiatlnta a'ian'.es'rt-AIte eey m. Fig. 

esn' I Iiet.et rate flo te .'y:e.t te afv hitrla pr1.1'trit"'I rol. 

be lohu ,ti lipl'. eta.io..: ileso' 3W1 lsiesrls' -iiseelet"' tloert'ej''nsseie rela. 

1. toe'se'tes' eel' i ll foo~ete emieeefmet'e a eh tie ella itsa .,1-isa. runlf. l1ic ma:,tiaitesteti loonik triteltN'mraeatt 

Om-l'aale I4elis;a -is diI".1 i7reh arse. Icin t Its mitel t o-aesl 'ete'io is.i to ts- tauot aW O C1 an 

'27 

. a'e oit '.e 1 116te'ee. vN ea1 Ai-ats aeeeeee n.I e.eeeee tee iee' iietet MtttV at .e(e raets'' II.:W rifle 

"44 eese1 ecr4 "tistmo- ~th 

2. ('..ell-et'e ecrleee aseet elthelle vs'-'e:l-Ar. '.c'lee''ee ieee l'eelaretAi' fe-r (eecr fineeg te"'te 

Loeecc.I eelle.' Ie te..( e tvelolf fr:eeleeec, ef it-stee ile. 

-Se-cl ~ ~ ~ to 111A-e~e~et 

Sel 1ee aimeeed; s aeee'~'e~ 

etle I e~et'.ejecelel'.thte-.e-e~e~ ~eleee eet. 

1., ' epelhtl~l lq e 11'.1e 1le1I4-:11dlge.11 "".l I 

ao witlh a irIon-hes-aisl ecelilee'r :11) cii,, ret -el I.dtee 

~ ~ ... .e'''~ 

rC,. Is aee ne'... i..eec .-e'ce 5.u -. ee.t 4-e 

,-e -t t, Lee I . ae. - ,'e.'.I-e-tl itee .e .I1£ 

ltle'rlea 

. 

-n-~etee 

1111 iig i . t.1tti..1114 7. lI).101 . hth 1, - -Sbt 333 

C, IFIDETI %

Y~ 

8-~M5 m~aJ4uV!1 

c.-sssn~sfstss'MIsp.t stwi.110 isssgsno n1i: filalts a 3-in. 1AA 

gun. Ma m.1'. ,, 14 p~ - . al-r .313 nil.-. Coorw.%s 

It -3-sn. gun ss it tissnIIss.sI n;('n.( 

figtin.w . Iaan two W4 a, M t .4 ?43hiti It.-IN." Nss 

aa. 

"V IACT114% 6W 4; ItIAMN 6; %SU4 I% ;IIE1ISILsYTFhU. 

1 tit-fm1,uis- L-fni fI gkie w.t:1Im14. Ifi"I 

Nnolur jo-pur bower awloomw iigttiar f4545 3 Ir 

koitat .w7 iw. I.%uW low, .. u pamir..w'acI ' 

e1 alsec ;Amtics. asaw i ~ l tu~h tip-U1 ascrsomit ( arlm 

Nogs tow 16 .omso roili~ang.. it o-o.4 onooI h.uj Anse~a dft 

- 

I ~ ~ ~ ~ Ws. tpcN.i427,1 Xm A 

sv 5 'I-- aLn-(d ... cb a 2-n AA 3iilqo 1u. 

3-m ie. swgu n .411 rslls~ Is.Mn ! a - s. A .7.7 gu ..IaNovi 2wr 

s'..us..I. .-t nss~ut..; Csrs It -96. Iio-5 e'as.u .4 floor/ 

1 

Isew- tits 0-a 3-i". cow.; (qsrs-a C -11t-s-An tw. seii-6 o at U-egC 

ategci- I I I, N 1)1(4. lte..s1w N... A~. IV .) 

f~~~.or sis-~~ s1IlIsI Novi .11oulsls4am- ti2NII-AI21 

LI4po.'ip MAN Istun '..4- rltu Li- r (.. SIM 

I~ts~w;.'rtise Ir ssci~tietnl is% Fijvssrr 2 %t~itl 1116161 Slago** 

h...-c riss a:i-iii. p i.t at 11w lwygiessiist :stsiessl fs144f i 

61111.1 :1 A mi-*ss.s Figi; On. il Fitp "r..it 1.P 't11-i is.-1pae 

is. F-N it-N2 il s 1114, f i,-te ies; I4-1.. Fromsn I 4.Is.s,. I 15N.4 (1 t..a..Lf ifr,1...i55ahig.I~f sssI i.sI-5 5s 

titifs 0wIi, sr~xiosu ~- ~tss ui;lit:s stel"111 M A utuetssrr 55*~'t 555 . Is, s 55.. t~si 5~tiaftm. S'llu 

aloo ( M lit- n-ttr rm 

I-%tg4i sIs.;n' .s.itsi Ingesn. t i C', :n on 11514 tIt* r N... 

.sss il rINII Ius i. ~ ssrs~iic cs~~ 1CO\ I' F1Istt T I U..t' 

-

23 t1e. ~s. rlt.-4 i 1114 fririnw oi iln r-ofrnca-~rrv 

,..1air srmles.., at rismtrumraieirnJ t5,ltiav M lc i:. toIrse-n in rh..spfrS C rlmrin- 

litile it" on- gI um~ a %anv mirt rli.'n i-m gmsertee vlim-..iter. ,*trieli wane zelsni,' iet~i5i n Isis hirtier oe. 

the ..wi~im 64l ntimL sh .uwuIgh an .asrmmol ' tve II.. #ue timm, e W o e ermst I I . iwan eelA o the emgtlif 0 

in, SIw isomovolealt, moarfarsr haiel ii,. very high r:srlx.n riffn~g bott th~e fmon.4rilidt-s wao *Ial eneiii1Ie 

___________________________ 

Imaing k"e than Ije oeinp 5911 ,Jeormn4 mosma @4f the 

4w 4 Kri#Ai or Tt.uron.rtu:e 

9 UINI oReiwam* of TI.. tisial floiath so4 4wireeoa fon 4iatpio im~sf 

W5 I~.5U*v W 

jib lflrrnsmeiieg ImijienatiitetfJ the lie.iWP erfaft. 11W 

thi. kiw-e" idl tw Layer tf eig reathiomfoi tb~ir. hafteyef. 

ueain nrlY the 'estee low a -isagle. reosuail. the constent 

.4 porvapeliast earoouen in the ininvetliate '..rface 

a 

* 

ilernw-,eeei Insiss 19J.1 too 3 -71, jin. &Ii finseg.. in h 

1the initial fttisieaw~t-mit wao iennait'eel frnm 23 to 

31 C 

@11 m *Kow virrwr or Nrus.u; or Rovnm 

The Snaimg to trer rumowelo Missng 311 peousle with 

raditrnwanlae in seach rovmenl raem..en a cneeal 

5 

V~thickeninig 

&larfr 

Is( the layer #4 rw-stiom ppa.iftlerb. porticoat 

a peofnt alimrat 3 cAmrso ifi~rm (~ard III the origin 

* u Of nfling; lit. the. tdepth is 4Ii iwcr.2tioun into the intesel 

lorncath wassI I ih anr3.e foara vcingiC netin. It appCeti3 

* A 

that a pdven curtiem-41plph ,daitiomn in esrr-etablizhedl 

with sendls rittundo. aso mnight lie riaperted if peenetration 

o 

it, rhiwt-ti a 6isviin tof lieg the nipceature-tisne relations 

sisenit siringt. Whlei. t he drifth If it(tonetratimn into0 the 

IM %I* miciwluttrigt. the joivomi~s~nt cad2Ul rotintefit 

wat. insrnezae& in the. eetrfae .4 tbe Isive4 brloi thes 

rertiotm. pvtoedsiwts fromr C.2 to 1.9%. 

S~ 6 so ~ v rxc- or POI',rLILuX'T 

I'..,uri. fle.j~.eIei.ee .,.ri... 

t t~~eW.5..ISnt wsiluetrt'. %%ith a ~ingic'-Im-e pondef vf the I'eIR 

5... A *.11 n-. ..-.. ,,, r ,11.5 fh 3ei .e,,.& ret. he.. Ilse esnsesinatiiin of (s'are .etrfar'r niattrriaIz de- 

I.,n4. 5!....i,. . *i~eI~i .I, ..te .... ,s,5 ee. wiie.' in ('h;11tini 12. heesmever, 11:11 iteiie1te4l that is% 

5* '''*~ *~' 

ie 4~ Svrvies run, the tYprdo puAese-r r-sii-eil 

~ 5 

- " re I ,.e..n" '' the,a 

0iu's. . ,~ .......... 5%..e . 11.. siffeninero in sthe' drmicasil nisesre tif f cm-,en prod. 

*~*.n*..eiC ef. * h.. . -1.. 6-1,. *1 .,1 ft.. sort, se'eiu',ttieio (FeeC) i% se :s..e istr. h the firing 

~~I ,,',.,,.,.I,."",*r-* 

.~~~~~~~~, 

ii ,.t~ it-. is ii&eK14-1%.-Im5.4 luh sre i an isit-t i te Ir ) % ith sduu!Jut- 

~t~s s. te' ee...tee 5~'ACF JIlirrititire,se. hieltl 

tiermuttlnamsns .:eiruLtions" (Sre- 

CONFIDEflNTIAL.

t ime. 12.2.4) iiiIivate tIh.if fi .t flee tini im. miwteld rn- lir :I 4:4t 1 

.4tfiting arwtsio. In lFivirr 61. 

wist-mln- -hi 'wit in Fipirn- 3 ittilt CO (E C02 ( u itoi lwrm :I tioitiuprivin 4-f tilt .:,rlpii IM1"etrati~ifl i 

ill fil him' rn-Ill a ligIi' let;si 414'?. V.4I wi-itiii ruaelt. lIschimt I Ni Itanie ID1 X ;wili~'fsr fle 0.11W 

leer I11Hly;l pifa prve embnwli. f:4 thep.ils~ililterumn veres that Z .4 ilri4Iwo ist *asEiMh6aamW tiw YAWS. 

Mviuliert. i 'n tile "e~prtaeitin that themr ivaiglt lie % alrhevield. the *vempr rvvntfl~t nII liesesNloI:441t 4ofltifW t 

l,,.,el. somely alpin 

'-tratit-or lietfw;,it firing.' w'ithi sietoflr :1anf 

met mie4nIf 4. ofIhat nrit IsINI tI imtw.Iev. Othvet 

ion-gwlI-into. ex wri~nt'nlt, were q'nindlnetoil %%tsith bdm nart~iav hlinl4i4tt.' foit e'i~t:itainiti caITINII amprt-lfl'l4fl 

FMlI-N2 anul RIMt. lMiwileros. silly lin'".et Ent to grral.r weenst witi thle 'wwll ItDI) 

JPXlI..I1 I',nnlt.r. A pnnrifielON st 1w-elt. i'~qie lpweler than nithi I.Niht powAml... 116%i 6u in ,an~vini 

in the evpwitrwnt with FNIMtnhray ivenv in with the Wrlenifierinep., '4 i"n., voitmenliliss IW,.i mT"ahm 

lFimire 5 bir flo mi'iwn tirar tile siririn 4of rflulng A~ 12 iof(l(,,iapwr I 1)',,toO l.Ipin' ,.etrfurq' 'isa -tvrl xiorii'tl 

.4-irrh her I'atimtu tit a depth 411' So rierealel iHPiet' 

lie vione 1,,. fILoss eirivnsI.-hl"tile etilfý;Uglifiqa.Iet alitl 

tOw hall 6.vis fin-1%il iat thiA jsottele'r in tilt i. lilw 

..'A A1111t'.iII t~t.12, a: I%~'ii int te4Vtti 

in tile reactit-n prmldc.wt rviinaining tile Il( iii rfatv 153.4. 

%itli F\ I I-!.2 pemosdt'r and failo ti- 1%,ni lrite I he AMee 

nt all. 

MON Iuitilrtir. nhw pwile-r uk-l tile ,astw topeni.,MI "'a HE~ WlEN OFV C1111l10)%, MONOXIDE 

('linIee..titvm ei. teal it.are in title of the ewnomiom I %FI VLM L G N STEEL 

at tile Fr~nki~n In-tittite. It mai't.-4 iijii,~ .Lt 

itiiili't 4cttaifl cont14itioonoJ 414'.4'flsi4l in Table 31 offIE'dtci 

Chiapter 15. 'Ilk- lImm-iterfave e 14nI'ritisn' andelif 11w 

CO) c't1 ratwo Arrqe 'in that Vitt-caitcal thi'rumitslynlail n 

lice 1ss.iility that the lisnifuciiiin uto qv-rlonoPL4 of 

sinm ultivit play a rule in Von eno.uif" Wu. lucn MMr- 

- ROX-COM 

Sj -~im SO~/A4 

400 re INCHES FOON G& %~ 

Its L 

2 3A 3 4 

9 P Tm 

W I 

~ 

V1. v1fmt ,n ,1 

04.& 

Iili, ih ,rth lrI 

5%ji- KIl - tm t 

W11..1i - teIvtn1 10 1 .it.4Ufvt-m li-n4 k "Itn 3)i \V5 R%.r 

CONFIENTIA

VrVV-.r.4 OW Ct rpVT~,eup.WnW.: K %S. 

sIkNss. AllI .. l '~ %s.t 1:1siotwsrssr vewwri. s' s-irfosmsistil sit iIcl5-iw ins r""ol; aht have Is4. . 

oliepii hairs 64i tIsn risrfsstsi w . As-sI ss~l : i'. s* ralowl,ss It.% fit- grintII? gsrssslifrtimon .4 this, voitiletii 

ivtivottlfrrtt?55iYm 554 oi-1ssl:stslr "fiviis %I issists-ir *--ilI sst's. 

slawlsto~ tsss " 1 s tosal Iwnvs 6s 

i'iillot~sitild omit 11sitt irr gher Iii't 1 j u f5 plt' ite ps- 

4 staisws& 1w 'solomk 6 

loping~tn:s~1 with 116 . sI 1;. ,sfes-s rn in opinsl. TI,. Isroa owrlsm * tosuwilf im to, soh .&44 It1 n Ohe caw 

lin-ioissnary -itifftsso ilst I all Im n-ltsosiN~I IN-rs fasll srtists ssslowifil afters jkss.i5I thromiolc %-wq pbsgcs.. When the- 

ss w: tteoilsniswo-t nw 

oil iste. wtwi~jst I I msos'soeiy.. ,sd..urfat- a. %a* ~,rsuss tsr spowdisiatiflg 1`1- 

Agin vront J11110~ s0sslsJI44rts4 III WsIMV 01-.iiissr frosns I--.. tim'r .1I littrim-- o fiss le vroot gtim~ Moint t2frixtifll vraft 

0"sssnns .4 rsooisssitss'.t-svn is~sixtion- :ttwl ,tstsei'sl Its dwi. ex-rt 55d a f"9 ts-ssle164 I ~e" Cnut 41( 

tltw trwr 599' and 

v5Nshlatill, in55.5 s siynsn. rsosIutl the fot.tliroo tlois, h.sat'. fsertissl 5thiin thie exlo"MsNP 

p-n!I sso(lf row~.sts Ina. rooxsiostor a U .. 1 I 9--i.16M. T~w 

Firshissisto(s use alwwrs ussjixwn- Immuitifs-ii a~~ oiitijsstpsr looion #or la inms tiirsanysl in iin~misi-slig 

lovey cif niolsmI iiin is,.sas sis. :15th slis.%is t- itit as: sss swl 414~.1p.4%~ ils a1 iiissssglo stiss ls".swsil ttervsilo'e' 1troe 

4,riiih isInv f'%Yxsn Isis' il. tliv is,-.soiisl~si so( s-ar- austs :Is. am .4id isisskasliss.t 55lt5feriA ins ttii~o I5'porol 

frup5 

IN."t sisteIs :sshihlisstio its IIas'.s ft' livir sssro- Is. i~stsls'iis'.i * vs vidsl~ils' inii'ssti smas'N5 irL5 71'teniumists. 

pris-cut its I 1 s's . hiiso lin W; 11 ss. in-11M 11. iiujs~liri is-s isn s4 inol 511 tts'1.stnsm Io :ss srlooss'%Itor m iii,4L.m .ifir-mnt. Issit 

'it.' ssriltsila sI-rIsssss lsssssisl".6. ill t'ittssr a1 fns #Of' s'ss1t. it its. 10l;issýilsk' tss U.-451t14 tis-it a bip rra'iftin -Altohi 

16I~i~sl4as. *tlwo-w s #u~-ttisf 4 is *Vf" .4 ititrisgn'ul vl'ss~ses ithter Iss'I'snit "iltttd 1mvet the Iwisrs'e1 ow 

."ft 2 ts,.I", s- hv'i..ssArru. IV.-twor"I vnp" m w la. ~kst- Its, sis fles 1111ii21s. lilwm. 14-s for. it t1:10. met5 Iver" Isolo'-& fI" 

missitive tim' isisun'. rarlmo.1ssIpsvtki is'i t 'sist's:I i i iyItses. i~lus-iots.. illjat guI sr in tIsIt'V. sAiigi tietatooks, 

nor truit~i Ptsimmmoxishs'. Asi inq rt-tw its till- si~s% vm l s~nstgsds jiuistolf. irsn jowubanrurlonv. 

r~siletitt it-I flsni Mit'ftsims ts'titw'rrasiore nsss lsIisige#IM 

11W rssrnlsIssifissa sfo 11m. rfloosijssK r~i'.- Issit file "~Illso- ~ ~ u 'sg 

ibis eesmbl Imi 1sssmli"forlu tho. sqsssishtt"Wsoss asiohhviit issepim 

.4i narltsrn sflsspisra ts. rltlsii the mqnw voitilso.4fit-n 

whi tls' lismimc f5554lit- lltow visi'htiils'fit rs'Isiiinpbo all tlsiiesl 

aisitisint. 11w colsgiurastiis %%a- Weissivil iii prinrits'qit itl, floot 

~'I sit I~n4 

is. La 11issssttr of WI 041st is 

stsssss Is It'~l~ -11s4sssettsitV 

Lsitts.1.-Arltssis t l ss 

'si V"11114f" ti 

5f(siltrI 

ff~ 

Iss'iiuKs 

11 w rrsissl -of %.4s-11 111ig.illa- t1s' -. w~ ~ill .14A vi ith Is 

g l.Insi iiitirr t s'ji'sc ilia t fi 'stissit Is.I- sfntos ss)lr s ls's.'n. 

were S.iss. lssts stills a 'lN-iss tas. u:itce '.flwie 

oon vitade .. SAEI 11111l .to44 sslsa~is'u frst" a usemr 

(sir a 5-n. 2.3-4cl. won. 'list lsssr'ing psa"..aae of the 

stinot lssn file. Monste vi'iitia'rsti si'f f54 snN lmi 54ý )~Iwo ,r. rvil ptsiin' ditsk- "ip 25.5MK ip-i us Iiridstsrors'suoid. tsit lie 

Joiser!s 1.sv r.i rt sos- tv'i5'~ lis 'sri ';ls.s 11m-5 l ii' sii~i'i isisis Iximia irt~qsI ~its"s' ( cadsls mouasimise ath 

coi'?5s-si s4ti5%loks little if ;lisi vsdlso-isstiiisi lsm ist ii iis'sjst ir gIifls.. 

COI 0'), rati.. ill tiss ii'ssslitiug ls-4.. *116s' 11Issfltitift-ist' 

ttswi'rr1 1"9s :114 flst- l'talk s44 alll. slsjti'uisls'tis,. sin 

tioississ' itois".s floaiiii'st~a fissll- ýv Itsis. s''ssai e itus.lstim fgis7.iss tstil'il515t sgs 5'5. 

:aits lheI.. %,I I:si Oatne ss~i Olf' 5)('. Co. rii-al's isvp .1 ,sidcslw's1 5istilv s ttIfllc ffaiit. trivitWT~ratlll5 sif 

suit flit- charsio'ts'r -(f low. ivrss'I isse ls'isltts I- "'volts t ills 4i.-. F'pIii'u' 8~-isss ilsit fis's. i, little if aits's' 

ls.'llilasto sIsili) -,t' sr stis~iis' 4~ siilsils'',is lsstls(I . %i's':tl" ''i . the (Iii It ssn'liel 

'is' lsle ilissis 5.I -lss;.ll ;1i551111551llsllsilislýI' 111 ns isis sssslr fils stliit- s s1f-i '-C hl t 

1-14- flit. %%j.'-ii5~t~ I1114s.s 

I-Is ,ts_ ."IS .... si. ,i'..... ,,I 's..2.'t s se11 

1 11, ratic- (I to (I). < 1 0siss4- fi-bs 1-1-11lIf- it 

Vif..' Il~ l' ,'Iss,, a s s*.it.s ~ss s~ i f~- is ht ..- r -11it1 .ss.......... ...s gn'-,I I's -v-oo 

CON FtIDENTIAL

"NiII~T~ION f~ir 4111it" MONONIIIL IT[#11 (.3% AT1P.L 1 

tttimrinici'ttt wav~. fileu fto In-lttiii. with a iwi-;Ill4 ex- Fdi-NA-inomI wsithi ire- fifin-ti. hwrrifiwd in Seetiam 

4iigpttif fair tile witrs"iat 21641 K. 14.3. Mirnisan~alvy6 40f tile e-n'-iln peishiwis (nom 

X-Ra A~AYS.. 

t 

tene grnmnent and Im ito ~n-imtt w a taartlill a-:mn riiand 

in the s-m'y unalý. A.-. T7he fiirmatm~in of ritttt'ttite (on 

lThe mwatryiag ittlari fron the mouui lagan4f tho the Ignamo -4irfm. kmitar m4temil miail aliiouehimed in Ib 

Vote fahap Alltowed in all griils fernimetm oxijde tlr)I mltinig anti tnina.gionrlatitimn vIu,.i yielef frt. carbhon 

alY &-mm nt, tivtpite iG~aitintia-inin catntainitit, ilit'. anti aIlp ttir-n.4 'ln-. iniatesip~~ttulttf prtN~emie to att11. 

wive~d carbonn, andi in maintai mfl-P m oitttetite (F(a4 Wa. Italic the pre'oera o(f appiarently free esrarln ti the 

0 

AI 111A K themt wara in nadditioin iw-niatite IFeAh ceracking oif lite mariwin nionosilige. 11e fuormalita U( 

am-- 

as 

W'In 

4L. 

. 

Fn4o:7 % m In-,4 *..... ',in~. v- Itue auh 

jo.eiiiI toin.tlw goeiiiiii .4 iimhli g"-y.1 .'it.nr6Im1 i'no 

jo-im Otiqnroaln- mi"I Mnw a~ullilt nom lor ~ 

,y.uiaoqn 4in - fl-anwt~inmqarmitf ntt'iiltiiigffi'i Fiiureefluiflt 

Vircz It. Ti. wriothi 6-.mii iAthe Ii-m Wilt plugs 

in rlqr 7 r4,tI'l a. a (mtin.the q('t) +. 041'o, 

tivi la artow~ Noane to-inmx-rautu. (Thim. figure gap. 

6so 1'.gure Mi N IIIIC Iti-purt No. A-310.) 

it.) (liii. t.Ut igun' p1 ... n' 

pwi A-310.) 

A. Figrtn- 1. in SMIiC It-' 

m( ffliflte lFetC) dallt niti nece.itrininly rrqtmre the 

preagot-i 'If free tcarloam," .16 ihovn by eqaiUtioflS 

prea -nt. Ilii. poii-~dililth fat at-iafl~ oithati.Ii ca"Iirmet (5~) an kO) of (lizaptrr 13. 

-ib-nt~p.lient to the firink wis et.' (idtii'l by~ titlier exper- 

from tile linwatimai oif eruision tot a piýlo~tit fx-twcn the SCLrut I ak Of % iaRCa 

imiizzle far inf Ih- venit ;hiigaii. lie ablHintlg niptiare Sulfor i.- p)I'-4ii ., 'fie ,..eit of 0) 01 to 013c,1% in 

dik, it k nilt nef,,-airily mrepri-an ati% r' if the .101tti al pill duiuaIrgra. anti it is om imert ed a lmiu.t ent irely to 

nam-iotpt'l hitet tws oinfilie gt.:i a' iii. lite gain stel. Thiat 

(lite rim-titilof i nrmjlt iii iiui1n~a uaior plill, v 

rieaction Ptsitn iit il Oie er-mal~iig gina,,, 4utahil %%d 

\ 1%;'w 

t- .1.r. Pi. 

Owt' i 4--o- ,;ui -. a~rI.i.itm in th liiwra,uI iron im 

g 11ma, i *L ,m .i.t ml6nt m n e4rind.- it'..' t 

pr- -llove. dive&~ vm, iin pemoc'hit, %,is :a -tualtoii i r~tltulhY1i. .4 es-?,"A ,u 

0.0e 

CON FIDENTI U. 

I 

I5

Atli Mr.fICT falf 111111117M, %1'. 8W pvlwmc~ 

talf i.m .. I. i,,Ren orniso. i.t.ny' Ow ( lif..,vr. I hi nuf -11I 1 jllr imi th WrtAq 

I" ialowm far the ven~t 111111 .. gns'iI.e.w i. P3e + 11144-1-FM+ 4 14 

arloW~ tea the ini3timv s. e4 e~xlpn :sia.1 ,-:orfw'., itnmn..~ too In-itivisi tile~ wal a V' alw*t13nIisif iIPlt 'ftat nn 

Wbut jaislet IT.~w it~ioiluvittssni .4 Z1Ut1 :,nlr 21%,v K, :'.Wa4Iujir pv,.#,paa.. II b. misetle latiua theist a ..iuao~a 

pie-welrflit , lisp Iwan' -.urf:,., .. tile- %vto ;ls,,og Is v ..,lf,,r testa kf...'in. .'IuWI h.. Pittop l I,. .~ ~ ifi ilfa 

iwpia~ttl. re'nu,..pýIt( . pabl-h$ mrs, i~ in Fig,,n. !a. Am~slwu. *azv ti'wkm~vfwi fter rrmpalepeefil. 

(':1.43m 16n1 

1 

ol',fii'r p4,Ifuoi dieiolo. fill t,l 1 -4-A16:.111 

: hv t i".'Mi tea Ill. ivwtwrw 4ir l1w m.n..iltineriii trantleov. 

alt'yther f dl*i0R. 3. 10411 .114 jiia tit CNIXwrflil.il,..wp 

th6, n=.alt isp lost litnil. 

:,1,I d(Tug ill. join'.4 a 13,If. 11401C m iff ror-oalt iii' I...r'.i 

If them' I.i a4 4irtalcath tnis, .. ,vfar neatc'n'. the nwtlt. 

Plabisrt t nir. .'.m.Iitioura- *thIWet ie "onfrfn.' ii Ine-if ti ofv. 

Ith ast',.,f, h~qr3*a~ ,n' j,,ti lw'aoia fr rvuoithln 

tE'1tINlltats. 4f3u, lipltutian fo ferer1'Itfl MOIC rtalt3 retI.I 

ariout mite wea zAmuoies 14 hope.t thlat weasb&l I*' sell 

* .i* . - * .-Amt top Cn.,w. 11116 tI'uq~'3t13' .Ian 

rap iolwill I,( the temnsperntera ri-.. far the lisam ,'.,rfbirv 

top,.4w.1se, far. the 

los" .uf1. inie,~ olst. 363 Uj.... .- fM.'niw . ,iffietis. 1141 loveli tbint.' that th~e laimw.mwfawe 

fess ijWxpmp: 311.1 314,..t'*".d 

aapi.~.3 i~11- fis.tur, stin-,i t3-- ... 3 

is NOIIC It1.1.4 N_. A4in.. 

Inif ', .11 

er -f l.w ) 11 I 

1331t.' ie l4rw,~ itio~rtia-vibriv r.tic,'iII.' 

:it 1.13 rhip tenolperInttti' At l twicijatttazi~ tefopera. 

Napot. loont'i'. othewmortur~ iia~ltia-* re~anythe O 

prinvitril rate-4tmpla6t4 aift emiam itI 'ýi-3. vrtnt pluge.'. 

Il.Ir'ig0-21 1...fifi.. f-41-4-11 in :133..ifin~. ~ fle o.1:1II 3.. :1 tle r',(,tigE'lrt~ ilna Suppstll .,,ntrti'.:tr it,. rIi ativdr 

1M. frltpn fth, I gwerepeat. Kr.'uiv il.n',a. i. ''I4. .131:113114 naI MINTl 011~.4u. .Igt' i , tin' OIC Wtn"i nMntthe' 

Iinerc,'3 It'pi31 im~u1 . .l~ % win-ttr tile- !-%e.r ii..i -I'g.-fil~". aliun'l 

live fl:inw t.3133'ifr.. in-r :sti dw,, V:igher file 0 (II ' . 1; -offer eutigun1r (t. ather fitrrgo'atf hp. loaitti-.. i.tiffen-4l 

Will33 in1 file' Moiin~ig rp-dw. A1 oluiolgU13it1 .'fflvet %%:34 Is,% It f(Ml r'N'locritoarn?.. with fi..ig i-rft phii ~ liisinot so 

n~mr-le"lo atlolvinit .57, li'p'lf"en -ni1l6ie. j,.,. fse d,(jfle'.'r' Wien tin'le.. ,437:wrfe %%iil 

f;3in' titu7:.tir 4 exlfis, nItii-e eft jr- if i ri,,. ltitpl~lt 1-1 to,'~ .4ifvn..l .4drean% A 4.3p ;lisiltit th cii t~in' theI3i11 

Un"Itelot ll~lllif* 1.2")("iF:T Uf.-ýr m( sil411t o 

,4li~ 1 .l i -l ntn .4161c tleIt'l- %~- 14,14 %li-i il- irar :t. eet wo itrlm nd in rit

n-itortioon 1.2 too 2.5,. *flme'. is a 44111elitissg: %Iit-1 huh eaetrteentoICV 

r~s + (tL-,Fi I 4- (1 + ~ ilflil Iv' ,eeleelt~qi~ I'emcma e off th1e' artlat ilifflirtill for 

wd~ck" t iip - M-4~ l0ffisit4W whie the low" sadm folsvom, t!eeAt air armorsmfey I" xi"' the iMAW 

-mmmi e* if, I"t emmhilcy tms'nt-ti.11 * icNc ' iiiimtrale'sI isk (' CO 0 . nctieee 

firiuc%- in vent :Aneg'.Iiavrjemt twmn.ilI.. ain.. andm 204-n. 

lIii' litnielm'tici whirik' ,4set'ul tfe'erle. of( ium-niw~' off 484 Im ifo' and Icle1mtirfimctIc ofi 

pu inviifci'itil hytie alo ifi off. 1.25% ~i l s( joydrtos1. 

*fmT~himsoit kamy tresisie .'jmeejec timet riosseivil tCwtissit Tlme wsooll~ticuc' Wu iwr eyietieeies,6 44I Ihinn rrlooeyi 

arrl inlisqwrtantet A .4ipe' jili.v~iiamc:16# jim lo lul Iec Iwtoc ac'nit : .:q#6rvq it ;,I tile for~m cinjvceo-mriTnat =I-$- 

:e-.uiw sihe t'ntyilvle reentm~it i.~ go( in valml Isa i dot tlei'cfti ;I ictc barrrel %itl sh tei rx"ec'leicee -it tim tclmv 

it is 114et lhVeiý'lcr'. 3et11t ini +.-401114 @in it wmcelel lit- imir~itire'. l'er cm 'chert iee'neet tife' to'eeaintormn tircciotili. 

etiffirmit. tli Ise~tciL'eti til-fn. twienmc n sem t arcumi inmriwmumrI Goss. tice gamiis PaicAitjic £htjr tilt efit d i~in foifintig aniti 

1-1 c1-lullfi feis aii :lly teim etc. jicijiel off cfleteeio ill Invmi'~i~Y tilt- a pet racntrol iee'rimlew en'cr the ini~zzl'. 

thel:l- '~mu cIt hIlrcet'cm1 14u111101r. 

EXMiI5ILtTAL MoM:TaOu 

fcir asmeictiieem me( I iumilh' so utImvctnn-sm ,..aifiltl. sir biteimg %it id ýzr_ . I mefl diiitur~tmi for treemas a vlit's. '10 

annmisitellcji ir hyniz~ifeni1 tit tie' 2:01) KIt Zlimt~f'n" iil tecarnl PI . vti-n* coleeietee in aim evctnumcti'i Klao-litncil 

ii'itie wimih tiiuu'4' teo iurnimf-. Is% vmemt iiarr iv.,. tilt- -.itlemi rlicmeiimr. Iteccmmcittc'' enticedfiie meelozze 1'ilow. .iwemeei in 

faecie t~imet aat 31. fettim. 164c41 tieei emistiot infter that tih' I"Kletr4;ill Motis~teri 11. 11~ee owq~toothe 6cter 4tvnw 

jntcnim'e"i reiotoism maim In"" time acbhtimen eof 1. 11 J. 

andmi I meiele 1ý is( limririlrpte rotwl'tjivrly in lthe Alleow 

llegewmmtc ai 4141c trosp ,ecmaiiceeei cml t1W tei~aw mammad 

tjifillie mil otreile. A~nyv oeetileinamectter mlinteiiiL4'eI ticete'-p 

xammc. iftuweer. ilater wicok vntn.- teo nil.' oemit a rosin. its was. dlracim is dimnelei an nowl ' iyhieeK soystmic in mbichs 

num seiss n i'ccc.ma tier tile iflrc't-s4 en.ic'tesen. 'liei pri's. time ime'toiartwmlmvisy weisloht it dre'ietmpeIie iby imicut tee 

i'tlft' atil aliv' iiet lmete'r Ki'i'icit-c16 tlaet ai ctiiteiiie teectim m ilaia meirterooret iirccemvtrieg mammterical (cmnaccivct 

effec eos tile rro'eee4ecet vient pleeit cit Anmmeec9 tilli. 

nic'kel. aminocl ml tt i e tin'l~ ,imee gvnrcc'rm cmacnemr. 

(for innes ill 4tcmtmntitcmtiti weciki cemml tie Itemc pviclat 

peceelemetee Whmich w'rm camw'izee feer the imct ~we't for 

halml mm., effect toss tile ici'iiiet Iiaeese'u. whmichc is. ,cinciirt liwme ice lin Iec~ iac mmixtione ti' 4-toow scu, iciigl Isern 

abile int it."i't. 711.1t storm' Wase nec mmiti imtin n(em til c el etcainv Inisc t tillm vx e loeivm e mimiurto(m Itcfr 1 2/cm t uo( 

eIfeccilfs-ei c l ie'mete cicl-mcecccic.ti~te' i1lct inins 4enrlecicl feer. cmye'tnci iii minrtesec mmmeeueximlet'. Ilst'ee oieefo Larrg-iceemy 

imacticiin ip ifl-ignflifcacet in time ciim4'tmei cir fiel' Mcivee %otoem teisge ip leeclitv'r .10 i'nrevi.' et-ecitel in ac nindci 

tons mire tetinici in tih' epist-ice'ie ic de imi ii nne migmted. 4 eel n'it tcmiv jim-i eii'eeeriiirl itmsiS'te ens 14.3.3. l1im 

Iticsti'ii.I611 teiei'timg imc-cmn it tile' rimimirer ilis~k Wais' Z5.3(111 psti. 

(Ccifiiee .:lth mirvemic. %%een fittid %i itl a 'wtionoel 1O.(XK)- 

E,~1i:aE ov'r~1*m S~scHrce 

miieti rcie eli-k :I tilt- uemmezie. 

lie cedetr iee t;e i eco time' Ieemiiee nt ofiese inns sit imic d iI. 

tMimiiiai " vf inrit rat ctmmionv *AM. c' icei o-ifillel iete lur fiili tee 2.e"r cit eliomii"O'cc .1iii6et1' wa, c 1t- 14 ieielIC liee Iweet 

icitr -mi se ee. 11nc-155 m let icee e it vireo ci'ieic s'ex.i nc ,iefeii'v 6-9n it'e'Ilee- ti-h. Ac meeeei sitroct c liltuieilt nmsitcl'iwiei-ii'iv 

wict ic' iith i01-ece1. Oiii' ilce lie it ciise .% iv imi4 11 . ',,% ce1t timn emcee nileZZ. li1tK. %sen' tcieci nith im 14 .4ci ije'it 

thle' L.1`-c I msiec c cisc-I jwit it tied . Th l'(') CM' I-( cit l -'f i li Illyce :'ir ir11 ice icc 1 

'. fcx jut cime. 

ravii.ec-tvcccIi' ii-I isii 2.5' cc itie 4i4c1i'c.i~~iecctc 

raeteec it :11P.111l 3. 

cfilitecicici titi e ir 

cmiiciue' eel life' elceliteecslmcii0m i 

gaec.-,. ci.'iii cci Am it ii sc 2:.3 

mt %~c reieN on litmmnitox Pienctout-T 

t-mtt thact tue-u' nlitý :51, mci'ceiiect time ;kmi.'c, ue-4.' iiiill-ceclKmiamei~l Cci. imei 11114 Aicle4t' e' mci .1e e 

coN 'i i-,Xr %I

VMF."T4 uiVw c~b%,'t~tTIE.T~4 orV r1Iwn)Ri #z ut 

Shot id i e-ni t"c.. 1:11ý11 v..:, ueij t fnifteen 

wa tile auilwirnlv etlt''f .111 cllhenrcict iniilie-ar~i iixiljus-eilt 

ell tile %a~ll 'it Ii thte imzzle p tilm it, lite fit elft at 

ilip itn. It wanren MIU btoll 4 vtaecirk~eel extent~ noew relef 

it~ondictip in tiw' explte-IM "ttmrp. Thom, it is qguite 

l ikeY t hat limncarosrteerl ~wa have Inem tn.7niell in 

WOO~lt ttwttllic teliirii roeisi~nim.eetit ettlfi the ciejtt ti(- citpietin 4t itri-I rn~t PIhvin so aninWWtat lirto, thdaa 

4au eea vehl"60 e"A m ralle'wpet-e~WLp. Tblin mmwtolfo liwalialw"M 6aW I.et~ USWAa theglorytomeluark 

if I#%oelrvi..n -.etlfli *;v. pw-4'nt in the mcI Weleiionlivie wen, oIie amtaiatvllthe empr~e 

ev9oialeljt O4 S'im.ellY. tile Itold SImp 11,41a:11y 1 "n- tiot 'Atin,'te rntr, tI ac~lenrcc~a. This 

lainvo~alubr -'ini'in-Iaoeirinjt material. ileirdl ,v, 

whela Sin," riarlioityl Wae cell 446 ti'cI it tellmet 4e ifetfi. 

Iseering ntntnriic w--*ý fi.ncwl lin tile lwiated tcliewimtil's 

u~too aei"cnapluilehelw aslaphtin ralllwee A0 IFnfwdi 

Iere licripto tile NIfallen so ecswa in Figre 6 of 

Chapter 11. 

ttdu l 1 J-4 trc llentl .Analypetee (itr irwnf in 

tow Variste-drPi.loti .1tiveirre it In liw reient t 

Pileniwt. (2) 3%t an cotxele. cit (3) no. a iailfidle in mitten 

whoelot hydreii'n -Mtle lol.st' 1)6r peilerI41 llaud Icn" 

Ucerol. b"t its ,.ef.elef 411&e inm. tor cefevl ciii-I, often 

fietenol in lten dlepet-itee. wcene iolinitifiti leyi x-ruy 

atealrica. 

r.ste -48 NXr'*.SI ("bl .30 Rt1nonIs 

ltiireorarrf tmti fuluffirtitnie the rashbec.30 torteel 

werer liwer than in the rema pkW~u and a crinc~krhle 

anrm elf ilst added's inotfaire wil reach .-tilI lower masi- 

muite lempntrx eritioea. The cewwewpeweaence betwien the 

lempevtatiie-Iiimea relaotism (w thin tent anti thcsa.e (or 

Vzt= Pucas 

macuk T.uhr. x-myrar xniniatitin elf file mtimoer cN 

cednnaner ronneitiesne with a plenssile Preat m 

heris IN! I~lo 

Tea .1 "etolt..enw-etrA 

has sia 

ptittmie v feeecta -homedig lticace %nil 

tUeIct "aitn c~inchitietii, ttrttIsA tixici.le n lie a lrimed. 

wtt eto the dre-inuatae.itilln et( iteml pectatuarlietoitl liett it 

eccitet miru pteaga.tt 

ttrej4W~eet: etette. nieteenth MAc aavirtv onioztlarr foool 

tattleing It' Ve ooell m a~u boitf boy-ielpell~ letili1.) 

-onsi hoWer beers jwsulawe bh the psaltac ee ofhiWrt e.i l a 

itiin eev after tL'ernminwectringciepoie t wan efeemeteai.cI 

It 6%e humsever, eiffirtalt tet tindereetaits the presexaret. of(t 

suUptnite liv either o.( the-ue mpec'haeni.ee. Whe~ther file Pei cerme 

allies 

fiere III 

Adofd 

wabvw is 

Potential. 4 

er.ce"ee 

deposit in the mtrezzic t~edi reprem-nt,' clreittipeiewitien 

of iron 4raxn% 1y. anti if t~i to Awhill extenlt. n'liirtw 

fltither experimpollatiern. 

Ata,4pnite rendi terttei oexitle we're mlel 4ieltlinewi 

with a hym~.x ~phoeitin tWit in thisi citme the 

clepollit inaa beeit lcwnieky atilleerent arAd elt differrent 

plaYeleal a~peartneie. A riinpaprison AithI the crbolein 

el maest r tap mieebcy 

0 0.4 3.0GAI 

ama t&M ssOAU 

0.50 1- (Lo". 

.p Movie -Were.) 

4 

rie&..e bi. 

--~h4AMPdi....-obes -- -* "NA 

JS* ~~iE4 R' 

d-. r' 

mtenoixitke-etrtgen e;ýn-sioin Pns ptoltalv untfair pri. Net irtin narlem Ii vall cltectcil ins a %ngle firing but 

mnwrly hr-ernie 44 ltie very iliffetetti theiaiw editi- lit" uquiel ntimr dr ilepiet was Insipid in the niustle 

Iliutiola. tiher. Irim creriesee.. %xa tem.astedly found in vingle 

(Jul Trap. Th,! impn-loe:,ring pritiiteit. in the ctio~d firie'i, it 1.25%~ etf hxalrceqrr collide was added. A 

tornp iititli nltpt lie. tililitifitfi iit h tin' pc xile 'crp- werie. 'it( irinp n cre niadaa in vtich majull nnimntetntqo 

lilin uto aleotltite. Tile x-eriy pattvirnc, exceipt tutir a hittinoien 'tilficlc werr alliko. An~ali et fur iron in the 

singille line in elite i-trwurinant. tetrrertinel niteihcr lit three d'~pvit'it vieliled the te-cailts in Table 1. lT.e 

etiiitlcntifltel line- ,- theh prichIirt4 elttftiuiIIeii i ldeit tI' telf liydtojmn Poelfiele. even in the small 

jpittitinn elt itn tti515t i tvItir wt tIt litti ft.intl in a aiimiitfiltl pte-tnt in pinjut1lutitl KI-M infTrae-ec't the 

pnrelxrttien titt e rte,nrt-4t'i trirlw-nvI Fre((l)),,. eiceteitm ef ire-n re-ne(T rti tiren the nifizzle tvabe and 

ti ntc.i Ti,. Nici f ltittt ex;,eriettnts4 nubith 4~-00In; e ait intl iil ntially utcera-ed the tmamoont 4a 

4Mj-e tint 14tt10 rca-i.I lici pr-ýr'.ittt t f it. in ci r- 

hieciti eItftilte in the mid oij 'r) fe.-tilility at 

Ii I le' iritti e-.trixnyl I o% -erreI. 

it..Grs tatioieii H kr iti.t en i tirb ni lii wit, fte it in ' :t r. 

la~ity1 itstrnclit-i1 itee iit- thjil-~ f ~ lp* r nl 

lire .etel ;I mit tttr tnt pjiit U111(41i1 1 ut it % vei the ex- 

ST'eNftH* f'I1rtt'.LLaiu? M Cat~tsm .7. nflaug.L 

In tnic~r tic plrwicerrc the rannw nutitalcr eel nacta of 

CON FIDENTI %L

e-.mrh~~~u, 1 . u 61,141 ie 1W the' 23% mixtur. 211.5 X. 

4'f all \INI~I~ lv1wilc't was Inrme# ill tile S.antis C -n 

tdau 4..-n44 sellh3.1v aill oil~~ On- a4IJirmu -.( ILAdc 

p.44.1er. Nevzrivlwtric Inea~mr.plen-its olf the pre.-mire 

-a (mltmo tbne, mu-uuiusl - in r . Ita sbiwL 

Tfa..tip 2.mmg 1r.thi.m-c.et .Ii..... afhr sp~ vent 4 

#114W~o 

lig tnnN.,.tl. :W a. a etpu 

~ vte n&.e-..wt. 

-1,(gsn i 

'ov .hemsm tm.. 

_________________________fit)wlc 

Aimpoti.r 

S 0.42LM 

lie 44 

Ieumiw 161. 

instU. a ind Cl.n.. - 

n.. rop in earufld ayl 

40 -7 

t M~W44 Mso.-A .40.. ý ntlI .44t,- g I..J,-AWA V .... b, low 

,LA I -, ý.- I A 

tie ohi trapf us iron culitrlrfvi woil have been 

asaam"a 

LI.L... greater huall not the vij.lenve o.f the ex'pho~ion eantled 

kiwo W amajtenaL Thm mitdoUiii tof purunitroliensoyl, 

F;cm 1-az Osi(gi..-~Pup T-..I4 ;w-d um"smrs a (uw 

tw i iw(Wte1.m, iigi h 

Ike rar f~ta .4itwlmip ol..V" w mte ..sunew -rs.I Ponk 

chlolhet . addi'l up a pimm o44fl ch .loinne %%ltich hsI~r~s be 

neported tot lie an inhibitor for the f..n,.ation ofir 

radlomi-, (tailmd to redlee 'he unount of iron cat. 

O 4rItawwlt (We. of athe ON e~wti. milk low. Sli-~It 

Aid pr~~os hl we A .4hd lbrOwmi- . 

butyl WI'IWefl MINu~uI pario~lerii-. 

arme fmmn the timy m nom 

no vilalnge in the total 

Ihikwatic (Is' suealt... napuW.r4 ,,t hP.- 1.. 114. atms 

for thu. no menturr anal --liad imnwo.itant. i'llhim tlguir 

appraS1-w0 Kamm I 2~u3-1 in NI~tC U. 1 ..s., No.. A-31 1.) 

%.UD lRONf-BLEfttIN lTrosflt 0 

1The anioont of iron recovered an iron carbonyl 

thatthe pemure. axium ateof l4'eeaje of friint the gas mixtuare or the propellant, in tile absence 

mum9 andI ltatU timve of efftision were aipout thle Paine 

for the gas mixture andl solki lirrpellant. Ilovrvesn, 

the i-cr slow cirmbustion of the lias risixtaare ems.- 

Pared with the sollid propelhaint in Well demamnstratedl. -* - -s-. 

In sxpernnwntli with black powdler (containing HU per- .rent 

of stafter) the amnount addlet wait the sante asn. ~ . -that 

normally prvt.ent in thle charges of a nunmber of 

medium caliber guns. (Sce Section 14-4.11) 

The deposits of iroo-4haiing material prou mlacw lay 

the -decomposition of the recover"d iron tmrhonyl in Fm~agI. hiai . r.ntwanEealu-a from, the 

the analytical upparatusmare illu..tratedl in Flrurr It. thufIfltu t*..~niwl-4.fl.,rafmytin the freave" 

Analywea fur iron in the thre dcdi'aits. given in Table kawsu p..tufI Immiri% nw firines (4 Nl-mt ptowk-r Wilk 

2. shw arlsavi thairon 

2. sow calioyl 

wa 

ha#iro 

formul wih 

as ortellwit 

theNil rale without: il.. atlilit~um of .iifft-r.-vt 

th N mulw-aners. tUp-p 

3w p) N~-I Imt.(s'Ilant ot~mw; 

N11 fropellant 

tn.,d.IL-) 21 V* G without the addition of su~lftur in the 

black 

lww~- adti,hl; mmn, t,,u,-0 Srý of pareantrulw-,.:oyl 

forno of black ptowder. Thie iron cowntent o.f the delvie*it .tmwut1l5 ~et Tint. Og4u0* spixirsfi &A Pt3le Xl in 

in thne intizzle tulbe was% increased hv the add~itio.n of Ntl t 1 .nNo. A-31I.) 

black 1wowder, and imost probabnlly the irc n prf-~ent in 

'llw 0 pr~s~a~ mesn .4 .4,,,~ ~, If milfur. i asx- nrot!-l3 rnm.~ant at 0.2%O oftyttL 

11w~k armin ide. CO. pr-" ine-o c-'m n~at iro.n frtnnn ull the :amialyzel detxosit.4. The %nddition of 

nt5,mw4-#4lat temio-.itre. -, the Isý (.e -~, I~.l.s lyllro~en mi.lfi,le toc the gas nni'ctre incrensed the iron 

W4omig,, .athe ..p-tIl.nt. See it..c'os in 

S 

4 

-*vv"n 1.3.4. prw--'eot as .-arliovlv to IDS% of the total. Thcem 

CONFIDENTIAL 

All Ah &

31Hitat : larg ifr-imgl ttlla-ifi l nl 1 L,..' riionl iii. ilvlos 34 1W 4'f' vihh ifm-bir. " vflff.4 4q'$ 6.1 io er'a1. irto to" .*hI'1 

ao."Izr ttliw. Imm' WISH. If tIi'llefraiuufi P i'1O l.P fip& j1 1 valtialasti~amm" oftow. hmpw.maerftwe P"lwbwl. 

I161"'3ica 

Poenmewprt. .4 dwe Ot. no 1W mffwt.4 4ufw.I 

neasr fix- origin #4 rlinstn .4... v I Ili' p*"-4vir tof (4-r- in, o'nfh'ik. . a ;mlonvott loftier intenctrito. Il-11w nwltmg 

a1mw 1114.1-in~'IfS1 14 m" l'614.landllgi(' With. ;mmitn d4 tIp !ARP Piti:,ne realerial can 1W X'wugIl' 

a few UniolegItifilld6 Fti er. fl'~ip14 firtt '441f ovllo'i~tint 4.I.'n ".I IKm'I. that #a( seauior. 

lelit h1:,rk Ivowde.1 all tler Iinw,. vv'n' atriIlettlable WE, K1g3imwitry ".1, Ifie ~io m'wt in tle.hrww .4rm 

alpha-it's" id314 ittaflt-i1t6 lF-.I')E ~. fIlle inoot-ui-i'ntrins 1Hioit'lt,, :alil large Imww. ptuao W 16 Ilr .ti'lt 'If O.11 to 

Imae iaiuIto stoi ,au al' uI.' uste. l mull trup notif lot1IBS IS-T 1w7 ba %ight is( lW .Ikaw.a I.' virtI' #4 the 

owl ptwemill Iwis 11314'. 6e 1141 theIsup4114 fair fleu va::,fal..~ umnite the 04iffr. Ilmn'4ft fit alj.1St floe' '011W sIrtII. its 

IIVll.It iA ovri1tto41 duiw au' Lammas v,.g11111- %Pmn 

itlet'ifiv.i. 114',a11,4 the.ir' lin".tive %,' a. Oouiiiii. fluff) 

.4 1t1 viii*iinl in flip mrillt~soientx tit doe printer. '11w 

molfur gm'. ahosev.4 comingl''lti. Ito iyrdn'ittn Pu.tf~iele inl 

11w dwCw14 m .It.hm. Ilkw. h' g1I4k-14414' -~' ..rn'rtdifi Ilk a ,.tlt.ly I'( the 414-111"1u 

"11'le ther'il dtveI .I.INEie~..4,6t -of imoll IN1 :84iilavduiiy I 'tl'ff1114 #I( .4pan Prato 

'its .lnwnric *kp.nav tivuis I1 tm etvi.'r~aflat tvon' na..i '11w mOw 04sml.ln~ivall'. ,lar that fi'tiwwts .. 1iglfe (Ft'5I 

Impe *4 t1* .'un'wr guil. ia 8 oiusollY O4 811W fU$'tturw ,.Ji..I. Im lop IIW intnafe p.mNIOWt iii,.k't a gn't VC160IY 

affi'rtttg floe 11.4wP'l4 itt el-rIE'. tim.#f -,( lil't-i.1014t". ,of mie.qNitl'...n. .4 Ieulgwralur.' mand po.'nnipow..tim for' 

ialt pt'.mbwieror 144'ttim54.1: alplmntinoti. IautgrH'1114'. aninltuti.4 lm'lwew'fl 'lo'1 tM 1m.',irface 'i' 3111 1w- 

.l'4'ffh4'Ilit6' W'eer. 3I03~A %, :l' C11111t1xi.irl' It 'v simis'nti- .. 'v scimv' olrve ujrio', ( i p, 3 jmtqwinn comtimnifaol 'Iitle~ 

W fiallt u$644% ClI~fft'nIre Ii,..-. TI't1oelf lhtv'.q lint,' 164'llr- live 0~~.4 11, to lftor. 1isaserew. the f,.narraion 1 ofeat 

" fly cioni ptvviat',l vo ' a %m ond lait-.'.u fix- sginw as. ..ui~hd 6 mr1f4oulaijiting at Ieriaow' o the highlu rant- 

160 itaem "I11 Shp is" miiliwsihme Usaiw. that wpm' tlw' th*iiwr rnipmrt,.w, inrtul'r.I in jimt bwavislnti &ad thu S E 

sonly hil" Aisl" felf tile' material (nit,, j ioZilze' fliilw prsm.ImI.I zatn'4 ol~ (loo tlw Itol'1i ac anly mmlfiolvanimble 

AVfler AflK f1 lp ,,ijl- li~t't' wlitil Isrs1np'ii 16. ,4Efidel. im'rtrm 4M~o fe'ittee m.,llf.it' 't.IIli~fiett in the trwantiom 

%qw *.f fle1114'.tillhittifivil Iivii'. ill tile l~''sl 1 

preelwto is lf it641 'tI4lN6~ 

wI lpl nolia.*m ts lm 11tw mm',wrfser It( arm-Pol,4 pine; ,l.-wrile 

tooarml' I ii n (ulwpi.r 12. .Andother p.1.4IHifioii' v lla mm'verling Of 

Islet o4flic, fmtte'n 4o.fat~ina.I (fri41 a '.to 'I ll~e P01(1., lo114 tie isil I'I ife1heit #t( ff-fipX' in a VIIn 

..dnflj)I'E 1ffli trisvs'r elf himt) teate-rtio'n 

loot thi.- Litter 3rlatfern ff141111 twit lote~.i1 

(I" 

.. 'l 

.'t(' l I, Itte." ulivis dim .Iiml~.' in Sivtiom 12.3.2. 

11w' ex'at tit %. W.it 1 fmc'nirel'sf rtie black p.3.6wilS 

It 'a. linflflrtfl~iI4c flout f1'loe 'Hi~i~ii6 of irii in a .'lnnrwr qt( -.m.,k,'lri p..wIci' runlrilaitaris lot vro- 

Pefr'n 'tmrnofyl ha.i'as (36irtickl.el not ,i.'.inrlj% r ),1mI- -ioln ha' Iti'ii Pattwlt'q inf 3f" m'ptiasilloat vre..'. twit nore 

lic1. Imu.etile' ii lit.IifiveI pnmolh.t tire 411% vttv' thichi 

"light U 'l '.'1 priN . frelmn. rev111 ionA IIilkitI pln.. in 

ti..w un er 4pIvinlt4' l'imllif itmo" 

a Kimflte f1iiii *ij~~ ifla4';m'idttleY ,1l r.4irlmseentr fornigt"o. 

It i:- Iii,, lm lE' lir~l 16 ts~týArlN' flei lnl-.'ffPtif the 

-- 141 deve-i,.ý.ill" ixurt ~rn 'ti ik N& , i-flip ilrwtm~-mixeitio 

* Surtmmari of Reatiftes 

'SuWfiir in i1w' re'iE'lmlarzolvirto~ttt 6111 the Imir' o.rfare 

4AN s'ri-.'vi. that'~Itf' kfinmv% it i~ rfit p6I".'4't4' ltce :iIm:im.rtg 

IIit veu : l,. I*. ,igs' u Itti i i,'fat wigttur mmI~vtit tif a 

*I~ti.,., *.f :s -i1iili Ivi.Ir,~si, illlh~t :f lvifl'I..le. it- tifir. ' burs- t, sv (.irrt-I mtH Ix- vi.4E'il~lthri7 41, man 

db 4111 

CO NV DrILN T1.%I.L 

S

isir fi sr We tw sf1s~ -f am v~arie'y s~f t n'attsazs iticasludsllsa t!ss. Adsiligiol elfa isllass'k in s~ulit asisas'ja4'raM- the 

I Iwv ni"44i t-s lait flssliK I it :s isasisi1sset Of! rssqsss.l. vrootiotti. 515Fiopit'l s'sasssag it Krnit Ifi dijasiisili1 i'lel 

A vilta.-WeIrablsl frucss vl O46if Jill. saulfar ill as 4niaagc loal v erk-i'i4 nhg aaald evIls d'ljtagiaaslii it to flusf ina .ifficfi. 

tlianct1, svas fissain it Is' ii imss'sorpsrasil hin the' lIN"" *sall. esit anvoflh.i5.. llai's "a. aslonmlnidait eiislesssre 13 lISp 

24mlsom usd this, ,silj Now~ VOIw ra l a.wool .ambh ou 04ima slw r w %a- W-s1 ssAs141s 6L tIM-p 1"s405 SA" 

th 1w t55.tatl-fsuilsis 11411 sl-ni fnqte variotsmss grnat- rk. wE, r"s tIwa xslswfo sminls eassjaslol nost fr - 

stiolae of 11we 'eslfsr stis ilite Aw~sl. isw asn jnn~q4oris-sig 

nompslax 4-iscsinmg~. I holy :1 s0saill fralassiom iss gdid. 

It W~aosmigeo,41w,4l .it 11K.1 4si~~s IliesasvNqwrisrs-111 

f,,! t asa il~l fittoriot iolisqll lIst Piadaii its tiiaiiii tlw bisifts, 

WaOs ln'ttsIaIA.'Utly issssstasir .straw :awl 1.5ci' saaan f,.1 in fnlin IlW'.-largej ill Jill iiitasat I frnsg teNt asaal Isr l Iin 

nl'ti.ar~y sknrrassasg atnanimi, tI~hirinaa flip %nitwlssegmiI invooaywrasti vornsill aslaaiontils 4i ritman-iml thsat m fil ist 

firing - ( .1VT nuns.!,.. Thi,- Pow. i6 ssevtnovei-4trutet with 

ths. rafes O~f s'ss..mon sif raslilvr Al5 loair-et. limw .4drurs 

Moigrti"t rtiu,5in 0withwl "ilPnMM t9Wt 

bmisaiswas 11W 

listifinitnial .fli th gssstwd . IlIooevvet. Illewsi thlrisgta' Imari 

lortanslsaletly a~invuisorasstesl itiislil vnelol at fl5umttiattaa lspt Is've"' asi"0is1sjahisIWi.' 

siinstt sif aslfuvsoim tI.X 4 1'as gi :halterslLe s's :srrfter 100KM 

rsisinuli~ isa ltervtigsle 

uasaiesiasl a athI a~ 2c" 

I list- srassk yi etai 11ss(iit evssiajn 

isilfitr 4-t~ntslst. WS ~ ssis~tj t.~o~' 

'fus 

a laida. 

m-inttsiduasrYi asir-k ledit sa fni-thesr s'ls'iswsn 

whle ihs ll. : ula-asrtlss frasen ssralauslater roisoiula 

Itsn K~ilmlatL* '. (Vu a- v--sa(otS TV: 

tistiosu. asistoil asaills$94-wsss ul'-ntas i- sts gsirtsvIsh In tinierr too i'stsr i- as rifhlmmsin4 to# 2 44grosiiw4w 

i4 

:1 sustains' isf a34-esti:5itsi~sc fll- exten'st stfo( sit'icr~aljis. roiissia'st fist shts'i-fms tile ruslisssss'liviiv is!a tsas-srekcls'arieiois~ 

prissslsssts tfiisI we~re fusinest Ibn till-' lster- s,'. itor.j sr-iiisusaastsl ils flip lusts Walli it to' ."fyiti asol'f u~y 

acid n 4si spfrsmsgsilaua ws,-,.sandlst- Ited i iee arsr~sa is!f tat tit garsivitle aset-its fAssit svtsclsitIs as fine' Itiolpiv' %% irea 

Rollos (ioh-ceilw'il in -N4ti'tjn 11.2.11 "nss'ssasuasa 12 too askisg tile assiis sof tile' Isitls atiad too isssasrs cls's'liet'tl 

IK` sfiti fiasr Iv weightand sthis lten4lfur %-nuw Ais'smaa tit jsiusfasljitas isf tkI*a Wisf' 31Mal h~ls'tsaiw s"M6h19 O tis le 

lop 14"114s1(41 snma jilt llsis. 'his,. ngvs'lssrfairs's wi's' s'lss'ss. toilsi.. 'llat lsesiscaisono till-t 'islftir in thet tstfw wstv;a dr. 

iatalle at 1 tark'ed hsI Iet*-s a ill- tslsr~itan~ ghsti'ssalsr ti-snsiiii'sI by~ isassoi't isa K tlss Iilas's' 46f aspg)tssOsflautr 

andsi' si t e fssr-atastjul sat4 sailftis e'ssussguisssls. sif inss, letisgthlss i h tooI I h n'k lsi'ta-nses' s'aaj i lte lay tile iA'aditfsiw' 

csqsrjlsat' I. erssiisa kisgisi. lis' sevisls'tsi'frunis iilftiar. Stisrl sit sa'r~ssapsst'jeii issilisasteil *asaxi isisass sill- 

Sal~ e~ax'r-inivisty. assild istleso'u Ansinarssssivs I seliss,. fiar r-ssssta'sa id! f1lip its'f wall overi' 1w filnt nsix r-asibm~s 

:slps'ssas Ili .e11sowasst theidehal; thalt fipse linusatiisas #sf as f4risrars 4s! Ilse' eirigins is! rifflisig anial as evivittlarty 5)51.. 

..msstisig ssf rvsetisisa Isrisshist~te its a-ltis's jism frusasa fipa hiins ats ailasulssi 10 saslihiens I qloritin fleI, tilitazie. 'flue 

totced 6 traind~ets'rl tis Isis. tiisaaisgi 6~a st ssievo.- ' inteir- lsrssiti'Haiig %a-ass as noalasnda I ai It ptsnsler fist jil-.aijr 

sastihiaste ,,tusgr ina i'fss% I5 aWihere~ sisc lit41n itie sig'i 4 .. A) l sal amiss tit whsich 01.071% I s'. Mi'iui Oif 111astiem 

itwa'f its' a'xesslln l. tle ist. hssai'aal NOsalsuavI.ui 

fisianie siolfir- a-as. tsl~h',l. Ulsiss nlfast actedi a-s (lisp varuier fist 

loping asiste in qst.4.ri'tI si' 11 too is assglipti' rn'stsasl ilsaato lte sth (I'a-.asiistslftir-t, tila-s tw lovinsg clivs'saai-sy indis~itsn. 

asrigissal AsrM4. 

'*llse p'si'ntnsisaais!r O Iislfast ist's 1w -Ir'' 

gtiskliaslsls. lis rt' 'a i~oitaisfir- wallu sslassa n tuaslex wsit 

1 el si~w detin suie l vIlip addeds~s mialfist lIst asl glIn' s4lfssr its tlse s'lfAV,s-r 

lasvesr is reiariilssis prisibrsss' i it, esat sstssaly A~aillaiw. asl. isashas. hag i liast is!IIi'I( thepi 55~5 se iaigasitteiils' 

I limagsn tit Is-*lfsar- missisis -sift INis Aas~llssw siwe L. not 

fit vewit(s sf 5lat*, -e~iilts~a asasaslsa's is ti-I rNsshve 

Miallivetil(as lot i as4:1-ia.1 i elf is! %h~ sh wtiss tivsa's' whr lss 1`1s1111 a"ItsalI 11ti- assIs.%cr vita-i' s lseiatsit ti.ll-t aug nn Of 

aa uitiasss'lslid,t'a' ;sasassr stilts sal ti %idlaisas theaii' s iigiii -ti-saisgh niaxi li-s.elsaos. sashilw'r .1.1 pi-ass ;sssslsr- zarsa 

4 foIlasik owash~ is t. s'ss~siiss.'flas- :aslifialsI Osf ill itsh' appgaratslis. sl.,a-s4s-riIx asl N-1shiin it 2.1 fi r tv'stslskA 

jwiiaslvr, .aisl -if .slýs-Wsir-o gsi~stf--assss asitrats' ilas hisaL Owi sv'j'sss- s'''fe sssse - its-is fais'Rc unick-Laig. 'rs-t1 

i's1 isivaleiat asassstiasl issssa's 1114. sau. sif satt-saljis If rtisl. %%tts'-'ssai' SAE 11 Avels' ias as tssssps'sl 

i s!d ~4\i 

4aisiiiassi1s1WsIss-la' I he 1has lassa ris~ -tit. vvi-sis o ita I :i-i l. ird',5s~s .Ish,i... it s5ss .~ir lil~-ist'.j 

til t1111"e 14klst"skWsile ai~.l .5.-i-'is, 1Y 14,101~Ir~ii'.Ciisatsis.'sasssi 

t:ONFIi)EN'ri Al.

nukrttvk~titw Otate. 11o "sIk !ý in. in irUmIIt4..f anda ,, 

I I in. lon wer milk-1l to; giv twi oerum,,Amji. 

Sulfur in Reaction Prodlucts' 

mOVOIPWOV 16t Oumrfaiream *11-16 

Tl&e data' were esmaljt-iard 

Set.' leaply Psl-h61104. In ani thev tp~imaaa an aherenit Liver of ma-. 

tia ltew %Aar,, fiewing terial wIa pruliremI mmit the e.jarfeaew that differedl mdthnnioh 

tvkil i-nt.' aw DA~appirl~ motio aw'stooito fiwwmvaal wlly frownu the aesI 4eL The tesmW of 

lay fitliti the rombc int~m noun maml in an nplwmiibk. expeerimente. with ICte xat Cmlm dt atermuine the rule of 

OaOC. easalmar in the dwamm-inic altoir~ni a are gdivnw in Talele3 

After " 11un s the mmmik' 'of Poumntlim that were lach a-hanxr ruimtaimacil 0.4% ideat efuf. 

oriotahlliohrol ao, ,aalurfirtt tis priwuamrr m-maekiamg Wa late. 

fired. the ruaals were intrmmslima'el nt,v a apeerifly ale. TwaLa 2. 4,1o 0e~ -d .4 1 M".... Postltwo "~a 

.~wL(~a~wv3Lwer uwaav heevwth the.pedlug m.ule .4 POM OMa iiOlmeapta O & A O" lbe wthe ma ad 

ruatnent of the renetioma prmmluct. sail the delitph 41 .dm..maaaegaar~ 

praetratiton moald Ixe mitealivil 'my the fail in, artivity - - - - 

fo~ltosing ittaereesive romavmmlm at( knuwn wright.' nf 

material %ith a nealarpwa finbim.Jng lap. 

TI .4 -We ",M ;W C. .- 

uM6 mi~iw sioNeu~sc F.A 

antoionmt at( namtive 'omifur -whior carried the rt lam.icor,4d 

was betwieen 0.17 antl 0.1% 1wy wea.jhatf eeThe .eansoLe. 

k'su pawielr. corremaponolinet to) the natumuat Prement in 

"fur 5 

2 

aer.,s 

08 

Is .8 

raq~s 

Is 

2 

lgt arqgM 

3 

CPncWJz.V Axo Fluosoun~ Toasam woT Tauat Roca 

The mew 2pparatiKmas. lamsma roaw, asond typ~e eel 11' t'elt,- in Tmable 3 41e reato prian the manrer of 

steel were uncira fur theme troilso som feaw the imasiateamima -r .r ita 4 the eelfear. 1mw Other eapewiamietat nO 

evipernments inoet depMswlxe. liuiam kind eat tem' pnowasi. Ph~aw amf the aetuiAY of the ,mram.e was GANmOrre 

am a doeridco adahntage over the unuasm tv.nt plult after rvwaasval ati a loose depoasit tar after imimersionw in 

trzpeeimenmt in that it i6 po"Waue to csamjrtarae pid~ each of the following solvents ini turn: etl-t. carfici 

macelosseipic e~iminatioin of the -a.rfnaeems at sayi otage tliumltlde. air-frec water, aind aleohol. *Thowr retrults 

before 111ca'in lm tcmlmpeumtre.4iemv rrwitmami inidicated time iemsence of free mai'eir in either of its 

.see more readily contnalleml lice-autpe amnlY a "iwton idl 

the gas paseiew over the Pporri~nc. T7he roonditaomne 

oodificatiune and estahlL'ied tnat the esulfur com-. 

pomiad wiA nait water-soluble or poeviet in crombimiaweir 

mild. as wad (onfinneel Im teve'rma olamea-va~iin. tmon with eirienm anal nitrogen in nonmetallic form. 

that were mamle in laitter tea eretiltlij,h the fact that *he 

ateel pet se did a-t melt. Spectreaphoatormeric meas- 

A Ilkaemann or Psellmar raint affords an ez'.einely 

mse-itive inethod of detecting time pro-menotre of a aolurements 

of the gase temperatmure 4 theaseael de~crilaed fide"h of irmen mar nmangan"e. The surfaces and wi 

in.FSection 2.5.1 mehaiweil a nwa'animmn ineyeawee u( 50 C ?,rititmmie u( testc ros fired vwith either fre sulfur or 

anvew 27-00 Cowith the madditioma ti 10c% af llack poar. black lpsaselet pro-metnt in the charges. gave very posidew. 

So chance in the prriaeuret-ime ctarve waA olin. live oalfaer prints .4imil~r .o those illustrated in Figuore 

seirvd. A on "-imoam %eight Joe..' 4a 12 rnis after 85 " leer thme ailes merstione of a vent pOng. 

rounds4 wa a recovrded %%ath weighmmwg.. on a nticru- An ex~aemin~ation oflitme pnoolmaets on the starfarre Af 

balance' or e'aprev-ed in (Amnatiac lemmas thee tfries time-e trel racl,. bi electroin diffractiten prxideard a 

cuwrepomnd to an incrt-ase in IPare dimamieter of 0 001 

to 0.005 in. in 30 tot 60 raeeunq. Tiee vabirm w4A 4l,6rem.wiltr 

tf patickns malmich utare lif~cult ear jima '..'ble 

to imlemtifY, w- mpidincad in Ser-tin 11.5.2. Moreuier. 

tainred lay 4lcmablingt the ie-alctibtl tleicKnae" of metial it 6slciwa that mmine of tlme pea-lewis vivldcl no 

:,eamaaVed. wahich is 31110kllixae~ tam mnce-ase in gnm)sae alerItcna io ei the mv am -me 3nmeerplioia.' Vitt blaclik 

depth. lIa simime rxxrivtecnta blal~ck laumlaer wa~A uilelel lesmmeler ear aPeelfter pre-.eaat in the ebarmgc the pat~tern 

in snranenta viryisaeg frxinm 0.5 too 10%t- lint wri~iat in camrraaeneluilA tat a elemhitio ,uelflede with a -pincl Artieother 

tev~lx eajwivalitnt amemnante tal rharroal. 

anal pntameLeeim nitrateiware ramolala.t 

omeleir. teere theimhe w peam ian..dy vtiolarite [(Ni,FP1,a.,. =I- 

j e.4M."hnp3I:2r-jr( 

- , Tar 3 jChja.r i rw --,th 4- iTIt.l.1-- t-m- ' 1 04 .. I le.5 -1611. iit aaaeml'et a, na.t-toa "" 

Va-ft jalmma $4 41t1effeont -am,~ tlrai sitta 411TIn.iM OP Waijneam. n.ef..m peaiaa.. a' l-- raS iea Se'-t,..e I.L&& 

CON FIDEFNTIA L

tbo~tgh it i.. rol'..1 hnt nia~a~-e i *ams~sraionll ill*ahr iiiinisohey' tile crookin of ithe ouartaclo.' ilmi 

ieplzaa ,'iek. :oý th6 t aamilwaana.i 11Ig.r exaiil only rifevt prx-enitoas.nd j4 evean init!r motioi-abiI nM IIC A 

Iirmser4W i.-IK. v,'n'anairpx I'aiah aapani.1111114. 

wh~ile thernuart baalurorsoili sthe lliir ,~.m.*DIsanrra mnaina 

tao Iii %limrca t itd . hao tw'e dt'wjmwiarated1 thi&t ini. 

looinKril impa. a'! tL sofa ar.- hmmirril "as toti.,4 sonhnilir 

to( ri'aaniloo in inerffpe4'I. U-th 6 for III% ofi 

liLwk 1 piakw. *i-ua-kinx iA coinurietrly r~i~itinated. 

With 10(," of lolark 1 s.luder the crckn im patl 

joy a rp~Iiuail thi. n,.mlml tei 11W ppir owirki in iiWA 

face. salija'aia'a too praa,wlint kaeas conataining igoly a Timte hlaek ;mowaler mom I~( than pW1rvftt etarking 

antall po~rtk to( o ttlfai dfu 

tile iniifZah in a riven round ietra m -eau after test rodol 

SU 

hool Imenic" hjeta tar a nasmimier aif rarunanib with El or 

Penetration of Sumlfium 10%7 pif Ilack Immwder in thecrharge they fadelod to 

exhiluit cacwking foira reluatively large nornimer oif poub- 

~1wpmttmu ofsulur sia lii. e~4iviadthe~ avoouwal roundit, witbama it bbwk psaaaer previeat. Afteq 

coasting sii rractmaun proiltiieti. i. 4smmit in *a-fro 4e. it :,urv ofit inunthewwtit po.b1tit wax5 rvilirtelf-hd 

thait tile peaoaiaoa conne at fly IW 3 itinniir 1 rPtz 4. Propisopsoo o .- o.'ufar into. ftwa4 "mI floo 

povi1i.i lgi. 

change 

in the mit~timre (if lueo steel in thi; i.rface. This con- 

chuiporn agirwv with the~ reatult6 (if othert Andiem,; dlin. 

rett 

"A 

Ninvotwe 

n( flelftri 

th. 1 h 

tauws"0a-1 (Irveaatit 

i o.~ma.aa nnii4 lis Sect jion 1 3.5.3. The aldiim As( of ulfur alone 

iuutenifi-Al fle cracking as Plypopwi in Filpime M2 

311 . 00 to11$ 02 ltaniU'inimlmuuzit rate wAus r% m worpe in t him, respret ; but 

613 IV 8M 

tIM W..112 

& "t 

0.22 

tile asalaitiun at a thirdl Connpmawnt in the form1 of 

pIowderedl willow charcoal to) tile evtent of 0.0%7 

O.5 1" 0.57 11.11 

GE 41 O.oo11..a16u 1.2 

0.16 too 0.24 1.4 

0.24 tndzl3 2.2 

111.31 #"*A &29 

*jW or,411141101 Gflk 

Tipe.. A-1ol - 0.st-i. 4 To.~ 

markeally -caiauced the cracking. 

4* Etpionion 

Thme aadaituuin 4of black powd~lev inrease.i the rate of 

t s 

aote," .1 -w ,h &. low .- i.k' th *m- t_'4~~' 

Tb. '~ ~ - he ~ ~ - "~ 

ceroitin. Tlmemesnultm titf'%eighing tet rimiare given~ ia 

7igur 13. Siamilar camne-. were aobtained for the addilion 

al'? .ulfur and noas.iif Ntrate eajaaivaltnrt to the 

6% Milark powder mixture but for the adudition of the 

* 

Theve valaieii are av.erage" I ofa fime whoOle :affeated re. mnall eatuivualent aumalijnt am4 rharcoal the erovion by 

Localized arsle containedl Pli~hthi stmoen sulfur blit mauim'arimin with pure smmokeless powder was readuced 

not to greater depths. in .inti~ir eij~eritnentaa. Thle by a factor oif 2. Tile effects aof the components of 

Wlight penetration dote- naut fa1ili tile uliffauPian low, 

Thefreappeals to be a ve1'm thin stine taf Artel that has 

block jimialer in inecrasing tile emtion cauased by 

n~iukele,* powdler ore not ~4pyaddlitive. There is 

metiamired! a eoainhly cons-tant ainasait iaf onlfur. An fauir ttrini-ra'ivt with tile erosion test with black powincrease 

in the naumber of maoinds4 iavwrauet thle saulflir 

content IAithagiat thickenirg this4 vAne. Tile penetra~. 

alct its-elf for a large nimmulier uf roundhs bait a conipar- 

ia.mit of the initial emotsion showi the v'ery wennust 

tion oft milfur is not. too Ashimicant anrlceaaa a v-cr thin prnirivity at thip; stage canosed by ptoz"tasiam nitrate 

zone of -hotithirt- material is faormsed which maight 

aid thme tecehanical renviaal of thec uverlying reatetitn 

withaimit its wartoapklanying sulfur anal charloaia. 

products. 111,41. Charges without Sulfur"' 

14.11.11 Crackingas Tile faoregadnini evidlence obatainead with test rods 

agrires w ith that obltainedl frotto vent pliug teats with 

A narnmbcr 'aftest roaL, 'aen tiothed aa ith a vontpar. ivirlsin iainua ifle-fia,'ygisn inixtiarc tsertiiin 1 *.1.3) 

i,~,on aajto*iimpe 11 ordier (1 i lai-fri P :inY -aurfjie pf. M11iii .1i ton ivihr ornt pitllg tct4 '0 m~ade at Alperfe 

acas.elli tead~ s t :.k sia. c ar its N-in I'raavioc 

cutinponent.. top the th:tr.xa oi -ioiakvi-s tsiaalar. The -, --haimoul 

%%ith prIi ui 1 1ant rhirges, in in- 

i.triki~ lla 

a~t~~t'ri. 

addhit ion ip! lip tip 2% ut I LAc 1ven ier. i.e.. lc'-* tlimn 116ný i VMO-,,i VIA ( 41ir. ItVt~ eA ,ocnutoo has. bftam 

the comntent of! the charge, f)r ,.c% r~al rii,,. ruri-itler- pta..Soaw S-tijuus 13.&L2 

CON FII)NTIALI

306 EyrvE.0 Ow caivoa .eyrr 4-~T el'lv nWin 0.; stavs 

L.. 

"It11-M.TI(3N OF NITHIME~N S ITU ;LN 

17W. R* -4ie Rh.giarem isver eelo oaew1%w~ee to rm 

Wonwvc ee1Aavl ;i ;eitti enfitule lat. ecr atcrfu hap Oivirnest 

. .. .. .u d irs 4 ti b~r a % or of v n o " te -11 kpth I 

'1 '-ii i- 

Su 'oil. Ill. effvC Itetoi"llia Uto(ultts ini 

net AW itio I.,~ie. -r ision A itll ~ 41 it e thll c lime to ta 

j t'rno~vce to ( le .so wtvrir o2i. icrvo.ce' 

Pilci 4s lee~cecl (iesilre . llivotione S4 i arceic iitt l. appr.,%L 

ct..ee ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l prilcdc-ns X1141e~e 

IlitFnl u l ceheewu 

ef t".ee Oe"eeeei.etc~cee 

5 

i~~~ice.le-1 .'cre. lce ~ . Itt* Sn.. 

iiislewn 

nintLeinee Irvineiue 

Ucpcv .4114I 1114. 

llIM.i27lStiiio-r3 ur i 

leen Srr~ 

ha~la patW4 tfr- nnto 

diratilcE~~o eel ele-inelcility 

vril 

life~vce iuetei10-1 

ledi ~ ~ ~ udI~Iite ~ ~ ec~ ~ et ii~ 

~ ~ ~ ~ n-aolf iftli 

ticon the I&ccccgv 

thatiri Iimusii Ili.,ee4 A 1ccl 

eel ~ ~ cc ccl..kitjl:e ~ ~ l ~ ielc ~ 

undt 

~ twn Ithcneefrl ntrd~ 

pr-fI'lii 

Itacia 

iice aiel Kimg -r 

inece 

L~ep.~ 

5lfl Occ 

tKemp i4[lttvc'e 

tieN lqfce' e'lane 

Icr:ei cauc 

ti..FN\ecciec N 

tieivit 

flin lv na 

12).cli Aieeeni- it' auto 

ironsjc istrti 

end ; at 12. ii 1pce -. crteio-l iccn c in On-,c -f .Lc I1.,4 'rc'lcccm no nia0 ecwltn -i i 00aiint oritr 

.WN. I4a ncc. oft ice: Ic.., 

11.,1 i'.' (tceI eccf 

dcrc,.c'let Air fcthc'icccciifa cciret. Iced krfIt mi 5hc.dcl an t tiancIcc li cc ~~ c.,j~cic 

ehil oncccl ifc Oar~ gainecccc Idice. ct c 14- uct accec Icit eee ci2 .;(cc t 1 4lec eer.~~.? 

thatJr to( '1cf4cc 1%rc... is A~ licften ccrIecni 

17411li lllt? 

to( flip Owc' ' a 4144~c-cei to -~ t.( crw-6iccoc.. v in pfin a 

lllo~r~t helatvretnoltian tat s icef ý In Ia ' i)E 'rA 

it " klnp.%iththerxoelaton KIII M 

-( 144. 

:fai[ viin Iia-ps- . 'lic-t~ e ibl ru--pl-wiit( I,;.in 4 Go 

th mo ) al -f rowl I w0;;rj. Ilo 

0ilft

"WEUMh'01%O !,1Thtt3W WtTW cirI ~y55 30t 

T.moA X X-mv solo-MAati.mm -4.1. floorImol-4.. .4frooliemom. lmetue~m glmwsmbw rA.r &-I looeherim.l nIs.6 I h lol.. UI~lW 

1 

ikwlufe ..m - it.....,Iv o .I ,....a,. .. It ib* .. 4 almoolenitm. 1,....4-. oifti: b~mi. tinoom~eem -ih "Weai to PN t"" '" 

= - n* - - 6.y -I ,01 J .... _____ ,.-o:Crt 

20 011 ... .. 

For,. a 2.4 Sallo . 

2 

Fwne4 4 1 1 1 4 3 2 

"olomo. 

e-tr two Ib. - - -oly ?.O I PA 6.idb .d CloAWq. Is - 9o 

.illgic-lon.4, plVe.d.r firrl in tile t-~mvveittiol.ta ieilawrtt Fervnsup ,.,ude (l'r4) andl att4..lift" e m roi* mllnf~m 

(pilot a ,-alidwr .30 rifle." With .1w heittem F\11-N1"2 pp. all the' mfe~ineritucu. Femoa.. eide wa.. by far the 

powilitr to win mmitrittosieit. fomn..d. it :11g..-31V that llnlimaWIVunt pnekhjt with, a OntniClyceflh 'ktltlou.e 

thuitrill uttWt befnuitte er it nafrn lome. pitowder. IlecagtpmniI in.,. nitride f!.nntd a Wier. 

owmta soe.-.nular ' prothirt. Ti' nir iin diffictfiid in liesteioh still splorna-rialek' poirtion ofC the total mrftlma 

rotabt~in~ig thle umiiti'ditiii'ti i their C.,nllu~lvl ill the lonvolrt wilth IM It pon..er bItt was a iment with the 

knuown inertneloot of mo-olevutlar uit(Foigtn. Futitiqiti'*t. blomtter INIIAM2 poewder. 1flit.. latter freatlon rue 

anrrie..ia. -Ahit-h ist tin active uitiiltthiig ig-t. 6~ Immo- fully evinflrniw in later work on the x-my land rhermgol 

ia 13uawk'T gon.1m in Only' very :iwI1A anliuis~t"e. It " mnito feme itl ufcdlorldi 

6 ilI t llipw intervosttit tro tool in mhevr.~winaa (Ihaptr 12. Timt rummeiutemn to lee drawn fr.,m the 

that ot hile an inrt-n-we'in total nitir..lei ist esonfluwti tit firioui with tile imnnil ride"mei~otha~t theya urins.table* 

the imuteehate .. ttdvtp ant tctliwfitge Ist'twet'iiithe ni- unoder time terottfwrtiturt and prr.moul conditions' of the 

tnuge .4( the pm~wlx-mnt ruAmr and tle terigiua~l teitru- exixtr~itncmto. Ille he,.ag'nal into, nitride found in AU 

pa to( til-eI meteilorui mi tit very :114rre-iablee depth. the firinp, Of irun sand metrel parielcoo with stingle-buame 

Fornration of Nitrneleoll 41l pxl~hwt. 

In toroder too r.,qaliie ani x-rnv o ,.ty It'm4 tile vrtiM IfiitaI MtL~. of Fmriationr of Nitrideo 

proudttr. in a C)1111 a very oelivnee'u~lt atnd nigumel ex. 

periniental p o-rilehn a. ,Im'~ e it. 4leoe. tilocnd in 71w nmei4,miý'm of the feirmatiot' of innt nitride on 

Sertien 111.2.6~. '11,i. mpn.-i.#i eeC inot.riermtiling thle a Kun lmier o.urftre ipe far hum deakr. Irun domno to 

pertinent .11fa. ini txlkerizel fotrmt inl tle limiewtmr renet with memoleeular nitrogen even at hevated ternchanrt 

for noi othcmij- eioniui olleoid ee to a rlileei .30 peratunennl prmottire.;ulthewtiK~i 4 tnllfrtiildpttcieelt 

rifle. Tuer ritle %%:to, fir-mI iuttean evateiatoel ItAl-. frnm elf 350 utnt. vkhich crurri'ioloowI reuelldy to the rnl&)dwhich 

the ger~eiothit ie( lthe rxiole eeeet werne Liter re'- itme ume eomder-eVt Iresolir' in a gin. tilee solubility of 

nlovell teer t'!miptilou;S Steit iie :n a-x;ee-rineuit ,'~tifitnou ,n~ileeidlr nifit-riee in piuma irnt mtay ri... ti-m nriei 

to ormn he~ni ut .i~litioetett, 4 xeegt- ! or qstti inipe met mit tic- 0.47c.- Ut'am cinsoetitu ande mlvae'4' ofC piltanIe. iOnic' Of 

paxrtetir. *11e tmeraIerlItire oef ti. he de iviigtl clcl' ma thil. usnit n n niat Ioer rvlt-4Ai~ and 1 forns nitit idet.. 

tcer;:el %t4ill ri.e tijiel Ieighve* ithan that~m to( ix mopet .Aemimteetia n-neis raptgetl v % ithe inn, Itt form n! etill(-iu, 

,.tirf~utv %64 iii t e~ig -ittphtid tiInIo l 1tv 1, -meltefl tji lt- M-mnrt .11 geneettilte liv rvlqntaq' 14t 11iteiiitienlie tui 

.etklwett ~'I'll,~ filw(IgijrtieI. nIt- fit 1-1i mmifm'l~ .a treig.-,. at tile ,eirf~avv. 'Ill atui tomil t ee aetti'olleia plitow. 

1 

g.:rivh "rt .. "t'.nietit Icl tit 1le 44ge" emitl Iv.ie it r-lltmi1 elit1 in tiee gaL.-e.. fneim :1rn 1NIl' INOpiewe ll Itiernlqef 

0- 10'.*..tm rvý-m, . .-. ptmi e.'e d I t.- Re-,t' iilel 1 \1314C- I 

-'tlwm-n a. f..e ie'emi 

t 

m61 t M~ mmt celg-iet'. 1 

l1M6 

it1-,- fle..I.--i h'--e .m eqre..v : mlm$... 

iAWom t.'. "4t'e. ,~e4 'l -.1.nI .4 l 11'.1 Ife.0 iivil 

C:ON FttWNTI %L

emiilratril tet lee neeqeglyl If Wee.e'll'~ rt Ai Wt- te11elirr. lteen CIA~ . -1l49IAesi an iterwn-w ine fiiromm.r ropmle'nt 

atfre 4f 1110 K antli se vo lon-itY 4l 1131 a Inver s. neatI Im, Imen' mesrfarr. It hasp snom lavan ahmeorm n the 

fAlieln ISO 4 (lietb$L at ItOll K mi-I 0I. 1 Kw Im r '. 

al Ili~~e hi imeesmaenss *A a ies ~ etiwi os a itl 

n."' s mar eleet oii.e-nlesml leIne- eotal thi -srtismor. nt i'I niote 

.iAL6wr m4v- ap soiaiii wLith a leiedly 4-teeevk' tosrfare istt 6 a0 

sion.faeyw*5 mat esiw herc, waran lneee.o* igmitiont. Fkesaern.r I thu. his,~ l Asit wmo thrrmmohg a Wa 

lisair4 y et itste the I-re 'aII ilhe remew. .eithseeegh at Isaern'. *lmiw vqwcnmnwn.. soerfr tene-r? emletsnce ceve. 

the Isen am atrfrr em tlIxr~.;tenn-. lmeleselelv lsase n"ois 

aeurli I he reeslal iieginn emeeu~se-it weee 11w flaetIik 4l the 

Slifieeso. 

__ s the ted.... Tl171~ ISO% 3ge.11oesim m e'ee..flft4eW 

is o 

Spijeir to) lee eMmfvnemiile tie thee homoresetwese Sol ajilrimim.. * 

partimelarlv if the otitrhuiegyef othe neitrde' i.e -nmrlthi IN" to W06lis te .6toeqro ther Pw4mais .1 m~ask"W me1W 

tniatn 2,oatanwe theirl teO Is- Imonee"lese ate in tiee . 1eesrme freeuee tile. iere,es'llant gia.',em into the Ilicit i 'all. 

firmte Ilie %%ever. I fee nam,Suvtst i' Vteeett-1 iereh.eehe at Stee the niitlm-wr'tl aetontoe o)( ltle jmilmieeltsnt were toggeel Ity 

aelifaml vohiwn ant, nlemlesteia tsrre.ent eili..eeiatrit 'sill Ch~ulesaeg tile ratinef tile tvoiP-l eeieesceetlopiteeeanitro. 

r 

f-veeq 3 roriern-leneet -if liw ;wd.-i..ee4in ia vt ' uf jie- Ken Iemei. ig tnweause 14 antdc 15' l1ii wao-melace ipiiheel 

tmeO6i It 'v nrei iteg 'st ihe m-oe.le-eLir ccilm osg . 1'he miel. Is v as. eliiceg tel a Ptass~n i Ysi .ilt linvideer for the rm~iher 

tiiiettt v of sole'ngvf intt'uiee'eee itests ounnaso itsem in 

".. iaflfer netil in), met reneiteel tol the anoiiseest of 

All1 rifle' a miseeiej actionjit elf aisneeti-mem nitrate that 

hit5l heeen eteritbiet in ltie rarerr li-Atepe Of nsam *' S 

5tbtiutltena tiittoge' that meight eil.'uehe. A railav 30 Sporidgr ele ri.4 M 0M waa &Sarm-wu 

W~elt..,wroitei~zeirl cnrlseiie',. jereri't in -in aihteevetee lie~ls Stith ties unrtin;refeel leurre aeneti Ie ra u'2d.were? 

pteoeet sglsi eegee.~enteeettantl 

timl 5 imi llte irs. iadis eseueid Aje stutetiatl in tall reepeets Ce 

eo( the Ptee. nitrngt'on firing ;eeelirrw te to e le rtmt t eef feet file zeldifitmet eef 20 it sog elit~e nitettonism t.trate 

I ltems tie Mevt MI Of SWere.ISS. lierJIeSe it 'A%* nest enerialse'eleith ". et-ett tee fltmigorn Wrlielucarrefeeoverl, 

poe.4el frimal-~sesia-me to olaehew thms promever 

edf a 41iiwrter nitride tsleiee. tlitrieee.-it meay hare 

eeutisI4l'v rkianee1 anti cusnipitew iver takes by daW~li 6 , 

a~ong ltee nxio elf tow hnent,. 77~n immeplf esi, asetyg.- 

Iwoor pr-eerwt as, replaiaeneoeet ser "Itesuiting" at-oteim."' tiwne feet t'eal lesitm r'~~5feiotl'tt. fbillown jg which the 

The avaiLsleie nitrowp-nli'faing lisesiteel. thiA.e;eieyl teii~ l ummilsentieel m~ilfatt wasi titilcel to tttoveor 

due* nell rptelsbiiA the mxnnaeees estent eef a..ewwatiem lthe ceetnege an tile rel-'ltet. 

of elitreegwe with thee raer 

4 se~liw. Thepm. e riei ty elf the 7liri ntmtese ix Set. tea' ie( nitesepu 13 was theng 

cirtilok, tit 'iacae'not' tle( .6intleetie may~e le eInilmortamnt e't.er inir the.se .iniplse' ref euitsesge with a enaelsa 

in "otit'entt~ At ti lien later ofjorr. % heen. eneree"tite iP A .etrete'er. hinuere nitrogent (feweu n)P-'.. this 

commsnonly ci-ne-smog peseelInt-. 71e esatrnegn tlimit roin- msteinanu nitmrogn e'enteaineel in the est(-I) has .3 OI76s 

renttrateti. if ino .efficejint ameeeeet. maYme.puerate are a 4e niteesecn I&. The nitroegen in the propellant lptw 

diserte nit ride plias-e tin ereesveeg. eerjin e..eill it may rmentaeinesel. It '-. virtneisef tilee milelition e Ithe amtoeilmium 

oselrely rceznce tirthe o hitveli ee -is f the ireen uei- nitrate-. I) i42t~ ef eit(nftreegn I& Fromte these vriieze 

tndeee at the hiigh teromleerie-. zrie-eeh" byv g -em-netteanti ltse- .te eitee anal 'vie id the nitreetgorn in a given 

reerfaft-e. It is geeier&_IY tn r that .he' menn nitrielve, t-ample' it %%:so lineeilele to eea-tlelate that fraction of 

apepweee in r' 3 Ctccl ien with c-sri liee in tise' "cltamor ltlee teda niti Ciie e in thse eumpetle which iee teo I* attri. 

jNmithiete oef an etOeiieh laee n' erfarso."' 

Whilae it is ehaliffecit %witht eeer tlre'.rnt ko-lteeee 

leetteim tei the' jereenie ee lforltl'hiatnt nlitrolgen. 

fcigete 

unde'e~taene the mea.,nn fes Itict fimmsusieti~i tof nitridehv 

ief irven sander thee te'esetwratsere eeeliitiecne eniseeieotemel 

VADT or Aaaetmrrtoxii 

diuring lthe' frinvt 1 sfa as~im, thee e''eeteest eeseiiee s exsperielent %%i is oorrfpereesso tee denernostrate deei. 

leele-1 itseica~te a this i-mblilit 4c -ir~imsnal :eanti ar. teite a eseesile-te' ei.eeeiastictin eef thee aeenecninesm ni 

ejimitl nitrsjun %eeli h'hcc tfee' ItSie' *ccsfsee' 

wit h mierire-iseint doicestt the l Aice refaeee. 

mmesl~iee! tr~ite' hillt it i -afe~ to i-snees' seeesjdte' uhis-erietion in 

Its's ExsL imna oee eetrrminatet 1.- 0- e4 1123 few er:eseeg e -ekn site hase 

Nitroegen Peoseetration" eel P:e44..~e 110 seiee.te - -@se in the. Isle ed 

W.e~n e; eAIies~tls,(se lee *t.1. 1ie, features of 

CONFvIDENTIAL

11FACIfLM (IF NII 'EN.F lItTlE1 I:LN.MEL 303 

%iew oif tiii exeieirti'iii jA 511 lsirinin rvirlain~ite.de S.4 

Perita'qI in N-etitssn 14.2. 1. It %%:s tr.tasl.iicvil t hat Itle 

kIr.4-t Ic lowel wax unan:ffelrted 11v t hea:ssl. iinst'l 

440.6"7 S. 

byv 'eight sf ainsintonur nitrate W .1;4 g. I IiO II 

LunrT.17IoNcs on 1.%~rxprnT.aio!( or Rvjwi-ra 

The rrosilti. flwit lie interlimteil its the lighlt of1 the 

fisilhiwing Iimiliatiisww. 

1. Meraolmurr'nmeoawcwmm ra s.Ii whirls P%teudspa 

isw., pave4hln to a-iwalf all thp lirphi 4A a 

barrel. Con'secwtuently areal tljlferrncri in niitrogen 

------- 

A 

'onltent anti ec~chanrip may lie avi'rnpdl oit to ia la.rge 

"tetnt. 

2. 1"he depth of any given cant wnas &itt least 0.02 

in. I4,.) and therefore a feabure of lthe ;weneitrtion 

£ 

S. 

I. 

ocrufring in a .t;-er thin zone %% ulil have been largely:nmasked. 

71i6 i's uanfortunaite %ith rt-pv't tit the in. 

rv:*i tetoal arvtrcoen (liesuorfare rl 

Isiat is aininipsrittint in sdisraa--iiig fe~atures. of nitrotten 

exchange.-*I-.- 

1 lI 1 

-To atirmpt wall music to shmtu~lae blitre-susdee 

temnperattures ateetrring in larger blire Wino, nso tescriixxi 

in Section 14.2.4 for the work on carbon. 

The calculated maaximuim peak- tenaperatiaesf h 

bore ourface was therefore around 630 C"I for barrel! 

C. Basrrel n was fired at flth- ratw of aithisst I routnd per a 

weond, ~~itirh would rtas tIsA value for the Inst 

round by an estimated GO C. Thieve temperatures are 

stmiewhat in excess of the siztretoidlal tenmperature of a 

the irj)n-nitrogen system, which is' about 00M C. 

8 9 1N i t r ig e n P e n e t r a t i o n ` * t r ii i a 

The results (if the nitrogen pcnrtrn:ion sletriia 

tion*' are .hon in F gure 14. hItm-I It wrot a %ix-Iandl 

barrel ,~aade (if AMJ 2130 xteel conltanilng 1.5% sf ~ ~ - .~- 

0 

flan:iil :ife. bid no choiti rn i~i,. r twilyitls'emn~iii. Ha~rrel 

C l.s it f~.:r-Ilsns barrel mninf of IV) 4 150) Atel.Th 

C 

VAN 

0.4- CI 

DIPO isUC 

.0 S f 

bilimig m t.l -ii~l nota 14. T1i,'asvisn f nii'ogs'n trrsim prolti-t. 

I.Inerr'i..' in to~tal nitrogen ssintent is rourinod to 4d unprt-6.J .. -hI 30is o) i nWl Intosi't. The. I~rs 

lthe :,, rfnee eit's (t he firs~t a iti MT0111 s.i I rS Of theC 1n,,ti-w i nsiot n. -so~snt; it. tk hf, anArut4w 

gninphs wvhcre landis anti rovvie %%ire sparaitl). Alh itl avI4A1firis:4i"*i, .sf 5, 111 t...i j wsion 4s th istutat to 

2. Nit rogen trim the prinspilant ga-;tieettpsodt tit4 iii 

a comipirassvvIvl gecat depth bilbl nis-relt-roplacers 

4 

e'a. ji0. 11"Mii ss , f i,arrst I1, lie -tsilvr tihnt oft 

t',~Inon .It,, It itiiyk- ilirt ;. tI-oI It, Ch Irn~vh half 

.4prc of the original nit rogen % ith no chiang~e in the 

total nitrogen con ent. A.I. 

,n su' 2 ai. in . 3' ND. Crivisf No. 

CONFIDL.NTIAL

.1401 h~FFlWI.T1*4 41W tt1%W4I~tf RNT4 fw 1.11' Mir et.W* 

3. N*it mit.-ti fr-ew Ii.- ;eeew~loilatt g ~' ,, ist~tleen lela~iwivr.atiov Aill I- l...... 11Iwe~e;e~a.ti 

14e :8,ean-mt b. r tIw. iwreo-yi-e l jetI 1.1 et ngri s ile. t e eh eimeol hwr ivcri:,lole Ilicaa Ietegwaralmrf ntay for ,att 

mwlaCv. It :ct ave,- ib6t eli-iltI:.lnil Ifili-go- Doleew flee ,t1.1mo.111 teill at figlit I ,Iiii ;wmiu4om. awi .rIhtn=I*. 

WAu(3n mettit~abk Ora4lo. eieeettetr Ilteeill- rvpLLieiatjL tiri~tat Illae itný.4r..tv adf Illp Istanaif gpee. ow ther nwý 

aiueet"., aenel j. £minor l~w..tmf in fit. ..Airf-w. Thio snt"aar ' www o mdm eu~vnivsatoto mo ap in d- onp ii 

U.eaiflfiv$ ioll.e ti lt'.. uw*an..:4 f", O 1.11at'.fem~wu e ..atrnpc. f~iriti. j~wi'aliten 7. 1.1 liar nqmwrkJi~ar ,'iinilnr- 

.einehi--. lit fill- lirl- lt .~Im-.eone loissmAtle1. malde lwr ilY eell i tin'ttfn~1e.c'nnpmrlapan.eidnc 

^'%geaeclim-i at en Ip4in e I Go-e r thise jia-n-tae. 'o dOM lgI4Sr. -441,11t0t0"w lf- iti6 arlpaaimt. 

4. In twitm-rl. Arw lm.,mawiieaai . 44ii t~'et fri aeot t ir 

Iwoetw.i~nt =.* ai. limillw.4 iadt' lie'timrl.a'e e'el NOe 11"I" XT11140 mtruIm.E 

ip 2 ae'e'ewwlar ttum1aintim as till- .wAt~tcl ilajulDoi 

WOODIt'D t41011.1' ill. lows-.rn'eI f ill-t vmw.nwe~e mrai It e'eas lm~nllv lop' emilome'al the# 11iDocw-s r inu'm 

q leV6 a, c6.41ti1 clivmeuwa...ten thie- eglntte ia, I le'i 

nit newet (4ernla'tt . 

't- t ill ntail mt 

eemi'fea''emtt 

6~t i'cliemiriloeviae 'tittwti~b' lta"rthotwj t the 

.elte 4 HlnAts tIckiit'Lw'. It .4 te. t'!Zefl3a[A 

4mia'~lelctr ie. notigIyht -lf .011M a re'ia.ie tll-. bou:i- etiemfmia.e tee at Ineve'r ad( at'w m-mlion pnmelewie.. In tile 

l6-n il lim as I..ret'. It e.,at1r.. -eawe le e .wt le.t' Ile 11. 11tt0ev ee 4arttIwat INM11m~t'ttont the. tflirktaea of thi.. 

loonen .'emrfivee ina I mnv4If Mmilj4eltmnilote riepiol firite- aee il6.e Iyvar t-eebi lit .elv11114tileme. 

d 

It a roWin. tm6lv Ipt theickS 

ale.'it it, Owt momirz tlie.L Ite.... ei'. this- lmrerm4 ha~ell g~rtc'ergi drfia tr leri4nilazev tif 27 C." 

a eluffeitti11 a'l. aase-.t me freell KIesA' C. 'ralaie' I; itt. ienthat ir I mel oo i a titt'eot't mmCittet'in Ptc 4th a 

6~. '11e' helwa ekla'h .4 mitn'pe-11 4-Ndilelctp. iv. Kre-tt.' 

in tiel- leirumh thd ih i lrml' Ut. liA~ti'. .IiIedilt-re itt 

litth'leef-r 11Ies katlra, Ie'erraI C. 1'Iw1.01e~:11 11a'Iefle 

.4btflit taitrom umnm. 6W mirt'v4. cal-r tule Iere'-l-it. in 

T~io#t It. Xaeln.v'e D..ee..ed .4- Do herd Iniow -1 tat..1- 

wiN. I ol.neg-teeI~. tce-A it ttle "W% in ameteee~m "Dooete' 

,od ae.S.U i. MGW.4 U. t a %*VS. 

the' Imnm'l mielej'e'teei to unmetiol Rn.ifull pEmiat thup .1-W 

fa'e'nt' it_.. 'in' de' It net Ji're'tet eIit tetew- toif e 

- 

~ ' 

hww.* n'. Wei 

wdreee." e'.,to 

Nlead in as. 

~11aelaw"ti 

lIN. e"ltA. Diello41w of tp fi ewe.. th""l 

Imee.moee t(wo frot (petr re"ta 

~etwO(a.2 1'I 

IA' ~gtoree'h 11"1 M (.. 

Iteemel I' ie.1 

0ln.414 0.16 

4 

'eeititas tia'excre. eol inmoslmleiiv ee itailegen me it ilrnq.4etcaef (;nooe" 

m u 

" 

O~AM 

W 

mime-lmeit-.an %a'tel'Mit eauIlw ana-I jithat Ilerrea io n 1-vt - - - - - S 

mitliedste.igeg ititfletttet wiemie-I. \.' fei it iovrmit-i' thea eric'imilq-~t 

el- a. t , gect 31ij.610b. i limetitte. Ili.ee. tee'aamir- Lca-e'r %%oie ttlelte e4l mia aaam.eeeacili n 6r.7 .11eti lthat the 

:1.1.' addteIbittoel 1.1~' c alt-r 4'-eNIl ee Ito a'l ,r rirlitI alte 

file Imeet -atrfam'e. S.wh see a teleiteieep mtightt cettnitel. 

et-teitil at ie es mt thlee letteele weesthi for. hiile'r tha:n ia- 

fll-e gKpaseve'. Ice m'e~ial'e. eel eatifmrl8re ltkc'v it'iterat'l 

tiled to the' r:trbitake 

1:1 nV e' emtc-Icett aitecetr 

shlsel %milde Ias. pren-ani it, 

exici'te rialt at thlee -.4rarrl. 

freeta 11ir 'eeek'l eeert me'rfmtt' 4e it 3-in. Ittn Icy 

thlea multe-ieee e la-'rilit-el itsAt ~.eeio 11.1.4, the flukt'e* 

WtNro eare me~ive-,etahlela ttermi~.L etet e~erleievmieevtlct ise lee ("Delt tiel- l:1e1ct, Ieeeeetaillte I .I170 ititenenet 'Aleile the 

lee-.~ 4-Ieee-tee ,I t 11M It eIC ete1e' le(1,it CLet i 12 atne itt flai k" fmmee thle' grmiwt ave.. vine, l e,,I, O.3c'- mastnlegen." 

.e-t4ee li- 12. If it i. mi that Iiet g Otie-o 1444- i. ti'teiltee- i% hido yields1 j e'itae reeet~lill tiu'..ae m- fI~e the blevitgull 

is 4-'0tpt:.i'tt , aeingfle'i c. mii tie i,~el iiee %a- ect" tietlietil 4-A'iceeaimei inTabiclti fo leerM Cxr.4(. Ita;lvN-ati, 

feeeevee I.e lit' thee'-C1e'.' em ~ijieei~t'h .1e % .e I.' tiel teatriel'teieeeetaioet is twtee wva.rit*m tive landsl 40 

11.4ee vviett( eemlý "t e"'MV'e ee s %eeieIeithe tlie, eer. a vime 1tv itee u the' giteaec, A (eerie.r ehvii.-..-ieea eer fle 

I deIa gnmino. 31am:: ia'If 1 ethle' fklc,, :iv~ 1113tiVnee Ila~ te e0a1411141 

le114 l.eefee 4e~getme eepeet.i-IM-11 temgitee.le ise ita'll ie 12.5.2. 

eeeeil,\pinie'eI. A't nl~el e411 f It t2 til tile- 1ee:eNifieettet Nlo-fal.-grapliie ee.- J"se tseteae.e -e'.tli eeetv eel 

te Ieei.i-tecte-at tvie.r lm etqiet i -fI ifliteg elitrinj:t~ :citqve leetme It A-leeee-i etc eie.e'Ieeeact~t eel e'n.A-. moell 

firileg ill a cahl.lee 7.41 leectOe 1-1 .el..t t114) ( el:4-ieetf ite. ele....eeaiehiv ciie-I~tge ee e4mtttirat ermt.,oIli flytee 

mar1. fiege time teed.e- fitt ;I re-Meleer .31 icer-i t11e'-,e hriteg. 

CONVII 1WNTI As.

a' 4 ll* ~10MA"It"1 41 'I'I111E. 7NMII 161 111)11 tia %%l 'it's~ Oef t Is INV ams. Io~ N.n* 111e.14. ts of V 4 1 fit 

*% lmiels %viost-IIA11; it. III irk %%i eliveromttrhI" kIrm,10.11 C W~D42,. 

ew 0.6141 in i ofamerue4wo. Vow PsammsAiee Lat vieu4a 

11He'eesei. ;arlieeaml 46"a A i 'qstsmcicerWiieti eel Ptte xs.ty. 4wret-eestri.se slifr.,rtiem riteltieeels, the. olmree 

IMicMlct' =t. 4-.111001 lbe s.teeliteql lew :.Iftij . tlm. roete. cetion-ilvel of( title mmoe~ll uiet-atmaurlkr lelemek... meitle flee 

elaeteeie'al eti'tL, ( eae~ec-teeea. Ie lee %i . Wind iodmeeie e eeelilerom :2,te a,e foltrt~ ae 'ii :eleeeet 11.1110 ill. e iolt. It ill 

ese'411ee7. l ilt'K les Wthe 3-1i7 4.1 ,iell o eft hlfk is imolmeeeteati2 tee Lwowe 

imce. %miablmi Ity a ntimtgael sliok -Ah&eeIt leeealaske aim& n- . alcw (noteeiticve ju timi. rm.latiee jteelf. idlm flee 

les-L... time gut. Iifnseegle elite -.geeeemaell fitter flite, 

-a ry lemmewraeImeti :fill[ i ~n-emm hae~e livmen n-meleeeI."' 

i~et le' 1-i-1.te u ret~t pse A5't~tItP 

. m ow tuIfoue #A 

lieteselveet ne gtiimge N it 5evmiser~pote4l i. ill t lee tnitceeft- 

'11.aiti ,em'e121is :ei i.e id:,l olIeale.ctisn. f(motls eem1l ive im it*c... l:Nlcerimenmt-t e it,'remeihm lo Ii t l tac~eme. :asrset. 

11.eteltilena'.. losee t it 6eel 

thzat 014-4e,3s1 4eaesee iw lee 

L . e.slcevmsmeeseeI* eel' t116 t 3loo fltjlmpse-ele~l.V4tI egmie. loxyrgim1. vrlmo 1114eemeeqeenifle. eviio 

eea :4t4-64,1 ee(ll.m imastii 1,d. IN'll s1"its ~ile.:a an. aeeel -earl aeljil SinVas am er im~lid'ate' 

flatl reeve-C it mien aimee Isll% slimeetlee mleestangtV tel cetlow :ar'ti ille eat :ielea'7. 

'ejelt tilee "Wlhissolbee ties otlir S6umee,.l11tW61e1-t1. isa 1eiN. 

ititeh~E1 ptvwvee.ie'4y itrneoe.weeeteeemplih.!ly. Fiariearn. 

it *1iddeee Isr pea--del .0 -olto eimriele' Ieemsd tlite"11el effrelte 

rwm.o. 7. mati#esceeme ollu.eee sel powse-wmw eel 

3:e3lleeflyte.eer.e. wtqe meIf age WWV4 sot4s Sw 

Ininee Owniee-eanl attest. 1v lit-e ivoo. -of ane jiarmi gLm.. steal, eite.ee.~ a-.ivr e eeeseem .a4m."" 

tilee lee.ersv arn oeieecloire. 

ewePtioil..0be Iww~tme* tenmswmttlemi 

IAto .t, mmeiv e- sm -it :slt, :aapcol tove, theate* eeifal n"mIimen pa Ae.mVttf I1) 2- 

A visfreeowe 

ovuelemt 40 mot ined-tetc ieeeb ;eteeigf-tilaitei *-1iseze %%:I.- 

13110-20M 

.tbtfltO 

Il 1W11211I 

1 

ameleieetsemnmvtaieea,.el tv e'-.a' gtaflit- fiess lae:tio~et 401' :ithee tll meu'm!W3op 7t- 

,te'e4 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~ro l 

too.a 

Man.%. ~ ~ ~ ~ ree;114 ~ . 

ese21. esst maeeeea .. 1.- -60.is it:. tW I.i .aflssv -. ei 6.l teL.imt; 

moejemtit * i;tei ceiviexs is( tile :aeailaelmlle :111ae:notiS.. *Te... -A e.. ;I eeeill;, 17 . M i No .1 se.. s mo- e .011 odtomloo 

11Nito Ve'1,,1 41481 . to oooop. m. (we mN 'ts. #4.- .2.. esee.. .eb 

I,'"tigeivill m:e teeeerabl eI vism'ee. Ilift the' ,a-eiril knopweem 

re:artilm cmi hwleec fi-wreil..ni ee ift I isamgelr 12) that :an, wete r 

1 c'iieet.ittt eatior 1'r~emoetC 

t-1161e I... jim letiafitleto v cleet nets ciifftr~etiiecse" I2.a Ilie~ retlift .( flit- riFae:l tvieeex-m ar'l'an Teo tol' lilt- to~ ( 

-1110e sfi till-' ka:--flc's'I a~cnet it ile'q , t.0iol e*.Xper. its. igemifi;eI teeelol.erateit' To is :6 fmmeee't ise eel flist- iatie, o4 

,lit,. 01111e'r %%4e,..mmmc 

. e ither iltlc'Iteleee se Will seat ' ftil~e611 lJm".1411 1. lim flit' itliti:11 len-wr~e 1'. ;e. ex1- 

Winec ci 'uhlctmcttct lin-.4,4sem ley veipsatljem (II 

t 

Test k Ic:, th-'.16111 teel-1 list tit 111i.1P Iwitsl~g illet is Ieaacl~~jlj:stllCessie-w 

Imv111 e.1 A m~ttcct ee aleec thce. lim Iem- Iccal t ml 01m-l~tail veicmttc Alut fitticl 5W:ec len's'.cen im 

ge-estte: ctcemmelcistl %~teatclcab imcfssemameie.m. tlccectvattsctt teelesi,- eemswa tee flit- imoiA~e lereesceca icct 

;& Wiv,*te VAm' 'insel j& ftiv'l etssmteti sf eccck. 

teat l'.~eenama'tml*l le~tneeeu Ieest.- ttcli tct 1. ; etiffivth.%%%ccila flt~e. :ee eil~ais' iat). 

lK1;11, a'. %ct ee :6 t..1411se esev cc thte ;eleessma ;111. fallilig 

'1ee pp.r~eefsfte fee adci;ttealie eetetel.,eceet..i- lweighti emceeelitaltt les thme i. %%c-Il iItlt'aftiesel ill a2 tI'chee1. 

Itee. I dvtjeImm eeeeelit ill IIM I.4im SlIecej rcý-osalittte Iv s-sat-I ite'meesetsI isatigms l13. hItme 

CON FIDIN2T'IAi

Y*W KV~fottMino f9 n'vermixot OW9 IWS*:n C~ 

K.1s iao .. 1111,,,liu,- 1-11pn.-w 1114 z enl-tNr11 "m' we. inght I..,.,. tor im taino in later diameter of the orser4. 

erril tlmew,. A is I h ' rult tha:t ai iwv)..? lort-ls #4 i. t nuosev I'gw Ovv he44 I' av r n aftop~wrilae effert. to 

sttprwl %hr te i- .. torr teml . m 're eau I..W. tI.."' .4uIt. ftu3sew6sPahn:Md (anwa 0.(114 toa 1).1in l 

TAIA ivsv floor, Min. axuimaa Piessutols amA. temp.,-ss 

atupess mttaomoss In rlv 'iao.ts gwawse nolu1 66,ixfoll"w Mrimiw Po2 

iawtli.'wte..list, ian:,tasrn frosmi 4most Ito lmhse. WVhen the 

hiaximl.ini rr.nvI.'.I prtwhwane in Talhh' 7arre .'sinwlwww'd T wr1 eas.4 lb lueksoldwete4p to the .clitoun 

sith thow tof tie.' lotwte poev,"a it its fiteiwud fithat( the1 xs's in tier P&t wear olofevuiw lov the northimbf 

theose prn'somirrs .*'w'vriv the Itirtial ;mopo-..eissef nitfonen iEx."yn. 4&'etumfrn.-luse IFertie.. lI 321. The 

anti iIt '.w in a lusn hsilt nor Mlmost root5' I fiv rat- 

6m. moseop"ower. T1w tuit fooa- rsw~w ie 'ssosealt lhso 

"on tol'6 lo4 iwfis inif'atmli apno"hing. too~t saith sit 

~mr Wtfoses" .4 amie,,ite. muallosite (Fw..and 

for eltse Pis~ixlerw ý.iutsimeatisg the' is eoirs a tracie I it frotp -vtopitpwmooaa in adili 

relislowae. It iss itiv635fl't:t its li~ttl. Ivivoiiit'. ristoI iieS ie s tipto to(esa file sep 

F'igure IS th~at. a he-n-.. fill- t.tita tilipe it 01fi111 %%no ~cAvins Ix imm amet vetileiw h sr tolvel" dif. 

frurtiovei, 5 

inrittooei thwo, vsi~bierttul its the =s nsizltaers, 

in Table ". The issistr pergihset a hics mra. prob. 

*1sh' vfurnned oy a tves'.krl intenrurlhsn it-so magnetiefte, 

whichs Wall asimolimvuw bjetifled. particularly %b e* 

amiD ~ ~ ~ P rpame an~msedt ailded to the Oppo. In 

..... k. ........ 

a istivsel of the artim of forllqslant ga~s's omgn Vi tieel, 

a Very' thin film 0el 0s00fite was, often foutnd covering 

tither it ast isw p hrothoo," losat althoousgb the rnvthnissil 

elevis'. to e.'ess theme Woolieswfae, novortitai 

4- 

712m " sleaoikitoo tea the fooit" 

lo o the prwoesot Prvep 

wet offs ntiflood 

Woman Write w SP I.Ii uetlssi 

ass. mat tonosdert ng prsluects 

One many nof the vProrneftost ostoojere-t to mospalipk 

Fo'Am: 513 O."MttWsiA vyit ".h v ol. thefisr'sooto a. a 

fsavwivoss od firms-i olio atv' spt~r16U. netmine maoosoifiaatimeeliv. 

Tls.- form. lvi.. t-. .ifll.6..tt.v 

*si'.tvaie-. Tie. ofna' voloi5 ,sol too .'~ al 

IAnng. Steo 10 albvils thvee was in jelentre of debug in 

the form to( toegnwver graphitic aradia. kaoose mallg. 

nstite. anti3 orgeine ruiplaoloansh that re"wlltvei fromPo a 

5 1,.'arme I rnmis 

apart. Ms i~lrur V awuv mgiv.'anA so teepers a isN 31111 

11"W"sa No. A-429I.) 

dete'witorntiten tof the parkingi. Thisntnulessamefirmturo 

wait PliminaleiFrs hat'k4n a Aingle sh*t. 

In many voms a rt oaf the pattern was mot iel-.-I. 

of the 6ic.'4red onie-r of umagnitudie, the-e ortuinan.e 

ptes.woisi wereP os,'~tainr'd for uenk a fnratiuon ofEelse 

total timve -ind that the ipeelmren wass alte'rvitti-lv rxpseseel 

to emlekil pot anti gms at the dr-,irerqI tentuhwrtifiroi. 

hitl this .wltwkaem. pattern iorisuwnly identi.-al for 

Arthreoporimpneo ooodwjorfev to nitrogen. Of t he known 

Psoiloinnern that n'o-ik Ewmni the interaction of proptel-. 

loint MM-4- with gmA steele'urh an renicintite (Ve1C), ir'vin nitrid~e. (FfteX MW Fe%,N,, cromplex iso,, eV3. 

attire andi preo-virls. nitlewe. sidltitearfena.osiitxisle tFrO~L. ao,'e'nite (xan'. 

It 6% nioisu ulifficalt f6, m-ilhuti' then aI)ipfir-wicetrnc-s ma-mmpr rointaiweinit &-iovro C (tr N or tsaihl and 

of the gas, teritpornituere. Speetw'uphutolme'trie nienas- nliuetiupie (I'e',tst. twidyr nva~1ttite, iii. imi.-ntueiFl. 

tirw'ments a . the gas? tcnmper-twurori in ti pin rewiteoelew ie ~ui-ew.n- toe116bltC Ithe 'ever. 

in Sor'tien 2.5.5 %-oodfl indiiiue that 'he. 11uwtuiulluvuu, it~ vm4 the. tvs.4iJ vi w-MPloltr.-t fuem.) (isoflaiiteitltiifedv 

troolpenutueis iii Tal~l. 7. %% ith the ex.-eltwievn vf ergien. lorlsiwo. 11ie. ti-I. pofisoruewi wr-e oniy axist oneare 

Mýflhie-A ho lst% teer than vie-irroi. Im-flirtuiuarl 1.. the tvnth no. -6.n.mejl it 1-li. wptrifn that the "jnitoltivune 

tolixtwsri. of( these testt iterre ismALi 

W6AErsosinn- W4. Im~jwrnweeuwmoaet.. in .Anparatus*S 

Air. lehitimn. it TflJ6O. liehuseogre. ra rluown fhieetlie. .'earr-idtwilt or u is ih vsnmweg~in.wl tlt. lihe a atlwau 

nd "Amon Oh fa~ i' (a ie toa prodisiee a rlu6'-ieir i i A144- app~i flthisunt aoa 4.vmlr 4v it-. Awsertm ,"iuug. ini- 

CONFIDEWNTIAL

*)tYt~?1i4w 1 W fAtpLLqs%13J. 31114 

r.41".inj l ditr prrei~ttogatui. "0 flu p4uTm-1-o l0 i... 11-4. f 11". fimpt 1111.1 tiaaieillo(wki, 1111Wii 

2.an mietimts j1nointl-I' w y ur111in,. I a ittrotrlcr ntI-lm- vitnttn. fior l:.tt fiia vvtvinblmit. A lit' -.111 

*r4mo I~IWO aliii I4 

1. X.A44 an rwn aTt'.tet n in Iart. e4 Cos u. 

ap. p,.lim.11 Im 14i1o d IN.i .tjweiR.f auION-foil in ma4%itsn atos 

c. ~~ .sirtl~nt. 1uolswfviti 2.4 Al hi him--t' its i. Ise eltnrr I t~v r wimit maNwm.t ley 

I Iirot 04 wel ieviau at iA Sulurms 

flor ttit g. io-on w iat. o reyolphriie*Ivi 

.4 a~r 31W34 Ink V :11Igi-naitim Iv 4 faritor t.f li * iun'crozIe Pt1f:LSh 

few mnlosimmlfl t :ut altv ~ 

,-.toy 1t titlt Ittji ( teif... a ewfant that 

An ajoIa~rmitu whiltd wate 14% htave1'4 lefo bilt is M~ighIt S41ign"# seilt' iir emlrn' 41 file tii"t'smtutble vc-. 

.tap'c'imemitelw 4%1 im, tl di. ht.v iarlse'4.ivirn -.ut (smitinieD 

ltv-.tt isml"~ 44f at tile tn.I11o 11t l4t Imnt-jlre-'r...n Itazi firni vehail.t iitsn 

lte,.~'s Jim umsillilwi.i $4 a A.igDht litit pm 

h I ovtiier. Itit 1. netw tpic-lel to oehalte 

dimplett't.1l li ..-. t#I xretri.1.,t,( 

attIl i*dmihni dimideil. eviiiq' limtitiatio to( theIn'mo' ,utgrf-ijq.* 

tbLor. that an. ttupilsel Ivy thp Is'..-%&. ato tin' tw'*i .4 whileill( tin',iular -iingh-I..*.. Imodeu.l. wlind, paumfitw 

tlwin' Ivniag pt'ttm astel tlwimipmon %-liia. tlogt'tilif In- aw. rahm. ~~t imti-oieia'~i. ure lauigdr tarltmoriing. 

GAS 

P,.iii t~. '.,.4,.d it hu.cmln i.-t.aW'klC 1'. -u.rv-st j5.e.. t",,aiI i uil, Wbaihl gmfi~wort utitunuft tfee ian- 

.h-wuar fo,t eloflc uoiv.,n-0 ie 11w matath.h tm'l.t.-e. tisigm- E', a1.1.-ap a- Vioviar. 7 tin N* U 1)W 

W\FIDNTIA 

tietnu N.. A4t7.13

(01aa11et IS 

E.ROSION OF GU'N STEEL III DIJFFERIENT PRlOPELLANTS", 

Byi JuAn X. IldiJtite ry' 

luINTHOItL MO(N Oof tow. than 5111) niw&s--, ttu'lriowj."Itk'solwors 4at 

Trit,: Tll11ING' off 10111 i'd4 Uilll qlitTI'Vet ..pm'lhAnt 

.o,11r isno~w iaw mslert-laivo lo'v Ilivi.'wion 1. NDI)I, 

inlif cloolor 4'14)4 15 i'Io 

141"'i,1tw14 the' t111141 . 

altlhovigh ,'.uw ikru4awl& 

.mw t lmw iv -w tima 

i vloorall ditghiif'g'61i 

WIIY w. j on ieni 

wi~a a taipIk. aimg: .lfo~ iril'iidgwl $INIM1 w fthe ftw offi ' the Trvwqstp16 olfhll 

tewling ansI ra.il ,a.91 is( e 1. P-Ath" to'ssmfing titleh MMIP~lh..booll .0 t~woolleto vinswiiinwits 

leimi 6''1i4 iii~ ti Li-if v Ii:Ili v lwl teit llb zf the' varl16Niw pum4cirr t4'IgqI ala" Utifo in)ttlJlt3 

.'i1K IsIItwer'i' 

mnentaltttth.l 

were aiiaili' l': 

4 

4 bt h4' 1- 

ei'l'ntive s4 iffio. lw fiiilIu. bitiiwool 141 full inlet' 1tone vono. It~ #~of t.w* oer~otiv- 

liii,4if the .~'s Tlici'. ohl.ev ,into ne . h,*t,o.e it( ,isieorwuw'5ate w4vr,,iof4 o3. tlnwc id 

Ii allv ill f1.'i~l~e rvil4 if 9 fix- i'~4'vigilevi hivg 17ho-,W'I,4'1l. Ttii '4 fiv ismiledri w ithin 

pnwnpIM Off t4-.tinx. tin'. Immilso te't'ehe to#sle 4iffm owrolwsh alftlftiII to 

A mmovt' Off the hnititi , h.owls u it Jna 

4i'pi'lehl~l'4'I tol' fie~ l~~qitii.I, off i*i0t11 

1139st tllit thclie I.widwalI for tv,.4imt. 

111f (now, It; it-I 1wa.. 161ns w oolot, ors"AgiamoItivi a Cos.~ 

44ptleaiw.11 l lul d W4*t4 bei miet'Kvq '1141)I .1~ il44'it to iifinl t1ant tle4,ifitlli. i6H'l-lc.4 gin Ia urticts4. 

haol fnlrl he iw .iilt thatd 1141t 4 slvW1 hIiI.A.Iaii lint i-I lotth flu'lame troops%~ ,,(V t4illt' 1t.,ik- ne to 

Pzwth't u,4ibr eive'w) tIfl 'lgI' 1 4a I'6llmoCe hi"t the I If(' lw4-it intuit a ti the laiiyl slowing firnig. The* ferirn 

ernant of.10wlol lose h rwi k kw vjm'nl 44whrt'j'uaL 

a the' ra'laitn ipw!, u wb Shtw~eand wnf nwtw tpiar 

con lie linm'rl titawelein'ormr. %i'it-111111 fr-I,.. in ithirls jnorn'u,4ioi cfsitumf raftr siymqwnie. taiglr ffinw' 

etnuioin V%30 ho.liilta~~t litiy Ii'iii taAwa WI)' lii tettilotai'.tlio". Thue. anobIr ~ "tM kc~m firi'i 

f.'4' (]w66 in file' i"4lflerim('1t..icirii ill Q4''iiqn niilitiatnlof6. u,~et na~r hI' rla-4finl #on a Ajinste of 

14..1.2) hall -Iwoon a rmiwii rooetwlatio",i Il'txve.n erb- re'litie9 qfrmiei'new. scrioliii;tot their flaun etmrper- 

Pimin and1 file flamle t11l~ileal~ulaitr 46fif te Iui%%1i'Adr. antlori. 

lDiv~ifwn I wi'ablel. It.. l'iiiihi2(iiigalf ii iXtt'wive m,.eww 'fit".'e n'-*'atw, dutoi flowI hrit2ki-n9,4 not-n that the 

Off nerim.'Iitr~lt te-to 11a1ea'r 1-r-fatlly i'.1atnoltcl 44,11. Imirca t6'tliilu.1aliIr lnuui. ttis~ rnov'tino iff the howe 

dituiwni to( .ifflrn'nt trgnp" tol 'a''i~tv. too ela'tqeiiaiiae l.ifhai'. linmit-iiw thei lowmu tolirtini.'rn. Rather 

Iflflt fitat lvi irt: t iniA-iiiit I iaiiiig ivIX-A. 640 juiVl ICrl. 

their :166 :adw 141~ thI' vim- aiwl nlwalultinldo eff prilthe%.y 

otiv'ii ;i.:t t~lempr2t1 i the lget'ilel' tiguliktti 

of'Auier .1 ''wr~ 44aiv'' hamWli2I*o l10 i~j'fett. .14sc1 u 

-6644 tr itir s ' v11 ififfertl'1t lwlim drew. rix-maicaI attai'k by thie 11.lwimproa4i*Jal itfurmition 

rl)6i difitfvrvnt appna1111lai' i'tt4' twide14 toolii file ItvlO n~I li3 ru1kifil I,'. thet lwailoot. X-cxr etiffmzeti' ia wnoig 

term of t i-it-t-ivrorI te-'.l iiivihit 1mwI. *l'161i tilli 1. drra'' ,1 mel l~tr3ltaic viltilllit) iiiLt Off 9the lidrrit4 ti','t(l 4in 

cme ram. flip aiitua f41i rimg' i lv ii, 9 eel harral, at Ioili, life dii lorjnmcr.:ma 4As m,.l~d light fil 11)4')' lyieh4atift-irm't 

pro4 ji'Ihikflt.- tirmitir 44idi liii 4lu o64 h~igh uix it.i~iiiwi aqht nuilti9hetir tlh~lbt-wiiw l mifot t-nt~iirill4. T'714' 

itY (3.31K) fp') antit if(I. ltimrpirvtih.41 v3c fljl) ). it'llem .4ppl it'I '141114-.41 of 11ie' tIt pasl vit li.-tafI the 46-1145 it 

k',4m ilinl a it lnali ýfll4 'ituiitl;itv~l firiliot mjliai 41 jti s iii aJ of (lialiti-r'r 12 :uii, 13 6' lu.. 4 . 

g~un (exel'pf ffor tile etlfrf* ptmlmieel l'Y , .1 Intmivi-f ii 

lby ltiirwi if( it ivlfl 4I44Ig. rIlii' 14 4CCjaIl I iier i.I :uI ac- 

4u1 ",ttt (Aa fo itie il v- ol, mk t gunl 'ted ill the (14449,4' 

It loia. iineitw rrrd juxil' ermly in flor 1rtigmmr co 

ni ii,-l 1, :1- "-IA five'titwini ill ~C41 4.t. ithat 

4 

Cfrt:iila .I44116'' vilirt Itt 1.6life 4'4y' in %01 e1 -,Iuxnv4. 

N I 4949 lt'. 444 ~ 444. ~i~l.It*44l~r l'-. 1:t131c,1 IN'411I' (ItilMlir*'' ,u,.11134'll I , a? ".44444' 41it1'1. 

n-Thi' A- Ii,- i" 411". b's 

'I.ipft "f 

4,lI,.w in fr'lr'I9the 

308 CONFI'IENT11L 

it%

faeift-. I'..w.1or eep-t*ni- ral.iv cieiir ay hall,-pti. 

111C11e4 aooljfljegAeo iact Of 1111111-161111 6 Oi-4-11'" at time .ttsl 

off tliii- riwioe'r its 14cigj,,qi IGs.. 

araxt.4l alitl :arilrrr-tijie- Iolfie't-,c lsce thirl ,etit, 

wa. -rmrnevcl fmoot at a oiciim-r Ioallit.'.ireve kilb Ijt e- 

4,t."Xvti Iriviloesl~aI ~,i"It-iI iel P-t lly ct o11tegivso after 

tlse firinit 4@( 1. 3. 109. :silul 71M toigoiiili' "serfivey. fegq 

111F.I MID4 #W TP-%Y 

MIS S alier Ervio Te~iu-Gun 

Cialibe~eloritev rtn .ill'n, u 

#ill* lisoweirr. 

* 11II1h~r hon-lo. Te4o, with siviengmv"Ii fo16.tJo, 

wem maulle with I hi IAtargeo Acljasmotl tso give. nmezzlov 

o 3..1111 ± 511 fit'm %ills 4:ntdu pntweir-i. Thi* 

Orv A45e3 

Time. tIIwr m5 

.*oiesY33..1 eMM~itt,' c.w 

o~wity wall tIlse hrigos-t aft-tairniple with a full eviiefif 

the* i11wdeweu having34 the* lowlt Ipatestale.u 

tt x~w~~r gn. ik4lt"AbeI in Tivoli plifle artiilerytyr.4j Ifirtilb went gawk witb 

t o *f nvn "Olvilootj*. the %*irpg at.impet.'cl too Igive. nmotchisn. fmforir istri-w 

4i4n. lliu.50ue m~with vi the'.uliginto rifling tirvos off 5ii..tNO too 58093 l~i' (tisi.,,l)e will& 3ebc 

almol Imoellet 4-tt shapveil tee n-terire a 2M-ecinv ear'nulge ixmlwik. 

rave acef ketl tbewn too Ii'eold I valilosr ..A) lmocliet. 11mbam4A 

usedi in the' gun in thel testinic 14 iliffernis 

Te~st cat lailghew ballistic lieve wills pre-engi'wc4 

Imadl.4mo wti. ,augle.will, edaripo. catiju.te'eju tgive 

iriwii itm ere 1114111411114m Inorr.-Is ucte~k eif WDl smc.gsle* veliit-iiti- sot 3.1911 ip- wicenever pe-is~Lc.. 

4150 1 nce1ifif'iri gun steelI. (hil'ii-a e~~lr~~ 41t twosl Firing SInuode-nc. 'Me' .eamw firing mieduhetui wasi 

rreiscrntaolive teanred.are given in Table 1. 

TeaLg 1. (lwittiml msoulyw to twit ninitmt.ieO,rIue'nt. 

W1.eeee io ee tin OW laIw .50 K.1".,frOlc 

0 im IRV 

f~lalkseowd in call fte'e. 11nu' rate tof fire. wuas 4 receando imr 

nailamite.. flo. tnca4a1b0 t0w4n1C clii luke micev there xg fohs: 

11) nomionli (fer nioca..inwmnitii off loe-4r canl reliswfty. 

3.S "1411410AWte feet" 2ete14oea an 5111I b'onjew litciWl it- 

-"0 ."-- vety. Ililio cyclir wait nicecaleol until Ilhenouh ofrieb 

PP4mn00.0160 

Sit [fur 0.0111 

0.010 

0.0160 pV-XOr ~On IheAifg. AMeeOUea inl igejrP I Of 

rim 

Corniw ~ 0111 outS 

~hsI0.119 

(lnoeaecw0%1 

~M3.lem0.111141 

11.tv~teeegu0.2.3 

0.013 

. 

0.160 

0.911 

11.0114 

0.*2 

0.1113 

chapter 1i. tihe ceuiamcahcr off lIc [to iente.in 

io fit tell wit It a .evolwer etitnic p.auge (or the nxiainpuw 

,14-i~t off Iam:t'Cijlllmll INOH joooe 1' cINP-4 . Time zecu'ucry of 

thi' wmaoe io estiemcsetee at 3 jk-r ren~t. but it iA etgr~I- 

nizal that in theele'terminatioon ot isipnettre. the value* 

Ilme trgue .pre..e4re. J1ccve'nping healce v~~ .u i 1lce"eouqpiwr 

BUL~rs 

Tate, trines off buillet,. ere' firsil: preniograveio aoel 

I~or Ity 203 gx'i cent niakc.' it :afejcnreimately eelivall 

teo thle pres-eore a"s teceaceeraed byt a p~iozwe't teie Wqugw.. 

Nit-ansoresucetto off velemity lvirn musde bky roceant' e 

artiite'ry-tylge. heodhit %ot hirbc are it-wrjil-I in $eoi't two, 4-enenot rine,,wole0 ti.an .Ahcerele'e'nOype' chreono- 

11.2.1. 1ccec~ oor 0f thepe tw,40 type" ee t mohl' 11ets 11est- gc-aph. Mle rehurcititeie reporte an. instrommental vegat 

toil. hrv eicpro.1 :4 'visitieertel cie -epocrati-ito o4 h-tivt lent 26i ft remo, the mintezzl. uanit it it, est imated 

tile PTV,,iv- ef4fort oct lith- heO gKce' teeet lwe hocem 4e en- thbat th1e eleviactiepia 41f anyr T-instlo velomeity f"3cu32 tile 

gravinog sfrtr--c- :cec frictiost. 'liceces a wxiowi Ole-iteO iiccean i'- im1 gc-tree' than 0.5 jwer 4Tet. 

co(til e erie-it cnie, 4 l~eeol -sv giveuc picolcl-lactt ahione I'.ceoiclff Rfe'. '119- M1040)o Oft thve gonl lAnife Wall 

14,111dlie 4os"1114"ei'j. 4eleteete'I tcr icita,uricc in ranstimi- %up,: It % diiccccbipm 

eh1:coctc', ole I:1114 amoo 

1 

0riwove eIi:ccccdcr". I~v 

CO~NDITIONS or Txaic 

liccee'~ 

c-aige: itll jet16mil eeeier ss. ,oil I:11 time. elcge ve im ify. 

o 10n c.joeac cliaigl eu~ec iee l.ee' l Mciei"eft- l IAe tileuierooi hoill'tile 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~i 

it err. e:mrrie.i I ot it itlte or O e-etaot woeI 'c 111v' l:1111c :1000 41 oars- ti~oi:ets04r,' NtIce allcea~lrovii bye 

th c- ,writsc ju%4lve hl tice o cr-u- NcUAefwt-ir twu el- cot 111c14 1,:cogMn TIlceoit. ter tle i:1e1lI- riliged~ 

CON FIDENTIAL 

41S

4tm 

iw 1.. 111-. 0 1 11 vi.a . vi' haka o ntoicra h 

(Po.nt 01,51 in.. Ids 0J.52 in. ini -felp..4 AIMJ) iaa. Wit. 0 

at~s Dilie,,. L-11111 Iraqi KMWIV tia"ta, ýIPM4osi 

P-04-lf~i .ioit vhitv.' t ,t4imes-a.n'gievlaffs were' msaile ' Mlwa' "Ot-in vs'.Aa'. wh;A froattls for. a*4f4r.'ulf 

ilauring flip first It) sM011.1 If .4 ri g'rtca l Not'e~ 7111J 740 rean?. fn'. 14111failjfs.' :1 P?,lelrivut rhaviluer w.hic'h .tmamfaltn. 

11 r-11Mw is'wagi~~ .ls'tt'nuaina'.l :11 tvarnsa, *Itr Iigvx o ht~ w vsital n 1 wtieviho't, a' pfenavicipimp. Tim e 

emk'ulating fill- awnis a lfllsf ltt 4li6.gMsniil141s twa tarto. vic-to arlowerl at ift. nazaxair tyId Ailb a riaiiaI"Iulacraftm. 

anlow' btY life -M. P141-6t~ , t. n1 IMi Ift ("ami fl napfaaw diolk. Ther Ps.iocis.l Tawevoil I a cham.&saw 

!umts. volslwaaaof 2.32 t4 Aw niel. toso'tIh.r with it*. fitimg,s won 

tleallo't "o4£ver a... %- ,, naila in mi'tseli.' andael atinc #luck.off .\*j,. jIi.?u ..eql. 

cruvrowtet13and vt ioilao .j'f 4tgavins " I' .%fat' 1', ot /'it.. '111P' .yli~nIitil pilulosw for e puw la'?rov 

ljfiufiel n114l~itnflf -. f flipa .m.6 ...' 1 lootuwlf.r. 14-444 It" Irs tra:t I 'ar'ttl 1ss a laanlnemot so( ItfarwkelI C-iS as. meem- 

C'ikloalsm ann e'talt:t.l I.fveo I,,f y 454 ill- repno.ialisillility off tiore at thes. evrut nil u(t .fl he. rylinclear 3xis Iteui 

Frao'ekba, as . is',ery gi',e pnrro''lik" lIhsw.'var. 41fillitig Of fill- firtl. 'flat' k-IJgth tl(!hC Pilip ll-R 4 in. 

meetratEt laaim cat 5'41It'I taut.. ar~tY mum. 

1 . And thee' Ppit~ $nww SmPanim'inaai.r Aiuwk .-I....l that tile ervuilwu .4 

ra'.,If. ill e%9'.lsi :w't lr,inta tit Iv, 'sal. ifiotl t141er. %pa.,to imarn-twil 4£ tIif Ils lit'imiitguiw oa tile inta'rios 

unito Iitpmt. *lw. ha-it *pnl ft. the' lsp re nimir %%aml . 4,ta mi~rfna'. it wu alot.'ral.'. fit.m fling' itia qrf~w tiale 

a1iltmin frolics taeal~ie''ttrim .tim~e mirvrc wiiss I'er #wstw-fha-.t pativalnfiu:le. 116i. avian utt.. mnet nptoiawd 

arccnm ntl ttnfi~ittl', :eand SIavew.ttttttax iiw'.nI- It,% fir't reamlsingf file' v*enit OtRIO in. tlnuk'nxia and 

mr. SIJ.'I-aI haarr'h, -At antI wi m l aiss,. 111:s'h1i.lel ch'.iu ftn Lilmimm" ap li t'll su'faept, toOAl.aewst 

ho1jisa.wwOwaniso ilrila r al m e oa.ii is wkitio k..pflaw~s Mal*.& T~wIme Powve 4.kc werr ..tamna'a 

thew'. Item'.aflh'tiet. ". 

;total tile. ta''tsy, 1 m'were Inovu a mitigig' th,'el ,.f a'hejw In",. hnavings ttuirkncm. 

liAt.'.'. At *'V~'rnh kI)Sqf.iiA:tass 11111tite fthila 'Anil. :10. .40.042 ± 0,ti)17IN :111.an %-am unifim hntt ftiae me.. Tlw 

III't'ifl. 'itn .'tfrttioon 33.. hlent illissit v~ditgs ip,'. we repiitire' -rI. wa. 0.049). '4 in. Ilmwe diak. wmr ratinw-Amcimi'st 

for tite firiiig off .-wri .( ,ever?£l noitiudo, lotrit'l quite ,'i~mipYbY f.iring iaww'a.'ing a'harneas of 

with lta.nfing rtnliliti..n,. off flu. £':£nelss. poeilerts tile FN II-NI2 painaler anal s.Im..av~is the prnfe4m 

Poamn.' a.in en)~-.ittfl f(te . a'wf-rve. it an.. reasaasl ftl:,# miqitiur. .4 the 0.0424au. 

.tlsaI...j'njAhrahn&af.. .11'-il'.ics,, fif tile. firn-I lotr. tlik ..wwetam'l at 230111) :t hfxt) msli and the fdet'rMin',, 

V,.t.'r ea'':.ninal Iit: I.sgmpltl ill .InI,'? t~efat naitti It:,. IfaEt" e..fitilurtw flinmsfrmh the ILV Of an 

floe'aqt Ch.1214r. ill flis' p'.teslie~ it t . f f lip Imiry' mcrf:..'. antitnioaali. r''tin hg uf tilie in-t~at u% naptuiaa on, the 

arail in fthe ntiint-nf,tfrvntt' 'if (ttl- g~ain 'te't'I 11(e-L tn'.4-talr'-tlinae a'tfia-. lilw athtii rowtW- fat elt£t A Rawtn 

Asti. ere' nwam rv't:ilta'tIft. tike inthttt.ti~miti tff flpat.. in.. t'rutea~wd. Ie'ttr f t.'n , il 1 u~.rlip Jci utlvir broke ati 

f*9...e fthan ftof itt' a.,mattsnt1 -of Ie'flttsam* ttirefs't:, it .( ilipt tare'aut l Iit eho4ai4grfflfte'l a aIdien 

XMyX' f .1a,1t.. old 1fl"t imsin, Al rt:te.,. Iit fli fir' llra'at r tma, in hn t et f il aottt.. 11fa'fi £a'foksi ttto' f'ew'tming f-e'.ritiea 

n u ere ittltl~ilt Isv.'.em tilTrilat it n ins tin Ir ita Wrnl',- firt ph. 

fitr* tile' C't4. II flit-*le wiiltftt i~4111 : itflite hate'.'it oo 

carleft. It Atiflditt'v flinla r . "l :s 61M to)sn sf'tie . Iate~ap 

oavrhan61 dian it, ther ano-oin a..tlr 

ii,'. ttr4soi el pta 

lItI".. folve,("1 t4t141 4-111fliptvtv ,4tt[it flutittigh fit.' 'ift 

A'n-i.nol-piv~its lvt 444c,4 tifowna' ll'i.4 % t, fi tenlt frllI athi-.l' t iminar. a~ entlith 1.1,1 fieu %-Pot~ -4fIts- altant at 

0 h.IN II)ENTI ILL 

~rnt

MUKII411111 4W 'flA.4 3U1 

1-h.te I lea' s nua 33~'Iesloeje'~re-on- iem.I ripctireli lorr~oan*: mo- to 41ai 1 

513K *eiiilst clifler %We~44% ill -fiffe'yi, teIp 

fre-o musdts resaalla eeile. * ifar. ith4le' c'lrgi its we -. ill- .rmoriienviiv t lie raste cot in Ar Abs-l'ae' Asith 119314 

jsi-lvtl deal1 lilt- mai33 ti33533 lin',.ia. i. ~alamost the' Knonees jae..t aftc'r Ile4114' e'As( fatlaing t Id~ sa 4 ,Iw-frlsieici polea. 

11,3' nilsiorr n i m'j'i. :1 ilarge- titnimerl(if faptiltjia 4a 

#16~k MfMftII a31' rimosqauimet'isca. The.. Plilffir~wit ~ o 

dler wai% Iaanc4amrvoI at Wnnariomi derolteý,4 

Vu* Isae l .-* rw etesllstp wait UA tlllita 413* t lii' 

off laceciE,,g. 

lnog ratio 

*4a*eve sifo Is It.-il5 rhtar'ac, eAt( !he' sliffe'-tifstoo uisael e w thet lpowtf--p fps itnsa 1 Mafrt tluaa ii.. terIsela tir33e I 

Y4Itath i ie'c~ aM~adae~ietali ;ann-44rP' 31110411 3.411111 las riolol Intl haveW3 fallen finiee thaan III V elmaiino the 

hiaajler Ihual tiwr rnplettre nl. Om'. huh ver anin aenlI ltwcape''iwvIl n-gaeliasl feart 1w Il13ifiin4pt thiole ikasalr 

4oefaW t134 i elfintinri :31331 3lerells lilik'.. wacso tliiie InW?. ni'~' tea flit nosiaterrw4. flit- olipe' its fieaH aso the' e'e.ieAe 

meitiesaL vealo emlqr-1lwersta. Tflwntem'or it tin.. an'cuiae'l tiat pae 

CUaarge1 Is.L tesmajueeaaa. Ik-ts'ntiewimiee .4 the. 4~qX'r te1131N1'13rln'Ae teat M4i Ilse. ;aaOW01w at thei 119oilkillK AlI 

e4k'erme', at( flt-e valneuace paawate'r teptref Waita atecie ly Ma' a oans were i-e'p'trittimlv e'qanf tee thos' adrciaflirule fflume 

tra':l ant14 emi~r. A~ tendlency~1 tear flie- 13313k im-.4in' fit tenolgN'ifitto3i. 

el33f~'with *immet*3.%i33 veeef Esi Iixr %va c nte'al. Intl it 

wte tell t hat tile cialer 4a mapteeaiono3141' flit- I c' rinato 

V Aat' any f e altrate'r mialtire'. faiath, engiimmeit~al awl 

th isronti.cal rv14eltea iniiaele.u that all ~J gas e'cisi ain*3re'w 

IONSe~ ..eu1ci1 lie hItave' :333 :aharelei~ahie. effe'et fail flt-e ion- imlaa*rhly rel~ated It thea n-w f'lM'ivr~ aiaIlaiuit fl~ame 

crea3nl. 

l'ecclf *4i#f X. I )rsliiauril I qle'erne', act -4ve'rity eat 1444 

tritluMe'.trattireo eAt 11141? losoAateli'is. It bealawsa. Ilw'ci. thact 

eirin-vt cjjjjsaaa j_.e'c1 eat %re'ghit lea'...e' eat JIM. vent 1leagee 

iterv~ piwithil 1 Is'. y Ia l( nwe 3io' eat b 4e. cAstotar ahjfivfe'3'.'gl ill33ila3 not3 Soce' ae33t4t3'etersotifationsgae fat Ifii tri'itet 

imecniutl adai.u114ti'r.: o~w I p :steiff~ iii.. ini centere ast eti oe14'.emse As( trw v~nartmispowee %3Iiie'la met eiijorl. 

13w5'.-i133 -4w3'r1iV * y tel' tr. It D X pitaisfsresa Were tei'ted o Aldt aeiiWcn Ilse flaieic temeri tNtlirre f aush rh'mie'aI 

%t ita vent..-f ethtme. ediffe'noat -isev.4: I ý. :stee A ii. i".'univesif(' at lsa.. jlimptselefts. 

'-l'eraie nce',e m hre' ldta tea 00)(11L' in. tear tlie- Linrs'r vewito 

*,WIt MIM.I) im. tealiw detAwiu '4'tf. 

JMra-mce., am mcl.. Froa "asw w sma aiaaolev'il hy flt-iw lnu 

OU Poweicr Te'aelcd 

44t rrlsN3eatr raaiaein, %titjle variant, l% oaswiersat 4 'i e eds if A 3.1:3 eat 21 eliffe'rciti laawie'rce 1*% ite'e4te'e in tither 

lise' levr6Ic eAt ,.e'vq'ri :affearsie.lIs taries. dferifle' Vent th3a lee e',liI..r .5AI e'cauel.4eni3 ina ear Is eti pion'ua 

Twe'.l's jidentjsimi Vent phipfife end'iehc4r were' tc~e'ir filter. ime..'t Iseoaeree'. Ice'iig ttl's'v3 itt faith. Charrecte'r. 

ofith e'ue'h Imwaaaae'. the. ;alnig.' losing cite'rn:3ted3 -we a3 .let ae. eAt( the' lemiataehea' nin4 fltil tte'tiae. s(u at te4ing tlescm 

pueevjm st hernapicc nritrI~y :ito jasaw-bels Ito eciaitalI irut'tin-tilt are givent iii 1:&lcii 2 %% hem' they' air le~tesin unet iwe~sat 

Thiew'e twee tv',l.e 4t3'.aliel'. c-her3k., sAnn , sa mo' thfaiae. intem1insadl~ ei~alfrtis'r flaiilee lettilmas'lhlilre. 1hee' p3lwker 

K~eids p)!3.c Wa.c "ri eimlues I($ Illee illiel'eni ali~u~ ;if %%err' all atol standa:ril boeel e'xe' e'idsr I he.m. for Wihich 

,h iw'satple't ii etol a1 . 51. Ittn :15:1i mseiacl-a is *ecavjini flit-vxe' rias'n tae'li leal utinellli are'5'3 xivenl iel voiaeun 2. 

I~NV KerIl 1W -e'iiice. 'etcilaesIo %%ill) arel4toaiW' :alial Witlslice'i l'etler wA%'a'w %nllipiie'. by I ivic-icaae S. N MI lt. Thew 

:31etsheai. aned t-an-'tellf. crie's. C31a'iens vuaol, refaaerteea l :ae jlall:,t il' tli:,:et trulocai~3lttrvc i% Am~ in eeskeatin 3 aerea, 

t3'illit til lee Wri'ghtt tecse sat r.11-11 taletit. miale'sai:ilecl :ee'e'esre h tee thle' lim-03'3 lesalalehillI.l ill See-. 

I'euliditg acf 31 weecc~ I. t %%a. tasasielta t Ill(- 1 tissa 2.4,3. 'llic llcllae'lm iii ettliiiall 4 die'..pmcte' the' 

alev.iatl fleaf, ticed lia 33:3 l t-l s'egchl lea,,' ea the' twia s'aerk tVIx'e,e sat teali lea Whirl ch li~e(- lo-W rm we're' miefljeete, its 

nui33i% 33ea:ci I eatr tcil~wsa'.3 ceipoeea' ,se~ lae'imcia I fitt Ae eileatwa 

tneaaer ct(M It) r 4~-ca' bor3l tsa hie' !;-ia. vi-tt tc'cel* cand 

~se.lmmi'd.y 

e'a-r n .cea~le'r fcr t he' malle er %-'nit%. 'iiccis 

cle.i~ati.p iiem3 '. al.' :ema 'cailltr~ a3flst 15 neiticeic thIian 

1. nae'ieao-le'..in ge Xnn itha pore-e'iagnive'l htaihlitie. 

2. I'ke'ePtdic un aWill 1 art ilierrv-yi o Inwlille'ta. 

3. i~'Cmaamioe'l insx wini ~ailh~ lorr-megm~ve'e lotlle'tie at 

atle'r 5.i er 410 roeaptlc I.it we'isirc-rricI. 4 lcc'rc'ta de'.alI~a high lia:, listie' le'vel. 

nfrl.43sl~itrihi ilYea (o #ie'.'te-*-tv,e.a. cc c.t31:at4. I. 1'rltini ve'nt 3Isbell 

'sie' triti34 r fire 331' catlite' s.ticpccis 3eioain -- am cr varsied -- .--.- 

,.ceace'wliji ftcm 14-A fit Icla-I. Wisl it %%he, a !ctertaereel lac 

cii-s'-I '.4'iitac'at ait. 

1ietei-fif11thcat tlIes',. valifill lc1i111 hstc gl ie'i~l,~ce 

c'ffm ie'tc lilt- re','tilla. 

'Ic c.l,.icacl ccIiect :if I 'kjsct. q l.ca *'j-.e-hc Lljmw 

13-tcac 4lc Dic.. i-ale ~c 14c , %1 )1!i(*, -'.ce cc 

4,c,,1't, v- i-.tc, W-m'cgIaam .. '. 11We 

-oweU f..e' amu lers' eeceelce ee,- r.~a-cct Iimd &rrec,lc '.c4 Abe. 

lteti~ticcIt %as.. 4cialla tI's 111 l c. -iliiacl.V 11 thaclie' ut. -11m-~ap, cee ecei~.lcp.cc tic' 

110'~cI-4-- .;a I..' the -nw 

ice -.c It ~~' Ii'r''c-el- e-t,...Aaem,a asi f.a Dre.ec J. l*. K~in. 

CONFlIDEN'TIAL 

v~enit *

or. 1n 1.3 11-04-4 

MIX .... : 

rNIt P . 12. oA m" 

FIA1... 2i49 1.2.34 0.44 3UMM 

kI)X in* 2011 4 ....... 

Nit-Nll 13727it 24W'. 4 . 

HIMN 

NII.~I 

4XIMI 

.... 

2713 

toy 

4 

1.2 

..... 

0342.5258 

Bill1 

IIIIX 

Nm 

C~~~Q21114 

2414 

Tok 

3082 

1.2.4 

1.2 

1. 2.34 

4 

(1.3moll7.11 

O.3W 

&MII 

....... 

33A 

344.in 

HIMi 3nm I ......... 

FN II.'. ... "A1.2 a."34424 

R Il ).2 3312 4 .. ..... 

F\WMI. 

ILU,-4rn' 40', X(P. 

W-6a3 

3?*v5 

1. 2.34 

a 

OAK") 

0.324 

WAM3 

4104k" 

luII~-4.10' to& XM. .. 481 3 0.119 441.4WS 

Ti-. W*I 6- 1--~..JI, T.&4I.. 1. 11. NXIN % ..W \N\. .*.4 ob-X IIHC .. to q .4-q~b ~ i ~ bq i 

T%*a .3 rio Ify~e..Ii... b i~ffliwwm g.m.ikv' Oi ,w ev.-.w*4-io. 4 w sof 

11"'ll..OL AlU Ifpstc 485 I l) 3.89 IW.233 

4 

C*....lrt NQ m0m4 341 OX22 '.141 3.33 380 

VII' aem4215 II0"2 :0.Afl 325 W 

FN11 IP 

INil-N.it 

OV i-'.N2 

90m8 

",Ma3 

(011111 

425 

430 

343 

,1.042 

07102 

0.44c 

A2.123 

40.411 

A7l,101 

&3002 

2.2 

&U1 

33 

ms 

210 

C'-I~x.e a 0".1, 40 fL7.*) 49,71.'0 3.21 332 

0NI.~ 0021 4M! l~~ 41on.17. 1 m.2Lm 200 

INII P n.024 423 4.1142 47i.I5 3.34 35 

FNIIA'.I 0 n338 425 0.713 ^4120 3.806 1 

NQIA1 A01K14 4210 0l.#03 4N.lA 3.8431 

P.8( 1113 42'0 n F01130 3263 ml 

IN l-I? 8.0441 4(12 n "A i2 373..3=1 am0 

11111 r n. M4 4211 0 P4 W6 3.M 081 

INm n1-1(II 423.1 3'L Ai4 %3.nm 3.1410 3 

1 \, NIt A 1144 3'd 21 ()2 ý;? & n 

FNII_\12 (.16 4Mf 11I,S1 57.(11 3.141 22 

0NI 5 n0 i it44-4 0 

M 

ý\Il_12 1 Ll t -'.2 0 Wd) 

&,

tINwaler. Hesla wva " re smlatang ljaaK tot In lite tlPrd utool., .', 1 q 

4fi. Al1miuute *li-fr~itiitinis 

tlutllitsl 44 Ilitairfeloler.30 ti4 Iaul. anda Iulnotti enl'.ana too lituramm'el, by plutg 

11W luaaadiaai 41.aw4tliamo il" ILI. 1SiW64 t".j ;Ar% r-augraftaaenia il 11'.a irate vtaraalgaa tc4 art- plait. 

101614' 140 * toS tfltlifl#nrn tho 4"i finlrb 17 p Irvilol 141i I*lfv!W I arvol I I ,*.1W telolis ill"* 

ot jab 1-a. It to( t'Ar uliffa'niat juatwdier.. liajalac tlt~ in- "It i ciT -,ol ... af inaitital i..azgle %4wRiem toHI 3.3fi Im. 

Iiiaia in the aba.,. Itort, "is Ta-lIa. 3 lowc tlew than.,. ,-.aira no lite munbesiIiW11of munds i mib l in each teodart cidgven 

c4 te.to iat, thp l-.a-t'inot paas u in ral&.1 it in' il t-w leganaab. 

the trlowith 'sal. te rv-imm vrosat tollol It will Isa' tmiler that not cropsi.l4if wan fleftortftl in ltie 

huniia4 fisiml with vaery asisal lxA4;wrmn and that the 

T%111.8 4. Srai"s morstiow. AN-ffff 

rhMAos 41rýlidlq (,"il" 

l~-lf .42S.1011 n,. 41-i 'Uor . 

0~,.., ,..,o..l iIW 

. v rol"t 

3 

Saxlimeml tiw9ll*r 

&WM uwuu Pi.4 of 1wilomls g rayi Wik 1itW fslame 

Ialajsimasanr to( the. jIs~wimil. In every ease. mwisama 

wail a1141.1 ~V flouar till loisin itiiaf rflfinsi ull fe'll fiff 

malpl*ltv taiwasol till' nincizle. ha.' ettteniAom oI fnaews. 

a1"4l amn,.wtaa iaaaauhla,:anl i,.cma.ett-l with the flame 

IUIX~ai~l~a 

FNII4I aIAM 

U 

~ U 

.I difiiryrTvp 11fl11,agSt ritsa.Siaail~arli itIuuanadgrolive 

ri~o al1 41.tlalmi-t litjin vin-iall fuor nl te.tAa with artillery. 

tyja. lasalli-4uet pa'iloottl ii. Fivirrm' 3 and 4, fr-itma' 

Ml.~.ht 

IIIDN.'E33 

Mt-~.h1voltky. 

0122 

.... 

fyo JUSU" 

4.28 

3A . 

4A I~ 

*1* ta-I.lef ilra' etanrial ouat at maxtimuma 

lorrom Iwowln'wu almaint 57.tE p-4 (vaaploer). Iase ninhemaat' 

a4 nonomiaw fln'l ;tial' ,iveia in tile lepaik 

It will lipa mauta'l thaat its thaw~e lestis oo'miin~ wat 

it laX.CAm.... 

VNII-l2 4111tE 

* rw~a.. ~ ~. .~ 

U.4 

SA 

~ 

2"1J6 

IN to"w~ a'umis imhwaawrsof in sonumnI anrdali a mh'a"a % 

aaaaazlc'wnnsl nos tlaa' flame.a trieaalrnatre it tile powder 

W4 arie naITMaw. In.1 lam allA'n thle grct-itAat Mrusitln Was 

fivolnml nenr ltea oimigin ad rifling. 

htigh IMlhi-fi Laim ."4rio-s. little attention was 

TEiSTS IN CALMER~l .7m 

FRO~tSION-TESMING(A I N 

Iml thi te olistnliatititn qomoleoaicon in thiom saaws, fipi whielh 

tlie 1 iifidtiz~ aazzle vv Iwit 'v wn3tvi(O fp... Pre-engiraved 

lumillets. we're fin-4l. "star paaage naen-taanaaeaats were~ 

IU Dinen.4sonal Eroation Rate isaid. tonay tat ij 

riflinag in. 

tit 

:and, I in. Ixea'ana 

aleta'raaair 

the 

fle 

origin 

garaigra's"s 

a( 

ad ernhaitm after the 

Mt fretiaienit intervalm in Ilaeetaiarre id the teamingi idt 

atenh punwflaer iln I lie a'a iixe. int glitec loarrel wras. 

rramnwnel Irswaa time galaI V'44111;1a* v ariln,!iawnaRaim intfeltilIv 

will, Onlg glaPom". tlaemw* ie anaaen,14 were 

frlstu cit I. 5, It0, and14 71- millntila. 

PAROGRIU FA l~orFOSaO. 

. 

'xpre-,"I ill terniasof tilk oo1w asiwev iaac~raa'.e in L11nd l'rr-coornjaml Radii ooiu d'rias. Tue prvigri'a of land 

dliamieater .11. tanad il nwn ariiove iameter V; tat vioriaisn% ea'aitia aras. tilatitina's fronuat lhe au-I rilaaitia~n eaar'cs by 

Im-int,o alott fi Ie la~sma.. Ptt loatuing Iait .1. tanda Y;. a llaarvitig thar niavtas'~imnlLanad dl~iamete'r ineirnse 

ver,..., 

at 

aitaive g ia'm fi I lip ta'eriatiu to( ridling g:i'ta* it fil-a'a ,ol ilmsiaii a lftlia di ha. I iaaal tat v:arioa..,, otagEsa of 

obotiaifii 'alsl.ai. t l,(ai't 4iat loor pitch M8arte lot veal'ta trc,. . ' lasa. al~at ili- 16114 ian iTab le S. I'lle pro-ag 

jaraaae. ra~iaa~ti sf (ala11.1,1 ilait .4 teltarIi' It(la 

a'.,in oaasa 1a.aa' 5.~gl Ifrfi s 

111cn' aagi, 44iil -0lalaaIlv (at -1laal-lra h 1asa t a lite ill -tw a the at ai-Aan~as tt.a o Sin 

~t- 

Da;t~a t~vit i faaaitire ii esrivrv4 Im-nrisal,l tI!i. plaaltt at,a a Iiaia~ faar t11-ii'a 14 alilt- 1miaaalaer a. r'aiaal. as.''aj 

of .I'.:itat f,'aar im. aaalmar oif mivi-iaas fo.r ajio. O~ven laiirat-l tiaasl ialai atasalar aaalamd" adid aitaý, tart too 

tws-ýifiiaa ilsiatat flip. IKItl4. c"0414-:11 at nca. !,aaaa.vars flutht their iiiarr-e salm~tt 

(:ONFIDE,.NT, %L

311 ENU~O'%fl (OF Ct N qTFhEI. R4% DIFIFFRWI% HWItV 

a- Figure 0 ija N MWtiquo No.-.. A. .lal., 

Its ititam av0,m 

0 a 0.0 IEN 

a S U all U lon R 41111,101111 

0.8. A#-mon"l 

-it "9 M-00% AO S4NOAOA 

1. (2 CO*OlY AMR160 M MOM0 

Vo o"8. or" No1( "u"(311, 

"? *W04 4W 1 0 1 90 S S f Or" a U ma 

D64urn tt.4ai- Mol 4d mrf.iin ,.""m G w warmo is -k- AinI aitlh ,ml-impa....d WL-1.-.. Timh figure I. aptl.avoiii 

a iu.lin N"DI(C It.-jwl N... A-43.11~ 

Tua. 5. t'- ..,,vur.I I...B.4 Is..w- in IsmiisJorma. fionwi at Lawa#6was Ivirig 1h. am[a 2 in.Imer.M41I-ari~s 

ofUwga~t" Ow. firips .4 1 Aj 2A wW WO.f rmgj 

Afe 140 n,.k. __ *tfier2F nd2.milm Afri 330 a~w a 

P..wmler Ii,. li. 2 in. 1, i. I.. in... . iin Its 2 i. 

1itaxmf It fit...(ill I... Xfl 'I Iii.i XIf 1i .. xlO 'I (ma.X10 '4 (mnXO 10. 6(mXO It * iin XI0,) 

OwIN-~lite X t 0 0 f 0 a 0 

I:..eI N It a 0 S 0 0I 

0 

F",I-II 0 0 t a 

a a 

.\. I .'i I 

1. 0 aI 2.111 1.1 0 3.7 1.7 

("Whip IeN I A6 Itx at 3.4 I.? *. 2.2 41.11 

py"2.3 fl.4; ftQ 2-1 0a. . 

I NII lTO 1.3 a 4 2.5 F*f 547 3A5 

CON VI01 TI %L 

t

GASS 

4k~ 

allNu Fs13f I in N D)1( Itup~wi No.. A-.141. 

I "m0*0.( ofo33 0 

39mw0 611,11 354 New" 

& It * a 0 6 6 F 0 4 .4 is Is 

cifta Oft" W A( MOLMOO 

PM W.1 IE 340 NOV"" 

Io.an" 9S.tm "A11 230 41411.00% 

.m~tun 

GA4o" 11 

~~~O" 

Fipm NIllf N, A1. 

"We wn toW 1t~.f 

wigin .4 rifitig afe is((. AriiSg 4 140, M13. andI 3.d1 nwsnipl 

1,-ki ' in. I in. 2 in. 'in. in. 21t ~ in. I in. 2 i. 

(:.X10 In x I,. ( 0l x In", x (ill. 10- 4 lift * x 6n i. 10-11 10-11 X 6n. .. X 10-3 ii.xWt (in. X 10-) (in. X W'll 

(jl-;i~e I T 7 

""1"AI 1,10I r 

XI[ Nil 

rn. 

('.sfile N(I 

\1 It 

FI.-I NIS 

. 3 0 

1.4 

42 

4 4 

A.1.2 

r. 1 

95 

I1 (44 

3.1 

2.2 

2.1 

4.2 

7.7 

0 

1.1 

0 

n1 

2.1 

4.6 

2.3 

4 ,. 

11.1 

11.3 

61 

11.4 

14.7 

30 

0 

3.*6 

4.'2 

3,3 

3.0 

Im 

12.3 

45 

a 

2.3 

2.9 

0 

3.7 

71.% 

ISA 

2.8 

3.4 

6.6 

IA.a 

41.s 

14.0 

111.2 

40.0 

0 

4.0 

4.2 

3. 0 

3.3 

9's 

13.7 

31.8 

0 

3.2 

'. 

0 

4.4 

8.6 

(0.6 

FNA2 350 2I1 jg __ .... _.... .... 

CONFIDEiNTIAL

CffU34'i'I CW 4A N E.16% R'bIfEO WPELLE?% 

,g&8sW r or we 1a 30FI 

as fun-wo 

as too *no 

*& pm 

Si ~-um 

T 4 #4 tw 

4~t OWN" as~~~ 

a VI I " o " 9W L 

0M 

0~~ wee 30 0 o 

moe0 Plt' 

19111 -4"lgI aa.t i I ~ nr-Vv-b- 

Ilpi 11 t -4N-A--.. 

''.41..-.A'itn-I--f 

CON Ff OF N-11

TESTS IN CjI.IIIEII .1A Lit ISI NTFT N* i 317 

flt y.Tg.ie Il,1 vpo g S. rtf . wmi-4- j'a. 1he- Mimi mi f-tsedland ii. u'fmsri ovI4~ t- fli':I 4'51iEfl migin4 r44*ti15 X Ig4 

triil.ra'ii i ..If ,i'I III- h :. infe n'. ti n'l. . 1111.11 .qtr.4. 111s 1 -fb 

r.esw .4 th. fw'u.Ivw :14,1 m trwws milm.' 4 

A.. ii.. (nir HI"I"r~ii'. ntlif. 'Me glrrn'ý0 .ldI-tr.I~-.galeevs~ni-o 1:1111.111 

m 

c"Inr.-- "a .ggIt:.il. 111? ni'r vas 4IN-t'rZ.4' f he1 II',ta 6-Zifi of re" thle' ii 411 4 thflh hroorm- 4 ep"iIllot'ifir ath 

W@41 Ii4Cvl. 66 alwfr. ka-ni.'in dlo~id 1141 'i~irt at "wut' 

I.' its.frmi the'IA -tiift oissl riffin repo, .'vin Ilks tiir 

16P l''-oiw at,'-e it ovil-i' gIn1 I~at Ilae- is i ic't-pt 41tieit. 

Th l neg ti.neliitati 'niiI,1wr 

M*n~e'. lni.m 1s9Tulil the ig.e i-Z)I.il Tbm' sYween ?too ato-g not 

lotolitIr mvi~aent. Wipt rier inrnn- de.. iset a,:, fil-fi uume 

e. inw gr.. is qe-cgisminti-il i1 4ign tifle 

ase tgo(. fh~lu firinasg cofarti1w i'iY-1a* 11w.. Imi frthet edto 

I ian tof tilie Immie~tIr im-mire'u,,~' 

IMi.S It..Iliet I.,. n.i Se,. i-. I'gr..Kr.w. f land4. vm'fHl'-l to 

tC9.1iffli-m gll IfE %%a .iltV c--im o. 11-IX1 .1 4 1 

tii 4ftes . 1;~. r fmir I',e e l... Ie'v I et''.'e "1 Iasiie*,'..' u l s Isee ( 

6...in-I% iti.r atu. inr.. .. a.i I in. awtvtit the itre~in to 

6114L are. Aloea. ine 7t ane ar p)1' ti,'iiwt egqean~t Vi,'usr 

it00. 

k1I2 at 12 I.4 21A 0 to UP I 

4 0 ,NGI 0 ' 1. 2 7 .0 411.2N & 4 3 . 

40 

14), NG 

G 01 

0)6 

. 

4.1 

.0 

.7 

0a.2 

ofwl.inA - i ~''' s iI'.ijitti'i ,t'fr'r 

mim1CZlera I ,:ili.l i~t level), t.he' c'I".ionI rulte :4 Ixirls1 toj 

be vone~lanti, Iut intis erie s '4'i~t'4'sligm a5pZIiN'iI% tit start 

the' 12151 li4'iglis ,si 111:1 the' itterferetir' lit'W'ica4' Irma. 

'iaig, it. ,.~ rate ofI thit ~ts mehaniva(:I tIp i'(N 4Inv weer i~s 

%%ith tile firs't rintauI. 'flipeny-iioili rate' invatssw-i' %ith inIitially I timg.'lu ,Imit dv4Zt-%m- as wear lmmwtelo. Supe'r- 

Ilite flameII temlj~'ii-rl tireo tile I lie ji)'Aer. jist~sei Ilipon it is.11 Clte et '11 tmii!4 mmst by tlie i2(I'AEct 

ST'.NDA'IEDIZEO MEA.'SURE OF 11HSO II.M. Tht'trlie est.ti rizte o,gI,;it'it~ with uirtilhei'-ty'pe baiIle'ts 

ise poweixrly exprvsilt~' as the'Ap 'h.. i the e1 rtion.j- 

The ero4.1i-m trlte' 4'li terii4'n' oS'e~ft:i -I of III-.- testrils Imntro-,*e euirvp. dirawn ftsr tespe' given lh'at ion in the 

mmleli 'igi igil"i Is12 reoilivet'. to at 'inicit114 It*% if mmlh- l12irnl' af ai g~ivenI Mg to( the firing. .%i avera'.ge vnitie 

gaiijtit are t it' K timile cnf l(.v Iti T11 re pn.'~seIhis tl . ortis we~s.y 'aite Iiniott ili'iII ihel rel'oc ludiiif it't'. c h A 

!vt, are fige.I, for file evi-o,ii r:,r k 'ite I iii't:tit i IN lii hw,'I limxai-il~ ait which tii10 Vrl)i..i151 ra~te eiIny lie 

idlhing. It rt'IliziiI uogilt tie no1 111A' fli Ii, t- eroI'Iioi rate Ignear ilivi,' o)411ef aiiii~v. For this It-me40fl. die, lim9'ltiolf 

E )'i i fiiie) mm is ie bY.1f h41i~ ~atifitI (ft I 1 in. migtizts.imit f(min tile origin it( rihliligg has It.'n 

.11. -4't,'4mL *I'it' ,tirvitý .14,41iiig~ provr12I's of cits4iogl rter 

E - - (1) Ils- IectoN' ,1:1KV' ofie fliet' i( Mf %IliI4ir't5 4)ýs'4il'ileI7 

"Ihere Al, is incrrxa-c ill laml diamecter ini hiriitii At riteI ' isIgv; itu: lt tile 4li.1111 .jwif i( (the 

CON I"IDFNTI %L1

LIRW&B441i% 4W US Wf" I& IMOWWK19 T V~IMI,'LL1*-TW 

a. l-e :iesel JIM- nd,erlý n -t tir,-n irnlaen' lm'.eestiliv ee ill $ertieen 15.5.'.2. talie''tier. fle 16a toll T.aj 

the' i*fre~t1 4I pl~~ffelar r_1,c- :aIeaid. .Jiram ~ 

8 gam 

4 .im lio'~ n-S-rntcI grrapialeieet. il ii ilpiii 9. 

etlfeieaf rIt' ilte' M INIil' .ja'eirhtl et .410-l1 :Mao-, I ha:t JIM. 

"buiwil,'ior .m 'qae.m is Imml l WjIwen. Shiep 'A ;a. 

III allen vt'i-fi,it tIM' lreeigiijoitipt to( iawlorc.atrnt flerr it 

kildilorna'taml floow,e thouir ewLr die, this a ge'mp.ls 'fl'eramftwh 

4el tie. v.-tri,. le'ee,.. It ic w4. wvW~in. li,. vvwur. 

theat tI- in'joetreiowitret 4o( lost~aI e'ne",e'nl mi','eg1Krn fIn., 

me o4l a mpee'l, ljnX" Witemornlai eC t -1 'Aies cqnI* l m. 

opoei.e'rI toprn elce.if~v tix' aeeetai4Y. in ~t an ReIt'iet~' 

e'eergvins rep-.'ee' 6~ a1Ic'ei, floor sagir at givent Ltndgl inetg.irn-wag ertieeeeetia.. 11w 10eeloeea~iie g,"'ofneifi.Ee air 

htr~ighti 4meejween eel eelce f~aletee'e. eviehe'ict. v~e'teef tfe:., it ioe eituretainjAl ehwttr Nil-Ncil 

flnoi1emv-aee ru.te" few de thee-aieeeaae prnewole'gcc gin~'to. i eJ6aelol In- ime the' t4 door e.WeHool Wootup: 

o~late4t in TAI44' S toy m-ri.'. '11dr l6it'ilL. fa' JMIo- im' wr HIM1tN Nima ('eerellte X. F\II M' YNII.3f1, 

Nil-Mt, I-) < Rmi)X.126. frt.'i. Ce~rifte Xll. 

TSRLX IL V~a~d aid vtt. Vprgdo l < i.at < IAI(o NIMI:.I < FNl1A1I2 < 4W% NG; 

aafoo lmw Arias

Mil ru-vititli th )( tilt t111:1'IG r Va.Wtf ..ar ftn. arn. al- tii.1 e Scta . ltUSi.o lwI 9ao 

"'ft & fh wfeaui-el-@ O inls" no l tiw e'ooe~ttea low lime'atosr *.Ite .4o to" sa'nce'k'c litee'a tha t 

40-4 in Alt 1,4sn ec 1-5-1, I ll.' :Meelni'em oetsie lsevern ie'n. off.ei. ace .tc'.tfii mein Ilse r..2. imm.eI K ivl~lo Ilse 

no 

ith 

wctl time lamer th.qe h'agmmr. moi th' n.4 peeieyw. 6ler aem'. :theucmte #over point'r off lite' K"0 olm fip 

Luoosits it rin o-*tiem 1.. titel. ngl' tileIvn - ofirt . ~ntsaxiteiet 4 o te"iuiel flaK ion reisct~'lt' fo cituim nolee 

fare, ami it -'4'e!10 grnal-aieI' fling tisw "U"alifltjein of( orie4'i'l ile . "Slios &L. m 11w nocitSColitman lu fniit 

latetv Imeat e4( rs~iasu a,.-titst. few the' liaec..eenheat l'i mnualiax saret',w 

bent inisoat tol).-e'rc--l -leeritieg their firing. W~len Ilse. Iw.tme'et geeccier zan. fimti ir v~c'ery viour' 

limv e'm'e'rsiaet ln loo'twi's' lit-it inpueet ;timll e''moo4mitt liwblmifig ictn'eiv ,mmcammt lilt' uictha winM t5tI''i tyle' 4 

raire's olw eit.'e'i.l :n .%s6tie 15..5.2 emms'11lllmt 'A citu'lm i11""el14-4-0 a ntetlelfl" 14crrlAep. li"' tvlk% 

44 noems'ititig i. -4n''ueem c :eI i: nto- nie'itueg .4 gift eetec. 

ass 'ah-tailhograiileiic Own-" ;mll ieielig it ix. n-vtlecmi~ti ul rhILIS va c~eteee haneeme" miay 

.~commjae~t 1m iirei plamy a mie its i ker'ieeg on I lsee emcc-iitem pmmliit (ef tirome.'t' 

The pm oteae'l licerm'Le el the' pmmwele'i te'-ing lit 

giame avgre' xaeminede niemstalhlogrzepeief-tly iempem Pomin. 

*, n mtiL Tit VV61VORncATIOK OrI'l 813 tfrACKv 

plmetecWm off tlce firicig te'ýt,. .1e141 tife 414-'tetlec .4( liezmcl 11em tiee'ncal Irimemeleirinativin of a Igem Pledt layer 

rhlauggiat in ltie, natmure iml ties tolee'' ,'eeefave', s'eeeisitaii !o net tee tihe' lmimes Ptucrle Isleas aet'e eli.''mi..em isn -91-P 

firing~. oagrif :%' fltle t' eA-ic-.'els' ii (liaie ra~tee ifllanail 12. oefiieln ice al--issi~tme 12.1.2 acwl 13.2.3. %cItelf' off the 

wvvew utervreale'e. 4 m'~eeie emen tic.'..' e'lamegeom qualeaaitzelitCellt s ~ hils ieblan h p rWced iete a peaceeible 

svng, thise enue'4sig lot the enf'e.lmefiefllng .4l tile mmeqiezarlmnceme .4a life fi'ensiatine oXd tieje Im ,r'rall was A 

maeifae mes flo tile' tef ol'eicee a Liver, elf Iin"ne taileee'l begin1 a ,eetlI.n plmie'ettmy d4 the Imcert~mli 

ltiew', steiistteelor tit flp e nefatee. ftliatiecmcigi Ites- linil itm tilee geemnviler tv~tiijag gnm mas. l'artitleameriy, the 

tue's' thew e'iacege' -11m iltme' flaatue' toi'emn'ltmmre .4 rate' elo fisinemtien ti ati ie rr eeWidels imst en elwm inicci. 

flee pm~'fqrv was, e'-tlmimtieelcs'. ian ,ecerMaol pe'e'. ..eeeemm.f elf1w fraocme,.leni'edliayew'and tifes Rflieaee trtiipC'T 

cetmert .f tIlse jmeecele'r were. c..ebmieli'~l d'i eneesisd tisii 

C~U NCI1 or Tilt: StHFt-Rruuedee if1c an~e'.ce c .sjv.le ia 

,scaterfe P'ricking :eiwaei delsieleltralei .1 aC eeetwemk sillemle hUe', fast a Imam mi''eerfae'e i,. linsiwx-y deluielee 

rs'lagasie',iýiiceel tlite' m iw tham~t Iela' lie''n etiriifellte fi te 

thee'muzflymieie.e Ir',' ~~~ V41liesm 131.53). le'emee'it 

lfiflt. :1 e'aeI two, disict 

imtie.',' i~mtr. tneit %%idt iieleee'e' 

ls:: eelici ieemenlicl'leal~tmenl. 

iImt'iv'r,.m'sne. 

-lie 't'ff luiIk Wt.e.4 icc' :1ce ti[es lNSM~el flanie feeinivsra- t'ei fair fiee rt-'mnoe~e Kit'e' at dinet' ii. l $c.' tioi 12.1.1, 

tilt# vtme' Wle,.t'r. 1lice apepa rent width of lefe craks'ke.104 am.dac ienner lay'er wheichle ma. 4-n'emt cili' time ce'tmicanl 

apiwzmcei to ineie'less' diin-t'ly nitlh ie floenMime t'nmiwfr- e.eie.iienef gitem ocri. losst whitlmiele t lot'-tit thmeratieit 

snd tiles eceeceleer eel r eeemmid fe-ml. 'i'eeir delpt h nmealil'alte'c'm'l. ''lice' it Iltei Liver, 1,4:1lli' 11:uc. ne'giieomiei 

%%a-' rmtae'y r 'eeeecee Is eelu. l1(ee sue'. I e411K gr'mte'r ifletimp thielekeee.,e c'%mta''liit iuwnc fle ticentieeaelely' p :mlttn'l laery'. 

t':ms-e eol emmute'r p..'esm'iers. Ill tIe'lmia- 41111 .eeJg eil,.e'ee.lem tihe I llekirkus'. e',peiclel remw 

It -n'we.', pne.) el i theat tiles imeiieieiiieet emeelti icc u ili i lia frI t inm 6ee ieve %.m-eee~e io atetwileii tilt' talentm thIiekneie'il 

eece'lers CloKnne tille' filiung eel1 eelicet Olk'e'ei.t teeindeee. oNai eleem evee... beeot it i'e lte I".- meeide'rIteeell tieme tvieji 

rs'eh' ev'.. t stý. nl re 1,e ileeIte e c-f:... "ije tie.te~ cit lit ekece," its ila tee' el a(.e it Ise 6rci' ýtemelie'.!; vice stt.;it 

cew-ic-ks , eidiuptie lee cec iecf ee l~Eem.eim fromeil ee'iiee %%ilia Ow.. peee.' eir-ftc-tiee pn-egrimeee i6 loets ,dtt- 

'ritekiiC~. Lever Aelline. 

lItv %itiie- icie'cif.e. lmlep'ci'm''.noeffle, 

1',.iteccu (j fasupn. St lrc : eIet'lemue':eI- ea't"ec'. it 6is te lee' e' Ilem he filee thlejk' 

sine'. air ilice' tiiiiee-eii,tul% teecs.rm4-reel Ia yevsr vuill elulicitid 

'11" Np' e.' -'lecfeet ef eb.eice1-.! 1511e e 161t sl :e1eV I ecet fill-e eI lee te' ,-%e'tc'v 4e 14-imcrejiel Cell lie ioi-aemeci' cg 11ic icarn'I 

CONFIENTIA

.1Y OS~RIONt 41F I4I. STF.1`L W%' DilitkENT', rPR4 9YELINT.L 

in Ithh ir i ['ilt -m iii. ,'E I~':9.si-(u 'iriI Toms L In. Viim~, d.b.irm.-. d4 9!W. ItMW...4..eu. 

bIneer r31I4I1 til 1:114. % a.J 6.11. 'i 1-0.. Ileb V T Uu~ '. 

Ia'.t weoff*~ IMv Jvr Oti ri 144'. 1o riffifIg wh n' h'rw. j iWJ" -. m.40 OEW4 olw h p 

'11i i'aeiwe tlv n ti:? ih.r'e Isfimrnes 'f'r.h. il %0 4',141-nf l.lt d 

lhwkiw... t liffer l'n (l ll..:n~ n, Ieenc' M 3111 omis llii 03 

raIIN.'11W 21001 .. OA I .... 

r9db',her 2 I3S I.. . 432 

US A"~ .m Zf&1.4 4..d d. L2 ...... 

ing~~ int%1krý ~ ~ ~ ~ i Pit IN.P 4.. 2%,. OA Ra ...... 

VN~lt ?. 4 &m3 W44, 

th ek e e-o f-ll l ju 1if il f. m u i.fr -I l h e 40 oc ll 4. ' , aaI 41 410 t I.... n 6 r .1111111ev 4 he F l ...... r 

.4 '4 ~ ., ~ .4 111441 (IIim dmAik..e wam 0.111119 Ite ..... nuc 

frv'it .. n.I m mi...' . .t.u.L.4... N Wi', l2"en'94.....n mii ej -nl ...... 'c. 4 

renomte 

l31,&f.li,, glfl j.e ng.'anl. P.4Iiii NI fa're ; m. 3,. ..... nt ..... ii 

00.011241 

I losoi t,.df. li' Iw:r ls ni F u. v.. 4 lote~ fin 4'- I 1 a nN MI do(na I rat.. thlfle d lavt e rupidit r 

8. .4 tjlw follr~e at iIen .4 a9wlpro. Ink- .'buws th,. the ate 

1: l,:t ~ rWIld 914'3) ~n~~' 4 ice fltt~tII' ~ilc ii hotc loomrsrel hr14hwi, impfliagc the th~e frsth 

9k4 .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~es 

c fil ic, 91wo n .. h n.'.'.Jil 41i'4.4 ~.I 1,, Iiismlat thlel tpimt gIn( rfling.e -m"-h I 30~ 

L44'f~~~~~~~~~~~~~ll n,9'I.gtd.te ~ II.f4-l I J~.111IN(' (till'' ."~rn %t.1 6fIn.W 1144 ten'ar Ith 40% andl 

I i#'e-.-. II the Di-r'.4l-ur'% 4 ri*.h46orG d uin e t g he fir.in the g ,4sari'f u 39 ent ol ast4 w:44 ill the thm 

frotIt III. lll14'lnll 44 14'd lj4 ~ 14c111, t. ir t i ll Swi m . H1. %her'rin. 46.4rib thicn.'-'.l'. in are~4 10 aed 

I or10. .IU R Wbt 1nttnt3 

I(t.. 'dV 

ly- N~ o ll,, A4.12.1 , I, 1 7, f... . 

.'0hi~i 9oir . i j l 11). e. u it 70 .i onnrt 'Iair 

: .ou ia.I. 

i 1lri.. t144 

'11d. 9 v. th 

oi-.r--tI, 

I'-t 

,i i at p w e omi tcg t i n.i in 400he 

rjifing. RI-I'll ii v i. 1 - 1. -n-. f 1--ll n. r' 19 I ig l la~Iji a i(':4,4' 4V' Ofv 11914' fill Ilse rate. c irn ft eta s 

& 

rfi veth flr-r oplgh lolII A,:1111cu a t Col ng o JIM m i~ . LtNT % r n arlr 44 icLIm m Ta l 1 n 

aI I' ta fer at-t Ils lae n i-istn h

iu..ion. tmIif at , 1. 21. aun.1 4 iii. fmn"..1. tlmiti .fgi .14 1iiltfl11ctltj ltIl 

nfif,,g ini .10n Wie'.~,#.tion.I ieeisn qrmf.*m#*p off j-141 Anllrtwi rn' wxx soils- 

U-NOM 'Fam 1W lt" O~m or -~ JIMV41 to 1-t eliffnirs"~w anaav 4 r~li,v *M ,f ist I im. 

' with the pievPe. 

4 mi,~ .4 fliniing auur IcW1iffe irri its rlhvt1iftl 113ihire fit the 

1 0.WV3 

.1 04W14 

In) 0i11U).+ 

0. 01) 1to + _;_ 

u).011?2.1 011111113 0 

I)A1wil 0 00113 - 04111111 - 

Pliceal mtei It iso h oa s fimit-m fiflingof liifferifll iumotoivo. 

wlmi.4m i% dijn-timsneu at length im $el.uývfif 12.2. Thep 

iiiffrmcirlito imnttm.??m" wer .imthaitai by alv imiit ng IIIE. 

70 OCIWm 

1U 

4llt).i1i 

0.0W4 11,17 

( INNNI noitr 

4m41ivoi WOOL$j 

*mme 

lylhmhnmmmm K. aueiaiutwm tip ,.tnke the eiiui,~rnn 

VNIIAI2 

7W fttflI2 

1 01111:111 

3 0(311 

lIui - 

fl.iolIpt 

ifIili)I.4 

O~ftiti ttiV 

0.49114 fl.40112 

0111113 041.13 

wihwa imne a rn um 

wihWI ~it o rtfln 

wee pindinif varying mse U h 

,.rptmrenttmt,, 

ro ol- vntlet 

aimitm iide(e ) Wit wa. 

10 OflA1t2 41.1(111 0.1117 0.11013, imt t h e iif'-.tirnlte. i theC) %ferite wem~l 

Ai 

70 0. no 2 1 fl11U.1i 4110131 011119 an flp~f. viiugitin plutm l patimrlvin o n trie h Itri waon 

70N 001121 (ml0 m10. lutlt 00113 ihtieuill ig.pi~em ht ae h iim 

A 0 (11121 flol.3IM+ 0,334? 013)53- eita fi-siefatiislofA t h eriewr 

.In &OAI omo 0 111119 0.111116 often iltt~me ltmmru. patimiui imr~ueinE r the lutt-relo z fr 

10 0. 10i Is 0.121OC 0t13t1W 11111117. will% itebti lime bare e oire 'at ii0 whirls hare thel hiigil )lit 

nIlV... virfmiei l4y tilmreiching "I'ume. blimin aly it the 

us. 11iimi fit Krowcuum .11. -hnaftow. It (IlIlINII r ftull flipe giummii~ taIj- top in Atigi rod i~ttimo So cim"Hk0r~fibe 

limet tiat * rtuuiatu)Wmmi. thick tr.-m4oitnneml layerv ~.lowi anveme (tip toi almatt 0.10%) .mdta him 4 firtrmmn 4w 

oftwing the flnnng a( a ~4mgir tsiuunm th-11 e,-4mn tit a miatim. Vlirivaingly. the amustemdc ifiummail wats foolumlmtl~r 

gun x.WelI itarrrl io niul lip th rms~im to(a tramm,.,!umrmruI eumrid.eml in rarmilin fir nit"mule, 'm i111111. 

layer. *171mmo a (till knimaledge (if lthe n11mture oft Ilme. Aon~ pmmmiv lifumitaire amnalyxii 44 lthe var itinuml .fiJd 

irnansfeamumed layer 1.. essential if file mmiev-m:111m1is'mm oirfaimmr., i. gitvem in Taimle 12. Tme- detigatefl ammorts 

,',meh emuuImn i's too In- iimq.i~tvmqii. lii". mmnmtmrm fiu time amre onmly e,.gimu~mte. iiviiently. their i6 an ianw~oiption 

layer ha.. Iffen diswmannefl in Svtniiimum, 12.1.2 :mmd 13-21~. 4f i-mmurm fmr ititrnmgn mur limith aril stabilizationm. in a 

It reminsimmmtiy to rt. inpinAize that fti, Im er ilelinc% ,.mi:mmnfiial6 laer Wmammsteniten'ppIcK4 if( imtte I ponwiruh 

the regifon uwhich ito frenlemil :mmsteumitir thmiringfit- time n'l. 

firinIC ff anyv -imioge mamntel ammil tia~t tnhere i6 nmsvfidrtt. In aibiitiam, tvhu teritfenri-ir nia:- le amotrl: a ttendableevifienre 

thamt the bupt. ammrntmitir foYer immn hmiigh enctr tiowani czarimrmizzing tanl nitriding with lime 

eimetmmir.i react rvity with time rimtatititmeom oft lime pow.- tinnimatmm mitt vormetmlite ..mil iris" nmi.!-;!; amol a leftder 

OSJis". datiry tiuward omxidiizing with the foomnukm iti of ibtite. 

* imm 12. Q(mtmlitative xzeui .Iifairtimm xntly-iý 4.1aki Clwwm4Ii .morfs"* i4 ea,.-ion-tm-tuic foon liaflo t . fiual with %fil!mfloivt 

P~nli tauuiuure Atsmtvinfe ('uouwittite %vilitife i" Mm..w4tsniviums 

It I)X-.zt"i 

C.,4r.ei N 

FN~tt-)I 

It I.'IAT1I 

NlIIAII 

Pyra. 

C,.rlite NO 

Imtlt 

2120 

2 1 P1 

2183 

234.0 

2W07 

2*14 

2104 

2*.)32 

Pro"W"'t 

Ln.MVo 

4toiK 

Pv.-W-~t 

lar 

tartir 

1u-rg 

I.Srg. 

i'n...rat 

somuwI 

tsiuuiI 

POI'AT 

Il-t' 

S,-e 

Stt 

Nw-41111.. 

ti.IN"1y 

linut 

Ip'lAmbIc 

Ila-rot'n-ii 

1',,.I.kIh 

Soats 

Ptctwnt 

t.Amro 

IAr3W 

Pne-O. 

Pr..ma 

Lawi 

X-wmv 

1 + X 

14. 4. N 

PI + X 

Ph +. x 

Pb 

Ph-wtt 

Pb 

1'IIl.NI2 321A4 lurg Ni~wu lncrg Nuwe m* 

CON IDVINTIAL 

took

KNO-6'I11. Or GUN~ 'i K:. v tllrv.:RFNrfp1.l? 

Litter mac th.,i l an..;',"trtgj- Ifisa fs~imiie; wisil l~eiw 

151111Kmriftm n-m~I Sit lirrmilt I'sm:s. ;aItias4Hi~j il~55iL5. 11w-as o.dr 1 -. salvq in !j-ims. styl 1144n. venittp (If% 

tisn i~s foist s..1r% voi-wmsnianssl. 

3 

lriallis' Wsdq klhia Aj (sAkAd m& wzssis.v lb.t6 sur. 

i&sal .iAas Us.4-4 fast is'sth the. 111A ansi the- ."sdwv 

lipstirdtia an. I1ilsv in Tat :r I I ansmitrsug too tFKar 

fIwwv'. INs-slil the "I mt sw fnun miall qlhiawysmf. 

in lite p. iase"s :11Nt 1ISa' Vsss3iliUiljel fil l-s i. Will$ Ta'saz 14. ftrli~uws srefsiwew. .4 gus-sks ff-em in 

Unilhnitifivial ,lOl.taIS(1 (X~) swisi fsmmi~ssli' spotivemI I -m -. 0 vent____ 

Ownsb .s.swinommoi P...bt epsqssp 

lI T 'lI. b.~IPm 0.34 F'Iur 

114'(i"lsl ilVIta itsitv. alsi'sII'31is .12.3 FNII.ANt 

inA342 

0l.62 333)X40m, 0i97 

fiiipmltm 

300EU6.04I 

wi's siwas1tsn'I iii 14ilsa at( 1114' ir'ildiat 11".s s4f 4,ss~ll NII.1Ii.Mfl 1.4111 Irm3341t 1.08 

sit vesnt m4sa lu.saý san~sss a. ti'ssiullv mn 'IN I MR ..3 

aftsr fusa. fitioig -4 5. 10. iii.! 15 munflta. sitla anrh 4~ 

the irlitfrqy n jsissav. I-V.4 M~I tWpM JOs *I-fV 1. W41s 

III)XJJ114 

M!'X-411 

2.23 

Ui? 

3Ix.i 

ItI).x03V 

.a 

'sillw 11 s~-:i 4 . Vssrsifnn mi :11 ( in.. _1 . _____________ -. ______ 

lImat l is te II)X grns ah. a mwr t 4ýln* .111i asV 1 V11 si lairm.'A:mnrwi 

'Aus I-te :ls ss~~tsisIs.Istcrtimma 3w enisI n-f4en-ns1 lwAs-s idl 1iitY :.'.5as.ýipietm Il 5 MIA,'~ I itas'isitt, last No. 

4s Sh~p vaiuspsansas* 44 aml "tsski-m 3727. Tb 1 QUUNW aabew hm t tob 

4 a~sm"Masma SAW. VUns'Af[ 

the isa.. niss' aften, 15 nshslisa :an- lisi~tl ill fill- tuos 4siis in the amass. 41( Xll-M'a I-.Isjs %Ikirll isa a satsarnuli 

tpafls 4s Wille 13 fsar all saW lite. miwswiatr to-,IrfA. Fmb- latist 44 swdcir flis 37-mam via. M19141l. 

Themirls nut a ssie-t-lsý.nC ' ~ sr tw'bt. 

Tine 13 KP-..,a .4 %"# 4.4 ,ff .ý,, -i- "I 

;a Ionnw..( .4 a1s ft ''itKIs5 1, all"t 15 Fssst. 

-~ - - ~ -. 

ttw'ar S51IMCIVS 4111.1Ilit in eI'WV olitI4iflmrt feattss.'i 

ls~ ite- um tltite pimisl,. BYv essas.sl..satm sif ttse 3)ttimitil 

irvia'sairtawsinr.: with ltewistlriret ,izt-:nidA aeight- 

FN3I P 0 11.3 "2?.2 212A aUsHisxilslalte iistta'r tI.. artasal ens-isa Itt' fusund inu 

FXNAI.I3 0 Z111 l 

27A 211%.2 nil'i Win,,s. it lIs 1jt155.lIkl too iwptbu2C stin uS.5ill 

N31Al l727 0 3141 321).31 2311- cai'neussa..na'sls" ygrspa 

Ni3-M13.4,74 a 12.2 film a 230.2 

UI~3 ISA 35Ah 336.3 214.7 

-u~. - - - - - - - *0455. < IjI)X.41WM, I(l)X.41482 

Itt11 U.n 34.3 

< Itl)X.4ý1&1 < XlA1 

N 11-M 41-3j 273 50.74311 

UIMN -448l 4A3 .1 .7 3371 7 si 410ti' timili' Ii.Y fi iisti isa I li, r-aljl xrr.541 v n).inn-te..t i ng 

- . *~ --. .-. - - -- - - - -sasts'tit frmots :a 1-mpatl: im -asl*f 

TA-t 2 ;ssss 4 thast in 

slasl t :S .- sias i IfD)X 3's sss , lara esitt s.s-Ia.. )ss. 

.11! an \~Isv's-aI ill tIe h:1r. : sjatsis I lanes'- dvs i h, I ave tl*the xiio '-aisai Wm wrt I sir. (that;. 

it-a4 l' sifl lalgv %(W sst. wisat sli-fissgssi.is ;1l~l ItW i's. ill)X.44L~t, ;sAtll NI I-M I-d727.l thea fmitisi :t ie 

Owsa ýnllvt 11: ieilst )5*fl55 itite a Iiiiet sic-~~ la-iirii. vmpIsss:s,.in.,a lito. %.I~rsvK-st imlswsallvt~sat 'if s'hsrsilas 

C:ONFIDENTIAL 

dh 911do il

leer ill a0cec 1e :eecc1c ca.4 4.11ilife~if eleiil s rice-c-iy '-uc. at Ie.-t. It* M4eo imomltlt pecia ~tal tmitl e Imamel ftj'-t 

31141 III.' e iclvilcijrt~iit eIiiffweccei' 6'te its IN- eccieltl icceveol 'ccil I iclt Id fle 1w ,ccritcling j(A 410 77Wl 

in i14.' cicciceje-1i 411111prlceatioI 44 flit-* imwccler Ws-4i-. It Pccl. eiie allov d i-ccececy 6 11 ie twilito.4 to( cc .Nlf.~et I 

l eogmn$ht tice emormi unwmihtsmate4 ,m~ec~ T.' Th I itp mum, lob I so V.!qilefi m 6w Ie ubA 44 

%ilbtccectc niihich acre mle 14ceic* e, arclc va'jlcid w:ecnacr in it-ie rUe. 

cmily -4 ic gctiwc tx oiwc alececncimccec floe mume"e In Ocifce 4c thewi jaanilt iisali it mayv IV, evocceleell 

are mmccighly cimcilar. leer vzcccmple.:at, Ihwy apicear Ite a- i citht vcict rhI'K Ic's-tOf elm tkf am' 11c4fui in giving a 

allnemx the gactefie nec ccinmcýithcIuc anti e1vibwlicicm-lw rimra cicseloct 4e n4:utive erciireneeece. 

81' Coinspsarie of IFro,.c nettv. 1CORRVIiATION OF il1O.SON. TiiFRNIAL 

i sneand Wotui TR vrt~I 

i 'oN. IIi:AT INPLT. AND 

11wr eimgiefitcinvei te icciec' te-tis be crificaul cuoen L W T Nmt.t 

caeecccgccr~iaee ia, mcaide with the 4 caucter race teo leeciuci Icy IU 1troillecction 

firing~ tile ai.cntattg m (21;ertieec 15.A1. In Tabilo 'li1c1eeccg Dlccet tlieji di-4 Iltsiced fiatk'eiiialeipm lietwcerl 

15:do list'eicicecc peeweeric art- lu6iicl inim erd' eel ouirnac. theP Mee cid vrcocim nie Iccej-itived by incyrolope inje sto 

T %ofutd Vt OanIc' ,( i aclmotp def' 'r '" d ac~cter. the tlieerccl tracn~ecrccatieci cif thce Icrrel 

b timiIw Ite.4-l .ec thee' 14149c gelec iccll. tlu' rav 'M Avtel. ilec' Ims~t inliet lcc floe lcccrc mracerre anti flit- flufnae 

c""eC.0~r4oag vate. tencixrmtccn* to( ti pcwle liw r ihave iccen imcplied. A tit- 

-c-=0'-flm)tmit(f teel- tiei claimhiccl~ijm in definite form pro. 

r~m Pot______ 

r~t.P h).Ms 

ik- a OPMuI MMwca*&&if S dle floregiing, 1101ctiOnS an 

mli ao a iapltb-imil Oklolaw.1 tmt. Of the iftlitsosec 

FM~I P mumii camgmit theen vuiou aserts Of pon C 

ý,kIJX4N1= 

FNII 411 

i~~~it ~llht 

F~~tl.?.F\ 

N~H.'. 

li.r 

FItAl2 

Ternsiierahcuc nay lee regarted anx the key which 

eecciccci licecicecr tit tindelentznevng of tice nature euf gun 

licaemi eirtc.-icee ancdc in partiecular to an cndeienctanelicg 

td cerup,'cdn ase ccco.'cl1 by cifferent propelhcentos. The 

icig mpcmivej.,e.- aie eleterritinccl in tile Vrent 11116K A cA in 

tile pi .-c'ccgracieal bullet -4erii-A in flt-e erceicn lesting 

Win. til eliv- t pewicc xvic' lvte-t' 1w Nal meh.cwiccxie are 

iccceciceio. r~vnvt (eci' pt-ctich(W RI i)X-17 acncd ItIDXtenlerawe.tcace 

cctice thece Nireirfave deternmines the mie- 

c'lricaccrl IncpA'tjc'c. tif tha~t cierfice. lice kindse and the 

rate, erelelwccical cecc'lcccc, which will Uncria an anti in 

that ceurfarr,' anti thee lcecc4e'lcity of litillefartion Of 

504)2. which werev ncearly tiw eicli ice 4!encgittl ition anti that cerfeece tir eel lite hwiccinit- reteticac precehilict ficat 

flanicc tccferic'eseron therm. 'lite cliii to( ilicce effectse during fircing. 

Stolee ractiechcaujntitm can ed ifferent"ca lectweeii lice di.,muceol ic cen ' cit civdtil in Clicapter 13, embohcceit"c the 

twac Ii~ingi, i-e icc~beeeci. Ftcr examccple. t1w largrst ciif- nirccltccim, tcc cpin um recica. 

ft'wuivce bt 11w le -iceltitm ic( Pyro joscaeher. which wasn 

ca'eccifleeh itc tile' Icact e"WxivC Kececep icy floe 'elict-Miig 

.%ccy cetiuaiuticec e4 eraca'ivc' efctcc with tonipecaiture 

acleecele gprecjcerlv ice madcee with rcaehoecrt to ac buontvclit 

accal ill ace intcre'llet'la ec,.~itjacau bci lite Wict I. A~. ceerfaec' hecucjccncccrc'. No aiccieh a tcnaulrattire isnot 

It will lieimt rcctl thcat is ln-tg uitic lice lergeeet vent in -easy Icc ahctirce. Mos-t cc( l cl. lice tc'cnipentlicre tit the 

W164+i m".#11c i. ccccc-t III'rly c-11eeivaclcvet i!c aeecceeclct tee icccselictiod 't Impse ,cerlve fueltcctciaei with extrceme cathcat 

lcccsccc ill lice Won. Pinef wa-4 icccnkeoi lwfwt-qW n pidIic lil ecuc I-13ccv co cive deeft, are fiad incetanftafleomm.e 

BItm tit(-ccc whc cde'r hct-'ecrcciveee mmlen. e : it is iccl IN e 4ploe.' 4.ci it ljle' 1icc-:cauermeg cxim. tic lice c'icicen. Se'rgleIil 

lkiccc. It A-14114 gccaI)Nk c IP 11c1A lecel11c lh~ c11%V. aceceily.. vra a-icp vrt,0 a r ea ait tfI ce- icae'cciiclal bilt 

M4'aucit v lcte extc let e' Icc tit a cgc.ecccaci t 1che'It-,$ titecccr a ithinccsccaci. aIit-it . fincite vuimiaccc. 'renciemr- 

'n.-iue' 1cecaeierc it ecuijdl lhave Icti lie :1 hIicclg noicuee lite c ii~t il ccljce:im ie cal oif raidelccy itcarcil ircic, tice 

hike thiat f111ic waiell I Ow f geese :1icel aciciel rexrtaciechau Ice ec moreiclc'. sct t hcat mmiece ,'ectaclce ,cpccc-zieiffge 

havee lcrccacglt cgiiucai'ccit WithI ri-Ixx' tt Ire yre itecal' 14c Ice cleeewcsi (icr l ike rve'trccce te'cccgec'tare. 

CONFID.N'TI0 

dbS

:1.14.Ie .4 ii...fn.nnetievee.II.i, .. p 

ii.I eeit-114 .11 ii, i 'so I l, .4 f .141:11tLtiteir list". :.trt15v -W 

ws.it.:. 11". loolsiri .4 i 

wte ti.Ienhe8.e.liie 

s,fl~ pa tmh iu..1.pewlee 

1udtrhuge -474riYvti'. t1411111".ltlil., ltsivo lI-i-n nio~rkedl oiet.' t.ljnlit." Iluil 6e lot myV if dih Iessoling "nso.Iit 

114-y an. nrr ,rhl-. erthe* 0 'oswvoens. b. noijit.-I too Kgwe a h~aWr lvell io4irkar with 11w 

A eiwsimple appuuvem es i.. "I1 ewoom sastimo mwo~rmon- vaaaw repn.lw. 16 rltwia lourivistei Ox~wa &U rt th~mer 

elitantit'r whir. i6 re4er',fl tee the lastie eso rarfe trval.u-e. liy.o flaml lossio-.4Vfaree9 limasapp9Uiiia wi u ig am* no 

414-T (Se.ticrm 2,1t.( 'a ,.'l~.it--i the~ notien .. t~niveictt 

A,.1%~ Ielunh it %. itt leetosstj. list- mrrlimtt is ieoit A simpn 

plivit-ist-enz. an- tlwr.4.err its, nomale in ltagnituttle aoss 

%%i'.ill In- iivrll~~intel lmutwe. Ilse .Em...ait*6nal c'ean~m 

4sno'. tnvoivn .it dm' h'isd1Hl.t 'aese'. nnS. nijliIt- ttiel wlie with ni 'nt it I" Owiet tenalawru' 

lpe t~1t-fN'r.5hirt aend hr-mt isigaset. ltalurtt sami'.ge. it aos teen'. Ihntleieeee. $only if 114Is"u'e I"u MP ekaj* " I n sm 

:a pteritsi'~ timte'i-tTttip thess Iawe. -moo hiwI' mal I $ar em is S"wi 61imseWO .,mi idkn ImelnertionsiL 

its gn'altk istt-n'ilieneel )a.% the e4cuefinivet' ( a Pistiegl. 11w .InI. .4( Talee 9It so..'IL ith isuatisett Itelt'.in 

lwinear ui'latoenslihip betittvit 4' anu lite actital nurnLc iervsenet rate awl. Itatew ite',esgmwver fw lite pe-enumnl 

heat inpust to, lthe laeer' iuleih will Ix' th'niftmetteateel 

itn Avti... 15.5..2. Iti, tist imt~ne's.all tien,. 

gr:Ae'.I leetille. lthe artillerr.4viae 6&4. awl this high 

lufsittII' leid ri. .ir's. Ilieses latat mebOotnt in Figure 

lte attempti itee fw.n'late wim-tte the' as-I'rit id ioeun- 1t wieare' the nrtre- Ife. varl. ties. i.iesee In Ix- similar 

tim''t en~a.n 54( tltr-- litrn-lo :tctintIt the fluniose tsetai it. ,.htat- tee an .'xpeenestiel ritt'rm.A .or ilieetwttsl r 

foerutese .4 twm lpowewir fiteell. Itatiternill ii. .teinigl ineplinik lhoe Oh- utn~iaj lines 

$64 We1osa if this meese siesta air fleetri si en esemilg- 

Dirniiscou Er~otslitle verito 

~ ~ l~ien~ceeel ro'innIt te etetteiwe 

Antitecsir g'.per. 

a Kivc'n rlzttgex in. flamelo e'-mosix~tter. the cii.~ 

Flat.. Teniirraeer eiM e IfmntC-` Ill'%te itlIeTeIsoe kJMIC enepi~ll'r At hi~lie- 

Miac elicAtwuiena enj.ieit rite' i.., eel' 44eett. nist a Natitic trut..jwutatee. Ev:oth-ntk alp" the use either flo 

funstimi .4 the Rae... teuapwawesissuies"a. )adt .k-Wrbi eviegreving type m4 hullileta isve( a higheir bsalihtie kisle 

alienion the type ~ Imallcte. firrl ande .ea the fieeoneicn inervaste' the rns.iosav neat rAmt oaS o alwtwe mtt 

JA tacuI 1u 

I so 

% 40 

34400 2c LDS1 320 34000m3600 _34W 0 '20 

P0501 IPLANMI TMftPAIUKi I" 0(6*01EC It ft" we~a - (IIE"Eg 1 

F icuP. rat.- (te Unis.C .( 0,0"I sin. t%,r r'..lj,.t s%-%.e 11:1 .,,,jiv 

CON FI'W NTIAL 

~ e. few flrlow ti..-ei,. tItM, lisp

lfnhRc %Th4.W OW PNP(P~etY 02 

I t- aat laiiptt verotm,' Ilaum.,' 1 anlooa toi~grr thin At( th fl~ame tarniperiattir. As 1wo-an.e Ilse ticak- 

TIar tLata.u 'sa-AWt 'itblism w~jowtoolja. Talule !I ara 

al~ipteal in Minim 10). where ther Wiawac r n~aa~iomp 

lotr 

111-.44 ,.a ervell 'sit i -t riven flaiiie taollerwfletltt sistitaW 

inenniors with tile litillipti' level. lbIa 111W (Iava~ilabe 

6LI&a 41. in* pWsiiMit an 6vowsispliom saI 6k6 paaim&. 

The.,~ ob 4* e hiwknplo of the trnnaoawncu 1ftW 

It l'sla' Ila'. fi~.l'l tha~t tIlse devi'ation ftaint linear. whaich we~re g~. iats' Table Man- ptlo itttedl vermina 

ity at very ImiO lani Pwtrn~aipnttratu" its pr i~altlv thE' S~Minor tlinix-rnawrt in Figatira 11. A ..trniglit lrat' Pny 

rrooset 4s alauaaarptitim to( l~ata'ut heant .f(qt fii i #ulmnug 1w .mw. dlraau- Irob posiaas for ;Nasw~lespo cao(~ttifainiting 

the a'ot~idoIrr~a. Inciting is( pan usteel that nallp-ars ." to 1M 1)X. 1t4lghl lt VsMr hijgh (131114 ttliagw'ftttlfl'a the 

amompit~nr the' firing even of a asaingit IotiosIEl do-intiuaw" now It.ter thlan nt Itoo temtwrattaaira. Per- 

5 

____ ____ ____ 

* a & a * 

____ 

i ~ 

___ halls tha.. 6. 1 sun uf M thp shi~wtimp,,,s"I Ow ith entP 

'wst of fumsiopo hamving Ch~anagedI tire thermial aianllititnaa 

2 it 1.'! tli'trilawtioit 'af the jusiaitai (for tilae three I1DX 

jowilm er*to la1 Inse aranoloti. 

IN 

li 1511 

*Ro ".W 

S 

10 . L * s 1f ( u AInp o r oo fl~ff ou Q _ 

Mio#a t proilflifr Fisounpa 23 is NDCI)I tl,.. 

Sincea the heatf inpoat dmho"MI he otairor firro-sly nAm..a-.~ s d.a 

uiated with liorrAi~arfacea temagemattara' thaan io the I A LAWs.a ttkowerin 

flarIC ttflernpiitira'. it Iio renoos~aiatb top exper't that the I'mrus i. Tmotodjwaa'std lava., thick smi win. domse 

plottingt of emisisn rate versia.. hent ealisut shitouiaI give' lenkatwawaum. (T114 igur thop. topprut" noaasm Ftrw M in 

a smaoother etani'. Thiii aledaatiina i,. loitiae tni liv the N I lRC tte1t1tort No. A-411.) 

facto. If the etusatn rate is first gtlottrii :agaifl.t brit 

inlitit and then the Iae't intmit oonala is cneaaaartrol tit 

flame temperntitye bY menn.. of thle linear relahionshaip 

*Iiw torrhaniajsain of thernital taianstaartnation has 

lnern dilios.'aoeu in Sectiomn 13.2.3 and a methodi of 

of igue 0, herr~aa~s~f F~awtt:awigin~laaia.I c~alculIationa has liven prorsentrill' wthich permitiamn 

with the tlifferenret lt that rew il ,I better fit of tile 

experimental pipinto fto thue5Cail!talra~aat~ia 

ex.'plansaution oft thle re.sult oft Figure If. 

e". isna rate veennis fl~amae 'atagaemnataarr. 

Heat inpust foar a given flmato tanilletarafielni Pht'I 

also inerrnora with tile biallistir level, Ill(- fa~ir it. 

:avail~abak' al not permit :tn inveslit ionta tat th~is looiint. 

%toI)Iictni'M OF PROPEILLANTS' 

I ntflluctiown 

'lime e int. ponaaag aias atifa the qIreiittla.nce of 

lSU nernnal Transformuinatin veroo dioeiAaam,aaaaiI araa-tan rate atpin the nflaizbatie flame 

Flam Tenlorrttir 

Fimnee Teaasgwthatare 

Ivipenataa' tof t(lip riwnde. Froamm this. it wiatald sum'n 

ii (lit igat ioti a f vrasiain alaigtlat- 1 lit~aincil by 

Ityv irtame of its r~apgid natc. uto ttruaati--tt "biaja aevlaovaioaraa pmili ofa ftt ai fl~aaae teml wr~atohra bitt 

tivrai~til it toa reaaew ia-elf ila~iaag vaaal nitoood. teli jaitt hi iwlagatat. '114 was Aliggesta44i ill ý4.cioilk 

IrPatil-turaaat' Ilajar pri-,o-a s,.l:a Out ra,.t rit ir tikin 

at the 4trigin (of a1iiai %%hucla is idlicid epaituit of the 

t.% po oaf IaalIetA tr thme noodtalr oaf tianaus fireri. lhiii. 

--~aaeu 

~AtIt.t*aatitf s tan.tIuli i.*as~aatti 

the ChC411# larao 14 the NDI (ttii 1112. rr',-antiawaaI.In aaj lastin. 

41 athi Inj'r 'lie (iio. 4u'~ N IWW j''C 'cooatasu 

elarafatotiotw tlairki--na'.y aaa Ian r44 as I.gr'u..aI f tne. a- ataatv*a~at~ .I i-just .aaat st 

CON FIDENTIAL

V111. KNOWN$t~% 41110 4;1'% leTFFIL Ul IHV.tfiEEVN FPWCLLStl 

3.16... 1for It %js p. ,4...utv pits.it vt, . %ls,~. it It 110. tigW gIgt freie. doll a~1 !;J ul~ st~ -it else fall- 

ns~.hs.,Ar% o-. tlici th .~w n'~tern- o .4 .i,,..em .stl It 4sAeddl, ,Iefgit, 4 ILs...sAtuP Irwrlo glmtwda tail I-46L trte* ,smdi low 

r Iv It- E~i~izistit IK lvin :lm' 

-isegi.-Ismse. lootoolss -0 Itial pod,,141inotlg ~WImmliSU 

P..uoh~ro litih illoiLars.,gwuts. 11W IVA) .eqrgrs w ,..bl m t uaknu4luAinU 

64 l.s.Ir.5tullwl Iwe n.l.4.1mr.csisr-et forvgui ties Iuiae no. IsilJ an mollmilmsir M~anor tIlsgi'ttloom lr n,, the' 

s01INsi 3',n4kr,.. In lau1gh114 s 11616 'Meitie st vdet plaies: ips~ml looo.44aIc- pwas.. st".WI "3itm4 nnIt4itiI #4 

WtlAVI64 15~.1.11 MINI 'Ailshe, C-1 i 0T .511a mnsowioo Ihe tdis4 it.4f. .%Ituux hnb~ #Amatme, b 4 nut Imrnbfs$C 

tesýtinlg IIgo 1 (73111 it I it wa-s I...uai Ou51 tl. fueID.Xe~u1s I s.-les~mto o dI unweinms'tru n rae'I31 laizntio. koom~ 

thi5W ~ 1 6telpti 14M..h thita t1w 4..lIr v.Innelal gaomsw.Ieise a, latan tit~an is. 4ogves.im with wthr otmI. rratiis.4y 

am nwwwes.' 4 tr. Thwek whler., is. imdroeor Iha Slne loststn. . epmos.4 .Ipwal&hJmiw posaehr- ummijejal aia1- lop elflMe-rttlim 

if I or jgamdr "irtilexfing(ne Ilk- mool,,ie.ti.6o oirmslt.I. P 4 uwv tooli.e. Wrn.t an- p. mmalsr readil rt.- 

%of itlestm it ioIs. im~ tii Igid towI itiogmort.mit farisrns.-.s Iny rnsvr-saairu fuere. ,luine flrnseg.;314M woolil.I 

lotlo 1w n.6.e.iesn in tie s4ki%4+.4Iti51t 4t d... eyd 4-oese im4.ns~l. in. uI.Iougnd in thr, rate to( a pisAsler that 

p..Wslers.. tlw slsils4lsn .4 h im,s.0 id, ::W..e nltiplw. Wad, ,I.slonit wsl i, lret ha- a lesww ilamowtdljVtn 

tJIII. ali~e MIe thwtoies~sm...5 u.iari fdoII.ws is. tamrruto114. %~eeImllm "BuIfinrzidesm tof imsw~efr is. songj~-4M' in 

Avsisimm JI4.A whit-~h j.intme 4.45 the 415'lI.lhbiiti 4I 

Vana itnsw in Tt 1wo 

Emotion Prr0.1,asts' 

two swl~a u p eg fiwndesment al' odulfr in rharpes. 

Frusni sludii,. .4 vrivold-I Issued aioll fronts tile ns41tal*AS 

of Inhnorattf..r firiiis~ tets.: a Vn:ss dt-al Its. lusiji k-anwI~ 1lwfirmotdivesset41 Coudnoeatioris 

altiout lhor eirgts. on evin mmonres of did-. vaiolloo eua es . Si xtL,-4.i~eDtu-.,a OD 

Pols I to .4f t~w pssiskr Kamws. frot isfi s ldi i lftwnvn iu4. ~ ~ t-.-.S~rwct 

lants.. .\.rv.andee-rseqif~-,s 

v-antas .f 1wi mawstinniuanrC 1 thats bd 

OMtst gtifl 1MIF". tIM 11JlCL5 '. 31111 fihillpl.4O.%gN545qI 1 Is. ti 14lnl t rvaluestiom uA thr rlu-ie'ami fat'v-rld in tile rcuses;. 

Ms." (nnn ther upnAl mingle-~ andI I.shotob.omor pron.,w- ofi eneiosm. dise.tiol.sq in Svtlidon 13.1. may ihe applied 

lants. (Seviisms. 12.2 agool 13.3.41 has. premAs~ Ihint t1w 

nitrume-litllope pusedensf tsiisie-s;caswt nI ar trarls..riuing 

tit tile plmg~kn .4 finefing a kess. ee'uedive prwipeliint. In 

the, retertitonss of the pinakst %a,-* saith gun ~4M the 

aherens. thimse drinitaining nitzogvel *virn in athl.itmte tit I..isotop impuriant (morrpmenfts. of thi. Ps rr carboon 

nit,wfdiId.(sLsessIk-sl are .xi~isiziagz. Filrther snjmmxid& anod c-ads.m trumsnid. ~1sether oxidation or 

es-i~l-enr i~f this. fact watt ohlinvnsil in slie stuolitm, of traritirizatissi .4 the boom m.erfare swvs. slepewdle on 

cat 4 .. jwnetraeti.n i(Stviins 14.2.51. tim-CO0) rlt.;tinthe XmCatthf ffrt ivetmfl petr- 

MIetaihlegophir ana 4l ietmit-il titsielit-As ith t swourfnese jtiure. fosr this. ratio sksn~mom.e vith the temipcvftttre 

Lnwrrs in crsmles1I guns. t(liptev 12) lwa..' inoIis-:dtesl s( the pws..rt,. ruA ootaining nifruev-rinin have a 

thsat the ,ibmsslifaIt ew'ss.. pnwes.v in uInel,- finsi aith Isisdsrr ..svgmi Isantue thave thos:.or conltainingflIC .v 

s Itliehce.4 slerto i. lthe n.ittsmov o~f puriiai'v lis1ue- anitnotes1tlhissse. 1111% flt- CtI 0 4 rati" uf the ((inner 

6(41 suntcriaI heigh in s-arleem still nitr..ge-v. %,his-h has. are Iss'ssr thin 1he""o dthe latter (Fivirr 91.f Chapre..iIle~l 

frismthe rlesieii-i sltcmlýisen t.f (lie t-q4 loIs 

the psjssslsr zts-es. 'mi. ticstc-ri~AIm la. b ,si..tn rnsnp' 

ter 23 anti ther gar footme tIodt4e4.,e padowderva may 

1x- r-on.-itlnvl momsi oxisliinsi sor 1c-.. mrarssririnK. Fig- 

almjsat 1AXI C' lous 1han ts tlss. sue-It isi p. suiti of Kiam mit". 4it. S .4 Capter 13 4vosw flilel- fur the sitisnat 

-tMe. slt ) lite stw Ia- ind. liop ss-farit is s in guns. its tor nmaj. r immsihswt s--.st ini fnis,, th linftera-Mt iof of 

se hish sxidaimiit Illy thel ra.-4-- frsstijit"41ss4s-rs. -sitsibmaii -eeIM :,ru Imminsi.- s.s= In .srsler tit ssts,146i lsi-sinLary 

iZng uuittssndsii virttiks"' isiar is. ih;.1 1f sanmelts'nl sir sisulit ins. me that sesieskiiteis midi r-ýtrlirC-1tfitm1 %div 

js.-rha~pss,sl md.I~is alters-s O~ ld :-is. is1. Isnsirlit 'sot e.sital ssr 5w-diISP- v-sin nsittliasIIv slimirris.-4's. an inill 

.S44-t is n 11 2.4. 

1ice A)% ,iis..i- vis s ~iey-isi frisun tilee eM jdlessq 14111svrius. 

inl It~iiie futissmitratr ansI :,n alpjirs-sid sle tlt- 

M-na.A- is. tI- Clw C( ' k r-tili s~f tse' eA-e- '17r11 35, aýisglfeillanze'uýI 

elssr il tha~t a le-. sussi-iv iesssslsr msighlt lsm' les-... is..sdr utlithsl Iv. rssjsin'.l. It W3 s 1vcs. l" 

~ 5.-s-s Is.-luoý Ilis--..sss 4,~ a.s-icts 

CON II DENTI.AL 

t*. %%ti sIi;t hi al .11:

: rteWmrwrsb l';::: m: sof tile MI5Tm', 4 Ar,~m nigsu to' tle alleivI' Hiawi-o rnsassuiiallg. lRlX 

il nlisterieti idi f~ 

*s~ielztiem n fmlairi. s~tvi% . fiis nm ti. was~ ituaseis.j the 

r-itllisr .. 'A) ert"6sa., s-'ting giain ($s'sioui 11.2.1) with. 

um n.,.roiv. tlaiau .1 Z117 fliitaiglyrsiriia paouwslsr It- whlip-lm .5%1 of frnjý- 

fli)x roaw amtmst 

ituiowtt." UL41it Ie 4.Kipt-t-te1is lie I aan- 

vwhirl, aivtlgllllvi j tile rari-. l'isimn' it ist (1441)15w 2 gloiwee',I Ailt i'i i~la n lsirtg 4 1sfm evwirsiuioe iamtitir.olitrly. 

4",,A-, thsat file forimer. Ia-msitm,.s sic 1tirea Wither in 11 a~is,.ljfiertatr. ili-stiem' evionpon~tetll' in dria)lseitnall 

('5(CO OL nifiesp. i4160alslet 11114-1 mas1aia aim' itrI-strizinag oif mnomails fei',-ifie~miisitg Iia, time fai s vital exceii.ive 

than Ow tie ttt, 'n. 11w %it o fiii,". imwwst- lintuiv. inianatli lilia.t llimeo l se5 trof fiti ie N alugintiotimd. 

61110,. hstwell's. lhsis. Mint haN-1' tAlly 4li, *4uas wLAtIa. 

4uim toi thirk hiah c~f CIL. rtwis... few .0maulimp. 64 V06. 

lio ess -fmatitir with atn RDlX lpsaw-lsi (s'mIiosm 

14.2.51 isaslis't-afre tha~t this' ". tamtisam liaultirtie will not 

saaxxinmt with, PN.wAe' C~A~MOWms 

1A)W I'tm'maqmium of NitrolicciMn 

v a 

ass' hlads iii c'nrhisin at, tla,-4- oiiligatjaw (nail% tile frrin-alis AA~ Will, jpilntat oisl ill FlesHimmn 151..a ttsylu 

Ofc S Admlth-Iiamm' juwlt-iwais t flas' piigisa n ift'.'mfu4 loes.' ltasinlev it) wlaj'lg .a ,summahl ualliolttt sit tlit"imWyart1lf 

t4'aaalt'rnt tie mnIt IsayIj se. thait jig I he i-rd of a hes it D X 

pim aks" oit her n'asetumssa leq..ilc. Ili1s1M it( . 14ml.' ar 

Itaitls'm 1xv ilai aimi l oigit hi' kaws mtrp14'hivi thana fin mtt*(.) 

t usiv 

~l'sre- with 51,the 44 ±''L5,4i11)e olom ialillasstaatlfv ilian 

t ainioiM ai rmailaai''losias. It waxw imiumneel tis Itci 

inisxtoraes 4i a1 Aulmi Iaimi sinigl4"hliL' ianti a rfumiargid 

Chain dui in flir' rascss, "11s' niip"ws.Ililsasas. prla-1s6~nio. Iso ilin in rasam pela laflul1iotiss that bm 

inljio-Itsimill. thiat thai, sisut lxs I-am la.'rave has-n foorisimija n 'f''ma~s so( idiinisclyt-i'riai wsasithe mlar buiaarsl. Stich 

tilae fe'w instuaails-t- in W164-11 m'ni"ss protarla~s, rt'isitingin aixmiorvo %wan' 15It' lx- IsIssi first jag s'atas'm r'ent phup 

front tilae taire of PDIX psswmht-ra have lusta ittimaimmsl 

lay diffrur~tjsm fta'danisqaaca'." 

andms themt in i-islils'i' .40D minvu-lira' Kiln Ixrlsasy.I 

Ovat asaixtiorn s's'ntainiaia .5%7 matiitl a1Eya-rin kwin ItA-. 

C41 ii the west jaltigmilrmACASU. Ilwitgi $1111 Vff"t tO 

S PU Fxcfedinta t *ia with 

Powdeti Contaning Feroiiliron 

Fcrrosiaii-on 

h 01111" agliwoo Was's'ss's'ftith rmj"nlmfAain R tVIKSh 

, . renat. whsirl, ldva'. m'ramuiaro irible monalw 

iqvsrrity. Wiss larval. 'nili, gagixtamil WAst naiome evolsive* * 

F'.kion inigiat Ilie dmliaini'lshed by~ mttuimtuining a tiatan %Angli'-lasgis ltsisalsr. Tiaw s'stsivity of maixtures 

.-sgfirictttly- high tenstacrulttmn' too utvssii caruamtami-ioutass i'aatzaimmjmig li,,% thanmi Y ,C ititawiglyeet-in. however, may 

ansd Iitrilin laid att the' Nostne timits lan'vra'itit 'mxid I n,li wosrth invtx' imti5liimiK. I'lw amilgiistal s'smgtmxstion, it 

tiogn byIlse taddutlitioin sof a stssixisliur. (l iaagwsv! filili)1.. 

atamlixsl xiSh at e-lurga' sic doiiamle-Ixtre-a joknide utoa vta wlihai-a 

1-1hisslsl las'nsstel. Sl'to IluIt saumlya lunhst I mitrit~ etrii'nm 

441 -aass s'1 Its 111lil. litlu'iasie sit Cilae tsmntimtastisrn of the 

ft'rro-ifdiesin It1.0 UaL-41 heist -jsislcl. 11-i- firsqi ii a mil- IDivi,.iismsa',rleivilisti. (sirtiger ts'wtiit woot nut continilii. 

130 rife as-essingjs fis (ine ts's-buaaji oai slem--ri.lA ima mais. OnStly flas- prltnimainmary rousta'al "pericptitus' SC,, 

ts'tisto 11.2A.h. Neii fi'rtii~gs oxidei (r,1 PI ~.- A* ssi-iatj- vruminsl (itti Pfr. filet h nt-i' e %ligi~gam Is 1 i1i A Csftti 

fivesinja flest riaijss-ted rsoloriishst'. 1lis s'itisnaiaiaal wuag tioim it(f lnie-exiiiflgtsiatens wouiasl lie wiartlnwlgli'-; nsw 

auahivjr fsomnsi in flhat"-s in-x.iiit(-rtnits aitilhi sýItl sir ia-sin tive i -siiltsi aisaild lx' sif ares maiiah vatluei ini Chipets m'ae 

Aifllpg~ wlaten lis, sk-oxidsljzr Isisl liai-ta uislslasl tip tila tm'laiilive uramcle 

CON FIDE~NTIAL

. 

PARTY 

EROSION RSIST.lNT )IATERIALS 

I 

( 

Tb. &. ,h frf .4 M w&y,.qqew .d 

'S 

CON FID INTIAL 

5 

. . S 

S 

a 

I),PVAS S S 

___ S S 5 9 S 5 5 0 0 

S 

S 

S 

S 

S

(hapster 16 

SFIE(TJON OF ERIOSION RESISTANT *1ATEIIIAI.A FOR GUN RIOMF 

N-I YX14SbIfN IllSiSTNT %1 %TEIII US munt have. s~imM.'ot, it harliwsso and ptn'itgtli rt temfl- 

tWill off Ila- trillium lay' mmplait off Ohio jmmjotile owlt 

[C t~ttLY r~i * .%; rse 01wi tomiies 4o join tortioiit nmust Ise .onrnuiaimtly iutmiik' too jin't'nnt Pormt r-silure 

at fh.' 114%.plmygif-: Lairnratlort ft., 1wrnioit 1. Wk. C 

N IM4C sh" wirom int" ya. nhroio that. !oIwqn I" me T tiw' fall 41 It)?? e'ffoort,' were' Martelwl 1wy iivi.oilil 

thevir lark off ro-4stfanr tit 0 Inu~al anm,. rtw'nivmal at- I $mn the. plortloaicit .4 ,lrhorwituimui andi 14fidm.Itatiimn 

tatm k Itt' PlWot4ler I"o" duringt firuiig. list -ttvi. 4w' high. ,fi b m P6:1'1 iSl few u'.* Ua Kurt1 linerio. fly ilit('1 cllowingl 

inftaim loit-t' 4wiiwei.. lrnsm~uc no hsremr-f.,{.n nusterimtlm .4moistne tlonhiiiniltuo' te-i.. 44f mimulylletiumu mi hro haill 

tittitit ým'li'ti firnxmngiWt, it itiii.- ittsin vi'tivitotiot ona linsi en11 iionpmsiuzsd o.'- InilSmi'anetliid' oif hotiatnhrmw' as a hariwiIlanto. 

Yrt .iti-Ilsarrt't tinl unt moaitirinips oof :zh'quiatt Arlenstw' -of a Mgrmi-4 if gills liomet' nmnterual. Further 

.0 n'ngt Ii atnd .t14.'tititt' ythat iare ztvaiilalle in miffirie tu .I ' tf l lillamtua..i. lil.. smi mjerit ted tim the dis'4ot'e1 

411111titivo (for lout till"s. 1"he"wfoo. in .mh't' If I)"$ thi., fil .o.4iite..m Stiroter tO9t. whir am' .uduatt 

"it. the I'w.,'v' m#o u gut rl4stii ste'il ttihi'1i fittt mu sn't crnuri.tiual a tha. lat have't lth' prilp'ert' .4 hifft4lanl. 

with joosts-lcr gaacsm- (nt leapt near the otiwht r'tu, ne's. air ow~ioa rt-i,'tlut no41 oits A,' f.INIM4it"srfare 

wlm-n' eooiou.ier gas enu.mm 6i tml outve ,4'llwo i tettieui tcmlm-lium'hl i. mr ret~r lugh. 

wao m'uwweutr~Atvd fin tise .tetelf.plmu.'uit .4s( itable Ily OwlII tnithose rise er oull re.4 iumail during 

cro"..fl rr,'iM:ulg1 liner.' lIuings.ee't"4os.3a1t1t W..hl %V" II hall 'mnci' atril tIw l rosfim waso limiting 

0thvqmo . I the Iorflim.'w I .o the'li cutall'r Lift airuf? gtwbii. 

L~atmurtsiorrtoun-to Ato.weil that ff AN theW '02 m'eitnts JLU Aplcais off tlip fihj.weryto( .th..' 'rMio rt'"611.* 

thins refrongnizell. ns -homwn in F'iguore 1. onlyfit the p . it ne to o itroto this tmli'nm lest I to ,. rrt n arkAhl~e 

bitamim' pure snet.tl-' were' r,'siaaat too cloe-niroI :1attak ima.'n'im' in the j'eiitrotarte't lev'el of thtis gun (Chap~ter 

byi timp ;umuwder gases,: erusojuim. nitiilyluis'ttuit. tanx-5 22). A.t parallel attark (p dit 6 psaift prmbeatut kA to the 

..ten. tan~ta~lum. tni'ki'. titititt. and.. 4Wt~~nott. (uh' th d~wlevehiptivit .4 nitrit,'.l. 4'l'rll~lllhti ahibet' ..i0 

first feour it( tl~. havie a -.ofifienttly high meliting Ivurrels (Ot~lwptr M3. lFwituoilly. it wax fouqnd that 

point (for -4etere -wrvirr tinder hyiworvelowity mondi. atte et'.bre a u~ain ttslgase~ 

tmitsn. trier.' tuuciS 11 is ait imuportant frn'tur in t i .' linter witI he flip piwro ' .' eImpre rhiiuontinnipkm l ahead of it 

failism' of a steel gun lImr.' Poitfite'i. tSilIworooluelt tt'st in ouc'h a Iutlitne'? as tat romrt.lin.t the, boom. at the moors. 

not loure nsickelazttol high-ni,'ki' :ulIw uinit er ifrom we".erp tie (C'hitpter 24)1. r',lrthernonoei it was hiound that pro. 

Iamoafix r *Vttrv fs riuinshtionnaunid firnig test- ao gtun viitrthrthe tif-0I Iwtrrm' was, *tsrnt'15tn4ttdt by making it 

tiiiers i iww'il I Iiat 6 tt'5( (extuiet niilkki'4Ilimitim~l ulighlmy heavie'r (r"ort'iallyii at the f..wnia~ end~ of( the 

ahluit' with moirtt tutnii 10% ,'hlmoimii~ are' simiej'it liner, and tI'~rju'ups tiny it',lm a Ifota'iat steel having 

tim 4n*em.' intergranalar attai'k Iby I)~IM'dr ocases and pyreater storengtha at I ight tri'tllx't'itulttt even better 

gal'.' a rfemmnueuri loan'lY' ctpiul it)for inferifmr its 5 in liftN'rfiffttt i r 411114 sidd 1w ttainiil (Cltialiter 24). 

.tis'l. ('tppier us . 1ipit( imitiitulle ftor a Will1 bmor.' sitr. ExI'ritenem %ith. ,tellitp line". iii the miahixet ('6O 

fare' miiirrtial liet'iait.4'e sf its sooftness aind ho w -triength machaine' won. whit.'h has a m~uzzle veloofiiy .4 slightly 

ill 'Jdhit is fl too it- flow weit ngt pe- .intt Itlli't testis :.,usf1... ullsowcl that this att..t' is "mnarginal" 

-himemsil thlata in adittltiiflin suits m ttt'o rlithlli'u ti; w~jith rm'9x'.t top its ti.s' in a Iisev e~mi't'e wit'gn. In this 

thennatl~l and. Ichemiciimal attia'k a Iiro' *imrfai.' imtintp'nil st a~fi'l~ratti'i -lelliti' linerr luises lolng en'mtiigh 

* 

siw-jl .,..l.sl S)ii.~iii.N I trt. pn,# 'sinSIrs: 

G-h. -A stIt.J.-ft-i , Camfl'pK I1-mtiit~t~s, -4 * 5 l%~~ 5 

Ttt.ts i. -'5t5i*w- Itidm',ý c's,fie 16, . 1. 11. thatt t*.It fi n 4 

too fuirnislm a0 11-4411 gills bar'relt. life. lout %% hien it futils. 

it dw 1mw- lIf% 111.11iig -disivic ,irfauce ,'u"uko. 'i'lust fact 

.. m~li t ii thei~mi'*orvalmt s t hat the milrfa'e of aS 

1.011 ii limier m11,' \% lt-iht find %i% it l..lieI:,'pw 

m5tt ifo Dtti..'t I )5oitraim~l a nmalerial ..f huigher. otmivt ilg Imoint tta4 timledtit f 

CONFIFNTIL 33

112 I~kT~u~ e4 EU4~Iu NF1ST,%T M1TEN44N Film 4a-( witl 

- H -A 

He UiBe C NO 01 __ 

A KCa Sic Ti v C ~Mn __,_C0 

Cu Zn Ga Ge A3 Sc Br ____ 

Kir Rb Sr Y Zr CbM OMa Ru, RhoPd 

Ag C , LI_ Si Sb Te - 

II l ar WT Re 0__,_____P 

Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po Ab 

Rn Vi Ra Ac Tb Pa U____ 

adLlk Loy t6- y.u'.s ow. 11w .) wol.6.b dor ture. orirh .-16qimwo hi 6m,Ias.W.igltoi ftunm Oioi toaI~. 

Xgni '~I upe in hvtxriidwit~v jains. Ilia( 6. oincs fml~yltwaskli~imlI3$ttl~fhW4 

at rauzzle vC14241itie14 £ftetc tinin 3.. 4 WJ fp... ll'44v t1w 11ilicirlittent. iiaafrr Mnrwmttnwl 4it tiw (m.CMrikip 

warsret for sitch u. ninteuia wu.. rimlinuelrda fil vtc ur~ tini Caricrn fiI.'snr.'a lillIWftnli'1. romfntueiiwt 

titd 4 4 

thalt further (ff44411 u4'em nw.Ig to i'%t 4t44lj fii'le 44'4~f4'4 . iI-TIsi4ifll4 Kt444o MluV14. whirls alowt 

Applicatioln 44 g.ellite. spirtsir very 1fowtlio4414444 for Iaylieffeltrnty ..evri 

hDur44)fing World4) Warlh ,h41.t 4144r.5 I)tj4n" 441xmb that 144'1444444 )~NUt,, 144 .7). lilu .r144liticr. a(id thIf'r 2) .te 

Itfat Iload full4 ,.t4'Iit4' line"'I jii,4iriiIn the A144 er. ('4't4m it-. ,iitl(-v i in~tent wiold nool 444 l h 4: 'l~ren 4')tivitiite4I 14 

inewitmlr~t. Prmothi4'tuin -44 .;A'lite-tim'il li4444114 i.( tit 1441 lDivi,4ioin I f..r 1i li.. w n4414'e imm4'4igh it ntay have 

.121, wat 44rru .llh itu si:f zt file' tione4 4. J:a 4ititi~ -4ir- jinhipi ri-il a41414i1-ut444l.4 

4y'4k14'. The fitrthler appf4114:tia od1 41 -4ilit and t441ither'?~ 44, l tItio 44ive . 1a:44t-411141014ilh I)4*4IM1'1 Id M)1'I.4i 

lisoIt-ILni alIivsp44 .4:Ito *Jftl445nw li 4.?))A. w 44 iniiti 4,444(1 .NI)IlC, 444 4riig tK ll(-tsirw ( 14444 31 j Y~r kJ.'4 to Ith* 

In'y the Crane Cunitxiiin ftor floe' War:4 D u;144rtnient. 

('.mtiniantitin of t11e i4I"tsv igiiirlt is(1 rhi nit 4*444144 I er. 

devi-44141g4444414 ai'~ very murrf-Al444l wnsiitiom to the cu 

,'idk 4)) ;4r4141e in i1444414i444 K''" 14 and nernme~if the 

w*wr lintta an4ti44 of14 Al~to y tl44 ,Ipt f 4.4:ife4 I( varmi n it pe'IcIrfuortmine t4444der lii~yx-rvloiil Ino '44dit441144 to' 

3444. If 441 1-4t41,4 (C1i:4p41r 20)) ai ti ffie X 44:il ir Iim 1im- thwte rI4'II-4vfim'4I4l ininn al -ift whic44h wr 

41 S44?illnfll1 iiinif It I he War tid ml 4 iwlitl ~*t~ y pIlrr1.su II.v fle~ .AIilR' eivi r~ 1'Ii 

v4'I41i44 KiCm' :spjI44':r- fit 14-' it k rrli.4:4.41lI 1 411 144414 6 jull 4144411, 14i'11*4444 tinit~iti nt in '4iI-444'1444'4 

I('144;.4r !A) Sli~iffici4 im44~t-gri k44j J$ id it)414 44A 4. 414tI44 (.slrtvuqlV4.44 nl4l i fill- Gm-io i41KtarirpI44 

'4 4.i4 :I.. 4~i4,,d , 4.4:144 4, mae ljiii 4113- Ito -1C . k . .ItSW. bV 1 l 4'f44 1.. 

C:ON VII INTIA.L.

134WtKMTIK.4 #W V4 IDK%. 1011114041110% 10I-lS TA 3TVAtU&. MA 

Us~3 

Ito tine Itarne aausitilver .4of11"M4 14mwaa t 1p,~aa oa1ather 01'ga '11W. ewrotul n-Viaainw~awaan i' .4 laiph rr'.tilld- tit 

snaletiaja' tlm-riannl-anaa .iwaaic-al hAwk (S.~A-Miso 131.1.2) las cliskuril 

av.I1 a aaaininumain tenahiwuy (fir tive soarke.e Ito 

c~r aonkani uoir :I vanriwiaI na-tirmn tlnlln a~rveos in the 

l"11111FMIFIS 4WNA WA L EVARiU 

L44 A ~ rei al 0 &... the. tanteinio naanw' pit Uis t, 

nLh Intrioduct;-on slantipt vaiouiten a-liannawacv 4p a' rrisoi ad life cyciic 

tAlmow V*Wrr tirlnitte iafea am the 1 n'.njwluirti .4( an 

iskul .w-i- tasawiawaant matermia have. .i*.wol.a thorian~t 

In 11w 4aaas' Ed coninti*K n watert aimtl volurnwnac aing"w 

uany cananwe jnwr a.U~im4sn anal crnaaking anti tI" per- 

11be .waaiunaao D~innnuam raasvetottatiolvilicn t-~w.rustia. suit alttank aw(ftine ainoertyinag AMe bay the iximn.krr 

lluwr evnNV'IJS air thne arosailtl ofwni auawrvw af flip the 

"aewaitaa,4 lainratwa anwi artrziyaa r~aing teat.. 

tn-Ao. -sou in thne r.nnae apt a sor"I Howe thtey r ftawnyos. 

attl-rt w~eriaaaaw I"raakiniowg aiP4-ve'n o-wanwtairtian i( lthe 

of join wanrrriaa Aills anti withawwat lii.ttwa. platitnp oar Iasom. 

ruatinp. oof aspeial awnetaba ore aIlwaywa (41-Wrieat'dil i ntie 

boAsoviing voetimso of thiii rinagter and filla rtitainajter 

Asa a Iwawartiw reqoiretanent. tiw. r~effiri,'mnt aif tinernmia 

aexpanIsteiio on iaawla Its- laown.-t thnat a.t clev~al~il teninefu. 

aof P:art V). ewaptuniwne.I vitha autZnalV,'ia atal itiatqiruana. too".~ the noatatiwng pnijertilis aiaaw'w not lanse rngxag. 

tion .4 this.mta. ulsi a~ale.,is*vniww wn etal with lthe riffijnotanal fail to attain awieeluante w Apn. 

esroutala touta Iwam-P. anti auiwliesoa aw( thme aaa4nwau.anips aw 

moinsta~ (dItllwalit in Partsa [L. 111. anda Its). .UA 

Tine prajwvt~ir recluimi of a -at jwpfartaary IwauPr-awaga 

UCtetasieal R~itae 

face itnaterial telkend awn thne aawaw41itiaatm.. undmer uhirici (ineutiwal rv,'aia-:amnc rootaaiaewa either that ltne inmait 

is to hewisweat. ilac nw~italoilityi- 4 a xiven maaterial temizil lor ianert tot ltne iwuwnler gpcw" at tine tenipewa- 

Itorame so a Isom wus"(woo is a Vanrtiornln gnaa tuLie is' Itarewa uttnwianatl Ivy the booam wuranala in riantart with the 

.kwteramini vy lithe chrcteiwfiic,a metunwul or .firaw~,ies ai fitosl pawew. o aq s . df orbedatvl, "Witmwa winn take, 

for tlint wA~nmn with "vrrw t twa wie, rate f( firae. pliaae. a thinia tnaileneaet prwtwretive filnan Ive faannwdt. The 

mnuzzle v.'towwiev. type of nsaunnnanitikaa (alesittt awf pano- ramte awl' efilienanimn ranctitin iw inavuavetd in rwiafimmuml rejerotile 

annal riaaaie af tonwiwuwtitan). tine lirrn'ors-teinn w'iwaanei: the rate annmo It lm.aw loaw that &ina delelteoiawtis 

Iwnnturtanaetianw rharuteriptncwaaf the inwawlat Miss, firnng; attack axwwaarva ian thle shaort lttlne thant Inato pv;-Aes are in 

,seltedanie. anti minitmun, toofawl life. Caw.,vrfaawly, the aamtnart with loot iwnetal in a Iamnrlitiolar wenivom. 

atwility to aftain motivwe of live nleiaaa guan ah~arater- 

Wiaran will nhIepa11inlaiwum awitctianiang a1 wawnitabis lexarrsaW. NL Gchti 

ntourfaire materiai. 

MslalclPoett 

rpris 

line prnnma reagaiaitess .4(a autisinatwan lwamin-,wrf~aae In tunialitiwna tna rewaiwtanee tan thermial awnd alwntuiraaI 

mnaterial faor any will tanhe amir aess#nauem tan tlnermnial attark byfll ia iwwlar t o~w X~aewa.s a antiwdariurvo Imowre..nr. 

nandt deltnmica at tank hyfll- the oxnalr sci anal m~at~ainh (ara- anantaria itsnit awo-wnnptaw inanna renanain in place 

maneetanir"l Ifo~rtlieati aiwrianti firing. miaffw'r an.' Image rwtnuatmnnt .iatijge in 

,Iinina.nsiow.,a,ho laist an., g onapnwanat ,infannnatisin war Htow. 

'Fhentsi lewaiataaecd no' anall anaw. out anwtat r exi-rewa4veiy onr .iisiaat~wgratetwv 

Inritte Ia tiwinn' :nftar iantnnnakt. 'Ilnw nntnnIeni in~mnr- 

IReswnanr ci lawtcinun~aa attack iuna1vawiwemiwwr m-Iinarte titw(i awli awta:twitwia u laant -iit rot~is tnwjwewlowrandw nni atu li 

rripwtareanaflti. Fiast. ltne ninaktrnal niatha i ven :nIa a nawnn- el-wantAI taalnnfitnar wan-.jtenwnjne winetlnar .1 ginen 

iniant iwan awf lighn nawit' Jui xial. usc hinini.m s-ifairn Innts. nanal mannIt-rial %%iltnl% rwnwntniin resi17it na,. Itwa ttnack 1hi 

llaih I inwrnwnnnl awwnkilaatiVitV. -4arm4,1 a t1:1 Inn.- 4ni.lkaxt11n1 pann lr gzn;a'sw 1-:nan 11wat tina-p nadin it m ann 111n,.n:11iranl 

5.1)iilannsIn w~licww than annatinwr inainat anf tn.nhwaaaawa.4.atmw 

anwatrijal. lFwr lItxwalat ~wnna. the.'a naidl in: plianwa I~ S .wjwu 13.1 fiw l-wa-waa .4s al,%N-awwta~n-alwt ~a 

awl t1H 10aw tmawwafan. nlawatmaal 'Iinanisl 1 ... :n Iaa.t I Mo)CitsJ ( twa... awaj0a 4 awtmw. 

aaIM-feraani4il vew 11141 anantnivn~rnr. li Kil, bawaw l.wrt fawa wa-a. at I~igtawlnitmwak. iaw ,sivvr:i(twan wwatr 

w w' 1 3.2 faa- w~iawww wwl. Illw twrnwawl twatwaw ian -na wn'.rww.atnaIaatrwtrw 4 wwt-w' tIs 

C:ON FIIDNTI %L1

ill ýL4LAIII% 4w vitbt~ists my_.LcT%%r~ %I T t . FPil 4AN Wilt" 

olnnj,"1: I k' I.,ý-ry fit lin-venl Im1lmianelt hl4v irmalittl 

Jsagigi 4s the, filing I-v inuart sif lite Imjm oll*ai igl .g4a 1iir allotM~ sillplbie 1612, 116 

file: l.sir.thi. msjuinimm-lit rill lot- genain' hr A- "vt.I,4;nmsweIf r'msliPC m'P 

lisps Z7 minl (isijaisM II lGIo-i,4m1n. too osWuýifg. veo6,4'l5. 'lee' ineflnglont um VliM- IYIWOV116P1 

althimich it 6, n4iacsI tis lesst-Iilitrito~ aesmI fool-. ihir rv-ionso1 tea gisiviilig. OK Isis~i attA6k. awli is 

spg4irtgnilt, 6, 15551 .IOriti'flseh.'Is * v tiw,... plmslwrl it glswipso. Plnernmw 4. irP aadi mrfnkinl. loset slid - mehlei their 

loo A1? AiI..s 6141 665Ii1I.4lWl 41 

itslt~iI trtemt4saneI. 11.61 v tip6 155 15 tINimfhlirlI cffItvts 4 i Ieb n~ 

utifl is slffirillt let nommt416Y. anti 6ksfWimmill6 isitUP we ba oso ima.osi.. 

II4..6.galiv6 toa uiaei,.eg :154 srtl s1-A Iaf hilth Itlaw. 

Itggyw. uhA Iwuti~r-4maislusy 6~ sirneliwi * s #sIlI Isigli 

1u11114aw.. isu :1.0 IR. Ilivid. lAw sisisltiliti' 4itew~NOI~~~N ~c 

Istallsrsis ie.1" ito itilliasl olnitrile I 081 1t.1 eat egl 41.1.1. 114- Rir't iev.ities rt1 1esss Ia v'6Iim I in erahatintg 

niille e 1w Im grt t iti g Is4gl Itr'ven uiaackigsg agedI sltfir llm- mn'.iativvos6 isf iIW-faJl,61 a ll IS" toS 1WP"Itk'r-* 

failssr sleerioilt file 4-vtr tle~asin. s-yril .4( nfl~iwls m.1st6,ig ~ii list' tis, l'm 1 vg'ii glba.~wTV le millheul at 

firing. ~'ern"1461Itvtit-frilg Inm~ism~Im eia6tlain~tr6 5JA tite'sli 

Mvurasn,.c mcwes- empiot.~ mi.taii~t g,:tsriialotirsrappiafls Origs1 .,a lit- R4ls~Iin~ii .. is I22T i'1C 

so a Iiaiss. ai liusitag. -eg io ai Immre t-natuiti its ai gusssts4A ls' made. Is-". o.'ew anti a ImIerI ~rim .410the rlte 

Itaarrs'i. it i, linftrulvirs th IIat Il( l Iseael ivie sand lap s ~tif. , tmmt'1l sf ilw rsst logsi rrdh.- ls.n h 

Im) c-ri)n 4s elitew matirial lip sI.,. lip Ilmies' 4sf p5in htizal:-eftel aef the '4191 pllugt pith. WMftnptiu ti6Isk 

stifi its. n-lius' t1w gWsms at tile v.;nw pqacketinsmiled p-t, 

ULU Otb.r Pruwj ti .irs 

omp. This, OMPAU .4 tmpetal walso so etm.' 

firing'.. aý .16ts'rpolirws h 'r change in Nwl. comabinitd 

In maLliti-m ta. tile primsp i-ssrfuas' m'te4estwaeln sf tilm ii-fl little aft" firing Vat C111MPd'td 

cail tr-;-gig15fl jimie ,Iitabl54 mells'5is-It Invi l'lhip-tit's- gave u xrki je foir estimatingt ltea eit-. f,*64aDO of 

jern-t s16-iag-4eA. st-llmas s t~r l,lr~ sltm qn -3i s. -if is muitagls the ,aaetisle'. 

Iwssi--tartxarr smesIrsisI are avila:.j1sIif 'v ini t1w olesastiti In file firag teat,.* isf iei6.rly 100 -wtm1s and a"~~ 

fit - il-in's and asi - to(~ eaf eigl)IantIs160. fit forilir tip 3xtr- 'Will. %-evil% :sifll 61teii~at'ji.so pnifri Wey uxied. 

mail its. auiatli.vstim in lite foni stf xit ahitter fw lining. a I'csiaer I I,.'..' reltively .'4"61t rivisolikift the aimimout 

otiiI-'#*iiri I iILl1w :lllmet'l:haa- tip 5slsrivatiteat il ii saitl ir 45 6l6turll ri-mmemiI li fee-lin 6is sarls orate than that 

-imeo ansi sltara-s.minl niti-iI las iea~sisa'rimAtle feat Imssring h.,.t ill all'* aatlar 'val'4 y. andt Iherefsesw the re-ultip _sAg 

and rifli~tt sir it v-:i~t lip: lapplicili s:t. x.1 ri-l'~t it.'I4' gr't " 11i,' mt:1Asl have 1 'lit:shale mitimm wi-Wa-txie for 

ithin flisvi 6'ml~ing. aw tutsalr mainisiijbno sof It ' vperttloifir staer. bjore 

In the nei-i ,esgitpn .1thai'IN cassptert. thim teg meth-ls turoitingv mlsay lie' x gnes..1 imlpipirtxin. fasro. ln:y- fisur 

061u4 ^ ares it' 516'4'flltiI aimie hlit t'-eeilt- ur liii 5111alit mrta6I (i gug-ts'n. taitatiiig.11,1 stta. anti chroiz'tI. 

Alt imi 56i 'aliml l lash n-iminiiaer-Y iiifstirimiit run vitl timiiai 4mm ".t'l Ilflitlii'44 xittaill"' af 111151vroet'lt he gsinct r I in Lals. fllt eY te-,1o sif Illaternel,. snif Ih 11w s r gieg 'test,. ill rliiallrlrtip Is. iUYal sut 1 chevlllt'JI 

1 

clasaisa s~f sll setiall ranl theleers Isto sxarsra'.'4es tee a fa~ew taiu -. millesr It via' tIx-reasiitv ~insilsiimi3s while two 

pnasaImican -e thessc'' litii'sl;latl' tr-. tisf sait s'ns-iies, walcr,, (l'tlt1w' and gitdicc IaulpcA a lic-a* nixirkee 

rc-i-Itasat nc.iirsi~al i, a firisvt,is II uila' tit, inmil "It lich islsha'ss.6'lletit. 

itie 14# learsi4 sir miseslr s'smujtiti-m a- r14.4' 6 e"'ix 14t' N~iaLCi :11111 111eesI gait-LeCl rdflssY (C.1110,1 nisrkef-crhto 

I.. thia, as!? iisetr i Tsaj4 111. ll' 1 ssi :lllivmltissg, 

,if thc 154.1' I y aas~iairvml laaasa Ia.Iads 5sf s'rssasea nj-t~lmt 

leimole alh~ras asitli icisis than ILIY r1.% iraanisuiil are 

mailjatI las iliestrvrcessim r sart's~eg *l3U sphriap,qsr'I to 

;1l ra-e1,1 aae-a tis isaflspi-.lsiellt its Ieto~aa. lder z:a-4'-. Thi-ivi' tI151i15 trY vi ill dlatrrt'tt' in 

t lie I M1 Gfarri'vallt sf Set '~ . Isa', ejles-m am15I tae liii' i-ivi thea Pp.imii '4 iiat-)litist rttt asitt, %.in.. 5,1 Iserml~e 

mid1 h'llsa it( ital ova5w 'a;assas m re ch-rils.if in ssf flia' iismm-a'.a aa 1111:1 ls fia,.esgg. Narl,-Pscittt vet't 

I':ae I. , ansil 'al. ts'.I' :11 1lt',rt';jr.I WSTI.l it'. als',rilsgsI hi4.ac Unl IC-IS 

CONVID.NTI %

.4 I 819 ty 1 K jM 

-f( 181148. dI'"4*fll lat Ier. J.4,4- Surtims1. I4:15.I ):1.7, AlilarL~ ill gltrti't.l 41.338rfitrliq~ Its8 like 

ito 

16.:4 S 318131 It.. 1.98' .604%,7 .el'4'iniSg~hv of f 6.wrlst..n .l. %%:I- u8.4"l sea 461131' fill. ly1oes a,( .msgfan'w 

ingfth.* wfirrstve4s3tfars left Jthjpe 4 af $r* i t." f vite Iony- .4 IJI,wlo e4 pss.whg.4 moom ..tsem awl 4i a utom 

]after ,mor(:u'I la14113 Is'~m-aiw 1,33 im,- ilter.- like ts8~14 *i-imirt.,I ui 83 ti .1 inr8I14ll tooamtv83'4118l8 filei 418'4 

1A4M413 4rits nlIiv'ii git. h"..r~ilsmq it s.I't lI.2. I&3o~'ibi'te. $88ir1,rr crac.ks, t31n8.883 in ,InreP irvm and84 afll 

714- sx-iall,. is tIm-e4' it.-I wen- .to minle - m8384 she .4'. 83833W e ll8IY its 1;gl-fo18'8it1 iiee1,, (le~ase in gin 

rt-4a1813 94 a11 vval tr-I%.8 '83411' norni.I:,8e. %%fill 4114,3.143 mrl4'1,. Iimte'rrr 8yItal.. mar8ks, f41113881 iu ii ws ia-kc, 

m1ts,,~ 131 anot .1881881 4c ilort, 10um 1311111 life ia.. N.'8.1s '.\I mi,...r1t crackuing *isivierrl with I8.ino 4'flylest 88, 

m llioýl'43 1811 r I33:r :still highlo.1silt Aois.0 i334114. elintlesimoo. fat~iaitmhg for vooiSIINI master'1 flip' mn11w t1inintg 

tIil- 11-if-vis AL,0. are1 -4418314.r fiI mo1,itm8 v-sip. 

taiier1 83' ism38 14t441 im13114 u3irktl :a~Ilpi Allow i11141. 

8111 j.3f, *4 tritt. 

fIts an1 attemptIt tif) 0eparte a,' miiittietely as81ne41 

rrnitnttr :s88:wk. flat- Ision-y f1831818831 441311% 4,1' 4114,6488 freesia the 4484181flw' 

'iit-t 4 a, vent8.93108 te,' t. t~ oisi11v a8 very 

1i818i841 I 8111el ju 8 thc ,.'r44 ..83 4311 gt.m:efilst, to. 

iit-l .Vet.:111 4,14-1'8 14483 Iiiiiloiment t' it8 848rK8tt38I 

m44fll4 sins Si44tiit 1413 I.3.21 wvam okeignml uberploy1 

(.1... 

the 

timtaroc i fiv e laiWefims83taism 84f 1811 Ii41~r"A .431:1448i884' Vuna leface1831 44 is SgoliII K11111114-4 3 )1' f 144'. lve fo l t her i880te- 

IfftWI 88141,.tierantmotteenll nt8 Iin'v..11w fial rsi.ilik lie m3iij8'4t1il jxlleted.I v t8 a very high tern- 

1N1843843I'o hise a13 3rr 4Iim,.1t, at1 :o.1 n8 ew I-j.,ej I1.st-rtIIlin.to 8'Ntretti4vi ,dit~ir 11811tinah. nime rernehisitin 

is tler.4t1iseti inl $441 14118 WAA11 Ventlo3ixhI~ t4'-t." have wa -e-h' shift t1118861811111 83ctiom4 13118wn q141(3 nest8 camoe 

I O1)41H3,i~tI~I 81831 Mor 14MV411431 ill 11w. ,..arst fair P311%441 .'rut448;tt. list 318M38141C4 in .5(ctiiin 13.5.S1. Thiis 

mterials818. fear file xItumm.'. llmituls .4 rislt"'4i1'4 :118111rt.4 % ft8 13 liven8 41V,('Tiloce :%till the itiat ad448184 teati 

guaw.'3 :* am1 gain fel and'4' twtbI father fill.pectI 1t411I83 fle licirm 

waefostalmmhL"' . e. .818hl a sip. aZ atceL whieh 

FX.kwV.c.1nv, Or HLOCK,. As-mit FimiNG IN 

EX8'LC40N 

~ w3813 c-418 1144 ý'i.W ,Italy*' (\i .30, Cr 20. Mts 4. W 4. 

r3L.Io;V~pusT 2. ('0.1. hgilatt WE' Alloe r44 888 n(4 xpurflJ'81811 4 theS 

Izmlatice intitl du'tir('tjhim. nliti, iiie8Ihiw 31 ,i'tidy of 

A rnalisitfit ersio4'8tm vet-4ft.iigapti)141tt88. dcet-riIociI ent4onreist:841'itive '1,41 

Iigt hae a 318 llt' if the de(gree' of 

in Secti.ut 11.2.4. was3 ug'~I to .illm' 448:8flg11 proi)83841I e'tivttil re41414 Its, ifll''1834'4. 

in lat stlt -11181' ae * ehnmtnnc, mnf I iml~loolleltimtt all well 

:3, 814'art'm gul .411,.111 4 I~i IN88~'t ..L'483 

t1Itlaast48 nim8 s the flait ,481f1(1 uf:3 8158.'k tsl life w'a' 

1;triatI , l.i~e tet-,eeI. whaich hadttl hent set inito rr.nsi in 

~ Firiti- of Nf etaI Particles 

into a vcae ul 

a 

thte %%--.li 4. the ve,'. 1.83 Prc".4re was% c~pimigriIt~qI toy Ati,8tolier 1184'118534 tip aseta41T~in the 3414.'t38ce of 

tile izr8 41 ai ven8t pit8 (r.nin % Ihisl t81lie ag.841 1e.34t metal- and83 a8114411 tit 3lI311i4;8 8188c 8 ky hlfl p1m3al~er 

af1(1ter Riing t l8a't file D-mcl)8.4 lilil.4. FI..i.4(:'C1 mrfacei 88:8, devi-i,.. It ri','-o't411 in miixing fine palrticles 

ittutl{ I po-l ie r~eady m~irriel~w441 icnc x1-ray (-(amimti8: (Ctlillrg- (if(8 IItt' ..uniple itq Ise frteted with tIme pnoalielant 

liton .4 tile 18111! 14'tW1'f if8t4,8 8I~ingsf 'nor 3I:rham in :a va:iiwr .30) enrtritIge 411.s', after8 wh~ich the 

remelits fin guvm ,(4'4l aire dict4 I if Seetil 1.41 .2.2. 4t-at tidre. %%as firt-l i'8t58 11 M:83't evarlia41.1"m ttitle, the 

'nor x-ray. ,tudies"' itf :8 ut-In I,418i .1.imk :aft,'r fliit in hltllut enot34'tg!8g thn 'igh a8 j84rt its !-.e fsirrutril end ofS 

"881 41411 dmib'-I .t,' lae-er ind iritv'ii :a 'light :88 8:8k I~ l at-18' It:I 11. The1 834iutial iages 'i thlis te-141-isi.; we reC 

poudi-r wa1)-es" uit fitlte f1mii,nt:3 (of 48 th 18'Iit Irti, fill. 8Itimf'4 ilI. N'll ofi~il thudi it da-ti-til83331' epy"144113 M-sis8t. 

hmm3lu 83 44 ;11831ii1 Cr('r8,. In the' 418,' .1 884llt'110 It18111m alq : Is'lit 

t 

t18 lia l4"i i841 l( i. vli 1 '.(8 tile' prem11i1't1 of1 

til8(r Xl:.l '..llY :1 ,hi.~hjt ;lt8:8811 1048111. %t~nsite .- u:. tivit, :8 t:wk : 8jd fit detect grain8 rrtiiith 84r ;n m.tinatl8 

and . tt*4.8,4-1:-4 I.,n41..r. Not1 the rI'-hihl:888 ptm.831 818:38 tiighl i 1 :he8 rt,-tilt' ;if eit(i83is88 top No~t j84381cer 

nvtý r i'liI, 3.613 1 It.il-ifh41i. 411 148 

ga:.'4'-. and4 lii :81T441t file rite tif 4r88'138fl. ''1ie aIpparatus, 

is d1: -4ii1mi in Set-ti'un 11.2.6). T184 Ie-i'.el8 dIe. 

rlL.T- Me)8 IIL-tsr .Xt X TO .',itr~uyc (l4.%cuiN~G Io'-if.i li file %8:411 .4 8181'1184' il Was :484'lt8 1 810 to 

remII.. and8 exanimit 4:81i8: I .8%4 linvan s 

A thi1rd t-. life ill 1 ~i"-fI %'ll. (Svtimti' 1 .2. 1). pl'm ,ah umpam11884 %%er c-ii 4 1118nl %%-tit ,imyilar phis. 

CONFIDENTIAL 

118:338 31x-ray'. 18381841

-M& *~dLtEnoIt #W It"iQ01 x 'IV N Vt %TvYmitL% PVt'S& NOUN& 

Itigraph.' to( lite 4rimivnl noptaI ltairliet-I 

kneo.n ,.eas,:lanlo.. 

aind eilliet fn:.,: imntwellant forwa1-000 l~. oll 0.WOIXOliceat a 

m.nf~~. l~pe. mj~l ~tt(l1 

Tfln' terhniolior via, aipicelml lot .i L6rap iiiii-iI..i of titi. ýL.4' with the 11w rr lt. r lin effr4, Ow getter 

nFbafeIW ia'l'l-io m-alit.e tit .Iniclooiil: :11:6 o.'In'uusu.1 Isis~tuol a worml isf anniolar era'. ,.etienm. 

domolwito-l attark 1we 64t poomeolie X ~ wao Aura.. aw leov Mot . t tat llo. pftjiwi& that &ospueI4 tkmuw* the. 

like liwirs t~wan :.il,, tlseiii~.et. .. lm acttdl tanfai ::ttand tc'st ,.(or'i~nen Irm. a rysmokr Ormo~nd top laefti a 466- 

Iwth * ix 41:so ung ahIoy::. ask ,nrt:.,.tlipiinn aII.. rtnt~aili. mci.11 dr..I ariner tof(12 in. It wavim-t.dff ini to a es 

in% 4.8543ý Si. Streltte Now. 21. h~ild-tairkspl AllioY, %%itItirvmm wa'i~t i hat AMain a fa'srkw tend was PailojertetJ to 

sii~usis fow a1111inoolma 4W clrtonimum. and M.3oa'nl. Mipol'. a loiue.inx trtioep lifirter the rt+i-etiler Igtl irvee out 

mofrks-4rnm allen-a spoo floo niceld Pleri. lweweier 44 lisp ftil*. The. i - n. thvvmie mo.,4aaniral, artiose 

*6aviahmAupia iftrriawn 6 ti4ttV -imna h~irakaw 6b.. #o lte.- imsjrtirý Wa~ita1 lc4w a pro- 

.bnictr wvotw kraeirtin %th ivet 1144 lit awe. jmik~h wave Met u,I ina lter forlh of five apyratmtU. 

Onya ten'r ,4i1gtdwIebinirih atitack uao , i Ith.%.: i AL~u. i,nwteaw .4l itois amm amuuslar ..rifiro. a lrepoovngu. 

r remloltitU. flow4y wetriWfll loll. a 4~.1in -olil 11-4 11111(44.11 atII i 0. Ia? i I-m,.A Poretlief fe the jea'.IIr el fiiit-e Pp"w was 

1(4211. I hhiosts It. 'N jrlmens V.anwi nickel 70-Ilaenta:111, asIhievel 1ev ino~metimetwis Buti P4rfarew ad te.t Kped. 

3. O ;1fL in ra eilier Pfcoiteq. joere inmo. h~ighmimn A. i:euegp..eaheran oaptimu~m dm.ance for 

lakor. anol Imrnn reslsis.:Itiusu teem imicre~l bovth ilmo I.t th lsp r.. tc-frnx ,iht n. In tlu.. way a unotma 

ptowilr gam". PwI~em4-n-1I fumt-linmn %nonfiIt~ i lot PunilelJt tiails 6w fired milh the uinknumn unerTi:Lentichen: 

liii-a esit,.k Im %iiulet-Isine poeviier steel %a- festoppel mdn1~~ 

too mrlan-oiol~wati-m .4 puno Pldisl .::inix firinow, it lls When thse om-o-rify h4-Mtp4 the i-rvoterw teitabsitalen 

tJkoseq.Ir'.Jwe lwen.Ier.mv, *:ntuentititl in $"-litle~s 15.4lit4. jimot-e ast'esm. tlip n.4aietahtesind t lir lh thi... 3 lo)Sflum 

rnturt septa t ply l invoi-ioiluicen Allos .y tire leve, Iirifttk to. werr in% ekic.w awtimmil ntith the etilt* ob~tained 

lie .'r-ranui~k- avo linewro . mint .ni::i~o it: gain I011-0. %wilh ernu.wn rent ~i&sh de-.cnlxnl in So-k-fatm 101.3.11. 

8ine. lisp' tint-piigu fr4e, am P~implt. tn v a pittY 

WU CailtinErvin ros 

~ CaizaioqErodonTeuti 

to mlo ake, ni. wr ateueum~a 

noorha,:mral factinve arni tit a oilight entent. Dirietion 

lAn invt-143gtion" of the relation oft cavitatio.n 1. ND)IC. didl spo 4qm1lirete, it. Ine~imi attention 

crmssiua to gun crowion wait::uide Ily ivMlijereingme tuic am. ruinretratr, ur swet o-thug nfothowmo (drs.tritsed in 

31 rapeni t, uto min wleed, ainti either A~lto v.. prewaioiuO *y tie n:ext fiour votiewl~s. whichi al-u mnteuted the me- 

PtudlictI an errut-mion vent puip:~ (dr-4nrillntl in S-ectio.n u-l:,itie:l -.ujlitshhht al' a somterinni aw an crat-ion reeiqtmot 

1113.11. to ninagnr~t~ioricttiin, owwrilliiist, in :sir-fner title litirr or liniang in a prisam la Isti1wes. 

water at 8.000 evelt-. lat erer. Thei uqi'%?rl'tlfeorrrl':t io:n 

lwtwoorenther i-Wancr Ito me aii:iint mrstionanil ha n- 

sacoeifif lthe Painfmpoe via, high. 1l1r:ern weiutil to lk NIi 

us. Caie .50 Erosion Tetn u 

ruirvy-iatirnt lw-taveen flp e n-,.anc te cs url~iiltm:io en- 

Pirtn and rfeeguo mmtlid1 lIs ' h~ot immwulrr ~a.-em n:, ii.- 

'Ilie ii.elmiw ..50 emoiewa~i-t(ing venom a SMx-at 

I~t - iw-rtdty uvtp gm fr-a4nixI t iitn- fl Frnnkfin Tnmoti. 

tewr,::incih ilk .-uI .phltt fe,,f*. Fuarthler djI-ect.-i,:tie oif htitl fir an nselrhratev m)-rnioon f ht.as been dr.- 

Ife~ tent. ii, gia-m i~i 'werices 11.331. ets-rilw-,h i.: Sedin l1-11. 

Onte elf its. nmtit iaatpswtnnf now. mmA to dertemoine 

ULU attelle I sbormtorwk Glen, lhw výo mmtnrf avnolro and 

selo. .ý lt-err~elriY onertlr~ miitons A'prenal 

Dici~ng: Ifir vi-:.,. 1941 toIi 194:1. lte 11iI:1104 Me?..~I- ft 'rmt otheI:r.ninw't-j e o'..ehI: lopefieiit ip,crtionfl i 

5..-,?::~~~~~~~~~~~~ twrn I i- 1 1 t~:~~; -- s~trt Atltiitl:i? (S-in.) lirre"- liner ut li te toriin of rifling. 

toown .tr,-cnal . mitinlrt~mik a nmevsyof liteipi, -,famt-:' of Slocca-it :iwitcinrk:, termt ersedi :,:::ll~ y6' atflo- liner. 

metalsr aind. 5 lY at:o, lomlett'a.- , i r,.'.h..t;il tlt h:itt ,i~rmtltina~pse ic 

u fiplmwt4e ton tuttletlwr 6nr 

[is, litse :;ililar:htlm it.pl in c'all% te,14-t flipi mtuttiri:l fit-e %acre It-,tn.l 'a uk u'otvrmilorior..'.-l j:sj''eti1C%. Iii 

lst I-e Iti-.ic. it: lite fortm 4f :1 (-.%litttlric:1l hitt).. I it:. imt't::-f . :5 :tetllsetraplhie- a i:t wits:. t ion o~f the bre 

thsickncr.-. f 01.27 it:.. aa a. ini, lt'titlw it iii tlie - liner or uirn-l ifter fihinoc 

CONFlDENT lil.

711 fier5itmt-ft*.t " aisis ii. tofs~ h~ti m the mimmtrifflty owls hunt-sim.es, timo sflt uualwa~y of a Was 

timaterialls, lims'441., ill Rvmlinl W1.A. mlien. refsn.sMsim.0 tenrd iian a Diner in any, all" t not evaluaated. 

AFT'i~s I tie nvf liscr rimle:;trm for delsailos aidusumout e 4f Tit Inut thpw, ilil~i'tkismos a fw i~trilxig leti ?was, 

the Insmitu:aau1.nmmt..ss, 4 If thle iwa~teridsl, tpatI nosevmua. In 11w- firist nissit.4 a Altosn riflled liner of 

IiiW15,NII'il~ltusl lm isi KrtssrmmIarl whim hardnedm 

kv a i"Nuf anmisitmt of allestm WA widseqssiblt auss 1w 

fill. nmategrial Its lie ttlgil omiPt'I no a1 lasurfrl MWd wass 

fk"m im~mile th Wtyg~ paisi-1ms VeOAVlw.p~ eiikumit@ 

mmltmiet.r IMn4itallieal 'morktii). tlmntaltmn. ants ims c A-11 iasile- A& mlisjf Imw 4`614" 3W i'. g, tl'iaigg time 

nlitum4supmu Aflstis gave Imauniwg of laming .mifttllistly 1mwrdre uwl~ ii npiil ei'mm...n rajte wao 4111tj41441 b1Y tamming 

moo'"Iq mW ant~lt 14, withistan~i htltvisrkmaity rwnm~ii at Lan.v p'swler elm*.armc. Ieie~slts smi tfeil- irt trials, pve 

l*4mmg. 71wi ralilms' .50m~ en" tiAstfing Xtin was- 1msrttm-t e.xetlimt m..mftit wlmi-hes~ltmid lie C55irrelalrd With eIV. 

146IFlad seftal in fl-tims.acehlimpient osf mimmlysiasanii sin. ~ia malil xr .50 machrine guin. 

linstrs'. 16asimlo which gave, usiailar primmisis. isa thle Rince &jing Itemmm with this, armitgemsent we~m alow. 

Awmeumletf stutimigi. weret psrn' Arhmimnimm, efertnmpilatri 

ansd sitmimic sA~rsmnitimr %itlh a chslmnmimmn lamter wuirfasre 

ansi an um~mnsfnms it( eit her laitte i~ulta t s a 

a new ratller Sb M wmis .4siv a. Sm. allamsigeas 

IKmmisaita (sim A. woo. dmisemiotq. 'll16s fim~l at a Much 

nkom rr',siJ nate itusmmlmel rul s'am nolikv israiLdlic ie sa- 

Atciseli. 

t-g.cmAlloy (MSeslis 20.21. clant galmye A.)A Al' masimsf which were fircd through 

Zmmnel. andI lsisi-niuiekd allovilm .4msas! jImmor a ti4n. 1sni, Tiflee.I 1mw-el int( the mmatermial sunder temi. 

mlosilma re-Wa54n5*e. fle, hssse P'rf~re t' minelt lm o..f Stl-D The IYmaiw wit, inommuamilte in a 37-csimm bireeh mecia. 

lite Nil. 21 andI Atetlitle Noa. 22 imeltemi when tsnlvtgts.. niso.mmt. arnixamiai fomr cililler.50)cartridge cnioes hand- 

IUWa PsWsly W20m Useld. Nsit 341101%01 exst'tlIVI VOW 1116.4 lsssiWiti. 4W sisam'4e4sAm&e psmowser (13% nitruglyceran" 

4t5iU~f~t I iiE and l"41114 llenic"attam'k ., ithsnjgre- iaw). Pyrmss. -m3, ump msitswisA ws L a piesurlsectrim 

Insist powder. [hisre smililtt amid coustit-tmmngpsie alloy". gzasse threAsld into the chamiber. 

appliesd aSolertrmhLatsti Ismelttd with stums1WxmlmeIs~e JAIw. Ermusmn (ban A wIua us~ed to trot tile relative per. 

slier and.in sosancls~est. the latter were nomt sumic~ientky furnaance of variolus. Plertroplated colitingi particuadlslhevcm. 

althisaglA Imdk ousweisst4 tristuise ail urnder- 66ry rirm-minisa plate,. of vasriosmm types and thicksuft, 

ander ishuWi~mthmn fskrtumlate. Css&mgmn plate armm (Ser tons MAL23 waou &W ai uiAL to test a 

tneltest;airkeltinuotwemillrt;aes. Parvsm- liner hsumlre ninmn a mua als pme swapsi ;ebak 

hibrite vismatisiv were not muoismn rpoistant; sluplex (Scliptmmi 111.4.7). 

.itatess ufs nickelti sm 5t5jer cor boith unmder schagiwmm , 

ands~i pyr-vie tss mtips 4m( 111mimsiyxernAnm Im Stellite ~ clbr.0MtmgcGm Iiem 

Not. 21 or ruin -fret were muicvh.1 . iI lv-11 umnsatisfactomry A aie 3 athn mVtr 

lisesnase 4' paws asllerece sor teverr flefsrmratismn. or Bandsll 

The firmst te"Ist. stf tmvs~smihme srm,.isn res61mtint msteri. 

Atot Cliler Iifld 30 iniss 

~ Hil~d Shot Clibe .30 itieis 

l1icramarse m the dshort shsnstioma of sumntust hs'tarrvn 

in ani amctmtal gun minnser the enmsliun prognani of 

livistisn 1, NDRlC were inutte by inmiertuing short 

linens (memnparsnssmsth laium andi other.. rifled)) of the 

lunwtilr gives anits tile lisps- ,mirface the h~igh sivenill 

Diasrel tethmume issnog, Dsinif hsmitmtp. (Seetionn 

qxvnlt materiai.s in tile lececim endl of a caliber .30 

machs~ine Itsmn whlich wall. then firedt with ralibler .30 

5i.4.21 andl the high rate 44t fire wiith tive resumltasnt 

Fmevere niepleoira'l sfeflc,s so( pnsjccile immipast moli time 

builletis unsi slusmle-ImLs Dssmmder. The bssrrels were 

hlsire-pnmses( slirisic time fitinri tet-t "nil flter 'subjecteld 

little pisslare. INhe re,-mmltA oin ermisim vent-pimig te~sts, tim mmet~ailsgraphis ei..mmihinst-isn. A~ WK11-4ash0o Aeiste 

tFxs-tiimn 1.1:1. haivs -mith . a ery lisniteil app1lit-ilmilit ' piare nickel (Seetissi M.1.9t~) ansd AMre linera with slitin 

tile '-hi-6imim 1sins mai~terials, tom imlpmrove tlie( IVYfsmnii. Nu.-A4 s-imrmsiuam (Ssti'mn 161.4 .2) ansI at ith diffimnesi 

a5415 54 -iniste-r MU li,:ieiiiims p~min lsrris asis ont her tantthsminm aSrtismn Ifs. 44tImirt min rfser-.s were tei.ted.1" 

:mm.tmm~silmsit .. s1:mli at ill. N1111.6li Sisisi. t I. lie i-t 1411K is. All exmeli 1theLi Phowt ,sme l iou tsm'r iciatiie ftm 

not rif-sif aim, mis wmi.pi-,tile is mm-cs 

1 tile isillm-i-e orf snosimmin t Dimm Ipmii st(Ar1ile mtarl sillminp mnWk, amtditiosmn. 

aziries it,mlio-A aw :im~mills~~~- ealir :,t 

ikrhsob mis Tmms i iiih-asls~fv ,.s'ls(ila-mimmiie Xc Ii andi X11 

Iti~t sr a,4 -or .Ist L, t II.turl,, 4 5 NI:,.,* \ - 

vaslve steels) Ilzt hautv lit-ter cimaissi-i ireistanse 

;lulwt s'hot isie, o mi sa--fr 'rasts 

tn I t11s tiasilm Ill-WInte5*, m3 1916; i "..l 1,,'s pf'gere.l' r.W inr t ida Ias rafmlse m.3r0t asirriaQ :inssmine gimim barrels,, 

it..- ,,t- 3,*-pss 0s.1s.I-iss I..... mr. 'aSs sum IS. 1. ai. dsiasriD me' Iiin SeeS tis,, l 4. 

CON FIDI-:NTIAL 

JIM

".&I 5 l's- r~r'atie~ l~~~' impnsvtmirt" 

to. appiol lIf#a iarw =Aisorptrftf oml ur 

Ill til 8.'in. Nasval ri. !evoetim Is . fnimlaasviatail 

T6u lotes .4 waasstirimpls. an. 6wis Li'sivi Lan. ax iv al. i to, Opt- q s iiin i Kit" Sinoltattler amfar o al A od i 

Popo M1 sosashinst join hurn-6 Ism, n as. rro+,v f~ar" Fow l risi~st u"sonwlirtirox: oppilpo wopsst in '*&'I~~~ 

ovlsslir s'm' onon' i'nttlto flit ,4tsar lvn4 iirtm-o'I Iinroors Ailt. ve'i'iot v i'itiiliiiisia. Isiglo', ryt-'rw raite' oft firs'. Stiorlit 

foatin lto Its- a vs'r' it,4'f4.s0 ov'taq. nI ratw i el~t idtlinit itioot ..atn d11.s IM* amjiji-il lot :New1 guim per- 

,mw'rthiso" oif ohtieetlnsinog file nalight . off a *ittao-ria'l isa is, ldarta' if like' ~iitifirrini oliffs.'resvyi 1rrit ', tyju' 

t'itiso.*tal tife 'ousiiasW'IN1 .'ffs'rl oif high t'o-1m1 ""It-ato . 4a goasos tire' -Issoissol ansi 1:36"u 64s il, o'.aiouo~s'usfriliga. 

atlaork Ivs' p Iso'rpt'so. anow i--i uans'al strnswA- at Exonu in-odoobopsrittlroi 

-l -prifosit 

th milaillowfs 6 soplpln thus bjmgilowl %66i OHL. pssitiwo'msw uusaa'hini sw a lawtiamna4. If o that fila ha%4 

A IBMilmoasI off IilmTiw't' tt ii-tn~ (list fill- ts',?in isit nio- 

Wa'riab wax. ekis'gosl ast file Gvsosisilsv-wl Lalinihsrtforn.r 

'valittaiitioi pit Otiss n-uis nwritos oaf vaarintto liner tosato'rtialo 

m'i~ltlloor lor5 so' ilsaiisoi if failusse twt'ttn'sI4 It S 

Twat misvai~r SI heavy ninsa io-Im join locsrrdIx fopey' ole'tarittrsifion opt I1w' -4.'4 loin'g4 itif sisish the &iast 

tsiiiiifit's l~os aketowins Ipnm4' its mwoo wr'otisssso. a lin'o'%l (sir ts'-t hisl is-sosi ifl,,.trii. A osat.69ip y te'4 fi duti 

sro'rlison no'ontaitnimgtiw'ix Iiow' s- II titmlitiszzle'ston littoi' isoteiti As sisali ostisaineil stivithe lint's'failooll 

josiwiim% ts'twt'ithm a tisr~lt'-'il jitont ano ois'i's'lt'ilss in IsWitrs lite lrism' for %IK-0 thle liner s-aw lwr'i Ml usss 

Arotliuoi 11.2.. lse' -Alilsivs .511 lrotviownjist nuom'hssi.osoot" puit- s~~awiol' 'liar 1`4110A Osf thine rs' tie IMM. 

Alm woa-roloorlshsita tsforsomi- thous.pn saissii hi-isSmal ro'asl. n'4, andsifos an c' lefnfe'j-tn* o fniin lae as the 

ilY anti s'lw'niss' in at osiamiih'. qv'n- ii m-'assts'suriv fiintg ýo'ts'sI hmir toiseasl oif tlw lint'-r in time cov-rull p'rftssirings' 

minds's- the o'oasstrii off I11w iots'i'6tiatoir. 'Ilse utwe Of tomisltins' join loaar-t'i air 164.s',itssi in Chap." 

Imneav' (29-11%. 44-in.) loisrn'i foa,. s'vo'hco-ts its,ts'ol sf( teri 24. 'Ilivi fih'di 0 I CM1. firing 'smimsfathe which h3A 

theo lighters t 113-l. 36'-in.) airs-at lt inrn'I ir latrial.. so( locits fiiim i xssitsl i-i omslms w Ilse-t et-am liallasinf niaterialt 

litner Wnooarmoss m h u, sruossa f tb im, Iavy Iissn4 isadls at .uA sial i-salual a id thei, per~orumebsmpr datiaitsk 

lit- lossevs I irml of thist loirti't. AD &'o'tifM 2 I LU 

Later the Ci'ne Csniptamyfmi'('tnd Ithat the ilcoign it 

kaiwi u~ties'siss'il fist tlse vielte'~o lin's- fist i'lihit''.541 tir-. U Ll Measpers'tnentsof d floer!UAI 1111114 

es-ft nsa-tasint loin hsswisior I('havIvisr 221 wax~ xvstafims'.MrhaialPopri 

ttwio A fc' '.ing uthe s's-uitaterias. 'livi l~ars' nunit~lle- to('~aia mpefiring 

n'a'oultocniutimiiiino t tile(.'opm--s Lumoalosrnisn In onmrtip's- iis'stimlte salsortlmer there 6stillypoftssia . 

anwi at C'tatne Coortipmnn ims o'nlilstr .54) totaimdiiiistirpm ity for piotiltlaity fthnt a given clwam rlily t'Ws-satan 

ispss''-. with fir inei (or with it l ot4I lafis f'o sr % it s o stoni. sasaterial tsiziislt 'foam thle therinal maffr mrnrhan'ca'a 

hsolsatiianis tIst'-Moi tIm's give~n in Itlss N DHtc n'locorno. " rs'sjritien'st's off a Its~rv ..sarfavo ia a optiori4Sc urapoas. 

ansi ltilere". mltx art' n-s'stril'l in thi*i r'ftssrt sotis' Wts'lvo si r whe'the'r the prvps'oiie. o44,sst' a maiteria nsigiat he 

intilioishital sitati-rial,. te-ts'l later. ilIi this' s-hajier tanil aItortr-t'dh livtin-talsoirgio'ni tn'sotitntrfl (fari~ nstant-c. 1We 

in Cluipto'" 17 it) 21. itas-hsaivr. allos-ing. rif-s-hasnt".ut watking, tow loor natmrentrnvi to 

Fiven' Vin, for -.t is'aot s'si'm- Awlso sof pens, in is, vaianbli it its tiic1'Wmit strint' n If i~te, 'ts whie's it miar 

xiliom exotent a -4-virult-' jimMilla-tils wt rc'-lwi-t to r's'stti-ile 

rharnofrtesit-x~ oil ittin' Imporp44fave if vm~-t's-isi isi 

las' desfhirient, a Lsswuleolge otf s'esta'U thernal pr-opers- 

tis-. andi of the amess)nsaipnpea-trof the mats'-mii 

to, Ise' imainiinsizsini antiId t -its iati-st rs'sithsaatirv's Whaist at roaitin tess a'ist o t's'vo zsas at detejatrol teipoestraltir'ois 

siosqhoi lop' a gi's'a aiisjss'. it-s'it tam a vai':lssr ..5) nita. 

c'Iitm' goists lxirn 

iissatle sr-r a stssi ndis tsall~v netr'asry. I'dnfiastsit- 

4 tauight Iii'fltas iajsti-isS1'tstsait sir wiha r l ft'~.lit-' I%:rt i% luhitim h''stofisd~'ssas in a 

- 55-t'ain in 50:m-rf'~ y tiswv lslt' in olsWes-ntining tot-hivious 

To 41's't'u.l~oi '4 l~i,'or u-11imoIii.-*.iI- 

nt nuts* ,. at1si 1s-t-Psrsssltaisq 4i thW Mtaterial in a gstn 64os ohtiostuncl 

o1'.1w Ituoi I..,Mr- ,swor~k I f'ii (;-.'J - A.d' I A.s'r:sa,, 

io'iai-siil i,~,t'ss.~-its5,.fist ~'at,.i .........is 

I'i Ows sitis's s-Is v sfa(titisr. ilss"e~fsr. vshsaislov' pre'- 

asss.rs itsnssstj i it e wt~ itoperl frm ta.t* sqf 

.,f, 's tlw 5o,sI'i sig iris. .- 1'i rs55 l its-V tstil sisistist tl at-'s'-rfi ii r I an lrn orswel(~~ 

CO)NF IDE NTIAIL 

dh db b db i

TH."3 'ART"4Ai vIsa X% %LL 416TING 'n 

.nvmmT~ftft~%lx 

We'n- t1.41114111114- n"'-t~jaat to. 'Italtse-ivz :stt.. k inv linea 'sAjlsqvl. liartIV til a ra's'eab gat Ih liti-i .waa'lt etefiukI 4ex~'lpjil- 

t %1' .Llsw itt it. I lie. on .Iar. tian va~ aat1Ms41n'- I)Iataac~lssa 'etlfa441 PIM Wat rl la'i naait~i'l in in.aaalaegsUatc 

1"Ilf a111'a 11" l insesi'init lrola~ elf 1114-4- 111,114'r.iale w%'jir ýI az tej asnowulaa' lassivisa~t iii taaat unr arliert ,tuar listing 

masal ly reicraertase It. s lio, asq NI)II. T'wsae with itiniaraha tivalifail ipuh-ale 4 liarsaNyf 

-06lostirioosm WNp is ld I A lktIaa Git w the iatnaa ex~panviem elf aatca4* anuttritafk 

V sshew Isa-cc,~riflr m:,ta'nl,, nor. @lqsaarcL aq aim-nity avaiLthle. Wem tos a asmldw id sikii 

mle' well' Aats~naii at Crane Ccsnpaanyv ~otar 

Mvvv.i8Us4TT 

Wllev hat' *r most a liarl' inkar lute'i mruarae' inaatanzi 

nw+A4L keo ugiteaa% poiast £W c1Ae.LUVlaa£ r~na' doIilwnaia 

i'aloinK oidiiatealo'trp. Ma'aalerom.tisnt were inuaile 'nn 

clsrionsiaem-laipoec alieayi (Visajatet 14-1 at the Univermeator 

oif Mii'iphivpnur wCitzMayatnai 'aspn. 

'in tiwlie IlI istiliat 11holi* the jtnsiie'aar ffriuft I "sa* 

litiviv V.4aiieani 5.2). the- rite alf hea-t vo~aindiuiemu away Taaau M~cvu fi 

finetn theWK' IN..cMrfilts',.1e itdte' '10eeifle' lm-eat Ialthe 1114%Pfw isum n*gawtl ear allnotial may exiaa ints~ lem o 

laaare-eAlrf'ae-e' 6araaarial. *ft.e n4lloi iaaw atherlw~ fac-t~oime twn'iffi-ra'n os 

em-riealtiaac f(amus. Koch oucmh flcam) 6m 

hA~e -%ln'aak l`VG-n eli"41-aa1c,- in 84"ritin 54.44. 11w %e~laia' esttly oaver a ve'vtaitt ranav of It-tullgttutta'a (and 

tawlitn 111 j~iaa% alf ail IN.a puresi' eu aaa' n ai d~ he fioiw fa-uia 151.atagl9Sl gooda wtot' lilt- inver'fliatli tt'tix-rlhatur' (cn, 

r.tfiftes to( iasssl elf lhce'l. zaI vvs 'rc kutpisi a* werel thevir in4i~egf'iI fltitEW' use itnAGl4 wii t iarala t an abarapt paslly. 

theriaial (11111a1islcivitaL :last1 a-rxifle Igo-st'.. alai aesaly asliarplitr vilaaiiv aa'wItasianaiiesi lay is i'aaiae chungt'. 

a few adiatiamull tiaaaaaatit e 1 m fC'n'errosu . Ane- tliflstralm aissa- dianor offlrto -evinsiovois maoasolnce 

Tm.Ua 

TststeiaALilo IdXpAea'tot 

mawl its adldition lte r1welative entiasom rrotie-Iaawc of the 

aP-010. erveru oi .vioenfiura rfamnn,'t aa 16~van istatr'rial many he 

I~tas lte rates' eat a violating ian mMct aisari 

Tsint 5*Jee w %Lfinite, 'i aat .weq in.-crticsn tit a v'aalnoun'-iaeangrae alp drinag the zalipanaonim transfear 

linge of a se1u-a-ml n1WtcIV - ltshear tislffe nnu-ifi'titc ang niosatievaoa int w eas- tiler! norhaeacwa is 91w. 4maisfii #A mcesi 

aefrrtrsaiaiate 41t- lathler laitt' e'saataaa 4le-irteit6 in port asm invenionseinmf thcla, rvtiugt mate mil wasy rattes eme4nsg. 

tlesa tativi' L(tlt'lts ut tti''ail V~aiaaan-icM lf Kailn poeti ateliaeptiol. ansd ralida ifetenaritruica eto the Ilore 

AMr unit lten yiraluieai-u ceqw-i~alinanttriai a% We'll fee tsa fi e vtrfac-t. 1iacranac tmunetsfiln inticn in Vian a'tt4MI have 

tlls4lItiiL alf elIaseticity tanel 411111 aze-T taiia Isripixe-' aalaei'nly liven iliaec-aaecscil in% %W'tilm 13-2A3 I'lle in-crlittle. 

Ftortm~csttpie'. usaiear ins'-rtieasa diffie'sitie' maaint I*t sajean teeaajx-rntatrc et4 rlthie and llt'X mlapan ixrhtit and 

Pu~nncaaaaatcst in flig, ýa~u jlc rwt n-jale-rtiasta Go a asseaklai. va'aisalt .calieicioaalonatienx were eltemninec) amid amt diela. 

denie'sn Iific'a' ;s Ii.-aa.es inl .4-t-tia'ea 21i..5.2. lli-q-atass cm-A-daae ian .'4eetioasa i'9.3.2. ~la'aittl'la"werel matte 

Itile issrffiuiena lt it( th'rtilal ex!lX1ta,. can elf aesia.0olennii testaia eainutalsa tiitetia~ls. lt'istg a rr'emon hug alil~ia'l)t-m r. in 

6 cat' nl liastt atotir-laif that~ elf winat etael-i. K Aeieesak-in lanter las ie'terct inva'raaitaaat anti il~larr phuae'e tran.efer. 

titler ities lionIaagir in cW-t.av 4-4atill pr-a.ielit ular, time gan" nauatitasts tihat mlay- cm-tar its lthe heatinK andm renteing 

titie 1)lerlttc, lilsunt a nal voetit.'4'i calithe ltatli taaeachtiate a-v-ia' mas %veil asoI te nw-mar ra tile tliternt.l vxapanitiefn. 

sloei' Al et 4 istict tsiIKl'at it tueki,' a lisah ipnaiiasi 

tiian 43f the~r-om 

Ti'le "effivie-rnIst 4 lterataa.I -Mpaacts'isict" 

Ccta'INe-ne.VA0. 

a ttaumate-rial (t~xs XltttastnO 

NSC'LN 

xg~ 

reir seas. (lier whitela cr as iwart elfttilt Iscitro -n uartraelsf a on jiKIAT-'tLTNKITIIKX? 

Winaa I ache 4116iii aci ie lbow Lea thlaat att tile t'iev1te'i teat)- iarttnattsett a'i6an16" in the knaritaniorni Imix-itwies eof 

li'r~alti ntavrs r-itdurstita l filsing f ite ntstatin pa~lrljec-. a oiaca ýn' trfuae tallte-rial mayaa n-a-lt a i .1 t'"A~imK r olf 

tile elsite- lisltIs 111,- a'slwtgrlue'ts t %%l it ve till'ingtis anid f;..1 

toa alt)asia asla'slltaute l11.ittlear loo'rtssrinatiaee wise as6. 

'etci a mtaaterizal lat tile lawrnlaa c'yart in a join lxare 

elatritag firaing. llrt ~raiumnianstans c'at ntlalute (Sin-alinsa 

f utacinvo %kit i ) llviesls :ilii ws .50t uainrsa't laivit-lie lKitt 201.2.2). iear exLatinhle'. lea,' it Viakerce htznile~sic tttlinix- 

Inrvs 4aI :1 ssie" ,eti buarre'l msateit all iat uhie-it 

sicnttals--Is!iar'as ~tths.N4a. 21 misel tiae''a itt- 

- .- - -. 

f %ill 1 e aa iucaa l-ef $K :.sks :%tills uta n sinata attlilino 

at iia-v~atail ts.,aalwrstsrre- tL ahue-~tlsl-j grs ulssslY 

alrsqa-s Is asasartaim I 1--s VII N. A e-esadar eta-tr-na'' Iin file 

tee:F~ dat'a -. a alec ('1.0i anessac- el'ei t. sc' 'et laeaatltle~set csf s'liaasetataaa pl~ate sc-e-ataae tan plat i'l IV1tat' 5K 

i set -o. at 6-c C . 's s.e 1 g ..... t '-,seweieseteaivitr a 

e-l-aeeee'..ec'aley- -r '~.t ~e. l3. aset7.31,a : Ir.s ll s~al sivaae:iigt sithisagi thv filsiti. Ina set-11ilr teaiu 

teec~ty. cat iair auleayet (s-vct. Sts-isai 11.35 a )l'feralt'tanv chaznge 

CON F-i DEN'rIAL 

6 A

%10 VX, lCh 01P FR41-st0 A4KTNT WTVRfI#- rol crq "3AU& 

in lwrtlorswof (aenihacttaleeaf. poor alis-4;nenitc)nisigtt c 

aaerio' i!uvinK finvtig. no. A#41 is. the viorarcte Itznfrisning 

ew~rkhnletwinitl %lajel sssai codenr a..n a reseslt .4l tlee 

onerhan",, ra..rkisg @4 the lam. aanrfaiv low the jarn.ý'.' 

1e Tiw' K. 111taa gof i( n~f.el Iiat ew 

A.ir.'sith. Yield ".tn'nill. Ismikinlg .atrn'nh. Aplssgest- 

tiisin. n".lctifin .4( ara. anti oni,.eaIlsle o(. elwieiiity aire 

situnuturanv' its Mi.eglos"r 17 too 21. uslwrr ,.pecrifir e'rwalike. 

[a alflot mtopsoeil. Itlsaup% sin IA~nlaeaýa 0e1celsthc' Pilots r"Wi'. .1 Ilatae'rialo Or fliriswcaa't. 

mwhanrifiral fwPsrovtisie main wrrmtls tof mettals. #or at- 

Tiv%4".irwv-Nrr" 

Dut-nITY AN NIM-1114Wholn it ill fired. a gune tul.. ist oabeijectrit toe rpitdly 

Tseu~ ~sm,~xm. 

lhen,.en,.alsMossiso 

..rewwsoe (Smet.ee 7.1 ). luoadi (now isitsIeiets large 

Of ILier~m hatue- in prrossiemaf ni ala.'. (noia rsi caj'ile impact 

11w' Wtuhvaitre o~ri o rr'eae m 'aila~gl Iewtali, acidl aflipyoson . the lesere mierfae'e. 1"laee'4nne it it, tl'i~~irn ISOlthaiWs 

no lorn-..eirfarr tnaslenaln. lsssrtica.l~arl a' I- al', 1lissl1a ooooene e,.Iin,,:le .4f whetheer an ertsuain rereiotant !incl' 

aso rrintjv..l thick oriawietien .4 newetal in thle fetrns eeC ,esate'rial inmight heave' xe~4olfrest tsceeghtwmsse to p,..% nt 

guin linen. its ali'penelent salmase the artn'isgh .4 tlaew c~racking. franierit,r antid eiaeitegratilin tisener thev. 

niatlo'Ula.Ca-prti~ally at elmvstell temn~ticl.-nn-. l',,Lw e'eaeilitimst. Fear thisi, peuupwnso oartaeparil Chusrpy tratow 

an s'ia..n re.,alant Ma~teriasl is ,.4ificl.'nll , v~aa teap wl Aith either ke'vlittle poor neasihrit were moasle sons sesame 

zoritio the high psa.e~rmis"noW4 a a e s a. tie laiglats-.aru- 11 4 

a~tesist'seal molt the n'esnlti ame vurnmmesrszesl msmler the 

lten" withoaut a large p~lmanfent eltriunpne4, ew lirittk- ofoaeoife' malnts.Vlii in )tatw.' rihaoisti .( Prat Vn. This 

failure, anti aotrnsg entitih at eheaats'sl triesewrt"~e. Wr es t 'itc effe'st is, intespswiant in 4letermininX theMe tiT~.r atS 

14, t'n"A. the onerehacna fGarri- et( engrawvisg id the' 

prttiertile owit hiunt pernstanen( lispplarnsaent oil mac'al 

maiterial anti tlie nature' d ita. failtire. For meatmple', 

eaihilwr .50 mchz.line join linen. .4 Slellite No. 4, wshich 

lay flow~age (-%nssitg r~eett. it sith twill lIe a ,.atia.ituw (u~nlike Stellite No.. 21) Ita.. a boax itarpy valuae. gave 

toory luirt-nurfacie miaterial. If the ,leee'tility go( the ms'inehet pprferinutnra whiling initiil, severe' bsrestse of 

maoterialI i5 . Ism it will Ive tililable tea Swi1h63tanl thee fire Issit later, preinisssahlfi hota I"Poe . ' sMpffakiB4. 

vowroors' that terae'r storing tile pn'moirare andi tenstseras. (laeat-wheekinpgl belis'sirme rraci enasag;h is t provide 

t 

WM "ftevr in file htaut, and oL'ea e'ssgvaving sAtn'.ewse. betlea"lristle fasilure ewert-asml bay cracking aindS 

loitlueset brittle failure. lay neerfac rsa rmkin,& andtin pitoapison id erns'All cosises .tely thnesegh the liner 

cracking in ("Isl ll.,th thie aIrrnsetl, anel nitsahulna .4( waitil. 

eAenti.ity it( the material as' v'sanlinaml with win a-trele. %flore attentivon nntoot Ise pauitl to te ehrynsensie ph)-*as 

well aP thle nelative' .'.effie-inatn .4( elviriapsonim. el'teir- itioh plansesrtiei 4W lsoerrel Pirelli at s'levsttcel tempepra- 

,saine. en part. tlse sselhe,4e .4 toas'lee'tripsate 

n 

tic eeliTt lure.. Liam %'ll Lall tip theore pripaserlie. 44 sqx'ial b.:n'- 

Impsle matineg in a ..tec lona~ro fis l e' eawe eow lifmrtahty sreerfae'e masteriaels. in eerier tea utilize notcre fully the 

u( inaacrtitin ca4 a liner in a Pate gun tiabe. tothzentocme. lutinewl lay the itsor. sad' otic'l an esmition re- 

Attesetiami dseaeshd lie e h'l lie,' re the ltl'isslloortasncr ,aiatutst lamm-,stirfeee nmateriasl in thee fGann of a breech 

eaf higle-tcperartstire " ,.tnliitlIt inl the' Kine laarrs-Ililsate'prat 

GAe well an. in thee ersasIen rrisetuait lore-ssnisrfaere 

liner ls' a Wtrihlt litire. Firing teatis. dce..eriel in See- 

tiein 24.5. haive shomnn that regular baerrel saterlis domaterial. 

Fear osw wiiih leveyr. fring wa-hrlelcl~ at orc. terittas-te lw'esce an eirsa~e.h i'saistant liner or e.ipating 

edinerr - tel-mitie'se fm sprIa~ers-claaitv 

lw .1. nshiitieana. tia'alie o a. 125evo si -erer %tenor iet eother railure.~ 

lisaac high-tsettere'tliirs -vrength4is elf s'assietionnul gr~im l'rlininairy invesitigritioinss we're maede at the ('nine 

.1es'ie limit tile'I efitinutne's that , mrI Isih l e 11alatinell ('a eenpsajiy (wth thle as lxtaralt ic shaean in Ftgure 2) af 5 

Ic ,y tile it4 an emsio-e an n'isftant liner orirs Noe saatiiig. thi'le~ pilitrt is" s(f Arsel-a similer high-isebh sity inipaist 

No slitwh line-r isa lAme' ti.l ing rc'inivioe lbe-at froi 'sethas ,assae1l if illasi, rt.11icaisr~ille Isa tilee sitaa. . pirtiliist ion e'sangiin 

leierii'. AAs elewrixIas in Sesltisn 24.5. e'eila'r .51) ,itiesna 

aii'.raft sinieavitie wil us htrrrl-s' maade' if ata"ail hol'cI- -- 

eiljat:;oIia eduring firing. fllae'M' te'sl' inslie':test 

A''n' ... ~a~e.i(r.sis o 4 je 

susst sigfl trkel~. %%iijih a!... m.ntain a I irsvhi litter It s -fh..t~i 1-0 isIa 3. i'... a f-,? a srma,e'iss ' 

Stellite Nis. 21 aend %a haeae tpiast ar'eiriiazi.litl dSan,",a'K i's 9-a.. si..'.. it islr,.air'- w~ilit.-lielY't t~e' nmopail~ 

111-:114 A he w ill. ri-llyimltovil erfmi. wfuw- .i.1 am tifshiv .1 its.. Sa-:ir ,a.4. alia4w.d the' -ire"ais's' 

-5'.-e, -.imiaii~r lisiest ands p1:1ctlatAbarrel., masis(s e s.y ,( . :..re fist1 rm-ioat~s a ar. ..aael f-air' fa a 

W 1) 4 150 ,.tee. n'taacisi-tv iasuai minaiiat"- ' tinsawa. 

CO N FV IDENTIA 

Sb

auSmK twem\ 

LOADINO Livto 

No"LEVE 

IF.~ 

CON 10 NTI % 

"OTMECTS

31± ?ý1ILb.TMSb% 41W WIAk4U&% ULit1itTV41 M~oThiUIS VIN Fit% I;b" ' 

Pc ee~ a~.e, ecciI. ecacea1.,M.1ILewm nn ~Irin~,41aflowc 

rc ouloefifN nonforiatl? in oo41W'? 011-aj 

rilge~l vaeum i~lt"4=.Aicac4. 6if 

(1.111-cicl. vc-.--4 c lctc111 an. 34111 '.ae .[m~ ~ ~~'c~a.er e 

"lIsmalieon.' r'ir fq~n gaien ,.c 4 4N- sawl fcew Wlo riaaIMea meair allci'~ 

n'.'.'.4nitil ina-ranlmnsc (eec liewe.- c.mihlce. tistlwriefec. lir A louen-ccefner mnasterial eJmoqiI'l leave Voldi Flowe. 

hIsee'elai filefl flee' eiitaeei cle4:Sc.I 1flelc ". for tlan Mplbcp tonre Ito ealleeaclm anti Rear sit h'iKial'illnIta 

Wityloe. miltiv lhcn eatuam 11w .'eeetmewit.rim-a( .4 tewh r n- unraic Zo lin-m.il~ninl! aemhinoer 'ceicllnary sof 

cweeirlm eu.imee ealm 43i tvltluak' lonsim'?iroeatI[ilch I~o -l1inflrot-vt. 

noes" fte'emfartultim. Wese'frn ~~I -,.A 1 n i rane Per hirtae~ue eer w4n 

Not lWW1I"olw at,( o raffinkmt i~tI 

maeeeer -44f maettl. Al~mos~evoivorli 

mt"n MI it ne1114 Iee. 'te Itc. h"ai~ cflemnlr Also ..1theecpwecprewwWi mimm6s-- u 

Ias 

vatnt I ciuit imo :enetwlit air pertimns~t fit joinie. log humoerfave enlfeintlc'. lie.' Arc4 1 en41"1nitse that 

Imarevl geelf-triueeAlT me c.1 .ejen4:114 agcixeaiae (,or eliti. er. iaplaaaamitio, at .ctinnaa'toiry forati of wheiali Imuu nut v 

4 

"nemaemaej~u ,earfa :W..,eevla' tesn.-I Its- nathmputhel v ,' I'I. ck-ri ,l4ISl. 

aejue'I. It a.' "m ottciae~nomia-d flial ,eema ,ltagimloet- lie' pamneaul. 

flcirnt 

lhm~uýlit-11%Vvm ~o~io~~vr 

r.-t.. 4-n himwr- 14 laereT eniq-tlailletaeena in file 

lIflipa~sqT.V~tv TrIs 7t.n'Xo 

A cy awul Posa nth"aL e1 . nk* ismning the me- 

arhniIwanivocl'n~ ~.FraiwanoWR* 

rneallir ill 1`1-14-1ieltgai Kitt , laimI 4(,~' A . tviim IK.fl.i I 

aiaea'allipe- ieeiuwotlanre .4 Iee-~ahnin an 

Ie''t tilee'. wit il IevYlreee.uticlr IW.'WImn.411 Il f tina tflll.' 

11wr cAiiea-e top~mimta.' uoeoee' in Sigamc 3 thne tensiale 

eteaam~r~e.4a i hen eat, i'ta al, I. 

timgheeenlathu maci oenjactw. 

ec lee rnc tice all a liner material in 

staff nmwtal miao moc4:aamt t..e lee-miee uttnark by poaw. 

efrw pol 3a4 Is awlim& eSSilir orl (MI.n.f'rovol Iwe 

ele4mnatiimo .4f the.' riffig nacad itoC, eeapliete 

l'titean leay -wigh'a ini, lnmm 44 eeelech luc11U.0. 844Me'.l4-iet 

20.2.3) cAee-we'l flut site me;nceca nA.tirmana or( .ons.. 

"SaanuaaaC114161 

nust Ilel- filni utiliaed leeN-1eacc flt.' VonstM 

eioloneI loreiie'tI fl1w t-firmceieieeis (.ilieh fly' defsreeavnn 

film :anti Ilie..lTE medr-ec tI...v luel lu Imet anlue,.'e loo 

nit reeling ee ai e 114-ie,-unl~ge~ 

le rate' 4 Slow. .4( 

hanlnsccee (anaal AIceeaglhm ..( iee cte'a1 beer. Iwneuhrdll ina 

4adeein lf4 0 

eeblitclan. * 00 

efllgen-f-6ta..nae vlrtrteoglnate'4i otee e thi~ lmn lucre' mcet.TO 

min play.' an implatuitt Inatohu in 14e'tenviiieieiectt state deN 

fcIdne,'., uniad li-oi v .4 ,..nh ;a lucre' pnreittwfita. 

Thge recc.61anrc .4 a meaterital tee cl-i.(euintiten lby door 

pricerlike 6 re-Itcel Icehel .tceln'.e gci et-Itrrngt h 

am 

bast I.nis spotr~e d nim ccl a-)- 11 ,. alcceie I~tio nalmoa fly highvckxrit 

v iniejaceul re-cciia n m..' c.'ee ecccil ml fiitn- liei'rw4l. 

inK cmule,-e'rI. cci. I if-Icelmrtc'- ciltne role ice.f c-eaterinlal 

nc-rr ned an niLnlcle. nil a tbemv ecceclmr cc( nne-:e-e.' 

a~ W"$w 

eccntec aamen eci~eol- :11 fi- He.-,i-nrcil Ld.nclce.etrv ec( thl:- 

ile' nc l qeracI '.cc-c NA I )1 r.)uvci. to 1-ceic a tcre 

C:ON F1DE NTtAL

tIme P4aSIu. 60f1' Itl- 4"111 e hiualIait-ruin,4Isea. Ity lalr.. aasawylulsaeaaaa'1 Ivem Irton*la~aa l aoill"r 1,1 In'aIfills tlw 

1i4.1141% 11M. ila'ialt. of .'Iua4 t atlvs., sIalIkjvrftiim- 111411 tit gllVla 'Al 21. 190 n-;. 

iayalraaapaliv Vlein-smo 4f tliflera'aat :siaaiaaaiats. atail cunaaa a~i~nvir as. IuIack Iss- 

Welil a.iiieas. 1 the' rnarkss lip 

oiw lby th ii'asi. aif 11W "zYglilimmagx 

tlshino at llfN'erent .'tjaffl ill fill tf."#. loinne j o 

fb*I ossws~t Al. o alos tiw Is IV&t rturk.'4 Gnttl ..1 % fAmuilet 

osn e llol. % emI orIliewr s ,,a u%1itto t hi~u ,soi.,,fkla'aI 

ooiit a fusava saaadi-r. awal Ow14n p~aaulslintwl snduer 

Thw asthaml 4taeinx wasa al*n,"ausia ?a kqol Isum's Irtuwt novaa slo-t ;Agll. ALagaauoui'. ,frlooiaia . av selvi * 

seer hA-k so( o~tn' ti 51h in inlividalS iaaros tml Mo~an, iassviiiiiiaa vie',.L thme alu'taroogisoi of flaws. ist matalps sanal aioyau 

in the loals INIar4 fair to-pt. A ri-l lain aer was. soaal+icated wal oso iiiiere, lei sf %ug wtw iau acrtually aural ini the 

too .iNliil4Y irwaesoirl hydantmlic poievelor'i loll lo a~a~a.sitt lner p igunf. 

fill- xguasa pnct"aaaor if the r uaa lssarn't. If the Hiar, 

jawasod~ this. tret lint faillra in the gulf. Puooch fuaillmt in 

fiavahar ainaaola. Thlis. limlimainasav uasoaaaahtlnaliys trAt 11w "tur-ithsiawlsluif ii t' finer oir gin Iaurrt-i m,~ateria 

flinst irmnslana floor wAasinaaluaas.. of thme linears, fin-,l wass vv'yi is san ionapaartlaat jisratad iaI aa1 i ta''. Beaitha ttingsatet anal 

hlocphai in tiwm ri ofal fro o'~g'.af thme alviaaaaa su f tsiaslylisa nla'uai Wale aonicii ihtvl fair doalo'v e rsnat an 

modslybah'aaaa haters. laa-fasro time faloriavatiao moiwthaimlet psawoihltit liner iasmaerials' forIat ' viormebity guins. One 

a'saiw i ta ('laptstar INI head usal.' it laumailuik. tat tIn. mauwso lose raja-tiasaa is( tiaaag'en its favoar of malyb.share' 

.atiasaksl waitasaIt Rawest. oh-uiaasa wait Ilw lark to'i.Euaachaisaaahlit y of the aarnaer. 

lwioone allays. amre a'aisaahmi'ra slifrfIat , tonasitriase he- 

Atntmomc rm Tv-r PlW.C4 Ot ('O'M~l* 

.~oas~u~ci:Ti 

vot l'~ia~r~a ua ('ovracni 

C1111411 loss 4;114' lines 010 "*kasaW tVWi.*' BY the Woe ad tOW 

Imoonirrulsat gtiiotc la.res. (ceda'ql d spralsa~l, ot CrasnorCau. 

To* kternsince the rchsatjie nolluaeaaa' 1 asf lalatisus tor piuysuu it was. vany *lisat psactirala tit hism andie rifle 

coaaatinags, feansaaavil in udifferent ways o ametle aor aotlaa' liners. is( Stellite No.. 21 astil even liners. of thme muach 

mananl a ..sisc1i! rinig lest" Wass aha'Vs'blaaa'l its wlaial 

a dog. nw frint a platreaInlilr was. st-vaimly alafamsruil 

etirean av-frnataryi )Slelige Nei. 6I. Simnilarly. at Climiax 

MAlialalooaaimaa ('otsisany.mii.atfactiory praactical mswt~b. 

hay cramrcias.."issgt lasaagitaasliadly at "%awiu taoaailuaastaar. avils. of Iooring asnd rifling liners. it( chruminm4laa 

allikvis. were ofha'elait-ol. Thex raaw wit It which niAsyb- 

RKNI11 AND~ hlb oC~ona'aetrs'ooti Tront, ak'nsasia wIr-yl In. a,:eflaiata wass imaprovead fly aatsalies." 

maskal- at WlesetjnKlusiawsa Itc-orirsa la Luruantories. 

In aaiiltiint ta it.'f siataijri ,, t via inot jaa' alem ovenix taus ltai- little doaitist thait. if net'ccOry, 

aerihorl fair determsininag time aillirener'aa aif isatmi tor ondintlsg inaatlaials. moualdaL- l ~ie s -.. WsfaIhy aleva'Iopct' for 

0 

ceaanliaga. siassilsar riaag-a'aiisipral-Msiamtn t. wan' asail hanialting isomniaseisinvalslc, oastals. ar alluoya. Such 

to ev-aluate Il-the ahaliitY sinali arvi'gtha aaf isritias.n aalelliaasvleaelfarafiag bore. of macimainiples.4tf 

asaalyloolavaiun fasiiricutela'lvaljffi-rent asiath- alasow air hati v lilict. Fast smuali riots , such "s cahihwer 

tools.. Mirting the adevelaipmsent of iapivsajrw l faliaica. .10, W.t. qir .10 (sat een 21) sist) grizadingmnetlsoaisurai 

till nisetisajla foratuosahlaaolenauisa &lswrilaa'al in Sactiass 

18.3. it wax. naa'a'uasary tas have a siaspler tesit Pis that 

the starengtha and duictility of the itattal coualif Imp 

uorasloulslv iaapaifls~ilsk' air at ha'as' imphrscacticl. 

ala'eurmina'ai ataaekhy amn a large numabeaar ai aadsa'n. M V %XATIE)N OF I.INLR AND COATING 

At sainaplliaeasal te.al04atn a anssasaifirel ta'asaiia anal gaialaal- %IATFRlALS 

iia'nafltest musiabslja 

fs'sting. 

was. aevla'vals esl (fait 1h6i riastiawo ujes., InertAlnetion 

thy mseansa sf thse taN? nachtlsaas just ale,aarnhed in 

FtLw Da-m cruov &4a4m 16.3. lh piarIs-iblitiics of vsariaias. metals. and 

alha.~fia aNoate 'siraE:. maa~teriihal have isain evaslsatea. 

fit :aililia ion ft, the aim' aif the Iavalaaistsautic Isalor trst. \is miltahataiae iA-as' faijatl tii paswe." a Ie perfection 

aing suithols t(iialmov dia l'rilw'a lii 06 is ,aajsa 4,is fas thale rosfainal in san ia i-al a'aa,-sa r'-.itsitno msaiterisal "t 

le'ta'et iin aof finasl. in a1 aisatal fir salasy.v sasan-al astlair leria'lin Saraioi n I 6i2. Sxeveral aasrt~als aor alloys. 

iiaa'ol sAs. %%tare aasa14 ;iayai h4ss H lii gr aphsil iaalgaa'at iaasa % t se foaassa whu-ic. is, adistitn sols is ) ling ae~i~stsnt to 

afr as,ajing. aif St alhita' %o. 21 wsi.ais o-4 loo al-tat bslow- clait-ala ult aak Ity v aist poviwler visas, alms met the 

holt-.., psiats.4ity, anal rt'frnactoary inoaisio~ins.. Criakoo in tha'onisal atiol iiaea-hiania-al raasi-'asat.af as lsi.s air- 

CON Fl lDNTIAL

311IMLA-`1111% IV E.~ton vt % RFr-Is1%W NTM%TVRtst % AVYIIICN ININIE11 

i*m fewi a Ipm-ifsr t ienilom 4-%.I t i.t firnssg tassali- Il~.se- sur~t~ lw.4 omsaw sof ~4.41to X'. 21 

;nr,'it~ isasa311-1 s:si 1IA~sksasC. Or-ttntuu st.. .) stsIf o .1coIiti. Nets. 21 total sssesldmlo-tinns (Ime-tis tonto$ 

snMI1111 11h44is 1-1 rn114a0 *,um mlitin-lssuiss in a llio IalsiasqI6-1 3041 lznliusifit 181mokiT VIwgsrnelitr sam11thu. 

u ev .s sulw*Immt J rsirwul. 11*4.m. iuLtat~asileo n floos, in teros~lui ls- :d-r _11m ri~tus n ,Jasssj it 

aIotWoraIm .4 rmuo-ll' Iiisn....urfa. tstsisI a -hssf et lal prs.4.~warmoio I aamer &si wuiriomatiops, ano w~ W~no 

analh %-4 4sf I In t- uISttt 5 w..ss1tr.s' t. 5tisglstialf :its flit tti 44 ank t t'6t V~tooi istit atioitaI 

ftilent sta lot fatiltin. 4i 4,11 njl ~ v srttlss %ill Im. A . loit s.* istill '5 milwitt-infto 1. h -al 

l $if liver tsitdjtpsn's. 

fiAnit lt-A ."ttlo.Jsssrl Isn''h-itsr -if Iios iv luts~nkiosnoa 1101s u.4.trotnalioti. Id tin- uiAOsM in bainsm go onir in 

tii * lakti 111.1int a c5 tliloo ..'A mtt * y'. ii,,saciri.4- Miss lmnr- Itnhunlst t moil Osnle-nsum inm loo41. it( llower glut.e t4miu. 

nj4 Pinsisas1 lotat. s.'.e,s tiu S id is-n- na. Isilk aspotur w thsat ft4.titii' etit pow.lrt Igao - .nI (thenAi anti 

Puirsir wiu .*ssos~rns (tfNuwl w : A omd uiornal Alari. s Jiawl attacrks it, alon, "d a me.uWitfitdrkist quatlt. 

Ills LttitL. at t im-tsrigcitt -( rillotano ttIfs' u. ii. it Illas- very ltinositii.tKgni~ssas* t-ad lute' 4s IM113,1 

la-vissuI %rsirs ilo4.snismI-ts. 3 t141 tettsIVR. %eili ils otoI .,sit iiiasal tostsil uoist-u~tol (.14w,4ions W.6J.21 its file elilse .50 

tlfIwIthN. uapa. :s m r~itgtasl I.-~ its lissils %-i4tuwiv atal rtssussiss-4ina voteg 4Kit ttioU~l 16lnt -eIii antlinatiumn if 

aeumimt. A usisnilar n-.slt IAJa. 410.Is1isuII illn rtsLir 

,.t..e lsnrn4,. fir thist ;Ilkm- Mosn. -Alisiw ttdtslanlen.iv 

tlmoulias I nni4air, Iwo rivini-tajia artiom oithl 

sir sise4tutsgtl hsi imstatro sarnlil oqill autih hghIaninlosel 

P14-14 lunfir kati l144-11 lm11RItst I (milli rietisisal aisil tit 11frior. ssaa;tteo Istep rnpfnd. .( life gMon in a PRO&7.isnt 

IlxtiirniI at~tak 11Y an m "Oruussst unte tt 1.131 Ul (.Ini,. 

litistl 4viriolitaf. rm. .*t,44t insisi-ah dws psintvs. ei 

opialtailmsa lions isnms% Weill lisro tha~t tlme hucT sit- 

taens] lInt m-rlicit.,mt sltijijrr atul ionliaout ns-i.4anc 

flaI'ltmi A1141,. ntimsg" w.su'5 shteloi-NiviI. aa sle.4silm'sI ins l*11t Into :St iltl "'h4i till uaia I temut Wi I lk it aui tlr t111ists. 

~salket in.~.:h flss.s F4,it3 sitstlplia~ut 1ml ithei~niso 4istmliiouss~. Pti*Iuttsit*aorv fimug "d~t0t" with fnriskf to( 

tansyv ti( loot.saIt- ttnbss. ntt,.i~alitsy lis luKnnist-tslt d~t- lAT vinn -lumit-i~t- a4' 315s tAt'cslums 17.4.3) intiistcnl that 

fsmsHA6tism. flood WCnt n-istaltzts.. in a ituriaamhMits*gn teasis rmalatj-I) lapilite. a.Uraaloul hc m.th'st thvO-fltr 

Impromosteawr af t'mm rsilse vlwily. atin . w motsgsrsi,t 4d a lasmo-.saaia~s miatanaL ;tiny 

'11WtI hpmotlrns440 wit allvalm-4es ltsait. saincwr~m th ittas 

that patwiltv gu-tt tare its stssal ait irnl tis loist Poor. 

Iur mgtiliarif if thertr -fuirm bq~vd noIa"stitfintamin flim 

oaallei-r rttutstmuaiaiom awls musinisnjn. time lim...uuulsih tr u 

Imm ass %-ITV 40sswt in tins ssalalx't AA) tIssalitse. full%. Wtitlle siinqust raill,..,. 

Pbouodlyl Iassl-hanloirms :,ul waner " ancseIaas ruthe-r An alqirnimi ssas gmas"Ifi ImmIrhu-sssfair mat-milas %in 

than tnsistausc tin posmnsirr wta'sse, e sis milachtt plaY tyfie nsaw Im. Kiven . Astolitiomal thetail. stssalmot the nimtit~ 

flittoe, ittitsssrlaoig lffer ili ot-Imistininussg~ gaitrfsnitaaes. Tsa potnon55 i snomK :fir4 an. p r ini ulater -htaptera of thisi 

teat thus Is3t ypothritaest A3 lsw talttsfal~si Iti knasast lust. nisewl. Fivr foirtlif-i inoE, salim-r aitassil the hrtsl ruE- 

Ishasnnreesa Itit iliffsrsitt tismttlo-ssatusmpasfr seletissifloor 

14ý1. lUtusnvtpf himls oixrdss 'test4. twist Iumtslt d at-,htuks ansi 

s-nnoiosss un- given tern the npruptat4 ,.smhssstichsl by the 

motssntrttavt off livi~Aisos 1. 

Stehlite Nis. 6 %sst-r privpaasii aital ts-..lnl.c 711 fln4o 

tlsne ~ ~ ~ ~ unvIf~llts ~ ~ ~ s~l.sil4~o~ ~~' Iswtt ... 

lip th hstsal atts thsimnisal alttok ItY iu saslt-r rpim Itelu 

twu uf temn sraviksIl heiitlsv. 11ms linstersf gSiuhitr No.. 

0u-1 imnii(m, 

1 1 , Heiretrfroilisat. D~uplex In ate, 

slid Other Cltronstnjs Catngt 

to, #om the telittr htands la:, rsejsstant too thmmorit lmsmirtjszl (11mmuitiumt eoIi'rtitgluc pillow csiat-Wtsermit la wonitiise 

attask ansi s tit alftwntatitin f lite riflitig. Ilsasasevr, ma. luan-sastrfuvr tmuferi.:16 Imth at convntistinmat vs.imit 

instate faiitire iswivomrrl bir srutkints. Ili~sa nott-lt.. lositit itswithI hsigla nt..'tif fin antio imittt IttkYjts~nosm0 ity 

,IwAs as that n4-itunmStite t t Isnnmtsult,hemiul atfIurk watss msindsiit tim. l'itrmci' sh n intjssstkjaits'te I s-unit gulticully 

a prime "' mtjtatie (sir u Itso stmitfame mats-tial. s-Vmrn uin its a harshttle ttvaat ;1114 I.tsl" 'tsat yi duvetP.Y easkst 3. a 

f ile mslilmsr .. 'A) ttstrre at striljtnury vlomsif ty. It tatnac41rt -sLalt sal firinig At t'-..- neal Y flit- resrN .stalliza~t itit 

sal thtta t its thle tellit e ,s-Imtss fstr flit, fts4. lowu. sh.itgrin tusg 66 jutS . lsouki'r .1111 P",, lis-11T-t te t1 

t,;t vlIs i had Is:." iisyat..iI'- iI:t a Ilas wet-tixtt at( cr~tsL- ands at task t4 Isttmilskrliivi mttittr,:t (.-e Sasst.1114t11110, 

fir bLtr tl.tfS:.-Ilitt- Nit. 21 .im(tA tI iti~t ttiqm 1:121) ansI 1114.~l l ca h~r"1161111t :tmtd 611:t11lv 

it lsowa Iesjttst an 1 i lonIts :tt w I r n.imtamrs tIlmer. k railissr. Ily lit,.Indmimtits. aý Ithmrilt ti il St ., 

4-11,41141~su $% ills rul-14.ttt 411.sstlifty. 'lisa' mtlttsgattitig 

tmiti-'. at itt Ilii.. *tt~i:.rL~aI a ma ttistuts vitn linttr, "i ll 

Is.. ltitill ats. lastsr in. ý,4tt isl ssm6A.4. 

liuttl 2tt.2. I. 1.ts :s rasitl 4Is ttfli fii N 4t11i's Di% ) I i'itm 1. 

XMI)I(, mmtlauiottI a ills tlmws~ ttti-usltrl it Is v fltip 

.'ints Onwlipansir I )spari timit flit,'. Itssit. . 

off 

CONFIFNTIA

hii vlltviij - 0.4., lnollo ld lroliln-Nt 

A "iinititatit pilate itt n~'-614ieao entio~nsm .111111 

itic t 1W life mtic iterfionnaniit.h' level to(aetiminfair -' (Acse (Inttttn nt t 

rnptlviifrt- Pa.t% Iton lovitecnutgjii andi t lefitt. Alo 

tilcltk'-. Of4hoitihiutilu pla~.4 loC e .cn1.e tumler Icylk-r. lmn.uoin vcint-plutegttdt. ctttitt alourtinti tosilii, and 

%-44oniivmtilittliombastp&~ plv-awýmI exitin. es azel of~1~, worn.v. wiitwu 

Tlo.l1swii ausip Iv:'n sot'fh' ..ilvtel. ir o r Phollnitiinr volist l 6Acit 

"in ito alltyi lolaic. an- dimieta..'.i i Ot (ltoptr 21). 11mN eln minn tultu itl 

m~w I 1Poiiirrtill mifostl~iPhtt imitiivie "tU: 

let tuckintg and cho e ldtia attacek l^.' 

Illc-vc.icatagc litt iit liansvec iciarbiticH. glout iie -6 Isa lo%*tsgc host hceiwdle gztt.*c evet unider sevem vtttitttiitiot. Atapiati 

onl~l om ci .. 'bliiiicicii iaactiiiilitl 

lull 

with bht,' Ivt:, lnititig oir witl b itieny RINI citlt-r, livtrrl 

tc titlam' wvre Cosmtic, ota uit liu-tin liii,' su l am l a HINTi 

maeitaial. 11m- miitt'tlsltinx iIefiljieum It tol' hisiiiiajti in' 

niuwri.ntIeeiuica~etol tat 11w c uimicciwi pictiti cat vlowtniplatc, (Svtitiii MU. )~ ~emirc after hsaviC4 

smaltlar, flxt.iiatlui ist-rm lo~roiww in (Imlaae'r 2.5. 11w- lot find4 #only~ a lew rucnti'.." 

ittzaly tntit't litiylorehtatity nomititotgtt~. Ii'i tuittip~tiiiii vtcil,6l i~lipsim to(mt Noat b un ritt l i.znet.'c. Attetnptic'A 

cat Ilk. iitetchctimteahcfficloici thee i'uitnt~igef thlins tia It utigirt dluctility lov contrvil 4f poettiy. by Ittt'luill- 

Iivitile bty tlisp it'. of gnir-mwgravr'd pnujv+t tti.vv ito Ii 

t bt-. lowae to Ihe' Ftia linitcertir is, dlewcriit..i in (iilscpteia 

ical wtorkinst. andc bye atlclt~ittion-it -mall to, tittmdciste 

a itatmint A of a lIIIIying cwauret it uva tt-. whecih anse di' rilcc; 

31 and :12. n-lotili'vel. in COcapt.r 17. we-re ,nce.'tI Itc tihe aui-' lAU 

In iniltljt'tiitt tei t lisp 4im if hniiceqi 01"la 1au1ilei a'uWOe.i ,i"11114. itta nitni~c~lajIlty' 11141 liniteiijc nitige of 

chnliriitltl .'letmttpltitp. -iati4ucnl thitccra i Z nirkel Itcmittx-atunii, it wat*~ iclic.cvy brittle when moald. 

andmsl i' Strilite Nip. 21 weren tried' as Iostile iiateinat fuie Iowvt atitc'' in g ul iatto chnicouiuns~nwbic alloyalci (vac. 

4 tinnium lt Clitflbatt. 1wi'n ititi r WI'!wer tin~tiitjtfaie ount, incited ullotys, w-ith appntiotn~lt(ly 60010 chru. 

tori' la4utoric. taxk.w atfflac'acin tofl~t' Ilk lte Cto. WiIM tit'ii itittt 25 lo.W iri mm. t0 tea 15%' ttiolyiodersur with 

Mfku"% 

"ilie lepuuaiutiw natehromulum p~wyrortntaly from, III& 

%" blw rurblaim ,ciwou etimuuidenibke pratuice. They 

havot vvwv poin n-6toancr toa t hernnal andi ilemicul 

ianaxc of it's enclxceayt wait iniessli~ptcd.cz' aid tde. attack under 1t3'pc'rivueitr etafmliitiviiitaitnd are ooroitff" 

w llin motioin 21.11. 11mc mtttctlc 114."w nout appea~r anti IUaniaJ inoIbt nol defonitun o h iln 4.. 

to lot- sitablektfor Kunlflhaiai'nsTte lorli3It'll" itdffitcilt Mtecir titl wettknevivo 6i1their low ductility. In s'pite ot 

to pon'ptcw. "ilr rc emo of lillitingt it'uumtn m el an itio t1hi,t~ deficiency, whten linens weit properly inicered in 

difificult and4 the mectal. which vimlanit tiiiwo om vulmntit. ljl~ilaet.50 aircraift macineh~ Win barrelsa. the.- ihowed 

is, hsard and verv brittle. itoulitantligi liwrfornannae mand dlid not crick land dm.c 

A firing test wasn ittade in a caliller .10 itacinene integrate. lit.',.. alloyl aind testit are discuieusued in 

gVirn" (in a AtMelJiner with a buon' mucafcei of tlitluit-d (liatater 17. 

chrntiim imixm inaIt'd 

if ehrmuniin tliil. 

he Ialing it in tin tiaciiaplivrn' 

1 

Iliie foittein ett arnd utit 

Since uilth chrinntiium inetal anti copper haii' ex- 

tllistu n-Ai-ttttit to chiemicall altack by hot powder 

lietlrfitice wa.- inflcriior too gin xittt'. Altrttitiata 6t tKt'4. loll at t(Illtilt wian tuIlCl~adto ittpruve thle nineehia. 

c:a~lcle to the I oint thut a "difflit'ai chrrtniittiit" titt- iva:cI litaertiei it o chitnaiinain I, p~eparring powder 

face it' numt a mitrttce cat purr' ebbinutitm Itit at Ktmlll't 

citerki.taf irtin-chinacicnnu allceyt ptctihicc.I by a diffumtiiallitrIt. 

c'tiniJlatatc's oit chrnntiiii powider insipies 

inatco with ani optitnum aumtint of copper with or 

soin or veniientation" prtitfiem. withittil viodithieittliit niechanit-i woring l~jiy swaging. 

Am. iA brotaght oaut in Serliotaw 20.5. invesotipttitan ftch tiett cot theso ecitipactut shoiwed low weight losims 

hAmmil-l Ise, ptintitnitc-i ctaneciling tispe chnaciteto eke.- (ton.itlvrtahly 1(%"c than gin zoctel,,) in cemision vent. 

titiplating pa r.,t~tt tatx it(in toore ctaotiotti plate, Iuitig tt't.tt" litit not atz ltow at, were' ihwn by etinre. 

tilt ii* platestanti doplex plate. anti the itnhiertiec 41f -Joaililiig cti~llipt.tt. Itiiuie titlil iittlvitcic'ntinu ori tlung- 

-410i p~late.. :t111d the O~feCtc Of guin tfutls. atnd itnaite tile ,tell po~wtiirc (Sc icati. 16. 4.4 atnd 16. 4.3). Ik"allair if( 

a ihigti -on thlieu txerftinuutite. Sictiliv'. ,hAtllcid Its, mtilt tle Invlliting tait a c~~ t iilow'Iti h hicnlle.t (if thet 

oft th lot. i ri ontiattic in pilitllai't uuc itof lictist vttttpiul ar. lct(.v enntt taidtc v'. lcrti m atcntiiltv ilic. 

tilattit 4ilt hreltttttt Iteo laurpolic cml ontuccoial rial fili L, ;ill ciiliert matia lAti~~. NicklI andt plai umi~~ii weree 

Iviigt It cr toirtian lt141 thin t Ins lauit. icit, for littitajco itrIii.'! :st imttrlettat ing mti-titral, fair chroitauitn Ilo~der 

"limtatridni actityoi. but attarkedthe lc drn ceitito and fiarnimd cailtay. 

WNFIDNTIA

1115 OI.F(MON~' fly IEtbIP5-N1111% ~ V 1ty rff~ Vft l st% MseLs 

~ ~ l'ui ls~en~s s 1s41 itS %1414 liev, Smin 2.lrfl rvessnsb. nollwog ssis- are'uI thio-eea 

litter 6. .1p.s"n in rFilsn. Ito .4 M'imisie IM. ~Stifrsivid 

Iis'l'ifis s'lowl igi~ Intos 41551.4nod'i~i'Kn-v :5 Is, Ims):n., its O lds oI~~spsii f IsanhkiAn'I514IIIhli-- 

6A~l lOs~ii.isl -11"I As55tpts' :sltls. It j11sl11sler swiP ton, via. ota-e fiiwah-r I iv~i..wa I *âisýIn-%ise . ,a 161 l1w 

rir mwash tiw UM4 w.. rn* s'4'll.Ipn. u1 sswltitt Na%- v hintriti-o~l t2111 itintivl fit mainsmir life 4ssshn 

p-unt t4.all C) tiw ,..Uritv IN(shnqiw . t 4 ing1wasse t~.5.ft Clasolvey lo 

of loom-4iI-fll. 1IM41illkt. rViis t,.I. i~ .Iasn1. l. pw. I hits gstaterims ii' if ronio. jilalt:Il.ir IuW rw via ~svu. 

Sai 

s'ivi. tI.~t jil is-stalky rasisnii-asI it ssaia 114A 'ýIvnlox foit%%.wig.Kg~n lvl~a~ s It.% i'ssii 1. asislit'srsitls' 

t51541KI5. lots1 lisni ri14 ilZI. an iiI 111sitrtik us is"itis lts in Sm-tisgt.a 23 

nsake. s.iias~~ lim-t Fultrit-itiesr itmef 11511 hail In toiitiotsts its fuh, t-nan Irv pnusklsr nwtatilhisrV 

well liutu itIvqv,*Is.its In. sniusilI msiniariti thps. 11494rn1 owipwsixt. uliuml"e's winguse iadt. 4 ar- siowltitw.. thimrnit 

40illl m.4 VVA iii,0. Furtrmiwnium. tvs~i..tiam otO Imzs i~us4tiu asml v.arisgeul gsu-Itiss of rn.'liy~nssa'm *tii 

- ls~h~ea..l~sI~n~mafsso a. T~wsee nwitpssuk Which~ .1w 

1414 ft*O to Is A~T u'' ii5 :l~Iit 1 aIC Wll 4 lv'? 1 ~ows k- nwtctzl' 

Issrl,. arr a-s. f"rls'sntsl is, SeAjjam 19.7. i)r"Atie 

-. p~aul snI~wisig"nn 

offou ie vza,:w if( it% tar- 

~.'i 2Impy walmr 11451 iativiu ail. a.s .1sentalivi' fin p Sirelio 

21 lov lts aplnrlt tis l Its-~. -4iabtmitt 5 

ount lin-its. 

~ ~ ~ .Aitwlssiit. ehIll51rspaIIII " P1111101i "5 % M1 0-C~ ift 

giAsie-! vvitn' lpritte anti lite IsPwN--A * a,. tins ,evn-minrn 

is.t Is.Initis o nti slsips1 ,ktiahle Sprayed cip4stswv. i" 

it.- In low"s 1 . it pisispil fan lsri lss a sufisivItr's sns 

'S.' .'s.~..~inSh.% ~a.. jssinvinw ductility, jsswsl% t wtzlhsyr 1'555li irb541 it( 

I.s,4. Ilsns-nI is- I n*vIku mxI.sn swk-r A, anti swspgi'r (Irasle usaisne Mlk.- 

.- sassss 1l 1"r "Its -14.h timE L02J4 6sa~s~ .,IN 

1. uu 1..~2 ... tst&..s ~Isin fit. M-ti..r 

~ .1 ,,I~ng O n.t. Cssi lf KII , + in .tw 

sUN i.; ,twx. rum. t.fu, h-.. .psi...,.sI w Fit i i if 

NUR~C ltlw No, A.4O4A) 

nfelle wile lmiun'.I andl Iest lw uy Avvivcwl evril. 

lemnt -iSaassw its psowsier x~ n nsssesecrlr mtini, 

I)t~l.ts - thlta of 1Is'r' uasulyloleontgp in Iestns a I ! -in. 

senssom vent.~ Mlop.. Iltli'stvr, %Lien line o f time best4 

nuIslyk-nsiaos-u~pixr fIkosiite,.li wan Ifntsed am a short 

r~flf lulit, tvce Sectioin 16.3.6) a~ing collpper ship. w 

dlTm-nersi. n mox'ffisciv. Ir of I Inisrais evrgan4mon ittisi prvijeet-lie,.. lite tullese plit ulsen ta',.ed % at hutst a ,ittel 

neshaiuis sof elasticity, I mctt we nsI" les Ills s Kpl n ixickinlg 2141 ,.Iluw(t l .. deCsmsat ussn Aihen aist.imfnely 

4Md. linit. are diffsirolt tol inortsI. ontsqlsirteds tos prevent sislittitig. Tuec-s :1Ilsoys lack thme 

A.i .ilcsrilioil in (1.;.iter 19. ilvl.ms..t'' sast smnapul :sawl hurtIne, to 1rri,t swainilg insgrrt byv 

41Jpwrli that :all Illnieso I 11.4 a'fievilaanital sil'fivitnsticis tae~ pssIft intivl und toiw litlteI prottsuli an win linetis 

s-.sn Iwe sverns)me liv a:uolsvilo %ith ,.ssalsI ziuaswints 

(aioljst 0.1 to 0+20%) it( siialt oit certain solwir inetals M Tnse adIsAly 

wsill 1I , isstevaive ,iswl,:,niv-aI woking uriisirtnspisi Togssanit Aly 

try pmIxerliutIa-mitip andi anrettlisig mclivilsale. Tui~s anK..tn hsliz.the lhiglis- multing4 point of anir of 

, var rin,tirwti-p midi in-,ertjos mrfhetlos hasve ldesn tlest ens.i-ss sv~-.'''.Ist gsirt~A4. Ils'-tue it.q illultissg 

,-sd.rI.Smiahi4,l faliris:,ted itid..lsehgitiostle 1 141.v 1 . uitli i I~lu il~is (i~cair 

ios.-l itarlNy 

C~r.-t,a r,-l.Iaial 

ii~ lllf, the pope. tie-. if tile il 

s1:11tsri:l l-rilles i Ss-titsos 162. 

t..sspiifIpýsl.st. nsi.1ii 4at1u~t- 

I-srs mirar)w, isails tissiar. All laulrwaliwy tret,. 4ese.J 5 

Fl-~,a 4 :I.. 1 Vco~m '.s'elisfs 14 a l~itr of loot * % b- t psial in tt*.gsiut i andi ill sitc-isuvxeiia 

ursausa laitii 0-u II14?51 "Il siT sit-N %%Isjs.s flsl al..~hais. exs.lhenat ie-ihstar to clivi.,iral 'attack by 

C:ON I-i )E NTI.A 1.

~T%U MThlI for 1.I1VA %tot rMIaINOT Wt'FWR?%A 307 

iw'16I'i' PIM-0 In 011111. to 114 n-c "it~a~ at5 - pJpeql ~it .411111. ziiwI P.1 0 fil eihtow3 4fee'il eww ma 

14rnilill "';t- madelt Ito eI.'i4..It tsun-m.n t- a liner imr,- An atisiv Iiug.4 itunamels Isil 1 ana~'tg1I15106 a affI4 

14-r:al tram' it %;I* Atolli in "'j-ýV. ;.n'-4s't.4eI I;.e fri..,, :0 fn'..l p:11l44l lidh. Iueoufn~slln flworioi. pro- 

.t4w falIot'itama pirnll~ithee t-toeir in a 1114,11 . qoteeeggts la e~,n ivn 1.1111;11114 l-oriok'. :,,rnd 1:01al~attis .soiollo of 

a1e'gtn't'i'a- Cott gsi 1,u4-i i~lt~. NO1. Ila- -ot14s* IIeerlu:,it-'l aum .811"1 ml ' . 11Ila- ll W-41 *fi*t ellafiw 341A s mfisisvliwaftw 

liffwto',dt .4 Uivrc L-"'re'io-oo im otevi lt&Jasleeny p~efro wvw prwbnwrul 

elo.tittit, andIn- ;"' fiel'~ lisig'te lor-Mr ,e.Iuennl III lirdlig so-W.~in tdes rnlilae'v AII nonchine ti rL PM 

ma HutchinteE'NI. 4111% w~ivitht VITT 17M't -liffiieiIti. riihl.e.'ll 44 lIjaae', Willi fliffuittio Iz,,,talluns lamesi',usa 

loyruVtir 1111laifag's (of flign-lo" awel .41 tmmig'Iscale- eo( ifliN,'nii itirn'kaosi''s'e -4)11114 its. ae (AU1O in.) 

simorlyluk'isrnti tlht*ion e .t' iM gowIn- 1.s'.Was iuivepli. INT61vf.sne' INfee'r' Olson gun ,4ti..'. liu Iriiisii 

jptrdl (Serions115 21. 1) anil femoal I- Ioo oinlliltaIlth' tat- wnas istern' aderlng ztcel .'grslie'i. .tiA114 eIlo is N 

G-feu ul the ("n... w iateaeg Wuflainr iate.'mwaffir rombite"tno 

f nisilKe'tfars 

tlw Wt'IAt "' -~n 

lte 16-, nsation- q el iuffu,.sl toontalmuou Purfai',r: m" 

4 :.eael thwIs' ahte oielaerro'e am, spot lpn frnte'aietid losti a grliI "vim at 

itwill sgoijeivrttl too firnug ttib.4 

-~ ~ ~ ~~~Lk leall ......-........ ur eii~ijclaU gwe telaloit Mei n. 

', da&~**rl. 1 

tiptoeh'e e, ws-,t pa t-r 1e'..n~ twies iii t tit Itrngs- ~ A ;~ '~ j 

ljici. they were tin,.nigulIs e' lw vsa ,i',e Iu'n"a .f 'IP e "j.o .,fe 

44IAA Of sluffivicist sce~gngth aral I'&.iIi".til 

iks' ewagingi impacwt 4 ftle t"irasrnw . 

moiset .1 

T~/ '~ 2 '-Ž ~~ 

UA antalszm and i Ofl~ued Tantalum ~K 

O~f tive noiw~aij nvrsla'tnt tea cla-waral attzate' 19Y Iut 

pinte tha tantauluumn. Illoeves'lr. past- fitanllen. I'.. 

lpern idt -6ceb readil a li miied Itya~.lofsetM'-Iit. nil~t 6'a"' 

32.~~~~ ad~.''.* 

Cmn. or any gu.,'w ctintainitilt esc'i. iprgsn. h',drn. .. : z 

xr'.. tw carbon. No Iaejt~hsuinsiwe'eI%*s am' uanihAlle tin 

hardkerKd tantalumn, anti thw ere 6..'mr .1.,..t whs'tfiw 

it'. harnim'.e and wcar anti spirtna !i4-tanrw' arte askc- 

Vee.... 1.1.1 aeelmli'ue'Isebu.den d 

a:.'ln ,..e... seth loail iIeseleaIw.'teu iesis 

in fl.. Mfle..UISIU .:.o e,,.eee-r-ts awn. I..uewieu'howel Mv- 

1windee Snotrr xleese ', in. ft,.eee ito.onwomeu e nfliag. 

opiaate for rapiud-fre Vanii. Ezcv-!'nt pimim- ir.'fw 1. &mwrtsaufn~~f ui 

firing tc'.tstin a rifled liner usE sir4=PU"zmf'nltantaleemn 2...* 11,4..h: .1,1, .i (1-i- m... 6e'ie Iwo 2..ror" w-Hso 

in the ruliluv .50 croee'en'Is'4.iing r. 1The 4-ipa tr.e-. 12 in NIOk( Re-puse Ne.. 'A-lO 

titin in Fiapsut 5 .Jeens .maeto rnoo-k-:_'ot not evisk'ne' 

of powdcr jrv. ern"im. Alner -f r 3 calilmov .50 man. *,U CoAlwt andi Itigh-Cobalit Alloys 

chine Kosn lbartl Wan pnpelzn.lIl.a oat latilly torn 

dluring an attempt Ito rtife it 30 I LVe'f n-11-1141ltike Ponett evolvill autl liocls'tii4- ItUl0 a e P eeii-a t'ow e dkllt 

tc': 'etage. 

T~eat~teti~, 51tl~ljldl~lt'e th- . lilitil ' ...eeg 

n',ea'manur titeivi s-l~'atl tmitak by Itutittlewilet poo 

i forlimae~ie'h. flsivir n1;ati vely lien 1ae-ltieg pumamt 

,-:erij in I virarlulenls tio te l,,ahinrt !..t 6'ta.l -j~il " 114 t (1 PK) C floo gseen' cs'.lualt eand huenr foe.4eie, rang.M (or 

ir turn. In ~pite' 4f it a pproii"- 3 lw-tr'-4oerfavc the- :sllearv*Ptiseat i lixcer aolifaicat ione iiist'tl the nutve,:ts',,l 

mide'r ht~jwns'Iteitil n imp ae fitrert ~ w vnilit.n 'eesr leesn C loie-e .ei' - tit ile IN all ieliepirtatem 

tk-%t+pi' ejurt oaf tjeutaboton :- a ii.ia,,teriael %WON rdlctEO- in er~s-tw~. l'imn ,,uleiet Las in."'iffit'toit lust, 

111:144L by) I)Di't'at I lu'iaii0' it pa. tivntiPc, xt *0 Iwntesl-. tern fv'ItrifCtUtl [By eto.gusleg iimeeat Of 

C-ONFIDEN'rim.a

live s' itsc tc -sgu.I-firr gnawt loost 110404u fo litS.. ttretwhl ~.1 high *ssawesse ~ A1 W q4re 

lugs-'slc~t ,lls~uls. s :.Is~aa~a l.sg-lulpclis-u asasa :11saslo~lr.as.".0s ro-i-txiev.ul c'a lsu ustsaltg 

"a L-nr ,sas' oln-t l saosol tcsv, *l 

fwmseaseca* ill 35alpamio(5t155, a* olasort la'esrer litwt'5 in 

P"uM"OC. a.i Vsic 's 14-tss['.s. a .ls..fl t'clitti5H*Vsi tlws' assls-.gssl~ms is~tfrn 'as et.u s 

matas-k 3k'I saIM-S1C eat. a onla ,N stiolks ao lima rnllisig .-"-tir. A Law-a iiiassalov -at ,*-I~l~e' h6ra h6u hv&4es 0 

a--L. .'A Gnat 4. 4 o-tilcuh ullo.Y rsmSaits-iiiisa ',' Itsa'ag-Ovit bjis-r lust. :so .4pssue in fliaaps'r PI, mo a-so, Noso 

ta-uls-al" in a o-!altlu' ..'AlIm-v lu onseArlsisw Kiss Iuastro- fartlss-v no~, St4-1iles No.. 21. ah"i-l lapa tiesr ssolwilowieem 

c~oartis a~er% lt-ist lit-rflositsmsaaa'a. luau isa lMslAlslv swe a'slis tisqsjsa-lnsw lorismirols (iasa-*telitsi loathb 

lw~asa' abuse $SOa4lr No.. 21 (worq sAwtinot lit. lit). % Is"s- lasse.Iesnltmasa-s sl Iwauil alisualilitii few ocerime 1w ats r1ev, 

oluvsopsellIvlulse 4a--l"Ou ftata'lnuita these wan ,tov.s4 isn it %a1. Isis- ilitos, llua-cs-ajags.-,taanits t. ppsw in vilhish lacre, 

voIlA't-islla mll s itit Is.. .. ventt marsl ,.lss%%a'l epawl l~sa. 1si1-461111f i- s1eA mal .aaslaorittnt Las'tivi in Cftu455. In the 

hassissaas sale Its, IAI C. least its lsisnlsa-,ii slt-',a l tt-s r-ls-r ..'A$ e.155.Issa-t4i~se Iauuzl tiolafr hylit-ne-lAaatv 

va's- rapoillY alusiev (hsistaaaeean ealil sass wsseilfa-a- 4-owhIiiiiss. hesst-ro 4.f tsh-Illte' \s. 21 pr'a-fewecsa-l sasatice' 

tepu-t e1 tIs. MIlAsY &s'w neladls' 11ma' n'Aslto sat Lals (saraioil %tiflt itisgit4a-4-I- (UNMI ptsiov'r Ul~u toe 

agasw'e * tt-.is son inusa-a-arlalt salils. are' sleorr-silu-RI ill low"s lsts ltim-l Ownei slastilliv-Iaswe 1 ,.mah' was% eshieal. as 

A~ 5**5s-r line'r ak-&-trislsLataa mtet~s mirsts" roolslsat Attaisemt.. sea-m lisasle' tsP ,trheiis Sla- gootsasi 41111'tAitr 

U.01131sa. 111114 k IA40 14s141 T 

in ONu'a-saua .51-~-i an.oel Iml-Ita.Krsltit..sas ISiilhilp \t.. 21. umnk-' lsi-prvrve 

lv-stilae glese 1assalers Isp'rove'bniSY viasiealiotis"i with 

deuAtl-e 

liaita ai-n attitonja sic .mo~w firing nasi isnu s nian 

4 uaw5 joosealolet. oililson tvnaa sauce a-sat iastiory lost a-hit- Csw K i" ;1 41 ille's--~mmi vAmlY u-ivslatskiIsed IOV the 

Na-ks. ftid afrlUAtSMa af the riflinig au'a M-1cv~. estop ato easltclde'.laaso jasesle'-. 1w pwAete'inX a s'ts-'lite- 

Calvell-lsnsi't'en ahllivi' polottsas (ovioa SMWU~ 2t1,Is. flow' meit a high-anarting t'smis n~tor- et Pkitua 

u-hio-b mra rmeatila las' Itute~velsea lvayzgsing. socce 4ke. ilMWa-a ata-Mt~e rasa sa.ac'-taj leassaua' 

passeta-s sea gun-AMta flst-si Masal IsrS-al- bestl int Oha i~sq-t A'le-fn4Ycvltt~Iv fellss$% alAiasa'uenscuestuaa Ws pO~ 

rahll's' .Ursean'a0ss van isnals's- hatootrea's-, a 3em-5a'cca-- 

ti'si- :esaa iseaaltluls-nur apgsira'a 1wY P.%i-s-ulet 

ruaanlitiopst~ewsasl in file Itsov , v asal nitrrraft raliloves .54 plaltiux -sg o eaa,easinfartis'ry t~u 

lutrgaaaca% the foamt-,ati. 

nnszsltissrgsesKi taasrroras. )Itssg111 

Vei-4slcaeY ""-alaaslMcsnA WHIs sl1ift-11ltia-c 

tinder ssu's h'gca-s. 

Ainth aslilae"M 

oft a lasitit- isiti-nitelitallie'sassJu55 at the- inter-face 

Isa l-toess-as pstrt:)fill 1 sas-c cssata'rimi ditesig firing. as 

ne'sa ss'ssat'.a in all ta't.sI, assla'-s. the- Oldis' hsad 

4 

alswerilce-l iss Sa-atisen 211I. FurtlherAwl A 0 i6iAM he 

lor"s luseath-si toe 'i-e'1* Ia a lat.t-aauaacrv lis,.sn :aale to) doriorwait clip'cnsissas Ima arictruelzating and 

trorlintent. Tis''lw :se - s'a-aastsa essasesa nitworrt-vdinsimssa tis-rm issaps'as' aaillec~ian lex higha te-cps-ratisre 6M&dandi 

4law enilsena prmoaea--a. u*s luson--s'ar(Ca-a isag. NitritlinK led seas i-ffa't ona thepe-rfativaawiase of 

suisterisil. in assa-lasac raho-als - goians at n~sattaal vi-sa'. limc-ne 44d SAilitr \toN. 21. 

itit,.. 11tv paunsi'-e ..lsuaee It * lasses' noloalt pt-etaans.1 

(he' l~a plait'.sea. &w skr-uess~ laar-na'ai~ a-lana- 

'lsc prosaworik-% eef tIer ,m-lelita--a ( 1 rtkaslsecW Stellite 

No. 21), thec devvalaqesewasI cti Stellite- No. 2! as a liner 

casiisae lai O"' lsing uaan-Aly ICl p oots ilstei 

lied .2. 

tasst in Si-a-tisa.p lias-tccjil. wi'ir ahit(. a the' eutiliuastiomn isa th6c allay (e-ast- 

~~~isa n a'laal. luscahielC to ,tt. otea anad Shre -fs-ato dlufIardaaasru, 

a'aaps'ciascent-Ietretwntas aisthase of inbatv- 

'-* Sta-ilite No. 21 and Others Stellites tion. licnaer li-titasismel %alal thcirkne-,osamr peraformancse). 

11or -tvcliii Lire- a-l,x It-I xs,-. ml~V's it Is 2.5 tie 10", 

tea-teeo stvf-a-Iitv, Ilcealer Lcv.ee'r\elaea-ivy unadi~iun4-i ap.llit-at 

isati,.f Si chile, Not. 21 !u Ilk- 37-mass iN13 a-nnnass. 

tcrescin aaca.ii-i aIe %it Il a itcaseralra-s-; tis' :aaaas (it.c4asalv315%) wt,[a Stiea ad iteur -eahhite- in caarlsine- Wan Iruris'-l tire 

.asca,saeat- 5,( ae.e a.r 1u0101 1-( ti4. 11-t -~sa ieacs sliial seical4. liacas 4a ;1 Sia-hhjtt Nas 21 liss's as Iial hasd bs'en ficred 

ass a-v1,11. ShIllaies lovawaa~s5 sod elaia- ce':e,-acle toa .a'--'-tc iice-arlitica of linsers ia f Stallite Nco. 21 and 

CIts-11csesA l -t uck I ay leats loott ala-e g Iua-hiransass. ansi thei~r :spplir-ac len tea ccaalaine- van Ileaaria. Ujac tilt-IT 

CONFIDENTIAL

* #u~% Iooo.. 

I IKIir 141ififuwluri it un (%towigiil C.nItemor :mnow eItImmui. 

hiow #of lono i-I ,.ti'd lt eff 4uui 1i'i rml 3~i er hiTi. ,qw Vin 

wrffu~fUIwuli'i i u1t-seurnlhue Late~r it, (1u:. 1 t.r 24. 

ol 4w0~(*~ 

Foooeo aa?. Crua.o,.uuJ nin.4u irnwwul PonI 

Soo4tiui Noe 21 lii, tne-u irI 1.011~ notiuetot in a rv~euld"Al 

*- iatm tomn 4 sitor sin kuenm4i Pmt w !o Ivowoeity witaw 

-k -- voilp-inn. im ~lI MC oItoitSeeX. A-41AL) 

- flU Nickel and Nickel AIlm.. 

*~ 

a ~A 

~ ~ t 0 

. 

. 

A.~m . *apl 

lov tif ut. anfis in iot incrt numiegh e'twtiuiiilt Awsruien'iee 

~~~~n Na 1 xim-stirfuaui' mauteianl tonifer mewere firing cuuuuii 

tem,. Evenui when Itartlemni' (asnd vertiuin high-nickel 

i ntb 4w, extem 'cil~ct 1111t-1111n~nrm)wthtc performinee 

* ~ec -~~~ ~6sin uul mimquiulwturwr. Firing tes-ts tin jun. nickel and 

nirke'I-rlinueimitii alluity withI nuuurr Ihun 100% chro. 

mmmin wuw ,uutupjtt tit m.a'uu its, ergrnnkr nt tack by 

porgutvov. illumstratm'u in FigureR.A arnd gvc a perffwgV. 

lure1.. tem M.'4 lieftr. SIGd X...ii' 21 

tinvi ant, Itomi thuM-11,. N.2 in eta' #i',Idwr 59l u-nemiwa 

h'ueeu itun; 4 %$ -101 nsisoi- -a LMt It W#ut 14sm, 

foontivatuire lyrdl'v i'qitm! tit (or inferitir to gUni aitcel. 

(hie S1uet1tisitle~fuw~as dialt this intergranniar at. 

-411ovt ie1)-".Ju4 ov aoutso 

-, m- e in I..i. .. iatuml..a .ýrr t~,ta( e-1ith iltri lt odrW.. tm mA omrlt 

Ii +ii I W-li',K, ;4 1,N gV. COI It,' vi'n. 1u fine pa~rt l-ic-e to( niiudt andt muimei tigh-niiekel Obeysvi 

a irg I ~n,1: e. wut I I its N IH titIUen No. t hat were- mlixedt it We l ite limiflau~t~it ehiii uidfns 

flor thiim t .a- Oi.v jn-it in:iIiwi mi ut it mvm.ii qutite 

m:uelmuuiwu 6-r Seu-rive ju-u'at':n dii'-wrjta-l iii ( mluiti? M~ gridx-iilde tha.t it 6i 4--titeinID the mli'.eutiuur, iii selmr 

'Ilu' -uFuIiuuIicurS'f t-1iliei Noe. 21 litte cit var-iuL-u-uirtne.? Simila:r e,. ,.timuents flijsit"Afi, tt a highin

016-64 tlAi~.YP' tdwhea iailag., einaeee.aeeef~eg jm ewjiezul to 16W oli *rh wliH ~mn, "M4~ 

OW Mt~IU? 

T (11.114. 

anl iou., ;el %t e-g igei;,fl'eeteal 1.y floo. Weg 4,.rjo,, jgrti.h -, fee wiag, stc-,.tineu.".rlilstr Kies. 

Ju le' 5i a. fu hillcm.dýaL- :alloc~a. amilIt a'4dli'4* sw 

aliaigeicglfilt Wen.* fool 11,ol,.l (mefi~ft iawl zcI la-. n'4o11. 

11 oW emobre' a11ioausa "eaI"l." l nom lenv. ,, x". 

"wINNa lu'4mow. 

.A ossoi&lmov o nigt-La44lews-l dA&v re-ýr1ca 61t-zie~ wver 

oaitSm in flu- mailerv .50 , vc.iýfl.4c.ittg winalae fl in 

ihrai l6qa ~fm..m.m 540MO pemw namb4* 

:aueq lit lomelre, am moiol ano rap nimovnl inl a 

The hkkotiaetew. amilh o-n dum* ila lIV r; Aest ciseaiee 

were n-.Wsntlite isileixr~amgLar :411:14k INI At - Ifni e 

fe'w pianeila. 

.,~ *' aIlcc .I~igkpitll -Z- w~it-4. whicih eriestaina an 

..mft 14e %i~aenbtlla 4i--eleecgzg aac w1w il- wceaih ItY e aeiu mo.UjýJgeoawm. sawl flrroiYiam514,1 4 L' 

When hanueeamuul Ofsw r e1tijcag Oil- u ase'I,awlou~o the- It"- (witlh alesi,0 II% me-muI) sew t"-4et'ax Helneiwm 

16ir en~m no.We rae.saae. lMw~rtoyec -v-a .1kw a,% suitsu oacin iI.eealilww .Mervao r.inog,4 gaa" nAWe is t1e 

raIN.,' i, c~edd~wu~auu a cbase'a eovm.c rate 

,. pa'ule fluau oftI.at sod t'r ri:,l: am t e4,ankee'rl"ic 

-~ilo~ **.m4zt" 

vim 

vis4 whirhwat 

r ?2'fiv jum rzil4elagamuk andl eenae letlar ruteivt 45 

"'v - ,~~~ mae -elhla :stil fe Immor emutiea sw r-I in he iilillwv .30 

, . N., 4 pIloo w gnl l-t i4 v .4 It iwall eleu 4 c-ratrnsn' t rthe 

4 e ., rkel i .ne vatvm 1eouh gue4uriig awl mnuetaaa ofl grain.i 

~ .*4.. 

I c~~kofe~smin wwbwgaloneox grin laelvaetree'. 

s*ifergrtanu.Lar allarici..A pn'riteo~ tv4 4a a liner uat 

no iiAAA i fil rsliowF _W0 marhiaw'im aolwweql 

F~a~.. .4 a. "aef~ev a-~f~ ~ 

i nala'mI was, (a-Imonoww Xe. .. ai hmipc-nirke' uIlu,, 

J 7N iduW4 I rai aig , .. n ,lrhmniisti. ian,. &N-ven4ef, 

-'- ftenS Semn.hIit-h how In"' a Ms"llectitaW, o At a4.hitese 

*~ ~feorno ntting towe1oand raIrex-At.- fair higaji tempev-tvire 

nea. .l..)4,.l,,a..lr aai 

UaNIX. M-flia. ingaI,- I.- t.. a . 

aon * l,,~ "M 

(L-n a l 4 am ia., Jea rn, 

-4-lrv* icr. Wou-esa teorop'o" noa a lit.',' in list- ealilxs' .50S 

Se' INnv azahew 11a' loin I~WnI it tfaikaaS lexth by aib cking 

i~~~~~apeI 4m..7aaI tm..t~ a.C.Wr., tnSg'erl stielfing etd tie' June. -sirfzare. when fiemd 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ M 

intly 45 cneerelo,. Fifnug te. in floe ransin',' .30 air. 

aleamit M'te'; aiiake', 17% "'Atloole-lin~ga. 15.7 chn. ('17114 

nituehisw gain Sum4r ism linae'r" #of S~wtz.'tcoy "A" 

44'vocteiiie .. II Scre Immar tasi-ejaug Ue 11eal liem ittjpwimalue ill :ee4ialijaae lte looming tonsa -.A th~ey i' e'ri -obljec'tto 

fua'tair in a'n?-.iml. Thea fir-u limrer l ik alia., Paatq,al it, 

tflee r':uilacT - 

4.1inia , 11za :111:14.k Ili. leOAp 1ue'..k',' g ..-e 

1 4lainraft aa,aalaIieac' giin Scurtrrl aa:L.e Saird. 

eueeaa fear aea~inaittkaaa 1jm,aaajt-. auja~l fagjiasi I., 

T'lle' aeeaaaa kiar %%:a, 1-1-1 ill the aiaaal .. a 

arzukr g 

t ckaaa lulKa 

lie. vCp5haiaaealaef p, ,aaI )jajiai-t I Ni )1(.a;flat' a. raariv elttiiai.- loa-eAaataiauml- eat 7v-h , a 21 oam 

%'- '.J eis 1 jan "a '~~ " es !e 1 -I. a i'lea fill-,a1a.0 lmiarl. a Sifpiar laszte-ri~al litnisemafaanvot, V' a li a-I-. 0-, lace-h Ila., 

ne-14 4..ý cai ia li le la M. ta-l. 1a "11111111A aeuas iaell ,S e .ta-iaea I- I N 4 it- a-aa!aau'. 

la-i. al-? ct eeeal~se~aI a k tp tla ri hI e %%a,. rarea I aimlt-aul aan aa iar caila.atj nwict, -i Iw 

(:0NUI:INTIAL 

~e-ar

VV%§A'%Tlt~fl% tUNEX R V%Mll :e)ITMC It"10tP.RI 41.U 

iMaterial. 114i-1-M-c- Of tile' lbm..4eilit~ yc 4#e. 4ritir'.l ,.ieeei. Mme'c fI nnllteieme'Ic with cigei twh Ami soee, lie., 

;age if( voiclectt its case' tile. war1 ,'iertil loe 4#1 Iieee lions. 11'i AI. Mite Wel. 

tie',i. nom alttemp~t wt aic e~me too fi-acl a toi.-f'tertfo 4 Cntl ii I illarvie'ieel M ,tilee Meefl'ei 

Plleu lutjute' fair Steliete Nit. 21 (whtiejei voiiomlee~ aeimmist I .N 51 c iel ' timc'.'cce ise lmereleixim 

W.,~ mialclt I wtills 6m v "aeq,'eeA" t'ee.L'ul or Im: 4-11111111t. 14KC4119e P414-1 UP' 11. Me,, W,~e (1). Mn. 

Ifernue tecckf these, i'eensith-mvarieme. ill ahltitimn te, eeitel- %e~. utmpiassm , %I ee a emc'pI fal 64 t trim uitim 

kee etol time effei-v ton litter Ixc'int'fenmeree ofrlaaibi~eime a 

1%mrt ofl tile 4-eeieeet ccl Sie'Iite No. 21 wisth imee air lowls 

pretmeim' .c Imeceeceile' Iin-tiaui' otmati'eeeial. .11,04 heail. 

tmm'il meickel'-icn-~mjemis aleeloyse wivev Iaimr test rt",'eits S 

emif tile' namtals; nic'keli amnd ismm. ac imrt-iieminary n-viee. curin' luiicceileov "C" (se'e &.'term tia . Ofl th1lie 

taimallon4 waie macitt 4e time peeeeWilitcep m cad air re'maindeimer, K 12-it-tyler :clieeye 4poew time leaM4 tweeiw"eweadet 

3ree.ike4100YlOimreeme 

ilee Vkillttew 'e'"' 64- b-rIneeHUM%, 

41C' tmpelenete' erw"ue 

eelrmete. moliniiiiehetcm. 

#%fatilamis aw~jelh as w Aam[ eel t . A wneespaime.Ae..mea' 4cci'e e tlmu'e ieee4earei Aflc 

tiireuegt'm 'ctmueeem.tami 4Pet- waes limreicar'cI .11ed e'A" PeW?' 'oloo ip't"I too MR*g ftce's 

tcelmetm. as iatean~eiee' in t, ',iiier :A) ceie'nclt emmeclimee' gunm laieum'i. li1C rtrVcmleeecately. 

aimeeet 70 lieeitnt1c4'.timm 31141e` eel thisje stillse are' diicrilmeein 'tee .ie tiemi 19.8-2. 'Ilice expqedri 

seeei''eemeen' mmtimle', timi'eptiritieein ccci dehi''lcmictmeet by~ menccta I ~ermmm c l ca I)( i',j'ieeno I wase tveiemiatect- l'Iicfre 

tmw Wn'ur Mt~'ietalrx~v (Commmmittece' ~ )j'ieviece 1$., list- fia~l psct'et iielit" ie eel ( t" 1ee'tcateriaUlf, ieticl lie 

\11111C. the :%:vy INe'Icenmement acir tle' \aeccmaej t'vaelmiate'l. 11me beiloingamc ilkmieeatieeee piarent war- 

.te~~eL~~me~~eert' 

tit .!ielm C', eumemeeji~~~ Ilel' Iee Ie~etec tie Ite l Iemtit dal ii'e t cm :tcjeiclatit 4m tin I'rceal cind mierha nin 

OPPe gemmiin"e. in Itrimolee -miee mearepealeMm land faier isttler iia'e licelieertie'e ccl tlee',e' ceieitys ct Iceetim neutait sirmpeim'lb 

cimgeeeortant highm t'elue'xrultmee umecc. Ilole iet'.- .-. :.imeeile lia amm' ecl eleva~tede Ite'mmirraturetme'ee rpicemeimuee- with the 

tiw pr'Iem%4lliaary .t Otmei cc t liee lwc~mtvittia.t jet eel t heset liiemitede fencing rcieei',e 

milasyntueti mmute'mia6m (emr cm joi ine'rs. tiece z ti rlc'e -41 re't ria. 1. Aeitemmif eeltheeA. ceileetee ariec'lepe time' Se.I'iite'e sheow 

thea, isitti PruiNpj wait. sualeel noi fiellewife 4ets list- Iloesif e4l lonmhc ist' ler um-, eus lineme'c ite emmzee'lieme reun iceerti. Fur. 

e'hemwcel nomttpsetsiim: 

:neemp L Strlltc-te'j m 0ey.:( almct-clahnmuieem 

thr test andie ili'teliecjmeem'mt (jceemrte'miltenly time eff"e' as( 

ime'ntIe4e'temmc'cct 41#1 time' IIcArelcccec 11114 IMePIXieCe 

with zimemit .5% ol cjtimei Iteemgptene tar meceiih-Imelctmeec itefrurcetceiee-tc'lee' eeilitv madi ficimeg It-stee mehuehld lie 

mand v'crt'iec cumeimn roieetect Inputc 0.1 toi 0.57c. Part emauk' ie o linerse oel N-653 sillil witle alcicet 0.25 or 

(ump tim aimejut ocmutteelf) eel tihe cuiceilt mamy lie' refpluc"l 

Icy nickel. 

0.35%, eerlmem. 

2. 'Crmemuiemum uniti c'leeit. 1icelcmirtenaly it runetelins 

Gt'mep It. K 42-tl.'twt''aulectee: Liaew'.e'riien aei. thniecc ee ime pl itt tileeme ealieyce. lmaneeee' their re'lae'cene 

Iteyme, nipreioxiemcetit Si 40. Co 2.5, Cr 20 wille 'i aned tit diiimemeee attarek icy peeWckcc' %3,4-0. 

M1 am; hurtleitcimc agemitee. 3. Soee eef tlee','e cilecy* ha iscme a'ef'eir'eetiy sieied mait- 

GArIncpIII. itrlw'cim~ym'clw.CmN.' ) insping memt tie lee' emee'eiu am cc imec-mimfare' meaterial in a 

lac*01 with stlmeeet 12"7 clul f l ce 'et'rutie'clce ntm,' mme'tceiee joimn em'eler hlma'ime'mtcipeitt' tcouieeeiteic wiit'r mie'ltintg 

1.11c. W1. Op.. 'rel at-el va:rying ecerifin v'ceetctent lee- playse flmit imimeicerleet iceem ice 'ecmisiem. Mec4 cur tihem 

tweeci 0.05% anmd 0.5c/%. (Faier e'mpeeile: .30 Cap, 20 NM. have ti' eeicem eag-Aeee lat-twee'e 1200) awil 1:01 C. It 

20 Cr. iS Fe'. 8 !elee. 4 W,'( 0.1 C.) tacigimt liee Is'.elele tee eutilize tice'e'xre'ie'mc Iceet'ieaeintece 

(nmetp IV'. N-15.5..tcjce aciiiYll: Ce,-Ni-lr aliceyoe cmidelociie'pty it cmlceimme' eef tIlct macte'rial'e ac limierts, 

Wilin aleecet 1,117% Ocf icemel ecritere'l e'ele'ee mce'taels (.%fcc, e'ithmer meeider icyce'rve'ieeity veceeeiit~imeec or 'in nmmme'iicce 

Wel. 01, icc) :ecld Var~i'tiem e'rliic eesec'ctc'mits. (Foer cex- gemce miemler severe firinte e'~celniticemc at ant inv're',cce 

aecmple: 20 ('ii. 20 Ni, 21) Cr. 30 Fe, 3 Nilse, 2 W. I Cit. velieeeityc ecitccime'ilb ici' ems cc ime'n'a'ee pm-ee'r vila~rge',c 

0.3 C.)eAcc'~c-cec INOVcw.ilr tit lic ther e1-e ofeol icceitj-linie 

Cruimp V. S49117-1 vise' aityiev Ce -Ni-( r Miffe'vse iceewel'r. if the'ir riled~ lxieerý 4-ee11e1 liee IWnctcerteei rnemn 

(Ic e'.rr ( r t ic;c mll e(efel :1p for eN-I.'- It.13 ~e, %imh mecelt helt: ev I l'e,' 1 ccA 4:e ieil-11e.eme' 'ill% 'ee'em-mi re'si'4:nt 

eleecu 12", Jc .. -i v A-11164'c cecicie ceetl" l .1. Wl plcatc'(cee aý eleccccicccc .1- platicf) teccedt~lcl IeAt S'ceh 

(Cio icd * c0cclee cceee e ieI. ,'~ aeed plalte' veee lfee cececle' ailli'et.-11 lhiee pccc...lchtv 'l1e1cel4 

r)'~dc c cii '200,'. 211 Ni. It 10r3 Fri I \Iei. lee v'Ntiieml.e 

I W. I (b 1 1. I It ( ' 4. Trlseeecee art :m at'i ee litse'rs eel ccmcmr ee thcese 

U eI.ce1c 1e. 1 iaceulecvil flit Kul-~ecce,eec ;clcea'cc ciaI.. ee cmedeieeec raeIibur gpec.iti LA epienteeticecal 

.lidf 

CONFIDENTI AL

9W.LVAM410% OW IKNRO'IE,0 RV.%S!4T%~ N~TINPL %T#W 

nri'il'r w.lvs-vhla.=ý. uIts isodn lompv ,,fg r. 1-m - tiris' .( ;,,_t i,.,n ( jmiqv4I:lant - .rn i#~4 Lq lI*'." fic,.t-i'iI,vl in 

thw 0111,Y aw 31u1Hnwn.alili 1.. frElwh'alie.,, :,-5.44d i RfwE ';,' m 111 141111 1%% ý.IS4 Iat tb'lkii als 

illpilo sw tilus','. tiw,'* 114(5 Iligif ot lttler 0'!04I :4114 1Iii . ..kIIgrn 'bui's l.;Er'4a~s5 tP 

ill 1x'if-IMM i.'- 410 5 

Pnrl eaw thun ratio!! Osmy 101s111 1AINssmtne h-4401asl~k bu . "h Lsprrus& Wmp-S 

3. Awew4-E'1II, El liir t'~i.,'Ihi',, ,n'sgtlIs al I, irl, 1#ft in", : I.~' Kiln lim-i in~q' am tof W Kilnl 17111 

lurip mult-ri~t, in .snlgi'Ites tom'a-o' ti. .igi *Ilm 11w t.romio-ni. so( 111.' finiflKIfo ow sagime isullmoil #of 11 

pkm follor mooi at-s. It, .tlwinnov tiw' uo-wilvw1Es.1a. to'dall IwslI.'t ;11sul Ilci' slsci-tils r %k,.wwbospdr to PVM pmn'i'4 In 

cnaissio vf-s'wm,.eau haul' to a laidso-.sw'isem :3-Ys (rowe 16- f~ailin'. *'Iwtiaia'l a.11.r. .t 1lww-ussL Irw.'. 

ommaospli. at kulon'194'sI mos.i~l%.iiu lmqmtew a dsortoniuilfl- atuI'.i the Ifs.' IP. "EIrfat'ir -('Aulh Imnt11) ',sieol 

lusmor allost hjne'ro ow a I-f-dm-iw.leing r n'A',IImeo ".-wE 1fillfs:1t.' jounl 

1 0,44:a11%',3 IIrl :JsiiY. .lAe i .',vrnslr. a 

St~'~'.. andOh~wr 

rwin ~Tols. 

Se-.silOhrIisanali 

nitrfl'l( ingins- ralte' 41.(11S ifloti- XCII 

Iuti. vlsbidssse tov s 'wm Ifiiiii.us " 'w4 

auii'i I Ia~az ionijsairy lam Amt44 bKiJil [or lf-4I 81 8 

hmmW4 "Wing-ill low ramolurq *v m hinaadu vi~w n 1xinms 

N46 ft'vx ow' '.4isizi IEkIE-trimp .'ulI*. IE''iEiI 151 ov tsie EliE 4'? 11 fit hilt,, ('EsiffiIs'tim! oar a% JimEEI fIiiiiilj in 

ploomlI allY loolf-I,fa~il.j~~ig 4lin-o4' :sI- lsn-ýl.%vr mas.w - Lsrgv, prtss. at mI.le. 441W rate -'4 firr idi,'r' Et1! Iif 

tori'y'ith. 'I'm' nfql"'1 ~4 l.I nsri,twgi allot firitti tisaw ste. l1w' riflnitt mnay Iv a usimersarw Lu'i in 4fomatP 

"s194'1~q in Sm-'sts.u WA.: ;disil his' n-'a1he- .4twlkuli'w . 

~~1 A Ii~ltr n( ,'llI,:srlls'iw. ,.taie&'.s s4"4 (25 Nl. 12 CO, 

V 4' tt~~i ai rslils.'r Al~z inasbiio-romg K lmr,4 ,'h6-1s jl1lEf-i 

d wiiuissml atrk A (Iir, tor-A isulf kaii. lr a hnsi vtr 

(nml,'mr~i'taIl N... 70a" -4mh (I' alJi~vwth IN'111 Nitu 

o. 11 Cr 

im-r s1 

%i. I~l 2 (W. l 0 ". 14 C 's. w 2= ivo) in tae 

t heav t14) oithm pas 4. rts- ,IAsav floutn, 

111 awn n-ulo ,o ms''Etitflho l too lu01v ,lsu4"(i v6a r tito' byn 

hill* lumou'r;2~ ('m. (n O.s Iing tr' in gunsa -v r'n' 

wvr-ffat 11. v4 Not 701"~. wit'10". "isar itfl tst nnsh 

nsnl.lsul tf4l 

vel*llo %Is,,r 

1 3 

in,,,, shawl agts~g~tt Es 4 "sE~i.MI lat-ie te d"7(in )4( t'",ss~ets 

Ill "rft len-,,I',L. ( 

n-it~m mmsarhirIs-om.i4,Airthefir 

f(-% nmtb mil thn %tirs i-rm4 _

xv atix %T~ilt% law fu'tg ea. 4:obaen')4 mI ITruz&L% 

firig tet*in nE3Iilk-t.a 110 lmivv isioi-hsine Wifte lsuri.Its esA-llsn tewaili' ,asqrtjxri's-. Itsit h:i ais laf.. fiasl 4lsistliity, 

final in s.0-fitiosta toi hiitt I.' failhin' A~l ,Asiows.l ilis-tgjimil losit in filie Iiour.siis's raliifiijtii. 1s4lopl~tiifin iliuPIKAs 

i!:Itslrli-1, Wituh ; g.lsr nsNw :111, (isnumniustio tit .in (nomsioloomit 221iws situ o i t tjnm -ssl is'? 4'1ret iincl Iinmi 

:I sw, aidrf- Invr mistf lis-ears h:uus. not. prwos loss ftnilril fy crrnkinK. Sllhshrmlue XCH it dii "lift t 

losgpselosa(2r aaaterifiut prsrnin. Annia o asl OPPs frotw wpnior ow PAWA Poo 'a 

11sit-lonro -traf4o sinch4 "t the hsit-aws.-kjugt tit-lels.,ts4, tisawi %irh ma-k;. it ififfisstilt t5) mjsehineat. .lnssthsw 

ils austo n1:,in tle-ir linnhuso iss :t 4-ltv:,tcsitesisqwntr-iuit 

"itirhi lu.4ttserlitim n-iLor WD lU) 1151) A1s14,44~. if they 

s4*suilhr %-:live olowsl Silt-liritiste XIf (19.5 Cr. 1.13 Mi. 

2.2118?i. 41.761 C) war slI..s luiei~g nut:wbiimi'l into Itsoirielsi 

351' li-.ti-fave frl isto 1WI-irthiem so30it 10..5 Mo-int-1ks C. (sir the r-tiljlwr .30 ovindzislar woin. This. p14 4 At this. hmnnimuos their rnrminn its i fsitily wouls. 

warno beievesi 

its luives gKniti ervositio rt-6t4aut or 11101 lN6airia 

%Vhm oinhtf-fi1tntrofs tot .111 Rowlcwell C'. stisme 44 them-~s veitt-ilig siata. Terasinkirumn-t tol the sqr~jinmu'ntal pa'sfollftro 

vat"M th.4s* hmitrlew.. arv ml? o p to" 

allioit III) C. Intl then they anm vsisa"l riily tiitie. ur hm 

pnm isd flv1isan I grnavents'sf mmis,,fetisn sit ralluNt? 

11) nt-iiniriii Win luirrt 4 5 ~it( t0~ist. stswts a their 

aIide 31"iss1l fIi slswuijtv-:nsul itisapesot ".siutzssren:rv follo. 

with the- n-4iib thiat ssewlims gain liiueeasito t heiset.illsay 

te,.ting. which 0s1"14sik he evinrlets:d. 

4maswitsi histl4 fililsire :i well no. eviseiress stol cI~lu-iWii 

fottnek #in firinig. N .0~n: - 4 n::i.IL 

nslritifting.qtsn elscVtrsapIA41ru lviii gisx isti las ro.I sosssinss iloor~i-ttto..i teitl inalus faring ts',tw ,.olivues that IVI) 

loot wrw evil i1's~tant o iisa awsler gco. entstisis. lI55ts Pcsan losteel sti Nitnilisay when hurilosieneul by nitrisiing 

air inl l Imnlt~nening sit (fhe fatr in.fracoeu no 

~h)LhOISii ~hattter 

Muuumswinrpliosis. irsmn-ufici- tillsityu (ironl witl# uishl-li 

rrotioltanss tit sIwiler rts ertwismn than in tife 

alnhanrdetues esanslitismn. Tue lisp 4f haniaenrsi 'seed 

fulls fesItertestl by fnf e oilorn-rernist~ilot Arrsimillsm 

slesnain saips 2tot 2 nitsl v-ery hiw in s':w.5to). uhsioh srun fuinting lti ilips-sihe thss ps'rfisucnswr sI) nmahine Win 

he "frssm hinnfetsrsl toi vfr pm pitarii atk lowgimg %cdwu lxwm6 is, iiai -ruitil kIsev in thip report (Vaselptev 23) 

toot.tsl no. sit i"logi. sPliowsif Large- vweight liasisrs's as, fin al the t-eiit. s Ps-lics-l wt'lshith better high t-nelfemaleIN( 

s ia -sstiis'l afttark. 

AIs-, 3owssylotititsts s'trl (0.13 0.t ).IX (' -s..tsisunl i 

;wmrtsaire gws.;wrie ;lawn win s~ters'i to enhance the 

Itriwdsnititns tit es-sIsn nissistumnt liner or plaft. siw 

tsp leuaves fuirter s'ro'isin rs'.-i.-tanre llama IVI) 11.10 wait somhsitintimt.s fl:c"s-st ti.4-m-riltesl Later in thia report. 

tAM uthm uinstla'-'Imse- amoiss-r load. %ill lsslse-uss (Chusrters-s 23 ansi 24.1 

piswsler. it nuist.Imrsi ersoam nea Isetter thlo, liste pin 

(is Oppswr still f is Alto% s 

Purr oi' e rulw anti si niigIkyow llo so 44w no pro-sah 

8 1 i.es-ox -4TtFMiAi nosg lao.'irs-s'ssrfirse taustrictsls ii 'loiste sf ite t f iit that 

.V. :1r-siv 11:a1iilstiiies it, ý4s'sis, lt6.3-2. jwohasls'reod thewe nut:te'nlsi saisus- excsyllent ". isi,'nnsp t chemical 

tsrsi.-iis-ssn wnus rs.qi.tunt tit s-lssistj-As ttusk I - isg at tuk 1wy hot ;aiswsler ptc-A. Evens thlsisigh the melting 

hmAsei lyvii sist' I nits i-st (M-it-I itisli iota wsign steel sosaer- jtsiihii sto calliper' its. s-'istively Iou*. lxmeswe sif ita high 

iusg firsigs with 11dslimle-1xiLst' iwiusiss-. A~ litier gol ~, of sPesifl.* Ient astif --civl~ent t hei'soIl cssnslststivity. the 

sil-irtn ,-teei (4.7%) tetats-sI in th'ssliss-.0 .- uism- visiting ixoint itf a sallipper Isomr msirfaci' may not lie 

lteting giss thA.sils'gnstei loy lbrittle fuiismifrs: 'r -. fsew siituineael sisuinsg firnog exceplt iinsier very -severe sonriminisl. 

[Unfiertminutsl fill i-in--ilis-sis idsl.vs ;re tow slit imi is. ('silalier mid~s !,1 ;sunle~iltl soliwix-r-hulow all-sy-v 

lsritle is tos. I v- sot i~juts.r *v urs litteri sir s-oust usgs in winm (tsor 5.imsitolhe. ss;M-- rtls h , *~l vs. whichsh have 

tlw-,s.Il :,sil ha uslit issl thesir sis-hiiniss lasoints ore Isms Isiws exrselle-ut riui isisit t raslie'5 lmls- rt~is-. flisck, by S 

(sir ,sa.55' servic-e. baire nutsi-giii. th 1st. ises- :try stor-siirth :srss hnnirne"issto, 

Il'stenius-strdi s- :I lisur"it fil, e ssIlr.14) leImov v ei- shr-sisss~tj~ Itv %~"'- pqw 1irprs-ssto- ismichiiis, kritsa li:trrs!. :fit :sh-frsrft viigi~m -nb %-tied ýt4 

findl hr 

fle s"ig 14( iixt ist(I thn' 1m-sjestile of thr nxorkinsg 

Sils-linsssist. XCII (24 C r. 5 Xi. 31 Nhi, tI.5I C') issswrnss. gisa5ims. '[le tin~iivvtu-si-f i mtenijts tit 

4-msuc-sI titsels li-I te's s-s-t Isiv to)tlsrsisIisi.o tit iliZA' Cistpps-s- ill ril Iivi :isuss-.s 55W 0,isiiiusfnt 5t itt jxih-~ 

:st losk Isi v iw ssss gm-Ais t lsms r-sgisfi~r WI) MIA s gula 

,tr-eh. In the sisIiorde;it-si 4essissit isiii thIis 44s-s-Iml 4-si 51. 

is'-r isits tlltigy rtitoissI t lonts i chso~is -s t, or msily hi 

sisss,ii sir t tinlýtmti l us-rut is-ith c1ippsIlssr wiuo previ. 

C:ON FII)-N-ri %lL 

dbS

3m 4 

'KLKIL-rossi 4W Kbuiwmil% £L%14'T loT MI %Th.I IIA , P.IN 4;U% 114K3 t 

.w.44*v 'isa.jin t1Ai- nlr-r1 iam tAcrtinsuhu.16*. 1.3. e-ailiiui ..dll entooiiqgli'4imE ImF@" wam iquhastl with, a 

16.4. *I. at" I Me. I..). "-~I ourtki'1.g1 ( I'.. r~ fj.ii41 ill firi" o% Rainm..I .irife1til~al iiip :. jl"oit.imnu.fl ! .,mui It'"'e 

to-ot 3 :111 i. 1 .:m'.r #o ;1* :gim111-Mu gmniir mseis l TIlins (.111111 mofsi44 hi-1 ofu.l~. a "iit tri #of ire of anti 

vilflitin 11111 *4ispiglatt (.4v Awtqotiu.g f0. 1.2 and nimitmgcilg4'.. ph--folunits. It wiis 1*4imwil that Iswpr 

V)Zl. T1whe '.i-m platilier o64W.,usato, #w. lowv. bmel- *hmaiim frimilipon 14wrwigs 6ofte l samo tiller i'r~f 

Elfr .11 1,6511 j'Atmt.. elf rl.lirn -swirl~ (:, I~iKigIHiIln1 

3Iii6V! I i11g.1Y Iii,' a Iimil ill%~ I'arfow its I1 he N'rfo~lromil.e P 

Mremishi is minmmiuIi4a"U.' 116W,! irn . 

064 1-.1g. INl ~i(linmei1Uotill 

ol 

jIm pf. ,mtater so" eq-mmjmnrw 

il"mng iml~n mn~a.Iinem Klin ligrrxd.' mggg.Igvi 1-1.ry 4-vi-nfiring 

i4inei~t~ionI6 nos :1g1Cip~ i n bovmi s g,i in glut 

a il :11 11. inrt-.at~iI stqI imsrfrI( It !vottio Iv Isete~l 

Iss (mmm i.'cti.n 31.1.5. lmi~som'r. t:aaI a ,k.-riolmI ir.s,. 

rnposot t(Chi'plv 23). A rilh~i Nigoi' so( t.ilgqa-r ImsnIriega.-' lesmvitllllI it n irffiiflhisuri' AavihuNMt a h lso O 

1wy a1losvii41 iii, a outaslaU mti~mgil tot clirvoiamsitne ~ishoo-t 4-i.rmtw'if prilivV41M rw ",.n,.~mwal 

Iserellgftm- 

11 fir finic fin a 4-:iflTo .-*M marittes g~ Corn "hup~ee I n $Fhopi t t..9. im, themh. w .Upis"4.iim M I~n 

Xv 

site Anliiimii-vl :ml m:.k. Ioo -4-viii' i ltf.ormiaisIi6.o6 nmiql ui4-tr "v, I mrmd.. o io.1mg.', with I.rlmmimtimmmmmlmstem1 IsiieP. mimi. 

4ollelifinutming !1w rifling. life elf lim 41w .im..mmimmm gola1. w mia plnr mru ii at Iw.-r 

U~i~sgiriart Cuaimmg an un..' Iaa~ream~ms 

" 'Sirc uiiie ni14r-L~iat 

fosrungmemw intivnmim.l 1w lo fitherm id .'u.Ianismn..ttvia 

milII14s. ao mvitiostaic~iu in Sgit404m 31.4.5. On th lii. .11w 

Imtionl. frialos'% will fhi~li~l4Lt4l.PIgl. M2 in 

..ItempIe hav IiKm.i 1616616 I .'I'mfin ill :1 imlmltIii' 

ogwtirmaI that iran IW 01446-6I lot n ~a lout irn1 Ia 44 1. 

fare, tot pifmw't it rm-nii~i6mw r-n", It aw 14miler4. ggci-. 

111 iki id cthil rlrsmi it o-iimtitln.i r'mm11" :A airm'nuft 

niar::itir joinmmoimrri'% %lgeow.'iI fl4) jftiiprwrminort tisi6U. 

rtm4wl with A"uiiihr Imimrv.'f fin-d vois A onftemqwwr m1esiitt 

ter %i hich i niA% l i ait ll~ 4mv. fin.t-.~ fmle4. sonas lmji- nest Iant.ml. 

tot immitlenl- flit- vaxi' 4f c.iammiteim'pl. lt.. mism's. N~ettegg 

44ul .thole ilviml/4 trm'.l Iwom lieiti muvf-Apid.sm 

Other' IlJt'taimg and .ANova 

.finte m4 Wils 11.1111gim .'es4 tam,.wtI 1I6 MO-60 w'elm m nt~kg tsa(4'w I I) 

faint Il-Il lnitge l'it4+0I1Y fmreatli-i mg lgnamm til PENl F lot looim~limiim. zIommimmimnm. and6. tiltmmistmin .n.'mIt Meqwft 

y'i.Ie anf coxidieti~iZ Iniom .mor(:i4 64 nimL r-1114'iriox-o 664444 ot'%irr tHflnlliclsomlic-41 ult~tak by titiu xpimnar. pm.'. 

inain i4miiwncl' no, lmilmt'-vi'mii' ill piw'rfintizinvi' '"i'm' tha tiest 1146 nitZliv Ads116 cloit. t.mtoa i 1 .4stainorel. VF.p. 

mmntmratrmi jomi, .1.-I in fix- rnailm sr .~lmi4i-iI lli 414 a 'I ym ml fl 1 (-t to(s .m Iitalmimn the rv'nkgtiaoim 44 nmmmcl 

Elpi. 

O ne i4( file mn'ntns sPmmxjrtqn feir 1stv irtitmfinsg1 tIm. lain. 

mierfa..- a- leyia ... " w:tIltk filmm :.;,p.ioil te fliii' .irfamvp 

041niiker inicIaf:to.. thgat fle aritlin might Ia- Inmgt'y 

gli'iiiei-l. 

S,I~vsr ".livgI ;uwirp lx'r'mnianct- in h,.ne ta 

no .'url rionowil im lim-im. 'Ilk- nia:,mri:,I .w4-It- I f-i ir I r,:l It is 166 it 1img. 41 fior mir11 wite 1w.' the tiyI sleighmt 

waga a flmmi'rept'rla .n. %% huihis4 1 I'im: l6 int-mt i--fiti- 1,-csi' iim lii..noe wrmw Ip i-'ml iglt .4( f~lWi nicor a comn- 

;mmiimsl el WI~I~ I.. .iing pit * 4lofa Imilmm iv kit-j.lt I. .r lin,,,!?immm 41,46 edwoimtm-l attmark. 

~I~illt 46616 

Ili onlcr ti' ils-territiisic file. ,ff,'tv'f al. :it f lmgorui e'mo, innllar . I's szmm ,I,'.I. inl g'nioii rt-timtpling f,"6021 

c-raim Imin m the eni,.m it gift scim .g-0. if ploo-riam tylx' to( boit wimwn filei.of it(Il~im limwtul a.',y mi,4ed with the 

IRMOlt' willk a artion,4-i-Il Iam-.-.'empl M-..Ihnl nll How v~omml'i. 1 IpnlmtK'lzimtai n 6mti l r' imitis an t'ijiitatt. tmntv (54' 

1liii' gnetive.. toiigit lgr aim!. a . h.'m gnwi ism, m Insisi 4 t i 'm144fi 161.3.21I immti-nict j:1 with 1miuqde v-m. was 

11W Ir 14'- -:[.'S fihl.I %%ill iii t- fl. imn' r~i.;r s its I fig' o.1 .s'rq'. '111c lack mif unvirlment Iprtvt*" thb tao 

ifxii .450 glrv.:t4' l-for.'w gim.itm If44 nirmlhm it th's* f:it.j- Ii:,' vill. nutsl micmI. 4i.' n tiih ?(Phl(S 

fiin'slm 4 eYilii iv.IlsoIC -4-Am II.rmi,ýiop 65441 115: , 1 5144' giidiigii-iit.iig (200 % cioc-tknfl slD 4f iiitii ii ioI(811% t 

mih,.. r..I.i~ tI li- vio-'.m,:sr~ orrmj ~il imimz7.lv vvl*K-ll.- joiiiieti Im,,m,g:IIn1rim toj in:4!4ilte file' reI4'11iv imnfmicrhult 

ml. I'vmr . .,-.tm a:~ji.jI a4, V iiaIss -of t;5144P -,'iil it in iiiiig id ii. llt Me,6r6.416m6. ('Sca, 

4-it'mr. 1&:rnlI %% ilt1site lin.14irluli' fil~m." sI,., ? ti-mini 15g 4.1 'I. hk-.:0I..-YlL-4thv'imvlI.TA Nrt 

*i'li' sso 'of:m ~1)IM 1.11414m I~-vI lu4.rruI li,r mfe-imi ih.i~r m~s ml...-. .. knilm .1-ud Imsiu :t 41:1111 v I'iarr mnet.- 

-11.6~ ri-o'l l I1,-- awr, n. ' #1,,- J 4 srwmi.i *d i...- imigtimigt IW'imI. of I"11l1 til' g.hIIsI:4litg:n'I the 

... ~r.v.Imwr-~k. 

. ii,.r.i. Se, ~im-, 31.4.2. %in%,! .ni' g'\vii-.'I.q. dlw f,.ntgr ('rialeiiiihn

KV WW4 Ia.'Wt"o INEW IOItVIFI1W WIRS*D 

namem- Own~i Iwlte hile. huhilir mtilde r riawiioii Ii iiimv.i iwoml.e'w m~n .irr"j high. gI4m,1w'nratiuI" waxpit'a1QainedI 

M,?r. flipoinh'v urat n-%in.-4-vl asnd liii n1ltv nini ;ami~t' g witwln fiuifS it(~ .JIM- *l JI a$M4.i IAEIY II.W41u if$ 4-19-iau'lrI0iEiu 

go( e q,; vio ivaeifItii :1 111111-11 1viomtr n-S',ictifgi qbi thei to$ dientlhini 1iM. aiiilluhtW flaniiw 1441aImisnmsr'v db( 

IVIItari :afll.. lot c-iKri~l att~ack tha~n dii gran pnimvielais(~e. U'i-toi t1w iitltiig *ixiut 4o die mietial wim 

AeWL h *6w-tw 160w tcmpsrmolow. fth - Al - W"iiuiqI4 

VII.IIVr4 Pif&tw"tn #of the "ifr'9nim vi *c rn l ia iminellv'n,4. ir ovtunistn attack lind forlrmmI tIlm obi.. 

S,.I'rbI,.mlai,, midi irieliomi its Aorrauwal altlgik byv ,v'vvl leiacvz,~uw wiuvilv nval liart Iai'Cn "Pelwe. 

CONFIDENTIAL

111aalpter 17 

CHIROMIUM A~ND C111JM1UIM41ASE ALILOYS 

St-op.. n~~~ tlm flan.. twain .wlaaa~ Jdt.1 timq Iw Mi-pa I to 

14 IVA tm1 WA..ON i lar..im o llrattn trimal. I'iasr .4oe~ Witiv a.rn fi~w.neltoapt iu.-w etwp mu. 

'.i I I)ir"*M I in them. ,.earh AWat * Imer-.rfave~ iaolol: f~qwaupeiavuMuosat #ildi rafte,.e45w.slalwit with- 

. , 16qaI Ih#Wooiou uu.VI.. the virs". Pnhrog in .ae sl w ool Ifot-Plo~ari .&Mn oIthyptenaisy usanm 

Onto. It IuLA loveua fitrnsl Sikal it pow-vito" n-a.taWo" ralillwr Vinoa. Tiwmir fatrillwr 611-Ar4.pna v. njmaiAfy 

too fuwli~. ilmsrwo .r.u n N:1M a.01se ltatn i ,asis lj.a a 

wul ~ ~ I$ ao'rl.y emu~~ ra.iol-aan"4ta1w loy i.'.a4aaa I 

with Ianj~uvi tooi nrmnrnoe .4 ilaitiihty, iAuwirf.. 

Isw jDivipiug I fto tim. Unaison Ca~ih 2w1 Cazdus 

rri 

Rei. 

jimlio-3ta4 tiut in .ini.'. too IIa. gg,.a4til ., a xviia-1iner tin- sor-rrli ILattt.0 aitul lIMIS w.aorotuiUmal lhmit-lw 

taiinal it mwaW tlwa U se its' lr lnl~aal ill 3 AWTIfI Artllo~-T file. *%flai 4 )ntlaaurnaI. D4WNIMi.it#IS after I~i.ia~a I'd 

andltso Wit. flent thana then kn~amv. aut lruaIil lnaqu t.'aanuin o.L 

Aa .'x#IS,.siv jitvrajaitivfiti san live pfromayattlito .4 

flm istaiiiitiau wass urvolitlakei, (t tDivi4. I at the 

M - lna tim a lt~ , a . l1tv sa riu n I.ant wa l' at re oai. its . a q m ~ a a I'~ rit na iti r t S u n c .i 

with floo (.e v~vAqa a I.e-alm I tt.warnatc. C. 1. Wa'.. ansl timW 

pnowesna..lt its dlaa-tilitY rinslelta IvinI,tainvouIi vioiyn...tr' If nt 1%4-" atlm t l~irartivefew nt-ut4vZlyrinunatin ply 

sA Pusril. Isy g.hliarns .4 .41.onl :ts~ma114111 . io o ,4 %:Il. x a plzatitacols-adrronr,.aajana e wIo ,.iaw. a 

161 wwt.' i w hegwugitsar"J. Il.-tir it wzaoarsoln.Ia1a4c guavt. no re I~rt(a'.ti4an ,xinh4f ..yuawioga v~iemK tttA 

tiot it ucailel In-,ew.Jtaa tniatsosifaaaw tile ,I'Mirt toa 4 inartivitt. Miroit ra nsinatuiaiat#.4=a erugiitI* 

.l'rup, pitiw lirnasiniti (-w at himniad4lrinimiant looii :in. I'll "larai....a-patnl 41 01111 uif-ild t,,Atiual 

fur note:to au MWn liner. anna.s .4 tlm. plante' that er nose md g nto flly altered, 

Later?. mink-e .4( t16 hist-haaaru rlina.,iatim-Ianu. atlloit.. even tl hissoh lite u.rnrnisaloihax rvnsilo. vei. avCTry 

1itaut )atali Isee'n cleveloolIatmb twlo iistaa Miaalyahaauint 4eroolvI.olaa i.e h.N.an in V-ian*i 2 u(Uof bitr ). 

(urilnyaa foe li Ii.atM. NDItCl. aplicarrof fto .4)r 11.. ;uIlattr Ilaial faailaul1 lior I-r~rkinog. othic-b permitted 

pu...a1aliliti.iai. lIiawor ,aaaagei~al... TI,. (lijattax Caaitanvtimsty fil .e Istoir pi-e-. it at t~ack the a Ra~.Iige h . w4 

thruosita :I roontairz.t a-at~wist-m i I l~itv ivipon 1. inveput. ever, it wit.. CS iWient thaut RmW palate it-ei hade withixatmdia~ 

atpplit-matiesu., of t. auto ' y. *rt a4 tie, .taatingi Ils rnir ee aciiota .4 the. ra.L.. 2* wie! san the 

atliuvi. ttia1i.e Withi tim alwa- j, tnIatrr-~qI fau . IWo~ . went. raaIltaa'. In% 1ixW 1ruiee.'e'tIa'iaj inslit-atiaue of thec 

tismi'a: rAeunoiiaaini til. irons 25.. iti-la..lvimaain Us; aml aira.4. n4-W.tant prstvrotir- .4d thruntioum Wre to at.chrslanmiaaim 

1). iro :01. aaaoaJl 'looloaaa imla 1 aal.r. (eManal1 taliptisto I.. parrn is linter .opaitir rhorirusiuim p.'rttiunf 

t,, IN. Va't .,raa,A-i;ng( ma.. Jthu. geaoriv . '171. hoiw air, 17,1.2). 

tilit v .(te4 a - li .%-.' rlI~ nqa'thaut pii. v #1mw- for pmriner 

MapiartfloteI ina #1w R111a baaarra. :t Imoighidt visit a151 is 

2,11..1. In Pvan-r.at siler ri-tuet. Imart iviairat teY n-jeam,~ 

E L:Ao10% -r~ L.1 

ut iatartttiea- to ut he. arreae arltn a 04aa, f aa-~.. puts. Atm.i liar I aai,6 fear the thciaftlt Ariontionanu iviht 

&la. rualilsor .50) hitawros of'c,.aji~,taa ailieal-ovo hav I... mtailp la. fir aaaa looaanr-a-aase I -An. ufarc wat 

Iritan .aaaai. .ri pen. mitatitaa is, firitist fteto a.. Aaai atl-a afft)Ic ilaIt lv ira i-ia n %uta-ut.I)Aa :.tva tSvaoisna 11.2.31. 

ils-iral,le fei':ttir' i.- IN- act ailaktilil v tof ri-riaaaitim,a StarbI ti-ta. jaaaljaatiaI tlaia chlittimiiaa La cmiev. he' few 

raiaaaipanaI %iiila ruJiala midaa fa,.llii,i.fir avNia;iia.. Ims aiatail. t :t ire' ri-iaiant ta, j)i.,ak-jctj:a ave- 

Fiaa'laenaitair. it', 4a-o. siiiat lirahiilai aa. ,.iqvn.I.:'a~ ta-tail %"itl at,,iJAl,:t,-4'lajaA 1 aL' in thle 

! ji-je. ila~iaei-ita ana.-iaiaa %a itt-alihib jtti~vatnituI. ~.anip~le" 

Teita~i~aI t3si.,.es a~t. a \ alt'. l'r.,aa *aIIn. 

.I'-t. ., 11a-'I.u 1.- 41. (.4la..J * toos~ r .~ 4 

i,(at .51t-a-iar-iiiiiiaia, ]o~j)_jj,Ha :II a rl. t auL i. l ain..e thain did 

3t0. 

356 CO)NFIDE~NTIAL 

f, a~l.a. gim siml, aiail the eana-iaiaa nate' u ia 7o)-%4irearsaanaa, 

A0

WATER-nn - iS? 

$MASSIMI FLN4 "sm53M 

SILCAFUN\C TIML 

94AIS* 09G 

CON FII)ooNTCOIL 

00 

1W ,0C143OL 

StLM 

S~f S 5 0040 S 0 0

Slut its t 

h.4Il'Aas 4tiit III~ flal4.w . Kmv ,Latrw inar ini'la . th. ielt 11u. ,mrn4 if$it. &n.ix&4tarl. 11.at iwh tia. 

thoo .iiit-p1l iti Wto iwvr rI -ni-iut,ll-ir 'I titr'. mill pl Ito. migiwnr.Ils bomtfi rit4ntem 

S 

iCIMINOi JSV6116 U-14-11.4.w~ *14m Litter 4-~nimiuiI-lt,- tt 

ftl-I Iooter ta2iJ..wViq114411 %vt 

dinmo isthikmil il the.Ii..I 

allui,..ll t~heittriuns 41 ~~n ,, . t :, -rit- townI. i11iwarol.i411Nvmltit~~.4 l.ne 

rl41ru~in- IrIue-K ull:-n -oul II,.'- chr nomiumnxinm- fiiun.,aq No a~r-rv4 hit pu tht bv-krqmie tan ag-sa, at-ili 

Iui.Y01.1notI.a eiit.- a.1a tit-w thani1. fwir mi.Irtine r-hm ,.in s . fLtiJrAid c1nigwt*rik oqtnimtlry, 

. t lt-mwliwtk ihatU 

til). itw (4-r Atjini anduu -luuulr .in,rn nu*ItV ju1.iridti na. i 

mmmwairil .tu 4 nte.rII liii I.~Twoo :1 16w1 ( -tI 

W I.: it;1141V,. 1.14.mgillgIiit 14) l 10 1 .~ iA-m.. .Ii.-plaa.,tl t-4 1 p tit thalit IIK' im1n ;Inimjoliemv Im* rrwi- #( nitro-. 

I lse hliix,,-"t .1 n"KI~la. 1it . Ilk amwiirnlok .1i.tin jul Vy. *m-i pIfl. oinvIN,,4.1 iel.:.i'ii i-f~inl2,itnaltt-4 1 lie let, asoi 

Ph%.i4-31 pn"'Mrillt. 44 -4171 Uli uI.41jW Y ,t(4e-.l (1PIIu- ii fi.-.lm l ill li~ian- 2. thiesidt it. 4., Itoni.mparrd with 

A.&aivifilY ti4 awpyitK 16-0itsI ii. 1014 ii-liewr proollirnt. Figiirr. 3 anud 4. 

TI1C A441-41 li .4 d a nu4UVUCIiVC triWilti mtei 

0.2 ETHIODS OF l'lHEPAl M~ON 

wait mad 4-x-itil r..Nvul thffiRffh hw tw matuiilhly high 

sti.-Ilini pomnt (Ititwmin 11,111) uuud 2(11)O Ci u( chruut., 

Introduc~tion misn. Of tlw vinuqu,. rni..iIhlem trted.i~. th,'ro madei 

~'Im~ar 

nwh~uuL u~n-fapburdtlu heprejJirm"~i riicetromi. Ihbtl~in uI rnt'sia. t pmuved to lIm the tiast 

. ih the IWure 'h~rumunliIO VAui AlnIP1141i.,4ii.- 21- x.erlim4or * r. 

Wyoo.. ntanwl '. rnxdln~t anol ra-lintin Iivih-pirity P4Iork Mi~rrimmk~initi:Iilmn of Clihir..,iumi "riaoi plakueis 

under rioninfit~lh rnIiint.$iter lIn4 ttjlnt,.. it, Aazr- Ili,'eiray explftxttimtitt revealroI the prenr~sm- 

-seteri,.Iir. if(tI- niater2L..tan' hada. lt%-itaken thati mos~ inelmiomiun' (Filvirw 3) whit-i %let.. thotight to he 

iluring the' niefintt :and ra-lintt pntxvýi they wilotildl lie 

kept ai. Irtv. no po...iIlp~. . imptirit iet, that autad ll %-~ ~ *"Z N~' 

ert-A-P Itheir .ilstihorul~. It was tol I~that 4,12 .w uwuing 

arti 44.. raling ~. acuum.th ~d-, xie nitri~lq-.. andt .* . *~ 

ir-arluv-imeuntoot..ir tel, ril too ineu..att their brnitte 

"rpm,w we're kept at a muininum. ... ~ .: 

C42 Cavmmium;7 

A Ape4itlvi-ir t.4nrl in-irtwtinn furnuvve' (rpu~r. I. I - 

a. ~r'wtroulm afte'r it waol. lutifild tha;t un,..tL !.. 

Wory uiltý,% hrer firnh~l udtcn the mntre ch~irnp .4 

.rnturn dp,, %as. tiEavtiI : a ertti-ii e util lie:,i .' 

d-It C. 'si a - s. 4-rnt ,IL-arit .1.,. lie :r~,i . h .. -jr,Itt- 

i numct- . * 

ti.tis- tIn v \%.Idi.....iIm'1" i.rti~Ir~ the iiitn .It~ Vila. .it 2. limtidrsi-ttin. .4 .trnotmuni ",iitmminatvJ S 

.4t- V " Iii.n a i.3, IA .IvOl-psn Ntitt A-I' MKv.)ou-n sio 

it,ý I l- h~per. -. t~ .1.1 s, .14AN fi 'If. h tilov p l Fiur 

D-60 IJI 3 lt N~(C A11. 

CO XL* 

0IET 

(its)

frnan eiither t I I I le tie~gjit -nc% ntotoon I. wl.nst ilk ho, l-havtiir tof fsurh i ystalii ovumoevdnii dtmr.41p Nis i-el* 

i~trtral'pi~ettldirtuttim ietr uswi:i the kitim. ma- cally, irnd it wan ortaelksileil that whether fiuctiowc 

terial. ow (2) t he trtYrrn l;ii-kel oil, (n),1 rs.,ijII lr w ws nis ' result taimo the applicatiin (if rinmpres,'1v 

Trintotitiuts roatal wa"i ai Ve'ryeffective olietoidiinr whein (Emrotý swe ijilbliell nionnal Ni, sin iitalwlordrl pi ttw 

added'i tit thei Initlt ,. ,d111%to by a cuinotlori,..on the (not ii'arkinIistr Eltit a u-silsie plane (cruckingt ; and that 

,trowwrriiftioii't in Fipuirf. I woii i'lthat in Fogii( In- ttaerrfilon nloo oigifirsilt dlepree tf rwilil dutitity cnitif 

Lfd we.ighint zalmiot :911 x wi'inr prouticrod. 1wo mnirlwetl in pito'i'rn-tatllinit niamomi of purrs chitS' 

4% % o 

* /** to ~ ~ *~%;~ 

?/ ;:%.'ot 

0. *4.It . * 

rlwle& ýJirk - no cn"lu ipo tqtms4 .4 ýI-lwtfr daItmAnlu ufl 

W, it 

fly elc a rioipmtiiin 3 

awIt iv -i vey a ~ utorxp nim frit ip itulie... haatmlt.Aaszi4rnumimd 

Oxyghen eqm I~i %ies .J..t Wits equiv~qalent ha410. to; Ls thi lma.t tat~i' .,..l iill tne uarly aree basxiking t-t 

nalruitti n iaxiiet (ithiasi an *tsonIitt.np l rentiovr Allow anstii hnmirri d mu'igh h~ puriity were it~aineiid 

lhmax apnarakng iii.rtv-ftain aineirura. .'0X. Stiilios staring withrnIueni. 2.X. (iatia chikiiiii ajnthira ; Naa 

a sere )h(mu ubneice'tim (or nciing atijr was iarivij~nl se'r h andt lremtlion ofindii'islua wereso poore 

omih'trsip'is. 4ceftwio Iattl very pure e'ceptniu en itha is ninlo.- ifclx mprtcaetotepto 

owaften atntent. rattine tit) tittuheirnivthik. poifiiii.~ ounake goi itiles frion xti naearl. reo xieivu 

a chionuiurn side (Cdrt~gn i.iiw In an y attmpt to ni~t osat itirgeohhg uiyweesbate 

the slilxypn ansi. Iatherltyffect an liineas ino4 thetrtixyi .atn ih intcacl hnsiii u hi 

g en 0esivl '1y "hc~nst iian terliniiflmiia~ntsw iipeivrnitsiiiirlalntsastestptieteiscefp 

iat. 4:uulcs ohtfil"% tila ctriihlexitenlciunjm t.wa e.ta 

wit insitrsl p hadtavier tou, attemptst 

current *, livningiugn %wwinttil lw iifroiA 4n1-ikt hruuntih tit ~dt-l ha fchinin avn 

p~'-tý 4t (,fiiil-tieil i-hiraunliini. -Ems.. itf' a hih ritoil fitter grain -truettire- than i.- p)ýitssil with furnace 

aX I alit Itt aM-711t as Ilttin sigh taitgr trigties a t, i10 a fi-%v iotuaitiig roild tie lin-parisl, it m~ight px%.-e-s si iffcient 

n~~. a,fltlh I ia Arim i lain. irregtwil~ar ha Loi' I hiat %AuIi.l iliteit ii v. Thei %%;I,-rs 

usa nl-mgIiissh fit incluide a 

CON FIDINTl %L

110 auli'if~ltl (mr flea moiI+. tEE a 1,14.0 Model (('kalt Iim~irinfsi:,pt i-'qurinmiiti. 

11ith~~t .Ic.uVilan 

a vlaw 

opimu4iII 

lb. asimplw. Tow wig rWaptjflg" 

'If ax irornsitm 4 &%i,IizvI Ipun. rihflmiojea tooask- in 1146 Y~ ~ rqpo1oi h,. 

worm. finark~all,' low their lpilcIlr 'ltirvl..prI ruiliaul le.p a.i a eU ct4 rly in If*. mi . at 

rwwlI~illi 11 , eat .inn "mm in rbgain. So andi floor toor mblnmi "ith 

Vmin wruketnoplet;,tbrh( 

"AamIow.,. 'of tlhe "4431~, V"O, 6w riii Ahink. Mrnwr ln lb.m,. 

sw 1116%, Ito. a *irksgiw., e'titeiu .4 ! -A foirh extrnetithdo allu,w1. 

in., If argil 

suI olir n lie eI lcth I I n limmillijns 

(elitu invol. 

fillt file e:2nv.W, .% tulle rirpsatiird a&~ 

73 C with a mirmit~ thnritptv id1 W dimp,fimit wan, 

LI9 

Tifilem 

-- Irieli.. .Anoatlor tillig, which 11114l In"a mitu.ergr anti 

numuig' Motor clmdiwtle ) vt roncirinfi. iii-s Aenuk into a 

o'iv-1 tulve nuni rilfrnI. %I~lwn it wa.. imWel a.. a tiner int 

flu- hruvv NomumI it at rniliegor .511 lgnow-niug machine 

gut. Srwfti, II. Mgt" an 1071iitgtifailaf rrnkae 4lCe-r 

Ifit aol 

anFltuwfrtitt1 in XMIlt lt.ep~ri A-1tt.1i 

w 

1CM' aftlier.t~ a. Igin lixgilve t la 9ttcuLr few No impr- 

hinog' ltwnw.. m f E~hiavetl livhit'unlinglrtrpol thge 

rAw virt no m thimi. Iw however Iaat" ittefltrt .uim Iwe(&t 

.m li rto. At It.%.~i.~ h oo -lrgw 

ohm~,,m in k.1 ton thenn~ 

rot ~ igr W 

Thu. rtillf-"Al igt ingaflefl 4hiom#qI nlip imtprment'g votu .Appaer~ifttt 

lin flt.Ilh-ml~lif ti,ootqh 

t- at ronii fill, vaeittim. froltiper~t-ali" nA.inix 

"mittpetnif rhoilwtsam-. 

vitfi I~mpr nflt.% thimpo ftivideo 

ism .liu%%-n 

in tfe int Fit~tarrt.I. 

f~igmaree Tiaetv~reebpr Ass wall 

ilwate 

the eane 

:taniat. 

fit 

it, 

Prai'uite 

prrpytranit 

a1 iictile. 

cananiittm. 

floit- eionmtiuem 

pertiariralfr care 

in uarin.-i~ablut 

hiall to be 

soutiagnt.. falcgm 

utr. in 

trnewmwialk1 

Atmltallhnti tile mir'b)le tardl low meltirigi toi in-o 

frint 

1 thtltr.' wvouldf ute n. roratuion with thi. moolten 

noteriniu. Altnualiam eniqihh'eo 

Tim.111111. t)IA1ontC~n-oO% 

were frivol, but it 

or bo0109 

was 

fuwincl thaot flip , mefiv)u it thei high temuperatuu't 

A mrettplorineit~arr itauernticatiemwanspg;i girt-1ii lto eligt 

elmneherIAp'a 

tI eme intoi a~ 3nloalI lktyhlfia im 

1 if# riouin renwilaic., wriplierl 

zn 

%i itla mod avlaihenm shortt 

P"K-re-111fllenlral:'f-frlitiim as. a 

himha unir fr wImrt ~at-wt-mli *aanv ay m-64w a mttai'ta? that 

pnieveil ito 

rwvilfil 

lwe floe intait mlinimiize. tafcn. 

the T1sg 

pE"-illilitry atlbomivn,.uer naietvil 'f ir cox t.at rtfivitan 

iov inth,*t 

)0r ill. 

ion 

A 

fme~tirag, 

-ntma amnd 

allits-on(t 

t hei Averet, ran-tergra., 

erI: hirt lati 

It la-a.wili 

m 

a tmin hidte 

Aa,. prerp~irtl 

in tihe floptom 

Vs o( 

(Itle 

I hii'nt~izlir c"104h~ 1i :2 vt 

m 

pger 

4ip 

'a-tioigg 

1-i fii rt-nmanint. 

moild. 

i,. Iida 

The 

(V 

metal 

r~I:l I. 

modld 

anO clE~t-ivl):, 

thilled thle 

lv 

Itllct 

hIw:aittI railli 

ttma-t.ti~t 

liv allut 

t hlmm:i,auct 

Ilto li ptmitceI 

ai-. fine pri.. 

maraI grainq. 11if-a'vor, ;t %%-:i-' tminaIl to lee imaportant 

i14(,,for tlaetifi ti ,a v~, -- -0iiil E Ilt'E ilaaativtie Y 

* r tiatatv Owt Im 

luat llhal from Ow11 nietmn at thMaxaim.t~i:aravu 

:aa.tiutt11.4o flilear itig:l .li. Aniotvimimaiwtaiu oi. ta.11r41"1111 

lc aili thai 

ri'.uegal 

t to)l 

1 An.-a. 

for lI' al~iat. 

If chlltJing 

al .1114 

waya f.to mpijJ, 

el~l 

mitnaumj I 1114g, ;m-itaj-.,Ira np itgh rr'iar fit tivialo-A,liuhtt jg~op1.11.#ad.,. 

CON Fl w)FTt %L

aq Pill"UW V64W lg~ 

amilow. Gan. 

cmS 

emS 

SCROAA C= SNPCM 

ca CS 

CON&OL 10 PALIA 

Mom 

ow com M

ItI 

r -i.Jot 

_ _a'ISit 

*+ F 

. Aw mm-- riim . s I n!vIisXR o W 

%.a.7 MuaIwga 6- ~wsh.a.6q~m6. 

-1 .4..,J... ab.a twwsito,. owsow NI)Ris 

W-~ - bA--4 . L b hf . . 6. b. ,~ 0-ww , bwwo . . A~. 6. .g.~ CA. *d ?wow a _.. ow Cb 

heW foitoram ftaa Igraqllausl. sh"r softe resaistedi s an air hirk lu.e'nww the rnwhisx iada the moiing 

Olarksk. nYAlltrd. c~misalwa". A tihtinsm-or~lanions Gi thre iuwhir. whicib 

Thle f4*qlW ra-lint aaaaa&I to nAgtiml at Im"I~pi ad asimaal" lia nart itsr he pwooawd clot.? its rip Wse the 

blw 4..Yflto 5Yfaa j.(U r, "Itat giftilaaahar rusiaimus trawling auitak. elisoiatrola Wiens pmuaing. 

smm 1wiaalawad sith paralmol& inapaale .awfaarras. Tha. 

dinah-a' ai the loser ivnai-l (nowu I in. 31lii tae tatpi CSC15tr~ IiluRr 

X in. at ther la-aatajn *AJwswI 20 minm aftai t6hav l~iml 

Imm poaanim. them ra-lanE,.p -&er n riAqaIl fruan th A raaw now-tha ad plirtictrag allowi tialaaas. termop 

saw aal *me samal .. its as Air bimr a# "I Prlce-vrtitta pn 

nm~i stida WeAa. 

(lWU Fl. aIlvm th, u* f 6+1n rirea a m-iou Iaa't~v iglgicajim aRr-euf~!amb arlm.Woiaotith ana alkov of the 

ini oer l16lun " (4a~,sr laruheU.TheavaJ %laa rmaaswm. Mir ,nwlit..g Itutk place inmk- a. Ilr. 

__ tfl apina il n ";I- calralolt-o .- fntc~rmi Carta tithe (ollmial 4 in. in diameanter ar na if? long). 

Tito #0 M .aa9a An . a r~m%"aplicsoat- sidli t~r~~ P linrara u-jib xr-ialar 111.1caw-aaaas .1%iah. for .1ilaamrna 

ta .\n~m~a~a' 4. Na .a~part4-. -i~ncml toonrq aaa~ xilsale. in alve renter vd oilagabI the r~arc. wsin iota.. 

50-Noch&sl'a I- " cooa'n-frotaawuaaafroNlosth A tawo#lrr,. a alaar. 4lm in the floist a4 noatal paauallr. Timer tiathe was 

102- aa.al Intaa -so.aLtiai-ma I., ilm. Lig Amrv 'tMrautatalv a" thin, na.titetl at alamaat 1.2(W 14 1.400 

the aaama1 L .A~ Iaijl-1 f.w~a *.aal iaaim'.aaa1aamra~,. r~r 'All -.1 a'I"164-o avail %s&ýimm,~ Iuu' I "ii~ vfrumi 

fi. Ina Ilii- %a:a% ' ami4--1%ra. -Aa'.na put-. 

tons ad a'i a 1jaaaa a.mirik~a is.a al 11Y a.. l~. anawtI'll taafa4"I mat 

"- - --- fsaamm~a 

itaill. asamalar Ifa. itallsaaaaaav of ai-ant ifta~ut fatree. 

*t a~- a".---l a'. ss. ..,ua~.4.l t~ tataxtIlk, 'itc:arl~a itils.- tat, prasl I! fnaa.itl laive ad-j . the 

(4)NFll*:TI %L

aW.W .141'"II %L 

3 

%ý-itmotn m tiio o oft SM Io us 4 

:4W 6 toffa ' as#C . a~llC 

I'M .4dghrasrnWasomrn, --F 

I ) ILI x we . x ur's 

(4 2 W ) #41 & C t 

pm rauava u4s noa 

usC(Rn 

it, MhIf c* 4ur lef 

Mmof.qsaa.. 

l" .... 

JOU 3* . 

t I- .T.aW I. soClww.. M. 

%.- a...tp,-4 ..4s # 

*Fir ". otid ~ qm- .-. d too& 4 -i 4%$***'q5 

lUraar IUdW' I eMA loor. iottlooritor R Q w.aW MM amWO f auaad thaieaua..jar$ - 11,09 ta~am as 

r~ .ua~a~hwwh te mami.ia~~p~sa~a lawajmp. pla' it Ofteaal top hotw., them.X gaa 

emWm wMIOif~ 

dar~ing 51W 

algae the larnuma. 

TI.. expwvwaamf a hadl S~j lac" Carried IN-vtond thet 

reat diver raaaanul. lasat evckeaM k..flv (a the fuab. 

mooalpw yuw paW. !w fwha limpa flaw, proajair! wed forr 

maaoatca. -4avraI ooa limmltatla arraae~aaga. (wrna oa" ps 

naste' 4qqY aainaaa al; uN" noa mWi ltaivaupsu 4-amaaa. 

"alaaM 3a- savaalr toa hasindmat uhortlaro, Iha otam onasl 

fo-s 

51 

PIIVSICL PROPFRTIES- 

General Riotueuuf 

graa~titrola-t* ftowlarninm uaioo atmy. aradvsllps. 0 

awsl asatnafra. haea..aaawa as h. ma-"W4thl he,. aniss-qa 

adakastlaga. uoer? aJ aaaa in liar ease 4 ufarp-oizanvei-, (lmuaorium io a vety hard Mry natal, anwvnbllr 

tuap-s, it uaak agrsto lva waanh foan~wa'iaar~ ia siam Ito. foitmne-. -inis rbrovonife. a caito ple .o.idt d 

atwo a- a m.nvrs ad makinig Onos laivA- a4 chroansiW- ireane ziai crhaitnsasu rasataeining ejaa.-41ira to anvt-hat 

lusq* milajees clrosniua m oreaslc(('rAole. TI.. aaartai 6 prepaed byroae 

dlmaljias a oithat aaitsk 1walsaav a Furwwwag parpow 

(Jw cntemiut In.1 rinatiopw ,lra,,as lar saaa ist tflu-" jxawaforI Itwv r~cotrva~iyxis. Soua(a 4th. 

Pro"iqrn qa d 4dwelonaiaan San fisted in TzWl 1. 

T71w hwillia-if ra-enliaaa-.. *a-W mfiaaa Amasaitur O r(act...I hatl uesamapfM thea inveir-itian 

(Saartian t L2.2i -aigzo.al-aimi irnvt-tiL-aemsca 4d ma-a :i- u( Arionmunamaaa a nintrrial bar gau lincro. wam its 1.1gb 

6aph-1.~ ahionuagaaaa nrinaoricte. "-era-u rmonolort- uo-va. mdtsini swmnt. Onl v nina alflacr aaaa-tIlAa havec higher 

uaaa--ki~nA. sit h ranla.?. nirkat. ar pata~l~aaaa at. *'aloil. tarlt iuag pciesltiu ala. asat. nusa-aariaaaes. jriahaaae, nathacai. 

reant,- It %a a. IHa .g'e at hetIhat a1Cs-ailt1 4agaaNK1p,,1Iaa- sass.. naual% lsknfeaa. aa~atiaaaa, lia jisan, rimnjiam. anatl 

1a:alanr1. Aaaa1l . a. t.v Ihea4aa-i paaa-w a irsai-laas,4.qaa. 'laa- na-a .4 A-tersaiaaa in that. lu re Axle as 

wa.a tqs 1.-aiwo wah aCa ... a ti-al nprha-IsicaiIgrlaaes,. n-1:1tj I d Av sghaica tug. lsaa..a31' 4av Mcara-at*v idtiera. laha 

We# iaaangmnonaa. laaa.-d flu tta qw'tuva.- in nhra.saisag thet asp. 

Ta-t-.~ 'd _Ijrssaatits,,a ajaaa'aal a tifa."_ 

,6a- -in-vitaglls .401jNttA ItP-a 1111:11 salw asia-k ~ " 

-- ____ 

T..la. grea-. in. aba. Cow ur VA". t teg'. a.aa 

A-a.ilt ;i.II euias 1''ri- 355W Iailt.WINsta." A .. aa.~- .

Veinoua,"ee-I1~Sim~bo i.:.trwou ee.#4rittt.m. 3nI alvi-LkJnlinsm all rrv,.inl. 

4411w eruink-4e~.1er.1hli..j 111 'A."~. "4.im har iee tw .lmoolefwI.I. arr:,vnemsse, i. was 

3 too W.luruee .liljelan, tima 

\.olisim flatijji 

ifornaar .Ih~ 

gheie* f'lovitieeltig itflnIeLe4. tills. 6114r 11-w . 0 r nahl IntomwIthlie rew 1 eml that iol. jemipeeae.. (roan thr 

#"N. awel affrossiosoh %fa rmorn~l do~ ilm r~rmisw cenintwee- 'Ab .ee si~lsw.teui. It i. 1-6At-#4 that thei 

,ir m n ta o w al .le- n eom . e e e . i . ~ jo1 g i t , . w-n m ose~ ltte e dlo r u 'r iA M . m .s nwh oe -4. i st a #.t~ if n o ,g. 

hiIm, 964hleej". y.4vmt W.6 V4h I.I. I.-~r. 43.Ai 

- P1I It 13 Foe~l. 

*flee. ieeee. rieeivin mneegnlattion tue ,~tion. Tier teerlijei poseetied 16- allow. ins d .4w ithe. m s.a 

tif ~tutr..:18 WOOeu 11164611 ttlrngie tesf 11winin. . P.lew. 5litý~dhkfTATW 

Pop~d nabs 15hZ tiu 4 . Ism no 

trleif : JnS.IN tifita-d 4% o l-mintet.. o-n-i-te do -4,.aismhB tolls, Ieatu.w li 4 thatir l"WttuAs-. .4 theIni. 

.. nmnagle, Sim-a inst i it oe.Lir too rlin-mitime~. it closi l~n . (e,.ehuin. tjs'UW. mitnamI. awl 4l5flofl Ow 

few snratlf nIborfelemr, hish~mltuit nspmn -4 tier Ieuttei. s 

114"O" iff Im m nesrII-uil thrO 0 5emlieam. or 

Imerolool in mTal I mm .i*~ of( the 1 dv4rul primp. 

Wetema seo "oo e teivel OW Ih ew- ch.nemeet. ffff 1 5i 4 ther M"weasa weumu fortww frvom ilue ooqn"4 

eumiso .4 ho1 osn-4mity-ceem liumv neamoviraloti off tel 

Mleafth. In. "ta thria wqv.. valuo-o Ii.w e.esivaj w 

K' ee~"Weeuivise. Vow" 8 .bewfoo tofier i'i1 ,eIertuuy d 

I % e~seeesmexeer or Ow GMTv 6,4.wo Iviri 

*fm S* 

to toreune -he -- tra 

* ~ / ~ ~ o fmese oretih. S~ituo Alse' n ( f Ainn.' i . the numor 

,. I * - ~ rie~sse.. ian ,meer*iraiimu 4 a." ewm.e'e -&ai fit elsi?mumw 

aoilue'lsr pdaAIw ot-orjag IF Anr..eeefese at no 

I ~ ~ .e...." e'Iefitel te'eeegwvateei easnalel Ar, Olw,'te -im~rinpe .4 

A. A-- -~~~~~lo tieso tal a- #to leneeg zaleeee o erew~tla.ir 

attoo ewelieej frinpreaeuawa Atromso 

-d N Ii'a i. e,. .e e .4( i 1 -.4 

aern 

NU.CI.**: off e .. e..... 

tIer *' Ieee'-.lie. utter ir~nri and Iliv iatt.'-rjulJ oil 

0- mee.44 ins a ..-. ,aolfo 

CO'. I M TI %

VISIM4Z TOPSY% OW 1.0%ritlie 

PWI=l leeS.. Is~.-Im. 1 *16noee.i 44em~i..11= 1.... ]".: fll-* 11114l, 111 .t j,~eei aI-~l : Iiedem awY~ e. lots dwNi 14t.he 

2.see bdu-lin 

01. wlI* ch"l Mins m1thl~heeueu Ila I~iie q.l :114 Stha.ff %##m. 

fie msit$ v~ :11.41 sou, tooK In.-ft. a helo-io csi4m flu-in. -a. 

TC40~~iltif .4tie r~ri"Ifilee~n MI23 iorls;."on. 

II.. rrmmmmi~m :,e -i~it~n~.Einlsa w UI s~m. tlmbeltn*i lev~ el n. ll..'af Alo ri. liswes.4 lee unte. sillow. ie;." Will. vs.e 

gemluennifew *metllulee-e sengsm.ee12aeIgleeremsm 

V uale isow tlepn 

,.e.tI-nflei. in5IiI is neailng 

Whium ii. Laitrs wae. frm. it wais (eeemmeel is. in- .Iaill i~sill. we Mlaelsliom. Mleoyee wisih tfme. rniliis Iete- times 3 to 

quit~lwttl~aemel5meee~te~el 

Iv h~m0mmuemmleww~w'uI 

aelint~.ly~isilweft" utx~sk s.too 

5eis Ne. fale.-io.n141qtelv ce lo1v griieelillyg.ll 

4 

Ik K~s~dneiitiolaoseJ tinwaneI 5s-wousiAme an rz- 

Tin 1m. %soe t eewo -eem sgeeee its 4,eAe thisa- leueiiliv 4imeeiv 4i flar )*-.I it luat 114 f itaeC otii awl~elg .1 

tlifty . Iit( he 4induemmmg,, (rem. iho- Ieei-ttooLioly. iiee.,. egmIma~ jisq Intel ice se of eeacI~. Miltoyst least Vied 

ti4 t,1e4.t 'lier. mrfirsoiteeee. laoiI4al :1. a ,e.ueee.ee ie:.t noeeaill". alegneelmlel to * fvtelfaietNq*leze 111:1 leui 

.isforeauesit 13311y ruilisonL64 in anothele *4tler :ati up ills- %ewk lmonviseo. T1M. 11:1 sliuor that 44iVfIAVN 

s1mife. pilarfir totap. tIlet tfqI! Iminegtiotic . lea'4 11w istau jsre-firalsle.:4 .h stite egimmcm 4L. Pindoloos 16-viueeaegmes 

rivqe~sesl m fivers owl of . p. 14 itkng AMC ebeflu weeimelw.el nifr... (no m i f~tionm.r lo N solithinmten 

Tuuseelwtevisa reisuliis 

Aieel 

(atmmnh M~wwith. u.I~ie. 

fr.Itlilg 

opyp imatzealliantlmcm. 

igeen-am- iea leritlkieewe. lem-vielote thims 

l14egaforking c.weiime stoml. -4. 260 frfrmorel %e4+liseg . laseomsmmefne t'Ilo. InY ties-~4.igle 

milks0 e4,e'eite.,aicmmumee iN1e6e. 11. pus Mn 'ita*. od aeiirvi it* 1491%2th. ianto-. Miai u~i~e4Jmse afleg. I'w.. 

flar allie5 je a i.asirwunte f.,rlteq ils in-itoru~wanevap us n islamaree v13Ie-c uglicele iti-it all i-11f 0.11114MA 

ism Selav. awel (agi~ng aewn'uere tive' affi&. liaeeijlilyItho-ew ie. ,ee.in.aeIIli-of iit- wei-ilingi leg! elecesm less 

Ow n4inissglee 'h-.me.,. in.-.m.4 gvitwe.. S~e..er aIIo in- prmieen-il (roosts nllman Andisie.,nt~i-est maiioers.es 

polos. ftem. $4e~ Ituisi. in lonenths. ltg.mimuma 13,411. distill. .%cre''le m1muecrm~mma.'Ie~ 

1'IW of the. Issotejee :&ael flu-'in. of Ifee IWeep. stv'n in- mrvi' mim..kllu lti-ernee a.. a pemhismerevnalterialip Ie flat. tI eK 

Peteritc in e"jhires~cuio-lItleellseea in wvvý'e semmude (nooee, Vis$ o. emre.,.I soe ,eavioeel". titfor-to. eqr jwrhalis 6 lole.iminem 

PCA I 11" etc-e ;slmel (nree" 't'en.1isle'nmemt irnn. Us, 

minket~r6!-le'ueeAi rtie-tmei (entawe useat mba'S 

1ev n'm'nrifisocil in-ceee41tfme (1cetioen 17.22.3~ 

1 . 

lime ermwe uit uika irls the' sile eeml A fir. N.ewlaomi - 

awu.3"Vl X. uIe INe~-aseliim ruliesselevres-ae..I. I- VIe FlIRING TI-,%N OF' iiNlRS's' 

ieei-weorkA at .1 tooeeelmntmeei' .( [nom 133114#te 1391 C. 

.% u lpin orsac u film~pl (noe." an insised tof Hai* ratilsoie.l 

lttle. Mat Proichlvhhmt,e-rte 13-c~mw~711 fit I I1.5C. 

lims efe.. mtija elifiYni,'wasllow~e neorgeeeesiiatiose WrwI 

fin-el in, ilee threm. ivixeecet(rndloin- .;A) h-tie~l(s pponeeeir. 

jingods .4 thme tel1*r-ive-.L1'e'1M tnm"e..geien %4w m.-ri-slee in A-e'tisoep IeLZ. ,nwi 11.2.2: tieesrevoo'ie.-ona'.tete..Mr 

(meegi-l. Wsit h %IrM (e-W eorf:,n' c-rmek.. ('esm-.elm. itg womn. t1w k'urvyIwm lern 1 wo-beiieee ppin. ass. te-I d fir- 

Milkii IeMUl' difl~-11ml'V IA-1 teee'ee.eM,#ew.is. W ilthm r rni.sf isnIinese giets. .%Afetiet cremisitsrimoee id. ties- n-ilsmal 

HUIM--lt.#. e~e, Gor e ulms4v ew~i te iyvismeie-atin-e e,'.4 eef t lee-:t.1 liimaseg tessA 6 mi~ts iso if-14-, --iieov tIlls- atI "fill oft' 

free.. I 11.1 Ieo I vqel c isox- n~eacini.l. C in'11.eee-n-imt#;m in'. iemelerteeve. I lls. preeqlo-flt 1 .41fcc nfle vale.s p1 menhle le c.-(. 

cta-iss-k. .1ilnkinlsI1 Iv e-umm4e ISY l6ee;~itigoelie,;. teuc..l.* l3fm-rn-epltie~s nxeel- lidsI.. lollooleetilme fl is'Iieiei in flee 

.f e -. 4 upl mat mllme rssewvý .d tiar Wme". eeeel..lm~'. I Aec leev~n'aee thi- -.f-t~t m-aim-4-.etmif ii.eiflnsv'. 

ee-n?.L ~Ilelst in olt. los Istit .' iaee~. flu 11ii.- eeIrmgecti ent(lt 

mosostlnsi, me-s.+ mievitoweee.I is tflu- wrte Ismrn-1. Ilivivroeel 

Its".ris.- eel thme... Ieir~orr a lre~lti-.. l gnmetmr it emS. a raceog'.4 'of eeee-leee haietm -4m1frwi-ilsi eiem1t ilis It$e 

gimel Is# ger eesmI . rlereie~miiimee-leeam' :eIIo.v-Ot.si..- elm,'.. em it lsaooolele- I. .ulils-c-51se.-itln ecratkimes 

CtA1l)E T ii 

51

~r.WW'n1 *11PrNttWVlt W-N%4$t %~L&A 

,aeb~l inivi enon~tingflor time .w"w Pfluleaeee for .alornk- 

194 ariation of Costs lneition Ailin linens. in th rum .4 o madtima-gou 

1110 tirol liniew teat' wiew .4o lumen.o (in h..'.vi loiar ..e.dmh Cr~acking uwt4po Iwtr..tre )I iwlptmng Sit 

e$..'o u4Mlrl ( atlvo.e of t6. time emmkupwu.4jtoiae that 

Wa pefrx-rilo" ý-o Well ht vorg.6in vwwli-f#i ,r,..(*Vrinitial 

14llawii ..tre'mw ul 1tm IAJU3O t 100,000t)4 I m the 

.ese smemaetd w' euesdm Inp 

ltinm 17.1.2): 4RK'r-2WtI.3W. 5 r3 5r i.W.-l-4., unit u ith file relative'ly thamins ruft 60M~. areineafuing 

tEE 3-2Fe-t5Mm. Tix nwie~lt, igmian hat the al- A4..v* hail its lIe "ink ai the me"uili of the ImeaL 

hire popoaewed gotai .'nooione wwwelant-t andl hail pad. ilir e .rv~e uua aie .4 roaaam Xa. 17-22A moee4, 

ilregirhihlad~anlnwnameltingpintI. Crack- wimieb Imst.e.r higb.4faqwrat~te utnrgth6 

ing it4 the liiwrm anol emnawrie'laim of IN.. luor. were tham ..nlinarv Elms oitoi. 

the pritoipal raun-P of fuaibin. The tEE 'r.2 51~.NdaM j'.yragj. . the ,uanyuu4. ReadS. joaidamm w"a 

rosupiwittoin WA' theiee .aA41 tjoete. tItive t.".we.I in teliv'i~tre moeolyAirmun Ewwna (&tinn M3AI. a two.S 

the hemvy barrel. Thsio Plane rooaadn,*ua watt m n Ieh Pavme &P~'.in ~ to4 timelir S~aw onpiuaetbm GO~r45F* 

in te,.t. in 11w ernu*.n4-wtiulg *n .4 lintr,. of the 13Th.s wait jmwsAml and iWOW in tahe caliber .50 

eamti Kwsl rv2.SFt-15~.N ti~Kr-iFe-13W. anil mw~aim-eoo itig spmn with dooledafr-lesim ieuur. fla 

3SK'r.4Z5Fe4Mma. 

lierumeit(114tr xn-jts'rdiu'ilit'. allh.'.ionatining 

wn"lte. wern .Iiosaospoitiau in that lomngtudinal and 

ri'in'umen'ti~al ere 4 r. vk'm .o,.enI in the 9Ma 

Mdiuhlliwao we" rIM4441 inq a gm.(e~n'wa to lime Ising- tintn.. 

oa%4viegain umost anol a atew 6a tfc.'tt to 6h44enaune to a tWA to .heteminu wiwi Iuwmt. in firiag pathe 

moiwt fzavumWraiaeeniapstiemiin w iin.l.Iraken. Thusx furnmwntre wotil liee .ffrrtetl lIre oupewting the lin"r 

tvu tit-t.rmint-'.lto lie %if hintflmer nntir rrtm.entrillby with a Iuaerking meaterial pb~t iam high delentedthe 

t'napaVl)mstiKr-.EFtIOlI~u anal tiA)r-25it'e tem'wnmratsmrr oniitrs.h an anewelily .AMA prewzwl in 

Win~ un the Imioa~~ .4 tlme fiAllwittit realtu of tIMPs: whirl% a litrui i( the rolimpoihine' G~lr-2$Fe-t351h 

1. 71Wusa~..hm CtAt9MJO hWTW41lm 61111J Willow SWa aOaPPISaa141 4- 2 dfen''ma fsu (am M ODW .f thel 

l3IFe-IlMe Sih msat~ tlsmetih. id the .4amarumiti-lot v riommponitiu., MNOO-mW..Ome. uhmunm into the 111111 

shlore, temeti'd h"d Lui~ffleir'ut 'cmotiua re'eieance and retainer. When, tesrte in the cousler .30 erostion-testS 

oorlmati, ing spin with tlaamials4woe powder, a total ofl M1 

I. ThU riomapoolioeaw &5Mr-33Fr-lU.u and 35Cr- rw~nonL wn, tired. Ihe troll wal dliartottlifod beerawa 

llfft-I&Nlo hail intoiffmit.ent enuqos truqaanee. al- itf xergsive jmliresvisor rae cused by slight co"Mku C 0 

though the hareineesamo xind etn.gh werr nearly siatito- andl noteheuaing id the potorfain. T7hio repre-ented the 

fartose'. Time latter allu v hall Daren heat-treated toa gria Ir.t n.,malter u( rimmiala Powaimandby a hnomilifl- 

I irmlnetos. of 13 VPIN. as oitmor.~ted vkitl 434 fr. the xLnac Airu arviewntdr in the torvoia US-Aist gug EUA 

formeor. tlpun elwninxt..s 4 the rett Diuer there wasa 0 

3. Tiarroomportit ion &5Cr-25Fr-2DA)Mhald alootit the evioleaee 4f attairk Im the powder arxst lbut ecrakinit 

,.ame terosio rt-4,tmnre anal 1.ightlY ki-iu~te~r Atrenxth I~nd goittiig if thelextreioru~rfe wereollotre'ed."Srimtn 

thana tdX'.-25Ft-l3I5Nuo la 4t.. smuhinrulalility wan. If tlww.. effcet'. ran IN.v iwn a cra eirtiOn of the 

monae 6e% thana that 44 tOle latter, liner. is ha. 1rmeyemol the arigi 44 rilling. shaown in 

Kai Ar~enb~iv Variations . .thillogh hIMP teat and theu one tonc the idave-type 

44 eonofnieti~im were nes ,qsrct',aifu as far da method 

Sinni. the tee.i nmisl prtinoii,.su alhoyr eomupnewtieanuo of inimeraitm wi., r~iea.'naeel, they didk prove the high 

fore Kimn Iii-wrxeen- fie~iame toale Ike Frl~e s.. omern. of( rr-zi.tnve u( llwve cheeamiuiln-Iloct alloys to 

6iOC-2.We- I -1el~s. liner. tsreion~I fpsin tim I ass alhomva poo tier' ra,.-.. , m-n tleo'. fetn, .iouble-loame powder. 

w'rM give" exitt~e firiiKe u le 1t"t.. f..,rteir e'eniloosai. The. 4-imohitim. bena man-ian merevo Yerie in the ealibev. 

tioto peasir'-,em thx- gnat,..' miteilitY, laO it 'jri- '4nitt .50 ens-ion te-inx tuen that a gunA M laerel heat4 a, 

tilmeIiniWmeoi janittilt :r ofl nistlylaeeeemin too unhiurt woins eoat a fte'r #selr 90) roiaula 

-.effieie't e'r)s-emn mr,'-t.jew.' cud .frewgilh. 

'lws DoimipamI:l tmK Ni.Tler idOtOCh-o orn 

tile flifrigl Istal weax leimitiituiinal rrurkioix. A sqrinal 

1'FVMN. 

14~iam~oNo-io rNrra 

.teaolv y* %:e noni:.l. e im.,t= imiep"m.1ein fm ime Fliere. 'nmle r.MIi.. "Kii t,'-t, tolilfcornt northeal,. of inane'. 

l`-niiisIUA 141411ii 010"'ew gi% e'li e 84iineanieeie,.4a,..'Oti ei me~~.. e, ~'mel 4le line,,. i, "failte'r .30 liar- 

All, F lI)AnTIll.

111.e lineer r tvq S ii. ~idi eI~eei 4.eI"ulsiel,~ 14ale 

0is&. te inirnet .5ithtl (ir wn ' (.lrnaj gifs o firin file 

1 linuig M.s~ pl"Mit. Nul~i~vilx.N' illtfa e4,eire w fere u 

%.%Insomisiudat the. intas" l woI-re lae. eiivt laws thiW 

1 

111)1 wax d io"Ifif CClU4 INV-ft'rewet #4 f" i ept a ftei i c. ne 

rtntar Iwuit m-C~e~ tr tats Conlnev" alsz-vir flisp 

~-F'* ~c K~I'P 

9 ' ~ 

t.j %I 

4 

04vn strverp list- initil ,rj-"lln eeiM 10 .I3 eel" fsoh 

iirrognis setrnifiro l it taieuiien hads ae flevifr niten j.. 

~i:i.. ~ rigooa umos ~ t :.l 6of i ,sicxeiu after .hLei ,uqneb 

* *Knnl iueu*:t5IN off~h Whet als %(~ee limit liey 4100A ittl~e 

"rNoi.e l~sitavertweaioeln t.31solthe 

we~tiuaaqo ines ee N . 21Stdite Serinert in.5. 

S"N" niXag Leee aamg&w 

.sse~~~~~~~~~a'~Wi ute-.)as mcus ks h 

un~ilca~whes. set ..n. beeee lut t.'.4a... ies. 

Krautdl tsi.ms inaxitUs offe 

a~as inf4ne llOYhu Ihe lu tan feetl pnsotiv 41rnkae o 

afe thelo us nie neaernther ee(Pili Itai lic. This ereffereneet 

tiimt~~~~~~~~~~~ e~j~s s.astt.. l1s4"t.e d ineheatee 11Wa.1s.i1 that thee. thaeejanj~e tatle t1,ineee ineih 

iw t o4i wishjr the fiin of'e ti-t linm4O.lOsI. wintdlirt 

io. KY..C~ OII-10 jnX.e~hc. haeustatesi lnenertha o X . hf 1te'llitse ate.prfirm 2453) 

appou.st a W Crow .ina Iltt( d tts o-e51fl A.40a.. lhst too' mliiai wanst dicervi irl ihrin the ifferh an ea11w 

4 il l."vialorisis - roiume aitq luvist twoU4 thoroft~ k loomineu ofer fur a iunpsaaes w. m fur l le. sr 

ret. AM M~ wiarthefl huffil.~en n~ firk a ,eweeseeslial 

vaiwmwcvl6lk. a~wle wra. piat th inge lee.mas. ylin-le afe ie 

f ilnio I fifr" 

eltitl thatetli ie.tnies a v -r.A1rem Iseasip el luet 4P(IENI lITE 

i"tOOOYupi.ati thow a th ~ teelv F# sif~. the.D wisnIhav OFlinit thll1I)thIUs eALLOYSn~or IIS aloSifr;s 

10, KOWie1tl hi~atIntAairt. N.VOesl 

I.Trnhi-ecmt teve main.~ 'eSz- thanR ,th stERIALtoomprii 

tam thas Z F-isel IT i. Ne D~CV( 111ott AimieeiiI thattlt~ did lost cis ofr Suiritai visc a x-n 

(Seetiem~tha Ffiringeir 24.Si.tir 

%.a. ionpleutAhiWtatth 

bavrely *neerfa the air. l t lel thel iithe In-neair leepa. Tejeietwe.fa ielesse ss-tettse 

tettr00run theý SAWde I tie g~t 36einsq ti ui t ealynt r ehircAeMi OFeie ina~ 

stafeirnf. wajoireunl ' e sr ineeratitman- tAS MNrtinen',s. 

l&viner. e24.51. Fulhertnor laite the reieepeasitieee that the 

~ riihe 

CHON10 .2. 1A ev ALLOYSi~ 

barrel. jiras of' tee lockenf o.i ~2. ahrdtt lit eet r. ''ic ut ltvivrticg leiaftan cidtea ehrsieluni.Iil.-. mate.w 

21.5.3).run twhh powder gaee n olranier e~ktoeulI fully reel har~e diesnitoo ,letenicon n ie deeelv 16.2 arlen rev'ieweud 

Mw -rthey aei 

5 

enteatA ere beainslrtingtwit -eat 

eittthetivfitore 

linr to e o lsei f aslie te.4 cain, tile.,sI etuvi-i4) sisesf thast. 

tPsdCiiIii.f sliwsuýesie. .w It-own were .1 ' ste sr.,,...4 li.. (W-cet 

esiiiii ice theirnas eeI'tao 

eetc tei p iie lnriiie i. 

tslb. 

pefth 

toast 

lizi... 

M .o t .ti.i isist iir, "iit 1e -111 i 

.4il (of~ 1iinkri No. 17-22A~n ste .. 

. rrnif t 

ve tictif 

Tis.tw ti 

is m 111ei inah poeeints theoan.'a the ti l ate oyhres 

the' e.,s~w~e~u., .N..w.they' .4the 

ermeh noe Atjehtt itityl his v tihy aniee that o ptreirJ 

CONFIDEINTIAL 

41111db Al

Is( (liaimr? .1 6 aIle-Ia"109111eqee.-Ilirel :e1e jevit Mý (-o 

gonm o4vt4. atWI nm eeeglt" IV IN is"-". or ill tooijigvi' 

Feirther ID..eve-lquoett 

2.1w %A a v4,f 

14 "M toom 

thsi~y-m a 

im 

titore. moazfte the-Grim~se Fims.% Tcw*er 

iinpithM- ~rrom &W Moves All h~igh Isone" t u l oiwi se woe off-e a '@ND 

11ir n feeuelemn tlnn i l tn'n. iv ml... 

gn-1tv alhomgh he ffni o( lm.x""tv 

-NMiwMSIK 

elilm.3ei 

iKWn ti 

I s~t 111411" im aIi' 

KMA ta iom.(i 

thattie haeint rInte i too lo wtw 

lour iwnrvaee 6. .4...4 oteewwnor fa It%- ties Isoere.. th ofer"es " 

.iqeaae..uwi. l1ii-, thowiiml An2flw :eg,164ee leia ntaeeianl Jim 1suideeg oses fnr-d4IK r.23l't-i1i1i awel I~Cr-WIF`1` 

44 Plo o ay imrt 4L% wwau a AJldd rheeiting of trh. tr~eeI.irwl ii. the. mfiistv all miw.r.t nte.iorlinst 

getr' with Ii e'I tI iaw ei.e4 pewtkv 1 

ouelfwc. laIn 1'1 n-imei Il1w. rellioye nn- ielsetiger too wve~~uwe e 1 ~nyItee~n .zt 

..4441ete* Almen enou! proime1iw'Ieeauenn r9msi-,415': lent.so 

the eto~weo leiiael. *eieee* t1w itemditig loesntan- Iifi lih 

leutli. l~w m~rlo as it-o Ilse thrroei might 1eP inI'"IMtI ilk 

iiieeiiglt teoo Isn-vtn lm toheia.tntit o ea ou.rfuee Misti wiei' fue lge. ideif*e.iiaIwe.m"~e43 

abwleml..Ieasape iowelet an- finml. a. eseilare. ill, t1l4jie . ...ieitel-e Iiula.I IMjl eie iaejuaeId e2 13IbO Iwifli 

tho- nty ts lt- I- -~l ~ti-rin, oo .4-1itrin " i wav, etL-e int, 214w s 4e~.e~mrfilueeI at t1w 44"1 eel Seq. 

t~m .eeil m' 1 ee .. eee~etiew ee 2eIae .t iN tec le. 17.1.1 nmen tim, 1e4., "eatlk laie mattle with die 

fluriial n-4-tneen whink infnewee Itee intlen elrwlmutn 6 agmetelullt~ u. e3 ~h~e ew~ e 

the.in awMotto vsme.%" . hglI" -lloi) gn.r M& /losl tr i 

~ ~ ~ j~ad. 

bW 

ooi"=l*t sw~p aYO e4MeiAtil te"4weiwqb ratiewe. stsppavtima,.1 eel tw alie~. hmausnaowtal 

Imeeeiolhee Amoen "estw11loeows'.e at t Miim; Carielk tend 

111f11.W~tt. I'sitorr~wrri.. 

It le. im tltion .uroleee thaI, tisr mle.y iliejelly theit 

,ertiisoeo, wemikewee.. ls ice. elite ' v. It lii c od2 eif ~. 

weakuroe. it lewo laeii loseellel tern sotak.. o.eaaewAefel 

eidiWxvU I.ii wo ... am elgeeilelon in ? 

(arloste Hewumro-Is iLnlmortfoipso uie. hat uiilicat-el that 

tler alin fi r-23le-l3.Nl,. ine %vry ononseeil~ile to werk 

lulminknitiJ. ~4jne iteM pei o"tee1 twegwem. 11w oeliteilltir 

,wnu-- lo.an aty ecllrtv soileedng e~i itnti t. it niat 1* 

lw"-dolt tee ouri a elremoimiamrn-levo mu.t with highii 

4 mlion 17.131. In jeten onmge'.et .not cooli t:W. Dmeero mtr hantngew In S 

Other "rewees tiert tiaar tie. nemn e to( eel 2 r wiweri-lanlinitiin It ieeeo.ae.isomalek. luwmwe. whwllwi 

ideial metatetial: tec Lircr lermnelnent eleange ini elisiwe. t21w Iwthonvo-meliettil neejtnoaw. eel awh an allily smuua 

oilemeo tgte'eiele'l tha~t entitag tIrim, are. at ros'ee ine .ee o .fieni-t tevn after haleat~eing. 

peetmaiwn ek-f~eismwti m, Me nisteewer. leitli otnuik at .%ttee4l~g lotwi~ wny iel emloainins a untid tlinitike 

eletnteil teeeelmaetem.~ti eselt in ther a~.ir lhest io Irv Ow w-e eel a fesarath e4eoumtt. 11w- hivuieti- 

I5.Nlee allowt. ansitlesxminitiol Aeewl i i'ae ;m mihn catieons eel #I*. i4T #W11ee tiersstetnilshirm eel elifftfrwn 

eed tirn stil V211111ipsun.w iOe INSie U1114t twee-timinee "'I litlwv issfeenueanur' in goetwral wceesll lam. tin%- emo~nsln- 

5i~wt. eix. In eeriki tet kiep tit a sitiniiniiant thw iiitiuitht eof 

Qrtisc Pieoweown". tectee Arlesslel lIne' lgeet as, tIler eritetijee el ieeo( vnwt 

Tier raw nucteriel fin, 21w allstee- ioe itililele. in 

emaeliciteeh eoeanntit * . 11ee Iml- IL-441 let jmjenei. the 

*k %id~ee~wtit inilinct te.... noe rne rnnwmtlcl in 

,ý4e-tiooqo.3'.ietlrNcei seen m.temi leh 

%'eIe1tKeiia~~~l4tere2wegklilnrettilie. 

fi~reettlm Inur ao Note4:me,,n ' or eil Iliesre' .e %%*I".,, fileg:elv. eeeqw lwi ieiw~ete hair ass 

timelV itselietieei that. welle neeitinieeeel e14evmlee11114sel.n iweti reweiel. 'nuie it.' eneion *.t6e toe ie 1w ll 

it edihiseetete v e.en lIvo eeLelictrl tee meeeieeeeniýel imlene.u* 

ta6eu. 11ee alue.Ve nee n-tolilo sr enw-lL if mie 

teiteel. en'r Aslietll IN, iten too .4mtimlltr it iai4itiiate4y 

it a leittn4oid eteele ee liochi-,4eteth ,.2etI will. thie lximi 

te~eeitg ie 'm~. serfmee. laelso eel ti les iimie ImreheteoA iii cris tuw m 

CO.XFWrnNTIAL 

91 db

4l|Nobllk I-N .v qbll.W b LLL II, TIIUblLJb 

Il:ll," -r ill .',qn,' ,,tlN'r ,.Gl:dh. o.:mo..r ,, :o,, d,,m. ooimo-1,,,,4..dl.-,d. i: i,, n,,.,,oomH.nh,,I thig tl ,k.,- 

ill lx. 141. ,h'..a'o'ih,.,I al I1.. ,'nI ;,f ',.li,l IT..I.'I. v,,l, qDto..td ,,'-.igJJ,.noq.gho, l,a.,lq.,iOOil.OO,.,n! t'-rglN. 

l."rllOls or HltM'l"l'111 l'ol ,,o.'tlh, llnNlll,'! ,II *,( lh,' :,ll,,v. I., ,',.,!in..L 

• 11nip Iql"l':sOfllllq'll|:l|;lHI iPl IIliIIG' fl :Oifi,'{|mfuifl ;' 

fm,m,.ntM h.,'rll -,i llx. i.,,.li,,iti.n ,, ,-i,.. imq,0.rlh- ill lv,. I. ,k.vq.lq.,L 

.. 

'o O 

CONI.'[DENTIAL 

• ' • (- 

• • • • • • i 

O 

O 

O 

. /

-. ~~ .-. - . . .~7 *. .. . . 

Ir lm-wAin ('uipte 16. tt'venhtl hIltatnoyol 

Clajlsrr 18 

MOLYBDIENUM 

att woon I"W .41 thW few stwnlp& hIut ..huoa.,ij Wrist 

piw.siwo in this. mvrwft. M i gmnrtahit .it jw....4.- _ _ 

entitsa it,. oiwrirnlujor In. ltmwwnnl ta..I .hiirl.tark C.U 

ma oan. AI the anc tinior. rmnvettnw tv1 ntnalal.I 

~Iamivi mint oi..lmulklu 

iral nN.wir in I liemola. 

er off% orahl .anpijw (nisv tirainmg gan list-"aa. Ixten,.iv 

mrnveviiptioins. bItak. quirrilros inm ..umoosisaa %Atk to 

T11o titnsi. whilsjrbmwtnl ntow faomaluly too fiisIn 

Iortit. in a robbern U1~ pin uvm mntuk- 4 tan allow III 

niihan jatanns wianhI .Iuverat 1lf nlut. whItaiciptatc.I rr 

wuil vsir6A htad Itt-u iswomm.. 3erosling tea a "wvwk. 5 

img ,m4mrsuktint wttrn .IralerlootwIiro tooI'ain II.. oo.p 

.l.icrm hatmminglo-t Pen-t 21h2 n...l tot~itYf . an .tivIJTOW 

-,Wolw fingt f11w ormono .4wn the ritlioix mninvo.w 

.twa, hmavingliven firgl 2rtttrnmi ut .ttalw. weiril vnt' 

gerria-tfidr. whroro up o4"4 vs.-IiUlo have faajk.I off" ~umm 

20 moiimotn.i. me-w flat mm.. htpi-melomty roawwljibaaaOsmocd 

of1 t#Ming. 

lient-n,'. then'mr vn' 4iU -I t.eaau. icdnnwwr in the 

vao %am pl~anneoI iona aindas nootIl,..lo .4o 

Irawi,. .%Los. plzini. vo-c ma~le tts i"wqw" a nooslyls 

drsitam liaer rowi te"1 inma3-ia. Naval Kain. so cleoraiIlrI emau 

vtoatractowl wit~i the Wcrtingliommp He 1rttie ('.rpwlv 

atioma fAw thr ur 1.4 tim- favilitat-'. ort tap aanlk-t ii. 

cinatnart will, ,)tvv-w in I ain.I few. r~w.mkr In-abI.n~nwasim 

ob thems *rrtixing te. p.i:niarn lndi ile-v~aloviwl law 

the IDir.A~m. 

IU.L Mtaaufiaruiusaia Proccu 

faiwi.,uting 4,0 

30 5 . S S 0 S 0

eh-uiene neav aeemaimm. frrtientgc' v fit; leelaide' (1,4 ite 11aae,.m~n .eeeya.raml Itime-rOeg by~ tlhikfetr .1( 

clowv"etirl jinlis leriN tof acee't 11m. 'tie. ntivo4 sartst with. ............iarformhorireea 

eel Ile fir tc-miesallo o tieea a't~al ;sceealt''hi' I'lý' 

hraruw it in, .1 00.eu .44 04 eaEqe Ohl,,,e~y 77W fli 11pe ~ 

.141W'fterejll thft ne's. ,Jswein i 11 vef-aee e 'decnee 

I1'a''1.114 aae incil jewtale'r is imeeicnilmst-di aaae'lazci. fl..M 

4'IIZ in a 01a4elte'el ee0eai1e a too fuica1. ~eeaiceet. rla Whirls i" 

fgm icenteqniel in lai'eaaeg',a t a laigla tviie'aaaeaLtecn until 

16.p4.. 

3&PIt 

nthA 

2ilt 

- . 

rb.,ito"o ~ k' umiseij 

lpein 

,ie 

W.4 1 

the. peesede' ,rtie'Ie' vieaole',.. stoeee taee~ t. Feart irreaires. .* 

.4~lea e~~ewI1 6v hm~t~ing the ezsitewe' 

aewe0IMI~'elena its laielreegr tee a te'lea-rlN'flleae iasr ill;,* 

ane'4tinot poinet (26.21) C). siee that tlte ileaiteler tiagtll. ~ ~ . 

~'~,4 ~ 3 

0 

ie'al weasiinlitc lte impalert eeln'sgth ail il elaiciilily.ii' 

wienviesml soeeea maae'aea ('ilros to' enei lee lo'aeeiaeu 

wmire' anol thin 4iaevt. lleclis care' intiml. liv wearkiaiw m'eaea 

in eeagea flg.A Nea (.anse,,: ILAO C) ando thou, aradiscak 

Iteweve'saa* lice, morak-ing Imltrn~mt-mv no utpwaimihul" . 

in. 

~ "'~ 

an-' fine ~ - -- ~ 

tep pers1Mt e~re',eewea leamea e4 111a'tal by efeaalclcatin. "'it4 

aesake will ,i leeceNo ise ,wien'I iea rwoseams~ciwe'y ,eAealk-I, 

.rwas mW i naily icect-elgawn Ilimmeegis etlee'e' diese. Ta, 

wake Awiel *ee' Pirip (w"hi 'a meernw tlait'k Atvi I 

~ 

'. 

**~ 

.4' 

5 

~ 

. 

.ete&.m '" 

1he line ill 601ea#-ueeltel tea O tIe fiaeeel lw tbiekneu 

Dillow awaio.'rk-icg intabloole'aseae n'e'e'eve iti"e ce1111' 

neeewtle.b.,eeee its 12fltt eel eeee& 

e lFauu* lt . ll(Ieete 

tegaee ia O'eta ;D X. 

A-IL) 

sifarlat.wy.'le lce'raeeee its Idlygiuvah ieIMOer.ieme la'eeviek'ei 

e'whcriueg tce~iirrautseu care poneiled'rv :aefinsteai. 'T~eie' fit the' ruen,.. wie.lna thee mint-uefie tao ianar isea hoelter 

eluastimeelsioeilltoaf'eae'i ie Tcable' I (fopiee he't ee~l effa'ee't naes~c''eopne cc(aaeaeeeot 4e esWkegaig. 'Ilae' resaglls dtf wince 

tlaiekaseeeeew sech m tiraces's it lienet--tr-t'il rinmiaieeah 4l e'sea jtes t'lle eatIll. 111tieceate te'ssile' sfi,te'ths. in Ilce 

errv~w 'e'eioeme 1xlest i'iae'. Iim ne Ile erin t clim''utieege ca worckingE ee leetle win' cand ctrip, liflitetlcs 

as. Iliar teenpatcarleeas' neeciesallY (cell,' 0'lew the isaint o eelmLgiec,.' eesqeeýja act's. ate' shoewn in li~igere 3. 

reirstllisaieec(12M) ) 'A itll fle' a'-'1a11 tha.t lite' Al1ttnleegla there ione.te' ik e~atteglaeeta 

rrya'tal %minxs imemc',ce e'heaeete'i canal intuerfoorklc. as tiens e"e usd1l ~itles ee01ic' fleaeaa thce gc'cne'il trendsei ee 

.'Aeewe in Pointer' 2. 11iii. "terteteete in eeira'te uhlich is ltie' mveene ioahliete',em 14e'fiiaeulev thate lice' tellimaicte' tell. 

m'eellfoerie'l lwrhew tlc we rs'eho Ili'at ions te'eecleealeaas Aft.' xeetra'eagth iclTMeM''~e, 31s tiw et ace~l froles''eeec thcinncer 

1xvnieetiole e'tg'eth oalduectiliity. 

u.5. Ilcteeeritia Irjce'rt ol ite'.e #fotibelenec am 5G____ 

is e iee,vt i Tace14e-eire I 11w el le. emlrt ceeIin thickeaneae. 4 

Ielste 1ifH l etlV cOgIe It i,' lmii.Iaereeel 4 1heee~' :1miiat 44 

r~" 

S%4rjh"A 

eaeeia'a'e'~~~~~~~~~ eauacea Fiip . 1..J...... .t4cj~h NaOV Veeace-e 'Ntl Aa. 

liaae'lceeaiaac.ra-ctngi ee'n~ee~gclCoef.cE NVAII .U. 

~ a

claw. trin ir 44 t ka (1- he atici-h6 pit lvaga sl vwa '.eltj~ic ooteI th nie.etali brakittemd raK whenite. na m i i~n the evea btw 

LaLrk is( zatifisunitr in tka. Imut-tnomitmaIwn 

gleek. * 

tit the len ts isL i l meailiuml. NMiornw-eeeie m.aeaeinntiom fo 

eotchrol with min~a VrrjA m-rlmeue a pnegzraieve chwAZI 

Frimn. 4 0%'iet the lemma-.. 4e eelvitema al,., 6. eeeevoyeeh'aene 6 fine jrine'ei %ith mw teldlaete nM 4W 

v46rtrq tith the hanimeflt idl m~uirkinc.I ait INto e if*th 

owmitter s the 

nucolilmulenum 

io1w ei~erve'l nmialinpu. it ime orlu thaat theCot 

strip kvtaine helurer the anun. it wan t im 

- 161 

~ ~ * 

J~~~~ A,... is~* 

wt. dd)' 

~ 44 

I is 

e -. L ol 2Mýe, 

Xf.g w 

.dg. , * . .0% , 

NA..u faeee. ~ -m~v-a 

*. Wrk 

e ltseeem. P 

-'O A.u nv 

Sis S0IOVtp 

X.*.g 

I 

w~rk.I qewke~e.... ee ,effti~ee i~,p 2. NDtC '. . eŽ.' 

IL 0~.. 

.8 

.iIeArliuew. S 

- - 

orPeoy~wai. n '.eoyon V.v.& ~ petfl eA~ttteel'atd 

aseee~~ 

.~~ltl0161100M w~n VONtw ie tr gh hr 

tj f lt v .~ c a i lu r e ssie e e eel aaeee a -t-ldle aa a e t4 r n 

t.lidv te j~iee~ ~eMilstiw 2 ei-4 Xwftgt?1 Ufte inge 

teta.lS ' A-M em k )I aretatI e telveiaaea 

eufl ia e~tev ;te ne ui ~~ee .eeeK tir lie--tem 

tel~ aagtge er i~. lacl (. a ta',. tle' gra' jm el 

_Ptt.eee~ 0I).e.ee.1 ~eaF-e 

jaera.- 4. v .. ~gi 1. ltC t elNe -2 

1eu W e 

egnle Ci t eiI 

16,llv .er .'e..tw-~ret-a.el~aie~ i.wi 

i..~a te ie ew th ' f~a~'ee tri g aekeel 1w a ekn 

ci-a l eee en e. aa~e Iee iaraie- te le iaPopo ' 

aewIiaeg Otr enve-et, et-IR In fee tisrotereia.atea he 

eleT ii rueav t-y'atI.If-gea le- celgft 

weie w ig-tctee ni~aaaete, .I h 

eeii m m-nnla- tet-th ILsquit fic a11-a * .11-e) re al u logtce 

.1111091 104WII'in ill1`-34ýIl- n Or FIDF11^ .4#.JNTIALm 1 o \W VItpqNt.A43 

tifi tw r.and %rko ard e-voW md Oxentm. 

*ita 6 v ps0w a0 0ik . I A ~ f 0t ~r 1R" 

0mnttl 0oiflim 

tehrr n tnic n"il lll 11Ivil"lf ill %~/vl 

sti Teý ma~ni 1 tiq is I.& isivwiseefrttt lrn %ukd )*v/ et 

cd ue kiý L.-arv" lW oim tio , &Iw im nivooot44 mml( ~sIle i(T io

PKruaiuvrh)i 4w mua.mTStv 1% 7Htil, SSP1Kr.*ZI 

.4swn lwfeire ill 11511fer 2. 44umm1ferri:l 1111, trmlelwbnitn are 111114-4irle pirripr~icm 

It hans 1144- -. lggo.%t44l" AM 11tirm.IHEilent ial 111Ctility 

mnight bis.tpflriivibyr 

sv 

0111Wamih 

Cmi"3f wernh! ?w tivnivils t~imrnt 1E be niifwili 

Init. as %Vill Ism .ji'maa ill &*ctilu 18t.3.1114 INAJ. una 

%%tviigrel~~i~'I 4tf f..,inil (fir linsidming no.ityloolenusm jul.d miulyb. 

fman 3"b with a gmat imp"IwmiWnt in these 

PMflh:tWit4'. 1Avli the~n liners hall too lor-Orsiglld in tieft 

41i!rt-ttlm. Whean ,.agitable nuatevifla :1 tipmeinwtt I"l' A1 way thllt file l40% tlherit,' .Nfilinifi'itV wist& not 

liars -lxweilI lop given cueft,$l otnoly. In finker too withst;tidt tiring o.trywoc off the wooal 

,.ittr ~ 

l* 

n e ilk inetv f Kil lin~er mult have a 

* ~ ~ ~ (-'-.? . ' 

E~tt~he hantlf. Ai-h't ip1 C4lIfhimel1111 iaaoltrixentimgi that 

have liven wiarke'wl p~soiffrierllvi tim-biip misuiAh 

merrh~univaI geaai~liol ih A;sri! thick. 

* 4'f S"~ ~ able (for giun liners. 

Z ~ : ~ LI PRODUCTION OF DUCTIliTY IN 

~ TrrrcK S'll*.T SLIAIEFOR GUN 

~ ~ . 

LINER5 

The find4 U14Aslr~eom linew tommied we"e tubes" 

13ROM CTIM$ PIWn, swgtrods. 'flieyý All fnIWr~ftnrS 114W 

Ficirux 7. Serurtioln., w4wk~v Nts 'wryvv%.i~i%'L 

rumfsml 11114 * viv5ir~flmo W0.274 in. thirki. A, 1 .zs n-im 

*t4rIL.JO. iVigw 4snd \I)tJVItilsat N..A-423.l 

rtindpll thatl it lsiontiHC evident that n~oitlyxlentim, in 

splite of it s high 11elt ingl point and ti CMent cll gt-istnce 

to chemiical attack bjy hist powder gases, wouldf not 

poirve a satidacthioy liner ma~terial Wneisu its stirength 

U'V-0rTlafrT rfl0 COMMERCIALu Mo.111ISal.Ntroot 

GCx IxaNV missitiusnent 

&inm phi"I ff te poperk% o llulyfutul 

of te pojwtiesof piy~e1 ~alyslet~m 

,oinpnml %rith thuvw of Kiln.-AM Amgiven in Table2. 

aInd thictility remildl lie largely iflnermaimi0a" ThiS 

etitld lie mct finly by- inerma.ng the 

linumint tof morking (Section 18.2.2). 

At file lttlle thtit IDivjisit I began the development 

,lf 110lvimlenj~i, giln liners4, there was no it(3oiipnveft 

11e high niching point And thermal rorndoictivity of in ww5.that wAx lurge cumoigh too wvo-k eflna 

iwlvxlciimareadvntaeousforitsIau as* I 

T%*sLa 2. PhrwItuPI'W.~ "ilufrol~im nistlr. 

'I-mum an.) Kiln -r@ *. 

ue- iolylplernintini osoarts thicker than 1! lj in. Fe:rther- 

"Wove,. infitormatioin wats lar~kinlg as to how tn work 

thicker liars withoust cricking them. llceae. it was 

suinti:,l to ctevellip a w~niking schledule which wiolkIl 

- 146"o 01"t.~su S... r hange, a liarfif fle imia 13111(itlInsions (%.%I X-M in.) 

fiv~.,atht. (,.it-quu n.4ii,,t intit a1 strong. u h~iuIile 1hert th:ick enotigh (absrint X in.) 

Pv~t'iw.toultul 41umst~slfur to c3uda catiliir .50 Inun liner. At the. arlm time it 

2.13II.i0 'uas4 ileirahble top exI)Jipre nielin of preponring an~d 

10-140 (Ii', ",C) .1.3 It x 0o 13.6. X 10 - ciit:nelIvQjkntIn.itiiit i ~n re 

0.33 0.102 

J.mA- 1Wf. 1 

,2 C, C1 O.11111 0.207 la"npmeito 

tsd, Itiu i 1-bth fl-il !*1-C 10 X10 >130 X N l eelpleto 

,.t.awssf 0flttti Satisfjctov Workljzi Schefulle 

4,in 2imi 3-30 >16 a 

si r..iI I,'U 1 WRUIP he ivc.. I0;t ~iflK0 tha:t n':eit ii I in a ,ati tivfi.ry 

CONFIIWNTI %L

To ;.g --itIw- bl ls u~a I 

.*lvs"'t a 

stll 11.11 .. 

iof a iq tl e 

li.0421 as. 

ft ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ iI3"WU ~ ~ ________________ ~ ~ s 

- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .. ,I~.I~ ~ a 1.. &"RIMIr~.1.Iwwi.. 

~ 

psom.*n ami' sum.It owsilf 

29 : "MMO 401,Ua 

ramtw~ to 

22 

somti atONWIF 

- . 1 (343GM' 

satS; o 1(340 0030 

(2. aumowien~ a~t-rt 2,3o irfr ill in sirnth-tr its ,,( Illse ,ji w Kmni" lnearam Ixinj~itril -in. 'frtunier Imiww 

pling awl4 iifelsoriiding oiw L6rvn Km~ino. oiilv &11, mimwrt'asal rmorlimg fit tlat, m.d341133 Avowwn in TablIe* 

I-300 C*. Ilk- t1.imp2imstutl at wih" l~v ou4al rM- 3. Tive jm.Iim3ituorYl paAm wmcnj lot insduic Mvvwtal 

cnyaili~ .;asIkh. .rlimfiuuvt. Thw Mritetian' aft"r rrithuflrtmlttnet is 

Ik-rw'diomrnt do( .1 trn"iwrn Kcr'in stne13rtur is Iml. .Aviarn 1 in Solv ct 

nasutei TyI~vih'mniling ithe Itnr-jiai4 tlwt prisixwtu33immiit 11w ieinivimtrui tiara is( tlk' final1 pI'iliwiat toiiai' this 

a3sol uvriut-tma'ingi thetIt. Auer1 it ul Imja'li'41 raronil wairkji" WIMtnl,.k ~U11 Iwilhtc :11 a tha,'knema of 0.2.50 

thast Mt'ral:,Iv.lis it 13 nh i u431 lls, lt.,0 11I litle Ia' iic. in. (I'igure 10)J tlitan uthat adl coa333nivriia twl43V 

3 Xr13311 

issr, theatel's siHN1t . mliati-toi in I tliiaknew it" 1w firwtt 

tukedr 1- l evc ia' o'iig in t h.' mc'3' .! 4 Iizrql Issirst itthlt,fIor.. 

taip. are' nilklI ote~r -or twir' 2Iliof' 121111 C. 45ý 

2it it neIl.4li#rm' w,saryti d1 Im t' fl,.#w' 31111 clit. ' . 

2w' 3lirtnt i,, tshi-al. fllit' amostivit1 if r..l1tcttisn inIA 

:11t .1...' l l ilt Atmct'.. ,i 1,.tr1 3,,'r di .I T a'"t.1 ill LI .mntlat. 

41"N', : [Ij ill. FiT' r lf K lt- 1.3v lot / im..q' a P3ait 'SwcI ' l ~ ., l. 1 3 

'a.~til 

,.a* t~i~ IlI.P 

*I..wviim loss' I'oej fill 

I~ ... *e I i~n t 3C 

%1: -. I .- ' h 'l 1 :1 11 -1 :: 4 .sl s 7,z 

r -v `L v 

t 

t'~ i. 

rw-t.rrlmmi~im ade F0. Ia. MI A 14rio- - "U.0. 6111 &Y Wfzo~S 

Awit 0., it t0 %bl Sfx 

9~v 

0lm *oiiwm 

.i IW 6 -I" .!A l- 11 1-.1J 1 - 11U .- w ./1 . 

-F1 co\ 1;vr

it It.- I ... le~-m wr aqiat gm -Ove 4 .'sici :11141 -' it,.fisvil it 4. s',-16ty %%I-n- doi.i44. '.Ael W I e -l*..I:sr A)~ liean'* 

4"1a ' alsia- :is isiamrhila at alitY' a- ,.wasiatini~AI 11., a:4,.1. 1. I., % ,..s. off1 ".-6 si5lo 4..1611166a661tI. 

th-1144111 44 11". 61146,6l~ iti.1inkiov. So 0-.fiai oollaeia t'3'.2 6ltit g.4:111104I1'.. few 4 uIW a 

Mictq 11W14.-4- .4 11M...c" ..qvk $1gs-.nila its Awtimem ..ulisoe .4 aa.1. lsh4 too logo,~ voIin gIW'2-iai. Kmh 

IS.6. * wa.'. :. (6.656. I.s.ija.vit ii56aI arskea. ian..r *ie'l.Iin im-n 13. 1.-3. It illaclIsd'I a 12-i#L 

-gIklling'1. 1 1AAnis agaail 6IZ ,a11 . %3.n-.i i. LI41lt Is~i lain-ls '. i r i on-, a l..'huy. oies6 m.litia lisill. Until a 

iag.iii-ie- tIi6a Mnia pemifir n*Iits" I.,.n-..la 7.2m161'41-11 6.raicag 611101aaw-v ill V.11ilm 6.1AInancM 41 

'Aill for. ftlV-.-6arr 6.,aa, 108 lol .. II.Vaaa 1k :ka. : asa41 ha:,rv #. 1 aIglawalmo f \%-of It I Ii.ti- ela a doels, 

.1 ~'if 

isatias "g"A hs,,. ,saaaroaIlatii- 6 poooim-aa. ioi I I,. 

, I1:1164-:11 gvn'-.il.a ill 11N.' f:,I.64-:1i.sia .4 l ilt- w*ahl 

IKar,. ait-I A-.6 i.6:ar14411V taih66' itI.. 1 OwaI6 t, 

nM eil -IM 4rij). f la. gwsiA*h-i. glmI:.l ia it rtials~i m6-r 

6'IIr. i. itrtif.,,'.. in Woit.' in a6 I6flIsi* .-% Iii.is'r atoll 

wlawja I.,,r, 3 in. ýos-. "a"alle.~ai Its- voaau. . A 12-iti. avljia t" @ i. 

if 11.n:12i~ .0 mlit 34 ii.o 4-641a1-.h tIN$- ~ ~ .~ ~ i: 

Meta.4s imaps.~n,mL.Imt in colblo 

. 1'ha a I t tI ri folt' -a #atv 6- th se B .J.a ,.Is.6sa,.a.......In 

fa:tuml~ iiaui;, ml.a snit-ko Aliiq-lv *q -me lilt6. colote gsi *~ elsaa- ;1 N.. Is10us6- 1.1. 6.4 \I 011C If.-...n A423') 

liver fisrag try.-. 11w fir'.? ra~a-k.1'ni. film-"i %nw. 

aaairaI~ls Iwn~n tl* l,:.Is -A inirs ..'6 6mils:.1 gIowatv'l. r-%il.- 1'gsnI.'.sI oml tv~4 w rwlf saf. 1wl'r sAl-lviwrc aaamo 

1,Ci'ig tK .i ill 1111P %%Z:6* tlW ia.II %n rl 611. 4 ;1114u :a 1 l , i~sttiti. Zs, dt'.rrilw-.l its fiile11- ii.' t* 'i'.lo. 

ili til 6 .I ti 16, 1 " I,6 6t. *'.li.I lve0%(iatr ilisi.1 6.6-al Itv,In. still~?~ N 

Iii'rp. ,Ii'-h.nivi'I lia $'.tays #of. 1.3.e kI.II.I'isi. mv:,66-g 11%MDEiir's IU,' OF.. *.LUIM N' 

I aI tvr''6 Ij %:t set lm ~ ~ i 

641 04.6 I.1.,'tin by %lfoi ,',,1656. M emo I'i 

ýIii In- j.,. 114..rv 44 

it-4ml m~ ill itv mftk lul~mim1 ,.r frfl,: g.Ii 

,,,,hi-6',. i ll St41 tells? 3:16.6 1 , .II1:1'II, 66I"[.~666, \6 

ta JJ I 4616 .%- ,i~iI~t 66 1- MLV 71' I CNkl 'X 

'.6 fl'66 it%- 116H61 's'.1. V 6..a-it i :,s.-'sr u : 11. 1i ' , .6',,, ki 'lf-l its,,, 64,d'61 '6 ' KlaI d-,-. 

666'~~~~ 6 66.6 I. 6 ,I, -. iP 1'. - 114'6 ,u ,.' 66m6 :111-y , a , 4 . 1, m it fl.,irt- .t iti 6,kio 

Iitii,6 l.. 161 l, I t 6 ii,i 

6 *'," t- , . m..I . i tl' m-h-W I6 tai6..* -, i6 i 64'ilv st, siw mm L i- 

1 11V 

lmvoý fl'.m m.111 11m. 1 IwNTI- --- - 

%--sM N-j:- . -srvlicos 

... t r,"I 

11 1. ~~~ ý' ~ . ~ '\. :151 .. t4P I' T M 41 ý h 

eJJf

- - - 

- - - - gia 1.'ijiienale' o".1eric ee 16w kiwI.. itor the' nmai-il in 

mor'to."s i ' to( 

2 

3 

I +so.IL213' M 

Uoes + f W 

Me + 1':I W 

2A 

240 

13 u 

"0 

Poo 

In 

=~~ 

IPA alsuest bY mater p Jis It weempoit amosi aVheyws Oeab. 

A lie+am IsX11 i. Is Its 

7 a11. + 4F' W + SA %1 die 3114~ 

"1 20C. Ti... a~1rnsve mlive' FIstth Mubefor ksisw 

eiweEh AnsilMN hKssr lil IP4181 1611 litern MAY151). 

olessi,,,. Unf-iteeiunalts'. tloo6e 1 ue %e ialso~.v in TaWe 4 ? 

showthe'ie luintkaeeg vewhe'4lelato %i'e's ino T nmf... uat 

Iljseftig t~ier ilmi.. lp-mrtotow- all-I 41iles essr e-os-he',l11m 

reniinu ' v ieorth .raleeist v ' onnetecie () 14s'tio lit al orsý o 

0 eorkws..4m. hjsl4 mrnso-muM watljteier. lunioow ar sIao.m:'tiiumTia 

hoclom tode Simsre . in viewe in~e~e inr-116 tn~4%er £0niji .8 from., 

flgm~r ImI.~ in the Itse. ,lrn..ert.it th 4 tleis alenlewee. ea ,k.'1ervI ri .wi.jsliWh'~ts 

Aneks- Gor11io . eel arim. en & '. ve.. fie~t21 miIy sher oliwe tn III2t es l.w-etel,&e .we rren ya 

a imliear Is orie ;tIooe t w le tl~k 1 ee1411 m rfl e nl terANA aftlerl jeee~reeere d.e.Iee Omelwe e Aw'iest 6 t li 

71mte '£ei~e-. 4 Isommn tes eIit(' (2)ri Ie iCe to',.e alim-i 11womI in 

.1 tw i ale fe S 

withze *oethe'r i,-ta arI e e' h l It,( tse'-- l inelee'. till. ,,fT f r ioo... e-o k h Ipo siu sol nnt 

riol t o l-It 11. seep. ol -m i ta Ilse lonnviso oftesi ,.ck ., I,~m w r. el s l in eem."isle linc Tee elater 

al'neue 175~ %e I 1o3 tN wit 2. 10-e % let le'-el,r % t uhf~ .its eis loo-t I. ,.ml, s!. wh elesi ich set vW '4i ll .teee..im l .4 e.-;h 

thrke-40 M n; ittloio IL (I' tin~e. 10I 2L 2) aSi. rii s(i-wtmwtnYa 

?A%10\ 11 0 l0 11ikl jn0 w0rv m rsth~ u i"rr 

01-oatOeal-

t' o iiIirt It- ' iim'iijds flit.". ig miviulm.4'l that:, uirke l i il tim llll inn 117mt fit. 11-4.41 %%i i"Inta -1.%.lre I iliitfi, t m.innI 

:oii.Wvp iIIt-l114.144n mmimtht l11414V rT1 11111' i:011 4`41191lt erIr.tk-ing tllrifiE firing. AfltisipooK t ' f i'lit- -liev des'ignM' 

,iin. mw. I iwn'fort.. an- ititirr' djtfmirtito ~i,~.t' 140fli-f . m'n. prf-ti.mI :Iivfrl'miiit. e u tof 114-111 ner fninmght 

hnit' i16i"4-"' Gil F-Iin' 12 4144W INDIA il6 iiIMIOW-31~ With aSmWP #hlq'tIiti- ltilt. uu01114M 3MId t.'cfiwrnentul 

4' off .iwh :mlifwit. iNmth Atr 111uwitksil anal iworkrdi w.'n* Baativ nomwqatnatv4 sma (Alri'tuliaui M.#ae IaM',w 

nuIivittil I.IW with Wtb tp adoiju il.. ww' 

I1..rtime'wo m WOf maIy o i:teruia at 510) C is 01,4. 0.4omwn. 

Abluitloh lteu Ir4.Jiilfo p.wsnm Iwml indirate that thme 

is.soi-ti~K.fe~%o t.04gatil ~nin A&1. nirks'I ano ltme gun.ttW. 

(IIpT'linlme fu1r- 1-114.' Ont taom ý inff riuSII)mkss ae 

Xtvt,ino 'i-tru that . theilii- intainiux41 mioilt tttiaitro.ick nowmI 

sflit Itoomm I)Il II V1,4111 ien vviial a rrmonistIii InN I se 

"4.1r1Y.. :141.rk1 il'm.ii4 (.014wn 'tlne" Pi ~Iio losw emii(.'nt 

4Bpp nill -eto rlv mvt.'.i CniIertine~~ the 

fior the sawlit vylitNi 

,.4.witvfo IaitlIIile')4i' I fiill li. er 41l14'1Y' Al"14 lme ,il.-Sele it ii 4 ~4ii~ 2 ... l4'r ~l~4t aht 

mfa14 jhkAf'.. ihpm' anoli.I4(I~ Amn4' frWm~ Ii (I'l "40.4 

1 VO44%inmllll 7t 4.'Ni. i)tC V.ro 

co.N~itcrio .5 iS OF(:%IIUFR 

LINES FO TV1;T tav.T~l U0

3711UMu~M 

u. lms ht :a swimulat in .4ný rine Iot- lwvrnMEi# Aloid 

~~iwinto o-.n 

aNov. 4 se-roram"s'4 11W -vafliic.iet to4 

1 I I j 

113.4"4 even"with ath irs .4h.Iw flm ' ioatfiee ug "ho. 

Sinaipr~ .I w Olw lel6mrjeIs nI. fe. tut4n o.ii-u1ljihime 

wo floo Oe-4. Milk a to r^pyft@of fri~i-ters lou titan 

,uw4111O ml4 OWia N.4eWinhwlurhv .,ulue-.*. It ANueehl lIW 

IGmsiRWRIemii. Ipiswte. that isfi inig a lii1irao uH,~isnew 

ablonotch P41wmuvmW ssir ro tlwIhtq. any temhndw~ 

I lnwt. v4 king~ te~u .41 toooiiariv lIeweS" p'c, 

'1 .4 inst fiI'. 71W plimilval f.Ifi~nmt *a. that speeMag. 

/ 

a ton" uq 

061M.. km-r 

sao(. shiAu ioe -[titn in roi.nv F3. book& 

tiuuagh, 1 oofit vrotwot ,,ink into* thee 

.eie.4 eaorirr milk a Larp ieaervfrwnvir. 11w tamns 

4,1 IN I tilt thorlnit flingM gaul matres ii 11w Ispt w,4 iu'k 

Xm"to I* in w afor fhau.M &MI remni Ow rtrnix-mfmurp is 

'1thme 

It. 

"10M. Aa atIMwest 

Ii,.1lsito Iiiui.J, vm va(tl. 

1t if 

Fuatl.v. 

thu,. k 1wo lnw.eg the 

tuu ~rkni iflatc uat 

(I leist in 1.1 in.p P.tat tiw if"- -mo MR, slawii th 

epwrtvt n( Owilling lIt gumuwmw 

~ ~ ~ateI 

I. I 

nw1aume Is( Mldiziau thr avaiLilhi. ein-oIlo-uh'elenni 4w 

%sas let a tssu4a%-e lineritv h s-lit-if witnus. ca pro.. 

uMM wass ie~u4iln,'l tier thw trial .4 ,wier"I PCm k o 

userS, lins-m. reed. enavk (naio a dIifferent ul,ov~. It wows 

..umrt.11 the Sit..#ee .4 Sitzlal~q i-i rninnaus 0.1%'~ v.i 

Wei okr,..i~lwmI its Amfi,-n 185.4.4. 1.ce .e(5M invop.he.I 

ine ,'w.nl.w.( f1w 11m.-ii.avc filerpt t-M mits hist 

14-4. in 11.talokItr fl.3111 mtatn Iron 1,r h% 

ite Filvimn I I.- 1*no Irit.-t g" ine loarrntfice4 eri. 

iter tlwe "juimate lvirto .4( Slt. flotrev. 

. tloo..Ietu"t lupsqlr r'",titinini mloict ii mu 

iwe-.4.l Inti4etitmnmlli mel~ lu-t-Inm-t.'u it, 6..-o a bar 

COSN F1 DNTI %L 

I in.i' x 0. i~cn~. ('trp A~.)

EI)~~~~~~~WtUI~~~~~ .1 .'V iiti(4V4-ltR 4rt M~ 7 

3. N'Ilt 4.-1) l" 1" 41 *1. 4' in@1i . 1frig tivl 11.p nln a 101. O ttl 

lu inr tn rt 5 o upn ~m .(t4 *I 1e1ý 1%l4I.a i 1141 1taf4 !9t : i. I fr (44. 

.5. T%-olvih* 

ito oeh ,oe 1 .*lj~tt Ple .(Se 4arv F. 

I.fu*tnwe~. %en. itn tt* -im rn .r q 'ruL4 I.v 4t 1"llf1 ii 11 c 4 .Iio 11: 1 4,'1 vimil- in' :1i l 4441 11111 aui . l I m -atel i 

a 'po tie. li-ica owi~h fifl t 'tI Itlf'ql %vir' nidtt3IItI~t4le ; i imbitiflit?. ts ' 

(4to~ a Vl t10 Cj1 

'.A pitii4 I. 4 1,611" In isls %%:IA ,141.14-I ii' mII lft. at. p144414 It " Ie . 4'4th fim,(A iI'iii mlat 'K NAM1 E 

iln' ýW .10,iivi ii %%a F~,'1,:ltr 

ws. ilghti 1i I. 0~ jil t. 11 Inch. 3 4( tirfai-A I t-ti yiii .dll prit 44 rrot ni 

"a..li'*uh Ill.-It 4n'Iuw .II t 

tc I'..wgm I u ; 0im '. c'rit: ki n 

11 

1, 'Ille :I 4 :1 I %% ,t~~'. - 4 ilu fIj dititil I . 34 iii. had ~I 11 II4u1 41Iu ' 

IIF 

am Illh r td tnt Thel fiiil AIitt 4'i 

ii-e . ii 4.11 8. anC' h r 

At41'4 illiIll, fi ,.- .iIt nlml44lli'. mtI ;if% 4411''f 111:4 114(fi-ri i., 14144-' %% Ilit It hal 4.4'44 h'.I4-0 A4.11. 1. I1t 

c144 IIIliulrivil V " 14 6we 4' :l a 4.t411t414' .411fai44 vt:4.4 AI. Iii,o r-' lu an- n11 it.I nw44i--4r.1v '14 Ion il"&ve. 

CONV~Il* NTI U.

3ft 

Vvkn1sie w tp m~s mv. IJ1uiiReie Lna. awsowe the orri mrn'sv thwfetmar- 

"Woolmeb .11w tinge OWy 4 ussautass -Muy all the 

The f..g-ngonj ru,.em wtim s-fi tui..e-nve tI-Aefm ,m~ilua~l %itnusm th lw.m I musslver-pfom f~lmnd had 

in..lOulmosmn ealign liswye. bws tep,. jmrv4 rrm.4m ;ws. ore ((Impbm 71. thus totler diam~eter Id the liner 

a &Ws POPP usi OWe ulijilltisto .ft Ohi. esu."WsqVs,.6jaA it. $he .4ketVjft*,m11 V Ofe *4' OME pamb. 11,em 

wosten-el. lDiseladvartmo of Ohios tluivim , ( riswi' are: (unr*w~xtwol 

(1) wemknem~ of ti... t stn i.swl ispullins mustjn. (2)it smfe.i', ttI mNed he m 'men-bets in the wall thiekm 

satt lpius the wpss4 cum.?to In-ousr ninge 01( the mupwu( the Sm imhe w ur m "i therlaw. Tll;* hang 

pwiw.,re Itud. ansi (3) tmvt..mwnt .4l the liner. I. in fn ;w I as thes Uri&h of the 1"m mws ,eelwwu 

-Ssrusu The Ames 44 fI..-w 41s~nrfmri 6. cbwfrv n- itsmm~m~7 

laoi t iv.se fasct that the ntateride fs-steel waus knio.us MuwweaE. S~ws salwus An unohsMem Roinsil 

toe be m usnew ha I inm mits'ewser in ph , voisre gmsqusitieo, aw a1.' sdw v~ so Rmwp lasb 01,Rkpoinlo a"d Sw.. 

explaisweI in ser~ticifseI.4.4. Whuem a issmor thortmiegtalv 

wierkewqi s~slvlalonesn allowy lbsr~seew avnilsikle'. olsall.gnieemrrstlial 

dusit ing ing. on that thee rest jeant 

sspeiwsl. res4vaeirtmi tm the Iusse owseemswe at th- roeinig 

at the Pemuis nm v svm.- it. In- ms slitflrslt v. .AIss'y wt~irtemil. olthebp ings"qthe liner noe longer frc~gm 

,eatiec.rr. tlee ustop .4l a ..esskýs teloos. clim.ee..re in 

&tiun 18.5.3. assimiW sulpviutrt this ~esI.Is'egic s'esirel'lav. 

isseel with tlat dtheImrr~aah--'sIn)it. ne. uix of Q 

rmws~enet. all" %-* slw tso in,"IM'ie'nt umsherwege 

preinsiI4 lusi tilit ssiass:. Iifterg s-HIMls In- Isssale hfsavitig id the linser in itm solvel canr aieA .sirmrt,.l bCy 551dthu 

n~ervoor trummiks gmswtwleums 11 a Awhkf mad lm Itr the interference o( the 

N. 

e.gr 7. AMCM1w 41 

CONFIENTIA

CAINvuILTImr 411 4*%t.IltR .',I UNtFRi4 V11111 TV'ST Ull 

ulhinuak-tit. Npveviha'frsoa. evenil, te 1bet linen. otill u irblAi asaaL I have keya'aI fthe lttear in I xi..~n. ncler 

.4ainvedal tetials'iiev i fsaratin titiliejitetit if t iac hater fitr .4( thi.. tYImes s.lasspila lipa eiami fosr ftes firing. 

with romseslitent v'sistmriotiftem of the horeats Ite flu.fur- IWirs -Irnupied Togim . Amot~hieruthauielas tof asrienting 

*.led refil. It wn- not$ psssaaasibls.topaletarusine fmilie the uissolvlailenimiaai n qit-h a %ay that the oliirs'rtisorul eh~r- 

W.tAI'tseondwtoil whrtlwr thio Lku wit&I W5S&slm i Insiw- Aiiv ;uLtv W s4 Its istftvlr4moly io itumb5 m* 5so ri~maoioU 6L 

mnatvl Par the meC totf Peteiiuti it( glnmette striig~eth. *fimiil~~ll~i irul ,it'vsniorci tthPler jt'f156flS 

ahlthimmaug them~ ima a tolngil a prievrismilpt~iti that it i suasvhalenaama s4ant unitl haratiag ti wife in febre. 

111ultai be. Abmu foiwalbaaewsiamm uire having a trapaztbi;W ciu tics 

'.Othert ct~isn of Molybelisnun Unermi 

sivetioin was drawen fiar thisa Isarpous.. Iiy atmtireit sa a 

Tuark" heirml mcinnea~e. lotsat is liner was nai sl eu~aIk 

lvinscitiidtriif. 'flixu dla-41m alias lImsa the tirnwbant that 

.Ag 6a. alersult: hwi%- suntiectirl. the akoiagn 4 ad 1pit one meme ofL iUs, miasftimag woiaita shrepll a"it tJWhimilarim 

bemer ta, lie niask' (novellthe miaaykslemugg I hii,- far -availa:ale' 

hats 6141 lo1 tsaks* in14 teio am ant the L-oistsii 

fsregth % . *,A* . -*i 

-41. it is$ ail9lIpsiap1 t%' to) reenn here tile eCX1rflpillsueits 

that weir mask' ii, anal an effoort too devvehalop aia~a -'dir 

m~esn of testing maulybalentim ili tile rililuer .30) ýN 

-. 

thio, new jozin liner muaterial. tel~tlt&~tSi 

teslt Ppier' wals KPrrMr' lby limzing a Filing 4a 0.023 

in. tiajk naolybaleuaasn ilataan RAF1501 AteM rarrier 

with a s'peviml etipper-uorhas a'rzing allsir in m. steim.~ 

i11vita~tirtetI' 41 sirr' was applictl by filling the basin with 

W4,sia's mtetal hesldill pi lave by6voi fhist' 1ini ttel likipaa. 

atte mds. Frarture if the linting lse~an after spi~t)~imomae~l4'Vt) 

it- n~essele., andi iallyasesi to Isfir end 

. 

A". . 

. 1 

ing tes researld lthe tr-insiver-se wmkimauassa is ehar. rm-tsaie ta. (res~sss~.nas.aah~~~.a 

sietenstnic uf maolvlsls'niam. 11is nrthoial tof f~alaricta- lo 1-1 .iaus oc-ltsisnsat..ta . 'ts 1.NIl 

lions merits flirt her studyv with hanlenvdnihl mlyoenntas. Itiiiaal A4423&1 

ractor Mattv fssiass Floll W.Als'. 1lle dihsk risa-nstrimaiaai atipapaiiencl. silijeb naight 1cis' sfmtiagtla at gin-saPaws. 

wall di-signeii too ainimaiu' thep ridala sibi a artisans sif the :at jog tenilwerituano. 

carnier aissembly title tap firing lpn'r'o4r Ivy having, thle f..fls,,#Asss4 *tJssyals Assi4'saSii- rip. itinietahlie 

nwolvlxentimi trientsil lii moras m "ay that itsdainsretisin 

ad grvaeltcit mvesgtl cipleop5a54ia lite r'.ilial sat as',ses A 

,'Adopt %vsre madtae 2wy ca,t lg ME. C ) AMJ telictainse 

tine face tof a flat it rip 4if lhiit-nslleal moill *vllenuý. 

thaick-walleda f ill*' %%;%o madle isY brtzing 3 ,tack sof (biaxel isv Ixaiit iasog with a miqsieis. sin in acetone *f 

pstrnchsl dslkc. maithiaitang thle miaas~ifle fair a jirra'.i-ra finely pIs- it. alelsi sb-asciI. Fassy-fl flat. l'ren. for 

iaataa lite rarrier ansl iimarhuisiiig file isti~sle toa iesveien :a ~ta.iaas unit f~atigsss' te-t s wait' n'iatle frI'm I he-ersuntalperm'l 

Itassalar VAlilsr .501 luiter miade fm(sisi I lNor sif j asita' slwss hot -aslvsi li :vinlois~i a a lis:rter of their asri- 

%wagatlrvv. ys~rzslizasl. puire eisail \ 6liiiii. fl1ir baras. imisl thiitLia-s. (fiilail thlsasa'4: mil. 0,015 inl.; AtMe. 

ing maisstrial. prc:rvdm s-.itsiatl . far t Ii- poirloo.,e. ":v a 0 1.22 ill.. 11sa rtsialts saft(c vasts nile i'niusaaging 

a ropplepr.'ihier :ahllsv fsirt lifil %%tile pas!Fasitisim. fle s far a" res,tasnive hi ftrml ka:.Is snacnsesl. bitl thle 

tulsialar linter, %ii it 2:m iviiterfirrnie ;(ft) WM)1 ill.. oliaask list s'sfaisiiA loIima :1alt lii uh a-qi*ilssn'ualY a' splsse. 

ihiiriny inertiqin :111il a lafifil :11l aftulits tii milm e',a it s s msi nide.th'siirasss ialie a snn *i % 1s.. 0 

ii art. Retrssvsral franipisssts ,liiins'l iiihaul a Si.us ait i .1sisasni1 :111,1 %v . hulvi extea.lashd ivntiaIlie a-las b~s eauint 

thve s'alges- tif I ladiesl.ks ruat 1-441 ta': t lie Abr61i i-fit ,.g ri-4se.mi :atfisl~ ta. I s ln-,c-ras'ari. 1"Tter su:ts al-a, a thbin. 

CI)NFIIIKNTI .%L

- r-- --- - -- - -- -.- - .:J 

V.. . . . . . . . 

-now'd " mo h~~wn1 IMC It'osa inAw A-TVI.140it o"( 

r".4,4 n"Ijli4lmmtmflffwas 

iooprt tn~e aw tot ncuW Ow6 

1wtte n erIv-N 

2 einf .4reisirkiso.. pKuaie 1 i/ cs "nittgrpimr 

le it-~.11 11.ih *1II 014 o 1-i 

:if o fi~t ma vmimtm lst"lim1in. 

F6.1111 1., 611tig.1 Ii .1 I'll- ~ w lim , j e 

m. 

.. 4~rn kbo ani -9.m-t A 

.1 lint i' ) nr thnltgmI :9l lisiia'. Ait~waim lowv-nm i +j%4'% ftOm iall.YB~.!( t LIfr_-nFRSle ln- 

h'. tlp'isilIns :#119z1 

11 % I iiiIlls o.. W t~it igWl999lom b. cf o flu Aith- Fln t..i S 

it li 1-iI 1.,;.? ' " w,-, r 0ii99 . I h~. #%o l za. fwh r ol l.441wf.. I , I:,d in o lt of .... h...?II line" wa rý..~ 

ttm t4 sl 1 l:tf. wllrtX iImmi~r 21 r t..n i- ?.ilu lie I 2t A liter u arting .. Tr..te 

I~~~~~~~~~O ..i, 9 t'.*..~li'. ,,. te~ ,I~ VtI DEN.. fT.I %,dLwkqiru. lhw~ulw~tumn

11..11) :.1 1["- Vmnkiiu In-filif.at 1ir. 

F111111111 ?l,'T$ for CilunlotE ..uf millA.IPNIEmW LNI.III A 

l firm 21 Iinem !fir obgff~ 11401 4ImhIleIrttif 

4w r'I' lhlocic'"fl ilf I 2 ine 1 '1. ,,eiI' 114 l~the4 fil *e.eIh fl 

o.'w., w.i nt hnive milA~ivirlt .lirrm 

fin~ti. w .S~mtwl.fl.. 

h mad ,.iem. 

rI e.4...ia. 

1'ruillte R1w fIs~tlatcl (of ,uliipnefevhamli. 

~wj wifh Ah I% .,,ill~ mails ainweimrels ew,-m4NO to 

riall tie. nput-. ner .e( eue44' youlurnin hp onwit Iw the :fulmovdevi woking ,.eiwellnbe (-re -eiem 114.3.2) 

- iu~eri~ gt!4N evt',ten ,. tgae (pint lo-mi'r .qelteiniiag (eeor tw..-.Ivei Iinrr!4 %%ern nieitlnitiVI.- 11H. jeaeyi. 

( 44r, toitreiottlyiyt . oil Isoeepwetirm to( tile mii~eatc: in 11i.' inemueu in. ocilt 

N 4 Iuwl 4 nthjee gtiptep.4lineew wew. irco .flopiati gIVe.. ill Table, J. 'H.loe.. Mun-enorlsita weml nutiii #on JIM4 

twes with Ir" eolua'.'s. .Aithseqch tile. 1111,4..ujImiMlitl ff T~oe..u3. Iftvw..4 mwoise.-.4'unwiviffwsm hae-11i -I 

thenip.~cSp t4fuii -uingth fmith-e.* -- . 

4 t~~~~~v~or diii fuemi.4s rclem Ito impoeaIrweweesIe..umt in - - - - -of 

tt~l liWine. %%biih item itnevoiniffralv ine tioe .ii4igue Ujtw Sit I'd 41 f, 1tin.'Ieeft 

iiEWrttW'lie in IW14im 1)1.3.2. T,_5-~-i - 

11w pus:tinialt newe is, 13 off tloer,.. liom ni, .au e Imr ll. 33-4 

iei~Ii~e ret ive' .f timn iwe tem nmiei. rfminew-i- i ll. 

'nimnft 1 31471 

- , * - - 

1.1 

Ing 

1laM.0 

- - -- 

tM4 

3A 

- 

23A 

228 

234 

i~41Itaininie 5) Ito 211", o.f I unIenI'11. fl'no. :eg~~ -r i, 

tjnwei1 a. few Ilu"mIf'th,4 off If- #,4 nArl m a... viti Thw ~4 

-. . 

-01. . .'w -" 4 .. d t ii I.4 4r.,...4 

F.4,.tS it~w...in itt. 

r"" 1*1eýw, _" .11d 1,4- -. . 4..n, itW.. - 4--.L 

falodo-atetln lov Jie. iniismnt.il w~irkiote ,.i54elloii' 114- V" 1.b..-W - 

eocrio-IweI in Tablde 3. tIer 1u.'Ih me-~fte.. .~w 

mon.etilim10cnt.imiuiI al usbeI.. VI A .fte'rIIor imil;.r~elm .pe'e-illiwel, i.1cl (fill thle endol for tie. A.tipe. (nm, Whirls 

wierkies.c m.cirdeieklnl- had livien oe.velf*1. it We.40 111:1111141 time ,.zAiVV %VIf' 141101`1141441. 

I" wmtaka a ,.teteifumlw esusky eeL tie.. A4wl off46,Ii#eV Term ., tie. Of""eu 'ml otei" mfoom &&Ai twea b*A 

mat~iceIf"ng ilwmetitl.t iwlieu' temonst. All Isail a. !fcmin. ,4eeikifi-r. an aivmpg 

Fic,1-h JR. NIII1e,g C16. etalir41, *944:4, 443..Io 4*3..:,s. "1. gIl.gesten.fl*'ec 1:1- 6-'I- ill 3 6%liuff 

tha at3 1IIW'44W44W fl,4kl tl I 13 Iha if %: ,I- fiw. ant. if`,gimn 73 4 XMI 1)114ltrin~ A-421.) 

0~O 0 0 0 0 0 0

wall tleerksm,.p to( 0.13 it.., &Wd a eiane-r!, LIP" Olf 

!W in. per (I. 

ilerpor AsfOtamni we"e tor-0m; the traltir All 

ffem~een~te gill gss. liall leIMIeIW Uwet Seed at :1 met:1- 

jeeeweliT' 121P"% nitnJ"i% vvnee as a waimnlee' puimw- 

* . -. . 

- ef alveeet 370Im1) Pun. 

71w. nweelto oo fl te ti-Ap. are ,eusuuoartlu.e in Wible I. 

TIM leyn ,'ltl iq im t a iellmiteWEf fur the 

IeWmwu 11MP1 IMs h114a11d I OaJV. VUel 4 1416111e6 ThIP 

that Im imr Nwa [it. I-. I.*4. tonir 1S2 rutanda. 

loovirvew. hotffruteef that th imeft"11uf -nwe rap eli? 

omit ao nifr soe~ea tinevkerol 

TWz 4, r....vi trd. in M.uS.A .3,p..eestW"W 

tine? !X. Ruemob r - fob A& 

UL 33 IM "we otuelowir, 

111.33-4 132 "Poollep 

11. 33.7 3W#sfl~ a 1L37we 

asfiltrarilyt' ettopprel. flthop~o whe limovi vo" 

ruemelitient tu voithepand furether kiins. Therm 

is 

was 

see etkimenw to powtkre po o voilotat the bon 

Testsof*u five other rtniren .mlae fronm diffe v 9 

leatel... oof neeelfitelenum huvitlowd sith 0-16" cobmalt 

wit fl not carmeql as far s* thowa'ee lierrs 111. 33-4 seed 

Ill 33-7. Seen.e of them voet? anak toe tevot special 

elteilen feateerem, stich an the AMer elf porbe~na twint. 

ins (Scrtiun 18.3.2). Thr it-eiral reeqslt of *he nine 

test.. el4 hulzened m44% . elenum linen war that the 

foieloottng tylorseef failu~re %rrv-pill pftv.tvlt. although 

Ito n much tonenl~er degiree than ikith the Sheeot group df 

Cmoekineg. I~ttmgituielnal orrierMon usuall * occurred 

in the renvter oef the groxee. after a nrtLitivey few 

reeeeeqlA. Ilie lack uf Iementtrasieme stngth and 

eleevilit v peAeleitietIIhe grtinm.. clurtipite~l by noirking. 

too ..plit alytiro. Thisi effet" ete. pjJxsetl.Iy -tgmutctd 

let the ,.eeellneus of the rueffivient u( v~pareseo of 

nie if ' 0enim 11111IM eeeetereelhcl that of ,.tt-0. fur tho 

trvt-.e"rc ravkiicug i tm Firmslet. et-eee em~e,. ii..., e 

.ii.vr lirt4 2.nl r'..,.6,. Si-. Irivr 4 -i (e 

vtVeAM Pile 14 NlIilt lIf.Wl.%tA42&1 

Its.e e 

at Itmiek plac am::tf-n heeaxij of 

tier geneifl -tneetltfl' Aiiutloi roee kite eowperorMq if theS 

litere lice rrivijeti poit-r. m*ellupoot fneeee the a--e',ee tly 

: al t rinh i te-~lrautee4, Soirfaev elo-kedrceurk crirti-ing 

(.ee ileeliu H 9111-9 -AAA (e:ieelee lee the ttWerI-al '.trr 

at tI[%- lee-re seerface. 

CON liDE~NTI AL

.P. 

.'e~li~g~pl x 1t4i411 N1:11. -fix ,tl4,I~ fit .,ff~. 

%IiI.j F'H ?ltl), OF F WltiC WING; 

w"Is 

It 4ften rsananttrs (nomt" to-4 naitulias inwipwnt gitJuzestu 

rriwk& 4 Ila-sh ,su(.aa' tFALM. t~iwlkk~ iam IN resultt 

"(4 r"eA.'sW friolrip M inwintiivithmil n~aI. ,wwh"Iv Otto %Is W .4 tlW ifomrenR ,.-'inno, to thaiv clociperhavvi~ 

An-W54'su..m.4 iti by sv" hei voitting tiviol. 'rorlintinian ex- t..II off !he ,c'cI o-d fir-~. la lvm - . it-atl (toibit.' in tinter 

litrrimtts'" hi.e cllorn~ris.I:e fe,.iIoility oit ni. 14, f~ilwiiatte lurge4 naeivol~tt,,um nookts 4 !kv the usual 

byiwn~ louttwtisii4ii~ 

t thir pin0w 

1 11 ;n. ,mwrthiml!. weir expilfitmi 4l Disv iti.sm I fior fulorimiting 

rs- .l is r~si.i~the luwi mE 41 iIIIA after'. is. 94wh t 4rigmuttiiti Ii~ fi' fliah iSEV lineti. 

PertUinom Ws otoeuaruiPam kvyet to 6r oAiumL. Is thaw "1E themt IAmuYlrm" ua OL-s11i 1; in tits 

.%w4141,w ft( 144.41*. svvao:ilitn 4i d2 ineL.." in.'rr t4e.I A"mrgts it W. Itierd.3 if111et5'fr. 11e P""lloo-its n'.uftivic 

the. Iitcia.isit,sterat tt4,f~t.(fhi5 t~ oiI i nto% the451.4 .*cgisrtitewscit eit-neiv 4144t I4fien t'u, ornitic for0 

4l.4tirt.,. I-V~I)IIiI. Its !he raite 411' liners. Ill. U-5. ;1iu4l thei ele-ieij plttis~s: twit time. i4s Itilt a pmss..iilility 

B :13.7 UI. hthe Iieni dhIt at th ioerigiJI41(friffijtm %%ais- m- that vith Ie'vuuhittion titeltin for.0 itultitivtw -ianterwnir in 

thivvtl fro,, toi 0110 inl. tiI pl)fSin-xluat4'l' 0017, in.aitt 1he :111 3it11 t IIM-lbstm off hyimvtt -11t 11iif iitIe fIau4'loolN"4 to a 

ctisl -if tits te'44. Ilinvrrn.'týr in oIijastilo Isnwllert1 at 111.14.Ss1... finchirnetsoeo. 

41"41s in I1s11l1 ple.mtor *itlil iloomily. 'The 'Amw sit 

Pwats4us was a lack off seeffitvient Iviolt-hunvlnooffoo too with. 

ýIa: etei f~rlting -trtC-i.". SOig howevvcr. waits re 

"t Vamuum %felting in an Elceirtie Ame' 

(Itterl too a mot,,nrcable fietraie isy tile 1"4 sif te collsly Its t11. .uwthssdsl t(muaking a larg~e hillet itf nsolyb. 

Linesr .lfowrmues n. Ftimani~ niswentrit .ff Ilse liner' el'91noolex ivintle front nretmi'csro.I nftn.yifetstcnt pow. 

sop tis Is the jitint at tlw bmvr.'h end beneath the slt. Arrt. Mto. ovAisly~iwlntuni runs u10oA11 frntse the uipper 

niolgc'ris anitu ex~Lctruttl off the I,.m raase into thin elertroole tnIuswfler"tofttheolottuou sthretsarrmnse 

tl3vwning Peimetttime.% lrevrittetl I 4rartwm .f th(lie us4-e rnmting ntilis thiat its lint-i with ntos*Iylidcnion sheet. 

anti stuppedl the test. Alt lttner. "L-14 withoout .in Aitimitigh the pinove,,tso, v the- Iifieratiesof denergW 

intettgral 4whoulder t.Figprn. 14F) anti fimn a Icingt at hi;;Is rnneenrmtraitom it in m'udily s'onttwulcd. makes 

tinisi nion-ul forwardl and volovint top at the mri the ty-4 uf ri'eructrics ttmeinviiry. uandc yiekld a 

josint. nevarly Inure pmetshoot. 

Plapte flowv Of mnetal towuurti tier ninsssz Cnivi 44 the 

liner' causved bo~re tuit,.tl( tiitn whic'h tn.'ook Pd411 fit- 

Itlogtys is Larqe as'25 Il, have hs'en Cast. lnp'tof of 

eitlf? 110 , VoICis1etts1 sir 1110lvl.lenu,,.-11111 se *.alloS saw 

aissess terminattedl the test4. In tlhi. ca.-e. Imps. thein. Ititnul 1q) rontattin fewer noonmeutllhio inu'loNionns thean 

erreameu haninehte,ssof the intprtuett alloky 1IcornrocI this *oetual linosecVsedt in oulier wutY!I. 1)[t they cointain 

type of failuion. ninny pta pockets. cau.wttie by, the c.-cuatoe of water 

All the-o tyltes off fusiliore were jai~tilintemi if nott vials... hytulrga'tu anti sarliton wsos~ieshich twng. 

caip"..'I entirrely be the factt thitt the jitllivcal Printer. 

ties of the. niumlytletmotts1 -eCM Mot OPtotin1M. The0 "l. 

hiastevi in'the butt sismk. Byretn isctimin a vacumun, 4re 

(tirn:,. ruthl uan intgut w.its sttsifirsd mi thait thes fin~ia 

tent to whieh tile fle4Kil 'ff file line.' itself mnay have privitort hadte ua dentsityv tof 1.2~32 p. cit rn. which is 

teomtrihitted hits uIrs'-dY~ loe'q'n 4,~ios4ietl in Scrti4.s 

18.52. Tb.etrstm. thena. mire-weset nterly a begin. 

nes~arly Ilaut. off tiac Asaximnbn tlmespn'tio-itlenpity 0( 

n1inot in thle slevvlopaos'nt off n~ Icis'.o asa.,m1itable 

material (for Kiin liner,o. 'flu' lp55riogri pl-imcniss.It 

'111i~. Itrt '.s. sing.hs.4. s"T 1 I.- ff (nWit Nt..yb. 

ýý.w 414'14 I... ..Y tit 4it. 1I-.-sn.I.i.w.s 41hr.il the 

tDive'ýson I awl 46rasliivnssetlv t~aken iovr If% the. Nav t. u .at r...... . 1 X l . tC . W,-f .- -,. C."0 snit,,,. r- 

linerf, (fitI tie ii 'ithule )41q4.o-e --f 14,13 Iutrnisii i %% hItM 114'r t*44444531,'44 it.t-.t 44ui.,1544543 414 4 1 

tum dISI tim m~ight lie- int-strivs~ralt( in a fa~shtsluhs-sss f t1 k 4*54 " *j40t. .. TI.4's Y 

OI -4'. it to (44.444 

in I'vitivsl31.3 'es- In I,.4 11w Wri s. .4' C....srsq 4mI:Nt-r-t2 

C:ON FIflNT! %L

ae .. 

ft40 oifn 10?tl It 6-8 -1. 1-liua.. gfj. w.lI Ich ,.ray is,0in tw ist~tinic -if upoolyob-tan Avl-r, 

11w',.,iu.'-rewi 1"".4 .a 4 O11e.4' j.eew geimly.. Alra rmtvifp. recini-litfx od 1soorr dimpitivens foxekv. 

,kwernin~-8a. .10111 I~c,,gt in r~pit* 2(f. (~t4.' i Lne.. 

vw urOift -tA I.' wem p ist~ Over t"n. my-qgwn 

0 8141.1. ol41 :11 ai tof~tillselmill iebh :w mtm4,h:.ceLumdu 

253Un 4*. broe foowtbvinmemo4 low 004 fll fowo paw vomm' 

fomotaml moit ew w toivrve ,u mker ,11ifll y ton Ieniqiw. (ldn,'ioin (nr,,ef ;III juseivo. 26M ) '. !Iumivr wnax popplenwtvin 

m I1wrorm 71or 'f,.pino, off tlw. eJwed1 u1-eec no pi lm. ifwi~.dlect m *4.i. Fmi eff Ximnnm.1,u~e teweillow 

m~-tioep an' Anre SIMI 4',1inulag, l~ast in l1ed, ripcum tiAe.r griwriteo nrmtl at 281 kw awl nssangeb at 

Ohe xmin 4m ~Lrgr 6xr.16 ix stuff so( tfn. cenicuwin m. 1~~e~ :11 kr. 

11111 4 1 =4e .614erey, )or*. llowlim itm n4t ccefrjmung 

float %hMe ZM Sitet"11t '*V. VAw.ý 1144 (WNW~ tio.. inl.- sow 

fiat Ow itri~if 1101it ilos mianynt Mir flhlv v 1 .0 

133 

ftf% a 

.. , WAS 1011 

-V *w 1011I re 

.1 -) WN' 

Yeaw l4pi'c . c.ci .I~cc e, 

IW~~et ".jv,'4 c .mtc hrn, 4,1 .ccgc, tc-lM ~wt 

ur ~w.t aba 

,I -I'i 41mBIN ta llilllif te ien -n.l 4. C 

it 

fW1I~i It 'Aut 4Id!6H $9*,4 in. Ils are. an '10n~tij 

c~l 2-il' 6g..1 

1n111,13t~ i l~ ~ ~d c iw ei ~ 1111 t (itti t Il ;i "It. c cc in i he'r e icne~ .i i n' 

h~cv tut itui ic11 u,40 g~.1 ic.11111 r,. - i I~; tsl l i es Ciceni 

Off trefiI~liI ItIrt:,ce. Iwcq iIt r .i l cce,cc21 PosIs . Icc-.n ir e cc ,t i'd iA 1,1 muo. lice 11Ani11M.. re, th 

~4I

wnle..~eee: e. et. I MMI MLirif t2.7le. fo 11.1.. r. 

.4111. Tbfrnli; let 

1 Nitsflit ',"Ie .4Ieeil;el' Si5te . Co 12.-A. ags 

'Il,44,IIf Ma. 

Wtin lineee maernttial ii hen adrilaItee y .411a W4 feienrely thee tFor woolt, -tiem.' e',item-sail ritieatmi l omfI ae 

join ilteriw proewv. lauas jorouhwio" Isor "the-rue ,,imlitig. lit Offtritv~ltng 

t..zrelult tIeeesi oert e Ios Oeiha IWoo"imiwtme i..dioolaee 

Mn~~w o~wt Mo~i .i Tsnte lseeemrah-lorosmw eel high pumnrfy' 9! lrorvvwaiweeiosom vernoi. 

R,:waeosesa.;nttial .. .61 endo autoieineeum aleine wait tomesse lo evte 

the* enwslyvtelonoaeeg eeaistt. O~lid Po too the teil..tt. 

T4-4 lemn~tir. lm o4 ey~te,,, ailh#yo tev.ta% utlor Car4s-blt ealltwiIte :tifiwelitos is( itivol ' lagetion ixt te~u 

~atomotl p.ewqrit-Ailt' in zen inshlewtiuriv tie'tretl varnstinu noelt altensnm~iterm 'ilartmlt in, a post looeraf'' loon linedI 

fionvru,,. heeieg nn enriswe..r. eel' 41Ir glsie. tessourume'ti w ith geitz.e(et4a n.-tvl 44rmonoee ovn le. ta. Altorl 'hf. 

kw high-tentqa'ruutru. thenrmal in-tilet-ioeqy 4e moshmiroto eIi4 Alorg into IN ooil )svims,I mile bookb "n momf ohm 

Iheeriume earnek'e. lice. lwmtrthla iceteial 6. littie' afftm-to-iI ie'n' litetreel its a aeeeel pit with the' toop fite'with the 

joNvit2 eel ieett~'u, n Istior fr=5, iewlfielig waj .4f. '*tle rttarp ialse igoiterel Ailti a lee..., 1 , rontaining 

f.'e'tMe with a 1.1110-s rfiarg,-rs in 3 rniribl4. 2',. in. ism aluem' 1 j I He :,ti euisit.evi, aiut o.uotifee 2 to& 4e %dusoelan 

internal dialletereg in Ifhe ficiel 4e a 14eil Ili tt-ie,. snte-rovIl (N:IAN ) % ,It"$ aeeee Ims liacthtea twith :1 tape'r. lb.e 

glianwtoen 'c v1) in. liong iopw-rate'tl -t SAX) too ttXXI en-tiefi~e loo-ett atec., wir et moodl mm" lel rzepeitlt'y. only 

kaeperr.I lotmeie uic' inch ot a frtegeee-nry o9.401,sE~ r. In (seen II)I, 1*63) more having Ise" rrepeemi (sir tile "1111. 

smotrher tr-f. meltoing wave forlonxhl atoomf prngn'ie- orsten-te ell .1...,,if 2110 lb #OF mite o. lvCnn flow ' 

veivf~. aeccing ve wtvw pce ave'?r miepctc. in ai elzrhae altp rrmccisees large' iicletttwise is( -istekg anti flame',. w'AP 

PrommaudAY 0i 

t 

in. in diamewter anti 12 :n. Icingo prneieeeice. NoAsia.. -I in Filono 22. 11;i4e ofa'awas feel4 

Awnewml IA' wtongieng drilla'l Ilelme ofl mioete'rel imielali. 

eirfroa*, em a itielyil'el'neie rweml its, maintaein tile aIli' - 

tioewel byv a meee'.I. elf henme ,leeraticen. ltirinig swhich 

h ,,,w l lce~.te'e toniffeci l sinv a soalll ameleent of 

umm noswormelory feiwei~ee the r'eutumn as, melt- smismusk ant eslvfae. After .uessath Aee 24 lo' the 'iapif 

ing preegrrIeNw,~ wass rmiwcvte anti. if peieeeeihot. .eaweu in twov. ff it wins 

NMeame. elf tt~p expiee'rimcntal hagecece pneeleen'l Ivy thi,. tie. lunrllt ,te aw, it "%as brokeon woith a c'lcoel hummner. 

melting tre'hniegem, were brittle ;&oil[ ,h.Aeetm e'xtn,oiae T1w rharae'teris.ieire .4 Pic.h ingots are aothen m i 

intcrrrtahinooenarkinguluhen ftesrimalt' appweoxiratc-. 

ly 1400 C. Thbis, msay haen lrs di'n eln Ito' an eole-'race 

Filarn 23 anti eel the amomespnnying elapi in Fgr 

24. \Ii'fte N~e. 3.5. 3P, aend 38 contained a eei,.ll 

asinoreieealie material eeoflmperplich Itir ati iinejekneewsn anmient eel' iesm eer iron sitep ase an itizivng agent, eitt 

ceminpeep-itieen which apperur. ter feerm an rntetsi,,-Pa N... 317 ea'ettnintol no, irnes. All feejr ingot.t weert dooc. 

intevrs-rteehlints netweerk. Ilse cry'alzelivie Aotriietee .4P so-rilveof los %-'r r 4stie.eeeift.gae j.,iarnlcovanigraineti. 

the ingieto wave ensirose stood cisl,,enar. lit eene ra'. 

stingh, scry!.tflce almetet 1 4711 in lorngt 

Tie.' tep ed Sit. I v aa.o fine Itmir-icl findt contaeinaseej 

t were fe-fa.ehecet. 

anti at mowe., trtipetutete we're teent niwaetehvil 

\%fitele hanl star. be'gr'clitont ite por'n to be. more pro. 

ofooeeeee'c in Mo. 3.1. Sueeh eenete'rea itsevidently' tenseiet. 

thrireneeg sin amegtle eel 30 eIegeree. geeeinele'e the' mezee .4i abtle (fer twe. mit. a pien liner. 

defeornt~at icet wae. hotw. I leeweva c. a 4141et-cle',I lppliecel litt liee e'eperime.'nt% e wrfernit-4l it wine (oetnet impieel.. 

twenveling feerre alwa~o eatcoel fe'mcerym. ,uite~e tee eeletlein r. 'aebane'e inix ultioh weeqelald igive a 

A' ieistintire 4e met~lftleneetam vitt th-oritl,,e ceiniele. delgae.''e m~l eotcttf s~'lia i t note'ei.el iio or Moutee. 

Cn('1.Y~. otee. hanit-allY pracc..,eI mstee ,iistereet:et INV) C. itite. in, Witt h. eteene'ett.e 'a eich te'nl tee mauke. the'allovy 

wait. ,,ee'ttre in ,eeeiilher onatiener. It -,%;Le tIe. .eegl tfteet teei att ilt lent tie'. Fia e:ll % iiniseeeve.-let "as the at. 

lte. !leceriimie ,xidr asighlt mittimimiet, tIle' rrai, -ieze ie. teecetet lte fel moeeee iieter ileeee.ri:I (irtr ecre, imen, 

tle' efgilfe. Ilce' grain-e aecee' fAciel te. tee, , 1i,;mael~. tcif ,tinceeecem. Iitirmitef'-e4'.Ceteti~) 'a lech. it liii, :eel~teprstoiei..ee4euel 

gm~iee heeceenelaee'v 'a t fet~ ,,~llfri.. n tee Ito liee- mcix. ace odht iourfeen,, te le'fle,. Itst exidaetieon and 

CetelIele int ali rr'ua..- 

Ct..r.-.1. es. 

t 

1ce tiMtc fc.. . musa Nctttcc 

e g.j. .trcee.. i,.'ee J..ei -1t '1-1c clIic ... et9v" tccc...... m% Ai f- 4i -1m Itit I.e, %e. ' TN,, t . Mnr-4el1 

re'cce$tee I~hmi 217. tell,. If.. 5 41,c, ...... 11l,40.1 h n c~nl.0d.4 ...~cc 11'-vvce. ioto.i. Nh..cd 27, took. 1.., 

Ccc , feee t 4 * 

tLc: sedcsrcl -Ot~., h- le ~t 1 ecc.r 1c.~ .cl 1-.1 M 1-c,ecc 1) .. i i..... t, tttt(' ceecke 

~~~~~it elceeoe.4 eItce- ttf'.-ec~.e w 4'lA.I)ae.cc I ro .-. t' 1tic C 411,e1- *I.ei Iccee t cc -11".cet

141'in ldw iia4l to n-iolipol ,hIni'iiii %%ts rl '.ia "Ohil 1114 Imirt IlflnvlKg a .il(Ill111 u l IA oy ' til#n. *4 an, 4,ll4ifmt 

(tY 44IN -fT. . . AII IM-li si t ~ 1.# ' vmw 01 In ml % 

-, 

Itoab. riw Iim SpuproetwIU 64 Iw at..aaimirl its ~a~puim 

mo.D.1m ~Ifil'Wrfw-frt wjfuv.Ro d!sIf..v41o .nin. 7%r 

V...-4 on2. Tl- tort- m hwh it"-. iw d r 

INmlirml n. h-s.m inthe. fnw.. - *Ivil*'r the ne 

*"01"* re-I~W an~ 2& CG AM .144 w~I.f.(17NIm~ 1 

smd is" o1/2 r-- supb a.umoa.1 .bs A.. * * S 

LU nfluctit Shult-ni in arn i 6 

.~tmi~t~(-tc o(II~ rtta~nV...ss .4t.-os*.. .4-, In... 

1,wwtwo h-uttive"fn ..pw..rrs too Iw a pnwia-0 

. ~i,91-. l .4...i.... 

foai 1.,*1 h-osi 

nfg . 3 oow 

1 4.. C" :."I 1),II.. I " " -. hIa...I.n-r1 

noonto~ lw ha.linp .,,..l, lvelamonnu ..s n" 6" o oflya,n . %.o-tlv147. 

itvwfiu l4\-4U3 almmo t tig-ea wh miifrl". . i,.latim*I 4.. r" o. - -4 . .~ I i a 1..1 4 . .. I yra7i .,Iha 

.. pmgr. ,.-sh. *l1.a r's"i4Nnt A t .t~i. . 61I . it -,,-, II li C %. i. .A j itiuli tm I iigi...la ,ise' I sir ljixi II in. 

tilit lw fo. t~orz aoniia isov ~m ai"4 S lolit" is itr imno Is w ik l% I, 4 1A ciil

Iw.1mttI." ..4 :11h1hi,, Mellowin Iroln-jmr~alfre. 

:1gqu-mr I..l .Iso iiah.Y re-lellw ' 64 14 ' va:itiiit"i II i dw . 

tuixjtnor is( -t% ' ygi 

~ d r4*1tnelolK'I ''f t t .. 

il aret wfIt-w is,aiaIt pn-.oor. 

-I u! .nr'4tt- ;,ii, IULZ.t "A rl; ike 

-Ieot.. 11"'I lome'::, v..fat'l ,~i 'hlt wrn:lt .4 

itt;lq -maetiot flow-ing it t lo* te its" a-siii A l mo int I t. gi '.r. 2ltt 

th, Itwtotlb tu,.ll''' amosl v:ltw . Ittsoo, ,,g.tj. 1 it:, in .lat .I.'u..s frilt " olot-f*44~I4 4 Ishl rforit lrnowiift2. 

-.1iensu :1ut1tillt- n-l.itfino *4NOt1 if, vt-fl' Litlf. Dnie-n. 

ma CO~lN;~4Ew ~IEl.Yl~NLil 140 eti %3g Sf1411 e'~t'-ttonre n- ittilt -till, .lise to 

11ALI 10Iatwis Ithe rinnatio.tA( an istt , mt"4w:1fljt ,I'oltiWe-Gonol at t he 

Instett"A "~I e &A.iaeg 'wob~s-samua If, life ls~m- s-4141- 1At'W1101lo 1w "tts1' left t..-, -ofi thwOiill) InkMA"hw& athi& 

Cor t( .1 ge:i sian the 1-w"I 04;6 liner,. ,l-,4. 1149 uixW -ntt'i~t #4( nicikel. 4wi amiukel atm. ev-.ptu. *te ..telfite. 

It ;10" At*41riK4t ill~ l4;tIi4 1-It' tt~iI l'tp 111 t 4'fI Pointt#d 

*n'.. .. i Tit94 -.. II.~. it:I I.- A Ow ."# , 

flu renoe '1t 

Nevryltl 

to,,: -' 410.- . 

'.1ft %1444 t 141 nt. WtI 1 * 41f mafillf git i toY q1ftrv * n I .. le t~ .. 1 .14-A- I \wsh-10 ill. .1~gu,14 

0ilwl in SMi-1 1 ifB 21 1 061 

0oýffr~

Agw1ghrr livewsl.. 11.4 ils.i, a ,.wg s4 u,.-4 yIoh.,,,, IWnng j1...it ti.. f.,n.ialimo .4 mnfriiew.166k hi vemI' .1( 

044-0 iÎ V M~ hjplgN~tmliWl frvsto nil apsli ~It dW Ile pt III i left II inlenoiaic4 :Ir mil #tp -,.w a hirli 4.h it-. fIlip 

Mrw. tow 1w Ispi..ti..E uI' tls.~~ fr Mwuk . *110w ll~q4luhlc,g. .40 OW CIUt 4 11VtV-6M-n-4A:111,it 1pi 

MYi hi 5h Ies..1'ms.,n-o itivilinI~ in weesi. etwi~loomlls Knmng. 

CroNII)FTI %

Chapter 19 

STELLITES AN!) OTHER CORALT ALLOYS 

luINTODtCMltN Chapt~er 10 anti 13) that missnion. 1wriieel~arly in 

r ~~ ritt~i 8g'vr ~~ C er nai ameaeta elt 

ndr 

Xe.. 21. 

Ih 

Imiripe. 

m im in 

hew.. jontsw. ioe. in pert. tan moltual nielting eel the bow, 

mcamaelsoringc fivinot. In nill tefre eelo so( 14ite Hiarm in 

the euliforv ..sit moitiWoI4nitif wopn, in raueblin Pomm, 

eat~a edlaue.tin u,~n alaw k1 heit poml. andl mn the' .T7f.e gain. 31.1, whomn alu asq llhd p der 

ofaiq's. hutlae..e. amil ,inrmilth at heigh fe~aaawtutit"n. (with az hiildK iaulmtlltiofla of-ii llotw1m %-flfwzon. Wtlwvaa, 

tutel aaellskiel waur tenetilaegareee rtwe..taenrv. bas. obheuaen ,e-aieeme,. vititnso 4 11he Imere semvfuarr vraeiiw ; so hike in 

o"It'slarilitox !lotIAwmailer in uajlpadirationoo a ii, -rt .. eeisiar t-t- i-ioig acoienwe letjtiijlluf (I NIlIt sit FxII. 

Im'eva+ line-rie ins smoietioew Kaim leuraa+. mmser Arinag rim- .111 lmhaeet le -rmifeoeaniene tire walletee'4leiat. hIte~ratv 4e 

ehitiooo At. Po vee that ,enai-ia~bWl m.edq huearm6trel, imir.- their lim neeltino ptinto. Ptelliteae nrc. nutl a inv 

aisir ite with..fansl norta eha~~'e Tnw Im-nt rimp. ^-d iihtlou~en toote lon reelem .4 the ereesleti d a 

ter ele-erilormo the notuf-llargy uel sterete. N.. St masd Iay-tumvAltify pm. 

then iseaketoe the fete. tha~t hmre hera natath witto 

either liellit"a ui aloof folhueal 0-,all aiU-v in An effert too 

utiliae thiemno gana liner "nfaerajak. 11W. renrige-ieuab 0- ELE(VTION OF STh1.LITF NO. 21 

from"a thee,.. invnipiigtieeaa. %l-. tine: *iteffitte Ne,. 21 

ip aua ashier e"emlpsostiom tlint haplsisrs lte havet a nearly 

A~S A~ 1.11%~ itI 'tTERIAL 

t 

TaI .. ~eso~ehicN. 

emal. uweiaatm 4 arthe,. thatt makoxiet noataW 

ff Ferommo so a Van liner' firr will, aingij~mseje Mt a rea rasr frI~ r it(g e the ,eteislioen qo glasn oswneaiei 

v',wefr.* leer Divisuieaa I., NOW"lC the uog~io~r~ani tact.. niatfe. fly 

At the mansi time,. the n~h'a"Ntupraient 1 liesiatitmeine V. W~. Drury. (1iieel. Amitmor Plate lDivi-,ism. I)epart. 

ueSel S liii.. 21i An asv aio sse'riali meat 4he'soli loe. clearly narnl eel Meniticense case -Sapply, Canada. that pitu 

regiarei. .rnionag the advantmooee air its. haettleuni. 

norsm, anol hiatiterrngth (Itse n"6i1 Mei.,rmaatiue .4 thes 

eni,*a 

maciM.-it 

meight Ise vntigatteel Iiy vla eel oia. .ae 

av ~ ing high haA4annine'.... Ut- moaggested 

rilling). it.. eneieaat lm hrmiisimi ed wear namiaetuncrs (too leirtlair tha~t couimnlt allows (for vianiple, the altellitem) 

inmaiswiso we hr y ath poitoaalilssl. it,. govollt hitilitv wanm thes mnasuraalm its invesitigute. min". roapisat is Ike 

(athio+ pmeto mianist Mellg~ing)nt it.nnarchiinalil. elmsorl Iat mlneer r~al~~thi. ptaaperty an an alloy. 

ity (wthic'h p'rmaitaeonatifarfutry faleaaeatiem). 11w, Now .16 a n-milt oftithin. mieeigrmi~tin. antl iii "Opte tel Ctiti- 

1" M comnl irace~etivitr na! Sfltehte Nis. 21 j. an nnolmitaa oram so( it epn -ie t as ctneamfer"ae' %%ith uerenammm 

toa gaint iutel (ahieeeat k thot tol gain otart nu 2M1 C cand 

aiaeaaet % at tie)) C) fnaa Its, ean mvantuasett in msmw. 

e~qnrtae. lusth (t.'llite Xae. tI anti Ieigha-opeca AMee 

uwIithc asI~itaviacertain drgaaeaalhigh h,)t-haninems) 

eaaee-o law a gain witha a rteltite 'iner whvr. the teampera. w're. tafeilm as, en.4em venat plugs t(et erni 16131). 

gflen af thes xteael spin tittle. limiits, jeaf'wzsaaner iwmni.. 

eel hue k .4 .t rrrgth at ofiglh temsoraatsorar. 

Il..h nauteri:.li alaiatei laigh voeaglut t13iro. 4 .. 

P"Ident moi'l Air, a maate'rial witht a liirh meaaitin 

The 

polint 

11wr hew i114-1tiug "Pesintee (m.1:iat iityliosien V rtngr-t 4e 

*I " It-tprjailla uno.tre atilett.~eai limuit~atiisin. 11we 

fte witlhAtunel thiss te".t aaaise parthv tile. ra':ise that 

uatteat ionsa %%:i% fixe-vow-I sina hue ihueh~~aat ehldre,.s 

mel~tinag 5aeuiti-to' eeltier. all#a'. tie, in Ilor miraneht eaa 

1 27Af miell 1:41 C %t hl, itto ~ .1(4-N *era it) t ht. r~eange .4 

neinee I ( lipta.e 1P) :,aai ii)Aiir-enmise WtI iipt r 19). 

It wam 14. uletifiea Ilt e:1r t ha~t it %%:14 ri-Iizah ntha bt this 

11I its 1. I4.10 C . 'Iloirn i-.e-"eew tu.. hio.... Wcft'rilm,a in jois, m-i-tatirer eel .trhititer to e-I ivirit ua in this 

-- - a~ery ,.aveyu ve'nt -theiK tvat trial ia-~.kea it. resi-etanco 

ew,...a..l..eli... t o- ~ .4 hedr 1. 0,. f-J-%..e 1 * at.\ tIo. 4-a..., 

49I43, 

(:ONhiDENT1 U. 391

3a#C A Tt'.I.M.4 'aNO3 4l1T1IVN 00:.,m'al.yr MIMIaa 

.1 Grm WA n 0 immi h y 4w Severe .4 Plar 

nimhd-ulsolrnn in thn.,armlwvo R) it~aira."Rol-N. h~rnt 

u.4 

inewa 

efoStr eNws2` 

elain Win lacrwlI Aomfwl that. even t'kia.ah thoww waea *lsw..m W4.6~l-111 sig -.a%ewvl Iov tw ilt-~ l-Potlbe 

nob tatasifln 4w riveaairal sittlark. failaito 4wiaiiml 1iIt iu%-Iae l..~ lwlaliiS.ram?...1~ 

ak4.w~auat1%, thew- hr--ilto .71w4 I4 ch-4oine ~ 

ill %viiiistL 22.2.1.r 

olttiofhrnts taqmwnasfIe iln .Ivya't I~iatowpil tii 4 ._.I** emm~ii wam mtwnapvvnsI)1p.tclitwI's~i'. to ntut 

theimeni. t siese aanswa 0att isirt tiant a'r -aw taiat w a, ttt Na. 6 

rsin aaahre Its Ie'aitualt, t-isirelatiove. uni~~at tmvea,! ha - 

tVnine,.. m a.. u twn fieal tioultivjto iiiosr vrlsatn.I -ni.a 1 

jwtl~miauaaa lw6110.arfn. aateia j. 

Iiawtslaw-tiligm is(. Statute \s. 21. l it %m- ne.iml -, .!aa.- 

retertaaniin 4N.. ~tad.a-~a -a-.2e 

ow it.i 11i allow-~v 111. wo 

4.if rtnaia.4~~bf~~ 'maa~aav,~~ it oustai Krp.&ass~ cnluat '.A alintt NIP. - 

~~~~~~~m. ~ ~ ~ ~ unlopo N 

kai"wnr Iffil4sana-htta-r- was, wt-ehvtM f~w Arnsaz ta"'" "" rloitr lain Iatam-a opitl 94-ia. lo-tictlh. flaaap llx-t 1 . 

,4s..t hwer.4, ti..'.., in ! 41.. ailma-f li A 41V V/n~lr aaava.,4aaan1-c-t title"is(. Sta'tiite Na.. 21 ii,-c-ria't as" 

pan hwarn41. l~iarua. .84 t II- lai~ixii . 1w4h taw. Vollaanh n ta frilik-fit .li-auaam'.taitr'ah awat1.taaaatlaa lw-ifaam:tnr~m 

N... 2 t~Aa-tie ..te.4. (*v.paa hi. loats-.fia :11"II. #o(~ m difn-e owala-ria liaavaitrfe ah fewat li t .4 .4611ad. 

Straihite N.o. it uvm1 tewtatLu inare rastilwm .'t 1 6aa'a. most -..A' lmaamix. a..m ima rervunt.'al 4 us 1~ptet 22. 

mbam pma mamill tilt a awvrm friotin wrlaeblarh011111 qna,6, aselui lop. I its with 04~u 1a. m te 

rawnalgnwtw..4lt~~nwaa. 

turwaa wwa mae atari . 

The ofrsait~lton a the Amlaw iara. issmiea'iala wraw "-a""T 

-,wt narro. hIrrel. stilt, tiw.'.. tine-rs. UmT talav ta..e anslima 

~-44it Nos. 21 no~o it%- rrt-r~ I a 

ali-map.intoinfag.c Ti. Ia..t-hwralate'.. a. tiw--e a~ta.iia 

"01'1oafull awi a aaqjhiaeah ltw"raasoag I$( r-m-em twin-tia 00 

46.lw In.. '.....ariaa nuatleral. 

.'t'aswam. E%.Ak'n, (far tlwe ilwetnaal ulitrari~ton il atlstag 

loter-. opajfnpar !e mr4 .s tive lirma,'... .4 ..t..hia -t,'. ,. its 

ala... a in Filairtn 'isa( (liaaagaeo lot. Tiwme tiern'v . Sidliftc 

~ U..ltV ~ f PPOPERTtL'5 

OF STFLLITI 

Xu. tima the orttamv lianal.ww via'.irt-6 nt Inith g,, tWa~naaw'laemaawn 

attnrk ItY thve ,wawata'a paw'. ends ila aitfnniatiai 

.o4 the riflinig. 

wu (,'mclCaae~iino tIic 

'1NX4to fSe 

2t'~ 

S1ince a ptit Off ,aatrvial,* .( iat .tnnilitilt a..t -lanl- o-larawaaitaaaa. wfill, :a m-aaerle-t :ammmltaa a-aa: I 2.nt 

new wawea ak-ara. floorpa lwrimaanr ..ta4liti- tiltaeaIan.. ' v n .ie--oV 4 inA aaaleti..Iaaaa a ar tiaac.-ta'n Ai t:# .Aaaal hi.. am a- 

(fir the te-t tSts'liitc \a,. 6)p. laadlai M-14w1a1141 'ata a.aa a6r4te .4m aaaa, a..-t latt ad 1,'ieftl~A inw and 

it Ava thse naetW ment aim-naaeral Imaale .4 *It lleIita'lat aaja-ki-1. gaw w~ith rarlsaa a-,ta'tei.' %anvirg fwnar 0 2 to 

a'maAiW loa. rfla'.l vil itt -tart .ide-tipvietl a-tat sit agta~aol- :aaal -lietlat ieit- '~ ' ilia'' tat'r a-aaaaaanlY rA--~ g lhuv 

ia-etaaa,. it Iluld liae m'a-llent .Ira''a'l no .. 1. ialWP-.-1a ;iltmag wilai V1.aiaaanr'r aInal m-liafaat 44man~ 1t Ix, pa"at or 

maaaeainal taa taIa40ta tIaaitatir-- aa..'-we~. .Afta-r t ian-a-r .. 'lleaa. uaainal aaaai I a.a!aa ie -srl~it.-. ar 

30()-"Hala'4a K!"I~nap- 014.' .1.61' l~aar-aas'lit il'f 

rise powalar-gaaa an-na-aa. ala-!aanati~a.. a.r 

hlls t aW gai~'a- in *1731ie '. 

int'~r. A join IAA flor nat-Wa a. into% t-aatE'atit~ i. 1w tt-4 na. a.. 

,1rrl lwcar-a'-I in -s imilaart ta-t i- ia.-,rlY %%ism, a,aat aftrr ch- mla~aatiit .4 tla. III,-a%. ia'rama'-a'..- 1l ' -ta-llit,ý11.-1t~a 

awaly stow. .a,,4 rmoaaa). tlaaneapt 1. tla, ha..- le nat dlita a-1latsaa $'".ba Ialaa1a11a11 iaa-ta'ml a.! taaa,~-fait ar.' an r,*n 

No. 60 .in0,wC4 'CsneraI ala-l) laaaalitaaaliaact amu-n-a. jto .-;Ai. ima..,.. aatI&. :aal '-idta-v than wth aa-tcaao-la'w.ir. 

k aAa~ flow 'a( "aiaa rla-.w"A- aa-11aj1l-ta-Y ttaaaaaala ttar iaa&( all-a. %- .( ftla ;m-~aa a-:aa-lbaa a'.,ta'tat. Wln the 

Iiaa.'t will. "naatira 1a.r me waaaaial I..- aaaoata. fa- 5.Airr-via- a:r~afpia a-a.,aa-,at ,.f a-1,itrlita. hIt, igh, 1r:1I1aai iý -tn-a, ;. 

aina.. llaat-t1aratlac-.a l1:a4l IN--n aata-rrtitaallaain.- at tive i-r. Kitanlr midaa aaiser trittla- thtan Alwn-t Owa4 aarw.,n 

4~ll- 'at aaairliltY; aaa-aa.-4aaa4a tha,. lister Lota 4,4I-.,,,tia . Im.. *111.- afa-t . a,! It'..0 ll'aiaal aa4ap, i 

a ~ t., tia-..a'.. a-. "-.i..W IEt It. S.,' foa 27.. 2222 r.. 64a-Aa-. -4lb- ton4. 

O)NFID NTI %

to 0 

0 

VWTLL11oà% %%- rlWar tWa'TI. 41F 3"t~~rwY 

%-1, 21 t No... U .. I N... X4-l %.o. 422-191 XN1..? 

N A1 2 2 . 16 M 

Iiafv.c OWIIf". 016 wela. We i t 

kl. "hec no ifoo.ma3 

0a~a .33 ILS 0.. 0.40 0.40 

flmca cut liviv.' IN~ivcfncriaaev' an- .ii6.c1'.44 lutci' in, thini uaelifiwti..e. Two. nitae4ipovi- iaza'e* vIN"i r.e"icaill witii. S 

o4iiapolia (111.4.5~ noilc 110.6). iaa'fr 1.4..,11. .%u vi'etwnl'tivik etoh with eliletite zaipit 

Cnvctatngvnpa~ a" i lan ileiji Ivlla~i-if-i1 :W.Mitaifir'lliatctP maicailiecin pook''. 

Snintotuea o( Steliite No. 21 tt4 tma.1wcr ii'cc- laect..(1wzi~v 

'1w n.afleirliarc' viarioen cliii. ýIiihliv (anitis euc.itiga to 

li~e~naM4',.4 44.UilpNa. 21hiau a.. ilot preiaaaan' .. 4iai4gawl 614fiffalcnl 

1 aiactie eea.icg h 

Johionv awl lnatlfl!. itealci-a ,vJill mcajtitieven uch a ~ .~ 

fam-n-erifte'n'i niciaw 'itllaec. Thew WaIae'rial irelnt-tilit b. %P 

Iiriitk'4W Iin tiN'lie- tcai~ng~~i n a- g' F il 1. P, PP 

NNeurweuce~ati .ei~lnaec 

~'tcc(annt. % * 

loutitwvir6tiv. 1 14C. m4W ioselatiaitaj"iI '9V v a --. 

ettontle~ ineriaao'a the' plautpoec. .IfC(. uai 

(uC.8 with part poll thine.0 hc.'t ea~ielt tmA'ucadenflooll lte ** 414 

Aati 

* , 

anakiieg teo tle atip-tacc'alei cto iv'uriite' h ,'in 'i..I at Or 

iNowme9t. Th1in in Ii-'he't-e'c teait' Ina i'titi'e't"~ flonawal it' 

listernucernec ilt cat ir Vviiica ' ijium oi"Ia.,ciclicislacticut to % 

'vlaten 

TuKe primary'. movafiiceitrch. smaliei foliliticee Itahu'w off to ) 

$u'itite No. 21 'i6 c'aiaihi us e-"t beat ran iv. 6acoq*, 

matvpeatel mIca helxuagemul maetali (witl, Pveople eva'ccie- 

PP .. 

': 

tieveti cto orviaitioene by 'aatmia intat 84g) ('(cir iiucato Mi) lot'..' 

TinW Millclaqe coo'ee'ele'vel luttiet' cit( the 

paditi asabat icmn in cýaeiuiiar in aitilit evcilia fiz'ta tice etahasic' 

- 

. ~.... -into%$"-. ~ . a oquV'4c"a'a (nr"ca a 

*;.. t,,avr '. , X.-Ic 21 ~ lica-r: Fl~ci ccc' 

aneaq'ific'utiliu cat01 IM a'' cIc01Ill niciela ine ,tA111144 iM.4'tee'M IliW ssi; l#"1LcVaau Tui .t~ istIen-cc hlin.I.,-" cvken 

itivacit 400 C atnd IM113 (". 'lice' fe'im-et 4cfix the zci~' os ieg (ma N 1)'lt.Is-wt A-416.1 

e~taaetimxc ianaviciicaa tacel c' ivi'iaeaapivace'at it' 

mainion tl he. eiwr Itrnifl~it jel -mtlo-al v iur. :acai lt hia. 4.,t. ci-.cc 4c cay cigiKad-a 11141a:441 ii'e:,Ica tn'oee ct aisleli 

tnloau tile staiciiasty ncalie co fit- Ii,' cn-tcitaix-r'atitn.. xiucina ixtt'wii lid' :1acacccgcct isr thle' Iali~tic eseca'Iileacait. 

hiiite2tal~a flinac tip Iaigliocra eian'mlen A Lueilaza' iccaadla a' c litivi.. cef SidalitIC N4% 21 we'rn 

M ce r~a~.,..;e~i ~x ~c aaa ~ cmfin. 

1 

licivr iv soicca. a- uFsiritisa t- ja (1cla;. lacfli. i it tie 

o' we 01 hcaav ' Icy 11k t1eMI-3 "'.eI'-cll 'Of 66119a awa-a'lt tit 

Aflter IN..1iisiaca. Keimplae-. 4a Ste'i-te Nip. 21 oacany Iv Ill.' imemccc ,:atc Iva~n' .caa~m %%laa t ia a hi' t lurg tacicail va'c 

ete'~ iaei n a aicaaitor tit cal ta .~. (car itvael miole t.iahai s'%. -41cIuac' a'a c .. alvl 31141 cac i ie-' %%:t!- iVI itaisil' eaf

Ill"MLMESK 411 fWHK 01411116 4tU"i' 

apheenu.nie~ng. Ven, sifter a ism,'cw firing fWeal tie. fn.,atosteenc lr4wera shecett 10-50 :sstl mgvl C. awl tels 

motrfarle rren.,.-. slthceeegh mrsr aieentempot,c vier olititc auoPieient tcMell eew ~ elsc e thetndiinp rule~ andJ vophallew 

:snd am".enul i-t 'cilonlee anit eeel~v 4itiaeeeee..o 

ally at Xmire hoiaeeeesanecm. 

uie'geeeitor #mn thepp uio the. mofe awwpi in i is this 

X.Rk Fx mv.%Sio" 

I&tr.A of Cairleu.o CAmtent on Structure 

4 

X-eet mrithn tiomntmm eet ~fc'INIt- Not, 21 wneecm toumi 11W ccecefeeit 40 at( cm 4o( rnr6. n rviotenet in itelto 

lov uwhotheer them were :any jae~eiliatiecai ins the. lite Soo..21 in thwwe rm uOUvtow008tO.5I4 fltor efilom n 

m~us14nnle off lrseestew isprnwvi an. ciempuppwel with heh aoe-rs4 ,ctelno-Itir moss! harisesrdw We~re cetifiiieal. 1% 

tha solooitarol 1W eciw, erv vsnag e Poe -1 4 axis' allow I ON6 thin. umw him hijb a&m4 hm ropalcme. rommaeop, mo 

loso'isvan sti e~ffelM.e cff hisc~nituIoso-ilt fir rmcvianivai isems lthe teecsieaiiieiu foo pinorhif. 3.faimevotl pearisfte 

M inA $ tn evittirr. KLxamlmi.tio is( licsrcrv I rtwsnl 

1w uts'empitit"# ftrioutin% ateela olr and see gn"mwe eni 

oicveltieemcc in floor allow .eeth toW7 35% nueicree. 

A 4enilacr fieicaaighnatorm~al ijonrwitent (ultesut 

Vuating atar-neel lthe illivoliatnectetm-nt tiec'fnilitimre eiieh 0.23~%) toot A-ith irqm eiattenftm moingsfl fe'."s nejrnal 

Into"ceie rviliotmolib rooml thait them ice toiteen jprwcfcrt- 12l"'. mr ic-t iteS base N62 2110,1 uvrr oetyaidme. Iran 

tusel eee"llttmim ivt eistvlec rim a n'eegolt off thties rasetitK ig se nie e'ffe'e fin the. elnirfurr in eiftier the aim-eeamft cW 

privirso. the heo-it~ncetni crmimeon, Twrce Astm na, stifetnsing 

)jjF-untieatione eit niefurl at the. beasr v..trfiaew,4 inferm. e.Awct c acniem haopro as voimimfrosintisim-, 1*0 PUC* 

after omvcwe1 firing lrte'e 'Aeweeil csgoiiie etics with a aelolitjeiion didt sle'na'va'c the. Whcsairvnevis. 

EAme partide. *ize.. A few very (fill# tleit" vevre tmrsfeth 

esthe. fil -rny Isotopgt loli beet roeieel not teer ieklnitiWe. Ctrk &W And.ge.Ilardeing 

Thome thie. e'ieetfilto chringe' 2t tife' )m$I' fooiiae twoi a.sa 

eaglit cit firing iisec emne it( erinstal ceW alsoaulf imeto meit a 1 lia eiv iieurice44 .4feiit ew Sos t anc a Knorr meevmioent 

0414"re. 11m. nholeesel icse~frqcesvo off thism uit..q tvvitclrid n-aeteeilor w fiintireas tN44"Al an tc-f ~ 

iotirnix 6n.1 ic tioresera Xseqm nuskreke it v~ery e're..neai'trnc' tip t4so-nisic'ai attae'k Icy pMceiekt'xmsit', buat sloe 

rs-Weitent ernnkiie',as Ic..w nielling ia'sleeu. fronimjtv moo ec iftii~ety to seem-I- and mge-hauiessng 

ii'* r .,-.r- el~it" esnipIrme lote'str'e ter wnuiceeca te'm- awd it.. rtc'atieas cff .qA "61l'c hasntaose',e clurina and 

pe~tittww andl Airc vareione ot-iciielo eliti.the' f il ill%-"?- afesfr e'letscscece' Iteigis ltcflifWVlitlrorv Te,. nioesdesuos 

misto 'vg'itte off he"Wooemni. e'.elmiec-tt-~h methilmiet~e io osieee~'e caast t~intc'mcixc seer'im off mc'ssieeerinswt. Am."A 

te' etch.,. mietrctt-nel, ceepcetteee ill INA poltsi*v vas,. foainil 

tos Isf M;us'iew tcifili 80) C. T1icie iclvc'rNiec ire we','? 

intc'asee rooieto-e4orieg off the. sr..irse. meith r'Iterstsa 

moork-hornth-ning caemitu evrc'ti clinast the mahining 

mleeggsash ecteite rpelil-itiae' neai.lI temvtel oft 800 C eepetivretico (losoling willt riflingt emss 'inc-tw, aond actelitvnte~s'tin 

axmatl 2 hicenee. pooditl gIvic'cA hitcl neot tmiac~l wcmitc. nascl acr-hantieika i.- irnieeeeitissii firng 

e'ntirel, trin' fimees l in 13 c4aim. .%eicy itirnheen"in ortnm. ('eCtJ41-%4wklj $tdhlite Sit. 21 roge-hmnrlenss 

vievioriag at matso trnle'nsw temn. rettel rim. clitiffig. filuleeg mece iselem- ralviiell dutn theti's,pvkeerc ,e se-tat &tie ala. 

ew ar sechieinw agminuecc] lthe ieeertue. reIye'r ite invicet teo n-14e'he'a a teiglwt setinestelo havitnem.. 

the hexuceamml (earns. 

Wiisle m illtle"gnph~ire. re-htceiet'i" thi, neet rS'tsllyt a&& 1-)1mo ~ I)i M 40a. l Stabilt 

eurnsueseetie icioiiekl~v ielp'itlifiei tie. hec'vceneidc phames~. ijas-tie off S'a~Ite. Noe. 21 in nsisehine wins lhistrea 

hreee' Ic~is fe aceeci teoo ,ielclerw -- Aleht o-ni, mi'aleea 

"Al Fffee'ts or Hteat Tri-atmsans rIi:1lfftti'.e a5 rf-'it mdtiefo irivig. Wi~:? .,icItpr. Isnctse 

fills trur'tiear inw.r'c'il %eitl. a A-ieenk4it riteo.s vc c-w tlitwrr .50 

auimir-t eietet,,eici gnan tec",e-set. 14,ttaeceth ctc'nme'ieecc 

f~erC ee lfl ia~ n'ritmleti cc..ti s e. ýltiivijte Ctit eeo eff( Nc. eletier Own . s :et eiý w~ere iii Ie.,"c' efif-uii r' "iith 

21 ic as rhaieemv it, tieg eeeaeet. .coti d lest- -tasr~i1 ..... c ;e ceaeeflee iecrv.Iýill He ICCzzI4 1cf,tio dftt' 

it)a '345N) til le-te ti.terOw. te.- 1.1 eeewicctcete'ý the . tp~ ite si-el il -ee-ee Ow. iti- eet 1, let N frre4.-.ee rireij 

dji,mpipl e-. it fe eiI. :e evt .l In e-..iceoeg rnteet cum) c ti a, ticileic. %%itl .4Is ewiceiet vlltlict evei,.ci ti tfriect fsln 

CA)NFH1WVNTI %L

MITALLUR4.Y ANDl psimor~writl 4or sm-m.IIT 39 

rhanw, in t6- Iiny :ul11l41. '-Itlh 161111-11241111.1Own"i Iii.-tita woork to( NI21C wast tetiinaltul. liss PPMMe 

have mo lorteirinui4tsi *Ttrt tin IN- pivt~iori'iurrnt isf phein it he inrenlipzitrI fliith,1~ 

maisrlin. Kitn omhm'iua. 

Pajst .eqwi-ivonn. with %tilh'cr Alin- hIsi hnw,,m thst ma.q phvia s *not Th.,l Prnpeirtles 

mans~ W4MV0faahu whomo, MabpiOA .if sopolwiumot..p. T.vil&,.ls&U~.1 mtem 

rentrol fnuuui ,'-XpanuiilK fm~is dlunnic hetim in I 17A~Is4 P ruanafl ast faihlomos: 

ul a heavy ohmnnk-lit.S$iner phassie rhatim-An ins the ltliky HarlmormIgeeam d Ild-nlbnlifoous. Varitilil vsantPlet G( 

so v kinown III n~itru, a wflici i( very ira"41 Iixlxnt~i- StiIitte \ni. 21 (pat in ham. shosurtl itarafrem, vamu 

nofliut ~Otu er mir Inits hwvlumi reioise. iPiaioieii v. oi. betwe'en .11 unil 311 V1'N utith 30 4 j Wiest at ouimn 

nvasourunhle, rhanseu'u wrie hontniol ite. heat ilix at 'Ill, toinsprinttn. 'Musot lincris tesivil alleouat 211 'n tiw 

ut 0.41110;inco jimeru 

wass 4n1r o ittte malf 

6o wh wall loioetrvo'd. Thu1. eltanme 4i inve..Iournt-owI Sto'hhite Nis. 21. with a 104-i load, 

citn honor sr hogimesth' 0 1 the trouI~alseminni 

4110l~lit 4101 1111 M~OM-0..juiit4I61i% ii4-101ii IVi~ IItII On WD1 41.30 ma&- 

At 121X) tii 12701 C uiimonieic,tonl elkine Iun grel.- Avn. ~iwn in Table 2. Thio utility to 

edlanati. were ..ntll aral dilopesdivijl, muinos the. ,in- 

Vicmtt% hu.14rny 4 the lii1111e I'ot elounip-mu variet frowm 

a Prolll jwrnmiuiteit v(ou.-aigi4m too m sinioilh is-i'nsuotitiit 

Tuimm 2. Ilunliwsmi #4 $iettile \i... 21 at cfiffriqti 

riwmtoittri "noi..stwiI with Onto .4 WD) 41.16.4ref. 

totmp 

ohialuioa.. E.1ilini ir. Iipiid air r-mist-1 ot iii,)r'uantnt 

ifiulnsoimul~t 0 

vlols \n 2 W 413 tood 

4 thaniisu. Iuint, off thrsoi QImKoi~we., Writs at 7-" ~ -me 1- 2 umi 

Purit t'noieiyii iltaxilstnuie Ini airosi ft tihe oius ientor~q IVI MPS tPX 

in line lenti~h oshanh fiinpi~; m'wh decrenase in Rin..u 20 314 20 

l n ith - a nut .,eilrl lt friini Imsmso' st~oiiI me1 

I=m 

V&41 

242 140 

VT Working Propertiesfo eI lonr -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 

Forgi.ig and Roiling retain a large halt 4f it.. ..xim-tertiperatnra hard.- 

Stelhite NIL 21 ran I* hoot-fitrommi or hut-Polteel. nets atel e'Ial(-4l teinuormlum' liea istit-dtutnding poip.. 

Ikerunse u( its hisdfthlmeriuprratn oten'ngl. huf~witrit. erty uti the uctollites. 

lot is muth mee.itit. lft-1la than Wtith Xtrelie foihr IISA srifi rorarvityan nolesuil,. Tgrapvity onfi at 

minvoltiuflall muaterias. The 4rsteuititil retinirmeinntot 20 C is 8.:3o. Vatr (tit density att interv3 bleItween 

fur thle houl-rolhinicit ( Sttvllite Nis. 21 amrte 11 muoite- 20 C anti 800 C are given locluir cantd thenirl ennatie 

uf a Ieriuslrly Withb towrintsentin (ahsiuit 119 Ie)fficie~f.nt 

CI andl a runiptirutivel 'v "multl nuhwit-mc at t curh paies. 3. MItIfe Naovr. 7thiuo alikmy doinc nut have a si"rp 

Miaring ulhin ug.mt .ýrtue rlu'tian mea anti nutsl that nieting poisin lo hea ias a fiasiin range over which 

can app~ly high Iu'essuinuu aire mv1 niarrl, hal iht Aset or 

strip uit li-nitezi usi ci an he pruohuec-ut iii iahuioiit any 

quait taid crys~tals tmcitist. T"hiss tusin range ha,. out 

hwcrn limwateil utirrnrrly anti is influcnecl by varia. 

liugtm clot.fr'cI. Thc mwoa ilcusirjlile tivinjornlcitn rnuie fictio in r~im-icial ninapoawitiom within stporifleatica 

frfwit (rinx is alusi~t NO cit 101)0 C.. 'Metal w-irkt~id 1Y Iinito (fir this tlluitv. lue out4tingaaidomnttnintirangea 

s~itgiauit vr nlling ,.woliu s 11 exltvtar 

t 

:iiacu noil 4ii rnin tunilittluly lie Niintwaeir lobetwee alinat 1280 C andi 

reinemetiint. (Anrh niotul ine very luail aunth aii-mill*v or- 135A)b C. Cmishuu.t. invlting imay cain urra? somnewhat 

ituin's hetIt'iat. iiiig Iniriurnli zilu) at aus ict 1101 C . liightrr I Imin I *I:A) ( aun values as high~i 1s .ti C have 

Sa~tedil \ti. 21 caniucutt lie otcinuimiuaini piert-vil uawl I sin alligicI. Te1110611t1Cu intrrr-ul toois fuirther 

maideli iiitis -4uiuuli'ý t iduing. Ftor this reuisou tnAstino~, Moodiy. 

ile-4-rilsul ii 4-i ii'9AI. ten 

uisuI 1 6'n tiut n .1 in i 

. rutlvo Omit biin rgini, We.re Tit, ruffi! (oi.ffi-if *.In. Teini..tratailre ili.Ibuation . 

1i 11uii) K -4 i l- imrk ii a ih 4 gll t sn ..5th machiiiu' Kuin NIM-nl aWit hiiic an willhot a 

Iiw int' .hImue~ve,. gPildf fqI .i iars ateri ihdhjlil it) pteIvlh litier Nmis uulnuady twin dimeiis"l bmriefly in Ser- 

Ilthe p"im tr 10.1.r '1611iiiotcn. It 6. likeIv HIM %A004i a l 1 i Ii ms . t.4 nei livnisal meiffivieiits ut St dlhie Nci. 21 

iii ~otu ran lit. miiuiie fein mlollud .t rilpa leo imhuinculuti 5 :, iuiugui thI *marhinlc' gun Aiii all- giivu lithre itt 

inI nsImsu wnin Iivx~ aintle twri. Talr3.i l' 1 $Ilcit i.a 1pinrha unl tii t lcld.te 

CONFlIEN'ti.AL

1 Thn....I ... 4 .. .I.. .4 -14h %No. U9VV11 .14.~~10 6el %LT4 M.q 11mqm91 1 ~ t bw. 

TI"_4IN_ I 

lye 111.1 SAMS~ .2 

410 IL7 IAN 0.013 41.41 am2 

"ihrIn"(,inr a ni olom li s na'.. lii ltwe-ln turn4~. Mt.tttIem,.imt itWojt l~to voat tw( &at iss Am r innity gronino 

wl. A hirlivo-O ml"innat i.( thi-i .iffi-n'nitt in fttwnit.1: tt menmay con.i.4 4if a 4atglr wlin. XMi6l11i rns.ginig 

prnt"" 6, dittt in a nontintt.,qb. Wotit. 11ws ittult 

toaaginE utttvttm in tho, witi. *4 the lit".. law 

froin 23 ai~llioi lot if)tiimi .u I" g w'r n.4" 11 it, 

Uini.W.0inIg lt it t iltie that A" Wislttiiltt~ntty .41 mim. 

w~it 'e.'iiffmniit It,:rn thi".6fwa MVInsrat:1r-teel itutyi tilt,. Isail twsnoii..a..'ienh t'#wt ittrst lifentttn ytonfrivo,. 

low, 2110 nittuila. File hernia, slati~i'loo o6 jthi Paaps.istig tt a illrititg n tq4s. It .4voalol lor "unwwtia~lmn that all 

tenilwrnttianu ri-i- nw,.. ratidl.lv Iit .4t't4 titan in t40. rapt (:O Ir~ttnolrt..1antlo. .urh 2* -ftc0. lotWa ".a 

lite.. TItetittal vffvq*t% in 1voii hraumt. Auiosotg firoxlowga' l. have a muther intle&,initrelotA.ii mootialada. ot~pere 

brnmu.I o is ' 1 11 v~a%6mw." ..wr a mwiol rnin .4( expeilmnimita valiw',. Only 

latomokler euinvo---a m itb asb ooslooir. Ad"-' uAnmKAa uuawti, havo krwsf vhalole koo their m#Wuba 

entlial diltnttrnote, laIn-mm noawn Ioletm-nttorm.ailu 

t010 C 4Avottrl not th'ntlr iarrfr-,t, andl the le-titiog 

stood retooling etrven wen nea'rly isirlitievl.- 

~. taiamI 

24141jte N... 21 (-tn lotnal-thineo rratlilY with fo.Yp. 

OMLhanea e tutisltiag litt .l~ie itotall amt.aient4wnp tin the 

V-1"o-a,..ict'ull tlatam listte t"It-n-alt' ntto-riie. liwni. 

"tie... i..tpsaat vinn-tiilt. re~nlnmla-uintio~ei uiuhljtvlf 'O ti~f .ttpartl 

of tuwlhivi. gun IsatrtH emnntnufacttrm... ntw ,.efli'ti* 

Irvottttiti.. Arn- animinr moticyl i.- the nattaitirnasg 4~ steililte 

lint"r in iormalttlia.. Iluy tiewteisf the- prvttorrur. 

lite Noi. 21 lanlt :tt iua..t Iai~aaratiitimm itand itt elea-~tedt ltatla.iltlsol tuofa natal cut-' 311, fredI.." uet,-rrotine, in 

tenptpsa-ttimtrm osif.thinitw,4l ttirinit Ole *tt-Ilhte-htt-r lite da'i'altpitwnt wttrk.' it wiao ftitittl that it wan 

11W-ltitt~t fi'tt( 41 11Oit N Is( Ii i -I'l121g. IN-tat- 111114.t a-tnta-r fit. lpwiltI $s4ti- Not. 21 lip rho-e lipleniv 

tr,,tnvont and ictiehianirial a..rldttg tm In,- v sttia'-r. 

4 

tie% were Mlti'. Ste~llte Not. 21 baa.. .',awal~ta 

iont olimntttat,-. ialia"t arusint-jine 4Ma le-I ) 4150). 

Illoetilit %. :1141itl itur.:t t n-ittnce. htlollat "KHOOnet troll. 

rtlirrt uttt uualit 611w elIvtatil I ttiqxrnlaira tat-.1-ta'ailol. 

i-rel in Madialt-ta Kiifl ham-l, thirnirn firiiag. I tift -nit:,. 

Sittlit.- Nit. 21 t~nmtai, niitmei diatt til Ix-' t'eyt tid 

ciii ult:l mid lmost ZS par inl '4 rhi. .taimtn. D itrnng 

tiomait .tls itiq- aitanaiat-i pe-.'~ia-. flu the hi-o mitiut. ili,- %a.r the - ..tpplv .4 to-thl nwti-tal n c..iritiral. Farrnt 

fi-i ttlal ill thle t "-'joi .tl it i. a "U'.a 'tI ttiiiii'l bY .v ntt.11iaiv. %%fntlivl KA, k.-.. it-1 thl Ait pun. ClITrVinwi 

tan-. an- gi%4an itl T1ahlo de. I At a tat1 tAF lI .~d) ý1i1 .ail tlv , Imnt4 aithe''i.r- " .:inao :adI.tuaiatv t1.wk pile it( 

am git- I i4r 2' mtiitri-m. '11w t--t le. ltaar ate- 4.n. i -e. mixill t. .n-ta* llqofl1 ilac itclilla hu T ite,1 4T- f. rila-il 

tin Taltle 2. 1-1-4 i i l lt thei.. it tiu l -tý, l1it.- A1'r,16 .111%1)1. n.Itle' 

- IMt vit fri ii Oila ll.tc-i.m 0.tiyg.. D ti thug trie-. tif %ara. 

T"Kisr-w'ri.1n mt* . fpoa.%I.t l .ds.av a iitltla. Mbp 1t..' - -tac-11 111:11tt It- .appI) %%ill 

Tt4

~f, T1JZT 4W .*TKLIJTV 14. :1 

4.~ ~ vorhn ~ It~f. i..m fvýsse . -44i.. 21 in- - - uim*aloSA IV - Gq. 

Vwqdw Tesorp cmwah pm .4frotiod sudc *4a-of arm 

Art~ist 11 n 

41 16.M 30 2 

0.-4- as W 0- t. so.-M noi C."fW4 M r N*.,J" - -t-.iw 14" 1 9k 

" "A4 at6...fts.l- V . &d aeamF.hl 

noa4 lie. ,ajhabiae.. Cooliti oenron So, n" t v w r inm thme, ehunfr~imw .4 .'m~ig4 1.t lost in~AamwN-oullou 

Canatfian nirkele e'rtm !out ip 14petalir Used ,vtI rrtrii In- lintit" ,rnjotiesl~ Ity CI.,' sondi tt,litsic andely 1W 41*1 

ranook-f 49' lst rin o-krl ittem . If ( A'flite 'isIo I lie' usel in fitypsi 4.ait'inm in tfrrit~ory inishest we.' feoe,.t too Ile 

large antaw111ls fee.' Kn HINsTm. .Utanitins, smitm4 he OV£1e1m equ1al inain pu -tlK'?fItIIai'lerto UPAuld Ity~c4 ete~l) inve''s.4 

too an a*,neml. 6rup eeuixdfa -emppily ina toartiasme 4w a uns'tl4ati.ctng.l54'~l. Ham er, Ccilo o time fioniw.' tyl"mm 41f 

la6r .IW Ptwilol k1 k astn. lip. avaialaik.. ruAgciuK. i~a t..m~ lme cnitriforpal cuute. orvqetiw e'est- 

*A LTIIi7ATION Or tT:lr1 NO. !t 

Piol'ralsIy 11141n. KniCIII falle 1151.1f'ttitlln lote finish tht, 

But"'. few, insoertimea. In Inren invisml itilseelI. it waso oIit1 

rul t"lr iit u~tto.AK ahl ilk4tifo 

ILInrductionimesemit ,~ie 1 eeI~trifut'i th(Mniit-4rasting 

10~ie1- Stil ns6111i" ' l enrifII1f ttf 

Melawting~ te".4,eintemue 

I& uflkvft its "or d1w wemot vffmtt'r ttifihatiolft eel we.". Imeing p.tn'li"'e tiu te'li'ee H its e4.Iack.ll Iw tlW'.n hlime 

renorlialik vrsimrmem ,Wi~uwra Stilel wouml wiue..a. eel. wtw ts'teid ""cm trnnimaines *4 Otto isdivA 

"Ia lmoep~itw so( $te'hlite \4o. 21. it -vam -weealial Itoe intetal Imoomua. 

e'ikultatetile vafleeqtm ligoeseiele eeuletlpsl.' ef o awiratinug ihwt imolsetiant violinein'tenti (air ~any ote'llitt-inc 

this uisew andtme f aplifilinpi it tit pin linen',.etC v'arnnee ra-s tgn is., I welsens iren ln.4tktS.r. i.lonre 'Pull~oin's 

with vr.".rrt ote lite~ feapiluihity ci( tilt nt-tlmmivi tv aity * me,"Irfowntancre. it was. fecmind nwer.env itee ratin 

arnd lee tL' c'ffeeiu n(f 'aricohms furtteers e lit tr irifioenn. grnjiio r1 finer h elt' ii.j its twit directiti'iim at righit 

mne'c eafut inilmw min IrAm- i meIqeit~aintin Pivi'lite' Barrio. anide".. Atlmeeuech tile 44m~nne. 

e trastinP "" I'melde 

oeI4tennlajlW, tuiper ilteflnjfle' ''lkn r-teiiiirapliei,' aafter 

aaa ~Casiling Methods*'cedtemtEeeIIeeIatwaeieteer-srvi 

Tlw G Bleero, oit tttehhite. \4s. 21 ite-teil weii ,ie'.' 

t1w intervli't. isr ..xm".' anti evoocolytem cis iw..sluctloen to 

radlqgnltehr Iiietiscr inflrlitinit'. A :4-'ii-to(is firisig t". to 

parin'e in ini:4eslnme'nt maicetele. 11iA jl~saa llK-eme',4w pre'- wafit vionelene'le'l itse cer~or te tihe apit-teranrI' aef lime 

e'.n VaostingAi li:iie. pruvr'tif '.'C".. outi.'fartmvn 

asraIl coeme-aif et aats ~i~liop line''r 4-21i61P WT we 

atil raiel r-iisp'tt,t with firuet: litme'e'nate.,~~ It tav. Imeynv Le-- 

N'd, ee~e finuitely e'st31i4Kt~i' I that rveheKr Iw lte ieiel rdsllow. 

inywgrtieen in eninvleine mitti lmeom'he elf itiltrjue' tie. itep. inseere. enti.4ae'tuwe firingK ix-~wnfetiiiee. In utuhetj 

act'itweI in Cha m;4e. 22. '16lue pating ins-t'thesi was, ex. tiopm. time 'ti~eets etf rarifttionec' it( vree' inate'rliae anol 

axLieSo rocetsumer'i withe rertain toll..', 'lime'. teat tilt- eie:,mm*e- in tlip iv-lutiietur elf inveinle'nt ea.-Ient -aerm 

se'.'n'il reset was Ilew. herreemese tlxrew. jeornicsee Fasting,. reer'tel.". with lii'tlcfutatue' "tit fiinge. All cif thte.-P 

mn~eirvi'l a minieuinl-tea g'.1 in 1114aeht 1 mand ielnivig uper. -tlltches inm.Aiedr.c lite n'hj:,ieiilitY ci liner p.'tcrfrtminuei in 

atiscit til etiniplo-le't a liner. fee.' itse.tie-mi. 

I'e ng we, ~'*je'rferti iCerAileRM.Wollt) iadije 

min lhiter. e'a'.lI , 1) fetile wiceti g 1it14-014.110: (I) gri-kn. 

~e~me~ie~lI 'LI 

Xe'rvev wrajmecct.. lte elsic. it 111:IV ice 6statr that 

inVest cctente ta-.A~illp nlaue 'ee11pitil a.1' tile standa~rcil 

tait-Ic' .1 cis ptcjn'lttfh sle'hiite Nec. 21 lie::cll-4ee 43I~ 

1 ee.(2) tiytee~ceciui 

en.. i, (3) viieetclv V 'lI~k~t:tlcl611'qm'I 111-10i 'cc'. It 11-1.s lIXTH, IteeM 

etrahc~ite..tceeie eclie.:te te'tAt r11ifeewil reisting in eivulee lv n~i e mecse'leI licve.' "er. tha lcit lItesm-t. m 

I tese te4etcucictges'c %%'n- 11,41:14 lose s t - -ife 4.te cc l~ ti oii e le (,.tit% .ce 'e .r ilv t,..lis. th ,'01c't inme'l ti e:1 r - illg 

thme'rs M islet wAUX 44sist rItll I tee :eICIN'llitlist-I Uiw',Ic rats'ee' leel.I'leilssmccy sol nc~eeul.tciil'a cli 

MNFID NTI %

To rhix, oiio 14111.'I.I. .14-A Iinouwith.*1 a perUice lining fosr to.4.e in 

larpm'rgive toolvew, somosolem-w 1iid..Ea 

.%.t1.~~aiUV LL%.&aMe 0ee.'a4MIR9W 41tL bA. (Ua~oilLOOL .UESCPANill p6Meila Z W' 

Isvp xlxwnf tht ifNis mll lsm- it- ..tvw hileIr Ninth a-t witimmmld a nwt withm mim~emitn ott4.. 

tee'iw~~~~~~~~I mwg~nt ~~~u.. mm~~-u oI ',I~ lite is Ilwht flit- omt-44 anoil vs4lkipm. i..tmomlmi. A hoomd 

prelsismIl in Ihisswar' siathl Ito.ql I the.Iimin~d CI 11rn;,il .utralilav 1d Sl"firnw ft..t P"inq -I 

vaatg~~lorjmlmmmne lev tier sm %.m'i1 mIeh.I I6....l 14..' umA 

Mortal lor .Iirnsinnntio 4p( Ott.' nu~ttj ,I i"' o Orllt' ~ 

nU1emli Allows tutui 1im.' :mppgaiom of tl1im,:m.'r l~a , vto n 

than i.s lwa.'ti.',l anit mos t'.imK. (11 is, iit%.umllI tse "ntin. 

4 tlm I.eM.I maul 1114 linus. Mobvm. Wis". 0nmitablyl 

'i"mil tim.' "Nimm ine all rap SW 16neno too ut. t'iii4- 

Istaeoift Iminnuie 4I c us'i.Hgt l,.er ie 

Itm. 

I. wisooloqml e'Iiaminalt.. tim.. neu-'1e.mv fora r'ttidmna 

mid lonlsittol 16-e letroheum.nI 4m( 

1iw liner'. flotio s mviianV i" 

f' 

3. It ntmqmilml totak.' fmeiI.Ihugth le miimn, l~artmicjmaI. (11w 

lmoor~tlittn -Inol Ino'eulnmjeam ilmeN'tgitot smE flmmlI-khiegti 

11mw hi i'c'n r" lilfinilt so lotsin4eami 04et in SM16 ..j 

4.Is otte.ImI luip a ;Wnclit-ad emm.thisil to( upplyiuc.* 

6Iwvt' to Silums. (it is. hffBiIti lot emaen Lm nerrapo'np~ n 

that amwn' uteeml anael Erv(nie fru iow Iiti.,.Io's. Ar~inkaw 

cav it'.. for tllsi' ii t s'',q mmi ool, 11w finael prinu- 

lip m'e'ri'v. it invtoIlv'u a'~,~'ndmi 1i1WMMe-'Muniqm11mg ' 

AP4AI'lO'ue or FUMNIOX'I3OX111D ~ 

Steibte. Nm. 21 unnptilis id'l fpm mmiticnth -h. sm? junorlmial'ngtim 

Iinimim.A in enf lmw'v.50 itir-riff imitmeimit' e int 1imiss. 

ly oevvmrl nullm1"isi i,1 immfit,.mmn andm imie"'tiamr,. 

ri.o. k.1 3.t '.nI,.'.'..VW Isuomt4 

t 

:I.. .4..mmm IWiUý.'4um gem" to"'. 

lio 1-vivvt 

"Mvsn. %'.Imtjisnut 

SIM~l 

- 

'STIELLIT'f NO. t' T i oo,7-7hut 

arrosortehinic tom immwtllaETw$-Aphi l,'s an#[ the 

liniiit&s .- torvijtil tell tlme rE(sross.Thg firingFrit' 1trm 

.~j,,wi$ a l'inm'l i-:tIiIl%- ..Ul ItrnrtA noth 12. ael a Avilitm' lining 

/ d * ~ ~ Ill., -r..-i.' Nal ,ImIrIf.se.. A -q rir. * f 4"In., t',4- 

17 . 40 

tm'm I tilm' to it Is ve 'rammic - -*6 . 1.'-, n-' lay 114- q i a 

nt.".111111 ' v -i. A mon" I F'iguef 4 7T*-..14ocut'tnrt. home 

t ili .. .'I -. .... .n.* . *ii~ .i.ni.. bYe tliim iim-1ti.oa is, "Imimann I'in F e S. 

tinmirulm i.., ,~mik 9. .. h-. 6Lin- 1-, C, .,rob-ufarm I,' . e~m bor 

J"to i i i .... n. i~~i~~i . ii(..nii . lt-i12'm. -~ ~ i 

hnm'edim. m1411- .mE 'tmid 

: ''~l mi i I*~tiu 4'4Iei' ''nai 

CONVID-Nn %i

nat l~iner Wtott- i~tol-l jinlit'1Iaem4 by iII.6 wljhio N:s' orrm w4+.~lWIl wisn aall .. hivital rvINlnhl ill hap& Iow $Go-Im *1 

leraMimatita f d&es, r1wvp.'wwirisoalp PsWUiaL rummoeA is $Mcvilbu. tl4.. In aslditiopilt it tlWvor. thift 

~...-M..ten, .. eIARIP W." PsaMi iip. 5the 

.'...;r 

tot l]w "net. 

t m 

V~wn.., hug M mlvig-ilitir w4aomawkt'ql tip 

attila m 

*qiingit I~lhlWVit11144l swu'I'tni a .1"ItimIor 

ni for r l~l5who-ir .tV. A .Siaegrvimi f15 lvrn44 

we 

" uft vom 1g 

arntivpir I~ww flper-a~ewkim. ip e'plom no Vi*i'u 4k, 

Tiu'M I)? jwimmihoor.d A ýI-ftrmut ,4fare'144 waaloif 'I no 

N OBN 

p litter Mmrfarr son tw hakes b o ffc a4 Mongre13tlI. At01-d41 cO. itMiSm Po i 

ilve.5 i tr byI111'? toried ltpa'wsi-o~ 4n0a 1114y~tily. 

kite wc~ling it iris. lse ,4*luvi.,r #of the intital isiol ICA1 

Wese duin firin wai~ll m114nifeilIS Tm,. ilvvsl.',o .5 i su 

isihawe. mucht poaimi. few rLining 6rwi Itco tulorv.. 

Th"~ pir-n .fie 4 toonrh oleli 6m mi' puw ew~lis: aimmoem "a 

in twoe. ambtflng wata fliter with aotypwsm-luiw "11l 

alinnir-lwlrtngn" tofritee. unt Ilse thim nS 'phe'vre a 

me14tallic arr4. ThW emttlmic-hlwdnegcn.5lrrh wselding 

prof-ess' uppl'urw to Im- the nwtskt practical In.thimlS off 

flining ihe gu-n p ihs' t weei tiem e 44he f poofilhility 

of auttomnatic 05' felt'i-anhtomlatlt applwntifin. 71w 

ozyvartyemmrn-orph merthod ml n- Ise- n'insimtlenll-n 

siqaitable tintil r flnx is edevchelpiril which will permit 2 Ism 

neuntral flanite alrnstment to yiield tileoitlse. !rcu frill 

pirkup of excrtw carllon. Tile ,,jetzihic-are welding L. 1 " 

prociesse nppmuu prurnuslo. es'Iweially lsta is nmenis of 

relmiring -qirtact' fllfort4 in os'5elite tieprits'.4 StildIrs aU 

of theser p w'.et-t ishhwdl I* cotimlnuci. 

In alleot lrinfusiionuirinru.-ti'ig nedtsltelacam.wal. 

faesoaury to preventl rwriruul rmninuimitiojen off slth 

aselhite by141~Md. (.:-Pu'niallv in tIwIlle. thoeliis' which inlvnh'ewl 

placing ond15,n smwt :i ailuoga N144l'4 uirfure tw 

Fmi'mit 4. Dimetmove, sit fti,,u... se--iftilyt itrnay foe 

printw ýeI.sot~ettr~~1e4tI. X(... 21. MTim igurje 

ha ievora. ss. mi~w e Figurer 4, Nilt DWIts hisorl A-417.) 

rent rifeegal sHloinning it( smlittente illite t' raiillt ,'tc'w. ol.w'r aiiwths,6w~ ooapulyiutg me4tifej5 huininori coatings 

flw liartimiwalr peweibleits in-tilvceI in pn'porillK ftill- tio puin tami'4stor emxplitrnl :4s foillowes: 

hu'nKtIh IiniKs ll'V fiel,1'.4 in Aertiolls 11, I I.6' Ilel w Sp~owyJ.CfmI 'eii#usj.' Sivl'ita' No'. 21 wase. ppliet! to 

eff~iv'ts fil lierfeirmnton-P4c oi'eitaielintii- 'Is% Avi- an14:1'-t. ~ ,l' Itui y. list usv oa *'s51rmtvguIn.- 'rho prolli-f-1ms..41 

ill Sq'q'tifin 19.4.&. 4,S4-ltiuln d. ala0 e-fa tuhhce'Issi.ti4 n'Iplicsa m Iingle blel 

mirfiare. lit t he t-ve tif 4A1. foil" w' ithi an1 internal 

OtSIher IsIrtloulst of .A hlolk iosg Stellite 

hlui' ~ ~ 4o e Se~si:tte Iliehi o 21 o Vll iu lem'..:,. 

diatnelte'r-4i It,.- I hi I , ii.. i ib4. mi-t'S isoIs %%e1W in)prarivalt 

ji -e1 t heti 11. 1"5 5IIv-1 ts'titeh sl%~oCi 

1:11ismiu.,ii mlii 11141 sllitfr. :11i.l 1411-ill' Ii's'Slef1'rimllfs 

i'.Iie~e - iir,. :.ho'u a Ii-i v I.' i~v Si-enS s. ill Snt14-611 till ft.i' thSick .pr~ay mat.- .14i,med 7..no 0-i''tgtion 

PI. 1.2. liinrrsý I-A (ninet me. .rrtql nml i. Siu i.t- 19I4.3.7.:iu ' eg mofI..I.,.ttu . Slit' ent4SIiallival 

CONFID NTI %

VERTICAL COLUtN 

AMi T*ACEX 

VERTICAL TRAVEL 

) " 

INSTRMUENT TNAMSFORMEN COO_OCO 

MOVABLE CUL.E (1 

j7J{C TUBE 

-: F ,-". 11 ,:1..,-I ' , , 

f - " . .. fi" " ' m 1 7- - ' I" k ý . " ' i i l -n 6 . 1 - m I - f :U 2 .- . N•l ;( , 

f -.. )s.1 1A.. N"", ... 

CO)NFIIDENTIAL 

• •Q • 

• •• • 

S .. .. .. , .. ....... . .. .. . . i il -- i I ...... .... iiI0 .. .*i ii . . 

I 

ITII 

St 

0Ij

t Till?. %Tell% for NTELt.M.IT N416 2 tat 

~ai 

IM0n1111il- 11( ,..,rh .i.'1111'il 11.1gnk4- 1114-,, 1111m,.ggjt v , 4, .I :nni~:tnl u:innmu .:i fvwoijo."t ,4ilftfKttsl o*- 

Isiii'. ...'fier inuei~ati' :l". 4 

jwilr igs~ 11iri Ivk-'uý,l -so- :1 r'irn'I thiaing irin%171. 

fn'tliwoi oir ,Igfiyivtlg a1 ilai'? Hf '.ti'Iite plinYs tit nni in. 

111,419 "4' pnWntrhOhi'11hf 

frapwoiew"I hy h"I..A iiwq4, "toww cnnv lor ,h'"%Jtftf Iliringefo n*i." rP'4ii~p4) gnlotm i-ianovnpe (f,.riw 

4 

its (fosuu a V1.6t r 8lnt-e, 'i 61 irta - . W in-n', V*litew4141 in n it( tN' orn-iIl:i;IK nS oi dijtt' liifwl' lIV rifitnvillnes 

VjItinni 1 it, .11 lfottrit-il*slim-h:1N.I' C11141iw tiw. it-l waxt plaillp ow.g Itt mer Ian' octro' : r in'n. ilof 11 int',ý whil. ki tel. 

.iualtI'S1-1int I he walit,41 ai ii'e.14 tglly'. '11wMl' nfsot .4- 

-ao i-fiwton ;,nlc- it*mnlirwnt"i w"n iontrnwi'l ter a 

hi.da~pEnqatiffoijrO.f.n- It Ic~i,.. lit'Is.' lit 111ilY myviaS 0 

this' i'ftontwurntt tni-i:164 *4.1 leii Not. 21Iit ilk11. foaint.,Ss 

th4- 'rin.sto ksca the, al,htk'wno ltigthumwr t :a tio-t'ir- &L.40 

fn.i..su" pi,'n'.. It "a. :t (rnnImlin tim:,' ;itts. s'fiiibl od Iw 

uniw not rritrvid itlatig fair eviws~tweg t" e-,'timtr the 111M often 

It~tt'voiurriiI fm(tin~lnai tv #of 4"s t ineithsiml. PON mUtIAMji 

1'ariouit Factomu con 1. rronanuice 

ini ,at'iitc"him-l rililI'r..V1 nairno'nt ,niari'jne wuin 1111%. 

rtt intinter taevaittisutt else ititlooirt;ini'i'f iie 11w risi,,n. 

farti.,,. -Aljilst .'intti:l tIn' ;n'rfosiiianan' oil thi, IirH1,7, 

with a Ian'.','t liuner isf Sivit'Iit' Noi. 21. tit adi t 

. Glum tat 

'iii' 4~iillt~t tin' i'ffr4't,a to vlitait 111 lffloo"IM 1211 

rt'iuIy t"tN'finlsr int .'Wertai. 19.4.2 amu 11.4.3. tin' 

'11w' tffe'.tP4 oil vaiflitttns, its harnel',v lits i'atlar.L T 

It-in. lf~''ll'lt4i9thiners, a-,twnie'i. r%., hiti~o. 

panqI Iinero vf'n' .'rkiw''el (tor lutrvlvir.. and with, few 

c-crept i.mcn we're fnittim in; raltn,'Iv ii~i rtit'" fi,.ti 201 its 

30. itrkwe'Il C' witl, ani a'erattr to( 25,1. T%'.m liner',, 

w A 

uitia . then .,tq~ ijior' fir ,,'111.l itwoflhlt Owfnow 

A judtfti f liner" n itli ffiLIfi loom, %%;r L . itSUL1 s 

Ir'IfKrf"". t)Mt t-mll~Pilllt.nlf'~ftf'iflfktf iii. X 

fwr tervliilf.. '191u - if ' tlft- ..lflf. t 

i %iinrnh. Ic:trnrieAlotmI prffffS " 1, %.lff~ i, lit-' iii:'iv 

riffiilg 11sol Ii Ii' .ffijfetf.I~ If, fiii Ivtlvt. Thei f', P.. ft.,ý 1,19 f9fFfi 919 L. U J -'4~ fIf, \D*i 

re-till *u ofli Iil 'tfl4 ii,,' jrifling 1,,l:coa R . 

.

W4 1TVUT),34 %%to OflISYVA Eai3I.T %I. SV 

fee Jointing wion fmiei. Ti- .....g.Ii(f V2 

us* som sov OMI.qC~ jwtr~trooiancep 

nglirwilnS 'AO. g..T(I-nwitm %ith la- the ,llit,' liii.., in ime no 4titilncjaViitw. 

pb~w. Xitrielng P,."Il fiftt. ifni,.v. leffert~ -on SttHi~p i,.,. Thfe 44 .q4 I'lle.si mw4te a~~ ihws 

21 &" ulemom haum.rl. .wa~sm . o~vWtc I m a t rmw ' am, Stelate, Ulawnu the iua nuameAimma. " mt On 

#lo pneo ion g1h'r 11w cru. 4 

aidedno aamiston-l i * itu nwsilar .'.ilditstr-iowl linnrru 4 s od a rri ir ji Jtqwtmr ifpow wrhnmeti..n. exiebi mi&h 

formeleii- 16- itw gIs fee I II wa-mnis Ia he prialtartiels "t 

Du~mmcm~z.'iMe" 

Paurty in the. pruatrmm it Wave (4 fsle.int tlif lm'w-nr. 

Unit., W, meta IIIwap. ill- 10,g4d rueil CvWM&n 

ohruomgh l~iwtp (now A4e4 its .41... ,J~ifil. dIuring 

the inbssiuon, inro-tieg. amil tnnh ,hermiittetn nowthmi 

do eus"aq..4.. 8he lo Wrte 

he a wmonam of uueskew-.. 

aumim WAS 

flu,. rn:,t-aul mnight mifter 

slalie,. ab..ei" 

jnu'..nouIr3.. 

so atwt. 166 4.&. Fetil"4V4 tou. 

1111v k~iln tli anahSel WithOut 

ps4en-t~il*i inw4finic im, uagt:,k uanol .auote rmrking I,4 fru'rrlintmiuimit anel miths ires roelfrels uuerg hkv 

the. later miurfare.. S-vorml Iiawere, vierw oh.hsrwmriu..I" oflat frimst 331.5 i 213A% 4buusiw that the. nianiumu 

ot 1173 C few 3 hr in dryIf Ivlnown. APl .44:lse- linwrm himo rmientin that ran for I-Arrarnl withead orieimetaly 

pvr.inf..riowlmrfpif.rnim:,we.ctrrit~ emir %hirli lead, lic-o-I uffutiunit 5w~loorfurtia in@mma~s 7%'. 

eb'carlmfrisrel 1 u46wir sitarlnning. Viii. finerv gvivo ,-r. A Itw.'url. ritAullry wpfl view tsemrm liU- in thirit 

fInmiammo, tmwpusualelp to. ngilas ..trlit-Ii n olaulo.i. eltecgrnitmawe'inmdsithircwbuit 

A 4 0 014 . Fuwio lpamnu.sdmi in I law%# . Kraft . 

Si 

1IO.WUENGthe. Iftmirrlp" ciu the eu.4,ltuwwsta variedi as (oflowm: 

Anner misrh MhIgi.r otn'igth and hanline,. and 

letne~.ialait dltartiljlv andI tallr impact rromioanim 

Sea .Aallmawi"m Iitlsnlsr tr'at lite ee nwaa no. ~ 

I~O Fe and 4510% Ito 

9.93% Fe anl 0.47TC 

1* amal @MAf, C 

kslf~r .nr*.? her n4Ins ier ftoritng, so cianpaurii aith 

Cuavell M2. Itw, culil" .51 Sn nem wee u orr.. ee fl 

athemd.Iv nplet!i* equa fl. 4riouuer FepeOie andsil 

slia .1ht1) :Wrli prifommme 30er....npormd it TV&-S 

stlm9ing ram nali. It hih hafitlr, If-mermeu I., the. emient far lin.cino Sketieit So. 21. 

tIalt the dilarnwitire udevriu-ratwl a 

froim 2 int. to I is. 

Firins trot. ion theelie.ln.l prvfurmannnre~erfa 

to boot anet otipwr,.w to that Atta~inedl mith n hlr 1LtT~n~r 

inielrtimienl-ra flne,. A loypimnatie stuada w- made of the effert of hest 

Inialtment. ont the pk-itweal prwfertiesa. mimerocataic- 

(HtciewL (omtaertrom 

Filing te-ootm urf.elitrte, totter than \m. 21. %hitih 

ture%, and hrinng perilimmutn. od lwAh jflurltno-pti-c~ast 

and iearmlmo Stdfllte Va. 21. AA thw ten.ile proppetie'.. 

hfi.hn,'nf-A, w moIa~ru l 

rerlvt ervrie~d 

sam tiiewrimierl laitrr i44"iun IUA), inirlmltu thnt the loy lun-t-r-lnetrat sithmis a rather ui~cl range. A 

criffliaid evellpopihtw d4 thec liner alloy wmo on Im- pgitn .alnple ran far male thiiwtde withe a m-43tively 

pirtant foortio in .lot.*niining pu'i..rniarrneir Tue n-tire low hvmnlrw'.. wmhile amneiher rew lie ninde xerr 'rhard 

milialoilaih .4 pe. 4 rfeiiinmv e.xpI..rnltu aftiol" ii(. the with rrnfiarlY how sl~uik-tivi asnd mparl r-i.tma.e'. 

effeto .4 usnm~ino r:trfw.m ritentcng... vrvinot in.., rim- flirei er., ini.,grwfa~nt ififfe-nivr. in ph%.i nil pmper. 

lento, level va.ring t .. l en,, ir,", unti rcariti-i tie". id doe- itoetl whither pri.rin'uI ier ine-I-rwnt- ut 

Irmleat- *.u'Stullie,. X.. 21 *nvr ne%,,l. M~nlý:I-tinj nimhook. 

A emuro .4 imru-liioecnf-:it littr-e .iwA pn-ormj.,r le MT1~ 4- ae-la fit. l' %ft-~w -ttl+j..t.I to 

wlith u-.i rni -' nivret. %TriIn fee u 1w (Ti-in fro Ol9 ISo ... lu ic-it I iin-mmentoiu ta wionh u .. In' 

0 . TeIr ,,.t,..'p..t/mu.w .uCj.t. ti.n.wi mi,. l.j.i.tim to. tiring frI.No~u to the hei t 

Xut 21 i. 0i 211 f- 41351c '11.e - fi:riif fii~g9.I * 1. a ci it Il,.. n.-:.i .9 ii.' ilL Semler I". Ai I ~ritminut. FIA~ no 

limr,. %stitle Ow wamai ru -n aj ririo. te g-i ftflt Ikf- ,t,' jI. i t. ,4j% 4 ,,r-14 4iit ilc.v roh ci t it.' p rfcji~un*.. 

iiwmfllit 1 C.-Ilet1.4II. imrri:,...l to:I% tci,.,h :.. 9) X v.M i-u--I m-e. 9 t ind a:t- ..e~lojortiil fit tsr- lm-;It-Irrs4. 

CMVNEi,:N t.

eaae'al assmeeei ~lgl feevi too iri ,Iel 4A.I soew isc'iasg fa'eegst, 1'01:icee'a'- fill' lk-44'rfeecc 4es~iee'c flee Illoirlsihe gee., teears4. 

as" ~ it- c'rfiorlialsova.. ra"Ol. 'eeeems-ile' .;etie ý_. 21- 

-4e44 .2-4q'eivl"gc nucc.leI-it' ,ccfeeseow~ eel' c'a,'l llg 1.4q. 

Nc'rvire' :1ajtgsleeIs' sic. aen- le'-s-ril s4d ~later ill ( 1sa~te'r 

21. .'4l uljq', itv Ii'.i.i-i Ii'el life- l' rfe'uaisriae'' cc Is.ritrs'tc 

-'ýTi'syiua W.&A t3au lor lot~jg'ags tig, '-Joi~cmth J im- %%jit tl . tiIe. wl~ 9.-ill. line'as 4el SiviHie' Nt. 2! 

4l"nn'I porinej re"i in -I%. .4M, Sitlwe,9 itnpueiring in 

~any 'cay -lw Istrernufm m ~fit. flatc .14e1lspe. 

'cll htrper','I frl~eke-4olitule'Iecl m iNhjviIP ijas 

ail floe liseer. IKcrra'l' at ilt I )-in. liser's litolie.flee iclul 

Fiiflig. fc"'6eed ifl'e'-Iftlenlt-e'nc4 ia t,4~t'tie Nit. woan' i'sgeiiciiaol ils il'ecflueiiiig'l lie icsirrvis. Aidls of 

21 III th."I le IailmI r" nnilvil jai'e tleedc-41i..1 c141ieciaccgcie 'I-ce. lisuter i ellpiesi uileal'; 11me1a04. still& 6-uin. line's. 

sal"Iwad "lh.'.tla ofo'ilson'r 4c 11iWeg tw Oris ln t A tiewitls.wa vlIa pJ:l alecwll 'in mIcwem.:& -liferie~w 14u#list ,ulaii;' 

4"orlV'c6.s ta netli i sot, at rn o i ovpuf ar M.soc 

AisOlifoillq deemi lee.Io e'aIM-l'i Ohio till. hun the (Ma feet 

shlft. its ewale'r lie ge't (tcill Ia.'gue Incit foi eloeeofl p'eai"on. 

~~~~~~~-Wa 

iste l~MU1t~n~ Igt'i' r S-l i'lfa Nov. 21 %jilta ir itaicloo a" 

Inflet l nn iti. mlioma eel ifte l',-es4 Iseaga r l ileimr- e'rca.cii il 'rn-6i -,,ll 11la114 (I-liwaeeigecilsln11:e14'1 aleciaci cls the's 

leelis ina .4$94 mdinue~i Von aiswe'Ige cue1 je'eetc'ie lij:ws. shce' lauern4 vicirlal A tluaele lieg jig'n'reaproI tile 440. 

it e1,.ge''i'lce' Its'~ algnI e iLi' W el'ase, :- 1 

"-ilele e it" e A aNegct ccsklk ulot iayi loru'ttif l- licie' 

naoil barrel t Iitlo a .e~w'imk-4. Time -oestil ncn iicles'fellerte 

06.46ilsceej al,,el met-1)' housilelol he 41itea1g'ct. auuta 

s lipag - al'lagceeceeeil 

tilue i.;rr.' afge' ,tlaiclcl fe gheeg 

'flat-4-ii' el ivrou ea' nken ui eafidly jen (cli~alsir 24. 

he'svaeiv sitaa altirliew It~ l-r as' l rcef ats' hrcicng firiltiL 

isthili' liege Large' lot itate'tte's'asreletseeai'rmltceI.4lc 'e1"4a.. reert-.. 

a-.i-'gilch'. lFiring 1g4-1. GslalilIJM a112iloll 416~'ucgie t~. nei.. I 1 11:11* taIl ei'keas-^'A..;10.,e'lgrialec felt Ilu'reIn.. 

ltteaer with -retail uiiaetivc'tc'. Theis eman li. insi'aa', "Itoo znn'er glot46lecrainaeieeg csharingt h'etcllingt amil theiri the 

411012 cin. em lf 11w scculelfer gee' flaver s' e flee "l 4'rtn'. isarigusa. griovelita.iecc'sieeat looseiga, and ieftinst 5t~l'T. 

Tlnee'n' lisplien.. g'ii elsc iee tv thaVIN4 ... e anfile'ejeee eldln sliutle.g %%'i acgs c ,m ixt' wa lieus,' s'a.itsf 4 (srt iieer. 

igegic 'r iag tile gtivev- all ieccl'rl w..im 5 i.hlgitY s".11e:11141-01 f'cuc reac'c's. W1,1 al 3 - %%A tsit I. t t ivalsgss. 'Ileeir Adiegil 

f ile mrsrsati u iIIiere 1v 'e-'lc leg',sl11 !aelc'f~stilnasaergq vinot-s. sif ir'lt i'eseiesnlurlo In t 'acLor 

floe lacirr'rg solaly,' siftees,4i equalhing 11H I 61'4Tese'. kuevts liseu's'.. it iiIs I ;-ll ti tE.1. 'Ilii cr-salt ice eel (41eucilg'aetbe 

ileelite ineamsaiasgc. fci' ar'l eIsjoe'ete 

.~'enpeseciStes~ .1~ sd ,( .1~.v 2(','gcle. aseeg'jas. Ifia loe', ccelavee'(S g it el fa' \I' t. 21 %%ieli its. rx''its'nt 

ace11 Io eat a'ts-n -o~~ la Icrviall to 'act to I litew's ,' -eg Sil'. l lejeTii leot'.-esec s Ill e .1s :aLss Jt' icaati),g'fto pnoIilje-i' viisi' eclgl 

le it ag f ertllI-f. ini c-acid u' ..'udf :ces'crdet aecage-1ilp ig es ll rircg. II'ten proif i Inais fm~ iicfiteur cse'lf igug. it cuuighlel teate . 

rc',tel... rg rsc.s g'`vv -olflu'" g..4'%4 10Mi'e nl"A 40'es eel 6e-ill. "it'eits' fe te'ls sad lice geo-els rasagga' c aplivts lilt ass gal' sr.tat 

filler (cg''ceeg'g assel M'c'i'e'gc-k 

11wi 12-ia,. blowvaa' e. 

:sfs.'g'ti~gall ss'e~ge' life, oea jsesteIs vs esscellf 

Ie'c:gs'' ela ;As~ie''sgagi g - lIijdsls..gtesg ass's fs'sggs.'gag 

t V6111~ til le' s'a'c4111if ta 

%%vr*feaa~f 

e nc-n acasa 

vnatetcc. 'ce:ggclag 61g1 It'isre'l gecar ti' gm- sari~-l jssisse lea peei-,ttf -fehls iv ) ce -agrt ee- uifls alls~''s. tlehs 

its ligsg'g 14,111.1f (Is lceiiesc fititi. 'lice' 6f.ig lsim-r gtgs e' %t . ggs' el gg1gs sl fssstt'-g .1'A at'igcsgt. laaglgr. 

1414.e e tl.s'ss~ diaeegagaa 

.. 11- 14-icrctiege geiet t'~ l s11s#e ch gailig1'11ise" s.' cila, as. evrie' 11 ce14 tlet :111A 

Jhi'IeetgId ."b/ leae/s'l P..e ieseafsaillllgsl-ffsic~glq . ci 1"tSYles dvlets'.;t .4 ,lg11.g1s11g11ce Isv 4e'l41l'114caf elilt zi 

fli'fee to-" cc' a'aiel .fg'l'll' lisce's s'c'cs'celi'sslslv 'isset sll figgglfg'g asciI s11s4.% fe'ls'geeess Il'Y lk" vr~~ lc' fIlet.

t, ý61.b..lw. in 4'trer21 Ktgs.1k4" .4,,.. borwmtpl finero, ,-M.uI. awl a flZ.in. Wtmirtti41 Wonoli~tilt 

wa- ~' 1 

;adit ttt ml t 0m.,41git iurf:m-ao itwo vit e r" Ign -t%14tt4t I.- r*.w~ ttin first ttinit-ro noa P 4tyitlt id 

Sirnng Itr-. olve,v tms,ttl Di ).it-it-tq losttoliugtic I~tt-# a .ltdutkzgl_ it, lengIth qlnrilt% firntg. Tlmi,' wzloo ne. trafete 

. . 01' tii.. jtal~e .Ittttttli IN- 1tg ,iti %v."u,1 .4.wiwt fW. gIg. l.4.Win Ill ite 'e ff lts. l~a ciso 

rnlit co 1..( 411t. le. , ;1111 1114eca 1ite loss.ae -1.p1dti.g At I 01-11111 411ý 1lfip P ' 01 

4,itmolii. rI..sirtiml piontummo 

bm wos 1 1rr hoatm GriamptIsso.molwr N..oloi 

t.'i~aitnntn 

tooit %ceittlelw soilol t"ae isitivIn jil.ring 

l 

119hid 

u~4l-t;"n i 

(.al ~ r~ft .l iggrli~ grnIt4 jitir.1, amp. tmwigp glor lIer1m.4 iNi.-"4 i -i L.e9 .erth ld .1sli ki 

tIleghu.'IffirthI-kimegiI h~ri~ ow $ieiuh," 21 N.t. ~~ ''!~i'. iiii. 

nfrn .oltwt roh 

3sui.g te aii t'it-Iii t h a111 ti-tW l, ai, ith thei. pra'.I.or tiomiirfie . * i so( i..jaul. Twit hu'40 -3 ite wthin 

htial6lgthI lm tn". TIloll cuaiti. 11 'ttul~sng - Sit .4 111. No- 21ut the. eii-bc'riutw'ntvalmii jw~im-fi. wItu 

" q ng mtev ul cand 

d O iseiut ofia~u~ INt. -a Iiwtar 1:4Iin tK 

1114m. 

patint4, 

1.t 6-l i. m't. tel autl.tuii:iste Isacci i'tia t 

5 

hoii4i10 Ig.euii'uts -n.1 ljw' %a." Itna."s 

htle'igi-7.iittt-tmm 

m' lmhICATim- tiltt 

, icib 

' him--tv door 4tN IgInevls 

P hiee setryI.6 am Ph'.wttmettiser 6-sitio moil 16, Aw,. 

nvro t-4ai furi uirtninuti 11111t tIohl dw riii' wltt atut loss 

01' strioritI' milw . 21u Ta prowrntlS 

Ienpi'obi V uI tachin T uo his-1o il 

t 

trom 

.4 i"-h stro ti-f thnt Ni Ii a-.. .atilAi. Ima3 t,~U-tis %lv i'.m.%n n 

u.%Grfiigt~f,% " o 

eocsa ~pl, th l tttitslow Iitg nitueu tif t twil-fit,rK1 'cr, fti' ittriolteitlii ma . eel cviii. Ijattis-4- is( cm tedrmimuanu ni 

L"Wh liing It Tmtie huinii.'gjtig ff't I~ttt ut the. vimtiothlc'r .fl vwm~tniLerr it h pwtj 

4~'ti ter l two .tletj. i..i' imu't'ihat I tiltl teul% I. atig . ( h~.t ttuhI~f.elSeht'Nj 2iimw t 

durWiing t totalEuci it haIit thle tsillting so .i. tel g mtn.- .i ,re~ttIIint~i1s i 'ei~~ujttelnt 

aIthmt a3, ihetg ini'tom ".i'e itet~i .it'llrii 0ite.,netu li"I'LCTO tLtNERStn OFnti .cii*ti OR. iiltIfc uer 

Uijaimr, faruim tontng moonii.l~uibin aml to, flitel. lie ca T EivTicu NO. -TOht 21i Ij(Xi t Np 

ibgItIo it%%nofilim tat on w t" .girfiin It L In bilwsr l Mac-~nhghine Gu itn D t ris tttt'1 

Cenri wit-h tilher iso lm- .iir -tert u tttce .4,in lciriet 1--I-ii ,- 4o( mjirrt i t'h ,iodu t cc~ilinIt h the jtwariis. 

duigs li., .4 E.eil litt. N. 2th 14i tt smiar , t. o4 s c-i r . i , kisrm- 4 IcictI ihits n unrkb ihi. nra--lointhet ati n . S 

Nthirknel a.ul otit-. lcttir.n a le ind t i, t. -rin . i tn . ,( wi tutu'ti-. .4 tiing, crc,'.u ''liner" 'the nihi ecu t i 

p*wnr~ ma owi o m1 fCilu 2 lt[mttn~v efmseie Stymmien 

wih -i. me soppilie iýrt l erfiinc ndtim-mi 4-er tal11intlFI4 dSl 

on a Arn-S !in wrt toihKrl 0neio it~l - it- 0o hm 

0ht 0r 

6

agm-.mm 

n I G VttIAU.rT 041 :"M.tTK #YWIM14 TO"* W4416 2& 

mwmI.d 2 %I)w U ptA t. 

rm mammiminmwm 

ene. A. r'.mton V2.3.3. $.diatliiaw' of% s.u 37mm Cannon 

Hiermlm sn ir hr".. tm'mrnditiumss i, 4164s-1 ml .. a4 in thenext w A pmmrtial loole lini"It tof iSteltiit' No. 22 hs." In4 

:7-earn1 K111 tumiw. NIX 1his 

Vo ulW61t -.11141Al tit tlm.* 

* r'w m~s~c~t!~ZI nutw&n4~t~lim.m I"' MU I; NSjLTMoN i STELLITY3 

22 over tr.~rd ini thei raitrjimer . n ~4mi-tminet pifgLa. 

alert1ts 11.2.11 uamnmkr ecoaiti~im$, ti~h'prvelmmrit' of Time Parly fibina IP~A. on t4lita't. o.\( a) an the 

a AMw rate A4 tMr. " Fistr mane pmalr of trp* 41ct.' immlk- remmr. whiceh We tIo the vielOItei- of S~tm[lite No. 21 

lae omale tO nitrmmmdymer'matl o usco. mastai Gard lav~e amlremady luern mde'mirilvil inl~ertimama 10.2. Firing 

thp maheer pair 061dmr-lAa.' tlotit' V.m)mader. With tevoet.' have lar"i madle with caiber~ .50 Sam roI- 

,j.14-I p ". r~h. the biworp pmmufae ..f the .'telliie pmarni (non ,ai 

t ier ,'telite-tyfallan ibm, shot vmPai- 

Unreal Meltedi umi nap,.l thmat it itas impmnsloaLolel to timinom .4 which are given in Table i, to dtletnine (1) 

On-",abiamhf(mll pn-. ore. Wih.m~eIm~ mvl'.with wlactimer a"m tit thriei, might lie litiapmor to Stdllit . 

whach a unizle veltsity of 3.371 fpm' wait a.'hievm'ml.' agin jo.22 Stire. of (21 whether any of them 

* umuly a sonail snaumani 144 rial meltitica ,,eramrtro at Ole etminininng lesm mit the critical met~l coblnt might be 

liter. wmae~s". 'lm taiter teptmit- ere .lisiunuinamleo after mequally ,16181lr. N.mte of the 0OtlCi .alt-v 

51111 motizad.. at ibm- en. 1 mph whirls the rifling mto tile aalloys gove ;erfmmrnmanmce Fettrer than that mto stellite 

ltome, was milt iin v'ery sntio. 

4 .wtav" mawmlitiom. FVigmre No, 2). 

it.4C~a~r mi..w~~mileemnrumtl~iwenthe lamo 11e foulimnijam imgintAfll tellitel. we" eid.aiwfaceso 

atlineris lirri 1 with theve twon kindo' .4 cml: \*to. it. 'Not. 22. ~ )2,N.23,ndN.X0 

p'~~we.%. All amwmil indevitot perfomarncne to SIChlite \0- 21 

raccmxirý wit!, tArlliue limmera ina tile- raliamr I'd) amid le"'aier lmmul "we~ar" ditring firing. awil all or the 

machit* gun bwloarehoweml trial this alloy is, margin~al limatrit r~rt'pt thle one oh $tellite No. 23 ethibitcm &e" 

with renpee to its mm..r in I,'ma''mm'i mtw. .'. Tis er-arkimmg slu. t brittle failuire t mosac .tae o mato the firing 

pmu. fur which liie..Of4mhlite N.o. 21 are Itm-imag 11W41lteats. 

"Wi'gaharl, two a tpuiltsk'-velim'ily mto shiglimk #mer 3,5WI 'r%%mo 

nm4AYluhmlernm-harinlg ateffiitr in whaich nitikel 

ftw wth IN1B pimad.'r. In tlaistjumlicisalfr appdWihm;£it. ha.d lv..... Amml~illamtl fmur NNWinef the Zebat o 

limarm'. Steffle No. 422419 4tlowem greater 

11 "fellite l~nrr. 1111lake 04-14. la-in. lm.Kiz 4milmmmm? Itsm ioi.-le nao 

gz'aplim' Mitdmmaa' hate 'ltoAml ma tht m11inlmaate f~lmhmreim 27040%t ljoat p.,(mmrmaa1aner rojmi~l tin that of Strthite No. 

the n.-.mlt isf mutmt illy al'.mmg mmrarfz c .a~rks. 21 bota a, dilmmaim'ate l~imne' (run the stivite r~a'.ing-hieat 

Thtm'e* Iteer.,m1 thm.'I.mm'lmat an voimi-rr..mm~,is-hi mml till ritlitigt 1%,-t ondim time I rrel zhla%%arI a large 

t ant mate'rial m1t ighr.r mmmclitimmtz, 1"itt ta ln Owm im'llitm'm m'mui ~*.lma er mate crantin'atrias 6 mit o 3W 

ta;sm rm~~mripii faimr pmta'r.11 11.4' jiml11 mN-r% ml. w-it a' gn1.110, rimimmm,' iam lilat -ml~' .:41) ikirrmft 111tl;.Ite gaun. Wohes 

Thed..el.tammcmt . -'m-arrmmimmialnm is ml'-.rii wa'l n t~m'm, io .~ti~milt Iljma',. 4 Nfo. 27 %aerr rmwd lilt" they 

.,I liner chapterim ir Moare V. 

1mm1n(1, u.4mjw'mI ',e441 n'm 

14Iimain m time riffing amnd 

CONFI 14TIA 

R

th M4$1m o 1.1y lo JOISO-1 too '~uww .. 4nut. ~~ 

In vv11iiil'Ki f.%S ,Iqrfiqi If..1 o Isio.n* milucill solao 11w ,:n low fu ioiq,@' c~tiifulto nsoIul('!,. A it', 

x"tIiwi .nirulant:. tI4r S .c' ,,kri. .~' mil ais lot usaa 

4 linl mst .4umuuI cl affork I,-- *6w ptmtdr' 

4q~gwhs~m I m-4 it. -Iti 14ý soot I* limtolgilsI.r n~24' mlv X"w w . 11'...fn'ui 1.0 .4...qw9sisw.On .4 15Wn . .'i"Ir I.. thw 

.imlgmom 4 160th.P s.m. %VWd 1.-4 if 14SO mismom i.-.- -W-!Kml smatr .4 shin smpt.mall Potts b Ii 

16.3.61I. 14isn..s,'i. A1Sli1tich it .'AII,1i fil-n.j.4a.I -J 14.1' ins ist PJIOA JoO ný4V,.4ire 1591 M2mI'1~ f~s". Ini 

pxMA-h,pgit Un.P.it 91111 duiI.~ialaifit. IrNSM' 4-4olml.I 1114wMm I-fl4 fa gin -.14'4. ,UFirrwII 24 fI bt liniitrw In* a 

floo rillitist It 0,.w.sgillgil IJIL~fJ 4. 11W juS 4lmw o(I't/ rihiuig. IA-1l. .Pio-iin t4rrf. 4w i-uvl 

It n 3114!..s tit tham" emoloal stool if pxvdii.-eI tu jrme4'I.:a.. ui~sl, ,. is 

4 ih mninian' ..terl Ilusiiv-d hI'e 

1111011 IVnII.'num0. dW PIW`416ilb11 W'rM .In'limn'.I11 4im un..S 

NMItt41 i&,into$ 1 InS ss!... rwor'4 mll... mo41 4.241 icm.. 

5t..et -in 1 rf.,ungnfile. 11 Im' .sirfarr' jist jii. 

wo-icil SqgI I'v on ,r.o-itg.w,4,t..i fot i:rng miw ciming. 

,.4.44itro in 4'u'nS'p'ux t5 ,a.Sim .'skLOI-Utom. .iJ.*!w. llagh-aiikvl Air vs, W 14. c url 

Iti O iinisisitI~ e'nhmmlt oust ttor1goimnI inwr .4 fvka4p, %iih thur r"Pti'p omw . I~AVmmjur uivh 

im the enfilitw. ..)( 15 1w',.1'.' % *% n. jowma iln I.,rn4." 'Siom-t imeSgnomot di~n IImfig n IiflL, M.lie ic 5Wnio-k.'-.4inmnosn 

thre llwsroiinot41It~rrrrl" nwil iolc2 t un~, t-i,o 1 1 t aflorin rl~wirsun l ,.nml higf. 

uvm owh iffi-oit ~wr to los)-i thm til. tIll. ni..Ivoi~ Il,.wr'.r n--i~ wq' its 51owie-pi emuitnI. 6 

tons I4.i59 24 ' b.. ai.' xgtm limne''.. (irtain rlrmimitnif- 

%''LU)VI (ONTMI~INs LE:S.4 CdlfIi.T dia.,I,'..,i.cs.unitsmm (mlupte'. 17. huave a hilgh 

TIS %N MOSiT STELuITIT-S i4.Iii94gii 5)4,m4 i IWO.I5 to, 171111 ('C:I anal Am PC(r4'IStm 

,laIIist,. 4lorn hm'iri.'. to ti 4 w. .iI..us:,g.. .4l~o linis, ,it t...i~toili-ti l'..I'n lsor rimil .-,.Sunlt.Isa.,t 

'lt~l'141...S ). 1 4Z.4C4'I~ii~, ~ .I-, fo 4-i-iii-,'r..l I. A.tu.,. l'luir.'. Iim'.rv~il g m..! l c,utI nlit'...ean 

lli'.i.i.'in I. N* DI~(C. tol.4.'. 0,1i,, -lllttf f,.r Mt,.SitS' 

N... a 22 sh .'. e,.Jnluil if Iii-ji..'.I i -A itli..,tt am~, ill 

..a'ik- to4 -'4'v 5lw 'e.414 cmfic;,I 4',,l4.45 po4rt 4 umic 

-. 1114. of 5Iwill 11:1%.4 *,mffirimf, tlemv Silaiv few "4' ..5c.:f$m4 

11-o' 1- :1 K~itll lin.'; 

va a. In i.. .A .4 .in.'l Imno 414tm. *,iialI O wkS so 

..2 444 44144 I44 

(4mf-lct-n oit*otr I.I . iim..4)141s a a.I- UI'SF(Ii~A9 

Si","I %tilt the Sim~i'444.'cl (:4.4. n4i'olS. 414'. 42. ri- &tI:s 4 % .n tiIal.Iir ito tilt-" lsmi'4441im.Sreit(' 

"-.milwI il .'~St1i..4ll lot al4I4li.m 4.. 46 1''44444..4~ 

lwti441444, :41%g4, S~thaS~t aill boitr .4 1le Abov,'e 

wan. nom.!. id a ,..'ri. ~4 h-i..I:onl a55..., 'stilI-- 1... 4.4:- %l.,,t .. i, alhw- ,It.sie' %4r . 544m fit have '.r~r*r'.Jm..l 

tha:n $SteliS, .\. 21 ow %a h moris.olt,laS 'nwIIs,.5~;44n I..I., 

lM4kIWqti" 51'' -4l11K hc.S-hnnl. 

CONVIDE.Yri \L

II.SAP T 1w,%6W ULF.4 11:110 LT III %4W*0.1 4W.TOA 

~ 11' I~.,IlhKII1411 .111 IiIiUl.&CIsll 4 1i~N... 21 j4~~:4 of..f IHlW" 

he, ib..ad-f .. - Was4? sells 11411 WIlh. In fmh tlet .e 11~toI4'. -- ~ - - . 

live- tbu-.i~qil I $(, 4 1w... :.1t11.% .. a n',,'nfltlI,.wifl4 

us geelm'pnl ;&l.1 I.'.444I ale' 11114A its t11W vai'mIiI, 

velieve-0,4ll 0 

s11) ir.1 Nn.*-k 21 t 44 . 

3inwrlu( rnuwhinr gain IirM4.-I 11w nI..iWal no" 11416: 44 2 3 20 4 4 (104 

. . tt.flp %-% 27t 32 32 2 24 f. -. C 6.40 

lewiie @411Wi 3I1iAI4 04414lI1i?-4 040 liflfl n't? IM 1 IffntbwN..711 in30 213 21 as 4 

urn T4£144 A. *u 11w e. san iqwri w e ,rlt-ve~i it( Ie ytw?' IN f ~ W1 2M 3n in 3 3 (194 

tIqiwdy &wkWeniw in -4wtitin 141.4. [it. whewr tlirr ras' %lTh~ 1.% In I M 1 4 4 Ms 

1f444,lai"-Nw2 \-L 261 

1 

ts'illmain0.aho~ iwas UrtMIak4%L 11lw tIm-r"'nwi"' q(Tlw .. 33 4% W 4 4 Ta I 

user oi tlw-c h.H~4 w41e no Valli so. that1 .4 iftvtý#- 'T"a1~~ x. a 0 tr 

Ilw astier i'wilsriI~ ileNv 2 .. J.t 11SAVar -- . .- in 

,.h..w. fll.iealsh wic~a by lxwth ). 

PQ ..y All-j~ 11 ..%n .11 .... 1 h 4.f ar; I~ - i- .. 1bm.~bp 

,.ing seits nci' wa. vt-4,rluai' Its ixfw.4tii1; (.bi'4jj 11141~i %0mVwW n-ý..lam li@4 psa~ek.l-Kl',w ~ t u n 

.kwnlnlw 4f.iow it lh'Iits- tr.'nltnllt nwo haw lwnn Isayt 1"-nnb'65I'nSiS 

hnia..lw 

aML." peat .inlowerteng 1 

14911fl.oli(14 .me..) ii.',Nt-en4"ll.'4 11IP 

fres.a(,-Mlanti ,.ali~ct apil thea Itn.. 41%. nm very 

sting 4ix- th.ae its in..f tn:1ne .IN-a.I)1 g tivirlei.-u Vwital n-4olanc et iure'ni p1w kev 414 itta t'los~ft ee414e).. 

ausry.Si lot inilml4- pniutiver thf, Isn"uip .4 wl, jetbin 41e7;n ao v4qml liner"wth 64 Zlifllflf 11,44ti1n" afte initia 

aiwpoie l les 4wc aIse-w N... liwn jl ma.u1e~ calnerw~ Iin.ee locall it( 1.51 glat tllw Isaiael rxit ir.i'tlqW iO ItistiU'. 

"t.T% er"I-Aolasrn Im-licrti \15alit ltirowe tat pe pam " taleefltThy llw im 

a ivtA!t~ra.". porPallnwno. 91,1.mot" eit ll fi ly WA614a 4 1%,laN1. 1Wra~S 

CIIN FIDEdTI %L 

14

Chapter 20 

ELEMCTIPOLATING 

a1111 GCNF;Il%L PRINCI'US-1 slowm.netals its o soa am aw, it io 1toa.~~lo to mnowidfv 

Olin futher the peqeei.- .4' eleortrvlepittts. 

qulsfc arci rvenfineel its the za~nAp thenea .41 The thiricarm. .4 the ia c~~takp rn Ia' efm- 

JL Prm-iiviarilranting, to, pin how"' iternP m.e'rvei. endhd Ly womlham the nierrw delemoily inJe the 

ition)O inriciteutai 'ewwmwmd'o h 

famadnnr to.4 the pintecl Iwrne'Ie. mover .Ietnilo .4( eahoh 

p.. .4caiP46a o.ilon T6 drpao4 ivallmo tlasthm the 

millvol,ae d the low. me'tal. theasgh the thickn.ea in 

ame Siren in Owmeprtco X1 and 24. aiwav we " i the. luitum .4 the gnai%"thanwi on the 

lIcp of the hale., The ekloge fi4 this .liffmrnen in 

Requremntsthimrinrema Arprs opaps the thrnwingc linaear .i the 

mu Reuirnenmaplating loth risplui.ml. In Arhreeieum ,lating, the 

lzpuii"ewe euul n-Aearrh lim-e Aviane t(0aa1i.r It) ltlirkne,.uod 1he cipps'.e ow the lanls may be 30 per 

that. to.n-s0ot Miia. iv.te matcrial .4 thce luer e..rtim. r"I gn'at.'rthaa 16dm on the gruave 'lure the ebrun,. 

Poimlame he n-*Wdtnt tu h-mircal attark Ivy the pmderkr ir ari plating heath has, verr pown throularr puarnw.' 

zooms. have' a meltiing poinlt of at leneut 14MK C. heat.. In .4h.'r plating Whotk the differreent in .maidlei. 

high sitrength. hardnesus. and dicieilitY at elm-agrd With Arownitia cwnmtifgo up to 0.01 in. thicjk. the 

feenperatures, and hate' no ahtnapt remhesmei change, n'a.ltamt Assam is a twturafFma neat important ex. 

with temperature. 

Ifersuore maitaW e taitta aaum tylatlielY wswe aml 

reli is a,. ill"Y law.,. The reliuthiveI higher aMW moge 

awlmip. PonovuI baisi thesi, br wawm y esuma on 

war nio he adlaptahie tos the produc"otiln. the ent*--' If~ah~pdhdpmiotletea anm ronae',. 

gum tube, a 'lier- or cooting with the dkeoirril prop. lW,. h gnast ran' and, in rertain a*ue, with special 

rifto. is advrantageous. Skrh a fitter or mailingt may lrna'edela's. a deg"erof adhesius run Ive secured latch 

bp- prothied meeltanirallb. asi (or mnimple. the nio'l'l,. that letairlime~w a( the, matting nnmuiw part of the 

deruem and stelhite linen. ((leapterv. 18 and 10), by u.ndelyding metal. AA fte ag~ntitaative troet of adhee4lerrodepottition. 

hy vapritwzatieur. In. Plittering. tw Avon tore' 4lirretly applorlaltea to ecting in Virn harels~. 

b~ * hemical clcrunipuca.ieen .4* rapoa-uecl romipeamina tiring tcests entoi Ie UNAto aso a C-rfletrfl. 

m Ou lp e 21). te m ic of JA traiha bilitr of Electrodepostited M etal s 

Ilectz'odejao.'ited Coatings. 0 ilt a few metals approach in their properties 

ittwme .leoirecl in Via larw". that is hillb m~1ting points 

T1w adtmentaltro anx~l'imtatiuona todeet rtshlitaatevl and high hanineem and tensole strength at elevated 

eutinati. to protect pian litesrt, mayIr Iii''nimnc'ivocl as tecnperaturnra. The principal ones thus far considemro 

follows. foei this puarpose, aso rated in Section 143.1, are ehro. 

It Is poa-41vie to i ry ticve preepierl"i.'. .4w the cltwt mitten, nickel, eotlailt, niolyhdenum. ternngstr'n and 

Iki contrul of the e'emdliitieme il in delepiilting a atitaitinee. Wl the..., metals6 cmlv the tie-i three ran be 

pies, metal, In the ener 4el i-hriocitim plaft, I Si.le an)M. ne:4illt Ane' lrewlepos14ite in a plier state fromi afilleocs 

arm may range. fnxii 4W 41) 5.. M11) %ln.- ttt tir Imp. 

certie-w sh as trn~ite i'tnngth tiary ~. -ueullar 

44il~ititim...iailaWie c'-ifilence indicate. that it iso not 

po,-aibe to eleeitvrptlepea tit ire teeng-tn or molYb. 

raunge-. Oin heating teo hig~h tccup.'rnteerr'. thc.el pii'it.ila entim. 

of4a livt-n nuc1tal itceil loan:neeala:nil toitc .eieeniform l'reeee,',wo have la'en elec-rilwd fir the clI.etrodepo. 

pro" mrti. if)i that m~ted. RYh"r iei ilceiieieg t%%i1 4we ition .4 pue lrteegcnso bitit later pieblish-i data 

eie-iatr that d.hrpists ructrtciifias Wneng.e were 

Na~~su No~la. Ittrpii . 2. t~urc~we 'e~'re':ldv ailcir, aned eitnta'..'l at Ic'a.t -maih amounts of 

I Aititet 1 

.'t woidw: Vicem'e himeoetw' ,t~e~i.0. h either nietale.. etrh a. ieeet. eiticle, or eclalt, that %%ere 

aviseA.nlelf~. te',.ingeuecew eeet 

mo-ii.1" ii ln-iptirifir- in the klth, Ity- intentional :Ad 

406S C:ON -hFlNTIAL

14tie htisi(ttgtla 1.4l Ipi cfc* tucik. fltip I). awl. IuiratlA chnsinijiit i.,N n ti4:ifiq liffttie. 

t t ei4MrerSpeionfii~ lif vs. 

T'nsr isr' a fe'w n.lmwi. it, tlec. literlitecrtits cc, mui. 

uilcitiiscnul erark.. eionnt~s ltrinic firing~. 111-* hot Juufiilir 

gapws ,wnortsate' the miruks aend n-it wtith tits umm4erits-, 

low the lertmefttio,,iiicit~miJ 4 ltrne es mo Icnientim Imctt Ivni ug r (t.c4 cstitai 13.,31 uehiehs hain form therinally 

M ead theitit promvwe.c- Y"6 ce&6arthwfaeWqewe ail~miiioi vim s M2. A pwaket 1.pv; off Proi.. 

ormaititsg A prolnunarY attempit airiwel of..ritiy mlk shis in, Spirei 1, takrae ,ulare in the clece at the riinb 

at the prelfaratiteein 4 . moll ' vctscien.-pcatet win loatm ofl the' rrarkot in the ceironiuaem. 77hw plate' fm the 

n4t wao totc. censiocw.-Aful lve'caemcw 4 cl o atimt inflw 4c iscrltc'e 1humamiresnile timcl. monnwtin"~ It-geethcer wmith 

the inifilvileelntim to stece.0 mU~nerraeetcs'l. lerogiets' lie cwhippedc awl tWiot iA4 bjy 

The Are 1S1tlteiifla'it patehtolot tile te ceirrtnallmi~eu. t6. IW*mti'ei. lluueaeliomn P iistiated caciet viigcwcreumi 

ticos eel tantahum frotmni-,4 "tc'i at Iieth,o. *flee nwtml 

ceAff!Miymee meamilkr in the Slwis tt Rae 4 " insm 

ammoeiiable fit ceerve ase a ecxetitig. Moore sirrntlymommo. 

con loritheawuetcdeamifettlacjaee'ttcsiwueellthelw h. 

altmtoeli have~ liv'en oncsle wkithmul Pt-m ti fitrc wsmisom 

anmalhe'treis ccutinK Ereict a ftn,441 lrith emineicetinX eel 

poltace.41uem filctidcce. pootac'.cem tuentalcenI flcicritle. and 

:antalcim cedeld' at aloeict go c." 

#lit ioml. .o 'cei4-1 nuc~t:uI,6 

esllen sit it c* "i' lce, toe Ic-it"i 

Memet progirop wao maeint'by IDilcicec, I in the' ap. . 

pie atioue of c'hrumitem than 4l other cdlcstnoplactce to, 

am ~bmm,ý boossmue vomin of the bmapewio of vtuism. % 

mincm appmacah thceeic dawirrct. andi them. holdto"er 

prieitntio empericener in the if* icE c'hnimccelu ccmatitcge 

to irs-iet aln-.Pios andl (.mfl 5 4t 5 " Fauriv attensiptoeto 

appy it It, joen liuirsr tcc fmeto crototim irrees teis %TryN 

imqetrom,fcul. At the Wa-hinpgtccn Saval (etn Factfory~ -';. - 

' 

iuenng the ItIt)'. a'hnoiwiciem e'utingoe le'se* titan 0.001 

in. thic'k woere applied ti, the lain'a cit p navgaucl winse. 

Thletor thiet enatingie dlid noet grentli intrname the case. 

1 

I 

ful life e te gh w u noe. * Noc."Iet their nlee cilejet furnimbiedtt 

voitne pc'utecticm srgainst 'crtio qcwilo. esjwc'nllv 1w wa r'e: 

water. $peetruftie tisto' I lav tle .rnm'w tOdnancer Dre- 

I. 

partment dc wien heirrele chmelimemont pIlaef t m'Iconaelr. _q',remfi"icthe tmc~a. 

cially, manl Ptufett'lla, at Fnicnkforil Arse'nal (on eulilces, 171li t1cuvc. tilow~ c. 

.k 

so Ivillum 

*..c .4rhe~i'e..;._WX. 

is NI)t nte. 

.30) macehine giai barrels, 4lid neat indlicite any toist- twert A414.) 

olamnling impivvnscent in gun lire. 

At thee beg~inning df the Diviecicm I pnog-am, c'rvie'e Stcierl ~cri'i~ie ,ariogr-n-wo fejwnrits metict riepicifly om0 the 

gunm weir ere'pfutlY e'uamineil in carder to dlete'rmine 

in ithat mannncr the chrwiticnt plate hade faeiled.' 

teepee tit the heeind,. as illeistratfed in F1igur 2. In the 

t ilea gricawe', whcer' ctinctart %ith the prooecetile is Alight, 

e'cinretisiimp drt'awn frcc'n theme- Owlervietieici,e weres ande cc the flp enlae'lir r 0imcler iohc'ra' no c-untet (oeneroo 

.-tr~ate'ng Ab'd v~ late'r sllcc it(hsc linc'ru t hat hul ad lovers c' ml y eciceitt' cveip. 4f clernicuicns art. reince eel i islet 

tift'cl in rn:lit src.51) macilcee win lcinriml in rimilnc-tiemn £ctrrcctiece selmig Iftcincctictuieee cracks bees, gru':e, %- %ectk. 

withI the ieeht'cpimcnt 4e a tc'~rci'tcere fewr aipp!'inK Peiie'l file mictuilleeicing -tvr). S 4 tvging ofl t ice SI el (Sceinuprevetl 

e'hrmniiiten plitte too 1):tcrels4 e4 this m'hlaler." 

r1he. mltcnce of cl vntme in 'em,,iim 4 cit crciniens. 

plactedI gain wuts ftmiine tee lie as fc,1leees. Miri'cecsepic' 

ticcin 13?.4.21, Ac~aieh tic,:ev taeke jinIer'i Iwnrelth t he c'ho.. 

nciciculi plaete., usc 'ellructC' tho c'racking~. wintule'ciettinK, 

sjulhinta. andsi icciv t 

c~niecIl removao l cif pulate i hieti hasi 

eiuc'ksut flee li w'cst re n iii thu. plalte' lou Olepitmitill FIgr- lNeecn iruec'Iuel stilel pitiedl. 

WlNFIDENTrIAL

Ine mn :.jt- r.1111 . iiiit 

i-t-tly .1m ýt n10 111 n 

~thoasi lua i ,ssisisir s ii. sm 4 nswhglviiiit. i ,. n la o - t iwl. ilt See .10 111w~sa i.nftusa. I h srk .Ir her. 4":, *A IW f 

16-. slo. l- tul-al It. i- r'sk t.- .4 ,Ir., oini tlan. life tof i rionot T% m, tor Ceeoou lu i h M. wkuawS u . 

11 wI'larl fsutIs. r11t- lo~~wgtw 

rn taluJ,,I~etser Mi TI..1 ,... i .4 vi ms 

ii4, atE-zn~n slaaji.. Ttrt... 4W (ivo-vit- tonl. sin lu, oew 4trin 

sgrl-W sig gsnqmls' 1101 p is .aairni~w imt I Its ' v Ii~ t la I 4 11W lowgiroplirnirs'i(i- 

letterv I ,Iriacuis~st una~laOur Moo lerwtinioser zand g~tda " .:,rfl,' situ Ith~ps J i , vik "mW thath 11N *- 

Kl.u~livaer .12' ltr'ail-t1 limw dineaamitti" slots. iet ti'a..aln 4ssssrl.n To~rmotellionawrplrtkffltJ 

rrac.p id dir owilin .4 rflrusg. trtpi-p 4 .4rhuiteutm qrti, tw ta" Shi Perval 8,44 u 1~ 

fix- to-mito "lI(- 1tiat lt~ mai.im4u@7." ajul 1A .w 

*.;;:~~. 

v. 

*j~~.., *lilhi.s 

11w nIiW ohl~siisltK .nn i( lst-"er alzwsauseans?. umo.rd far 

anivq Iltoh.:llegst (W asrnt itare; 7lvnsnt t 

'.--" -ni tltwl tiv- rtstitt$wNOI n% in. r~ibervti co1ws Iawl4 

poito. air istit s.a04ri zisIr law. if~ih ulimit nt Wt a .n 

alh n t" h.4ctih-1: fltho.ry ti.. n i rel otocfir awnl thwsý 

I...,vror artt.t IlmIt. C -lopp~i ar itor gStady ~i 

.,:, L fitt (pi. nu ricko, Io Ialt veo 4rismtwilh anal after Iairi'tg 

X461 Ntrisgt difificidll is. Cqwit it 0 in 401ttaining uusuwi 

. i. .. usilws'iew"so .4 .Iisaittgaitit lo.gom P.4... if line "Wi~tcmrrzt 

n..~-4A:ttibwi~ .4o 4111itistt ana sa"In~uistw 

~is' as f-. t-w.e 161'ta's 1aitatho Ai fraisnt C ir.5 

FI? a\ Pic I K 

inIog Ca ' 

17is 

we' Al. 8.5- 

Post ~ 1sat"o.1 ~ t;qlw4w ~ 4 -t~ 

.litiM... ... 1, ks. 1w E1.t- .411, 1.",&;i 

') t. 1wort A-41 0.1 )rawsoit' 

~l~-.. ,sattsrsialaitas~~itts it~tttK is'asqsstt~as 

ionti alartowttin ils,'.. isa v *4 ullt, n-swipu.he. int plntn 

aiaai tilt tlriav nrtti tn"J aniilpu a~~c s riv, istnso( as 

li' whal Is wtetfrti n 

F int licwI :ts1i1.%- iosafer" iiauw"M.ii m is o ~aItYe intAs 

i lelot~i liaiisas ~ul ,..sasl iik- t nanl ,'' witi[ tiir..# horistg 

rasu.8 .s2 sI~ ssAtstliteno tlg DV trssn 1WM 1st1 21141 s Pwili u-gsti .von l. analo tis-tat.' fJ ls. 4 sl hiteiv eff rim e ont 

frtown 4iotuss.atiI- *.~uirsii isIt .. ifi VI I.. 14Ii I (M to s u~iii46 i., 11111 ilili 4 aesba~ i llos t~.t-I lit.' hY ns icela zit.., 

.1:).. a srsi i n oI ds.- 2r.5. ( 1 . 11 :s1 t .4161n. illhisaiulat4 Iats aa stt :cid. As tIrstrv t% ntfustie tra~- 

aisft 4Ws,1t 1,146%1- 11 ;11Is ,1,01s it tt111 sai lit'11". nnt~it. dtistl vI& t~is I- Istto as'sltalr 1 rrv t.t4ti TW11,3. nrty 

al a na i~ -lttie stttitala~st~ lesttit# sscrs.C M1sr its. a...-v tl .- :spoi4lw ti vive-a~l iir ew-k~ in tiw- n -piarssAsriio 

F,;a # M rtrnti :cspolts dt~iis 11iltpliinthah foooo9 aiv uoi-hdorton-it":- rSl 

lite17 r -- 4 ~ i i t-t IIoih . w l. ---.--- lit------o--4 . ----- 

-MIli osi~A"~ trli.4 v f 1.1 41ii :,1"1 li mr 

M-.-- 

4,iiic

_______ l M T N i 41 

£4 .mit4mm I.wi.- iryiAt Av#* e~r~c n cetik a "-flaisus 221d a It 041.awI 2.5 

V lamp 4.11 Il~ -"1'A lake*. l.-ifto ýe ?Mh. Mae 1,111116C 

IS 

113 

23 17 

13 

1. 

ILI 

1.: 

GA . 

am 

.. 

4lS 20 111 

to3 to &2 0 211 an so 

a) fi A IPA42 ... .. .- 

I'"111. Feci r~telptih'. row tIC Clio miiniiiuti aIt .11 C. an ll clgiltr IemicfilfllI" e. itr uitimii failn aIt Noii~pglhMKii 

ilbiti(II il-fllll iht).'4tv 41( 1 atit,l doll"' wasc g".tia~l~ly %rm~wy."-"* 

top1ci 2enip Vha iltl*-,! wink'e (4w IA' claimisitiunt;lt fit pIletitiX tlw iiihriowto a~ cyintl Phu tA an44 a~ p in 

3i141 WMiI-t ui t-44a1 t41 Filanill flin t . 

01Plt m'Mcrn Iiiiitatitiieael 41(1)1tliliK fcil ofel.ite Iint-rc 

mplomiinisitc.1v ,moform .jtlw to( i the oirtmeewil. 

Typit-aI littjiicc .i,.41c t.,4ltl? inel jitimiluir. the- itminfli 

6 thant it io fliffiotitlt Ito nnosomr ,.Alite linifomnil I byu mtea lartig irvitmna Ittit mud themitiolk (the. Iourr4l 

4WVV-% tU =Wtiuine' liner. Ieavertjw 140 (I1e6 for t11w trilsieitim to( tiw. olelaiit til sldi lli~UMIly tiniufomu (ICs 

tIhirbsw,vt 44 or'~imi toiceLPee the "em wbip t. oiv ey natatioin i 11'iet"M the un&Sa 

erwvcito tow lS1WIfl IIIsivIMoiKg retimi eel wo, 460charw; - 

mu8 Alpplications to Guni Barrrlc tInvclh-'l it vaigcceithlltiw, ija wllno IA. thit antalp roltcic. 

Ilk mii ceitifftalgre llc1eqtii 1wellet u 

1 all ith Iii.'l~inwe? utel 

this cinuel. it is liicceuiW wi mwrtim a Wilk rang tel 

MeAt tvp' cal dirtointioim warm mnitpplI %~wuiI l~tiltnlwticm eel 4clo~~eitu ill a pini Ieiiwi4 ofI a £~ 

allyh Ktl clainrSr40, c'hjcflr Ito the tndilar .5i0. by thr cnliwor. 

Natimnl Mumsif(ne c tali"ItMmieLnc rew IDiviici I. n~lee 1T141' it hwap Iuce'r feamlill"'that will% a PIctM itnele eel 

v'~qwfliuxiitcc pre. dirrel inflec'fraltitlin In~iIting lit.' a Itirm dimml~cwe'. (ctw e-tt~iplel !4~ in in a ortihiel-r .50 

pM.fumlaetvq elf the. reecetinge in, cendittl nuu."p 4 

Ai .' Icam-i4;nflilith lise aniepie litim-nnetimait the' toy, 'he. 

Ca" "a CaM TE iSl*~t*C& 

NtT111 ItYjCar ame Iac colt 

""L 

(ON "tl)E NTI U. 

Al~to 

ftUOCIGfu 

lite412.1T304

(1.11.341is im tit kar of 21 tiw' ). tita" at 41w' irntt01n1, flou'tht list- ine'rnvft' inp "itm of .-terirrm of lipt tltIt'ii 

iw'hlaviou. t.211s441 10 ik- hgil'lh n'.'s,'tlhr, #of this Ofois4 th'mps-t's'4 i,. imnoi.' thman that at hivlwr ons -.. !w 'kit. 

antaL.. which mh~ure.. the' t1rfrntt ano it res tlmn'.mgh .'iti.',. llw'rv,4.v with; LA .. le anivi'. alirwb prvvhmvcw £ 

tb.' az.avi' anti thtto liswtms' the rmirrwnt ol.ni'sitv alI looner eoirre,'fl de -4v at floor hedlimn, tlinss at thr lum'p 

tow' tiesrkme~ 64 the pktf. so tw h~illmme. Kaoo heiasel 160 lit' L Ime t pWsomw' .4 ftvoabsm uhewinm. 

tiseqi to pnmliwv. a taprxel4ti setisp't Mali a 4"minl 

"chblkl*" nea-r the mesazie q.4 ao raiiw'r il'al aircraft 

mmewhrsobin-,n ilasrefri. 'TiN' adatiutlas'w , the trhoo.&. 

mussle, ar' .lis'rtio.seq itn Scrthin 23.1.4. 

re-t"'tl ini a litcher t'mm't efivitt.rmi atwi Imens' mela. 

tjirl *v ihigher pint mi malt- at tl*. ltnlt.,n than at the, 

tells '4 ith' iarreli. 

Th.'inis'luit taper, that it. k smiw'mtju.the thiu.'k im', 

at tht' upti. tha at th' hlaoatessade41w'heross. ther'fam 

.~,, ..~. .~ 

-~ '~l~t~t~a 

"L.ae-i 

'itt- - *if kb mameeeiema is tiraliow phoimmmmioa ta.' 

retnt rtismn. In lbhe ramll'r .11 Isainp-Vitm hueirmi, 

itlittio awills a1 Osie-. ,4,4 mstel al.'. thi,' matio ill appwvxrmiaatl4v 

3.01 ".lwn file tri-afsmt chniomwmuu rrwmrnmtratarno 

s't nr'mark u-'m awi gus LS whe'n thi triralent 

ris'brnmisiomm .'.rnnt"Intitin its 13 a L. T11 evernev'nttitjm 

"#of mm.riomitemran clor mkrtN' vA trov 

14 lmE 0"1w'tsiltjs' in a .s'pant 19prtsluf with 6W, 

seaselk ital im low et l~h mxtvwu kq ba PWVAmaI pat. 

In nosit.' midthe' plating "p'rpewmv'nto at the \atitxWa 

I Ilsrn'mti 4t( S4lnwienlo floor pini iiam4 with the samen,. 

Tss I. lark 14q 6.611Ias mibehr .Aims smn',d goes 1)a IM oomi ~sei'mani filtitigm woo' immems's in a tank ems. 

W Flow Iftm \P.vV..~ua 111ove As. 4PPsI W' 

laimiw flar phats imen ilijat that vwa.* maintainaid at 

mnitut ther 4imesmatidin se( the pltating w.ubt is,.. induyd * 

With a etnpper gtiuwle. whirh has' a hosemui rt'Wi~ans'w' iwnrpsing,.i man utgap, evnneittstittg of oxvgmIr. h 

than the OMt~e antxi'. lime Isiongtit~iifsil iratotilwifficim ie.muim terthp gms from.ge th. 

niewst neadiy unrihormo. andl the lt'wer ensi ofn the Iwimmeli stnm'ir amt h~theexwm tun' tp rtatin la ae a 'os 

maY Aven voecrir. a thiceksr tiepimmei titan te tipper. "IM l ivembl linesor, ,miqw'lrissmieted into the 

Themc amy ltwo fatetnqw his'h mre mint Itt the haltt',' hemvvi r-liler Y)0 hnm'm'elo tt.s' ins rapi-fire le-4a at the 

tsiEa uineven tILtrlvI.Wtin. The ttsnperamawre fi4 the cr'.s'srpfi'sm.alI aliwrnmtosn" at imoonual veismitmev; amnd in 

moitiuio within the ham'rni 6i oligbtly' higcb.r at tim.' lisp sslhertes4-tp wit Im ths'iti'perreiuitr n'wtn-. =~mgg. 

end thiis nrigher'w the .'trwrit effiejency. 11w' gmat (Ske'ti~om 11.2. 1) at the Franklin* 6n4ititte."s Th714 LC 

bubblek. forrrm s'm 1w he- evishitmtilost s ht-tlmumpn ansi cheptiwittin gpi.' msprrox'imatedr 21 per 'ent great.'. 

Oxp'Mi aeItnImiate at the flep atmll inrease tlu* rr- increa,.e in lt. he lfe .4 the barrel tire at mornuil vdeoripiqatance 

at the ,'uhiian. titwt n'sfameing the siommrett at tie.' titan dhid the l(( s'hronmieimt. teit rvntvem,.d, i 

thim end ut the hnrmel. the aircraft lxtrvwie, the I(' wall sop.'ntmt'. Thix. difrer- 

Both the ,'tcel andu "'Wper anstlm" an' Plated with env"'Mo ihimmslm itew ti'Varimtill in the natlieamiad tls'~rm' 

head, or' prefertshil an AW~~ .4, trail vwith almotst 101% t,'sni imsr burnis tuu m.ph-r itfi'ent s'vheh1tikcp o 

of tin. its) pmei'v'a attaik .4 the, nectal .4 ihe mnacele imt.,%in,( tlifftvro,'ttg t'of.1nictissnnit :11I 4erMtifw. 

And tee flimiter lite' rptyxisilatiswitti trivailent rlmrnmmitittm T11e pr-wlmm.tiutn u4 a tafiwml~ cle-pimst ho wn ofns at 

in thelmtht. At the rath~arhe s'orft~ee, -orter -,(fime Arites. stiola:ntst tslea,.rli ;tist' l a nis i ttul.' choke 

neiric acd f 1w',uv:,lent fshri~ntiiiim 1 is. pirli:,Iiv yn.imice r' titzit gre:ttl.\ ,msita-i':sel (its.aremirr' mile d4 the :it.','lt 

and form,. trivj!.nt rho-onmuiiinm. whiche in tier", is' n', i.;sreelpn j, et~jilll in Cihapte'r 23."n Tb. ll'hrvsnoiitm 

oxidized at haist' mile itmttil s'smw £'stijilihitrti,, ollil'a- .Itss r -ai at I,,- onltizit' -sti heniet pnts'.4en-ed 

trntisjn is neached. ii1W nes'liwt. t~ldiammeter. 

rThe tss s-ntrntisn -( trivatisnt chr..nuitun nti'i'ts' [I flhfsr' thanmr It 001 in. toAtttivn'intio isý tim I..' :ppiid, 

OwInj ht vi11'?. the fs'-pa-sit itss iunit'i nmt Iw~s't- roboivollt'l. 5p: itllv sat t s.pim.t( wis.. tflnlmg ii is' ve.-as"ary fi. 

The enthouL e ffics.i-no-Y incrreams, Aith an incrtn'. netmlm,' -fmtt,,jutl .' fit w~ ake vvussf 6-r. the chro' 

in tnt;, lent chrosnsistino , ssttivni raim ls in o'steh a un. i niitmm. In peihot iisinm P4 siort lie-rtrm4 for platting. t his

wss13ht lop alle. oikpitintIws e "mritio ansi riffing tosa M~nisn. If h1im ii. ita~im...snillef 4iels 

eevevrwwlwr iamweirro. Mlews-plagisltrin% xi4sni tasimlani wrag will testilt frion ,.wagiflg .Iiriuig hfirsl alg %~ill 

dlii'turuis'saw utMe wast ivmn'I .loiv -.t-4 rtnsslrAinig- csaw janiteing sol the oisteletit. 

(ve sseitflne in *"itaim 25.2.11. Thii, Pewur-l' wais Ilase me~t nwqmeha awl cunilitismus Gor lnpairtifl 

slinviqvlat in m.,q* yairn so a avvisiles!. pa .alitma a rail p iaiia. t6- liarrwb were nutt npeilied, lost the 

brightg omrfav- to mrulak- It th-petuln awo th.. minstol 

0ithilitin, ti nurtail in a useujgmbh. Aretnidl-10cA 

Th1W sdautioa fiamiy m~astiipte" fat join lo~rn4o rim. 

f'AuwinX prowinervil n. wan, mWmrhd a -- MuW pnwrn. 

Wlutirli. (T1w mieps, are oiresurilenti in rnmnr ietail in 

Avertus 25,11.) 

Awas'evi.teual rulunue a4 Its% satl uric acide maul 73% I. Ierormus.. 

plumpiriheai ame. ThW Pilishins in C-4-01aiulml at 4 C' 2. IDetpqiae (if urrellomryI. rnot. ilry. 

iliat F' assl amamialie crnual unemilyad 2V amp divas 

1230 anip Wt'. Tf.e Ivmrrn4 is wattle nstustw nin a 

2. llmuW. 

& O3swsnsipa" to pwnP~e WMN I; t..fL bl. #A 

ctipawr sir aterl rust. eeugsil with Iensl-lin. ii, sunei an mortal with -iths" vied up. 

Ilir cathialkle. T1W. littinoe are sniuiltar its thisaue in 113 & ti~ 

uan- I MAn 2. In saililitilms tias erving no a 'iak-irg 419 -a :4nui with pumsire' neit inisilsiteel hyslreaalsilric0 

tsiA~~e1,apsl~ingmaylr iwlwem-firitil ir'-n roiw a wi i wr'it Is paumie. manal an alkaline cleaner. 

the smqerfam evinimlitisn .4i sthe Pti.-I :2z4. i~witsrinig cnd 1. Dayr. 

Clarlityisi of114 theepavoite.. *-2tqljiuisliellsg illa nwern- A (It Oi if 14s he s.Iuesi. 

from whicih the ute asa i btb. tt layr. appwwahuunrtsiv A10. DaPen.. 

0.4111 in. thiek. muast Iase vrameisi t-fure* plainiin I. Lrnslo nitgth ponsitiv anl wiii. 

linter tit iditain gWind adlleitain .4i the 4lh-insit. M2 Riip.* 

6211. tDrv with patch. 

A LAw~'.TMn -M C.uL arm M3 flaunamo 

X&"lrie'df Howi. Firing tcdndrl"M nv M utnwraft 

sniden that had Ienv patMe with ehinitmu inlae~a~tir 

14. Pteh anastlicalKy in chmmiani swill KWr 5 milt. 

WL Fhtr with echrusnism, with meitue "Ad up, 

msig a "(win. PSsM vantile, at .ZO C (122 F) and 20 

amp elm's (14JO amp (tit, Ilar the ciakitlated time 

torMn ogum ntess lwe'sI that failure of the elinirumi (sahsait 4 hrl. 

nul~ailed in part fromu I he Pwingig of the uinsleiiing 

stee so dkvnilvd in *e4itiu 13.4.1 It wian then~ 

11 1'l Hituir.* 

IT 1. Dly. 

talrke to aanen It* luewi ouirfcer I nitrietung to gru. Is. (bssiga. 

a bette~r fousntlatiun for the crhejumisim oepipunit. Th16 19. OlAir fe"turMale. 

rendied in a marked inilmortnuent that teW tit the .tJl~ife finr Barn Is. Awhen it lvan ralized. as 

adclptions vi the nitrkdeel erinusuim pliateci atincraft siftwi~lvel in '4eti~oa 24.1.1. that aircraft harrelp pro. 

haitI 1wthe Wat Depaume~ntrs.man,lansiilmlin (limp, trublelwith alltellite liner andl chromium plate beyond 

ter 22. the litte weeldia rield better werrvire than the aaiiri&J. I 

tin11 glue ipi of firing teistu by shei Cewuphv"u 

L~aboratory of Meireral heanalretl nitriklliticx!lism pLated 

at the "Catiusual larmus oif Stiamtant. pelimiirti-ino 

platced litrrl~s. sevelsepivu-nt of thin, "combination" 

I'ana4 vrax uindertaken and a xperil'eation was prvl. 

pamit Iesu4sie on platitic andl firing tri to. The emsiwititmi 

we.v anu.nhs eeeelneli iis plant mrespuirentits we're as given in Table 2. 

at the Dwumler-Jnnin Corpuratiusa in (hand Itapsids. 

Mithipam. awli minsia' rhange were mask. lirfewpro. Ttanx 2. j41~.v.. 3 5uop of 5nei~sei'l di~lseinwAl (ns 

etuitisme, of plated barnrta. ile.r~cillvil in (lwptei 25. Anonssuiess getie. in svslilsi 570, 36.in. inr4 with 0-in. 

wax .snticrtalcen in a laar.. unit by that reseupeeus. detiste' lilt". 

'T1% blallet %ent m~um I* isarneell loll ill 0l.513 + 11.(112 1 4 in. liefows nit'ifilng to le-ast teo ibe 4xriieeiid filial i.bn 

~aa emmsi ~awe 

w....r 1.5 0.4!MZ + 0.0045 

A. vate Wminew hil&.Wiphy .a~ s la 1-riin Rii , A W 10 (1 '44cISO + 0.0033 

23 fl.41AIR + 00035A 

U)NFIDINTI'AL 

*

Ix4,p. liner iaa-er~iaev i6 p arvfe l&~; heat (neat flip ige.tenaaaalemwr~aiw..l~n~ 

abea1 4ea yernit a wtitat rtflruia-vry. pLairA afte-r in. piLA ua4 .j [it' ciediiiiiepm w A+6 - - ' .paraM3an 

oreinag the' fiver, is iw4!er. Twlarf Lvitmrthea.I ftmeverel th....en with (O rhe etiwv .1 .ivirrd iemln. A ieblipwit 

1laffictiell Iara-ano- the' ,.eplatiento. terneha ft mielte-ra :cel lip Mnte.aa ii .Urr in,. ticiak of the ew naigia el tarpewl toa 

fitainrei in 11w .crick a# ltar fierarea~l mid id 4h ifiwr Iiwt ripq a aOuuei~r rf4a~. at( almaisl 01110a; im. in. alinmeler 

ando it- e'aaaeq eirhiaagat itliar litay. In thir 1pimhoiaarli i cit imaa Il a altriehlN ineiv raa.a in W. mainfr a v~erver 

atiim Wholpf" in I. A alanmir ofeal Sinmr, woo. icartraI M uinaai..3imw, mlaa a JCemut it 

inse Ob w Iioml Ali"' woo ohma e~~raqa..l~aaio awl puta trerr iweeIa mwwitave le i iam ofs hoem h a dmiyw 

plated lanaItv the oeaew reaaalitieinaa ga fcli-letcgxth hor- ximaa mati.b~ 

ni... 7aw thuminY aNite wa.. noaantaaluamrl at the fear. A gaac~aa.v ra~daetiir,1 SKI hrn+. towm platre'a. printa;. 

wani a ned its aviava oklipeapiiae id a Aujia c"Iaa .4 alan,. palfly w-ith iIC e-lraaniniar. Fiaring 14-00. % MW. ~e 

mitam thew. Faitlabrr ,.taaaiv in. naraait.im l elie -fan 11w he eorai.ing in az'lawrri.. platedI uitia fnura OCYL to 0.010 

larai ainthtlaI .4 plaiting Sinaa'4raan-6I~. in. eat IW 1*Iaaenpauaar fear otv"r: iamelwn (faim the 

II#V:.vq flovc',I. (hlady a antawl caewalfcr Id fiar 1.5-inch Imnrv%,a tanl atuwla f~ail'v 01)5t too 4..414 in. til plate' traio 

ra.Wi..k .:loarnl.. wa-a pLAtrml .'~~aiaawion t~l 'iv. JOaa.t0 

pipil flip porluaa litterqa 4w"etari iaagn'. 114WIrrniji. ftall,the 

ir lotflo imi. azz~e. %laiciih 'a.. &t "rheakeeaI in throe 

iaurr4,. 11.A- lifi- id tIui.' .iaijtav A1) linrrrl is at I-ape S 

ien~ch thpiwuvi d4 IA' e0arpeaiacii. almall 9l.0%N in. I[tick diapaelpliul I.-v thcis' I pt- of elapipit. Meier testis an. 

afth l wiar mai. y"Im~i~l thae Iet-4 tratita.. It a-sn..eaei plaaaniel.. ieAu.aiiag luirr-i, paatta-a %ith I.C ehrpnmi-acm 

ppmseaiIlel. Saana-~v'. tia ..m-t-an' tha' iel-ninaal Iiiitantali- In voir ta,4 at( a 211-nan laurn,. pc~areal itith 0.0! in. 

nealy aai it ver Alna heiviel .4it( IA rlars-iaaiaa in 1iae1W Itau It. I.4 iC.Anmnatieam. 1iar INMcn4 life' A-;A. jI~pra~iiMat4V' 

ovliolw aspe ratiatiterasis Ilk- acit~meraepaeia. leatileltl. T7.a.cai. ""W4 Nvalale llaiaknaaiu nam eflaitalalratf 

a RafirtinpC antaade. cawguhwh. naatelitiyal in ficn ea .4sleranaaam Get, this. gum Iawnar harp' A yd' 

efrlaraaasa plating ltage' nnaval gun.. w-ita I1' diant. Iowan siozfioe. 

mumi. y-ie+kfi IV alcnaaaqtie withla per api"icnae. .'ela. Two. v-aiv.7-amir 3 pina liartro. T47. airpnnmenl 

' the. ta.peanr i4 part .4 1he. Nora 14p Ilk-. "ralril is SA'tiaa. 315.7. maca tiw .17-mm guin haarrwl 

6hg.'eli ne-a boath itf the hittlara ti-e."fluratm aaaaiel 1a,4'al tear te'A.. .41 # h 1s it~ prtifaert-r. ienct~riwaml in .1era. 

euva,.uiva. paa-ivit7- .4 liare Mal Pop rapawaal. ii... 312A5 wrn- plaitela of ther WVaIingtem Naval Cun 

Th1W larit-o WC 41etvi4i waw filetainrai Swf jaaanap 

p~litng.* With a '.A4-a'.aalcae ag .antolk% o.a4" s.. .4 

varlecya~ with tic,. muearrntirnt d tiar Natiiennl HIatinao 

e 4 ( $Asnelaa.. Noti# .aaacin atata twp aalitainae to 

capef" . ..ilver. iear .alianaintm. nnr tape', aiaia.eaylthe # warrantu reniva ewhrtilienlim fear t1w- ype' cer thicknevaa 

Asanleir n',4..lante' ise awglimilpla. .AnY rvv -reer taplrv. of Anrln.. mag. 

eanaiaral Sy a liuffe're'awa in l~rtheiNJAleP rtuebe'ar~ati~eia Wiwi;k Lamertat Nifatadua' Me-aeaeriui Instititte"'.iI "If 

atial tanita~arntilre't 1i1C IWOMaaae'n. is COV1aiel'aI 11 * picnapa. on 377-isaac I-arn-la. inelic-tiaro that 1arm' ise a ftintinutilaa 

inia lthe weiiattiem lianniadi11ia heirr t U hiauh rutr eat iccalrewmit-na in flit- lt-riter~sariiier? of spirit fiurrelp 

fleis. Thu.. prwicralaan' miiiee' the' iliffe'ae'ter in lodill~ie 

mirepi-n, ratieae -eiml teraiitwritatcn afthlia tw~i a-net. :aoil 

1tiata-I %*th 1W( talinnecaacaia 

tlaiiktwiroo amp tip 11.010 in. 

Aith incve'...a in derepnoait 

thee highs-? pirs-qen. inv.ativ'ai alos re.chan-, ther lIacialal I'aruta.i s5.7 40-inca. t:ciia-n'I-Iiaw main, U 4.7-in. Te-' 

v.ialnxw. 'Ile mt pina t e-icaia-cite-r ise naarncal at a flew a. ille',. naciejr inal A-cme' 75-nitura aempiile-,ap riff"ha were 

Tale .4r lim ft nin (30 eta mntli. 11Yvn aricag tiar tI'ow 111.11(4-1 ml eiwNatiiieaeIIcrac dmaaltasld cae 

rite., liar I. re1ntiihei at- nirieitio jim the liar ajaiii i-ala 

le a- ont .inellll Ki. r v1 ithe i Acrnigrjat ear % rhiAvil 

laowa. 

lI- iii Ir,.n" evneie'ir. In p-tr-mcri f Ia. e-hrienvisrm ietint- 

rin eta,. li ehe-tid-iv . Wi cl tic. ~a at.eItii-al 

wnw-,ote, -evl *ar ,caeiitittp ý cn siacriant ut~inite' rireum- 

%a.it' 

Tie :avieie pn.-iaelcc ii. ataIvv liar I..h t ril Anenaie nvielatievao. 

nee ila 11ricIK dee. i-chaceg tir-aii liar MflCeciring 'liat i eea A- c-v *a~. eae~laI. 111.aIW- tica. 1.4, ;iltf III-; !ee tblara 

lie the- ML') C laicanst Ixitii. tiar lImn- was:, plali... cafir aptiic4Iiaai l~arTc-_i' Kiico "ase It-,. I11111 lIMM in. thic-k. 

orbi~cai. saaith Auippiat 001112 ineih .4 I[ droit eleaiaaa. Ditcenlc di.. j ~-E est a:w c-ai a-evv-rai Lirgc' pic we~ ret 

1,j~aaa la v 1w u' ' ciaeraictini nillieped cvara'.t icter. l aigmS-l aidst cage llSit a ce1 i. aid [IC chriaeeiaiaci lea the 

nc~vim. Wa.-Iaing1s-ve NvAy (;ties Iiartar~y feer wi~prinie-ntal 

rONVIDENTI %1

liri'193 9384 I~lk- noi' (3ri11.:,8 . 1 

all. .'ifpw, 110 4. a 1,uII m 4w.9.~8t1aino lits flu.".r ilaa-r Al41.8 f*w 

'Ilujiw i~ , . rnw 11" h'1,4,.. P-w4 tillizwn ii f l oot. w n m-n-n n w fa itp x #I 4I m l,. Ve pitw t.win d ist#auwq 

e ' p Wl I , . w e s t . . i a j g . t ol, a i l. * i g o i n ~g l e f I - a r ri 9 n'i .. i fr o mi.. ( ' a * \1'9 .j , g , ..q * ." 3 . j .. 4g3 l .4 Ia9 1 188 8 * e ,e4 i 1 

* uw.."~"~ I'. Ili n~w. w~w nu e'nlu~a.3 e.~ nest1. rauiwall ptiw-tive.aWe" 4lea98ifow "'.w:11 W.n- . 3w~lml .".I fwit , 

rbwithvp.)1. l4`10111111111q~ ~ 9V WM n- lit WU -1'ZMPI$ e =104 4 1111,, likews , 

gnIhy an:ein marin'.ms (uin Js . 1li Mv :898.8 imw ## l tht 4orgi to filn,':1.88, 398eit, )0 

4" twi't.gj Wro so .2., INia, ed 91w.".i I~a Itriv:a too i. 'a. . till 

Ob11 tey npIutrfo 11, mWi h-mwtr,.y .e 

un itni. %' n liqti w88199 At4 a t 8188 l8ewr m ei.t aiens Iitnt,.i:I.' inj88 Ajil:*9.* f21.1.2 .an- fsani' *4 thn floor~lt 

kpmp fn m 9*sqV m~vimn m ?" et4 .- *- 01 l15, rf el lo o f up 

Tiw. 981.i8-mugl . irtoiin 1. 0t.1.ei..l .w -4um-apu its 111ie. p1m13 +..114.di 

trn-Ug 

im# mof n .1J.3 levowl 

.9wl sui ,.c, oe- i 8l t 

3,lhe 

118'w hJolmetn8,8 

ionu~ainin 

d-telfto .. i i. Jose, :itINOIn gf s 9888114.-mlt Nota thi.. mcall ol,.Ii. d "Ott. 1Wa 

.. ua4~~~~~~~~~~~~tr..~~pai-e 

n 9w.18wI.glI. fiaoln- 

I88-9~, ill 4t. i8 a8~n.i:~, v-m:.. #irll rq1.,:qgv. :1111 

nia-,-I331198 

:8Iw.n.iat 

und t rnLiI 88'la~ttI 

Rito 

911,p...&.. 1wwuia, i 1 ..al , 31,1dm Imriia -eteraw lo- i 998,. 88,.e 84 

sjrk..l amia9nil 060i filte ton flu-.. 81888Ia so3iteil ~imnf i i towera 619(.n 

84m 

8,voirk..9 

'l1Wtnnlmlal let 

31118~.2. 

f9w. 8411 wis, 

iItll iIe.88140 

ted' .4 99wale. 

OW i~ oua8wq atng. 

V thw 8atk' in. we d'iet ' Ibr.*:,n.1, )imurtln.,. th right menhientm 

an ncp'ultnvensw off83 Ikvel q4h'88. 111 11111-tiflt 1 

88. 811.01'. 9.,il 81g8 p18 fw Ir89- ou.8tr e89lf.-r 

we. i i . gle.n-3.' wd 

flirter * 

4 e iim 9.5. it 1 uw e i .:too bA -kr,..,.o 4m 

8lp4 

n 

f381,11 

sl ~ 8CiI'1 

01 lmol, 

IaiI~i a g u14 Ie iat w i-t~ . .i . m~r,, i w i ItmiqV l i n flu~9 vailbror. 

le 

i- A l 

i 

Pat~td l..1 w9 8lith fe 0' ~gI18 

Saimia las~4 p%,ev1 mvto was livi 9ian Iy - evit~w1, 98r81888-o a 8, It'8 fee m 8, ols.9ay'I vl ovmrrrlu.i- lter40h 

ni,,'88k8s p I ii'I'. cr 4r sanol rl3iw8.4 8irtt flu- li9.. e- =-4-m888 '918,. ,.3 88:8.8 

to,8, 

l l 3,1818 

Ove A the. 83p~m.f 

8898 

A888 

d 3%mvq 

lrumb88h8 

.i. tillo 114 8a89 Ism t 

8889 of at8, No88 plft 4 tirfave..-' la a18r 'n9 iii;3'.jl o aidui 1,8 . :88383i)l~it" ni8829 ti 1- i olrq*rtmer -tllh 

i 

- 98..8 l-wm t wiik- eves-riecru1 iAii' 

I9.8 8un 38:88. 18)8. with 8,.i888'88:834 1h88888s 4 -lr . I ' lea 4 ov~ap 888 8 ' :89883te trilIt., ..J 8Itykt 

o A r . v w i es i 3 A . t a s A m i al t h t ( i i -k N ' n *)E 4 % d f ol t f m d l i n v f v Y o o -l s m m x oh r 

gle 0f-~ . pSe of 9 

oifivemi hovlmvroýnviý 4 tt fio(4;mio so Is-ivni--oI el lu fileil udee.afrrhain: x 

moy hrmut~fviik itpiveittm-ril l~acinilamltilill ttr-tond 

y4114,1 ll"I he*11M m vS. 

om. t911-:0n-vgo--v- ~eo 

0hi 0fi-tý 

Sa

of riJlnlt somis vIIqA" oru 3sa HO mis 211 nmt oimpsn! in a asah &o Is,, mo 4S it I id irim. lasi tiotu.4 Whopw are 

sopsioitattm gtaiiins a:,is~t 1031 K I .4 .-..I,,lt dah1.A. ilr iiat~tal ILj46- jlrt-winiut~ the' e~nth-Ole. e45rio~~-vr 

1ut* At a p11l ., 9) .0 1,,t7 %%ilk M11. Miliitin %ato ON." 

cotabiwhiyil Irs&~e.~. poOlsst 4aAe'.~wuidu4 

noI,,iiln .4 2.1 Pr I ow isMers. pfiv'wi 

Wh~u nd@AW@ Ve~r 1" 

wiolrw. the fo-nnio.. 

Oetqiats.inf P#',lt~ hit ,i..ally haavirr tha* the Thikat.sit. wtMthr aft "I l oathia5I 

#e-o-tir-iIL-t-i n4-6d e:,synm.,,i ,,-ev Nirkm iplate. 

( 'et*rroArqs.erlt-MM after 311314-dtitII93 '4111 ("A~t slw"Vi 

r.Jwtlt priminas.name *4 i.oi initial linnncoLnr 

AA~ C air. po...,...ki. that iti, h.,. likdvY.Io. ..pl ow' nanr. 

Atlaa ...niaijr ý-upt frown the erinmr af-il loath. It 

inwod 1maitItle too 'tate' %Arthrr thee.% olU~ife'n-no in, 

adwiat ItArm-ws Isityfot rrowici n-pittonery lIka lu4,athavio n.,e,Ig ,iwr~ fiarsi 11W small irsas esontert 

aierlif TIh. "not trosti 46,.ritiaql in AV4q1,e ea li.1 opt thet earwm".i. 

17 

awal hiL's hat,.O 1 "ha uwikAi alikel. v to ~sles so w. shgw .59-o"Wo, w sthe p q I w 0w .4 9w rhato 

a r-asut .4o infese'rmnilar mrnsmiiin. (non Ow allow *ilihrtoante linth so roompan' stith 

A finr wait platedl otimI O.i9I in. it( ulualt .inI thatg fnwis the' chrtniii aveid loath mnroho-r ,.intile run. 

leWieqI rn the "e,,hla59 oiflrw,..m4,-4injz pin. 4t4wrtisn ilituitori .nit no.# itiotirv the. owe of ,uwh poluting bathis 

11.2.1). 11w adlww-rnr.,i tlb mi1w igt? wa.. pool, hiot in the ,iti,.twitifon at IN-. Nutational llimeatat .4 .9tan. 

its F -aarwir to naeltitings lnt 9.. waging wao Irma. titan, 46ipeb. Oitw.fl. ihev an. .Iitrie-11u 1t trNI p"eupt drood pseie. 

that so4 rhrurnitim.14 isit. 1mu.al-Ie't hilth r-onevntrntit..no. It waot fwtnd 

that the e'itf li "fuietai .4o the thrumsie 3ac.1 batk 

MA4LLOV OEI". ITION noa he swore "tM - insi41mU4i, palteitilarfy at tob' 

ew t In 46-IA4 n, C, 449is- 14t m dilitt .n tw Ihalth owr Isy 

A suiiwiri4 the plating i4 alltiva its wuarraongeil Ise-. f~tIohns hy.lr..E0wnric, oid in'tead tof shidurie aridl. 

c atiin allswt nusiest. ..,wh naitalit &P 9itnix-tfe and Ncith.-tu iul te. Ita. hosh~a, Is'rn usrul in the plating 01 

enxai~lIetiwtm insi , lv .Ite pemstalie 4miv atosoalen.oo; Run iosiwls. If the phypieaI anol mrrehanical proPer. 

OWIW~~ , by the e"hu~e.sapitse id tilinsmeabpi eon- first of the tlrpemt% (,ums rhmois haim, weer* to Ise as 

trnIAt pir-aPertiono errtaju, AI Awq piqt Pr" r ma s.% e gmpd os fh..... frions the regtml;.r craumnions f"Oho, thtty 

ohtuinedi. Wh.ie ii a. p'..mihle to i..elepeuef thwe or shissikl I' tried in guin lmnsrne. 

pastoobly nmie natal.., the eletmtigin andw neutral of .Ul~u.S id Ahnnikimm aitih not niwh "a 11% on( lung. 

pueh P1 of C am, mtaeh mosio ewos~pl~rimt. than for pieen or mit~ldiolenm Arroe uilitaineel from efirtimar 

bisma, @slay mid loath,. eienutini4ng 2thile'e ttunoutmte or ruslilylate 

Chaen u Alv 

OrmIe.a rhvemi.,mn hap l'acn fiaanoI to i...Proomi. the 

wAs floeide'st cw js&444thfltC5. Thw eathoade etlt4-neire 

V-.., very lIo... 

Y"Tortol Weer ninl:410C141*i tohe Iep.t41W? mcm 'A it% 

c4ihnsmiimr (row" Ihthv rtuitaining chrumic or (w t.. S 

p-Ornsa.nrev 4d pin liarre'-. effe'rts wrre s,.als it tode. mow0011."I lte'ernlY the U.S. II41resucs(NMiOrae hA" 

poomif aflovis id chnueuiumm that might i*e Ir-sts Iwittle t"ehqylq t -s primi -o n4-nnioing chrin.iu,mii from its 

and have leta wienlenw.. -to crack thtan ýmorr rhisnoitim. 

It io po..seh 

urs. 6Y Plom tr..ls.vot idn luith rtintnining; chromaic a~nd 

4 e to ininemhise nich rowtl.. ato mmi. Pickiie 

and cobalt in the lenrin .4 WIqh:n:t', a the mg. 

Armmeptopuessolgs l seutliumseintoafe at a pHl of I.S. An 

inpqjoAhole .otma. sitat s .em-swnim 1, a .i~aphrogm. 

solsr chnmnit arid Iiresoo. It I..eifl.-l hipw.r..*-r, to Efwr-erwe-. aso higha asI 40iwr rent wemr, uhuAioie'l. but 

*.iehpoosu more than a frw tinth.. of I p"? ro-nt of 

nickd or rteghita otith else thrismitir, -ini! netwe thtan a 

the' eh~an,,nmt JIe'pwa-toi vere (lark and Issittle, and 

eintairteol no ntitch as 4%7 of chromic wqiole. (, 4 ee. 

few pe~r ere't ist irnso"I "I timnleu the rittelitifs,.. (e T;%Igh 1.1 it %%:I, ttoA tootinl 1smwA&I to wultfin any 

prtiwin~etioei .4 ritlr Ut Ca' I.C rlmmutentsn 11w ,v-.t. Imo ll..' l p1ahiey f;-," boith.. .4 il- .. tyeOr l 

mitt flo-pwootit have. r' n614. the ,.aiba pnswrie- an fra,i" niL~iftm- rtsn,nt~iMIwii .thot. 

tIaww% .4 pltre' ehunnsmissna tle-Wpoaueel minsis tIh m sinr e l)Dea-we.. 1'.uu-4A.iiig 1 ruitait "ith cmniv JOY '. 

ronetitiaOei rire-lrmnu,4it %cr oit tl. ives f(nii Irish. "imtaininit 100 

Ifelativel rpo .. 4itiornitimso fle'ptu..ilo ot M4 C unil It 1.4 r.l,alt a. -ulue 5n i'144 hrinmimm api-lrrrnnie 

21 Amp ilrn I 2931 tp (t 4, setrt Ipewhirinl ins Flida:n-I ..uii(ut .. mid iEl~ ~ :4, a.inId. The' hti n In... . the 

at Iort it ith a .e e.,%rlutI..uI. li. jew-. *11w V Il~ee t ~lemt A:1 -01W"11:11 Intliyfwr than that .4o poore 

itsam ttwn ihlrie'i~c'l ItY :11iitnl 23. d i nna tor 2rd It I riolwit. 

of 9 n Ale-nt .-hmeni,4 tea to IOw Itiath. It ito ga.......l lit94 Ff.""4 2 l.tIt4" 4 i1l4 tttgs tC 3 tuIr iry 

0 0 S %I 

0 0 0

.1.114 ,e 'e Ilsi..balace 'i'meei. un Otanm. Vitr ic . twitiii. )iti leova tiiisi is ..lai.,uiimwr f9it ! Mow g 100 C 

4e fits ale doly waoI itivigiiwt'. and tug' 

w. cek ix n-pi en-el it tee Iteioteiw lw~t-i iee deleg-i. "m.' o of 11 111'4ell. niimiu-1,thie 

Iytw -in' lww'.iie'A14 awl ie~f,eI (si r the.d. gstirluww.. vltao~i wanoti ele-i-ee nleu' 4Iiftfik'le .116 atzing. 

114IMee TO'.et 11-e141- fit a-nik l 114T I tirr- "ee awel fit 010114`11 

**~~ 4iwtt~.eee~ AlL,~.. T~eeustr Ijwieplalil ajlh nie'kc-1'taintten 'e4wl fin-el in 9w 

Iet,--timui mutw sl)it. l~'*runpetesii I1-3qvrou.lt- .-ehl..-r ."At rewitiset4'.finee Kciml ,.elt'.'l '4%4'W 00 

js~l (e-WI t'r ..Ji~tf Jie41e4e1i'1 Meejilie1l Imelis, e-q-ista1in evfleierns..11f t 

s tlec eotilcw leageu. lituvo" getairel with 

illst~e~rae- l eerrilý o llim' ethc wi.l~i.oee Is( alteeeg eel timoto-l 1 n 

.itiel eewke-l ow eolhqr nwt" e.~ ~t- ina-Av.isc~iemso at 

'oLeIIeiI to Ieeewim' Ilootti' Ii-WaneIri tie.4'Vihio 

than eee 1-e Wi et waene- in(f'i-ter toe thwee. platr 1 with 

Shep Vilvve'gw.v 4 Wwww"hM 

e.4tIee.',til IleimpIe-l u~ -IVA fleel 

hidjpm!& m'thuRI (Gw -psiW- "Audui 6wt C'~ll T~l '11W . Aieowee od tla lov'ie- 

Iceeda mi-I nibel atkzi. tnnifteel ;%114 waSM lot-ttvir fluon total 4o c'hrunioeam11 

Iti~w.llle. e~ tlei- el*It'e'.ee a llo - 

1a~ollp .41 llelieewitleele 4e flti-'w aliteivo ("poill stnoCllii.ei14-iI 

llten'r %%ae Ii-,.. -cagjgueg ee liveu tlmI*i~ with th 1w ueint. 

11i11igj-t'Is Ouneaide w riti 'eleli. IJTibrpso. a IMue 0n- c arie to 

tule~lo.~" 11, $14 eeletjee rnea 14e'er aIH'44eoi 1 4d4 tCiililffefll its the 

Ei..Urfieew-iirI0, ni the- !ealjieeal Ilulnie'l 44' S~taneLeIM,. 

diet 11.el 61el it twe.-oalelic too pitine 14Ci- r towi, 

tijuto, itioietg-la'ti :hein 'elis em its Sna 11ke pm'e4lee elta- 

ple% pat~leiC.e lAe1. po.er iiies.'rilanI in 4veti--n 2D.2.4. 

eetoluansit allew ale-pio..l rve ann y 4~' e l~eu legellew tit. Miec-Is feerlitr weetrk. iturleeelitg pIe..-0eet' meeulifrie' 

Avre'4 almeA4*. It vtut thime hteman pi*e-iheI lee acllain sitel el %J tits-ma w ot.te 6 mineplft I* reaimilive GA ll 

vmia'tewvtor tit Istwit. fnime -jeiiiieinit:rn ceeleetitmce "M-iee Ieeaeuoilifit'ee fetw aileayoe tllsvtepetn 'Kith r'dit" ej 

tailing o.alI- eel' IlydnIe -aerghvrca'ie . aesiwi me'ak Fits r.,aanipel. it 1111 Ise ist'etbfr to 

A lypiael IIetlt rowr 4l 14Iiewit jilly .l1eei4 I .d 41( eleclt :RIie pnidlica-w byi 1.'Ie-e-ig-eedteling 4Mu a eeoljta 

t l4. swicl. finemn 

tuttioroei ielmlainot. 25 K 1ee ra-afinl ml fute i wel~a. elkoralb- laite~ig~ toelleeey prfite.' ansi a btuely oo( anoetchrs cietwlel 

risk"-. 10 xI tle tieng.-ten In.. ooliiina~ luovutiv-e. 4MJ S$uoea, r~osrswy Irial.. pvc preesutiACg isr'hoe~iS' 

g liseelltew-leailrou-lt (myueiteenx petit tiviiiiie fort rle) anhd 50 

ainenefinimem hi-dn ixiiile t o 8 5. ml i t%- Itme ath ise 4'aatcea *a t io n M o0b e 

at 'M t Ie M C and at I ha-i 5auit din'. Mwieh loc.. pniolop sost mole i lit 41tle ocpuri'ticeof 

D""W.~it.. A'cmtiihitiliigf~ frie it)'e 35%7 if( limp~len tnleeys it( onelycloliwteurn. 'Mte mome pywnri.-eing bath 

anal tlm. Ihfdaeie- nielcielt. nice''l. ci. erem were' eelezincil nremteliis I NX) $t Ied p.izcelAin ius's rteec~nle. 3 IS leC 

frum tuh lctlif e thiet tvlw. OtI~epi~tow. tp let 0.05 in. th~ick 

wern' ,.oidti lantil Atneinx. tnit leititle'. liii- iiiac.' lmoorcit 

upe malinip t~m.w e'le~lor'il. awld M0. It I it( wecella 

nilett.AS a loll 4i4 11. at 100 C' aml I to S 

ieing allot*y' wte'* thrA- eet~tliim-t-ii ai eri.the' hmnpl. antis dlns. ile-pq~tee 4'eentain:.ng lip tee W-c' ud m~ulbnie". 

ed whichb. noe els-peieile'. rnisc.. I'-wee SMN) ote 7111 elerneesi are t.leeu-eitirl. hlwy vim so letenl " the tang. 

MN 'n. 11w Wit eel jceeeit-ue alteeve witl& .141% 3.t.n alieea- oelsoi'lwo~ andetluau-en ewe lwiminoivis~t are rAol 

Iuipi~tterf io (uneto -01 tit LIM)0 ano ete-img an d gle'imengeten ailley*. 

Mwte I mlw-,'i' lcy.' an-' w-eti-ul tee ON) C he'.' an liorni' 

and e-ieeleel. 11%4r liatelne'.c itiwe-e'rwo 'ee too rea ~e sir b a.. 

low1 IVie lero % PaeIeli -t nlseten ow nicvke'l-t~i~tingo'l. and COUNO.USltJN3 AND 

71M) leer irenmotemnKlen. Ilvatingtic dwe tallot y le IM10) C hlECOMN~IENOATlIONS 

te leiglw'r t-.iu'a. t~ic'er te% ,-aelli' pennn-rizti'lltv. 11 

vtielmlf-ttnieK~ti-n allotar le ave hel laniu'e 'ztie. that 

WlLa Cheornittn ftl~o-eit.. 

in- leiladwe thmatt lieo'' eletieeaee, ahd iei1iLj.e elm,- hi ei-em'il aplpivalliefin ed IW eI~c-ceniiem to 

niiinvei. lhee- u-ti-ivi thewir liedn llwon eiecceelinii. 

It~ i~liltiulivqlee toi.I ll Kitotal ,e1-iteie eefl I ivie 

cveal ..-r . ain-reft leeiru-.eA~.aitl hr pi-%i oI'eeLlh'iitkrle 

1 .itll t( itpt... 231 eer peuviela-el wtill a -elelite lttere (01nil. 

tiii:111. :iele icteel III. pletilil Oin i,. leer 14 cc nell 4" ieai 

114a. e eq-. I li-at INw- i-oli.ell in di e .11,,- Nolle %%t iI .ms n-41isiic 

anbbede:iI ee,eeeiilacce ee1' ..arvi~tv. M~om-r Ve-xtwiieiae M 

ina tit lee' elelame :11 iringl t eel o(li ~endllet ,-ietlI. 

;itteriiiitiit vitem-i atol eee Own dIe'!1ýii the' el, cI . valilm ce-uKeul. ai~i-eitliiig lhier v\'itn~itesnei' tii ct-u 

-~t 0eci- eleteee-el a Ijiw-re l..a' ei Iail At ul." ;Itee1iieo mint.jits' 1w' I oe'lee ieee vda-ai- 4-eeagl ati fl i l eirste-et-I andi 

CONI)N1111'NTI %L

~JtfvIwknltf erif l6- it,'."onl. .%ifee 

P ~~e,,gsofu-. 

LI~~"n flie 

aiimnI~w livoe I,*4 erfailein.. ( 14h.it jintrnalieeet 

t1111:1144. Ve. it-to ait#ee U. eler.neug hlit 11". leenuol.@4& 

-~W 9.;* 

lint" w ay ee.etl jeeeuleww. elet eetroiemnotins 

ans~ off .411.1l ,flle,. 1411 atl," its itielie.&i IK th. "most 

5 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 4qm 

lvit-P-rn-P. aite e-ripeete r.,eiellitieeee ~iooultetI gin ..atj e rueies4 e. 1m4eol,. and. all. .%. , it"le1ltlvo tb 

weospoon. AeI4 pgulgt-W elmeelel jgw44lnd elilden-ot lels- hank.. at nwane iueel e44aivel to..e,.lm-nleent, Ian 

owlI tirliwns-.eoe. eel oi..hremesee. eepeI...l let. smeegh..le 

.them at ebny h efaime.. l.t~eee enp 

ufit harimg lrIn" lit-aleti: gna..j cIn-mglIL elelilit, 

clemseitpnw ti, r~ Fro. iet4 eel e.'qweeem sitimr~w"N 

O9illse 04 the'11"W ebjaNpqFe. p1mm. u imwm i Su ts "4hm. EAam uwitiiifamii 

in I!uilie altartek fley air. Water. eq lcee16Tee xiset* 

man~71 TI. et4O i t-l sI em ndkntiow nwfioeli,e oewh a 

limw 11ew .4f .enowerpe.e neell e'.mtimeg. Aeir e'ieaole&.. m~e. raw.- tentier. "ii-it'it.IeinIne it vo 4'd 

el1 e"J'eelg ew -114.Y. Whelmewee I.Y 1e1Wlenmenieer. vananMte eie. eLla-014 Jee .ve l fint lee naw " eee-(,I plievtlito 

flmI"n oer I~taly, elfoeleeeii~tnl wil ailt.r% iulet 1r.41 lejitar~v tan 

a.r..s 11lia0 (.,r emfluee tile l NatimwieISl I'mjwrtieee of SIM. 

Ilion-moo of Stntinie aryle i-end e,.. m- t eilm woe.~ . eh~vnilioen 

idmls, vdwo .41 fleswrniece ew Intel ,vlsioneeem tille ire,. 

06A4.L IV. n'.im. so" estipliewnteurv solol walumil l in 

Virtiet eeaemaliee ea tim- lmrwwrtke . tif .m .tc~44o it," 

in Xim learnI. nut'. nivvwoer *v in ecruler fite 1k-rvoil tI 

r.imp~..ieeitioei ul 

oo eel e ree-guIllewb-?el ree.ineo ew Inip 

eehsemeing ilagat 0e811h tarleete rant lee. 4eovie..eie in a ee'twie ternleewvi~.neieIesda iii .1m2.. 

(.m. locael flm#~ tlwey lo-menwe tojle %"- areit- eleneqoes. ewep *am pe'eegwfleeelf hir -WOe ,eanaaot' ri" f 

first. Meee-h mewr n-aen-h ite i'ngeiiramI lee elleaine aemel .,eigreoner aetel Imffowaanmew gel glee. .tiea ora1nu m 

rteeetnel I'vvtormAlsir e"ilitieiiee few thei4r em~eneieuitioel leo eiemi mvimp ielul Artist. "* ~-h a- Ieeat In ?e-aeitut, nis 

Wain Inwe.. *flwt arn nawr likdly tee Inr~n wtmuli ine IN, egeuWi Iee inopree l~me quue sr :llee-i.It lf U(i 

hergy.o ftiria in Aleeell g i"te.. erre. ill the. Inileer. N".e trds 

p (:CONFIDEINTIAL

* avaavi.r 21 

V APOII.PFASE PILATIN(; OF INOLYRDLNUM, TrUNG;STEN, 

AN4D CH1ROM1UM 

01s1,4515 fairPkIiste lth4in Ista rdS 

~ Rerator tawnsla~ftumt ris.~ ria fri hoiai plk tw ifi sEL 

RT1.111.111 Itfr "fisa' tlisalt Iut"d 

~.fsa o 

Tt%(sT-X AD H~ui av ierlmspwatir isft h VjwI5 icaarrv tutu rajN11i, 

m hi~ilil' apirilelk my-ioiti-"t rosatni 1,plp-rifkt flat- decrli'tflIilv p~limst- "vattirpSW)IaL4 p~lating" sandS 

174 a cleram micti Ivy Itit'hi 46"641 ials m (la1:1,.. "pvalyhltic ptatitnpic hwave hIM4t aipplla'ai. ll1w Cslrser is 

temt Wi. I 7. aiwl Is. 11M.a usta1aply tof flt" lmlaegs eaa tsIhj.aiesl % olitals Ie- s frill-. f ix-tfill palaite'Ia is~eit fly tie 

ta' liiiaiteiA in ntsmiazaii tnx. i6 s.w 4nhiy ,w in waar sin~s isiitsif it va':Ipsi, fstee fnita isiplilitim; Ilse latter 

tillac IIK1-aajetimp 01115 hanat'oorWJ skiixs ans sf IiKhj ;anrntt V. 1-1itii t0.44- JIM- aIxes s is ita'asu1IMM-4sst bVt het. 

Fetw 1thu' n-es14it will vxa,'qviAlet top nainsitla't thpi 

* 

:applirntisen ft tsian-lwsn'mtrf~am, tas thin plteta'. NhirvuW.'o-r. 

finaswivse rneclmloa~a 

is~urr a 6rranrotra 

aa.Ia (arlmgmuI Chrinpiatirvef". to 

eff rivrawbaajim wsast~iltIto Ya'.iastiek a -tomiiatletp irai (Tetma.n 4 the usts.ahitti Imisarv n~uief,' neusalsiy 

nttririsai, nS UVelmilaing h 4lies' siuesate anti r"qwsasive insrtn. niviks'i. vauluahil. liumm-ten. mtaol'.Ialctmasr. chersjaaifeiipsm 

tlitrrln liu~ atllaa6'Pa 19; OO~,rtMWm 4caa Qa.sat. on ther paliviumw aimrala.s. hm~r Ohe 

it %insstmily aasawswbk s: finsim~i~ iswual t ma 6 um sox unavnuma rmshi wask somiaem mamuto., 

,qvari~. stw 

Mm aUnder 

oimttle. wihirls waus "rrAaa's frossiii. sntenmi ta' h aplatWrapflnttle et'ueiijtssam fta film% ea ra'aauialely atabhle 

soctiliusil in (.laaptar 17. shiiwsaait.ti s masaapanima, knaiwn as, evesdaunyle~. 7'flsev h~ar 

tnsplatin&. Ejnsilta iapplthri3nK edrtorsaslaias sif tlse aaas-tsti Silasz is~ foolsiw stw is'ter. TIhs mislietite bL. 

throe axsnaeias san- ik-wrilmea in tisapite 31. (lOaaisnimo twau'n his naitati :anti e'strlisims asssuit m taakcn Onzce at 

haps psasausi mr taet 4 --.Aslja whag satlissik fte asteel hlikerefll ipan itialiI(' railp frilly smailer lirniitra r-inv4a of tem.otsarf~avsa. 

loss ai 

flekIat metal smithtaanplts 

atir let'eihoitit SIC nitael~h 

leaesty'niol yet lx's'a Ilritiaaaas. 

lamr-oiitlt 5,5 and limssa'. mids tli-se. vr.ay friem naetsl to 

tiaeted. IFsatat fewt wintt atid nickel. tiacase mrianeitieonoasre 

ekt'tiajl~i~is haiewpes'. the naet adhlaiai tit ntra rg:aiysltradis. t ins a hlttna. td'lm olie~~r nrartasjsi Lsame 

the' ,'srfse'ar cotAeliti. C seer aitliava sit thise tyl llas.es ai'i~smiav htret-anaa- by* mrti'tin Ist ltweean cairhbon niammao- 

Uihest u, as. glatale its ( plaats Pl. leavet nes'siaga.'its'iY iseis' auhn aipprtarapsts' sesimoitipstia siC the inertial. 

iflsa nathtung pitilats.. Iaeln-a thaeir atim' no5 mo'teimi~ n-6it. 1lies esarhisisaylt. whesn Waa''fi asi , Are' tA1111114 only 

msta hiiaanea ii. Posetss-whwat aisaitsiA aty the tn'aitlenasaim wa' ithlin dea'tilpje hiiaailes isixt-vea ofC teaipersataare sand 

osenchifetisitas tw- hi. nat in fiinza. Ilse sajahisictisma 4s ;af'ill. W~ienaIthe ta'aaapa'iatire' at at give prarstsssaal 

masteriaal adiiisrtiiatist iha aif~saaas a is rnia'el hn-is'"at a "tl~ific Iaicil, th e1 'arlatoni aliestr 

chiataetaiiina. tus AvIelits littas's,'o reavs c~tssas theair aim t miaasajaews' Iii n-tafsira t hae iaa'tal san acarlatso ma~no'ite. 

faalntrss. *Illuio Ism4' lAis%'.si;1ts tiat- oleve'ieparnh't ofC at A mmesaitalart' m':tisasai. vasty suar ms'e in abvit vsia ~r~ss 

fast 640a few tilaifIiaaili miasiiantsii muatitalp 4s f Iý Iui..s vaast:rhssoa siugisae, am fsstiaaa' frauiath moasnauss~simle. 

ifox'talpt it Meislite. 

-~~. - .~~~ . 

lii.' qiarleous t hiss, ia'tla'aeh asav ittyledlmiasitm h I ms aan aladjitsiotatg 

.ssrfausa fvt ie.isr nithi sthe mestsal rcs'tiitiga fnmm 

t ' ra~~i. ~ 

fqmsnAi 

h~I ).:-,I *ti.s-1.t 1vW 

* Gwii .lfi,* .6l 

to..."' a. ha- i t,ui favnn.. , i- ram .. Go, a ithers 

Iamb. 

the iii's. .iliewi ii t itsa, tor it tassY tasat %, ithI it Ita fourmt mea 

"t I11aa1.a V;Ifiihltý. ThIst 'saila. ta' v mmstju s is. of 1.4m. 

sisis~drialalt' iimllat tlas's'. :is %%ill I is' ten it lti nifir.Sase~a. 

I ~ ~~~~~(larinustismn 

I'm. IsMsvt e.41iu'-: U. S. i'i,'.lgsseiu, "'rt..I v.ai's iiialovalerai. 4 a tn0l 

tat, sIDE last419

Tefmimntalionaim l dtiniptiliqt i nii'ktl C~ar- wS* 11111.PlifliTUNNh OV* lWofYBDE:NtU 

14111%. io Ithe I~l., upiot Ih wIli- *- ..,i1. 1% Mim jwtsl' fiue~ ir ClifRUIJ .m" 

the onnunfaruitirr iti pain',k.A. Time feornintiom ainoi "tJa Formalion .IW-inlentom Carbon'I 

4 *Mm rurholftry tomp~e a hbit. 

arutiorr *vWale raw tile Potilr~atilm gof 'all Pnonpla-0 I( TheW inethI ul Whitia mmicitir f'LY the pwoa.l-Pe 

highly pan ronfr fort I'w.rienilifi p..rpaites, anail huassai L teitan had rof man~ivinb inwhooiii in Ziifloatoil atiplt'10t 

lasten used for the pnixinititm of palme iron in t 1aaoanti.. fair thip puinwra ut maria the. ir~wtivin of curfaiu muchlitw 

of saetvml puonih.o titt a tintor liar the manufargaggya a#a"k- sills a ~w goirr ar if .nottllyhdo-rinat high 

of iron arttclem by pawila r metaillurgy. pwoiasmws. 71v Ed uetalaxa mia.vivilenum at. ttoro 

pad jwurtsiral~ne,flogs, wait- how fiauwlv ulvitied the 

rn~~a ar Sum o Rien Prpemameatal may fi.i 1, ovwfslottal"Ol with ia 4 ta.w 

Summar of Rio it PWe's",oziole. The militia Fair thim 6I iamarvm, lost 6 p"rhapSTM 

T earbimrlwnum to( ngmblu.1lenmmmn. gIng~ers, :ando cumeteal with th iann hnfilm of atlxicete 

orhrwinuiso have Iten knowan fit smonor $llortiign. do,. which eleartisinr uimi fail the, -urface of the 

4f the liters tim?$'"" vrvealawi that they hiavea. tiy mortal frivn t rowmeiams. 

hotet preparedm ion a 6lowiaaltam waeaL and float 1141 The rtmive firmamd x" tiit~lsemnttt neressary for 

atiernpts hiave hser"nnmade hihotlttto tu ugilize either the renrtitui witit coolans manasteoide wax produced in 

the metuimaa or thu. ftriwaun is pwpnmlayw their tie- the reaction %Tu."4 1w thme miductiuss tif mMilAdiriuni 

compsistwiion. Isnlmrivsil me~hutof Ai'r the perponntian fortiaharhkvhy a mitaisr resget, snark aslt*QbIr 

of mol ' itlentin. and orliranuitim erirluamdo hare' now stime. in the pn-wrm, of a water-free sOltent , salor.1 as 

brotan &lra-luoqd an tieemrilri'd in .*rtiomp 21.2 and 21.3. 6thtlw. The I itutuep parair u rut the fafrmation of e4` 

riarct i iel ' . The etmiilrl womrk currivad toot om 'xaad nay IK. repressuted lay evlustiumo (1) Isid (il. 

thr vapor-pha..e islating at( nuioltl~rtlemi La ouniustui 

Await in S1eari 21A2 Ilittly a pmlinimaiam, ivoatil.sj. 2I1 +Un2(tt$+S I (L 

tion an the prarpnrtitmof i~t( lim ten erhatrmpol, the It GO-M41)o (2ei 

prepanistion otf platea theaefromr, and thve paupeetas of 

theme plates has live madtte. marve m"A 'lvhm'noim hi T1me rniehiarsinot Ed this provess end the ex-act eotiroo 

mrore rruiil 'v availabile. Imse nv ti( of qitalt plate, puy- a~fthefiviratiumdttfthenrvlusnt harehec, theisubiect 

pared by this nirthoml ha-si tots ar Ie taken tmp 1%, tse u(rofen,.idlerie thoseraa in tOw elverical literature, 

of the aihorts miapply at( -ublalt, anal it '. h theor priurity loist the ahore ~iactim remt tofit the obaerved facts 

war as an ev.sential cipnstitnent 4of sellitc andi inilar in asl *iMpi a way W aisiluike. 

Nsirto u( the plateas giprepatrim wastt sntsr fits, 

the hurr. qirfare of a gun, lwava oi the( high !~tem - 

aP~stono 

1_2Prptraino Anhi. 

tire firtsilis"I' (Niring firingt ni4akentral the lsaionl Is-dam lldcui Clrd 

twaenli the plate and the tintlela'.I irig niaterial. Mulo.l16ilcnamma ffdugisle tMOVl,) as W..at stated 

Thr hardness of the pLite.. that ame olltained lat the, almose, i snone of thle puirivtpal meajets in the Preparemethod 

44 vapor-pha-e plating tha~t ham liven idawel. time uf the carbon y Hi irati.t this reagent was not 

(atope can Ix- rarieti ait %:ill. 11-inre. viiith a little file- oi-Alubile in (Pl21litr, part olf the inteatigation was 

therinvelatillation, theY n:vite~t-i~htiui.aim rierforer the working osut Ao is noothaul fair the mantl. 

for the hard-i.trfading ad inval" fir lose -A firm n-ipi.g fatttmr itf this cumuseiitortl in posinul lot* or larger 

anaer toi, athuniw'.d 1up:? iitliiaitt )r-Posevenmni~.uiac I iliantnitie. 

;hurk is invoLAed. If evorsiier:,l4ly tluirker rl'leo~ i t ( Int tile xL~'-' a*-hv"io, mul'.Ilemuim prnthchlor. 

K,oxsl auilerrner tin lie prvlpia'a~l. thers, i~a re-msab.~alle 

Pr ISN'et of ticcem its iphitajuing revist1ince to h~i~h 

idei. tile amnlY itabile knuina .4,horitle tf this Of-ment, 

hais la't'n Iiii-Irel in mmm # 1 iajlijtit, l1v tile rencitmo 

tesnix-rasrestlr..f ai itlow nirret tifilry rthiamina' %%ith tlndiv powdered 

niiil~hiltavitisn nuta'tal, ,uultlslenIfin uvaiflt (in this. its. 

awll 

.i. a.t.- iIV4lI fl",,..i i.,i,.',iarIst fWnle 

a., r:,rr-lut 1-ii ,nn..:... . . .i ~ i tP. 

the 

t'-*' 4 i .,$ ' a 4 t.. (-n a0mt4 ,...#-. ian..,, I in . 

m?,si tia. s~iam.mmou,.nxin 4"a sawa I". 

atenre rarlsue. trr.hsev;apor h.as mometimes 

twet, ,tiliyitwrtil in part for rhlfarina', or mnolth-- 

;41:1.mAlilt~ i 

hallit"e.Tm l~it. altl slltti i ha 

inert rgx, i- pa..sr Uti'r fi-the pomhril inetal or Cosa- 

CON VIDE31NTIAI.

poitistl inta harid glapss te ttttZtititi' lr at e'le'vatiel Will. ,,nel nte't~nr :etilt Iefte-ratttla thti appxraftvs, it Aihsuld 

lIf-atowest. lk-. meeluleteleittt ltmel~thaeridh ltmttlri a fma 

let'e'n finueW4,4 from die rrvo-lern stow. pmertlv Iw oth-piv 

FI.4 aPmle t -Ato~lr intgtterrlinxit tel it Wtiild a ewantinu. 

toiol* equn-ng eoin.+ el tnit ttpitilelt of produehemv 

fthem anid partly Ily tile Ictmm tri-AtIu. Satu previ, WK~ itu llya LIlpsuino tvlmnaea*Wmnde elf iwk-41ate peagiY 

iN 4flbe X60tff*. ateit is MAeIV Iniefia'l-41 I mi few ant- ;sxqitse. lin anmtentiutf mvixgll In'.,, 10 to 100 

vi... Ili lir hemmr. Ho~wever. tilt the leaiAs olf tilt. work no far 

A nrw methahulekvehle.iferdGthe mliveluatounidl tile entr~ie'I mi. list 4'estimate' id the 4rust 4if neelylsenum 

rnlmntarlhlmk. jnvve% re ivelnwing a jet ulf rhiemne 

taken firom a tank 4e the cotmenwniael paie .apm tile' 

Peurfarr oft pipwtede ml rnul~lsleman metal. 'rho irat' 

lsitt:..4mleefteh 

pumeeilta. 

wthen pri-parrif in large eguantitiev ti 

iieii tabia plaum rmwaav widhulet Le"aua 

the tnalylt'frntm lient aelletib wck meltee aimel ran In- SASa Focedore for 

drawn (;T tliretegh a valve as nertle.I. In prartiee. tile Prfuducing NiJol~dibcmiu; Carbonyl6 

reartiM %iseee' is Mtletittptel with an excternal heatin 

dinrter to subhanle, the- pietatarleieloie rinmi any "W'iehal 

iwaTm'orCtt Poir 

mtetail or ianpxtrties. andi it its cetineenseee int a ,44-1nd Niealyvlielenuit carhiunyI was fetrlitad byv thc reaction 

%voode. Ordiaaarv cmmma'rrjal metlvtle'ntmn metal peeia. u( varbaem nmestexiee uitl the' nuIxcelylnula, rce-Oting 

1eler gweso pentaeklniele ef inapt.' piurity. 'r1w yield is 

quaantitative, asul the penpewtwso oil lhe pnulut asoft 

frout then',lewtieon tsanhytiru.6 mnulylslenuni chloride 

in tde' prvwena'e mat a Wate'r4yn setllin4. 11me prepetrewith 

those w'eonlnil in the literaturae. ftitn tif tlit- varbarniI was. carried out at high presiva'e 

An apparatus that proehae'ed meillsl*eaenum pe-nta- andl with etteastant and effeetive ngitation to primide 

dulunide at the rate tit ovter 2 Ilie per Nowr is olienen in prilongedl contact with itlte gas and also to proejide 

Figure 1. Oin the basis o( the rtcperience gainvil in fn'eheeerfzwerofortlw rructiun. After many dianges in 

Fo-witi - .riu ..vAn -4i VUWrtvnlrw 

t 

gatIN del3,1.-.ie. l~igen' .5 iii SM(C~l Itelm..e A-122.) 

CONVIDFNTIAL 

41r

111114 o- woAflr 1. T #KK..N O O 

ainxlotooal :stool 0g44t3ili -11 "fitioqowlooo. io~ifl Inio nusi 003. 

113t. linglowIio lo m t oil isonbl ooo1ioaooooiw.N34rl"Ornwi I 

it "won- olstiwovilt to. .55*il 11w poo0.iou-. .lissaitoinm 

loooils'. OH3IN'.41gooool Kt3jinsi roolnumi' lotinpo, unt~o hk' 

ino liolto ollo 0'04000'-n. %its to atoo willoo K or flu singm pio~t t wel" m i-l.., trl'itloa- rwo-O& v W~loop i sop a 

lt~uo'tj'~. uoso~oqy4ea~v.'uI &at. ThW rAd. mot l6d not l o'.' .4wt M V ~ a a.o in 

jonyurnloom a*w iewwn'tt-nl too fiver 2 Ili rwr Itwasr. .% pn'-anfr Of rNlt'aMO WAWAooWtih 0Od tolaut 7T* Pi 

A~ fooar~oI4 ,.ttd atitotou6v. roifpor pha~i oio l 000ntm. in. ,.o'ons, too ltt-' 11w sm-oa Trff ivu'. At It'w.ro-oos.nI oil)M to 

Ailr. 41( l.%I raoitopiolr. olwtoi4s~ in a IwoemtnaI plkioo' 6741 1s'i tI I raote oof tim' f't tI baiw IN- the ie~ld 

sithi a 0mmi. oslnko' boir a ossootow Oinnifli at IMt rpjon in ta givi'n I instasort i.bvh~ rnboril. An itrti'alm 

waos nom4 .0. a fr~i'tonl ve-1.4. T11w -iitost'lavt' no~wl 16 ino lltomi' lot Mloo gi mevwis Soes havent' tw ro lwm.'id' 

losorilnstal A4u6sr an-' iIlsi,4rataol in ligastiv 2. ro'Er. losat this gaunitt tokooo& Fifthe ttoisly. 

______ 

.% vmgwo jwo'o4o'4 balratmeouv ioynsrobeo , ftpim' 

uivussl iin t1w inner wfmvsro. a'Opappesl with an 

aomlIowiLat ir o.Iirrnflg osjvioi eapfialslo- 01( rvtnnitnt at hi 3h Potoo vniatltoii *4-olttoI. unt 6bsul hsraag rmxinX andi (ti*. 

~~rha:r~lt5EItltsint to pao told liitemo.wa Wt~'Nill fairfortlst't 

primowtos l nowlos-ton Go a bo'grv walei. It was. 

o *..- 

/1 

mo a 0!itfexternal los'atilot vivOoolinit 'ouslo be applied 

~~~too ihoefroav oN, monooioor~o thfolwro. tith tioosoosoq mi w 4 

io~1)w i~ fit ino'rrmo-c flu- yodd abieio'ottintg ouan the 

lttlew. Ito div itrvoilowtoofl00 'idwl~l oiltantiti of'0 tthe car. 

~~.ji.. ~ a tI'0a00000t5i110 

rtel. INot r451 r'o-o~thj to nilt otowti the 

Foot, 2 p~i~atawtoo Emaost'o~ ooolaoosu l .01 tormuhst Ivy 11w- torwonm ivn'. Asi '101g. 

Fxn'tlgL (mv-amwoutwfwv i h~~voal mbe. tw toIn i the tmnowtnrlouo oi thne Pbogram the Sgpu 

t Fiumo A in N Itt' 1toiuil A422.1 aliritv wav noid waedi. (Onte ivIoas.io of the pmudue. 

lini u ad tolaso I% 111 4ool gositiifs' m'r!iootI pee ..awkeo.. 

A oflmoo'os-oa4om.(tm flu- 31'toto. aniti 'muoitimtj fill mon i( I he I -aJl rt's"o. a promilrttoion of l6 toB bIt 

Umviol in flu- mlnjoartisom ofl iOw o'o'nrmmYi loollow~o. join non oo( 5lot t6 lr womioki loie a reamonallc, e'cprestatiua 

'The 1114A I ioovilitton po11nto-o'lo1mriah'. tlwime rnpoornti con on t bunisi rges orile. 

of whivlh was- oi'.rtiiw' in So'om21.2.2. utas osso'ol in 

file foom to( img .ir. lioanoi at'. ti lou asot tit in' l 1511ALo E r 

liminilry 10'4 r.[1wlf ep tusn o( !hlis, maivoo' ftio flo - airs WonIsestte wsrs'no'i wast otasnsusalAY trmpleft'. as 

mm0'ilo It, tossist floor m.14-.61110. pooulmilift 11% :ulloooalilg Vorovit 

rileiolos toot tu aptoorte. 

ohqsn b' tihe r'ononstan-i lot pttorr,-o4S1'su( tinf montius- 

isle fiol tiote &g-.lotu oo'.et o t'Ths ol -(mmuotomirnitt'. the 

Aujsiiiomitsso i'tIx-r wsis loosonal tssit t%. llw. oooi w a'tlt. juso %%:w. A.itilt Xu. tl ooromi~t'~4rr v-.o-4 iliwwwol, anod the 

The vtiro. in light t'xivm.s tover tbso. ionilollilt tio'oot't. m-ooteh'oolo o'sooosvo'l. It wtoS fini&I lihat twoi phm-m.s~" vv'? 

rally1 n-Itoiovoi. w-s.17 M14441'o tio floa. o'tloerw o lifo. 410 tI 1w p~n'.oot: :1 hiotoioll ,Ioato., nonmsoilting tif in ethier 00400.. 

niith-las lno0t~O t tjol- tioooosiwii its tlila forni'n joojto huooii titon oil noo1l40itoeinvis "i'arlnid. uzinc riolooiola', tini tonline' 

ent00toig top IkLao a 30-tooa-h mowi-n's. It w;uo foototool nrtvilt I totsOxh-ioo nom choriooq,oi;:oo an 3 #)hIa, Or t1ocue 

aikoal'istti. too :111ioilteo zino' in ~ou ttna", %'o.jiptwai itos .OntvoiIv It ,4.tltsltoh g)I.Lws. %ho" ~n,.o'A4o.i# oit aInk. 

i):Itx'r. -1 thazt tIra mo':sli~ono imtotlol vart1 ,to v. If Ith los' e soso all toil s :t buosni' with muttil hio-r'; ofl rs'oltoee' 

23w io :tilqk o is- larr51' OOO for 6S iOlIvlO Irt l I lt 1111' Itoo 0l't .o iotosto otost:si w biah ha.1 1 too1 rorltrol %V 'It thLe 

Irn'-..n' oo-toa4. tfluo rott ri a~ oo'i11. f-11-1o ier Ns Io, ttto. imm-r osoloe. Ito Izzlt'r ;oro'zriaotiion, a loetto the 

roonS sit '.orfaoi. and. tIw ro:tot to 04 tu.'Ii~l t Z~i.?i tW nl':lot w0 l0iad gimot mumoll ooo'toly it) r00100t)&tt15,m 1 the 

gtussL- .0 to zoro'ogro ooioo-,. t 'mi'l tooio hootr utu' o-Imioratit~lt itoto. twit lsifmoo' towolL phiv.o itooch msomwt 

10.01 t ia'0o,:ior 'iooo o'loloov *so 001 1114. 'I'hoo. oooott'st'. il the' tt:toli-n %r.-o.44 iwrtI tnin-fre'r'ol 

ooy.to' Io ''tI iT1104 .mr~s. . 1j-ij lif ai" zbow. 1 lot sslla',. tooto, sla its -titoI iii oial:lk 1.., woool lt''the s' eli-4.ilbeo 

Ct N I D FNTI

,eon. Water was. aci".. dinllwiorc (notes It riisass4 wit I l4-11o a eat 11mil swi 0 fillipuoff .4'ifiil.ih~ 'A'o was' gnssmeds 

adst oia'cs'59's'k ini the -514-m. lot k4evro vinrrfisvrnshc isl'l terooKli' flp ofk it( #hr' MiA. fla joinut II-;i ilnade 

otoiaciia aw Isem te jrmwil the s.'mosvali .4 lthe 6 Lit ranri fight by a asilalaci' 4bsqqwr. Ihaseesgit whiearl ali os'edin' 

ee 41k t elr ithoutwe -AMwAtws'Iui. It the, wusvr its aelebee a ,.eeaiewr flivi.' "eo.1zi too iso a4T Pffm t 'tar"Ms 

rapsevli. sh' cw ywssi retort tpri Pr anal noelrh.. Pustilli. Pier Igsima wast #I*-"s Mmle'fl. "lt h.s'tt locatinsg 

firlej Iaimirimomai i' lifste. 

Tee pss'i-'sst lowi.. 49f e'urfisnyl it teleia pns''n ..Sngr, 

tile. %,Vsrooofaimaseioe the rurlooon % . mid~ tie. imtostnfler 

.4l fill- wate'r was' 4e.rapewate~il lex fhie iii1Tf.resnr in 

anoaosi lo~ eeeas'l tie' efheer. a roIMix riomeiclssser. rion,,iosf- pn's'.'ssn'. 11ivate~n.r watos' taei~nwl is, a chilk-4i re'. 

ilas offs will- 1isl1.' lilicil with Iii11111uP 'i hiilf uts . Islisi Iplart I itwivhreU Ab. ,iarlsonor O&As' noto the 

oruntnhs ildtiwi. was' o aslncietl tio the 1411 offthe'... ill. anti Ineesp. 

floor vi"IlmerJr. mlserr pop~e ooptsew .te~r the' warw Wa form, Oboes' pmmiprevl for, a dla 

froion 111i, was', "Wgaislasqovo hoy a. wate'ressmol'si rosmeicn- as'esriizer woo' iopivrtellin st 1whe H s si i 114 atiolt ruroow e 

ofcr. liiiA 1 owee'5v5is5 4-'lw-. after rpoi~isillatiiss tiarssiods oodohlinvel wis'awc tha.' uniths, off fll- larg* fll%-se inosertt'l in 

an iwiiteniysnlflitaix csgle it-nor Wa,. e vo lotiil etin as' the. flms.k. This' wao' islehae hofey s fwjile fitr e 

44Tce1-piVi : ,.sVIv~t tier 1111eItIeIcII-111a13sn, itatnhairide~ nit too hlll1hlL) C nuhle. the trraeoie' was' ke~pt at a few 

was' tss'h rtha..r. .Aheoeet 83 too !WF', .( flu- elhlvsom pa A n iliiim-lqts oel nooe-minr- sal Ihf- iao~e.141' the [u rge 

eslhel by's'isc'as %teaml~fl dihjillatais'i. lis this' onsist. 

ntor it tss'all Is.' rorraveisI lvitr. Iseit rust. dry. wiwle't h - 

defestamsseaituss'. 1W oeweratkvulng lir deilsintion' rate' 

wab veqooses'aitr shmaw. alafaat 2M1 It hr. seinre. rnslydi'up lo" t 

' -Z 

apydr,~i' s-iown in llKItl5 3. woo~s Pslifele4. Wa~te'r was' 

hatsnk'a an 1wfile s'tk at the right. f1 'qie . frich e vone low 

Z.L. 

j.'') 

L .Jzl.did 

orther his'tihhatigesn was' esmltioutoas'ly intruiveatrsrs toy a 

s's'-er s's~m cei its'sicc r m the reveter flasek. which, wass 

reptsi;,ps'e wijth' a iaisweridfa setirs's' as' the sutaso was' 

selirky. asacilii.' rarlefinyi was' riuei'st-ovsl in the RLwask 

e a 

6M 

.~anse'ia.s~sss.s'%w s 

a"y.iFrw12It VWIesr -i 

at ther left, whiclh wass cssusles in rratketi ire'. 11 lae ISsk talhe. n-as' s'sN14lc41ley a .isttAre 4it water. Tle receiver 

at the v%1 i i r Wet was' flood tip vsmflc'nvor anly car- titilpsqche the ,wea wvoas oAild in rrackrol i-c and s'csved 

binymvt aplw that (4c pest the main mantlenoeing Omask. n s' raIns. toj cesllert any caalotonyl that pn~es'd the main 

ruse See.'ar1l. M( gofsit ablimcd ciarixan I was 

Dar~o .,a SrU~a:noc silerteti froan one lfsA toy this' procewt 

TMw aseabhinasil naubishoehnsn rarbionyl ine parewer-d 

T7w mogybehenI'tsm rarlitionil. which crrined 35 to in gi s'to.itiospcrsil leotittens'locatd with partiffin wax to 

40% water after thesetrim listaisshsltoa ile part, c,.'hsaitt all ,nitoitsuc. The tr ps-sisiat is' appasrently not 

fually and ctinsphefely ditiri, befotre' it eflotsicI In ser, ito in 

the pltaing exporrimentesirsrilecsl in Ao 

ss'neiliite to lighat. lst it is tortlsiably wsell to keep it 

t eiionm21.& The 

elfert .4 Atier oan the s'osabiiiv sto the rarhitinyl is not 

P-lisrcsh away nv tfif''sest ouanhzirit. 

gnis-t, Irtat ttse we't manes fornolk'cti Iersra ol~a itirky "aITV 

difiirslt lei handtle. Afite'r rimm~idelrablle ~-xjotunnwtnta- 'sas:sss 1 taýU: so~ 

tifon, tarthie r ewing pin nesshiee grave a cimespletelyh 'I'Ti.. Io-n joerl i.'s.4 ssaonifintraiermni Isc\:v'nrbtfnyI thisa 

city portiselif with s-irleaall no lies', was'iltevimesiv, 

the sapparratiis' ,.htesn in Figime 4. 

easisi pwa-~rt-i may h~e .si~mieiraiwcI ;ss filefin as: 

2e4)iala Mc&I 

'Tug' fla.sk i-volitasising lt.' nuceimI sarivinyl wras in- %14tisthois~r s-vsgiat 21i4 

tefi'rti'i tc .is~in ca nrIt s iesl . thee water'. It o5~no thi-n Whiite crsiatlslisar W..si.I 

piarsil in ans eletrcallyrsitvIa:lv-il in-r'n eaill siss' s'lu"s'i $S..iver* gravity A5 25 C': I ±M5 

CON FIFNTI %

On lwhmtng int ar~at I t, paam.alL,#iu fmqpaaa a, :gM ttam .%Nr N RAIVi.iu.a 

211a411 1II) C wifllaa81u 11"441tig. Saialimitav at a'? ~ , ~ . 

lemlrtaau"tta with aili-laraanpoaaitjajApmrilao lo ho owls ralrim 

Vaoo paw i qtr'u of 2S V: ~almott 03.1 nim 11C. rmad Imirmuaam ,uaouajl Im firproorwo jwuuA obawa13gd 

wrigtht. . Mmb Mork muekiaw to Noaump m*.Emilt&es- 

InAaahiubk. in "Orrv arml mineral mjiukSit twiwla mtita i momrtng~r ntuitheprue- 

Asloik in the pnwwen a.. water aml acil, g ub.p 164 "", w"I i the* nm.4 -aita~oab aed draai~t appratuas 

shuntl 130C. Ianrigua ~nai~v'uawl fcoparifyintmaaaawm 

a.IraaeWj lm~m~Au,,~l~uiaam in the 1m.... sac the. proolaum. Sauar. hoots, erqrriawelat urn the 

mma Ua41wtke1atuus, moo ai4,ma,,paaa pmompoo 

UAIIIla ltw k a so ,w th# tarjab jl,.4T@I f anj'tla~rnaaril 6r. "ravna owl atO toU ovn houp im moiftrhuutyI. 

T1ia ono.e. h;gIlmv vaaatie. litillial lie ImAmsr-u Apporit hao, h o .,im anl mvWu aril i'. the 

orarlskylo tof into. anal uaarkAl aro- extrrnt-ngi autavi' Imiwuhal-laan to4 enfoyuti.'a comfoommi irn lnola .43 to 

pauaoau.Mau 14%irah.mum ha ulmmyl i iaatq III Ill U. S$baiiulai tiwk%-~w al'aolarn m uarthai applicatiamo 

too hP ra4mtir, nvq aanay in lak mm *441tr''aaatemar. fow the pIiasing .4 ullvmalrla. Ia thermal .hlaraampa.. 

hea thi.' salralml aaa'..La a'.aainimat lain. Wooork con thia sitilim ad the vnltaw tor ita cu~asifmm ormerma it, ettpauin 

ii, n-pootai' 1a# lin. in r~nqran,. INot tia.. n,.aulla.,r rninx m'.rau ulculkie l'a.Iinx I" tip pnepaiiatilmo 2ndi Pe3y.. 

Od k~amntiW~nst~. Mp liltat apptulnei,a.~. fiautilinto(u the esarloom%1 @a a wuilmAra~ wai.r Ph-uul 

ltat A1 in. 11111 in IN- lweat-m 4.:tle id atour knaan% la'afge, 

it absaui moot Ioo hanolloaaI sithaaut glaatmoa. fIliviay i.' 

p"'swml as mhaw dlitkindu'. 

aIX41 to$ lie. opo'itt'.t~ 

althmigah thai mayv 

aiwxna the. pua1a4Puu ti.k a4ifla'nntiti,. if hanahtcql alve 

an m eitrtkl prnAwt. Ii...milotlamner~ is, uunalaalta'.Il ,r 

P~migummoitu adwaflaaaI lut aat I the sn~aau." natoll lo-fiwi 

dwoom, am fto imuslw It be bms, mywgaeim tbot an 

3 V 'POiH.Phlit.W PLATINC OF* 

Pinter maium ulanalnail *~a vilin' 3maaata n unn ta ifis', N 

taken. with rrope..t tau tir vaiovois n'ngza-nts anal pial4 Vapuw-phooae platinx -.4 mdweMam~ 6 the prtawtv 

inraalm~l in the. orimirtaaiar it( nug,0miw tuam arqlaurr. whaea'rtv maa4olx~.vii to aleptiuaited aim a hail 

cuaburto.arfa..al Ivv 'the l ttnml frmoompoiauimo a lybdemwn 

Fec -RK ow 4. r~v~i irit~op mm -4 

. . .. . . . . . .. . . 

4in nl m 4 mJY ,L-oml ý0 4,0 13 in mi IT 

CONFIIWNTI %L 

I~w A 4 2-

CASOM 

M55M 

itorn-os' in pmrii.,il pnramin* fl4 tIm lite fl r. 

alistife #x( wamtcm lte fill. pmlating j;as as Ia'ne4. 

rail in snae' ea'e-* all is lemrlded c lma., ~ter. In 'atwi'. to 

aiodl water. fte tme. im~irvoalgen of( thme platiang spin, #a. , a 

rify sAvilala spowillirstive i 11 tIm a m i us ot me .' 

TW Wlcklot 11W w 

* ~aee inimmtae #.( iiet lwiilnogrn toa time e,' mmil rhavoiN.V.. 

A' amswsnm~tie' efimgr~aau o4 tIe 1w n ap 1`4 ' is$ 0'iacawu in 

regur Co Tfosonil 4emlo-,m iaN this o hgmam hlirteaeent 

vmum%4ixflf V lve, cwe v b ar antarkeld with 

A0~nT"T~canemaill i'RG v pmrifiati. ;m~enmalYby tifma,'iemn thnjumlm 

of1111mpcmlleaelitonm. Time. tuienmyai vap..' ill n-leammeql frnom itis 

dilammeter at a rinmeatcmma rote. wlmid-h is dele~t'nninvid ho 

fime. tepomilntimsn. ci fime th ' haammmus' anti byv the nate .4 

lhaw fir tie. flr osw wetf hdimia nat. 

lime' 1p1amina drhmbmmler e'esetainxm mnevind fur' auppwrt. 

SIsOA11411,pelowetvil 

hag time sqaierinaen. feaw eire'rtimmg tme' platineg pam to 

mnnip to( thme six-itimmeni if net Kre~~my, andl Aci 

£TN( immiting te ewtmaa.11w aief-ign cf time chuambmer 

'i-Ime-eml4m e fan a. ixand P-aste ,.ian fi t-me 'ae'rime'n Iteo he 

jolated. Wihen a jain liner? tSlctiean 21.3.4 I wass beaing 

plaiccl. it wall l6"U fixted :mncl a A iater-rom" ualxjn eaI 

iinjtediwom~w#4 tniffeanny wilthmin it ame timtt~nohirnrwov 

in cwmevo cmt tniieeof filthe. memucicma frcamlumeltm took place 

At ana pemvint. Tim1P Pletilig rhamiber in thips cWalel ton 

quarsflla tl'uanti - tihc liner. %-is Imcatc't bay high-tn'. 

flpeticry inelat~imn. lnjeretaae stnl liner we're memesnte'd 

vrm~tic'ile. Cla'eanel-uatioeim l' t eiginaaecmsi ple' attae'he't 

iav 

T,.:r 3 nw..Im., far alip, pratasiooms .~4%aa.bt. 

NO' csraMYt. fsuss eISgman 14 ita N~ldt( itlapr A-42'La 

toos time ine'rvnvabllcm the' an-atmecam fte k~ncaw itsm te~mperae. 

ture'. whaich hael lta lie. -0'famll e'amnmtileal. 

l1 rimepanp. whicih is. L-4-d tea nm'tlmeve tie' pruuiamets 

41 tihe' fn-mf sn. nauimatiains, Im'soosw m. clients in the 

caatimiaml anal plamtimng dinammaim'anti nal mibs hc'lps to I 

eamiamanii. A~n aimpar~ttms wits ci'mlespelife %% hen4wi vry~n n-pilmta' the. pin's~ssn in time' imiatinK rhummimer. A 

pain' hyflnmgti at u Ifaw lin'sscmn' stpummsimi cover' rmvssal. !eId.vtomil =11=isia imm,de'al tern rtea time lpn'!m."sme lmehintl the' 

line namailmrueiatainm e'urlmbotil't hldei at a ransttant tenta- injeo'e'tswrcm at time. imlitimig riunmiierm. 71me r'ae'tion 

permuatmme amigitli' aimeve. msanm te'nalwmrtamme' ru'iann' laromblm(ti. awhie'h amn memamcmv'c friant time. chambmer Ir.-. 

nmcitolmsoilenaum e'arimpceid %m:mimm intdit, m eiee'tric Immrn.'ae~ lifimuapismg. an'- i',lc'ta'd isa a Hliagiie air trnp, whimich is 

c'mmntaiaimang the. astjerat top Ib' platfed mmiie'imha hemsIr"e ill .eftiamiae' 

iiimifanmal v imcatecl too a immlemic'enaisme'ml ti-tomp'. .ttiure. 

I.A in Figiirn II. 

Time. c'rlmesn nmcnmeside icfearmmel byi tme. rneitimvea is te 

"Itaevic lay palmempunga:t 11i.me cdoI 14 ale ii la 16. irs., e'la:mcmiiwr. 

1,:611 jugnayi Ile' c'arrieil taai Nc time' :lmwc'ne' tif lawatra 

"' it'olwrttic% of .Nloii bdcmmn Ra~cte~s 

Ken: Iaeiov vee'. time'rc'ar iflll-aartiat advalinmizgu.,m in fie. kaeoe's 

sm'e#o this Wiii g wIftirm plIatimsut :I-:%s drimamsiillt set 4a 'lime' limrslariesm c4 mmaa imidimlewmsmmmti plate., tmd e'amlmre, 

time' lmd:minc grads. I Jceatifimg imm mdry i It.yra agnam lvd-fcmn' platt- 4lecamlt camm 04- p.' ait ima rmiasalit imama. Viie'ffe'ets veal .:ry 

ing rCm.1 lam' e'T4flctive' isa n'mmaca6imag medcle. 61111m. frmmml time' ums tha' piaci~lmirv were cItitli'ml lay* mtaamms of ters# 

.mam (uxe'e fta lam' plmltaal. As a p"m-I it mmm'mmt m I lie' plalut ing 'k-ta'iuia, inw fil~y mfter thin plal~tes "very fotmmam tta havie 

pm' ivaramge' illvmena'" thle' 1141W ai cumrtamsml- with I. le',is'il dc Ptntlirt im,m %is time prmamvelmsmc' tuimee tsar pm.'.. 

CONFIDI"NTIAI.

.o-'11N .4 fi .1N;xV% .1"1" 

%N 

Sam 

P . S 

7,1325 tiIlvwwtum dpuu. es. 1 bqplig. dt.hn. .n aII43pi 1A -tt 

oral a1WifrtuiV p. plate1teeleititt BWt pnulwm' ta reapendsl im th fastr u do Pwe 

an a rnmAnkratiem of tin' pnqwrtse U( a rooting oriWe.~cmine the roosrnp of the ,,ertwndar reactiosm whem 

phmotlitpsm.slM on a amtaal It'y the thertmal ik'romunspii the owstislilriium is' Paiftad. 

tins ofa carluwonl. olixtinletion nows lap made Ix-wtwrva 

the prureires of the roatintl itw~ir and the najture i( 

Plating experirnens in which earhamyf vapor was 

tlke only ps' admittedl to the plating chamber showetd 

the metal-to-pater lund. aup 'ith any other reviling. hiur the runirospition of( the plate that wabS deposited 

In this' sqetijionlay the formner ar-on. cielm~ss l. ilsey ons an iron ulixk varied %ith the temnperature of the 

heluIl: tepreinie anti the premut,,? of the taila mqjamdetitl 

(liemairal ruminpousatiua andi erratal ositntumre u( the town the dlreumpoeitioa of the mob elseam" carbonyl. 

Plate; 7wthermultss are summarized in Thable 1. 71e nattore 

e..Lo crymtal An. ans psyfermorien ftaition., if ainy; of the plate,. wasa sdeteminctl frum x-mra ditfrnetiod 

Haadmeu; paltfern olmained from the plated miarfa. Bloth car- 

Merelan" al uTwnh; 

Temiture, if plate is' norimutrnpie. TAOL8 1. NaSM4(PMMdpi M malYtisea 

(71t1LmIAL ('oomOLMON ornq Fx KP-T 

p- la w 

Hig tro 

The tisaninant reartisal PrsIortss fssrmes ley the != tr(ln,*e6-iv m iommncitte 9S 

siewatispo.4tiiss of msel ytalenusn rarlum yI aren;4 01i~'. 

denunIU Cansieasia n1isinsiuisle. .".A -AWostae i Sk 

twat 21.LZ2 hthen- an' s'es~meldss nmssti.sns.,hich1 may 

2(W-300 

311-400 

IOatG- 4wtuJ 

WO-Ow 

us. ur~~ 

('tIhe reer.hak 

N t'4.tefflem 

Mt"slststcimam 

0~ir srurlAsi 

Cmur ra,4i.I 

Catsir earbibd 

Itesemaln rurtissla 

take jIbsi tklpsnsii'i 11n the ts4:1ti1119 ',li Thii.ie - - -5 

rarl.0in ntquss'u.is ,nut thimiwitpow~e ltsssti si4-drarlmn tinsd ,. J~&~ 

radus iimo .I' 'ft.w enetiso nmay n-set with the met.- t,. -,--i 

CONFIDE~iNTIAL

leWkA i:A tiH' fomnoed-I M44.-'. It ws~e tue-r'elw~ryli te Ofee t:x'' 

tsrnie e'elaet en'tirne ths erquaity oeCthre 

ief'te'noine' fix IN enilpir,.tl fonreeelar in ti( eie'e mme' lefe pla~tt Iee-inseu torn fall 0N. 

eutalier e':rivie If v tl, .,''cajl i ana:l vmw,., feet this rad ei-el I lydlneoffe ,elae'ee1'a- 11irfe.roeatioet *c( 'eerl"rnf 

if(s M ll-de',ee4111 tiad Islet prxn'iiese. vlw'Isen ,.'gsorivil nione .4Te'e'tive'IY than tiew.- lo~.lneirn. sitlohw telfirnnq'- 

RawlY.. eeC adhp e '.eir er imm~e.ssane 16 thw in all riseesm hwswm We the .clm 4w e thes plate' asset fir siuniify 

,Ahw-n. nnv* Ma~te -it all is lepc~eel tim- r-.rleeem eitolm- ofl Hire lI nil otiffieir gnrntil.. All teres -I hydrnlreg 

oxojrlr ente'rs juite 11". n'af'tionn tern siffmexe' ~ nt ;that tsl. Poulhd~e outsel lot-e' jp Imoe rn.' e'au'tllir -;( (t fl te fippem. 

Oil pi.4e's 4irry 'tith.'r smmor e'aril~i-of oel ' irnrnnelt-l'emen rate.. lit-frne' a Pm'~tiwnotit et Irnv'lneg :j recmie'til-u, iel the 

or fiedure irnti'vstitiaiern .~rue ls ~.ilewitl as. euach' in 11w- nieftil maeerlan. At lie ofmietaNee e hytirogre' 

Platte. 

ceesilimiler (Iet-se.,i~n'se of iti;-41.61ME1 risn) tie piclteis 

Th eiiin fIY4W ols-paiww nnl fornw-d arr si umleeeels-tionst ntmm.'tL %V6,% Shies gw ne. 

800610te in Metiltecirneg frijelk' rorstiog4 its fill timet'ee~~t. with rieslelee int Inns' euviet'. gelate's ofl neeoylemlireotim loeaffe, 

a re'-eltacnt tenl toe te 'in'iiltlee re the NOWge. 1M.* set i.ze'te forrorr. Tliie'seaplwtim tee let' ai1114'flt, lmiet 

aeleit imo of ly!mve'e. ite tel'. icil afer ejl ite ltivee' flit' mra. ztn'* eeC e'eeeene. very ,off. Muodluish-toini efmilijele in 

feem n le'.~t't .4f Ihe,' plate' tne'.Ihe' net i's eef hveclrenwei naeteart i~lee :eeeeg o 10 e'et I.- nalturai gr'.epleite. 

tee rrlerneoltomeeeeiete is o e' 'vs'. 61. Nis sjne inT.'l'hle'- '17h .elelition if e e irn iseht,, rxrv'.- ioxywge ti pure 

2. TIM. 0-'eeli'tfl'y .1114 the tezeNra(ea felit-e pl~atirnn frarliems lv in tiet e'wrn'e't pre'ueperti--m- " nselfs in a ;hin, 

4'haacit'r have' uu t-en 044l'zt in, thi e'eje'i lorittli', afillere'nt plate ofelimayeelf-rlme'en oxiNI, N140). 

711mi'k eh-le'selifst $of thie. "Itre .'aeenes Ifs' proile d, for 

T~ace.K 2. t'lse1iiee 'e.Im..ee Att' tf seeI~'t.'twe'q'e lin' arntestito eeleir preeelerne a rneenailhit-trut rooting. 

-- __________ - - PHYSlICrnniAL C11.1,11IA4-M1' 0"4t.ne' Or T19I'LIT 

fe'wmitfetouw W() tt1tacumil t'tb einAwb 1. Cirpee votlrnAsit Oriefuiiiasiest. Wlu'ti aky 4 i'ergm a 

425 

4W 

0.123 

0.1111) 

t).J.1 mum2 

o.tm 

6A.0.14 

OtA" 

fui. 

('etroeu~i&t i 

~ ceee 

allu o ew it euleaeaims" hert'.e'e PLae OWA metal, the 

plate co ietseee eof an itnterlocking nuee.w of oriented 

molvte leiitunt e'e'eftele. TMw. exae't m-myltllographise 

At ig tmi-ruvirsant a hghpre~i" f( 

At ightea~'rt~eweean' atl~ith fl'eurewseel 

orentntmaieo ore'tew itsr v'arye with the c'hemfical clhar. 

arteyjeetee's eof the pulate anul with thee plating .'ondi. 

treimoililu e'urteem Celenoitelta find eel hytlr'enp'. the mi%- timest. In ge'nee'al thle weevtr tilk- plate, the larger and 

ture eelW 'atlr anti mol.vnldwla'nrn curbiele feent nes mre lerillianot am. file e'iye4:LA. Fi~nire To shows !he 

ant unattta hevel. v'rr" fine, jxeeaek'rv ia.%er in fihe e'heam. 

lserde tcit dlereveralp itlon of) nes1 Oxeylelornm e'ae'lxmeM 

in the Mas plrawe. Thiee temisrcl'ze.tsm ian tupper limiit toi 

lurge, brilliant 'rvesetahee Iptt',il ofl a suit plate. no. 

pirferred elirnection of rnyltal growth appears to be. 

in nearly all e'a.'e's, narntal 14 the -toraeran of deposeition. 

plating rates Itl' a moeitu)ld' a'ljastror-'t of reneliticens 'l'Iiic 6c portie'tlarly Itom when platte.. of considerable 

almost an' nuxtetrr, froml IMOO1 nicctalli' neolyletlentsm thie'kureot .'am ormiseti Ile tendlenc'ytowarils coluemnar 

tee 100% hlexagounal 11t'lvtuelinentif e'arhiqlfe ran lee istmecernra, illernetraffte in Figmmr 8, i, Tess in plates with 

produced. very mnall indiividernul cry-tals, uhich can apparently 

If the hydrogen ise mix"Ie with water vapor lx-fu'(oe 

beeing p112-4 into the sysftoi, loewer e'arl'bm reiernte'ns 

niy lee oletecinedl where' thee i6 either conesidernblif 

ifltireeetitiael ('Zirisort best no rarbeide, or in those plates 

eel the- Plate' caen Ilee olelcin(el, andi flth plating rate eeeotuein~ng Io rnolechIsienitm imetal lent only carbide 

grceatly inrreamied. This4 e'fteet c~annoe lx- olet:irmi lo ha' i)ust exe'a'ss frarbemn. 

admitting molect air into, the ssytem, aet exielatiem IfoanIteesa. Thee leartnln." ofl the nwlyitle'nurn plates 

take's plae'e at oeme. anti the plaite' efeems~tet leogrela' ee incrseaus" ithlte l~eurbson content, whether it is pres. 

eeneedlwe'n-t molvlede'nenom oxie', ent asi carbide er :1. int'er-titial .'arleeen. Brittleness of 

Varim ous telificat jeets to( thle "nrmial" platt ing pro.- the hael,'r pla~t"., on the utheer hand, inere'aees %vith 

e'eeherse, i.e., .eeolvhzdenoin e':rarsenrl vaxPerize'l its a 

stmr re el'Y 4 firv %e%'.t 6l ruevelro a we''rim'l. rm i'm' e'lTri-t 

are ine rc'ae in thle prupeertion ofE carbide. When a 

lezril, baet not leit tle, plate, iLs olv-ir'.l thm'nforse, pelateel 

addiingl e:rasrne loo eaio . Ite tlee plat ing r,%% tie 41- insireece lit iees l.useolel lee se!Ci thaet 4-arlsoen is le'esuited 

cn'a's' tlee' fferoeeiflo ieet vae~rlifen Icy , hOiftimee tile' e'qeei- mnteineIit jallY ,end isletze.usrarlelele. Wieen geeo mirletle is 

Iili, eemo 20) 'I C + CO'T . .'s''ee te) lsr Ve'ry srnnjzll ime''e'el~t.I e IIfeer lst n ine'en'es %it hi lf ert'reaig fli vIyst al 

CON V DF MIA 1

Toms 3 ItaaaIae-4 wa Pait no.M~.5aqaam ;alolmaaa dlit~atq'vl rarhi's takesa gilwv in a e rfolse with the 

Atis(5 in s'aptiulanus.i tolmim, p6earo Wist. 041""1ra kw midnonoling 

tit hiL+ tringrrntsurms in wil hyadrs sam 

011 Iwhattaeoou rureimsi 1d1tMl X.atew Annsaaiuling at hith Irmperutnfis in #ey fidog 

20 

4m0 

140 

ta 

to 

V 

. 

13 

csr -win "I 

V~ala 

IAvw at-600or 

nAm.a rJshena maJaatb lenesm plate. A plate itith high 

mrlisile aaanteut. htwe-ver. im nallst effmtei-vey mu(t. 

U41s an gone with. law koe rlassls. rcntal . It ins rwa..lflo 

411 1 *w Verv.4 s"3 tnyAmu at OWNS (* and Slim. gioag the plialin.a 

high-lempertn I ieatnneall. 

4751 Mu3 ... A-. isfgrtJ~ 

4751 0~ No After Iloo, at 7 

... ... After kr mommrti 

At 7310 

C' miI 

11sea. no thue. in Talus. 3. as well no with inis"wmpaing, C. 

ruirludif rsantent. T1iaey ,e'IfliNm toie I'noi aliiiilil thiat the 

pwrwemor 4 inictatitialmorslown itsh rtim-m e eelpftenh the 

innafi mrvstal oisr ando thfe, hisnlneoas. 

I 

~ ~ %( 

momm is water romtroof 14AboF0M theh 

i 

Imininem, monsaisleratlfl tirniis.. life mrimoote esntent ad 

the, plate 6~ 1ilaairt'd. nthe p"-'mae. .ini -moll anmerintaa 

* 

Of watersin the pmllosina"t aImorsvIOUCa laifto 11M. it.. 

Artioem loar the Isannattiamn tof eitrton frvmi rtritins moon. 

usiole in the slirs'etiac ee4 she 61ler. Ifi-mvivnl ad pn.. V F~atA t a.wortientoulaliaf mumwvqem of -S 

irb4,iv.IAseI meau,,.r na ewifilm. ow.tu.) irvolow is 

l'ate-to.-IetaI Band 

1tore A nistresttt 4 fl te m" larltaetses mtotal and plate 

ine roegwrnfllv inilart:-lt iii the comae u( Olive py-roltic 

1161o,-tim th cletriaia'its, .4 epfn-A.4 u the metals 

5 .5ssrs' Xa 'isa 10 ":l~ i t-a r leh 1 -t . 

aa'n ir :an ii 14` at ar-4.sat :Hiaalt fareaas.-. shws" c emaa 

91Ii" M44staniv:a itewi lanada 55helfmla 4vc m art- asn .e 

Faa, s . 9.~a~aav.traslaadra.45...,aa~a5aaa Ma~tit. torfan-mt lm' aiets.a.~aa Iae th ". lit's uta 

.iý 1 * . . 2 f 5 i l 

I I l io, . p ai 1 1 n'11 4 ý aI -r a i -v a . t a s a : aleml i ld i t s i x v i a l e aa e l e Y p r o . 

CI)NFlI)DNTI %L

T%9Wtlft.Pttr P f.YTI1C OW VssL**RrW w 12 

- ~ ~ 

usced. Wet tile Ice-I M0lcelnI nwt'tal;N tiprAtr4 tit Is* the 

Mktt of the -ticrfaree fte Ic streacm of hwerde~n imwf on 

A etitantiit:tiv.*i-lsetlC te'..t nilt a prei-Wefri A,i.'tty 

g tielxtv aetis:.tec Ily a3 ielliinoiI %leiglct iteacrli~est to a 

at higch tenpe'rawtn' int fhe. plnat ja riu'm"Iive 1*cdem i.'in amn leryllewl this 0e04, am#ntS c tirrang"t'I thait !he 

pasilng in the p-ittinK =to. lmt A1lsyvz..uawe~1wuthisp aahu4de O wmimer. woo. ala 

delenwile primanril on the etase ofl mfItileir'tl if the tile "Itnirn'h ofl tile pilate' ie-rIminolieielar tei tile Imond 

oxttiee relaeting. 711110:1141 vii ,.te'.e! atine cte.ilite. rrelin. Qwte-t pslate a,. ,.h-wn bey ems.'LinK tc'.t i ito lie 00,(W 

hengre ek-euniiig tin" r', tne higher tic-nierrtiteeme than p4~; of the Iconch. -5409)~ p:4;;m tthe itne harirle-ewel tand 

do pirre irotnen or oppe'r. In Puente euae it litni-onec Iwat-irtre~eii ,.teq ring. 87,09) po.. 

nefT~csary Its hftit the AMtre4 arfatrtit' to tinsfitlvrtclr 

whiah are tairnece the tranboet son poeeeu fo preewimceis. th*4 

anr long enotiph itsr rhtingeth 11W Anw-er'turrneS pnq-' f 

or MAT, TPIF-% xi. 

ties, iel an inderlering 6 ' y'r eel nienteccahcle tlei.kneomae In the r-e.,mte of thewc'e~r.et it win,. shown 

tulie. miaking it rneAswoialy tII heut-trw'nt flhe artile. theat lie-n trr~et~ng sobrehlpe'wi.nt tee pitetiel isitin-.4 the 

tafter plaiting. Sltdiite s'itrfflfl 3w-iS t4 Ise h14'tte~l to 1111114. al' t-vileitae'il 5ev ltell seer~e~l lpidlihg ,.he)%n in 

tUNS-i iM~ C tow .1j hr fowri.emtpliee' eieecielatitine. Fipiurt' 9. The' dhanwa-tie' t the- lee l wue %%ne uppatrel-ntiy in 

eiire'r ratior tee the k'ngttrn eeC tiniw of the- c.Ilesmieelnt 

ThW eX-c0t Peue-eelun ter giVe tan allf"Illtwte 11111 n -S intr-fst la-tatl lre~t ltia nre hemietgctpyride',t- o i'ncr 

t 

vetives, a pn'iriintimtry e-Ite'ninet oepe-rtatiocea foloml ea-. hey iurthe-rnt'n the- etirar-.teuntl~ietpetertofe Asm ad(itfuhydrettirn 

ruitiefignt tifter wh~irefilte 1 ,heting ice lttrte'eS 

at an iower limit still fa~irly high I temtplerattilrrand tat a 

migprn %. yer -PC tile' i-adpidee at thee iecsood interfarc". its 

irnolitrnvweieni carbidte' is krnoewn tier liee brittle, this 

low rate.('Conditionsteelw''hoemn tirvtajtiethihent.'m weasmie jemeameris foi the faeitmse. Th6e thimmpe Sayer iss 

Weall cataa 4~ the artise'he toole a-Ipamel ama- their tibia fer~neIw Owen the 0.'~' tot which tin artie-!r ite put 

pU1W~fl~ teeiiljcertc it tirn ceimaher roinehitieme. It hite never 4v~oss-i 

tip in pheiteeemptincraphim take-n eel si-imetnse~ in the 

in. the- nt43enheli fe-IfltWatiite thattt pl~ate'to-f~e'eI 

ta uetere tie save the timse mail ex~pe~nse re'eciml fewt hescinh3el va afpir cettati, andnelooi~~t U.A C is the saeu~ 

flail '11We testes eof the oftrie'tth eel the- pitefal-1et..etceti Itlttiflhill C.'e an plie-e. - lit-SoneS. 

hownl, urtlfl3.tc heimelttlry trotoe wept' deh iereSeie, A 

ve'ry poor binile rail-c bry .tihlinet Oawn e-eiil. thatits jee 

searausting Creem liwietek1;ii-rlinie rn.*tni in flnke- tno tile 

Ohrny yte Sit raeoir- or rIMe 110,%, 

n'-eqtt de the sfmtine. eel tip 4,n me-m.ing toner tcoeu teml- .Atti'mptell "en" mttle. fte ini;rtive lthe bw~ied 1)' atiter 

tie'rntllt. iNeiewistlllt ititaeti.cnphteteenl= 

tiineme ftail when the ri-tile' jei elihiadti lu-nt owt grtOtt 

ins thee -iiifiei' l~i','r eef to Im-terl trie-e. arnde also bcy 

:epeptina rclrtrilpfl:.t- oel variele, vii-ttill to the ,ctrel 

hamilemm 'i. Faitiiiirn' i.alily takes, pitee', firset nt it -burp ter ,.t.-iitemierf:,e Ine-feeer the Ayel~ytir pLitintii. Doe. 

C4P.ratierieezinx 

A' frof W814 teelereiecel eps'e-itilir fetw use'e on e 

an c-te'e .ierfte te tie is d- 5 ,tiice .5)( nub.. 

-i. itim-r with ter nithiesit mesetp'e-gie-it ttitridinig. lete' no 

mno-e ptr-pure-e few ipin leaiyel lute-r. leit thi,. te'.t rienjr e-tfie-t. h-ecr AleuigseIA St)eTielell511 1t11 rI-Oexa-r. 

31 in. in inise4k daeliciter? asset % ill. lteeig. will huknees pIclel, ,14.l em 4-01:1lt. pileS Itoi tiekik. c-fcrmciietiuliea 

aind groo~v".e% tin file a inr s'iorface, Wt3.e-rno 4--e'iS in :I recisac it pL~titicn hrigh5t cimii ickel. elliS p lihic iiin on 

ercmfluir17.i om-I *ftl te Irt init einatthiiie'. It was' pe-44t. toe ce n telt . did ti. it jiim)ticl' the re'. mi'. e thi of el e I etil to 

plate eeis-h rnpg' thalett fie- IMPitee WIIIelel "ithlctanid 211 heitd tn-tii flest :ei NI f'. 

prer mrin tee .10 Tier re-nt eel ax~ial icitpeln.cice %%it 64"acl lc'1Cg" ilt-tst i41i.iii~-t it-'me iil bYtt 

fNilinre. A.- tile- illir-.igeItiece prittgrt-c'.e. 11i:t1c" tha ic1 ecci ee t~-Ih:ctf CO 11.1134 eucIt -te .5 i4t.1 cn 

vmi hld wit 5eth:cei. 211 tser rent axia v~lc:c'7iic miilc ii %wicieh hi::l prn-vicitIY5 Sweetti-i i Sdo %idt Si toklir Iuish 

Im rc ..igidn ilY iti-atltel.. andie ceri ertivic's. I~vlttnicfl is.% piiat iliil cell eie'ei.Iliuever, thce-ittic:Iiit 

te--c1in~eiii-, 3 heti fiel..4'. li 

te'tgliillse'iet. 

flen it t~l cli-'t.ll tee i,, 41lcelt ccc to.1t .I111-c'INei- 1%I. cim(l rw~ie't t O~Iwn H 114i le1 

~enclv ip~l'hthms. It uitac Im' cicte'c 

CONFIDENTIsAL 

Sa

430 f. Ivt %4: 4 or 44i sto.,vi vIW% . ri ve.orr"~. %%n rtatoilwl v 

1w.. at -.. tUJ...h.1% .. .I agumAIt.l t1wi61-1 o4-4 n"It. TI.. itq.v... luIt.. a ,J 274..? n.-I a if Noiituh paitlN4 

.. rrw~~mnq4 TI.s. " h~ .. m.h.uw. *01 sI 411#u.uu Cafwr t; 1.6# inse au m a. ii..-* .,u,.Iil 12 Iu*f wit, 

Otork nrit...iui in v'i-r1 wvv-Pr .~i4a i4loWt .. o w 1 plair. O'lgitaxi.t6 M I I Fivgeo 12 is MIlC l(pOm A.1421.1 

that it is diflumvidl fit filoal'4.spjn Ni 

mat Ourma a Plisp.. Nom 40Iher R-40 

artaifl Awtnqmlatmim riuli.by. noit a wnri. too Ive aimait ý$ pew cru l $Athe 

f'r this..Iiffl"01hy im mh.P Pa...~iIbk. Sih 8PMP1 pmmmpihitPfi* ~wvt. 

aptliunt. (hIn ot4elits. ..itrfanwa. an undmlmwat oif Ari- Ilili l otitpli..lungmIt( ilk Iimw-r loo tnder snaw 

tn~llotmivi ni-kdi gave inilomwrinomt in n-i..tnior tern a (till ' runtnilliled alt s. a ,.ativilartur *r Purfat, 

firt tnviutnen at WIN) C, ltmil failied after twitting five five pLitling. Tliirn trhinii primeima was. fmAllucd by 

I main at 1. K10 C. perliminary nqiwdteitiw of alwv oitrfar.' in hydvilrgp ; 

pnrelitiinitrs heiiat trenltment in hvrj',to Ir tire~ 

U5 Apploliesion to Gun U1nca that frairrli:,drup was. live lasnt thing incontact 'iith 

live metital lim'fwe plativis; anti the iiplir-ti~u. mto the 

fly far the Kmaruaet armtflht 4t !ner .in-rl 4o liemt firs.t. ow lummdw, lay~er of plate at a loiter rate than for 

c~lwi~mnnotal ploing pragram .afte~r: li Aimaml vientalrn Iii' blam~nnce oft l1w plating. 

had Itra weiwked omit, wasrn '-tuted ti tl~e proololituioo i T . ie erot petrfurruintre given Ivy a mIOwleyl eftm . 

mmdoylvilentimm-pltting shlinrt line". of %#Mc andi oftdlite platedm vitellite litter lirmit in, the rrupioin-eaiting gun 

fur letot~ in calterr .51 gun lam.4a. Miry' Iimwrve wirre 

platril andl 42 were lirrd. nmime in a ralilui-r.60 min-raft 

warn Itiwi ofa rifledl liner with an 8-toil thick. soft-tYpe 

ulaite. t Wet h~druilen was "dtcsIl to the plating gas 

harrel andi miherus in the raibber .30 rr.im~a-errting fti y~wsl this. type mit plate. Tliim liner waitnfird 240 

won. The itv .ti thiwe gu fur tvumt it give liner. is 

ti-.iwniltul in A 

nrinnls At a velocity of ahlaum 3,(W3 fp.., a presAaine Of 

4 eriiiuni Itl.2.2 andl Il~l rpr.petive.'d. 38.21W) psi, tiid a rate of 4 tuo d onitsiml per minute. 

Plating a lornr of it ,wh stmall diimerater irn a cotter hull xialhoiti weri e vivitlMil moloilul-tasie powd-r eonmiirmiit 

jeml t ain in the i'sto 4d a larger one. perily v ti uing 20170 niintrusdvi'c'rin. W~ith tAhIII pu,,%Ilir tinder 

.1mw fti the Igra lte inim'iiianer it( the pr ix Now Iywallsn upnolarsii~att-lY the weitti h~tlervelisilt. riommlitismnit, 

attil ;itrty di ste. it; the diffitifirn m 4n mit isemllinot a "phla. t hie smitso nitixiiiiiiuaee rwe iftornince. umis uvinvul. iis The 

siteg-loail' tir injt-iii that %%ill fuiinti~in in a, snimall larn..t jxrfmrnutitiio fir a MtIMI lItter 11u1414r tOme hvper. 

Itieo'. F~ive the hine..irs I the ninxiemtilm 3m1:tiatt rite Vs.'xiIits .sivildilisaill nesteul aulmi-e %-ns 2:111 rutan46Alsuith 

at mmtili, o-hi'.l aillenrwt'riesilil In- olitasitmkl wits ul..sit Ollt pimumeer. 

I). IXIiitl hir. ( jlihil'it iiier indiciate t hat intrmvo~int Ilk- In tell ma.iAq,. failuire %Aqh iid intie alu~lmL 4I e the pluitte. 

psiimitetna oja%41u wsiemoL.i not inmnra...' tis rute ulmteeu BYs far thair .nu-. tiu~ mswnt mittl .lu( ý la iafti Wiirtrrl at 

CONFIENTIA

V ~I).IIS t IE . %TlI.4 fly "18SI Ht .1111$3 

lite Ltaal 14f1 s uhran. thea giaa.-ahttivjal (ion'~a wert1 lot vote Iil.ii lity elm-* vafiaWr-101.0". prxv are Ino (#Axnn'tfeI. 

At-m asuIten 1.. flt- alpsa n'maiiajii jutt-ir1 liiw, Fimat. .1 a1plte' tofm JIaMI i%. 'taft 4-1iaiaitth Whean 

-liasiesal virtivi ,v flfit, asvoringin, ama';iawalr ecas a ni-maa. obeolaiiasala oa, it ran In-. rithal ley utucarfarviisg anti4 thf" 

f'u artsa thata (tailagna' aasa'rt nqr l %sit-ai' hirpyor4awily "nn lImp harthca.4.l It% lmwaa Imfl'itfla't al ini 5apsornt ofIer 

ramimakliaaSlato a& laen&L lier. outuar foueaaln' adno I asitern Cil Wa ; iaMWa L. ta I ' 4 folmalo that will lisart r% sta 

Issat e16mml~rams-u.. naw it axiiu4,asp poieoalarv onal tha.t awatq.~,ls, Piatnsartiae.rall thinl, a plutsajballilift 

wa,. govlm- '41#1a l baele voal.",A isgalio'ata that himi rmt.' Wdat leas.t ai- land 1le himaisa' -ea flint at pitite at 

failagrl.a 11.v that-14 a* fix-'hmagijal r~aliart fluit a aloo aeiianl la'ait IS anit'I Isiak can lag' delaopasitm'! in a n~rra~mAlale 

aiaatiai.Friata knoawlevigr ad( fsa' chem'aical 1% alinjur litter. 

ad imaalyldeianun ael. Insa'as 1the vie*, 1 riftra. with llatia. 

'hlivermoi s n i 1., ts twts Il.ilft. inll entities. .w tlw 

failgan' ad l ite- ullafs.*O First. list- I fia~i aug a3loswllS liar~ ~ C~ 

0 

thic'knaess few aahlove'rtif plataeo ism'ilt ialt thia'k anioaghm htilaake't nariena' rare salahjaert taopiso-cwla'nion croloiaaa 

top kerp tl- Initial fraait livinga weakenedra 11Y fle, lieat load I.saa III iaaaeliaiiiea Phims-k. Sina1lialle anl hato 

delehaa'I ila. fita Initlial I raaiini~ not bitl as ties- 1`15g n 411i to n.i _aff'frdiaa ark by teall'rgs~snad, #A 

0ti. fotiaionat jam u a alitfisiassa Issver lirign firinic. Se- litta'r. fail. jei giins toodi. Iterataisi of iastur ania'al moliax'kI, 

,*"aI. thg' pIt~ale Ia'il'as tit .a1ait lga'twiaa' the- ptar~aila it wism lismgaa.la naaali v hug' fit phatia naximcut nuiz"la 

awia'aita'al. auwmalsasi, Crv,anla. SAie thea. le'naaai. sha..ta,.ai with maawel v ' nk-nn. 'Iawareml a'apjwvr and s -I teel tatla'aa 

nieaatil aapla-t litsa larkIa to. Ia It la.im-adlar s~aea. 'flit- a'ma'aai aW v~riaiaga alaaignts Wer plateda laW thet IlyailyltW 

lend al ie pa*-dm.a aawinttaaoletl liniar. assal lieara'asadaaaec nwa4ltaal., 

"Iitink" trialt. WVhaain thie least icasas fnin. alssailitia-ajuia .% mfqnail gIt 5kaiate hadutl tip ha' a'eiomel tend 

jaamaiaer ra'aa'h a ateli'tea linrt. nia'ltirif Mtarto at solve' we Wpillt, sinare list. tvaalhas loada tiaiwi'iii arintivs anal hence 

that flakes ad l?4ta'an ir ntalg'raaisaaal mnid ofstarhsval tlhe aplater" 41vvifftwd fair r hvinalria'l glass linern wasaild 

Intentlwisagrfavaa. .Aisatelaelast jloam-dr Icim',aanura-ct ia* gdva' pinfota a it thr ahaseraaol thiirlnemsaa'a. Mating 

Mito flip mlamoreif Paagrfilm ad a ataa'4liinera tao yiehI roialititaalt were' wtprka'aoigt, analthe nozgl"~ thus. 

brittle firtaelaiat.. da-scrilwa'l in (laiapter 12. wvaia'-h arr jalatial satagsui pep, in iamewt na'angs, taoo the luaistrutaia7 

ft'taawa'aI toaga'thar with nigAylvhs.Inggsn plate. 1wy fip testis pirrorhmaid' olestwnlarti. 

inerarlnira'l natios og fix- the itnjatila'. M~ien ainai the flnt bring. ,'hs' pta ath iunmtisia ad a Aninge Wlant is tip 

plate f~ails :1aI f4 ew -favete. Iber artisanl I s.a'anwas aotioni- Ito I I sea' anal the' fl~ame teaimlwarit a' af flth powalr is 

lativa'. The II-ihiasianiaaaiigrailaire a.iaia'ar faor I las' manise 3010P N, t im. noitzla's railsal at flt- inettal-taa-phate lxaiad. 

ad the f ad4 ha' pit~a~~aInmitia senhsa a little *flv, pliate lA%.&% pra'sisliol aiv nail thirk cnattaigh tit pro. 

cla'iean than alais thelide aralaw ad fajlaiorr (aier l1 inte tvat lie tin. tai'rI.iisg eaapf r f(nin e inef t airi r the uinadertaj-satallit' 

hIarntl. -%ing a'ia'a traions livinig hiatrAl almoseg ifti transaitsfin 

Iicell saot tal make ts sillisfasatairy plated im fu ina'r puount ;in as claitiasn lto this eftect, tha' foraiaition oi a 

by 11iauii a t hit'ka'r pl~ate' 11:ia Iwiaast 1§ag4- alithirisgi eta. lar~ttr dIs' aijtgian havar prilaiblhY xigagrara taliming :he 

Otte iiias t hat f lie plat~ing film.s ha'eaiiar ininianiaa~taly haiaanesat-e inaiareI bealt fratnient. TIhe( faighlimiet t ram'.- 

L~argei. 1Ia'ate Iilir w4as th~at flit- rillsing liast its deia.iaitiaan tar ad mnaiol.0m airin is pirsoianvalalrv paith ' vtai blivne. 

'alas., the' plate aras ttiijaka-r thlan 10 mails its o ealilier it nmatch thIicker plaites a'aslla ha' mnail', as lhert-'nt, a 

.50 liner havialE riflingj Mt mails adeep. S'iauer at teni lai genataer ala'gna' ad saae'a aighlites expetrfts. 

%%Ii- giveal lato ftae jett fi~lit stol falt iig a anasoitlg-ismoe 

liner als rifihng it :aftear jil:aIiuag. ll'M6 promaatliiai womila 

1mvp r a~~ai-f a'anl :I -Ptaftr plaite lethrat vm is m gl aea~la"4 t13' 1CllYcaia 

igIl.'ae( 

1W. ha:.rafutnal. Itsbvaaaalmis.Ianai v~a'v;s 4 iaaai - tas pimaiatt' aaalaa na-aaaihla.. gain :aa jaist tr t lii arus %%c". P!:1tCal 

'411-a a1 plata na.ainieefi.ill,*alvafalaii 'Ii,. pataias in ;III va-;sa, C ad 

IIa .aaaallzaa. tit . it may; Ise 1"41114s4f seall thiat th.e ahaa tha la.asfiaii ati ' :aftar :ihemaat 201 a'indias. Thin 

rabwiatltt a :a asllwaaas phlull tsp Ise ;ah1ha16a41 .- -_ __ - - .9~~ 

aaaa,~s tiaa'. a....I Sra',:aiial a' it~ al a -s a'-.a I:al..~a-. t'a ra I~l..alav r t -- a-1 't11-4 , N (' 

I1:-ntpl' :.1 411 if" 6-1 a. t'ata' aI a.' u.ast4 h-6.1s,klral .'i'~s 

.-.---..--..--.----. -.- - -. .- r----.-- .--. rr. 

CON 'l IENT A0

l3MN4 PtIT W 111W411.A NUMM S. TV NOT% %%D CRItM M"M 

was. rot pot eewtsookel Jos leor sont 4jdeef'l Weetfspoionztiw. frele4tgtteeem hfuolgrianolttntiv~otenwira.U 

heat ran# r acrlrelti'v: l tt the letioling t'ei1). waso *itghwsshu i-mtuel ow.116ripiriinet ts~tiet'd 

the prieletilek rauss. oft fejeen.pr. A eswifter anwl thicker nea oto reriiablJ0oe A~not(x"infls1w. sprlU arydiiCphowi 

plate neixMgh it be'tter peofoecmairer. eerit-ooe ltfattei aftert 30) fosrmivitgiM anl reqtuires 

O!TOS ('OU~oe~a ~uxovaa1i46 

wMiaw.&iog sit"# IM. T6heo Wooq twa.line I ut ie 

anti it wsa'he, I"Osmmilpo~ostl flat the total itssefull 

life id lih jplateoltopr portioealol lie manr-fuld that ofl the 

('rtotin tn~w~e id L~vgmrior"rt m pooorw ertitsthewo hose ortlinary type. 

to work oin-, anwi throuropr it( the evlinths't againsit the Anouther tfir with a ertinplip-atrool .souoface.,uted fur 

crlum psestim ringee6 Uets. Unelraithe otestlitiorLA 4o thruiping tianpror tidinag Jtos oroaaxu tubhle, wasn given 

nor it iss the frit-tiva on ttwooa the nrahtut ring anal tow a Piatilar plate. The tce.4 tof thistiie dwa ou still ineomr. 

tmi agotnesii s heimoop ool' w rlotrr. rather than the pbofr in ISM. Nost ito fortformanero top toIF**os wao 

awe" neor"Waore of th- rotmting. that its ivorng t4,osttl. 

Pirvitumss crteet hail ,.hooomri that harti rhotoorejen torice 

much beetter' thant that tit a toomplaitcol oteoel die. 

*trppliate 

* 

pvp the I"te peveoprmnuenn. At rather esult 

m~~~~~~~~~~nhoiuicaketm 

plate latted 40 hir lorefooo, wear ofl the 

otevrScpir LTC.S-movccoe 

Mit..tu$ITO.PA~..aSa-xscu 

arosihio ping lorare ,eeioioeoes. 1he rate otd wroes aguinet 

the rnoelibdentuin plate was, emlY rdeeeet 8 per miot tit 

NWoAl'erirroe aill'itlol plate", which air mentioned 

in.*" 4 

eian 21.3.1. appear tit piteseat iIusvcii! pusios~hilities 

That u0i4.0 the kritrol tsntinem loectrwiplate. So ao esninmirolewtsocro. 4 %dir preliminary extprormmwt so 

sob"ty.o ?pros pif stal. Noitwlnotinm l~nhMitir platete werivo 0awct plate" oert trade. 

triedi. lNot this, appeartos tip he a prtemrisoing fichl of ap'. 

tporwatioti ofl Pork' jlatiop, L' Conelto4norts and Recanternendationa 

U~txicita AsomIt 

Certain oolvetrunie i vieir s.. uh as. mnugneetim 

appearopr that the fils. of niw for' pyrulytic plateo' 

Of Mui-ilrtIns an el o nenl.0ilsce~nom carlpide that rill 

opwmet po'oteslelr nj-Its further invcntigti-.in are those 

saskis, ortomippite lar ge anoionto o el heat petr itnit aon". where retejotance to frictiton uror ear, withiout mnechan, 

the aronniont inerrasoing with the popoer rahisitirol. T7esw "Ia eshuck, its inisivewlv. If roactmitk-rahhy thicker platrot 

spia n(tiak tirvio'rme ess tsooalfor thee; hiiaie it hentt dime, 

piptinon can Ir inormarort whil electricalen eu ) 

of good aeiher'er" ran ito prrpoAt'd ithere is r-isoa- 

aisl proespect a ounesecee in uletaining reot-Va-tsre to 

rianIs.' maintained,. an incrravt 'in power raihiateti ms-n high Iteniperattswe'. oSuch vlatrop wotild have to he 

hee olemsinoel. Iterausme tef the high rate id heat transnfoof 

mnt 'Ovrh'mom. it was. olosIerite top ~ri the effect eel a 

thtick enotigh to prutco't thee aende-l~ing metal trom 

nelting and thermal tran~formntiun. The columnar 

Palt. poure metal plate on the inpite eel a eipper ring naturee ofl plates. Po far prpearedl inerrmnsa- their lack of 

whiche i6 a purtion od the oroppeor mnnele. It "-"s fnooensi "Pla'tner to the orioelsoinatifir; of theritml and median. 

that is power inerroeaso ee at Iruot foeint times.t over thaet is-al hotork. Ftirthe'e reL,4, rrh neYopin~ke it practicable 

poeeeeilple with an eenplatril antsic tioetk pliue. Thpe plrate to priv~ate plaitets having an itneerien~tetl Strtneteere, or 

iretioaiuvtl intact. cons orientoed in Pitcnh a wai-as M to reeiost the fortes that 

have etp toe nipow catssoml fraileorip. 

* 

Di. t~av~scmInajontech as. a th~irao'gh trial hadl leo'-c mAdc of the 

etmreviluleways; oil mmdnttaninK ths- itfrngth oj the 

.Aneithr- rtplrwaltis to( great promiss' i. te, pslate tlk- le~teil shierinK firing, it "aL'. i'ono-lreol in the atamirnrolf 

iturfare 4telkth. that leave toe ,'tand haertl viea:r. lirre iteel INS that tieg pyrtehYto' pld~tinlK prioos.fl4 as th'n (Ite-Vti 

o ploerpehrk.AI 2-neil eeol~llwk'nm-eem.na iImetniont ret- 14fkIl WFas 11st Mtit.-INI- fite' ;il.tirig liners. with 

friole p~late. Ahir-h pri~tilel~oi hadl a lvtrtlieiu' stls'ev mirolifti'nrn. !i*rtherni'rv, thre liner-. of nrnsive mois. 

12X) Vireksr. wmalie~phimle tos ai t ie wheitle-,W 44 1e.~t ' %e 1w-Is.isiuiit, ilc"-rif eil in ( 1taptir 19 hlad Iv that time 

a noti at sone rio'sl Sel%-hr w iti.e 'a as lit It fowistnrqen'..'iei a la,'ttl mtoor 20t1u) rom l. ire ,imitiir t ts.fli-itcitv 

eowrnvstletie in the jgriii triie ite a v~aineemi telle, 

*r,,.. .~sm- ~i~l.-s~o~s. 

s~ea'. ~ ~ ~ 

I let eel fi taing a wu~ay mite arteshi.. re..iilt lot. a liner plated 

,teitle iiivA 0.1iii ' I-Y thle' ;e rtub~irs plutnem ;.auoo-sd 

N IM -t4t o6-lit. 1--m- ohel. ie, wo.ae- .. reo*,f moo 1â a .eentiaa I we gn':et a.- to nics fees-ae fit iel,.t get iun tin.) 

li~s.,p itn~e~esrten warrnted.

111,14 6 IV~ Ltj 11ol Oft 11;%I~ 833 

Fiarther- 'tie ly a!tt anot ye. wavt.tlt 11m- prtnrtfioa4' ip tt t eiatnn 1ie'~aaarloomyl ame virtuoaonitall 

mot. haitti-ver. lie atinlajijie. lI.ittaliflitillt Sto C%- ally the P4nieflw fill" tt4' atil ('1Mwcaf'..aldilaKt molybi.tetuk'a 

testia 14t the nmooesiveroo ti i~ftid ' apa~iiulirhajima, d~iaaun a4., wll),tanal1. excep~t thlit its vaegaair ptrnntii'e at a 

further n.,atinrr hala mld Iii' mmaotoaial oat' amu':ianp tit in- given t eiitjia'nhltire is :alatitt ottitiifth Shrt f dmailyb. 

ffrratio,#frpiatw arati, asu ammwtiluiloo s niw Ot astown, hp ahahniatilarylaavk aaawaat Z.L ,V On, L&4i* Porfor-ma,* 

0111111110h of the pirti-tto-niotail InauI, anod fflurtsa. Mr.11117, r aninl Al ISIP mmr, rt-wrrti-rely, anw of .1.12 C 

Ashuill lie m-le, too awlelae 11mon a'laaaalv the caonalitions theyi uan. l.01m; ui 0.312 tain. 114- Ptlahihjto of tung. 

fur prea'mring a plate. if a givrat Ituhaltae. diwtttanil- An~a lat-vartrlowuyl a. gwnrn tlit lie the name an that adt 

asmput~twi, vqfyntai .Iw, car uther va~iAnlk. ttaayit4itii al.-iwrbllatyl. 11W. ftoxialty of! itt' vapo 

an, pfresionlabhly tile atsasitv hlfiltte risak id haiantlling it a 

trtkti*IL." Iuoralaw Is' ito, st lightly hotw"' volatifity. 

1111 VAPOR-1111 4M*: PLATING: OFrprisaa aa'tc ita 

TUNCSTFNINPoaete f ui-etM t 

fU Prepatratimt anti Projo.'nir.r of In 0enetrtil, thae giavestptictioi on lthe pn'paotatiiam oft 

Tunguisct Carbo taal 

Fur restanua Ptlatedal jnectijam2l. 1.3, thle greater part 

ttttlgs'tli jol~atce s horpoflihaaa a n ia~tc i 

partweapa. sitfppila'.t file parliminnary 4ligt, nince. nalco 

Ilylamemno paiatessncnieth tot how nate. praurnane. Tentv 

at! thep efmtxio Its pretraiesn Pyraiytie P-laten (-or Kiln sit% intapriwing fill- braad, qam pl~atintg tanwiulcn avofr an 

lwrep antd other plaeparraooc was tuarriett 'Hit witl) m1a-46- iaaterniol-iuta. pla ated #neither mortat, *ml ma, theu4wwc 

alanasm ca.'Iataaayl. Caantivijaaently, no aletuileil inefi-~t~ anti criao-'lini( strength of tingaten plateo. were not 

ptioan was matl de lat! vPn epae for thet harge-uwale ipr. rnd.ale 

detba un of tangn-ten etariatooyl or tof tile raw materintia Ilk- onat ie nappariltsa wasnotitedl an for the vapor. 

fraita which tuomakei't.Sl~unilarol hlionautqwy nppiaratila phaa..a plating of mgyo!tixentm, andepircnlacd in.cection 

andl methodsi wt'a'. un.'ai ito Pnell". an amount. at! 21.3. 1. When i aaiagstn erarliaijod vapair without drvnor 

ttmge.len lwxaraarlooinyl tlaat wan aOutlit-it-tt faur the e%- wet hydnagen in intnaaltaced intia the plating orhanaother,periments 

that werm rarri-rd out. 

Aknhytiruom tunx.,,tn rhltlarnh isi Aitaintalle in curnt. 

mitroe in clioantitien ativagatate for faow as a astarting 

the ciraikaaapaaitiamn flat-e platte vatries as %hauwn in WAS,. 

4. It ateelns to lie cattier tit prepare plutP3440 of pum tung. 

matteriad for the prutiawtimaa of Itigtlflnta hWxAht~ica tiavi T.tiaM k XNteai, ofama~sijwtifo taariatta ran. 

oa a small nealle. It it in needed in larger amiotntia, it tamaaj Vapne. 

can he prepared by the otumei pruedrealaa ant witl, the 

lame type Of Apparatus, Wilit flatany minlor maitilimiau. Miating 

tioni, an waut uamed fur the purtnlatitiiin of tile naaalyra. traiiiwtatalnif jr 

lAin tetmnva 

nintW 

ltigh cuarbon 

Iatai"~ ftro, tmor aar 

denalaslrm anpuaaina CAertion 21 .2.2j. 

Tangaiten hiextararlamoyl in preparewd oat a Inloomittirv 

aorak- in the onae faa4tiatn tipn isn itil vlooeieaaant he'naear. 

louaniy dencriliedl in Skootiatn 21.2.3. Taangterl heuca 

2R)-300 

U10-tf00 

tOO-tIOO 

Taaaa&e 

Tunrites 

Taiktotelt 

('otn'cial, 

Tasiapr nrb 

.. 

Chlooaife hof-inaelatel tap laatiaa' taaatgnten Ivy nwtulhic attet, thaan at! plare nitalylnha'aaaana. 71i.' fotmntion of t;.ae 

aline in an ether nas entiti-niq, amai t orS littla tint'te e hexaigoanal timsagteta ciarbide, W:C, ua*i nveroloanervd 

cariouroyh is ftormenarolI reaat'aaat nit h a-;araaan ntqintaý-idl in tlit".. pkinajg a'xiiirinivi'ttaa. Alt hwtigl noa earia'n .1'sintlear 

pta'nuotirt. Vtorian riaataletezta of tilie n-aittamn, tile tsrnuiiaaiat iaaian were maude, lthe ertabic voilaupohantl is conether 

in retaatital lto a h4t tilatin ian. fmill- tlie aaogteai ;jiaki c to lie W,( 'lvainaalsaK with lteUhis'eaie Phasae Of 

carlotmit I in rornaaavanl froiaa lthe tat haar miihtaaatnv lay Nit'at thlit %%as la.i~ in wetiian 21.3.2. 

Atlvin a ti'til!;atitin alit I titll.1v iaaari~alieda% iii I4viitat ia. tat geameral.thtle t miAva~sii phl":itet 1'a liher athain the 

Nu nt at i"' have I nen minnae to dta ermttineiaa tlie( tiiiý an5aulltItaattlSa,.IIaaaea ~d~ rm 00 i. 

faivoratid a -teatialit t tt fair ,itla aiinigaa at high .oieal, Wi at, ems. far iiat%' ith viear. lowt carl~ian cainteant, tot ovtrr 

* olatial it lie 41it',itat li-1031V thlis -1,ia -iaip t in 2tXXt) `tia'ktrN fair t1114 N tit h high carbotn coantent. 

anutiaatia n airatr t hian 100 g at a jaita, ait~aidis 410,rh alt4 *Iivrt' is a tr ining itcaaalam'ia or, ;isii the tcae at! ol' 

thaaue ala'strilo- inl t.-tt att 21.2.3 at nvemritag thite -ahtoium, 114' (tart it (a aira'mtjttat!o ai t-riviaat cii a ~'oala.- it t lite 

ar~it aat of or 1004-alaintii eatrlttitil Aloanalalhit- fatile. hoIt aisa am~n i atmivat too tilie platt cl mairfaice. 

CONFIDE~NTIAL

434 ~ rtr'k: s. ? for 110411.1 frnrs %Iil. rsTlnainwt 

.AUAIV MPS rower m wie n sm.' the' tuanviren juntag. wnee aeeutonertinaing 

~l~ilul~~een~een ~ al) 

ih,,' plnte" lainl. lueq-fl li esto an, iee Ie'e-fql in tAeim22. 

unicietei~ag~nindt 1 rcuaed euiolan- to( 111.Iwo)~ac IlduenMoo a elaa*aaue irler~t n...he'aI e'emre'rnin the 

Inteile ' -I, in epree~ieieeraf4t Ilic. on"". nisl ecoils a fix.a ti l4:w ye nted~t5"eieceqane tten~lIeana 

willo ad thri 

43S of 3)(C 

VU, MW - SU 4t,/e4) 

in tis'~eme- dii. lianlerIIM. 'stirlt o 

pL fee ler...~meiJpiarirfr a.es!m~eq 

' laf is ;ull i( fill (nat-fteeie oiTvrtinK t00'r ten~retefi'e #of the tlaueg. 

jilaitin-a O)Ci il '~ wt t elmnal 1fe'i.1i ne ttiaemlenstate' .Uirr pl~uat' wcill have' Iis lip e'irimnl loot, insis so hatm 

Slip stiltit.' ha..Iit.elec lictlia.. MolYINI.'eeiam pla"I'e tIon. In"ee clhoir with rntalyleclo-netm. A peae..edlvi adlvant age 

sit. taa'ee ce'alje'i eiaalsme.em waS. t tuentgide'ni plat"ci acipurep'il with mu4iele'roltnem stmosi 

illtilmt harti". pate so a iuun- Iteunjea"n may he peer- 

"S e Tellcshag L "V.mp n P66 Pe~lt Dump1 MMUII'. v~ea $han P"M n Iivol Minit" We~ of ail 

Ovne nthii ,*84'ilita liner wall, olefetaa %titlao Va .1-.i i ios t-a n 0'IIlKIeI c'na-sile, aie' Ien- mliec awhit linthrvlerrthan 

teenpctarn e'wcut tiee rwmintineinau inmue"d Aie oneaa'II finaol in ncc%.ieil~leeaioiito rnrTIN4I4', it wiemiki Perno wdorth "ntle, to 

a e'aliloerr..A4t :irr'itft numahiaw sw gtaorn! with AI'-'.12 .'c-etotieie atxKwfaiwt me Iisepee the' pni-fitruatt aco to( Isinpl(' 

onfltflinifhicon. 11tvi p)late a noe etieiitiiiil a'emneelt-Ie' v In frcti unit Inientfrot eridoile' plat" few lowr Wl)4t' wcee' 't~ 

tle'r l~e'e'i'le- thiuil 401' thine 84iet. linerr t% litv iiret fives 50) cclaeie'ie'i~d.Nbrleea' wecak will need toaj i' oner 

relocanei Im~gcam., as I-atin iageulvn. *flAii yrdiaaemniw lseefea glitie'a eatt-i( irn'guiiar shals, eltit-'iaaily onW 

woo neut eauuon. h%-rn flewv ra'itisce oslal eeerpe'4vo', can lie. give. a 

Teangceoen-pinutela nrkee't itwoule' leimtaveil amn Ie'.4 ftallY pleel~'eayiites ad( tefuntenf 4we of a tutinjýteU 

the. ,.Ite. no' elisl lite' note .eefluiinn141;ate'4 

tiememe in Sro-f iae 21.3.5. 

sonv'W, Itierl. a'iocointlkM~ lit thintjinerpfee'5. 

Wvrk, in it i mleT''uIw~e gain ot-o s knotirA m diohdsh~ ad us PUW1AU.RTION OF CHRKOMIUML 

lelarkie picetle %itI, voel ail-hnIinic t(e'eion 2131S). CAI&DON LP 

Twa wmuaamlwu~igieewlntaalae~iuwe~b 

OWe arrire'en'l a pIntae eel tteng,'te' Weith in jnte'rmitijej 

Lto Iormstlioal of Chlro~naaun Carbon).,S 

rarte nni a he'nte~ e~tr d ecna~n 'cglp~e' T.' ('haoimujee hr"a'~rliesert .. (*rf(tjtg. theswinly ' celall 

AMee~ lw'nrinlge loada Her schalm, iol' acnvali rylierece'e' withe viornpoi c ml (ajron'el Ice-twe'n chruarneim and carbose 

a V-41,4hiucl n'e'ete0 gewinel jaeteeeat'anoelet. 71e' linnlnaw nunaiaeixte', moontlitt lie' pre'p.44e' in tim' Pennoe way av h. 

af the' l~~isi~ae colonelaeie 2'2101 niriia'ec'ka'ris, cn whire' ornwye'iejiaminxtit-4eivleeieiemitendlteang~rteuniexaipeenek 

arak ouegtlpire' iss 18111. flea' tiltilsir toie' rfearncnne'e' wAns It rucn lw- pprtstic'l aini *c vtme' ea) 4a c ri gnnrd reagent, 

ftpeecrte'I to lee' lino.ati'-fnrtaera, prolitealuls elate to thee whichb ice ane urainctn~ mno.Ke'eaeeen iea"mnie in the poses. 

thinec' m ad iltee' tiete' let the' lpeettan adf tice Icenrinai me,' cit an orwitnic eoltt't. The reua'tion, whic'h inwhew 

thep le'c':ate't minor ciecelal In,' rot-'it'al. w,,dves, the (onaaztien adt tin iin~tathle addi~tion leven. 

No inrvmn'.a in fite' aaiea'fc life' of ai Iigh-lc-cwueal dril pceaanal. neat' lie cerittrei u.- -leistn in e'lotctioinsc (31 and 

warn faeeanii tortn a plate' ad teangc'tan I told Ithirk wan 642. 

jt aeiuateali In- rniphcii ila'el thant follows a( the' fuaeginvo '(tn+(aloti '(1(.l~g~' 3 

ttanpitt'n I)lete'i re'prtcairrn'a2 tlwix- lce',topt'callt that ilr4 +C(,'ie 12C0 O 

vniglit lie eaistaeirc'a r~el if ietctil xeer' ncuile 4e the' 2(r('UOe + 2(*.Ilatlgllr +-3(U, (4) 

pLfiati'e prace?'... Piach watA at rvrixe.nuivetne.aa' t'p1-.lfl 

nme',ut in ftice e':ri v ýt~aga' -of fite' *lavaitecie-iet 4d flip 'lice' e'\.ct eeeeeiee a tofliap re'tetieje natal the ionomssalul 

phlieSteig tri-hiiiieseae ale-iecne'l li ter 'e.l cihalt ler eicairiv a fti rtlwer cai". ieetc, wicit-h it iaeee Ix' 1'ruliwn do~ne ec've 

eeille' tnne'tt cef 4 ceaccittie eec tieaectcit'eeietci Ilflip th' 

ttper'lcwecisa.-A prs-ý IAfieAc naeiV ver~v gl -it otlffrltcitea 

eaean-n eta4 iear'. 

*11#44 ~cice'l %.P#111611411c %ciack '101%s that wvri 

etr"ce Lee 44olan' eaeialee cit i Ii cee civiNteucee me pu~la'ecl. 1t14- a'tloo-rle-1a'nIiapr jW-stelae'.lei hve Im~ et'etilc in itliicht oei 

swe etcie,'of lao i ' clv~ iefttarl ar %,-re ,varci'l: the 

Aren.,e.ueae, X.vcy I1e a ctccaf.a neakut , t hev eoelt nt, teall[ liea- tvii'ejeor~at acre' :ice I prL~ie.'~a 

CONFID LENTIAL

at whif-h tht' n'aefill" wa. ramrni fast. In ill 4ra'... 11M .gsanm 2 ~.tmrafn.tmali~~tNi 

iii.Iof.'tresmii~. ~''r~rli~~Iw:l,. lIfw. fi.'liit.Isi', w~itll, nljix mi 

Themii'ir *i.'n'ajrit kd.'I'pu ti'-,,t in an 

trismurt.'.t *MiilKi rc '44 I fie a'r fiw..on-t i'l. and olupi.m.' u .4 tir towilimtisn. 

eim-rfflinuIits ,.4'thionii gae i~.*ll- -'allv' vm.iel. This it j. Fit momI if( fix- e'N;rinlentit 3.118 jg i( cnintiorn 

me ,.tft-OW: to in Eormini 4'he'isitr * , %%n Im- nne rhh~w'itle wt'vs pon"ItrnohIin Bits oi re #o 11 .4ylwr in a 

tiiow Wu'aat"Im is Poww'ilP sal a l~em moorsm 'Ti niltaiiwr slhal rtaild, Ia ilWs'rie.L a. a W-fitting. 

@"'I,-t~ tmmthl" rnm 01-4011T I,.. f1tornvo in mirvteiigat. flierw in a hirh-pro".t~n- i'mwwi4. .1 gha... .'swuainer wao 

;t -m.int .mnli' lmi* a vi"Tn ran4fill sto~ly l 1.4 t 

( giaimi.'s.P4414, 

ule PEEilille tisvoi in iluott .Is ft 'w rinvc'niifhl', 11111 ('E41p't, jisilt 

and ..eaink ste~ weel wen- almop o-44' with no 

Int ernlE to o'tainm~ Isomter tio't1l, 44 tilE' .arINls I sy liI('l'it ionl tht- EmirproriPrldii't .Jlfl'u-nttlimflir 

than 11:841 Imrn'i'ilumwt INV*, .jolailm-'q. oI.'tniI.'.l imiwlie.0 flms tilt- jnmirt . toelse final pIsromlim.. If eteiatm'. tens. 

so m.h .4 time fir the f winx ,qs;R" jvn~tmmnra act mer trivol in tile. hfitsmn, %m#M simol lismn th 

I. Immu~inrn nremowmnd in' tw. hr mvdn aw olm fimp avowfiviankao ~mW mina .,,4rww wi46h.I.-.m m~ 

inaterial. ('lmrnsiniii tietal timi. lm-qea inelitilm'.l. rn'nrtioi with,1wetj.i flt hmosnvluoitlelI isutviti ismsmoti,. 

I. (.mimpittiiwm off (rilfnaril n'aget. TIh' thnsmnir .'hiorid.' was. L'. in stonjw-n~in by 

&. M.di't. stlirring in ane atnuim..tmlm.e .4 llifigellmn. Thme eiontainev 

4. Ellt. t tot monisture. 

& Onrleram unist moe i 

was, nmoltil tot almusit - 70 C', l1,1 insertihoi in a ,liintillY 

4 addiitions of rvaruat'imt. 

1 

of maulio ra.rIluoem Eiuoiii-ml' mi aretuion' and tlii'n a imotlo. 

Is. Tvjx' to apixmratmmm. untl mmiateivr:i, for its. 'aunt. tiou o. 27 X of phe.n~i .mawm-iwi~ims lortaIU-i in 80 cc (d 

PlotseliotU . dry1 ietlm4' wao tulmlAt~t'I ow-ji. with oronlintuiots stfirring, 

or. Tormpmouw.- as which mtWW& v jo r . n is rio-1 fllo. 

S. I'n'.poimrr at %%hichrli n,'isr m c arriedI imt. 

diirilsmtthirty mnsi.mtes. Muc .Jtiwtnian-I i(tit nmwsg 

cytallizied at thisi fenimjrm.m-lln. Ilk- Cmt~ftinim was S 

9. I-jlect if4 stirring fir thiemr rnettmhml.. it altati.,n. tho enum'tt4 f'l frownfill te iwmliig Imatli its oolloiteIE was 

10. Setaratitm it( ltie carirwrnd1 frirni time n'a.'tiua eun'fimIy Avijwi. :still it wa plum-ee at, ,uirldi, an Pat.. 

msixture. Qli.' itn a 'tvAi' pressunre v4"I'ul ichi coemuld lie rackewd 

It. l'urifleutitm of the. .urbotolkyl 

12. Itomugr .4 the eurflom'.. 

nwqhanirmliv. 

Thisi. vi-st.It was, thenprle ... Irv. 1wteenn fit it ppighfist 

Ass a yemilmt (A these. .1thnmdie.. time ld to4 paor. Wt,,.k.' anm. E'arilil nummittieiot was infrislitcyul Ijiroigh 

crhumaitim tweaurartsony,' wuzs itten-ismuq frowns almost ..eanmi'm vinilsowr Eil browieii~ tut'ing frunt a c'ylinder o( 

147, to aSlmos~t 6i4%. Morn'E pn'pan'il in , 1Emlmntitiewi the euwnnwrei:, tog.. Va.rying the pressilure between 

of 5 X p.'? nmon Essing11wti lal omlrY apltzlntlmii. A feSw 3(m) anit I.X .tX l i (fil ilt A~nn to alfed li th irldt 0( 

expertinvent' ownE a slightlytIvarm-r scale. Igale m~itflI 

yirwd. No work hasa 4he-tv t~ilt o a .i'ntici'wsommniat 

i'lrt~imml. I'fl'Am4Eri', Atlcov'e 10111E pusi were not tried. 

Tihe nork-Ing moliim as Plar..ttle.I prom~ptly. The ortnscale. 

huot thi','. an' soumeitio mlien:,t~is. that a ri'uitiemi- rt.'nt.. fip lii -i'tr. evesN''.Qw t'qaeh4'ivo forJIftitpe~ftuiY 

unto prmtx'm.E foir flt-imemufac-timfciton' this suElmsoanct* ins nbimmt tlmnoe'-fissi'tbs o.f an Imosmr ami the meaction 

retitlol Ier tom-kni4111 twil itlimi~t Erfi'i'at iiTNllyI. Not mes'nml tim he' virtioiilly nomftgit.te in 2 hr moun.. The 

r~olieflfto of the ois.mt lias Im-' i't ndrlk. rarlwmi munimsxiih' t" unmre' %as then releases I, t le east- 

1fitent.. .4u p1 m'sstimn vr'ima4 It-'tieet with ire water. 

SProc.tIhire for I'rn.Itmicit Csretmtiumm 

CabnI 

Carhntorr'ir 

3.1, .e off diluste. tX I Ptilfitric acid1 udihldl, and the 

rmniwnis too gn'i'nisl mi-ctsmr i'.timn-4liotilled, us ii.'fiw 

nuiblslilv'nmon raritionvi ill Nmo-eion 21.2.3. 

Thme tpru'iitirr timatlvY ail. lpti.l viwao a.. 6i mhI.. 'lir ime. er nlaw, 1111 mu.. 1r.'inu fint.an it te di-tilla- 

C'ommenrcial: milvit-ruii,' 4riiro..., c.ibit..nl. nim.. itrivil ill 6im %%iii s ete.mtimitm-i lmit it offiso mmlii.' 'tvsal. of euro. 

2:51) C iii nit ris-n anid thjen s'r.'etiil (to jt-~mt-4% or mitimmi t-trlm s'i~ v aiwo':mrl it its. the set-'iIer. Flumi.gh 

tiner. .ltoi-t.n d'rl.Itim- ctw liiv il' e''1 n'ijitinri'iflt-Ii lseEt. eliii' na% dIims aiolteil ti. fhe n't-ve.'r to disisolve all 

.4l muon. G.li5(hktfI n-laW4-ill Willt didm hut 144l'iM to th.. fit vi-eeI tmowml imid thi' et hor la ver ..p.rateil (ntim the 

en'a,. tlme vietil. Phin- vt um~agln~i',in boit. mud. I, v dv.. iiar .mitime£mis Ia~vr. 'Ili l,'. jr - em'et rm-I na..w~hiell 

it(1a.. the ( dgnanirei e'nt . It wum" im-pia 'l. a as uit ni~atera' :mmil d lii vvi~ramij.ihimmmis s'a. timmii ll'uifte. 

,Ieserils'. insltaim, ard Id! mirt.,rY manual,' to Aif inirgmli Mows#, .ift (a i 'ttim ii t witi-u .thrt irimih :11 .'firiis-t 

,'lwmistr * v, byi itroppinr plwmil 'I ,rimmiitm- iti~t i a tl..~k frail ii .n:.t imig01i111u1. If ail.'. 1 .mlatte fract iolnatiu ias n. 

rifs~tailiiifK manesni~i.ll t iiia1itngs unit dry m-t ir. 'Thme mimt ..~tai~n.,, thr tons. h~. iss. .4 dijrimitiiim i'arlowiimvj. 

CONFIDENTIAL

*flg- flta-k c-eonta41eiieag 11w n-.-igiges. wao' no.edg-g in ire- ,e-'sf l *. inwrlfl st. Star'ting ocat.ii. ealee, -i iizrtha 

31141 1!1- "0tr4w1n.0 ',%.1tKgi I -n, II -ftf.% n-og-i% aio ali iits- g.,vir* % sg'sg-too '.gein--tiiorceoig.i, tnugme.iiv 1i;4i melf lY- am 

awl drins-s its air :at nomes to-iicuj-riin-. (ler~mieggmc it( rarlmegicI ato nst nofigicortr-sa isv ties- glows nJ f,41e-r 

r f-W~~m ceflggas-. d er t o$ egel -uipWn .i ln l e- is-li id ~ olodn if g.li . lw ot4 l s ty lhooft w 4' r wve mrw u.v I $o l a me owu m 

q-n - rlma- . .rIeee in 16e-..- vso-riee--ineso An*s 6e-twen-sl 2..1 um hifilh. 

ansi 2.11 IL that! 6. 531 toe 4;77, gf list- tiesn-em-te-n. A.rr rolagriofhne-ootoiorteJiatit lu- rioutrl i tutmlW e 

l'w foorliw,- ONegs~tg.ge- 

vilwnriem wsea n-gnu'.- esegeie-v lm-ecose~rn sag a eeggga eamsf larlerrws' wrtlh. ren atlaeiam-s 

feumi gin- g11-rlss in a Aw 

4 seklle-It4ms-ne-let anda ne-iiggeeg tgeAusri Ila- rlsova 1wg f tim-ge lei Leg AAe.44 

esotlulimesI in variis. Tigs epgibhee-11ro nneatf-sitti fijotecee-s octgggeint-ger ff 34 ru -Als ur-tY aes~rL 'AMA Pe-mtae 

larur. leizfel nt-Is-ei igeg s"-i-u -tn. An-is-uo A e(iems s.e s-nrig-sI egg at noteaio 14stomfrwfutso. ( leneenetisn s-M'msJ.vnitonehm 

oie Ile~asigg- tlgg'gn-tira-eu s-uegmmmmstm. oi 

awel e-tiw-r as-n- ;eien-si ign thiige %v~eee4. a*Ii fle- C ssoigall 

ss-.-nt an'sjesroh~ur-s-I mi Oyleasl 'o tlenessekh a ,No w 

fa Pronlusie-tjs-e tol (1roxohoseigs Carimse..i etrvis-,. whleue-a leufle ja-ul n.4w #ifarltonse nuincmgiegiste ana 

rnginfgniegge in the- into-rireuithsritgtosa-4ar. Tim- emseb.. 

(linmeliiant -a-lrnult VI lo oieghtegi %ji~tls- ,t noe"rn 0qiest %foio'. oa-n agesh-.egile,-I eaMIN". T71s Vidgi was 

t511-ie l in-ttll- 3114 ae 1,11leeN, sgis 'sten-sin j tag els-iN. 5jos- wLi~e ,/ Tim- notsg . gacs e ."s-l Mot amar~iatte in6N 

-fteqejitve. ibi~rkidiama Ieeetde-. io.oeug-i- n a t~eel oeqsi- groestl dif if sit, thisoel lot pwopmn- Ihe- epas-lutl ose this 

leemeegi e6 ;nrai-fr" . fgtr Infirmid cmlmggitioglt-- ma~ke fa IT r alp-. 

s-Ivealieignt lwuwsadesse.I n.1esh ectwor All-Wtusg r-s te ILi- It o the gg'.- lof a 9ee-s-iaull cle-.4iinorei ,11purnteeee with 

"Ofiali'.gtiom toy iighet thcan neggrieluog nlt eegrolwicsein a epwi~iisf ihilelle gil11w (d re-din mIl-ii-s-m. a e-entioneolso 

rarlumm isrl. TIll- ion4w.-tic-' iielse~isiuellns kgu-x:mr4vtcnI imwe-us IGoo, the pixii- iewle ee ditreitignt rareinyetl 

s-e-nAe le ihease om Ow ims-eegidah-ulilln rmls-eea"eenil tvs-y-u smaliel ps-uiaeiev lip w~soriiesl. " iL sas vt Ie. T6. 1646i 

ofhwir. seea--pt 1gw tles gnvress- mege-eogitiit to oenap"md. n"sa-e uosmp-infenmm fair tgiegwhie-h isa- aleesl o hoorsee 

gnetes1rlee-ee. ansil glee- o-idaieti Iteiodeg- uvele- tm--om- 4e 

the. floinnwt. It% eecuiogieiliiu-. emtestligu- in air. zensi oi~aigi. 

hein s-emtnc-t with getleesont- mie-ticg am- evoirmeetafll 

s-urrns-si gait emn. rimss as wyia v I els'few mnany rrar to 

gum-vr tylw's u( urpuk lopten-picto5w, 

tiesa'. etit'ho imilylate-eguin mnisegies-. .A-tlgnstg vntal wfies 

th- resetmottinto in 4gow-cetisai haveg neat yet i~s- ee'. 

tgiaesL * 1AiOlI-PilSE4 PLTIN(; or 

\u teiletillulnt ps-schises- t(e eelinle-sniiiegmi rarlm-iggr- 5)nfr is-s-ineignfo- "toq gasnori's eat thl( fownsti~aneofl 

lIwo' vrq- IN"-e r'mion eth-irt . hoinoc-el tim- lalaes-atggs-u oeteeioy liletingoe heY 1iKe thcrmal eie-cenipeautis'se iel chrumnium 

uf lthe . uni lxe-si'. heewe-us-. atte-niiien wia' paid't pow-''. lic-ur.arimeeaeui werem "-rea-l castgiviniuesgh wines- waff 

aside nomottlifesniem'sc IN( ges-eu--in.se g nat wgagisi "Is- its 2e a eleit$ 1so olee w het lintpat"- 14 gii6M-'t gsk-xm-,, ofl hardros-eml-t-eeis-nc 

rhem sleeu i (mefiints'-n:ia lens-ens. Ilme- liune- is"-'. which-its-eu- -amentatleiu' adlirens-t tit noici tem.t 

jetatigmee eel two, finagsen-,s in pifi-ee e' sseltge X-M,1ragee g-eegigir zgeeh alee tee Rlag lr ý4t5sir-fae-e Tem.. 

oen- gJ( a I rigtnenl s-e-igp-m. lss-te-tisee it( 1 I5Iotai eel lit-nglire- jlitivit fees- les varying learingi-,.. sf the 

aw~orinx wsithI lit=- eeesetfit it-'s gef a-l ne ool- the e1w e4 li:et1-ee vg-n- feegenci. liesf-w 14:11(ýts- agegIet-I to ate-hit. 

leuieh pon-o~"sse-s is-s- -s eel' tOw "-eeietl--uili *y tith Im- se e-gerfas--, we-n- fleet peirtim-elaihe adlle-r-it. 

e-e-lege-e. Neo 'sisee-ns. Awin' Ito in it nejuslm-r eel ameuttelli 

tee lm-14611c- t-le.?leeIe eo-;erleesev ge-na-ie te Ne atin-! Pi'.n..oure 

At prvltuirr flu, yk-6i is: di-roniiilt. 

he e- 

* %--:niggI Itu Sits- g Crivaroin 

laiie ý1 e , -n thle- n-:act i. ese 

n-egtteetl an- gieeeh-I %%:g' e---e-teiaili 

;is:rt'io~ emi alt hiigeii gielleell) 

tile 4onso :L-s tha~t ee latie~gnng ineulvii- 

2'.31.c -c A s h-e 4-rr tnants ed h%.41nb. 

ps-e--e-gn-~ o( g-:elwcge ee eiw. e6 gi-. Vie-i- Id i tgeIc 21 

andes 2~ 4r,, elor 11w ;ut5 1a '--leglgi hit- geiI se tsge-ti 

jwas.ioigz eec-I thes e,-r--4iallieee rairlooeigyl ri-si-il s-a?. 

e'eii1% wle I i. e-t e4%all-- ltr- -teueg 

coNHFWNTIAL 

S MIN& 

S 0

V 1114lit-'lI %,4l' I-LTtIE; Orv (31i11011111 W 7 

s~~'wss~t~s 

s 11w s-s~sss~I~. asss 355' a"'ais ss~.'sr %sn I5%sif 11'5 Itso .sai;555 Ill,- prs s2ww5is -o .1 

A-pt wills, "it' -1Ie'fl Iist ip ellota'.1 s :U'1114. s'slin. t rlosts a t. ':rssls551 ~ 5 ItlP~< 

lot 

3 

1114011111% 'sislal rinowil Isao Ist.%' AhsvI.thai~i Itisy de'4- 111w1 Ive-5 

V~s.~iari~ 'I At.s V*sssi s 

s'hntslssv when. soassn's. Tof, kyi.1t'fsiftw is'5. 

Tnov njoloctrrslsss' thsat wave ss'-rsI in Oil@- s'lsss~issani . 

p~iuLris~ iorw-ros.tirp is. sJssats lima kale ils lFisosre Ill. '31w. 

Wm ev 31151. - 

eivmtinotiato'I. slssaiag sqw'rnotissass. Isa Motlesn'ala's Ivy a nstignifr~sk. imawislssul likes 11A. IKaI ItI L &'is1. 

sAwe ,aet. vii 4a llais'k-wnfls' nilslsa'r ltidisw. At fl' ips' srsli~'s loaAN lfiipsts"s.'istt~fs' tiono Fe faJ-,wsmll 

totilloatkoo plot;4 the 'Msormpo, itss. e a sset'sIls' Yrthr. 

IlivsauiiI, wlsit-It a sontall olntinas tof s'nn'4sslyII~ scirilk-so 

tot have' lt'w po,'qaoli,4ss's'I wigk h1)w TW4Ws'WfK 

'1'jwwssls pnsiiaiis~ii'vr fee pstaiit 1, j- at, S11 

hvsyrssni's wi4'an Is':splnailltIre. Wiuth s I Is,' 4'Netll 491 sIu' nossir itteslIs leissasas gsstins is, I laat I lira nwi1A ;iirfart-As 

I tw'sq' ifelo'nsss.4l is( Illp1414' I N-~ssa las' islslixs raisssl".'s. its Itae lo i lesi-' d4aPt~iiizpot Ity Iw-atsixs in Isysirssisn i at 

saplw'rsatile iors' cs i nsinss-l 44sI sp% t'yn',; L-a. 11w' I rals r, Isssgr tsan i~Ja'r Ottn it. gsla-pltin~g tmelops.nlistt'. 

in whisid fils.' mitisessse s'ntrlsxsss i6 a'ssl''i. is'i iss,. V 1l',its- t .Ill.'41n1-11 IsaIsssl'Itasl 

Trails'"e111 in a 

psoi 1t1w pl''nlaI~ting 

I it s.( 'lid-il et,ms-sasl od tsmi~':ssl:s silL'. 5sassjas's sits l 1w lo'a~.r~so-lse' li sk.C,4 s'itsisI Valuer 4sapt' 

Tsacarlostil T'saIiss F.uw o 'rmoltons sal jwsasI'ss~sen w atasI jsssale's was 1 1srss tisL 141w too,'s1is -Voltvs.t A floor 2 

Iwi'-atuSn' hsil Is wo 4taseet I. whisite r is' isl reasonspisnl'. us I lr. lilt -. rasssiol s' vuar irw t s' m'il isIT. flop' oassplc 

iortu'':llIe. 'nor e' t'e',tsr callesar 416,k lei Ivo' plssle's ix'w~s %ta s5apin lis.-sa'st ests'eessaizal ltsIt 1sr'700 

0s'oneisaiiile ini a'tssaislssi' C' 1st' low-o:nes 4d flipa Ile-is'sss tso MIN) 0.5 .ssssl t'ss'in graclitaly '.is angling! Ilii plate. 

e'esepla'le nsuds wlswls an' 04ss1'd~e intfs .1 nsersiils.I kaosas 

sstsapporarl et inte. t~whi' s'as' INum loop *ofI I%-' risaniloss'. am& Mar114 Yteoe With 

'I'll hr' senlssr itssrsssst' asiml loo'ats'sl hY an tnshsa'. 

tigh cisvil (rust slowsws. AImps dssswit arrs e'esisse'stisms, tas 

V*ariatintla its Pu'ns''ure 

0 M2Atsile w'sissnw atit ahliissif ese slw-smorpse. toase oftiticiri jsns.'a'stsan lw's:aasw I 14looralss t' i -A' attate'e'5's'in' iw' Ilad 

12lits a s'ssinv' fair indisorsa's licita sss' stw'o P ' atil ss. tis' is. pnore'a'I. ' s'ssill- rsssiwere stuin' s, d eslse'ttefiotc ofntasa 

steve' nsinoa aerissoa'Ii v,~' Is' lse Is"ic~ thelo-a 

ntota vaporers', it( hstaistissw idslea ter. colsosr woo. ut-isIsN- tsled. 

In thies aliumtsti- thes 116 lik a mosstss.s t''s5 Iop' :lplss'gstssssisi t ssass inas-n poissnt ss(l'Sepei a. 11ix a .s'ai'slt'ed 

t'arici's ta-smns rssssi ts'sssls.'salaan' tst :slosssl IM)i C' sandis ist slsighst alet'n'is' its IL.' ,'a-sinzths so flips twasisl lIx 

So 

1_____ 

I-LS TO Ueul jL9%0a9 

CS * MS 35 5 5IM 

socal 4102. 4LASJON 

gou -0 to9 -atos 

Sa

-f -T No.- 01 - -- - TV e4L' -A*.&% 

. -. - 4 

tura'a vs.t.'4 811eal .Ie:' :e at... 1.imasivimi'a 1441011' time At phtinm trmsprodaromew eel al-eeet 41111 V awel 

(to vicalo the avinw plate thisvkiag'ea. MoleEt. etms~W :-% ewlt pt..! ii. storflfl , awl at 

l'lataaamt atest A bife eij..k a"hom-1-4alo;euw n.Nwva'm-W tlraleaa 6.23S C' a" ta"" h~ar'le'a plae with a asaaL 

to hr, she.aetanani gwowa'.lan' weas isooaal. Theias "o leealoxieesa ~maiaa a im'.eumiem varbifle 

putsvomeAlkiv. slow ti~Umma. 6 Jw&4 A6whasioa* fadte, plmfr appreaw to poeooWe po w vlovwme- wl~r -m 

AvI! tefamw hamp looie jtg Eemmernbh h 

fr fd h polde'ao .umirs! * me afolla-r hovrnfiam appear to 

n'-.aiily -v 'remit'ql thnn iso in.., aeoaiak' awel the. "Isrwn. g~lormIIn~ 4te'r. 7%e m'r ovnreelto e efrieI. int thew.. plateas. 

me'aetst with aeeeaht ielahteeea p1;-ting aehewcql that a possol in.ats al~at~ lei fir' alawarvY elf ovcaofe aAmp- 

4hete~ lu-no 134.1 uaaein' lo'-,xitlaiioo few ! j lor Iiyulaimsm jar t000%e es plassms, 4e thosove vvtalao 

at I tIM C. EKape'tieiastts tea a'aeintia' thuee with, floavame. Aeheael a, muateL 1hWo tpeorromossefw atooeIhe. math 

mU plata'e%4 awoNd roorria taot. otrter row. sod forasiva ie.a riomeacaism aci ma"LSo 

Tho- rovaepoouitio mavs losoesowom.d# thoo, pkva'er "~~.nr 

tee Or' akmmta'imofeiaerlg inalY lwi tier eliaek te'te',wtiorn 

it,, gtvutti Assalky uAftr %16vg lxv't furtawaL 

7h1' plaaot..w pw ml t-eaismi tremse 11.3 to 3.7 mrlst in 

&Anng the' phn.ing pnasew"e. lIhe. ra.,eas tof toooso Ieeaetoi tlbieklums. So at4alicon Isetaar.'sttiairkee' andti adhercrs'i.n~to 

tane 'stnl ali~ke ar' Poommutiaeel in Teaolel .5. even' ."eiai hra tedial lot'aoleee' tot cthrr varialoleae. The 

feats e.k V'.eeetv.4owas apemt teaerlov-. .4 ,yn.%4 .waft 

,'I.rt-04.I eAep.asa"M JeAR.'. 

plating rute' wao opp ti mafelt prreairerticonal to the 

vapo1w pl'ae4IWr otl ties awlugairi enal, at tow rmtevo ut 

&vew. tae the' hytingmi floam. At lialgecr mat"' od hydro. 

notin 

dpnecles 

A'n'W"io* 

114, 

AP""e4. Ocagll'ad 

,.~. 

-. n &lW, ie.' W' w-as Profitably noee aqattanaati~ 'Aith 

rarfeaf vatpow. The al'ae t.'mprratare' did not w.'e 

If$eY~ affae'? the'Plotting rate'a'urerat the lawmet te'mper- 

2i4.~ (r~t 't S4U ~altaan'a. Th1W perwar411' a ydrhtlage'n eeelflle', acaled in 

4 ve'v emall amsonamla itan attempt toa (1lesializ the 

vh Ojai teeet Mosoo shoo lja aam. akerwaseeaL the' plating rate acnaivee'aouAy 

22 Vet.oy - caualtionts, ise US% Poste' o n~ai -a. with a hamrnaeft of 

30M -nvf.. v I- 'l'hutionue' apitoo Ed faee t terrI platct are .lohma 

fx'#t4U 

________ 

411 Ct 

03 CrsAit 

+ 

VT~. Oteam 

(iowl 

fl.ovoe in roigeat 1. In S rapo fit-e maxpifiatiaen 6i 50RX. 

Jime. final m'reharaetea uml an $17, nita. to Aehw the 

psnv~aetfiurtet o( the' YOM. faullorwmed It a loroi~ng achet eon 

Ed posalae'eeem hyafrovihet and poraee'aam forreitmanide, 

Ialaietjiautioan adf tle. i'eepeee~ n tie.' pleate' wao. to ' fit p hew the setmeirmtone the plate'. Thee top of each 

s-rav soatey-nni. The' tankacinvue a'eaetitneant nutY lea a omfliae.,*"eeothe ekvv4ItcqItatrafare aofiron applied 

hitharto aenknuwn t',t~itle' ad a-hromieem. to prtmertilthe'apixvinsimter a rean~ etting andi paui~aehilg. 

7iov ,P..t 34 N WIC( tt.-joio .%-Ue2 

CON FtIDENTIAL

Tlq3PW fl.ypi ~~~~~~~lx e randIin, fltw in ani riflwn-nt (tMm SOU inrIal 

Jul 1 Rurrntrnildon. ~sdnme.a. Sim-. hmrnnim-os to( wiraih ran lim val"e 

X41 nItti.tii)t.. hiave. lwwwi mnamli tis apmisl 4rnemuitom at-rly sat wmill thnued1m~ast n-nuwkniAvy &is6. kMiitat 

pyrityir Pf.1trotigin lfimmucqwtutfw inpim4h. 411s.culch Oand %I irh ie. (timinds Simaz Im~q"cmfmemii.mac 9cwA.) 

tuhm iips 6m I with OmmM. ink"Im prrmahti platto nw! n-.20tant to V4iwm. 

make'. it aftiwnrm ieoaletfiaif ptmvnw romtke.i m otaned, limberr iuiemly p4w.io lie madls #tf She ectmilitions 

wmith~ the e~itrudlitwicr cit cmin a rn-aminajlc* snumenft ito omhiir whieb an a'llwm.f ct Itllie toi piven priqi-dies 

Awtui. Mmmemu-ver. hwntt-r att 4 Sx ti-e.. ilcvi -nincn it( al. can hm. olmmtmIowcl oft a rnum.muclde Mrt. 71ewm Pi~wsul 

Ittyp Olate 1; catl 18) th~at 'aithot~amml tienilmwria. zbeu.(aIn- hirtrstudylvd the firm ofithbe irmml, and 

tagra'. at whir tela itgelj (nilst. forther invcihpimsiatm it( od rathimilpm tit isumai"~ it. TIIIe plate'm hzave ptmeniue, 

chnintiam gwrmuivtiu. ptnt ass a awanzw of eitirliaag it wiwaki age.,.., ia ti k- "L 4iA &Mweek bL.. 

he.. ,,qAaINriud .imgittc to by.wrvcmaulity- pin. ii. otst prnotttivec~wmtingms(.otamnllartir"dcmuatouir pfrwon 

co~emmsulmn %4ictlomriig. tanrinx m'.cfdun'. ot fit mciduarmc m'cimvetiil to hard0 

Thce. plaices tif rhimmjeunt-Anirntimoui comiiclm'.hr. wrnr. 'Me* lin-i.*t pta. 6 iimmiiif doid a verry 

miumrnrl~ r4icon mmterl. iaewmwe. car' .it mipiiiggchmmikig grn'imain.mtr y *wmniumnlet v reic'ntrmh mumi lie iNme 

gm-mrl iimein"'. Wr.t lhave' hi'n' caieiilir typ' eto pI~me Iie'mm. fleteremining thei limitx 44t iheir qrlelicatiotsa. 

Ct)NFIDENTI %L

, . -. , . 

.. 

PINTr rr 0 

IMPROI'IIED IM.ICHIN." GUN BiARRELS 

A .wbb. a vvwy Imo hit. 

aC.NFIDENTIAL 

0 " 

qI

(3ha 1 ute 22 

STEL.UTE.LINED MMAiIINL (UN BIARRELS 

BJ.kF.&hS fifua 

INTRI)I)L(TItIN 

A lo HIMOUT ttaIt IN61 i 4(a n eainaa ""a "Wiant "na. 

t'rienl in a gift liar-I. folhicle gmwiiiask a Peilsitule. 

linrr juaaicrtjaan f~wIria ta.Is aau aqr alt-riniat lai wasn 

n-aflriale. llriealKnuualg fhlint der fall v tmiailajvr trid di 

all erMmajai lv-ý,'Ia'tant luiat'riaa 6s It tirinK teSt in the gumn 

imi witija it isl toomo ioa' -ogl 4wit anawli roafllittiaiia ass P4m 

Imar "Aiuta" atsai &04w Itita u 44a~a odrwifa siarm 

cramiasas ukat no vem*. its, a 1rwirala tw~ii noth a offaada A- h' 

dos PomsloilAr tea, th6ishlowama $iav4~. bil aoaWU 

wnsalifooaaaaitcrilovoiiu A~iaanaa 141.3 

enn-sAng crauqi awil thhit inepraning smin iarmrrrliwr. 

fiwawncrii. linioatdi'i tie ttiiliz ijih thi s 

anwl 26.2 wen' illepI'ae. 

1 

ncleat Nif( iiiit- All tat else'aat fvi$la i f4t hunrt inscrlit hid Va4IMP M lt'. 

ingeri.teati in wnorihint gun hartm'l. it wallnovepssnm! tit taprol its twelar fit test lin(rint na riaals tondlwnll WIetll 

tinilaal :semia'ait-oI~ a ititalsle Piece, iuratiriai anti its in. Iaaarn'I Stfn~aae aff- uto thagam wps intenahaai to in' 

,.4'fl it in a 1". rtia'al way% in a .'A11ia' weapsi. Divn- a.itnuisa ic Gar .os ,mliervltioatow (tw fairvnice- flo. 

alumn I haa haslu'aiarawd'alutht 40%b an i'naaaou-naaiaat- t slabiumlr Shat all vrue-i~o n-sttant mutleriasi, ismar 

aso itnev najatayisi lov.4Ae, tuait it ortosilil Is, jumoomial in, IassL naulli hkw soApo.Li' ('athe rn Cionrprny was 

a iratiorail fivafnnpt in a ~enia-a wr'apamu. tlint it wmislal ausk4ed in .%tiasut. 1913 tiodaeva'iaap"a nu-ltbiul 4ifinaaa'rt. 

"t'iain its plare' during Iirilng with ne rtafltiam. lot- iug sAwlc lirnia' hlaina'a thaia wameail tar priarticai from 

w~lward ar a'kw~anl nb~'m'i.erfaae~~lai I NIat daivtili'paiaitinzlll rii a:aepalt Inview 

a'intnictritjia. anda th~at a viau laarrel with mawh a liner ato(d tiroam-get owad fair iniliaaunn'aanet in Iaaamirl life anti 

ku-ith thin lincimwrjint snal ilim~rantinaaity in 11w' Iuan.aur. imutifrmulaaeva tit diralilaa'v.5 

' iIIlrowaiwg anuorhians 

fzaai'I waiahie fir-' artut-aitAl vwi4lr awal soliw 'vrh 

istaattaaaahinp ittilmms-emenit in rfle nuil Ist'wnsancuatoa 

its just~if anil-y tin' Ps'n'sa' antl clTairt nacaiiaeve fat 

gies. pafffwhorly fooe sit Pft 4 0 the u. all effautis uwpm 

etm ranint miff- initially loss hiummit uto thim a'aaiilaar. Fiot. 

tlcrnisare.it wais comaa,4a4noIiila'a iraha. pinae init izlly to matint. * 

tin' naeaa~iticut i-n ao( wvdilrstaa4 laaainlts. tam in' d Po aun s tu' ital h- f r oel ituraia in' imler to' 

TIN 1i aii'ljI~a ais' at lara'rtaaaanae am li 

iral attack byi hait 

ni- etathia xunns. onmanata. andl inpitaillatiaans ulra-pat in 

~na.iis aa a l' apaantheai ow~aegnr.waaasnlat-nci 

fAir he miumlifies. 

at higha ti'aitpfaltin-. andm rui-i4it wrar Lierf inlia- ltiatle id a-ttuar steel itarn'Isi antreiny ill liu1r'aitapply to 

in marehina gone Joa~rrnll amamar Imamli uwiihl ana l evi-191 ('unin (."uaaaaai pram-paral fiuer ulaitaaiep fiar liner inbarng 

feamalif ieaai. imurivtaiing aamaalie"1i1 aim towtnr t lit m-ai'riail imi rvililU't .4if tesi'hiua' pain Ioarmbi, twit for the 

untaamaliliM slM a'e airn4 u am an' aaoria tam withst.tana laafzavr and tva, (fiar tIt :ainrvraft iakarn+l iliror of the tk"themM. 

Tin'r *xpen'nta thatl led tan tin' a'ea'atiaiai 4i sign wan' ,'iniihlor in tiali till- :as.'4'uibly rainsimateal ad( 

.;telite Van. 21 as an a'nuni'aautly m.eit:ilaie' iiuar iauziteial turn'v part,, a linit, a ca-iaiaaiaar sue-lon, anti a forfaor 

mada-bw. ja vegn iaoaa-rh. leave Arahaay Ien" oleri'clvt'l wani seetlaima. *flaa linvr. hilaid wans *iapere'a1, was 

in (laaapta'siii anl sei 19.1 fiii' leralpanioat iad a pa-ar- pn'saaea zand.malinuk itatia tihe, riininlo-riaraijielandLi the 

tiicalea-igin fat lijuap in-e'uian in enialine loamn iaaartr'la fairwani Yrlsati~ai wlaadii thau'n i ta l iavn :na theaasaieanilv 

fiai prifalauiiiaiaa anal A-ri'ri-eeaa. is~ iha~rt ilvcl in tiler liveid tfurt lia-r uit i aalm-nnai pitia.. lta flaa faimartia ila'igii 

present chapter. iappliaailtamlalma aircraift isirral1. ha'c iirnar anad chananinr 

vdatetjana wer'ae initu'%rzl. 

F'iringK tat--t wa'aa a'aaaa' lam-tati am lint- heravrs' lana 

12- DEN ) IE'T OF' TilE L~INER I)FSIGN aiswa'aiah lv nAahi. ina %a- %aiaia' ih whatm was emlita-il 

MLi Ins~ertion of Siefert rrtc lUifle-a t'n-i 1mi Iii't.a 01iai. pa-auei ian 4f thse d(hagsgm, 1m-ing 

va sln'i lincr fair ta.,t pa rp."as. A'fte-r ialy few ruatnis 

FarlY in thai' ataatii'--an ainata-i~alo Iaraipramaa ad ii:1aa IxR1 fiaau ii. tit4i a :pa'ai'a pills -14a"4:1114a ai t he r-Ce' 

I ivki-mia 1. DIW )lt(aiartja WA I. -~ tila. impiaort amuia' ad t aaauns a tilal-iaarn'l 4,1ajaaatalo. StiaI a4.aataailit y, aniat her 

a~a'aatAa.iaat.tua,-ue . ~ I tt*. 'a''aat aatIr-:alsciti. .iitiilara tamt imi- a-aaiit Iilaat: aaia ainsch týp 

Ua~ta'~.aif~a..aiar.(naewat. taaliiaaag6aaaa 4l-aag.a. ad mt raillwr thianati lxatal pins usaaia 4 fmaia nl wins 

Ct)NFIIFNTIAL 113 

WN .9 

0

_ _ _ _ _---- ---- 

irpro with a, ;w.et"mm Owe w~ith otiti :ssmlmmmsll ory to.4 vitho-evie's fmrwiml tIspwii r (o5ttta mfino lamr" 618 wiumthe 

"61we. *a 

v~ fir m e .me,1 is&e'md nifme( Niemm m 4 m.,mg ow wti ammms i 4.'imI ml' mil itik-lflt nmo-fiJic*n wor-1 ~ forte' i 

A' tame m.IW~n (ems Ifw meirniff~ ome'm.A %-.t mH'mAm ymA gsiol zmir .m lmtorm n. Mielitia in flu- novem mtl lwmn.4 

ism winirtm to tmegwem.I -to-flitr fie.,.,' wme inmerti-4 (nonfu-m tm.-wn. loit haiiiis :,Ab,,mm.,ti.ssn himesitiof lay the. ,emepe4a 

linesAra.t .ml .otfe flair loi mun luIml in, ilkmc, Isv :I flimn'iml. nfltil im:natkn'I. AIms.i m14.ipji hirgm4 6, 4wowna in ivir 

mln wn'minv om-ion'q Wi~te a tahoutmml n~vvs- Awfwms-p" lk- t 

&Iof a 1 ewm6 fi4 the. fnrwr nno Iwynm4. I Ifinxn firing, the' 

1. . vimtlin*A' 4*lititituai-41 1w' fitritard inmoweurot ad the 

rrw.' meni pntm'mA entir,'t eAtti,.l~w ' vti ml pemeetirntat 

talmgwIm I 0114lite. flnvneiner"poico fewummrs. ..lmm..m4shis,, time. bwfoe mmltictiow. i1e- ,.sellise'-4itum.'lmAI 4 was, am..pted 

p~s,4am..ml~thliermeulm~ae.4e-jssslw,.s'q Amm'. mw .mniee t, isl Aestli flit- riolilviv Xif atiw-vift ande 

7Thea f-omwwael "swemnti-at marmwrm,11 no. to uem.,sll 4m Off.. Asev v Imierni.o no Imsm it, ASmqliform 22Z4A anif 

lovio rviilIif-ini #o4 frolio lm-wovare mmmAlite nl .if-A 2-A.12. A -tellith.Iis",41 -.1l09- ..'A difretaft fisae'-in 

wifil ofina~ermwitwl . 4 msewom in thme 6mv ruseam-m lay wait larta-m46up~,_eblz-v1y tie malwm the wyqlocate~l, 

ap 

so svisooss tho inc g m fnr howo~,sgtr m. tfeulh's' ow notmmgh. ni~ ~. mrres@ semma inlliIm m Fisun'2. 

rnigmg the. linmiv ..erfamee for ..mnrilelaemding weir ini'4Tm'q.S 

tive ini 5wrrvi-fhilsi tflu. (emuanl mmamwpotv1411' flu- lm' ittici. IL' irigTo osB reswt 1 ra 

AP 01"1141 -IM-1116-. 14 hl- O%' Id-411 -doof Ste~lite No. 21 

Few tife lm'.eitig . to(.,, Awitis l'. nintetimei to Pingle 

emit Ilhmmwor 'himtm ati twitrkrlAY sesiw'dew tug' PatAcl in 

mm'.s'rttsi ,*ribof mmm '."teIe, it wastn e"MAm.w~r t-3 utic a 

Pol'VI-e frlig osnItE m ila"t. id~n". ILOPei~q Ilk- Pw',sry wmillmm o the 

e'nlilwie' .51) Ase'av * 11.1cilts.Atinegs bmAnv ga' PICAu PUsPpowme 

tIne a line'.', tliim Imemmi- waps, it-Me1 in initial finer 

itest.. 7riMe (mulmeuoieKAIIT Oe~mrl)(4dwu1ss7 warn lived fur tfie 

.4lstirxmt Owwin lisew s' .4Stm'litc' Sit. 21: 

rpmsmul'. A lsirsit of A0 noinmiem 

- - .

OM MA)PUFNiIT 41I T11V IJ'%EK *'4% 

Ivmmi~14*tfit 1.. evveiieji.m. :it,,i p~mimm"Iui lt mmm 11a. it~i malmttrpa. ,.mic amm mmagiittH 144 I nm.&rnn 

1mminn. pilil. :m(Ier-tm.11i14mlt.111 

mitii'Ivi~jim~ .l~~m, limrnim Ih rim. wm-inif -of lorI Kfl~itn' I vrm'v litnimm :01i 

:33141 :Ilttmr 4-:1mh :.lV).rm1114 ginsia*yml. fill. fitiamjtini ,s,. .i~mi.mii1 Imt- Iflat- wamI' floirksa'.' 4p Id in 

*'Imrn f jirm i' *in 4It.lem. N..,. 21 Iairso.I Uuits anf ill- fir.t uninmrff Imamrfra. if wap ahmjll t-intl m . 41kiti'"n ap 11w 

arSwfl- 0tn'.I flin. 1;ini. is mwm"l it imisgll. '116j. rvt- tdmuwan.4m 11wr Win. fiviar. 

jt"imfr~ii- IIflmnc't ile %i.%Aniijm.m'm iss.eli a a"nijo' A)iI w~ig. Owin. "j. jmf'tmni-~tiitwm we"w Ime-ft 

Iwv mm.1,1inim'iitw .n I.:rtrl. :mmfmiotin In, :4 ift,,its 4'-. ion-unmin. %% liii.. staplingi v~ no' jit hlm'irvapt. (im, tiii in- 

",.*ii :mih V till' ,3014' :M. tIM;m 11l001411 in FIigni 1. .1dtt .mmr M imiple. 111*1 uilli.' 14mgmiilitmiamt ua:1 ImAwE3 imiii. 

40%4.r 6314111 immimmt. 11;141 IN-", ljomi. ON-a limq'm-mon'am gin.:mm'amem-y~ walml veIo-ity firjmmgl. a .mmmilpwile. 7,1 b-in. 

amum, - uwil 2d1vato-l'i sodYfl.' 11 in. 1A rs~inktr oftn4 micir. 

M~ 6. sIammLin- .uI 14pnu s mmmi r :am:sktivm -.itm ad 2 itm. ad 

I Isi. ErmmmE. I T~m. finter wnto ?Ml in gloat tow k 

4tniv list- linsi. .,I m 0n. Am mIi. tIlkn. % little io.-rfam' 

31n.mI .4g.( N biani 1s:.41 enuml~m viiii-j~i.ruiplY. 11m limndi 

ism, 

- 

:.I I'- ritermmt (4w vs imy ran.miel muninal itast~t. jtimwrtvI lint 

111tWf ka~r,.I. almia tin. Iiritmi m'mmtosmmmmg~mI. 

At i1t.011 

nonmtimi- ilk-' h.m,4m-lntm witI~im Immil limit advltut.4mI as 

$Jlt'mll ;. 1 in. jai.~ lnn -lJIctr1i Ii timmn-ftmr tinl- :.mli:ia m nrr l 

e:,tlmw Ilitim raltinm atil I1t tin.Imjalitan ImpinI .2 ilLI wall,.' 

8 

n-:14-11441.11 l11.155 nmmii I'. 111 filmwe 11:111 i1141c fa:.im injg 

a 1m~iget. i nk Ij ur Ih ,Y errk~~lt in.'i 1 

K t~n x I~i iiiti qwn.y 

,.jt, 1.1 liX -111mg 4 

,iI . 1 ~m~i'3 -e 

m lxatrt' I miii. taimmiii tell its 

Ii.,..' nit.. %Jitiamihi 

Steilitc- Nit. 21 Iti.tWm-ig i.1 :ajrrnmlimum fill" mm 

uIri-,.I :ail Itis hunn. kmA .tnii Il-immAgmmmINm'minti 

liaN1fmmlmt-amfaimi tuait mmllliIn mlot- 14mjilm-1mIlym tin.im. mF.1i pan,. 

i iiiar. Nit mmnsu-n-ownminmlm ut-n :m~miviiimh.l tam fill- v'. 

a I.:Mi-4 4 

1-11211 mmmi 1 a ii mailabl mI linemr mmismim-riamIImim 

lu.0i 1 :tml ;111 N11(:Wi,~mmil.V t imi,.mrtmIA. Dii fa 1mmmm * 8 

maillmma zrramitii~~ttin %%jilt the' SkthI .'gk-rji. Owiminunn.I ( a 

(mir i In Crn -. mm Vonimmyan tmip taiii iza.n - Anti.% frinota 

ran1 t ,.m tw litm-ritiim t-:mui m tirligisrh imirt - unit- 14iike 

I.,y and vvviitymfm miri. gm #oimpml mrja Iif 164m - mliam-i i.ia 

n-I'. mm itiim-namimitui -mfirm-i -..illn aimnit ingN:'mt-m*. Net" 0. 

ii.s INfPi-:' l imeymia" eit mm'Iaim-I ivill-I.tug I ij~tin'r- I. ng h 

ni :i- 1h*imtlst-m.Imm *J jam. lug,. Y n . fm;it i iicm mnmislerImnmiL 

'Ill it til- fi ili wav- N- v loa ;1l '.,mv r its "#-. 3. Tm-.i 4 -4 1m, %' 2314 1. l~tm i,t r.1m "'h~i4 

ilr ~stm~r. hii mhadml. r,,mml I... *.

sowrt was 1m144m1o hIVO r~a~ing $tlje- No. 21 inv., a fIts. In tim mrla id tile finae. 1 IamM4, afiter tweltv 25atid 

A.lwat. hal.., line-r ooao in-riaw"l in an ainir.ift loin- n...nal Ocrimi;m. n-~ r.AK amisailatP nos~igniflarant 

Mi Awl maulaijrt-4-.It ta firing Itest. In l1w. light 4uin-raft 

harir thi- moora fi~n ..-hehala- so. upre onI. lt-w l'.-av 

vE4i-6iYdrit #a itlotr h.ai air riM1. hail im-mizrmI. W~ith 

the a.taral,-iril afef louawfn. veivai-gty It-* 'lerrewmarr to 

livarv vw 41 - W .* A ploobaisamm. tent s at tIW)IfPP hllieh~atln~pulmnh di~ 

4 

mee an. iarl A,iWvu4 that o..-w, a wmvoltoli vkan Imm two. ?Mni~mit gtnmpo 4.11, Irn...a inamiL"). ASS 

~mra-a Awl that the Iu,,dM faihrel Inq ...dlaninx ad1 the .u-h n ItY a mnoin-in tn'r. tIMe rFirtay 41 hti-t wSA 80 

salarel mm-irrr vi11 nmtr the nauzil..Tm .wIa'nla. ae. ina mnirl (60-yhling ( Jefol (hiringl the .1,0r10 CIOoaai 

law wioniia! tria olith lineal air-ra(I lImawi., eit- i-io~n rimislo-o.lu- th rtlhite-li,.inerd lm and the &Amisral 

u2M onmawl gvitiamaq tihrtbnmnpbleinsaamnglIs, p.-rr-an %no nave *urwaawly least than the initial 

t- V K tp~mq, ~ke gcolop noraitolg Old 3&1`114111u1 tAIW..,INOuIla- 11.4f anul. Voifh thwlmeartail eltm i 

Imarwo. I nuinastt.apau,. to the firing trial (Chitw- Itrn-l n-I. after tail twnv a-ianty~ rompsn (CYVf cantlkt thsr 

huolk-o i.. -.nn-il a Itarget an-u 443 ft in diametorir at 300. 

y iI anal all criminals kv.hookle. laring the lejurth and 

tv~ lif1th Imirol.. .41 thme ,.e.-wnw 27)t-nramol roimp. The firing 

tro44Emt on fl- twit) .. ellite-tiWl Imam-lu. was ",trailY, 

tr."olin w~m -il tift-r 3011) ,-riw~on rumitu.. Thi* fiming 

orlrthle ao iotore-rvivlios lt Jxwthe flill PaitrMalimfilw.. 

of throw atamnyim. 

* TI') TUE. CUlIREHI .-W AIRCRAFT 

N-ed (or Inmtlorovttntim 

IFxtm-rti-niu in i'trmft .-uniloat lay liuh the Armyl 

jI inih.ut.-. I that ILAT44I life andi ita-rf~mrninnn.r of the rmular 

r~uhjlm,- .Y0 ain-rait wncuhine win Ioarw'l were in- 

Vowoima 4. It-orift 1~W- memo m,..natio G-. to..e.4. aremt1vl~ ii... It,:vaici. (of the ..p.-rl and rn-ngrj vara- 

Prlatir -a CGiatu'.-o 41 W.@t.#4 law Atioo I144.1 arn- rn-titmnNl in taluac-.-t4lmnne aruinlota. Molvartnent 

or1 Ilia l166i--.p.-ril larru-t hitintic time fittt-io-4Rfiglt of 

N&. Wz is the rhmilt..m-to- 7-4n. line-v. flora len-trima- ii.. 1141141. 1-,11 uu 1 ON.It- 4s..wte,4 P."Wl.e time-of- 

Inn.la Ppulr envtendl mmlv 111.15 in. Alto-v 3,1111) nuinllo flight. 't.I...itv ulmp oek-trim l the art-virui- of the 

own thi. ma-lu-digt- anal the- riffitg in tih- iinter wamn .. ilI 1i"11atlatiim *ughl.t ian-al. 11w- nra-ewmety Iaw hitting a 

..harp. awl the liner Imorr .-itifar- Am el isil~a ,.v a fe-w 

witaII gaitawnl hairlineormirfarr rniarks. Tilm- ,-.4. arrimtarwil 

mati v time,. im-fisen- it %:14 1,o-t"M I t-141%irfv 

h1igh ~ .imi. uigh m ir~t .44 fire. allo1 limiutwr lIar'ti of 

mn-r otatitonary targ-et A*-t-s aiim-v this tevat in, Amainn in tin-. 'Mv. whl .141 ad1 l..n-ratiag I..nitthiig andal .rifing 

Figiai &. atlaa-ko asi.1 nigh~t tigisting :.-t-irnat . a target luecjtr-I 

TI'l-at-amrie'ianal vi-1hmiI~tYn~ .41io lint Astia ii-y r.:im I.Y r-uk,~ r~t-.maI 4 .Lra-:at itirivo orl in thle length 41 

ai-a-r-ilt hnirri-4.. t%%,@ mit ii. fl.i,'I lt-.in. j1%miie i-4uuut.t- i.r.i'. 1, .n-I iii tiiaihiiwt- giml.. 'ils rtatvlar ezilila~rr 

ra,4ltia air-. Mew $tciii Nat. 2 uitm-ritalqa , u% .1tivn, L-lit 

Frigure , 11im0 

.143 irrif n- h I.rn-l uhi~l na 1 ia iniil ampo tin.Ier this aItiite 

1 t weiutviu.iani u-t,'ai ta l,, fr uu.utar .,i4t~a o .3 uglti t,, in- I. ir~lso t.* Imuln-ai an itargent rt- 

1,ian. .J..'.-a the ,.a1..:11litig l 

4weur:,hi I:.ni-h 1 % iftitu , jinn iini~i-itl faw thio, men'ovon.I 

.41v ad ,i~,-hnt k,.rr,.lu. 'Re. finiun... wer r uan%. Kium-i . %% t:I,. -crif,u4l hmitnuiig the life aind 

diui-t-l %ii i tullardla mni m inh,tiu,.m. AP 112.- io, i-ii pa-.fu.m-uutiun .4 th.-4- iii,:wuhuimt Kutin liar.rli-. If lbaTri 

l lnt ,.az--l -- .41 4 ila&- l I,:,. n-I- a.- :,tuumam 2,711 ,-r~-io ,mie .sI, Ito. uitiif:ivatu, t~- itiu i.efftivient, 

CONFIDE~NTIAL

wlolwe e 411 letli 1151' il~ecl I ti lel( haN40 nl- (stir fightfing 

fcell..(h Ilk-baise tiw' tof I It firing e-fee eon the~ o~ceiljfe- 

Il'wrtNc 14"thei.4jovf' and, SAP too .N--lu".ee l'rceriiie 

(reiutl I'. ift thpe~ IeNorn'leope- wen'ietulecte 1 

linesI1 leaernl jt.-I drorlo'.ele'l. thlu. tilizaijill i teit4 0 le inandlelivreit'l 

1) v ?.'toel-r -Ill, :i141 

nmcrkel.ie ertcieee.k n-siot.? huirtjtif Stc'llite Xee. 21 whein 

1,s1plicsl as ast hI~is olw slionorn.. Aesourese peppol promis e 

'flle- oncly ilinornpiueu orlucunoce 

pwaltee 4ts~* eml 

Abratin file efolve, 4 

i, he fthe lainlet 

id yi&Ewi a .Ist, *m~pnormee~t in fielte rs Nrm gwrt- seent wlaorest elitatueler wias itiett'tisetol Ity 001~2 in. T'hins 

hoIa.e n reaetnul life tit this, itupeoortcenfatl un itie'nl.$f-rv-v rlittelerr 32. I in. fien.. fin- numitile) wa;, made' dixistly 

itee wranlo. fstrp-, itn sie-litc'.lieteF lrente-Im flit#" its e'tfanatecrc ,toee 

lustrol-loIs eltmue.old flit- oliglafliters, realot ritfieit Oloiseet 

PreI oralkwoo, of .1nr 

w 

amokiIM 

Tet6 

2n.i dinrer~p to nwil oiIring. if tlip Inl- 

Wn wasi~aw. low rewll o~opowe pit wo"t P in n 

fin- oortrdgr 4 the lt o In %rlaretl 't. stot-'. Iiafiwso,- 

Ao, otlm as the "it urcu-' andl v~re ify firingse twot the. e-roioiss menoticethn ke'eiotw pew.' with repnot-ri, -ion. 

twemst-lljt'-hne l liir.5 f.- iinrrutf itesd bin. Witul liar- 

n'sheloln rier-ueveltllfare~neeigh feriermfirn tuhe e-pert.-t ~jog TrtItSI lts-at 

lions .4 the n-nenarkablle inera-o-r,. in 4wentll enlocui' mi 

fiern,.'ne- tit lep eel.? tainvil b les* itop. u tee. aee sherl -ente'iie. In: fortle'r fte ev.1tlitute tilt- n-laitive life Intnl Pe'rformn. 

t't,'nttt brvh -. lt i,.,. IDivisieec I nie~eb- plans. (Air the :film'. .4 the- 3,1e-16lo-lineol ertljlier 301 aicdrarft miachinea 

intneo-licite ctpglii~t-atin id tippop' tv-olts. Alfhimnigh it piun hareirits mimi-tiesl 1w Phv4iso..o 1, tose~wmtp rnd with 

%at, a siienla4 $Iwo#. the. feltcgrin n~l o p-rhapee (---et, fbie .- insltirol stpel loirnt'l,e tintle-r filet mime firinx efisdi. 

exacut lower 11.tttcit.il aeudtf tieet lop- ito Olitifcle- ito tit-it titeete, 

tile tSitecll Arntis lDivi'it~ie. feplleench ande Icevel. 

whic-h mighilt- herm'u-roedl 1 furt-he-r n'se-evi,ne it wrimo egtnf(--ij'.4tiEnltn'lcpirm nt.uilized 

felithath fl. th pwrw.neenfin jrfwo4 i.enine-e -nwits ee ee- a se-ries. .4 firivig m-iewhtileo which 1rave a mrnecusetof 

oumnelooing thiut it iAtisuki lIe ehes;relHe' to) fn-pezi- theinust~iet 

Avidl the~ ele-*M ig'eavoutn thaet iltopit nf itt Criet'. 

'Hativieloarrel porfeernmwettneierr'mltrsenw 

itg thteme flint tmighit lie usiede in Ni-ernltnt. fluci varied. 

Dmiwing.Xej. .50-3 (cifreitfr ,Aefersi no F'iglin- 1) ande (mom tie- vemer -viorr ofeiten . lng e~tintiretuue 

foirnislth 1mm-fe.ifew- fH~nhecine-'lmeprtmenrt :we-e-tct~n-e' lietireee cit mocirnete- length hosinetee (IM reamncie) att Irqt-imp 

antI in'.eueeicte Service tippliecaliesip. nof leer flitsiu 4(eneet inte-rvaIs (2 minii ipart) fit? sen-b mild si-Iteillen 

wanit fitur puseeillee Notheri impritoi-enwtts. 

.vrene'eiciiglg lisvisiemn r ti-kdel crakne 0Cempetre 

no 1fO)-reeiouIlot.iecsto with -eeeitple'te e-etelinK IVetween 

top letiortit. Thie vffects emn wterprmeenee we're alsoe cevil)_ 

pre-pare 212 lutern-li' jusot like tlic,.. whiohf hail sitewn ticte-ef few the '.'ti~enis typeps .44 chihepr .5 ammeinilitin 

o~tih ottprrivor performncenee in thfl tma nip w~ noeyloo ivlte- inci-tliulKIg ltl. 312; tineor-pie-ewireg, 312: curior-pirert. 

ity firings. Two hitineln-l .4 thee-.or Ieirirlc we're- for ireg inrend-reicirY. 118 cAndl NIE); inlefunlicerY, Ml; 

tes't by the Stmall Armse Divis.iterl, lli-morb torw' d I).- trie-er, M I ande M110; aend (other eoperinh experimental 

ve'letpme-nt Service tit(he (Jrtiienan-e Ipt-prtnowtet cmnd etnmmrnitiemn. 

12 by the fliltish Air Commi-siimn. nritre COmpetny Undeir call roindifitiets, bitst petrt:Putl:irly with long 

prtpart ths ereI it.lrinretf1brf2l, ntinetiitis leente'sts iftire' sot nutch del',iewl in se'vere 

file fouslifie-ution dof tndlce'. ste-l learrvis ýitppiie-e 1cr v e' onlett, thee otellitc-ljnte l ittrrelo shiuetioo a vecry, 

fhetflncinrel)e'rtnuent.'rlw inveee ittnrt-nt-eet liners mctrki'd stigsriieity to) tile sAntnnelorsee-l uierrelit. Ml. 

w-ere titpplieel hy tile l~tn" n te's lt-lit(' Coemptent (,mils- tlesitgh (lie ,etellite'-lirtt l heertreis shiaweti a miarked imoidia~ry 

of( Unifeee Carloiele tin-i Cerisoen Ceerp.) tinder prnenevrent in& ee-tinteri life icierstaneaiitc l stMe liert. 

Cemfetiet OFK3Isr-lXI), W~ith flee- .gscucul testis ten ivhstv *'steie~re'-tet 

life utare pltetueenwncal. 

feinne cat (rto Onine( *evpcuy, it we-ts petspeilile' fte pr~epare 

twoe fecreefs Iter itIY aend tdeliver flee-itt leer itnneeeil~et 

Mthiw g toe ce 'nicll fti'rtttttitt lue' -tter rete t ra. tst in stel. 

fifc-.liedte leiret-ls fliericig fthe first ltiireet 4e fire, flee 

14-t. Adde it iienal tcseliteg wats r~oe. fieliil 1ti11il okoll fceui tel-sit atic ttll'.y inecrri'-4I aend the lee -re ten-ct-ei eetly 

niri rees per dlttiy wer'. ua:eilttl~le. lfevtatete- tit flee' I. eegtij, vry Sl,le ewv oleing :telilit icotl firineg. It. the c-i-e of the 

life ttteei -tejpenior jNwrffernmrettes flee 01,l1f e-4ireesl litr- ft-st ifle e af roeel lee% ligeeew 

n-I.s. it wais pu- ie l zi t ti eliplY lip4 11es'l:1 MIS f:1,1fer 11: lee i M4ie 11etfc'l lep I .'1) [IV. 

A, flee ioteif ith itecrise 

they eceliel ip' fr-test. In terreriin:eoiem %%iuth dl -irgt i ns 

front flee Oriivnte e l)-geatittni'et. 1.51) hacrretle we're 0At- NP e~rfI itdceeeeti-esie eve-,d'-ra in 

secnt fur fr.,t tee flee Amoy scocell :erphs ft"-in:rag nege aut firiper 2& 

CONFIDENTI %I, 

40 0

JAME JAM 

.uh 4G 

M d./ 

Ism 

.- 4'...~* a 

do'. ot . - %S0 l . . e. .&4', o 

CON'FIDE)~NTI AL

lie.1 ~n.4 

.'T1I.I UAm %IAUEll3" cvf fll mA.' /lUiiCRIkIT "%KRE#. 

IL 'i it" 47M51" I*Tt 

At~OIC ILA LAIU~44 MjILA UAQ~jO A~rU~ V2140" 

!" s" 03 U.4. eson 

Va. IK7 Avel um QLOXA111" sm~mArB 

... ~ i1.. r.4itp X...314 ir. CMN,- lilmilbivit, 1 .n Iss i . C.,osinwi il*Alk'-WI I.w Ihw;stii.. I144.1 

75--T---~ 

0S 

1400 ~ ~~~~ 10%4. $0 60 to 

TI4 Sola 

COFDN]W 

w

71v' iniporesma'nvnf in ,wa'fewroinnea' aeai vrsmfleal te'st WO5 riendslc. Afte tlint it 46 1. sord obea c i v M. theafly 

arwelvltdo-On ui~a 6-s s.oanintaritivi noa fehlasnc frowni ites initinl 'snalti.adU . (L Its~ tea2.51.5 f;mafierthe 

caatstpaeuea. nased- trowith tr- a. In thjise va'r .qevpoo' esightim Isacest. 11ws nosavinit tariat" pattempas alcring 

prorheAhhthe in irw'ls atanol irt nmeoinaeaeaasaloot m ieeatiI 

esansasass Lo hlis esuiiia 4 the Vaia*wti& oJ lsjsýspe "Co"L1 

the first anol Pighth lootoopeste tie eshoawn in Iigacma)o 

Awl tio. wwqw~'atiu~ 4 v. T~w oWtAstljysr tamfl(s ~Sim 25.. 

rroloooity- 6 nitonpoore'clooioea'aa anti afte~r thor haer-st rindi rwn aes srrca na aa IIIXI in. dluringc the 

1oTortiniaa-to"10 vltWitva ;" noaesae1MI.1I iI heoa s(a Ilhe raacnaeaa4( thetetrf "ith thais lasrrs'l ar A 'n nn in l'gacce 

Worset. C'emtieeaesees. oier-taa tow sparionta k4-.%lugaing an' ct' 7. 716i Plooellitc-4insel leserrel nseif W.%c~ sa s~oe aI lire 0al 

peruafrdliths eaiplst-foetoooalieiptleavtwf"'a Iaacc'tosslntil a 

dlroop in dK re1l~.aat im ~ 

J1.131 essrvtnels ans asemparroda %s ib 167 fas a ottandlaril 

tolveacaltetaanIsa 

aaal loscirrovo. beat in walsitiacaa it final an insitia lairofs set 

wejarta'I feaw evcws.vo-iv velipaitv dlcroo. Ilroosltio, to tis~a * m~t~a~ Firen ithe'e'i;Clthe "Iceit iat-axelisi in 

w4too h JAM eb Aum tho wsawkalalP eswit natwit eel #lp lwhugits t his bests am& ainhe liact putiae~lela assi&6 t 

etefgolitas-iowdlor- Gcm usa ess in strafing nSiiIt% nwciglat asandanrtl ,attesal louaawl. 

r"Clicom 1)(itOeaee Unaste Cyir fit -lI. fIn thise mnsalenately 

Oticclnn'er 1)e'pactnoornt tes'ts e ian eeAMlonat. sth Isa nere wl1walaae the lrtrrn4 isfiedhss in IO0rfoootil lacrepts 

that were. sstand~ard ito 1913. (IlmniringiI Not. 1)-28272) isith twim~intinate eacsalinot inteirv alaa itwil eaeritoolkey 

,I~swedq thnat afte'r a esinglejt lsarpt eel 167 rmneee (nels haun healing alrva'lsepsa tea fs tselcorit , diroap is greater than 

adf ten lumocclsel ne'nYrlyeioniplete ka'vlaalitiag ixa'saeraas 

stoad them "ad invo a va'IaritY adroop ee1 neatlY 2111)fpse. 

21K1 f1ms. fleilittins's Deportmenet teaste can ItI aottandaed 

-. ced lenrewla fired! wi~It essnicaf ammerinetusm abawte-ee 

ThW eta wMas Im e., r MI41 lsi 7 no"m~ qw!"ss heats' an nor'ucst if* WeeI 2311 nataelo, While 4asiAwia teeation. 

Worm notale loy tlorIe Ieshnanee lD~efic'tnicwto i seavse'tn 13 Pesslite4ined llaaraa'Issshimsed an ataiinss' vlife uj45S 

aetiltite-isncooI Iasarn4el IenovithsI 1ev Iivislaen 1. Tlicose raaaenela.Na \to vIaaritY nointsun'nae'ntss epe made on the 

wveo-n uirrel-s atenseei.4 MS1 -iiinsle, tea Periinisa kv~shae1- ossnnolarl slael boireencl Not flt-%I estalitP-lineal Itcan'elo 

i"u ftsa the vstfgle reaasinmoesaas lburst theat wasa tirilaI. seleswtod a veltesity ime'naw set3 3f)psa shring thes fiineig 

Xuevrr4esairwa..sisrenunwpmn utdrtnae'sgh qemh Wi'ww tcee'wu estawnaaral atrosl hea-4%, wrewy base) with 

IMtisjees I eosamhoor"w niiore rerslota'si te'stsa two pn'- Ieast! M2 ammitnniitisn fAc fivet a' Is oro oinolfseasaf Witk 

ular satellit.-lIMes'a teniw40 seam lice emiaaees heslaide 2-mncim sslint irnervalo. tho-e' ixait.% siupoaiao .533 (pp. 

ot Caucus' ('amapacr tea Aelttain a tiosnnalan fear cownepar- I(Wootnifsud Haste Cmfr (F-1l. III this Mildi sMheaiule 

iemoi With uulks'i Yaetwaioi lazareelsa aI~ngt esimluits in ties' 

resoraeafwr peeswrunt. A P-N12nnmisninnitifn wesasassioro. A~Ithe' 

hoursel isa fireds in I(O.aeceeesl licareta with eurmplote 

rimieliear Ioletwc'et Ioieecso. Vdesixit anti L5(5'CrlU( tartwicsal 

then rses seait s'M vtras'elifoeLin lire' andl pertoerm. Mel'tsaran taken aoienag every fifth lincest and the mc-se 

tarviial rseilar' trillt-1ineda Iasmtsalp the, firing ewassltas isa rpn'asteda tintil a 2f10fpe droep in cu .- eiority ot. 

sin heam'li No.. .AC42 an' representative. ad talnt - cres. cito a maajurity ue the e'acaeculs fieed in a Isurcat 

pnfKosnanvea was a chievesi sm Ilci- esleslaels'. Eightf pnothieae karyhsskn. 

ctomhsneaeseia loinirtot.- qo4). 212, 301, 2133. 200,. 247, 1761. 'flarec' aselljtc-Iieccal IsnryacI% ansd three estceel barrss't; 

awlI 171 ro'ensaae. "gomfietvelsa, were fiedl. phisa 3719 in- were fiaced at Aiaeeak'e Pruviny, (Ismusnd tin this owheeltermithent 

casaeaaaL' fasw istirtieir andl vaesaliti nota5'saaflmemes 

. tawkiceg 2 facial af 2,269. neasoilao. 'Isk- 4`4ecale 

easing coseiueef (A'-el)znincmnitisjn.211 Velocity 

sdroop Wasa 1hP a'aae ISe( ensd s4 lift' in l)(341 CaRM. The 

velasa'st . al roopla'sI eeelY 1 IS (pe after ties rine st lu m l sa sfsnnlantl assecl Iaario1,a esheatnea a life set 2.500 mindsa 

4 

....4so oof 11- .. as firisag s.4eeAsukve vs-sw esel in Cite Ca~-. 

whcile the satellite-linea l anrsei.a shaowaed a life cto 7,000 

reanilss. Even am lthies nield ,sshehraloo ,teliite-linct. lisar. 

ieee-' ,s 14 3sa~~ ol 2-Css .4,sJM.Cfs .1es s l iat. r lw-t rr* re,s. Aslaeel neuarly v hrrsa' hiicas the life sid a ,turslacsd 

sI.Iw 1q-c.45 -asei Is UI(.44) s s isas tva at~si-on Ass 24 1.3 s't4e al ssra'. 11ris velim-it , vlear-%. ata fear them' teeslm is 

Wli24.4.) 

Inawns,5ass SMsss.I0issge 1.1110-S hsit teW Casiss c 

estill%%it KnsphlfaiellY -. 14 Viikaee 3. 

5 'C"a 1--. .IrAIA-os,sas flb,,e Cqar fs ilih~a Srla,sias0 . In thisc 

2c I1"" 1.-. is-,eaal l.Y a, ta. ee' 0- I.i i'Al.t.1- 1.e Clas. Cows, 

(s~aesssacef 

ss.-el't , la esesi ses 22.2.11 se fw loy ,~ a 

its Ce~-(a .4ariaecseaseaala'e' .4 c, aC . rn- t'ansaes' thsaaseea 

W ct IIa s.4 else mtass l nsaassss.w Case'. ts, wr.a'saoaa ktýIss ~iae 

ýjnvoorse-o. 51rtlN5.. 'aseaael Iaas-s 290 roossesl. 3:601 esesases r 

CONFIWA;TIAL

"S~LUIM 4WUKU TOI CWun.% AtaCa4V An ARRUL 4U1 

after"- Wneslbnt. Accutracy is' dlete-rmineel throughout (Gun. %jachine. Caifiwr .50.T36. Aircraft, IU.-ic; and 

a hearml tyl~ means' tf a moving taerget. lirenkelown of (hio, Mzfchine, Calibewr 50,'MT2SI Aircraft, ,luxie" 

ariftlnty is taeken as the 'stage at which frequent .1nt that "1,4 lit Bare .Asser..hMy preas-rtly in manutipptnglitiflettvl 

partial l3t.O.'skeyhoriiigis'ifletiel 

w.a 

P. n tl)-A( 272t bv'eprndlucc olyin. ml such quantity 

amir lis Politreul to' halansre the' Army .' 4 spply 

A pewithmt of the s'telitc-limei harrelie prepared hyr Pregrmn. liet the (Curt, Machine. ('~lt-ir -.50. Nf% 

lDiviotimg I fer the B~ritsh Air (e~mieeistion we- twedee Aircraft. Basic: preevidrie' that preislurtion 4dl Barrel 

em this 'schedule. The reieultee of tIMOO- 4 

.en twea .leeeernll ,!)-292-#2 'shall termiinate at teeth time as 

harreli' with AI'-MM ammnunition shnowree an arruracy rlediarementee can I'se met hiy the preferred lypm"e'~ 

life ttf M) and M0) rounds, rrxpvrtive~l 

with 170) rmundi (mn~ of tert liam-lee 

c's cuepaxed 

toe standard P~o Mm Pspeisar t u B IA 

stieel harrvels. Miing was cttinnctet us the 'sttlefff 

lined hartrels and a 200.ps velocity drosp occurred 

Estended Service Tests in Combat 

finally after 1.120 andI 1.160timinrounl re'spertively. so 11w first accroncy and velocity firingse an etellitecompared 

to about 1SO rusmead. in the eetandrd lerelste lint-d bands-leeIy Diviseion I antI all si'ub'sieqant tests 

larrelot. by the Orudnanes lDepnrtnment"" were 'so favorable 

Tees 406Round Bucrsts tBrilieek S-cfec.In this th~at it wass imperative to develop efficient memsa of. 

ted tiachedule which the Pritish u)eed Ito indicate' 'sist- iiiinidfiirmi ansi to prepare, barrel,, for extended Ser. 

ability ofla barrel for imnwpeovc ppdfeinm~rA in fightee vice telsem in ceibelut areas at the eaerlie-m possible 

conthitl nee, ten 40-round tearst's or- firedl at the he- mf wtent. A very Warp nitmbee- of regular bteel barrela 

gianngsfcacmimte.ibe ycli etedfollou-ing 

complete cooling aft 

was available few meielification in the fall o1 1914. The 

4 each 4MX.rsnncl piop. presen elf insertingn'tellite linen' in regular 'steel bar- 

A portion of the 'stellite-linsi bane-lee prepared l b reti'sthat had Is-en elevelopridhy theCrane Comnpiny 

Division I for the lkiUia.VkAr Comnti'seejn were tesetedi ojgere the hI-st opportunity for immediate titilization 

amths " hedtale.".ea3 The nw 1s hti I e in.to t1hesehaiesT6pronW'4itf ated W mFigure 9. 

barrels' with AP-M2 armnnvnitiua eshimed an accuracy 'Mucha61the'succt.' achieved wats clue to the selective 

life of 304C and 4.&3.0 rounds', re pee-lively, an comi- fitting 61 groundl liner,' %ith ereceeted barrels, for 

pared with only 1(10 ruundse for the standard steel which careful gauging. sush as shown in Figure 10, 

biarrel. Firing was cont inued ona the 'stellite-lined bar- was requ~ired. 

rels and a 200-fps; velocity drop occurried finally after The facilities' used at the Crane Company (under 

4,300 and 5,200 rounds. rrespectivcly, an compared to Contract OF'.%s'r-629) for making the 212 barrels (or 

a 400-Ips velocity drop in only 240 rounds witde a acceptance test's were expanded and ani experimental 

standard 'steel barrel. tSuch a marked superiority of prodluction fine was 'set up tinder at separate OPRD 

roughly 20 to I o1 stellite-fined hanres over stanelard contraet WOF.'r-l414) to develop efficient mesan of 

steel barrels in a te'st deesigned to indicate the smuit- manufacture anti prrpare and deliver 2,000 stelliteability 

6f a barrel for combat wee in tighter planes' lined barrelse far combat texts. ni's worak was comashowed 

convincingly the remarkable potentialitie's of ple-ted in slightlY over 2 mtonth's on January 13, 1945, 

the stellite-lined barrel. and theses facilities were' then taken over by the Ordnance 

lDefartment uinder an Army production conuS~aA 

dpinlt evc 

Adopion o's'Servce Ue 

As a resuilt of the very favorniale acceptance test 

tract. The 2,000 barrel's were' widely distributed to 

eifferent theater's of operation, especially in the Paidlie 

areape.anti teteel under combat conelitions' Info!remisltee 

em the 200 'stellit-L~inesl barrels' pmirepree by inud reports elW these test's ctsnlimrnacl the great giteperi. 

Division I 4m the firing sechedulesles just ele~eeilie'd, the, oritveofthii barrelover thest antlsrd itcelharrl. Some 

'sellite--lined caliber .50 airc-raft marhine Kun wase 4lfthe harrelse we're ttested by the A~rmy Air Forcm-s" 

adopted as standard for ~ervicu- use. At a meeting 61 

the Ordnane-t Cuenmittce"' on Jeenusoy 4. 1945 ap- 'AThe'scimnl.atl ,tMhrt Ielm. 

piroval was' given to recornmnendestiemsx that "Basrrel 

tl)-711U.'A80 having a ,tecllite' liner be approvedt few 

mansmfuaetttre ax thie preferredl dt~eign fewr utee in G-tin, 

Mlachine, B~rentwing. Calil's'r.54, M2. Aircraeft, Ilssc-; 

IAt ith- ,'3nw me,-fij- 4 the (t'.i'eeeet C..mnittee, the 

'-j.nr jjl-7tf'eIS) h -tik..,'eelete'ceis plt~etovet 

a mnetcut 'rIM isrw tstevehcilI by ttivv-wsn 1,; flewieebesi in 

C.sist "Z w1e aimm" eqfs.iv~ r ,emsetesiodarttis' i. anateistitg 

,i.'..inl tee .citite'iiI 1emt hrer% 

CONFVIDENTIAL

A1116 I'' ' Gwe,* -Uw 

~V~tL (CSS * 1 S I 

p~a~ :-Nei 

SIIII IM, 

* I.w *. 

*"W t *6 

_____a_____________________ tnw -Iio pmh Issiruwi, tfoo(Hstan Iorr m htoo 

renr~oiarl Dir wis fo IW nweoomftor wars n unt is(a oisin m eou w -it m io. m5,erv w~w wmki 

fooortrar ~ ~ Nt~ ~ ~ 4I ~ otfitIn m ~ 4 tiil Pwnatrlt auriitwt t owismrul a 1atrtgi'fm = nM rfri~ty 

furpifto II. ws 1invr, nt evoisstim wih W r nnntfr n tigowren vigh u d. Mae hir w asfisi fuI u r a ruwin 

Inwt 14th niaitnroi, tia" Djvniu,.imiteit ha 

I..~Itlie' join zllnm mansitpr q irrm m hnfetrwr vr sd..tdlite. 

Is/ t int fi Ir Tm Pwh. Rprurn2j~s" '1 telori Ihrngm enM 

ma ti the1"0 fni-M (r.erowvtieil ii 

I i 

% f~~~~~, fu-~ pr t: nrf rst w t v4 i ei f ahisminc op ite mp 1~iun o... v 

Armnwjtniin~ztW flos Mlr~I Iertuww.is to terr siimo. 

listed zInorm-1p h. i,~-n 4in tivre pm If Perri 

sitnimtheirus vi m zeilotuijt't -keiivi. pIbeo p~rhlun eruti 

tof. oflielnr os parm pnui'oIierr h in i t im 

1*1 SWAG. 0 :OI~lIS.4 . ,s...I.~. 4 nI..I ... sit. Cr a Cemop iiii lmny 4: t osihatz john:Iri I dt piti otpi~own, ur 

*. .11. :0r..,d ,~.,'iii Ift*. Ithermn n-flwli i ncf fl41 wao i n-mvn tI tt() sthe OnIti fane b 13w, 

I . NII1CIl~wi -.17.)ig r o a leint. li~r-ig CItoas Ompnhavoi I cprt." ' vIII Thi 

CONIDEtwiti ALilho6al4.ti"t 4Is 

l 

On~mar mntartimGw -tilir~nS 

luirms-0 bY0.-n iin flmlr ir

joiattint no isnt imflsikstielle'te'rmna,mwl time- los',t temmaose. UINV S.0? ialvage. 

inse'rtiisma sof liemme'le ael :a4mllgmme',t 4s( rilling tsf tite' linjrrt't ls.'lt. Ilk-. (tvimamamrs lDe'jaealeame't inmsfermalls: zv 

artme& nAiloo .4e4 1w,.,.. Imorm'ntiva awli rhnvialwqwt e4f #pemptem j*Wi4ee I tao iww,'.tigmre mmahoale folor tiat 

the'.et ew 't',iningtammt. maaajit. n:aea'elfea(4e'r-ne'e',ende l uvagr elf -6-16(e lin~eres, frsmna wa~sm lsemrN'e. ('mane, 

eie'veisapnme'nt to( miet~ahle iam.'Ime'e'tiom mnim'lkaeiu nog :Ii ('sep,Nmltlvin' jm al-'.ti-otel M',evera1 no-inae'loti andI fisinaui 

,st elfw t', the'MOMmi' al" ime fit- time iamiie'el miarom'lve. 1la.19 111 lity'.,. mainyIs- lie'ftliliroI .itsIv vlpo floe flae' ii,. d 

liaise ek'nuaatmntutjem at ie' ('unan ('e1ama1rulys pilsof eall eau.ae.i li'e tting laareh ftea11 five the' .lt' ourplant 

toof the' &rtwik'nlvility elf iannaafine'tan' elf timevse' a'eaeammel floe tine'hr' Wintols lweseae'etieseiee Ip' vooek ti'rowt 

lanm'Lp pilotsni immqupstamat e~elie titm tla vinmeaiwe Itstolem eleook ad ses olomas mod ehming' flth Ninvol; (20 

oas ripe' ,telfte-Fof fne'e rml,,~ e&iefaase.pre'.esaming'esemlotie' lirmet' byi 1114-110 sif a lay omirarlie' iorre'. 

mat nitwitm Ie',aa-iwlteart ite ,mma..'ti4:,'tart ' Imae'rrae' tof the. 

am taoulie. to Var iltate eaf toime' lionsrn'4 ncuriamel a nd'tie3i hoel .ntieg I*lal niatsid 

MIanufacturinmg Miedllox. 4v lt-anse a rrtie' im loey' eajle' unlaestim'rtI I.-A I'imtl'ti 

In sae'sler 1sa fuwiiit~ale ftile Inmfamafae'tsmre elf s'ta'iije- maenslallai' lato' *Ivme'tn% d -5seci j me'e a 'ttmue'tow. 'lar' In 

liuse'i maarmre'ilese that 41iemific':mmt naamaia.'m'. slf tim','uw et- w ';aas,'fm'ieremey 

icsgfl'lu weasIa gre' ime.rti n ie'eliate' rommilimi tow. m 

alms, tit in,.m ire fix-e"'t tit ilizattm qjea Self eifie' Nip. 210 

ore'nt p~nv inm elf Divi.'i~ien I inc'Iml.'el ,staaieve eol'fill- '1) TilE. CUIIItF .50 liEF 11 HARRIi~ilEL 

ecurrent fm~laemiful'tmailg lm-tI'tmial am'"i altemnate "'ll 

ejali em( aarppi~ug lhiii olien' ase a liner ow linaing as. we'll 

"'ti. Prepraratione of flarmtiae oatd Teisi Ilk'tdss 

nto the effiee'to elf i'unrko ne.tgtespo o" so' vaewuhe miim~s~ .Uimnt b O ft f~te'v .eef~tew'4W e 2? BOW 

e'hemim'a ecamiimpsu'tieaem* rustleing mallssasl,.. lme'nt trn'tt iine'r nmaterial we're' e'oemehae' vi in .t e'eilaerr .50 heavy 

nmtopot. frvlailwoiig iine'r lsength. and,4 thie'k. aaaeiaimme'- Kln lsarn'ive iete 22.12.2 naajos mattesl. 

no'.ois elf liner wall. e time'lo im'e'rni livr',4'ntinnme'et' elfistmed titan Wtar. givent lt'ihv i.'mese Its t Iel.' .1")ijrtie'tm of thiie 

liasrf'iso. liner ninte'insi tip ;,satwmse file ix' femm'nune'e euf time 

In a few e'aore'. tiniels tImme'. weme aripsmwe'ol time fill- ek rai'llgiur. Ad)men'rfl liaern'i ie'lvcvtme el the' movi'elurgent 

wrelel. uprsel too prvn'set I Ile' oeeteil a.tainiem uigmt ie'ltine sme'ede f.we inntlled~i~ale imlln'ovte'lime'tlt el li.. ilgiat10 Ib) 

time' estiltite' Iine'r fremeum mIIAn.'e'wing on-10 I sfltie' Nee(eee Vi. biaar.i. 'Ilime'tigim le'vel d ielf ime' umnaalmer eolf ste'ilite-iined 

ioretiemt shoring firing. wse. barittie' anal time' we'ld lreake'. aja'e'rft IN-SMAn'l.ee',eloeml jnS4','tjsomes22.3.3anl ^22.2.2 

In tinier tit insatre titheliblt lpf thi.. wteid, setamaie'.. nuidel i ei' t iuAmle' tea mo'e'rtain thfe' 'l'eraes dl mich a 

eof the welifing prxewewe're' m~ade"~ ui laie'i a-emite in litte'r ms4 flie' lire'anel Ixrfsmrninlue' i i le lf e'i~eay (28 list 

prcmtei'eeha'7 thout r'ave ransnele'te'iv eati.-faretsam' we'ilde. wiavrei timmel %itiih flea gortmene mach'iine' Vonr. 

Stmmei'e', we'". ammmele' 41f tiac e'ltertyl cad Ondiacig ve'rsitos 'I'le'4 nflsmnse' Depa~rtlmenmt mre'eiie,.i :1 l'ltCC? framn. 

proposnig eon thle' Poifare'e finish so( the e'i.anairsi."e' ct Ile'ns t ion rte'ra. A'rnt' Cnre timlm lFeani',e. miliamjtte~d 

Plet~ehitetee't' r'emusmlpeasce litmaern (too eliminaimte' time' thimoegitheli~lfere.my. 4 '~e Fein'e,. fetre',ght 

ne'ed fewt a re'taiamimg tnt I floed elf tile pre'-oinre ixmesaidinm m f etllite-limne'. haems- * v 'hmarie' Kiln Isarn'I.e. feipma'el then.l 

of aee'laite' too ee'l.'o 

'lime' te't hiele few :applying 'itelifie Nip. 21 le it p m 

far tegt !) ' time' .'Antlnmre''ft Art llh'rsr ileilni comet fotam 

il ,' e'yflt Inlf:i~t m's iteemmal. A~ filt~ia seC 1.5 Iafll'im Wsave 

Immryelo vv -,aoe, ritm ielfl (Ieel of imme':msetilmg.a I51. tesr'".m eIe'ms m~'il-peiel ily )ivsioitn I fair tiae',e' le"'t.. l no1 mleitimnal 

tieatm 1114-1'to haces imme'lre'atli e 

ls'e'n eileritve'el (." t e'et is sea te vt~ fit,* I e' Ivi)nln e e~m 5ltali'ne't, .Anit $s'rvice 

it, 1.31 :eand tollte'rntte' natia-hrs od. l line'r itim.'.e'rl ie~l i- Fitmree-. 'iMe' msttlit ,'' :' aremIrmim allZ&'ei ill T':ic 1. 

e'Ieeila A~lgngi~t, haIS' I r~ Ziig I ieniitAI-Fi) The 'Iie'smveeil tha iii,'e'51 11g a:1 slite' litter in the roll. 

Iseanclipig.and flor Is, K(t 4 %.-lacv' Ieme, ie'ithoa Is c:11'ei'.e'ilxe' ilx-..e' .t'mtI i':'y I,:ar,'relsiier.leee'iilsdurtb ifl4'fl'fl 

late'l f.'el',4311m 26'.2) whien~ line'rawle 

1 sillie'r dl.-igaa fea:- its :aeelrrile' life' and1 fisve:ail prmteit':i 1misi cA~~" tindier 

lismn". ilf glum tlilse', care' elii,'e'.e,'eq. 'Ilme' H'T4-s't ee of vai- mimarlfi~l ienmg riamilit ioamm e'ilmimmflt',, %,ewie ~ tit p isip e 

esmei.4m'tmulihem i'gi': fme'te cr1 sn me'f role, ,m 

Isce" elite'.,'eee'e in 

amn:ei' c e'seeejit'et.14 iele (Intime fife' 4lf lie' Ime'avi' imm41me'iaiei knim 

4 eet~e 1...Imemm'. 

CONFI'II)NTIAL 

Ills

Tinsg 1. Aainr np..6*b .. q. jilwv jv5 hmvn pu. 

cheeu wu O~m I. It: mriarus .ini ltusml: I.: r-iw..h, 

.4#v4 h-vq fjn Afr 'd , 

(31 rh~nomo, in the U~rigui mu d rrtmal Contour 

(.li.ttilviaina .41 uwriht! .41 the hmtrw4, (4) use ai as 

aisprefrvel lxanrw4 Novel with Isuter hiR4#.mpemture 

ttmb1 .bdw 11 L' V-- 6- %:prismllw, 

t han mrglar Will 41,311 vasehine via tsteel. 

le4. asilt,~ 4111t ur ut Wintral i estermal liami euutxng 

Itial .u Owl a 

S x A"t 1;3 a I=a rTt..~s :H the perfitemuax id the "ibe Mbheratr machinegcus 

SL 3=m rq". I lare. Thil regular CalibheV 

0 eSay (28 [b) barm 

.bjeu... Immrrnls were prepare sith buoth. the Garr and choked- 

2htrm 

muzzle Arhnteiwu plating ahead of the finer. These 

luiuwl.. were to I uned fur a p.uduh-4 the effects of 

twie hsm _vm"..A., plate plot. liner with and sithmat variationts in thet 

WeVght and Contou401r. No firing tMuS. erle made 0 

aa AslPtis toe Servic U'se these Itl~ams. Wa~ore the termination of the exper- 

.. ~ ~.~ ... ~ a mental work sol lDiium'mo 1. Uranse Cmnpsay eantis.. 

-toa c thm- n* nerIf,1.6firng timss a w these otuie~is wAml an Orthemee Dspartmse 

hamk. prepared hy lhiu~ip- 1. 1the eatelhite-lineel ral. -v~eareh and dlevelopment coatmet. 

ill" .30 heavy manchim, gain ham-I4 wasn ail.peril fur 

STrvier use. -it a meetint (if the On!nancr Comsmitte'aon 

Maky 31. IN&5 mimmemswlationts vim I" APPLICATION OF A s":LLITF USER 

aPeoL that "thelrui pqlv(ttS~bv TO C.4UBLR .59 MIARELS 

ista a tellite doner he approved fur, lmetilate mama. 04 to gl~ h 

facture so the pwr"nreI 4levegnAw furtt in G.... Mas- , n auat 

chime, irowning. Calilwra.50.12. Ileavy hlam-i. Mandinad ~ufcu 

that thetebarrwtiemarkeiiinatrlsetinctivemam.or,,' 

that "the steulle lined laurel tl1)1-,1018141 lie Plated 

ia proudtction as. expeta'iaouoli as. plosiWl amd siupermed 

the Biarrel (D 2W253-Al p"nwttly in manuf'arture,"alaclthat 

-m~ -itetelineiiliarrL. (l).-7IllISl41 

lie furnihed ane fw "Ah mciev caliber F.j N12 lil 

(;1Ma Pli usI~n sufiient barrels.r to rover replace- 

Meat." 

Niortly after its. adoption. nmitriato were &warded 

by the (Influnanc Dliea,intent to Cntm Company 

And several other liar-cl vunijamituarera fro the mod. 

'fi-tian Q' regular stiel h.'v.- hkt..nr Im the inorrtion 

ti %H-n. lint". .4, i.t n-c s~t tl~ite No. 21. 

As. the result o( an urgent miedus froms the Army 

Ujuwlti Forme' to the ')rdnarwe repaztn~e t, Divi-. 

.ion , Za. a-kedl to apply a liner of Stellite 'o. 21 to 

raljls'r .30 machine guin barrette. Crane Comnpany was 

asAA4 to pre~pare .t .sign for the application of a Sntei- 

lt,~ liner lt. she Calik).r .3 aircraft machine cun bar. 

re.N12.aneltoprepaeafewba~rrelstotest thedesign. 

This tivstign was esteentially Asqinlair to that employed 

for intiluer .50 Itarrels. (ste Figurr 1). In this cawe. how- 

Peve, the fluwgvil invc,.tmrnt-cazý liner was lighter 

anti wax. 6 inces. in ov..rmll length. Two barrels. tested 

at Isie. ('nane firing range whowett that the d.kizn was 

-alisiactor . v andi that throe stellite-lined bairrels were 

far outjwrlur in wnicuray anti veltwitr life to standarel 

Studties to tusnlilt lteitri@@ tstrel fiwst csparispon. Crane Cuin. 

Obain Adlditional Perfoernance pitfl cl.*Iivie.,l te*n muliitimWu ltaureli, fur Ordnance 

Gout i tn-Avieellatr eitt-r" n ti, n-iew (ýleINpurtment trta.. 

(;us~li~vil~ce 

s. n..'ntd Iterin his n'iwt(re It was. qhintblt- 14), to supp the Grutined Forces for 

(luiptir 241 sitt lite p. tf~wanvae 4faircraft ntzulhine inumuw.litr. it-4- ittilirtivetl Ki.rm~s ith as low a barrelf 

guin leair-nI ra,, fis.r xnts lv enhancved by ruiulinaliis jes... i-eit ai.- prail ic-il. Tvf r~s. "tt %err nvertleo on three 

t 4i twit4 i1ter eltfu ite 11w fuAllt. 4-:11,:tt (I' I Siel~lite %ililwer A1) h,:,rrr'l..-fl t... t...l in ninrcift M12, the 

Nit. 21 luneeli liie-r. (21 rlt.k44l-i,,,tzit eln,. i'hr.,iit MMWI )Itt; anItn''il Nq7I Iite 7..1gis. '..ith barrel 

phasing , thu. .svl ,.r ...rfai.. AlN-1 It 11 th in". r, eigts. 14 alipmr~iint:tA.Y :.8. 4.5, and 3 1h, respee- 

CONFIDENTIAL

tively. The. last lsarn- isa nsmnally ussedi in a wtAir. 

amasled gain bait was tit lhe tests'al law asewiithoosa water. 

Silo) rpm with 2 miii air essialionK. the litned barrels 

lasted OW1 remjsinds. the standarid [xarrtLs 4.511 rI'Mins. 

ramluig tnnthe M llflmo on, Mtlm.ia3*- grin hi. means 

4a an adapts.. To *spreaa vemirky.4 . w~ ar-&ainsaia 

if vilas hPat tesat wpm~ osstislaatsary. Divisioan I negn.liated 

vosmtrnrcta with twait calliber .301 baii-I mansufae. 

.1t139A.t f In Z93-ruun'i bassiats at 550 top IM1 rpm 

wit h 2 min air evooianx, the Stinet hariy4la.s~ twe #o to 

SMi-t)nisnlsa. the astandard harels~ M0 roundsa. In W1e 

rtmind bursts with 30 mec air cooling, the lined barred 

S 

tittes tJ.ahnsmn Asatmioniticia COmpany awl Remtingtoo 

.rmot Cemipany) tos apply a satellite liner "hiy a 

lasted I800 roundsa the satanolard teare 950 rounds. 

.1117.0 Uhen a 34h lined larre was fired in 

pesetical methasi" and deliver barrels fear tesat Isv the the air-coaled N11919A4 gun with ao adLpter, an a 

t~rhwsDhae t. sarheduasl td M5-rousnsi bursits with 2 min cwsaliaZ ia 

.1 Wee wwiemtesee~ie'hnes asi. ,mpari,.wa with the 75-MI seyM91Asalr 

pled hyr iii llaynraitella1te Comaeny in 50 irerraft steel barrel. each barrel hail a life ad 01M rminda, butS 

112 biarrels 50M11 lttlI I baerrelas, andi 2.5N !..l17.Al the- linedl barrel wan bodly las.Igsd in thais tcost. 

Warrels andI delivered the Drid al Ietels for Ordnance 

Department tests. 

iIISIO.tif: .IWdinfi Contour,: fWhen twit lined hae. 

t Aime preliminary testing ad Itsar. 

"es was sline by esach eontrai-tsar its prime tip varissas 

new desin featissesand indicate the, onler aJ( magni. 

n-Is. fsarthermaittilfed lay maaintazining I I* argeat aliani. 

svier u( t he bareech to a point 2 in. beyosis the liner (ad- 

ilitionail weight 0.5 Ito) weir fird- in 250-missnui hugsta 

tuale of the otaperaority ud lineal barrels over astandlarad with 2 mini air etooliog. they lasted ovewr 1,150 rmuaa 

steel barrels. The designs, and niethAsis viorda kre these each ass compared to 730 to 800 rounds ith lined boz. 

contrartorsf are described later in this repurt IVec. relit sa( stamnslrsi erteral contour.I 

tions 21.2.3 and 211.2.4) where liner and design feri. Johsonn M12941: In coitmnuous fire at a delivered 

tureis sat 4ua tul"e are discussed more fully. 

In addition to the efforts just describc-d, Diviotion I 

cooperated with the SImall Uses, iDiviaioin, Researcin 

rate of 2100rpm (cyclic rate per 204hat bussits 750 to 

811 rpm) the lineal barrel lasted over -48) rounds, the 

standard steel barrel 35W rtit.& 

maA Devoklpmn~t Aev-cet of the Ornanmer lDcpoet The rasultsuW of firing testa conducted for Division, 

Weit in the follouing ways Crane Company was I at Rsenington Arena Company amay be saummarized 

askted to insert satellite liners and deliver three barrels 

for a Garand-type caliber .30 automatic rifle. No in- 

211 follows: 

312.lireraa'j1: In300-round bursts with 2 min cool. 

formation has been received byr Division I on the resuits 

of tests on these barrelsi. The John-isn Auto, 

lag. 13 reir-d barrels s.4wed an average accuiracy life 

of 1.243 rounds. The pooret barrel had a life of 6363 

maltis Comtpany was askedl to prepare 12 lined barrelatfor 

the Johnieon light machine gun 'M 1943, 4 lineal 

rounds and the best barrnel had nol 6Accuracy it 

when tiring was diaacon; inued after 2000 rounds. In 

barrels Ml19l9A6 msidifed foer interchangeable adap. comparisori. I I standard steel barrels averaged 486 

tdon with the M1191PA4 gan using the =2 fla~sh hider rmunal accuracy life on this schedule (poore-st 400, 

and muzzle cap, and f; lined NMl09A6~t barrels mash- best M2t rounds). 

fled by maintaining the maximum dimension at the Mf1917.41: Seven lined barrels when tied in tb. 

breech forward to a point 2 in. be-yond the liner. M191lg7A1 water-cooled gun with no water in the 

jacket on the schedule of 300-round burstsw'ith 2 min 

U.US Test Resulta cooling gave a life of between 3011 andu COO rounds 

(average 483 rouinds). Theme barrels ad failed due to 

T"he remoultssl sot firing teaits catidslscted for DivisiAsn basaging of the lanrel at the muzzle end of the liner. 

I at .Jsahrnam Automsatics C'ompany on stcllite.lineai The satandarad steel banrrels, faited !or accuracy becaliber 

1t0 marhine gain hairrels may lhe ssanimsrizeal twien =31 ansI 440) mindso (average 3121. tImproved 

.ss follows: petasmiana-e (avs'racr accuracy life IM3 rounsds) sand 

.112 .lira-sff: In a coaatinasssmi tssrs saf M~lt esisnss sass bidging aaacsarrcl in a test oft ftsr lineal Iarrelas preat 

1.2M1 rssnails per mntinste. the lineal lasasrel was or-. jiuarea with a straight c'ylindlrical stlieliner with 

a'srats' tlsrosaglssst tlse.500 rasainas. wlisra'a.' the asteassl 0I. M-ifn. sssat.-iie dliamieter. 

sard ,.salhrn-I J.laavs-a sasraspls-ta ' kylesling uf 360 l Te n.,.aslts 4 of rilssunera Deapartmaent (otsttne 

rtsinsls. [in 27A9ssssaaslmr asst, :1 I,2M ajiai %% itla I5 min 

air s-ssaliaagt. thesa lirwal lasarmal lasstsal 500E rioindsl. thle 

'she staelli-a'-linaal Ml It) '.A4 lsarn'ls aren gven haere no 

i:lai 2. *T1sase sltat indisc laate O aat the st'lhite-lined 

t analuaral ltaman' 1,211t) rtsasials. In :901 rsaimil lmsrsts at tahl w'r A:l Isurail lati;na uetassry- gai lila- tw-st to three 

CONFIYNTIA

Tlm tv 4 .a 2 . 1A ii, . #1 4 46w.1 l ota l ot , " mf 41 1. . 4 n a uwo-o -i t n i . * * m i I t e mn a tot a t Ia ~rr p s ,. a m ig I tsn f r il l - 

Ina-w4m.. waithla~& 1"fismol -4 4w *f4 im,i-.aI 

lnA.-aif~tha*Is-wvw9'IN.-I imiqg .fa8llwingV-J Lair. 

rPimmitw X nt -U- w v~l.r-4 toIoiaai gw.m harn4. virmft. .111 Tuaos witWoaatia7r in-. 

-- wo~ tow....~' a. airitaft afmo.si ""IwM hall loref amp. 

20 IJ1 

S. ia 

JIMa 

me lie 

U1010 

I wdmd 

il.wA 

iImd 

2 

3 

3 

3 

2 

"M 

W~ 

Tda -.4 

1111 

rismImsmakmof 

so4 

is maerfrlmlowr 1M sovliorno dmle 

.11mtr af menmlot, CnaanultojFistoromsinte vlptaiwea 

malWis "1 OVau A aIL60 mosaalil miwe. a Iso 

Imnanl stioptah pmigraso a itunff KUW EUneIIi 

anal aaula.. alwaiara, mv Hinl ala Lit floors.,.. tof inupnmre 

0 

fill". 

na 

I koooo" Ioo-0b.as 

great 20ta t tlin aJ w rii,. alio .4iv,' la-I. 

l.. Inn4.. Iw (humiasnl Fiartva in awansaln. Th,. t.',a a the 

vi* u light 13 Ifllmi ailaa-r Al.) 1197AIloseroml with a 

linerhal'.".,. Autn failshim-li lsY Iiljingaluia too tolovating1 nigmnvzafs'.l I.y Olt- Itlaiolm.0t Id thai' oferl lamunt' wall at 

Isolow in Veuiomi' loll iotaianul an a mtotvalvir iharmuora StittalgW 4-1 dtw ipplicrttius uft~ .4.41. istir rw f :6 

Mall 11"401 laagth fila' tin~ag c a'iallova lisuaal aw r%4t411A' 

,q'oarove. In all 1-110 ths'(mse fino-l-insa ad tin' loan. la,. 

anjaltilittmlw nile,. aittma astlaa i t'diE'*3 Mlmrrwl wan eclim 

ligntmal 11YIia th Inlpimna's INlooasrtn'.aru at ('rune ('ann. 

nafmnal. 

Jaumia. so ineas~lut ..jo ;aiarral' mnmaaina. Won lusnw4 

laicitl aftio-r livixigmn I'ma rmion rt or W :raimnsweL 

tom a. $a'rlsamr 22A~i maul'. .3u ammn~sn with lisse 

aboma xapemtet nVM A-mornonot awe.' Pnnistaren4 Imot, O. in* .la 1.CIT10% 6W A SU)LLMT UNIES 

"so iigweil. ta o i rmu% TIv ') THE~ C*%l.1iIER .6.0 RRRVL 

althamaighi a'val tw mji~l asma'alstls. tIm.- intjmit'sau.a is *,lnap ill'romne 

6 

Ihainic Wairhm W.-r 11. the' Onluasorw MDq-rmnorat 

LU Adoption of lUnaal Mt 1919A6 Mrillm mass htlaasg a lii'.' liI'tirrft machiane Xua with a 

(fct Smn5'1WCo L'..tlhilmlA?.jl lasts'. a Writ avt-lic nto( ul limf,'y antl aver~,', 

high larmia-twila. vtelauit 1 -light Iv almi-c 3.5M (X*) p to 

AsS a "-alit ait theIm'l t,. f"~onhsalia tara* l"Wialsoaa uto alaohlive.. nausrt lire Ihitowr af higher-i vi'lititr'ii than 

vataolhife-.4in"a c-lior 

in 

a A l1,.l UMlIII9.11 fulo-la. lklivem'yl aaam lm'.-i.i..i nurn-aft n Itionstaaam. Inm r'arr trollts the 

by livi'.iatan 1, IWOlamIsrrrl wano :alaomforl fsur snmirr it..e. Ortnlsamne's Dloapatsitait fooasnil thaat starl lmasn'rlva wosala 

Alto mitnttwnm ts(aaait'.w ý,,njulv- aoams-iva anlY a few himialI'.l rviulosaa owing to Pei cre 

211, ,INS, fl'aaannorla'naiahin,a man'1h er Illala-anl paa-.ucI liaao-asrl e'ataiism unal tan' rllia loaom in tva'Iaity life. 

that 'lii' Blanrre .Ax-eanaild (I )ra% init Nao. l).7'anL, $,',rm a a',ai.janahamll imlpnita'nwt in Ialmrrr lire' was 

hating a Sta-hhita' liner las ip fat'lita. iiaanma..laa iaaljaartiv l.a. ill Ia';,r 1,I maske tlive wr'aapiaa praartica'l. 

mntinafitriiamn'A. the' p(a,','.l tL-..igt .(ow lo in, Gills. ilaa ()nlaamvall lmmmnlnta' i- 

rr jmit'lt'l Divi.'AIm I to 

Alsar-tisne, ( -1 ilt', .13), flram ang. 11 11 t.'1. anil that -~~l Itavi If lI 14 t:a Ihi.. luarirl. 

thePit'.'lur'.i,. aku s aaiit-ia'nunr I ('raln'- Caaalautuya ,Allt!1eqial a1 ala'4n (Aw thae inpo'- 

6aaMaMaau it Iti Iaiulaa',. uit,.slt * Its hal.. flaat uost ain nloist.' ti.l of is 1 24n. lailoth IiI:,t11"1 Iana'ell liner Id Std~ite 

111:11 "'llaa ivlit'-4iaia., Komrni tI )-711;??l'ti In ;o s.r No,. 21 aaaa a 4,aainak-fii. at ala,.igI qI-'hitill v a-ilailar to 

inl Imlflaaaatfi-Il :v,' a'~ialit ~iassa'lv :1, a .- lalnl -a a' a la1:a1 1a,44-fa a'~' il l I 11a anitst' 4 .( iarf a 

a'a',a Ow It'lfarn-l' (D-1)- 15591 a -ifi I ,v in uannai-aataaiarn' a-hlzei ll' 1xil- hn'.1 t(a'a Sait~ I' a22.21 and11 lml14l,5't 

aial I that -111d. $5 allil a-litaaval I aarni,.(1-6 I .a. motil li.,., taia m-1. Tat~l at .Alaanlavvi l t raing I 

faistai.'lw..ou-in far t--1,al lativ a l31A I'II3ti'a ljI- Na C naaaiaa -af th fIa.r-I 1%%as haaal liorn' 4imAhaaal the 

~~~~-11- Iaam't-'' 

a'aiaalala atasaoi-i-yul" s avtaaa- aman'lar o 

'$a~,a~Ia~I.4n~ 

l~als~ f~t.,a~t.-' .Za'.. ~ 04fa-1 INaim-.s boa thitvi, diaa. ar -Axi) "Hndaa"la (-a.lamltm 

LONVIE~vA

:enomtenitictis willih INII? junteje.,, r.'I4wli* tlnqo u.( 

4oeui AS (Ist, iuillofl %uil tic.. linvid ;mm4so in-14iWI 

si offer eaf 4111 (Its u sehiii .It hairti Iwei imimontetil itt 

til ' V-11nf* *cj flit- ti401a1170 relm~e. laam4st 4&'li6ift'uI Air 

P-1 hi. (ritns* Cispol4laktt jit..l tic',mrilovil Wc'te fitlaiI 

"sr ilt .Isiql n-tufeiuegif 1,1111P 11114cl frnts, else. lleiv'il do.nl. 

.hi4 Immn4,m. .louso fin th.. "-fiftmh. ulit. 'j,,aI la"m40~ lus-rps off nvokrLw .Imot - wrn-la. 'Ilr hue. e'Iecel a w t eme iiaet 

20113 eItuemelv. X40 ir~ae'eeemei wnmeas. re"O e'wl. licut.o oil topsoi. opolSWi the.4 ,uvr4.1lnf ItiPwo tfl' 15, t. hew'. 

dh irle eat4o a P141ie itic he' its itimi lunet iventtorel liw' gab. wn Iointsoito I v1l rop~lat lflitn. 

life :1l14148 'c.if.k to a umiloi W41welete *ntoi innsir flow-e Ioitimg life- it'4ing if( lieuc'e lscm4uc with, Atlttd 

Oiber ldc h living td *'ilnemnel lwgn.4wo. whichg wme in*. -halso-rlwn. it Isso-nn' -iv jeteis flint loe' neutulir soul 

fintv teins oinvoi (for a uciorri Itns-M. ('enter Cimoeauv t-epth cut haisiv. fit-ait hoeing. ti'et wi'Ve full luroit't.i'qg 

Iwpn Iset twi t TemeI-rl a Ieelal eel 703 sitiolfle-Jimmqil the. nmvtw.4sit~alttiue Gew ties- peurpuce.s uneol flunintfes-vt li-as 

e'handoIu no. 16-rreil~m,'e1144w~ . Tueof wde hhita-ii, temm4 "lifte'eneeien. Cre~uw Cioniti-mv A-Ptigc.'el anol e~.i~ 

noeiiitrte'lv reeplacteenn l ecteel Iuemmo tiser thiii wmapwot. Airewteil a .ge'e-i:,i Iact,.-iep-m.,44a (filling Itsel with 

In zukliftiem too Sher t-golar ralilorc', Iscohrn4,e, D iii. it irls I let- fbi,. elnu'-ie mc.aell liet varnael cat vill. In~ 

oitin I risolk'rntri'i -Aith tif*, Snhtaana'e Di~epctrtne' rn lnktc 11at Alu'nh'rrn Prisvioi,, G;nipmue utofb~mh., ijm tien r. 

leaitiig 'ng mr Cvoiwtepatw itt'qrtl otclgite ljtwm itch, vo linvol lertmisc ,np~rne-milat Craerw (esonmusnr to thre twe 

1113151 lincefrIft Ittlim- C 'A hls4 Wene. pnwieleel with met es(t dii. garnet. voil , tin'ts:m- l n-Ic. %wi6 Ili fluitu 4131!. 

tit titertniti~r thweffe t so mon~ism alw~ermil o Ulit- isert fi 

the livrrtewn ~cto. " eate'pliseitie animeeecil ism, ntwl tot 

n fsopl louririp-e 

()dnlcaai.-e 1 

with 4.eu~iur flat.... wiy toped 

rtr~tairt~eif fla tetol. 

te. the 

fine". inoerwcitl juetwco jam4o tIifnismerrtipma'et auxl. 

et. c'aliiwt .60i. M SV. Difi'idivar, misii canongetil ifi 

nayvivreted tthr eeatio~lfarvor frostineg att ilpo hoof two 

lunch'. 

SUu t1nme'r opthtsI~.rlC~e.e 

MIaairibittgi diflictl isil tceit0fee is fliaiei 06 

Cafiat lui',c fly a cmillimuetttirntio ,eIf(P~liie' lispr., with flit-. r;,nitss that war, fostinie itse sorrier it, notriltt ,tcol is 

a'truinnniti plating' niecat uw fis ther ir telea-mrilic'eI in e'ii,,vularrofils ta 11w. ltee trimn i t ('rune. ('iseupliav 4aft 

Moispter 24 1. twit raiitecr 01 lcerc'I-i wrr in. pn'pnnt issutegrl littera:eec rhniisther muache. eto invi-sttnwnt-e'aet 

wAithlria.e-lejinoaerlr~,itt,~,eairnlivad if i4Iilife Nmc 21. Itlietis.. ola-im~ the lin-r Ratnge fir 

I fi linerr, atndl ata'tlreyel lt lit-gn 4 onfntcetr'e I hlupanornw . .lieeidli-r i* v ni'itene-l 't :c 1thr hbl%'-e- v'til 44thr 41w Ienri 

Hosting-, liii.ti 

ate, r le:;~ a 

CaamtuerFluting. 

emli heahm 

Inv.,. e-rv rieeet-ristatit lkcci eo. -.intepifivil macehining' 

D),ficlar,mt wit.. uh them gifn tisee'lainieoe anti anccccfhui. I hravoigd c'iminaict ice #Wt di mtan~inir., Sposih~eiliti' ad 

lters jmn-estoai .. rlr c~.04.-ii'e ism-e to enimcrlilmsr.9 fien-lo ;cruei'eceec o-m,.in fic, t- fhlat i',c iu ire the. acniltr. anti 

vtit h a linerr. l~oitnex list- Iiri~it cC( e':,ilfr .19l Ieturn-loss& lice. stoioiw.e lilY is( ettciitntt inic th flie' cttc', enutirely 

regc~ieknosk lpir dlireuh with -ll . rtracetjecif sat 4-irtriolgr 6-mom Iuca isa' tits- teiwi' 4-eim-flivivict t of(rictiec,, ato ,ctrile. 

r'aw* wa ri rto ne emeeee. Ilse' Orulctana., tDe1mritnurnt tiechu'tleacIint-ern wern. hli'c.Icarri 1v the Ilayrnie, 

Goiteiul it teuvrovarycr too p~rnmieh' liciagilmuelinvil 1t1le'.0 ill $te'ltite. ( 'elteupcca eticlfer ('411t1"4 G Ei-f i t sr' 1330 seek 

the. finwa.cni haulf if( lips rhcunilmr tit reittit gam Ivetitut ale'liyern.l t410 '-,tne* (!''tepatu for iierinctnlle 

else catrticiae c-ace tit aidi its rikoiotuiesu it cii'r fiin-eg'. Aill licrnreotonle ciaa- ioi rat fl- h:ls n.'ie' I)ntextui. 

lifin act( flit- liaceel lccrr-I.c %ant et:rteecl Icat nuit rtean- 

Ei,-.Icac..e hisco~rint.. nswt -(-c. souew lwt i iv". nc 1,ue tivi-.oin 1. No~m-e t 

%)f thew-.~ lmccrnL., -imetild tie remi- 

D.ICII, .. 1.44.., 44ie,.e-e tcc I...m4. b.. te,4. IccIrfeel :1i11l tvoteeI. 

CON FItflN-rimA.

Chapter 23 

NITRIDED AND CHROMIUM-'PLATED MACHINE GUN BARREIS A 

By P.. F. Osborn. 

o I'ITLQPMIINT 0 F TIIW NtTltlnw.' 

CliRtMIUMlitPIATI:D CALIBE _W.l AlIR. 

CRAFT BARRElL WITH CHIOKED %ITJL'FtU 

which ha,.nerifent re-ioll om~s~are.waotoremaia 

aessa the origi~n of rifling long enoughO to impo ve the 

velciaty-1ire ',( III;* IuanM, the metal of itha anda 

SaL lsidut under the cirnsmium had to lie mom emaitteant to 

swaxpa" (.s-eio0 10.&.) than WL) 4150 ateel.'s-1 

D T# PMMMwI t,. soaIiw pa . mw the Imes Lnt this respect wam obtained! hr hattie, 

plientirtof 4dr sj-tssmatnatecusi. fIhe develop. tirin VD 14 150 site'! : the di-velopmncnt of imprutved 

meert u( lrorrta With a A.Iellte liner has just her'n lauwlas was that a large stockpile u( barrels mde& at 

sleorrla'sl in Chaipter 22. ?imilar o5t't'155 with ealille' 

.30 aircraft barrels, was achievedl by tire of ehrunsi.this 

steel was an hand!. Byv nitriding and properY 

rh'sse-rium-ptating them, an inmproved heirri could 

urn elertrup~ite on a hiazdenesd otc.-! borr. 71bc dt' theirfore be "hinincI lhrough the usme of existing 

voloaprnt bý the (:eophyiral Laboratory and the Awsok 

National l~aren Fsndar*td lisiaiarltcrutis. VFaperoimeras with plated steel liners in the heavy 

tam-platdcal ahisrt S31 airemit hairrel With a choked mLsaaw4 hid inhown that the qofte.-, LC (low ftis 

muaule im ds'r'ribcrl in this chapter. Rtoeth btarrrl Were tion) chromium nrs'sncd retmoval better than the 

asloptcd-" '" at the sean* time, to stapersede th.' reg- hard. IfC (high contraction) chromium,* as mn 

uaiwm steel hern'! for Service use. thie stellitc-lin.id as tisined in Sertion 16.3.8. Arlheioofthisdt plate to 

the Preferred barrel aind the aatrid soie, a thwuaiwn. steel. hows ever. when applie to the Culil length a( the 

plated barrel Mas an alternate. Th e ed! Of 'sA* Air SileraS& ISemueL WAS 111"01 Cmuait*Nfty Co and it 

Form, and t hose o( %ur allies for an improv~l calibler was remover! from the bore as rapidly, or often momn 

.30 aircraft barre which words fire r vcurately rapidly, than the hard chromium, which was there- * 

throutghout long buists of rapid rrp, 6a disrumswrd in foe, satndar'Iiaed for the aircraft barrel. 

Chapter 22. Inasmauch es neither nitriding nor chromnium-plat. 

.Vs soon as Dhiision 1 became fully aware of this ing involved criidcai processes or materiasa, it was 

need. wshich was early in 12U,. the de,%elopitr'nt of decided to treat the full length of the aircraft barrel 

the two types of improved bsarrels was initialed and rather than use a liner. The principal Atepa in the 

proceededi rapidly as a result of itis previous remearch proces of transforming a standard, siteel caliber .50 

on the fundamental aspects of erur~ion of sterl and machine gutn barrel into a nitrided id chromium. 

c''onisum-plated steel guns and oin meanns of nitirit- plated handr With a choked muzzle ame illustrated in 

ing erosion by the u.'e of ecrusion-Prcroatant nrateriaLs Figure 1. 

Pilot plant prouclutine of! the improved barrels was It was foutnd that tht main impnwrver'nt, of this 

undertaken by the W. It. Janits cmo.. as derserilaed in aircraft Isarr'! was in acetarey -life. as is brought out 

Chapter 25. in Section 23.1.4. T`he accuray-life was improved 

Experims'nts with plated.trrlO linens in the s'iliber largely htecuisse the intuazle section of the bore was 

.50 heavy hsrrelP vhowesl that if chrrsaasiusn plate. chsrk*'il andI lxcause this ehokc remained on fir'.ng 

3T1oph".1 sn wi~t -6srjss '(runt C'. A Man emwt 

sowing to ther lacsk of eroasion of the rhlirnitam %urfmce. 

In 1ssllitisat. tIr- Velocity-life was improvcd When 

A-0.1- by~ F.. F. 04,t wr, bt..t..sno anm sathse gr.stito.ij hy 

J. ~ ~ ~ ~ 

t'~~I~wI"~~..4. (f9 I It5,s.* ~ w .I"ie trSist,.rs 

.dl,ý,,,asmr. 5'laf.413s't ~e.r5.s~ '1~.i 

*VCTV 11111g ,rhe4hc" %%ered ues! because cirormi. 

n am o.fhaW tayel tin ilk-' bre vrssrface at the origin of 

riflingt longt enouigh to serve as as protection to the 

lovt'-. tel, and ls'cvtu... asitr~isixr ofd (lhe Mterl minimise's 

X"Ws.. 11Ws.. j,... ale (fle 

OW11g1 

him.('.l.s' 

-Ise CONFID INTI AL

Tilt '411MRIDE. rIIlolRt~ll.PL4Th-D AWltN 6T 04MRR9l 459 

SIY~S6g gps'~.arnse U f*Y 

'Ne 

~~ow Pig sm- 

'LO eveomndf!~cc fr r"t W arlwwatiw UU Ma 

Nitrde an hoimMtdsrel teotiewsatak sih datgadn 

Di M*..-ttn *il teght h arl.Teicdna ird 

oftebechtn6o hecabrws on on 

intrir o imetson th fnihedni Avi. tro n dstavnae 

miu-patd arel wre oninalyIhage as t Mor nitridin. wrý t barlwa he laned fareeo 

serhcntrinued, the Cha rmiu ngmatte either to geae out aderwnatuippm if liht had ben tae, ddimng 

impr.aovethepromneo tehr rt 

production h hneddntavm 

ifý Iip lt",te barrels to thebarel Thei rincidentthe piltrdg 

whr d path brreehtrOW d orth cha mbr25%er walso tesued forb 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o 

performance. The trend of the changes wna to de- hardneiw and straightness prior to nitriding; if the 

creame the bore diametor at the muzzle and tj in- hardness on the outside wait below 23 Rockwell C, 

crease it at the b~reech, and to increase the tolerrice lthe barrel wasn not usced. In the initial experimental 

at the muzzle end. The developnient of file final s-pec- plating a strest-relieving procedure preceding nitrid. 

ifications (or ditnensionit is giv-en in detail in "wrtion ing was usedf, hut this was abandoned %hen it was 

25.2.1 found to be of ni, Agnigwcant advantage. 

Inasmuch as nittiding processes differ somewhat 

Xt-MII.Nofrom 

Nrrl~~aposit 

Nitriding of the lianclse was done by both gas 

plant to plant, anl the initial hardness and conion 

of the steel affects : he hardness and depth of 

the misc, it was desirable to tiet lip a specification 

Nnunoniutl and liqtiid-immems-im ittthcmls, lthe for. regarding these Itwo Characteristics of arcae. 

mer Ilwing ti,.esl cNchiI.vely in pnxldtirtin during the In generalithe higher the initial, or core, hardness 

war. lt'.nihwas done on vatioums thrnes and tern- ol' the steel. lite h~arder ist tie case, looth near the sur- K 

petratie., of i~ilogh~ Nitritling, by a cycle farr'and at deth-pl. T"Ie marbon content als )affevta the 

c,,,naon at tlite Link Ielt ('ontipnu. 111iiadelplia, h~ardines.1W~j initial harnlne-. of 2fml an 36 Itivwell 

Wa.salulprmled w ia a iasttov 'Ilir rn-Is,AsandI- C', the l'ardnetom 416- ca-Ae at 1.L)11) in%. Is-low the imair. 

inst vertically, uvare hell at 950 F for 33 hr. .%ll sir- face i". of the urler u( 50K) anti 6M.t mierrviekers, 

CONFIDENTIAL 

41

ò1TlI1WIb %%I& H.-4,11, 164-Lt'CII -Aq.a% GON R WOKY.U 

nflanrss-Ijy~. (.w WI) 11.7id)Iii-f ssisrei.sil 3S fir at 

i~~dI ~~~. 

le,. 55Ili5glwzsiss.,lt~,ii~~t 

e~~raslsate 11w- rrljfi-ir.". -o( 11W'flt 1iI1i5W 

l. 

Ni.-AUri,-atstist isee 5l55 ient-lmrdlbl.s I6hn :qcel 461Wi 1I1 (11 111e I lie- isssi. to INl*. 11-M.-Asrrh. 411,-rvillsi' ill~t~i 

su~* se:s~t mn iiii th' I 1 .I~s*tsni.-rns~irki'ros 2.1.2. thes ltinse .1a-eifieelisto 48As .Imi l'e-.Ite0 

6ha..a.-. fv-4e9." U-ie~e a p"A .-Is-.i v.-q"i eel V.4 Aib 

A I .v wiee lwn ILr-sl-. slei4 atg,-r nitidineig :*4 for in 

annussosI-t i- A-esiant ine Viosn 2. *1,.- tie-etatsis- se-lx44h.. 

W.jrvn co 

4m12ea 

.- a55s "-I till mar Ilia# tIes- Isanile.-. ,.l .1.ee len- a 

omnusssnt sit 5M1) VIIN' at a.4sle-pel 41.3 II.oEI fl.41112 is 

ixt 

exi~4~I~ 

64"Ou ,sdw,. awiL a uuiWmM&WM e41n M.S i at a I'irissgc .sh-lu'lo- am altasol 6 floomposiminass it toe 

telih 44(h.dtl~lIuin. Walt nrltifa N6 i ý u l wr 

_____________________ If. (4w -Na'lit5II law 6"Wisn a e-0immommoo, lIminivtoi k.y-y 

I ~ -. lee 

elsssg. lee-ir-m. entv NO Mosat e420li8064- Itildi to 

&I S alwsa- 0 kAv Ns~r I m-n a.l . Ile I*-e t s l mA nesJ mint a 

... ,* ~ ---. I..-leam4ii. -p'e~lslslll nwel flS4 isint no, r15haner 

vs40 - - iie-is.I- iw mo-to .Is-,nids f-w .es-iwsil ""'~nssn: (III Itt 66 

"Inmotit~im.a lamIk .itu #my-lwSRdVeysilna emnvsin,-, 

few- that can 11e l.u i-to til i ja ejqeet !simp; (-1) a fileing 

4kt&" NNem0 ae wlermth n aleninvas can -Is for, s i. onky ~asnr the- ans 

~~ 

*~~t... ~th Plh wet-lines ro onvlee I les s--sesn-imslts that it most I* 

flat fcar mom-eeecsl fesan 1mlaith pmrutws anti that it ps-s* 

Tie, mareinn- fsw c-lie--t-sqeelic~sing anse ti nseeorisns- seit .pltairninl no. tucsssI tit-4nirse isblitioinal ieefuuseca 

pllatint -lm. i :airsf-vAf Icer-el. ile givi- 51.5- lmwst ls m - m o I ii-t rwfornieeass- u(f tOe humaot- pussmillip. 

,Iiturcn.-.acse, mun tliii. s,... :esel igslalIev~ id e-lornonliss In till. 13 ediITs~e-n fiinsg e-shs-.keh- %ner nwise Is% the 

vhsio-h stem eli-irs-l na.. %%wesk4I pillt 1icrj*4Y I&Y 11iri (4e.eIq.ie-" l Asoratscry all th- NsrvI nnsw at varimaes 

1l-1virsnwrinsc-aI -sg.eit t11 N:Ili-i~al Itaion-in .4ofIn is ioit..ssnig itls psosrentin few rmompoorieeg enhilwt .50 

Mimuei~sla"'- cel p kI .-. I il sq1 *I- ;telc-v 21). Imlno ss1es-= ct4-4. arsi A fsew tsetw Ititt-4%s iee-I a. a 3mctlt-ccsns 

ies-vol A ne-ms ncmiseb In m- t~.lkosIs4er-jlr-i.6 Cewl.5sr-aoism.. 

.Isnssng INe- geelcsl-pjacs oapcg- ill. letsich :Ase-iqIe 

lcc,. ae .4nsI h..-ifu -ejee-al Icsem4A. Er" ill t1w firnsg 

-ehi-slsl-,- nwe. givene :e,. iemsl-rovist'v .ýeiIseI. vpeerlot 

ss-.s-a-.cn iwcgrsoms p. v:s,s s-:srnal nes is, irs- is. m-aliuslelies~ 

~ ~is-. ~ ~ uis..sc. ~~~n Iorus- Iecs 1)1I61 ill% l.r.-e~s- 

.1 X lI~t~ (2). '11,e .sI-qsolr. 

. - -.. 

l for Iwrit-fly tte-4-rilu-q 

%%$Ill si cm:.. ,Is-,risI--!-dIn n- .Ii.sc0es4 e sit .i.-p.- fesnkseel is. e 

-111. itse ta, -h-oss . l 1~~es-limaiA Ie-1 hs*I$ - li 6s.11M lId-s - 0 *4.- r.e.-. pU. i- i.(...- 

-- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~C IN---. 

- - -----.---------- P.-----.- 

%- L 

-4 -AG-46. fa- -4join 1 isIm-dn-l-

TsIM ~sNIN wu.t 4:11941Mtu M-PA*LTKV %IMI:MK WT8 NXaI. 161 

Isaleew.anol Owna Lage-r I lxv weill let reafernal to adv arIaw adl l~ara. ami~ iaaieavval loiItvina~ loeiramIet hatg fia rate 3 

anmluad. I-ewl we fihal in J~ na Iiumm flu- to-ni13W1.etiotP 

P~.i~ 4.A4d.Im. . Tleik *ao thea firAt mwia'alo-pleand-ua af l- the ti Iaw.1 I r thea orligin ad I~ar seAtlaol reMalhclt. 

prahizoael anal it Vern 11..4 orl *mir fewr te-'injg Iwmiv fear. aftaaa thr initial lwarat. ln-twnawm I'OaanwI141I C. tnitwf 

Strim, 11 ewlu,;Idrle waa West; iwaaw6A so.n~jr posimtese is the ho woamb& lowm . of romp.alo mq eaaaf 

1w-mr geiv nraihttea e te t lelamnoort a in abitaaes tlee- ruma~arr r'mmn at a areamezeano froeoomswvt". T-1awaatu'eiet. 

.511I laeu* v IIae Kil gist.ap~a firrl in reameelmea. tldc wjAs eatrewi fea vr iewvs posintot in Jehe Imeaml shoring I1.1w 

rurrimel 411 1-a aelelain ilfaanW114ieen1 41 eM eaIam " " fireh inig Y44oo-loelml-. an- alhasen ine Flixur 3. 

might i . alsftliaoehaW tea kargo ami-ajinft join... It warm .; X YJ IF, .IhXeIwan. .% 23).P-awml grewep waitrm, iel. 

alietrerl I I Ie Io Iav a .. macmr41 adihe tesagnale too taaa.iala*e rsesicaclinx a.' fivee AI-r-iwcnl lesrweta, was hwre lnu -jagtif 

lies ohrewegh the- Ioamn-1 while, it Was, Atolmoseimate-l at fima e.rI, mnciaera. '11" tuo--eusm rawdea too ambliewi 

4 wellw u m,-0a MI w 12$ I'm~a slwin, nt a aateach owl vol on aa neir l the mas-elefolsq wymwuA..& 

ofteel am-1 vkigham a n-sonaamalje finwc. tics rrve'eiorn *; X IFIE (ItX' U Am-sc~jr. maww soan m Ic .".0n-p that* 

limit la ItMin art 1 a 21114pae, elacag in irt-loo4t v. midea 01 1111"onnssel Nimres. ma-re igecl "teetecol elf MI1-towa"ssl 

toi haw fn ttearmeulo finas-i in w--etval %eticoilar &! . ad1 laminaste.. 

bursitis oac th~at feas taer live firw- sareinig 6,e WA- flop .; X Ift) (I I *.J-s~'cr. IV#, U.r no A e'r run* 121. 

learMn-i acale Its- rtesale fea r -caneinwituqc anal Aifeea nsalootw mi wgc-w w44. 116iemae- wae'lsge. naeelfawIwamvr 

peaginglorear-l. 6. iow-atarlali. frot" Ilk, ittanelpeoiet isa learn-I 

Aftir ac-ie-al firing triale. it( Iarn~les cnietunte-a aih tasi-eacpe-vtm fit tha 3 X 3(NI (2) no lw-SIdk in ma& mg. 

Adhlomh 10a- 41a e 0 cso wee ma-0eeeee the terfIwnep tere 1 6 1, 

firig at .i pasint Omc-in. (nom, tlw- lesser ticrfairp at thee 

4" asuf IIImv 

X; lx 1p) I.?) rwlisndr. (rsaape eel rive' Ut3-nugeil 

owmffn cd lesoa.: a'k,-weith-l in m-tiso 3.a4. if~ teasak. Noatte ue-pre- fint ujale ton imsateeia eid 2 main lmowty 

tciol"~I tes tare r we;. eel 443AN neaeacln, ie* a twalid VON2.33 sta read ad each dlai "Mal thea Iivenjivneeee. aI the ncnt. 

nacmnalst. IFach graamaja s-qeatawesIom ea a" initi~al l3.T.casomil ewiee thSant rimaplorttaeemaling tepaas oiadaaat tSeloo~-ruimtc 

luwta fehaawtq I 3w a eMwiueeeW aeleacrl lmwaaese the. bugyb uwoo 0111aerwi NhwVM xftep. 

000 

-~~Vs . 9-p-.-. 

1250 20 

"444,19 

04 04 0M 0 00

462 MT1Utt)Kf V91) CIIR4%II4VM.PLATVD MACRUTZ GUM 84WReIA 

10 X 40 (1) .'~ednule. In thorN Ochr.I14, weeqi fco. 

mounty ay the llritjioh, ten 40.rm~ind Imincot werr fired' 

at I-mitS itflervls. 71w hsmal wao romok-dland the 

weltedule rp~m. w& 

AXSS(4)&A &&.dJ.T%,*vuy Z5naauillauts mI: i 

amssalwt tromprmtatre and1 the ueheehsh.r orpeatee.-I"~,~~ 

I X JIM Srhe.~uI. A Win*, ~IM-nanrn bearst wa %'r,. 

fired. the bearrel cooled tot ambvient temperatuty. &W -aa -6444 11111 445 -664 NOS6 M7641 

I X IS&O kjIw. &Wam so 460V liut with a 80.& 

I X IW.Ir&A bl.0ms m am aaamaw, Lot With a 1(0& ~ 

CrI,_iW .Srhdu. This aelurluule coaimated o oan %! 

tvoald to ambient temperaturr. !, a oe-reau 5f X 100 

41) g".The(7wNI'. Vm~ax6furCrm-4;eogthy "~a 

IL-boratory. The fehedule, the deaelasmm(e of whirb S 

is dewenijd is &ticei 24.1.3. wao ousco alniopt ra. 

elusively by theme twoun cmeturacs of IDivixieu I dir. eel 

is C hba ;ter 24. . 

0 s ; 

Ol~as We(-~ 

&A. BKM.. POW m SEM4 ,.~e 

Wesu 

* I I 

ew 0. ?urwu 1T~. TA'fts bed t arOOsd.- thrf~U.kr mumm" 

N I)MC RepstA-401 w emFA a wm ftm dw wed mb I PIA 

-as Wc-I Schmiuk.I The barrel was fired continuously 

0a Auuswowgmor*b -i neol ni rsky 

. 7 *0 

am am ~ 

The ti-p ofrshl,t.c.50 amamunition twtd in tremting 

deprmdeq ton the ubijert -ofthe te~t, Ilk- f.Mouint ame 

tOweAnrwLarAI type.. that we~re u-.es: lktt-%l2; ir. 

MU 4,1 O" eNw mm s iane nc Ar-M2; arrnut pierring irnweetdizry. 

AP1.IRAIR 1; ine~nli~arv, l\.I-M 1.IAII . 

Pnruu. ~ .IAtMI aritm 

with ehw." Owuzjh fu%4 ý.th Io.. ,t.iiee1 X."W.4 d 1h. . 166 ,Ib .6h.. . Ammvt.l....Ig.sn 

a~ .(VrnCit 1 IN)e XMIIC P, .- ont A- 3& .. hr~i. wh~. ,a,., O .Sw..t * s... Lu 

CON FIDIENTIAI.

TIPI "IflNtW.". CII1?vrflWW FL4TEM 141IC11141 D*mseL 465 

-- £1 nila aeumnttriminnoblifferrint Imirmlu,asirngle typedo 

ammlrnitiino and if ,.icminle 

it A'ngle lot1 (A that sin. 

. 1i t . .J 1 m anit jetri 4 i, nh l b e u w V rl A ~ 'Iv v~ m h V t lo a d , w h c ,, 

1`1111. 1:61 9 Itin wax use inmoto the tring of chromium. 

5104 a,~ 004 plated barrels. Fien with .%P-Nf2 ammuiantino, whewm 

L 

one might expert very little v'arifition frvm lo to lot, 

trute, the pfq AMd two, metarx an %-clarity drop.77 

'id. ~j - Ilut (A nclipý mate auwi4 t'clneitr rtvang, pssm'y 

* u~~shownp huit Plight or~reilatitmn between rate of fire and 

OW 011- n Wt- 0$14". 551471 lrs. 5325 

3O~4 312 314 "224 at*. velutrit chance. T7hw is, liowever, a definite cu-. 

lot of ammunitin andvelocity 

IF J n4onbtwers reL 

Care; .71000 lOn-wI sp 

3016- Ssand 

ning .Iand at l-:lflEn~ istages (hiring the firing tests by 

means o(A .Uenlees, chronograiphs with screens at 25 

75 ft from the muzzle. iloth hot and cold ve~lo.. 

itiest were determined. The formen'r refer to measurej. 

~ * MaW 

"440. 

~ 

uhrats talkou && "h *. (al a bisunt hiefore the barto. 

~wao allkiwedl to mail, while the latter refer to measure- 

meatiowith the lbarrel at ontient temperature. T7eU 

auudsue 

'U.... ~ 

fur dletermining the cold velocities were 

heldat a constant tempermture for a minimum of 14 

fit-st Tarseta farntoi mhria.-, inuum-pataed eai- 

P"a M1 simasfe tiserl \a. 4(3, during Ithe ,4rw,.tI and 

I~*vtfh PrM.. wo (liki Atoru had Ararrmpuued 

I he uastawism. ed Xt tC Itepoe A-40t hut warnus amre. 

hr orevirding the test in orvier to elim-inate the effect 

(A differevices; in the initial powtk-r temtperature on 

IAMEL 32 MA~e 2,94 

P.*Oe with thoe aye4I .- ? 

and 1-1123 (eriperi ental l-T481 tm-eet. Tr-MI, 

TrMIO.10 and Tr.M IOF.1 lhssndi de-Aignated byv the 

smAI "El" were loaded with eloutlle-isse powder 

wets loaded with a single-hian. powder, nanwnslr TI-II Rog #22- 

INIR SOlO, which is "s,. croirde than the illhows 

powder. M 4 cvera! types of specill liatloaed ant-. 

mimmfion ante also 4i1"'t inl Auilfl tMst. Aji- 

The buillets in thlwq rvwonels4 id aimimlgitias, have j ~ . 

gklding mt nuia jackets, anneale is, isunan:lfed. 'Tho-ir \--* t 

.litferes types (A rn,'trin-tilpn affrct their "e'P'laner ~ 

otengravivng.a;I tlhuisl114413Percl-fitil~refi-tOc on tihe NOS Il't211 nog, 22-271 

rate a( errs-sin 4m the lharr14s. that were tvstted. The-. _ 

nwietirig anl uýftniuig 4f the jacki-toa;t the It.-11lwra- 

41l 4mt.a1I~ it, ng tiring lung Isalrsti mayv (Inkinitely Fwo' *v. 7. .. tt.~ntn, Pwrfshlm- .io nires(i 

Isiiiii m:whine- rimu rrfSI.f.WI)3IC. Un.- VI. £-Wr...s.nsi U 11w. fiA. --- l v-j \i hit fig-ir 

1When..vq-r it is mtu-.inl to MAPk IN acItnIe TV1 tMAI- A-401 hut wns nil njm.IlunI %ah th& linuS -pt.) 

C(X l'N DII NTIA L

~SW 54 54.0' 

assL-A UP ..Fp 

l* u .).L ......is 

Fug~r.;- I~eau~ E 9..Sm& Tamw4afor woosal -*uLwr M. taimmolt, 

Liia wai 2W. goollemy eil tovan krwelta i foo.I~ 

rete .40shr K Iiia'w -"I' fton grefti ansi0 Woommma Intoi.____________ IviA01 

peen A-0 In.~tonwandaK yuar. hv wt ta 

Toooploo. flea' Iwqo triewiiael onamm~inmomlhilA uaS4W eli.pmf.ioqL 

.g-izra' .4 Irscf. :1111 '~w elf Il"111e4-1. 4w 111Aie. 

l..telwnm i eelluelt cciilina'woene ted flights. IN- 

.. aawbvl eD~ freer feime l eeeklee Ito fita win' .1o in. 

.A ,wenl areAI sinext .'es i ,euewinw phim-el as 2.1101 ini. 

Fur see.. tirneg to-sip. li~woI 1:irgl+,o wen- tise-4. I14eiwa. -tkeinglun 

firiwngii(.eilhihiu ikie i~5 X 'A 11 .S A X 11311 R ?500uec 

(2.aew uiW.t tm-I%-n* hrmoi %%.u m4 to few r,.h hilrnse. 

ligttne3 iltertmoeighu 14 i 

,uih '.iniw4%. 

jol1ie4%mritlok .4 tommyle- ia i( 

to knesaw pe.4 eale:tf neeteilee in in Imeiret 4peiI w 

gm-s. f.e, shid a flee. kloeit t lisee iu'se I in.. w~ix, tarlai. 

1mrilr ,. v etp a.s; cin rartIeicA~erww Inceel fille- -~ 

CeLi 

't~~~rls IeilaaSC i.,.e.Iae h-aels'lsIe 

inz~ a y.u .4 uillwat hleest tisn twre-aetv Own 21) Iiaech' 

1ee. 

re.ieK A. 

&s ellael Nek- 

T,.4e X., eall,.. 1 4wr 7 in- X.tDR 

V~a's. lj * aeemy lea-wr n yaw.-onngir 6-oeI hleme I lee.. U.-Iiaws .e..11.1 

CMIDET1 U

ejAILifu)h.bitt n, tuargem ilala.'t aii;+ deg.. njtramiiog 

ton 2 bulle14t giieoso n itmeiiealisi site the am'all onk.'a .4 .gn 

awli fise(4n-f.sg (s( tlu- otabiaity .4p iw hurwts. A losist 

havinmg a. ammgfdr .4 ..s axh $44mE &~ ll o tw tlw " " 

'Aid nownnailv ' y4)file toi rif thiusumlt at 1.111) in. . ( 

(romem th i.. iZZle it 11%an Ait ilit ya~w. TIhd-rwr whe Nts a . 

it run n-wd:imajii lip. msoxionoiim that it woo. outalai. e~ven 

Sit ist 111fyawig at 1.4111) in.. F-MPL.. .41 remllrtsil 

5151 kryeiihele. 115.' third keyihamlemi 4even thdiasgim the' a~s 

angle, 4 en~gra~ing wotosp~.eonu.v4 ilegmvn. r 

Mu P..rformiuanmcc io Nitridinl slid2 

(laneminiurn-taated Bra. 

I bmnid'ss~ .43 firing t enft. wie..nu leat. son t1 lie nfilselsJ 

Anis~mimustm-jItstts imarrtetm. with hi.kesI misulea.5 In 

%" e t(gt4 siseor teot,., h~twt-ver. me,.w flu- Imm~i.. 

linwIl too flip VIA .41 :acrnme-ls. nod ,mrmiitnuik W&a _________________ 

full evenu rimea tIII rust 4d verlfnif Y-ife. 1st, ftN ir.inog 

scsmipp arprly tip stmmsil the Irt itwinw sJ.m .riman'in the. 3 

ameihulalh pnisluwagilax atrw ut sue the' unflinepsi J 

ing d4 the Nuiel. etc. Hoswever, e'nsmmugi licirrel wpmw 

limwl sti the e'nti is iem tiii'nx'o vartmiss firing orebriltilro 

that 2gioxi pu..tfirrithec-perf~witoroaau.etheorciarm.in 

woossnlatsajni.mft. in siblitiss ts1 lthe liimrMs.'l lirel at this. 

(ievmplyskdI..sI iinmatrloy. momluwere' finIl at .'lirnlrmset 

Prswifg(;nitnd,21'a large' oumnitamr .4 1tiwrn re're fire 

fur :im.. Armor Ontirtanm. lDepssrioniti jatl 'unritits Imi- 

%viroify." ansl nainu' ly the lirit~h linivm life 

I.. esrru,1 Mitt rmtrol. Aroiiewr ..V) airrman *mtachimin. 

Sunm igarrel is, 4eilinoativY efirtm-ited fts have' ii~ie'etemt 

staasascv if imasnet .p( tipe Inirtsaie. .a lamnetf dipa neat have 

nplimei~amae yaw. .%cetinrYls.iini', tiserebssa, is. sie'tcr. 

mint-flovthe'p..int at hr"Mrmek'hsmgi'ra. 

'nor snsts.-tanodng rhasrnetersfiri a.. time aut rigesil, 

srhivoaiiim-pIlzteil ilsmmnis with simske'.i rnimzzie' wan 

ouohir anaazitnsivlss swicarri s~inry-if. The' lairriel esmmisl 

Ise Iql i mastii it nsa. rml lusu oima timp iail.siql ieinse ustinfl 

the laswrs fr iona th twsrigin to im x(it or m)~i frsnai lite nomma 

Ai. wa.-1 .evrn-iv ernJIs'iI, smus1 i till tipe iearmvt tire 

saeear,4tsi-"V --stsf(n liring witfire' smerimrsats' teomani lite 

etif st .1 a issi tiring pm. irama dttl,:,sif the. hIrgiminng. 

g;m tit~.va~a .ine,.me, ~i~ 

A I'A12 lKAiI..ss,,,.,.t i.snii*de ~is M 

vooper-tvsivoc. i tigusn- it iri N )t U I teasol A. as.1.1 

CONTiI)ENTI AL

AUmimet so intervoling ati the Itmitt dtciartr v.tif. warn nnutzle, Nn, .IN3, fired! on. kr"nx rut:n.~m its the 

the. t^P4eny it( prrfowinanti. t( tile Iuarrrno. teni Wrluisi firre.. 

IIaen'ra Fini4 *ae MlildI S'~pov.ior. lltsr4 Not. 401 wanx .%I file. Pr~vle lnivvr~ity ratwof 11w Army Ord- 

11hptiokr..sm.w~ell larM 4thio I viv.'It w~ax fin..gon r.n I)..partumrt. the' nitridpil. chrnrtiillm~patitd 

41he A X W( U~ Whet"' Mppniu, ,fatv 4,0111 rnn.nda bsarn'! w.ith rhoked muzzle.. mewr 6w-ri with "comhst 

htw(sv-4 was Ameyihq to Pt.pe the twt. naare mw-y asepmepitilmn &b &hD- Ind- NJ (' ~ 4ue i&t ep 

d4 the haffirl wax lw-t~er on flu 6Aj. firng than to the etit keyhmlling" manrt c-sm'pmr .ith the Ofamlard 

&A4.. to rnmpavilon. the aiyuracy o~f a Ptandani lir-. lam!. 1the reoulita ama Avers in Tablalt. 

r.4. mudi as No. Wi. lw-nic 46twu at almmit I1W runsla 

diuring the firing of the first gnatp. mmd at to) nmiaill 

durming the fiuiingt othe Hweinal gnrtsip Rtepwws~aativir 

Tm.w1.a I. eu~vwwe of W&K~ AS miwmlt tb 

64141o C- w~&r at Plh ~ 1 

J'QiP .0114 

Figiur & is in the third grump t and ragurs 1; in the Awe 

a peftomwtt' the firi %rtmip, awd Figure-it the ovni 

groutp Amnl in barrel 53 

Keyholing bulhlets wre it.... which are unrntzal~r 1a-. 

cause. of impruqw- engcaging 4f the hindl-. TIiirn qwm1iro 

if the lasond.isamrtu ir feel. gItem or if the- Itmgitilinal 

Type "I ter nA &0 

-b8.14 

14aslrvhito .441=71)f22 of C-I 

S 1t54 

wiw~wmu..t#& 

wtb .A.d 14 C-1 

maul.-. reWi .ado"e 84 5-4 

et~i 

hyaum 

1a 

23 

C 

&W 

pull!. of the lenia e 1... wellving Phalle. The i. 

diamaeter incrnmwv perranncatly by erurssn anti Awag. 

e-~.. 

.... 

w"i 

tnw 

S 

a 

C-P 

- 

31t 

rs 

in&, and tempuranrly Ivy thermal capanxiun mas the 

barrel heat.. up. 

A14titstined Wfar Ivw-, 20C 

Vitamns mal swaging wpm mimmise in thv bar-.w tIltit 

nvs!b chr lomiwun-plating and Pitariefg ~wopeuie~vy. Igu.m m ma 

In Flgure 12 aire hown star gatig run"emof a hruv. 

mitrided end chrumium-plated (No. 491, a Ixarrrl just 

p n, 401W 

cbromium-plateel (No. (11), and a ustantiard barre-l .14w-u p f AO-r M z*. 11W efftc-t of thermall 

(Xo. U5), all fired the 3 X50 (1) .schetlsale. Afteri excpansionin reducing the ahlidy ofthe landsto em 

ow group, the land diameter of1 barrel No. 58 wav in- grave the bullet mdletiuateltr was munimised by the 

=env..! throtighout its length. Afte.. eight gminspp. the choked mnssile. If a harrel 6 cho Il to adiameter o 

land diamewter it( barrel N n. 4 wall not inereawd-. vx-a 0.404;n.. a tem peratureofatomu SW C is required to 

erep in the region where. the chromittma h64 lwiven re- Ptpand thin hurt to the nomimal dizieteri of a caliber 

11101 (hrefthwardi of 10 in. rn~m the Iwriechl. .50twxurerl -4 Oi. Owing(the bore fa caiiber.3G 

Furthermor,. after firing. the landsa in litane- So, 49 barrel over a length I of only about a foot at the innsreached 

their ftall height alei~ptlr .where-nj' thuew of ale ioe sNifll.ient. A caliher .30 AP-N12 bullet can en-. 

No. 39 tap to appenxcinatelY (till height over a long pag ohniptly rising. fuill-height lando, without vmiiaretian. 

AA %ilmapt risne .31 the lan.!. prsomsots. good ueum slipping~. wheni travelinug almu.4 at mnsale velae.enogravting 

of the jacke-t .4 the buillet. ity. flarre-lis o~rte tried u h~he Itsir diameter over the 

BuwaresFin-eWax (he' Omin- ian Str.'.;-r. Tr*ixvSlightW. full length wasl resisted to 0&495 in. by chrom~iumi 

eke. I, Flin-flas~nd l tnrt..hown pt..eqruaphse.Jt 'pi. plating. 11wev had no hIeter arwn&-Y-ifp than thawm 

Pal fagt.,lnn-lsn firing the 5 X c105:.ch-lse 

hotked ol v nit wa the mntirzl. Thewre w;:-* no partiettlar 

The blaslets. tire- frenmI the ePtardrdLe lon-I. 'No. 237, ' 

began kevholing in the me,"nml 100-noene Imirs,t ahile 

nd.vnntu 1l: in t he tap-r. ma ,unfe. Ile it wvas a ronves- 

it-nt wzaY to p-t a ch-'~ed ainzile in. 3 at the Pm@a 

the nit rides. chnnsnitim-elante- lleartrI with chokedl time: la Lrge s'nrrngh lauren the loeeerh to pinerseat the 

develeplell~t.f lto(r%rr*vv rmsrm 

'tisailt .tatr.m lmtvsnt N..k 49 and Nm A MAaiyt tOwse Im 

I W.rn...p andt 4wtety r"send. .n-eest f.. OtW las' tha~t 

t-dAl n*Ueiseb .J. we ' r 4 h s . ltsl Ne-ei- ,.. Socru Sl~ed"Oe p. TheW Araw .)ir Cor. 1-4ado 

by 2 .4 21x) fill in reill vellarity 2-s. a ei~tai for rt-jecting a 

thp ~rs~ado 

CONFIDENTIAL

%ownIN lanrm. 11m,' malnhlml? of rmu~wIo a Ira*m-I minfl in- If 11m. inileiI vi-loi~rtY ipt too 1W- feltaihfgl~tI. 1.1imi 

ills a l2%I'tk w.imciltile Imbnfiv jlo ctulc velswiml. 11grn sulltg' Iw. l~ if wne in flv. ort.4,'I.n,,aq. to liii' Igu11ld, 

.Inqrn~ius 2111 rips its flu-n-flrnn' rrnve"t,4~n.1 jigto, uit toon sier litql, w~owgI.I-d ~,in in jt4liviuift Iuuming fd 

role.imeorranm in, home .'Jzwti"e ~,,'w.in a Alneffa- 

0.4500 

'ag# 

0.5100 

- P~t wMONO 

AM F1R iWO too-N011 W3u" - M NI tsvWO GONOIW 

"ToC FOUR 250-fto GR1OUPS - ArTNCIGA cio'ru-no GROUPS 

V---* 

O'Stoo IMCL 04 (CoP.-PI.ATC ON TONOIA STICLI 

GASS* J ' 

4111050 R.~ 

0.4520 

rs 0_0160A9RML 55 WUMPATCON ORDINARY STE9L) 

4 # a O1 I 14 16 0420 22242too1U 052 34 36 

OISTANCE FROM *NEICH IN INCHIES 

figumf lowI re..ewisvloctm. flu- fie~mtu-n.1e -4 NDIWIIU l wljW A109J Not, vf 1..i n-o-h.4IW. vilb ILAS refswlw.) 

CON FIDE~NTIAL.

111101kaivie~. eoielwe JWO ain-r-aff licim-l. lie. elartimg rnilhor nwelaerh'. In Foiien. Moom~e~anolvo iof.4Wpfroeemfr 

w:U te-Wnitilly im-tijeeIineewl no Iemng noa low jif vel,4to .eiiu.Ie linml so wqAA v fi w.hroleufreL 

thruiuwtcm nmutit"I e in l. 1M olr~epeee za11w f ei-4ilin id Peera :eneilo mitweihel m.wh so I X 'ar2r) X 25 (3). 

laIM. feew no thw chnarninil. wzap n-neweevi fy'"l tie.. tie.-eloo-t.iife 114 was noof eM641116t freet'wllemolea 

heel at A6w ,eema. mdw: il" 4 rior iawor.o mea ocamollon lomý, saw this ,Imd he.owanwii 

sorthe kanel.. t4enele,)i i t s geabreer. n onwooee.e Ieere rn,-v. the. vt+.e.rrit ' n.w b4 tim.heal.4 

%if h "All ieliaeenetee 4 il..iICI ill.. .1111e1 ti~~i-iiiet.eesnlee 

.L..i .PIlre.Wim n-iWieeIoN too fipe ..lurt 44 flu- leeole't 

te~~e InLtnIexoo-el. Ieetel1.In~U~BSf 

jnip opos. ilm. 5~ X 1411112) smesul'. th ti-e'Ieif .4fa 

.ee, that the. e'elel nt4ewiiy oleoireeed vemei liftka'eowaetoots 

goes" 

PoInisni lxtm4einepemeil 440 1030 pesaoiedfDOW 

wig), a lifi for aieL ta11 ~ fipr SW d. .iuuele4, che,.. 

to:"~e~eIwie'rww 

nuilter leecenol aC'. zi .rrel is. 4 u.. j, reah a penrAl it 

Imit n p'nerzai. enfilo,' .311 mimaft lvaaani e.&aaldf 

I*-' fr 4.1 if eout the' twxt eieei loola they wemM he 

firineg oileeti4e o;i iti: I r'w twa o htl riurieh dolyp 

uieaele lee' einin. ohean 41) rim~. Threeeee eL na pu~ 

ewit e.Iin.zaliut tik, w -n'j'e m -f~ir i soa hoot,.het.4,es 

the 1 Tlim- ,Lete'eI .m il .h ema'a eee 

6 Atom it ein i.re~.~isie 14. a-m1el morwof a vlingw,4ew 

il""ereqi inrIill s11 show u~po a.hI&a~r 

V, nw itoee .4 i t r he..Iea Wiits imr&4 2wo rlinga tt 

1 102.2. wit I, a hee-ui I iO.7 in. in oiee'lm. It ineutocivA 

w e am ame am ame* 

mom0"feerweeni 

,wmren~dlrimth'mu~lt 

emin lop'mi:1 e, i eieem Thee 

-henel' tim 171oKU~e hsoI aee'aiueeuet low rivima 

withe tha MzIC t 

v'' Ale ee w) C~u'uu or FRINLv .%r. ncw rrx 

Ix P0UNK i1%RHYt 

elyinr apmw.*'.I FiitilitewI 'i t:1w nolde e'-ieaity ilreeifil After flu. nuirith'eI, c-ingeeetimi*A"Iei hamvr With 

an. the .- urionnmeee %am, iynvcroielYe n'ee,,,vel 'mI nmeti fho- cholueI nieeszk', were' in In I inio (91 IuTeree a 

grooesl', flw renuleli if .%eiie at tho.' eeegn fir Isom- elei argeienh.'v nreeuptafle trop olpomeefi thaet m~ines 

arol preenw,'.'ees nitezAleware. 

Ie14veie,-bI~ir of Xispidevi, I'b,1edlnliternleN. 11w. VIlemewen-' 

Ieseeg iviaeedearteen'ei that loo a pioaw sructorr. 

In low :eee~eee.te'. a :M-movol Inter.4A rM 

ji' is( tlw. oit rith-41, eh~eiee-leeIarnlire ice' aneieeeeeeltiiin wa- svf'.lel. Ilteelk it. 2k raw el so ineab 

ven-4.'.l at Iir,'t us. tw gnoreut.. nwsle-i, l asigel t-aeewel 

eJigjtlv ligiINur px, pn'.seere'; then nofap 411w ieen,,eeeet 

W.s 2041i.'e.,' (litejeer) %%4em 3ppuarig in ttieefirs. few 

nseeeeele. ieM.' lezerni6, & ~ld oi.W lin'ir ehe~ing 

wsta gne.ieeaIl e' nwtmeese-iA free, ti tiedn-itif v.4 I1w -wiriin reoeeeis'a aii dee ete-Y no~e~ we &l tier piant az 100 pre 

of eifli,.g aced lim i ..s -l .W. r.I'. 16vli prilY.'t fell idl -teet key lessIe :eipl-n iefiT 'riel thm W-Awl. 

'A b-'.-of .4 of low .6.or .4nour in N4elleieege's'eelI lee' feeeeim aeeewgsh theIzreica..oem 

la~ie~e~s..s 6.f..eee~t~ee'.lelw. e'iene' ,ee i.ge''t. Aftvr :6 442"e invee-uioletiu it 

CJ)N FII)I'NTIAI,

TIMI NITNIIIFlIg, Citilovlt'flptWP.%ThIK %IHErR~rY"i "lIRPL .169 

~rn.Is and 

.Wai 6seuin that 11w. p4ow gw-rf~winai w.ox ffl'y4 "W13~ Mlo 1~, wit pjttgin ihal Lh~ni:n~Iah~ 

nmilhgix',' u Io.f m.' flu.4ibi *l llghlw-o A:tp. ilfill w. , ilje-liguoI IxtrnI.. whioh Jond' a -41n.srnfo vnivizzl 

nar~a h a, I vr Okwl Fiti .itm .Iuaa ic. pLail.g. P1 6 irai :,g tllsn- juI.-Mila.tn lo it~)[writ. tIaLl. t~he 1 So i 1w 49( IMI.Wmlta:t1 

1M. nMa:JiawV*m. ji ataithamiiu'*al tiuak' buitiorw, 1-i-erni .wnzluctusr- 

U( M 014 44-t - 4-411w.. KI i M! !.u.)1r Of hjr. 6il m -t i,.jT~i-r j.-.II wm, fit .M ohtrflig ine% at filt~w rnwwiai Otte differ. 

.i lli hin l nu-shoolI. sim..4 inl ninuawwedutrini the~ I.:r. enevii jawIhsario.. 

1-4 platn -wiIIN4A. 

an 011161 

LOCAnew CUTW 

all #Am Pee 8/31* 704 M 

2 

PoI.1 elpf NAllo-Ace mv~tgOI 

VV HV"L~US0 

va~~g~~a7uc1 A 

o gym5@1EWClP~~f 

Mwbwas h 

EME.-. Wil latmn.4f W. J"gu k.w,..g w..4mrb. l.gsadq, ehIt 

0 0w0g0f 

Ip 

CNI).NTIALvr 

.379WaitFITas" ap 

"Asiom or OJK2' 

31 OtS 

t K

j - 

- -- il, $crtiea ill 1. 11. Ite lhin ate imcsgre-iiel t.%w lor of( o 

few mzre'sce.t gun Ieucrw4,e. IFew lianr4, fit'a c4n to lot 

j4olmi eith an *n..ema-n,"....tnft matefi,,e Puckhmi 

lrvntinusm. it %-" met axilss 1 tm451 top Imas a a 

hsaiw few. with latte.r Ihugh ts-mfXl'atctsf PreqW."i" 

than uittiAehv WD 4l-Al oftv4.. The. selnn4 few thewe 

fsscpeaclc ~ ~ .~ ~ ~ Pop-ig h.fc-lheswiNo pcr~ ,cteic"Ie fcilm ~n..e fint ca 4himst .5 

W Prood hsen..hnnhncins apsemoc*0 

up&e SAMceh ",* amow UP doo we d4n*ueow M l A t -iofamme tn o s ti .I SI 

W~(YlIF:II N Icfl. hVICAT t)N . :A ~(:tl: %M *irlJJlearn l. SveS 

hi a eleeic fri, t~-imni FnK 11-m #0 

Caaowru-Nxrxu~~M- NrXwaa etct Yowki .3. Aavoc0.435 Mn.5t1. C NI, 0.01114 P. 0.0 13 

"14 4811119U.4.L Moooel. Umdra il. 3r Us a. C 

amierm-PL&fdefiw RIARsm4I 5 an"f \CMW.0 "ith i hrmfm 0.1u0h '. , 0 13Ai. 41.20 1,0.015 R . 0.29.14 

musid. A Iew waeloi oltmuW li h Paed almmit Itemlo, 

icfrtiea toathreir tw * that they veeivenote nitrichi.ie 

a additiume. theo tcayItoIi sepiaci Iwclintnuemiv wsos 

Potlme~ IAe~ Vn~4, (Avutainecl from the Alleghenv. 

I.,aeI1ucm .qt4e' (1opcwatieat. . 3nss 5 r, U,7 Mot 

I. I v I ,%, 1).Xr C. 

,emomlc f(m eavew cif thew nomhankese. lamm-ac fly 

xmarinisg mdiy than byv Pircqudevit4n Thewe 

()sul 

beeveS 

tim- firt thinv of :.Sem xtmls amw tmod so 

71.m e wgo flat timne to c onrhs e Sthe wOn, 

hmnetce 111'"11 Imade hWow ther (msiliehir fe ar lr-.ceuh Iteave d.c the ('bromuwefe anti Polsna hof-sre Me(,* 

maidiag hadS hemn (EutaiW. 

FEnm mithuses ther "ifreiding. St.e Anrnmiem-platcreI 

aflittichieaag Sm' v-w made. up anti two of the (luquc 

tudfi hceusc4e L-1 I. nitneid: 

hamSA 4*11 relacemc meemair swa on"c Pueqwncur it, Xitnklridm ilraulo'rhemhn ve'ry hanl rom. itselhordmt 

arerimrwy-Ue tn the- ectandasd hum'S, and in fact *:o e. uar t1w- curface Sw-ing id the crnker of 1iMt VP.\. The 

mo good in this t-opee aso the ivamS ruatasminin a 

mlemilite INw (0hapter 22). seeccnfing to firing jtel.. 

lull hamrlcwmc de the fuaw be e~uyIlent. Aievsnft learnS. 

eidIhio ter uwvm nit 6461, cvtn~pclio)NI.mandehvussi. 

11wr data ai. r it mv Win Tusle. 1. .%eutvh-ecg eeviow i urm-WalurcI. cnrmS seehej(-ctel to firing te.-t.. T7e 6a&eS 

t"saitiniiaaapruiud, thrmeenshrlt-enemiluy4o. wheMa-v neir the cs',gin of lain' efumml top vrry %Ad. ThW almemaehimeccfcwtreiipcdsslnhprewitephtm~n.werenAt 

hwsrnev 4 the criesniiimne fic ilke otec anti the irWs. 

so pineS Wilk secNIcct ethe,' to acwwhfeew to anstree i41.e.:lgung u the Icam6l~ ite'r hl-ter than in 

Msmaitir-hlf ass invilar lefrr~s that umew nifrifkls'S nisiolmeb%%DW 4l30A4ellarn.Ss. Meat the FurrP6sailrd 

ttmerniiu. Mnicnhn was aclecpic'antend facilities Jim, "er the inceisle ease. whetmw c ietsveo 4d l;cnd' lcesre 

lmgomarp e ifrnidieing a'eor cnmik flemtteeL fast. 1TWhe p 6as iseapnrnlec toe Isite crcrin wa 

CnurnrPt 11z tlcUV.La OFIVX AII 

STM If-mvic-Nro 

s1*u I.UW.EDewe. 

thie, inuimir of thims lwtnen'S 

The hceee-scrfaere toi :aewnr ed 6s.h the mlh 

- nIM, .tiev Aml were inelwtiriiin-lia:nieveml. Arrltpoul- 

amii chnanjcmileet-pdlate. 7TU.. pe. rfl eme I wvtrt 

The. imgnfelso" rulilers i' aicc(t ,1 hsue4- eh'serrilscs tImn fSertenitiesm tlate'eS kNIhe cid WD) 41U .1m bu'Set 

in .444ifill 25. 

m-ejrAtoc 4em jaal 

we're Mas. oil W:) 11.1 Ar Mae'S H -'Swt th 

I"ee'a uam crrniec too, as dc-Hlc mlv~c ce ics'.a k..I s.ee. L

lal 11w(Assis a12* 104f. fmsjwt 

4 

WrusIt sr - [%sm-W too thoatssi. D 111rs ii ihi iliufsie'r .. sfsg ther, f ss..n4awlPoofm 

IW*% u60115 2 Ilowio ll fifla5161 IN that' (he.124 Inlimit 

Sin*'IPa (Pr -Foi-Ittrx- 1Yt~iotarts atow Wimaser 611ns Iwsgrano, sAroo IV r~noois1l ~ad. 

-to AWnAvo,Il in ~se-fen XL 4.thee Lrim~a e~i. lswdesI.acltl~ 

uttaitjfroil c-AII35r .561 ainrternt IstIrs4 nith 4-114.so-44~jjr'li it lamr 

nounuis hall a vsery Isugtmilosc'iisssssaml voith leuzi 

itis ie44isuti'-ife. AwswI a buns'i Avlel eau IN- riev"i4 fs, 

%laxe 

aineuvitm Imsster esmrhIisito osver the1w ,t'ios-f o-mitooalitig 

maon the wstuign 4 lIuver Iiiv lijhiut alkali a (..of sof 11w 

.milltosslal1w finle4 s. 1 11ufinWolto will# riAM-su1 WPM 

rnotate sineg the' entljlser .A0 IWavy IsMM4.1 nss'aii 

inusair miat pillj firo awvssmmga4y. lad ei sae 11a, topomi wille floor r.sirjinl sijiwt sAd inopooisig ti~hi puatainh 

in thus ro-osisusins file nlixitlis va'Iswity wans ,A-emis' isoarasI -. 5 niitijl u~s621 the. sainicoj %to* Ads the 

Iwntimi A"~' 131- Ateussssl bower I have in ai aww hrlssn~. nirrr.*lt Iusamsr wall niistlvIettsi. 11w pinflhiafi 611400 

11w.l ve-t41 sAd uile psussils w:,a ,swiv-, glsl~s if lssartssf Ithisi olf1N4. Iiistiy lsAMi Imp a pxIt fCisrIe six is', Not it to 

elrwwvtlv1yau :nloIssili s Sit; f tie . ~i*'~1~ r--o- linot- 4 IV" toloviotopis that's it, 11(1'5116 IV. hillmiW5i nsnow~jisotI'Iv by 

f1.IW sls 1341L 15ha ;lif :a~hisltafr s'at:*rlciia sn-s4in.. Wit.,. sssrwrtfoiss a* liner s4i 4ls1iie Nit. 21 tA-Aric'tos 22.1. or 

tIwi hem W 6153 nt Im"s at IVw *Witgin l lAtIxn- ows lop rsrn- co. ic-dY rhovaiinaimien-issl~ativi flu- lbenr. A uils'Iuh. 

,slriclimisim-W~ uvw.4-tsiae-wut sal t ha Issslh-. o. ilwust.erli M1t66is. 4-isrsniomn,-ps~6tro IwuivY aasntriv vitil 

pnwoisrs- slivned nn"sar Ohe mnusvsift high "aL. 41606n'4I wtaaIssir worm Impair. Ileitehao MINI MAn Arneth . 

In viewa s0(al A Lhw.ssaisja it wsn th la z~st grlt fut toiusiu 13bta11s wi-fr appitiI. 71teyvere 55sn. sul ws'soauietg 

a lutmIl with a hsip v iejo~ii"lift. atoll alf,'4tsial 

arsternrar.lifs* wsauid repsd. witluassl avinz s'lsl'5555*5' 

initial pi~rsswrn. if a Isirrvi w4- et.norwts'l to give a few 

Jo In iv 3 X Hllt. 1)t 3SiIloihok.ý' It was' fisastsu thsat 

lfwi liglrnm4ps in thiii munive-ewto~itisi j'.s. a Iwo~ 

isows'ewin siertirsAr~ifeamsic, whln ~t slaisraingaroshmivI 

iminctosof free Inon s's i.lus m~xliet A puasoniir u"irl wuade woo ta*a'L wsuuloi itws's'us' voogsiwwhatflews~wi~Ei 

inn. fWAA1 etisisigit 140 fisrjcia 5 the M111111 n411tmofr~i jet 

2 'nuthIsn Ivom4 woilil havesf Is.lie tts's's. PsItases' i 

the Iurlmm niabi them Iw. s'rili-of tsa a s'ssnias"irlmh 

O the atntsw oafi w'4tsmbhtfr. fine, vwbAsr*4lle won 

psaiotui mJlv ~ tIVi lie r irkistatiy imtpi'wi'sL 

diatwons's hrai d 16- th wilgin cd Iann withwl.es prutly 

xterivig" the rnmagzfr relsvwjty. "L Caliber .30 anti Caliber .60 Hawrk 

Minigie-leis's loouasb4ra heasing a s'ntaILr wirls than to 

uwsina raw esaliiwrr All) a~lnsomtitifite wet,' i..amlss wint 

6M2.Z.qTMi 

,;~2l TU 

cartnsimh. raw.' awl 1is.I1s-iss crtiftogwel it.. 71"- win. irmmnoawls4 no' ibh. pnailetas etmonerivil ssilli rioliber 

9giniin sswliam4p havsingsav'aisr.gtohnZOth.dirernon'is .1) total rialilorr .660 nusariuiner goin lecormlss are rroyS 

sal ci r'nolor pn'*Atsn's wem stwaasmimi Isv aomos, tofsa a slimiilar too thowss At( ihecailib"Alas .5 asimls'. littfrfssrtt'r 

csavpps luaUl rrvst,.iwr xgaua. A "fnv-no-s,. isa 14 in. ,ews'rsh uses, msjsiin'i to isalonwe thum. 

anti 244 gorain.' ta MI puswo sf~ sl aws particular P'u. 

pwt no , telai st WrWa (s1uumnsi s, lie alveoli ther -Jisn XMIwoIMAX. CHNO~lt'U.I'LAfES (sLZur .3O 

naalilisaw..~Au.iauwr 

IUsing the- rismnpow-nts' ed.l%.A'.2 ammuancusison. es- 

IIANEILS WtlN C'mOjuc MrznLza 

10.115) ruaistio. s-santainiasg the losat st lal s-osrs that waxrmn nul san % lwh rimsA 1.2160 I~s 9.1A1 nouneclo p owrsiu. 

GovosInsi t-t.(irssiss-J~ss. fmr-i.nin. aiis"('sflusts- tift-. isgssIsssls ~ ess wia ijth sultss 5 .wft. 

HsIs. with rh~sukss ssssszuis wse inuals. -4.nw da the- ingc ismutioitijoin: (1) A sssraisss sal M.1N)-ndss lassaga 

IRusWIS iWen' isilisri~n sti 91w I3v latinfl. In tim' firitts itith s'aopl tol'estshn after seach lnirvel-I X 300 

ts,,'t,su.-ii file 11. X 1101 (2) ssin'slhle als-i t~else wsa wafrcssisle, sanim (21tms :1l-s mninsr4is utith 2 pvis 

asitiislltstfis.5. fils.l-%Aif5IIV-1'53r mp wa s l..45tis itstes' Iorwrisyq lusti-O6-3 X .1610 121 m'4wi'ltiss. 

gvrdsiIs vlw~w #o sal .n.re m''~sm in the- frs'u-rsn 11". Iaas.iss vhint voewt #e,-414i ovin' ehrsaui~ws 

nslow. phmiaIi too givse a isakesi imasiul. 4al .292 + 0.15)1-st. 

It wns iemva..giat that liii.4 rrfla-iss5 nxthls aii-i'- 

:1u111V Is's'. safl l's .'spa'sioisiuonElis ill flai wi use s39linsssas f-dsssus.4s 10~ Ad (lUplf 11.

loerrn ehianow-ie'. Asetor ee Ihe-ae wew tvitritileI priow its piro teo Itavr t1wvvii, ri- emioo I 'vitg In t aWnW the 

pulaing. lenirasl eoml eel' the ernrtrilelg raw and the nen-tsit at 

The (441,0104;11 "Norlt"ieia60 U5en dreawn friom. thjee rifling u.eiffieie't-rtv larve too clirniinat' tloe poe"Isdlitfr ee 

,a~rue~iPtuon: 1I) lAS in the rawq. eel the "mhslee' .30 extereeeijle I",e Inv. MeerWee'r, lNarvu.I peirfeer"nee in 

bervisk th6- no "o ohs- Grimm 04mbo. tbe pw ealftrhe ehe agw n rem i - 

p ter wap SIN. svaebar t 4s eel trioling and taiper- wooco ethIe- iurgr ueide el 'he Ideunerar. Seime harrels 

ebftuuiumi-plat ins the laippo. Uwhea thr I X * oreeloml. with qhokluql niuuleue me' - Itru.4, loot flee .r~unAjA 

ode wasw oinplowme'i. the smirn-e4ife eed the dronmii..m.. 

plaice 

,yopeeltee amew tplifained. 

1 luma,r'e emith eheehueI metgie&u woo nonouickeialsy Thew firinX ,etrweluk- it eel to tIM th~e hayrela at 

loetter thin that tof a eestaewlarl luprol. Andl the' %-P- .lorlo-ve', h'noning (;reeuA reob waitsaeepprootosl to eto 

Isort4dop, wai slmaw 2S We apat kvt... Witk this vie* ee 1114% 3flcatod letrmA ow-pariptooI lp 2 ipan WaO.. 

3 X 300 (t2 veehethdIe. Ieeeth arro-ti'arr.Iire .inel vcierty. tual. 31afitnwieitnin~g (el the win and amntinnitioa, 

FPiea ree mnour lorterr fur the rnieal*diee than loee the and she norfropr repoin-eve'met eel Pfars during the 

stansiaril lommi. (2) 71e stelt tý13 eel Arhenmitm als. tre~t itmouallY Ismveniml 11 iop Jeeelimitie from hieng f&. 

pearrol toee himp lite ter in th6e huedv thaun the hotrni lerwAe. Vewnw'lpeeitthv, it weeD fhiff-irlt to co~nPam 

ehrunsitiom. Nit riding the lumoe. in tookliewie tu plating loenna ruste in etifferet 'mu.L 

it. was, silvatfa~ma'. [in general. it can lie Paeidl that ed.roomiurm-plating 

the Isun. eI raleliber .tit laine, wuith or without prior 

?rNff c. %xv, Crown-smu-PLI-v .%ra. .0 

* 

(aJLWer It luanjtrl, a few Iel Wh"e h-Au loeern nisktfleig, 

remold 6e q9cpwrtd to ineveaeee its life by a 

farine-teaee at leapit 2 or 3 wheno fired an a mehedult 

whirl matd wear out the standard steel barrl in 

21) to 3W0 rouandor. 1 

'Fhereelore, the inveatigatiom 

tricled. amer dirsmeiuinu-platewl. It %nas peefla-celarl 'v Phejsuihi lie econtionied a-hen a omete meflable win meeb. 

kimpartaio in thes rhemaaaltelIawl e thso 80he0. 0 availuile 

CONFIDENTIAL

(3ualiter 24. 

BARRELS 110TH %mujLITS-LINED) AND(I) CIRO1it UNWi'LATED 

RV J. F.S~i~ 

0 

p 

p 

Wil tN? FvIIt tiri "AsPIPRvtnt Vaf:i: anmipasn tog I-lf mrity-Tllig, is, harga4y the "fitt uf10oft 

or -C(11t Ill~AIN vrm CLI HFR ;.51 .nhiracgrnint alhenda of thme liner Ivy musials t4 steel and 

AIRrRF ~Rr NMKIS 

ofas th hernatia expansimal .4 the liaan4 At the high 

tamp..mrtiaae Okwftjam 3.6i.3) alttiflaml in sevecre firing 

W IILV i.To VW.4 iaaad ~ . rooliliers Jill witl, the .e-qahsn~t fnibaaý .4 the buallet,.m loscesimas the 

sairsol uarsimir m lstamloss AI~ile-limaro 4oab- rifficciumgpniiierl atial sttainsulropd ir~u~ u.o tit salable. 

,~~~~~~~~~~enilm. 

in Ota:pter 221. :anci nitrialro -tnal chrownitioarn frigt. atiail fhll'Ianruka-nzzc 

p111tro 49I a-ml.arolw in (hiler 23) ware losing ilevel- In eaminotrn saa*. isntiiai rlr~kdmu 

4s,.qI 1.v IDivisamn 1. N 1)111. at Crone ('.milvany andt clnaiam laatabiarret Amr.-imua tee vteiOn 23.1.4) 

I .'..h "ea 1.11"ataory "Iterliviva. thai. Avonn- a markiml jtnalda.Vafnul lint I I.lhcovwer non. 

tri. 3,a14 4fii~l Bqvn11t:agr' were nmetil. It lw .ag.ai n it e plt.Iaitted i4 liiaarrla. their Insit aseltataflaling rh~name 

a.vjalent that a thirtl antl st~ill lorivrtta'?- torlumhaad teriatio wnis a ivapt imoavnicraaenft in acertacrry-life. ihge 

rt-aialt from a ..anltinatitom .40 floo satelite liner will% Ilong artaarhivy-Iife of this tuarret i. lmorgely the firpolt o( 

oki-maossulp ti~ hrmakaa p6a6e to the ,.tn4 later the Protoistn-repixtant rhokialwdnm..uir. othicel isa reahtead 

of flittehr. ts 1henaipun. tlw deen et( ~4the apliiaisileh fair mganitnitting ,-lahaiity of lsaallrta through. 

..triljtar-linc~t anad etaraonsitini-,elatedl barrel waith ch,.sked spo~t laing latanatla (ax aalriaaaiy aliwivaraet mnore fually in 

muzzlte(or 1earoriinaiinsoian larml)wasinltialmlat (ic4 Serti~m 23.1.4), andl barrel. were rejerted faor exers- 

Wlymoicral Llgaatwi1 y~ -111141 deetopel' Is ,v thae rosaiwrm- Aive velot'ity dtroop long beforte iay tirred any imative 

v&#"tA slai .b 61agossiamatry. flhe (*mn' CaiiSIPOnY. Rurte heiI1lta. 

final the Nzatiaaqal mamaes" of Ssmigaralft' Tuai, the Perkimsninnawa 0 the two t.'ports of Imlirawad 

narhine Via barreLx. ,atrtite-lined, andi ni- 

Ku Aefre-adveomiueo riiied anti chrgnsii.m..pintrol, iterr a~lneiiy 

hngoarc MahntGiheres #a fornser shoiwing a vMr large imaprovemnent in 

Lnpm arhutevelfarity-life, ed 

thec tattler in samrarrray-ife, over fill- 

;Althotigh the stellite.lineot laaarrl pliaowral a markrol num~lifieat sateel bisarrelat. 

iniproien".et in ageairarsv. 4 * 

* 

ie sover sateel biqr'rela with 

no liner, as ikArieenavl In Settioan 22.2.2. the muaipt gMU Preparation and Test' of 

oci:tAnnaling ehaamurteri-ilir .4f the I~ntal bsarrel was~ the"omitton a s 

~~~vast inpfrmnenstent in vritarity~life. Thvia Iaing velatity. .im m o 

life isa the resists .4( te' phaitnomiid .'i a',isat~nq-e .( ithe 71m, owtdcirm sit the (;eephypicuI lAboratory tif the 

liner msateri~al it) batter milargrinent lba aithi'r Iciasaer cta411e of faulaire of calibser .541 loortrija madse it ieltii 

Vam; eroasion (rhensiral attark oie melting cair loclha cair that a bairre! hraving a comnbinsationi of as short breech 

liv time owaging impart of the Imallet.., its faurt, a oaniall liner .4( ttellite Nto. 21 ;anti tioperedc'hromium-plate 

ramnatri.'tiona of heaith lumlnaIo Kn rsaw-e ilinmetenac too- ins tlue "feretlie Isom'1nbi1 of this linewr schnsuld have s 

arim. during the fm-tir giflast a)4 lirse resalting in a ye- liminra uvi'rult life than either the satrilite-lined or 

Iteit * ineresa.'a and sarimncg sidditiosein liri qt loosre en- nitridled sinai chrasnaisim-plated barrel tqltec".a* ý 

laargetasent analvrelasity aleerrit, 'cly take plare very thi,.4 uadvuitage 1.1 4,1 d.ocemi..atnateil Is. the CoeosAlwlY. 

phaysical lUdwsrotiory a cmawperastive pro~iarst for the 

N~alie onesga it the ailain ,..''enl irtinai 'ch(Atlel isi lin'plr:5tisinarl t ez-t ull at( 'Cblltil at arf elma vas 

11--441 t-a'.tiasn 2:11-31, theiraild aimizzle %vrlqxitav Ailil lie asra-igeami tetweti m's.(c.%pýiraia'l aicirahrstory (aril. its 

littlei if any Ixlo'!. the initial ve.'ks-it v and the liner im .1 .eiant rart at for pjitat iti. the I). scstar-.1sirvisa Cairpor. 

relatj velY aaaw landtawi.mosar when the hsarr.'l is rieretai- matton am os Cru(rmaCni (a aipny. An a.' litional -advant age 

ftur imirvs'aara'y. 'Me relat ivel y Awhasrt a w4i ,'vlife, tie hoiapi41 fo r fro au fat t i e a)e c5 hrwmnitiaa pL.te ithmin of 

"Sms,.1i D,,~aa.Iisi,i..a I. NtDtt. (t'n-..s Ai',1,1, the liner gan.%:&.moving .4 atnaegie"tfellite hay tosing a 

Ueaqt'~ t~J~.aai~, . wa'awtn'ilaa'a, ' Vinortmapai.) aiioa'hs sho~rter liner. 

CONFIDYNTIAL 

473

IT, I1111-ts"Op 

4el~ite isi. 21.. sid"s~~~ do :strill( 9-wtin. bw snotho.is fs.irsitiga~ vo w..n. niu skm hri o lonro 1w mind cllo-l 

.4 ~m..It.,, .*i u.n al, fornf~~iowo itli Croo.. ,' soloo 1111% .. l'iv~nnolool hss 

C411t111Y .Ir~s~~slasIM 11411111 :I'Al so *Ui-fO1046,Im1 anJr~- I. 11,.- vi 04.1".111 n'.oisings f ile-t tirin ii( vv .a ~r 11 

lif lsms-simms :sts.stos.' %-s n. its. ninolsirsnjm.inl.sI th uinsI 2h. now' lu'I,'it the eva'. tasioriigt tirin Ise rlaive nunits1.1 

pitso Inod low I ls.'-4Jnoi..C sum wrnifdidoog W41'rti r145i111i * kiwi N5V,'I r1'olwut' .tt'I165igi'nftf 

line" hit( Ils ...Iriil.w lo.2.:tu 'Ai, -. 11tmm's'slsn 1k~4s tirin I.tin.g.. isis-f tsiring'i-A 3n1"iole..nrt vont1win ww~t~ m-rl 

Cues, ~ Oonr'usssin ,Fsaintia .411 Im':i~tI %vrv ool 44. .4,1,. ick Inoi.4 ligst. 4-in-~wans phoonill In. iin ufs's4. 

as u"I the ".."1.nslogj4Ils r 

.a 1ss hamg. Avri .rp~le forrs 

%k sri% .nrIs 141 Ilk. O nao"ss D41,1sri~l,65 lu(4W l litsls ivn- 

.le Uaav 

flao1. I :t.. In.io'th 

aleitat ko ntwneSa neiwn 

- 3v uodiqliss add od 'i'tm'4.itra Weill a~s 

Iist *.v Iemo. to ass hn1o4 41( ih. toll .Inn Wsss.-n %s 4rn a Olisgrlo Inuag-ia, Iwk'. 5srtic msijul3uo.ng4 

vonir..3 .. s..ws I~I.rl.rtrn wsith s, 94m, so-oot'L 1 ln'sW "Oo.dml SAAKuit~in 

('rsino 'AM 44-ssss -rnt. I'.tnwIis 4 o 136 sts'td- s4jurfooten si It js~sin sk lko oi its .llsnake 'smI liten-il ion il~ldon 

To 'Itvt.dIivat files' inletoit(sSs I s's.iss'm haisin l s''asi. ill f,',i:,I. lsrst a idsgs s, entoi s"s 'tio isi losrit.'d aruirnrtl S 

tillart' In.. .ln it Il,'se s-finnn zlollsi .agndIesusj, ids 14n.. ' .iw'ir d.'uilon and sai'iju ooit-tortten est~iuaS. ooo 

6l-i.. andl t-in. Is'ictisoh 4.Iil~iu, ljntw'w. twos w4 os-rnh sit btsort is(iun luvole h.h ul16m toe Is% a orqrins s 4 v interliv-...iuus 

loar . us-n- loriocisn- fsow it-of ty IDitismiea 1. rnitt-sl -,itssrs'to. A ss-w~ihoshw ad 4bp hile tvpr Vali 

Firing it-4o '4%nsws'I floint lsssr hn' Icosning aim-n.E .4- tIlse ;slls 1 ,i'd 11.' li- iring-fol-ofs- I.-'lovltt in the .lewr-1... ict 

tusr-i hvsd lost little stfc.-t i165 li'rfswntaner' asol duit .4 ouixs-ricoo sits-bin,' join lawns-Is annd in IlseIs-sof ut 

lb.,. massusfaiti-iring vintigirrit11. wan ssis otruvev-.rt.. pnovsrsmi..np nos~i,-rsnt as-a fS1il~~l~i~ Thust initial 

fislao gzt-a ca. illnolis16ln u( lsorrfswirmn-tiv tst,.k- the' 

CCL Firing Midduldr Ilse wo.lws"itoor resiwuitel XrinipA intlifitote pes-s-En-n 

su tnn' rnd- the orvew-n rs,.duitiinno 4in rn~ualormc Uengh 

lhiring tho im- .44" dimtiwf .4l Ilse 4'esmsUnalidal- Iusis'I :31 frs-slswnt int.'v'aok 

Iisis-o n s.t oI k-w,'rilxqsl a:ios. in fleoi. k.-vt-louwnortg s TIls('e 9 ..sIwssk, ocelr -nIL."t fur a liong rinminssonsw 

fi,ruiance-s i~udiidse'rl too tstim-f.I.. 6I1vstis.s its'i f, hsidcl...-I ps v ' 'AXj-rtswitI ptns~a lits"I in five. Isoisotn' of 

this- thatetstr in 4.irw24.2. 21.3, awl V~ 5) it :is- IMI nissnils .'?uh aill, us 2-ininssle noddinhg insterval 

ftvt'ourt lits iit-ni'f5e' lidd' ,''l.4 lI... tirinic-le'.1 

abs-skit-. Ilmsca r-i 

Is.'tst,4'n lssss'sslo. ors %sonli g'64g unit n~pss.i stisf nil ertsol 

t sr. VI iir, tart onsachIins' pus floor- s1(lf i. frtom, ,inurmru.-s'Y' .VI'jstr mi-t k,'vlstiling nisllet .1. 

n'. a4-rs- -s (it onpis.'nsw is life aitw ;s..rf..nsian. Its v'~vo--''i~v, t'ls.'if ,v tinuqi (fort'.lter lvit 21Y) fiýsi. orx.'w',s 

anititosI~g gprt.%i,...,l Li.....j ts1a t.at I~ts'Isl fitring .'it- tuisisgh' Mo,l~ its, :itit% daniterif6s r-tisinil i..i- .4i flth 

osissidlitli' Ai-s nflirv fsi~t' give :loti atlwsil 5'ti4kibr- n 

ui~crn. .Af if 11w ItI~st 6's se1l intsq Plop Wori~ itst ts's' sfer-:s 

i-Isa .4 locirrtu4n l.swstina~ r so it-. 1 -o' itid.ale.. fin,. (till NiXI-rsossus.Itrsimsls lite lriti-4 io etwol-41. t53 5rN1iopr fi'5159s.' 

SIMOs-tIl inlli O'. It 11141-1. IK nrrsl-.. ~t,.' niit~innssiitol fM nitirr'. Aviutira .% hitrig it kor-tfoI is 4lp-.'rvis' tY liv h-unti 

"it'll A -4s1141114141 'Arl 1i11Ai it I Will :i usjjia ~iu jjj isss s . h.f 1.. a :ss ~ asi r ,rn'l . C-'..I.. attIs hut tsl su'lit %. iitirat5 r-tt 

..sn. iisf!srstaitg,,t i16i :1 Isiarr'I .inIs Okaf I-irt' 4 .' s'.'till ttsi'isý al'. i ft~kel A.11'.:1t,'. iiliitt-iI.. 1`10is"i I 'istits a 

I... linsi fi iit .4of 1sf i:s Ims4 ar:i.,un-sl~vl' is,.'. 'I%.v tn s its.a.i~ ,In' fs,r a r~uilssor .'Alau-ir-sat I..irnul fist.. loss Ilse 

I raitl'.s. so( I iW'-p1 I Wit'isd' Owpn '.sAiss so iil I44 ias- CII...1"4) -s(Isisuls. I.'r pucutisli' tnif'iI..' -l~tsi4..' 4I-si-tl 

j1disil i.E 11".' n i'. rillc-Ii -1 .".d'ls.ils'. 11"iw .' s nallu-s iI,.' Istigilt 4 th lit ..ig o- .t i twti..s5 ussrf - s~iloo' nn tsrciI~. 

113INFhl)ENTIAL

this-6- m .1,11-1 -til- 6n~ lok .. :.I.VA di,:tinm~lImmrl f Iill 

iotainl'ln .. ~.. .Vt;:1 4w. Odl. Ii..trimnwnial vi+-isy ;of 7%~ 0. C114- ioe tig.,w, la-I soft sKaw ia ts 0 "1 

uJ1h. 43111242 M., 3.h U 0110w~VI W; atill R&Ds- IWOMP~ O it.. 

TP it 04,iisrli-11ft>0V r.ill) .4~l ysa,- valor disks now".. "ariarul t. 

ltun4 2 5 

l~un 3 

3A 4.3 a) 

rm "I % if VMS 210:3 It) 

2 ~.tnn . rf~ 'w. 

Muz .., W en aI t 3).a. 

*%im 

rot~oks n-new . 

~ ~ Risk %I..tw.,in 

IUn~rq 21110 II AL 313 W114 6 f 

BMW;.e 2 ifl. iaror- 

[ilmet 4 -tin.2 14.3 23 mm7)6 ng6rr,-v-A" 

A1mb4va 1W Imitu trar ill lo i 

IfsrO 2140 2= 3. 0. 112 12. fie16-heis 

som 

ini itri . 

* 1114. 1 gnaw-e gMliia 

Ammrnia 

InnO4 3 w112 143 l 1 

-~ ~ ~~~~ t ... sqrl.b-~c. 11 

*.0. m 

rho*m 2JM a I 0 IS211 w ? 

inolims-nelse loug. r is Ils wlow ilg o-rintintitt.. Imiss-t (11--21wlnls m.llpilnts-ll mim-losilhli 4 *fll 64n. 

whit-h in nil m-.g-,. (wolimewt9i bY thes reis,,lar 5111.-r,.eent 

grmp, f nttnnjmieeent fire. All .4 file. very- onujtsriow 

laromri whisoo .iiiavorhoimwnt itle..scilovi in thino chnp.. 

linetowell-r.n n;,jnim~it.inidv c'q1 ,idvant in itwrf,-Gomner~ 

fit a lmon-i titI: % a !n. liters Notf nos plaift..slanl toof Ihoo 

news-. Tnw wlntea. Inurow Wilih if-ir. limt Was (ar 

terv worme fr~fvol e-0 file (G-(;1A31) .4.lleh. tsIWelK msile'-fiewl Its ritwv file n-gums- ,sfc.he-Iif,finil Icnrom* 

.%l%-NI2 aninhitiesnt . Tuer n-nult. tns. ..u,,minotr-ol (Chater~t.s 221 ior tIe-' uitnIihsl and rsmien-~lt 

Wllt, I Fl~ifsot fl. Ius.!'s-s ((1mphif23 ZI Iyriciolarlo kisll tl-in. im~sititivil 

~ ls-~oentu.o( Cmttiitiok~Iisr-n 

hilti~al tir-irtot . 1, I )ivi~ti~n I son 'lmet wlvit:tisal ifin - 

Porhivolils'. 11iiiAir Csurp.. nntil sonldv the. ln... lparrills. 

a'enltiitjit at:,. cnsr~mervi.,sl its rUI-r11,4.- t-mt. fil te 

"rrIitn el m lvars-s oitl It n t-in. lipm-r weith plate 

,s .4 1ev litsts-. lgv~idv*- fihe as-c-rv kq% (n CC114A 

c..liI a.; ...cft ;irerao licirri-I.' nit Of 4-il.e. ti-i,,..nutil 9-i-n. firi,,g m4Ihe.thil, e,-nl in fuirSther- its,1 a 1% Dt iai,.i 1.n a 

It'oitlt sm tS,,'t,.- Hiow "- .4 :4 1islit. XNo. 21 alosi . - 

sI,,.,.l-,mgiz .- f- ilt.rnjut pial:.t .s fill fi ets- kie lnq t. tinm t '2 -1m, .ld a I no m-16 firt I-n its wu~a,, t i,'nog 

kro . ( in (CIn-u i tsen:s mi-I Ioll :situ ittit, 5iiifivoi ý.,Ji.e igmer .vS,. .. rs.. It)) .. m oope ste I O. or 

ol fI os-fi t in (l f- ?1.3.L ta3.-~'I 

CONFIDNTI %

vrato't * ov ,.of."4etiloo %as iooiooo in trotss IOY 1i~loet)ronooe o~loqlI i.o, ruollar. f1.m. lipmg %so. oPlorvnk tire the 

DO-Sonin~Wtil oil luorovl" ololiVAen%1 hw IDivioi" 1. OVISIA414h Off 11101 loINt4 after it hadI lp toonT"'ql too to 

Xo nIiLt &a the tiring tvesotoo au rvv w~vow owls-1l- cvlit: !i.r oowor the io!'akrao povfvitew. It woos liwrteqI Pe 

Vkis tow 0-sai 46 .faq 04 1 ~ oilmo 1moinples us td haiI. omIl0IWl o h lCaowatj S in. of thie 

olL6oeAoruo. flooir loooog aoeirormy ~awl vehoit y livrp& fjioro amto I in. ahorreol tof Ai. hfirre woo ..ahsompty Wp 

pennitti-A ltiring 4 mef doitroloo-.t ln an[ oteveiity that 

man~ vI. o the loom-Is rai.'O 

in(oow'rol. 11m- weigola ofl the o-tero hail too loo- kept at 

1 ;n0 a oanpoonoto . Ofleyi~ me 1 a nonm itowooo ottioor te incfra'u in Iosoivel %1o61 h tissld 

niptoorin out ,oolonlv 1o'r lo motdo coiol oof the have odeoot-m-o4o the ert-ie rate, oif l~rre oo thr goon. This 

loaoy"4. A114h laibin'r raft ls' tlimiotatool 1wy venfooeve. nuallor 6o oifst-soooo mote foinv tlaler inS rOrtiom 24.3M2 

Most oil the b""sL. oShloob is elo,46a..,o us tiw r s 11M. onpoaoneioiso oinlaM u n14re~ffortoWegP aft Co*O- 

A-v4aow ,oool o start at alooft 71.4 ino. (rotin the Iwreeh 

eu- EXTERtNAL REItN FORCING St: $.FEVF: 

FOR 14111110:-14 

lift I~I~tt**Lonot 

anodeton too 131,j in. Inou lt th re vinn . 121 Aomner" 

atoh. o4 WD t~lsout~q 14) to~il Nr otro4 tilling are 

rlsfotooy. 1.1i sire %ioijNoog oitlither larrl ahred u( 

On a m-vrrr tiinoog A!,hdvoIob. me.-oIo :0. Ilmo- ME~.1-.10 0". ' 4 mehowlonle. ctai tof lifo- .1tf a oolO~too looltre io 

bIvosng aluoult yw a pefllunoslt o~timmaisnlo u( theo1t0 

im Iltosm'101 lo01 lay nt~l gtie encoo 

imelolvemoio' ot 14 o jlotoifo the eatreo Iiooo. cost, and 

'ao4-Jo. a^W 441 #Wt"I~A ploevept ohoouol Joe fixd in 

bout jo% the .' rogiom f tel f.so~avoI o.1ol oof the liner. -t~ve.uo Is Pip sjwridat the at vndoIrl,4 the vt4. 

11w oijuenoterof eveitto jot tho. uoiotioogoofit 411W IRM Lot, lop I-liooinzte nflV poooitoi~lity ofl tluir Adpping. 

wall 11Y~i flou- tlK' lg) tonworoait.nu. bolring the fir. *1oP' oximo'nnw-ntos wl~ls 'spo'niail ruiotoiOr lpartel, dtingof 

ooost. ug ,. i~on i .'eni~o ",.i lvigono itt .4Ijilo-i in sertiion 24.3.1 sooipootowt that nupot of the 

of (htapbo? 3 41o0%0 two caids' :to) makro-a 10.es14o. IseuowIit ul an exdternala ninfo weing oleeve might be 

.~Amoote*1 olioriog firing. It Aohoaloklo "den thgou l .io t- oi,. prwiolowi Is ~6uatift the ftorM4 to hare- antaioe d&. 

tortiom was principally in toon. planer. tlltdl 4it'iwoni soir- nwrnouiotoi the ann, mas thtose tofa hourel wills a shrnkoels 

(with no plate alutot oil the linori wilt alsootoo Witen vrotornat A-.eve'. Two alternative drogso;ftor"Com. 

ojut in the -:ome manner if the firing of 1hong onti-to. 6. IWnati. t n"liote-k~ with intrgral reinfurvemennt os-e 

rontinocul tongo enoooogh. lien oue of the rmooh hoosiorl" le't'pnrru at Crophyooical ILaloooaotury amo! somoe laracrmlife 

of t No Itttti :00 contonpttYO to te "o1,tai- veto. wooc tmpole Amontiem to tloe,.. dolo'igmo wohich a 

bin.tilon" lnaoon4 hoowetei. firing is tosotallt' otoaopril doleugnato'Il so "W.A' and ;I 0 r igiert- 2. !t wsu 

bofore thet loirrel can reoptito?. not fposoilole to make ther firing to",tsooWore termina- 

The e~xpatsioon of variooooo paots, u( tlw- Ioo.ro'o waso tioon 4o the' oocporinocal ortogram toil Divtiuon 1. 71w 

estimated" on the lomioo~f moar gaiiogrdlta and toel. looorwlowo'etotmre~l over to ther~rnarorri thpartntent 

o-tde doli-owtor nicoiotoont.'nt* no.,oio in'foot unat' after woith tb.- 'emonmemnotlattion that thette test, 1* made. 

firing on a itioomloo'r of -rvintfoinatjoon' andl othoer liar. tirinx t byt. liv Iitsion 1, aecrojolingt to both the 

ret.. After firingt tle 13-rio-roono Iamb i on the C(; ~) I.-U) CC l) anod C((;AAWt ,.eheolles maobo' tin otellittoolelw.Jole. 

"(-orpmllonatioon" toaorets A.imooed po'ounoanata flow. 1 barn'ls -Aithoooot plute ahrud of the liner loot 'Aith 

expalt.mtoa (CI4obol of tieIMM. aoo oA t 11 too in. froomo tin'te niofooootioo soa'to's ooltowotl that %eacht luorr+4o gn.e 

brereh. tha~t 6, 2 too 4 in. thm loloni roo ed oil th itoc fog. efopoiouiho-ruolo inoprootoo perl'ontoonne. ootr rrvolar 

The a'v.isrg foot ,aento'o'n 1bombs4 noami-1so~ wait ,otollitt-loooiul l!:%rro'l*. Aroe'o'ooinvl a fewo Ohotooanl4 

o~~~~~ool ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ .Jo,. ~ leal ~ mil ooo N.imOt-)totto' lone. foor %.'.rvk trials- toda 0. towomrt to have 

U(filoe Ii nor 111 voN~p111too-o %too:o- :4l M.o11 thle nottlo'. For. foo-ti proxhirooooi at Cranoe (' 0Oipityt iot% the' lIkte mmino~le( 

,Azird ofl thio ltoe auoooioot toil o*Joson~ion taitoomo'o off. ofl t915 uneriool- n Orilnwire DI-p-tretoooett eintraa1. 

(Ie~ool " . t his ov loinsion bm ipo too to to In'tonA if tile 'ioI Sat zi~l Pirtproloioetioon ofl otonoi~'bario'bo hr 

tpi-t u%1.-. 4f oil oo oor boo. h tie listeroo' ito ioroooitioom wit o n'ioofoorrt-1 g io treo. a-o o %%ot plainoned. Alt ho. igh 

pl'ate %%:% to Ite Made. the. mevipo'.iwtt of aolilineg rrinfifoovinot Avi'i ui'o oati 

A Amtple mvlh0-0 bof o -i uofixt-iozItoo' loe iroob in th* is rotaijr' in principle fori the' titili zat jin of aronlui itn 

ur':k n-ri.n to~Uf"Iooooi too 1.4 oo bighlo cico'fot - ohitek. thoe macthine' win Korn-I ooulniofactirtoten poe- 

'enfiallotv oetiminain~i 0w J lot-rootooo'ool o'xpabo.,lon :%nol fer-tr too imi~nofao-t tire new- toarro'b6 'oith Jonotooral 'toni 

gRMuol l- inreario':-. tb.he oife 4 die *'. idimoin~o io*Ioo- b r. viofoaroooooeo rathber than too ,'rink-toa -e~lorn-l 

rti 'As "oil "o oooakiiog it a oafa- Jo'rn'i. A thoin cyfiooolri- sb.'evo.. 

CON FII.WNTIAL

US SAW 

taw -W -AWVIVO em"I" CAL 40 a M vim r V LIUO* 

*Av Oumm &I& 

Swi. Lose 

je4or .-AW aw. M.~A 

law'U ,su."l.awussw~m NO an~ ASm.q. COMMA wtM.5ft C.~~gaw 1Oft I*Wn" SI 1.011 

(,'WWnh rirni 4 SOW we4flhisi uIstp. 4 V*%m 24 inXN1)H4* tUw~mutAN 

I-rm utUl n~li of the 'stolivo h* I~%i~u N;E IN Wi EltorrI AND Co%'"L'R 

I us Iwarre cinforrenwnt in priteraI nauls other OF LINED AND -COMBINATIONclhanpsw 

in extnuaLd ctmmuow u( luminrt' air tlwtiiail bKREU 

lotw~ rews~i~tii.4.3. MvilurnsiaiapriiWs *A& Itfw 0( 13wel Weighis 

rtailmet .50 aiEraft tlarM,~ air 0)IISII l in imImS &3. 

The Mative perfoirmance u( all 'stipsvi~w taan'elo in. 

eludinX both rcornbinafiu- Isuwirr, miii otelilte-linsIf I"Ve lve(sm the emtcnal reinfurn~si oterve had 

Wrelp Stith an cestemall rinfion-inx A1.4lwisg l'ssown Iwnuhg. otfieitIInwiittheQ(41plwwiveal 

12ter in flgsaae it. Bforeft new liarwI fsa King~s eq,1lsl jar. jAlmnitsry, a triIferent apprimch to tive msni pnulilem 

albtaintaI the Army prioslurtiisn 4iaint .11ti Wvpfr rans. ljatl IUes'I 'sittit at the ('rune cornpany', ampther 

CCWe inuivdiateb after Dayt~n. l)i%-i'm I ntantinuur. 

A~ uu *-AsLA 6"Oft A" WIH 

WTIe . 

o #5MNKO 13-LU *AURIL INS 11.1 1. 

....... 

(20NF11)INTIAI.

Too i-irnh.,ge- t1w .-Ieei .4( laemI so viff!it till I Ito- I per wel" Mitll rililorr .511 

al riiiA 

t'" Heafliv .4-idtei eijlmw-r.."Wa ~l irt-me't im-4Itiite isi.An-f~-i.e.' 21.3 1. I. ioeilne' n-4e1Wtspm weJ.1I n:IiIg1 aI th 

aie.Vmfl loared.. rn-tre- ~ 

si~nte .i Ittopposv4s, Firm- 1"). Thi, 13.11s Imre-va-Ii1in. .qjunaild ri-.eteaer lieerrw- Ii'hi a lwilty er{meionfreir or 

lo A.87 %ti I tallit-1. irte-n- th I:I natial tn-a-I re-pisa-ivo lieu. rm-mtling trips 1 th ISO 1 i1ar modw 'of 1w lunrm to la 

tow A-me-e- Itm.Is' Iw gli- cu-gila~r 111.11.lrn IL-.m ievejg tlw Isont -oeneewltaat loo-omeuael fix- haorr. 11wr Iuartape weepe 

rtlw- letith I I'itn. 4A) tmlelfnq-l -it -StmerinwlI Anemmowy naml molje+-4eel to fir- 

l'nng11 tA-i-ile au' #1w -shea-liwro? l 

n3-li iamkaeut i- its. oug.% ife-lw riut- (eiw ewil m w ;uert .4 a tuewua 

iooseoe infeW. Whompop-nc fleets fife. .4 the. rp-pthre lfr.19 in a-wt-flew e*inutomrq .4-& 4this coen fue tpfrfwmanaw.e of 

..te4iit'-4inwal lKIAe-I iee11 li 1..-eeow-lele at-a-mon-. aiwuvoll .t*lg-t~ea ew eeetuai loue-~aI.e 

#.A) M011-0 der liewel 1141.-I.ler-lee ,ellosit-la h.1 Uppi Ito viieovu lilt- liottionliveww inupemt-el son Ioute4 ivaighot 

aiwimele 3..'All e'eeationn . Ili Imcido aa-ions n-jva-iowu soas in teuta-idwatte~fl' 

getweite~tw~w fre el 

caeeumni Is * iumterptarar ' %Itila- %ie-looltlY elnsio lanai lea-ti o glop to wlceqe A-Hiino 21,1.21. ('ie-nf Ceentpaeunt preia-n* 

lihiti. I.elnfWlrnst.:u a-Itatigrill itigi finite ll I l ~. wie -ati 

loll~ t,-eetrel Ixournie hue.l wie'eliet iut %hich vais 

ite 1:111 riillin -.elI od.% a 1i-4pt~ %~l Plight iovrala-ea ilu life. -a sioneitiai It.% marhienito ,-ila4 finto" 13-lie inm+er to ft~e- 

,&ill% n.,-uear ,-le'e-lxIcte-ciI- kifmi ihut lilt- Iieu.-r. tiat- tqsem 1 erei-aeu* 1w dalenaa4er in .ue art-latinr. AUi rof throw 

fik-sniptu #h-name...lae-heeieroing I71ptoll n- 1 m~eaguiie.o ta-,.te weM-'c c!e14e1e04-11 %iih hue. 31`2 Woun Inetl .11ires 

wrora-n unitlolp, no ltigie leinvl at a cycrlic, rate .4( 750 

rpm. Twa. hue-al litem4ol wprr pnjrtfe-pil toor r-aa-4ul 3 

MU 11eetoe eeC B1atere WA-glut one. .rucisot ak1-pnifo. .eleaeweu in Figlpr- 4. 

PAwn-.e ets the.i r~is-Ten-%*, negeuin-,eeeeul foaw n Mili, 

exivr-nnal rpmoe'aur ites II- lamen-va with a 1411.. cwtVa'um 

rreinfiscra-un Alevolt (Fgivorie 311 anel 4J) (exrtil that 

m-e-i-fr:,ie. .4 IFirr hI:ianrflrf v-eefloloct. it ise hilleortcllt ite t11w ovsqlitn to( iwiu-iia---~e oiaototw r a w sop inte-gil oith 

noole. tie.- e.4Ta-ai .4f leatrn-I wei-vghi it fiele.- eva-ie-nits- so( tiw lmie arnI:"I fiw- wa-4zf w~a. 10.19 lb. Th1- perifewens- 

Tae-m st mireinlt squae-loilea litic. Wlleen a Wit Isit i it~-too wze. nm. .4 l'e Iece-w i wiu ii ane jnteoortil A.esve~e was..u 

fire-l atCi trce C0wemuaccy inllisp lIntree'neitoo aine-aft sleint .aujwlsriter Ile thatS it4 the. ienne4 with the ,hnenkeuniu 

ie.32. I Ice- eie-c-ua, riw~ceapipolY-T 7 1101#PA1 a aion p-a-vis. Tlw- Itloo-f~ .we tiarmei prr tnit of weight 

rmis.ie-n m sifle all .4 lilt oil rn-neawa-aI inets ia.lw Imelte-r, wao tolotinrciee-l frinm lin.al M-i-le Imecre-,Ic into which ciruwieaa-mms 

olwr eve-Iia rlte- %tith a Il-lie learn-i in ltaisem v in mnifi-ca-ntial xnwie-v% "aI Inve--ru att u fthat the eno-iS 

en:n loriie' njl-Ito v lee :eogeea~ieaalM 7510 rettail wih cA ill hue filer "Iw t eed a4il the. xrosswe wasn the. ,'een ooe flin cthIa 

flwopwelie-e-:,eueI taalecuat cil.#c-dnctirl On-lpu le mmlaeuerclil -14e lae-we4. Tier eir-ailt wA.. a Imare-, 

Firing fa-to vke-n meach- so. fill- OI lelejliceet Ih-puit-. (rlgceev 31) most 4c; lonving intism. Lt rnnnevaww fins. 

ma-eel eme a M-writ- .f llzirn-I6 .o4 6iin-eel cia-hltv mlse ei. %ith ;. "Veigdat .4f altiegel 11.7 Mi. Tins peo-eltorevanre 

lllieiI'' Is )iivi'iet 1 ''-''t 1. IceN'e- Iv%%Io a gla-aI~ le4111. it( t hi. I icen-I untsinle ritivaah-nt to that u( the liined 

,s-e~iuaa Won '-I-i. l1k i mi Nuo Ian,. a e-taa i v-ie- mata- .4l 

I Z*A2 ill u-peniiael 1 It0-1l1 hearn-e-. Ili tile' Ia-- lieitcg-. ill 

StlI.aill lri:rn-l'e icen- fin-Iil In Il, ce- m Knice1m. lilt- 13-1-1 

13-1pIssirmc-n- wit hiuat lie,. (Figic-. 111) andl n'pa-4eieens 

;sit euett.-aealiiiee ieeillle-ieate-nit in 1wre-diaellllives Ctwe' 

,.tj.-ljlite'-Iieae l~l-lie Iene-p.6 it 4*h auIs %e 4'*ry p-hight It' 

lpacrn-I n-.else--l list- ret, is.% 21111 rpie. cieil :lie 1I.75-1l1 ditaa-6imc ite Htin eve-lfie mr lte .4 rut-. ir h rttinso... Peuiele. a 

lace-n-I ro- Iit,--l itI- lii ulY 701 rjt 1 Iu-- cem-v . ata: -eIll- toiieecieeeu if( Im ieit-l ' -cfawponncfuu1t lnd 44.ineln 'lif1ae 

gl-41ul ueth .at ia, ' 1I4+4 v. c.1041il IN- 6iila-rIte-l it hila-. Ice li jiltt to eeicciimisuceto(. naleti~uel Igane-uI ite-iglit. 

rilen iete4-.-:111el-i wAý1 tic. uiticaI. aI. a"rt. .11.1110 I 1*-. 4le' t- l*Me I tooa Ia's~irt.. c -.e-ri~l- it tisple. 9ie-litig imteac-Ice 

u-nt cl ewe ci-iiietltcit 4 fw Ia- Ime-,I I:iare-a- a iii gc-tcilt tti-n- ,.-le-#c tI f ar te-,l istil.thuce.-cea Arteu- 

's m-iegie nt ". otuiach illnv~ ciew-- 1.5 lule istctt l ielmaisigtmaa-:ul act Ills- lici-r. nTAo linm4reý .4 ,-a-h 

34 .8 FffvvaI., 

Argh 

)i nh. l 

l ilt I t-rlie 

...t .flearn-It'ha 

ile--i-n tien-jl-,cnI. 11w. e-rt.ariel-inrr .4( lit- ptat .'d 

flae- itift-gc-AI -claTig'aai~i~ 10.9 

mc;.,. % e-i osiAvciett eeiý lie l~t d9w eJui hewt-ii-linte-rd tie.m4de 

'A .i.'l '-r~ee-la t eesI tet-c-6t'll -a-lwthe-':-%. ifI lieu-a(vtaiglet 11.7 110.1 lead ith net 

'liw n I'ecekll- n-1ii1it1' .f tcleig ti-i-. ia,#teI ý lifle- tel:t.ie ah:lcel .4 11w- Ia-in-v. 

CON HI)E-%-: ma

E.~t t v: " W Isarr %%a fl.10,41ol R OrP "ultr3V.t 

App.--mL AIM O0 UOLU omo&4 'wi-wr -AK OW 04 a - Agoa ---. 

~~~. 

- .. . . Li ..... . :_.. _- 

- 

VOM one p" so* -ag ~ o 

a-m UWLM as Le &Camo 

lA T0 ~e MLMO WAfo L U*OA W- 

-- '$ ura oWý; w., Woi: UWA 1U11N1611 

mrom imrmah L ru0A 

_____ _ ____ ____ 

ms 

IDOM. CN1IUV -, SUir-,I 

iEowma uuo O AL C2-f -o 

)LOO TO IERSICIO OTW IN Wr WAI L9 

" low, MOVIE 9WW I WA~a OMTV~5 "I OAaams SCIOL CAL. 30 AM011111" f"Itt MM 

*WX.V U.rT4NA ~ V OT(PV4L btÂpST TPC WT "t 160 

MICL PCII TAPM -De &IW ACWi1 

AW 

LSOV ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Ciipl a 

* .'Ni WiTN CFwLJO MiNWANT PM& MTNWU 

SCINCLA i..0AiATS III. 'Ni L e witoSES 

l'iU ' a-. 30i TunI 

;IE 74O 

r~~~~~uw11CO ,e.Ifn,,, u0111 -rIII.'l.r, 

CA -90... Att!,W 

Wil 

TAM 

mo Cef" "ft~sOFF 4? S 

e .', .

li1e' fitnne Ilia rtwiithlIfe I emi i'ies tI plte (,A 44clit A4-aisat 21TI. 1l.tint tholwuig4 w rsS& ~ sm k 

11.7- 11t. "37 F-1, ' -I etw-flew too :eegi ve olier ainrvaIef tsativ INi,- Ic:rnIii5 t iae.rwtiid. 

tE".t.',l etwl A.M"Is', a rfe~s $if atac .111) naifeI wi llts tew 

sarvow Ii Tkip !asau Float nvwq- 

.fitle-suigt it noigldt have Iwy' pmeesLstop Atsjtain 

~ro," r v 106nolywasw with gWelinflva 0n4il'4' MONO 

,enalt.1 v is. 441e1;I tee the' fll. s dwe unwz~i..~. n.uiladly seli-Inlenttnl. it ws." "k flu Earv' ame Arno.. 

teail wisunaI IesltamreuI i-en Is'd~'i'kI:~a nnit, 4 hwiio 3uinniiiI.5Iates l terlrylwith inte's.r21 sery4 rUi,,.s.. sr wwel 

Iia.' tisiest aeeNs 111:11i41l ioniges 41Mi~.). %a. :es ijefetsel after gonalW fl~sie lew' ineensealite. Slenri , I" -ttsme. 1'len'- 

.1I.0111 reenai" lt".w-4.' to( ai 2 111"Il. Vs'lsw'ity' vinq. 'fls aswir. not f~reimeor weirl was. skierl so seasitaism 6 

otither lsitenealro-o ties' neegunth' .ster Puler thAn 5091I tsem'Is. $'eenee tm'irninvzav tress.. asc -mqqw PWe ha.'. 

naeisewis luast Ifiii tirnss. Ilia- if"-'ee ad 3 sNie't ,'tn' hasting r,40 oa.wen* inju. lay the' 4 lains.seam Drp:Wred * &*P 

ittwqts, lOW114 'm, 1n.~'es''i'. v'v 041th1~ e~ft eI( IlM'.e ' -terie's.I Iit. Di , e iio . ISO1(' siontau - 

ples'e4 n'gilarlY iess",1to Vet nszsstuiew kieu leerve'Is otoeels inticn orlaoI liwn's.. 

tt75rventt s'swh n.it len'. t'flii s.1no-ii-i .4 eissie's' eel les. 

M' aateel illeeis'tss La'ter in Aeutleaeu 24A)~ 

la the' vate'life-linqil ajis1 e~rsu~~n~~ lelIinnel'l U. IT'Ht'OR ~ %Nc1: Of VA~RIOUS 

larn{ this'eI (i woriulrn setol 

il-e'u'isia r''stzielat liewr t:tu Ct.tnl;s .5Q AIiictt~rF 

toallys. titus'. t'ni.inrttiw ( r th r..aen'tuw'ntai sit tiw'e twue'n. nirtoriw"n -fl eto ilrdg 

5'5t.iniset lorn4,s % '-z- Il fornsgn-osa f. I.e flei 4 )ru t tulesp inutn'eevene'neet in fairing fsw- mnanr, iel arnljsr'r M5 air. 

J41e Mornnwnt %ves IN.- ):W .'~usn'~ trng.rnim vono e'r. s'teft inrin~e'Iwiie nu livirri,. that ithal tuwsrs'e psstaotsbeh to 

tailest afterv VJ !lft'. gutka. Ifir ps'v-tienfnt elaittar Peas'luinuafiaml in Figure (1, 

whews rsrnnpAris'em is., uniae ion the' door tal-i'sey CGI_ 

A8uil Cla Virt 

Insmnle'rtneeealutatles't -tins ;es'-rfentuannrthaut tarel,m' we'-n' niask' ii rn~las' WID 4150 inwehiec gum 

minot lor ar'tire'i's In. lte' mittmai s'Iailitinstof rese ni l ar ofte''. I it e'ts'h easel the' memiss'sr gI no" III toital life 

Pwttsli'1 toa', sillsia ..Ktstwe'igtlt nil'tasI to( higis tlss.rteal islia u1roll'e'tutative' valiie. In tuieust ribmt inawn 1111.4P4 

runelutivtjtvh. n'guehar tt!.lh :ircrrf aig eemS, ie're' stail asgi' Iriam, firisugs. em ten eeteal~ In Iall1 c"t lit 

at the .V-t'in ('ssilseaoicmali uith alitsnu:inies noeeiw 5e lo k-a 'ss t. leerrii we're fift'et anaul onortie ly v see ioagn'eg 

the' M.Fin'lts'ranit ljai Im.ets.' errofs. wesrrnun. IMw sitaia. 

chinedl at * 'e'.,n ('emleanjiy 1We.vivlol a teirn'S MF :ere.31 

woith dee'imomfi'n'tiaIntotns, andi 's'la-Ite linar.went' inlett'sin~em 

'sltw'stem't~etstaierruSw~itC .S(11 N4VOF HARRIl. STEFEL TO 

w.s. 11.5 Ila. Firing ts'.sss vt eanlineet Isierrrlms fossews'el ENII %N'Ch PE:RFORMANCE 

am', impnn'esvement in atieifsmane'e, esver 10-14i ested' 

Itarianu' writh ntue atsinnsiniieei esse Ion.s-eit s.tivotcn p 

Barrel Hlealinug During Firing 

prss~ssmando flzetteoffiiigi tt loandls tf low the' swaging int. Ties' high ineee''at ltsrrrl te'tipleratifftttyattaiine'esthirpax't 

st he .rsiojere'tl~e ts'i'inafltset tile ata :iesartl .t ege. illg sss'te'er tirinK (t4eetjimv &5 1.21 lintit the life'ansI rx-r. 

W~iM-n 1' titttl-iesl ashesseininiiei clad, fintimel I ear- I'.irlniane'i off tiviertine gwen teerre'I, itt te'rans a ltwit It the 

Ms vaeri to-Itle en tlss C '4:5 4-Iu4Ivese isk. I lit' In-r. li-int isl sssiit tine. 5s,4 Iiser~tv ;snl the' ith a ndtt (" Ie 

fssri~eis' ws. l tter tI~ilia*. l isV tvllitsi-hw'l lsnrn'ls. cgeee'iwy it( intrrniitte'it tsunr,'t. 'lsieu wilcitaties t- fis'nst 

is tiffesei nsetiff. Isest ties':stsess1iiiiina iniulsI iesstd sriislse'it sssrf-ml'tsi lev thes it~e s4 an erss-iiiat irse,.ant limis' sir 

fnwu tIN' hil sonnitr'e. 111:114% :iiisl I si,( i rvt5)~enut tlse'tr rsssspl't seili- 

ie.tin i ninly. now enr:ir' 5 in ;I Iloin -Ivr' tisiS lot Ii.eissll 'ri'neit'rott iii :a, highI. i MI? C'at a Ilomio 4,15 in. 

il li 111:1i1 ' :11t liisoieiissssl Isiteisiglit fil-Ist ens11 l IssI sk. re~si I liv' Isrissli:1,.tt.I RN .in. Irsatet Its' wee' ifk lot-Its 

ofs~iise 1eE"tH lien el .(fsi,'issn1 is :slamissiniiu ts. eseel evslutsr ..1) sinrsft bt n %si 4-I sn' n'i-.eeiles elesrinigt tie 

fite. earnt1. tis' t:srtjt. vshic 11111stieest 

t'it. tiriisgiji 'ti(wvrs a^%sstil...ie tesiltIee ilt $s'etjsss 

JtisesisitI Is.'ri~trsismistiv isssiiate-%sft .silslrus'e i Ilia se1:1 ,( 5s. 1. A tIviatsssryer ieeersa,' in tsr imneri-ris''e

affintljstee t tel' irnel~ir ,.jen foev el II. Iidet. F.110.w' 

ujg.k. *ret~w-.,o.Ln.~de~ke'1.uezz.4-lerenajUiM - 

'whfis .4 vn% t~l Iemrv ' au~ in ricet foifaejfgj. 

Ittg v 6A~t a-(ter. eic-evtmrl nn-i, ~.IIe - In e.i.iri e.Il I haee 5 

"~et.. ist Ijewel .im i..oe~ iennlw Iwtiai iiti el1.-slwm.A 

.cirha ,11: J wuu afort. i,* detil%** j-11Aw.64 

lww ~u. 

in i, I,:m4. 12- le- reweliegc titlnt,.n lu forml-gmnaI. uawul 

tu fy ussi-i jwtm4 ofeIrlw 4..w no$eieu FOAe.awqu~a.e AleoJoamom~w AW raar.4ee.. bumpe,, a m,~ 

.A twil ,,wth~u 4 1 a l~~i~' in) M-1liewt 5 

Liter in thic £athat moi, mleak" (4-mtit to ma.u-twitiatel in. tlw Im 4n,( aJ uwsm hurtIi4 lottins litttrt ligh-lenipefa' 

linwoeafowIUt ila-rfufltmluo-Pri 1 ulitit.-vil iii nomdclimw 11irm -i-.1 rm , 11 41itwI lertt usw lm mnilee imuiiceivs than 

pien lrean- 1 , still% ;I Ottmlit.' liM-. ltitle sor utilleewt emliier~v WDI 4191 teurbnt lnai 0 lsame4 ulMt to pm- 

Awdlkl-inuazhit- ~ruismitin iii eL mu.A amid I Isar linaw, hty tralif PIwilntusI emul tlwenw. 

uteO0.90 

at 01 106. 

. .... .. .. .. = Z 0 as.. U g s00 1 0 a 0 e 

- -lIN.f.1 

1A mmho vn!rý hlh- vsiwl , ow lw'fa-410frr 

Fae w...... ma . ie~~'e .. . . . a-, -~ I-e,e..e an. , r,fIatilomo .w e d i, -,t' !.' *.. t4i@ ley 

(:ONIIFDENTI %L

Sjoeral tM4 %14is ow Gu lla~ool 4 .4rasa ..n ii. rife aswl prfiram e of rtlowfr~no 

kSI II~, ~ ~ Stn r~w (.mn l~an4.a Ikaav,4. 49ith aw~l %aillm~Iaun color bn. '4wk1 am 

1ton gain'i-w a,. . a:risaaa. oft-ri. asuml ;jaraul IWah 101.1t.. :1114-:a4 .1 ii... lir" auwl ."aaind sW'q matl enso 

inmA, w aI~.a l...n-..,.rf:,w- mairralpn. lino Frmoly INV" t404m) It purpoi'A..a 

i5vn-q im "ailms 1IL4.1. 771. col nmw4wA wan 

'vi.ailIsa rou,mra .4( liwir 6-k .4o n',..,.t:nrr to 

puhave .'1...wm .w.l d. . potim~i. bos :lmorI.ura et m 

ma'wrinalo aunekr f.~en irio.g ,'arnalitiuoa,. Tnialas .4 oli.I II .4jwtia Slerk 

.jaavrul Imarr oft.q4. s.n loan,. barhsolkad-maaaalrrhts. A 

oim pns rtao ,mahnhu.4 a 

t"Wrt Insol awl d4 crthauL'. 

AU TWIS 

lorou 4hworgalaa is, A4rtiow 21.2.1. *I1m~ pffv a.trm ur.."~ mpoart.%oIsitas f..r ge.a. .4( lmnuroai of huWaIw .utforli 

.4499t,'l Gor timair tami ial-,al v.a anol hoiw rztar .4 nrasljaiiiis Plif tiit. r wm-fmotrhrinI Monw a(44. 

lob-o .4f lssnlaa. a~ it It I,1, inortaim Iwnt,'al in th.. rIofl Iowan.: 

ad ivaunsmitallaiv aitaiisn~ol Ia' r-.Ailaaer JV1l ainrriift luar- TinX@14 ,Slni. Fuingfi arit.. (.. muwr x 1 .0 air. 

n4aoaduring *-% rr Iiringait r" bun t h. O(ftw .4arn. .12( Inrn~o d4 Taioupoh. 4an4 IA-CMl AIiuificartiow 

amil loira-6~ ait twolv'ivLisuus ,,v 0t.r 49~. 3.frc. C. .A M44i4 T (nruh. It 14. a rmanaliomm htaring SAF: 

0l.1111 1. mNvwn Ins-.. ha "Iaow" mnol..rti-on haankit-til 

mawl dt-oil +ali.lu with It d.L,4I-atoozzl, riarm~jaiiii i'la". 

11i~p stl a ivw l %iih4 .aj, 94 i Si.. 5..., v NosUt . 21 

.1omiaI tkita if io paw~lir .0 roag r *.simww mo g oi-tr U( 

Aornortl lorofzur~ia t.o,ar-lihsdaI%. iii If ritian gad. 12.i nw,,aploa. iflitani aarninea. imuarnwarorv sn with lNtdea 

irithn al -mnatkrh- liats~ai Inorwr1 .4( n-aIar WD*I 11.1111 arpitsg ato aill iii.c to4 fin. iarn.. On aiwriul tr~am with 

sesseliuan Iin 11"M nIataq4. so,,iti..ar lin.in lonrM4 .4 WDl I IV) flooM.4 the atrorria 

In ropomor~t. the uwe .4 a Itaarn,1 a.4t4 wa~h tirttw, .,114r'tt awal fth. IaaIwl '.0ra* amt in an 41CM~I too 

hib..p'wtan~nsq~uuaiaWID 1£I:4Iofinoe..4 fren .e..h 10 luing onainunomp Iuu.4. 11piauinea the. 

xmw nuir~trte ft. -o~aiqi,,agl inaimlauenorto in prv. 

f..qalUMM %IN.-" num-a.istr sain l'nnAm sith a itrileh 

a.pwail 011ar i~ 0 * af.4r (artu,%A%. m 0 CW IF oa 

rmeaulat t'.wulilissoon serrwdmi ltea %w kill* Inatolws of* 

lnert. nu th 4orstlwullI ,h~ia~ l-nuottazr Anofmtiluf 

1 

smrow floo finehrt. torm .mnlaje~vo.. loa filung ota 

plate litwa. 

I1.ci. lr J4% .aol -am,~rwn -%of. A firng ttant ~acnllwre .1 

f~intnnt~in 4 tI-aqwn lintoaI rugnt .4 l)i'.i- ai ru, ft Iuarn4d i4 3'ý mosdlrnwumi .4lori cotla.iUnfl 

Oia I them. man i, fi.t. bar lol n rronua'.oai,..rr .4( fh 0.1347 rarlme. with a 94.n. lierat .4 *Ete Xe. 21 

.effert id hatsga' .4 rvirlarailiopt ,awl ..aoqwor~iin .f .4utiorro that the- a r~r~rr4ifr andP vvwsri~4ifr cho. 

fornI a .# m o flet pi-Kiwaaanca. so( .tl~aI~aaanil oninril I'ram, this. hoarri twrw ,amprtiw to the.e loh. 

riiJa4i4 imm4a wawrrniatiaahal liriosa t.-.6.roopl.4froa I wi " f irril agatIha- waameov sq'*.earbinhlr (CM~-LiOS 

1.1 jnewalwu th:. at elY :aaut. 44 Ixorn*I -at,.aI of kuo~t a PA Wide.hh9 

awl4 slutl lomior Imor-1. 4 fire worn- Iba-..4Iah anl finu.. inarrrp %err prjriaml fin, tew@ fri.. a *ew%4 having 

0lalP utlbmot eriomt... i..aiatir..w,. t( .4 Ita4 life.. Fansle the rosulu..uians: 2.tl.711r Moa. 0.I5'% 3&.G.W M.0%Y. 

AlalaPI- alnrnal .a'l,.t~at 6 aa...Ial In- aalPe:aitwa~a noo loaarsatirh C. Five. Ia-armlo hAid . linrr.. .4 (SIiAtw Not. 21 ifi. 

atr f-arrnapg .4 16. Itn~w -ii.thu ao"I al6h, arm ma. wratra. TitAaiwiaqan.I;,ntlgI~n-ewAerra&4l~iitt ,.~othoo, 

biuairtt. IY rimaq l,mni~a,:l liot-tlaaala vaaill In-. to-lal (I nIn~ancea Dil~aintnwati famr it*. trof,o. *Fha. Illi IIorMla 

s. rimr.a-ala. It ja. -tra .eailh n-a, .aa,,,,aaI-al th h:t ,,aom final -I4a .la.ua.a~'aaa~trW ,a.v W1)*fl -tar I.'. 

4-- tw4 f-m rie- 14 li 4au in. f wre oftlji .4 n N.. 1 .a~n" .iawrla..ija. ni,-a it 

4 jj i hb..aa 

*a. "e. a..-it *aj,.j.,4a.4 in. on INII Nada 11ý i f..a~ail.ai:aaaaotri, mnl amo tier. lwwast. tia 

IV..a two loop.- *.af.9 4 a-I l.a .,g' -. r ta..-..... I.ha. 44 2 

CON FIDENTI %L

..twil Lt.rin lnvtato-tin Itarn*I a.p n ottleu,.r vgrvy Isa.*:llv iao-iwans' ratio Ivnrnl .4notteal In-tivo, 4'ttm-illt it- 

haraIsmwu-I .nfle Iia1. uI,4.I 4.Ii:.nwt.r unmaIto dia- late 4omda I fior tilt ,,n-ji4ratiot iu Pirra .. o~uI wrtel. Twenty 

lhi~oolotmrioi~h linaer% wereinsaftn.ietmal fix-lsnrn4odcIe nual woone nivivinl 1.34b1 Iuam4vi vith 1..in. Morris .4 

Kh n-in ts ON- a )lw t~vimnai I114flta114911 Gor it-.4. Tite, n-' Sleiti. NIL 211 weR issI, lost povelsm i S wv so Pill 

m.ail - oiklu4 inhusntir M-pur1t talent ted.idt144tlC1C14'14tIvra 

all se loarn14a wroy rise taa~itliat w41141 #1114141W anapa 

rudwur 211 vaifrtaft lsionvio, w~i4I& Sao Iwr. It waso (4impi 

~ l. top .Inil? .wo rmneMou thiso xt"l hwetuis,w #of 

Rory wits uniten. 1141491 Piped14 in the ..teelosai... oiel. 

Tindeon G141.' Sit-1. Slivna1iv4ie .A71114W ltypun.1I I'eM..ewor Gonvok 8 SI frri. Spriuciglrll .Affliary Pawfivi 

IDivi14qu 1 .4.a' 1.1411 raljilor .54.if 1jTIflt inat-hili1 Istin-d ihn m. I m3lbatiIer .50) djirnit Iupoaryb~id of 

gai Iu.Irfrl (null l~iia.kan 1722A~ 1414.. whj.vI, is. a4 law. I'istiuonin (;flh4I4. 81 .atli (4.8 Cr, 1.28 W., 1.3 Mae 

atII., t14%4 ýlsu leatw -jilular f4onlminar ' WD) 41Iv~isn #L2l*,O.:12C(')riistma -.I.,dwny-I.tmlulI.im~4lC.*M *np 

5t414- lentg w91th itlerio4nw lligil-1..naj14 l. lst% vointnillt. 1i1seor lurn'lo. which euustanilw 9.in. linir,. od $tellito 

ini r.mir #1417114. i%`q ti~m 17...31 novelIr4 t ilter* f#1 11.1 n #'ltervihtt aulo .4( the XI)IIC etutrai rt ut Crane. they 

twi, s~srn4-. aAt, ,.n it3.K 11f1r4 i 1 -l 14'.n. itisferiti'I tooIlw (k.nanniev Di~acrinvort low 

sereo (33-1:4~f whroIide with not f:,ilumn. Firinic tewt. 

palata tlin.. il-Ilb enlis~wr.3 Pal 3-taft l,..am'Iu Jd 111.11 

4 3ewU -- (rmk iIr anI4IV Md. 1.A Mi,0.14 (Wftum elm 

Thei Mnisto .41 te~t. C%4" d ti14linogAi aloing trp wh~irls ortint~airottl !"~n. line"~ t4 St,.ilite No. 21 wet, 

tin pwpinan~tiauu la fie, tl~~r. 4lil. 14-114141.st ilsa"-PM 

putalfrinritmnl Iveltser. 

anm soeti lot ( nine (uu~l, ny fnpr it-of. After tetmvinittiot c' 

the \ IM~l1'r-mtrat at (unea. they vartie&ivemrtol 0to 

All i4t(m Ildor la .# e rt" iilifforiti to anarlsIine Otmer t htlumnee I111-lntinint few. texat. 

Sond t VO in. iýa orn 1t4"lIot no. t41 wherther it wovallt IV. Groodv 1144 Slvol.Ap4rinn~Iiels .Annuowyalevixtc~tt. to 

practiraI . flt~ie iname tinrii~111141 faiwt this. reu14ae. ;'laricnn tlarte Mile e:,lilver .50 ;ties .f (I lis1tra- be..' 

.Ano~ithr Ptiin- oinapia.enau io % ulio'tlu'r ,llsrin wilr tinse (.rrnle 10X44 o.1414 (1) Cr. I Ali. 0.21;Ca fnrom the. 16. 

putttf"I"t rvitientl allsovinglic Iii 91114t woottle1 Ise avatil-. gida'flr.Iil~litlri $14(Caprp. l 

Two* Ihurnirb weart oiaoiikii-o 

isid tit 'loo ini time tnu~nnolulsnrr .4 a larvi unninlIur .4( 11413ina to lie litmaw inasit t~ivi.li.ly -v4 thin. iderl'. Ontuo 

11I4P 614 f 111 4rm 4aah Ivitdi-aIlaw I.erbs. IMMatryal eopen lutIll-tita Wel 04141 itop 0-211 ('41laC.. fta trod. 

Chc.,.anur.'Ia. 1Ae.#. illt.s li~rnl...4o (lin,.now thssi,,g i., iervinin:.Iiut set thme NI) eanmtlrta at 

'I(91 (5 Cr. 115v Ma.. IMP W. I Si. MAI;W C) fro o,, iI... 

c!'4601i4lSt~t-44 (4s.si@tni3 . With1 9-i.4fl.iawr.. 4- St,.Ilil, 

(7:1114. itI* lxairrvl wts tunpltearra. 

D xio-4ot!x-nft fwIt-A.' 11 

tit ithe or.Inapain 

Na.. 21 vivr..ui- j~t~ tti~liget1 firnti-o'lpen-#4It0 .jg.. Giwý, limi Mod S.. Cr:au'tar iei~l,4trn~ adluintHel from% 

poevne141ii it ,n-v1445111.lt.9i ewrs,..' tile laarn414 hail. l~iit- doe .fflclu-vityaaoliaan Sttl'1. V..rp. amgtlt Wrapi V! 

laumn-I -,.a'r-i.u'-o Aia..' in aI pl7maI ti:,t511. lootleft ll~slt I aaa.mlttl0,3 1414.1. Tiut' inictltil tnil t 114941lins to 

"r1l ;:1. ,i~lll. Aflo -4-en .pa* itistic Indio fix-. 14t41.I an114 $lpritgfwi lll1Arni.- . 91 Istielo '91:o!A its Imiwalt' 13-1h a i-i 

Iinaer-Ii- itowl.. gl.9 1-.:111 t44I I lit14'lecarn4 mia4 

itwyr 50taireraflt l.:,rn'19. (Niiiii t~it#114 ti'rininal-tin oa4 

m4 a- inaveinrita' a,"in Ito~ i", 111. .,yrrnz. lauter. file NM Ilt riallI r~l .1 t r~ans C4,nllanIiyb, Ohi olov #i. 

'.$...1 SA.I. I n ha117trn4.a .44 I.rlin ,.#vvI sono -Wn47..it n also' A.\MUifl. 

i', Wl. 3.21 0. 11,2.'5V.0.230 fr-a h iu ala' ( niilsi.. Simi. X*tl?.I. S'I. If. C ... jI1Yi'i:tlI T.aIl..l':Itaar -4"ht141 a. 

0' jill 't-in, fljwr, .4( st,'lila' N... 21 nan'- to-tr.il. ar;, I I,j.r- X It k-ilv. ,t ..' In.., 1114 Alh-1viIi.iY.1.1141. 

,'bIrrn \.lI.%, . S'i.vill-vuaw. WCit 4tai 121 C r. rugi.irs 7 4:1 h .'7Alt ivi 9ift li trn-s itil It9-tll. til4t&-" set 

CONFIDEI-NTIAL 

Sk

09I0 Suw:[e'& J~~A P1I ~l& COU gr-I l"V111 1'4t9 0:tmtfll W4VP9111'" 

emm~tete-n .. ro tee isimooisgeese tie elwegmri- uiAl 11' 1 % t gI %l 81 N M N ON m h 

KxOs"N.1 .s 116torsts vs,.eler limit .edilmuw :Asi mar. 

vietli lmrwp- 4 lisa. .44% me of n-me Iue.' (w t .4d- lamsI" s.e4uital~nA only PAY utheat 419 -d~i 1IW1" ls 

vxvv' or "Stuwsgiomitoll Amoo r . so.(a u-1o e1. rsts. moslt, ..a aaw,.f salatrual, gee., haml posuhnsoonmm 

" Ishirls i-a A ('111eue (,sess1esest ..asme -. slzssm i:tr: Cr. II.. ..sJIgeeseefi (e-4iseeq- jossouiel Ivr. eemoslwd: 

eq.-,r . h em el.egz Aeg;u liluv ~l%'1e 1 I' i Anqril 4~we-d S4ifee NOe 21. 9 i. haig; 

larstfeoeiteas-v inferior Its okofe .4 a frghelsr WI) 1~d 151 1 leeei-eeez1 rholsmsiem phie A'msl .4@ thei 

-44-As isueys4. Itieellsr :1.4ioaee Not. 21 lieu-orume f-haeme 

i~me eeeomrtfle~ in Clee suilless, fats. laustes.. loest . 

losalsvs wo .gmim " is "nwu~mo A tim, curaneti pose- 

Gmre:- 

(I- Irsw thu.,.- Allo u ein~e m.oos 

OW gabmm awi 

o4 tier law4 loedal %rid* ame A Re&dia l4 foaL 

I..stois 4rms g~ie..eea 21.21 .4 T.ýoo-% g4tv-1 l4.-e Iaalma,' 

orm. Wiioleiem Go f w eli-ifilleTItAMi "Ome lutev m -1:im 

e-est..es.e ail mh rirrw rule- id ames-.iWJ OWe na- 

is I niuosi J me-im 1. 

i4 ma tj-44+Ic-s 11.e: fiintetie-sI lI.;ui-vfloonaese-os-monto It Itarrsi mash-r 1'r-os. Psmeiuii11ofi ud i-mmms A-4 

riaueearalorlee i a .e~ilariv ot n-,eelooss,. WDs I11-10 -444 maih 1.4lev teh 1soilet ie-m fwrlw POP li 0 thd*e 

loomorre4 aith A lieu-v e-usrpi elalist- hiee* l- 44A~h Isole mev. vneette aIrles-Iismo room loanw AVA 

1,4 r~qpseneI lenioosts~,te 1 ler. t hý.-11 rt-'s.iatjns- .4 

fitio Oelee too impst~ses riote term Ieeelie-ie aliqusn-tooIY its 

i-'s F~f-ma ow im.-msl 1mm-Is remlim. a Puibiret 

otipso-ne.--e-e ien A 4 "T" po.ross 

ld lIws X..h I~ S eio 16o 111411 e-,liiui'.1 

-eHioo $1. lies eemsp ilN id the- Ai 

Wof,+ yif,&e 6to in Um. mel6 tlebisAsreltorru 4j 

Win lam ernsu.. rosom-- auwl c'. twoamemm IIormA eawnr T 

raff vItlm-I. .d l'i.oote~ee If -4))ie-$ee-I 15 Cr. I.; nopo faee~it moilssglosiew4eiii-l 'e-Ierm~l tN4 flmuitg 

114Ls 1.3 VI. . 1.A. 41.3.14* (rmes glee .'soiettlleelee 

Strovs Cowep. mewm snasi -ew jl ,. %.icus l aIlworiu 4ryeev 

sm the- oselw.' insprovio-mu-iis. 

.Al'-noitaeei I.i-li" lu-n-r Io. m.'.e ''! usqgW-e 

hy14m 'timluIu .'rnowv. 71ow-n- loomlo rme fe' soew itn firing te-im, (Svortiemm 17.M. off I3.hulimoo JBaw 

loo hoaeth-euee Illaivwte rbt-lneeiieee filsming ledS oimmelsroahl ri tmnb d a sop W-u t.4#4 eooeeewmmiag lueene ad I 

lm 6rs,"temlI s.- eseer ti ah him-". Tnes. 1,Aitse-,e ve-vy (swinsof el~Aeiue-e aiks . Ile Sam ofthe-irhigher 

mmismilmor let thor-I erse-etem raei4 aire-mely nlsots.s-I i4finglenftlormtmeImosolur~m -tom I n-F . rene-m, 

TK Hle VarN.IM . Test r.,p.Le 140oIl orttuiu .311 egtolke- themes 44 ote-l~ltc fitwfisom lU2 ebeme rts,~amitoule 

Imwoe-Is .4 TK hise lDir- 44e-ri41 glW. -111 Cr. (suu me-1ill fit.inso. sitl. ~iv~-ui~mm~mt 

.44"4 -I(.. ursoe-nelsh- leto Geeesqele.-iemul Loimvrnstssrv Iesfwlotof .4 lse rihe'sewseet.lo-Iemrse SAMle W-uqom, As.Iesahes 

.'%weesgiie-4s Aruse~sry. lins- 4.ve4 mao lir-m# le-al initt umsea tost-ah' eu.Is o ,thriv, Imooeliallluifirso icaolirms vi 

Iee ulost# V1 llsetms-ok l C. Not 14ele arn-lo soew cilsfee-ivp es ie~m+ tssee-vt lugo Ims-n Irue -eee 

dAm 1 umvyy-,- lints. NUN." td I 1ie.-.-14-14"A. tleelaegus 4 x I 

,e 4~~voemilw.fwifm 

hich-4meeu-vreeere' :mvseuieis-. m,"v- r-9-4 at 4(e.oh-.. 1 . tv. ll..eýCtm 

l~~imwul-wv ~~ i~u i an~ros ~ fite~~u "- * Ireuses rm 5..' lonssomro vd5M osel- jek#isse 

A&-s*em fsew n-ge Vls, WVI -tli -ed I xirve-,- mis soOie t So0is'ije e..s.--.....-40a..ase..a'd4 

60,.- 

mseel t~imwnyuifrmio`"n& 

hem-yesi .- so-,elim'. in -44eeies 24.2. m ,else- 1m4. 

11:0741"IENTI1111 

db S dinAb 4 

fnS

ILNe I.InlA..&E.1Um s r .lly ."oey i"10 n 

rpmI( I Sml N:.t lll:n T to) i te immnv l thsn n"1i~tai-as f''nilt-l imil(usr wpmifec nuisrsus'in a ak to 

A I-r-10mitreinft nsatmerinor 'pun Isam'lc eirwirsism 

in Omlsugte'r. :1 and 21 Satsism aam.'l'p-iljs. it 

lby flsa' al. 

nalgaerma lit taqsultiom maS'lheAA1. 

Au. psfrol~sior rt"arurrl pnottlmi wej lals riml nplt far 

lifixe-5551s 4415 s.m cr~~~'rh imuisrlaae 4gc gias. 4 -41JV0'1 low-it aryu I~~~sn eus neoIaflu-as Juuai' Oi lla'u npe 

--tlaa'r i--slati 4ab th lsrgi huoi 'mmii c's'mi 1. 

I.'tistoral.-m s'\Ima'inwmsta. A Isripf a u~c~ra ne. 

too s'r:sAsimi flip imlaoitaiacslcer cit variantsN, eshams in the 

jo~sintig janaue'clacr. Oi,, 5154' Isactixtof thus meswcn, finlle 

--idnt acE tIw *IN-4s""'vtle~so-e' whirlt le'cI lit fip J4.1io 

Icr .Ansai th-drelfaw ir I,( lhrm. inasutwon l Immrr4,. ts, 

.4iiw-siitfcwttrI~tuse~an~taq'lessmIi.~,1i1no-qI 

vp~'Iie'uhiaseeec1 .11"II flw lrnu'c4c1an. sasgflljnsrs in aStimica 

21.2.1 Wen- ~laa~ewq 

* lwru'pow. ~s'p'c'aI lssaneriml Imamsam' tIlairdIm theo1 

-Arlh Ulajilp inl arnIe., too ei-'alluutsc tile sana.s v S She. iDaaa'ir. Jurvi.. ('crpcsu't jea wc'r f1s'Iiv'em'l by bm5,i 

libticl'tal:cuti prnvjtmlo. 

Thea*mt iid elra'isu i mbss tlIj-r ..VairrrvAd 

Piton I lin ilia, Aniauv 4 Orsivitaus'c' Its'pslmpi't low, tand. 

'11%lies I - wsn'c' fn-ace lly~ taieep~pls fewr .1 4 enivt' Swe ' 

lats,'ac'l ti ii timclle xle wuv;A1114' no flc~j44 id Jaisun' t l4JIr 

v\Pprc't1ivt54'it in al a siuajt:,Ilk' Lca.Iauml ma:irs's 14 Ia 114a. naval's (law jcu14-ianas lutsi mefrlitex Pi'uclhstjean it( 

fcess - ea I aa n ele'''t enar-s,' tani nt. rlnimsimjiils lae 6 rrs ols t1w Ortslnasng, I*Paitivue 

lee jrnoi'.iit iSawsle'vm assPlien *I( thisie'w, ins 11taiptI tetma ,I5oW, the' nmarecan'c opf J)vipisein I in paisi. 

4711064l 1111auje' Wa. fte iin'aan-te J1SP us.,'smiar.iisc is( ineg pramaeslartive' 4 umInvne' rtalsts'ua'teese. Ilirmiipeam. 

awe issam'i. fits' plainig nasal s'l'e'nsqaelietuing tw'U'- sutrly in 11113 a s'esetmr't wuels n.'nxngmt with that' 

alir.''. 1hýial".eriie its (wluapa's 211a wrerl. wtaikeeal *outat .1 intsasa (;.ag ('aea'asmic iernts a"n uedlitimal pi0ul 

1114' NulI-calsaI 111ilat'ain ad $ha16ies'at its a's,linlsauison plieat too a'n'e' esje'.amifsiI'in. * u, a c'a rnttano raw, (J'inuuarw 

uiclh fill- ia 

.'n Luahsaag'uuiwry. ('inagie' Inestills. lonaalaa'ieeth e'eantu'aslos. 

littl -it WV~a-lscaagtiae. %sisa.,',. irinc Irte', anaiv rus"aetinna. Dearnag tiw' xae'linic.,ap soaflhat- Iultpr faifiat plaint. this 

finlm ofS fitiee'Ira earn+. wes'. rriasi seuit tet 'rrs'e aso a I).imelikr-Jurviis Ctirxortjan 'c eu 'asotinoisle to pre'sieslase 

lu-if.s G-1 lofife'atilvelo,. -.- tv-rls',a'itus Aniows t -au 1-2. 1Ieesai'.low(a, tc',. :t If"' (sC-441-4is'.1 Lailsea"Urits and 

TIllv to.-'Hia 1 w-' seuaa'cI sla.v list-Nfiamal Itsarmn los'1w flop S'n'oie'c'w. In Aprtil 111I3. pnueAwtieion was 

-4'ala'lr Iasias Toa gmlv flat 1w pe'ae'isrlait . re so'ionsa. a'seashatsaa3 Sharing litehsa'If' tovasnotthsasl, fitapentc 

esacer l ;Incl iga rcscealamns' till- Wi. It. J~tm is ('"ans. lczurn'los sdzitil on I lhm s'cessnitra. 

a-esa-' ill oisa Iall' 11 Isto sum'y -ijag laila. ItI' 1 a 11ie us' elui u eAstmsl miaacalas'r cif liiuur4m find 

- ~~~Ipese' prombimee'l lIy flicp ('Ircasaw (a~c' Co'sispewaiss 

)';.a- i - 1#cea loas'.. h l .g4." o ca" idooo *essml .... i W.~. ,see'e'.,c6fce m'Nx-r'ntim',els %%ilials 11 "s'esailvinntica''l ese. 

ce..a4. \."or 29es.e ita . 1. fewt~s Nal im"s.I Mlm'vc's .1( reI (( 'lmuptsr 211 l'el i lias'- trsliausue' Dt-pirst uaiwst tol 

',~eeee'I...... I .e1ce..amcl m l"~ ~aeeI 413no-nc imirals it, lasses' vil 1 rear tile' tiltri-ic' cl. 

~aaaienhui- 

I, 6M..h e c I_.- bl v3 r hIa,ae fi .. I"I'N.rifoostv'aso. linoassthja eaa etl ilii''ealee~lI 1 Imm1 a~r'c'i. i laarre'l, 

lK..g'.m.*v. I ci 1a . N 1)1(1. una,5acca..: is lsn vais s a.lit :elss'e I 9e I-la i se'r 4. Sftclit4' Nip. 21 atill 

J'..'l. N. I'. nfaia'ia %% :I-ea aciess cc' A14-:11se4 af iles lists' to 

Is. t*14111eaar:1a'v'liGe' uild gi Ia ese vO'le-il v.hfv. ina -pite' ql( Itine 

Ices. ,. Itc ci.. ,.... .,. 

ceasetlte''- 

'.1*lce I e~l~as~j~e e 1. u v ia-t , I. aa e is''.p'li, at c ua'vislatieg e 1u tuec'laflielale's foar 

eeeecl ~e esnl -'vr, aealeu Icmer'.Is 

CONFIDhE~NTIAI L l

Sibw fk s!qiuwi 1VL-otlo vAssol nu~Is- r6. R'lttls "~114SrV 

~ Ww' .,rec.'r 

4 Jq~ic ~r",~Il s..eeg iAwl. tf ileln win 

1 

elx ryINT.r 

r"'Mass ing Provore diws ire fe Nilrittn. Harel Oi erl mn4 .iti'. t wtn a r~f vq 

IL- ~ ~ 4~~h ~ Slvvanomnvgvebihmmw4r ~ ~ ~ Naakseu. ~ ~ a o sadn-n wo 

14-10s t'? 1 fV'M' 1611 4 1W TIl-111 Y-tAlIV1.4M. skls 

in Jnitto tlw .:.euoin-.1 AIICIN lfi--i! 

fl rim-of toil I~b in its lif sl"Sl Parnf~ P 

1. I, Hark foor ulwe,,.tn"46w11%. '4chst'f 

r l~nu-nial lit. 4 hsaerr- vs 'jn-d.ml. Own-looing iut. Amo ~ lifill ut44 OME UMIPf. WkVMII 

ifg.q um?? i tn-eslvmtigitv Wilioms lrsfls~wtuia vk VoP-llor iwny 11u41%.p I'e rulloole sim i 

Jufios. h-nch ol ntvii s-Kis .ew utermis pi, n',e w f- l atis rnn $anw.Ta I. . filtip Mit. .'top I % hnll %tmavna e"n~ 

ntcwth..i oeirvu w La sin .. Ills-ni'ts. tt:1141t ius l 144tn sg'l. , mi-wt in't l tinw m-fw uw-whvrr~e.f' muti co 

mntwwcv me~ul te'. .4lwrr' n' ;clvscsl.ilwG-r mi nxN .. tsnncil u jK-aS na. ucwuiak 

4 

ona tfso ravi'lna4so 044-W U l~. I N3n10. Iec i. u esle' tMuir Cmtinhsai w iliu Irn4 Isoluc vsrir. etlrn mi 4 

(non ksioorto litlnsses an~~t-g no.M. -Slit' t I, i it fii., 4 n it.l I` air. newt~ tlwe1 a'i v ir d waI ( n ,apruiwti. 

4 

ng. al mnia fill. in flo. Lngtvancw-Is(l)actlcurn lec ~isn. il- IL( 'mr esrnlls t Ch it i.,t n(n. molos i 1011-12F a..w e 

wiencc ts,gt edmm frian a ~last .im nict i-nii is. pImsrin K. anol 4. 'thit ae'ml~ titn' wils nw ube a e act- 

311m.2.3. rtuii.%nsl. 1~w. in Il- eet ,fI llcc l vihm ct ossirls r- 

slri,'i lm .Sql timlriiee ats.l -twt i. too ~itirbd44 n Im- es.. 

sr. AM,ss tiiiel t' l . oelartn mi ii. siin 940~v illr, Asn- 

In-mo u. eAil 41nn afe r *ucic pinarftime Xwau 

All i.. .W tia 4iti~s Ill, f.Stwrtec lue'. c ,il it-to florsts ad 

thi q-io s adth m i-ir t" fi-g~ 'A 301 

t'su. lolmhtv, f uix- an-n 'ri n vinsit. . o# Aw~~~e, ThIns- 4. t 1ein3q.4er1"li'- l (o 4e4T ivcn ia (l firev p ra~t. 

re~~it iniInsum 

4tIcn' 

,ini~nt t~rnl i .. cs~n is 

7~vn14o fil ll OwI ll-s i- l . %%ill 11, 01% or i t* 

Nt "ill ~ssIt.-gnoima. ;o,* 64e( o 6., iSshii~.el~i 

uits-m p s i lt ztc lov ileti-m ins q'qv*a mimiM adi' 

~i 

1t0 I. t'tten. and tintr w a nk. :i. ~k'nmrf~w 

~t.1 Iti.wf e elsan..o 1 tisix t im'rs . n St.. ,,ilre lch imi r.ns 10, .'qcplv %%itre'AU'n T. sn in wih -IlrgtsA 

id 1. Ntis dsom' gi~iniiiji hot -. , ii is eess iictcclas l w'r.'.vi J.iuE s wilt . lr.cn~rt Iw in.11. 

Al f Ai w a li.'.ss icaw ".- asin n -it l titiotilue 

1 tv .'S i. 4%si SrI lii,. ,w.ec l n. :5e tjes e1neif.114 ch ane . 

X. iNUl E *1inme 

i.wulu %ill lsmC 

tilAw. sit)-4 liaicEI' 

si j il . I.. :l t " ie.th "4s. I. elt.,ws: .( at '1,in 1:1n A. andsirirk. i 

h. StIfieS ,,iitshe ihl-um in As niece us ' rtersnarid and ic 

p-int-is ilc n-vn c s it tro-ol h. 

p oiit.' . Is. Cavt'nr t 'k.li v oidea r ri w lo 

C1. Ne-ict.*r nu ils al~dt.. l,eiiietr. aiI ),etovairp.~ris .. Mm",.. 

CON Ftt)NTIAL

(2, Ck.,n. r. Miesaft Aiw.Jvs 61Ibi last,,d I in. sovipl ar,.annwl 

A.$inle a-~ $tp Net3. s. var lorit 2 in.. lsi-jwl [ratud Mmausair twoont 

11 %wk low plastinv 

-I. ,cast"' j)6*3.I13t, 31.1 mfentratri441 :344 nitth-r it. Dip lararn.I in: 

1 

i #3,?w.3 f,44 sonflp i33 glnrie 

S44-11 No. It. assd pwak. (1uvk list -isou mw.titl insntluet 

11. Proitra-at tfu,.uli .'t.I in helansis aiel :,.1. iie'4134 

:. (1iswk Irvieip..rnt nn- to ;m'tn's4rn 

uasset rlvk aimat:9tw. 

tintk a '2 Vi 

It. Moe-Iasi tasm' its Ifgnk. *snake- i.-a---- 6aib . inaml ,3M4.ll 

arot l~fil# row sIt 3 Ini at MnIP. A p333M1134f. 1liifl331 jntcrvaloI oeIn-t for 1u,.m't4o, een. 

1.1 I'Lie iSt e Figent' I tof Ouliers, i' t, note4 lat13114 Iwt41'43 inl,.4witor titer .tof lu viranot, ..Igjsn 

a. ( liuk to ~wings-ainv ~4 l1416n 33314 i:,, 122-M~ it U34~i 44,%3t LI.. 116111 tI ,g 0ioit 1 4 Pil p -aeiet rusf. 

1:1 in i... as .1lsgf alll 1iINIA ag411is443-o. 13g, 11a 141.jr'544 o 04111i I:181 t.. Is.. ".itis3ievoI p'"ow too e543i, 

Ia. 114.'now. l,arm.1 (risen3 rvvv.4e4431 si~(i ieIv i't Iti iI. dit~,. ori 4 file- lirwww'dsn.., 'lsi. Wira slower Ity owalob 

olo.oicratr~l enter Tani ns wl ii~ntrane is. ( Is44trissuos~i,4.emit witn.ve. u v~-3 toa urno, On fhoof"W 

in Strip Xe. 0. lit "4115333i44 tIN' IriffloIe i31441 nill r: 34- bat-3. 1131o oqw'?2- 

141. (,ki-nt and~, 35Nf433k. 434444 %%%Il% 153IN44Slivi %ith a figil I . fiffilit ui vi ter3' aW4 

a1934'-lw -a- Stelap \~*is il 1 54 rol f that.1 fl3,iov434 In--. 94141 lont-ls 3443 1 4'Ie':139i1334 rwip. 3131ý41 uslere34fl'4I #Insire 

,'niuI ale threid',I,, wairr 6 ism-ifne. I", 1-ni nsgow'3.wgvhls 114 1 1W ywiluem V15m0 iselt I lPe 

1-6. (;;%law. 

A. ITeiI. st.I :arell Iw ef"Wsirsat a ngnoc- jit:141ltit 

filgi' 3$ "11431l16'11 9u1ili44t344. A #"wwou.wp alswq ine. ,we to 

difitT.n-'tuiste, Iwlesiot a ettersin l1'e~~ ansil tow 

Is. ( *ns We1ait' an'imnw 9.. l tli-isokr-oo oo4 plate. A ,sna wrido r,~'I :s :s 'aLs~e o ca', nitul.,re 

C. ('ltsletlaeti. 311ith low4 tiltle,.e.- att 14''4 :IMIi :,(t,'y 44wor viih 1...l~ irwill* mIVA. 4111W' 4344i3lhl4N 

, Isse1l 1 e anol plating 'pate'* nsqnisfitin.m Ow n avit w %-I* rato flitl 34433.31 Ipt'oel * v4f1 4card1. 

I14"e4' ail Irs,,,n'.4p. OX. awal re9ji'toi. in lw.1 ste neicl file#% ~i~tl tiler ric'anevr phi juptidli-rn) 4144mi4'. lii. 

tnic4k fe ~'i~i'It rns rea Merltnal ln,1W'4#ifi. isis ias e.lt:in44qI its =if 1, 4 a etmtnW~ia'iii .'lovire'r. 

I-. trantvIA-r Morl Slaqvtoits Final InA'p -i'#ijn. Itipoxisq. fl94W14433h vin~jng Wtlo :91WUA re W'l iy 

1 s. ( ','Ixrk finally.1 393 st4itI.fw341p41'l, 

ifter~u thr uts-n I WE're. lon tl it''4 miiotvia toosI vorinabn IL 

3'it 31 11 t. .13W4 41M. i j.i4 ws'.el #14461 144 1L1i'3. 4~~'~#w pEtvxM1t14. Aftr341:#~g al rict tin.... 

'~rn Wide',l Is arr~'i.nkfi~r d ii li111% 'M I A 0114314111t I33,!4414%l(:itrt,. 36 136111 dr 1141641 ite 1:AV441 tO#1'idi II 

#W3:t134 3'jlii WI i M."l .th "I~it qrs r4%imti'I :tv"W3-l41(. %4. 43141 tit-4". %w. q'311113141(ty" firit 

r'. Ma.Jke- p9'1411.' 31i-fvisitiwm #o( oil livronni top it-nit4-94 the, Iue# 4 the pj9 

1 44n ý.ltitit *iti the9 heat , 

Abreast. rn-i'n34 #3 k 41311no 1xvi.lnie 9'3im iiin~ati'd. 

f. Entti.'ti9'J43'fl9.tictri 333 al 11131,411 Sht.'it ont (114/4 X3. .~% 43t3 -, Amove;iii,~, oitli 3314 4341% n'4r"34ry 

): i~j.'p-il4j jim'' It. 'l1iii. Ofqitl 31334-1 AIe., -,MW4319 

I). 11441313 j;Imit :111 p.14131. G.f'441I 1'9 : 

43 4-434911- t-3 P'"~'' 4 

9441 3414i". Fige print 

a. !J~i 1)K w wr 

Sr--voei

IMrw, 1Ie16~ ~w...'.'Itsg I~.141 -*nul l. i I. 4.6 A'3 ..If 11., olt :i-wt If 11. :,,,6l.taeh I:at'. .J.4iown ar 1444n,41 . 11io 

'mlru'of, il W0V eIt" 4*wI.iri''4, .4m,.amli %',,,m Ajetl lilt- alwatij'.e 4% 4u.. 3 .f.144 V.(Ifi if$j S.1wtifsi 

N-i-mtth' ir4 vwoxiiKa"ftir 1Z. 

'-T m~eumi.:m 14141o. iffllw .. li.on. k-j4 at 122 1.2 r. n..ettuitte 210 VP 

loqurso Jm- di.. , -II:Hk4,r .4 life .1-111-6111L ,".1i4lo.'r wat lIe rt.,i~s~ Wi4f Iasien. 2_71g tlk :,41, still %InintmS.4. 

iissmfirrn sieso*. If Jim Iw'Iain'. A4-n- ftiondI i., Its. wiliing. kill ..4 ,i. iown-a,44 %lil a fib r.4314 

thr ,eliw's,.i..nal lookriime .IN t e's' w i to" Noie l..lh ww..' i the. mphiiL ýt dualm rnn" rtj... in 14w. 

Issol qu-ml3 oit.. 3 I '... IM ;ljIn I I ). If ligol sn4 ' Vtw~. Islas4 iin I ivow* hail1 Ito loo hnwI4. .U,' n , pshhiwn'.l ,.IS. 14~ 

I ' .'rvoitimtl %%ith I in i'.le' StI 4ar 4 .rngv. Ai, : it,. :it ties. folnzle' 14 a'tol :il il. i.4 tae. l.'..*- l 4-101 

wwmllg 4 ship. .4410 JIM-.% Vt.4W vejt lit'.- itu1i.l iw n-" V.444' oqii.41 vlwto.a:..3 fre.tull of oim.43'fnt'4. flIN z,,wisisti 

jef4rifin w 64411 int 144' 'itmrift",344i3 44.. *1 lninklen r'iiieitiiigi in 14w 11611l1 .tIT14-1'.l 119- 101111T. 

aislsooi,mh 

to e. liie' Aim- wun Jim. ,..lttw.Ht. %%4'n' imw' 

~LgAUnUG.W44Ilittle. a Iv root4 'IsIalttll Aithi a 6--vol'tin allow4 

140.111A. in. iin.-k 1. . 1-51[o- Ia.'1' 4.. ow. !x-iu. attiols vul 

Toninwt.,- m rt-i imm.*,,e t'r1ne.,,,4wlwmvtn',..to,,.4mb. ewwsl oirajw linghew to telf aw' t~e'Iit i-Isla TIw 4asi~lls~ 

oniusahate. Jim dirtoInitit~im ll d.iat t i 4 opl 1 in. 41 ' 14 4 6,el1 meI4. *ueln'i1 via.. .40 :.1111t. it Wll '4 , gnu' 3-M-1 .. tl"'et.1.,,i v. .40 

to. wm4-'e%4 li,.sr. 314 .1tar44 nolve-ro,'Iw tim- miwws' .4( Ow IM3 nesle4~ Im'r 'wi ft. Ai 361met 4443 inmont 134'II41 imif4W44l 

.- tirerli '4-er tj.4~w. i-iiis lift ..Altiwim tie'- Iviviv'raltitn' 31.11 Imili r-loxfl~n 

smilgeml in Aliititim 211.2.3'. *hlw' mo.lntieioms. kepit at l6. '11w .1.'.rwm..ieitsi .441. tluamm-. u444.41.-. .11141 filtin0. 

.144 J-t4.I:446iull in- 

(~F~. 'ul..rr zi~l~ni .'. o-ww4nra,4i e75i pl..w platli.. lm 'A1w -4.nm'l4 jatt'e wtb co- I n46tiule. u 

lU9i'U4t. *iwlfa I.e arid . n.ml i-timittutil~ M 17W444cl lel.iii- 4'?. 11w :,:w ii' 1xmIi ,wTaan'o 

vkii 4.' .4.p-.I b :1w ir4 end 

sakw (tIulS1 in. I4ljt'Lt Wait 11,44.1 33. a rutlolk~.h. '1114' $311444 44544111g. ,., 11:31 Ilk4' V14'.41'4"'p.4141i4 -4.1im fir tils. 

iftmbl .'tI"I4'6 :4141no'41 w3. Ilighr 44ja ite 41wiefi''i't .liilw'r wimiIII mot. I.'- uIsialm. 

4q11ft41.KI'flfl'94 4tff 14444. whirl r441 a444 11 urrmt44''4 * 1 4it 11"' 44,i1 rf'.t4 f~w~ w'w losith w:4.. 3o1.4 41.1101 in4. 

Aty if .2.1 stoop Iwr test ftf4. If t1w initial 4'4e4'4l w44 W Im'. h inir. tes w .hinrow-,'r at 3 If in. friw,, timw mtiw le, 

Will. f(m1..as'.1 11Y. an ifi'n-'n. ties. loom' nightIts 43. tn we.,.. V.c 4444is jti~i Awht3 4 fix, eieigin to. rifliing. 

'Or to I"'*e a 4 :414'. l.riri~t ;iI;.4.. 144:46 vta :i'fn-% fr-4ni gm.sl,,l,'. I .i-t4i". flak-. 

%.'.ih, t1w "Imowvpi'.' 4ti fil 11w 1 l' 41di144 ( rit. 4'A V.3 ti444. ove 44*m- Iw'itrfuivv i4144 4.rf('44'i444.. 

almuust 0.11 iii. 4ies 61im. inmi444t',' i., il i~iiiii. nf.ilie' 4mw fit liip 11"'I 1114-11'14-r .11" 341 i40.4:111' 4144.4444.144',. 4441 

offloalI4 n4'414inl41 4414, A.igh1tlY Imcn- 6I4:.g Ir,'4 njig44i14'4. 0".4 444t41414 

4 

nn-41'41444 

1144' 44 i Frm li~44.144 sill 4 

A~~ooovII Fii To1t,~m 

1414414't 

Afopsc lie- rri-e n Atrn -'.wmnN ito h il 5-11vv 

low 5 .4 ii ;t444 Vie &Ivrmism ,14'1 4I 14. r4'x imtflh4444l \%mik. A implifit4i4'4 4444.44'414444 in 4441,41 hc *Thil n -.6tq4. 

%4r 

'11i. p-4*4t4444444, 44 hih *'4,':,*wIm 4Imat 1444' rf::44' 144441 4444111441. %%:4,. iji'I- *~,wi IoI *4 harn414,I* 414r 44iv'4 hil. 

III,4-6 : Iilmmill .6 1,.41~4, t441-1 14 1W 44'.'64'4444 4144 lilt- It% ;46444 1441444r4.'1S444'lrl-4444 

-4.44'. :4..,14 4411441414:44'ilh HCw th44.4.1. i M-.v 1114. :4~ .s,'wi 144N'4144"' gIlit 44:4,w . 4 1.4.1 rIto' til.. 

N'is2122 444io i -t t; itmw dveoi %%:I* 4444 44 1. ISp 6mid 74 14445 2-i 212.. 41 .4,,. lie lo tti

07, 00 

hwm4 tliitis- 4 t*k mt .&-'-.v' ***.**I. 

S 

"140111il.IlII-Ltter 

tit %of. alIS ayit 

AC-M isitHver 

falma .is(m1en- ianthai' . (moa* ts a t ll w hiau it(rliti Iissh I I"-IZL 

it hint, ia .(0 miitms5,ss tw fill- (4-1111n4 4 w. tasastali. ln. 

wit'awit 4 .41paiii hi. thim'hit low i's .401111 N Ist-rrs.h.wil 'u,'. liso nicu fac ak~t k teS na of 

Isieis 

Rb. II.q-liecoIi avo.II-4on 

Iw , off 5pa . tw tspam fill li II*' oor tit Iss I-..'t lath'r was l als m 

06pMOM4 WVW it 14Sw'i" to'~~nt IW do AMIsAswt iU antstU- W.1110 

noh.lismn' lifWait l7.5~5e:fti it~ht s 3 w 

plosid"I~~,o -polob obinofttoerg 

[11 

nasmn fin~. sal 1 b. su 1 

NAS~t t it. Pmsa fomm 0114 *as. Alm4. j '4~ " 4f 

211 l.tiud + .11113 tl. Pta + sAIN ,."I .... 04 Of A. CH MNK A"104 

.1..It + I *... 4I.M +* n ir onmu mjag 

'11M tuwit.m.,.,. am w r~w tfir. ,tialmi-t,'s at 1114. ssaaszh,. 

waysPt itt 11.4'015 ill. afterw it halil hAI*4%6st" Isilui ta hI' 

I still 440t usistisl 131'swt"sasw1mv. Al I Ia'ssfivs.4ogt ofIsithus I IN- 

titmsa,. lit s.. tush ifiAt:,i.,es- 1ti tin .is ' m 1 11ci Is~" It %%tt aSo F0104 L~uz" 

I ;tl'r right it die,.sss~I' ismueItm ws. ma6mi , sls, di:, hiustur I 

ii' s,: 1. 'it.u,, .. is. . 1,.iis; Ii'a 1 

f.. .I. ~4 .si aia ~l~ 

we-výjmrifiA .1 ts. nal thfw 

l'ýif~fwl 10nd 

Im~zle o l. I A DS

flhVIPIT rt. N :iý4m ou.isL v t ATIm%.t. %MN11.1 S 

.i~ H 

4 33 1 

-- 4 

r 7!it 

CONIDETIA

.00. 

fug~ 

l6.~ 

... .. ... .. ... .. .......... .. 

Mirinng the .rutmil .4, the work at l4 r.ni. 11n.largrmim i isfiat tw itinp.tit ieti~m 3.2.3! tothe 

baio,4i4.s'itlt-rie g~tinvil in the tesint inEpl:.tem liar. Ilimtrelmw, Ct2~ decr'ii Z54II il iatnitite u( almiiit 0.1)(12 

fito.s 11im thtel Plirfienwthownoa .4o June. 1;, t1945i the ,it. Muen "ms q.',Atut.rlm4-tinemcntnls suppligm 

.Iitle the i?45fitr tlsiew lairriwl were cattrivivl lxe- nmay ,wwtti -.s it nslvti to( the finilttre it thit. crrd 

raibtit . lthe &v elulinent of the ijllt-lnel em. tuo ent. In a nttizlar Mteel ba;rrel, annstriction ia' tnot a 

niiam-pat:.tl larlde.cieIintl( 1ixe24. are giveni 

;u. the thiiielultinin id TiplIe 1. A rimntuarismi .4 this 

gwul.inn it-aise, ste inlngmttet tedAell isl subject to 

erus~iom by lith pmswder Oises whetn lte lkitrel is first 

.iiltatiin uithI the ii'* -miI uime sahouwo do hi. rint~t eltatmoe lirtd. tat in chlnin~itimit-lal bi arn.it- the cytinder 

in filwiit"wd611M ilnwtr. nati ti 11 nf~lle1. it was fesitnd hils to III matie~ large.r. 'i. ..towk ku-iris. therefore, 

that lit-ttgev bariri el f.n. wall raa.mil with 

srnzalter diimeteti. than, 1.4!1:41 in. Tl~1A di~onie4.n 

weretin~~ 

ran, I*oen s..., 

'uall liefita nitrildingK and PlAtingf. AS 

imm 1%,1hule1 I. liedianwetcr (32.1I in. fmns 

.-.slhI lie even " les an 0).49,t1 in. but in this ease limazlet ,.iijitilied in IlkhtnIher 1014 was. nut large 

JAM~ ing, time iritl Mili tim niNch 1111-11 stgr t han wIAs jtI~tiii 

twiti by the jtic-misu*i HImlsityv4 liertfutitantie.. 

enlisgh. 

lie1:113titr was ii 

tuN.i,.t laet cimnt.ghl rii 

Itsiiivsl 11m ilitIIII-Pailljici ItChet 

tripfl(( if VMlif i int, i MI fl,:t t he 

"~j., '('i IN i~ts t * -Barl 

,'4.1miiit wVI' I litekeat file m*iuzzle 11I hun at lthe 1a ais linc. 4:4 tit lie tiiziel illth 1114 svsiti*" deluwritve 

ri gurre 

tiI 

I -iih.i' tiw- varat iiom in t i~m t 1111t~ 2i7ii~,4.k iabove for ittjilritietl l':i vis rae. :hilx-r 50l :,irevft 

4oet 0:1 1 ylliial Na iutre. l1w e .. ii~iitmn. t hickno-,u bomni, r istliat %%ven tit vCwin :4zit 40ieitP lntit' 44 i 

a4,. I I"- *sil .. Im niiitxvil it t s. hg)m. :twiantii. :11. I at the .iiii~i~ilti I. hl tnI th IaIautitl :tIie~ Am l th lie I ntr 

migi 4pi fidrllifil; it .a-1t, Is. hIieOAKUM ± tittEi ill. wias tot Im- plate. I. wm l o,'Iurn-Is win' illit nit iidil.'. 

(:ONFIII:NTI %L

II tew ,1. jeer,, jw~isnt-inee. it vi:.' twnvý.-sreelote its- 160,f I'I,4T I. T OW7W 431i: 40mc~ 

'ae ; Iget.Il 6 t emeweed 1114. ee11.1etn u1mll:c lures-lur tleA* 01104 e % 'eeTH 

Irsttlieeti.o m .4t hem- femriotee Sn6 -teLmietooe Ow la..l 

%a% mewlee .4 leiiws. tI l~r4... mme Ilee' Ulito Armey l.Iee. 11.0ul ce.e0eu' a fenwras le 

ifift isiuioP 'e. el.aee -ti rfrl 

~~I.2.i. 

bhw~wv eheicwee e :~4wti Ike. Iero.ves6 ppk,e&wsiee .4 6ueeeqpeeme vullee ..'II 

:eenrifet eimstliiew. Win Ieceete 

4 o. thr ( lmitr Caw. Vow-. 

The.~ ~ 

I~ndleyiar ii.I'jiiiI'tdet 

# %6am~c O4iw *leter'June- jeeleci jeLeet 

ceritsoiiow. :-tim tie iqu-mire a erstmmwml6 Islatut. 

Ieteh-r tier 1qn,mi. .to(h. vM." 10.1 N .tRESceld'V.1fl 

lewe.:1e:etA Ilin-v itisjud1 :sit rimegel ntet ice,. I.* it"l. min'rift isvit-hm gion~Let Ivntpy. ar i teo-e &ilt rairls- -ueL 

~tie m 

' Veee S:e'.rtieJe. net,4.l,.m %ht- lemel aicd.!o Im.14 Ier ,eiltmle Its *gieuteeit v 

.( m,el Igt.rn.Ice few ei.iet esI~e Own*111eee lee.%611 ee-t Mei e . saicelel %~ ee 1et 1114ve 

I'em 14ite.t Iee 1 fv-H'. Nn'e 

priiw tie :we'egl iomee. 

pýuring enel jceIAeegt ' moiearrr4e viheeiaWe-i-4%niieeteetlneeier 4~IeIII Iii..m (e-ee'itee .10gee Won .a4rt- Ailh p 

cet ti.' eeem.I i~et~ealie.i. e!Te~emve' 

itimit. 11w- zenelte'reei zct eior.m ieaiee Al --~t 

itp.fa 

o. It-mm effeineiveutetI lestu 1is evi!.eaeogeezh el lc~eimecc . e'cgceet ;14 velpg~ n ta1su" I~ c srr-I .eeitl 

-i g. t Ivi- n-6I tve i -el "ie eej)1le.\ tit I lent-6e. geLet tee i t~iia.I . 2. Dvi See g 1C ue teliemji a jlsie tojeew wtimiie jol-tnt ew 

liee,, invetet.v4 'ailkth utefeemelY WOOe. n',eujtceL. A ie'rV ehcet lcm~ eeg a v;tleae'it-elv eif eitiat IM~ leueee. '.iseidtltrw 

jene+se' e v'e wwcu. uami ot IrcsceeA~alele e'ew.ea tsameea'ee.J 

ab T- I. 

--- to L 

Vt 4, of: - . 1...' c... -.... C," J- W ,hO M I.I. .. i:I

pis.-IT PI.%%T 1VTilt . : 4u EmlilP. 1 %#z fl 0.:10tC oi *T"Ht % I'.34 

Os.lj It,~ ) w St.S1. 

1pcfrtm 

-r" frlol- ppi-tAig(i h uvmCwirlti.Ieerpulito u e 

4.Exlesep lik-ltr6we It -iec mpivm-soiltsltiani tniltevwn-fttli l iciefxpaig 1fulr a. lwwt~.Idth qd #lie chutmspuellmi 

njm WN %mii!lt 

pnxsztnxthrtezlire -ih stil ilvalts.1.am .4 kM1 wit o t- 112 atte -iw 

-m~f n 

try in "tur 11wi-qu-ti -ma mt. ifr tllm t , mtr2 ,a vi omnie ihtnaieOd 

t 54 nev 3 .%r inf.wrotit.11 is11 11 %%bdt gm llsa ussit In- ( is i 17. 11115 Owlal Iu irtini ( nu (litcis Itlie pilo pla. t wI? 

:111 va1).1I~ elsEu~l.Is. itt~tsnpmsl 

7. a p-s1~ rr v mi j' v n e st-inw- saivc qrrw-rai~swo 

n t ot Iisissinit co pi-teei t1444 Imii e Itw m tws,~ igitet to hantleks 

the-l ;'All s isr daystni. An 'fsq a shtidi.rh mw a eusini ~t,,tt 

t1wime suts ws'tir 41hirsd p ntilmw t oe s.~ ts-n chrki. md' tin' n s ,vsimi utN i sC tho -er sit %%il h W flA m p~nuIt 

4.vth OE'iphu e pw.-u~L np nsrt ems'smt uisritsl awl~ can. uselsk.tN phI-tiimlC i iw t6ti ,utn~-%3 and'i Cii*It 

Pflt~imflat i-thn'i wis-r.5 h i *,ii 5t1:4'hiPIINIr.11 

1 

4-144 ..)t istm'i461 W 1ith suelich li as ruit thefbee PNI-t-p 

vi st,;s in tol m,;zziv l sI:,t uni M.s1fuor. Imis iwus m -ei (1ate oin 241.w voirivas%, in nshu ik w ith n Sptire 5ii.. 

11w ~ ~ sNius 

~ k'su ~ esp,- ~ O

Mamie@ aom 

spams Va. 

ro-i 

" "an 

allow a" 

Fw~~gA. 1. ~.4 .t. mania ptmwtonwe-"*ls. .. ~ip.. ren blt .-~mNa l 

Ana~pmrnwtn lain mmit..~mu~l !ra areNa I Ii4 mnpnl..t~~ Itaig na 

m y-mtl It. ica. oo, tun -n. -mop'n rimi- ~mil II :ml ""n is 1nop Fgnmm. 9ib pann a. vsrtnmfr taith "ppnpNwRitdAta. 

Ah gn lperiw-ttl j Itin g i iro l.fn oo.netritaby foornile a nnnllt .. "rnlawloNu i-r iirr reued wag mainta inedaa 

range. ielc'.tnn'all loetntmt ind i-nitei ofiiti a umnem.Iu 3w Fowrn CC Ni. 2. 3 (Fging, Hui )f arest Iwurwn inth 

rtwoo 

.4s 

Xlroa nnli hg avn hi-n'th pm-. igoa deoltp. odng nit fur iiwp.'rfor lml pintl pinll thnit to t he Inructrtw mliart' 

orN-nl fiog ite flnuniri' plating4' fixwno antion m'nit (aw 

inhprpin lvrrrl tonr 1gnvnir; forI :mn etriapil Ia,? intalle 

plow: eletntirnn rtmi I ~lwitnrt unn evtn( d r n'--I im gnn..a oo 

v. vive igno twexim h ornfg amth'Inl hariniioaf~ it 

oInig Zaddftaremlntig a n c ring finpi twast Tb.naie 

.lit Flori on , CC 'n.' t n 3~ nohi-Iing uInIIloo dritc ir reing the' 

hisnd-.itia;, in 4.-tinnoi 25.3.1.ti (r icn g u;n. i l.:svvq' t , lrr.'nmln ful 14et tini' s.;ao i C P-. ium other forr dk n m 'et 

.me-n'lbln1 the i h g-.I a t . ,elowto-roI nt-s nn 141~ n hu ic: an n throin..m mneli- lvir t d1 th~wine lvnt:I irnital vatm erlm'olth 

liganre' A. mintnile nsf mine tinning te-st and l thor -ilia-ntnorr nip the~ 

ro-rm~inn,niiii; nat . nl cai.-e4%iý . .4;nnnnglom sf Foloran Vt 4.' aft-rllr th e les. 

CONUl)F.NTl.%L

MlAIM r.%%t 41V T11F . 11UEW %Vt;V. .:WPMruym II IO 

111..2Iounoo..it o rJwsisging tIi,fo~ krmfio. i Anott-ody. nsmt lua 

A'Iaslr' v( 16-* 11:1istin ommel~~. .@iIlwr ill thI E~e ri n-j1r~t.e. A ilsl. a2 ioem:ll htooolarr' !:iil.. iss nomm4 linmi n- 

ShIl 1 

ioit IIIai I Esw le prelimuiniry I ri~it.4oI Iss piawluruliti~lim Pio~NiIl frljin-iif olhol. 

41 floo-Seu I-ami1..whirh 1 :111 Two togijils-0E'EI iAl Wil ntttv 0I1 fuzilt..l 4C&~.IIEh 

27 ,Ji.vsrqflain* 

fE ii.iiitiiii.li £.32 I~n f(-l~jI I I m-fonoern .1E. aeKI ittim 41 :EiWEEEII ir, voarlintiou. 1319 Ii.II .4imlI pilot, 

muil 216 after gilainigi. Fmltgij. =154 lkornI,. we~re as* .'omtild 1411 Imr~4.- "ith a liner n"-,-. 4wei iatevI. 

eratmel. IiN,EEI tin di~snie.aan uo tiol lap-EItrux. ?.4mdw 16i 4 to( If p~hailms hE.KCWEI' W"S "I'nt'ol int BK i 

lharn-l Last almaE Iovqn -eil rj4' l limJ9im isiflliidioKcGo Ifot r EIo- too 4k VCICEfp a teriniltiv~C hor Oil- pvnuhiEtm.it t. 

rE1hiix r"Poffloo: (I 1 c174 nosu pnw otlljgIiti-po teed. (IiIIV211 INWII ton&wn WI4,E o 4 1 6 is 

(2) load nvoiih ortow 141411 14.kgE4lt. - :iiil JI .li 4 IEESEICIM1imml1iWi #14-111411111. riWlIlMt %EWE9NEMOk-iE ItsEIleu 

pImmt flriillivilE ill nllivix. Mialiy 114141154E1.l ttirI% pR111i 

4 144IEEIIV pItrol. 

fiort 1w. holoEr itimliliR.! n.4 ritpim, in feorisrt 141 lm w%- ru u Placing. Procedure7 

ing. T1num-e f'tri-i iii Ie-fEol irr r-inqEuE~i, 4 sioti K14mout. 

4k'ft-etu Ulijili it 6WtK l 4 

t l)EISEiIE- lEt li11141%: Iii tI'r104 Jim. pi-tort.11ja raw VIrEoimilmuIN-~s(SNtingOl ni~itrtiIk 

h- 7.mO -r mI4:r.164m rpl s, .0 -U 

-- M)- im 1 mkisfg l34116 1,11, t

to. 4 

I..Cooa rIJM~fgIxn nItt~n-tlI F- m4b I I 1.w N.W it . 

~de1 un-it 

Vo9 I. A 'l. ha ,m4- ,uowo. :ts IN D1w 

Iis!isgol* fi 11M. gliufrs4" 4t moIsIW ilE wi-t.mujo. the pei~in I 

plait m% effort v(~ n!- issil ts. ultsnim mxrt"w~a sa imi Hlis(I jormitm is slgrio sit i-litu %rruhqss i ltui l uguitnul. ant 

11M. gsrn..-uuli. C liages 106111 140 iiisi t-i Is 

CIm lons55is oir m''igh ss o i llef"v ~Iitsi LrIoitn. 

ti d mpneIIIco,.s. eI..it itw s!lni A Ie-wtm. is ia lstst "30w tI 

h lp- e i iixftl I hoelf 6r 

smaIns C4 . 

uci 

,foltsio114 lieaiin 15- ns Mod 

vr. .4nt oi d on 

ý-ms-itsm Ist-tfu-oliative 11w- K-ma 44 Ific 1 rt-1- It pltt st a Ixeis% dial lie -An rtvsis-Ieli 

lior i immY 44A II~~ liir CIr is-iii %I-i m~n i ~ 

X ll -:11 f sm l n'.i-ive -iitols s%;g . :ssl i I 4 imil nIto ,, .. inr spssie I-gwrits div twln ia~il t."~I hY nIst 9g- 

-11): 

141111. g mit 11. ( w-nlp -aiiifev ltvi. J laii~g % ; irt - l4 -rl~ l ii 212-. -Nx-i 

,ýii -m ivital1;LtiS ctrm~il -oil ol h-vvv.litflu- 

v-'ll o-til a."I ~ m1 atheioit-m -fheltr am li=4-- -r o o

Pt~n rt~r E~ TH .:tui.' ;v coom~o *.if 

ii~~ r. 

ii. I -e 

953 1 AI 

- - 1 

0NI.% 

Ab 4ftK'

34, 36.19" *V lie IV t o"S 

.411--1Uý 

1011 

UM IFIL tf3 OSUIN LU *T. 110111 PLA71S 

le. 35 4 

PU65iC 

000 

£1161 m Too 

CI Ir 

Is 11 ML40441-3 Mis 10 'IR 4SC 93 AMP 6So-S 504 

INl 6. 4 3L 6 we S A 4 VIRIISt TO 1*W AM0 5 .00 

Fm. mI.(. nw~ .mmr.3 .,.mw t.,d .... 

. .. m,,.16.w mjhm 

pllte Xff .0ol"Lm tawo 6movmng I.d nn..k 

61 .,wr hamm Fv 

'Nef 41.il li-4' m.\50liC~miet. dmus it 11111416 'it- rvw~m:ifllto 2as:314Nwofovrn9.alv-IWAm 

I9:114'. 1 171~4- A .l*11 6111811.IIt..klithibm "I folpib i. Imr'ri 1" .40in :1 -1Im o mi 1"0J :wrtu s.11 

rfu sp l .. , nIma6 l zsjwr N6u umlmLE. anwe in le'l'6 od p~orr 

n11, rtt 

Inw ".n! Ilm-ernutitat-ti os1 theiu 51ar.Nm~olit Iiroonfisv1w,,, 

[lie din-irvI,.J at i- a ru.l'r- I ulx- r . ginio l ufi sla erI ,. the are4m.5. 

nm .ri:lm Itos#.4. imiizz : e .s r sil. I s irtol ws. I. I '.sirsuI. 

to&. ~ ~ 

CI l *sus~ NT )siartmsg Tyus AsUs.,I; % CI .INI~,,mwsL II 65w'..' uipsjitziltin fi . 1w ,srimmt, i Ithe ssrilnt -~sfel- 

ANOOKl~ sil V. A' Ii. ~,Itp :ur the 61w,.imasn. . 4 Ii,! he r-AlIas 

A~ f'.nmsnila Notus 1 f Ih.I i- 10,116i,11 4J Ilsiv sirtimtil Awmmi91 4i lw,Il iz.m* imA. I Iit. IC iglhI (tin r'55 I u( ri'kIh*.uI :5ft.Ie, 

itOw tiks 'a-11isuig, :1 ,smi.,wmn w-i-6:us.' .,( Nosmh d1 dmI~in~stlu' of Notes, a: (itr ratio~ rj, ("It It'~ r i6 the 

.ifl,*s .14 m .,id i ts. t, .I. l .'j' s':.swsimis' I II, n'-k-6mtic Im-r uimi 1u',sgth go( Ilse ansssk' stino 0 thme 

CON VIIDlNTIAlL 

aaaA db 

a a a 

j'

*Wa- i~we 4. a3 rioig a( -a441111 n I vill l'"'K 3. .111.1 z fill- U113401 Ie' f~i'11r ... ,,.qivja lvll 11 *~. ýwllx r-:l,14'l4IA lot t1w 

vl-r.q33iviiv i'll' ji miw44' Ii.' 4Wflv33 3.;*AS -Imm-6.nat fr. w\a.. rrngs 1111 3' ill tiwr,..'Iiiigam .'rtl '~'K son~If 1 

timmsl flitti-u sAd 3,'brI ama sh"r-Mos"I in A Ihug,1.'v O1w inal. Oin apiwvo ,pilr *4 lfw" omw isoksall IWAF iu's 

eailif..en lv'. falltvuwe i,3 flat-~ .IuIi.,ll. Il1,4:impo in -11111111 '~1a1- pliglt. 134".11 j% 11111143114'iI l ths i iii 4-114 a win.3 

pl 1 atilir" I ~ .43111f~l' 11 "13331,' 131 1114.. 1:1 a 13 h .el.,'g ofi titl ) stot l- .Il Ado l '4ll 113(34ei 41m a1 ve3'31 W4II l ' W ptl3 'ikl' 

343313116W1, uh1i3'1l 4i1114) fail a Nam-.3 lots u hch :3n- alsoo 

V~. 3137.3 1' 

I> ~ K A1 AsoIu.n tis IFignin' 11. After s' ri o Six-1'3113 l' ~l3 iwt-o 

1W3311 41ifol tile i 31(f ' 41.fl ,In1''~'11'w in l g '41s1141411n ' 

lit-tyrtv31 iii the 6 1133 :aktmid~ 1-.j1 lAd' ir14* I'mm1 tf111uis 

('11:311irtA in 13141 1113'h '.44ts3 jlt, fl'64a.3 rind41 f alfll i f341il, 

Ilad tlWvt~jenu&1 in lly:11 part W11111rime 

min no* pi'e.Iirtuarb U f...A..vrIIeouie aI1w41 

ILL& Electrical Baore (;alige 61 31)14)1 in,.itls ille 131314. 141I41W1twi1 tw riffing. 11W. 

.Ai ertrliel 114314 33444(1'. wh4ich wall s tltosori 

a n d La w t N 4 -13 

1 

Wilw31313411 jIs comins14'Y141 Itoat ia 3,lleniitilwtrict 

VIIII.aP' i'm' 

Ar n i m i#a n t ile 3 1 3 3' m l i h s l v n m t c a l n 

1 l1W 4 1 , t o 3 3 4 ' 4 1 t nt 3ie P I~ 4 , hu 

441114'~ithn31e'rl~'1% 

I! ~I333i3.ThealIIIC- .31i i1w lite laoe 1311-P f 31114n. vok-aic its 3niftim"Ir 

Mrtimet rrtitentsig wim mi tatIit ividdIte li'd fi 13:13tilshu 21) ati~lvaij'iionts. ('34' re'pre'senting 

W1(1111:4 Proult314'31 1431I1 34t4 well 444 ew4 mm mmm in3313 . '1111144 flat, I13:g1ifient'ima1 is4 nl )j1T4Ii31ateiY 

1 

IaA 251,3 i fio.r :a vpitinr rung' if( 0.0125 in. OIver this 

u iltlin 0(M.01 in. 

it mas. 1I:lltmn3wl 4'l 3'331l31V lY t 3ip 4 3114 fi- detrt flt' 114)1 

, Ilien % 3113113131 mlnii s riltt'31 mr'q' off 331114 diame314te u( 

like 134113 3111313 lit' Awtait134'3 in a few4 444''13f411 fiw the 

1'i~i311.3.1 3113'If 41141 "';. 14143' ~ vwlmla' Ic'gth Iis.. : 4':3Iilif'r .Ul) t4n13' 313 3134't 1hrem1t3fng 

Fr.,n xv M ,I 3,w , I'4 ~. c.13 mil IKl,IKM 1 ll* I'nszl ry.4Xir Ito th 

FII)ENT Was 

%IE )LiIN 

t"- f Violn- arittti-vi- Iantm a plm Auwit ~ul fewthet-hoplliu 

ill1.-vlie vivirt-AAmn 11. f,11:1llng pmitv t 4nimhim --n~li~ ai kivir~tl, (,rfmi prtivlm

"4-.~mt~n klrw'. A ith oviitew. it.tr *eI..i .*vui 3.1 D4I..pjw'nI .4 ai n.-i...etJy rtrliabl.e pug fcrt 

niv-failln :I~iI 41Y iit-iiii 

h-fll-l nPoin IIk* fi~arknr~w. .4f tw t.:I.~r. in ,.luie Ito ..ulve 

2. Il;wi owu. e.Iinotlp" '.mnr 4nisso uifiu'mi .4 I twelpr~dIm d.*4f r liotc t r tw~ii.tr 4th. pfrote 

16- -66g jix-vbur;Ow imo 

CON 1 DETIA

PART VIS 

H YPER I !LVITY GUNS A4ND P~ROJECTILES 

TSiiitd lit 1iim "M 

CONIDN~Vl

(1ma.ter 26 

sifoirr 1.1 Niis %\ID ()'IJIEI I)IIGN FF.%1TIUE$% (IF" U~N 'ruims 

By~ Ii l'iuaif It. S14#1d1eaddavrwe 

-i-ifiiii liiwt-- -in- jil-eritl :0 ilmi lin44d, aiw. III 0-tiz 111it -I liitr o im -4i insist a orne IfrMt it is norends. 

I Ill, iii-rrt isms 4 -girlo liticr fill noim iiiis lin .l.Iciii.. a--~,rl 111 fl u.a w fi - r IV. 61W I risciolv int ;slae . Tlhu. c- 

211AI 

1iilm~,1 insrmi' 41 t' madt illm t-iiii-ul. i Aimt Iiiusm ~ ervai sl11 ________ i.I fists. t-n-vfsr 

TIvr6 1 -t it h i--I-rim n i~lo3stiN fth-6 filuiilaflop6 taHim e ovýternn e o lxsnttla~ to 

:11 it s I l.. lit r .4 .1. . the .g-:I f~i 11.1 rt h fm iwi 1-t1.1 :10i . Al l--ifmiirm. ii n g-k-i..uim imn..w 4its . . t& £ 

iiofrluh iS ii. '.i :ittI~ic sit- I P i.- -ivml t-.u-.m in tlw w- Got, 41 i~liI~.iitilsb.. u 1 tin-ionli iivin .f 

iW 

4 

ilm I mV41 4.h llti Iss- n fit ~W ifthep 

irn-i,:I ic rtiA I*v i: i iti - t It. %ith-i . i ..Iiri--a,nlis 4t ,4 iom .'-mut twlnm, n t-' . -t-fltlnru 

711iilyI-ilt~ifii . (l.wt ail fillll ----- fliiitiiiiiit '---t~ ftt~t li.- 

it-. .o t -t.- 7.-:4 rmavi I t n "4,-Ifiii 1iwn. A i -o .tfe on. hrei Itt. :inn - A sende. h 

:0.1.3. 4 ~ ~ ~ #(dvsti IhL o\II~r l -igris i :-. f h6o 303fnil 

lm 4 4- llS-. -iii-v-A. n-il ro-il ot--rlml m .- ow 4 t.lois"Il.s,160 m0v 

ti~n I lu-- .52. lttist n ;iml. i ono441 

Is- l n,.-in

w^1i littietyb :~lyat privuiti'titinid Ithese. lirnm''io lmatimig a li-Ahkt l,!.gting 41( ropi- ori infilml~. 

World W~ar Ii.niii, iiiilioisi. no' fie,..rila-ds in Nw~t~tiom of s't'sr~s'. nM-111M"I afte'r rilling. 

7116, plating was, 

22..1. rtwusiolvdi~s~tjl of listinil loit ai 3 MTOOs Ati l1.I"I'si i~im 41n~s the oil iu t o'iti l live' plugil f'sme 

%bes lmgswb Viti a the lItam-1 emmui'iI'g atti~wemixim tey 

a mlLfivrwanlrEd 41 e oin id ritfinZ anti olivin.-fit iung 

tilei th ..vo'd nulinti toy a %,;,tainltarfismn. lDisplsactnnent 

sm4il=Wso Is thr PM am A taitutim to take a pff 

a rilrnt ylinilial line'r inito the miii's'. A A.uqmnller ntailent t'~;manpsitin. thins hickinX them -.ieetrely in the 

near tlw lMrtsmh enm 4f time litner I14ttittei am~asnt :'r- litemrr' Since the amammunt m/ e'pin,.iswi anl elastic renrolodin 

oinic-in the 1 xt4 top Isprvent for.ardan 

wsisdiu of the tin"s. lFigiire I 551 Capter 22 $-twoi thw 

scwi'rv tin' detedt 1 '45titmpati t iewal ttI thjsknenss, it iv" 

ei o din thate 6-trrel cntissir lIs 'vylincirical 1wspomblyh 

of tho type .51 ralilisr VAt liner i , Ismarnl 

1'IgP Vlsar Amfh4 Capittismi. oni a Woriairtisli 

fore rifling to pov eno a tappr ini the finished bows. 

1'l M at ulh If ihr I ar wai Ws NOWI&WAA to the dti. 

cntlract with the Onlmitamme Dleiurtrnen. einl4okyri ssiMI "otmsvior aflter rifling. 

anf apssenilyi nxiithsal simtilar to that tit lite' 'nine It wa fe'lt thuat tie high interface' lin't'sire rrit'tttt 

C'onpmny.wit 

a ew isiptinss llflumqcsaCmmm' Iatrl jg friosi mPwageriflinig wissulil lie sufiml'aii'nt to prev-ent 

wa's dsinr after :*omit'.inlsli ltimnig the' rifled limner aot # fomrm'aru nismio tim elithe liner mind that the ihsmmkldet 

pitisl for the riffiniuc tuuil. Ul1ten it wts,. Jeii'ttstq to~ t'tmttll Im. i'ljiniijmii'. Thert'ftimi, an al ternteit desinp 

ehrunvitmumi'plte tlme lximrn'lmahilutthe1 limwm'( hapter was made'a' sliwnt in Figtime 2. ('ylinelnecal buar stock 

24) it lmem'anee ms'ssrvo tot rifle lhe lutirrsi Isiifims pltat. 

max nalml asasi'mhIV anti ate ani imasl'~ixii *Awnm duarun~ 

aporIeNilY It, a1lign tlei -iffinit. Inlmi,.tit l sfta.'k-ws'ldino 

was linsnet thm'.msmgh with a dliamieter ofC 0.300 in. and 

then rsuminteritimwel at use emnd to a ilianiim'tc of 0.430 

im. toar the liner. 'lhmeliner antI a steel ring~ vere alma, 

the retainer tis the lnta ti'ts prevernl mimntsriwinit. time Iwmtl thrtoisig and tiamnxul to an oumt,'ile dimimetei' of 

thread's mi the retain:~er' en xsier.,ioltit-mrl tit ltie 0.4.10 in. Atfte'r imaserrnic t1%e liner andis retainer ringt 

theradit in the lumiryL and plaiting the inoidte 'surfacr, tile "Swinelill wass 

ssWaa-4i&'mL so Aswviwi" w vkmAaa4. 11w ebamijm 

"~Expansiion or tthe finer by Mhaw 

Rini$ 

111mg 

=0r then mvranni is the mantala nianne'. 71e steeIn, 

tine rix voldhave' hIn" efiminatedt. btut wa's titume 

~~to ro'shme the ammint of istellite rs'qiiu'e anil to pros 

Interfere'nce hm.twerin te- lairrrii amid limner wa's vent the owuilile fro~m comhing to a feather edge 0 

uords'" to prvn'iit movetetiunt of lthe litter. Imt~t this which. nmightO lbnak niti easijly. 

mnethud pruilmbet the interference after assetmblyl 114o, nuwtlmsmml maCmapeml~b it' vsery inetxpew'iie oe 

rather than Imftrr. Ti. t~ulialsinthe st',ire'd intu'rf.r- aremint 4a the small amoimjnt saC ninm'hining rmpt~iim'e 

core, the limner was exrtcps Mitltltifiviuistl's tist &Ps it a and sil's, etfectoros ideumissrnlie spaa'iagi' in ,stelhite Iit 

pemrnesmnt -,et byv fitrring a phlmm thmrimigi it. 'lime eru- eliminating the flssngv' at the endi. One seriotma din 

Ic'ritw Of this ploic mu'sP slior Ifaul ttt at lite wante ndvsantaigr it( 'stam-rifling ' lie entire assesmbly iss the 

time it ex',spandv the hairra'. it aliM (Ssrnied IN tim.' ittmi. it due,' mimt pe-rmit eltrumiimm-platinx the batrrel liefus' 

Twso typets tt litier as'enil'ie', werei prpri in thmis twriisssnly~. lm'eaiuse the plate wumild not -Aithstmind IN 

way 1wy llt'minxtun Arm's fur Itme m'alilss'r ..U) llrsipwn- riffmng ;truct-'s's. .duiesrilte'd in Chapter 24, stitch plift. 

ing mnachine gin. 19.1' T'l~ Al.andsl 9I9IAI;." atramis of the liner mome than doilIe'litle %"~fill life a 

'lhe firtwast'pitl frtsnitie( Crnrleti','iafewrm'ila'r a som'llite4inedl emiliher .50 mnaehinc min barrel. It 

.30 (Secrtion 22.3.1) xcesspt that tOw mithinr 1.1nd eham- vnht'm for the calilter .30 hairreiss was. not delet'nine, 

imerimig siperatihitnss were mot It-rfmitnues pritir týa)eii 

Ilily. nor WPMn jntM'f'i'n.'eT tilts1-44 

1wy lDitisioni 1. leAIIm.a 41 thme M4reshm'm wseveitv' C 

1 . After a.,smll' £rswism in this gumn, eumipari'd witls tOm ralilter .50, iS 

the thlin'aletl lbi'''h vitis "ais .. 'iwreks hiitua a fNe't plaste is qustmie,.sIPiP 'AleWhete 'riasimianlilin~t ' ahead11P (A tim 

on a La. l's)iiitt lidrslidiri simli srti:+. 'Mit tsiminr~.tc- .telhip limiir is. nerro'stm''. 

rarlsise rifluiig iluK oir 'Lotittv," pss'.li'sl Ilirtisghi tile 

I~mta'e %i lrili a ipt'l 1114drut.l's rrI m a'hii' -mt if 5i -44- it~ u .1 

%Lciamnical Rletention of' the Liner 

Vsent&I slitthirig*lssris riflg. tins IH A' ,urfaii' w~s gitun 'l'lie modisshimls ol' iim-rf'r and in'tl ifi' IKmmii -!vsllil 

tItrtsit SI5f'.Ct 

euflus' ..Osshs'stt 

i1lsa Ssti tlw traIht't .ri.Y) 

ti', 

SN 

smts'ts'''~~~siiit 

linmers imi 'ajl ihr 301 maesltimmi gin ltirri'Is previoti.sIms 

nvrI sistl ipt sr iiicmintm's Issmitr limi%% the linit 

.m114 ttaM' 10m 11-1. Mhi4'1111161-:1l IM-111i1s li st 110116119i It 

CIINSFIIWFN'I'l %L

UK,% bbIObjb~C b47%fLogot t P~ 

Of"RUN GAMCLASVL 

"UICI 

unat I 

GARRIS 

-0-2 

. 

Frwn .VlirJMPiiiw tiiis u MM -wr %v " w o gl a s rirN . 

kruliwtm -wL-n dpwwe.a"irao micit" man~ 

~ ~ ~ wer 

liwr~ 4lvier7 IIyaot*gt.k-is, flicl ai~rui -li vwe sigaPM rnei 

it wal fel fln. ~hn"ttlm~iic~idIe -x 

ilIr ii faaelielnr xn~ (tePN 

uwl.thp pgiltevon inplf %ngrid iy liilin f niblngr!th fatrrtiiratth lrthSn 

dipl sm . flu.i %ws.in u! f ie ine fwi.s NIIII(r "thl wu ld A-1)mcin he. 

o.di 

hier d ewww aisl.o ?wecresuwows~ aiu the % tin t reoin-lts. 

bt rillm lef tut L110,M1 mdi in~t~e v es te . IN- idliei 

Toww. patuifethily t her-cialgr ah itleli show, in -a 

nu riied 4itham steitwei Iner berawu of-g the posuhl an 

ho u tlsse,. rd s.nslw l ifrin ri Apeelingilhth, nroslueiun.j-r itu- wAenrm p i re-il u the fr iwre ine at rte d the l a oat nd 

at ~ 

()nepr~~~~s~issgik-~~~~~isMA ~ie.e~ish. ft~st':in W'uni WALulssesuet 4 CC the KtmrHaO 

~ ctiteiurn ens C ote~he im4f~o~apwseinenre A~ Xne XfdeIuw o ai 

depth~~~~Z suiaete i~.AI:ns . mmsuutdadsg s~ ~hafahr Iss,~rst. 

ksa n.etss intwa. i tereewaidfv~incs V.- c e itw ":n tslfcst.l ire h de i prss tnin tnsa~ 

~mpe s.' -eew 

til~n n!fl' bCU ns rohi I Fist osIAiLss.patslteitli

Vb a~Iq~ ;M It,...sommo amommos i~mmon -t--t~ol. 112. otih -. 4hr lh.i-miwv kviO wok llmpw; J.JoMWg sk- 

.471101. OM lovvo 8.m-W-4. a- mr-W Am Sir-At' Ihbv lot-Iao 

G& lght r...s-t. Too4e. i~ienini wlad P~ were i-o.s lniii. lomu,.s Itax lomis iiti'I ctIIy onemooill% 1y ti 

mq 1nimi'l. wi*v.iu a~-"usqtfimlg.~f ne h.iTtit 

Arigratnuqh, 4ovvr a rrnnp. iovA%-" wecnl ibsommub soiiun 

1w-h. All 111imm-~onol Palattiomorii 'r. ~Ui- ing flia:l 

i4"m We.rmu1,in wen if. sv nqolirel. 6mlsmpo 1#16.u14. 

1111l~IiiIl~ 1timili. 4w f tiiivlI .41-fl40149 IiltivI ryl. 

iolt-hry low aileraff i'ngm'w. 'm -r.,wi testv phowet 

o4iri1.!. wi-akeiiiiw 4of On- jisint at high! '~tI1to fltlus, 

ill till ram. 44 fixw OfeIiite..hM apftsidI~v. 

.Ef tile 1ilmr w-arLpreavesitl Ity 1 a ,4madilimaf f1m. 111.?. $te*HiO.' baa.. Isiv .4il,.,s'(imI4y to fkit tite- by 

wie- iiaium~i.i~iig.I~& ,,.e- 

Mr. Toolimre-tfno nhatiostsi .f 

wImils-lar. IV114trifngul 9-1,1lIK into' -4t4 1111160."1 Tl,~ 11111101 

setuq~~w.nio 'it wlllti-ith 4MC 'ltheir flmiigi wen- i'xIm-ifl,('ftolhY v111l. 

Owme liner wa.' (219-el ot 214 angle- meal th-rswavotul knol ia tit1141itis l 4-aflit'r .511 IoarrirI Imi. ,tatpae.enl jfl.w*tioei 

tile. eloutlv pi-ee aaso Loels a inwmr~ Ingimwlmeloo 11ke' firing te..iW'..mwe.I dust a o..Rte mlc k, 

almdr. Ti.* lAanvulsiv piei-m was. lm.4i1 im plow awl pIsm. 131K ltinmurl in this waywv ~a ri' viremtzne-e orqeuiv. 

we-stolvl (noma reasaaiM 1 Iwu sea taggd a hes Ilml t mo hakt Iem thmat tof &tsn imvt1-n-aa imr. Ativiniims 

VIM4e it I". the- Ilmunt4 we-i 149 Istairv lovers imilue- tis orwo' *telite. ervmmfdlW* 

VIL lbaewing of linr to UmUWI 

-~~~ 

Varies,. moine-ohemim oof lusimelifil a odi.Uh Se-i tit a 

dinilyisd Inrne- foigirip lamo-el silli Its rereivye it, 

Adi-av al, 4Iwwi IMrn-e- litlijog, 41' 31 fiill-li4migth litinng.. 

(It~ soensgt to( Oa'nhinaitstje 4f D~iisieme I'. *"-ipe-rinu-n. 

iltl Isi.,rattil its 191, tlgim phpmji woo n11 euiiof ted 

ukarsior pine Imarn~m-l s-n wiqalm",vil. Sommghmtti A.e-lita- 1t io nqmiainse-vicl.l flint tile *rie-f p, ituierta~ke to 

i-ivppr-Imrua'eI to milk 04(14 10fr We4 Imo x.It.Ireila flni'4 if. 

Iwuuzng 4"vio'e ai ftm lio*I Amvait.u *Tlee-n 

fie" de..igno, imfr nwhls. l ai IimgnmismGi&,Ie-eI (Iel 

tile cp-smrnktifnulImmiruliwti~m tdoilf etel~mi e-:ililx-r ast INS4EWTlON OF ~I1PtC~lk 

.511 Irj4aauwm-l,. 4-n~le-l Imauing. Tsear.pma w-n. too STEII. LINER 

1xw Imoatilol 0e*,I eI4. OhmsI'i- su o to;a me ~Ahh nl over? mA Se 

th' inuirt- ii-nitli e to ime- lim-rat 3041 imis chunwIe ~'urlmoue of a Rep1 laceable Selfle 

pswce. In fortirulwrtyja' l-. imw-,0ile oniti' m e~le bitme-d 11ae- e'n..eon ut.t-el AM Xn tubles, a,, tc rle'atulw in 

illy .3-etllgl tie a .1re-I naui ande tIII WAR4 "Id tit lip (11.11111-T Ill ii. loallielarlry wi're'n tat 311.1 nInlithe iLA. 

rtim-elm tiea lx Inriel. A'fte-r :i-o-oualml. db. Aewr andII gies 4 ridling; bitt significaut emvr44m a-ie::141 eotirml for 

liarn. otprv-i tee I.- mswagi-rifItAI'i the 1 pnfth 1'..., s.'everal vauilh.r,. 3109141i thof11, re-joemo. 11lito enIargc. 

"Im44f11 inen r!ise 26.2.3. It i.. nywsommu that I hi.' n190ivit to the Imirn' It my %llsl Ii rapid ati tig an tlin*ie.rabl~e 

lineiiAMi,-4e pr,+vti Ill- e-.,Illit-l~i'. droop it, nnizzle ~i' I,at i v 11114 in motlaie vat~eio ntulfimte-. 

In stat r- 4'a-neaa-film-ti. Ielillte wa 3s mm too'e Aled .0 ifI~iiag 4 liliiiltlitt ~ 4 liit OR 11 I4( lot$te ifti' tt Itie 

1v till lorimm-- lno'untiviwly knotwis 2eoh A)W-lin lirtir. Inill little. 

II 

'111. -1L~ tia. .,.rn,, l I.% tOw A. I'. II.A (I.e e..kt. 

O~l~1IlAtfI ms 173, A a s x...- - .moow -lte -o4.WmA 

..... ni - Le rk %mooirr;AI H.it 1.' the At-Fin Optiriroolion 

mitivi, (-m,swi.1 ItlI-1,-l I~vtI.jt.-OI tle- mk444I Icr 11hat 

4.16.1 -4 

4..1i 

u.tti_ ' I ... .wh ,iee .Ai T 0., 1ai4-..W' N A- w-. th i'.'iI a 

lilt., n.we ad limit &. t-4, 

l 

w 

1,0 14~"o 141144, 1,111.hi,44- 1ioh 1o'. 

. ... las to-%o Th.IIOV,1 

-l~. 

It .4, 0.41. 

the. 

CON FI DFNTTAL

a:$- 6.it ti1:11 the life lo . ý 4 4.1 w~ill tllmý. Isri:4 tin:r14 ,,44, tociimi ill Ili tmiii. Setivor 411k'lo -I" "' IN -t:,rlml fte 

14144141 evs.". vIldlll?411 ,1 .-I fili~li. tkiii-Il Im. v~t~i-ii.,qI imp4. 4 ig lif.lt a' mii thigir tIflm4d% New~ Ifal:,4411 . New 

s4qt1i4 k-rnr d , y In-' th i vw' t.. 4 : me ri . .-. i.4 i, 'jilt * -r-4 

.l:4,K'.Id. ~l~r~~~..-I'dl~w.h'~an. Ila- Cer- 

,..fl*44 

im, rw 

.1 i,:iniv t,:,44 fi vit l. vlh414111hI "it 1114 I k "ur# 

p4'v' w43144'im. awl a tirduv wr 4 -1111 ..4'fi't' 

twa. 444 f itilk I(II4 14 4:--.. . 44- I tlitamiI4:41 ta its nmf4.1 1 ;1'i .:i li"4 i 44tt i 14. iflpigimiit. Ila- f' 4 ti 0 A- kM. 

lIu..r r ugwe 14' 1 tn 11-1' 411.1%14 ill 4~4 i g,.e,,. " 'JM 'll 4 n.4 r,#'i tim. 1 f H I..iq 414 qfimi for nift i~n'i.ar .14A' 

AAqwm.4( :I mvt.',-Ivil hiz*g,:n, it =t -f ,4. lii4.'fl' iihii %%.to MAIl4i44. 

.4 1i16,1 t'u Im- .in -I~rvilwql ill the. "wt4..% %4 iwIlime.,. .4 

" f4. -rmI ,4f'.I. 14-141 440 .4'11 143n 4' iw :14 I 441ll 4. Ums 

mer i lgiti4 t.r Iitw'r m. ,tlin 1114. -t4.' hi-i . r. S illift. %%;so With1 till, 4 13r.4w t in4 ii.*'it 14V',444~ 

( I lkt 'W. l lle , l $4. fill %[I . '11liq K im l, 4'~t,4iv4C t4Hli- 

njmI. ,'I .14' -4t l fomi r. 11w' 4421 U4144 '1 Da.' 4:~ 

24-441 11W 4:4 1.1, r i ll W IMPt lie' 141.4 - 110ITy 0.4 .' nuin g h 

1444'114'flidol' 414.. Via? 0It'il 4woomiv tbp1I~ii was ofg, blir'm. 

4 

4'1'% Ilk- l': ifia4r :4M.4 u"A L444 .. #I44 .. I'm4~ tf-r ifilIda lflr laeik..%. ls t44-i o u fi 

T~dict.' l -imlIta litter I4'lk- 7.'-llillt, gli4 %J 4 -115 '4I441m1- .41 '1pltýliiVl m llln h 

li" 14-m 443 it-i :44441 In I l444ilify 14:41 v -INI4:441 ig i,' No.l44 

4-. Ill. 1 4 '.41 % all.r.ld a 44lmm 15il r ;'vei:44 . thick.1 4 

Jon . 14:nI %ien. t.4:44i44'ml mtull. ''144' g, 'M'.,, l t .c 

Ila- 1 i.-4 1 iiv:& w4V I~m l 4 il e.~t ifite'; r1i tll in'1' '..'qtii. 

'ItsIrifIg 414 tnrI44at it i 1U 41.14441 , '. 

lmi ve 114141 to1,4l.lp 442lf 1m41.i..1 ' 

dlli'i~m,: l (lii :114 1-%- 

h v il 

Is41 v '144 '.44414.44t m 1 441' at Il'4444I Ifisriti1le. :44 1 ii1441 44 

wa, flt4 thin. and441 I-Yiikit 4 r :4 hikuft. A4l' lf 1w v4 iekt 

tlirn.L.%144 111411 i 44. ',i Iq I 4444.4 411' 1". f,.tinLt 

i-ir.: a:14"A.4I Il 'it rl14 - n444. 4'4,4444 pl1.,4I i I iil', tI 444 

tqfv.., :4 hall 14 it li 41chl4.1te 4:4 stiff. 44i tvill' l 1tl~ .%Iii' 

-Iti,4tiX 14:4' leig tit'. :41441444141. 

% t mmi r air 4 fl 4 t-lner 

11w ,4tl~t milý~ Ihin . 141- - tlu' IN- fl.% - r 4 ,1 w ito-finv4 

4.ar~, 41.,.s - 140 4% wv flit - voin 441144.a. awl, 

4 ifl. '4brl .44 ' l f4'. 444' 4 ' r it~id,. Ii..4 ,mwfvr '.1 *f the i~ 4''v,.,( ~ tr'"1 n 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O 

fulmrý %:rI. filpll-I% Vic mkt Di'vi 

le.-d iiA Iw1. rip iý illI -rv" I -Iitsfi i iin i-fl 

O.'llgr~~~~~~. a W11.fli.14 

:111S1)m Iii, w I:I

Sit.' in, this. way w."air a 4.-.juviia inlem'f in, the NP ' ttf ui 

Anny too fiing~ this pits initla ahlsl~-lnt..' gnrnaitle in 11.' nsaput1alv11 wislh ai 91"1n11 MlI tfis'o zinc inter- 

Unitylirt, ia.nci-i-q its ,ntaizz.' %tIvr'aumarll.n~I~~'lh 

tel lini nt lawala f~skn te liv~l 

ThE' ljtier sheow" in Vieri' 3 iin. tbj 4 in. loong. anivl Ihthe Olinvoin linvortono. aso tW)rnm Curs. T19, and 

witailhnl atlmota 2ui) no. in, V.-nuM 1011 totW eight t1at i h wast It1c44t Nir LUaivuotau -it Alivniven l'rt-inin 

flO-mn loon 

figpsr.' phua.c 

Aln' l. whit" ia 1.404 lb. TII1k pillow ;Criial. All tents avo'nr have five, sasyccwsul. Thjyre 

thke IWII',II Vinital t 11.4- IWmnsuca lidwl'Iianersave I it on-ie fii't,4l frviat tilt( stante timit'. \early all 

nand twZin.pa wentlien lipa ton tin- bawwartI enda air the romlnollf nwer fired with FNII-.N2 (cloailiklute-z) flow- 

Samn tier anot Ali(* aintiatnitiamn. Firing wit. at nommal 

For the. jnmorpi ead satving time'. It 1.ner Was nta. ratt'it in grtaepcaad 25 o~r .12 rtmIINda, 

chinval fnw a ttaln. whirl, ha.l matrazie. thiaerta $not a Thew flirt liner wait limel .321 rivsasnlia aneil thea typlafff 

9 lasit" * lonaIk thu.I lownie ad all wob a- pliooi y vlaun esmuijL Tin 40Me Is~L Wa WarON Milvisw. 

WtaZoat in the liner. l1eina tain tuipt into* whitie tinoc ly butl wait replaredai ton ammisnt 44 an inceratta int 

liner wait inuc't~t'al hall alMtetive rillinxa t1 in' emgtn iliannvIrr tat uainuit 0.010 in. in the ttlw in'head t44 the 

Initl qwllnrwiwa wait perft't. lint1 rve dnr fair tine litter, litner. Star-paatsr reitdingit thering tile eucarns' (It the0 

this tiefect wras, tad enea..k. nnnativa'. lit tin' talenta. tast had,. indlicatedl that weartft tin'(trAnnedt.-nit tatthe 

il of athtin thtreelinteria. tilt- tilli %.'I'4 Ititctl II ptit ntt' liner w~icial :apprtaxinwtely (pial ili ia[t id the harayl 

in oaler too avoviel pltnizoring 1puagra. juti~t zaheni oft it whettn tlt.' hllter hall lreeeiotne 0.010 in., 

A. lRiNTt raz IN. i,4etladetI ' ataill'h .. nl ti livtsa ct. thai figure wast chisiten tilt a tcrite'rion to intdicatte the 

mmn int ztlucm 21) mmi. *whi.4 iii "itch If-."~ tin t. hr tiram' teok rhainsi lissilat. Aossaal : pewfuaiuiaae waA mat. 

linw ortlotin'tI aior I inserrui tiltj tin'- Itiln' (nut) tike. ifactitiry at this lAgmp Oft croa 

hinteeb ring cirfq (ir lit"Ilt.n'ilia Ilia. tttlln anal1 tihe !ntnslaaiiiian eto ti,. *4oa'eln linctr ni-torw'al hltc gun to 

bieirs rnag. Necait ruettititias were eIepri.'n.evl its rt'- approx'ianately new titi perfaivrinianna. Thit r"tors.. 

moviang a liner after firing :a.u tiauany nits 55.1 natneli. .A titan c~ot-t i rttnmnct its tarma. is velocity is lihown vrry 

ring of "connotrr" almovit AM1) is. thirk feanuwail of the. 

Oant ahead tat the liner. hoit alwavs atnvered tu tin' 

x*t hir the' n-mtltat pwscutanlr is Flowuu1 

77We "miund linsw a fWait Amp M nS rntls. at Witeb 

liner whetn it Wowait aitlimirn slap' analuiuaneitailg eat the ammunition ove'urred' 

1 00 

arm a 

O- we: : W 

a 0 

lubi RtOUND plneum" 

Vec~rear' It -I h,'~i . itl 011 

ai..*,' I. ~ -it. l~tavtI',l' inAt in 9)-miaeaci tii'. 'Till. (lt.rn.t.4i trv~ii ng 

CONFIDENTIA~L 

a

"it otg fasil" st.all ftm W a 

..........- 1 

~W .GoOFAnIN 

~Lm1 

&ft ~ Prmn ~ ~ f16"1%4IP ~ Sille 1 im 

.. 

-Hal% 

1 

7. 1wthrin li. a e inc4s, Imt t irimawlb orvr litintimiV in. 

nitsttm Iftirmmt gumi it I the. Tmitit thim.gbta 

ounnowto. 'Noudifficmlt"r with interrhangrmammitY uwrr m- tet ltie Iiic end ~it life htul l~iti utlet i ,Wit )inl 

phrlo~lNity have firem, enevttantermml. fern" it( the milliliter Nutf liners that emmemi he imeteytd 

In surmer to ei~almort tho pssotenitmzd mm,'4imlnr',e of a in the ,'nne lthle, the mnext miep wtoohl lihe itsw find out 

teilarrulsle wrerl liner, twoi foirth..r ctiob tire tukml'. wwit-tiwr tile mse sit( t hem- lincrim vvitm erwammomirai. Thle 

T1piifir-t is6 touemmntinw' lise trng tv'~ts ulmtromly. nimad, rp.1 sid mumstsifami-iinmihmK anti ohilpiamg te a thntrT ci 

tsimng ** many auijlitismral linteri.v Pu meihml Iat m'spuirred wamr, niba nrem.'sml fimmiw pith. N liner. sibsumil Ixw en.?.to, 

n-irmle the nm~in fill*- tonlit (sir fimmihr.erviwrri~. T1irme rrml with ltie totalm rip-# of nMani f-Irwmnn g andu Fhips 

eml isito li fe pre-smnmuiltl wevoikl owilir IU'nmmise sit( the ping V nmimnishsim tumlix-. A~ fmirlb ri~urtutiactstmp* in 

rrlmwsn maheomis ittme liner. 'rhe rite tit tl-:A priiimin is r'isilal lie uninle wls tile Iismis (W tin engmnercing~ltmnh OfS 

inmhsilitmnekht It( tile em inilit i. a sid t 1w lisle it tIs III- rigin lite nmismmig(:'st iiimit ogj ,inrat hsi. 'flle ttsm iemn thazt 

of if nling. filt at guraph qIf t ilt. ertjik.1al fit1 mmmitl At( 4sf mm.t lie mamminlt iimil r vm .i c~crn e, lw',,ig of the snlt'r 

tiw' tm-aam niminl~sm-sf rismnsI- tinm'l ;n flc tlii.'.-lmit it in sfmiii. t~e lumisi,mmiitl isf an itich onu the mliammmiter,. sif 'he 

ltgmmn 8. ilusrpi? nci f144-t live n-plami-imti'mt 4A Iimtr 

".V* after rimimnil 321. A ,.imii:-r m-i~mipari-iim aftir ilie 

luminer :tlt .f tilt- rmN("l4' hle in'If the tittle. If tNtue is 

more I)[: v timi t to ltu ~mall :min-msm. tfime tiuter expmmmus 

in.-wiiit-.s mIf liner "'*wamu nopt 1m.-lxlt .itl.i. mlite andv'.id' mmiii-i iýt limit n-adilY rms."Wpule. as 

lain ml;amet'r ite fl'Im-is linrist-r-in! 441mm~i iii,.tivil 4i n.,ufmindimil istmlic, cuidmii ili,itgr ,It 5-uimm liner. 

itncr"o-sm. pirm'mmilAtly I Mi-:tiMini it( Vristmxwiimig. N~i intornmali.iius 

i, namiIimla I.Y %% huh1 t.1 Gn II :Il ),1 'tsi:04 

Wit h nim Isrn mmmi mmi (it mminic ralim. . thme nreeisarr 

~hrmnm :1 Iw :ii.liiit-il ill primimw-tim.. 

CON tI DENTI %L

Un* 1~R %N14, EITUIHI IWEQI.% MVV.flVJ 19F- E 

sm an 

* ~ 0 

0 

000 

eO k ti ;ti IL OS &0- 40 ti; anS , 

1 

Ve~eu . ~a.I..c~e~c 4 1110-anecaun 5cue nes TPV je%4 1%m i*nil Jcfvw~if tol *M . A-4I Umyewaw" 

&vd 

let im-nae -A- ,eee. Il'..w4,. pecet 

wcn A.Usalb.m" lv..,ccg (nalemil e.eUew lt.Ut.. . GILt)l. 

I. lKce-.c i..eete 

a* l'l WILATiON OFTi hIIFY)R OF TURF 3JL 1'ewvaruof 0 ailure - 

A~ sAMPle te..eik at smmupwmeie enemwr run amai-. 

UA.8 Jitrndct~n y IN.' roaence-tiede to40 e~ Iaijr it4 when the seimple 

UNlIie neiger njiini-dinute' :ne excnrt thrwirnetee eel 

Ilite AtrMM" SOe INw''lle., (1111`11111.14414. file ee"'aelitieg 

v~itoooawa(wii .n w-m4q nO-ltr7 

oeIrmo in thaet nwinhee' ,eeinc ela e.,eceeelj the yield 

eel 'teXtig cenem'lniie ie.nnerI ~ eaa 

in 11 the nowd tenflsionl or rsupirrvicicS teste. 

,r'in trnwrnil time enistv ekl few l~ n.e a neuttila, iles.ign fait nweceIeeec soveract 1'e tie Inem titia thane prinis 

wirk. Fir I hiii, fremain. reptvi whmen-e gn~es aruw ice ,In--.. thisj Iginiae' dales WAt Yield statis-veetory rrAmft. 

nr59 1ee175'. ninny aesuemniplctie on-e ai. 17141. ~wlkah fre'15t Fiwe cu~Aiplie'. in a Kgem ttiIr. failein' Ineighl ewur be.s 

ini s'imple' t~i9Clti~an1. 

X41e0 cas tile filme 

haingfl an nerir-tryh'~ ceetimiiy ue ftaran' - i( 

ntj Aln ehta. It ise thme latitivare Iv( Oetnrigh. 

theC p rinnipal olettev .eee'e e hel thle yiel 

tieje ..e'einie teo diwitsvcee acnd ilitirae Ie'u e 11w uienlitimem rweo thtieg..ie. a fasilue a win gm teiivee have been ex. 

eel thaw'.simeienlitied rls'tmitaiiina; teo tim' ek'.4gc eof hy' te'nxivwey u".Ac. U~ntil grrve'etly. thlema geiti iie'eigwi of 

Ivarvei-ewity wee. teciwe. iest~irriay than".e sconfillinieie 

Rivrsewry 

tim' n.vfiWamel Nr e.ei Athe "niat'.rem cinnte 

(St. Veleent in. 1Tieje tietej'i e-tites that failivae' 

I'liiiam feeer )ucie' :eoeeeintljernma madr' I411ta tic e torl vegnewimn eater peart ise 'tt~inwiit imerenti tile Omln 

Ilhe weetiern having e'ieneiskitn'l jie a ,eecwl acei'tjeei cIt a. cewpeeligtah' lt-tngli eile'tnitwd lby 

thicjk-esuli teive~ lurino infinite' lenegth aviat eeirwneect 

e,.eileeeir, 212 that tle' jinti'nul lien ,en' ise e'eteeial'. tlie. 

tile elcccal t e'sieeds test. huesv eritiveieen at(falr he h lnas 

liv'en i ee'rclat"6 by- tile .en4''t hcr 1 

Iceeeitsjelinni ýI ne-egs (3% dimut fiae- Unieei-e Aereetida rx~- nhiei'l %eetpaa that itiltitrt' neay IN' ie.ýitela'rml toi oir'iS 

iere-.""- tile e'.eeini~ ie~li-tn nto id tm eeJ :ecactlt vi Inc.w",'e 

eat. (1) dilnt fil.. 1ee:eieeiinl isael aell t iiieg,. ie flti-s e'lutýiv' 

wIvellg ties' .'ieear.-ereswc in a eeiit Vuiemeree of tle Ma. 

I ernii ex~icIet4 Iwl'eeimtir-arne'41 ix cit ut eIeeine 31 thle 

-teavicia rsliti leeot ill fti. ce-cecil tklueh' trtl. 'iltis mitglht ales. 

ha.)I"~ ifiii ýI -1 ie, Iht liic r'. icce"lien the 

- ~~~~~~~in.m 

n-wec IY. a Vlic,.w* .. in.,. . ,Cc ~~) cime 01 ee cc'11 ce- (411136.01e1 (P 4.1 O pleieer 7. in i liid 

CON FIDENTIAL 

!iuwercer, . 4 

- aP

*.guaviM~m *.-. 1 .gii:a.nt e -n~ .1. Ial~li:l fN ,wILer fi. 5ln-iillt f:,illon. Iim-mn4.s, 1tWime gii 

At. ; ov. *. lolisil P.4f-; unit o:- 'su~Ivniio.liiuu --( to 6-11 114 1111 ft' i-4 I.' -l lt IIIIIA haicah4+l AV Aiu- W.*u'l 

v toM - -. l o - a. , re/antlm -oany otlvl2El~i. jarit,o. r~wltulaI,n (non cap 

too ~ ~ ~ Ine " onowumugpm-fýx ~ I ii 

%trrt.. agtimmm, lv ,.inl in et li-i. inpEriiiii-i. IllstEal 

lliicL.Wooll row.m 

Illien awlui-~Al ia"lpmies t@uPhmi.. 0-a-4 ~ Irim-ouuitre lout Cannon Tooutwe 

MAm ajai extor-Aru it n rorm, (IUs stn-.mgd tlurtmwJuma&t 

the wdN are nopt temumlsA Ibt vracy tirvamn th innmq tel 

*Tim, onkmwmv Dvirtum-tin t umoAfi..-may laundaud 

o..qvq a prnxti~urn felns. t..oluitiinItsn theckisivadgmen 

lite 01m1tat mirface, as I% fuuitn. iuei the lmilillia.1'um Ilion tuutum,., otlumr I loan 1110-041M.1tuapd tulxv." Is d 

dlbiriloutiojfl Of thoe tn.,g5pm-sisive botliLatmitns w 

(21. u.-eiof thiiu tiumilmtiome ilicso.meumic liuns (3) hzamel~ 

1%, and cl, %tui.h 2fe tho&>"1tflv Lasui4 feormniuLtf Ni unipliruni ft, -n. 1 ~iat.s (41, 

wnt~d in adilTcrentrosaamiuo iuuiq1atiunAl l),(2),anm1l I- ~gJ 

13, u(Mmuisfr7. Ikcre i - ruiimoim's ralio( ioostaly 

takemn as 0.3 fur ran silvd): poo - intenwta pn-mnuvre; 

- e'mtuirmi pnimmoe; r. - isit" -rnal iamus; n 

e xtemil2 ratl'ittS r r 2dius to 2tiv i.4'liun. 

I' 

fito Y, the ofrc..a iii puumnitm6Im r mptumre inch at vlih 

" ~ 

i.atan mu 

Ugatn itv SOf1.hesllkm 

(I%^ ~ster) pnunm-m (in pmjmunds per solotars iuwhl an 

-F2r 

/ 

116- flo" - 

,.p 

r 

ii 

~ + - 

(.ol 

1% 14..i, 

4 rr(m) 

/ 

intgi -m~ P6 

1, Itho vial ril iod I Itoi tiuhi, dtefined as above-. For&5 

in 3-i4ld stuic4t~ig, tho tanct-viial re,4iotianr (mmu. 

~imnnim pmioum'me aithimiut sim-,,ing bmiosvid this 1irM mitarJW wilLta It, wliih is &-linedlay eltuatima" 

Ail R -tj + 

.9-V 4 ~ 4g..u . )r Ir-I x1.2 X1.13 X FA fie 

Foot a Pun fill*, wh"ith isoumuiljetM to internal iumrvi mnia tianCL-aliaI rit-iouinnue hhiint Iwnit h " thsJr 

Pont uic ily, eujuations (2) reduce to ctujuAtioxi (3i, ohinv loy cigual iin (Io int wi-id 11 - ratled ami- 

1:69 + to, WE + I, ,iam puwikir pur-uwitre ( 1.2ed 2 -= o 

- -A~j ~ VW. fuuimal cninlu rtilge to actli4 Pr.'mAlre; 1.13 vi- 

1)mo iwvivi port.-oumuto rated auluxirnium; and M.S - faSm 

U. - Pm - m,.~'. 

Aw Z.* -r3-N*1 

3rI 111cfactu(eO(Sfa41fctyailudIke nohighasseisCM14nt 

with duimensionalI ric.trjutiomis ouf tlia gun, sod in 

in %thih It', lthe wall ratiia, is uldhwmt no ro,,'. ur noti caf lei.s tlicm 1.05 o%-ur ilia nr.-un of e'qui4vd 

44, .1,. Tenoilo at revoir are eli'idc " eut posiitiv#-, while maxininiuun prtnýuure. Facture olf safey at, themu 

viornpiprrs'vo atlim-mS anid ptnewlrs are cuwvicrcd (lint cuanadvuiuig fhuizlo blls-) will normally be 

nu'oatimC ahimot &. 

.as an eaamplt-, combitlr a ttiulk having an internl TIc yi-iil hti rength nn' iremt ot 0.1 per eent Air, 

lnrr-Aie uiCi 6 p-a; zis'ida diamnictir, 3 in.; and s111. 

-uice liamm.'tu-r, 6 in. Fr. un c.liilult in(31 lite three 

as pu'rifiemiid I, *v U. S. Armiy Slooiliititin 57109.1. km 

ppr )imatii v 10f,i0W ~l~i-ig uIur thlan II'c true ebe4i 

lmnCciPm1 slnur-4 are ealmuL~taul aim: owntnu h of lthe glint :, Tlemturie the 3-irld swt~th 

SWI P4 

-- 441.00 lk4 

- -l2,~jai.at 

* tol bi le iii'in tlite nliti'C cailctila:itins ftar ta:UaioWUI 

na-- itiuc uiiuI'-t the 10 ,W() p-i ti-S tha tha:aIit nIca±.m'I 

0.1 P-r milnt otT..t. 

A mup..r"'~ kiti uixn %%inttcn reeii'nly not a:m i 

sil.itt 

%ihtie 

m Il-. va-iur in cfqvit.it . n (I It vio-tloi a 

.f Z.N p-i f,rlithe cpi-ujiiiluiit ,lp-. 

I hc d.-i,iL:uiIic (if gKu ie.. I cigt iuu nc clk tm O 

- 1 iutiu. g...-., anvi g i-;ips ciii iring a '.ide ramrv 

m:O FAfl NJ ft Ji

411 OliUT U.%E&K A It OHIER OF-1C-4 FE %T(RVA. OF (;C% TIVBKE 

of st.1ll !rltt., %t* to gir.-I 4-%plalIiatimisfl~ the mertiiula in which F' its the momrloilus so( elasticity. 7hen the 

ii lmulmgthee~ttijm'effctsit!b~ntlat" ~a pis-change in onteitie ol;iattietet of the liner is loves by 

-simnp. Thenr 'is alson i wi'Il-tooitintiu nuetiomil of wRp)- equation (8). 

arating tihe loralizvui uonif-prut band prv!'-ure truni~that2t 

of the, traveling wave. Title fuilnlanwnumais of xmt di'- AL- 2#w# m 

(n.' + r., 

- ;. 

140M !gave fleets di~-Mim*.e in 'twO othter reportst, im 

(5ew 1 of1 %isttt ifttl. is tet i ll:ti4I to r-liiad 

V~lwltjisiiwiawlin Ilie tifrestits longitudiinal sit n.. 

%noilarly', for the tubge (in,.ille r~adimls - y, aout.ide 

holius - r- anti internal poresmiure - pot the change 

in utotside diameter is given by equlationr (9;. 

W Stre-w in Slornrk-lin Linm Ao 2f l 4 + IV or 

Finelom e.yro6lvtermy mywoothe~s'h Navy bm & *'~'-~ 

Mallkr nots'dimmm.anti larxri-cathiWr pIins of the biitilt- The dist.nctral irterference I bertween the liner 

top" tlope, in which a fdaU-k'ngth liner is shrunok tntis noiawI titlse will lie deternnnedl in general 'fy equation 

the title. In g.'nernl1, thle lose of shnink titbes anil (il 

linus tendis to msinmce maiximutm strreses, making the 

aotorwilily capable of ieithstanding higher powder I -. 1I)r - ADa. 

prtsuurrv %tithirnt failure thman can the ordinary 

nitontoislue till'. T'licre.urwe in iattie moslels an addi. 

tiwsmtiol jarku4ts i.hrnsk oni the onsmtid-, of the twihe'cm ove 

r+~ 

~ IVi~ 

the rear purliom that 6s e~rs..I to the m.%\imtm 

Powdier presisiuny. I 

AS 

'' ,i (10) 

Thi Karim niehtlo i6 useftil fur preventing mouve- '"' r. - 

onewt of an cru,.ilm-re,.i.'ant liner, as has lx'en men- if both the tabej asti liner have, the smew mlwjeou 

tiunril in Switi*oH ^=%22 W( chnoti'ity E'. slnd 1'uislwions ratio, ji. equation (10) 

-Mert aetirni nrioteferefnce dut-s not. exist after thorM 114 tO Viito (M. 

lullis liace liven Oisriunk togeth'er, there is it high press. 

smam litqien tInItw timic aeundl liiter. Thi s, pmspoi re crreat 2,ro +~ so v 2. 

plis.4tres in lthe tubse anti limner, even auith tile gun at A'Lg po Js (1 

rest. To the-te sti-sacs Ohmitld ite ailded aglmlii.icially 

thle itirvosts pruilbired in a mornmiilsie tulle he thtr Fromnt hlteiscation tlme shrinkalge rv-'Smir~ecautsedby 

ipowtiderpt l-.sl, in order to obotain the pre-ssu.re at nay given shrink-lit interference maiy be contputed. 

any point during firing. 

In tile ti-wnsi~sion that fulluivs, the asstimptions are 

TI'its, if a liner having 0.530 in. ID, 0.75 in. OD, 

S - 5f0,010,M psi, pe - 0.3, is shnink int a tube 

niate lmiat 0(Ii the radhial external prieS-stlreotn the limier having 0.75 in. 11), 1.3 in. 0h), R' - 30.000,000 psi, 

is eiona to thle r-tolial intternali lm~us..re on time tithle, is - 0.3, an interferenceuf 0.001 in. betwerntio tube 

(21 nosta oh iss umr exist between lthe tuthe and liner, and liner will catuse a 3rinkage pri-twim-o~f 14,800 pui. 

and (3) time externial radlial deformaition of the liner At the bore uiirfaice of tile liner, the tangential 

pWits lime intetrisil radlial deformation of the tulbe is 

equial to tile radial intL'tterencee. 

ill rts prod-tecd I~v time shirinkage pre-muire. is given by 

eqluation (121, whiich issieri'.cd frounteq~uation (2a-) by 

Fur a fine" withI uniform external prsue eo .omiootitnmtion of the bmimntlary conditions r - r. and 

ing to emlitations (2). the simiple stresotes at tile ant- job - o. Th1i.,etmvo. will iv, nteptive, itodicating that 

sidle suirfare arc given by equations (7a :und b). and the slimffire isi in comuprrflctiin. Miean powider pre.simm 

the unit tan~pntitial strain bsy viapmarion (70h. is applie 

eI - e 7m his ,'urfztci i6 in t cn--ion. Thu1 s th li hrink-age presurie 

tm-nqtis to i-d~uce lthe stre-s piusiuret by tile g:14 Pre%- 

- R 

,a / rs! 4-0 

2 

\~~r, 

m'ire-mn~ili~hr~ pn'-s.mn's ninv loite ul thtan if the 

lu:,rri-I Pall been 4)f nuinislobe construction. 

cnNFIDKNTI.%L 

dlo AAli S

* Suto -il n( Britttle Jsr IN itr~iriao ~ is hjm vii'n.1#s.n.--onii 

666.61 in m.6'm..onf t~~ i a thunat 

1662n r? I,.1.4.6Ilh i'v'. l 671m i.'t DB infI a 61 Oil'ro, mosmoinss D.:,6,.ID Din- aro"1 lar.T t3DB 

262 -- m.gimlio til..Ilsofartohs..a4r,.p'o.!is itu fuy.i m iraasW fIPY3Dol~f~ 

'.w 1.1 -6wnrt6h aini JItiaiilatv a'I...'I ono-h~rling in,.gIata.I lol:6'6DD At o.ols.INk'116666 D 

.DB 661411Ntt~tIm is- 

. iga ilDE -11,0. a,s Iola %y IN- ,.iq'6 Is v r~amittifu1iDDB -dD 76h its no'irlY Inive s g xw noi ta hatl uf a poinkillue 

Ta61114 4II ilDl O D64t 19 111.'iii. its 6666row I,1 6,41v t now mapos As( ,.tq4 su61.'idoi.' five ou rionaljtiollim. Ftw a 

it( Si6'l-fi66 Not. 21 .1.. nost oliffet gre-3l v (thol6mit r-a toll 

join ivel'. Boin.l~-. -of thi,. -unmi~ri~o in ,mollgklo~tm. the' 

,4n--~ DI'ol-rlD6666.. its3 

a66'411f4' liner 1DB mot, giiau6i mlii'. 

fa'n'nt 66. 4ii thum in3 aioitiLar mvit'.l hine.i 

Vowar 3isi 1166' ta I t.ittir 6 fl13te'fl. hoat4B6'vD1. :k 111666 4 

it- f:14'~' L.W.1r4' ul1161111 Mill.. .% iftih : 

1 

4i "1160111'4 in( 

6166'~% 64h6"' ianlvq. 666 .Nvi'ion 26.2. Ilia- DBD6i366Dis M' 

,It',' -111 ts' 6'.666361mi6 (12, mimm~r.t.6 a way' tif 'Drrlfl. a 

v6116, Dg 6 hi- dit116 1 1Y . HY~ 1.6646linK file liner' imn'Ier 

ufCli)iu IIte hiwi"'71436. 5 

I6 *IF 6~6 'D1'66DMDLI,61 

&.r~orilord in (1ual,4r'r 17. A t'.movlwroi-.ie IiDI.I .4rro 

of (rum tMj,l1.)o 101.lXIX flo Alto imgu.6.6D6 mn thisfItine am* 

M1 Iet~ of' Diffcneumseo in A 

Thcrmal Properiram 

thiat till melft'1v61'D1 'f ithermalu Del3:66l'i~l. u(d 61 ljin.' 

mate66rial Omoh. 1 6it-til 666411666161 toot miDDIll-r6 

ToUPIDeArvot to next,:$S 4 

61muin that of Pwr,.uw -J. Tloo-.moli v ~ DE .a,.' .4.*4 an f wmolyo., 

the. '66'(' ill %'ijhi,1 it i- ilD'6'1 ill'riii,'6 

hrinK. t'-p6ieialf in a flla1146 jiib o 

4 

.I11inng 

IgirVDi, 6166' Itarr1'D' 

lo-truDDn.tD'D.~ 6 loo .' '., ." I dol. 1IT),.. filcute No 

1 

alis-it.A w lilian 3.in Nh6( 0 4C t.l1..D No. A-423) 

k" Iik'h' V' .'epanlattoI v643 frtmi the liner. 

One. uf the~ dI6i6llIcltiw4 file 666i1 liLliit~i- -.4 mllOtD- poil4jeo'4'tl' 6t6166 fie 6 164d lwoi 16' l'6wvv in a 0661 116.6% the6 

demnilt~ a 6a1l pininer mateial6D16 is- 61611 it hava. a lotw 6 6'66 aia'y.6 vlom-A tilit at.6 :66 1r6 m 7,6' 3 high 2Am if it uv'm 

cwfi*'ti w~ 4f twr,6fllI 6wq4lf'6lu. A-" maY4 litt' -v'" frwn~ iii-miiiatt'mI 4w 6llD'1 6164' I6 t 66 6I''6'1V', svv-Ai 6D v141 60.- 

fill- 1"i mDmuy.- inl r'~irw' 9. oml6 6'.lid-14' iltw:ilsV ob61trivil fit; he16 AtDD jari-fi'. 1166' c'DD6D,.6116'66 lv'3tingdo 

6111 i, (uirtii.r rl~tD-phlvatel' Its 16 u Iui'.i ni.iihhi-is( tha!u~n 6ie614' 66DIWlolt666666 * 

hlner 111A~ t~itlate 11t s Wllm ( 

tiiIi mt m?:0 lproI-iuri' tt-witi' till.'. \siti6 'ull a In. the 114al6'66ilmt l'DlltilmDi~llg flm% in ( lu.'t ititu the 

till., *I. I".0I 'Ii.I-lI' mg Owi~l 666p:muh'r moll'. %iit.letl.iiii frmnfll-614 I64D44ml.r rl,%.6'4ý %iill rakie its 

till'. il~l";\ I 'mi,,I l l1:6.'?. it114 6w i66rd 6,DBit:1166D' .1'.- t666611i'6':66D66P mawl im-m'6'imit,- 6'\16;666imDD. 1166' intet' 

CONVI'II)NTIAL

-4IaaauAT L~Aivj6 %%U sVIL sE-6U.I WEA1U3V.I4 tat CUN TUM&1 - 

* nap, ujoitin 41( lit-M Ill%%ini l t se I A a M*~I j:at-k4'i matalal I)a-v. -hanmis.Isil. Italaai. it 414-a 11114 dliais Inon-IametatI4* 1.0 

111if it lot 4-1. 4 ;11111 %a.11111aart ant1il figlp .444. andI 11isil iiiaI 4 -i.la flintt given a anales f ' %adoisla'nint ##il ht% 

* ili',iita1111 iri am"~a 5 ii itl ac.. tait ngnit di~ii. r~r it Iila i n.lg tit.- prag.1iopo-Mi jitl M -tjil 1 it ti-tats sw.tireft-00 

th piw t- %%om*."atilti In roisoo-noinl. 'l16 'I".. wifitiu Ilam it W irvsn'i :I a will line~r isv 4irntk-filtilli Affln*. 

.1entimt so itwh t inotitil rati s. .Iiat.I ratt 4-acknsLtt. aaa 4eos iii Stave.Tilns Ilowrtt 

lint 1wi fir-t teoatot t tisa( I atglaiteiutio~n aon. s hip d6u11 

slully V viiao ail laee ie ov Atlrtinkita andial ltizig list- ~ atli nue-n. that h~aJ. lass-11i ,.ata't'''a'(t syIn Vritint. 

itul.1do"Itliaitsio allany. IIl gsuatrail is!- 11-itratr. '116i liner is, tite s.Iava tyw~ ad rtounaolntitaii 44lr.riloo's in 

.aoyItaa Ii. ittr. asclu a-Itr t a.! litsmor aqiaaiatt iii 4atiom 19t.5i2. W~ith thipi atrrancpitnt the tuaigvntial 

floor nits 211 tat W~lI stls. Pas o~niignwh. iii any alla ostmosaqau firrifing t hi~s foows" s. Nila iatn mrm4t' 

fin.*t huso hutso high .tsasasgill natal glouni et~aatirtiatas. taiwit tip the .4-omts ls-twersn stity-. '11m- -ts-.dP proo 

Tb*Its. lIi! lto( ther-litar Avves nilth. it pasa54Isk too altniitt si a~i 4 w Iasvct..4ylw Iainv has, ia-ri uaairalvis it 

hat. n lilEIosuimal lirtur. thniastig onto. at theiw mosalasla. Ills baillntinx thrimsn.4 

.lai-isit iti itisu inprin, t'l in; rt ililai-r 14 ravl I iusavttiao-i.aa. A en" P,+nt..aa at!it .as'ar e lionLauittiinal .4eginiet 

jast liurn.I iwhithfu crnikintii" *l-folaa inigauite Inisitit-11 fat 4 foit-it.arya liouer isii 4w iiin Fitt Iigai In. ..aatsmiuaitt 

tiat srt-itigls i t! 

thte hadlllasi It-rua las'-atnt-,. that file fine-n lit,; hlitajary. it is% astie upoorn In-rnormial 

am-st ia% 84.11111 p. 

P.- at1ta-tilit% wa. prajulast lkulit ln than a s h 

(amyasuwsavetlwentire totapiiie atadatre eqal to the m~. 

plow~itss pl"wAsaiat p rand hr' fnia-tiainu~al pp -t siP 

11t4Vailo-i1tatiaa PRtN~iarl l~ater 1wy the' ntprn-t-a'i waia*. am tilea 4sulitir ,4vfare' hty slidting 4d! tile ittav in the 

init -fieathill- oles-riittt l ta N4-liia 18.3.2. 

.%n amitnasr tit tile' ajmti4'snt 4odwl-ther-tile fata's,- hiug 

bareln t asI o h l artrir~4£%panes. N.egks-iferfit enaling Mo.a 

atte"Itt. tile irto:il-ts of remta at It. the tenter Oine al' tiw- 

Peiaztnasgit will lie 4t re-al intpattatstar in tita- wita X a amtattaiak 4it she- Oiveys, is, givent lay ralttainiat 1131,, 

ateoulti.sntilysna 

nu u f~lman iner e-:ainnwIN l gw d.s " niutil a 

tagtimpli 4i ntriyholetitar Iizing, Poilotgwn plautafal - P 

pnps-rawtia-a has.tact lir nt~iosnas. I nuy tt 1wel that 

2 

masthi'alit-mutni havinig an tittitatte tangetguiattl strength "~ here Ifi the explupi-un pnraasre. s tie e'Wfficient a( 

O ay!si 1211,M1) psci anata sight thaictility wall lie attle to Iricion.a the laavitangle (radianoo, rtheraieniutsta 

resst.aa-eesstalvtle aetorla-tnatiain jitai sle'ssrilwe-a. sthe msiuia" of the ategmcwtt, A the thickness of the 

Nativsolentan wit is thiii high a taensile itrenigth Waouldl m-.ntierst. To determine the equivalent stiess, se-u9 

isloto have a a-urn-Apsinclinrjy high ennitpn-ta is- a.'sa~ e% nteio wa s aumned s htt 

s-trngt~h duat wasit: tltent- or'tattnd at ratfwt - Msvr - o).Sinr-eo. - -p~thacqtaivntlentstre.s,hasedae 

c-lvatjom01.s gisven by equattion (I4P. 

rP . 

0301v iss + W l- 1. (14) 

whirlh may lie trnn,4aarmed to eqnation (IS) hy coot. 

A t Aloination with equtation (13). 

4L 

r 

'ltiia ealatitiun shtownt flint boolth tw 4itiple andl 

rou~tivitleno sirespeoi (for a given gait preaaontre- are 

~~~a ftsn.tiown ti the stasatliiaaan-itinn ratio iwwzr A 

alitase. atna in aslu siihips ntuotu itrnaemam the - trrtowe-p 

liI'ewirie inar-,%ae. tOlvjasa t 

iv, t hen, it as les-irubls, to 

sainke thIis, rutial siuall lay(v tait aItibiting th -ts' nvfuat- 

11. MI itt C"r-.1. satuns hia.tsito"Am.ifiljtoIt t1" fittv lictuvctn Ilta ,tiv %- :tia and tvrrel. (2) iitiuag a l~argvp attim- 

N 1)1 

.. " 1ZtK I- i't.il.. ligionfl llst. ottaran'i xx ict-'ts- fitt in, 

Itatiatal X,.. A-273.1 

1s-r 4saf 'ave.a'natd M3 tIinK Ithc-iik-waleal ..taysa. 

Tablek I lAktaws thle sirvs-c in% aI 

CON~FIDENTIAL 

savitytpc liner for

... 1M.1 -d (Ifirl~un 6.8~. i ala ~ Iwif.au 11)0 . ~ ~ 

4 i"1411'iw (ti fi*14 

- sli 

Mng S6,71111111. 

oil 

At 

0.2 

A1,41111 

37.0 

-34JX) 

77;AV 

101A1M 

44.11113 

111101111 

lE~Ilnw t 

12,111 

13AN 

1U11110 

SMOR( 

.4 

A 

A 

MOW01 

"Am3 

uGU.1 

MUM70 

$SGi~ 

mwktmo 

IMAM1110 MUM1 

tmomut s112mnt 

gmuiu1flt12 t 

&a .ý fb~- e.a. F.wa lot Now-i W--as -so.- 1106 wsa.. A"-osf%& *t- 

a rnlilwer .10 Pimi, at e'%g1l,*04 m11mm orAairnsto 91010 1"'. s'sr1iton litriulewfiiuldr Its thme axio trMoornwtis M Im ignoisitmilt~i 

b . equalitin t151 fewr (two oiflm'nnit liner man- I I os that thovir liKittiu'," may nimiileSICI ftt Im- ov 

lhminkfm--e". fatm ediffT-nnt valt"- to( a, and feemor idit.fi thleifl'ert-ut thenrimil exptmnseun of lime xf*%;e andi th~e 

f..n-at rahking, 4d 0. oMitw jacket. In Ki -rul, 11w- Inirk da stave il busumill 

Anm inqiourtant ronmrlip.iti (rumi rotiatiiin 4131 rol nIs ( emir p~nwo haeving a mhmn1uma 6w of if cv* 

that. iinedrr tipe lt5.Imnmstmitia esmasle. time. tangerltaI lion, anti ..,nilar plane 7.eemrfatio.m form the grooveol and 

i,1.tr.e ill Iintcroi of a i~vt)mitnmlmrr of Atates in Kumn-4 4of thinim,-twitring ..imrfiterme in the jacket. Ikr'atilse J the 

dihlt-rsumt ri lilsitr will lie (lie Italim pri eithil thaut fipe nsweimaniral difiidinih iti..imelrent in thi.' flsiga, ii has 

%Al ratio :snil 

etoate ant. 

time or~ietrient Ill fmirtiisa fremain Nnot ývt lopen t rird. 

Inc.". -~iig the inuanmer if ei#avro tin41 ekeris tim 

tangential mrt-o in rat-h dator intrmselmmeea fiwgmle jidlm a DEIGtN OF' RIFLING 

of ITilarimeintrim fip ave". Imrazini has; Inv"n Awfla 

Itiflr itu4411 (" r ten-staim- lioner (iml a relatively few 

ruimdusin .3 er..iu-tmuilig te elila ~~ 

Ifilling i1441iairementa o 

Hypervelocity Guns 

tion 11.2.11. Fio~rirgrtaliitur Win. stw ing woklsth 77o The etyrovelurity Mons. tu which 1)iviiiion I has 

jonrmickrahuiv nitar- difijetmlt ams id oght lop frost .4wgie vent eunpitidin-rtion l.inu- hem-n imesr fur firing Pospim 

Crotst eel. totsaloiliae'mI pmumjertihie.-. lienre the lion- murface of the 

A wirlinmisial -dmmine few' kyin-dg ther stavrw if a lgin s temum 6~ mifled ututh herlic.-il gauves -in ritier to imainmtist~mvr 

liner its pIame- hmay, Isin ii r;z,-ts'. Fadh 

"Istat i% nuindminedl %ill' a tisosgime Un ito harmk iýurfaee 

part spin to the prsmjretilt, hi rngsomeinrnt waith a dit 

metal jac-kietr onIilrit. o I- m'A softmtal motating hend 

to fit intim :I eterfr-.pinnehimle grimier in a MMti- jacket. tilt asrtilli-ri pinsqeetilest. 

Tietoule',-mmlil Is-lulsoieaien as 4imiewn in time plaume nwm muational veltit-it Iif a Prujem-tile in (iretily 

S P~nmspiorrtmal to flth- tfiizili' i'lurit v % hen it is fired 

rna guns havings theoin-aer twAi~t of rifling. Furtu- 

NnS~~ 

\ ~~ 

itisirl 'thle St abll ve.ite i.,ilw-OC4n the trMA ofer 

am~~t- utham lt if the4 pre ijet-ile is t mNe at am-e vreliity' 

N, it i% Ialik at m all e'mlaitip. mesl'e Tu ti the no idioffrt 

/rn ,ipe tha id ;a 

gn in order moanke 

.ini, asi55. it- i i~l i Iimvee t. Is. y,.. ins~la jrie .i him- 

Iii. i,... I. 1- qns lwf"Aii. I'". 6K a ists .I- .. gu. Ii l~ei-c .( Illsinslt inhrr.e the e%.4 of 

1.o itj,m.-. 1-ui.. s4n I Ii. ..,,ii.3 aml.4iowwlamiuiui r.iit,-W ai u It aIi 'sid thick. 

CONFIDENTIAL

Sit$ OVIONeR LIN11. 5 11N ans Ocmgw ie_444e 1 MYVI1'tR'6. ~.,q nitV 

T'h' timi'ecceal nemneent roe'rretr e"s flab e'.grarvel Ieeeateee eel t'flec'ceee, -n~ltv tin trarrowt' larmir at-ti ('tn-lY 

llrcl-vticor~ 

4d Ilse 

lizeeel I:': Ove riflinig itiere'me',ea: the ti' qe~e 

v. cc'n-i trcIls e lf4 eer-n thec lortnod nenterial 

rnah cI #wt werne by the' ctgraving Indtall mawl mcdleei 

fIm tOe p. Wcast. ite. IxI' AM, :111' ze)lwn'a,'e'e ntmhir (it 

canned Io-le'iww-Mee' isullie'dateri wifimthegt ni' i.ice - bame uand grovi'nem'e'o' iftirolvokewivog nov *mw 4. 

ete'onoetg Ils euc Nari 'e'emccn' ittlupte'r 7'. TInee'r'fee' evzee'e Ips-nring est'tneee', lent ine'n'uue'el ara can lee 

the eeln'ucgtels tin' Ilse zcul aepgn'zcrm Ii fiee a nc'ciosope lint- friwteredetoaineeI fly eitheIr mc'cnst. 

ilatieeee tee till- itsw eel jaeke'tv'i eew Iezenelcel pc'cero+-ilc' at0 

v'ece'tiie'n in rxmesm' to( aleeeeet 4011) I (;b. An afnswer teo 

thisi. jc'edhc',c ixe fte lie (eceeuecl in thwec' eel- uffit"ciegavcrel 

v.oleea x (unovetA 

privi'e4ish'no acreisocneeeenl in .104ioim 2731. Sims tehreper gruzae ame mece'e& is appearie ebw41SAh 

Rrppnl~ceec od whethewr hinnotrel cir pwr~eararmle' to loathe the' Igneile witiee'. T1imnc n'lceee'ee the foen'rndi 

pceej'ci"'cotn' firr'l. time' (eerme eelthe rifling eel's hyfix'r- odey'ewe'e at tile- rtietesti eel. 1hz' lio, ate i al eco msrce sse'' 

'tvttreitv Kiln 01leeeeele lfor rnecliiee .lightly~ in ece'IA'e teeoo 'n,'r'e.c ie tlee' lenuoll. It insist fiee ri-viee'mlwril 

vietre'tgtlwn it. leer dwe fottsee lexe'ertni'e l s se-ei. riflirng by~ that ass the' wicdtih 4e hmlme'c ill ine'rc'ete'i, the' width df 

tile' firejectile' geine ic't'e'n'e',' a* 

~~'lcwtt~~m 

le mitt eeearc' e tel 11w einu' evicyrave'I (in. Ilsce rostatisit IeNesi ise fek'ec''aee 

myn frait'kal tipexe Av'eei'c P-he'aring cetrn'nc'c them'. 

V1hvs cnciecg j~arkc't'ed or IeeUMefr, projec'tile'e. weish. 

Slre'n~thc f Iiiflueesampr 

vai "I 

ombllitieeczita Aintr'ntle in tle grion ltehe'. ieije 

Itta fo e'emnvielc'rr' witli ee.ga e pros- 

Few a givtei teeewlcre tatm tin' - icjec'ile'. tIlse haringf 

t 

pee'n.cec'e lce'uteeee' flce rifling ailee6w rel p~rcejcve'tle ic ice. 

im'el&'. 

W''reuitle l ' iuo ave ' hi erthe'r ittlvneettage in tha~t twirei 

ve'rn'ly' pneopeertheerzc toe tile' ele'gthid fee Ic roonvtc. dcc.- moizictle peese~iloility eel Implyk e'rthlracixu bygiviigea 

ucekhl #it till- "etanfig hunet. aced tl. ntnLiellcl eel lanelee larp art-i to( xelippeeft top thle p)flije'tile'. It apepearsl 

awl prceev c-. It is eeleiveee,'l e'eniefe't tetke lzee' thisi cite'cirNe', wiee" aie eng prc-e'ngrave'tl prieje'tik'ee. to 

PIT Iesrv ae flow as jnceceiec' Iteo Icee'enet U-'ar. bore fiet' rifling as niece' as two t oe hueer times; an eclerp 

and the flm&le Impe eor thmet timrd'n a* widle ax in& lsedee ine 

Ds~N~.rr r1-ovc 

toeiarmlteenca gutno. It in aice, ceu jp'-sl 4i that not more 

thmo 12 anclsue nit gnmnvne sheceeldIe tlet'eee'l in gems 

f n'e'~rrcnin lice grnum' detlel in tile' crliin'ir .51) tnt, oe'w aincet 3 inc'hes' ctlilicr aned a fewer litimler onm 

eeiom-I'ethiecg gun (Sc'e'tiost 11.2.11 frine 01MR~ ice, tee cwe&r Avivr,. 

MOM1( in. =ave' ine'rse'tA4'e 'te'lecity-lifc' sit muezzle' lre'tcw- Mi~eulaie NO nprecre' fitne'hingf e'nneiitioens by givti'ee 

is(K~ e iju eee. Natilrallov, e-jeegmivir~g ctr'eec mand icin fiu'ter seeppeorte tee tiler i)noj'e'tile wihile' in the buerr. 

rjehiel Imer' len'ceceen'ce vter'c irrec''ezcel wiecc rrc'icc ei-n It 6e c'n."'r tee neinicenin ac'vciratet Itoert slinte'n'iusit; 

graving-tv~ pe' l ~nlc't, Imet tien' rr'-cctie eec-ir was note with ls'we'r anol widier laienut virce the' etlle'r 4el leore 

preepeiclicereuil. tfle iteeecly a "Iteliwlee-e f oirtIl' inae~u clersrnce inl n'elece'el. T"hin in juets-i'cularly impiortant 

to pr've'nt ieetnaelrrtiom ee onto-' preetlilccrn for e'izei-itint. it nimeemiznie'.g yawingan :ecel ezieeing in tipe lhercer Loge 

iceg zancither 048M'. wfrmt'lce' ineertiae of tile' tiviving masooc inl very 'l 

I-i ri ng leInitP i no eai'te'eI tha t 1prf" v-e'gzv, in prejert'tik,* grnat anel the' Ieeezinhliiee prfireihc'en eie~rpieenii eften ir- 

(S'et ion 277.3.3), leavinig e'eeeniving twic'e as eleep ano ri'gelar wei.'r, sm-eche ten Lens ic'n ele'ncrilleli icn Section 

ncm-rtiAiopit, nle'rJmily 1 lee 2 lipritelt gnur'virilrig titan 10.4.11. 

a ndneet l prieje4tile' aned tha leg lticth id e rifritig hale loop 

little e41i~t thate ei'r'p rifling in moet ite'le'ineesiala ltee - ~ Ae' a o T i 

te-r'iter ba~lli~..tiev. Vrertiee'rittieeez ie'c'r micll wider izencin Ate.C VTw 

'lz'crr':e,.Pe er;ig 1vr v c' ceieirc tio n' r'ecal art's 01' (liee A Wugtazngie'u Ie i.i-61 in eth-it'.ile~e fef rxe'itte'c lallin.prtree 

-fle ,tm fa~rig ghin vigte. tie'e lost inroxtre"lel, highe'r sidel fopie' 4iee the' tiflingt, 

parln'eariv at leigh gece prcýire.lre'. F'ur this er'eeceo, 

Ni~~~~~~~~cn~~ao id NAltlfe~Ajel'eltist 

lteeezcel Owe icecezzic'. l"Itic arenmccn~enent 

'1s u--4 ii~ ce:- r eel Ireels zeejl graeve's leer tmxIcteecele lie're hc-aerirg st ri'-e'nat the' iere'e'e nIc Los iet 

leigh-vmif gushslei not it etee ieee Ill n' ergeietiolel ioer't'a.'rve I li'rm it lthe' neliler. Dtniwr'ezee ics le'nglh of 

CO)NFI DEN~TIAL

iwmrmwi". at y.t ph.r jraPtite zwý tha~wgh an inenn~in te.. lifes1t. olf-siguu #of pri+js"1iio Aisl Iensswl W.10 aas 

4 asngle ift ItAi6. fiorslmser iwnni,.ua imwtinil.1fl~ owa. 

s thit 

file ifitlia in-oila4;ilfl ad( tlsa fAwrnv too fllavev'trof Wux ig 

If v~eria~ew rdleeli" vti-. punnf, t is * eis-jrimb. no nog 01ts11all U4~ looaI l.aI ifl .1 in-i gn :asse h4 11 h w pto. 

far tees uo-ar ies vinmvrn,4a'a. too rsalsgej. jlt a issgl eto lnisa. imirtitialas dlin-n-tooa to( ria4-5:55Wf %iet~shw it ami51g w.- 

A~ Is'sV t ' VC5'laujtYU 1`1.1601 111:1e V I,.o %%ao't.aI ses s-0 :10 small ao. pl-le . 1114a . use S tew tl hins a'0.%a'f 

affectu~Ie U~sms Ut~o UI fis mmkees is eA-vio" Itkitiasla 2.7.eet gotm lorvwpole "aewweNOa L A 

ina'q"I 4W if then'r i!. jkjepnn-.IdI'. deariver 14imvtl,'s die trial"? %-aes 111.1elV ina On' r;3iiI'q ..U0 s'reitl-lewlisn 

E555149tl,114 ri.1 Ils'le Iner. ernstrnfoorls fem"e jsitairoxhur 

an inliuiil * %tw is,11 th ee ri. %isti tI -.q* i-nnirfti. 

gash (;A'tiaesi 11.2.11. 7wl Isaaaagl m+sa' nigmala' 'itla 

Imaerisjsa~r liatela. file n-mraion 4o( -Alsidi bail a lanrge 

pil ft~w"-% are piqurasussia.tml te its die oijinve to( tIst' an~sg. eliansssctev tha iss 11 fe mw a i a ner . 7lisa e.r leasisi aeanlc' 

lose %vaUwI~v. flim valawo ae it la w Asnodea is twist its lmw'lilwfaalew ase'aurnea.Ts 

ap~wM. ftweum onst was rurius'aka ouat its. Aoleuqw mude sol 

atwan aso 1 esaloonod'. A~fter ans et4m 5 ifeet idC 1.50 rumenssls 

1116. R.D. Syesialm 6( Rtini"; adf4 of in insitidsal u'a~gt s4if,:AI. Il-fpa aangixh~ý slesll 

)moorw powssd'r file isn'iese'- in lsieml thannss'te wa ts nest 

Baislang nmuch is'sa than that 'title hall N'2, eaor zsptillisri'vpe 

A esjmsa'iali loAvKII aeC sliffmg als.1 a israeietii'lee 149111"1441 

it wa.irss IMIUMO-1e ItY *0,elass (Cl).. I'salesrt usual hsi. 

voillo-aiussP tit tl-la' I ateaes-It Loaieesrlnta'ssl se Waeashsis'h 

Isaslla'le, leat Ilme- vo-isit *evlreen tie % no itor Ia'.. (170 tfps, 

iass rimsjlfl'al wids :1211 r1 ,-. With pa smigrveds hatil. 

let', hsaasisve'r. Isa' vioera.,.tsaanlisng ee'lait~v 411reep Was 

.rmonisal.es 11ii, lasse Inaon va'sl'lo fst' I'elra'rt P!,ouataq. wool T ' 12 fpsa;s'~se4as.v otoftfirtlser weak ttstjo~o 

tor IM'fa'sa.y tho It.!). [Iteme-arch DImaisanesant-t esyn. isbY~i.ee I jilt 11m, &%k' ,1is'l e nt l o' at hies PMesfs'm fils 

l'111C l isa' ps r 41f this t kdliaa-g, Wias tit.4sesslas' tho ii't eu.' in hyly-arvt'oiewtt. gsnes. *liese oteetaln, hineaweeea, has 

Iseese proleee 44i ,a o gtonw les muedrsla larrl adIi-to1 t ist.e Ieat'tv ssewl byu Oler Iisasim-s teC (nlsimneen'a ie the Ni-y 

flinintimras'# 51s's'ftoa sda'ns~me -sInd ino-ra'neee'hm-ls.lesr4' ih'Isssrlssaa'n isa ils new :1-iii. 70-real. gin. 

CON Fl DFNTI.AL

(3tapter 27 

I)E$1%N FEATURES OF IPROJECTILES 

8% F. & &ampno ange it. L filoi 

%ti logge is, 44ilig-f ta ll ~ (11apler 31. 

H TrrxrnvtxmiTy GNO M lit reur l~jw~qriiiu i0iitaiile $peritlI 1fpui fill pr,-' liiro-P-s'wh go fth. italla4. 

1faor wilhatanduimag Iaiglaor sitin-pgov tliring their' preqaileSig'w thorn f.. ait,* Sn tf rall wsy1ov galesp1110a191 

a"Ma Is the pill IuNMP OW&a aauia!- Ikaha. ThN io te"v attmain highiwe wbituriawa Ithgiasa a aisloolrtiant io, 

iwsrtimilarlyI~ rue in the- gaso* itf liasillow. iilaaIs I M100 411s. l lIar jara+-eijetlle hinr tlair pa'eiilitr Priiliiemi 

Aheila. 'lia st"PotiNl aeatiaan ad( I1w pmov-oent rhailatr dolnstreaaaalfa4aig. lucy air tiepwriloo in (liapters 29 

ouona riarnafg what laxaa loonn aione iii iaternoniaig the. antia W.1 

oln',uAa., in shells 1" analyzaaaIing tlwfir efTr4s-, give the .11tiheaaugg tf testing .d six-1 fift-gings fair L-eikge 

aike4n of the panoje~viih-. TIN- inoawa inapiartaint aatrgsaaa.,a fthnagh the lia(-ise i noat the in wing ~tle rtwanarn of the 

in the nuarntle Elf a shll- nor titoor Aira. to hianad Ipn,- pnaja'qiiie aleWgnr. il-ertol in the- fariring niaterial 

ieNtms raatasel It~ ir tgrevving alurivig !laa' rifling pruw-ess which plna-orit ,.atrh lekager are se-raion, ýinrp pretrial. 

(0fig,41ipter T).alhwlwagpesi'raaa flaier e'ploaeifin in the will may- rosult. Two tesuing 

thte olwil liaale haeldiaal thet baine1. The fairnas',. whirh noe-iaaoais fair revaling re-rtain tyl"' 4d inoirarfeetions 

4a0stoolir Orr a1d gramtest inttitasity aarar A slfart sAt-ican. 

give htioghr kocal uotica' Iwuactlthfihe lieawl sat thir inner 

its Al5 locom am in'41tIK41hr in lN'W1iiEn 27.3. 

uaaelisaaa adf the aaiell tihan tise latter. 

Twa, northoalg 

samihu 

faor mithring usa. nmWla aatwaae ms. 111 

iN Rteselh~it "rau ~ 

STUMP~S INE ShEFLLS 

Iiahie ntroduction 

it hat-e IeN" int-rstugatel. 'llw ha~t volhhaeael. deaeerihaea 

in $a'atioei 27.1, elitiinates virtealav all the radial 

-wnpssai a 

The .lopliahiea Maithemtat iet Panel ad NDI(iC, at the 

1 

4t by tising as pareqcnravea rotatting rewjawst of IDhisiaan 1, pretpareid a review"' in early 

lund ao th.e iaaaa 'a the l she'll o'nich seah-A Ieigntht it 1944 ad( the work dione in thisa easantrY aind in Eng. 

flto the guabn ixmniii ' titling anisatgl. Tltio si ba d t ivcua 

the 1.relieitil. satlitahale sp)in oand "atifaertiary aahataarntae'" 

an the ortrantigsl fenturria ad tile adesign of 

ofg~iliaieh'hs'Md 

the Mlo'ganr4l analysiis inl 

litlrn, andw le-avs inl the- glerso rrsiltititr It t gas that report is .111 toertinent, anti thefilteon' it is quoted 

ptyiiiaa Itao IVe nes6ti41 b floe lis wleel wall. Tow. w4iteiml with a few ealitiarittl ehasntorv (to nalapt it ha the pretacuat 

utethiatal. alesaijiaral it, Sleetiaan 27.41. 55 theitse11 of a low. 

stress rotating londe of high torsiainal shear streng~th. 

reloatt i in the eremaining pitatrerphi' of tihise secion 

anatl iii -ctiaait- 27.2.2 antl 27.2.3. fin thei latter wection 

writh Lette ratiln eatlronpre-oa' resis-tanra' awal mtrintei a jinriarnptrtp Nias lacces adak'leg to liring the sutbject usp 

%airfare frirtimen in the guin laaaia. to date. 

1iaw ass" af either snctlimel ad nalateing thei ma~lial It woetlal scant that v.erya little enivsida'ration had 

kanegl glo fte Pa ngravinag nalewas tither the' useC af higherl ke'en given to tlhe alAiga ad( Projee'tile.faa I' treng1th 

P%' pMea'saIn'. with a Caarr"~Pianlinjo int-rease in niaizzle auntil a for yrants agoa. Appiareniti' tihe failuare of Ceevellocity, 

air a rcahauaiiim in guin weight by ikecn-sing lain she'lls aapuia pnismagr throug~h the rains (with con. 

the. wail tlhiikne'.aaan retaining the samte Mas pres..irr seetiterat urenwatairr bursts) t-lii to sauna' uttvttlimn be. 

anal vceioc;. ' . Ia addaitione. the' etonrilgriaioia ad fria'. 

tiaieial wureio ltiaae. eaiw o is hra'iaiea. a'ssix~riall 'y lit thle 

lose' ad pre-entr ii ,l praji-i-ilm '. ira awi-qts'tala'nt harga' 

iuaiarr.e in 3 .rirel lifa raxaaalting fmi tha I lie e atihnaiatst 

ing aiatid tia the prouul.'m. It is not pzartiautlsrlY dlitficualt 

to inasaL, Or t hiakness adf tha' shel %%all, ,o great that 

no failaure' woajhld ajcit-m, bait it is al~aa l'in nmisnt 

rnasae' Iiita nake thle shila.1 rother thlin in uirdtir that the 

" 5 T.'.* rlaauu Ala', tDivtaan INtf taea saira. ) vi-ia. .a tie a'r~aaa int. i.,oaamnar~v .'.elit-r a th~e ima'v4era 

3aiflniiaat ad( Nl,.t~itanati,,% %lictigan maatae taallege, E"a n.t 1aa a 4oully their ilaiwr.a a,.t- and t-.' Ir.., 11616h iaavef.a 

tlAn-eeia. Mit.hiolow.) josteafa. 

via C')NFIDE:NTIAL

i'i~'lt.,i~4Ii ~1t44.I 4111I%. inIanrp is, io.-...Ilels diaigmcIr gnujuir Owntier 11W 'ifi t.4 allt' n-iAn ct-e. 

:sill. 3s!,.o in ,.tIcr Ili:al Isri 1.r fragu.tIaxii-i~n ,I,:.:u'- .4f *imiil :1it. ;N'411.itl t4, Mosseg rott jii, off lvW '4K4 

Pt~rxtUZ 'i~i'41.w~anIn411- tqnh.' anmim ti~v and Amp fitlnovieth. a Ponduhits M -1eftaitghr MVI. 

ipifoe "til on d,..'Pilii-o Itl lit hillst'q' .sn.l . lv ..Ik4 it. Iep upwivrrs aIo 

1111i~mHt14vonct sI.'i 4tits.:ugt. i.r.I vstt.i. rla:, rIllt l fill- 44 Inner.4 ,ItII ( tier mrilrwi " o ifw lera'$lf 

If ILit. 1i.'wis ...r.lz ~im Ilslat tom.. Illighttk-i snfll a '.4fl4tel 

-4 .t4i,4 1 olo-tirrsitle'tg lkuth ..... lin- aswl n'tt'io've 

%%hIicit it. i~tirmiiti f, it mtle"i .einglyI js~lf-thk lv giu. 

Tii.' -JieiI ive^ 11w.. .tntt I int. rv gun as I Its- iudtnvolnr4 

liv... awl Iiw'ut nuki' sofj'~tvU. .4 immaumwts4 sawl 11w' rosatilss Irsn.I. Th"r iset.'in, how'hollw purtitum of 

skIfiw'n.tli..u. in 4imic' lite alrtvr4 it lI["- .. itemisului 44- Elm.' ,'ik-1 fil ' Im- rAViI Sitle vutuiegsmrtk eas 

Pitt". flw'n' i- 41tlk+ Its m ail' Gitr. -I-1 as~Ist 10411 I .if pillivmt't liloI eto,i no t6it 

wntoilI I..' roilm-r moPtiv andi weWlI re. 1'.in. r-sit..r,'alb- 11is elm-f.~ti Ile non.wlekri': a dmwt'iptive 'say ulmee 

abltk'w vehicile 4utvinto' m tt 111' m irolilcvt i6 Lirgu. flv in-tlaut id liinitgIIn 11w' s Itifth ga i'*oou 1. ole-i4. 

1 

tIM~44.'tm Isis. 1tM."4,w,' IN-1tis vlmil.mmi.lnt Ihilpit~sin. fisle-. ..p.'.I its flt. s'IianIw'r liav. off lft. o4td im flit-' iWI, 

n isai ~lnvItsn en flu-i' lut'wvs .4 ALtsmil~t cor it vvm-' hoilh ari-It-risatioe for..unni. Tb.' notatling lingsj 

tOtn'stght .d 11j.iturit1.. in 'shirn, it' lflt...'t. i11 -in s let RUT 

rktjIiiastsw in lm-i' 4A w ,i 4 the, :i--.ettl i.o u of i t fivi 

S cenmrl D6ua IZUa.a of the 

Trru or *74%. ons % TvI'ICAL A 4 IMLL , . j. .n' ~n~.,ei .'l.w 

A tlft..444 tlwi 411 icdi~ti~Iinis .I'1 ,estiti~ .T.i.ý r1.4..6m it. . GOV-' Iqieu -m in. 6't Ito.'w 

it.. pnor.~e litrutOJ tlv. Keen rrquiný. li. 1wtd a with, .. 7sI 

as kmnlme'tg' 00 41w Ik-t.-'ntisl f.MV%, ,'iiXV01 4.4 it. In 

rigutn- 1 %4- ,mindire ,..'icitsatimi.I~ a fatirlyI tv . pnia i "4tlc~ravti-ol" 11Y lu rifrinig i411 live on. tip '14'tmcriivw4 

fle-i'tatIt dai Ii1;14'l(.pllI...I ,' It.I it,4-4t". a~lgI~a u144. in #4tlt4573.-5. A loirhs 4.. sip as s-ry Isixh mistuds 

low. rytij.h'r is illt rahe Ict' ijn %.. : i %ti4. ig.I t .-or I.r isIf'4~4,13't4*i I'ItitttaI tri".tuist,fu It. 111wrism 

ntmghls'i mowni.'uil mom-,. at If%(- fir..r:tnl mitl. ii% ,wis .11' dial dim iitot14. In'twin,'te flu-. nitaintg Imueani anti like gleass 

.'liw~tl ltt tiwm m-r Inii a 1.... . Iuwe h i% g Wii.'t-iIl % iiiiiLr itisrn-I its 'iA'0I tis let'twovithe1w nottisnig Ir,.nd awl the 

anti lumitor thazn flu-s. id.' %:06I,. '1%.' XIM.~t ptill %.. m, Pilo 11.1 At.ix Plitv. ,.wlivia-mimlost.wn the' beareit u the 

twtS14454I444 lot4 fill- il 414 ul offllt- -1ItII infl .4.4444 o i'4t. I ,gistim, it. :sitai~r v.'IowitY to4 nottioin inrt,!:stwu until a 

in inerl p'a 4:, rtI it( Ilwv o.It.', jit tfi tnn it it. .q'n'ws'. nutsxitmnt i" att it io,. :1 file musaki of the gun. The1 

in!., thip p4w1. 

Shtrunk ant., itnxp .'tet Ir.nsist f ' im .ile lwm 

gut. pron.44rn' dIvir.'sww usiing 1truj.'rtilc trm%-d while 

11 tsisil 11we 14.4434 !)ýIlm"1.41n..44 44 may1 foint qm414'.'t'IL af~ter e. 

.4is a oaing41154 . A4 '4 moht 114-1:1I vtol'4141r 444 lZiIdillicK m me(ss1144Klt Ill 'fl 4'44l4ip't'trl.S 

ftek'fUi. Got` I-MI 11414-14. Ilk' 141:4145 1444rj444' Id, AI-it'lt 1. No Fttronti Ihi,. o, 4 1 lihait ta or5! rit4 durintg patengt4 

r flut tiw'n'ingi itt14,l I u ll.- metatO , 1144' M114 %%ill ix' .1! wi4s I i.( AIt'1 lithnovaih the gnum, vovl po floaI.t thw 

...t int., rai-.jiI rot:ml 44g :l..ttit. i tl, 1444 vvel~ 'trtmi: t''ivv 4\rtini41 mit .lwic4 l mtijuit lx' .lzv,.,iicim 

the' gtliin *ti lpar ' 4411w nottin 1 iem 

4 

'1,m41.lp' rwmvr'..E'44 4'45iftK '4 

loms 1:4 an 4m441,i~i.' iltitt Ilug 4.ine Iil,,.e fvp'.. 

I. 'l11-P gwu pn'-'urs 1. whsich wit file the' 1):%--r of 

4'.'l~'lhi" I-- 1 tI, 1w Awi 41 and -. 444 tiesthat peiwum '4 the volitcr .hlr41 

of444. . V-. I4 a tarM .. 414 1W t.. rI t .4 11-.11 6 nu4,lnlk' %% iti4i Ii,',. iswk if4 (lv. ruliling ]land. 

4 ' 4 

7:,.' f4p,~4. . 4'b.~ if.44 m' 'd A..-b~ X...t.. 'lit. l' 4.4 .h1n itj.e 

-nw-iwm bwiiin .4.41in . i, 

CON F DENIA 1

tWjgU.'% VCAITURM& 4w b. * 

2. 1w t~not ;m-towssn 1% which is. etterlet! cow a'dr .41w sotaIcit hl. 11we stotsew' ari~ise frvown t his. s4'ifflY 

rather nii~amw ring anstsni lite 41-1 w allononh. are calculated froun tloe LtanZ- foornioulas fisr drese 

3. lswrli-s forenes.of varitmov. mols atrn ni'4s frow the, in tisick r 'viintlerso of eanif.tr'ss thickn.erss, which ame 

higch -fo, ter-tionrn initsaaflesl 14- variansts tarts; .4 the prven Isv uaisou~nsn MI. (2,anal (3) i lma aiforl. 

AMl~ no. welt * toi the lies.an'it" ise thol Wriang ist Ow Combirnation Of.%7-us. One I kfstrootnwssssss allthe 

hostllotw patujis (,f tme' ,'lsal.1 1these fetters .4o tirnaw. 

iraol .mngin mun Is feartlater 0alrnlivitIeot inti, thaw dais. 

fares eid a molzangusat vidoomna elemenest aof any pint 

have' hen 4eleterninisl. it is' neres"aiy to judge .eli. 

fti ftorwawtf aceslerntiam unoler Ilse tortiesi of th w. rnigsitiicance in eaussing a peisslise pla-tic eleformawinti 

fairrmnin Pj anal t hose'- asi.4ag from ot Ihe angular twoet- owr even a rupiture'. 1Ten dIffierrnt criteria iat failure ame 

nut 1win owl anituitr elw is'~ty itssqaserltet lto ths. o6l4 leg' .hotaswssesa in A-Mid3 247.2.4. 

Ilse uliliff ad tle OM. It maightfl Inosist rth~at theAmso-rwseaf~sfaagfrown the 

Vrfl05 twps I vts 14114 Jo1d t nest haveiI their maxima at the 

Aximtiff fflom Sm~afae or 

.t.ZL~SISOF t)L ~l*t~Wlarge'st 

mw times.: floe warn anti lanitt presosohsn's. are in general 

u(hiring enggraving. ithile lthe stressess due to 

'tajiluss nathurnlss. are avnilalhle fag' telenn'inioi g the nostadjW of the Asiwli amlrge Ls'pt at the muiule of the 

odatossq'w in shells. It will lt isi-ififpul fewstu biste la o . wan 

cabs... to indicate in a "". eI Way besor a few ti the 

esstnutoorit fist the "tres~ses. are mail."I. 1116i.' P A lp ~ ~ n~ 7Ts 

lIIII Wlof~ Way ito lwseme.ut aa114asinfC41 With the e&& ilas .#urvt.v o m 

,a 

uo 

ties. ansi camulilexiites. ievuslinr lte the prisiol-m. 1use dotor *rv of fmiwaifin of thin plat"s and the IJAM1 

MmJntraa in. th. Basic. Let u,, consid.r. foor m'arndp. thetiy f tl ick-wallovi yindelrs are iuicd offass-sump. 

how the s~tress~es in the haupe sof the 4wiwl s am aoahwL tions. which tor' nost fualfilled in the prob~lems. couid- 

T1e I...e'r is. sPabjier'ed ston its. matr f..ci. too thes =s- corioeerl lhem. 'nk- loast of( the ishell is. generally No thick 

owec 1. and toa a presmsoesre I', ton tlse int,.rieor (amc wsifrli in coomparis~seim witb its diameter that the thisos of 

dawnfroo(non the iswrtiat li the fiflesr insaf..s the. A.I. lsoiling of thisn piutis. is' not sntrictly applicablk Ito 

'iii. laitter Pressue ias, moodily ceessspsate'e eaeace the far- astetitiian. the listemanitar enesdlition to he iml?',--d at 

wanti arrelerntito of thse shel~l i.' known. nhis. ow eekrp the eomr dg Iflte lieu.o is. rather usncertain. The Until 

atais' ins 'aunsi frown the #oteil mass e4 tiw, PeIAl andl tfsrmnslast are alseo nost strictly applicabtle to the proh. 

filling throusgh the n~ae'.eptiun that lthe smnlsalaiterl 

(tree an the shelf is. that aisw to ltie lots firwress..rP 

Icon of aleermnwing lthe ostmosses in the wells. of the 

s~iuil, since these formualas are. derived uander the assytareling 

forrs. *rising frowin floe driving telnet triuK sjaunnifams~e that the evilsinler is' uniform in thicknortio, 

ignored. Ilse radial storeses in fhcier 11aM 2 then VIOW 

pasted from the thesrer of Iren'ling eat thin Asdar 

infinitely ierng. andl swssjerfted to lusneis which are the 

.inw. ea:,r the entire lcoilctb of the cylinder. 

plates. the net pnssere~wr causinx bendoing hiring form fitm view of the conmplexcity of the problem wh-u 

h11r -P, - P, 1 . 

Strolowi en 11w 117affs. In the nosier or k-.,% rylinuliriall 

sride walls. of the s~helf the stroess''. are calculated M 

Imtrestl ns. lan in the exact theory Of elas1ticity, 1P1presainatitin 

fiormealns. are the only prnctical ones to 

less sissis in carrying tount stres. analyse. for shells., ans 

I llbsi.. First of all there is. a ceewupsssive ru'stmoos ons.i..ceusssee in *4cticon 277.2.3- Investigators bOt in 

any plane acetumn perpienclicealar too the axis. 4d thme B~ritainsAi~~i andl in this. Miantryu have carithell 

which its fWi~nd at tiny section by diiiling ithe riesl oeut a fi~w :111,ols'c.aroasilevofg to the extcat theory, 

inertia force arising fromt the mass' of that psnr of the anti cesssasrre! the reoulfts wvith thoase' obtained by 

Atlell (ino well as the fsiz', ada~pter, rte.), wsieial lies. in usling.,;plsuximste noethtiLls. A fairly, good tigreenent 

front tof the oact-icon byv Ile. imsa- if the tens's. soe'tio.. was elsteinesi,.Ilse appresinilato nwrthoiloo tead to 6ive 

Inaceliiemthcean'ietssluseeirnnefreniultn'gen lower v~aliiet of thee in.4mrsss.. 

in tL~e swlIel walls tsAlm *oinertia fesrf"s nrising frosm this. At the Caerheoljc Ueaisersitv a nirthesl wais dlevelrostation 

o'fltu- shiell and1 tnoi-e a lictesiel tillinit (if OP...or docnliteenmii ie t~e. s'tm-we.'' ini a t hick-wvalled 

premset 1. Thlese fasrres taat radiat:lly spost waird froom the cyiii ieri':s le'Aelsa.'i ite wissrsil iressiiaaes (in a rotating 

'use fowe itsiics 15*5fr5555, iht~e~ r.55rmsY arr rvel ' t forCi o 

heaned sto nesnivil vilt he." TlIc. O rd~nance D ep~irt ceent, 

exteseaees thee deeds je11enet Isy iia tutbernl set 41pplyIng 

ssn&nh.siv " jts %ltsst litsesisils. 116.1 4554551 itssst' 511141ia file teet~ 1`111 w hands~ Width to 

t,,l" thes sar sa.tacts up 1sei" . tIlsae .Itrniisifiesa sit oAst re's.as fresni anotliser hand, tof 

(A%TIIJINTIAL

am' aretifrtry -ittith. JIM ni,6l'cl iIet the '%A t raetstecilthe IshnfihvmMate'l PNIeJehM 6~ 44 6110 Wek~*r is") 'bliss 

rm,5ccc -- the' 141et4-f 414-.II M-11:18 I tie ON ' 41tl14'r) Mn'eetai'wl IheeN-k..i5 Ic. tit Mleiv it it, III IV ttii' . unlrte 

see ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ kaotI"',, i 4ap'. CNtplincit es-tv it its isgemcedulr ins s'~a'el to 

Islal Wt. .40 r~rul~ ftee ihe' Asmesece apviuriaIre lto 

pliJdlc. ee4 asrk ilirnwit- eeioe alh i les 1&~ 1111 41111sr" 

Amm I'lle %mcri~v 11w' limossm nhlanxti~eetnul i Sef'ete't 

in thw IIigii,4 n-porto n-fei-fltonvse itemrattcessouhe for 

'11w' Arnw ' 1th'ieane'e DImirteaeimwit hIete 4111'1iA141e 04116sK11K Im ints'ir vepattiesmlte Wle' SAW whim 1he 

"tew'su.teltII It'-Ijeletilje fixs' cmt't-'.' in a it cethi 1 inh. P41114ticee ee I$(tll- lrnstmiacry valuw pnA"&' in obltujiwein 

rusichdl,' viie':skscL rtesoi,ttl it meakingetit 1-4 it( OW iw 

ahi. tsuaeln ~esa~~w lwei e wiI ir'c cci' . v 

ad 

t Is 

:gjrestw'IOV in unoa clthe' mismitheisl of u.t ir- 

f''te.'le'' mgtaisecmrk'~ k Ishtnsmee sa1111 

til nulti'rn-Ml fs' r the' cIn-pcc'e in tll-' 'cierenevss ywrums. f"nn-eesnevemsoew~usuu~4&~~l M 

of iw ,Jee'hl "Iic fit till-1 riflheel~caflte noc we'll ~ap tie 'rurr 'vtoest. lit acelitime'. t1w is~'t~nis NUIUI he est 

jlumnnwls. riecq tlieneseh issenes'rituUly flor er" uMnee Assell it-. 

s'ish-,shi ng .111414 mIn...^.. stal:M' -to it n'-tslt At( inve-Ii. 3(aim" or S " II ACp 

ttiincc st Le~lc~isl~ljt't.tI rher IDivioifel. 1. huwsI 

INT11 III IdIke' :160 Mce ONvesm tis'ITee't 41( tIes' Islinci A~nt 

in tist Iwsily tel the P6LssaU hisrb arism likpa imeea'h sc. far 

so I1w' ,c n-es dlit rticlitioiit icc 4-tileecntsel'rI. 'hiec -o'cci' in 

INA. evave vterr t'ais'.iftm'i Icr lies' stim. eel imwe' alsc 

illkstiu (oe1 h mctiiii It %%ao~t-tisc.stmm4'I thast u teseiheenn 

ntelial ptrý41M tre' cto' I Ise itt' han lessecl t aei 4 erd ov i tl Il 

WThaur nt ise tk wununee t..Isms pwe..caaw %ee.' Il t111' 1teme 

tie,' plc.wetmoappglee'e to the' rnwinfl ee o h' 11w ~ .4w6be&Ge 4 

so* 

the noitch, u*e jlltitotrissee hi. Firtim- 2. 'tw IN Imic'esiteelas'v 

curelititin.. elt du" olutielslt'r 4c ties' etet'h. mal'eal 

ehiplcmpi ueerns't* msed ths'ir u~izs! -cri.' tievs' weir't fiffei ml 

exs~ly; itest it wame "401 pescceit'letII t'celt'tsele Amms'c 

e'lrunitfvistratitc it t~lt rumt'r. T1ir. heeimp oteeo.. eetl the' 

*sual esreccs Ice% tlw intuir andl clilt's vialic. Ae'rc'r 

pns'~w~'t ill t'rel,, te fle thec mfsi l IF( tiicle 11w,..et. thee' 

widlth ul liec vtr s'rIeccni.lantcc us ~t.c-rsr- a eititirI 

cawfitilistete, as c4%oste t ~tile e'nl u(c IIK- ncext cetitiss. 

I'w.es.2. TlIrmnela.ndmi .enap~imt~anhd* ill 

U' slasm- i FA%41 WS I tbew hims.. mciii m . 4vii 

RsLY-VT IO~No NllTI40Ong 

1te' ilrirtlih havte tikt'i.441t a oet eel hfermuteast l(,e' fiseapproxmatete 

autseaci-i4d tel use trt',- in ,'Iee'ilc. -still 

AWLt 7Txw infel(tIicti woo to nanielira a msivef asenm-. 

eInv eu( eiffc'n'tst eehiciet rI~e9t5E (a Likywde eraup of 

thieeno in unitlr Ito oleltan jnfuatezatilim whir eamu he 

umli h frii ~no be61"u 

INi' v havcet rtceecpaerr the ,mi"'tit tclitatir'eI 1i~v tieese 'in'autemntithen-etwr~e~n 

fectryivcliAc %"ith thice sIecinNI~eec Icc'. ma~kingi ts.c ideth tlet' i iv. '~~t id tiles liesin pnsiecteeset' em i Amos',cg in the 

hr-ten'hm eey 'tpv:e-t cit. A.'a rtese'e' 1 eeenvfie' 1 pnelis 

Iiii~ lthen N-ies.'tc ;e ctcetlcliatt'tI iccc'cciarv v.-ite 

o~i.el. In the' tvtae" eenetzs'im it %so (okind thait the 

Icceeim pm~te'.~in' he:,. f~weetmisn*l. a irt511t .'titit'Ik'tt 

per~td~cmcc a'.eseted cI ith a ji:6r, 4 itcc;Ir tuucrliatI tljTe'r. e'lte'et teen Owe of n-'e-'e% ieiies ON. es ml~ 7A ttveKiteece . whie'', 

cesma i rc cjcaljcen, ofmi4 ,tcce i 'rduer. '114- fact that tie' she',.reot'esdes ail.er ' r 'flee . oset:wII.net't'l to 

IN-sill ties' lvac.'t int m'it a %arat. A ee t'its n ~ tt Att',e 

tic1. -i ,tw cc c--tect 3.-J-1tn its .".t4,1-7.1 Iccc ractsss'c Iny fttlier hIextiA; tiet- seeliceitsis may aeneceent to 

-ict, 41c cc'th nci c ...' ;ctc'"~ cc. c IltvI- l.i ;.I11tee.. ý'il ler ertem inmii le' r'amt-. TiM' i:- 11itiecile title' 

ccc. Isc 11 R'. 14c.lP 4 %M\ P Itc~ \_ 7., 1.- 1.,, ilerge'Iv tII lie.' f~cthIat m tile' m't-A mc4twt'tt't wirtS ones' 

f'ec~~~~c~csic'il tAlem vhic-ie tie' rictlieK hicemI ams 6ea'itml in t urit eli- 

CtONFIDE11'NTIAL.

4161211m o . leec mIKal wildth or twoillu frnmt of I it- Isa,,., .Arnmippini tip the Al.i-4-,a.Ilf-nrkv theatry. plastic flo'w 

it iml uitikahv fluff aoait large oe-.tToa sif 1:- liuml, Pev- sirrerst if 11w' retiprlantpi ,mt"a. K, S.'l Which jam otiv.n by 

otirriam thea.trp--cin the'laaawma mfweAins ee~eatisim (11. ia Ititjut thean the' yid'!aI psmmel dif the 

i eqs&lhess~e~y tataesi n.r aakewen t Mafterial in thr fsmeami teoiwsm timd. 

the e'tn'ta el61rilmittes in a j~ri-0; dfeaiig anl " neet ,-~( ~ 

In thiami 41.'C'55 tit ele'-ttin Aa~tellw, %%sis a ssamsinnaaam 

fzaetaw 41( dsaefttv tlm' hlititiwi hmave' .'trnivl ismt a few, In thiem riptutiomt 510Ij)5ideodito eiittiii&'ntiael sir 

art* * iring: Wlffi with Apt-Hoia. l'4vitted Itip havilsp. t "Immqipgt Pi4Yi', "l InheimiNWv, ;j axial otmod am,usiA; 

nMilf.ilky haw Wetrlwu ofl na'.fft. The' litab (few Plvuir uAMOO, 

2-peaminclev 4mwl-lm intaijried tati time' famtemir ec amafq'tv 

milght lxeatro'ulttei etmite' nemitoiuiriui"v lit'law time eiio 

i'a1sautifiw (1) c-nn lit, *4snislirm-cl (fir efwew where the 

ois. t isfl'm.si tul~titttl tiptflu- Apelf b fiit- mitatinx bnde. 

tomiare' vaise mithcmmit the rinik ff( motieaaing pse'entsm' Premsi oyinnitrY, lihe A~m-or -,etnA 6 tirm a'nssaer the 

Iwihtirpso. nacklh tof the hand wiw're Sr.p jamhr;"st. i'xaept (,or 

S Criterio 

4r'Mye 

of Failmare. of a Shmell", 

narrew Iwattelik te Ilarpi't equmiv'alient am"ew 

(cwtisrac flit tl inner maw murfueoftas tihe sAtel. where the tadijal 

il Pcatii mer ,atrsedwao ism sero. F'~,taitiwin (1) ips thena 

tt ita wnegiianl that the twoa cnita'vicli for pboatw'teir efl-d tipea qwktiti M2. 

flow' jam that minE V16coas sand Ilviwkv."' 4 *flmias riti'ri-mn 

lasse the niellititjamal :atlv:amtaa~e f leat ito aattitlicaitlien 

t 

4glo oa mies ecsim'c a tleternuinatit ja sflith- f 1sincip~lval -V 

- (m 

;r ' + Z -Z(2 

Z + N 

0. 

.W~&UL teAllo U@SO $TClf -=-h: 

.a AW04 *ADIamcus Of WALL SECTeN. Ill.- 

Vs.WAL. TMIC C"aES OUTo teamI wol0TC'cw,e 

O WLL Ia~U 41M.s -ll -1 . -. Is 

Q.3 &41 Oi O4's 0.9 %a Up .2 13 -4 t Lit 9. 5.8 Li .0 L1 2.2t L3 

(1. icio. (were Itave t. -In f-as.1N I im NDIW S~Uvpitea N... A-281.) 

CONVI'DENTIAL

v; 41oLeWASmrign 

lime preweIclesn. few caj-Imil;aIn t-ir . '.*; 

Features 0 

Pir.Kaigraved I'mjeetilca 

ran I% li* .ernmnizi~l leripejt ace (eclicwke0 

1. C~alculate t xmw4Imallp-w . f~Phe o4. 

,.mriiiietijn~ t e't-ten 7.3,1 ietmi m U itmgtiwt on newilcateingne*" p:tiamit orimhpumtcnployed 

2. (Witain the' hoopt istrecievmim .Atl :114 j* at JIM melt.- hu jlnwmetm eetreet ttern.B 

flt-v.1 time CU(~ etithrmi t3) andi (4). r Joy elism -intiteatingllo( e oitiwl boore frirtimm r~ the lemul~tlirol 

alih.LMNI elf #to loomP mmutfari. th ime UP l the 

P- Pr.(3 lecttnd ma lor itfl~irmaia vvrv lfo&L Itim imil in the 

-NA-o fAp 

Tn thro eq~uations 4tewcl a rte of r diit cnwO"If in tim- win ovlfoonaStirf~t ArsMMdtloppwrr. 

to inner dianiwer) iof the.' lmll lmevond the Wrind eat, -4em mgeilireel fur e'terae'ingt fliteth l, Imaili mol whieb 

P. is the pas prr-...re, P'& is the beind pressemwr, andi piometlce'i hAive lieero eme'e"rr'w in 2naiol troto.. 

the values of the coripirical cexffitientsf 1 and ft ame MeterY ele-OLI fratlin" (o el jeY4'narrd projectiles 

Siven in Figurts 3 and 4, re-ceetively. Tie. ham, 9 were ijar ecil~ale'm in a ruwuprehenhitie ImmANtie resue,, 

at the outer will is given by eqjuation (3), meevpnrarr otnti itni"Artecn 1.'ThlwranlklEm Twm.*uts 

~/('2~ )in rIevUailm-mli will. lim-' Ikalkli-LIte' HLW.W din-- o 

+ (3)towy. .Umenlee'n r~nwi'ing Cnemwir. where te kbinp 

iu which to. the coiniltiince htuop sttrecest at the inner _________ 

vatL is giemby the sum ofeqjuations (3) and (4). I 

I ITsimimlarmainn btuin lthe axiali stressarsat the 

jam', and muter walls by means of entuations (0). 

(7), ond (6). 

L 

L4 

hWLf5m5?U ViU 

1141`1111 CeeVWe 

0..sa. 1115Fz us 

soM ~ .. 

( 1 )(,-T- 1 ) p4/o. (7) e.@ 

-Z. ;Z-1(0 - OWa + ,I + 4)'01. (U) 1A- 

71V e'eceffirie~nt-ef, 3cl h aOM gi%'r'n in F.ýVlrv' 5 1atId 0, s 

- 

- r'.vqx'tivrlv'. In ee~lttatioge (8) the irihac' elf Mi'mmoneem 111 4 

raito p 6 tie'n mc 0.3 fur 'eteel.- 

4. S4em6.tit ceeg tlC KIM%," rc.ee~ in e'.teatiom 12)to tolb 

tain virparite vajlue', elf lthe e'tmip~i-e'nt sine..e at rim. 

inner and (muter Ac alice. (umpir' iliem~e cAtrpw.eq with 

ILA - - 

thme ae"tual tvn..gle %Itrcngth at thw Yipliflueint to elfime.. - - - - - - - - 

material it,'ee. If the ,'tn"-wý at Oiw inne'randi tooter 

%alls are Ieeeth !ee-lcw tie vield pcctint. then' ,.oishmll he 

no r.ilorr I)( tice Oircil in 

CA-- 

1 'rnmc. If the cetttrc# nt the 

ltine? Ceicll i- ;llcclC Init tha~t al tihe ortite'A 1e, 

11 lcrlmcv 0 .4 

time!.fi hellcek :iric theicicmoit. lie' nim mrv t Ice ei 

Iic~ijel .'lc'c d let I c -' li l(c'l tol g~ive' cll~ 

le.Hlt. lce 

.( frqnV~t. 

0 0.8 0. CA 0.A ta 

FU CTON. 

%A 0 A . 1.11 

Milli*ee hIt lt. 1 .. t A-2'el. T.WIb It ill NmIL t.e i x... .- t. 

CON FIDFNTI.AL

- WML ~ WM 

twstciv IFF TtUZ1111 4W rItUEXftL= 

~~~~ - -5 

1Aa ItwahaoiaLstmu Jo-e 

h~ ~ ~~ i~l " "Mi him1, "fewS I%. 

-9 

M" sS % WW 

11k-e prvgrain w, in-no nle extensive renosoig ito. in. 27.3.3 kld too tlw filolI4ing rrcenornmct.atoons a 

Am k- a nionher .ol nititn~ivrn'ial Immintis in Imorvertile 

dgnt~p that hado too 1*- ~tleiviftoIP M4 the uotoofpidprirrenting 

the ole4.ign idf rt-engraved projectikav. 

1. The driving terth ohounld fie redcerd to a mini- 

Vra(ed pru -elle.. vtuolo I*- juomuilied. mnsonu mbner and their height ivocreastd to 4 or 5 

It io evident that the fi~hilt of' any projeortile its tine-o the th'nth ol' engravting now iso:4d on utandard 

greatly affe-r-'d by it,. launching condition aso well aso boinde priojertileve. It its beieved that the number of 

by its. performotnce in the air. Fur example. a pro- teeth 4om a psoojeetile iohotold not exemlt 12 for 0H pro. 

jtilek with c'cceilent exterior characterimotic,., itith as jertiieo abosve 3 in. in diamt-.ter and lie not let-. than 4 

low dIr:g. ai! ,.hoow a larive dhisperpiton if its. launching for pmaller ..ize. (See Section 21S.6.2 for the correist 

incoorrect. therebvy oli-irovitnting the advantage, oho- stpontding rer,,inindnt(ition with respert to the oum-. 

taiMd fromt R4~ des'ign. As. indijo- ted hby the analy,. her anit width of' the gmrsuo in the Von tuber.) 

of the experimental rc-ilts wet forth in Sections 27.3.2 2. T7he front end of the driving teeth Ahould be kept 

andx 27,1.3.3 certain ulefirtilrm tre-ndo in poerforvoince nri' .. arp rieulisil 'y. Ahouldul e pninted virtrunofeentizvhly at 

samotiatred with. the, no-ti'on of the priojectile within the an angle of Mbonet .10 ulepem. to the projectile axiss. 

gune, and oither tru'uids are'a,..-winto'd with itsa:otiiin in asoel sIhou IxI b folap with ther boday and the botomn of 

frve. Might, the groolveo. 

3. A rent crng cylhuouler -fitotlt Ili tpruvidefd between 

Il,:co~io,~o~Ilk- th acuok of the o~givu' and lthe front end of' the drivingt 

tro-th foor :ohipuiig thle pruojietile :%xially in the gtin. 

Ther anailysi. 4ofe tinr-oils, of thotsw firing Ite-to, 

which are disisuo-4eu luruotir in 4ut uin.. 27.3.2 anod 

4. 1"he eirigin to( rifliingin theegWin shotild be ju,,t be- 

vo md a sort et-u~tening icvhiniokr in the hoot?. The entlo 

CONFIDFNTIAL 

aR

thrw'jii. in imkh 14, f~~~Iae~~in.,tlu. *iwmro ..b.iihl In-' iiPaI Its WItCv a iniSSiUiui 4kW vnr&5 

Iuovimi'rti- uith thr tiffirvr .lininnpc li:,ii.I.rting. fuim tislIs 'A jpmuu .. alaiuyt. 

pihmI m- hr fisros.ini no juoa..414J0. toogve ,viigraitwwit In-pt writ Inwwin4 t9 ,v#gwmI#.4 a4fDL.ýWM 

in the nilting f~h n flM htg~ :igw..~. pomoie. 4ou fil- nisn ,if rainiiginetiA lw i lm nil palaml 'ell f..ru1ud.dt im 

niflrgiosts-O in"r will.Iik en in. 1w, drlvni.n fic-th,~~li~rf~~ iilfl the rrme nif 

6.. 1I.w "ilnti 'if the d~rivin.g Iimlti .6,41l.IN oi.nrnili Wr-vil *v m thatn 11M. YAuw"gtivoltnth.1 im JI~u to a 

ouffirnient to mitllnnoIli' tleri ing Itinjilw ni Off- 11Kh- miuninnim in file glen anti in flitht. 

It.. 1wm vm ini t at, iumn Imemil,tmt 

a. .ssimilld Mifilti iiiiq~lo- imo% imilo. jeiiile ttitliin a join. live f-tilopoisi"wCom tabomithe 

AmlsGaImorrno(nuh bwv . rt iit.' .qW.-Iu m-f lwvtenaI. 4MMefr~t. (Cim.;lan. SIvr 14 in chop, 10.) 

ur s narrow mralinK tnts it,f nw ..iJ t~niternia. .iirh no 1. Y&Awi"%aii 21Im~iig 11w4iKI th~e rtifrli Isthkth 

co~pper. tbaI u~ry very little n.4aWantpv its enstrisinigIsiscoo. 

anti~~~~ omtsilw frW.bdS awp Lis &.a. ,~ 

j'eST 1110 

* u.~~ b *~~A~L tuit~sfgM~SYSur . 

984 LSAM A IMSI 

.. NAIO 00 199 

:AvtA 16 9"4001 WWALS. 09611411411 

"Ll. NIC~cll ooteIng 114114:0.1s 

::&" HCRNSS 9WIT141Tog o*N.m 

Vndm A.t,~ww~I tinai.r. i,"i n OF~ Siju.am ito C~.iitn 1 i4L t1 ei uI4 tUcii e ae?~ 

CON.111IA 

LS 

AdS 

x4.ai wýlwIv mim nmraw xmi a a -8. 

an 

al 

CONFIENTIA

)4114 5 4194 IIb.in~ 

~:g I.'44 iaicibi ii.11414 .4 Isal.1wl'rwl amrn4,sqv 

Ith jifuif4tile 'tjilhig th 1111gu INW, ;16 dulimetiigtai~j nts 

einutvr .1W. aruivin 4. tIW e ,iIrtifgip 

i fis -iIimqlI 1W ttl4 pi'j4. aln-l rriel.ion Iciwn.. 

it.. avmiftrv. a-, r~itmilonytt the tmnlte. ouloominnld K,.~lnmnifnolwmnt6£a.m.v.mIpnIjn~titeennu4A~in 

wh;" fiAnn an emalri anm Took 4it larw 6&mn Aar- d6L. ainwaiiwsi*%-n wten. ,iingmnark,4 cut the NuTe.~~k-L 

anev 11141 "minwipwvntly gyrmlI4r ("i -4 rmrs oin tow..~h ~*kip uno so thi r gpih. # Ow fthrr x1ivif~qta* 

nwavetownt. Itsr tc','I. with an arairnt. guna. f...r whirl, Tijii. inoi~twi.-.z that door pqurw'tfik fiholwim a crilmin 

IsoomatmaIIfijtit4fl't'14 4i'wduitht4. .G." Go( LintpI~i.11.pmhy 1ims,,n. t~wimns, in;& yawing ),*i-. 

nw'amarnmintotwriSn. maude hy iv .itrk 14otwmid~ato. '4o t itn. As~ 4%ttwn in FigUii, .14. 11111m hif Kfuldi0 fl14,'lt 

tiw' t.istat rwav'eatf'r XIMM yawa;ngle f~m.' varionmw. tk- amoing 11w *'jiomp rsii'.. (the' ratio Imetween the 

.'ilpsol Got Igrnvjtik-w. TIa- ,'ffrt .ini diffremit hlength'. .4( avenig.' t-stermal raw angle and thes rskculatcd ito. 

Imeanig lortwmii pro iib Mus NON& W eas .v 4 Ghiferosoa tvmuk ywasuangl) Lorw Uh4&w.yW dmaip. 

tloos.elr tratnn% whiti~i an. titt iini4 &instinirtait far A.how inim,1-ia't tirage eruit. ).G mi.ucnl to acm 

tows. ;*jffr1imglit I mwiit I':ui yaw aniig- mil4 nueuhling Tow, ctui 14M.G 'oA vm III Loop a pnljeetiks (rnon yawing. 

fliglit pN'ffwnianltism to a pnmiwtsk' - 15.11. lx%-. dithtr. ('onewitiems, so Initinrtaingmea1. tttii'(n~im. It the pninaictiii 

rvosil 114 mo1110sm 16A hw ti1tss. ti'pui furtuV infittwis'tiig 611ze' jolmp Anit flight. yaw.- 

Figun. 7 .Jvmo. O1w type id utlitn Ithat sittay take iag. Sinec with 4tw enpipamct avaitafolit (or the...o 

pla' twar' tIme niusakufad guin at itt tiuiw tf (winuch teN.p. I In muzak- iempn.'uM Iot' nimpartef oniy q.al 

ing. As. f1w pfinvi..ltu mntWlll (1111 11v' tInr. it ;ma ttrey wy IN ntim mav~ yw angle.' u( tlht various 

quickly' itkveloooyaw. rmuli"tiA a' mntr .4ow oirmi'e'ratihi'.' c'an 1We ftimpumt. At timne of 

SMINS 

£zlbm flu 

ToIU S*a4, 10,NOTTIO 

Otaa awa 

PumN'..7. I(,1 4 

.um .d ii'i.'?al :lei .n I.. ystwillpt.1 sw..ip'ctp uin Sgli. 

CoNFI'D1NT'IkL 

. . . .. . . ... S 

.................................

£6Ftt or P, PWLCt VSO bae It i 1tepe GMgn A~LISTICS moma £CCONOING TO LEAP To 

Aeau a19A101ALItALL F1111114 RIaeLvgo TO3 t M~ iNAM SOSOCM. t TISI 

II 4 L F dc, 49 

a.a. a" 4hJ3V6 

1l L411 1,9111 A" 04 TO, 4116 1#@ 4. 

""sow~ 77 

3 =-"@ o r 41 WIS N " s 

e.*a STNo 

"a6'ahm1 

4 thoftis 450 1.31" .900 AMIN Jose Ml faila 

Miff.55x L4S IJTTH eA 05I~ Se 0~ A4441 I 

laueehinx. tlitee see aslie a Ilitla41irwren-ueinm'e in that thim IYprhas&geap ter averngvexte'teoryzartfi 

1-nw angletier mesw Moot grve j..aejoeti"e. ano roosa- Ifi pnrs-enyra%*ri Iyx.vw..%e r~plenation of this itaoo 

ponrid with a tuenetv4uil inwa if fe w artijllen typoe.. Itomake. Whil. Ilw fum (~tinetu; iW dam ln Vneauo. 

AMd a thirty-feelel incenew Air oine. sith a narleaw foo- 

"Mar hand, 

the e rintitwime at iine' cof Nioeebnrhio may iw seaeh thd 

1hthaw.isc'etiet.rn eurlwvancr.at the mtuzle elie tude 

Gatif Three.I. flee Winevitw Hof tIe. f~wwani-Ionniteo Lirgr get premaw. dnip arouand the projectil eaa 

type tof ;miiecrt,!e-e represente t41by ele-.qgn Ne.. 1. Motg- high velocity pae etse that olevdeep unleetlanced han 

ure A. inalieateil that an tminalan"N.I radlial thi.res whwe they hit sair Imllet irregeiarit , . I esgroye 

fro the pu'e";err of 1i1w penseler peeo takef. 1plare .n tits liat a cann-orwlin. the band anud a Ailsht eltev is 

gun lieee.. pestising the uo tore ueven the whocee proiw. eciotimjer near tive. luouaWle. Ih)4h of which' av ad 

Wie soineot the riflingt ion one xile'. hlocau'ee i the prewmnt in ak.-tgee Nit, 3. In deseignu No. I weith the two 

Lirge rrewqiiv- arra ton tdee lease idl thise tejee loim;oetie. heuande them' 6 a vealiaeg effrt anxind the fody ee t~ 

tteewrmoet be anerxce'eivr gaskick at tie in,tIeant tix-' 

NOWlle keave. the. miuzle. A rertain danlesnat idl rear 

projertiL- raeeeeel by the pre-nee of an m~pan,-im 

eharmicev. usit we'ther.x-Atventhp front tindemar nolus. 

guidingh in! el tolitititot. pne~teeIuY weecehel rt-ditre the 

moizzle jitemp anal e-xtreuw yaw. Anil At thoe ,eonw time 

116~ mtsit thema the je~t rfl'evt Ijeeeet...e of the lutow 

lin-..cere-drup And risie ehte.ti 1t niiixxe ~ite fiorfumv. 

give e'.ev'lleat INight rhtieu rtrri~t~r tee th6' lsiile~t. ...ru- piniee tlee're are not iny.~tlaritiese onfiertl oif t*;e pMu 

Ilar tieele,e thi~ letilitel 1wy ile'ign Nu. 1. 

Ioofeelinelg C*,ee.Ieie,s.*. hte,.eilts of firing thee itrliljetoe. 

I rregeekr f(ia-tiesi (erees at Ia, ciintehg oficig 

No.. 7 rnav alo arru,it tee, $eeffl idl the. addlkaiie 

kAry-ty-jx pmreejretile (cifi-4Kr Sec. 7. Friire 91 nojiceate yaw. 

CONFlICENTIAL 

dbS 

Me' 

SEND 

Ir

PK%~Tl MV-1 fW PtWJguTII.KR 

I iailitiem. Hesw ofC 

1W .sgr i~ Prjcie 

'171Hit 

1114~taw maiists'.s~fPn~ at~ai~I pmjc-tica 

'wilO 11141. hIewio its a. t4114i414 ftr tIlse fromot etill 

to'oov g t iriiliK 11:11141 iI iia~ Il'.'t'lfTev sot Ilstie idrog no 

is' 14las-4.4l mlmas'r Its tIlse .emdw. Bumt whist is, perlainp 

mitsre. imamitmrtlant W~illi n~enfice~v eto Im-fs'iigiiivi fotswello 

varmf4ull ioetimatepl.u uuL viak. rtaiim dwa no im' ils's 4' a rmpio414m4't aimoP14no I. 4any isllivattimm Its"& 

frature 4a thmeir oliestigt wismold 14- ,hmiommwtial to, their fill- olveep cngnsvinx (O.Ittl ill,. is, twill tile sit~noiard 

ifiidh. C..ref-ai clowrk. mertnig. o staeto each. ovican aran. th-' 1 th of OQINLI inm. 1411m:m tripler linl u1.. :11W nuott~ip*la 

:lh44. toy 4*ia:1tiiK "IVa tsnir finitirsat mar':t a t 111W. Ixt 111114 effi'rt fit OtIN ilnag It ittilicasl's tham:t them~ is, lhetity is 

rator isa, iowi'm mhmorntg the firtomg te-ts'f tho sioimIiae fir- 

Kinx s1tk jloiirqm' ;llls~n~l' 1141 ammnlr,4s of 

Asmpjamrtaanity t.'i invarw~~s tise *1thii 1 off tit(- rugnarini to 

rim. very i.wa anait prr-ooP sim liae *14514of tlme riflinic 

Pedstwmtanca.. T11s tcaa':Iv4eWV od like rssnlls' Aus~h~ in a Via willusint apprerialoy affectinig time tira, as 

dtimo themr :av~iir nkisallfm to, with~in aimmauti I iter renit. noaosnl vocaca i% N-Mcissw 21;A42. 1U,,. will allosw greatly 

limH fs4Mllsia ~is~ix pix variaibles' weve checkedm w.ith i arvit-4mi r numzzke irelsities, with inercaaset acr~umeygpalmip 

sff Asntsdar pmminsieillelp .2"l the mmlms'rtnsai sita rife 4d1 tile Ininm 

tor"ra,. tairim tii. 

.otms's sr -Wsd ip4'litil5 i.1551'. ~(GrolNs 1. Fi*Itul 9.) 

Ltiosofn; 1.4.14 tif Noe/. t(:nmtll 4. rsiimrn 9.) In order141 

fIs li tile effeet ofpin 1lltinmg tile leadting emige 4:4 

Tramn a lisimpaimuams' f tIlse tihrow impivetile ty.~sro itn tIlse o'1Ijaims. toes lin-ensagraiea lonertiils'. which is one 

this' %ras'ml it limi' inu'i poI~ss'ieI tag rvaitiamethe lir ffl1 way 44( inile~iemUl them fist atittisaatle firing (Section 

of a.imialg enih handin for rimrniar eais..tnortisin tsna hiaii. 2% 4 . a romsmulss'wim trost wait ma*ise of the 11,31 with 

velfseity limsjertile. ('SmallvaitfsmsI off ltue daxrotg Isalte thme (rsst. eqiAcgs oft tiell. t,:ir vd i tal~mn. clinicial, and 

biii-rthR gan+rsstiie Witl fill th "14fsM.1h fin e os4,smws' I1miminfril virrunsfllfllt iaiiy. Aou uv.s',xIwrted. the mitire 

aninerras-est 4 I pe iavil t'iesiitlltmztstl 

hormli evetn thiasmiait its' s.imarl. frasmt vomig is' at flie isafit 

of tantp'ncrof it(ime inmlve. atos' -smily I.; pti tispt aulsi.esige 

at tile fagtve itm-dtosi Ilsftie 1.1-107 type gave the 

hijlwsot ns'isotance. looti whmen ilk- sPqli:mes Wete pointed 

wa tisr (rsumt rt*..W met s'i~ltcltti bamek of tihe oprie. the 

timinamml stom. qt~rnrk sgal ifs i this' Iwites-tih' stiJ.,, imeenme. ~r.lIs thp mossou so that all a monmo 

(1.1-i071 in Nligdit csnfionveil thilis rostalt. Time m~tnt too imarpl wiamine finsit mimes wasey*en further isutok stood cut 

Whirls time dragt tm! tihe ".ar 1111114 its greate-r thn that cosmical. It is' iltsArtble itsa have time frojot offie u( the 

a( the frtott ilanoi iniwiviseios that tile rilttlls'I latwrem sinvitag lagnis in ll fin pe."tmlgta't projectileo potiuaae in 

the loors imestqcwen f 

ewl is miasnt tric~k s( li*stte roifrism tinier tit (vlttl-t them when vllte.5lflg the bmowi. The 

Xmirit is, lmot vsm ,tstife vo ts dlrag as' is' tlwime issW a 

bein-tail w~siotin. paortividalymrfine a Imprss-tiie sat this' 

"typ With a shewt .sgiot' radius'o. 

fart that pounting to( time lands' riot,, doewn lthe drag ms 

mairb up; 3 i141 vent indficates' that the pro~poises desgn 

if( ism-engravreil mtprls~ iles'. shootill have excellent 

I'mialium oiq flapeds. t(Gromsp 2. Fqirv 11. 1tlTie caipn. Rlight rhimaructeristirop. 

dus'inomes'eaiad frsnins n timiv 4i Itrts'agai IWilit a'rmin Iesndjsm fif((jin.. ((;ruap 5. Figure 9.) The effeet of1 

uthe tiere~tive effert cof ehaisnm- na~alssem totImse ian's' i14mr iesatheni iag til radiusetis(i, lve is'celarly demonst rated 

lion of the prmajwotileatull on tile i~rtiont imas', tisck of( in grts'tp 5. *Ilse Imijectiie withit a h-rialilmer inditing Of 

the one'. were misefirmdiwvlI "'.smits (rom gnisaol 2 al- 4lopive shimwis a diraft cas'.lievitit Irss' than half that for 

thtmgh timer weir twst ios in pramefaasmnsi. This'i prmmsalsv, o tile foome Witim an S-caliimer rtasihst. Hlowevrt, itot:; thene 

rain IVe aecossntelI rsw Iay tlae ias"4-tle 4a time blow-pIffs- 

'More rw'gsern in either tyiae. wiitia a greamen iessme'ting of 

oil-igls s'immw a 4i.1111gl'rsmllAi hosw s'taiaity factor. while 

the. Imiflet withm all intesneeliate radisas' s'hows upe~d 

41miistllimaS5 tis, ltie iwamassimari Insver. In this' cssnner- stabifiity althitough a hiiigier 6u11K than the one woith the 

tion. Vist'p 7 of Figamac 9 411qsldil~l . nssleml oriwcasmesi issugm ramfiiams sal sagive.1This indiciates tile importance of 

its' IMMfltrslfi."1l Of :1 imeinf-lt-iltll 311141 a9 03l 11d4'lalnl -r- iIA11miunlim all tile facrts"n s's that a lligsohielOClty paojstim.. 

ilse.1mn If504-ffet s1f cliammag'.s'laui timn.,ssmourtessivirtili' will give. how dralcg iseut.at tie ýsame time. be die- 

I inth lot'1155O s,( Ilme hterirti-a4's am-lammant sof the isssist iriv.I- i1mse:1ile ill flight. This' iffilltt hadm~ a low yaw single 

new' :r111 :l~ m sfli tiet-4'isit rlitst lrrana hos.imtllilvg andm~ was' .al Isewixe st~iesilt-IsIrlX' le:I ,r eveni With a tlat 

mamis' efmetvive itl Ilfmilshitlt dlimIstlsanosfr.. smo.4 Which maighst ihave livnImotiaaa-taiietl to redamee 

ilis/Us 4~ Ihusidb. (Cr-simip t. Visgmte . i lit this' -e-irs'.. 

tipmean-r ailgs 5sf ml tie4. alrivisglmlmm hans was kep 1 t iu tile 

(rhar il t h draft lem. 

Whiile. it i.. de-ie..inie ti aslmvme it imog niee raslitis' it its 

amn amssnA ithI n-fsrs.,aev ts ipa the in .tpl-sii :and tile inlalio.a 1:111t that:, the 11-fsgtl 44 si gitile ssf tile hemel of tile 

imNAMI A1 1is~s l m-leasitl 3 :miV a-HogK lt tImse frop Sifot lfissin. pis~j~e'i jill %hissl not Ix me4iaortenime-si msum ch s toi hundi-

.itP the .1raftnhing. 71'7iý "light ai,.. fgi~ni. ftim. vortm'm' T*Me' l.ilt. I.ri IN i -4 Ill" ri' tiflIv ;a" F~lih 

t4 gr-mvity tin. fior Itark frsr i,1,'~. novtim.I 4 lotimj'.- ' A.m~m'u thazt lleitie. .mtm ille ttwa, lauMe. 1.1-1417.. !U01a a 

n-nolting in pm..w' .Iiitj'. 

I.,rmitt~,D .'. a's *(C to1t, ( Griy I tfnnmmp 6. riFipmr 9., P 

I", vyi .4i.ook tooam fn-*mting broaui floe (not. anal mWar 

v, I kt ':moim in:.a tmi. it, :m.it it jm6.ii.. o 1u'w i wave*. 11w 

'T1W ftv to .4-hti;I l ilt- flr - .4 IN' InmltA' 44 ,m.,mmimti. vc-i. i.i..i tit.. rmm,-a i-aw1nti i ti:wlme it.v 

VVi~y4a( Iffljmrltiic iPAVASIArn ISmV toofilms- 4i-n'.' i jim~lo" Slave friii m 1 -. rmeamt mIvimi 4ftiw iu,.t Icatl om i "-~ap2tM 

in, gxm.p 6~. 11. .Im. e 4--11 4- 1.1'ni M. %y-it v is hwalvoiwel 4-110 im% m lidimt i..v ic till1 jM'rsi~til flomwn a A"04111"in 0.Oii 

Imm.i art in fi, vaqthmi Iwii m rmjik'.(. C-13 as an iatcut - in. hlmiim ridia iille tivar t poo.ial at whWief tihe mto~r .o floe 

ituiliati' lonsiml its: a ille II-A tmwiet.I mnijecin-ie. ('.41; ;fail irimiml lia I %%am.- w o.I. malil in 1.1.14ri. 11w wall-roo at the 

looeli imgrk in floe timini itar. CA.11. 11m.p .taeililic fmetmmq m'ear iallotm %ten* :tim..mt filoe .:mnsca.m 4 uorfim loo. dilettv 

i6 hligh Wilhli tl' Ifin-#tcje.' anal very 6ao% fim list-i64. m11:1111(4r tin, lilt frommmt voligm.. floo ,4mmk ,a~' Was flatlogi 

tihe (.umm favmotee' ame mwvem..'q allcolinlaifgly. temwol imtit .Poslaa~Idy. 

Tt'jwot CV.i) It"el C.14. woith the mnone .fcotr-eg lmw !muflI. ow.-Ill.mdlm1 mrm11l.'.ba~w.e 

0.1-12 andi .aine rieoutlmnr. Atim.w time e'ff.1 lots til.'t-mt mso itmmewk witac e mvi-$lif ita Lat floor "Lm Thiist mAvoImI 

ft~m'mmm~wngtwn't~r~fa Isi etmarl Iio- n'nr fIiwnv(-mn. I-Iimo -tim o.m~r .4 in-om.I .4( fotiwrnmg. 

n alijaancr .4 f 1.212 ii,. Thiis vkao -stewaimli 4 m.'m 1wy Ain fr -to its arm m.lmm cha~ngt in lisp' noloarfarrofol' etmnm 

nuking floe nine .4 i 1w' (*-;It 3mn.~vriilv .4 aznimmmmimmmi. in". -or Rlvyim-. . i mmmmaim-iu riit o'mit 1am. it ine miffiraiti 

Ilivir foriefAl pinfortmmiantvm wan. mewir. tivem.' rswiom flat fiiml mit 1 atimniemin minft emxmme'tlin iliagninmply toy 

I hr ne"4'riq. %30~ ka'. mriialiim' in nigh~t. jmimliiisitit at aitllm.u'l altIstigIm Immul mnarkmiae. nmir fasev 

H.eI-Teivilvo. (Gnvum, 7. FV'm~n 11. 1 A Icmo itmmlii-k irrewi-odaif i- tma.ms In. :mcamitletl a nwm so" psoaem"mufe. 

titut.4 timefoo effert .4l lmetoacltailimmg Hz, fa-imk~v,..,111mWle ixe T1m- ''am. .. .,t' im i mit .m(tie f r mc.mr otri.iitg 

mnmesaloi in griolmp T by .'eoniiai.sri twem ,.ovtilltm,'im I' I)inimeo m.tinl -mn imre'-tvagi-m pronetj..li'. givts tilt inj 

m~~~ileftlirI prajer'tiro: CAI (Qmodmuaill il:tml ;stih C-31 'jtIimfmit. ill Ilit' nýmxrk offin~~hiti iii ftt.nxt arly. 

fIs~e~l.i~arm flme Ounceg. fropi a Mot istisr. tot a apprwiN'ei~h ,lratc. Imu'.'nttmi' fliveratlitmimn lroiemi..y laket' 

Ittjial-aiI m'lamertI 'hi'mit to .iv nuom. diainm 2 pixr tvnt. 

.U fothe mol ti tme Off y w inUi ren 'tire..~ nemorrml 

1,Liv ill tt ma d-n'.m .4 taluroilm~te atfoI mirwfrweatitin 

rimalofIn tfw If%-no Iruentrot m ool smgu h ~.C'e~'jwlitsp 

toy ths .4reamedining. indicantintg a itlmok'nir it(. lite' 

iNMIa-laji tot .'40lm floor1 flidchf. - 

ltme .'ffit.t. mm( fdtilitt;g at Ilk-'s fear (41Pt(: Owl-riv- 

gravitigt Itat"Ii .1iemmitinl te. inornaso the dinag greatly 

SlPiMpn 10. vwinch illweam..tnlee imeftemit .4 vanemum. 'i'- mtamloe.ý it ine ntear lthe vioalm-Iril. Immeguifitctfringing. houwvi 

faeoamm' fill listm. rt'.hctimsm to( m~ring. ti'imtem liti.. ever. %uill ctrial to. etmt..' ntt:trt' inmialahmnretifte ptivimllet 

tt'wi'nk-sio fto the thike ,,km id.s. tln' otiomsmimmLijve l S~t' ill,- ilm ftichti. . wit i r.'..mmit g Izmr~t' iw'pir'mn.. 

in the uotnrnmifinc,. mimn'tsmmmiim tile' pximn'ile'tk -trul f'ampp.'i p',lin"e~ mtr. pre." nfrartm. highuwck'aeling 

to vurtiae. wt tip at the .'..ne.r .4( I- fliat Lic-it v ' mpvrtm'li%. art nit natrr olotrin~wr-! tip the 

laem'. It inelicalt', 1i1:.t. fr4 Itigh veimeeiitm%. remiti im.11s fligdl 4f :m ltnmija'm'ltha n tiin Pm ny "t. tiou locIimmnckd 

mmlii d.4qmeive. a. limonet-It iir-. lxmce it' ve'ry itttpmmwlnflt am YlYo. itteiitheammr. ihetr Iptientiin ran liei Phecil Wel 

is any rliangr' that -Still ma~ke iti' marit pwillatme .2% fmmm'wzml mOf tilH' 113m10 tmf tIpIe pnmjerrik' In give a dCviok'd 

womnloith a.. lostote.iite Ili-fr, a.. ilm Air-fe mel * Im'rigit. :aty xillztliatI'v mdaiat:gt' avmid intlantg the c-olnicttet life 

tc~im'.minp ,em'.tioim ,.mwt atsll toiimeIsmk,,lnk prvwileii. ian .4 a vin. 

("e'4irinvt tine floor ulinlainings flow draft. It ite ititeit ia'lmm mm notmmt thatn mlrnimengill the mnotg' 

t i- 

I).~ ~ '.pmdms ~ ~~c , Umr yHa .. ,* Se Xp,.pI. r'. t( matmg it."' mitt woo tip.1rt mi.ta.mm mli 1.1-107; (trnmip ,C... 9) mer- 

8. Fiitigmr 9.1 'lhre* ftier'. linle tivfie'. in 1 I1i. groatip. al li tip fi ti, p iri fam!' .r fmt. mitt It. iita Ii0.129. w~hmn'rs 

having normrlc lite qairne fimrn f(artw mail'P iph.irmditrIm- 1eimammatimg flit- iammiim. m tf otolivat fttmmt 5 raiil'rmtint t*19 

innn,'. mit,'. dleistin-t rate' the' n. immlim ai in mlringthit~ ratn ent ijimor (gmI)II mNt . 5) m dIrv~imma m. le dragt roeai'r~ten 

lw m1i11 line.l Iim n'mql%.ing rotimgimmwlsof 44tm a kn in iiml(t. ta I'm 4 . 1:2 tam 0-M-5a'. i'ltAl (am I tueff s.e notat mt:!ing 

Irnel,. Ill interfe're muilit time Lrillai.:r fill%%- m)f til m.''Ieitti l,;ttppi'almmm prm-evigm timgtitm(mm Itnmje.titier.. miler theie'rati 

him.'.rg mmrtnivo time tprrmt'tiveim. :ta % i'iectlizgmI mm Fv~ it~n, tO cry mlttle if tmmp~iommi..am .in. %ip.' 04imrtnIw .41 trimgive. 

'lk- n-MOVAi 4m a'Pm.' md( time twA.1 Ilan46m~ fninm pimm'mm,'.ti 

1.1.407, giv"' file 'mg'.$tti.Ilx C~m'(-391. viith ;13Nfa I ~ ait f ct tiring Tedh~itmq 

1xt' cfutit Laner ominK. itmnmmi':tl .4 file' ,ittgim' imrmttl tmm 

rive' n ;wr-fet'mly '.rmximmeti lnmjtqifile. C-.13, rhit'lmmm lilt- '11,4 liv- tigprmimiI pmlim.r .1ti'e.'AlInvomtlmt it4Ae by 

mlramg 2.1 , pr rsnt momor. iIi-mti"l~v hmmt ' mimmim ITi foitIng .emflt a'tee

4~P" IWA VK~tt~IATt PEi nor PH4,jETILvq 

CFFECI Of PC OULLET MtICH W~ fnS IrEROP 8Au.USMrS 

OS1OUPCO ACZOROIXG O ?09914IN PA*AM2TW 

(ALL F1011046 RIOLV90 TO &&MNACH 0OI: CAL. TETS 

d t$ PURPOSE rrytpr .- .! 

-. 

mumfirm OF DAN"~ 

reef So, Saw 

in ter- sa mq-11110* = 

a. .28 4 Me .* .100 AgeE0 .7864 IA 448 VASS 860" 4.98 SAM 

L fa 44~1441is 1.88 4604 .280 LAOS 1.78 To la 00tf 4J6m I-8 I0.a08 

POSITION Or $11,111o 

al".08- me4 ssee .Is@ &on0 .tes %me mas 1.880 "of 1.110 

41-as 

". 

4.4880 

.1.80S114141 .3780L .748 .S 1.118 84S0 1.888 0 o.f0 

4-4101 

plane J &10 4.80 .11041 .640 8.80 .780 W8 ,1.14 901 f4)82 0084 0 $AS 6 "IS 

001 .13 1.110 .11140 .600 8.Sco .788 .880 U.47 1.403 90`410 %1S :VAG 

VONT1 .0 it80 88.30 0 .9 .8 00 78 r 8 .1M73 1.1!0 FAIR 8.84 06 

CONFIDENTIAL

0 is OF Orv 

*~~~~- -AISPeV LIM2~ 

I 0' 

CF~tCT OF PC MULLCT O0(59GH ON 'TS "TCRgIO'm ShWISTM 

4SOUPtO accOMOMn TO OLSION0 PANAJITCPS 

(ALL FIR100GS MCSOLVEO TO 3.1 MACN4 010.1 .50 CAL YCITS 

* '(*430 Las 

" "ft" AGO5 J e i 4 4 G J4pn1"101 3A 

Is Mo OF C*J41Moo OF ORAVI TY 

"Aobws 

S44*4 aa 

.400 a" Los 0) Jo .740 4.33 .41g 1.406 A"0 Lt #040 "1~ a 

-Ala 

afilf 4.30 .160t .160 L4.14 jog A"0 %M97 Wol flaw 3.t P 

Ov.4 

074.4. OPCONFIDENTIALO 

4 Jig 9.It 1-540 All f.410 VIS5 use0 FAIN Mt4 "a4 

get jo S ASO 1M 6 L" %0 .4 ao%9 _ 

J34 4.10 A"4 Ale0 2.640 vis .0700 s Us 1614 so 1.4 0 

1 .1J0 .400 M4 1.004 .74 0 4.4 1.41 1640 @41 4 9.73 U 410 

F3*; 116

FOONT ~ 

M)"IS. FKfuK mW : moiow romrust 

$a TulliCKSS @Is SOUug6V LATIN. TEST ZMQ*3 

.1e* at 0 - .2 PON$ m GamOIe 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ CO:O ~ RIA ~ AOA 0 

"4 Q~A *1$O LINSIS 

689S1111*LLT A STAWL9 sOs.. 

GCO*ISC OIL Of SIUEAMLARC ClAM.m 

SNOW INO ISIAI@ Of AP96114dooomete t &W 

FLAT-BASIED TWO-SM% ED SHORT RADIUS OF Delve 

0- TEST SNOWll SOU Me- 0 

F"#1CA G*$II 14064, 1694, TO at UMS VAOS It 

"VII icES *83 111191SIPISC 

Me. SOUNSART LIE 

65 RAW"j of 44104 is TOO LORD 

NEAR MA1*0 CAUSE 4SSA~ 

GOAT-YAIL 09(,VCCS 0191SSANC 

M OFLLS? TO PCJIIANTT ST01EAMLINCES 

SMIOOTH OUTLINE AT IIII&II IWINAIES 

volITICES 130tJclos mr '"OlI.0s waste 

U 1IIGSTACA41UNE FLOW 

L RA *0W. IUS$ves SUALLIS 0 

PLAT-AS~O WO-S~SOJT WCAS SANS AND FLAT 0S4t 

66V9 &Does *1*5 jSAMC6 Te' 

4040U1TIR*T ADV*NIAOC Of LOMS 

IOAT-TAILEO TWO-ANDED LONG RADIUJS Of OGIVI 

1'IC lUST Ot MA06 A MAXIMUM WITHOUT 

0 SACIIFICINO SIASILITT 

BOAT-TAILED AND WITHOUT REAR BANC 

lImocIN. IN-.,gi, r~.-to isd. -,I n Iwliom dolm~ f.* jw%- ncniI Ioui.'4.. mt bvylwrv.I6ity.S 

CONFIDENTIAL

illli~d~lh..4Imich wo w ntjrW.in oE IlseT%& Frankli 14iiltl 

,mcinsvie~e~ lv iii. at" l~oo~~ 

.r 11r uv o 

fool 1'er fiim ~lr).,C 

mlrm~i~eku %4 lm~th iwtii I lw n Ctaitotm.J'i 

Afe coigivin all4 i tmi.e' Imls nargme toiti'.4 itmol- the m lOeive c~~ooioe 

"Willo' w E ,- kW thw. *AM-c~ IOWO AI Ift IMP ge'Wrrt h1w' Onaa tht#elgWrKM 

inil1 tiNme' :1 thew m eoooolm~c'd* Tyoic .Jt-ug gior iv m.ntlr . Re i ar aril-~ylIs w ioo 4(~ pe 

airl. vateml anorl nutee ro rmc tit' le''s oontetin wthic. n~e 11elT. 

0.111 .Iwj m n.rt i.kpsc 'to olsildi It lustrI Iii- m In- , ltt i on t 2mile.v~ ~t it tai-oii ii tf -W 

inornrl vc~mivjg a l timm e. BY t'. I!-o h b ' .ioImrte'.I t.w'acgei. llsoameie'Ialtol -i~ds Nwa oiae' iete',e varyin ue g (nic' 

otanwwniyew rthe' i i't, olviioe l 3an em am Wtate meeing a , PI~emwwe (131 t m-t itim.hitiw im'vael.ru ti 

I 1e-4n u'in Is'Itk p ro Aiten 1eholbe ;0m411'gny~s. 3U.S ~eg~e theil bmw, .icli Ila.m d e~ngraing.inds 

l osing be a lc the' I omgu, .'ys lciewaI .. daa'r. ame. i.mio tUe'g isr oartiinratj I#4m ' itit3 i (cpt 

Sttr 

86 ".4W eetirp hn anmi oiccarb'. in soile the e rec~mv g wintimim 4i. .rilm-yl 

l in . T1io mtin- e 6w,,leelceti.t to nitiver 1 Iw it- immemee~rn 2. .it h ihii.tj 

aii 

witic 

l-etmrfntIvn 

" . 0cc 0153. ring. in .. I) v n. 

a". ' It v iwmeiee'tile. onic'lingis'e'.leIanrse t %sew at alightiv (ral. r Illte 31( t. 

11W2111s'io ip im enitrol fur thatil tlewm iop othe'm vioti.3.rt 5 T lsvi :1 aml I wijth etligIiaemljw ni 0.W 5 i fin" n.p With 

will th'e svn tot' qmeiticeL~~a l a 1me'uir.csliet grvneuint osicce'tcnr. Iw rcltglje 

ing wcthie 're oof athe. lg~mlan. fqmin a ji tome rlflngina t .h4vve . 4. Gwio-ritpe'hoisg al?- we'4h -ficintin hakft 

gtn. iifi..n'gartiratelsngin voltio g ac~toflip'fringc.el eri itt' 0 igim .13 alm't~i in. ral..(.1. anir 

mase. 1wl rela~gtive m%4 it flow-mil' Ot"CK ton IN jonie 7.emeumm.4,iieoido (mvgeee tel FIII. 

depth Sf-tm 

71mqi-ie t'e ie u r',. l tnitithe low th~r -mm jtai". wo Twjw'.m in IIto e-- with I'leae lovr' grc i amv' oflae woit 

wth te ~min ceaxtvp fme the ral~vih' lwr . ie'lce t Knrnwem yodeler. P - iioxi aestod mnt tfra 

an Mthin beree .41soe toni a~ trovst lear ir jig tmpibpit l ."eer drale ;Oia' tal ~jwiml tm tuhs maxi~cnitima 

the' rtifling tvcand4 minvoro'ivcieaee temvv.rtngmml%.I. ; 

hoof rrtrin.A:ldie& 3 emvs band. lite r~ t-l; h 

toifir Tie1.' -%atc e1c41W m tisabi'owe' etworew .1cc the' gun- 7.eag ri'-etigaxie'i eeeltJneeqitd(m~F 

h feara an' 'ivoict.o mtwit e".'immoooeiineea l 

lte'i pncrte' in 3wcm Own lak~rt 11.3 a esrvlgf 

Sair4lt 

tile pmsi 'etinigisesim.atm-1'Olow.oi'l41 m t me e'easien-te,.i bf11 ng 191n.0 dl'eihec! 4 iie'r tirhm ec2) l .2.1, 

rotioe'ncnadmfttlmmragvlige(.te7..megi cc isceqmio -in f ew tgt'i 1)1"4 '. m-4mthe~r' Wa ei( .v emo. 

i47neImm Ii llirwej 141Cir me(..ide,.l in tim ham- 4P(Iel iPlo c KImm novo.t., dinmeatnetimc 'c-It Ucin., W eap w0 t iir. of 

tca." w arpo'i tive wm'.. hem' the ralilmer .. o. firing mroI it. e41ti.5 li'-'mi vis cm. e is - wi'thke te1e5 paiunt love 1) - as 

ewerthi 11 ngt se latter amttv aibrar si eafr.m% itsrm' .14kfwq 11,30me. m W~ild cm ; eIt&c r motit wwiu atp . -i'rt tde' a rcne of 

g fpir-4nte r ivgemn 4l mriuetii aumnea teem tolid* ibt~il h in4 -way vine.- tak , the nve'n,'elee inl tie -ur r:,. %%1c to thew 

tier vemun i e'itil ticcn alstiwn nt t m ting Iacflet. ' e611C rmmtv uilie'e ixecetim itug Gw el i~m abetui t (cize s'l 2)r~ Imim' 

g~~~~~~wafil ~ ~ .''c ~ e~lnl-'.emcgtml ~ ~ ~ ~ esum 14 grow,%tm..lc eiereic.e (,t im v~l i Jhl'v v . lllv i:61 .uIrk'a 4 

mnmeen nnicmma sNgtoo n'egmirwl mmn tia ~c.e)Ile ccleet'i e c~actrt.~1i- cCaII"cca' 

e'uw r~i n ec' 1ar1 iteti n, mte.rlgce"'s mi.'Ml v:11il1- p~, 'cmeuiw'an'cl t~a., wi th t powderp'igc' h 

. ,el.n.Ime i plet ocmmg'-a n'tm ,eim~li~ eetI ~ 1. p ýI 6)-i Iy apm~iilItIiw floiiceyc 7 ao-s rien.cm i'i.rice 

23.4.ON VIDEW1 e''lt.,

311 t)&S.~ VI me TO! 4W"0 tumsY.I'Ls 

AAL Pma NTS La 

. a.rnrU 

~i~Sis 

tiiint .4i.27.1 ),waaga .. '~rm ,nls.U fired .Lan. inIns crna.iamgtasaulith woo fo~aundAftthl l~and an 

Suirti T#srs 

In naldig iton , titmte living twto. otatic tmot.' 

gLitNAC cruaqit at the oriina 44 rifling, andl &I*) miss- 

*k'.a+wtt drop. were na. greater than thaw 01). 

itewwed with a ftvpper4umh'4 bullet. Landemi ot. 

rticam (non le im. trmejul the orildn of( rifling war. howeter, 

* ahrted to aktertnine the hirrem roquirl Ito engrave greaiter. Recovered Indicts, Whown in Figure I Z iOu.several 

uf time projectilm. listed liabve. It wos foundm irute normal engraving anti fai'Are to engrave caused 

that lit tke reducetion wr--s brnasht homaot hy thenmis of 1h* we"s in the gun 

plain 1"nal' with drilled littler. litit wit- a the htks 

warm ,o~lalr-filletl the (tee required wait linminisheitt 

4- 70 lp'r rent. Unamitiint plating dimntmishedl tl' bge 

l~ =Poecie 

rjetla 

FAtos,@x Tcst or PUGMA-TILIA Wff (*OO 

the width or the dianicter of the bond 'maitiler, the 

funetionma of the biand mect lower limtits on there aimmanti. 

STEXL ftX ti-.', particularly in the case mA a worn pin. In order 

to impart "ipn to the Projectile, a Minimmum sam* of 

Portiemmear interest wos nittmwhad tit the givitivd bandi metal musat lip in coriturt with the driving face 

atrel-lmammaleml projectile (ehu's 41 biecamua it eumild lie of the lands.; 2nd simtilarly, satisfactory olturation 

rimver~ril readily feasts Pfundaarml-type butllefts alreadly dermands sufficiert mietal to fill the grooves. 

in, prothictiamn. Fronm the point of view of lmmwetrit 

ramial st wsses~m *m. these rraiectilett whsmilil htave Item 

bietter withmjamt the saaml.r titling. However time natlier 

37.-ia Ilittw,:crtnu 

namrrw rircammfemntial fins womalal have b%4-n a'mml,. Ej~rvt a/ Cuistirlurrim. A n:.tinul approach to the 

jctr'il ito Iarge lm-ndaimug mmtosim-uto. Tiw kicltkin allis , protleltnt of redumcing~ strm-s.'e is tit ewasiter tlic effects 

whaich tikllam the ~rrasives st-ened tam ra'amfatrre 11ma. tisms. maC grasaves. aor runanebrrcs. iii then immanal. 11e Nm'rvire 

anti aia, tot (anti a lmmtricnint "in Ainm.- Thin' matim ia- ai6'iig fame the 37-mmmm shot. N1i51, blm' a rneanalare tip. 

lamalet was t ha,, vIma~amm.m~ c t nto ealti friet iau. pramxumaitel 'v0.1 itn. widea anal 0,022 iam. drop. This 

.t ati iete-ts lanIimmahin~t aitn l a 5A) jxr remit nahmativio oam amf tiath is great viltmaaglm sit thamt the landi' 4a the vian 

en-jaiag; fain, froati that nrm'a- mr'a 1 fat the Atnnwtaral satimial taut toameb the Itottam, of the ceaammeltmre. After 

artitlmry tyhW-. engcravinag. however, eumasigi memtalt is fotind to have 

COINFIDFNTIAL

l51i-e pievi-ae'e intoa the- rzinno.~itm tot flli it III 11a. h'we-l Imitioiesoe fut.erw #"~It lop PW ~igot Ivaire tiow learge; flow 

'ifliv MIA #I.f 111eel ~aen~ 0C lioa -4 ertiom. The4o nwtai is.- ineliruies thal t he' eg1nan Imn'ietre tu aanump.late tie. 

Mfrt54W live T:segial .1tinl oraiI ta1tiele aqthaet hol 1ai1M r Jag ý4 Jtns1h11 uali leinly Wal Uee4I1. 

e0eappewt th.w -61P thrWna4ewwwaaurv tee rae ob ste aelatem. Csooplitin1a m I py~a. Peertlwroneif~~ U fr s 

Mo a4ir iaiel esmsi e -ussailair wtgar weessle eleOMAre tea -111111v the' Mte4t eel rWalassiq1n 11106111 0 time 

in eilYt4t emlY .-msart-n thow loanoe;IN te luiiit,. ovioilil ,.111 linnol: 11K. lktite' ninijiielI wao AX 4 n L.12 thick. The 

:1pply : ithiel five. oenatol n-eaeil wemelal hIn- tesa lif ical a n nel~ial leantl woo teil eefferiti-vl. tort ltie aical lauid was 

wait hoiaet ie--ing tw a.~helw 4.t NatI. ge'aitua''e Ie a fea'teea 2 ow.3. Tim, swiriall 4ct~ of the 

If inieiteeh ge. Isumeet gremawe it, 4hecsaweml. itin. rrmeelltwsaw el"ign, with rratimitsimt jatatioeg. wax its preulswess 

sal pliaseiae thw vollhe tin't lowe,, row'4a1 intoa thin'oil- Is heusstwh14a4 mailwe he.tlinto tacetel ;aesi eeal t half anal an axial 

eel OWI I Pimdt P I amei ti tower.e wifi the gas Imebi. hu.ti itheat towe-fifth toe EWowiv.h sd Aa- ivivii hW* 

thiece qlle-rmn's'an thit i' faial Wli anail fiortieoe. .Aelilitijes Ieewnal lansevl ad( thein' eataa aljan'tgenoiai 

J oather ranssetetir'e tel thiss tylw weill famritivs mits.' 

It hap I" Aisaaen"-ae- mthat fuirc.~tntilt-hfrinp'm 

u( ls1anei nsa'tal iowae'uaee ruaetial leeeee istiteaaat a'emtrilos. 

ting toa tlws 6si1ml viwuringt~ru Ma In.,'liattaaw's Ow fare. ad 

thea guan lantlo. untl tin pntaja'rila. grsswret. Tiw, ppliort- 

2 

tile' heejai hao a grureu. s4$ieueing tile awn? el thae pri~t". 

Slag lina, wahnish. lsuweve'r. 6tienet hera' e'neeghs tea tarqo- 0 

Vt filte. fearmtnstean ist lamp'..v. Toea'eem'' tsieS. tIn h lly se 

xirvma%? we.. anlara'd. 

E.lrprraea etal" T'. .1. 1hathe'eea'. wiso.then 011eretar'etee 

' 4 eticm 7.3. Tlawewnelrrnsnl tt'eiarlu a f(4isthet02.1 n-- 

u-iti fiatat re'pLaeel lsv aone id 01.0401 in, %ilts tiarkri 

imppavaennvent. 1Thaw wait. irtiole'waa'e tisat roi-rn alre'per. 

caniclisra',. wa.'ere taik-lea, easel the' final tiitea We'a', Veer.ucII. ~mw rn e~ alse e ep 

pr'afrrnual to locirale with ak easanriarn' oltqth 4a OAKS 

in.Thepruitv 

i te lslyIrs-kto(tl lino;wa to in. in 1* he j'a.n. eaua' uckad te.'banl r44a 

sin-h a alekph tapprixntacin srl0.tK3 ie. t ilkaet the.' least~im ant 

ew~aluehfTeu~~aei~ia 

&fl P&My eadmemeg tumeee. (A) Itaeuasarl 0-14: itMilokkiuee. 

"mel aleatil.; lnasd at.5td i -ateaa'e4 es4 toe O.41 I&. 

tll ) teueea ?N3: Nownm imal e'a tWUVtIVi 

ad it wae lr-vr4 sith tin' lsaotunaaa eel the arsnisatstn'ea. 

With a 'ingjtl. a'aa'te i'nna'tsr. astal the' 1eaulya gion-to'. ~ 

IsAih ruelia anal aerial wlna serr nalceera tie alseaut 700 .18PtmnS 

per clrtt. AchlitisucnadUfa orumedril a nitrisnsaisrr rit the A 75-inm AP' pnijer'titc, AM72 with lisae roosting 

lemala to almost hawlf their normal v'iin' fear a liseanl adl letnnal mamliiiva Ivy a e'anndaairt' 0.091 int. wi4e and 

this i w, . Susan' the arffveati-.e length to( thec licanat ha.. Ofi4ti in. 4laep wutd te'.tcel fur s-adii lesfood. Thim gave 

mteat dinain "Ie'.al the neeee' umtenne'iaara nael neat ifor 2It1jO Is is. rimsnsfer'er's. itn a taelae aaee'ian ad wall 

ekvpto rsuu s * rthernealsa tieja innýIrrsae. 7Tin re'ief4- ratiee 1.75 with Frt'ash-type' rifling, in which* tie. 

attientosiale'thnast WN,.al in the lutt.'ra'a -e IN-n'ele cA'el chrwn'a' of IN- 'lsntl sn-' rotinoela'. If the hrisa halid 

Ia.%. approxeimatelyv 201) lw rent. 7in1~ mieletiaeesi, hav ve'rn of aeithaivla'nt length, voiiheoet a mrinchelee-' a 

lae.'a ronfirrmee! in firing tewataa at Alee'rle'en l'saaviisg radaizal leoade of elceecat40 1 )it 1tI in. aetrritnmfemvnaee' 

Croomnd. weetilal hatn'lwa'asepinvertael fear an tennaceetitird S'rt-ioe- 

In the e',.intalg', masal. fear r~uli~al leisel' jein' th ariteece 

ole-i~n* ad( hml. n lie, ~ tiactwr .i( E!rrtie'.tia A"e of 

allJunisune. Ilk- leaaal weacele lisae' Ixnra 

tst in. aimt~neasefet"ae. 

Aviduc 5.1(100 

Intetrfrara'eaec tI-AiI eia-ve.oIeae iei (liapsa'r 7 wsao timA'ea. A e'amsaxteimee ad larinl mtrt-.-*ý-p thsrisag firing wao 

ihe'~~ ~~ w.aiuv yselalsa aiilicublalain thri,'erlier t"Imt,. nsusele feorn 75-iiiin, AA gisats M2 c Alveenten taoving 

~ih aa-par.'aeei~len-,e leaw'var.it ssau. niaa,; ea' ye top Crvolil. 11iiski,.jn ieao rr-a'e'l~ssglars rifling, on. costintreiase'e 

nasaati%-' te'rniA' fear Ilie" mirtaiaaaaa eo ie Ctlka'a- tneeta'el sills the' trsnclo t ae' riltiesg eeea'e ine the xate 

caco-1a' ;aea iee14 I.v% xlamtoe', heIesureg nudle ,r eii:easswetr nwnatiean'al its the. ta pue arageniph. IlE -helle s e'a-.' 

tha~n tihe gien Lanai.. T1in rolo-iahte'l najreti-e' easestri- 11,a4e1. 1~a Sar xea-te Ieaaeti lia.' an uva'ssl le-ngth of 

CONFIDFNTIAL

536 tW41Cw vFrtm*Fe. 4w pj~ 

11.9*9 in. I ie. fora..sali to.1 of tI% Well tagworsi.1 '3V. "t 

1rw 11"iil uinthe Itcss t l o to.s va cacsuvisro* tol' wisht 0I.1 in. 

arod elitth (1.1 in. near the4 revittr to( Ilk- hl~it *44ciom. 

tile441 .IteIigi ultttming tile P'tpIs.,.ve within. Foir this. 

pHoe5sn'.io, stec iie~thliisci have loeeni develvoliviii rot tsitt- 

4 

in lie 6n1w tut " witihse Ilislttert do-fertilre E'jifl-iflt. 

Aos dthqyt.4 1 1 oq Ieua.t4nown~ w pmi 25, iem tobwcaiu tile 

muzzule f-stio tht ecr'1tin 4 rf nlinig. the radhial hcixtd Fir Teseting Method 

liendsc.anqI3l:4.tg) lin iie. -iinscen ce test tistis..' with, .Acnticntialt-d~ water ix. ttmeee -as a testiflgmehum 

It catinulture. Tuhe rserfrsll~eiontirc, vtilivoeti ( P KAI air *hx huieioiti 6s foisreil siguilsit tile lsa.. tof a sJwitl forging 

40.5 and 401.4. 'Ilk aarnnwtut hi " Writtlark e. . muaier a pmw~tw sMemrwhsat Kgreater than msaximumn 

It wilsiki Sa)prat eteOisalvtIlle rarr a'id fiU*iUf I#VAOs Sa opfftuesr that AiU t e it- nitiumnrd in a gun. An 

thtat have iern 4inggstme'd"T its gain fuirther iuietiprio- inewtssiesntowqh no msIsef tmins Pape. ti" plartmoisire" 

thotf allusat the effetsco of olltp oranabniesoreeC ru' wtangui- the~ Awil eavilor. De~freitie sejlfllfgit in tlxw IaoLvo 4 the 

lar rooeums.ssqtun. lIn paziiuular.it Alsehuci In-'etiernnineil sPlhil su tiers~~ ne" ya change in roolior oof the jindicator 

WhA-tht1'r erus.cM is.i it- reaseth stuad Whellier Illnos that tiss t vuuted 1w finwos rnsn tile ssniumniatiqd wntter. 

haves brve tintiflt,4 se* msh scitsatis-latiortely in ericiesh 

tiths..soterial 

Tiw salpparn~Atm orwe in this. first mettiotssl emnploy*i a 

pr s.in' flate fist a hyio-tdrsic pe. . In this 

pla~te the line si the: -hell fits' tightly saround the rim, 

RwITymw IN ICA. G 10 o 

Ther liritishu hav~e carried aidt es~trisnteital andi 

witening a rariisy liwneath, wh" fioncuetrneits to a higki 

lict-Amaen tank antitu rsstflpreswso. fntn-ul the shelfl is. a 

t.utvi form sgins.- which the ram sif tbis. citsick-setlithwwetirl 

s"ttclics. (on ths10ýbjret s1eC 1 pwcuoritwrden ing lhydraui:" peiruse sapplk-se t1w tivee-oary load for 

.the 1110 oAtlinK !)antl itW~lf.is"'~~~ (Inc it( thteir vidning Ilk- Isiss... 11te valve fronstilte comprewsioUn 

*tk'iw aasepaste hol tweleuatitsselcsie tile band. i.e'.. rltantls- is' then 4sxwneah fur a borief tinte. after s-biclL 

that gf - 4 img usatweif al the' pra~rrtile and that iti ki i6 Aedi~e awl thle ram liftedi. It there is. a defect f01 

acting ap astral to prevent IthecceapeipE tol'themltrinpla.1t 1 sehell lists.' that winihld allow the A~ighteset amount 

posees pas^t the "~eI. Since these.' are htwo very ditferent ojaw(gu tos ou thrisosgh, the indicator changes. color. 

funictions., it its wait at all unlikely that at desei whirll ibis. notethticl 6i very faset sine se-,itsthe for produe. 

sieparates. the twit might liead to a biand whieli wticuud tiorm line tcý-hing. However, there are certain diseadcause 

a nrtehe-mstlerbianoshpreiwm'.(rwnvervintcrrspt. vantagrs'. ecuse o4 which its. the prewence of ammonia 

ing experiment was. carriedI tsost with a clsithile Isansi' funrs. in Ilitair suurreaunfling thle eajttipmrent !hat may 

an a I7-pounider sitell; the frint band wax. turnedl istert the asperrnteir andi the.scirroninshing eajt-tpment. 

(lawn -a that them' wams no excreses riiplir anall thle rear Ilitwever. iis. tllsadvantage cas te1 ofstset, to a large 

band wilts. ontiaitied Via. I hat a sea1l wescl~d Is.r ensetired. exitent, lsytile t-se toagw ts~e -papcrscAtl at thetop r,; 

Thec totrain gaugoe reashinptcisn t ile gist whsctten shell 

wits. firril indicated that thle Woolt proesAmor was' neghi. 

the forging, andi by thle thee of ventilating fanns. in the 

momse. u t aotlher Ahjectiorn is the fart that this. cotuipgihic. 

In addiition. tile atressesese in an epucvinue-atal nutte6 isInure esipentioe than the ireand method deband 

deicign have liven caleculatedl usng nhstxatiicn werilitid In-law. alhhaslugh its. cost is. aot high when it is 

methodoo.o'" rumsiiteued that one tict 4)f equnipment wtsithe take care 

uf eevertil prxitsieition linmits that twere' luented in the 

"JMETIIODS FOR DETFCTItN( 

DKFECTS IN SIaIFLLS 

sie s ers aieig. 

Emphaisis. on arcusrate determinatioin of thoemn~tresees V. Secland TestIing Method 

in a shill inuactle it, iuqsaee taut ticallow the. aesiuawr to Anoither nsetitssal is. a ,def-4cont:,inct apparatus. for 

prqsviicstlheemisivictt uu,'t:l in I lie w:014e titpevenisIt viclil. su4 .undelr a lhvsratticlia re-ss. It riisutists Ufa stationary 

inK. 11st it i.- Am)s n0ci--s4arv t hat I lipi wcwtal liet e pisti"n ill a nusvalcle cylindelr eipauirteal tin springs., 

litactiscgvwtosaes~.:nc free of.lssg istchst,imies, piioo-ecricks., m.hiffirivttl iv Inwerfsal tohislucd a -r~t! oclth bah leis c tlhe 

es.' e4a hr eilfi'fcvt s that eatim .sc.a silcirs' in -4irv ii' rt bY Ail Isifasri' .~saprr-.cecn of thue' licqciie llw;,ins. The 

tilIe licet svese-ý sepinit t hrirsgh. flhe Ir,4 tore sirler walhlse icC apsjratsis i- aceautainedt in a gtuioeh ciylintler wto which 

,nii. isatieccceaet i.. clesses 

M1.1115 Lsce (sesAtnes (0-i 

(w it. ýVu Of AN I' Itl o an scic':iemir is. nimiieeiit fo~r ssus:.istrisi thIe re'lative' 

travel of tIit mwnivlg cylinder carring the shell. The 

CONFIDENTIAL

mi~~%ll~s~s~lws~psl~ht ~Ii~~ms ~ a)IECT1~ ~ 4 "MKI.Lo ~ aa 

ths jalwe11. 1,,p~ the1 sstsmo~mrrs'stflhkdi.m l-t' *4 dsat toaa Weir "Wsaqslev!~ goo -s,,nd us 

thrrwviA-ryln~sismmstpisqis4y tihji 'A ithI Iisfsaail, .1.4n. A 4 w11,. with Vcar'Al sears an dorlwqi I lg5US mmfti.ilts 

Th116 mrohsw i,' 4.Aeasr anMilea scn~tii sn le 

fir*1s1.t~ asa~sl 4 anl. tha.n4uwr. isa rawa "IMlah. sat ,ses4, mat 

0 t4m. thnasigh the'bns Impe to ahiset 33-mnitle-fice. 

fil"isada thwinlenu. Frio 2.3ii,3.ft~~ts~ci 

Jovol~lsisi-san. ft 6.4 MitssI towr saw in a ahoip wlhrwy 

duatajsnl.1 folnwas Ain rNif skarinl&. 

01fsiwiL :sn' arr oaattsibi 

SIalt ler e fjertt.s 

andt alasove that valise they 

CONFIDElNTIAL 

ell,

asapinr 28 

AUTOM1ATIC GUN MECHANISM1 

B% Wfillitna it. Shahiien&e rgws 

as lNTltOUtCICl(.H an integral lwelt.(el lowr thin. pin. lost a lmtliiluuiiiy 

exatiniiatism tol lthe iwidale11in sndwalco that it wligil 

%.%~i~o% oo takng ypo-evctoityMint lrartiral I.. 1 f~nrrIbk. too elrvelsq an cutirdyv ww spin thtan to 

sGsdwd tos mawke tlaru prmikwa1 fwnt a tivorhaisri! 

S.*anolpamnt. 1that itsr. a of I &~. .&.siguwcl hwa mr'S. 

Mtn. Too tl6.6 4 na. lDiviosima 1, N. DI)V. undetok-otk Pros, 

it"v X#h421 too .lspsigm smoo Lails a &in& s'wsl#A La 

we~~~uiy 

arksoofi nui nust In tuiuh nlie l 1ilted its 211-11111 U1111astaw irtie nm . ft ealaflail hsaving an iflttvpI 

h~pMVutiotit KaUM lm4t-fred. Uusaie thits jmitkvr flumr mtxk-6st 

One prujeetý mslivltatkit loy lkipt~is f I. NI)IIC. wtms A-Am.igel 

thes *;etvlsspntt-t stol a 311-tinnt citsuionutir airsi'uft ovisi- 1it fislntoit K1W knoawn a* '.%&k 1.as I,* drims. itc~ll 

0111.V11ith1a1ugh this. Min Was.6 sh's~iMYA'1 to, OWs. AMs. rl 11114 ans sjt ti Ia11, tis.. li 11sill-M te ne gniit~a as1 did 11114 

aaniwtuftitiom rthtlrtsitan Pt-tial lyIxp-nw-lwKit yaniusiut- itwsarpomate all lat tieretmptieiuit-ttss ta the.av *asPre-. 

aiitirm. it load mrerlan charairitenrsds thAatwi iis'~ ifinotismas i.4vetiti 284.2.2). Thew~no .srnid cssI was 

pariieniartt sotsitsd low usoes %ith pm-rt%%nilest pro+%-. des-mguws to twurneawiw aertain ofsotiitural t ul~ti M sliles 

((.aptt-r 311 and" Iuix-rveisauv aitinsgasithiss in ctsmintetttw its Nliui 1. Ndil ;astsare it was. hstilt, it was 

pnotteil. Thtauiswe dis~tus.isssi4 ato that kirtio-tirlnr join tl~iutd s trmu'ed withs it k-A~ig that wuatkld aeatiasfy 

makes. tip a nwaist psariism ta(thiiss chapter 'Skrtiss"t the Navy ru'stuinrenntas. flnwfu40 AMfxk III was 

3821. It tlkwril"~ in ak parerai way lthe ditiillitirdja th-AilavesI Wilt, andl tes~eti. Ilnastically, INAh fruing 

etamuintered in 44aqratifin atsI "wit-As. whosnwla lthedir. nuales weir sionilar is that tiis' Were gas*sspeited, 

firleties. werse savemistt ancl pes nts u4uin umnels with hsitwhusrk asits~ist, litit they tliffu'iorl orumsiiiftd 

111113111 awlI rertunit" lsatims. few the ustii ato (sautur dre. in the details.a tof serstiam. 1Muslel III reiwewited 

the praisl-nits. invuiovei in sthAsptitiht an atsluntatic pin that it mume nearly viatisfinI the \avy reorlicirmentiat 

1s-ehaaism fiviatritso with hIjwvrs-tawity anununituiasico. 

Isimatlaing andl int~etn s~la~ns t . f sara~u j ~we. e4nxmratI 

andl cintiintutel rertain fratui"ss sto MAsXlel I that gave 

tramulute in upernihowu. ilirm- two mssslels fired & tutal 

peujectiles atsr divoitAmu~~'l in "i~etm 281.4. tit aptwusxinaately 11,01E) ruatinolo uat Othlikcin and Hi*- 

1The infurniatiemn fear this chaput-r is talukn tesrcsy p~unt#a.A~au 20-sans anintsn~itiamn and Woso mwum operial 

from ptihai-ho:d NI~l(' repwats.. askich e-ewsr the wtork high-telisrity calilaet .3 tuumssnitisas. 

in nuire dletail than eastI lde irn here. -0m1~ at Oti 

ide-as pemieatd herrin. heiwere, have nest been tidoh- 3"j 

liviselwoelviewhere, to the nutitlass.,. ktumaledle. 

'Navy Sjacecifiations for 

20-min Automatic Aimcraft Guns 

U.S JhNSON20-mmt1NbCeroain bmanal andl wanril 1,laeeifiratitans. were stuP. 

muA 

as OHNON 20-ont(;INl*plied 

Introduactionctsn.wr 

hy tOe Ilseasan ut( O1thaslts", \arY h)cprrtment, 

.after the prawijut htu latIern timitkrtakea. Theta sptediI 

~ualeetdtriuetetse etne 

In the 7esosintir sof l9H2, the \&vna'eim louitd s in- timis. (to guidhe the tk'sAigs ul the thirdl niudle.es The 

csq..eie tlse hat-pptter tat sirs-raft Ivy rutuplass-iai Ithe sali. itlut inipsarlnt uf themt sre misnniarizeds herewith, 

Iter .50 laiwint oo titsachist, gutit witha this- 21)-aininAX 

N12 thlispiunio-ies$aiiza aittaseassitr esalisasts. The1 Navy 

Di-u~prtnisisnt rueiteteutn I ivi.-iss I, D I )t(, to($ie''(tUP 

by (qucaintts in part front that wperlificatitan. 

1. Matesi-36leitfficlt tsttiotsarctatul 

1101t Itt S&tilitll. Ili( Mun 0111 till acerseores. ibttS111Ils Ie 

~:ss~su'-e 

t~,~s..-s %#"saI Ta'ass,.iae 

tt's- ~~in-:(~ssss~asIfiii. ea 

zz..is Is , 

Itiire, NtDiW. 

Csa~s lits~slaiiot. 

* lit.s.et w %. i,w -I nsý sit." prniursash. I'V 141iolsn~ 411too. 

wsiros. l ite.. mvs-ie-s (sassirriti OEIý1,.74lits. TeLinsunatsie 

1'iix mv iosae,.s Istw.itta s~atnov~sitkt (a..nu as, N IiMtC rltri 

iutlse patas itsstti,.a. 

4" a,ssy.ivte, ,is,.s itss s Seviirs, 2P(153 wer- ivesfissssby if*ts 

Unitrs..ty "t Cajitwiso tja W Csste uttrovel OEIsIr-tZ7S& 

538 CONFIDENTIAL

ac4 a 4l-4ma sautalAla (eec mtao prmsobctiem anal infer- 

Lk-npatsidvil of ficrt,. 

2. Ther gun ohill he. holly rnctoeuntIie in 44Miavatie, 

am 0" Ii NT a " afitI 

Fr a )liwttar knieroo janorml inethacw -00 ftd£J&w, 

0 ,eatn 

rat oiodoits pimsa lossig r~poinscel cmroo" low the firng a slefuziieel olisrmilontseae .4 time p eeagtaW.E 4 o oeqrwUWU 4f 

vw"-61 aem~t~ l rhargre. The two alifit iIw5&4 6 p & hemwim&n 

.. ~aimmie 

msa t4.11al,.AN$ In- eatll ie c4 Attla.,nortfory 

4worafs.oo awith :bininen~tieen whesea. veumil loingth ~O~ 

its so munch as. 14' in. lsstipm tw 4WAhecter than totanol- The luc-r part ci hemlveirv IiifalkvWs~t~a 

srol. anal with amninniiticcm osa livitull thant this pesi. tlortaeagh t%- tmain 'separating Iaortisai ad 1J.a'4I. LA" 

lttle it(the boxsas eef thee rineanol, nr Ina.s iaemnrh o sAuean ioa loop view tofIllwinwheMark.idowrhobaild 

so t. il. mawl I" I I hMe 0&1"11 . nawl t he rriawi,.l from OW 

*. With this xvn meeenta'cl in an nirpiAna. wing. t the the lop~hriqll 41PPM path. As.the iVA114 FORMe'l 

learw4 4wc leacesl nuasanilly oshll ior raixiopnic to( lacingt olhew,, lfw aoeni4 1Av. it omnwmes the 11 0 pesrt flit, 

cuairki ' anal rattily rptlwaml wit hoati ninaavinK esther aelaiciing pant o loihb pem.0saaea hotel this OW ryiriwkn 

parts a4i the pa..L t(co These plot f.cri' tier piostina Ji Dorawwuwi whak* 

& 71we foeal mem-ivanixom olinh fir tin integrail pui 4t imt film dnvars tihe seam~ing ohn Ft larkugia 

IMA 

the pin natil erncry (ccc atttatimaf401 clorI s th-frivr the elitinitn eainc ItFf. AtIce tatfm tin waor nw Pol td 

(nwm the Lp. ie. 'n% ccsol shall Ivs- intawlianio-Alcl frem the sqwuoraing Audi is, 16- leaking plifeswa 46). A 

right. tic W-t bawal iSw soc~ 11 ' +e~anciYcg mnmw wosec . fcwir". n m"trnison sin the irking llat46or hems. fshe 

Tierfeml cc trel cem~nng iarJuel Ic alctieitinwit Milc'lpe 4 thme leark (IItll wcanoarilanhupeecto 2 loakitig 

uscielat tee the mtatintinK. uteittntatit in the soitucftiosiar loaskin krer (1t. 71e forc. 

41. Cameeo shall IN- pijected 4laewnW~rTI, anal links want volgitro lo the tek 4-noov a rylinileieileurall PW s 

ejeatesleut rnY' angcllrtatIeceulihacncsn. ifhe leatcmts d the lire-ca Ilooai (Jm 1. hrking ii in Ohe 

!brAmexh "Pcrninp too whic chutfes raiY loss attnoh4 lia easalv plamiieceat. mratil the 64ciog pWlenIM" msWkR 

7.The mnaxminm eromses re-aiesvt cc! the vin with all "ro-tmacril wiffie-ionitl too allsow flthe lea-k lto mnale icp- 

=v"*oeisccj shall heel eux'eI that 4c a n-ratnglr t8 in. wantl #utel 11g41t;4Wiitl with the icerkinx ker. Thia~ 

NiO anti It) in. widle, Tie -r an ll length itsing ther 641: "pwart restatigot .4 the- leach is. pnshcrcal lay thechamlengt~h 

A.VN-2 Iearr4 shall nost rena-a-c M in. anad tie er fiarpr-aoarae in,4ariogrwaaefanelati bgthelorking 

wevight itith 2ll1arrr AMec shall 5 total q-%vqmv~I 110th i. 2lomn ~ir na~ n~wroflhvrkI 

(in etpoovereeaatinn. Navy- *rprenteir invaalrm that elieeraapp-wueI Itene to take phnc. 

4 

okkIEouticeth wfoiclel lee givent tIe ,iclifirntieso 4t lengtth Aa the Iestriinog platfoorine nisoeas usarwarit, noex 

gnal v-pight ?ttncrrnrrmts. if 4tilpeitia ;s'~irfcwznna teacm Ioim itsn holop sue faew~npgm a lWg tin thr hettionil 

macle acauch rhantw-s ak'snblle.) l . w otersiker (K) anti dnawsv it hisorck againot ther 

8. The pan shnll Ice ecupaolele to( firing at a -Ate tifat rinker sporing fl.t. Jus~t as. this laork itee aucem I i frmleneat 

Mff ratirens per oninticet moiler wir a rainvoemlitiameet. twhe eaking key, the Ileerkicg ;:lu-tfaemv Ptnkrsa shag at 

It shall iperste eeati~efarteiril 'v cnindr ara--rucstieeacs a( floor lewa'r mratnt I doorl ic loremarh lalcak. Th4s, cuupact. 

59 in any * oirectisem cor 7y vevrrtirl Y, whlichever ham niolrel ItY rraeleasal paat-saan in the rhcumber, thisum the 

the gwcuter refert ton ceperaricem. It shll lie raixiblel 44f h1cm-th lplbeak rarwarel. .6l~e he lark casace tait nesle- 

(reeling a lwIteel. oanlminniitiaau cltaivialeut It) at leasxt 15 wpga-ment with ther lea-kinic kay. it fliawa sopumed 

roaandmoa -seepnsled rertirahli when scelejertetl tofee pp in ispitnst the facawaarl aenol .4( the luerking plafffacam, thus 

the vaerfi ial cliriant-i. hecellinK the looeera+ leler. striker. herck. anal lacking 

9. Eo-%rpt for Iteas-o ee-ec,.ieca. parts slecealal be vivenlWrelc 

t ~ittznln .ifttriteeaa ('eval" vvitlee re~atirpaeltfecaut 

in fix'Al relaetive pec-ii,icsa. In tlcis manuner 

theyr all nacye r-tcriumanI.g heeahr, Icrinx Jfet v It ld 

inot arphl~eaneent. peeemcA-awle:,t l the ulrekinag isricg. aildi tier leerer-h 

Fien thcaegh ther pnci'. lcedt fil this preejait didl fleet teicerk setrikas le t oia-laffar cje)ring (nost phctacn). W"he 

..ati.4%. all the Na.vy,." pa'a-ific-at ices. thve nuaalaem iaie; esi-alcc, t ha. nleaviec3 part-a a rapY lihrtsaziut to 

%crps- ti4.4t41 :1% ~ it)ta~ it-# the ?I ne -hiviyetet.e a setn andc tier cenetgy .tcn'l its tier leeetTar anJdriving i 

Wilrn tin-v %%-ere aeatpnetrteel it ccuse raa-e,vuiiYAl tie~ct sie rier erm~ tiere tetite Gaewal :cajn. 

thee vc a(re ictljrert toa crrt~aiei ra'ci-a etpo lte trima thlem.a 116i Ic rw~cal cutmticen reet-itn" iiec ntil the (Camward 

within the rpviram~w.~nl o4 thin Icriqaa tIc-k ftrik-e- the luit-ed rveLiw IN), 

CONFlIDENTIAL

L I4I 

0lnuiue fro reu.t de ntoerepcst 

an tii rwgh oa ttl~n~ p . ifnetm' h 

the~111 A .r 

s r. uo.d w w n ~ mtteIsi ~ sgig icgms .tsr1w X~ euicnns u 

key. f thewar () is elmi own 1 theOri~r Io ie'ti oe istitutdolota h 

lokint l e oesiono psmmii until as 1. 011%sur ngtin lof the rscio4soig ltIsi fitn \DII -No.v~ ~Ite C in th 

=Winoesthep shalt toan quittfenu Ato tlw pean* tiaee diever.1l (no" the latfr mo , lun thend forth, thes 

Ifthe i tw rigee i 4g.l to i nwrlwwn eri mntfx r i-igs ilecr divs snsisd tonlsfiwir the righmtiani eft.o Abuet 

kawrsl. Inf Pa wup the is lear don ot i the striker. Iaittared thsio the fowasi rend athete ker to est thelit 

Tihiwn, then sthier iree lhuov. th alIts.asorwirtewiprth the sumnh potion thisfatutre Aussad nto he fed dere piai 

Iluv owrd h trkr platformn oking andiclefn lM nlrOt foip. futof shnsshrnip ite It woo toeth rin. ilefin The fe ll. 

of tine ouf ikareo hed i~i gwthe ea As lf therirennie lat Powe such fmoape that thecit is fliied (hornn the mloin 

form axd forwirda 1wo (th i-srain the sear~ n~tch, Intle sitrin' stl lthe lockinic platform, Andu P)o the bottoimpc. 

thlo-rk insit poshkest d.,wnaunl ytetri~'r :ihmigtin 

prviomanf iorto feed-ing byifwi thfpnn inacuvde its 

on the 

thee pfl the mshatsan pafuoron aain heuhr 

plevefrii. As in the deatfoilsm thefd louf fotrhy theo 

Ifmn~ntus triitii the o nemi.O Seeris~15 frees to los-e leve uhis nthsw," tof swing h-tofu wepn rihdnteet.Apw uthe r 

hupwapilatl of uhi px t stist her - uieltlns o is the sltroike r. p ilahon to t1 hows is neesfitye. vrf i heI~ 

T hem l henft-h~is e (.st Io"iii. aniwfttt amcase it s rixishl 

mov (t~w ivss to ii stornIiie. lovicivur uslalsoresnit ; ivv t i 

to-oc a~ se litwto flint thes. froun tohV el hit 

itoo ith trhanklit an itio % I A in. to the left.Tk 

and tran 

ofee thev 

the.m r is ineAmA smt rownwatg-r-rs thel, nsi i ausgS n ttintr- rl plrtuitir to (ition j Ik the chgsgnali, :s breeo sie h 

thr~ o rme pats frwCONFIDin pltfomI icAieLilio ftelei ry r o 

Anuuiii Ai fix Kil rlni o4. ulk ho fihrW~dwsu ,n ute e 

-~ipiko

14Rtk iv 1,ha utalwd in ow-h.i Ia ostatiosi that it im n, fti LIMM" eat 

lilawk. awl. iiact cssas. noaissvtir Imck :andl tAth will, the in fly. ahanvihmt. the cam In-low as& dieuS door loodwosk 

woo sb '4swh. A~ diu im the, tosop eo the o syyv jvrtj 

ats~~~~asak ~ aInssaitAtsaPd ~ ~ ~ -lfs .. ihtsaarilKil #40 

*"sw tlih.* its initial pstiu.Thims dotootis is, NOaUUW& 

,Ias'i he ItI h-4. 1 1 Wrk its Sminueti Wt in. froam tim.. hat 

4w 6'(t AralaslinK Ill fiw tsa-itifim 41 the Isfia11 tusk. t..rypa.4eito.1m.T~ ftulsysh4asivsiass'ifW us 

ton th iwwtara-ai fare' ss( tihcw"N ts4, iile. it' a T ,hot. 'alie it "imicm, a rA-w nasuall.i the (ss'ai Mr. 

At the Wit slash it thme Imm'rf, 4Wii nrs' Own, Pprina. Tn-roolion stimdtflor supil am brlwingrsaw~wssfteti 

hasisolw i ntsrfito rAlvds. gdiviag. in efseet. an e~tesnsitm the elinmiss. ito Pcinviihr Its that of the ,sasaas loisng &-d. 

ofdw u T sslai. A third r.urasotir at the mmd Abesass the 11ovi htrnol aniewutisa !,sd dt 

iib 

T A'u.A. Uh Ows'nrsh lAlsak ansloiok m.iah ne (seiwatl cant ids thripto the ervnptgr sca' tot a( the a"u cad of 

inota lattstrr. t 1w threes s'!awtirrasw easpipSI rise arotnal the T lAit, at the vtnspir capool 6 ejeresl fsnioml mAd 

to he- exhrAmeaI (nani the iao1, . i three Pa~k-p odlhp e the tld.iht 4d the Pon at &*:an4frsi3iW4alsU t*t 

extraitoW gtamsws. 1tisa fmsauih sdeu is, fiippsssi lar an has. exis' tit the lwMr4. 

donjildi Noss join prajed-tinic lnssn tlu- foinwardi (as's 4d 

the Ilasrech .Iitle. lissas tWis rieriorply in the. linwas 

sAir. the nxiaan is, runworisq trom, the belt as' the MOE l 

that lateral maastian alases' nods Isidgi until thme rssaanoi is sad tIme tod-ivrs sat thei 1easla Ill join, Tiakor im k -iw' 

00 

Fawns 2.% L t dsisss-.essd ICU"s.aa M-6-1 Mt.t . ala. wantss.pi -rta. ritiarasI isa \f~lttc t.i..t X-s .A-4 3 4. 

CONVIYNTIA

Ph-two lst part m ii n like wir'e'ne'ra ore igitntik ele',ign,oel Igitinsidim e tiw remeemel its time' e'lma iu' we w normasso 

ansl iWeill. 111w hoign' at time' toplirer &ight 011,.010 1i14' 10me11 flIteik".der. w 

iw 'kitif foluhiemd was pon-iemmeely ie 

pea. e~inel.r :~il istfule.animl lte.21 asie'aee' ft wr'ilvsi. Mumelist- e'verMoIwri. vlewm'e. floor Imak (Nii 

PIUVO lu tjoi' l ii.Mll~iht4eml 1U..JML is& tlw ' iewLjiig 1.4,1111iit1. n'eenti Io ltie 16w I.6ki' gmemeifeteoe, 

jwl'neittieg the' lorkiag 

nmlw~eeieem imtsn'emmmetwratimmee.i Sev 14ee'ietiem 2.2.4.1l 1w ONme oeopemnge (M). "MR." time' loorking lplaffurm baa 

Isnortivin's e gas pourjwt (11.It*e.mememtimmig Ww t. m loigh Ieeskemg, a Pinaell pirtojeretione emn the' learking plalfe."e 

pnres'firrni julb.e1'gaem e'inmm1t - W)l.'fe'. guii (.ii', toeime' ofinke" a leve'r in time' leak. M\ithme' the pi'eee'etium us 

~ 4l~ mme'am'e. m In..matmn vo drivi lntm, em-ejeeorotme floo Immkimmg pizetfemeno now thme' k're'ein the' lomek tee meewas 

ing; phoit& itie k ammmaii Ithe uarims IF . is% V'mgun 2. 'I'Iw h'-ve' in Itfo lowh pisomlosodorm tinceae oto 

As, t1w omjme'vatinst 'laft noteel*.'e meanvaiam %4 its.. a 4ftluw'nrh'eevt'empi oiwum' ~ml oiteofewaardmidueraw-u 

* n-oejeq leeitirleest 07 borm flone'. efeeekumeg Aulmk' (GI neem- tI w ieee IJ I 4losso 1111,11,1, Miailemiae thme rering Oprug to 

maean. U itiele. Ilinvmidsm a t woo-#ee'eeew' e'eemkimeg le'vm'r tIeI . lisealo floe .trikur' feeewaril fte ixisit.. 11wý paimnet'r ff the 

nak.' fle strike'r I I a diot.aowey tof I ice. 'lsioi Iwmenite. e'anirmoeleee e'emene. ite'e':awe .411 f emteike'w''aenm-s amsor 

time e4t J11. 141m'11~n nmul ar ilf mle 1.e'e 1146101ese emtillje IW tonsi mclist i aw-Imkiomg joUijfsmne is, se'll ememlem' the leach, flem 

oerike'r. Ielediteg it t'erke'ei glcaiin-I tle' lirievit p'reg io-it t'eeinX in p'ne-onaten' igccilieee with an mmnkrkrell 

e K1. Whims is'time eejwratieg 'imaft j. ewue'kiemog I1W o~tnke'. leeee.m+. iManueal e'mmroo el 4d fiming isitemleairime' imy mnito 

itvewceewae' WleKee'weteI~ieeltfww 1.1 of anweid e? mar (AVt, %,hich ip asomiti~ hvivirnintalhy by 

m'arcwmeel .gimtito.-'joeieeg' (Ml . 1memlil mime' leech NX I amne''teemete Wime'tmlsimj.'marjiein itsistrat'uA 4' 

ioe free ITe 1`11:11' rQem,1nterhr~ek%6e'. 'Ilw me' m.eeme flt time' xtrm' ikerr anniont nmor ufisrwarewl teee'tke the pinn'r. 

nnrc.emnft so time feme-kril eem'mmim jef en'm' lime' lieemk lis Imemlim time' MemkI 1 ande M444e' I 11.41lo nomuti bring 

toa retate', feell jim tightly goilntetme in tke, Ieeeee'e 411aleleyh the limen 

URlpe she. kwhk bo nifeemh mdeeffe'wth. if -- viv e'~tratfor clowsnew tim e'foo ongpmar fate pis Initia the 

-w offene'mn with. *ewq'itien if' fforI I' 1 n..It I I. thait it me "'tmaetteelo frenv, 11w. Irk moil 't encc vion- 

Ioiheek itite. mcmii time' ieee'e'e 4mleirk i.' freee'teeemen'e'emar. rhutlirelmi ot.1l neejise, no pporetuncity emer notatiojn dutisix 

warel naglm4e thw siriins omimnx 04'. 

At thr ime4amet the' jerk It~iwceaue, el'eti:imoep'. thes 

filmepe'noml. andi tlwienanul etete'rlitle rosalwinbi the 

meanwi ofnxul'r pemmeiitieen it limel in the forkl. 711eu, the 

ra'm'ml limerti-i IU' .l ( f time equtweeelme -eaft Itrikvo fitime gInsit, anm we'l o'eite'e tee liinng pt?-4'fglat'e ammntm imfeace 

.'l fame'e td flw Itme'eh luJeak. 'flel.' inilie's. pide thiun, if tlwe nneenle' -ore' lerieje'te' earmerteel in the folk, 

the fu-irste cImnmemelan 'vr lxre'e'.eeme, immepartee sooefie'ie'nt a.' ji lieecmemgt fasit in .14e'eiemet 2IL4. 

eg't~ivi lte tioor ien''e' Wormek lte diene it ites tw mo'r 

agaift-4 flur vri% ilia spirng. unctil it Pirike'e. the' loemf'roo-i Pro'mwev Eoomeentemel and 

opriing (rust dwiemnni. All tof t1w e'ewew. fiw nerf'eing the Q ~ iv Metlo Applied 

Irvit andi rate-raiwneug 11 reiernel is, taken (nomn tix- ki. 

ewmi' e',u'evy ed 11wc Iimere'es iulrk neuel tie' pelose'titial It wemeekll 1w -teoin, iineehe t ereamet tha1t IIW p1M'eAtee'* 

e'nrvVe f it(fl- 1 ofle'v steml elmicugn P'imivein. eeC any me'e'hmeniem a.' eeempie'e soo n alemti as 

lhieoneial (non itee fe'eeilme tray (A) time't remeenl tee Iw wonmeekix-~wrnfe' postirlari'temk v whe'n tin'l flceel. xucney. 

feel t lR) ii. 18%. iswan.'s o a Imecee'is ,4 ie' t4 oicniar fttea eme feajlitmo to'ie ee'm'el. andl in muteme rape', three. wemc 

theat in ti-Meieti 1. iae'nwitineoi.ten'mie 'e' 'g~t in Ilk- 

MeImeie' i1l the' fe'eel tray. ii' adi..',. f11w rhlir i,'te fmm rmer. 

cent te'e~incg (rune eitlwte suiee. mei Il-tic.' eutoen 4o tloe 

e'eeem"I isa lie.emanimul in,se'el tif r~n.. h-l't lie e'idimt. 

ewe'rvoroew 1w memeolifie'ntjimee in the tomiele'harinj iem jtmee' 

Ainvor dlilie'miltie'e e'e'memnnte'ee'e wemelel moelemi. cmtltr a 

charter in list sanneennmnutin 4mw a r*!;"wl e+.2nV in the 

em''en.e.lsea~~pe~~il'pueeneeeemeee 

Ilme' Inl eel-5f-4 cnmwe'lammiss :nan fG441 I ra'. an'v 'imilamr 

ftefle '11 1H-.e ' rooeeme wlte..mct in Clii' Imewi eel cseg evetilm .' ..A 0 

vsith J.%Iou4 I 'ue'n mdee l 

demeq 4-1 l ih .1tolemhl Ill. 

oeyl1 c'ienni' in tle-i:, intesa- 

nm~rlecme gu,,' li.' e' te i n NcI 'lm1e' Ill m- mltameiue'e It is, eimite' pemecalle float toacmumr .me~ru 'eveumhitiotme 

toe I1" 1me'.01e11e i~elcnl- 4 eeCfive n'e'mive'.te Imsnjieemt11 f(-q'e ee041"', silleeit1ltio',e eeeigt leave' ..'e'ee'nl ass a "li'eet of 

tram'. ceeeee,'ie idso felte 1wonme n'ee,.A. 11A.11 fei'.i i- jade',. eeeemimt-iin,. mee e'tmeemente'nel elemnng te'.ing. Pitch as 

dianmzenic:l ci fi--c 'ee; eiew 'Ie'toe Iu Rice l e'r. t hem' -ati, vitfiae v''t ree.', idC liijt"'m e. tmmre'avil Weith am lee''aratieme t(. the 

Ce' stu:11 :A%.ec ee. mr'n'me eme't.1 44 ee lies 1 

' %ithI in gee incas a me lmeie. Sparezee clie'm maml pe'neit a full dive'ems 

Mtes~elel 1. ,.semee eeial 1 .f 011- pee'e'n''meeeeemtc l, ey the oneme 

CON FIDENTIAL

4 mpo.ssant wving .rw..uoisl h6-m. Tim..,.. awal odthsrw isy .nIniwti..n w -m Ih"Mitiog iarn amti fler 6 1 imilek 

nwii nar .:IY in. Our nwoir l.sri'.mrnl n4urw.Il In-rotau tvw e thr Wie. #v4 tlw ar pjad 

111scmrew. OW IWPWiew Peam 

-fLL9 Mo twoIL ANAL, . itm& mew .Iauer~b s mvairt, 

111P ~to! orrim.a48 sltffultyr enrips"Imtut'. OWlII. the 1ry10 f.nit w "I,, rw e ofat pm..iiite 4 v the 

vol ur u NAr waitwi rad i i imsq, .thrwJi toy iuatwur.-I "rviatra verifirt of whit" thuy "Wm tugthel. Thus 

chig or w tumnp.ur~r mmulir~s-titivi. .vo~ (almorii..d ns'maind fsuiwywr hal twur.ayi .MOCpdrtu.* Attlifte 

theanumiIarat'sthu.rtAmur. ula... thu. runs wvv anal ja," ;uaa in 3Irnh4 1, go wkud I i jvAe rut' 

b.ad ofw ywfwn immee~ va4511of rpm. Tirm' air im 31 1b1 ILL 

two ty'rpt.of falalum o thimi matuw. Firmit whrim 1he It 'aid 1 I. ewulka fee..t 11W miclum'we.of awrintum 

resod we.. i's'nawd frsee thu. 9is'. trm, v, t hu pwesiucriilp of 11sair I. thas sinam the hwhing liatirmn 1((;) ilk 

4 Wait e hW (um she saft not left in the troy. St,'inskI 

the sae of thu. Pn~vjs~rti, insmotail 4 newe-ift tint, 

rFIwV 11 6o~ mms"I haerk far onausauh fur "Anstaing 

tuamr. it nk.st ek.o Jst t thr kaw a'srnedthe lmirm I 

chamair.., wuusis orike thus lnwh (m "~mi jam flat Isuherk attr erks l~k mi A;mspato m mv 'r- 

*.ram 1 06s word taw'tla', hrh~l in filtrtn redaivP pum~iticaia lo the 

~tAmmrumte. failomu at m'swq aitim aI hif* cyr~rlh. rL This ear n4uaein takim~ Place after. imprtst 

tmafli'. it Ulf Irabetla flint thuT WM~udql (fteen aim...,.' intqait Is, 1'.wna.,eae. 

he Witl. IKiiaraelie 

rather than -42fiw umn.Imiiinis. *Thu pu'eddm u-oimsa. analris~s 414qtaitas 28.2.1: olasawed it m4aetirmuitisn, 

* & e-olya It v inmuepat hi~gh-olummil muigetn ;nlaana. Indan 

whlich kimnuineat inakhr .4's nus'mash. Tiave na eneos', ro 

kwaisns so .4mAstlingj'm %I" h marz meaIxtkc'spla" 

r1w uoe.*m iWsmatiiin. ft, Ia fsillimesd liv another 

obhaina tlint 1he lmu'IwA I'dark aansh'swo~ vem high import awl ".jrutions. Shuttllnic ursumerei antil the 

orimilitnilam uidj If of U rpianshrma otfwrmiti ru~mig, 4 h -- 6i. 611miaaahs~brwipuss 

stormily. TrAo ywp nomb of the emmaeummimtmt to voa m plmosuis .la4tmustnatis. at thm ofe~eeta peuha. This 

slirqu~niirw itaag fusts. ea, respaimi tea pold the pins, fms~nimsh a..haI in larc.L(aIshehgt theiuwetv 

jwitils'a (rem. th.' cavn It Wait lanai that a fumnv .4( wer of she ital Work. anad aOW in 60 of et- 

35 20 wouldi wman the pn+rsjtilp mipimfs~r. coand cii.mgtatlwa~atiamotett"Vrate. 

200 lb wqsuhi Iusa.'un it 1'a34r. The amrs'smteam furn. Thistroulneim kse'waqtfdin iaf4AWIloaut Waeaaruiele 

led the unkt, 4213 Ili stolma ,mwmal ceamiksal it e in jahe .h'ai-Pi AMual [l4itI. 

naigl Ia.. "-qew'en that 11e paeuritimfliui nastwal.)wara 

hp Isaatnolptai. awlnwi asah alanot.za &'ma tflitiuaMa Wuathi fie. 

(laaumaw.4ithe iauaw imn M~a4IIIwa satpetrapcd 

Jay impairt usa fhe Iaem4 salner. 1he larking ass'he. 

pulled uut eusapleA'$'r. Wit wrar Got aOatirk ~-nAh toa prermt ,ehsaanl aftet 

To mli~ar the aliv,1aarrsmiraluasbstaauiturrthe rhans. thiti insposi. aith the tyawit that the !,ruce'h boLak 

her. kintematar astah.carmne maul. t.4 the lats's. aW- Imamluant~ Ak a olif.tea'..r .4 apruun aeimtc. 2.7 in.. into 

sretitan~s anal neqaltiseg m-lasnalsa imemas'tat. whaicha swaving the tim.' lisir the a'rlu. ItY a.. uimob an 4 Mo~. 

nmimh awning thu mine id thu. praajcsilihtss sum. ,.,ds. tar Avemlu nwthudoar new prupuas to '4iminate thin. difthe 

other eat the Anninmlar. It we ajAn 61h11 et112 thaw jisalt~v, 71we sevihaul finAlv asisaptea was toa Ing the 

lususuling mojsi'to wpm i"eAtYwaimit lta sr-mor jimminit lme's'h lialek tat a low VIw~urity v js' hum sar impact. 

wiakis' normali ru. aiamw. if the. pra,+s'tmls was, tighit in T71i6 wax slaav LO I'~I~lIisag the upe'sning sAeaft to the 

the.rare, Irit if the li.jnti~li him' love, l io ~nimpin~ ~ 11i thu. Iame4+ wr tut !ajs in. (rumn it. 

remin-ap'a frnm. the. IreI truy tOur lwImlisKagmnema~nt Imatturr paiia..taa. J"tlaau the laswrh lidar. jaae4 Imfus, 

Tomn-- w-rdffmlt" prilammamnit isa an l frtoe rr* i t-kt-i tmrz1m tbu 

MAr%"fl w nit u t~iia,11 hmmk heal ,.stfaia~ut Sinus- toa p.Yeu~t rrtmsaaln.I 

in obvi hilb tS -maA taon. Ba thu. rim-alting ,.Iuarpt nl 

.4f thai. -iinpsagt gnon-u. It *no maaaalawftmwa that atom- MItIC KW 

5,.aafitiui5 a tim a *t5'Wtg5' rriasilo wusailsi ha. nv~aihkatl&.ltINA 

its' N%.uv fl-psrtrnsat. -,(at-s fti .ans'emm -tiiv Siuitnaal failmass' 4d Iarto is ewa~.v a ,w..rerisa n- 

* ~~~fnme 

UEfNVIIINTIAL

wn lbe T 44,. T1, 

Isnmnkae adf ;nrn in ejither inasalo-i never tetaaitasl itt niunit adipa~ rurw 

11w lort-.4- .4 tlme 

alanpr lt, Im'rsmaaaimw ix, gohrivtimreaapment. imait it fn- v',stity 4a'aw in the 'r -ito flitann file a'-iasngt %tnpke 

.4 th. Iwq'..ci This. __ awa'ytatv'oortrol 

haW. $4 tA~,. fsailn IS W30 lrkIsa W.s 

m ow l.ati a,*is> tim 

Now'r. ir NJaaiavi 1. Jimn- tam '-itstt Iinr.** :msa praim'iaats ly T Adat la its low'~er 4.111i a an pri'nAAEin ."tImeIivt Is 

disanarti-a's. 7'lsM' autitr ssa's~qaem% fasitiaa'a ast9.mr'il its tim.' ;tim a'trnactoo claw -at thea Iinswer ella1 adf ithe iatwih Aside. 

areceiverv pIatesm to( N1ami4 Ill. 116i w~as auttnl~'ma masim Two, spwinrE'iauaaiaoi pinattt'Is,.. st inl tihe fzare 4d the 

lamumnl ft. lors' tm on'rqit .4o highi ,In'.*msx tiitnvs fiinsg'. orivasaais ,iik'. pii'-.'at lm~.iiste 5Wis.,'.'t4 the en,.' near 

Ua1p1imel l at 's0tV64041% ahete a'tn-sa* a'ssellh ta'nftlianO nasa its' aSmpXr ctlget. ta'ntiima to foia. i te ltae rarr- in a chicaak. 

resmlainal W Imeu-rnlinEsins'ta w'em likely~ ltaim twer. 

Faartirwor.tIhorolel rsimsift;a-iy*%rwslk4Ik.AAV M711f 

d'.e~ran'etitnawmlsilaat hem trzwartoocaa. A oniull p*t. 

(Oimi VIVS. Isalte4fmthas'tnpus6 IheWp411 agal aaf A t I 

woo wit avaikila' in tin-' %la'sin'i "-ps tanl Awlp' nawal 4,alnpmwt ille Irwat idt lim- eupw-4 ontil it %sas far enaaatgh 

a higher "'rim"aa sita'e watt qaa'ai. TWiteinsisaart s"tniitut It tot mi time chiandlear that it uamatial nait strike the uper. 

am! this 4vel wa!, I'tunl"Is, tit W sqile how. whicht was toting ,'taft dusrinig r~''iv asn. lime'.. aisangi in the 

ptnivinloly an insiaortant fai.'lsw in time failure. It wats' 

paa..'iistle l aw na e foitemfarty n'pinint 1 laiv ktinx an 

iat'aer'i Alitit' aml 4moItv in Fi'itti 

With time-re'w'tiasnl iaC "jsaalh'a" 

2., 

pt'ajemtila's, ail opet*auxaii~arys 

pinte taolte tme w'.iv'' plate tat crry'va tihe Iaatio. atiaiasial iffic'ttitip, enamnifervoatttl in tet'sittE thit-'t gutns 

Wete. is wap ahni" W'"al u.u o or n.ew n'r'iv'ev plates. "-en' awevesww'. It ita lis.'ia'i.' that pniflsfrms of feedad 

lthe ugx~vr r'nriwsn .'tjatt'ut awls give Root~er vonimer. hill ca'n he aaven'.tma ovnie hb' a roail.m it rll i .4 io fthe 

VWI'Iit)ia la 1mhe lipA'l.4n'nttnt'a tql avtiat iarittla'tie~sp. in. nitara'enais~n owr ih a ttighter em' aip tin time aninntinliott. 

j 

mlder' aso pas...41e. s~lta'wesa.qtinva'atratitsis was, aiasaVti6 in 

~~tir In'.ie. lt a tihe piatrles. 

Smvenl amthar It" a mroa's awearmm'a. Iiaat tIta-F We, 

UAKinematic Anavot'ae 

avamaib' III& waaas uab ibtualia Ol'mowor. s'uaasaa ly Vertain %l~frlvn'tk.;ties the 11.tpmaintsa ma Maw I lt.. 

01aW4aaw'ihr fssiliaa. anal womitl nail hav-e tsaermpir atn. alia'nta'. time ak's'irtimaiil tat knowing in nilim'datafftlie 

mier atarmal t"Irr'atiasvt, actual mtmla'tientaa (if ltie eamiapament purtia. Thia was 

paarticua'~rly imptartunt in analyinng faiitta' due to 

CoVFuXa F.%ILVtSN IN JIDP Il ",still't" prujeetiltia, whiaiat wem t' alawitial it% Setviwa 

Ow d imeflalali~wiiananatsaiaa'sslins'mtisa iinentatira'.natl'.saa werae ynatle frntm high.-stpe'd 

oft ~Ia.olr1e Il was faailurae ad tin' coarking tiuvtanaiali-an tae nuati-in ipirmtltts tr.ka'n at i.IMX franma's. per Kaeetwd, by 

apiprrte. It was fastnna that a pra-s',muar, wave fianta the pimatting aiis~plsarvilenl-tinutt ~'lsn'e,. I'tisg a matandalrd 

W s A.p4asa Itivek'iea adowsn time opterating Adut :anti incatlaaai aif graphicial ilift-arensutiatin. veltwitty anti ac- 

M12aa'4ea time law *itg pilttfurol tamismatal 141 wayI ttithit a lera'ittiiin elmflpa's Wem drawnta."" Floura 3 shows a 

"hisiiiiiri hall- a'lter. 'fhatia sniomaking wals. eastiiiaeti~ typici'al kineassttic' tnnAii os af N.1uaie I wihen fir'ing at 

alnatp4ia ,n'tsslana'aats.I anal ltie limr'cait idtsa'k wasaial a c'yclica ratte u( 56ti rpmn. It ia ntlti'. that ul aring the 

rimove- ~rt'ur-nti witisajat clickin~g tite istrikter. aslieniuag astrlime. the i'eliasiti' af the Iroi'e''t blocjk is 

TiM6s was. ova'rr'sne byw muaking a'aaakiitK de'pendlent ~aistaat 100E in. sAVi. untat al"aata "t tW in. Ove liltritit the 

aspatin iomreah lihisak t ravtel. ra ther' thtan tan masto ito( ad immiagtE Iroae. "Shutt t ling-' ad time istecebi Islajk and 

lite opmrtivfJtst Aad t. 1Tie a'isaaam', miade in time strikaer iasa'kisa pittfamn Lappeatrs a,, ripples -at ltie v'eiatity 

ana rl auking ainv'cianstiasur amshotwn itt F'tgtia' 2. atnd ;aacceleraltion rlnt'os. in time uvteinw o +' tot + 18 

inoor'. Ripples. aat thte ve'itaivily thin'. duarinmg t1 clam,. 

C.%uam. 1 N Ix Ia OataI. Ill ingstrsska lar' the ". -~ill ad tr~anplearaof kinetic enetsrgy 

ias zanda frasan lime lisaet-h poliale. 

Ill M0114- 1a . t'jt'ct is asa ('111 a 'tp V V:tksa W:eAaca''aan. Th'ligahsi~ sara'aia'rpt iaas of t 1w- barach hft l -k, waa a ta' 

isia11s44it m tilt'-~t a-rrsi :sslavirintijal itaf th bisa tmita-i I. it'. ,'aalt 14 islslilart Iriiiii its lairikisait ulttfaaa'is i.- ,'ia.ma 

%hIis-it wa. ,altfivja's itas tho thea~a vls'a'tpty va':- otata aof +3 smssass' when't it has ta vmtalitt ofC .;2ts.ttti ja., s'acl. 

lic 'r ioat. it sa.a'j''a.i lastt i~ii,' 'ta taidaaaatrlis V:tahw,, 4a ver~' Iisi~i :a't'tia'-at ion,. to( a'trt duaitttlion 

nith NIa tI. l 1ll, i sil t tat' k atsi iv la had lass'a 

t a'sts a aotsis v sa at a' sl% t t'rrhiiiintA :aria''trlsa'. N-vat'u-4' 1114, a'~:t- 

W-re rt'aliis-a'd in Nts h'MIM Ill fla itlagisit tioasi 'ise i'trt at evvtrl' sihiiist'a'sn alh iti arv-salado asta inthis'at 

Iatt ua san'is-tl isi't ititaproidealt'pait iva a h4-i'.'t mrsa- lihe :at atial ttstast'sta aaitaigthait itsarv:ai but talrmy 

CONFIDIIENThIAL 

M W*A. '-M 

-

- - iýiLs~..~u 

ra".1 itmsu aOY.6.4 lo YA.ývmo -. mo- L .- omlwmopowia w -ým 'I 

the__ 16I3mm ne NIunvth vmoo etrt.eerofheorr lirkaldii~ePrn 

~ ~ ~ ~ _ 

Ilowever. oiltirla l64i tvg fl atr raiduigfv"r-ptdteolring tae 

o le l (rtiwnldffnli" prinya a reni *o blme I~rn .~ lieeltn 

It'vambnlo i-a 1-aft -a( 3,ihlie -m4m . !irk. etw 6he t0jo" 0 rild0,4% fe 

th.sin nthe~ IiAevenwut antrit--tl lwn tlw Ismee. .rt. nerv Is v the lrnwq4, t~liw anorhnd .Mvit.~sptvwting 

Is~lu itepr. vtl c loawt U file a pleatnn I:. ti.'lb nindit g in cwuentldaknn tol-a lite of rea,1 the rw nIX-fle.ing .tru o, 

whoe~t ot of ztheT.44d. Cliffiiilws m( aflinflvgto at u 16nn a r 4t~~il~fk.nt immt Iliinng thefi raeI~ 

1Knm, areI~in Atow inzao F-i.air 1 31 rooo -how ilv- Itrue thae sem'rn ldranp"IB .pil~ au~ f 

tnhato thern~ theer iin~veik rm pnth. it d pIa-.ilt i, tiprrwm ivii- hehfflrriuieng .witne ft ime zzmonorpete ofn 

Ail. ie m t on en trin..-iriwloiprl.te. ose 

o .4 the var it l.-ot matir anlv t .A- i s( Ntwit 111.i. fgi owai-ver. file n oiv - 

alumsl 0 t 1,50 Ifla-i . a nd twiin numawnt,'t -sltenaig Ion. aiouw A duidn a viier* %f ligi.. fiw w It X inh./ 

jlnl te 36441fil~e riil~fl~iii' V wt s :11w 1 th..t fr~ilot ama hu'en r(ft isten ne r the ima ct tith 11Win ls~tr'a . instea 

whji 4 ato ,it . lithe Tx 4 

( fil pan..,. iih- thwe l rsi i t.nlg 11 tvte B'urvcý%%- i mning a ru tkras~ Imil, forat!1.ex- uvle 

chatde u -it itg ht4he trausi' , ii-plamt~itt a4 aiit. 7rts 'lretfrfill-., j-ptle-4imv tin.' n~m . itikA te rap"4 ' fthe i . 

its~a. lolhie (morning trk- h u'u %I birls raw 0t m- 1n - r.-t~iiisc a i lrt:inB . .4l fit(- 4 Ill IIiwiVif. li e On 

al~aimti -O ,to Bh r,0h ind mzid l 1w niiiwit ie th Bar. 'lite, kpri ut. 1j wia iigli - " rr prilmn liOOtel in] 

mattIIv 70wii tmli 2 iaitiiE Im4rou'l. .rIf- Owt.i :lwy oa1 it Im~zt ailtii fartw 6 hmaianp :111 the cf .perating 'ihaft. 

Wek t 2 io l I-in. lite' ncj.'.' 11w4-th rimmsv'rt ii. lm-r t 4I. olai".g' ruire. jx-.oin --f~~i tOw t zi'efir" jai' I 

~i 

nl wtB 70v~ii 

1 

and 12 ht -i-i taa imei-fid irt ii, ...... Iivi ID~airliz fait,-'tarig.1 Ix-i.;itj 4 Nut. a . aao 11 il , ~ ifelt 

Ki 4er nte s IZý.% ý tct Ita. una,iit f-om Iaaa..B th i I' u dv lahl' a1~ "Im11.a II, itJti a! ,,' thi I n 

CONFHIDENTIiAL

i.Iallle Imifewi'rtwmeeIe. 41f glistal- tioei. leisrerleeealth'. eme'r n'hlo-.44d114 di.tnrki'r. 1114' rs,.aelo iaefitle ctianpe. 

ky liti' tiliw'Ie 1111031ICI W:11% t4d) e4tiort I hlirienvismrat a 

th' R-11 eemI Of IIM C31' 11:160110~ leee ~len thle' ch-Pegle. fir tip 

t~alm jaif r nummhh~tarifhl'a ill T-1mlel I. 'Ille heptodae em 

wleahis1 lilaa' WetT' fal)oeI4 am IRl ~ iEtll the' (aellowiing 

Reatire' Ifie' "Ul'el:eh610a14 ehIwitl hIN'rdill :tap;;I foielv to) la 

hep.lw'1wt~ : lain heaviehI5 the ~idsonst po',turI e',arat'ue'r- 

$ele'e'eeee ftive* t~frovlte9e. 

1. 'liw' etriki-'r ht~ad Ample' !jannnmie' nieethn, Istingfl 

inim~i~ do tile- Nacak' Ill gemn. a Amis~h- -prinag-mr-ote Peapdvlm for %bliw the masee 

Illnefly the' ON-ethiael aIs( e'elel~itilo owiseitnee4'e 4)f otqi. 1ag .1y) lit tswit tilt- 'qriiieA hadie ai c~meelt ofl 30 

tiste til a f~I1iterit-lita 4,4111:1160% ido 114lito~ jesfetiii mc p4 ul 11) in. Tis' Ilatllr Ifal ivegeu'1wV W sod the Oaoiem)~e was 

ui liht- rvta'r. aileteruiuiaini the' thie w ( haitut paert, 111141 evishusaivo hky (',j&14A*&I (1) 

tInkiteig thee' itto el th liawewon Ow the.teetn row the qTF4P. 

etW Possits 

1141flA elf Ilse e'i'rha the timne Wons k~nOwn sW tose. am) 

eeitmhate'I tolm-me e'ueelel w 'd lhteI naI~e in whielh k is the ehtu'tic cunstiaetit ofi thet spring anad in 

aeha'e w'triIaa'ihe hthla 

.I 

- 11i' -LS -- - 0-- 

"rf".4C 

.... . ..... 

mNF-D1- N - -

Ta.,.: 1. Cpp.sb'.ahutl1 iamw' f a ýh 6vdonalam an Iti, iAr tip ewi intale' life ti-Awily 4d 11w bella' Ilw ttriu 

*t.a,,fr olwiphal Irv frciiA.' e etglitalit FIPif 

OtCirtl -tn -ia -0-1 niwi iffn-otl'a la tamuihat fritiem lwpC wax' nA 

1% - f ' nyriiplls a~me4 

16 - r Mwti-r . 

ft134a pt ti p, h, a s uo~tr tay ,msha. Fr', 3 Iwa, rl ted at 30.hm 

h. - 16 twMtwg.hias.4 o"1t aa1aa. "i " oti .4 it alfarA'l thebupwiarua.$ioalw r pa a t ny- instWUanltwa 

*, --at- -dfitiuhi"usll 6413 

06 -4I Cta~.r spm. G da"I rul'Alr'l wam eqaual.rition (40 n.aa.iae t 

ob - 0. F1111111111111w 

~a.a~ . lUL~II~awI~plWiplta~rh'aft~ 

T~td OAU in which 1%. is theisn lrepnwhmee when the projectile 

F'4ivisha'4 tta Grp ro: M 

*TU .".b. 0 -Wop . tot.m OW. k.".a t,b ~ 

leUak4.d the maiaasir. a ise the ratioed the muzzle "clawit 

Ites the lmawl lenith. -t in tife ratio af the sepecific 

brats Off the pOwderr Xax, anutl the t , e I'in memouattd 

6 kt m~ap*.Th'ptimfar fie, list. lr inerval id the ryl 

im vý vistin hemgiro (1,7.7The 

ha Iii then ajasatia im (2r. 

fnon the initiont the Iad,~let.i~' the muzzle. 

mallitsatf thelwc'e Oila flrkom theromuld 

mititti it aotriek the buffer spuing waxn similar 

-aw 

t2filhat t6e during blualvirk excceffs the 1plowbaa'k forcm 

warn WMr. 

S. Thw minirrial reirspianta' qe a biaefler apring to lie 

isWhirh Z-. 

Womwbw 

JandA the ftsumpmaam" -Af the ugiriage 

anamprspol after' tAaqai&, thip ei owil 

tomprmerm4 2 is. 'aw~ troulted. and the nepwal 

of k ouuhptitittei in "r'aatios M3 for rok-ulaliot of the 

2I Interior hpmtlistiw tints fisr the snimmsanitiun, tliw'a 

showed that the time Is - 1, fur the projectile to mawe 

period UId IlfalCr aapinil compresio.a tt 

0. It was apipaalauffrt that deromaptrosaioif of the buffer 

I I in. after the primer warn aatntek was. 0.t00l50 sm. .api'ing reagtsirerul the sanme time an. o'aspresmitot.a 

3- Aftt- the gui port had been tisneu'erefi. high 10. The timne for the t-lopimng sptroke of the breech 

presur go"Posed into the cv Iimilar analj drove' the lilairk was ruslrialated in twit tifferent wiays; firuf, Lir 

piston and aaperuting 'haft a'essrwann. Fateusljean (3) is applic'altim of the prnnr~ple of a i-pring-Mooni systemt 

the peril Ic'qattatonuadmusti~a. talping into Ofert'ints theenem-W n'a)ifttd for belt feed. 

.a!i+ kz - Jr. 3tintl. owal. oraennl. hyai' aaaming that the rcling stroke 

rinrlabout 65S per rent lunp'r than the opening 

where F 6a the ftiwee on thr pistatas anti x ilpt edi.plasee. satroake. Th Vle iisic aaitteil IVY the tatter mnethod wit 

rm-n. 116 force is a fanirtin Oxf the perooeare in the 1taica. 

barrel twhich varies with timet anti ud the vatleasne in 11. After t he Isivia'h "iraik wen' into battery the 

the cylindecr (which variese with xt. Ina.nsmuch nio it ias Itating phlafonm hailt to anuve ssnalc the lock. .Apims 

imprsaiticut to ta ime atinanlytial faana'liaja ad F', thte t he pa'x'e-m involvedl a snimpte opsing-rnalis iystem. 

motion w~tx solvc'aI In' a ..teP-lw1apte' pnwai-.a, ttwing 'he tolal1 ralaIa',Latr'a fillip fne' the' t-yee .vi~fts.01--18 

time inlem--nipa of L~.0001 Ace to Canaql the tii rct miime saet.ec, sou that the ,aaltc'itatral firing rate was G09 ruumila 

to move 0.5 in. per minute. 

4. Diarann the next li-in. mua'esent of the oprc. 'roPwopialewaysma4(inerraingrthe flringratewith. 

sting shaft, it .'amsnia'al the lark am I ad etirmceffinw~t maat AtTa'ting ltre-ib Mucrk motion are 1n' %-hortinisg 

with the tenech bloack anall inipasrta'l samme ianitiasl the' liina faar tlie strike'r to amovenn int I bv tsintr an 

eneirm tutlelareeh btIas I k.'llisimpriass:arya'!,ataiition" in,'taatoanetaam htaakiuag ala'iie. T"he Can of theoe was 

proe'a'.- wasm aaeaet easily soalviel by .An rai'rtsv I aal~asaer. nuast aall etaasae' taa a'aaan'et tanthertt' faidt (cocking flimrrakillic 

J~all-aaipt iuns retwarating fr-ieti iaaiznd I :kiiac aaitlt ir'-'i- Serhia-a 2.2.It, ateid the finir foir striker 

inipvt a la'asat the efia'a-t u( Islowar~aik. 111161" aa "at laaaa'alla WOL). -44., it hich woumldt ipwes'aaee theS 

S. 1)'L is adiaaapaale tatnianu rlstint111 neat'r 1s'eat va':. la'at~a a'f i nitg rite itst 1159 trfl. I'1)4 usaw ad an in- 

CONFIDNTI k

alatntanlo~olla lu11k -414-h 10. a tuejg. 14A. W.eslhl nh-411 wn hq ln-Aitlg .trtugari nenltnn nte h 

Ilia listate fu w ila-ryih. lIy at firilk-r ttAtPMm.t. Ctt,4ttc 

thar rairwkoteql, firi"t r-a to# 737, rime.. 

altit~uf IWireo %194 uwimn- 01 pI .I~lfiriitwK if it" are 

mooisqt."I. A~mw 4of thIpp rn, alMll4H~i 1Wvery 

4~. ~ 

lonmaad ajil,- astlweamr not Pawnir. mwaiw n-Lahe En .hmiwl 

awul 4111ap'e.,lot(llm.rn- Tnw#iV4.Ktbi anti powsmis 

Asa. u.nII 411 .~wi w orl Ik ~i..it thorem.-lirl 

romar-uthafl po glls l~U a talo-ule.tilt, ro , vvibemee file am.monmmiti..., 

il n~atio to the gain. 

onatlywo, Isrmfaintim-l ,..t t',i. TI.,,nt join prijari. roel. 1. 11se resiitbu -hmmild le Im- msarlitla n arraehrathnstimn 

bain assay*in. Ipr h 1a.ltwn. on hw no Imm..Ith. tot aviEi ismeftia f.* Gnr iml131 ripupleop 

1. DepthI msnemlso. that *ann. huhl anal Ana"Il saw Otaitt Weild I..1 bNOW-al lhuj~iildE*ia n sit rltW auwl mak& 

1fou , 0164tarl,. w..ily Wig hips alooki, Vlam"Imwvitap pilffiwwl. This. arpphieaI lot 1144t 1 hw g V- 

2. AR -a( to-l 

tison ( "jntihl irnl** 

te. inet,.~ with slare~ei -al 

i~w~uerww~tat~ 

mous~l frina l.4t aini trarpoatliam tit tfie atxis Ed the 

clwinlorr. T7Io mud,'t I*- iueu-f-mliporeill luy flme uma ad 

in tisw Kiln itkhttli.Eta61 jiwhi. mInife Ppnng' tit limit miaximhtm ademlatimano. 

3. Nritlmer ad tht- gulps14 Initll eIWInjpkIEy ati,44a 2. Tit take maximutm wivvanlugi' to .eimewhaak jiuw. 

the Navy reuttitn-irmtito, atitl nlijamsitsI wtoight mini cr. Sim- Iriels'h siunnkl Isr Iiieary noi~ no, litetiC. 

length. mbk% 1 Then K.. mt aw lirnitatilelaea tite thisi exqwlientt 

4. Ther otantwim Navy :iinittainitiin torl lot4. i..na however. K'ctrtirtifou .4f eaow-y ier liatowimck may rt- 

Po#W~r$.wv four this& l*lw a4 omtisuiswmL . wishinsso va..d in lows. .4 nmnirip, assomny. awal wrlvk ". utnechin 

nautiolifing tite mierhaviuit, toe wiuerlr ara+.uuti~on ..*tloijert the .iitlty ru ce too highinternal ' 

1) cit"~ 

3. Tak mtenima11 4getimpterantratl 3. nu.e anmmnnitictis edhpui imu. fw.e.ieallr tile gmin. 

hin ALteriiii niig E*Uhi~ll'. 44 fatiliow antii ini eswnringc 17it i. lewigit 4JuEtki iflEtlule onffuii'n Clfltnf 4wait tie pnY 

thetis. fro lmpoohau al peejrim hioAnti malifMfiriet Wall A room h 

0. Plat, ,nrw14t hail rema~rkable Istt .p-ifling min.il .4 ther ra^ in tnpairmir rurly extrartfm. Thsu. mn 

ity. iitrlcluti~uS its efissoy alliedl isie mreuemenoluticano 

7. Inmports, n-ialting in "Aitatitlinx- tor, ra4soaiu 

raa parts fainimur anti low cyrlir ratarp. 

I orli 2. 

4. For maximum cyrfie izte, the lined. Maruk Eepetv. 

S. Are. itifformattilE nmf lIt' art i~m to( ploo ryfinih-roa 

and lIthpwolmark i6 neededm. 

ing and chP'EuI% ptrimke' ,tMlI oili w at as, high a velocity 

as, pmmetirmahhc. Far limited total energyV uf the hlock. 

II. Mir'ing tim, de'its A.qt~a. 11n. reaMallia .4 Ilken. tdme Weight .htnuskl lee how mind tile driving spring only 

n~ini~ kiunematie annilvesta (nlculat inn tf lirnng rate. 

rte.0 woimakI l-ia helpful hin liqupoingioreurl ospring.mu an. 

'Aliff ennumgh to awenI? hmeah lulnek clumEarr tinder thme 

1 wiaustennlitinnp.. 

weaight.'. S. Vnergy fur asuxiliury (oeut~iiE.Es. oeteht ap, im-tking 

10l. (ýiiiek-atrtingc lurking l.th-iei', nn-i it,.e (iiiitsa in- antih laill feeding. .Iiugll Ine e~itrcte.I iart tear the- end 

cl rae cyclic rate. 

It. Iligha Itne'eeli blib.k wr.ightts rai1.uin' insor. rtis-tgy 

4d the leret-'h clawsing oitukie as, jIewupilIte. to muintailt a 

high~l kinieuir enerrg its ite, Iin'eah Maruk. 11iu haje the 

fair tIlk Pplarn i-utie rate-. 

12. Lung travel fair pan.it rvelttce. rva4jg rmica if igel- 

114d4114l advantage .4( I'V111cing the I)reeah I)Ilxwk vehor. 

iti' nto it gem'. into. lontletv andi Wltsi eliirniate Yeoviin-tel. 

illi viaeratitioe, an-t toe liel.PIpt to,1 3tininlimnil. Iwelanil. 

13. Maxinnunt lilomhlurk piSIver ip ,Jaotaineel %iith ti. F.ar loottc'r nal vsio a g.4 icat-qratrl %eaptelt. ana 

V.irhy I ,n44-lt i"ouiiiiiiz. '116i", ilt.'Itmutl. haowever. by analviinal .5 ut1v s,'fit~tlll Ihe nil. di tile artetnn .4 gas 

the aIIlity .,f 1H, east. tie rr'islu niatkin. with Itidit ill- Imr; a~lia ,u hpi~lt.m. 

ternisl pel'.wtltW. 7. 11we time n~pirxal~ fuir event. ill IN- ryile thtat. 

14. 1.. ui..uit~h~ti,.,, I-a.I~pt alil I.,Iinrt-ritta 

pruje..i ije'.. 

mearl n it filat- tllIilte t he lunuelit Il~tik *loiws iit 

~the .flitkar I~ts the Iprimclr 4.1,..l. be a lil:1ý puno. 

puilik'. t,, get It,,,h iv-l(-ie rates. Iftintants 14t111 uking x4i 

Kuftltitt~& tidr lvice,. :iil hm. at ,.,'-kce riki "k %a~i ill 4iu,,trit thIis limec 

rini-toirhlr.'I v. 

Ito 4,rder lop nt:.k, tI l~ 4'j m-ie (idt tv g Is limi,.Ie.i~ .f S. 11E11eaiti, a 4 t hie ,.j ).tat hig .'l,:ft :iatu thleblruectlt 

mtumI ;ffe~etivie 3-4- Iit fiait ure di.,-pitarA.. Ithen-an- pra 11 !.4.u. Is ,:a I~m1101ti43 uml~ t hat th la aaxiuniutn 

co~rii *%,nS

amon.Ilt .4en4X1~V 0 ttis frandrrm (nlt toe. ,oj..(t tip 11,. no-jerittI i.. ,m4e'vnje (mom thr e uq w to 1st ,utuwi 

lorter, lI6-k :at Ilm- iH,.anIt .4 irnlonrt. totint. 

10. I1ol.ponowl .4o I1.line br, lohook. whIN" X10i:1K jut..I 21. l':art'. rrop.irinog high In.4watnwgorith 4*01o0stlel tw 

lwito,~ .11:w4ii6ioi1', ~ ~ ~~11 l:vio itv o~ en n t'act,of li Pm. obIje.0o.04 ti. ilIilmne-. mawl .JIlie t#le'.4ipWopttf" 

Mmw oa,-'. ;-twle s 60 1 L ouwrisaa inn sh .4t 666 ha. 6oplu SMw416 OS. m .,Iutm oom rlm SP alosolua h..54 1kir.pf's.qr 

-n.vf.ll the. irnflwe with IN' lrn4re 

let r ood~loe -eatiosmtaf masso. 

ool.. merit ,otwisoom. Jlakrwitor poorts uoduwtcl too imlwt*I 

AwloohIl no,: lip ru0gitsirv top mrrty Ioln"b i .ewo. lilsi itS 

It). ('an-rrid slytnami Ptotklwio .jsosol4 IN- muole' 41lu. omuv.e".0nv to. ooviool ti... otim- 4 ofirew al ifyofv hating 

ingtul.-ei:n. ?is tt~siol fealtho thaet weomgii n-,4ilt il 110w IMAtlrn high 1141I:41e oub 1 hith, i aftwi 01irvlwho.L 

crvo4r rap $or failure tern O4ltrt lSliom irr io~,. 41 22. Coogmpiolernt joti, xouliehl for pwgli too miolier' iapto 

NOg as 11 ilitbe id :#or pier Iinkapr lay the aw do malioe.ltifekMr 

11. To. kaopop flo.- 3... so uboosil Ro lu. Koko .m 

the letnith :111i travel 4 the. Imodrl slolomk ~4tpo~oIlos. le 

aW10". MWe m"s e'vmhlwry 9-mg mm to pmeowhrt A01e- 

aso"I-t n'uto'me',ot atool swiffiri to Vittooaet. lueAO- 

6kAi 4opapor. Thii. opill also0. hIn.io I Ow rivdjr rute. nientso tl I4 Ite heltal t1. dos? iv p w to Pm in at a rich&a 

12. Iii.4jr no psms.ilrnl.. I~o.'king .tn-oppr,* 4tiopohi~ tingh-ot clto. tim. nioe tho. hmum 4 . I* thimo waki a higher 

Ia. lsnmsie.. ito flt-. roorwurit part .4 tIlo 

fort4rali- * r kepot w" .4o the' reri~ve. 

rerrive, ior 

In this. wnY 

ra'i'r !ntor .'.ou.elos.fu iolpraiol wothee puttitng umhlu 

eremo~ its% Ilo moving lurtle.' 

(he wrWgho .4 the' irmoo'ocran lie mnteviially n.eleIoYI. 

M1 It lok C iag loovrroo diving ail lsa#ootfe spriooI 

oral tim e' sighif ohao~tnlotieon id the Ionoo',4twIook art- 

IbWMIU.%k14 IN MSM;NING 

tu TO vrt(: %lECIIAMMSI iMR 

smiet-i"I nliooigt the' *%. 4t the rituniller. rineliom livI'IT~I:IA)CITY AlEMLNITU)!d 

(on" us ntl Latrrul sirotrmuora-eoathi Ix' minimiu'.l anel the 

weighlts .W gpnfl. g'tqtiri'I. 

a 

14. Tn ha e'm ri. i rgec l fifilti oW ophopolol bw 

MaustuIV itt-iolf, the' rerriv'. '41 that rioht- -um~l 1e~t. 

Irgr Viploiv . a liviii . *t stars roo "t hip 

fitornowolhat itn'rnoqnIitlte rmt'u ml forrestlingooa thp 

haowl jntewlooo inim-titv ioe e'oo mnimil. Tliio woroeilol Wooeeq .4 the' proojtvfil, o'. for iarmoowmg the' oehiortam 

mkilume dws' mn~tmlor e4 cofpeinpo mn'ooirs'o in thp t,e o v.enr which thoat fopem' wqw6s T1wlolieanwo swr which 

tvi',w owl l1w oin.s,m clooo frnfittr oin. rorsoitinx there. on, ~t~ oNnmiv i'iwu am hwr ngthipning 

S 

Fns.. 

13. Snaop ~t~wof.tlint ltnrisoteort immnl,'ote'Iy 

th.' lotM u( the gmin. 71w me'.me' for fr arting 

ole'lwnt6obe poon the hogif awl Aun. a(~ flith- prtopownees~oohe 

1W lie aoolefol. he~rn tomo flooe' te'nl it; e'n~ogwf ton trI e'v iorvo, eanil ran frw initmst 1W into i gt hg 

vtn* ionulI -4trfaro'r onol nopiol wtmer e~i*.no. maximiom Moto lm~oorr n. ol eowuu64 ,tazousl.g (Orr"'e 

Mt. Iloaffr opring..o lrtwoern imparting mp~erod.'. tfritiipntI, or It.,. ma.intaining a huge' gwop~oeiiet elf 

might lie' 11-1~o to rellter, impnwt opin-*" anI hith, tImle rum' at cor neaer its namiuanm Tawoh.. 

of i i If Iti-onot n'molting (n'omn import. Tliw'c nit. ooloj..rtiton; it t., 1we d any ci tbepow 

17. Spuin,;-ewtomnfIuteol p slts-ootlol hav1e' springsa of 

stoiffiiet .itoengtlo to, porm-c'otit tinelo'yin'ol fllittiosl d4 

mth'tolooule. hiowreino g mnuzzle Ime'h r. pots a a 

t 

jmpi,*.0*ise is iiomill y meiloothe4I ..-r~.ootow LcMo 

there pat.n ,o,,olor loigh, **.V- roioliioma.lero' ri'.oolf in lroenie'r spttn" thaot nro~ittinoaooe~p~owe' 

IA. Fi:er~tiuos p~oorlo 4wJooeol liw ,ooffire'ntlY' Lotr~. :eid few the 1-1'Io'vntio.ltic tgsti'e'rioeri-nifu ziot t. hncreafasMl 

ftm e' J4obo.Intrtito~n* to. preveunt joamminog .4( Cfli~tYv itim0.iemlutm Puts I~'0oIwno'm" ln thw e . wallo. of the 

o'0w.s nownl links. It niti-t I",. ro'nirmo'n, L~l t11:11 (.,Mr baerrels 0000i1lst Iotirko', (;still 1a'aros't' it itil'ac u( o 

111i4n'.,111 111t(41tll.VleP.ift'l l --- O 1looiooIVT AfOtllgil. nut0leiii.ow,' Uffooir ru"n fr l r titteon1 

19. iorgo' IIet ioklit- I..e flit- rovivio',i,'*oroilooe' 1)t .4 theiwa oo~l inielw.Iifiii f..o'. fit oww,&, top ottuontnin a 

t,h,.ooll I.-' :olutol o'oos eo'va :eiliffividt too Ioe':t- 

In- it ee olelooot *I-.6lorlt~on.*..,.n.oio.,t's.o 

21). neo gt~trts 4i.vlteall los- oio'.ooiowoh -0. Iittoovme Is- I N DI It' II 

. 

O..yl 54-r 

ioso. aj4'4. wteo 

Mre . J.1. . Te..Iterorek, I.snoco 

imachittee etoa l ( ioot kior. tiorniw. tor plate10 timic % tlI- Il-I -'t 1 I tKo.. 1-1. ,.. 

\ lIIt(. twitO n'ooit,%al Iteeo~ , .. 

.4 I.. teoeo ooom e oti 'r,:,I. If r4 I'. am'o'-0V ...... 1_, I.-l It.'..to, 

Nh,,t. d ft""A.o . fhooi-..os . 

I... lotý I .. ,o'i.,.o .410, Moos etj 

St-IOo5 P~op 6m.isoo do~e,'Ot-RIo4 

In- t r i-o I u -'. 1. .. ot lit-tw-t.1 ýt- 

S 

CON FIENTI \

lcrga' praiPairtiases it thie prse,um rr urva at oir 11M. it.' pmrrtda.,av) woueall pruillalealy give inreen a(%c1cylc rate. 

gfl!~iiruiii vaue;a' that it,, lei increasea thes ratits 

Mmen effectve pre.wealt 

Barrert Design 

a Ihrpa' quaantity of s'lower liarniing pa.waelar 6~ n~- I". guelte bighver rclawsitire, n~evemetateW heaier wallve, 

squirrel. Thit inerettyetw 1"t transfer tos lte Iiaararr4 aelr higher kraaith maitterials. Dflynia c atrey; repvc.' 

haigher muzzle pressuamrea. unal increaaaaew muzzigle ymnltiaag fraont inh'en'wu4v recoil secrvceratiesnfa would have 

fulas. An inerreasea powttaler charge tiouaall *v rrqeuin'.a a lie he givens coinsiderationa, mas iailal bsernding wtireaeacw 

larf.r rartridgel casec. '11%6 reey let amhtaineal by in- litet ere hpi lpIrghwf nrese.Hre 

eirnsailg its. lengh. dasslianwter. ur hoth. terintarisurtaae. aoaldl lie arnanewhat Isiighet (nee Crop- 

. Vi tart eicafl dil"Iantiaes" of flip Meiselivls 0( aA& tew 57. is) tile effct' of owptatf seivil sib wtfr Wi 

taninghigtrbe muzle veloritiolelave lxvl meaatioerncl. lie impoirtant antipai.un fair adelvaate cooling 

Tilem' sumcthod; also infrtralice .-e-uia,ua proilulerenti in the, might he required. 

aka'egna of the gin turlaania'm itscif. 

The remaurics to follow relate only to wenpu oni iing 3JA Breech LOk or Bectech Ring 

normal weight project ileas. in which; high veloritiietalif 

obtliaineed by inereaL'.a'l premuare. luaeapr haaurfn anad in- Inasmnuch an high muzzle velocitscaa are usaually obcreAS"I 

powder charge. They are hatt fea'elivealr with ltieseinea by thiletterc of higher cliatulicr prempauzva thes 

the- t"n of "hulf-weight," uabot or ilecFurnuahile pro. %trength aif lthe breerh lock mosat he incereasied. TWth 

jertiles.condition 

in further aggravaleal by the fact that the 

cartridge comle isi of larger di~aiiilete giving an addi- 

ASRetoil 

tinnal incfrease of total force lite the brereh hioch. If a 

uAiding breech blocrk isui' as,ae thewm remarksa uogpy to 

The ixmauam sa velocity of tis. reoiling;paalhain frm' 

retail V, ia Site",". by equaation (5), 

the lacereb ringl. 

m3IV +- 4700C 

W 

Breech Block 

~Sliering leeiree blockes frequently have an mainst on 

in which M ia the weight of the projectile. V. isa the fihe forwarad face to facilitate aaaeably of the strikerS 

muzzle velotcity of the projectile. V 6a the weight at mecwhanitau. High chiarulier preaiasurele and setback of 

powdier, 4700 is the aiwasmed mmayl-menen velocity of lthe c~artridlge rare orenaaiansely, proahace enouigh alethe 

powder gas, and It' filte weight of r"coling fairnaatiain af thve breech block and intiert to interferse 

parti' If the guin is to tie operatead as a hypervelawity with opening of the lireech. Thecrefore contideration 

pmn, V and C wouldl he increaa'ea and the mawaaaaniean mnust he given to the strenlgth of tile bresech block to 

velocity of the gas wousld probably lhe increased siaime- avoid thia condition. 

what duie to higher muzzle prt-surres anal trempera- To acconimodate lthe larger powder chargees re, 

tureo. Thie weight of the gun Wvould proli~ahdyl bue- atmuired for hyperveloceity. the cartriadge eawse are 

what greater to kive greater mierngth or loangerrtravel, usuially inerlenied in length andi diasmeta'r. 1Therleforee 

bait in general the nusmerator of reatalation (3) waouldl to handle the longer sounid. recolding breech blockci 

increrase faster than the denominataor. Thertefare the mus~t travel a greater adistarnce antl the receiver and 

volaicity of fre recoil wualI lie higher tat h ' pervehai. eircehaaniaaa aaontainedl therein mustat ler umoidiftie aciitie, 

than sit noirmial velocitiesa. laisa wauaald nee-Catilate aaordingly. 

a na~leaign oif the recoil rnerlazaniosa to alaaurhi gretater 

energy, permit hasaiewa t rnvel (or exwret grenter retaalat- 0i.3 Fevd Mechantism 

lioan. In tilae t-a-4 of reaaail-iperateil gun.', suchi as the 

Itrcoaaitio natlaina grad. It ixprrva'h-i an' v aaiaaaaaiaiaaa "iaaaa t lie taot lta Weigilt of I lie raPiet e hypervelairiaial 

t like. vremetr ia'aaiil vrlawit a (a'. thI aaaariaail Wrighat IY roaaaaa is ,..aaaevah~at gr-tatar t hanra thatl fir niormual 

______________________ vala it'. lie feed iiavhoaiuai aat lie aaaaaaeWhat 

hi 1 i. r.j~tta ar*hi.-h dip rili-' 4 ati,.~tIi aa~tigr jale oelslie achiaa-awll natuhir lairger titan- 

Itia rai t it.. Ul tiaaaaa-ta .E ,,.:ai4wtawiaaiatey 0. 5* ii, litia" oaf paaxialad firopt -faaa ryajarat iiif. 

CONFIDENTIAL

%iF:CII %NSIS FOR1 IMR: lt. firlorimgam :,snsueseeiiom: (1) Ci~ r .50 

EN;H I'1'lJ~ArII~l~ ~iI) 

Itaiwnisg macehine guion. (2)10-Ioesm ileallons ea, and 

*(3o 21kusa Jemlueemom Cps, Mimlom Ill. 

ad.. air qs..efel in mimloporiisg iv~ere life. ase in lejwn to 

(iceuiuerr 31. Inioneler jeer pcel i jee tole tIm prow Cume 

timl. doiaw Iobu Iv.esse m etewi-mn.. etd sniekxing torm Sm-merl t4Lanp'e wewm eunee in thoo gme aml aenmagomwiiive'l. 

too "take sert-ije thaet tlee .ejel~ineem or terth 

#-" the lgmeje ~rti will entpup the rtliseg elf time. harr-I 

nitiemu ti. inezek iloom-04l the ehamlwvrieg eof pet-ts. 

xmaiuni anmenoseiturns. so fomilnewa: 

.lauaing rhaeaiirvinit ef tonin. emel. If lomqa-r 60u6 aa. (1) Flmar, willin '.oo mmt the hami. 4 d 

66"m ill mlet ed1ttinvii,. the ejujites aill jeile Ion the Wllisb righet. 

nets' nssilt in e-ceemi vp eeewe Is fiesn-oiu arvil rapimi (2) (;nqorn skle-th 0.U01 in. insotroud oof OMS I. 

tcar at the mileps elf riflin&g (3) I' %-engreev eel elee- isulet with feuser inte-gui 

Ti-mis""e nmme it" e-xiuatiseg iseadioilg nerleanieceuw 

,JIsIUVNi bmlow neeeeA angular reuiatiamet elf thw lmoimje-ih 

epsidinoe MIMI~t ism . luigh, ins-ten d e0la4f jacket. 

(I I Sp~jlinve. ion~ hmilket psemestee with .1W Aelept. 

teusk p~we in, suecing fnin me t le W~t er clip cur ollier (3) Laneuile at eurigin eof rifling poseist with 31r 

anleeleleitiamoulol until w it t wasc umeateel in tIlk- ham- Aemp. 

lvee. fly pomaauiag the Isrlpandi.eae imeplie-with suatriming (061 Ineleijeeg Alltoent luamee eolf eartrimler ta 

1116-ekp'e- deepe'. a m-rtain aeueeeent e4 ueieeioignnseent Thw sPl~inewl em the pruejeeile were pinreped oeteeueeli 

foe tesie-rted. last it %iremilil ice tmn4crnlle te' hnvp~ centrel ole.i u'vix"- ttime inelxinag elet. sehIs n tutu 

neetirate alignnmet. wall Xivs' a ele'finite asipslar pumetusut in 11e heft. 

Tnoe linewning eaolillor .511 necedine, pun 041110-01l a1 Thse tale .teCepe we-w. easily taken 1 by 1utiiurls"e olf 

raw vidatium eof :k2) i64cm4-e. A hiela wseoeilot .1w- p tio do usioslgvAeeloolk te 

baalian noehmmioemom hw~ the 

(artiest loet a heujaad torrooLar la meail i mwgeeb, probj~tiees were-as alipuNes In the leek that, if ammnta-. 

notatuon to elf thratridlg. ruse' waA fetevitl ieu 1the37-eeeue itace teamoo lelne in gesing frotm the twrit to the ehsmliwe* 

.'e% Mun. XMt.c2 andlin the t4W.eism .U gn, M I (l1eu. alleeleunelm, wealicil -e-lpy the mieeeaencalar poolmtmanin 

ieee-es. Aleutt bal the s-belure ae'ee- geserl umfavoitesiei tlme e-leuoulaer. Only fusur ratchlet notrca... are euWWes at 

in hwW t haing ml andi in poewer lemelingC a M!i0-zm Kimn. the re-ar eof the taint-im. o-l the lumrn- wooiesc have teo be 

%I I. at 22 resuneloex mi lnuste. Tim-~e ts'et inelirateel in lone elf tlme feast delyirmlile ungular peesittinta. 1'ee-ithat 

e-hangm' in the psiejes-tils.. sirglet sof rifltiuug. ansi seeso trpa's bhael selmewit a ut.ineuetusnn anegtular sruepoaee.. 

feeding mneehsuniieen were~ -9llifli tee rhamleer the pe-. 

esegraise rusneln mutiefetely. 

ume'ett etherimineunelelf emiv±20 le'gnat in ping trus 

the hell tee time ~nmliwr 1ine iceavL! within theaftw. 

to 10 

vi... U.' ek C heror-tw.vutteeies-e few ie-4id am.1 oo fie5.ln~w - se in . slsipniip sweehw gem.. t( . tegilgo, too 

,11 i-: Valium 35.n DIW Itt - -ii. N., A-149.) 

CON FlDK NTIAL

10144"0 

GAL so & 

MAGNMU To 

*03flAl 71 

I" 

2. 3se r. ; 

'AT1 I A' N 

4% 9.Amng PLATING 

IM.Austa wTION ?"inau" 

Tgwhx 4. (ImnI. nwimiL. adu'gs witlt.t.1 lmat em.fi,&l I.. Iniseeu l~S ini pno.uu et.. A~ Idw.in 

PISMO. w its rW,. 3.171. e fi.. UuV 100 011jSIOMI. A" I'iguu 34 iNN NIIII ll.1wit NO....1441) 

able limst.' 14o prevent "*airanimp.'" in a foorr.nstive 11wIre tset in thke AMtxlel I Win were simply to deiterharred, 

with pIvntcd landse unit Psipline. mnine whether or wit in"c arientatifin wnse actuallyS 

In firng 60 14111141unA Of iur.-engruroa il uisuumtimltin ohtlaineil. 1they cwinq,.tl of pinittin'g a 'icratrh on each 

in thipt Win. tlwrw. wernip' Iii.ulfitnetitirns in entering ca"I 1211111Itotling the. wrwat;n l.iktetxeetus theoeutches, 

the rifling und nit hung-tops, at the torigin of riffing. in- were ut the 12 ocu~rrk puimtionL A1 feurreoponding 

ditrating that this niethful #of intli-xinji is ..atiasfaettwy grixyewait ent in the 12 oclurk ptottion inthe chumk. 

at rates; f( 300-5W0 rpme. lIw. me file high ehamlice pmvsinue ill firing would 

7he p .-engraveti prrojei-tilc ist -.Iwwn in Figun. .5. leave an indienting mark on the caime. This; could be 

andl the rhambler iletails is( the snassifie'd baifrd in riompaml with the sorratch prwiiotudy madl to indi. 

Figure 4L. cate the amoulnt of' rotation, if any. The ammunition 

clonsistrid of a calbw.50111 bulleltil-. S12. tlanled into 

3R. Johnston 20-nmin Auitomatic 

Airetraft Gunst 

a 20-mm r~awq neeked ldown to fit the ecalbr .50 pro. 

jerile. A rhargrt.o( ztppro'cinztety 4716 pauino of doithte-4mw 

pow. lit wns, tsed to Rive a p t iareof 311.00th 

Tue Meute I uniit m#,iie tilt Kuintie.. 4rilmd in Awc. tit 58AXII p.i &ndt a velocity of 3.600X to 3.7W0 fPa In 

tioin 28.2.3, were tt.aaptred tot fi"- btigh-vei'oeity Wealler tesits, at .5111 its 570 rpmn. it wasi fioiiail that very little, S 

.50 anitlniniti-onfl.ie-4 p~IISi.-eiiiot. l,, noiivel fa'ellitim if any., nitatininal displavemnent of the rtminds- took 

systeni lstilrvity the rpoi.,l is- lwsinuiiva.IY heide in ltelx piace. Indivat it~ix that this, miechunism Would4 IV rsuit-. 

breech ...bde frinnit e littl, it is * ilrimn (nn j [e IN. I :et ill(- for pre-enrra.ved. amniumitiosn. 

sinti it t i,6 well in th lw ainI ur. %at titt at. ) u'i.grtini~tif ' Th'le Muise I Ill rins w-as filu %%ith% Iratleer .30 prefor 

rtrC at iSiIIalxittit, axzti,. Thti.s. if thei riallal i- In ,p. ii ritaviul 1s1-ilitV:tl~i~ltin 

iim wx- -irnilar 

,.rly iritexe in tile I ,1.lt it %till Ile Ipn~lx'ry eoriintet it) that it-4l in N1mi.lt 1. c~ex-pt that pre--ngravell 

in lthe barrel. prijlectili., with, pisiuntcl Ianiils wi-n t'i eu hois o been 

CON FIFNTI %

A tl mui tw N I U:ur "tit m 

'at *AWL spussi 

W uN 

I'' M"/ V-1111 ""~dW~kM11OW N "40"# O o'n s - 

tklminth Hmnn ':It'rA~tn nO .0lv 11"wm tg" nIs & uta ngl 

enrvdrer6Im.th 1 1 .i4(teamebvl#fIm a 

n"tetmml h 

~ollmlorotcly 

rourvilaI 

waon- ;1with 

~ ~ ~ 

infc.iwe iifitgevn itowe th tntrm 0m Po.nokt!o61h 

rudw inl~n nfo el h iolnrllnl r-mp -- imm nieieApoiite a 

RO 

th oI Inrt'WW`termeuuKi uimI rc 

Fwwau 7.i vo no- trolfr ltfr l 7mm li",s tigiv~,u1w eti too liaip ss " t noe nwxi&4 Iv ns. in i 

with rstsWInlot isH mcitflm ion mh :Idt. the psanrte luate .17- mm v im-fca ne k A~v i- wimine il. to (nilie oo ngp i. c in 

and splin ess wr e ,eittitan Iet vrtee ring fil G re t q neiveltatisen in fit le Iws4) Its i' u i t nk en ile lcsm 4 -h rTt ame *E M it 

it m to, ebsimlete r. 

prtsis14Y inthe.tmwe trnek.n .lmn 

uexwt. th r' 

r Modin,; n e4 Ror orisiti had n4% ýIss-hiuess 'ih ts.% h T- eth rtsItsee l ,resetmuss' n psst l in th ol 

I~ni t.Ij(ArA~qj l a I, njjfg.I 11 1:1arP l i'm , isrv ( t igiie leti'l. 

Ths'~~nws eIzeI e fn'1-m tt'('tt?~~l 'luCONFIDENTItALa it sslll'I witsfttn t

I" AUTOMA IC IRM OF P011(DICAIA, PROJECTILES I 0611MOUNT 

FIRST STAGE-gu oM gU 

PM'MoNE amASIEs 

POW~rK9 "" LS6410 O 

(LOCK181I 

I~u..uiq~ *~. ,~.. -e..a~ IW~ in11w. .~w.,,,..n .' l~ ........... ...... . g ,w ...t-.n......................unim. 

IkA I1S~(~C~h~ .ii.~ns ~. f~tft I n NIIC T9.w1%..~I~. 

CONFIWG :ACT Mee 

SA4S 

CAS910 AD OU 

VJIK ATIN

xa at& 

d h~n:n.A eugiwikr iniwk %w. mNmrta.aI qla aAi gnm~r. 0"wI 1W :oUdhiI ttmA UAm, 

'441 traiy ai NeI t C4'a141MI int ii.4.4 w-in 11M. 1wc4t-n'94 

atut -. mt-ee11 I.1eork I'D £-fmigirr Ifur Kn w in itur, 

aww.enx iw mrnis!-ily. A 

are p u tnis~fIm-vten 

4~inic-l 

n i .4 

eI~k It.- kt-e Iv. r~ay it .e-o plimint fly *u-a ir-ek Imwezmmial: truck. Whsike IN- ntasvu1 "ones4umt 

_ _IP i 

k~i miimr hIsek 

tn wa a 

GAIC ~ fO LAV ~ ~ o~ VLMG 

yUW*h STAGE- CARTRIOGt OCNG ROAMMEDT 

SPUR 00 "eON"IDENTIALA 

wasil 911 RIV I'sa st 

Pqzvtm 

aAS FLW B~o a * a

In- Ow. (4441 nrr%. a hg.%I1h. vow.1 alosve Ow ra lm pin%. It wao c.4isimWis aoivinic 111-6 6 ana Am y "a-Yt 

vs,Itnl dw. r~ IImoo. (nt""in o fix-n tlwibsnmota I ar: "i ith fw oaftfintha Olw uwvanim %ill lamiros 

R6P tr ~wk. Ivaw, 14 .sAomm ("me*goin~ Ow firmBina fur foovmu..ig ud grai avwl uawisioa~ umwkr 

0-ipfisma %A A& %law.ty raw.. anal clwtmilcnng f a M-W asaamnaalir lrinfig ramelifiaums 

CONVIID:NTI AL

SAIIOT.IIoJE:riIus 

wai& il.* fo 1 mnintih promi-a Ia'4arw. 14a so 1IMP -.a. 

au Inrnalartia, 'waI.- Proo,"IA-I lim.r"4 so.&al ils. Irirrfoowt.,~ rig- 

IFJM SIVUWVIT li ssdaosdjorto..riil I&o .a..m. .4l a,.. I it, an a-~pI..In-I v"r .4o1 hr ittnuiIiial~, mart.. .4 a 

wvrr~ pn~lo, smah-aIiakris ssY D~i% am I. is isa Piehes.m~vagatih..4 d hr "few 1111mrIa 4,40 so that 

.amobnma I- astaime himbev m*W awvW wie~et solitosa is Ahu'bima =k3I. 

tham tme, ailtai..Iuir with caeavieitionou pi~rwiahoiiu 11Wr "Muir va4ori.4. sof ..amld~joflgvqtl am OVmte 

wAI~ fromeav.ret~rtiositaI imo.A Aludlecti~mhlilp m~ay lime thatsof .4er -Pi~n~roii. 4o awoautal &r~id 4~W the 

Its SG.im (.tm .a o.acos~anIlpinm mini-wesaaict il side Panarouliletv 

..t~atialairsl etainlis, uithisgal ~a~leatioa lit tim. gum ove I awraaa .4( the n-lourt' mua~m d4 lIar 

isa~~a:wwa~r4a 

dalwomaus, 

.grrlih. Tho 

rhss Ir hm mora gmom.istir lin-mara. It visa ihiso teama mitflihPn-vt 44( issfrnUPri neiuir %rAw-il 6 met 

fcmlum id ma'sh. flainmth usilar aaai4g. 

"W~IS wwiuc-lewlhy sehibh mhat thr lultt,,mangado 

juim16dY a 6advaflh. lo.ila lw ilm.4fitis .. 4dwe pwlirel 

vita . In or, hvow 11w htpaeorvelositysad-pas.jaoa"ir 

ahaq..isw WmaV Ifta aar l. Ua~ Theo mos tools mwerto. is misesi hntra gam poo (so (mrtae ma.i plms.. 

a4of b"Vwarmoor i oy 1w4.smis. er so boo Isswulonmaghts Norto.yn ,.taoialilv. .. -s hat it fr~aub.i a hisgiw i r.4.uiil 

tont taCaptea 1. lual~tlncdmiafq hidw i.a e %n '~ %& lta Ilher I arvot. 'nu n4tor tlhr liesi oAr" in 

pfelr"Mrsua 3 at hfir ranto sit "W.a.ing %tissa. ley Ilvit a.. I maw a woaI~lyhIa~~taa!22 

Thoimhaapathat thiso.waal maight Its- mm au.mrsdseirk*y t~abwormiw tr 464 .4m.i Iimnitatises fair thr sontwm"a 

low Grimg.liaar41. faotam a'staiesaa paw hal lasrt pamag.rtl. in .aaabse *w '.ni~u or odob& 

NI)RC I.lai..aleaan athir sirviaisapenm. AI. a Ibe1wat-aloiosar is"at at 6. rf..1 Irowrts wamlimme 

thosugh theac pnuattilrw wmeWsit, V.f crtarugul ire limp. loat-iaag ofisakn.I I wui ad r15.g 

to1 brmsetei ky Unerrtma fu*..- aharsag the maw. the 

*latE..e ftleA. iaallrmar. that A !II-armo m1,ica-PnagaqtRh 

VAMualit OWN& solp that ite, anVrma WIMai 1Wr to WVWU 

so that of the oaiaMla pnaap-tile. %hi?.. at the osmm 

~ap n ~atvaa 

at it hisffi hey *sold W .r ra a, su wa~ 

TINr appiraiam softhrw miart %ith wh"r 06%e.r 

ILLS C..'a I wo fm a~rmrran a~m the Part -n woo We mk to 

(*l~al leart~itu.merwasr thrarrmusim, peremosir3aa aliairalsh, with Vm 

A~ sa~hosepamgeatilp a6 am tha toli~amoroo imsle, two, at alwom.in .rinw or v aaw." Eve% Ilaagla a rtmok'ainns 

site Porto aftrr hurasag thsa matiami. ad the a. p In hern pstora.sm i4, ctars .4.it II asad-Mwagrailt it hs knt as 

U untrisany rd flow .&.sirt a- 1. how. limit 8 to amosss.o u..pw. ri~h" it" .. 4.a go~ala so mthe .sll 

1.I'MI,3 .la.. . Lb. ~r W-.am .4 -2hNet W4 -Ild.I -qp "Also. 4 tlIP W..lq g.o.p.4 ha& lb wQsesbu.ioli dos lhrosim 

00a4.soeo4 J hftm~anoi b afro..m s obipa ah's s 'ofa. lhwrosm Ismo .4w hrsoid.Ma .4 h pon--4P..a. as. loor imeu.. -11-0 

I vIVioru.. 14 .14~ hrJj 4. .I .. 41hr to b. hat maw-in -4 atR 73 moss. N'.. a~.d.a 

lka, t~ 1. .4.. -1 f. vam 0~i4.. . tlb.la..r I.... qqd.. a k- 1-q, .~~J. 1r. . thes-. r.4..a 4 

rosept .fro.oop*a 

m-ý .4 U.1~ lh-.. I .1.J ft#- &,K .01i -ab "_a..a...h.L.6-.-.s W...t-ml.hta4 -4 a.~.4p 

rP...waw. fodfL-r I.t IR ISn.a I m hf..hfoouanhao.. .b. .re -wk . .. ldj'paa i 4-. fod .. Wa o V I 

1 ma -6our 1.a. G 15. Ie. ...a.4.e.1 a.. %it Je.4 N.1.11. a 4 L' op-A .aq4.a .. at... 64"o ii. dha.av Pulp 

,I& .siss A-e.-4 G-...,. iohr..l .Ia.aa tar. jr.44. It - m Imm... oro ..t A~m. $-q.raa. atk... .asohir 

1.hra lartid. -r. . NDIU ~d5.I. W L. .h..-1.4.. floo ý.hfosotioo... a-oo~s. I... -I" .. arh.da g 

* a 2.. .-. 41. 1 .. %1,r. \I-M.mm. l.-a,...- .4l S-ama... 2-1 2 a. ..... -mol .m.w 0-w 

.w11. t ou.os t 

6 ~ osJI. 1 114 a-osaoliA w 

6-4'oo ,.W I o6G u ia

F"041 

6m-u#ltf 1 afl 

A-am .6to 0--40h t Po w ý MA 

*a -.d t eh s ,m ad r a " rg t n alii iw a mt m y m ~ P W j h 0i 

- ingain 

tietee s the. h2 Im g r t t erh~a~ Ifi vii i Im ).. eirgls i lase. e aple tl ms.pes~lus h.in 

meAlho awa .4i"m mte. awmn.Skiatm 9.2 fle neagss- fortem have nfal ,nas.' enW fIg a-prh.. 

aml ruillp rurile pm a Am* .r *hotit issiet aiviomeits I, rerf toslatiA. in e~e thee b rae lalieses m a(* pe ai 

VAM ur aammI~rlwne't.t~m P- 1Kii lat h vpernr' fa~iring x milatfrlm m~ atelrjaiml. aL4 

W~eitim. 

itat* 

77w iiiaeseie 

balligbf 

Pie nor. ok.ia wmw ~sojni o ia pest. aeuee4v .lshat thje~e smehIft m~jeifee fieImwhm 

lar ith fairtw 

itb 

smilS. 

cihi 

teett Ihr I*% Immh a -wat ws4ratee a win. firing setiumnalieteand tammn. t mihrPo 

eAlluies dthe 125's ia thre Chat ,atte. ~ah" the clWo.tisapmihImemn 3-2 UI 

*'is thew snuste amithwmin milj1..t~'~t i & s, 4 .4i 'thm mat th.., haenwiae eti iwgatctpr- 

eTl,4 fam -r~vta eithermmrst r.1 eeiab-pimlw 

at* tifng.esml am 4ne t~~serdiuo;metaalvaifas Lto 8 "hmlli 

Vhwiuw. I&ve I. ui~iewin4 Dieee. ereisens Iew a audi a imilre'. ihnu, trie. r~mipag line in t themlmm I to 

Statuary 

e drv 

fart us., ouerl maol 1e helm h.tieedeeffi=ion. e'aite'a A g. Iatiring imareumtrfialf amneite AprS"1ui29.2pa 

* 

tisin the thg.fu rata. of the. fasrpat meiee the. dwa. %d Ou 'em Imesemth 1 ag emY a n 

4three..artaluisean.irm ik ae a givn gerti. 11Plt2itIw eisynagsq lar tin part eeg Ivy 

(rum %th neon ma..21 !n aThe 

mtdifif.f iap 

* 

aew 11140. Willwuail eismn lwr tan... #44ii, getejsm rile's Thwm t . itum io "fisnllnur~ iea a 

k-hir2le 

IW~iftv 

lute. I lssae' 

th. 

iv.m,m ek 19,11I)iii. lo 61.11 a gi. tse alls.. will Isnips frmesolly theriang., 't . e d uE7 Satihrr matAnmeseufie .4,r,,~ejaifly ifAmtl..c tv the ~t ain ve p 1Psc 2923 i*hn ngj-ma tu,- M 

livaen ed Il~tsig idst ambeat*..eing a Iwvqmi" gneuls.g1%rp o ntd inss r i it n~ee aatleftit thelS .1.itifseesgbtbema 

* 

na tn.pitea esleL iwrsa. ie.ecero. uil. peer.o it r n f.setw t tin i~e'tll fiAam 

ha,4IA 

Aelil4je~t 

.0 

pa 

A 4 

-.4irrialv 

Ihar 

h 

Y1441i-14 I-V :0) lte U., E333 me i i n. f-Ionogttiil wtm vilk," i le t fswnellv 'alm 

Anuthmlee 

m ight far 

0;l.. pftap~ 

at. 

c. ib pf s'4300441 W401 epf.Jemtetistg f'nth.ailtu (etirm 923m hif 

rTi ves. .4 

0*ac joi 

-figh .T4 nsr lieeeus Iblixil m. jessetils..at i..eg- -".s. ItuJ.e.. in ".Mive.. tv .7-#wm taetr.let the 

range..i 

ftee 

. fly& 1.e.th .4,%jvi tv -o ltew homai- .iame a h t d t,. l%13, r Ielitghvnme. -Ai rA.4e~a ist% S e40W p T 100 

naepet.'I itsttais,.edflgh a ree'.sd~w "4101.43 

m&,. 4 lee-m 

IIIee-)I 5eeeee 

Vt.. e' 

vyhstq 

""e.00e tWete f 

le 

eej e Jir.ee .e 

PI 

2ep.7m 

te 

Ill, 

8) i m n' niest.i 6eý.mq. d-, j~.me,.ese.'e1jtlens egglesm 

~ ~ ~ ~ CO Ff. 

Altheisegie ps.gW ii.. e %*ts.e Leellieesiie ,. .,~h~.. sete.e. 'fe(hSm

"S)KAI4, lose A%1m74NA41jYrAmlJ 

In4 '~i .i.Ipnm+"rih- finmi (nom A nornslot- .41 postotoww' *i mooduffw few PdWaWMu 

a 1"Ia"I iwv. loot ji.i er mle. o1..eW1 ont in viic '13~~ 2 psr-ojorti". Ieavr l'In" p'ameI. Allimsividh eleiaehqj 

I hat a ýlstdm.4,104g11iel. l1;s, lI ef'j..Iaula zue~g.4 o .. e.oetit ierlee at* in pmmnl Ierkenit. I 1wt rtjpmw4-1vta 

-- W io . rowT in tka * -lmanoi -aflflic 'nii . 1i-rmj., -ii...eh,,.emI,. in Vevire 2 cloon, 2nel 

dismoelliamat im, v l? 1 1i~ficla moI Im1w i. fix.i t6t a pit-fi flre..ntr few ?ehevi ew irt'ips .4f intercioa aftl es. 

.mhweI'jueeq 01 IN p#.*ls . AimL (gemm a , taahmm pm foimmr,, ifteZ.ietik 

immnamemblir aigh nemilar mieinineseitiee. lb.,,,. 

iat" pp all -ulalmllwo, pnqrrt~e6h64%.. lirbts have. itis 

Tiwnitsmegisi 4maheA~wIfm4( 

in lialiI in ariolel (2) it itsdeev erleoeweeg erno u 

OWN "!n to4 umfool,,,.. in thi fulmor. 11w. pmejortrido jisihmt lotke. up is the lossor. ey". 

wlim flimt (n~m a wtarn mm; (3) it 6a -o liet ; 4 it 

INS, 

aa4a 

IL OF SUOT-PlIOiEI1't.E4 

Coso'al RecguirM~insooes 

nmemeAW~atcs~ mqF~iRKa NOmr tAMan'ntea fte 16P 

pnmepvtiir 149piceit (3).. it 64S 6 mmIeInewf"emi 

the 4wameNtjr pn~vejr,4 UwAb ftvWA it jleq-g -oN 

The trxpmtew; (re) it he" thr pn~vijnwf ie Snu fur 

A nampolmolo epetrih m un ulelee t a uiteab. g~eve.'nn., in handling the amuntinm andi JI it 

ralil" pniugrik- ssmintoi its it.t psarpoea trithri, arnumo, rian loo muaauufatru~rd cmtiniy& ati a voraimumal~rends . 

p 'raw he~hdi-rplimnive momet aith a .Inid that 

IMA Stalteifiy of Sabet-rrojc~tikeaa 

Tlgsimese, thew fO eaL&6e~v o *4& x,ednIlwr lontet imik 

isowna .t po -of W in "Win"u S.3 -u paeeitd eAt 

thne. it in ik-Atralole tha the .tamility fartar fee at 

laml1.3 is cnleror toamelo fanriaaitma. in atreamt. 

rat 1111 .in g~ifun. teim the~ -mgaw-raad imphiwm 

r..a., 3 Acbuwa the Pwhejeamiip betuwie thr 6.5. 

meetif -d the emulwalilw, pruprtile and the t id 1 

000" ui&t 14 the pta when the scalieity (anton 14 the P. - 

will mijL. it pas...lel. its fewr door ..elwlietvr pweeie-ril.f(um 

t In, vin aý -effert i% tv;L pee-del,. I hee irntimmre ntaee 

1. 

frautiei ,e -. it. 4140 tl-eeai s On- r ewt -wtieml. tior4wmn w 

LOtNVt1)ENT1 PAL

ja--iles. i6 1 .5e :111.I a * 'Ie..~ eoit. invail~ar to&sI lea I-,( a -0 ateei A- 1,0-1 11-411 Its Iae* -lo~t rift mn I I. ter Ie tifIIM. neitat I1 mug X1in 

are ;nese~lemrvme~Ie~eeit 11e. 6,e lipiaroe i. ..I~~ecta iml .ef. tle- IMeieINO.ise1 s.4 :~ei'eeen inl a onsvity 

tim. :b-eisla .%lo* proWfiej,i-d M.*;e. anol wsusnist ln' ner- at Iia- Ieee-a. 4 felat-m Iareejetiie.anoslae ist rsvie~tanmeel the 

ra-t Seub, ii JIM- V364es.M -iU'* 41f 144atwahlsleef pree..stih66e almweejaIaa6aa. wt'itag &I" Ila- pumaiwt. am 

uWe., e.uwth -@A A~s onew" oie.l fhio purfritaehr ,en-resjme that the n1,1464e fewrn' aueto eui4torls Owm Wight oel door 

tiles ateal if tim- v~it~wiie.. vvm :all 2.YINI Ipe,. Ifa:eeeeeaser if&a~tls e -e1ach aim1 e'telttj 'inut ites ae'eslflWVr in llf. 

ssAeh rT-.1141 WeiM' laee-e-e1 eeta :111 31f114w-pte'flesg iersea~cvtiv a. inel ala that ti ~ei~ptmttaiwav. takens 116M 

Twob -"Weasit"~el 

ve'Immiti Je'.12etinaileh* %sitl thes 0nttlm'1iali lon't Itiejee'tsl . 

limp olillrvam I Isa. womoobi in' n 

that fim. rtiodtofee the' 6eej~sh pasfet a~fee'A41 . If thsis 

4 1sfitva' mnainew. %nion 6 itlle w~ith a eseesule' tanaka. an micket mpa~e~iesse 

It ihi emlwamiw~p'al sMOV . imawivdslmssfammsIeek-woee.. uuqd im. theat tieom. etiw amjsgssaw 'wt.i eahatI 

nias'lrial. ,etm-h soe lenviteis aarlieelr. letat ixe eeIm-im'riine. thsat tOwn' ii- nec isaterfe'eeian' with the lteethes. to 

e4.malar ites ,taslas rvi amaeer-pwvrieag jweeje'slitae. a geneaticti thiti net4iett tlhat it Ivm sk h (4as'I etntii oiftste S 

nusarla gn'-ate'? rehawimen eel stiansimet-r i6 peeomeileis thean .'eee-eej' tak. heut a'an'st tim lonerla. feir floor I% A. 

sith a 1te4A -. tilw..Iilmwr gmejeeik'. In livartivee. tOwe OInInnnoe's IDilartnaeatit waitslunwilling tii, itncet'*w the 

eeeimsalilirse poree.imile'.e enoieg tltlni-tim cartiolel haves. chareuaav loett-se~ntlma- ejarv+tila. zanl tiaa'Iwaiflesin theo 

hail e.essi 4slmatho aremisea :a teaionontac-a rlesitio rom'. teratke. tuleivim weesell tlo*re'ethea 11 ffia'ieftas7s. ano 'wed 

it-,r%-%atnmjals. -4- Filvsa'r 11.1 fla set hao es ;mwemlIoic ger else 4,m' ties. ilitiesiaAl 

tis'almis. tI" estaita euWa a port "el thi muskAA~Aaa Witk A tIojid-A1en SLUA ae kV 41esa eel .Ve 

WOW'aelemedelmea 

nwpe't tee .4ahemlty. the ltimginitscife e Diiinsa I'* ifltetoast in thet motbjert 

If a 4*tueneLa wielman~l im+"is'ktl sel a ieeeflieeciar Ili- ko it teIli sa- hem thlat tlu. tne ad cefsirif'ug 

meis' wenasls low umsealtir whs't tins fesum a gcivie's teem' tee sIii*ee'egags thew eselmt was parefetahs' It was 

Smate nwa mos's eel a oaesleest. it mar puoswiloly 1wr enesir momieeeitelse tlmt it wait te.ee liike''s to esteem pedi fltta. 

votambek im b twoo ky ebis 1a **mn nsatiota el pirmosvi. iee 4@1 the traesohwirzoa' hsewa it rooem bar IF' 

the ,im aei l. 1 .4eewte'niea thr lastly eel the larea. Own, feee's'a'e. agplie'si asmiagm the saless oft the, projectiles 

jsit~ih.. mr miss the mwa,. eel teenictesse "Aleifli M~g~I~ 1101e0- w1111141 exam'orate any yaw that Iteppcm'a to IVs pres.. 

jema'ilo..e Isy ntoswingc them fees ferecani. Ioievete'r. the' a'nt wh'am eeepsarmieita imovitorns. lFirings with 20-ýma 

fir.4 w","intisompt a r e'eetot in gfrle'r netanlatioees %hlal- prnejaik'ee s'seeirnts'e thin ltyeeeehv'ein;4 twit later e. 

ther 64n in asm'wteie'tcol 1w the p'ewes'tn. pr'vs'n'a with larw' ralilas's anew Aomvltewe that watt.. 

.%mealmw ja"eeeeuee may tel ime'naaetea list- .SeeleulirelY fad ettaer? ae'.'srae' reeseli lea arbirtaasd with axial neie.,. 

eeae'4 a e'.e ino~aaiem, m6 tim.samen eel ratseaati utsei ;tzsraslls-1 senshr e'rtain c'emaliftiame. 

tee floor riffineg eel the wen. 'Meist msmisueiA estatstl In' roop- 

an droeiss imol i sm'. 

rallyb 2111blitsalvie inl a .al4djm +.lme ih'e'tsh l'l's 

wmol tsi I. smm im d em'ealese feet les. line'. Ileia froorpsi.. 

C~v tn IA Rsc4gXesg 

limitaea its-t* lerli'sie~iew I itrastlls. ia.esm-wea~oenta''I The' emimetes thcat wen- esIs'ee ts* osetriftipa'll's wv-a 

int Iweiding h eethehe'oo leeeeje'ro+4k. aunt c I'.80so'e-mltst maouk's el twins 1jrnmipcl pau'tw: the' esalmot lesatly ansi the 

war stowmokeiermTa."nt'erniaecse'ee to-4 inmel 'almet. 

prseeemifrin& ' katlini W601114 War 11. 1ses1 tm'-ia 

lesase. It ieipps'miw that the eral's nmxasire mule hook 

Is's the Ceepttyesieal Lstmoare'~eatt eiyo l by the 1,niverea 

eftlive'tevoww hams load Ye't lwq%' srsalaeasstil. osily ee New 1mc r."d'A Wne plaet~ie' Islxia'e* animetal 

I hmionvo eel .Aa lietm'a Im'e'teresiliaomw 1,eetsl. Itee IN. tit- lee'.. Ila-' piastie' Imlamst. sheich wan tvsteseanlitoojeet amS 

t441 uteiei's l tns~l fee~tan 7611111138141911-411111ee 

Kieln' 'teewse- tit-It titlist tildetll eels's' the nstill"litwtr prt'lea'stills 

a lwi.'toee 1.12 sae're lpisil'aam'l at tlm. ttaiii.ltie tsle'.wsnms'oraetatiw-loy liemgitsmlinalAlsto. in 4eaatevthat 

Iter-euty I.SlImel~raaea. AN.Imetsm'"lnoIee'ieeg (remensl.'" it etosiemil lee'sak apasri after ther ps'ajeetile k'ft the gemn. 

Ins tho' 251-mnae 'jaa' tMtasiesn 291.3.11 tINs isa's' wan a 

i~ineepets~e iat e 11w iel alnet freest im' I '.eelwýei~' 

%wiw'ro-t. ine tim' 75-eiece -a'Imet,' vtoe'etem 291..2) .an the 

13nit.sae 'm let 91e4e'tieas 211.3.3) time iusa witse a 'stel 

pp+eejresh' rsmeteen'e ties' aitlmate16aeta el ;a eilseeenttiael tinag 'erm'etanl emn thsim 'r a mvioiel ti. 1 helaei r pro~. 

fees','at aleosmt doo' tonme' flat- lavte e'e't ~le.ba'ss' the. ee.esz. jieetile.aseal , ll mahl.Iet e iaa ttnwan imeike" 

st sit elw tim'gen. 'TIers's' etiffemo't d~. e fesee's kavs.r iteeoý- ree'rai*4 1wse' vIs'stat rifaaga fusec. 

CONFI trDFTIAL

WdNaaa . t .aa1I* Wriruhla' fia a.,iaWiiti' a1 Ii~,da Iannl. n Wiuat I gl''ia'ildnr W41 I~ievi a'ill- ty nWW,.e'tfni 

aiI,~ fat';aa~tii n 1w la k d Iit. 5eaaai, aie I la-aa :A'i'rn f heir .'uientoaot :~io. twit Ilia Ia'flf aaieal nl'2naa 

P-,ai-d0 -"-a- $t'riiae 21.12. It. Iia-' Imu.1 ",Is 1ia:u1la ill 

#.inr 'u'ganol til. thait vtfn' w 

iiala lou,- n.',n'nA Go fiat' tin' - t'af n'kia'at' flint inauke' 

1 IN-ia'i'' . j lw~q- In. na P- ring aiiaof mi. tw ts'ata'42fltoo Ii alirarle' flug-no. In cank't lta 

at 16ar i-atauni, nail. toanuan a lnotan'i.'q lainul. T1io, mawkirthwiossyt'4idA me'nuiu~&w mm~ 

ring 1130 *4 .etah otIn-fo~oll 111.1 it ano Inoll..ie' It o prit.. 

oolvfig i tm'. 2ml thiu lIts. na'uvna .lo.of1wIM-lWWeyAwm 

liaswism fiwla4 rkin~gtin'luefv 1 lfaeptW'9rt~pWq ,o 

u'R9 

'almualiatiw lmoqth laring haialitaxu lwifw fii Elving untli 

fro-iwrmnai. ( i ielnat aotta'ng lon,-.nfa' alum-a fluta Inarar ad tin'Stiff. 

A i'rina.u~sluauel~"ill, fleu.-ienohI fit- i ft~a ermurif' lo toua' in ad teaku-l asaatt.ea4teot fir a M'ticea el.-h..J r fiefos 

ttxi nu'I'u4e jani4 n thate'iu. f1: ill' onelnal In'tlmla rienaIliaeg Ilannoadhthe uwna ain l infoo 'ealiwooeain'ilua 

tdrawl ta. lon,%tm this mieulati A it It an .iilimeute~:Ial wil~o noisalu etoilia- nmaln'ailnrt'prtoas'imie'mnolohave ale'tramrf 

(tie OlW 76-111111 pit". we.,ta- 110n,1 .a uutu1AP lwa' tke'. 01-v. tnwiee'I aol, tilln'11r Iaetae''l I~ llunketi fii' ru'aile e'tf the' 

ealn typ- of 4L- ala Laict o atitrflfigil nane'W uea'tM frl.1'. s.l444 fialn- iIte* id( fl-e. pantina aand tha it lattarelw sallw 

In 16.a .intilow.nt.o 1w .enan'l atf titu- naulio at aully vwmr 

luokwist pat In~. a ~nai ri "1 tlte' ni'r thuit 'Aitn jta.. .1 ruing 

navwI lttolfnaittg ring tea lihis Imlia'aliam. r'im t iInl M 

2 I'-aaa W itneeolaalmo j'4 ie. this lianking nie'inn wast 

e'temiegi I., titqaital 4eo% IY In .noruinttegiI alit4 aefte La41 Ite'r :alaalia"Iti tt 4atiaa'Pi wa Mimaie typesW. 

it hWe riortorni theninawz4. iarjkvr. tuitil f41tiully it laritis.' (I( ll liff' tlfi~'t netat~ieiag rings taia'l. tile meant 

an~vk'nele lnswnwu.A !91 r~"Wrfinrotetp Ww . 

votiii- 142- 0110a1114-41 faiatrte ,Ik lttae~a4~uj''' 

M h'l ~7414,1 ak-w-inlna~i itts 144-Iiae V.31. 6 in le. 

vaatrtl"A i Ia hew gu~rUr:1xtu-t "',aaathiveu Axi~al :andl (*an. 

Onfnlin(-e'Iwr s an Pl3 n ol4v*.4 r't olsintu"jnI toa tq"w 

Ialevlit.-' Ih-il(ttlhwv'r ad e-."litiol~el leiww. '1'llio, I pa ad 

n't:1iaingitte'vien. oto~ ftair ra it ote hel V1 1 untid 

44itlha ed -ih'n~ 34IU I rtA"Iti 2.1.331 am[the11 

trifuopaI Ito'e~a'mn' "*ek'asnp..-e, !VW)ua Poalxaa-Imn+i'tite (S~ia''ia 211,134). 

Them.. albbtaug hlis, Swema tow ttism ad iattat. mobs&a 

Irune its anwnid".flonr tm~ijeeile' is a'uwat'aIvly aitite'n'ial 

Ama whew near in'iatmia 4ithrpvnflwa~irjllat m+-ieatre IFarlw'e'!pariantclnoxwithiaalcp.e'tpu'aelnalnriae'1-Itum 

Ivy In'ox,- if Mo'umtgm ,un'u Pao emrntillu it, :1 nPeuae' 6-' Imalast jlev"novinel fiat' .7-itita amra'" "*- e'rr atinturrtwis 

tur'e' 16e n-jr fat. fd ti pflt- tle :1.tel tix- lain'.' ad fial. In-4-a'iett ad( lanc' yaw after~ maeornltntt . %lxit.frw 

the nalnal In sint.' ex.pa-rianu'nlt I" thin peo mtens a'sttp-eqw nsilmotonk'iriap~l (ate 2W iOf-trumn Eta,, 1'4isii 

setem' a4 ila- i on' in4l~atit Kap it.-If. n ittiti .te'nue l t1woparru 

tiaranagh a aseaaaah Wcall- elaila. u flt.. pen-smneti' %-as 

291.11 saailnaleMu aeaee'-ssa~i. 11w vo' n'ert fair this 

aisltea'ru'aau in In4ear: at is load rk'aat' frinit flu- n','tmi. 

nav'a it- eaeuimtaattnt ik:Ia' aaeal in oaiooI,' .p~ituwl~ 

it was 4alihatinu'lla the'- f 'ilan'14ieatt 4ad 2,ieta ll duuttgt' ad 1111K 

MaIrk iwana'a-i' li4:11-14 ill 16e ýJxlnt- 111tti irutit#1toyi~ th 1 eaeetu 

XAADCETIIl t 1. I& 

XLie,(:Nnra. t:LU 

poatmh'r pa'a4n. Na'utfxr ad tlin-at' tn'ctltaals %%:tn frie'aI 

e'-t4'tsind l ea,'i l. fil't~a'lt. pra-i'lliata fiaaa' ~ln Wa4n' it"ft 

n'titme 1Y 'a (ofenla i-'tu antjme''i' 

ln' lin'alI itrunagit a tvtaaeuie' ltat'kA' Ppnatlt~~i nt axn't'tt 

lto 

'l 

I~uata~ag.li.'ltnj~I t,, t~teiaaLI ,'a .ar ie~a'uuae ia' lat I , taw. ap'." r'im. axial dalt rious'eae'a tug' leaw 

1nasatotooai a-e tin'a lir,'I tia~ln adf t~i~ail n't+a'mne pilmato plte~ta ad lite nalad hItoewe nu 'iv twrtt'u i h n''e'rt to 

nnlieaa 3t 31pi 2 Ina irl. siat.'- titit.' raeia' 4a'tgtaliv atia% . io- Ita fit- NaKtloo i nie. hiatalt ienX itaaeia' ad .a I'Kltt.'ea af l'ight 

facin, %anv -tall.. ui ata'u.i Inater aTairtn %can' .atemau'fidaa. :aiiu.Y 'hue',n' navuui'n~.ast' tw6ial itulovIieur laae'aanl e'taai 

thist aa I: tip at %ailial wetla I,* tha.aria'e ftare ln'r ar monsa tt.hat :a I nwarnk'I1 Iaatil ad ,'AeI. %hiitialtas a.. Aruimg 

attin~. It Ar:ln 11,4e1 'a'u',atin ji .natiasila~a tim naiti It ea1tulltt I oot a -6 fi. nis' 111tt rifaapail Ihreiw taat ii Iii. n'er 

tin' la-d~aniail adf 3%ill MUM-4-a iat :1 'i11-1i tleiAVIiIl itt aia0, 4 ilia' Maegitlatal. warn' rak'-er,4'a. 'flaMi, tite' UJLAet 

V~ana-6ti I I. a i s Iatin' haiiida~ (;-I naaa toi-let'' :atelI. 17 ifarual Iliat tminuiArIiin is'artt .t 't uce 

Innoraneka aitnno. anavtteaira lay% auuaitaaiticl fiam.' liise' lit.' Innarn-k'I 

Ionntil. 

inIIn- tean tia'. 

~ 

Ii i.Lb~iSW Wit IsaI hii., la~ia'-1 ;at.. I lea' itait i~aI lian'luita~ thesal~a . al 

m 

ad ntloawa. jitas a Ii'eilvnih In' -altua 

a'Isia. aln'uhin vaijulh ta- %-e-r yitmapaalant. As in 

lanna"I.l amit ill 'A't i~aat 29.3~.31. 76111ta1 pa.404 aj'a tt' u:11it

Arrunalint ite I'llive'.ir,41y) Xe~w 1Me'sint deele-elpvu sa'- nate'mI~elala avin Mieettrient Nten-ieth too lfar eaql for 

formned onti-fartewil u he-ts tin-el at .Aleelerie"a l'mrwiag peelsets. aleeet leesinfir macilt' eethj iueeld tel p&lu-wtihavp 

iMO40 *i.,t,. 0imapt atl 'alss fien-e at .1iherdiri- Offter anunuefaetasure- 4tee lat nip del o-in n dceta claim v of 

failed, in mnew e-sevfi hrra-tkmng "V, hnI wlepleee. 71w Ow uplisstw Iwk pto .0-1 AfferexpeaeceletahIn 

only- eliffe-n-n in the- de~e'il 40( the' two liteo WOO the' atmece-plme-ee, howe-re', the lhestiree wed.. far 73-aa 

vediuaetjtatiom of a prie-r ,.prinag tof Aie-Imly ewcehleI ,aiani, 

aime ftw a uctpilt ieterl' raing thnnuieh'e to Ihe- -exterior tof 

andme IllS-tmi sotea-Imeje'et~ilt-e owe-Ile-e to 04 

tent Oeal thse receanevt meaM net lie firced.0 

an cl. 

the Iat. porke. 1ae Ppinic which w asa -aem womme TreAts wem made- at the' Govilphy"'u lahut arv 

type' of fucking am.ageme-otb. tepparettk permittred ofa woumlir eeod nel~naeic pautcipw shit 

Mpairstieem ef th. poetas at he time' at leuading ef the filwte or paper fi~nain petpamalewy to pipping them (Me 

etart of trare-1. witle e-eitnepwatt lcswck-,up of the' pn.- dane- 20-mn' eceluecte. Ri~peserre (p 3 morthit to vsot-wite' 

in the lusc-. Itli% ritet,- is( failure' winsr met e- tm-te-sv 4el humidtity tt117 aned IKM) at a tcmpequtuaw 

onard atel. the' tinwe.A" lce-eauce- 41f ecdaer eteselet4feeli IN (1 F e-411100e1 linm-r elime-nucmeal e-hangc-s of about 

factorse that .ealace'elamtly were better u ,tnek-ttcteacel :t 013 pre cent. Fur a !P-tm ceaeult t hi weudd tomeqautn 

itsoa eluntag in diam Ker of t 0.01 in.. wtirls is 

"04 N a 'terials, few Sabot Coetetniction larger thanit he teolerance' permitted. T7he Ailing 

taeaurat-k# guenticwene in Pvewtiu 29.3.1 might be a 

AUl the' esie-evrousfad ereelp of aweittn-ealilirr pm.. 

Jortite.; ($.ek *rtion 29.3a have' noem 

mrsns eit allowing feoe eceae a Chsaug en tlsaie 

t Nicol lposee (4w 

the cecabeats. In aeddition otMe wao eupeee for the' entire 

F.ipeaime'ntal all-plastie' AMIhetee4 ofarioupedmdasiv 

we-re' tin re-el na both a 57-mmand.~ a Motun gus. 

vcalust of the reapt4epe eteelecpeel few the' 11-mmu ga. MucI ofl theim were machinedl and threaded an the 

as dticcniheet in Section 2V.3.4. Thi6 

boo a very lup rteeel weetpigt eel Peeewalifia- privejeetile' 

oulu-rueesle 

eewalitacr prr*niele'. lout a few of them were toolded 

diem-tir em it. Thw wcAmLt wpm erratic, maly a few 

to that of the entire prue-4it 4ove Tahkle 1. ltý 367). It roindon Waing Am"ere seisfaetri-r flpli.' A asied 

wuckld vivem. the',e'lwir. that anue-te'nrive re--'aluatiom exeaminationl of the wrrhs Lu W to the emdaidusoe 

41 tb-sign (se-om e nre eewrr t luefeatitrutnfileecretain 

thataonai-tAvel anlw maeutsle ndaslight aehmes.4 

eother mate-wiale'. 

that "it appeste improleea h agit these D1*vinaed] 

plneetire' are' stroneg enouegh to lbe used in all-jhastie 

,eheats, fer pin..A&tah viflh projeertile', to be fimd from 

pitiect clay guns"M 

11011h Dearsi 

LObturatiom 

~ntalemnne 8lbert 1111 

1 IN~eea-tal AVOWmevqum 

atlcn' Ilhave' hern upede ote-wreeeeltll few thee The' c-.Arica sae- ined during the dee-ciqauMet"O 

hoeiy 41.svalaet-fiptej-etile in Ihe 74.-mm sise'. Duraul at maot-ptnjerlike for the 9O-mm gun, At I.A2 (Sations 

Wass also twed fuar the loase 41( the ceahea few 201-mm 2134) confirmedtheefrirre'xp.41en#othe Mjt" 

projectiles. inmtheele'veopment d(&aIAlai feerthe 6ipoeauna Jam'" 

The'asilo aleam ftuel e-reeled I w heat peemlter gaeese-, that effecttive olaturatices is -.-Iv important in ptael 

therefore it is eeeee-nial that stereming eel the muting the tbeset at-rouera. If parts of the salnt sam 

powder Xam- over the-rn he' peere-uteet bv pruper uIva- made of DIme-al or D~uwncal. 4Uttration is shor - 

tue-utioa. Fuertheramoree. these allolvs eec nma eetn-ma 

awl hared enouzegha to eNeiAe e'ngraving at th- leseare'le-t. 

tint to prevnt p*e.watehing of thesee parts with coir- 

peteluent failure' 41 the Proje~ctile' in the bore,. 

Tu prrvent it, oneeatoet eU tuwue ailears aae1'I tit havesit 

e Iauaerrle'-t Iceaund. site-h nce itse-e with the 711-mm 

pnejt-e-ile-s Je-e-iea 29.3,11.0 u-8 Sk~OT-PROiICTlLES DlFV1LOPlED 

ByT DIVISMON I 

WU Sabot -Pe-ojee tiles foer 2 0-naen (;on 

An irt-ueeininatieee it( t~pr aret4%-rtie-s 4c 111:0t1-6:1l.A 4l he- final ele-egn of .-aleeot-projorctile devdccped by 

e-ciemfleteiicn Ic-el tee a1ee-eeeew ee~ in 19131 thate ew- tlurf ;e-4qhv~s'_i aI ~laearniteye in te'e.ts With the 2flnm 

gunir-t Ia-inclcwe-t Iing plhw ir. 4-n-I Ii- 011eelY tit eiama-talle Ifi ti1pealu-Aeiva pan WON oflee' 1 e-rifeega aeIPWe'a-tveje 

CONVIIDlENrIAL

:'t4%% T -**"I tjVAMU;1I.) 1*1V V.1.11011MS 01 fal lo'ling's 

~s.--te.e~ ~ 11u- *l gcolwoocclY. .1ir toleich wzc.ion ric~i outs fiingflfllh-,ce 11 vids go-ec6cr 1114 llcat Mow `W -f $ 

lit tc 11W Il N . 111OtN in.i-04 :.4 1 i.' I het-cl luai-. T lt'guc riociw' %in arisorI~O thatLI Uisk- Olwn-9 Weis 

I~k4e-aits VIIUWan %."cIo all I-eU una aecicile.-r IIIee-wfog jlijetcip. 6-4ce too he,1 Ww-tlwiilo-rIn~ti-Ytill-itiW 

p-~sep-rIohcil i-r ld~essto ci"mcw&ru ill-c pw0. fkI~wm. w h a w 9Ia ) 

2 

Imoislo. In .inuellw-t l-t,. d1wog. lmijl- u4r,11mt.e incj.loe 46caPimo onoVUtt *aeeL-~ee 

-44e14. A Plrcias je-caltere- 1e-M w.- lmj--ila-ceih At:L-foos lw tIii n siflegot Ig~ltim i 411110-9 floo tIe.- pal"d Imeuehi 

Ohl~ilig IMMeenIM-14l. a-beiCh %sow fasaivui lam Ite- ew,"-.-rctnl ie 

a-,-trmi-y. In I itio~rf' %.- scls. ~i hi,.l los-e- 441 h 4i- 10i. 

stew e-~lma-ew fog e4i9f-ttiM t t4I111' 4 si 

'flu-n-ue 11meu Ie himejeton+ "1 Al"Wisissori 

litttitvekty 

e.WPe. IWA le t 11 a3rvoec-tuo-tel Itoovi, it in Figoter 4 lew fli Othe 

Ishoe-Ic dirt reigffle vogche-r !!:!!I......a It- dv(krie.e. 

lhe-ý- .1ýleosig peie -rfiaeriew n-ciwoeeecclek a-1-l a-lw,, flre-l 

Piue*cglr,.el. A ,,ezfcelm it al.Ifi-cwtinl (,' ' 

a-ash the tecae%.te-h t-nriide,.o emor. ls ,ilm o~ e4liar 

liee-o rivotel~A wita. cilcwol 11) mwr 4-vI an-cetler Ouin felnt 

eal mtstivijLA :uitmitllteeitets linAi I r-ol edoor. "ntlc gaen. 

1110- twiogenal 44- lieata1r cflp hi rt,-ilimirbl lcal lu-ott tee o/l 

w-.g-eait cai 4a-evaiu haccta'tl 

e4 iase flu. tSIMI 14131:1A~ it tee ljritrg- a-alille-r goaato (4ow ieor 

alpniof el icnk,. Arttorgimiccgl'e thi^ al:-4itgx a-nc ita~eale-ol 

tel aeaet oe a slo ith islirli fog fini- tie. 37-mm n, . jlprecjw. 

liii-. M81 fnaatt s 3-sewi, join. Tl...-capelpeoj'rs- 

w~~ gcs~iviola irioage aft AI-vnkvlog I'roloiri" (kuaim Sts, oA-as 4. Swostlg a uibt i&e.M164 h1 with 

baell klcnsetcebtrate Hoc- fc-cigileql4if atlitsjtlhi. Anoiteiw 

selaputi-btiam c lw- 2M-mniu flo-'iptn a-nws--ol fe tow floo ind 

ele-wen ix4 a 1415-mineecaewltcjri with a 

a ao.lmct~ ferw 

75mmC . ndIniils 

peelaralilorr 1waet P.lartsuull galgte -fw9 eor-y ltee 

%4-m- Jotuiule~l ine prc-l~ieesnuiv iccr~ ca! .Uaelois 11w. (oc~eeo-i-elw 

the t- 7 urn, tork loveu. !l,M 

l'r"wcng Growanl M~ust wre-n elf theor. eyariftwzl-rsui MWp (:4cv~i 

Art autemnpt wa-a mAgIrIf th-o d-~leipe al-eg eat 21)-mew Z1.2.11stciii, apleir lv-jeIr that woo a plewi-fit asti the 

wa-~crll-that e-iwlM Into nuneutcfcc-leeml loy ncaw e~giso-oila%. piiircue--t. 11w livuar of thW pahmt wai a 

I"Irtlotieifl nootleuo. fert ig --. ow II ol 44.intt r al 2-rusce cted- ring wrnwe-el it, the finie u(. the eagulceieliw Pro-. 

Iliopautup-Sumej gon. flee' '.igseecilw-cr Pejef-file- was the- Jon ~ihr lluecae p"1je-elie-i Wornt ele-vw4qapMI bev the 17n1lS-nhm 

*cIM cumii few ther .l~rC)aieeacles tien, ve-rvtyid X4 N-ur 314 ieu-ahti feAlling pr-4tmiutrmy 

uaneli-I, ilo-vir-liq-tuna-nt 1) % Fr-cnkfionl Ar~a-gnal. Fur Ihe- e-~ptrinw-utiowith eealso(15-lisr-rtl" 

poke id sint plif .o ing tieraundica-leen- ~ 

is( tIgr- pluiir 1-6wwanulev gun (emhllr.- V7 mm). 

lire-l fWown a 'Ner- 

,eslotA IceJ v t~ie A.eiding lewearre-Ii wit,. umc-o. It wags twet TIle- rows, .4t Meule 2&731), shnW" nt Figure &. a-a 

peaw-alal- ies etteall the- plzco-lir 101g,-ait wil a peagenl entoorwKh & ,.ligltllr rmuclifee-ol 57-num AMt' pruie-fil1p. NSIPA 

techcrinro. anal li~-IiIl id % tiA r~e-ita-ruvl4~ in fIltieglie. I r %K~ii 7 IllA . .% itU therow prne--ile-"wla-w framl -31 

Dilercl lQ'ice-i- te10-1 .1094 logoilae-o. Net-ertlwle-k, it ,sosa~ll Ahan-le-c-n l'a-evcitg Giresiee' a- t a moutsk- '-lototy of 

).A -if the'. wa-lee Itulewl V:*lpt we-n- lmta~ almtot 2XVII'llgaroeeptmeorv with 2,t~lnffp4 ftwthe*failfewr 

pre'timtinary tiringt te-t`ýe cc1 Alwm-rlp.1 Isroeiair .1 eItl 71-omarn APV iweerortih-. 3161. Allthecogh the var- 

CnrAttogl tee le-te'ntmca f1w- tolleoow lieelli.ahie. !' .4-uorisv of cocci1 1911l1e-rfml.-irrt~eo-, .A4 panfee-nci woer ,21tt6tier-i- 

ice.1vlh Ida- cc. fill lueliatene lehotaI4 lisp farteivr, thwotete 'c~ir-or~l that*I t that time 

- -- -- - Iisat ;o1r tho XwmNaentelr ievciv-i~ont the-re w~sio noi 

* la-i pt-.ý iike .- a 1-6. tiad-ticale oic few thigs lreajetih. (ow the M-oving Oln, 

-tc,I ethal *aat-O".- .\e.th t'toe. MI Soivs .. lee- e-oplipfitoi cisith 711-e1tcoe gutta hmciinx a "tussl~,e 

.hIAA ve-hoee-elid almoset 2.11%) (pea few 2 13-1ie Igsrvojftik-."e 

- -- - -.. - -A

A uoi.tam;'Worsvot low WWis %lo the Ww la. "-~a 

jtarro. Al1A1 f ni.3.~t', Inftnoy tw wrm 

pwas. tarwaniji a uwask-lonIike iuith ovotly a .Iight clIear- 

anso. 

mualh' at A14-ttlowt l'rsaitial (r.swol ijah 4.148 1911 wail t swl" *wise a pautipv file Intter "~iiiilWnit. the ck-. 

isa~l arltrymn raisahu. A aunamali'a it( o .a atmajeatsilrx '4ta. flimally thaV444el 1asga thst Unisainc."Ir ad Xew Ale~x. 

wo etrunwwnis-41tsp lho. .~Aaasm'ml 1lamarol. lasn lussec. iris.- widchl is, Flamni ina lktiw 0;. 4uiiiplosyro the 

rowtaa~ 14-A tawi niag aiasrisaau *it It mAnsislani non. sk-lnayrol eaat(.g linaorae slwkv.' at (las.endtu E 

mullaitjawa. liv that littl it hiauil tvin lenrusoil thati :4"itiua 211.2A.. 11wv sar w~ait a loaxt-t aiierhmsok- 4o 

hauu ,aws.itqif (risen v.Muaumn' lot a loaimaiol alindwigoolurv. fuao1w lit 7-proonulov Op0 (rnlilsir: 3 in.). Ditersolina. 

uau~tuu3sauiiaian~aai aPlsaaM ath,aawl. It almshaiml Igaaao(~l. te .~tarnuff 

4d fliglal woe oail satak 

grovionil 1w the- "wihaa 

th1 lt awf.i'molcrvan lie trw 

fite Nvor .11w Mairos pon-inag 

sd ooracwt phom-toarapln 4 WarilwiIo ivn Asti~osw 9A11 

' fke. 

A firastlt W4 thtwiw provionrt its-. XIDm-gt.3-74irl)l was 

lived tat .Uwruts-i-q l'roitiaag (ruammI 'aiIaat imst 

* Q ) r) ~ 

aaetriaaatuy 

X-ray PstmctAlart- W made 4of E'iW dome O dfl to 

uualuok liar rarparuuic si adhorsoulad taisan Ifrtltiaigillwr 

Imimrjili.. T11w desiuga watt mseiped4 in a aulgaiber of 

vaimw detailis. file oiost impowtbee if which. wall the 

so(~ii~n da AMat retaining afrng l~tkeat 21=2i 

Isira lDuvoetAA OWr. vh~v~qbv4 1WO464Pg 434"1 

wpm aitto fired at Alxenkve l~uving ;rosaand with 

resulto.11" 

$eduaeqtently the Rormingium Arvast~lmpany noditled 

the esksign in an attemapt to olm-olop a model 

Faw. I ~..a.Id~tewptI~'.,ll~&J 45t, sitable, fru masom pductita..'-' As mentioned in 

with phass. Mims 6.1.l snu t .4"4a Minae low rat. ,tma Sc~tHio 29.3., this model uwhm tinse at .Ueealeeu 

-wena. eynivawnaa. Mmlanhe. 11w nt-umir isa s on Proving Corrnsavl"o (where it wap4e.ýipated *713-mm, 

urn seapait hum w iuah t'ies IE od Xo '"onma T2W) failed in the bus.r, preounmaly 'icause theo 

('Umtrn OKmoooa) 

gatrspring that had been suh.tuted for the Stee 

retaining ring did not h-i lithe prta topther at the 

swelled to um 

0. 

4 1h an extehnt tilat it retlid mei Ior luoadedl beginning of travel. Alehueigh a number of Amseuriernw 

im the pan Drawings were made uida mollified i"W&p~ niudhllfcations were tired at Aberdev% Proving 

im which lojt Alsor wteju be anbetituted for the Cprougntlm2 in notle aL them wait this fault eurorreted, 

plastiic.0 but threw projectilen %tere not ortmoacnted. iwni c.11 were, erratic in their behavior 

Previsoeely an entirely diffirent type td all-asotal An entirely ififferent tkwaiga 1-t-64&R2) was tried 

'&mmsn.ialotst-pruiertile aiting the 57-nan projertile, 

NMSIX for the ,slinatilaer part find Iwfen mack, for 1iv. 

latr."' Althamighi it was piterned after the lante 

deaiggaa "Co o J-mdeep-etip ea26"~ tSertion 293.4), it 

W~on I loy the If.d"I Whcet Comupany andl i lie raiecralst 

hadt licen tirred at .Uskerkn Prr.,infc (;naim.and 1'he 

waso inaccurate. Thec wr.wmj wao u aol4etra' ned. 

teat WaS in 

was made. 

tWh:Vae :and no (stllit'r lkle"1"letinc1t VIA. Sabit -Projectileas for 901mm Gun 

SkL2 alot.1roj~tilt4 

flU abt.'rnjctuI'ifor 

Ile exarsiena gAined widh the 76-mm paadtat. 

7 , 6 *."nn s;un lWioarmil (SmvtauE 29.3.3) w-*w lot Ii til th ie'it4. 

loavmu'nt adf a faut-qoeis.r the fIt)-nin Ilan. 

Whorn the Axany t hilosaittv I-li~utaintnwt na~aaa-sa 'i l N ~A2. %is"a alsait namril a nantane lornke. 11e first 

tDiviea' I totvlut tuu-'mett latiiat'ansa-ho prusjirtil, mmwrirtnwtl by the Remningtotn Arma 

rarbiei'.1sv (~rlo ist-11 76-111i1a '01a. Ml.2. it Was; dti. (uSalaatany",flrrn a ("igo perpaWee [IV the Iniver. 

cios-I too', snaiw tthe aalui an saltv-atwal -one.. *I.. oloim ?itad 4#v New 'aaNle- wa.U ,4milar to the lattlers

sub~inou~ukECTzIty.1 I)LVFtAII't.I) al t)IiV~ISICI I 

786-nint jnrnvrlih. ,ill-"lilm. its On- jmn-viumn. .wlkmit, lout Il-w %a tjilW lit fifir ladI~ t fwei 0Owk 111104fib 

in 11-al it kuilli a "vnanttA .~I. :lmli~ 6.1 v Denwt:l. ).,n 

Ios-Gm. I11w vl... 4- -of Ioiimin. T1Mia Wdoif.UUwe 

'r.# it aa.~ luti~ I ea nqawlur iiii aa. r. I,*i1, io,n4llaf.liu(tih n j .AI 4,o a 

twoewo' 'a -"v%-9 4 .lhaa ia volleols k q.a&.4ii wzr, zafiinaIti too .aawqvn finiturais 

a~rm th-ictvtttr no :the1 -Wt-tnan T-?2.1as Tiw *4ofhiu A-40n: 

t1w mitamenasi od i*.t 1 malmoi fnvin tIN. - islt 4441 Itoavoo~ .amy Itl~kifoiwY lo-s"Ie .uwbi in ii.. 

Ionm+Tik int tiw. Iulr at ti". luImiiaKunn .4f tnare'. ana laor'. 

"Ia Itaain-1i m at~i ml. itt tIla 1lenmimsggloon 716111M 2. Ali444-0iiiv nil lir4loostdal tor lwor r~2 

An ,iatin-l M 

qu~. 

" tff rt*-, tof .4 m.)ut (Ow ol .pup 

got losolh-r Woowa lsaa~ dr .almuio at thr lous..mamt ad 

Iy4 raLwh k wijijt hae n' 1u,4 OAm dor" 4 w wekviqw 

eh1a-oilm.l ain Sdt~ito* 29.1A nit. noiwn ,kil-vo-tlo 

I.., Ilp It. nate ln* ir I(o.mamientingi Arni. 001 Ai" t taint 

tis11w4fl4 % lmWur It"wic V, naiitda htairr 1 iObn# AI 

lwilaellik nil, int(. hum' "titl ' Ilm. za'd' nf Il. 6w. 

then fiinng, %4*f cr mmml gait lit A.sIwnlitr l'nmiing 31. A~ Jkmlr n inalmfl' inin nct~ifsqg lowliohad atle- 

(;nunanl.I! %liviclw tiwro'gmjmtslm. wawt~nr t~tn qpltt ..tnisgi MXliti .jn1wPmnsrik'. tl., fit cuualnl IoP 

munw I Pit. Camw(mp. N. V. Ilip lihaul talisk-1 in a W40M pin Itaiwt.) 

11w, finni .lraIg tU"1i hl3a. sinyw. in Filaiww 4. *no. onio,utoot-imm' sijmtviikew fiarnliml, attachtil 

464 mr~k-mor tuz~r r~riain-4 n uicvohonth ig houling ianti dunngthle twoirnainingo .tmrel' And 

Utchen"" ..Iaaihl ala i..uv onate~m to Fiviprw 1. whic-h 6 lo lamis aWaa inotunrrtl that fuall ..pnn was isqputlctoIt*v 

a sorlirmatac nlmwnlaistaaio ul thiiic. kecuga. (In the .cmslwahilivi portajn~m'le. 

hmnoit d a iagkshmM A" of njuntm. (nine a smw prun, &. Tlwmihlalrmlwaring(whichwuiitdtetIbff 

th6. w- 1w forte 1wmad mar.sulf 

umy Aw mlevtijpct b~ LDi-iaWum 1. Thin 

4A to tim. evirtew ut Xarity I in VAJSIjtat1 wi th 

Rcr ie o&c.~ hewn It riwo% sinmbeim .. twimcitv of the wAmb. 

whieh had a :nusairkc rlityof 3.383 (p.. .t nik with. fthilwirpnujcmrtik. with roopewI to the elsietk and he 

in a wetanger .3 ie iandO0.3it high at 1.000)-ti. with repqxq to the lzis u(the Xa. 

Thiswintracir mc. cpmintiallior the imaim. so that toltained (L UWhe ccm'paaation did wnctar. couitienbW ekleswith 

vtandard00M VO ansi mm nitiors. A .ervctalining mane n-^dited front only J% in. o nAd tmir trittios 

wauW (g048R541 o-t raw amb i top with an &.1% raw, ulmug ah xis; and horme theme was so appWcibi 

maut marAh htsye-a n-sonfuga* vclc. MTi, fltjpr two. mwqars,.-u* in '.tC Itepina N.. -%44t. 

CONFIDEPWTAL

I Notnag ti. 111- th',il Mm mna l geeerowl jin ei el Ii. IN-mrukvme. Inetue. 

O'XV mmmes.J.04 W1 VV4immaa 116M6111,e A*e *a~~mL a Till two$~~mm.r.j'~ii. .!t ,e.Ilo-de Ot the Iellkvare 

leil i lirw'eai.-Iem Mr'ng eineoie'.A.1a mpa e.emf lt.at om"cI pi~v4 New Mv. 016fe tfjeIemitowiwo Welmr etloee. 

eto the- pnia. ie t vernste lbusii- le4e maake.- n~nu-ia p-u.,eI th'v5ml an ilimrmle ritio fly ill time. Mmalkr,,h)N 

tttWmu few tlit. 4'eteteliplmeem 31ini1 lomaaemeoteev tm.eneeleIte in eeril. Out- wax thor .17-goua AI'(' tereejetliie 

jwRIm~im' tlw'im- mlic.irile-e no at aate ee 2.11, aI et eyt.U4 el4tife- eitatle Wa,. time 31411 ilK e.u-11, 1142A Fur 

theop (twelve, it wooei eeqmimeena o.9ele'genminjmm tlip ,etavil~ity 

(atmit. ma~iutvthe..e'qeuiemntatl acme-ftheme! eamenatli in 

Sus~es floo ii.. BelirMme mme LaImormiowv. .Uwenk on 

Notming Cnouatce."T envol then ite oeiawten time pine1. 

4"1ee tea the lmeeavlik. in unlo~v its immermist thr ept alvi. 

fly fartmerwtoo 0 v watl.5 ufM" K 

limr msallna tumice few tif-Aw Immjeortile-e wasm emiviljir its 

flaet mlf dier 7J3.a"ua Me1c40M V-705) (FimaerkeS. heath 

does~ All premjeWriie-ve t1emek4 2.11)51I ana.!tie ilK H pna 

I tp.Jiaitiltmee t Malkel 3-10.1311 we're tune! at Aiwr-pehmn form-- 

k i ;n4mmwe with saelip.leaerterwvmeeeehae."'Tlwu aleemet 

,~ e~J/~14NI eat eatel type w, P.rot too time lmnhantr 1Mean. 

I * 

j I; 

I 

Foot Ile-nitang. (haergim. 1mw '.efiie ntvaw etflr temetme. 

~amw elmifficethr waxi ateemmmhtelvei iets teauseine the pm. 

jewtil.w llm the. pina Iretm" . eif aewelhinjg 41(fix themvaetmc 

*~ ~ W - 

immutere "I mntoy im~ m ~a ethfiti thu pwtabmewi 

himeL The aemitmeolv %ere' ,elipeta4iwi%. einrp that the 

pm .mbp Stwaim effmme4. SNiW All retimmdoa wwI" 0"16 

lie! frem, liar hreraiee hembritprr. A12 Ot Ith Icoada ead 

- 

alliirtwteaeptoonoeitwevie'l theat tlectwas rineferthet 

ioaemre i at the- 11401M acmelmoclImijimeliih that utace the 

Viau. IflK ahell fewits viaiwemilimerr jmmje'mtilr. Thaw waim 

mm inteeea lm theloo mPeelo~miemtsmc et light aflluy few 

Ib fa 6 0 11111tf 

naine per-rauqiel the wraihlalvi. taeihlifictm. 

all (XNCLUSION4 

ruru 7. ms-m t 4 -fie IN 0Ar m11,4 

W"W-Mitt. wek ~u4, j~ustm Spmee.4 isub~ne NOClw. 

TIUs inite4iliatitif let 

1NteimilbC1 xrimr with a 

f~mmdjtj~tlye MwD1il"i 

milk- va atyo 

towi Not A-464. eim..stgja. Whunatym thime Sim! pnriieamcafr hate bvee" n.. 

xgnW lere 1w umlnauwe xfxv'erwtv& aim enpcqetifiatmle. the.-mo 

as Sabotm-Proje~ctilero for IOS-meu vperimwa~tswn ha~e. .ieeumevaltem the gmnt ptemettiai 

llowitlaey um,$taheeillc ueFeteajeeetl~e Aithementih rmae e1f 

theta nwlmeuei time fineal *113jo eel tt-e tanelee rtwoorhmal 

lior itM-runtlme tiitwi. M13 ism, flght wigims werapmeee eemumlitjaapu. slmewr ha*. Iwos xi oelain~e ite a werelth eel 

dimeleopeeI few time. us~e d. ;barIeewga trimecee. Orininaerik leamei eleot.n tlam~. lime ebutoae -ling oreorhonde nt tifnm eI th 

it fiorit, a .1311 HEt hel1l at a nezzcuip eewt mint l.gIr *2 eeak hmav- loov"a a~monntriarol in thinoiam hpter; in ael. 

fpeearbeLim-~meinor tonilbrrancoreh..jnl.Ih jose tje-a 

a s~mma~mj~~iie 

.eelaueml tit eafier an eqamitmooroity, itsn 

Iwmweaerso ab meopirrato-fr hich-iih. otmwjty.%I s! helf 1mW the 

eaviOlt&.e fi 

4 

er qmi v1~ela.i etam mA 

14c. de.rt I@..Mm Nmaetme.= 

Et)I'il'-NTAL

.I1~~s u'K 

n~~~~~~~j.. 

,T.& S.''wla. gqnrnli.NII 

msnlN. -a. 

CM9A:M 

-he 841122WI 

LONGscat To Seal"4 sal 

A 1 

~ ~ ~ inpah.~.h ~ ~ ~ V~IS2 ~ &N eh1n. DAMSfig25.,1.S ~lb .m. .w.f*uin bw. 

.ljti" Isn whi.4 Ithaw nr away wr~Am~ drsaitlo is life, 

crlal prlpws ritc.I. 

its Ilo* olinwotnuimemn 4liw pn~js~vihro from Itarpi-qwo 

proiruhatw . Owu #4 the ,4ii.f 5mwepqew id the. pika. 

7iv rhas vrni~A~iro .4( Oft. fiusaloSiga~g .4 gailmoe. 

ti..toirilfta s iliffiwirr isA-A.. which ltuvu I..'. olii. 

plians iqu-ntiamins pI'laneo Gt, th.' t10-~mos ou.liu.pru.. 

jit.1ilovwasstoomaake oainiaiIohia opinatttid-,4pnjertillottioimomrdi 

in .4..ti.no 20A. san. laueuu in Taull. tic. Tni. In-of 

:1arrurar "2 wiadi..ui'.l ailh lW 14).111"1 .i@o. Xcosnsi4 

tIm..,.. liev+"wil.... wato vwtni4rtsrtiqI atitl linnim in ,iffiti. 

ru~liv lurao* ytanisfia.ii. t-L-i-o-mnaiu how "omw u-ititholi 

Iv. alt.' viarinitiun i,. piwrfitrmiamm raouti-ql Is vamri:lijims. 

(tor oosru trA.iT..lip paut.*... id Ils wtwk %-ao i. t camried 

voiii 1--q. tote .4oIN Ski. .hhloilizutjimmI od14414it). 

Kau4, tof file' prjis+Miji. thl.%isnj lii~t,.mI in TnIlki I INN 

ostin.r. moor feniti"~ slsat jimovitrth f.h'i~wv lu 

Sb.' ih-layroI .TtrifmWpl n-leawi. mto-wrhai,qms it the 

C.Jý Milaab 73 74 NO IsO SWl 

"- 4ui.rS,v livertm. 1iN* S .17 .1" ull ~ 57 70 

(.M IIA4 ,... 13 37imml 30LI 43A. 37 11=1M 70 (114TRAll 

OCuvwoosirqi A4 14 we we Il 6 

Pn.piinfr mm.b4 Oh 11117311 3.7uE315 io.M.413 ,.SoW 3-Mis 

Tvivof 4pa-v C V .64 A C C' 

liCloimimd ýi.Sr*mj I.o SI47 Ila1 3.77 too 7= 2.7 

T.u.e, Pwk. .ilbs 152117 PLA TV? MID 11.1 1&11 

Wrwhf rut". 4171 fA4 01.72 0.44 Oils CIA 

%S,.uh "t-d..-tu 1 ., X3.10 2AW 3.1.1 .14141 2.1mW 1.140 

..... ((I...S 1.. 2.,135 2.03 tflun LIMA1 1.021 1.02 

W. min .,S 0.319 14.1 I.14 24.11 31011 33AB 

I 1,wSw gimW 1 1.40 0.1U111 2&.~VI 42.511 36"11 01)(1111 23.0 

SiNWj..wM~ir m4. 41 , lID tons, 2n t32 60228 IMG 225 

CO)NFIDE~NTIAL

Td.Immn Pneje.tiie. i( u,-.. in ciprjuwtfiemn %with a gsto rined, it *tInIIbe wapiti wh~ile Itsemelegwwutwqe fm*KAtui 

oksoratew I>siwh a was. st.4'd later in t he 9IU-nom pro. oil the oaie 4of plaiotirm in NIINIOPI. I'trhliao the A.I~R1am 

pWIf~ ansi axhramte "WMS tuo hoolol top, part*. to. Iwaarnf mw 41 1W 2"Imns prjerlihe a.IN" $sp Lewig 

pthMo. MLtdit Ime V4rv e&rt~ie (Wa PueaWtsU.V tha 2847513 wumaoaLLa~me O) 

the aWwamY 41 "ii tyi's 

MWJ to roo thwngh a wmuuls- Iwae. Tw onvpnuj 0%~ 111"O Ihefgftowt'E ~h~~ 

thai do, nut ncIrm to pooot through aimoil ennu. Ira. the of a samnpr.ain ~ wnpeted, it ine1 ahvbkmu to keep 

vimpl Design 2S-751) with tight alloy a.bu4itutotnl fear teh weightlee #1w' athe nt top a mssinimum. By Pmakig 

* plaotic in the .ialpt bodyv should 1* emtatnori'y. c-.* namrofthe tutal cirriene with whoofpnzocikmfie that 

PereialF if =n osunituras, isatded. is mmw availAP.e it Aeustokl hie -wwoIe . ewl~ 

If at tme fnin thw I'otioerea plaoswes eivoolrspnl elemwim by whirb this can has mcommplimoesae without 

de~ has not Amasftimm AahWAYe Sfthe. W ONam sgi& mfiWsb.T 46 Pssfmmew 

CONFIDENTIAL 

Ah AM 

AL

Usa 1 .acr 30 

TAPERED-IHOIE GUNS AND SKIlITEI) 01IIJECTILES-a K 

asINTRODULTfON f-n Ike .mifi..es a/ 1*artw e lop erv b c ean- v~ lua tc. 

owAti4int is n 4i" ltw 411"ap~t "f tea minlitary citinonms. 

"Fo tr 

y~imn~aomuarV, firing a skirtedo pnert~ile. 

4d sevwernl maraim for the atfanaienti cit 

It therwfore iryeleirr- ertritial rionsikthrtiA in unlIM to 

erork its va~idiit sund to wank. starts that an tuppU'. 

hiwrrrlcrity- withouet riteting currently ordauing tcanity teni a eau'ltansial imp to v twt imthe effertirc. 

preultarc" thiss hy.pmi~sri4aty Im clriing a pur4*tik' of a 

I~wl~~~a aids 57 40.mnm tapriroWicta gm 

MLtrfl miUss with the *"rme foorre an that Matiplieu Is v noul sk-irted pro+iile, wao tw rigiatly utaierfaki-a by 

the Powder po to the Pacuiecd1a utaraclani weighti prop Divioiaena 1. N I)I.C. fsar the phtirpeiss ofi makinq availjertile. 

In tiumumu with the .ttass osone pan r firin .ll~e itsa isr Armed IFurrvi cleceignac, mznaaartitring 

"a ovalatit-pttjeortile ((haplter2)'thiccewmainisnei tatecaerie eotligxatelt. and nw-thcalac 4 fix propleteing taperrd-hues 

"a markrid tuaenaaca u~ve the otanskucir gas Sing a geettac ass 

t aaeamuniti-mn eat the (k'hrlich tylie. Suex 

lightwreight projoitile oft colosi 1 weigt lowr oiiiainsi- after tee wewli wass uckehrtl~ei it appeatrod that the 

Ord enhher, stince the rewit tmn in Ri~n af lie xrrr- prosithCiftro a( mel gun%. wast unnieroosaril * tedioow 

trial protilea is lesslr: afartur shiecia6noema aIstec y andl expriarnve itn tile esfeminiptio fl aT nal-Iamtra of 0 

Wietui emdtAtheue .1enw ats critic'al blpcloa. It waist tlatimght that if suitalvie pruee. 

of1 tapeersWtiviue Via andl nirteal prn~voe pemccww e tile deaigaseixi toa sithsctand the sahrk oi estvrinely 

.m appreriablse aelvaotataga cAvt the lates aerm=- rapid ,l4sarmt actiaeaulelh elweiisoci., the Jannare type 

vial in that aml the pt air attairhedi Its th pvoere- of ingun. ah" sets a atandartd tuilw uith a ohoort teiiL 

s that the entire mcezzfr- munesmetwa 6e aritilalsie prwct 0cchsspteattached to ttcemcazzie Woulod hemnuch 

fewovr twuscaitg air recceisteewe. 71w iomptirtanrer tof nmet practical. In actclitiorm to onirpfi(%inr 'he proab-. 

thesto aedrantugm it, ihown at rkntdv in Sectiesto 33.2 ter fn itimascfaartur" ito cnex wouki] open the way to5 

-1vi the relative pprfearmnanore eof differenit types cI( eunveroinim cid exisitingc gVamo fir the tiring of eskirted 

hk evme4ocity gunio. in var~ies. types. elof w -itre in penjectilece. 

saltahed in oxcene detail. Tst,. ens a toumhies of tialirsa buth uilvil anad uarifled, 

IN the lighjl t 'f he lemietly c"'lcetspec fitrtie, it 

appesari, that the cecitorofperviltois~repuanis~niant relv 

with taape're cl differe'nt lengthsc, athowed that it wase 

lpructiratatle tea drive a istoitahaly detigriec proj~etilei 

Anl eviietberst for the attainutent ofi hyperioclesritiv ttartsigh an 8-in, lung taper tanel tbe-reltay reducre the 

withost anclarc i prs~emrcos., lie that Ingearlccuc' of fist tire ehiaemtortcl to( e ftins frown 57 tor toa 40mint at a vetors. 

iarprutieanent~s.;n the virlscti' of projiili ohf. el arsanl. itY in c-curw~ 4pt 330t)~ (pp. It wan fortiori foursm that 

anil enflber ProlooritecIpistr aint~i nw~ arilolrop ironestalr, with taips stuart tap"r thce rifling cuesH 1we limited to 

$ ro, ers n i-vl "irtd- hre n irt ut"Mossriii,"to ther o.istlaratin tsae 

AIIMI Cd Ucjcacc sath 11W Pwilor 11&0 oi the teMM 10 .cet~n . 

trvtaue watlaual spi,rci-alile low ci 

.cth termincsal t~lis.Jv.. to jrchcaqea -dtw 1iun46 tVaettAc 

as .ldsgs.lcra fnsc nl, &.pbi..%r ice lad jon'mrib-. 

.ltterv 

*rn&i 

inc eta. party ,ecccites tit thas pejert, visaw (awoe V. 

-The tsreri..mrrraI..wim uecwna-4 a 

1t~hlcv..~c,N Dtt( 1w thej'eaecc' t..xa.nc Mtarhi.~ 

F,.t...-. 11w th1swu slecst saaaainvce ewarl at then 

1.c.cIerm,p W4 stc.aitant. onf a taseiWc~ of .eacie teeting 

Comaaeapc, ne~ct~47tapaothe 

*L-cveol bwcet~e ~ this- mvcn -m rim'. scesd-'tm tay tflo 

skort"I ase1w~rtil.a'n le' (teen heatikl 4in thce a teg aa 

"-n".. .37. V-m.ci~ .Lirlml rnpe tilcvd aa ..aýIlrl tshscrejaw 

14,3.t ChaugGnccet, C..s.eqece 

.,.3i, Mls w.m later' e......d -1 1" 

-ok ('.mtrsrlt*is- 

J.-c -1a ~ 3.... 

.tc.ai -mn~ rvat of Awiarr"tt~ Peseing dC.-Inc torn a 

.c, X13a '1. tc I.lah a LiWa'rj', as*Jls.ptuo .4 the l', 

sAcce (".c..pocy. TIh.. It,cg4te seI'. the .m,6.cw4 1.1 sSe-gsc 1_-v% If~ sl,.lc.i* '11- I" p t "ec? c bney the 

scenit 4 ispered-Axwor' 1pcic. knd bree ",- 41 am af earier it..iefeveaupasaeaad 4. IyIca'ats-rV4ily a~r~tefor firivia (KMw 

,.tf i Ir t)i-cum 1. (em-wvo 3.I1rvsn: (isoccaking Veap. mated w. Ohe Jone* Rmac .mcIcen cuad Itryasalt ornipacaver WAn 

mere. Jisse. and IAmome MIar.ase C..cspory. sail ltro-at voerv, cc,.fcid an thweal c 4aiii 'miecig u( Ithe 37. t0ec.. peoimes.. 

db a db ab A ah a

4`641.ientu'I .1111wl i-ii Wolf..r :4.1,0I ve lfIwifiv.. " high AW0.10.20 f Fm. It swq4 li iite IrW-amn 

Ift -406 f I". ý;Kv 1169-a~e~ua rswemaOe-. slo-ieu. lw JAPiob.. v 164.my tlwa elirawluLo, ouaaismd twvq-im m~y 

1 4 

tomok m m.wqett~rnible so. ifhy oAlr~qwwqom~u * a gwpwloopmwoh.6 .mup"Ov,4 end. o4v.w-..- s1 flrin at rv4- 

I 9li,-.ei 4-tri *i-.4-roqrl w j.l .. i 4ijga.Il (,u' :1641i. IN-eif" ~alpiprilinpt 4 IIIwR 1.400 ,.. 11m, afft uillohtoaii 

"Ierhs-41. Nrtrqit' It,.4 mn. of flu. gfrtwi . ewm tulwtu wlzae l~iuvolerd n.-.nlinic moo-i-aa mumfnil. It i.. 

l6ini imo. doo1w at~irnt.--Iwrnl %voll uwi ,kintoaltwt4wti1.. 

rw. its Ilkir to"- avi- run1ý.lhEl ,vms ins gnwitvwer..ito 

fuirther II..wen.letu 

4mnprwnla ekWX, 

,iiwmon undelieienul inigmovnit'll' ia 

too lake loolvaelw .4iaa, ... 

pndrnnlilit Y ..4 an 444tiv~e' Itil. 11w- 1rnololent .4 -t 

shownig a No.II -flW- * A.inmul 11ttje1ilo. 60t U- -so M7 AIMI TWE'lItEtD.iff~lWtv GU N I% 

ill .1 flnuinnr a tnglwI-. v. ioloov "vtiow-jivien..I T 

ing too leiol.-o-ojul.vvvitw *nm.. main. pnooloni winhn S 110H PRllE CTI IA. 

ins too.lir -4%%"!.. ý,.r -irit-4i ,ler.it.,n~tivoflet A.. linawil dotmegwl te 57 91-nins tuporredmoi-o 

jon the. n 4 ieneimt . ..eietaI .1. %:oW[elt v in flighot tmo roots rma,.iel..e. a taitgm~tl nntzil. adllool~ar ultzin ?lwdll~y 

EfWifporntr-tteyIt flight lmruhrn:gi -I v. 

b.'U .4 (ra.su p.4 ai~eia 

and :the a1tt tain. :,tf.tI wmthtnioh its do mw uzzule ent: a. a (.awuoliun %Ik 

L AtwP In. It.m. LU w.inintt EWI 7lew twumU LAwt h .4d ibm a&Lda~ in 

pnoi-uIo,,i :Irt Iimnllh- nem' ,jftitllcl Oth.u tOm... e~n. :11 in.; tiw taniowfrNalie.tira im HIS' iii.; the x..tiwftt 

CeAleltrnqh its ii.%. ra-4e.4 Ihwi ani.,w.-...'ninle jw.,jtmilo. utineil.. oerlimw. it( M" .I N *',I rc'. it, 21 in.; nod the 

anl f*% ho nwaltiarto jvon ay noomait.nnitnimler i6 token tit, 1wIi oy dnn emin 

anllk 1.nd-~ ~ riiji~u1t:I~il~r~tb~t del~tuI. romonph-le. .7-nim '.%Ik IlIt 

Tin- aenk oloom u, thow 3: .04tm.. elrphn-uupau "mome veiti thr oapml mniicalo. atiipiuw is lAn. 4w 

apyrt-re-? too pvewele, a o.nfidurtwY~r 11teu40 (w 11%. .tnpc the x'm. Thin. Artm. 01*0. W*I.IWrW twit piew". .4( 00w'et 

of Inauroll9 mholomgtir andl okirteul pu~elinei-ovoitliteimel.l too ,61 mineueieilr eat t1w. sel-4 od1w- join. Ilk- iletamis 

ama vclhu4tii. n-Aeily alt jintiik-aheitle peins atwi lwu.- .4( It*n wthijiior mn eart- wn in Fijin- 2. lfit. princnpal 

. ". l*-oNw &te,,,I.. rs . o'tg I... I -I.j..i. L'tiS. .1-- v. I am- Iu hea I to-i g, "e.I - .11.a1.I : ~-1,1,,,,W 

m( 

t:ONFlIN;N'ri AL

4% An "%Lgo "MIS AS Ia.owm C 

T dL AAt1 i 

.cii se. 2.m.c* 91cmvef Ljw-rIIIw..1 1.16acskn. wlow. M-6 jimw.r 6w attlevior. ciso, amie, rit? 12 Nanu.C owekr 

ialormi. fr ' trictnow -iw- itileoetoo. nn l hi 11W puc...M1-1 oimv flm,'In 1 tm mie'etilr it am I er 

TIla r'I Icciwa Wn the aos -djmcn thr ' r.t'i' map Vr e ui i-lo'v 1w i l:r4-iw' lu..trt.w 11w riinlgc lortie' ilo. twac. riviw I 

cIiiieM 1.0 i of-wo ogw" cl~h w ij. .me'nt.,l.." a Inlo. clw mit oe- ti.'un .1 -ie voi tinc.r~ i cE i~r anoiI-.. h a' rKimm ifhI 

lrti~4.. 91m. Iunaili mw~i~m flw c~iit.'tm .mmiimu -soon'~L' 40t oraFigi w. 4 cm 3f tile f(loo ane'w Id 

rarrioillom41twor P.. iiI i~iima me u dr. will .isi Ow. pootloot I Ime ina.tin v 

alw ,hmI air'n Te'ii 

c'n valoo art-'.. nol a iq -pnin aim-, diei n ck 1 'I. th nvoto Itqrili w i11. Out nlmniiai r o pome nm -igi ie i ithe lier.wln a 

the'n-l o mc-tciiwnl Ai r m i III t- 141pwora~ta. cc im no nitc Ilixt.' 3i, is a. cm~li-o .4 rno 4d eittnqi aii 'nuaei 2 m W 

fIe a.irit g fiatIcima iI.''Ott i Ilic' gu '1.w itt- I.4 ,,.g ic'.i~l..- III.a icloi 19cm 1n Al~i* 6~e tin iiji'ilt ih' satv u(. the 

-irfew"Ii ,- titi Ow-' li4a f-'' diiiio . -4ci lit 11. miii %il imi Jic~ o-urmi 't ,w . rj i tl'.i njifi. JWn 

I'wImc *i ati them i cmil 'c, %m.' cud cijit IJ' Ille Von' lime' w ,cImtioi l cI Ii,' ,.*mifi it t mmic in l Afo i a i 'tIir wave i 

i '11.. miii il' 11m.it'. -4 1,4 tic l.cc i -cl1c 'nl' %l I ir v~-ti,al ccci.' :i~ ij.1 3 m .1%, od'cc .4i 1 oniffi:1- ,iuc 14 t nlioamecienuthe 

.Ilc' meic" ii .9 rlf4. i it. . I.i. % .'i% I a6 cc 'd 014.- fIii' ptI 1 , Id ifitlkle~ I .. 4 sclciia incc ,Ii mmar ieknieitw.I 

cccli i~t.er1~ n ii. 1.cc. Occ 41.1 f:1.1I ' d 11". K.11' 1 ao,di 1-Aicc ltrcc "macme Im #iri-ic hellos . i t tooi l "me thwllc e' 

Ii ~ ~ i,1ct ~ I .c tci' I t .i-ilcr'cIc It, i-I ildct cci cm .vi' c i- iilt- ýlwv ilitml Ii.r iowni' l'Iw t i.w dte' 

Ili.-fl-we it)E;\I ti~~~l'to(ln. 

i-tllf% :gnnaIe.oo. 'or r ~ p . 

vi w. 'ri i

lv. w 

a pwil. Time rooimtimr. :.nu the ..kirtf whirh furmano 

infltWTal part 4ii it. an- orril imim Ir-titmare 4i (SouiKn. 4iw'. 

efAoil a mmhirtrsl lwo+ert im. i6-ign slo1mitit mla thi. 

flh-it initwia itsim tlir timu: Aamlm-Pii ina* linic, iii the imWle 

id aw' t~i twit tem-didtmtipaiiltfhmif w44 Mr.ld. t At the 

ralo fts 4 ,.ran wltirh this. .Lbwnusitiuo iavuillvew, alvm#4 

all nutirrial.. 

am m*L 

.Jw owmia 

wvlwitivrms"h 

ukit"e .4 lwmittiemiwe. 

The se min w~wk at Inwm-tt, is, xrtiity redued. Due- 

aw'41"lel. A111,1 plarta itmldi.'.-of tim Imwoding mnuait fie 

fTime" ,kw..l linputhoed rea thati prewnea £ dinuti is 

lmsmftlile in flilcht. 

After Oftuuhl £.mno. esperiAllv tho*e n santitank ormlie. 

ate sd"ni- pirowiimlulifwith dirvet r rumtrcA, the3 

Iw oil trrwvr ammuniitios is arnentlly ytmtuired. The 

Iraiw .wqt" dwimisM lowter Oakisted pveiastikw mef 

(ONUMtww murt+ Warrant itst adlopti.un (fr other ani. 

wroe..Ah. a"( th1&w Thearir line Skncirnlts rntm ue 

" the "efl uli . 6 i uiirpa4 4,- imitating '. mi4.t a lotnbI Fairlymw gl i-I.muirtu a pri jectile- we s provi %i t 

atrleatunm awarin amih hegu, ndi "w~y~t. fm.ai,. piruiefi . AtW ll i(itth mute 4i-ov .tr-j eeite tha 

in whic the inmq- ~'wit 46Ae a.wn uiria. af a flmw 0miwl %ik.Im".1ralm~rts~ 1.1e.4.. lhemu flal vlrtie Olthum & 

arrrirtni f mae. m~lt lii.. ritr tin., thier pin.mmi mmm 44 iodr,.tmsm. fowisium iii., pnit artm.wwm hil I 'nt uloofAmin evrten the 

bill it is an L4m,-,-rvuI reit atfat arill.~tormfirrilimg 4ctorn's l ylttmi.l a ieq-twin ,'mitii'u1 iniftialt vliaeitv Owt-m.kirta 

.411iW k'A tI'm~ilev tit m ' lter m li,-q %ills omail ,eh Ak.4m.wn i t--imlcmr imsw welmr~ate frx".ihr thetily at thiji 

CON IIDLNTIALj

.ri~m o hi.... -tornin . mmt-. *.~mmm i m mmv 

4 . prtjm'mtmlih rnltl*, them Ifm11r. '11m4 11141wo-milnmfmi its 1w the 

fr-,taimm od thme M-4101".1I 4elmmaincmm. rnwwo Imir I,.. ImLatw .-immr=m ln~l item", n# prvm-. 

T~m~.I m I~nmwm. OkLi r1m.hon mI Ill t. mm--inein 'Ait h sloimi to'm-imm. Ilomme-i-o i. mn time A~irtmsn A pimlleVI 

amimnIre-rl..n..miimPm. *rh,'t.,n0.n I -*be neitrm,,k. thnfmitih the rap"w 'my thme tImelY d the lio.mIEoti'le, N6e 

0i the morsqiet,.m. a# file ponia ni fwr..s. 

-I,..01 w- finmior 11 the M~ .4;1 h 

Woth flow 6..h. 

w.+. ir I tih. 

urmwk .4 m.4.wimuAliwm ii tIe Aini waoiAA f t$W 

wor in "wmonn Irict~itm an lrefm~m h' a te.f 

0"%" ip# mm. fJI.mmm. emFill if 1-shm* vW .'. rmrwntm iom. .4 A- f.m-. Foirthennmotor. Itw- ,.krt.' vpermeirf change 

emmitam.Ime omulmmm'm. 1imw Iso-nodnx -ir,.moo. d..Iitrin ,( olmn v.J .. I.vmit on ntering ainti It-Aving the taim to' l og." 

slomoimnamtiotn o iiimtrlmmlrel anti miimmmltimmm.- tmmmm'ilklinr *lmmn. i. Iir'.4 a lieu-if nummnoroolmm #on imfocrt aind a 

6mm frimietitvi mre axtiolril frtywuimrv Awimem Iravin the tc1prot. T1w ieruerevJ 

In mlifirito too crim T'tmiiiC tfk. lmjitot+-64m; 1104 Ilow"em. smolm-tiinmtmml i. .iimj11nific ItV 3 trfla'414 fuct. WO~m ((WM 

hewn~mrUrt nmmm som lm-lm m.rmpmmft .fmr- tin. he ihm rommtf'mfinx lone in imemiwni"K 

th 1w i.114414- p~t-m.mmn.. 'nor -ior~rco .mt %iimo Imimli w ii mlm..f. 

(m losa.,riB mite *t mit zomlivm mIlo. tmm nshmmvim S. -Lirt * Irk. '11" em. 1.gil hug A....e'm mi-mitina fron th iN. l'fomnawhýtw."'r 

N1 mi.- (mm 1-ii l~ thi JII'Mn--mi in. It. -iihml ptifln (m tiinq womi-o have Icem ,'m Noliarti mml~v ctionSrtlkd It. 

B I S~~~~1w ,mmmlm'ril tmo nm'-arli Immmmy e-twnmgn.-i.um :stil cihnoinam . O il- rum v. 5 -Lint ile'ilin .mmt linmul in 'Sm',1im m 30.3.1. 

ilia SIm'nlislg motn-m.. it, oli m'egmnmi thome :.L-ai m~mmlmwmi..i Tie. rmnhimmymmr'~ e ~~m~Immi the nuork 

oww. in Va hu4h ~Imm* i-mrv attiror iow'n"'.'. mmmin- tlm- Nome. .4 oo. pla-livm mL(miat.e in tim-n, mmml Ili ..hmtk, itp. 

floo pm'limjmle too. the*1 pilot td latoininmg I'm the looter. prnr tin, for tL'*enuavi moml mm" eneirrely 1 the w d iign 

1blemmnevr. the grmunm fim for nu.6lm lIt, liii. fimttmm'm' mv.. 44 tN.'gun littm.e. Tomt mChetf not that thrv "it hie nioulfP 

a -- - 1 item fma momm's'immiint.. floo d int.iime mmtm,mmml Mml' limiqt ho, Imnimjmr~fl. mh"alm~. thme mifertsae 3 minor. 

* coolly Of 1"in. Tm'tmik' ootn'.'mem in Okin.t inilimed Imy the sauck of 

11w olkint omi'iicom vitihtir in rwigmn 2a.re lINe 191'"11 111fmm'nn 14mm hVmnm frint tilat hmmVe IVemi 14011mjfttf' tO 

idm.~trnm-jte trijl aimulrymwmmmmiz gotimkhml by thieru.. in m5.prmminmme Amnaml -.i. mmml the othtXk ut rn"s hive 

Ac h-'a iumo on.mmtrennni afuuw. hols oplosialmaot4L Timo aml~volms 6i Semiod as that 9916ming 

osmo.mmptinum: 

mu strorafiems in Skirto 1. Impact loorturit . ir ,L ri mgl l~m5 o( tae isin 

In madolmltmmmi to the sttnro4y Jrvlq'vim~imIt the rmn 

PIRAmmt. 

2. l tm Jnet pre-m'mcmm -mml 1mm' thme ii Ofluitnaiticn pnim".'m.. the 

mtimatnm uf skirlt ,hih have nolt enagegd weall 

retamn Ifmmici urigntol cuntmmir. 

Airj. mit"' moimj(Wi Ii, mother ten.,Se em-,.inSmmrm'm Isr' 3. fPwti..- uf 'Lint it lmimh have eng~i&Td tl '11 31 e0n' 

A--itiamm-'nm~I fior". It l rict(imut. and5 Ill. hIwk am. tie fmminr tmm wall. 

F------A 

1.6 11 .r oAVxIP u 

S 

me d.~mm P. .~ (~ i I f.e.ircoT.,N iuin \L m*~~'mmm;m . y40r.m'nl~my

4I.Noe ctrtiem ec(Airt miclTertre eielipm~ev~c rec-ic cvuen ITy cequljccn (.il, 

clefstricatiein pacrtcl'litit thce itraclracais:ui 

(tsc tile frits~i Iel tici.Fe n,,otimpc~timsci, 

f ispie etieo. 

hig~her Or-stre*w.l 

I t C140+ pin0 tn a

.Lwet. :owll 1. 11 n. f..w th.. nu 'kirt. Few j# 0 4v4 Iftal wr 'IN-W eenPtline 600 in Vsitig vooawI" Peqrr-.ee 

l,;e zmool ei, itl a r'ilfeu .4 (iel w.1 .4 I114L:). ailg Ilat. eicm. .4 d few Vitt $ atit u na ethioir~.t ~.q 

T.. l.'dtl..i ;ec~rn~ fw f..e, ,.~ir :T, - Vortiss-nit-en' fw Ifw' pK.oseeewrie':I arrinK.'ew~tt.n1 

10411 tU-l 6we nnr A -iri.'fln',"- %e lesv- son' .f lI% emtw r 

I .'. toe r ntvi t,, 1 Il ,iv ec .4 Isftrloon-is, Aen ... .,apost"11 

aieec.. am1,', rat loviMoassi e4.uh 61titi, 6Wvt 

"see 11"' "1 iti"'il :c.'gh. .llitsire'ceqh thew ..h..h dfr1" 6- 

164e1. a i.a:e meoe~inl.44v a rnisimant atc Iitto,I'-' lus'ter'. 

te'46i119 46 mal wo If."Is Oe-m alstwtv~taemtiom 

-iu + 01 1 wc + 1 a. 1leo' t,'cc-el.* I..e T. ise Itsp 

~T4 PW 111kGU. 

Al imixtorlant in .6'Ie'ilitie,,i, 11W' licele"' rel..s t4otIl'L"24~ 

Nemv1 to ioe liniteecl i,,~ats~ soaois,w., 'teen aleaj~unhct 

( 

tliat lit tle vtt ,.ir i~e leee its live' slie'agn .4l sov Aeiel toIfe it, 

,iu~np' Ill. ~ehoraity lintt. '1w sillyv e'tT,.r~ivc v'.a~tro 

lllt3.ItntI "clec~ jio givrc by tcruat... 

7. 2 1 -611*1 

(12 

l.. AIn' Ik.etwljeee. - 

.9.o ife-nti diac .'11,11 114. li*hw~rt4ehi 

onehee 194nkm -s6vti. 

lltoill 44 fil alatie 11-rssev j u.e . '.....". "4411.t ~ag flaea' i-.j.w~i 

limcgl 4e(eclcn Asiste dis elttitvio In-e aA Ise chum 

a57UIli 

inthe mose tlw. ,'ic fi iltclieee .414'l... .i'-e.. tIx .e*tilts~tor pi utith a 4-in. lung traneeitiqun. If vte Vt T. - T. 

.n~~~~~~~~~~~~~ l'ml'I.c"ci;4lc'.t~~tc' tlwX) ncw. 'e'el 

L. - 0.8 in.. A - 0.23. d - 4 in.: 

a 0 (9)0 ulv'tnvn src I .t- 0. 17 rudeiun -thce ptit~a. 

m.aa l)e . p n(TacAilo'eI bt 

OCieceteur fow te-on vtill ai jev " tonn p"*ujfiie orfilhe t~pe &dclqu~c'ei 

Aolimtjwur Mu thv- Iimeie inic vitoriet ' i-4 vvw~wmft6^kI.# tipucc itw 

t he' ih'e-ijaa. few thre 57 4t1"citst tfelw'-milhwc vine 'cechetalit-4 

a eotcaighct orionit-tl trmistifioic. It ine nacM el-ar 

v. it 4 

/;ý2 

-* I),f10 

+ m) 

fpa. 1,3 

thast a esnlmmtlticeeeteic ervii~t irniec.itceehe rit.va~e~r ine W.ills aen X in. houxe vinvair tTrlee..14m. tits. Iiacwtitng 

bOM hese,, al6p&.I %te. 46.Wen% m pthe 4 Iftif stil tlWkil i'ntileee'ee- Ile aI..aelt Z'.41111 fibs. 

mieemioni icnc teac,& is 4tt'. If IN.' rmntcteii..k .'ctl 'w' 19w Ills spinwega-. tlu' emefr ie'lem'ett has. Ia't v e 

ticach' tLwfl'tct its the' "icigie tomnigslor I..eea ,.c'rtrnk. ti. O1w tlc.sto~eclel'eI 

n 

row a 4 ill. 1:.lwc'. Oliwch qv-,tA.e -meccit 

ae'r'le".e'tiin .of1 ckerAte fornas itVe ntittitalitnt ve'i,.'ilv lee w-meleel mit pit"e to lwiroivctikr at a %elinity' .4 4..Y11I floss. 

MWe. 6 lnite' 161e4rn.1C'". MAcl 1111-W i' hise n OWe 91aa.le ew'k *liwe ni.nximieceec mose' v'Ita'jt' e4 au. S-in. ItIw'rha ll% a 

.etn-Aw, lit partic-ilear. if the tsrnntt.tiqvui r'eouetccer dte.I a raeoelimst..AYl minevieg tirtin-ti..ee c'iontear caeeciI tiii.. 

that .4f the A'irl aire Ioiwt iicce-lcer nn-e. a vey-'Ia.r l .Ise eei tioo' 11w gla'.en-ti'in Iit,,if usatcitalole' %%itl, 4 min 

:%ile' e'emditiom 4ulcteittc. 

Le-ttin~g a n'pn'ie'ti ,ivi..acee- tiew'a,'.ern clw tosIc.' Ow 

.4( iaelrii.' -lingth. aIs kih ine .c-eteeal.I lee Ive' 20.111l) (pso 

t 

'e'titon 3.3-21. 'Ilce.. tee. Inuraeicail hceil to .d..-rit. 

a'%:. .4the- Iren-itiune nowt.itcc for..... tOe. diremil feqcecnnl. aclu'etrne itee Ice' inepossitil Ivy* the' nie' %if a tI;i.'r-eI 

J1 the' some'rnei IsviecIc .f tIlk- trun~jneitoen. 1. tw Ie.' e'th aeleptcew. Iic fac.t. fAirtlc'errinc .4f the' ,Ievelimwcee'it 

u( the .eee'iic .4( AkIirt in,'tanaotns~ce'.e-l it, e'amtzart %%ith %%emwdl lo"un".'e ..jepoec'itinitic to ndEart' fihe' li.tih .4 

tilee I1wrc, and R. tlc.- e'nte'niai 4,e~ 4w to(Ile' ,e'eti~en. tive' naclipistro nhe lej n'taniieii a ra't p~in in jarfwvietzcrc.'e. 

ite-tacntecn'cto~ acn"eI'ati-sn .4 the' ceieetiic ie'~mIectv ine tlee'r an' ".. az'ece ieea'"cNe that,cneeith the. :uleP.. 

gIVe'fl Itsr. f411 ea ee61 It.. 'A Iie'it ine eel et :im-1 to' e kifer. tiweett .tIeN' mvismol.. I.. cecn Aelkalis- rw len trIe. het ieee.m tlW 

,eet1 ent elli (411.Iez1 iets" WI. ll-negi .4 tfilee fraighet teeezzle s- 'tioent ncav ir tits. 

d. - V.1 - .n in d + at termilly rv.Ie'e'e. l'Mii,e,- 1xeimic-ieLirly trae it e,,e:tc fist' 

V11)11*n~ risinil~iega. Aq-er are. iteelueit ei. *liwen' apjse-zt'- it% eItv nuj 

WVith Seelrwci-rit aIitru%isintiunt, "mn'tte'.ee fill. lI.' legile . ts Ilet."it ec 'eelel 11u v.e've' 

Itt'r' lit-lmw Iee':en..g I*tCIf .4t1w' jle.etel-1'. if tIle' n1'e' 

:%loll 

I ,, d- 

.1 

-I'. (fle few .m v "ea'ce'c t.'ei% loijh t tellmem eloe'fw Ar ear ic. c-li ice 

ie;,tol. lite the' r:tc.of c 1 

~ [P~tet~e~e] 

tl 57, 441-mnc, :elejer.Iree..- 

Iieee. .4 1114' 1A. eking le-iscg I free. 'It) iee. te apprc e -x 

a 1 1' \ 

iec~lI itm-fu W . 'a.~n i-e I%-' % re'a-.eecel'l. pe-0el44i1%.a 

ilce4ectwe:llv. it ;w..'ethle' twlee~ i th-iee ti-t~ 

(:lNFID)Kr'ri.'L

Ahen. tlirsussttoneee fill- IneIe IN.*ri... looce SIR+ al ion ie. linsit ie. sollIZZU . e4-I..emi Ilcik4 tt 4. .4 the' 

pIwIi'C!W"I .4nnup, tit lizoei nme Imetairjl ieetsitwfanc. .% oirtl'r .4 :?J.11111 fit. 1:4-rliow 3.5i21. Te-fo etitim Io 

doejs'ieeic ice leeown bIeetl, .4 eeniey cl.uuwltivl 4.1111l. Its ?-n. 127.-ieltew? Von. rufli"e.' 4 6 ,e .J I 

VMWtsceI. SA 16loovir 

Slab. 

6~I5 ernw ivte.4v uwisoiVAWi-A lIC uwctv. iee a Us lie islootvt I tillof 

4 

tin vww As( the rnilw -;Ureitio-iut# ehyrnmt-s ill kenirth n- (p... Avire. ill.t a ""mal IPMl hwat 'e1ed I~fl'~i 

emilling (noose tile se... 'tsfie erir-Lir reinhlo"r. 

le1~0 Woeilel- 14. Meissi~eIV lii 1t. I IN itt1:61111.121titt a 

twiuc r":eUr vi-eceify otewdel ]g. e.lm-etrol flione 

M84~ uzxl.. Ve~lix-ifi US VAli' Ijeeot the. gS'erde -Le;r;Dr wictt- :alel Itilt. ill -Aliid 6. tomedl ~mo 

6~ am14m". 

WismI thee noilintl vetauit" 1v4 tie. c4.-vm.rv l m+je-e. jceiliuS A-rtisan 27.3-. 

fib- ist Lmosor the. ee4mriti .4t. IIW~sewwis Pat6- 1bW isWlea it 4 dw 5 lf...... ta~wnt'..l~vio suit 

calibe~r tcriejrile. ran~ In: i-sistsoi~e~t Aieli m onaneezlols* 141 4-ielj.r- stiff, l~Mit lit- largherg dialliste~rt. In 

aimmine lmcelieesm i 1 lslo I e I Isosse i'jts "wl"h qvltad is. i.o (4 that- iLu i n~egae4ilfs~ will warn a littke 

'11 is the VAeWV0m .tes~t~n eIrtI' Lvce' silts liritnt .kirtA el 1 nlijt-ih is-ern-leItel to Lianthenew 

weight, We 6; atae'Lnil weighit azd 11',tfll.' 

riri"It' .tt itsm viothll a ff."lu' 4.4411 11K. Tichieep". 

Wrighet of Powder. Ine tile Cme 01 ulirted projevtilrfrt~r an'.nmW3tP 4 o a r tiolm 

then pmflftliiflat estill'tell for a new deosign can I* .twvitmcity i. almatut 14,1911 (pc. Aeide is t6l (A) 'w vet soi 

Mawil froma equatiom (15). 

the inslic-iii-d nimainellef iel MINAK fps. With huigher 

Wit 

tcalo td chiseler tooerspiej'tils-, tlme velocity pain 6s 

PA~ited~at rhane-hnt.in rnat e reion MUMtl 1. the velocity 

rue Womos 4-e.I alitisii10KI rt. It alppeast reftiomoubleeh 

I+O 41"thenmfieqc. t..ecccrr.V+lry 4 

1 Ad~t (p.. m~e rtm wwe 

Imelating rathe-r .I...cy tlhe pracwtwal lHrnit tu veleritr 

It""r 0ea the tata (of new ramliwer tu otmatdjoird ezalileer, atttcittalvie witl$ pre'tSent pietwdiki. Minor iurrm'Amiie 

Ir ill the mean density of the new pornjeetihc ma. may lie tolotaint'i toy ;it inermws in gtun length, he' 

tetimoI. and 6. the euCVL-A d~slersiett. reegmoeo its motmonrev deignetrd tu rtduee friction, and 

fur Mirtjatinte pueirpooto-l. the,ee appreeA.inationi. Ivy. the ileveliqcpnent u( higher putential propellant ml. 

aoppma to lee quiite '1ietiecet~ory fur velehtiti"m tip to Inrecompariso~n witht Iangwr'.lcr'sgtin, it is *pprerit 

5.000 fps in simpte a( a c'lmutwant-.aI1 inemiteee in the that the lowcer eflicimecy of the tapered-hoom Sers. 

kineticrisetee imparted too the powder Cipme at thec~e which rr.'eltce frvem it'. Shorter barrel length and the 

V~hellVtiece. In the e*ase Of thle 37., 406nint uleeelotimmrnt, irelnttevry high frictioin of the skirted projectile. ip 

the istandar projeetile wecglet W~as 6 11) anti itg vcdter "'..mPen..ate.I flr Iby it.' luon erbat lorsP. Anal 'siev; of 

ity- was 3,000 (pa. T1e final de-togn o( rmrloidc-rqercel, dekterneietion stri-Scosinlelcute thaet nudiffirtilty should 

sktirted prOrectile weegthcld 53 e lst an ttained a veloc. top eperiente'd in the constetntiefl of t~apered-love 

ity, of 4,100 (ps, when tht- powder wall adjustedri to give gono and Skirted proe-cjtilese whlich %wnelit attain a 

a mallxienem pres.uer mpiall to the standard pnrsceclre. %celetw~y 44 allo RMu f0 (pd. 

This meaemiretd VelocitY cretaresUM well with a velocity 

of 4.050 fp4 mekielatecl hey eejiittion (Alt. A skirted 0". Vqntting. to ' cfcjresoo Gals PreSsure 

solid steeh~l ,ie atutliiel a veliwit.' .4512111 (po. Awhen Shuckj Wave at lise o( Talpef 

frice with a powdrer deui is( .4osi ficael Ie e'ateel nx 

imuen p-lirteSo five thet kpin 452.000 p,'1t. lMiii trioln- lDiingc I'Srl~v tcts cit tile rd. 40-nin 6nen, frelplee~t 

pan'% wt it 5i. lff) raps i';lae~tis Is ' vc rciet ienti 5U. dl:ifirtihtY v a-a.- e.~hMrieleec.I %ith It cc.AkP-e 31141 boirningi 

Feer miss' r',:tet ,woeeiolt ittiiu, tilee towvtlimis Iccest. 44 pun clerwca'e' ieevks.- Siawe thiS pi eveetm rd e-cisC Alt 

lined in Cba'lietcr :1; Are :c ippicaeilse. AI1.. crlece I0e t he file V:1-4-, its'ce1ciIl %e %%;" Ml.1 iu et Ite %%;IS .e Ilit t the 

anaIyrsi- oaven Ithee, twIe.li. it-imio-al tici~t inic c-elwil 1it 11irlwtC i-114 ., kne'i gon:4 re'rlle v al,.wcet Ow n thle provjeefur 

an ilh ml. inrinit.'Iv Icing sriils 6A. 1eAlt :i4;,(XNI fp.'. if t illvs acqre fimil %% ili thI.eal .pitir O,tT at Ot h for.u each 

frietimt erect 1c':It 14Y-4e" anr tak:en~u hit c ieesil'a ecce. iiptoir terleu. %%x.. ie N Placit e. tlw. ccIicle %A ca.ýe Cisineir 

with a high rit 1 ., .( dinriat' Ites prijtirtilo mneSa the fill not cArte-. it uc i- fmterti r foideie thatf thle ci'lecity 

CON HIDlNTI %L

or puo"Olor gm-.m1n., :I$ li~t-i, f:.ilan' ,u'enrn.I .8:t. :.gn- .:- h:i.~ m.i th m nui-airmI prmw..ne oo 

i..wi' '4,wia' ti' tim'tn~wr l mitrtio.8 ;..'i,. almos~t 2111.tWI 1m. 

ole-van in Fipitr. is. T.oo,.dt~t tII&. -6rmave.t 6isovm'r .'wr to "oldv'd 

halw 04 fv rom*W-.* I - OPn.$' 4 O a pbkwayp -W op Tim. i-i601 WaY w.M Ow" t pmrw~r'mt. o-wo. having a 

tip' m'4+. I';mm w'it-ing fil- IIw'rk .( i' 14 i.wi 

rsaw it mmoomimattpl an *'i~-~8fr~noIl Iti.. Pm. IN- 

gmiati:. n've-r-~Ad IfIlk otim.:.ilimohu.I(' tihe ~4%mk awavewis 

Ntgh vft~iih. thi- n'vo'r~if t'?-uit4imiim lin-mr 

t..rk anil tm- lamo' ,':it-..I 44 tilm twrk. Still- 

wen.iust o 4a88 d O'nI o1.i.t l:ti 

P A..t.. 

raiivm,.rIt * y the, to',iilt.'-ii..osa .4:ir amu 

1 po~ hato mtutti ho 

Pkirto wd the pnmwawt &I.," 

Fuerther cu,.,'~ti o '.e for 'i1tatiom icI 1.. a 

"treixatiun thaxt flue .'hmomk nu-ave' -aturtcIat tibm' zt~ijue 

Woon Ift'saj to? (lite ,qit.ti..4i~ ao fit hEw tuwwh Ow amm#li. 

hair Q1 tim. Ashk WSW# awy 6P. 

Wise, a cumpre...'u1.e floitil imvtnilt. with rj'iati%-e 

vr4uritv' l'. %ttikc.. an u.t.',o'fre. flit rt-a1tuiltiomfl prro 

mm I.is InI Iv8 t'otialtinmf t 411. 

A. - e I- K-V )WW1 (161) 

in which Pi IA.-h initial porasure', K the psecotlatnt. 

and N., the Mach momber troarrespunding to the rt'iagive 

velocity. 

With the tapered-Ibure Vin, the velucity n( su~tnd ~ ~ ~ .~ ~..~. . 

C'an the ps at the brise of the projectile as the Pm'eie - 

tile enecrs the st rairlit muuzule bure is, Shooit 3,000 rpý.. ti. a,.,os 

I.*.. i. -0, u,,.nb' I,-..J'e 

ttl,.tunhatwa' 

'1'h. projictile velocity may he asetunied to be 4,2W 

fps. N. is therefore of the order of 1.4. A Iitnitinx 

'I, N"~tit WCt( tM P. N" .44$A.) 

value of Poo for the eaoof a zu'ro-leneth t'iper, is iilarrmt-vi tfrft..rn tim' nv~ji' and minowr ..siwem. 

givcn by tCte relations e~prrssed in ctituation (17). 

I') ~ , ) 

a V - I# I - . .1.'. . I~. - 

M(me','r, 14,f-. -i...A ar .-- e iiltr~rw tstitrre'.i mui 

Aw d it'fl P\ ,riitiral % Phir-it, %-i hirb %%;t, .hahl.'vrnt for r-.'h 

taper, 011d% 1):irtiai rifi~tnf i. tiuemvfor' necemamm' 

r JO1 

3,oco (, 5; 

tA I' 

1- ,) 

ow, 04, 

(17) 

I it the, 1%,' .4 the 57 aoiflionrjertit- tit a vel'iuty 

4 .21m) flu), the' hf~rii, i pcm'ti 8e ft/ 

t Vn 1hu.t 4 the' p-. i" :Ol.st Ill per via ft. zznd 

T1u- prra'niru, P, nt the hm...e Of tip, Proujectile is 'cri"W1w~,ri i"b 

rovighly 12,000 p~i t-o Vi'e Ahwk prris'fro iuili be 

armjnt P. - 1ý4 X( 12 fco,) -- 1.(M 7.l'tOpi. '1i'is rip~irte 

05U 

ty"(R 

('ON HIJINTI %1,

itt emehiviIt*1 i. n:.. ill lip A..n so file- wf'qj, :n:,r. in 

',4 in.. I t fin. jov.ln'-man. its [it in.* :ang4 r lw, Ka. 

j till".. -s,.it-i,;t t If" ttosial:, gIdaiw. 04 Ili.i Hope- luurn-s 

mn iri -Ii tsmti too fiile:~tn ~ii:iai. so4 :, to.416 soniiwt 

t.nIsrntulurr n'. intht m Fan.--limliv-il jton.- ties- alwn.ilite' Iarin' tift fill- tfirvaI. 

luttW ippi. r ahmn.,t 'INUNt F mAns W. itupih 'm- wr. (roaI~n 7sumt 14% n mn vmil fn rim /&i. poor t 

114fiti,. live son'ttinhfll inii an':, so io U?~.- in.. lte 2 ii,.. 16viniii falp.-v I'tl-rb .( :12. i16. 9, anti lin. 

It i.. initeii-.tjin Ito 114d,' 4. 11t4 in iwt4IA-6' 31m.411 :9 -j flow. Lion elf .arls tulor.r V%:.-. 61dI4il it-. mal~l It-ixtsl :nd 

in. elf vent h6,11". wt-rn' (smunini mt,-a-turi- t.i -- nit. r m- ~ ,nal if -i~~tti 1w nn-.Al. h'-'Itn 

mailtaii. l'missr- n.tnnn- incl-h.' a,n fill-tn. an-a prt#%.I-.ib its we-no rnhq-. in th- .17-un.,, neriton %itit 12 he-ivi.-n 

It usmoo folatwitht IkA VwiuKrzmwos .-jn etwepeol.-.n.' wu- sh~ips niluig punit ti. imnw.IW em4 two i-,Ltunn Latr'fI-ý 

4-no,4,n4m platnie...314 titi ms:.t0 illiso Iwiomn- :noon~etet th iw n'ru-A-w tith in~eifion.r thin.' '-,.wm'. thaut a 11,1.4. or 

vv~Iist ete-'. TIn.-... autlwte-anii toorenoila e -rt.t too r m~n 171,:liwi in. nt Ait11tnuliKi illKnt-'n 20%- 

Im~n-tmr. i.. r t -%wl 'i %~t m -ntitw.,I in btnrnIv-igrtn- .-:niivmr psitvi-sn--.r~.. .minmi.rI. t n-.1% ImotnI",It 

flyinv izinsIinig 

jit4 Mine'mm'ii, tinq-Iataa .4:. , 

ietIn flr.n.-aue in,-i*k' . tin..imaa-1r. 

nm flw' t tiot an.!.. n. 

itttn. o h-inal ilvuSqn lon.'m-a4t- fipi. mntandarl:. pitcht 4.111 va. 

iin.-"k nl ' ~inn lln.,i Ito itie* tIn.- .-troiejki--..,n.. ,kirt,'.l 

- 

Irln-ttnimt-tl ill 06 Vit,. r-tvn-. pronp-.tili.- -nosiftit :ntictil:r virnimn-tY bor inio- t ha four' -n 

Fignmar 7 .I,,aunin 11: livt a-:rly 4-4tenui vljqnunnt-, .4 pnmn.. Inin-nl flildt ..tnililit~.y 

41" xam-n-vr n. lmit-haartevml thmrettglt tOw v.c. ;.aul fn-mn.. Few tlo' -onttnitll-talm-nr leatm-N. -kirt wi-'tkjw* wtiu 

tt.. namnzzll' .lf t it- gut-n. e4tn0n-mi-,'l at it lifamititlic antm-xitatuan Im-~n'..n .4 iwtwe4n- 

____________________________________ 23.111 atUW I 37.1111) p.-4 ciotsix-r. fem. t:itp-u ii-logithn .4l 4 

:atel 1 ian. Fir-t frmmn fii,- rilli-oi. Iit-in. tztin.-r lenern4 att 

vt i 

AXit 

-- ',nrn-. ingin tr.ipe 46111111) tino 52.11111 rovii m 

1`111.14144. ifflan.t. %Ii4.lvt'tWVnev -4111i VOW 

..NWmtO 

".duainmml ih twtbists tb u iin. owlm O"tNI n~nnh 414w .... I I 

nV. 

- IN... - 

I 

ini. ttjivrw. ian I,-1,l it jninrtflt not hi~ii ni l01011) pm.. 

A~t till- irntn-.' .4 Is tia. invii-14liniennt. t-r.im Irlen-tic~ .4 

tine it~tipoht~ el tlw inie jtr~j'ile photont the lint.' led fti the 

vinw-Ininnm thatt if t~n i- flonil1 tmtl unituioctl eCti.mpo 

rimnlil lIn. tnnnokim Aw itn.t i-nt.lth tlwm' i-,nimel In lefWt till. 

ilir. With tno litiblaIn'" per .4 pits mml ctin..'.. pnnt -es:- 

1111111 nlo'it.-ive-t'ptmn-so 4 tin. piti'h 4 4-idwi-l" ninfle inn 

Ow t cono' mitst~ lnww.' .4f vitnoimn tttiw'. iobunnil that in alli, 

- n--e-ty Im l y tilk' tmiti, %O;lh tine 32-in. Ionic talsowv 

.n.-t.. '. n.. 7 Widetlm tiwi-l Aw rifltltign fle tnnpet-d -. in-- timhe;* 

in. NDIW~ It.-1 ow .o.i A-t-5k) ,-liminmnit'.l ilw' Intt psriti'it~i4 Itsvn' na-n'nnity(i-nw~nJejirtnw 

in-.mnnttvwtum na it..n.umtvel. F'np.-vivn-rnuneitli the 

:::rN iwTiplI: - ,r " iofe-i- ht h t 

pIwi 

(,e~~teral 

.nriir elf .-rf,.nrntuncnt-. It turn--f, mn-' n.n~t. nitl ) ijntn 

that tif%' immly pimntrtiraI visit'-t i m-1tient f-it a Iqvt4np-n-'.'hw-n 

Int o tlw..'in' iir lth inn.... In-neigift.4 t :nlt.-n few Vgut ips, ti.'i-4.4 * a Lndl;ntInivi Atr~niglnt-i..r m- itn 'iiihf 

T 

-W~mi4~~ nn't au I inn-k-rtn'l r n.-- vii,' . d.ln:.s nivi-n. a 'nmulth lnatnw-n-iv-Impere nnlanln n. 'IAaln-.inoni .mm t inlml 

Im".in in'-A % ne l.---iwvl i;text[ Inn nt, Mi t~ I- anf nnin-inll iljiffr n- fii tin,- .J1mia.rck m:inptnt ins Innu\inig :n '-line-i 

In. maciln.Inuaing t in--.' tll. in 1 

1,-n tiaM -n;ý inn;,'.' .4 a thn nn:id I nilTt-r inn linvitig a vnntenxl nnIrm-itimi 'r~utnn it-' 111'-V 

0741140-161' nnt"nInni t in-itzen-nt 'In- fip-nunt'.. a in lnnl id- .%.-Inn r'ti. , g i nmt roie ,hi W-ins k- n\Ie I. hn rn.-n-v rese~n'll 

slwaln- t r mi1m-1 ei t rnitt6 IM-.-' lint,-n-n' tin.- in-n' In- n-inn , ".4 Lnptwi-. the -lmtl 4aýit14- ii-Y-w 

to( o fip. s lm- I m~v it~ r~rvvielvi 6. l o li - :-r, 

F I D-: NT % 1

SAS T-%uing of %cdajsitom 11 ahi' halatine;A win. the .-. "Iiin Mk III was 

Wramis' ilas,wn too the sssttaivs-ci shsnsa 

7111e SIifs Wsright :sshatife' Awn di ain Foaimn 2. wo W~tag U.S. %fi V 57-mm via. 

as m,0atlmulars 

W5U. Nqveial mitis'flniamal I i M ag-rar UUuL~ 'i ak' 41 

Nei" the mqoil WasW b'4tb5 a thfow Rals 40-mm 

011ithl? sa."isaa. fl11~ ra-silt,. motaiv fw ar ro s"tlsat-Ii. l t. 

P 

. - a 

Istraml theprsmrinwsowfwk n teiivtepsi've tapentl~ Kim 

Itlarm. Thar- s~hirt 4-in. taer vatoraaas'. lecrnasiikaps:nd woo 

ifoMhmDl emmrv aftlernine rivionalmi Tzeiis-rtaa X. 

ma 2i.in I, ngth perfairanvl Pgstideuslsarily witall- 

Arriq pVsnaswik'n. Thar braviir timplet ea$&ek~msuml 

SA 

[f 

pra~sartlraos weresMam fsst~ Ispsrfswrrn .i-alk~rtiariit with 

the 5-h& taprr. An 8-in. taeper w.is therr'(ssa mmagivl- 

vgml tohe Iw 

WeiEW in h milfw wats fairly ntiitl. .Adasptswu 

hhuvtrg,s prat-firil length. 19 1 

wfrm wantsfarititr'q with a III-toot lasst saa-riisn ass 0 is W .0 0 a a 

obut as Xini. anslaaasg as,22 in.The 21in. 

n -ngth 

tvwisrivit 1 npwt niat sink larraitstacs n( th lii- g-ser 

fat v-ailting Itimi st. tn esivoijlurtisas wiih tive' 

fmintm oc smmUb. 4TIs 11" 

lriun- IAti Y.)to NO ;I.rsv -W . 

ham vatm -s 

silv ructh. bsnt naim It'. ma. Ar the' lites ad the scaLiptst 

was isto a a"1. t s can Igo osrn c in Figuire A. thr ea 4i 

Ibis aaomi,~t Wax PreAts-? nai-ir the- s-n d the tin ap"- 

"Wds "ae9 staas in the aiirretimas. Oil`The asstsufe. hieffee-wi. 

sa(:6Gan Weaa Trste 

Tlag- ne-r in lisa gain% cc-goacl %a" Warit- high both m 

* £hPWmae~tae ti,-e einwa tea'-gassimon"I the'ril fs tttJ lvhe M61440 ainal in flea moatie IMPss at themsigin ed viii 

aalaeeapwhwe~hbmgrrthe4fý-aasn lancersntnlws jug. Thiss %"a tat ha- expe-ises. lot the finsi plate, the 

wtda&. this gyissY iv thetimi~lve ss Ptlsiggr whierlas lnr he 

lerAwimd *rmaintining cmuniiassktr thba-fsmttahon at( tho 

nsle-dr pu-assess' merto- a mnasti-nmtiml railisal hearing 

rurntpemmssl notinsg the r-ipsag-si area -i thea skirt. In 

Pro.ain s. the morainal plaes. the skirt is triacissf ls-wearhion steel 

111rain Wiae fiitmcairtmaento nate mad.. ftar sirer. anal it ias a knnmn (t.atmfsteel h earing an sateel under 

maim the~ agilety fartor which eticilsi Ihe mle-qre-t'l fnis-a lwvstv heatring iarmwiasa pnhrasltt 2 high rate of natr. 

the amlapts. In s(me s.,mr the meaim miassees sad sir. 

rcafrrm ia Jsfri-..Ahseejnl 0 totial 4E1(q)Olnq0V faila the 

1iwst this friatiossal nw-ar is wideml its the naormal 

P-rillifoamnestrl the (Wiltn da rnflinIL th~e essa-rrea high 

livginniag af the tapaer, 4400j psi ata the end al t the- mra is rovt sast Prprng. 

taper. small 49.000 psss in the mtislille- It( the straiight An allensheWat, "Infala. tso asih-r-e"Iale a irertamad 

owi~tiss. Throe *tre's-'s all h.a0 Ihe sucnto twiter-s-l Aahr. andt saints--a emerlmosm, is-sm Iseisal tfu the rear ,skirt, lict 

ceamprstWW. Trsere itao a Atas't Ia-rasal ad higch stresa bhesfvio tssfihisaptsieatiajn wasnaslatislatarfr.r 

whiehla sted wbile hiv skirts sier' pag-ingt the pjtaac- UWIth the. sirte'a-type- Pev'oja-ila. nagrr cavcerved 

a&M them a s-dative-lw long perintsa fif sfre-as reataseilb Isolasai in the grians-n* anal in the lanIsl. !'roertiss:e 

pir~rwae. ervyat in the gm..a'. SikimI pis.-stiare sti-sam. 

starte-I tout at 3balsoa 12.OWV pisin atk the 

lsss n-;tti~ wtisaml isa nAawn tisll"- sa' prgtduhly- t-,,ted 

t 

reinaiinK 1 the I% isvai-slosafiisnaa 4lihe lsgg*s44Y fitting prjetijmtic- in the 

tapser. men-as-ed to 16;.540 p-i tat the send df the t:tps-r. enlnrý-41 ,estlisn tester the liss'eth s-sisa at the niasment 

saesjjssmtti n 22.001--.i in the midlslesalthesstrniight ad tirngt Aoe ;nwen tithle simm fo Ear nar on the l3n&a 

section. The- gaIs twrm-.ist-. tm the asther hmttal sImappsaiI ar-e givsss in F~imss-w- 0. The fact that the mistzzle %-a~ 

frgaine 0.0rlpizat the Isegiasirajss offie tsvs75O is trs-nthet-1 s-latir-m 

hm eass-sv 'it main ttsle "retreorpoi 

at thec tend al the taspsr. mids 2,.(XXI Iii in there-late's tives-t ss itth ties Pits-cthat tissar neter shies stact 

-oe"assss ~-s ris ,s~Is-reti. .n if the fmis is;, Ili' slar h-pn"-or-stw ssiejrtaseti rs the -Las-I tws:ss-ncire. r-soite. 

rc~ir-i hignist id t11s- aeitisptsr-Is's- is I RIMlt poi. lsstsiivg thea aesclv lrmets- Vt.. pvorsre-r' 

Ww t haew aslipt 'esis ste at iesissa tat 0i a' -Iintl. Iis-snu pes---esrs- is. his~h. Fvwi-east hs-wta. 

6- hitch. s-s11.3s 

itt isw -r* Apvs'. 

as-a 7-m-m Cinjslieen Mek I I I Vin Jsa 11-in o It-ngtis. Isa- i,,m-lIivii-tal s4 Insittiin is high. .5. the,-xv -.pss i slils 

u .th, nhl AY sL4- "111122s' 'tsAA zs s I in sa-lsr tos pwas. asp a atirf~ees' film tan the pssjs-c-ils'asse rn~ n-idi,, 

CON IiEiNT1 %L

31114l W~'u 'in Ilk' looin. 4111) Off rap.1111 fi. I iiý %. I%-~ oarjlun*. ( lu',miiun plate kitll' it- I.v ros'l' ntw it 41N. 

to( pin. tle iwnconq..I ura ist-r I I:.' t'riin d4 rifling. fri~tHiiin apsearir too offor atual pop-iloilhitio of inerrast. 

can lhe r~~plaminei Ivy the facett' the- Ilkswe galuivitI ig sthe life tor thei'e mustlli adlaptive... if Flaking can Iie 

tnw~em. Urs'witAlmt ftiiii a ijiiiit#. t 14Wiao to r~~4ie L,. rogad noled. 

toffhq' hor theitoin .ne ,,rol no:mairu frir'isvm in thisi Wear urpAtsirroo masir with a -os4lit.* liner (Capteor 

regiton. F"14ltiia of' low fritjtimn at hoish .voliwity 191 in a .Se..nmun nItila~pt~w. Turny-firrnond-t4 o 

*hirbe.- in pIsat froi( le fuel t hal tIN' lWAw. 441 p-n in Pkirlcd prujcih..io. Whineu~d Im 2) rivand.. dof sandaw 

the falsr is ,nlwtni-tjntial lemot th~an can lie uolso:,airvi 

leaurn onstruhat; I1301-4 ltt roorifriento to frtiao at 

.57-mam IrI pri+.-milro. wt". fitrrl thrrough this linrt 

with loop aoparrn' wear. Theror was a Asight cracking 

DWMtA1 relor,,awa. .d...rt %. 1ii. W t~it iwa 0-4noabily~i rati."~ 1W the liner 

so A issnotslsoalaptt.r. It i.titnah wlha'lgtunuttiht 

1lll J~nTr WiattatreIKI liner eNteloohflg 12 to 13 

vlt.4lift.-intool muzzle aulaptur wuuldW loave a lung life. 

I~* PtlRt)JCTLi: DEVVILOI',I :NT TV,-rS- 

AI Projectil Skirt Test* 

r".4 s uu1. wiuri.e 7. ^1M wm in twit. Nov. 19 tt ci 

I "Mo mn i b.. Esguito ioo o AIv. .;s " mos FWW V is i nr A mnulorr W8 rataul.. warn fir.4d with stivel-boodied 

%[)Ile "tpno'.t..M praire.tilrov tob dterrmoinie sopuimim mwma.&irt thick- 

was Attempt.. to Reduce Wear %* in. All showwedi polh rrsullt.4 at porti...itt up to 4 

Varikas methods. were utsomptrd tit it;rrravr lthe 

went resistance .81the adapotor. hiv urfaetre atment, 

40,1310 psi in the untornwmnted vented tithe with a 

lt4"n. taper. 7lie~ projectiles. weighed alamut 33 us6. 

Other lisihittright pnjvct~ilot-o perfumionet well with a 

lInt the... wevre, in ge netr1l. iinsurroovftl or inctinclu. !164n. tl'ork rtearskirt.llnwevewrit was. bounnd. by teats 

siwe. Tlse first* adaptiv wa, mnade .4 Nl F 713 -teel, % idthlipeftipgten carsie-cmm'd typepr~ijertic (which 

and gp. earbueviucil to a Iwlne...~ 481 hlcorkiell C63 on weignwil tiliout .50 ozo, that the mnitimumr thiekocam 

the...eteredt.ullwo ieeasie. Crtoo Prtioningtand lmetal. that %tild atarid tip mrnckv firing was 7% in. 

hjgrphmlie e'~aminzttiun .81 the mustile end after mixi Mirruflatph pictures. o4,nirtn that the rear skorn had 

ruund,. had Item fired throusih thtis atialitlmr oshowed a A.ight tenthencv to btill..ion -it high orrewiety tinder the 

iourfart' cracks. to a depth of approv.iniatelor 0.0.35 in . artivem it( the plmitiosive charge. A 'erie sit tevits was 

On lthe taxisti..4 thepoe rewuiltol, later kifletn% oralled fur and~ertak4en to dletermnine the etfectoi on the skirts of 

heat treot3in'N! ; 1749 strel and drauing t ttor~kwell high presi, e... Alight flarinou flithe rear s~kirt, as ob. 

CM0. TheseV Were more iice.~~l althiluagil in thle ver-Pceil frontl thcsse ofia 81( l holes. in orarillitaurd screens. 

te,4 sufoneasnlap',orPlitclit clwckiinzat tlee utizzlitewas imweurrl edlnoree pn uresisivof. 45.00ati)o~ 5.3000 pli 

ol*.erored after 10.1 rouind' hail ren tired. No clisrok. (coppler prrsmsimrl. Btreakage .4 the -king w.ze ob. 

ing or -cuiffint nas. noitueril-e ion anym 481 lthe othewr s~e-it-.'l in tine, rinuinita t:. liwa p is" ure4rea, 44,670 piti. 

adapirt ors.hat tri:tcale in hIN. .iiatwer. No tolw..ervtior faringc was uowmsoole at a preastire as 

.Anodw~r was errnii-l teit a ticur. 4v high ais 50'9WX 4. 

00tE3 in. at lthe Nat iijtiul !liin'aia tof~ anhinflar, Aftp.r It caln l,4- 4'4tvichiilileA that ltle kirt-larraka~im limit 

40ninu. o nmwa..eralble %%ear w~as oirt.4-ml with for fleetreimwd. hpflIjetili -irt tleimt in very 

1v.ice.. 6h"ever. at it44e.1aii 7 ii. t i. oi lii. 1lii's' t~it lite tnuinsium pri-4...reneiitln by 

hIe-ginning to( fie- atwsr thlen- wams arcgionAi.t a lire th1w t li y~rl fu~r u's. it ith Iih4i. tlypr 4 w~in. At 

'sirfaiw. aaA rlwrk..q twir usiIT.. . AI..i, in th I~e- rtuzlit If 1~.3.4m p-i the niotzili %-ol. it y .81lm Is itiul .Ic,ign of1 

zereti-on4 aloomit an inch fru thi e end cis(liv te tapt.r. lite the. .1i-. isannif-n-pierring ptosiri't ile 6 &-ltiouatt..l to) Ile 

chrniniiiirn pla.te apgic-artsl too i ha v flakecd tillT of1 I1 lk, Ast 4,M() fps,s 

CON FIDENTIA~L

Vuucy~~~ t Iw oe eetiw f fo~ac cith wortlrc t.Iwvvwu p.W el feevotaiie.. 

r r fnnel eekirt Imiv4iitei,4 ecee'n. eel :ep'dee .%ftte 

Lrte*,wi 

i' "i; 

cciih i'-.gu'ei teo x in acrm. I)Ieenn uce'ncw- 

Irmoeee~t'~c it "a.ee feceeceel tiori mwe potioelttil'ev 

tfl4e 161 e'eowiieroi footi Iet Wa 3mcce aclr nol r."L 'te l w'te ~'I~ cv. ~.:knepee toe~e ibd~ntlflpe 

1 

IT'Wa hota ' %. ,in Itw'n'I fro ott .irt A itl It of raijkict 

68114W "a teb siecagepaeh. til a eevi~tmaeer eat ite. lous.e. 

Iltomon."c. vie 1aaeWom m~6 .& to" 1bmo 1 1w e* ciirallieL 

lieta~lli' tl.'e'teiel if# mo'eewt fte t16 "in tww'timeil eof the 

ceeee' 'ceteaimwe in a ice.iwe~e4 el Uh'kedtI4 t&eai 

II44IIL 1210264' 0"4e.che eeithe 11116d 

1t1,4 ONe' ec+''ik e'Ate 3~.e 1eel 'lofeiegmceeet rnf-ielv. It 'An" 11 letlem 51.1cceeeil 

Ic'pr fron e Air' 'e~le'e rc'vc'c' 1tee tee thee. eeateel xohm ecci~i 

in m. 'I'lee. tige l (nieuc -Lirt let, 'itm-o. pe'-rfet'tne'el 

c~ieit* eecateel~'tecrei. nf.' tarauceee".ct et'p'wirnlti-m t.',de edlwecerel that 

~UIM? l'usn~o~gnustk-0. 

tflop %%iiceloie'he oie'i~tgn is v'ct"tiie4v tcupie'tnt at hig~h 

eel em,64lieirti'. flt:'f-r air upltceuhirl thin', reel" 

NoA mawhmin tt-teintee am Imse uid iee valirir ele',i~t,. too 1, Tee eew- atn cipdve %it I a leete remt wW neioin to 

the e'e~uivc. leewieCeti. fl..c e.' froo n n-ir ikirtee. Ac'. )eu'c'e'eu ,.erieeees rn'tccc'ei~etje in C.;4eL 

fueal ptVae'tiee inslee ie'ei- thaet thiii te ccc vee r li'llecteetleit 2. 'ree stimupeec toc. aiegmnul' carljg icrk e cteul pn- 

Iaritec'in the. mt ih ilict ti Ose' lec.ej'eiviii6.4 leeel te'.tle le in entVct "eAta~ttvriiiit" tepesh inipac 

empier tile' join. TIle' freeceg "Liii.eetl 4 ilee' ciw .ee eel ( &. Te& prorvee t.w lomercj'tlik- L.me ewiing. Ow 

twring'e'en mcg nvil.pf 11". jice neetivi.' i alt tinceý,.e1ee 11nitoer 116ilati'~ high"~Ii ueege'euta m 5e. 

ing dk'feee'aeati-ewi. tee lirnvint tir lse' ll recce e'eicecning T:"tee ceoith e*%- to pr' leIeje'e'ilc 4wmecece leejif "eAl. 

itteetle' t1e' 1e0tee'. IneMa *ese eV tie.11' IMeteIv%- IS(e', eeln 14ee -l'.t" 1411! Vx'uc i'e'eQie "ejug maeee' a a~i t whine. 4 

til', oA iuceh wen'tmere n eoos e iv~~o :ee en rc'=ee eV tI%- eie' tel jiodetwie freeeee c'-ml"toe ee eWwcr highia-c 6rnit ' v timnwt"' 

attyl mieclietie '-.Po ec we ih-l-#. ewe'tp, tan eAse rartceel'.ree'c'q proec''ita.ek- so"e' as the' 2-Ipeseeettcw 

ekmnal miumient ee4ci v~a . eelx Amot''iel. Nelk I Iftlujece'.a hn' ebestie lilit tee"c'i pci- 

A~ 0'c't itecc el t4t'c the %%in rl-~t ecee eel i lee preje't -the fe c'1licot nthtl c,'ele i? !Iv riths" w it e et'wind-. k 

6 c'cwitee'c lic' the'mm true a'eei cu it. leenec'. hees 0 lur~e' e'irnele Oitch e'fee'eiosn.'. wa,. airS. 

cEe'ctt iipemn the cecil.' eel pevoe'eir'. 

The tccuctc'irvi has1en e''int latetr ili-.uot.. 14e ke'ep 1tie' * 'rest of' H~ight Uurae'tuiti, 

ur'ar skirt a. (i frILeeek .el 1toh e' Ieceur e4 Krae'et it.va pp 

Aoe'lr 1e .v flioneinift i e ccv.' GI~ eric l. Iit v It- rc've eeceaium-ie'e 'Tie-- a si,' mtcc.ee (vre t hat the' auawelee' ic'icrit'. pro- 

A-ie'gn I ~*thle Fromee ALint liii, Icc.nci.' ,''e ase fer ehrle''i Ii %-: ritltige e eis h tt men ini It).'cAlt-eroe eecilht not 

I.vi etail ac pmmslte ccet th*ictic.ee into' r(..a~ii iols Ow VcI cec- Me Iwe ccti. cceite lte prire~jtl' c''tcrmil f1'eKh m1uletiut' v r ) a 

teicer ul c'ec( t e ~ ee' tnir-rlfier .ee m:.c mie Iitp eeccidtcl re'- e'Lrte'.t % e jlreeje''t tle.. It ccA4-c iee'4Iiclt hut fni;t eo.ndl 

t'civie. tiw. ictutceeieiiht1. lien'.',.i et~cleet44.e11 dleenjeeK P~ek'.e' 11.1-11141 thee' tUPe 

lsen tire-t "kin m creente .'.iet cc..;.4A c.I( le. 1444i 

110heee~ fej,. %%:%- .e fal t m asIa ci ar evn as c cill lee' 4- 

lc'1m r. Iterie-w-tteirlder t'ec'teceymr Fe uti ,ckirft'e 

pro.. 

1 

jetOith' 13e e lee VA- eeie~Ieue ý1`10ei VAcc-.e'tc Mec':c11celc'aentl 

4 ee v nte ' alc e.4 jn'ec''-e. ee0' (noe" re~pcticece I11 

te'e'tieese'l (n-eee ilk fIcc'toeeev, it ccie ti'ee e 1 11~m'.t i' 

11t211 1vel' tel'c:eule eet ii'. e% eecr me:,, ;1:-1;ee -K 1 .iuec~( 

.1 "-i't vc'13eek ofl ieet'I paet I.,e eeit.a it, I's-'e'etitee fnecen 

V 

itfeehce-..ceee SA. i-:3 M,~ 1%i.i Itil Icc all ec viliael hdielrlee... ite %%1 c Iitehe -ctv 1. ;ea\ ie Ii t ceceeceeci4 ieel heni.t a:e t 

eel ItewkcseI' 10e47-9,i ,a, ice eeeeim tee lee' 'cejweecr tee Ie.ish 

toItP ic t he 

i eallee' rc'- ceeeeele'ct 4 iecc'rtiot. 

CONFIDENTIA~L

The nlicKlt5u"t. Umix t i.i tor awH rtj.torr et ool. Iit ..rlhr too rlIwvk tlm-m' n-ttil,c :in ait laltior ttffich I#idsl 

:UillpoI frihis tiw. nor-i-mrivent, -of the. fmp~iv.wy #, Iwo.1,4,1 %iihq wit it-owrn fillip %;I,. 

.asiLAti4IU O~f SIW.P. fs.bt;I... ..elsIm'nDae. (.ug, 2 Itire 

ttlmot~qt list- ;mu- ist ".,dm n..psin-oI itt.mWunit if iawnu tiA 

j iper.. in.a~.4 Ia~m~e te ~ num 

t.16.-,11il 1 m-nt- mttIete 40 flpiffing e i"nrwitst ltw Ovid 

m .. 4A~s Ancloonf,. "j.d r ~amr so .~ heots ta ooermuiesidio 

im ma njottiorkavoci n lwosnof .w t'tri in 47T io.. 

,It'tivAq (rim, cotlioti~n 2111, Ir..n, thrirensl. it ra.n In-. r..nrwhgi~m thist lip- 

71 iasie .4tof Ol olerm .e in fip. nismsent I( inertis after 

s' 7 okonattn th tmv nicllr vt Ilwift: floo thiA 1t% re poro.. 

iite shc;sr ticnI(tI01a1 ma i .rotml inerramn, ksy -aI...t .13 per rent aftior 

in which bid thn* krisgih ill win.~d 0 

af tha lmire materkia. a is the rudiue of "h wire, and r an i - t #4 ahu 25pr 

6 iN tme navinvil tinve Aw. A bill .mowflaiiiin. 77se rrtio fill- ro-viit.,.. i~t 10per rent twoing act-4ontr.i (o b 

titmunirvilstiwh eist ul 6 n-ailly cornsitt .1 m(40 frieia. (i..tici,;l 14nooo.. .rew-srrinst th~im g4lotArnsultin. It iMn 

time (213 aois I, lm-a .e.n rims thir me,.4ilt, thit the pe..eviroilik 

no 

-A Yitriws' 

(21)~ 

21. 

i elwt irrn~-n tim. lheti.'w warime~ar.-or. 

. to(~ Oi,.erie.,.eI ALnIl~tt id..ift~ $AiemncoI in I I 

if IIseIN. 11it tinsem ;aivis. nN,on~i N *th tin- p.n, jer.t ilt it ALirfoil irt.'ti' it nijar Imp . pm. ilolto fu slerate 

.iojiiAwptisI~ fr~wam tiar' winor wirp. Ilv tip. ,.4nw tisoth~foonl m timmiil.. near Owi;n in the xwtnn.lanl Kisun .afta .lil 

the rusisal d the amuml nwmom'mt- t4i.n im-ri mt.... .am. Usahtaga Ifiabs ostalavils.y 

after th4.wrmai.:im ros 

I 

lt, Im..I~tsinriv Stanimlitiv fautt.,rt Impe .i1-itatril -4% thm le... Ino 4t 

ollitui cgol,,iisn~ (rm in .n, c~imr' ý,.osrrd at inr.t intervatsb 

uAllow 2I191 ft vif thle firing rn~nrt. Fr.,... the,.e the 

nmte.4 forrcidt ' n-Ith lensth ti tvi petinul 

(u114isqint icon- I i-rol tin tihe renift. .41 th iring. 4j the 

* Tvj..' 524~-I .rt'tl %i~ a ftacltr o;rtnrdt I &. In 

-irro~v m~id., thiree. #dfr wrl" hit'h 

r .'t to 1%*L- t A~s.AI 1 

if ,- ,i llt e w tii tof lt~e lirli p l v r -irct ale s o 

T. in, tt.1t]it u.,t,.w 1,1,4.- i. . o .,i "sýri' tirrI. 'Re reml t ,tIt, gin. ir'I in'raile 2 4 C bripter 

lftml'I4,5Mt 6 ,.. 1i. r1- itno h- .. FK is. i. xtin- Tnim rtorf p-tiiitot o.r In-.. \*.). itrl; it. imsi in thii 

21 is NlItC! ll--twt X-.. A4-.4M I... qIriit. 

'1ls.-.,. nif-thtst. t..*rv titviloto -tetri-vitte Ilar tftiiitI it t ht' ti iftI ie T~t~-i.tii.rn he 

folloiting ;tn±tlar trr. 1itenrii.-. (4w tine Itvp. pri .jetIij i, 't i %0Clit. 1 

i.tipT lippnt~isatll niv 4(AI fr., 

(No. 524): 

A1 Isvolor F~qiirtwosef 

NI. A'~ til On'. no~ ilt'fMI it. 

tin.n nos frii-titwt tin th,-t i. 

%*(.,Ir titleo, .Iff..iruii..:ltlit. 

4 ht' .. f tid,.- ;iit'trr'. .h~i. It its Finiirt' til. jimivl-4,t. 

ter, lit tl di. 'iiriti~m if lt e mni. %n %st. fimtitt ,vti:,t 

ills: from I.. he mi-ii', lie jimievmi~~ il.*. 'iltr~i' r-c-iminm Y 

0tt c.`, '.s: , tlite rtgifin ha I4 tlie jinterf. e uf Itlie niitmt,11tcr 

m' lmw 1:li~tii ctin midi frill tIl ic s andl ;it rk 

fi-umi 

4. f)tM 

mg..r n-fi -4 0' 

tfitl.. ( 19 NI ndo 

I1 in.ii,. (imit.--r6tl jitti- ii !i.jr;.js in ImLtidk m i ftic titi -trt A larice 

atlt sutiwti tft.itili,0it %Aeiikii-om~mertii.mtmle inil( rhr:%.-r olf 

fr~n itnm. if trnmiit f,-n. tiui, .ti-rvt~ * imi t~irmifit, itIrtiti :in ..til.-.-i. 4ite ttii prfiui-r.-ir-e

,ltmi U1 fl1w 37/14111 l-kill"! .L ji&Ir~j".1lo it. i. Ivit1rljq w ON"4 1Ad ln~ts Itiotoo I .4m ha. RfritiA. .h-.XR. 

cu.wfli. fict w~i. 411tvt nim"A. 1,. Ioi 1* 11 , G,. rivi fZSII,t w Lairr *ionEFISIIK ,W"'. mil'Ir ust"11.-a lloý .4r .'. ":l 

r31i .441 ~ :,ltiiiiVr, ~ 41w twn I~t~l oA- in eirklta. I",+ (-v.Imlw it...o faio. 4.4tc~m in 1.-l N P)1 t 

ttenirw-4-6. Ili Isn,,g 'list.. a.le,. wal o,~.w di.Lalc lin vat i l-I ul,. ooliiYIli 4".t$si 

%.ký Cilfq-116wi I Itat .11 Ill~id, :uk .,.. a oqo.K atsln-ailim 

"'ilmlo"tiou' 4 .t1.1w tt,,m 1- "urle11,*g room' uA.v fnwn. it* I*Hl4rL Tow,eve ow CouI 

.4imi-al tooi..- plit.. ln* *tivig1 s-KwI at.1 .I"* lit Ctailnv 4 l~, :I'llftaitio 111w ilow mlvior. i' l thutt-W 

I-lw l 11Wr ip.mmiltil..At 

.It~tlil~llbarlInI. 

I.4in Qmh tlow, ;I#~ I;-I. 

%fl -1114 

x#21 gyfiniiiia iit alvl.I UIIoti.61- 

(olua. 

Cr' .1IAIiil'ci .. f 

4 wi atMI%_ r04:,'4n.I,.if't~f (,,..w k-lfj I..II, ' n 

lie 'noo ag. ."i .4ta rambto i-ri II..4... 1,4I. *I'rat r..i rro 

I ~~c w.jate.w.* Atat.~I wL ~hI.4 

tic au luo . lw'.~i. n .L-.n... flu-n' lien.h . tlui:,tI ,wnf .4lllf~orMII l 

siqnt!il" lif Ilt1' LielfI%"A "0vth'l mette,n 

*t'I-e-igiv atwil I I..% urw e- ;I, rl% Al lanail al il p-. ht.' a# irv mni-ii.I i. Wit.ll IH1tl.11..71. i- r-ons...kr.itlly 

55.6Iri".. 1 i-a 1,11.... fi , tll.sI 1 Ilw-m-f,.,. * hi..h Itm.tm Im tha 1150 Iv'- ist~iatictitifl R.4 DlI )'t I ,pannA 4y 

lo 4 imlt %m- ,.'. i 4. .ma wi fl o. a*illuu ii.I ins licit WOO I#111.m.'va ft.a ,..,-'Ndttocr -owiw .jw-'ilml-..t lud. 

ne.4ng .1 wt,.4 Inh'aIl is., I.' lw-hi. IWIvIrl.tl It... ,%We 11.- lrx~f.,*r-r mi.vi4ai. .dnv~ho .4 14 t..nig~tru 

-A tItWrIvi., 4,,~'KIWiielu~l"l. cgm 11.u~iiqw...' ra4 srl" . w'. num'.,teimiUtivoill. I !tL+ 11lKtsImail rvol . 

pwrvfl..I to) lw' "htmim.I1 (Xw,mvwss..bl %im64kuLA- 9.I. .d 

Tag: leA. Ittuatcrrill %I-"- I,. "Ai I 31" %.*t* toai.1oI. wawtI, I 

sumommiwl b"I an atmW lva4.llotet r-.lplimn -1 1tvIwg II 

of* 1.11D,111E ~loi alit I a mittlimuite *4 tI 11 7g fi.4 warto of 

Mobil rl-wilnt in lilt- Jo..-%vitli.w, id riwa. 4Amile,.g 

"int trc~qtiiih- ?.AI tin rtk,.nvt,. iii.. tilt acui 

nu.ss4 lIit.,itiigt.,t .. w,.r 

h.mlan x~rrr I~r.-1.'iý-'w'tiiui'.Jt-,CthuI4 INI.9)O 

tjhw. * orfr niamil~faciort .. I with r1 -k~wiatc mis lkah. t jsuN wit viasitimm t~a .14 o It.4ll I"s Ito"t I&111 

I'lole .1 I'" roo. i'li ~ f~lt fM~hisj'i'I ed211.171111 Iv-i iIw-nlia,,antivm .ju.4wtl.0111m s I,. l thii.k 

igip"Inlaui..lY~ th.il .4 I .,,i.-frit rar-.,,.is. totel untfiko Tow a .4ai i%~ nrt~rgrmwgsI o" (Utlo, 1 fu rira'l th.'..a 

limtofl.I-f "r-Itsw. It 10 it "I"Vl l It. Itat "ý juvyi&.ltin.l- NtImNvv.rt. s.im -il 131 4 vigaht ptreoi.nd 

flej.. mmxri- frun. 9J3 Ili list It.. kLv.i- It Pt..ljrre.I.'. in ro. rwaf...,n.fI 1.1112% r fritirsierc' .plitro .tre'e.tthi 

"w'tirl,11!11:1 iut "', "- " a.. pI,.-, ;11Wi..J .4l I'%. lIWtllr 11451;L511) it.' tIk-,r 't'"flotii4lioi. tha the rurra 

%'III 'nK .h,111-7 :1 t -'Klk .4 -9.,hw. '' E~ -lkuuntes#., I i wont .1ml a.-mtin...ww i oriptoii in OI h .alt,-nal li.. the. 

IV.,"... i-i . I. M-6.1,k -. "'-p lV4 .p..in.t-m .w~m'rr.ium 

u.nd "p -s~~ n,uo i- mi 1k, !- .1 *I'-oorn tI ],..rta - 

-'It, vot-'. obtsm"An, with j ý1.....d l..li.ir cap with an 

TruewTr-r. rittitiee-m tn W11% thlraw 

1 

TI1mv ltinp.- in ritrI44i' *ufrmur liefridl 

%riv. mAiii. 

to1 riIY theS 

abintinimrnd puti a tip. I-W.1 t Ia it. elur urnk-f I lf. Tia. c~ort. It.LIa~lY Iu-.,ko 

T....li.. 

o(V *gw .og miti two dwc .wcrf~w-i in tIha n'm.un ui 

restng cor* o 

1a.' Vrarflins'. 

CONFVIIDNTIAL

w' i * rKF vI mv1 ic i; TI: GUNt %ND" A itli s ict tgilin~ to t Ia i l tn Vn lim titali Few ii * 

smiumI I nEI Pittoaxij Inc'rrr. m 

14 1-%1 -~lk 4:1i..n -hiettl Itt. F:i*-~g164'tne., . 

me, Fqhr')IwInsteph. f po 4j2ijtr ImWAIVq is Slo "e wil ihe 

ambow-i9.111K1r9. isii' UpnvfIIP ltha ifin-te-9 rarNbitl 

In ta" .4YiTlt ti. p.Iimistlatv Iin9f9-,M4 is fw11g.' i49l'j99' its ri'n1' 14 tIM r,411fi' huid. It is timwn inn fib Ill- t",Kpcrtc' 

ist-IN.1sve-Iaists a..i I tt'* Allw itic". C-a9lrl ra,. 1w -rh t. ,in % 4I1119 6 :11441, 1IM n-,, t41111 ig..i V hrIIlg t~rr 'e~ 

I~nfl4ltý.A t11h1 att~ soc t -1ig 1 144*tt.i-I Jim- 1,6441's,.g.KIcra Untow rualm1r .t qial 4.14 ghg 111(41 

l atgl,'. 

lto tb.ý rlt'iouner 11f lio4w1k . lim- oiaulif% 44 Iarfi.'n6;itiari *l1M. vi-vitris ed tim- jost' :at tIll i uppre14its, fntk- 

g9im9.9-1 j n'tl siWMi ~. liiM. 14-10 uti,. Illi' 

.h-~g4,. 1 

fell"-1t4,i *ibel -11gl 111Li 1 ,t~w% hic -Aa 9:~g.4, 'ma.wtive lg! 1 

,m~d 'Itanul 

I 1w,, '~h14lugt 19:934-4 1111.14i ,'g~ %II 

the 'k~irti'.I m~jctiIV-. is% )setle ariftriv i . no"u ari7,tu 

:iir.' 4'h:trt 4111ilti rinifrtil9g'I a1N'4I awnI 

isOib in mloichI tlw,.- iteu't,r. Avrr' r*'nitrtltt. It141 n also 

1 

114111 im rl i-Mr. 14 hh ian : ivt lutit's':9l o h * 0- l ov, fl vto l ln 

ONu'.Iagt'tr l OWg~ t t i' h lihit nil~figh t:11:41 : 4gu g 16iI 

1 

(141" fittlIlatzg 1114- jm...li- -If OW A~' lit Knols 9I~ nLativ' 

,o 

list. I w I pn. -iglt 11i'.m.444 tol es 1 .9 I. 4 gti1ggtIt' ii'Iijri. V. 

fir inji4jt..ti~.. ..4 q'9999: run- -io%'.Alm-it linnIl (rtsit its, '11w- s,3ttr rig.I..'. urr Iir:i" it tit incloggk' all 4%opto aJ 

Poem-ts r9'. 11tio wkatL99immI4t inimnrvo-r 

a. ~ 

to th the. 19*5th. valli .4 Jim' tInt-rat' fg'Kt 4d veI-vitY. It ruan lit- rmt..4. 

~ p i A.s. fn( tho- aumitrv tof lthe tT914 "tilt' ptvati'd a1pywtiew tit 

1 enbgmt a, list t''iiv %41w' i i,. ing'n',4I. '111i"' gitl'. (ifltnir~v 

IsIs 

a 111"Itim 19i~fiWltt ift (l'ur~i .4 11 pripjrei'tls 

g'low'r it(4topi" lits K'tits, noalttiiu gt tltk9it 

at 

* - - *'*'~~ 

] 

'fl Tiomat i oal. 4.21 to? 

11. 1tki rirw'k. is liww lrtIin Figint14 12fl4 The tprujt'tle 

its firt4'S frlile V.111 to l S.2111 

P.I9o14it in tlw. oaittusr fiK'int. was9,1fgagzifolu ft,,ii nine 

js,..i~t ~filte 

at itmir tl 

,~ haU)rfwr '9114ol.4 ltei A 1 .IfoaM 391' ('14't'( I.0 fal. It the diA., 

~~** -' * ~ Ik-1w' iu lopg,, . 4 tt% Ii t ln pr. 1. i, in vor i-IL' ,gtIt lte 7 in. 

at ION Yof1 vgtier lit IA 'isfle pnr(ji-vid9 witl. b'it e "1gt9141 

. IrI (t99i 31 Ft rut ffoi.. dI'~i-lanc for lthe iwtplcrl. 

.10 11w4 ps9i14rltviwn-oneit' 91g!t 4d the' %kirttA, pr~siri-filp as 

W' ~ 1w40 iI % i ' l te . its 19911. 99 tilt 9t 99 -f94 v94tit 11' iiiitinlI 

-.. ... .. .'949 (niet ;I twoo ie 94 "919'4 t~ atmo 4i urivi r of9,9~ grm.il it v 

gi~~n,. i~.It 9-, 9*99~ -~ 499.,9,f i. 

9 'i94I'j"i vwr ' w' Him 9:tl 9, ~l..iotati:,rtory .'ithe 

t(( -0 .99919 9)b,x 9.' 3 i - 1 O :9 9 I lt, I-0 V.NAI I lg 9,'2 19. 6%. 99 1 914. 999.4:niq -1 f 4.911 1 t.. 

991 ,9,I,999-',9 91,99 9 .~r9,- t-99eo r-li' , t~,. i' kc-v %vn-99' 9..' ti il-.4.tlv,--99 IVA it -99, lw , 1',n P thesei 

194(99(1'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 999 ;99911l~ t1r9919t' 1999919T999.. 199 919 9j,9 -t 1 -its %%a .19 tol d19 ti...!g 99 999119tl c r ;still

em 21 in. ;it 1,1%vl %A. :e.'.4ieecesle ;%egese. tip~gtal Iw tI " '. Ilm- gut' ,...-.*.,.f p1w hr Itcc vImsneccpI-% 

flor i a. -Ir.lg~eilcg hw. 

Tie,.. el- ;IA-p~e m~.'.w-"jj:'t g,'e':04e lr 

lis-it-a' c-,g cIh tim - il %.ee'~Ie w i e-eftling tl cem 4w 

kiac~ m. tee l44wr.~ it Ilif tiuebfo-. tee0.401, :io-ttlent ?0.. te Irfwllre 

Pow It-e 9w.. fiaureov-1 vyew'.ri eel popp, nwmfieg. st".e #lo eq "ilewepM, tip. TIu. t17-. "Woo ;101ne'w-ww to p 

iem tip, Nr!t. 1t1.1, :1, eefeeprimetio citir ta om lopli'~ IA~q Aiith ot.oeilil v htiie...oe&' Lt"e hyp e hift diticc pipe 4'eeote' td 

(ti'W 1114+"e'eP Ie Iw fin.I 1w ftip,. Iale ,et e'e"414.ec too hlro' Itn iee, 4"Smcb. ""111- pewovie-e aeeitt 10 

a ua. gv~t~el e'.eeI 'cw' n gee.eetlei 'ci'etle. Ic~nt mm1~411, IweeNM'e -- !a'.ee eeie'nen 8% 3y . thol 

ewonnaI lte tile 2iwei pleat.. at tirMmonh1.itv'of ci mIrst. 

STm irt teenass, re-towe-ktoo tn oo-otiotwts n"w;r Ilwre-uk 

AI."Imieorw P,, lrIq (;n'11111 we. ree11phuc'l miib lime- rispee ee',eril Its Ked.ot-eAil RII lote fl'W1 i~tert to-tot 

peel.., J11el 31I,tcteer.. :e,,.I wAiti,1% I i % Im to eel kirftAe ot.-iip'ewe Vl t.mital tki ckIN tn-Atue-ct. lile- *irte. %.ecld 

I nmett" , .m %le iir,oo' too'e Pep c'pe-pci ft 

ani vam timec.',* e eesiivcr, allo9t 1-16111-"4 I I Nc foieepp . 'A 

a wrVIV 4pcc noetelm'oek iAt CoMll#U p-'(o 4 w 

ifil I(4ou~rL1r 

Vs 

fli., m...ryc, e"or p'ppee' 

the*'.' eil ..4Ie-r teeec-4'.tec :deI'reilIr"e'ie.' 

11woe gw'rfeeeeeee,,ee to( did Ice . rtim ec I le e'e itile ":I - 11c ec l h 

tworto thits woom #.a I.. elpmonewlch.ImW iep..e 

at 

Jiem- Noeff,.Ee ew Itw'rlece'ti- 

:1~r fvim ee e'ee'tl'lej iil 

livit o xcl rmreet t 

eee li e.t I- 64c c khol,1c 

clip. timoe', miter Am 'teeeiv 4 tip. w'eetoe.. that# tIw "ao- 

gAtlieeefiewt e.w pcpce :'gcpp 1 petocca p e en'ul etw to. n di-peepeec I" 

Ioeepet~o't 1lee. 11111g. 14' Leec~cer Ite-.enre'l, atee 

olfectep 

in e-ejepheatiecee "ceicl e aceie' eelihc-i-tpe 2. Xi IC(. 

eecl tecj gceecr.cec le el ;rcecce.gci:ete. eo te'.'I fte let".'.' 

t'ie five~.e eel icpcpccic -fi ccth~eeeAiroe ofe Id leic.. P ide.e "oveeie 

fleet elic*eleuI ~~ter~n oodf 

1,eAn Atstit tooltc~~l n-o p.0 toit 

"NoN 

fllcee~~~t eI7~ie 

_eeec 

2.alka filc .'Im gein *e 'Ai~ lilt: I f.t4t'f~ 

eice.\ \, 

11uedic1 

IM1ci tite lCAnPe* - . 

* ~~~~~~Ill 

wel-hoo-qvc elo t Ow jcr'chic'c of -wo- ec- 1c a lcutt it vcitootf 

I,,-,-r--1 

\l.'4

toM ?T~PIKEDI-114114k ICN~t %N1P 140,1111M) PROHJIRM~I.A 5 

thb" (fg".: 

1. 11h .4flkjtin lvt*4qw. s ( fltoon,~ tl* 

four:1.-,,. Pl:atratt aIIOKI'4 greater 0.111on3-5 uJe~ne'o; four 

4-itt. ;olalt' l angle%. Kcro'ttr thian 27) il~gevm-o. kndo row 

I. 7ii..antle of( ofioiquoo:1..1 1o Iteo oonoovoi plate. 6-1111. u101 I' at anKI t Kite' i 4Tr titaitll o lt-igrtv-M FootY 

&. 11W thirlntrooo do the jO113iP. l~ritiaol, i..oooin.Itsr olioaolioog -,alitooi wtith 1.1-in. 

euj idew atq vismir otf isksk VON-o t 1wo4L. Frsi., auho tiskswite. vaorlsislit-'o nionaotisIotitv iatlk than~k t few ftirih 

-. --- %--vv.- at I the Jimrb- 0"11 .Inrtomj) r&*v. .kaiff laea R ofE tt 

Nwn nud I'ie it elii .,iNoo aIriik pl ou om 5 vivritlawtit 371111 3.11fps. t".vi"I .50 f 

tjooor. Als klirh-i poectlt4 

lw ,okiftoi ar 

j. urito' eis is vionso. inic's loik~ e lo o't tov troo utlive tinu tie- 

mitiet b *'tai **si th.ilii ilwlstoPooue I 4Is i~t oufkitv prmouratiand oie tlojtrito tide oalK5 

* 1 ~irnojertilo' 

O46'Efli. It 16%. liven tsofvoIl t hat t 1w perfiwoinaae ati 

thek A.irtotot ;orwojoiile i.. itootter thanzo that ouf the AarA 

:ot b4ow uoiugdo' or Itillititttiv. T1i iso v, ppar.. 

d.ivelo. in putrt, to' Ilse trrAter worixw oar RioaCt ta 

I ~ ~ ~ lk 11waooltls in ro'roiornm too the %nezt ~or cotrn*-p'wtdinx 

= ,,~~prtoa~ 4i the ltniti.Al ;oroojo-iite. Tin' nooght's of the two 

* ~~~~ ~t tltor I". sokirted ivrosjo'otitt tOOT apruxrimateI 48 now 

-- ~ ~ ~ i 191468ao, n~wto v. hile tlo" we'ight iof the salsoot-tsro, 

_______ Jio., i. .. Aot 31 u& *1toc grr.ter reixist repubsit in 

~~7' lthlor n--to-oloo t-rlovaty at impunkite ikod in higher t4- 

~tO,0 4 N> r lilac..- at imupact. llao Atr th angle of 

a.- , ~ 

* 

* *' 

I j 

* 

~ 

I 

~ 

~~~tagr. Two, Ventitol". o :olto o ocplain e" thi-kietinnr 

Is f1'lirc, A"#Loot'". 11 in li~t :at'( front the eisre nov 

~to, the p.,int It the INellioti 1t ap lAo only 1,00 in. in 

th ,oootaoti~ototlt 011w 

Alr.litn. 'A hile' it ipo 1,31 in. in the 

oleo"Kn tot the ,.kirtr,.l projectile. In the ,oecwot piaee 

the ,ottlwo-liLcr .heuth ,Iiameter oothe mabot-projeetilo 

9 a 

al oft" 

w 

ios .1k.l 1.43 in., a,- ooppou'w. to a ,liv'ath diame'ter ao 

1.38 in. in the cooei tot tike sokirt"d projectile. 

In Fi~ore 13 l1c ltballistic limit is kohoocsn 2A a rune 

rcouw 11ti. !tttoe W tis. a.o a fnmtnoos'i-d IIIo,# qt.k. 

Porww mod PWso. ffiftt?.ý 1-11- gikmo' h-w mti..o'l R 

lion tiol' pinto' thlimto-.. anntl pl.atr. angle for three olil 

remist oeotr,.Cilrvo'.. for T\ pe No. 1'344 ,-irte 

vis or .k 

Y~tZ lp..e N, I~iI' N.. .t-~.tproojoivih'l 

he~r. mode %he" perfoorotion isectiorrvo, 

-4-e too rvnooargr at an cooglo, of approoxi 

111ctelY 70 deto're"o. Alsoot' thk. tttte. the pru~oltil 

ttborkVatiot o(t t'.too'ro~l ninto'ri it awli froom t, artna. %otoscld lie r.."tootA~ In rio. ott rosrintt...,e of ;trojec 

grph.- oo1I CNOnti.aoh- it "Za,. eN idoton thcat AxHOV rerr. tile vo'lcootv or platek lhivtkno'... Mle 'rjrtokliwtmn 

lain aiigic-t~ anti %r~rttifioo' the -kittv'l proort-.ite corns- cinvlrt for the .tretit' ;kos ar, to Itt' :%lio, 

ph-ttoI v 41.1tit-*rtl ino noop.L.t. 11wi noonmil vtonoodo ilY 

at %fi hif ult rv'tottitrml to:c... int Kc'ttorl. lso'ftvi oo' 

1z5 ,IKTt!t otidi its ro-:1- ,.'.oalk iew vie o 

thotl the prltjosst ti i4.Mgtt hat ilIor 

fes the far 

ttootua 

2.3t.Oanet tttlt 11),. it oiorl i .t)~t 0,I towqutIvIt thit-kn"e.-t, httlo i vo.e No. v14 iiit~l .. O 5,l 1 I 

%hoc hidt ried s it h Ithe I hicknt'.ý 4 the armor. put 0'. poottotr:'te i~tidto Is. 1x- aluto .11 1 in, 4o timor am nomtI~~T 

Wi1th 2.4". armor Plote osow t~lpo' 'it -irtoil 1pr,'joutfi~ it,. ilt, thle .. h.t;ot4*tio toX4tI .. ioatdto Itus Uw 

-111tt114sol at ;in~r.-o. rooo'9111l Krv:1to'f I bt!,11 'A dtt~urev': trot itI)s(ioatl 9 in at ntin.r,ot'' Fl,ýIlrrv I 

CO)NFIDENTIAL

4L.. 

t-- 

7'A tmto 474f 6 KooS Atýa n 4ý1--o mtG 

~~or 

p*o JI;t-lnoow .. a m .11-fO 

tOR1- ff IV d O. 

MW 

w atlelnwfi, i *H~t9 -~~4Onf~W3k4V4 

.' ~ f-it r oo"i iio 

of the it" pmiori. to.ehn IN-u. D. ý1% w fiowa. ..&. lih . 

004w 1~~ 4 

.~~~~~no 

ruilit 

a tom 

rI~ rmA Umi-i olvelap - - - i-mia" (211 ":Ls 

fl %,u . o14 Iw wMiwirtia.,. e muI. . 4 a 5 "-oi la '15 t .". "a -,41 0 - 1 1.1 ass. !"Koo - lk1 

in ?immst .-( fttu -niLi.~j %cfifoI V ((I)-?. xfaekp 4d 11". 1lntaI. "I'd tha~t "'01t ?s14'4'fc'1 clrlrl,,.k c'aaa 

IJIj i,,ififot # *4? vl pfV4 1 4 p f'il aiitIlt 11' 1I9,. Awl pnw . 

i~1144491 4 4 . '7~ 4 'l~~ ~ 1.Lr~a~i 

t~e 

s 

fllt19' 

,Looa i 

.rA"ih 

Ott laa ra -4* 

O 

the I 

tjý (Ilc 

l rta'I*t pp 4 IN .ec l 

~ 

WN 1)E S 

to

VAnw' emr of OA..4,in. QW11114T.atct :, ). 124h.A.'igkt ill ev4irnjUItid with the miolto of( thr fringp. W the 

U~apIIiustu :iitln arI 11(1iinj himmsw ot-wse amstt at JAi. r.,h1,, the pu.rffw.%1k'- mom-, .4 the M&. M1l 

Ptriki~iq vrAmuitws In swiig 30111t asul VAN)t flw, Ilw- atal fin- 1166Aj~ %mis heren .them~ihm-. Mx- Ialmn 

(WWiWaU%1 14LOOW 1A.*r,*Jd4nMi; :1 t 414-KRi*. ti.41 41 tll- £&f. TVIN* ti9I1 W319 

I, oAn&-11%.; sit 2) tk~vvw, h-mt o m 4LI I - ouw su.:I%- wqan~laim .4 Owt JAI.h Mtyp K The 

fl.017(r .1 - 11r'. 1%- qy'~jgtlion muaik' at flip JAI. Iiiwatotsow za fttn- Ad fix- mind xie lo the 

manw awwIm-r to Is in, verr x~a ar'nats."nt with Itritil, 6 (uwar gil~awa l 10Aote uaxagh. In miler 

ithem nmaaIls. F~igtma6 141sws, that "Opi~le ctons will 

&vrv;.o aissat tfime fin". fi- jai-twitrting~ h2..s,1'Td 

too ,,.4.,ain ithe nanlatio co fix- us.Nlmt Ows I#Alk~i5fl 

imPui111m 'a,..s L. Fr4141 IN 4lt rV,.tlaetsdIIW IM6C 

%IeI Wwuso. hissif so a ruoiwtima .41 -4riking; veI4Attt gaml an&k of 

n~t3*11W Ito lr 41W 

I"NUMC I(AOW. MO OMPAIGO'Olihr I-c trOits.)iao Wadrn was 41aw mw I'itu 1te 17. AA 

l'm~vosimu ~(ixz~Ct~ar.xaatapin 6. Pdrov, 1116ipindow algs. -fi %.~aa titla thefdatumt 

V~mE is. the41aa milita,1tl Ow Prinvoa4.a Unive'wity Isovivil takvis fn, the Im-r..tit is. ruiv~~ morreot for GI. 

Slat itio, lDivi-io 2..N i)IIC~aittd I lit... oi IIt-11.Iritioi.4 pumwamitr ImajaiHilr.. ..ippliml~ hy the ltriti-h. C:unmc-. 

*vv 1-61-1 

1&0' al .0ad.,hjmy t.t 

D,, 2. In- 

OMW DENT %LS

If.IT in-wk . -- i rmc rV 

lhlrit~' KilitiCt Ui.nK tiw, n'tilalnhito (tor thei lnt jib ________ 

$will*ani thu. O MI. pn"jwtihkitiwn tb- Iwtili-ir limvit0.96Cs 

onintt4141ansi 

*i. 

1Ia. ms iaaaL I.. uar "r %im A. 194at 1w 

J I.W1 irjtiI'Al. rt-w*1i4 I;ni 1 

11616jhsa 

iij. -A 

~4mt pa,' irnnI tha~t whit.' live. Ilrii-Irn ~awivs ip41i. ,lKrt.% 

sim' drgeqtivit. hmitnth J . I'lIm 91 4se hat r-usia,. it 

taitduhl ~aui aIvi. slnt~igi at sl1.is to i g frr Ir lIrmot 

0 .5 

atu 

in O1w 

1 vti Th16 it. nvu. mitt, of.iftlya 

*n* s Ilt.I4r'n(t 6 r. iiIi. lte titan in di 

ajtqo., 

raw oi.(t'aim- tow mm I 

Iw+Aiti~u. Intlw fir%# pIurrr fix- itslIm ilm-rv ijlaarn, NwitiE 

tonly itinimmit 7per tit mi'~ noi Iwa%.'.,'t :i. it' .Il. *rvxr, 

191t. hoiy,8wo %viwita' sistawt m rapid'~ tif Ntt In1 ntim. < 

MWJav uf l msxu. 11%W. I@rn 11wA Cn':ijt'r iiiptjit noa it'll. :10 we -,L, 

oho hiphs.# v iswittv. as-I in (stir ai 91w JAI. 'r, Iv r1'.1 Hit. fti.-ttunun -oo.."ia . if gbi~fmvm. 

l~ithE dut- Itwllioitw limuit orvn-i.,i a lmi i. it 

ubltarnn tbhe .Pqx-fiu linsit esoarlvu. ftw tI h JAI. pn 

jwcik'. atfiitriiaa, 1 ale atrnic". tip fit M.5 &l'sn'ru :rno a 

'11.1 

fwa 

' hif- f~ .4,Wi A~ t-74 -ui.. *dl' 

~gun' Ftq~'. 420t sat %titlef W".' No. 

(utumf ht* OA1w P6a@- thiu'rnsuwam inrv.u ,nfimwsr,. In 

thaw u'~mtIiifiunv f. viri.'augli uam;t rinvorn.a 6 'Ivotti five % u-k! tsrip~iiiimttul It' ,trtiglt tinew a am It UCa. 

CUfy Itair Irij ui 11k- Mnntiiftjna'u' to( IN- . Iiji itol rii,' n Isshii ('ithit IN, Itta of 11-ita r-iplt. povelirt-ion. 

vi-o flgk'ctt. The mtmir rxi-pfusitunk- fin, s-:irh hiave li~vn rindig 44f tIN' hrnallistiw faitvifitapinist 3-and 

Ieoem" 

doAll 

F- -- T 

piti Ka 17. Iklw'sIi..r...tirs 1 61rn.ui 1-1~ s in 

1 

V.+- . " .I Iii -r '1.j k-.-. flsi%" k.. A1sfii'si-l ats ricu5 

44(' i~i N 11C 1R, 1-wi s.4g 

CONFIDENTIAL

&-in. pirItv, ftw aN .q, ti.t-m skirlitq irotrivi-ilps'.itiuh al SUGEi.STlt)S 14)1 FUTUHE 

hud lwi1-n wrihil Ill fnirnt liii. 570 M10-mm1 imijerilr IJE% EIJMIENT 

dimrmir~iimi.. rmhtorirn mink. iii th 

platis. hiin. 

1.73 in, Isw Ohe orIiiwolnq mn~rfil. Mori mani A.iitref imrvrifilroAiv h~~l intrNI mtirtnirivoo 

A~ jo irfi 4 Ow ptnrfairatiodw -tttp fur 2 1N), al- intoo flo Gllemnicm: 

mmtmj~i~i~tau0iia1wLtndm 1. Ainklioralmrnt 4dat hin Litver .i( Itrvin 4 lat her 

in Fiplvir 18. Ilie rviurdti~m fur thim irn1it Ii., m an I~eidu 1 luid-Imtfllg .irfiuui 4d the ikirtii 

wuo orlikm ilotr In i invuim4y lonotmoolrimral its dor at pgmnuq-tikey. *lriia uunmohiu Knitri" %.v import"v te wear 

ponioliotHe wwiii. antii Arltisraru life 4 ut(in ttiuiis med tzijwrrl ±dulptnei 

Ai fi the ,dmuevil Wear tlwini ii. jm'retlmifmiantk 

* - . ~. - ~ . .Mhirnxhitlitii qe amr rv,.iuitunt linervo a tof uuw 

S miaterial un., muellile ins Kicn fill"w ool aidrdapituion: 

*~- 

*** --- 

\.~ ~ S 

~~Ž. 

'' . 

tik amid mure wer nst ni~la mirfnareto in gian tulxvu and 

Ailnitiiro file lift- tof tmN iI-Iw-lure l'eipin lird at 

t3W1*I lmeuromn% Amm.s.I t~jifl (r exst"'r the life fit 

uuitaimlafll Comms 

De41*)IM" ty af in.1litasblle hirfh-eixtluuve type 

Aiitdmij...iih for nanttizn-r:,ff iie,: Ther potential 

~~ I advnmit ~a~rn 

i I .4. 

mdi.4iahlimi'i lriujteltileu in thin "mifice 

anm tonomenubaaii 

Drimikl& Sanal.%uuiu "f ith 06bmk .vtmome. sP6.46a 

0 m .,; 4womrnafiMie. &And linutuis efforils in pro~etiele vikifta 

Fa~~~i~~maI ~ ~ apprir nuortuil~ *i~ likelIy that. imirtm-flllents in majt. 

. &.r-.C4..~Iu4 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~11 u slwg ihut n lirtukrs.c mold reductism is 

4 

W.1a: S1uat n~i ..it;v 4,1511 fu. j he,,. . wo l eti kolili 4t tatwtiiI lourvmi and riti~lt uectiun sif atuip. 

aop~tawor a* Ftgi 404Di N IlMC IPApoor X-ii .t-4.1.iP Cutsmy w musil frivonu muich stutdieui 

CONFIDENTIAL

charter 31 

1'RE-ENGHAVED PROJECTILE W ITHI CHIROMJU31-rLAED BORE 

lay 4y"ikAA Seaw 

1"INTKODILLTIO.No ing Wo'.rlul War I. lle&'wiw sti musa) to the moem 

nomi.t~e "remt' 1fre a hi-.sItia .'Ieete u( PF pro.- 

X THC E -kK L WLT owsith K the r:,Iileer W5 ern"aIe je.'ti"r. 'Th' 'Aw' UW41~ IN lthle (4'enuuns in Wuri 

latositing gain thPoelsovim'u in. 4"iemn 11.2.!1. it woo sismoI War I I few at IessnM litl ?.ia,:z!AUa raiway K 

foraliar that fur'h~ IN .bwoivrscf. then t am. lanti crawlerw 

gz)ising metal jacket waxn tea w' ak to, lailothateil tiw 

rooltiviemtel ,.lot-n'm ei dte' to the le~h v.'lil4t. Va. 14lun so. 1"h u..e i( IT projeeti". Is.' emill"~ am to de-e 

the el.'it j1' 1 thar "A."e wasi am -utkah do it ie. ill thin. te'nttinc the ntLitive d~i'rt .4o the cromlponcnteeaffeet. 

lam')111. Th' .. ninh Vlhiem 1a.p1l .,.~ d ing win .'n*4emn. Ile,.etlta have .4unca that (I j the 

a Isanwhl prnje.-tile % it). a e..'p-r isolating Itiarn), Nitt .:asravinX id the notrating install ;an. the shrimon, 

it tiu',-.k1 teo he exa-Pnivrl side'r fiw aiisitsawtiorv prisile&.'eil Is.% thk- fritliijin .4( the itetlirt amc important 

pvf~imnrr. tatst.. coomtriilutingC too the eereaicn it( Isrelih pn WfrI 

In ail.itie.then ' ma.. l:o ittlirw oa,ex..el i-if-Prnotmt,,m anl chessminutt pulate'; (2) jpx leakage in not a frx 

rueuni'uning I 11 the'reative rflfrti Km iln ers'ea itm eatinte in initiating loan rroiaei~ant;nl. (3) ureiuctisun oll 

wara, Pteiithor" la fileIN CngraikIti acu) nuialimng i4 the 

pn+efiir ai'etsl (21 the inflhatirvis- .4 lctn I.a-kagr (awal 

erspaviitg sitl'maer anl Imullet alowapionm mlewnot the 

weanr .4 ilia otee.'aw tetn rirtItariumitnltatd gun Itoec. 

olaturtuion) tw .mran e'tsai. 

-apeve. 1wla e~aeriftleae'nt 

Tme. 1.~ 1 mmia. 

6,rilpts. dvi~m 

it~ bew The- tim' .4o lt'K Ic+-rt ih. in ele'tromninng the easuibetswit 

a olsithu* prup.'hlanto in ,h1rwri'oeI ismctf 

prtije'.tieiV% ina thle' raiar.t.i.-e* it.. Mitk 

thin calif in vieo. oarlwk tons pm-4'ngrae'.l pw+-ruj'eih 

15,.3 

Tie. rmltsIiwtin .4 (m utNt wear ,.'....to in an ineea 

(hereafte'r _.-It a tq to is-PF mAo siturteil at Th.* in glis' ve'ludtv lire it the Kitn. T)oe incesaine ia sheout 

Franklin Insiaitiete' inl JR..uwvi 19413 tmo,4o.od litim~ef. in join 4tee' how". and terenyf~id 

The' te4' . loKprue.tl~ ,nakia pja..4"l the reoltoe in .lirtmiitort-oItel bow"a. 

lion to 0 minimuem ede'ngmraing e.In-siomn Anil Waillet l'l:,risjeetilesqwt'ntit tin,. law 4ladigh...twngth steel 

fr~iction. p~rup'tue'im inlie'n'nt in proijeretili',. uhik 1 ) at-i bent.)... tlwrel'Iw n'wrtttitile in aiivvy mate'rial it. 'worenot 

pre-engarav'eti. "Ilthu. it 6s pupi..'urlite elimin,,ate 

theme fartorts aso ..entrilmiltirs oraur..-of wi vn n-n...... 

towirnt in thse avil'uinry li the pcojectile. 

V~peitt~otm ithIateenliIor.50 l.solingnai.-inte 

awl i..ejlate' that which nttay I..' attrlautcd to loieeisidr Igun nwrclaritni' have Phesto to that 5)V projectik' p. np. 

xw. allons. Myd indt. %tl ý-en la'- ft-r I in a gain u.s. ietig & hira~, cyclic 

Hfence,' the rustrpn..eef lh6 uervirltigutim Iit'ran raet .4p rare %jilhiuit haneit'.gvtp. or any' malfuznct ion of 

t'iiru. T Itrnn h'tfet. ':pejttt' l the gun nttrilmoi lalwic tie tin- I'K proic'etile, natdelowribed 

!. T Io- deermie ofer so(IT rojeli"itiionis Sereticin 29.4. 

join pna'um.on pri-~Amire'. ve'nitiY. anell ar-imeir.v: 1Tie. iicam time floc eIJimnkdq IT projectile chro- 

2. To exanmine, thle exterior tuli-li..ie. 14 Ve, preijee. mieei-ilte ll.~e. lp.,rr 4,',milsieeieion ntak4-A it po.-tileu~ to 

rile.. .uitf(ren iifferrai and tAlin.. a hip..neiImAYt pi~a haitainga Xne'ater vcfoeity. 

3. To suer' how o4wh p~rojewtiii.'. t-n tor~ ailliptc-l too :atiel avrme..utrage,~ i 

firng in exlinot gemso .4( .Iil~stvt erailler. 

l-'arl ' v work on l'E prtije'rti..he llm.' 1-it q..'..i Hi 'I:llE10AoI' ~ Fl~T AND 

Fraglarin. Anl Frain'e',e'e IzDlv liv(larlmsrlni4 r Jilt- Al C IsSUR'lWst9*NT 

A..;wiai N tibnre, The FmsI~lit.,.' 

N. 

PI.a.* 1 .~loW ia. 

".2.4 iii,~ l it, vn.,iin-lte-ting rtun ("etion 11.2.11 

U-. rvasre. %-"c N-. 19 ls... I.-. I.L..1... ethia, n''.i-. t1eiiuii 2N) put vvnt iiirttglaevt-in wa.,s tised. 

CONV*II)NTI.AL 591

pwtV-K'%f;* IVRO rqwJK4fut.K wrvW HOMOWS.~tlI 

N3 

the otni',* Avik -6t obtnin ,'l)IJ40' :adUin WW 2:t(. I~-44'1 A(tl 

rjelle on eu the ol no u 

luqv ('ailitioun.4i ll,£lding wirr clhi"a'g in c'I:lje.,tv'l .11141 o~f chntiniuam plate uwem ,tutlied. 

jag fit#- sara ,k'r charxel 141 gcive a inaxiniumn Ixwltllr 

pn-mun* i .1610 i~ts~ MOM 5)4,(i j (£'e)ppi'rt. 11te wel'1 .mE 

the pundt'r W30,, a.j1il.tl941 hY 11;X41%im a faat pailf' 

1. t;sau -k'alu andII ilitimumtion. 

2. TYWp "I prokib'. 

3. 11sirknerw of chnuifnimn PItP. 

,ynm~l WI'II withi a rllrartl~llll plit(E "4." 'nu rg~dmlt zmni cunclit-ftiitm uEtiwpe tept ame given 

ptmie~cr slarg welt asi th~at a tanrW qv( 47411 Xmino in the feuighing uertiusu.. 

pvc theikw .l.'i presmoIrr anui a vciawity *it alwima 

3.7N) fli, in a -. i-in ,~ t~ri*, wereditine a" 

VeluilYandpn-.4%- 

n irrwv~ wee oonied 

at interv-1l. is. 1 

Mfeet of Gait Leakage andi 

niprove Obturation on the Eromdam 

1 4'tel'lilI tim telim4Nty.iife it fhe. POOR. 

11"ItiX gattgrau zil tarituoII5r ni~ummemnennto vm nmwiktg of Gun Steel 

at intervals' tit ml'tt'rrine Ithe fliisrilitnion andI pug. 

rrm af Pruta'i id te Iiw lad, and xrtxswe. .%cw'mery 

n~rwaeln',mntA were taken at 110) ft to. l'r'ettmlne the 

aeeuney-liff. of tIW Kiln. 

11Wukn was 4,' 'm.ýiflerrl tit have failed wsive" (II ) 

Sitter the Ptandeal PE pnijectile has a clearance of 

01)(12 tu 55004 in. aur-usam the lanues and grooves in tho 

l.oire the first Iguittiun w-hic'h is presentetl ia: 1What 

effect will thiA Mw~ leakagtv havr. on crnosnr? To 2m- 

Per this' ilosti~m. the follow-ing tc-Ata were fired. 

the vieluritymi' ldrls~rlipll 2114 Fps, ow (2) 11w inean 

immijuts isf diivtrigt lnat I(II ft NO~i imereamsc.i tu thive 

times' it,' initial valute tir ke~hlimlio Imillets wepm uit- 

1. Sitandamfl PE proi'ctileim for 3).0054n. riffinot 

which gav.e a calculatedi Irka,r~ area ci 0,OIV23eq in. 

2. IT pruretilce. having two sltse Q.MY0in. deep 

imentl.milleAdlialmetril~lV v 4)pplm*:te, which gave a calculated 

leakage arma 4 0.00749 sit in. 

31. IT prujectile"' having Swo, sots O.03Ni. deep 

Ut CALl IER .54 FROSION-TY-STIN; 

msilk-i diametrically opixtste whieh gave a ralcudat Ad 

leakage arva It( 0.0,103 stj in. 

GLN EXPFlI(IlENTS3 4. S45aldanm lF.'! pruievtilce with m'elllulmjue J~uhturt 

T.strodiurtion inot wads,al -tiora.ttAi with iiujaii Noriurivcrot. 

.5. Slandanin PE pnoieetiles with P.ulid Ihiucorarbou 

P 1 E prujefliil'-4 'Al' 1 ir-e in rian Imirm-l. hainm-ig a 41Il-t iling tt i.51. 

,strel ,llrf.Ie in al' A - iiiiii 

1 htiiirfaee. In 1i*41t Is I .ii pi flu,,rte':rl~min is a %-cry it bl ' organic com,. 

mAe.-l f~,'T's 01r t'l pci .prct-tIll eii the- foilemwing %as jusilll (p. llYnit'nlei jI. fikfluint hylcne cirrisati'-e) 

,'t S iltl. 

1. P'~req.' n ;111 d t -I'I ilwt illiE 1;11141 atot ati Priue 

-it elll1114iir IIl- vtxullidii.~av u, Ste liljKdl i-, iot 6 4l1 thle 

Ism ant' 

1 

it s Il~~lp i lipr-xi clit.4.Ilin atvinal hasa 

ertwitin. 

2. Preswirel~I mid I tiliiitY . Ii'rfisrininer. 

3. Writ'lravy' im'rforinnouw. 

tile llilmiiWlil('y of hem.vnm' lllijs4. C( 1!11hr~e WMIl 

a ent jto-sitqm IIam %it h the hcat~ tl icitolil andl at tachedl 

lltitl lthv~ 4i the PEI- lrnJectiie. 

CONFIDl1ENTIAL

Ism~ pol vniln*4I barth" I(. 4h ,i.- oi-I ,ronliti~wi. Wa;4i,. jgViitwm-xrf%', i Au .nrorar iw . o4w.C im.1V the 

IPII floofltt4qt 440(. puautc .as~- thr tin' kkaw Soa wu3 

"o.n rilt 144 lit the ran'k I-( 11We 4'lftriilv 41h.11% 

cuminto,. wvvr .Jaqaimn big", IDii-"Wo 24. N 11". 

Tilaui, mil':inng the. livni tr,.l the rwas.,w' 

.% minmpamgv ail s0mm kima 1.m~am 201&60 "A d . ab 

,.w. incn-twin. Lm la ani uitmir trnerrav ni,. .s 

ittem '.4 4-is:atiu-r4I that 114.' Ah1.4 in t1w- gpu+jrntsk 

Wormw tovlm.-iii.-ry tuat.'.I slow tsarn' Kriteuhiu looc 

i4. lmm-Y4woI the' wiptn to4 fllhtl am j'r14 in 

'11m- ho.tterv tIlat mor. Atm44n "Apio-rI its Fmirn'. 2 

nouional. 11111. en.4arnng .'.jual pmw".'tlttiavo i4 On-. .All sno 3. 

naioomm th6' Aniln~n.(nmn lit t11W I~mmwr. 

to olmnlie tino ktivp tin. pn',....rv-ne. mump4lov rftmrw 

of 

- 

te 

- - - I I 

gal 

mTuttle 1. 

If 00 -100-. 

-la -e-- - 

I, mow41 

K'- 

OVA 

me01's nin on__a_______s @ AID~ 

a lo "III 4a : 3nAIAO**- 

awn 

* aml ovi Mr.o T at. 1-4- o .1 lyM+M0 

lt3 3AM, .- 1 140 l' into,,c~o 

4,7 A ha V. r,..n1h. 7fl tin. 440 .. 

Tc.4 i'n) tj...m ~ ;"t:n IXi in. 110 i" 2 70i in.1 It 114 

1. Tit flrd2 i 

57'" 1.7.1 . 4 1 It 1444 117 1.2 W.S 93 12,01 . . 

Vt40 0i7R 81.107117 3,1.30 4A8 x4 1111 1M 4413 40 412 41444 it . 

0:'. 7A I.' '4 I9 i! 1 1;419 ~ 4.1. r. r * I 1, 

F(1i 07 W;'71A T1. 7 i Ii 744 112 11lIP IM , il . al s42 in;~ 235 

0(AI o 31, FA Q 3.,701 . a "1 130 Ili 21 0 in ii. I i 9 1I2.1 454 

* *'l 

444 4.-4. *...4

11awP roewo ltsro thalt lbe Um-n-o its L6ni soul 14rieas' ~t, 44414411. ii fto Ke 

%naive iljintrI,.r ix' lintia for the Kfl1Iji~' pw lr'kair tilow noigIt Is- ex..vrtirion 

'akfto with l' prue. ifi 

'M n Larger c~aliber 00ian, 

armU. 11w .lants fiat . mAl Y;4 (all in tshe. bdbeming %wIwfw Its, teono nmtind too Andt life projiectile nriW. 

tush, isjmaguijtt In- onit-o.. .dy limng, In lIii. va'~.e the prioduct 

A.1 A~m~>t.rr i".2 > Ol ! Imit~uauor off obammtut,. (finw. X brat (rat/nw') might he 

awng. Xfra etosol livincvert&eia~ion. In th,4 cate it watild 

Y;4 O.INM in.':> 4ItNI7I i". > 0.41111 in. lmkw Jar nl' , _."try - tio mine l.nwticul methiod for ohtu- 

11141. raian~i Ithe PE1 l'ietirile. 

AL .'tqsh.l flwortourlusm tama > nfuaaIgi 

NAamiwarluq, -ml > tl0t4lt3 in.' hn-kg1 o sen~. 

Nuiuiriwa'itl> 41.11ltM in.- me"~ u . ~ M ert off fre-E.Fngvrin, ow, 

71W1w hut i na~m ..ls..rv4nl sill lotot tyx- 44( 4.. lerrototuare and Velocity Performitnct 

the- *Iun~l:srl Ill: Imij-tie1c, itll4%;7t oil in. "kler 

mon-ti. II,*s'trvar. in 11,111 arwo fhiae r"Nuu waoiMerrslr ~ 

M ASAXEADPOD1RPwLA 

niunmr in which a ltiref pritiolljnt bums. 

than oilim's-riawl'ith i, jo tnajectil... lwrin% i~ko 1 aralv Twmic %W li le'tit-tmianvo the ma:xJnuai puwiler prenourue, is 

Imiakge. area itt.ttitI fat in. 4-LA'aWa anea 1. si*olftwlint trinii' .*~sp the scanwanee too'arting the 

Tiew iis't a~itsi alna- hat low a raihlar m~ l'i* pn.i~ile. inarolli ntitnal type sitmnutottng landled 

potiajircilek tho- eluiiianiw lift ~nel tlim. ltwuetikeou tai11 nmanaitan tlii'as'airtifg ro-istahcreftn iw attributed 

1mm twmitlwr outaitatootne totor nit~gi crijWj4e. I. i lft Ia IlI femi~ to ovrcontimw the in.wrtia ofL the projectile, 

(ar~t. with iiwrua,4oiog lonikailt an.. it va-, fiuieolthifat oZ faismr to* mutanse Indicit friamn orum. and (3) force tc 

the naoosara'ul Lool anti l nsv osau 46lniere l. Ii i.. enxnel~u the noahitiit linnol. 

lirlimerr theat Shift nuuimaqitin in erg, gu is' enuwl~~ 117 U the "ui4Snl Stt rritine tkW1tv wmf,% the burning 

the iouemn'rsg lomnl'nter id fuwI pantuier. .%n nawuire. lgiet'ww if( the putsinib are MO ebmnd so to 

in thegW Iatmmum.4 off ,4 pam~lir wousld m'r..uh in a affT,.e-g ,tri~motly t IK maxemimsn rnswilea pres'aere. Vsing 

uhutwer ulearuti-iun '4 nouxuienuam pmire,.utt andl lwtwe PEt lm+ja-tik-ui tik (otue engrave is' cootpletirly 

oraxmmntmn teng~ntlo-oture. elimina~tedg. %ith the insall theat thce puirser pressure 

Anw thife IT priajiwtite is fn-r mwnittgg in tihloe hum tiglimaq with the *aenw Krantilittitiue of propellant as 

4A the acan, aeny mPaw lnukAi.' paowS tiue mimajetilt %%tmiloi w-i row nn nrulrviieg butllet is' very much tin. 

ontly expw4* iii. psflicidasr an-A to tlw- litter ti ts liar nm.t eft iff ilecriu'ns'in1 the force to elograve is 

lAmt of hIe Joni, (ter a v.rrv howl.e tuneo. liii is' urontrary rimirea sho ulwn in Table 2. 11we force to engrave was 

to the uPtuiti~mli with lift n'galar inotvrolong fop grmedusa~ll direre2,.41 1 v mt'i'hinit the huand disesneteuu 

pruiectile. whlich its nomueuinsrnly sowril top is t. and l1-nalb M*iminseted byv pr'-ngraving the projee. 

travel tlurimi: lhe mizo-rninot lwimtm. .%n. Jut^ lesakage filro.. .% pie-wor drop of I17.903M pa' and a velocity 

p121 file ereyfm #"q 6#11f41 %imilel ewuulrate gunense cwmn drill) of 292 it)- were ulaserved. 

Iweaewuv. of the "liluw t~arrh** setiom li.-uedinrhvc.' In urater to keep the prrfifmrn. eat the level observed 

lion 5.4.4 tof the. pc~e'i ft a taifada hinmgar time to a withs :im% enctmviflK"-tpe bullet, keeping the powder 

loraaiiatii orea so' thei lmwwr charge the sannke, it isa neretnerwvr to usme a powdcr With 

'rumuc 2. Y:ffri.t .4 .,,travins hirr - ofrem-utmni t c.4tv 41 rathtwe So0 ;mnsjviluhu. 

ti.t in.) f~tinge cha~tg~aiamue 

OhSIO O.4J M_02 3 ..... 

3.452 

O=I 

fthAft0 

14s'n 

fl98 

0.0111 

0.011 =2,2 

4.a~ 2 

- Iiim 

3.403 

4."t' 

47 

1- 

0. W3 

0.4ist 

OL.410 

(5.4. 

O.1 141000111 

t~~31"m 0.0. 

0.013 

0.0011 

410.1t30 

IJ4iom 

41.u13 

(.a17,02W 

- 4,!NA 

- !0,2mU 

- 124M3 

3,=3 

3.290 

3,233 

3.,eec2 

-122 

- 1-2 

-219 

CONFIDENTIAL

a srmnlcv A.44t tihivkm. -.. ia.sevr- g~a.Ie.itim.4-o fi flu 

emX-iltmnm1a1 jitw. n4rmrnd tit. im ias miato rhazrso 44 a I' 

mwI, m~isIfrIiel3 aMI itrirV..-tvu 1eo~ 

Aw_ 77 

t - 

Il..,h inssw I i*.-s 

I I. I8 IS. IW 

- . !"u -we .*-W am 40"sw .4UA MsFsas R 

lostOu 

'taiagtc~ci~tnCmi t~ia ~ ~ ~ rvA7 1W i ~sww c 3miijo. Pwn: 

.'AT Ad":mp 1161 gIN 9mwin n~ X.a 1:4d.i du' A tm.Laisn 1 a'~m,. iln '.ha h 

lourAll. the 4'11KF*4iitE ix 

r~ilm.ihis tiff aivifln -lrit~ -a') .4m .4.,4t a&i withi WthA.~e IT pmirmil, cliiv 4.re 

am.,. 1MIU-t Iait( call piid I'iamajse -4 1it. m'..mits vis i' and lagl.) 0",r i2SAij..e . fitrels a. firm.Jl~~ fshest P 

n111MOVn 31tVI tim.' sIgin-.441Motle WKiV lihltig ,jlsulj~ik-IlW.ngniu. sutmm.I. iisslM~'r, in;r~mirnatium. 

eve.flo imstravm'1aIJE imsi tinistet m offu-starting n 44tflW. 

.has tim.ians ctllph ra4- .villilale Is u ~lm ooi .4srn T 

estmai tim. i'sfolos too gm.lmn wnna 

uit. isaiws .,Ea tisn inm m~ams ii 

emvAmmmIs th'. piittF~re 4A 

wi too pto..m or.. prs".n thoug 

arnsanll to.4 lts rouivL taai ,t f i- Ioiimiionaro ,nrn'a'e.issir tlsmaist- oa.s %-'-rv pt .4 ol tim.',t.Ilin)urar'a ut., 

in.a iiw i'ariy singe,.antim.. affeitni .4 tim.' egamirp. tim. m.atms irts 21irsi wtill itis~no da'hiwci tha heffaeurs if 

ra-t' me tilemi~iii i ..' d ilssiv itc s'. 

theansant d ~a. hate t11iimd n.. I hat 

lisniviinn' 

thim. iMissimttllv situ 

a em o isd -ias-rhnsvin ,isoviisa1mm' tt Int.su vinr exam imnationeg 

,':ait'.is liv 'n-sio veiii ws nota mfct valv i~hn them 

thus at..' Ax w lss imu- vida-rv mn slwtie ;ct F-imivt. fill- Isiss a:. rtnaaim.titniosdro t.iunk psh-ik rixio thughitJ 

ranum.n 4s ctoim.. l i it mm lr s I Iwr Ii.l it g mtrai'it I Nor'? .' itigit--vollogi. li l-soe oow rfr lIssi 

inti Iphe arl vi. i'110-Aitv.1( f i- ol . 4 i4.it sitrt fu .~ -,g tile r 

rto ~'~e of lmm tt ris writo, l sa at..)fi-0 iii tt. astir ra n gi im sni 

im s*25ea M.I sluNvi htte as-kg 

o-oosAso o l-inif~ri w dsCsiiosm 

e s.fft a a vnioui Vnlvea mhe Itiilt' 

tuie rsmi tpi .4 thi , s rm'ii n.le t ek xm il 

al *Fs1-41, y vs' i'tnjn t rim .4 

Chtsa rimupsis tile Ito-fn I... gm -'it,n anm ) -. riim t hva.r tis as aim % a:is sit, z" m wtsi rili.:tmcu k- ..#il t' PE ik puj. t ii' te 

fpaimsn tu o ileSi :,lrt~lfrv i -v1 ' ft isili a l:a~itig 4kvtap-r al f..ltral.'ig i iim-t.icii.r A) i: .. aii.shw 

to~ . im-ve t this VI,'.4 Lal ma i t'a in avs~ a s~lo f t 'Slis Ev. -a or( I NTallanl pn ONit VEL ~ CIT tIF'ii 

If'-.ts. Ir-otm ama ii'. .ir'-d ait li tass i)e t i st a ilaste * 2.a sa~mill pijtjg ai iss' s iia n 

Illiptip) 2 ofI 11 3)). 6 i 'naun noist tim.. mn rimcisami, n:, '1 eafiaea ina oit).im 

gnatu l-i jg. Fiwire t. m a rl an-' an ii'jrj-is( m.A-t' :1. Saisda~lrtl t-I Pl pr-iajetil ' at . ~~iu. itt 

shop im 4i 21t 1 is, i- tiirat tl m ci -mmpv% itiiha flss 1.'1M j-i r~ils(m. I .41sit ar:,l PEg int~i ati lult i.Im . Etm 

ivvtvasl .4 7.21% Isi . p lrsitivotile.' 

CON FIDENTIAL

"0."ODA 

~ 

amKv"i T.-Ible 4. amul flei v'n'Itnity rlnchngein at 

n~div.niata -fugn". qIf INure r-rtP-#ofn itn-i Armnwto in Figure G. 

lIn all IfsjntiI'is, tine 4siniurating dt.vim-p' ineWW4.IJi thne 

snnnnnlun'w' if irlijid,. fin-i for a veltrity' -lvnp sit 217) ptp.. 

UdE EE :Thrwpa~sh.buu tat Owp tv4ne*t' P'vflirmaveu 

for .it~n-rsiftM :nii nusngntaniinel M1antitnme, iuniform level 

fl i~'nt4eg Aeel,4nnn'intin elievit'evi %% ithI l ini' rsetiiies. 'lb. 

Inu'4 AlfooratinK u4-ive'u waltati dtowi4 A .1 -I'i prnngesfilo 

Nos. 4. hasw t~n'npr itisnnnnliflg ring W"u vs'eiverl at 

ewt mo tnw tf's'tieit. am~ Ills IPb"wg~i plymulira gwhcul 

T -1 numivimntim. 

7= --- 

41 INKS - - - 'S _ 

D00 i 010~ ~ 

4. Standartd PI' projertile trimnisoi nng the' copper *OWt0,1t 

obtitartnitng ring \60in the pi4,eir kuolrteir.tnu -lip. I ?MAOPC 

To tc't the eff -Iivvnncý,. tin uIetinpjr.Iting Ile~rieeit It co"I II hi 1 A 

veluxity~ mne'asann ri'-tn ws'ne tuk, fnk a; riotim ptia:i' 4 COPPIII PINS AA40 PLArne up CUP 04 Ai'*tg 

in tihe life of Itle g'ntn. 11irc n'rmunuu rnsinisN shisrinK Ithl' 

te'at wn'ing Fi' tring ý4lndekiji -1 tnciw't.andatlze iIll. 11,1. 

"tI.V1,rt 

Iwt, . 

aism-t (i% 

hof.*dA. h-ie.4~', at.,a 

I~uitdP 

,,'wtoity 

ft.ts.I ini Figure .51. hule initial firing I'~neiiiu t 3.1;:4 (t. 

T7as~en 4. 4,enu'..ee l-dif s 4 ,,es~ I, eqs i,..It'.74 Pt' er"j.'I tM 

tt.ti.'t No. :0 P,'er"'t~-, .t4, 7.'. I'vee*, " .4,.14 73 tIN- rse~t ?I., 7't.' M.it 4t0W' 

(1.41. '~'-f £I447 __ -4,73 700 

fIn.t.) ,dhs.,y (rila) 3jeý.O 3,4401 3.673 

VeIlee'4y af1te V,5' Pit fl.-) 3.Z10 312'114 .7, 1 s 3,3e62 

co.\mi-'liN~n \L

cu~inw .aaI~ua~I,'"'I"1N faL p.rvpwfw!Isi1 9 

~ Ffewi n( I'vrr.at-graiatasg loi a'Itivarawc - 

in a nra amul mu'il~a atral Kr. ts IIU#* clifirttIa its fill- W1111 

u~"I o OW 

hm aterimal ~q in 

t- m-. AIq11 Xtrigal 

aPismorwrhmp th..esmlltaai flo3 onlW ai R 

-81 - - - - L - 

t hr 1211 efreams. Nt'ia'rr. aw'%4-rA wn-' am -to, loss' ILatI S - . 

got liar OOO4 Itlatanl. 

.'t si~Iiii wbaalostaIii'u.rmr' IfiIAVt.V o-as b "nltat PE Af_ __ 

imaIhost'ArV Iawo mar i'drriviritir i tw-wormosoo h-calitirr 

.'10 arrosip is. -Isa Notn in Tiataa 4%.. 7'flwqtliat a is mi 

to st, IW -1 

temWPa to1 rs.ava' mA ~ Vii- asO .%-fIN 1,1-. ToA 

2.illitI jib O2 043 O.1IT IP%_( rsr usus 60I 

Uwt s 6. 1.49 411"o0.7tssamsmWlismo 

daajwocnl'vi igi" Uit a.fr 11%,,vn111 fl ia.. ma e ihtq..l... in .4 5,3. r2.IRwr AT the..-. il aind 

amboss that: III Imiall Imail.'t., N12. Larv fb .t-rata IT pn#0ajalil' anal its, .a-m~traf i. .affa'aIr.lIin' era-ion 

Iaw hiJah %viewity; k21 a mirumanl a'~rtilhla't~.l-1W gwsapw'r. .4o thea I..aav; 131 a IT~ 444'4 pniajew-tale i. this nioa, 

* - - aa~armi-im ad- tlim... Issiliei Lvpf.._ ad if. -a mntme% isn fiA 

I~ ~ 

ft .------ In bimaiac gmaaaai iavl arra'tz aith ITf l'aa10i tam t 

_ ~~14 4d,01a-t.,4 

ana~ab m atrsIr:.at ;a iti-ini aaahagriant il ena'i rme-ni't d 

Owa 1i,11cl st agtli i rt~a' not'n in liai !aaarma4 is 

D-Inga aa~Iat ga allaflwl-rit"I the refttao-ail jdIn 

-t.ld l ;I minig lii. mais-le dI* mta~-a-4~., r-Own athe hr 

- - ___ __ - trand 4wa.raitv -4 1i I.aa'. I lu Anai aa'aa.. 

Thii-.i'aaa,'-'.lt in za a-ary ainifurirta voij* aca-aa-riev 

ha i grat aifr. aaliaaait 01 i-citariary.~-Ifaatfe ( the 

~~'a~cn. Ala.. %a.,, Ia it -lidda nitlxe- mIia C,% a "'vvll Th~is 

a j kj 1lasa aal111' in la' 'ýj .. a', yf Iir f a gl' *I iiart Ljj'IV 9 

VE(LOCITY 1111 001 .-a iat 11:1( 1 fim. 'a.a-I" ' a.iataa.and nv,.'iiaiaai,na'd 

Va.a 7. . la~.-ra' .... il. MI, i-.J.I II i ss, .4a 1'a* , I Vlraa i II lia " -Ii~ f t?.. Win. (2) ?itI i 11i ala. KMrau. 

~.'ih Isaa a - i.a -. a IIIa-. 6-f ... 11'., "Ida., al- aaa-. i.'ia .~iI~ ti a--irwa- taalaars is 

-a-a a so ' ....a'...... a f.'. I1.a-4 a ahal'a it it lag. ia.- 'i 

CUN H D rTIA L

4~~ý 

~~'M ~ PRK4?%E.Nf~n 11%I *'ME l:iI~~~rwt Eii.I111 MI-1-1. %TKI)t ROMPl 

Ff4v of Him ln! MI~rr,.,I 4m 11w -Ao-.r if( Ifi baiguil. at"iI gron-4w genoi IEwn~u in- 

Prolivelift-~~~~~~~~~~ Shf.hFnw.A4411-o ft Ow Im.. at ow 

11w A nrngtl, 4v the.brt ftimll i1 I the I~~ %t!w #o 

oura "-V EI lot @iilm Ilwure -wfafva ~ikr jusiNrtau (!M*- 

2i4"4..'At a ill Fq~oirt* 141,A.ej,,imvEtIvfi~ring ..t-44m~wWq 

VV 4101, Vilfill.Uua&MiSwatWV6111114 1rmjte9..Iaia a 

mlh.,wfE~uine~ntt t: in. ye'.1 ,tg.,,lN w's~taill Iniw i snetl v'w"w wvr W"n, 041 

off thr IICIEIE to.m0getA l l,.r,*tI4 Cii f~g i,4 Jim4. w'ltliuiii als144: Ill-* pir44j4 111494. JT -I mmoo' aviollSte :11.1~ xE 

4*6-imllinlnigfut (44fw l II l-Mlr.-4vi(O-go, Ii. E i4VlftEut1w mnll itvn.i 4-:111-.4A Ii' K 9 1 

6"K little ~fllV lms'*.giEL-~ 

still I hr Is.W 4w 4mir1faIE9 fill t1' I%- E Now 241441 I.muirn'h't liii',. IE..m-tI.'. an-'4 iflo4'E1114 21 itlo IICIEWE' eaJIEWE4 lo the 

WiimIEE fartswo i.' too ituIE4i litt fEE'iow illdon I~itl'4eg m4-149 PEl WIjE'+Vi''lE-. 

~E4 

... -. 

IL 

225-27929- 

-0IN- llm.' ' --dA 

,E.14 Int". 4 m* t. l.4..4-E.ggsa It.. .. - I a-. 1...4 $1.. "4.1.4 16i,,r*,, El.. t n.E rug . 

CONHFDF.NTIAL 

'I 

if 

I~ .g 

0

0 

: -- on- 

mom 2rrn mrt l 3w tviwi, tc. -hr',9 

fe jn ro"t oaw launit "v,.q.Tl 

rmintrimewi'"rnw flrWIWirficn -ad aiwi P~v *w lP 

"gInftiieiim pwtiv aJnirrl wi2 Nmlmixnl h tj~wAd milh 

A ~ 4r-lm" ~ lnw' ~ i mw~xnw ,4o wet.9v Ow pinijitili ftw..,r.sNtl awl4~hi 

i'i*: ~ lin ~ ~ #w ~ i,-.w ~ ~ f' ~ 4,,i,. ~ ~ ~ '* ~~itemso nemc1I. I 

ihi'mltw * It *H io, in in 120- KJurIm. fr PhP41 "L 

k~~~oku-ee 44'. 0.. *n)., 004Au m%-41,IW m flow a4 r ornd 

,nit~n laos 

ai11 rv 0 

.fr .I .mi ari*h him u wmrSa -n-(I:tt (I "qk4"Imem t 

II-am 65rr 2.1" -tnom 3. nlv-1t fIa 

m ao 

I* GAS~~ 

.h' u a*w. II.,. . fj.,. .i ,'rj' 

i. . ., ea .rti~q~, ii. 9wi~n'i~ . f,,, 

221-27eg .w5, Iai :.. ita..n.* '.i.h,,ii~v 1.1 

I' 

4 Ii~. 

1., 

'14'r'b.ssi '?32Ih ~.. 

nfl'.t.I ~ it. *t~t-' ns~~t~ia 

l. tin.. I':i.,tulii. 

u r~tIwa 

4 

.avq 

qltII' 5. ji51 

t 

tooh~ ts'AA -lns3e. 9.l~~ .'.i*i tw It.. , .t I,~'.i :, S"^',..*,aq i..a~g'.u 

(:t)'... 0.7 IU 

N

o. ~ U.% ~Ml PROMM~tI. W ITH Et11001411, PLM?13, KhtS 

lti4iwe.1 Ant "4" .iqb76 146 Ila211 330 30 

*ICA6 PE 2.0 M. 7.A 14.4 1". 

Pam-Lulariwa W. GA U5 4.9 JL3 11A 14A 305 

prelalwis1uwi I't 2.0 2.9 3.2 11A I"S MA$ M2 

- JAi .itll wltenthei weme imel with thnpe when bankdd 

- art illt-ty-ty1w prujecrt i3'.. were tired, it WsArptmuhile to 

I - .R~ethtgui..h WWe~tw the *#MOIR# od Wree te Ik 6Wud. 

f 

" ::.urtttftL M2 

Ale 13 

rtmotilmoord by entgravinX of flit lKirml and friction it( 

Itle- liinel. As. .hown inu Fligrn.9 ti f Chapter 13. di... 

numtt I~ in Section 13.3-2. thi. amount ix Proprw- 

lham.- temperature.. fu the pu..eler sps erooion he- 

2':'': mc-hhigherin facirwit thue~a hovtnr lro- 

(*..NV4ri.em .tv..ý4lingy . 1 .eng 

jrvih n lw qA I. .4)- voi.waJ 4g Lgutt a a 

OF CllROMtICNl PL4TE 

Wit toit lovfs"ain 

field 

Initial 

Wity 

wly 

We" 

- 

Mvstermi la)-eree. Pimular to thapre formed in unpro. 

tme'trel AMre (Section 12.1.2). are tgwcnvd in thesteA 

tin.Icrbing thin chromium phitee. ;n.-r.the formation 

4 the nltcrrd lav-er in a thi-rnosi efrect. the thickneitt 

Artillrry-ev~~~ie. 41.qvtaneeuefthe alteredl bier produtrd 61e function uiithe plate 

Ariler-tls rmw 1an lU7 its 1.0 thickne a nod of the tempt-rature ande heat content 

Gld.ing nwtal l..ndfrtf I'E 3,712 21S 2.3 

Leeeet, VE. zma 22 2.4 it( the powdekr Ka"ne. EbxPcnmeotaI data, Ob~tainedI 

SIMw. Mt~ NMOA1.laaIwIu14 311540 4S$ 4A with caliber .50 and 37-mwr, Lit"~. mtotgreat that there 

-- at -6- .4* Ve iW a ilefinite chromium plate tl~ckvr~.. for each Kim 

IlLS flect of T% pe of Po~det 

that will give thet mauxitimm perfrimmnce of PE prm 

iretile,'. Thid.* critical chromium plate thickneaa ite 

ifi-etrnhined byi the bient input tu the liwo' stirface. Ir 

lmu the dctetrminzutiun of ficu erukt,,eunc,,,, tit prupellants, 

which 6(lesrewntlc in (lupter 15, PEC projectile% 

o~ther woriLr% guns having a high twat input per tinit 

arra retitire a thivcer chrunmitm plate than gunt 

played an importuant rule. By cumpo-ring the. reultue liuiing A low heat input. 

23 I I]--- 

It Z TTO j 

CONFII)ENTI 4L

In toim it tI v* tlw- hoaiti ingui pt lwrtiit uauym in 11w it ha.. 8-..n 4,Jnlwu it#Ils, tlweting ii4 tvritooto ,* t j ~"iserw ..V I-"$ i-.tiiig Min. t.wa .4 (. litlrrvyi" 

16sty fmnllorstrt. 1wrw tawaq 11w gItrk-sw. .4 tIn. 

tro. 

4 

rmwS, T'v. thirI&-nor-r ta I~t thett. i- a1 litnit Is, the 

dmifwq rh.,tt Will firrfto týittriisi #4terlowto Ow 

chrimisiuem pl~itr S a- % :t-" fnim, 11(W tit? 0).1111s in. Im loniviltu.sw-nm silrhnmiw L.Umwv%1ws j vW. kit-,a t k h.~ 

*9 tirirm, the. wimy. lonfrioitt lrrw4 was rmwinrim4a; .wvew foal.tro- Am withikr I'orPwh4se bmio*&NWUY mu 

wvnel y. Uo--on Stofl 3.4 . I"fit 314.11 .iStAR p-isp-~ro I 

4hlsn.I -was..-A P-T~womnsnw mrelw "vroa thin ?a %T1 

anol 3vt'4,wity --.TWOltip3.t(Wfpa.. *nwpsosqilii,.ieqJ4 fi Pafs. Wuh .4f Whel are %WYl PIaviww~iii to XPA 

wvm11 CAI I~lt 1:v-p, ff:flw tempeinwstt 2'1441 K: 121 trumoosta 

I`NIWAM2. M.-iny. WAtuyVeif K,~ 13) a l4amliolo A thvi.rlmolrft ittwbtima I.(0017 t.oo .010 in.) nx 

Imisio lb.smd.'v 4Wtusv fliniig 4DO/t nitnq~yeli"~. Ra6y If# OWr We.4 fol1.s'.q 1-Y 4 thiRSWw ehnmnitim ISSyer 

tmoWnimusr 31W. K. (OAEU isL.. poorfs 4tsnoto.w ftl swh is 1 omtmt PW- 

wvqv uposeina the re-to. flat. hnwwl, r.err fm ing4 iil a lMt '1 : ni ,h-.rtlw( Si-tim~ or 2r).24. 

qlroq in vtd..st % af 21111 fpo wmit oelowena-t. Thve ie'ltar~ v. It nits ma'nairl. el thet~uritr. thatitwlim' ealila!. 

life o it.'hm 1anrerrh lmvuiiilti Il , aritiato A4rooiimugr plate tiusto oof to-m inpoit in r utertit-iilzt' Min art- %rr'* il 

thicrlise-soovwu, a.l findl %witllIJU fl aiff'ria't pim 1e9.. i.. mtool a.6m rte. wrol . it( chrwitidin, pla~te ul.:rkr tolft 

swatarmmrnn'a in Talui.' 0. CUM1 in.. glUt a thit-k r'tJlmlt-ehrmimn oliaplte plate 

Rai 40q ,tfiw.J iiS,1 I"~t 

iNJ~ K~l IN IMI1 OF CIlROtIt'M. 

* rLITl:D BORES 

the w..aaw et.--C.vivSK.Iyl5 pe,#tileols it was SamP-O 

Woo ol". 04 "a,~ '70 ~ ' - qmam 110" .vn trrvomcq and friction weret a 

* ~to mojmn (motswin ithe b~iliare u( the chromitini platte. 

I= eiwW 4--cripti~m .4 the prngr.,iw n( ebrorniman 

1 36 p~~Ileet fajl~,' vinteltr hy'pt-melat v rrmnditm ;i4jv 

~ ~ ~* in the fin:Jppwtlt 

(lel'usfr:~ll~2 

ow ~tiflf..0The4 processof erapion 

mihtrog(crnist); 1"j 

* 

00 

inj t, 1.1 m rimi 

144 

470 ~ 

in elu~ain-4 .pl:sttnl run'r Minai is ile!%'rilvil in See.tion 

3M.2.1. 

;a p-nernJ. the faisirr in' a erumnitt~amp.tcd ntirfate 

410043~it ato dii I 11 eti' .. r inK .trasw (2) biutlet friction, 

(a) ~ ~ .. ~ ~ 14, ~ I'(31 ~ MN tlp rusitl e gnt,' at the.g Min stco-I-chrmtie tim 

o 

0.0" 

ION 

F 

0 0=710larq'ntim 

1.1" 

vim 

lInevfa~e'. TI.. fir,.t fio iternla rer t'ffvtjetve ch~iefly 

il rthe lack (-! 'ltictlili- of the ,'hronuitim. 

1 lv fa-rim-'ta .4.anarmitin plate failure ustimily 

ts, 1)ScmYvWd nws: (1) rt Aeing d4 the pla.te in at Week orw 

rhori~e'ruct p..ttcvu: (2 cutoring lip of the colgel of 

71w zslbove ltint Yirc ,'hfn prilphiil1.'t-in Fiwin'c 13. tIn. I4lxwL. rF~.'l icAth' Ilrfrrftee w~rink-led nppP&1ýr 

* h',..w citri-c'. tAwm Oit when t1whe ft'I iiltaist ip rwe' 1i. after~; fti .f-ring. or renitivaI Of -mail crivck-iiol ited 

19 eal 'em', a rhmaruniiam p .to thieL-ni-so greater than 

00001 in. to necr'raer'rin it' ner l" tult ~alit the. liout 

leutmka& of o~irlnaimnu; (4) .1';ullir.g tr r,'nuovid nf lptrge 

art-ax alirt-' tioi nleriatting.; and (1). in the cn-P o 

verlocity prrfornmiinee is( 'E prtijts'tile'a. %%114.n theheat 

input it Is.tiaesn I ; jmu 15 .':k1 'em', flic Iw*.tvI xt 

phit.. dli-''r th~in the' vrili,-:i !hir~kn;-%.. the' fornia- 

liasi -. , .n 37.r- 1 ~tvcl baerhnvumh the platte. 

perrormin.'r ii. olberrved %ith OCOti-in. chr.,mtiam A.%ri., r-I in Sont m t 4.1 4 4Ich "-r'r -"-- frew. 

1 ,L~i ii;, I... -ý 'Xe~it n. t h-t '.c iiivsa wit ... et 17 rild/ tiun iut .- i Itt. roin . ee it( win "trvl %%ere ern', guedal p'rrfrm:tnmi iu eJi..vrve'.~itla % ll, WlRSein. 

1 (re't ly 

co~ltic,' 11, v'. ita -e, ITE pr,-jr'et -, Since thrnnmiu~ti 

cliraremirn plate, Nitt ri tmmdrr-bluy lattter pe'rforamame 

tl iet vsu 1".lun if Ilse Hlate tl'ickr-soow 

plite, Im...'- I ;t. high f~vlinr~t~point (aut10.74C), 

t 

juss-e'-r- ct.~n? rr~i'.tari u powe er r is o-it 

nei'a' Im(rto ser, 0I)7 in. antd ( MlIR in. tr.i i'ie.4 ;t .ltronrmimt-psl issd ure and PE 

CON FIDENTIAL

PUKE~~N~' Kb 1MIJEII.KlbIfI :14 1111.'. ii I 

to iiE 9" 

~a ~j - r 

GUN STW.YgE~'VL.7 P 

3.005 OL~ PL.*T $kWI-YO..SMOOFps 

no 4o G o A 100 1400 moo W.O@ logo 460 to= 200 20 400 

am, witkh I.awhA. an, w-r4 vw.. .,..4 111,% *w1I I',arm..l.,awml P. Imep iml.ýmb ma a nowull v.wily ol 3,6i73 it. 3.7M0 1p. 

PUMO..Imiai41 A.~4A 1mjorilk-tew gi~u* ..- rdkt 1xi. eanvo~iVATem 1,'ci d w~whp~a tfile Mir ocromius 

fwgny.inerrou.-A vmn. rapitlh. I'aw,,1.i4asriam.IT 1'E bults 

loave 1lW l,1nIM,.I pn'iltriinu wreii~aal At 11 imaw 

RA afrte Land Fro* torwiaw, rate after f Vth o Muetrl ha,' 1wv'il.-t~p0.4ti. 

In) fitole 1 w poKt.t~iaaa.Ia the V%.%PI~ 

to riv~e a vehx~i4'l it 3.11301 tu 3.711() f130 il a *lS-in. 

harrei. T'Ile talperi-i1 *twrmtq-in tatt loan) lentcv it 0l.3 11C e il'kitit Ahinoru 4Aw4-rvrd with 1xianded ui atlPE 

its. lwIvqq~t1 te 4wildn tof riflitl~ fur4111 ivin s14ana) 0.441M. 

in. clarunaaaaa il~lslte llit-in lwllt'd ril ittiin " vi* null4 

janlivetile.. fireti in tvam oloel uatl Arfruitiim-plated 

low"a 6. kinint~artiv-dtl in FVaiarr 1i. 

7-trd IT. pracjertilr- io hliown Kraujillit-al'v it% hViurp 1 . U'sitg a drlnip in velivity iof 2X)wfpýns ta the criterion 

used 116.111 * Eirect on VcAoeitv Performanee 

Ilhe nAalp -lusti that file diariwtiaaiil [little pnirsilew .tW tim- vehicity-Iife, of the glna, it is' taendilysivi thilt 

tigw Aiel siarfatva f-r a dilaitilleIaa. -rital. 'iaj6- Ittricl s.1 I'rro-it~hriumc IT.- laialet.-t ruiviinesi with a ehino. 

pndes'ti141 i- nitiiidt A-hurtr for 16. 1XISI1.,4 -It' rt jua. auituaul-pIated Iire NO auinevv time vcx-lctt perfurmance 

tvTk' lIMlleta'. AA' oilln no$1111 P'tval is eapimeaci lit Ohe 44 fi joigan, lli' 1wrfurnaonve 6 4%otmu aiTtable 10. 

T[~SIM 

-6 VA 

-~~~SM __ - ,-- . , 

FI - 

-LAI 

u1 3 'slo -64 Ill. 92 *'SLULITS 

a on M Sao 0 Too 0" '.00 1100 .100 I200 1100 ZO(I Z300 2*00 

M." S elate 

CONFIDE NTIALt 

. . .. . ..

IV . T'll 

V.17-1111 93 

9.0113e~ Atillt n.Crpoei mu M 302 

OAN in. Cr g0ai. ArteW IliWek4*.V W, 230 

TP 41 1 V'V1~be in Wvry, a".1 trii'fjimif It(e Ill':ertv-t# fiwsaii 1.p11 

loor wLino, iloPgu ., it Wiass " that 

icc the int'c-n-3' in VehoilYw' iiv-lm elf Jic'gcm- 'l'e mmill& As~ a im'in-fiilarv' fte flow #64gli fit * heiprrt. 4urity 

itheew thai~t in e wibmir ft ic ee e thi cleiainieii Iwcrfiec'i- !IWsls %ticgn (.Nc'im4f 3111 t it-no~e eittvifeim lit make a 

20"e' will P'E 

l~sicria all 1I prt of il 

icije~ti'. 6i, nl -r' too (I 11:erru- 

.c. lm jc'ciii'. thlat milt on I lu. 

h~c'veim-m 'tlimi .17.1c1c" gun ancD eleA-rl'uti'le PeC'ficnn. 

3emev is( thIe PEt' i-hpoiciiinc plate rtritiltima icoun in? tlio 

I eem'. enl 121 citv a diirieeeicieeIisu-eail elooerit' haicnvg s join. Wil! lii, 'thentl in . r i elenigqe'frt~ 

e'hcwiieni-citc'I ime'kiwi gnte'r thain the r ric icvl rew the glen Inice welt' 144t rip 

I hiekcii.e romte'"r' nv tic c.,vent 1-enceationotnae ccltervtj l 

1. Al 40-enna ie4eerocif put eci6no IXaycepuwiflegtifox) 

oeee,4 LaYrf As tic oc',I-,erccgcusica iseree'r. Iewcgth mt N.ail 

2. ((4wlniIfe Ill-mm fralift norreri qecwA to 

Isc liwr lec't. l'ccn'-l.l1cWize'l l'E hieoele'h wine fir~ed 4 I.t~ifee i lm nrrell~ cl-in.ret"Iwith Ian& 

cmliil ke ' h.eflnv btiichl'l4 wtve ech.'crried at IM ll (rt ina .1. Lacults at five egisrii u( rifting pttmnted with a 

the lmieul. '116,1 dlid nic4 hicepen- ccinii 2.77M rtiom Ill 31l-elc Arm Itqm-ce fit .-Iimieute' -hang-topm." 

hail-t lim'e tied , lWe-meew jith a K1uee-.tf-1.Ilisre 01141 wi Pleat4d weith 0t1U'". ,.aanclzcl Afircwinim. 

ofm4e iIT leeilit'tee keY heeling e't..cctel cafter 2411-M2 

1 

rimtsoiclie. ivc Ieiffirtil. .ce ceiminairifhe..at 

It.% firing a noem.aI vcilthe pro-evitt~rava'd projemillh 

a lirmei.n' ef( .410111 p4i fcrcmwir). it was etpeeted 

maccm pude' amcl 1Pireic- iaLeru~ml 'icr') PE1 Imiclf-te ii- theat a alcciuk' tdCa4 itY (if .1.MUiticl wocilelv I%- arhicc'ed. 

thlIe~c ie tmrcroff'ie.file let 5.5 3 140 Mtirmew. 

ILIACcc. Tutw 

ILI 5DKj(\ %ND) rF'ST OF T1l1F 37Aj'It 

(;LN. TI; 

'rIc 'l- 1 c1111 gill 'eirrifs wll rluanclcer-r!. hcoe'eu. 

~andi rifled arn-enicigi fti I11w clintewic'ir, aehewn in 

ILT. (,eCr'I I'lan 

Filltert' Ilk 

'Ilk- rtmo'ieetout oleer the' 27-mm gumn, T47, T raecc 

It loc' Iw m - Iii ,wnct iiilic t ie e'e-m'i'ijo Iile s twlic m ilh t iac ewi 

a, lap mvI zrete-: i- liii % (Avi-lt.ife' e ei~ilde II. el it~itivi ll it A'nith Ps.5g it-. 

le Njins'rvele*'iv Aim liv lo~eig Per'en-l.ielibriZi'l 44tef Il- Pi l bnclc-cr rliat'itr v 99 ) in.$ 

11ee v' vii Itit-imii -c. .4 I hce' Miri. iimcii ji~iti. hleecsI4 le' Ncclc'mf-lwv'.I 

.acels hit the tc'cccfcr:mitcrc-c lee clrii'cei-ce c'l I t-pci elf grcoi'm 1 IM ~t in.S 

iiii-teir v v I i-11e til- 

.o44-i1 t,, 'ri.e..--icii, 

froai-iti-si iciiti~le'rcitn- it* the 

~ ecIiief ellc'".'. 

'1*% i.el 

%%~~c 41111.4e urticve' .'lA~irii 

I ini 25 eucilee'pa 

lit iloc viclheer -A) irige~cc icc mic, Ill c'it.%iJJ~c ~11hcielr(~trjll I 357.4' 112 in. 

cim-rc-:1-- i vi %cI-ec limtvI;qc e'il. ~cls-oc~ig ll,-e efcrjhciic Ii7-11112in. 

1.5ece1.;cii 

CON FfIDL-;NTI' % 1,

6 016 - SW 

ItW4Si(4 

NW4250-fa 0.e 

4*~ ~ ~ im m n LO 

Smuwo 

*$at OF tsNeo 

Fe.4 taug IN. (mmel.-raied eifitsiug.4a 4&nl,.. few~nsuw., m...tI it... 37-eum. own. T47?.4 feett PE pmeJavl.e'tw 

t t tnw caIiithiotieot were nmall f-ee thme ,-hanlirr. ebrietriiern wao ik-po.ti41ci twi the grgoovr scirfuce. The 

Shirle Wax th critical ,.e-tiern elithe teil,.t.. The M~.egIto a pplirutilim ofC tl.tN3S-in. chrromium plate on the 

Akmead that thme lin-motim to fir ibm-e in firing werem gvmeve wwm%14 pwt m 6nlVA poov. .li.mite 4 

a. immsli* ner the y"Iel Imint 4of lthe -te(44. flow. 1.31 ; in. i.(W in1. I 

cmvre oince I'E priejeeiilew wer- hei,:ge uy~e'e. the timte After platling. the gtin tiehit e. ire found to be conufnamamurnu 

pirtsAmre was' reeleeced snd lthe radtial lesiel eetrcte~d in ltie groor?.. The grouvrn e rce lapped to 

4lue to engraving wuA ls, Ime liminjateed; therefoic it 

wuasflt tiwi the gutn tlee-woo.ePtneeege-neeegleto with- 

1.316-in. diamecter .eap that it PE projectile. who,.. 

numirmintn e1hincnter arm-sA the treth %ias 1.513 in., 

tlain 30,0tMt p.4 teopperi. Two Kin tuleeee were, later emAelY pase.eel throtig! the Itoem The finail plate thick. 

pejed-lmnril at t,2,(XXI poim tceeppe~rv %itle n-P otruneti ne"wast I'mendIiY gatiging toliconly 0.C45tIuO.005.5 

tInship. in. on the Imnmix and 0.00-30 to 0.0035 in. on the 

(loiwnieten plating of the Iiem omrirt.r wase tomsart glr'iteee 

at a point I I 3 ice. frimin t he tern-elt (are and proceed 

to thenmeaggie.A.lloeenviee in the lanel 4liee-m,'ieetne wax 

nmale so that afte-r maridining. 0.002 in. ieee the ruditim 

was to lee iriuve-el by elecet r-Ixpoli..leg. to give a fenal 

s.is ~nttutinition 

At~ 

itperiaI eeaentlncepnct were allso reiteired. 

linil hinmicter fifure platingo ut .469 (+.0021 ia.T"he A~ ITE lireeji-ile wreighing 1.62 lb ind madc accordapphie-utiem 

of 0.tM-in. elirmrileena plate woetile tme-n uing to Flitumrc ITs ',- tt:4tel atlithe sfntme-~rl projectile 

16ve the opevi-ictil land elianicter fur the tini-licid Itite. to obtain i cmele..itv ' V(o 3.50m fps. Other projectiles 

.Alloienrive in the greouve ilinecnmieta e.- nialle- rfo It %%(iKT~ing 1.3-# l1) :in 1 1.92 %h iere also neede. The 

25 per cent IV"e. ,Iieribleetion 4of lie plate thickne-.eee standlardl proect'vile andi councrrieltm routnd aret eshowen 

thtan wmp, to Ite decpueeitri on !he Itenel.. in Mpigre 18. 

Ihee grouve ilimen-n on wra. nuemele smaleiIer Itee-cmiec I lie eetarefelrd 411-m.'i evrt ridg~e ra.e, M2 I was 

it wats e~i-te-el theat le." efirtniieniie wou~ild I,'. id- re--heel at lt te neck and eehuceddcr we that a 37-mm PE 

'leiiee 41iIIere-ie in plate e i. rlmt helio n ww-ik-i e4ieee m e I 

teo lte 41ifte-rriw~e in eli'tjiee-I- froent lhee anme . PIrleeim, 

mixp-ricuie' inelieicato thlet %iwsn 0.ttI-in. e-leeeeeititio 

Fi rings to e~ Ial,Ii-Im the puci tler grantilation and 

60ee %%(-re meade at the Orlnatiner Re~e inch Ccenter, 

Al xrilieni I roving (.ri~mrtl.21 The rr'.elt. (4~i these 

irtee de 14ceeitede on the land, -.eirf:,n, celeeeet 0.00 15-in. frincgs- tire give-n in Ta1sle 11. 

CONFIDENTIAL 

UPTI 

LMR

MUMSC' 

tmt 17%!r or TfiY 37-.11 ii E . TIT 

-- 'A'A. -(Uw z'Ic 

(1.1% IA T fuin 4.40 %Ima VWa v.Jw .2ara. .fru. 

120 

I'M 

L1w 

1.1 

l*r 

1.2, 

I2I 

-i 

fm1 

13=5 

1=1 

1=1 

:= 

I4on 

Its 

it5 

%35 

M35 

Nis 

its 

M22 

*#Mf 

614r 

00,442 

flUco 

2.44 

COMI 

o1P12 

IIlls 

1*j 

13.10 

Ilia 

12.U 

12JO 

M23. 

3-m 

Amm 

2.4!* 

3.4%4 

3.431 

3,52M 

Um2 

fe 

17 

n. 

34 

2r 

43 

0.? 

4.0 

W3. 

0.7 

33 

12.9 

a 1 

OkM 

43.XA4 

44.3 

43.!6 

47.23 

^00113 

mm 

Zzo 

*1.!442 

&3w1 

Z"m 

-1400 

2.!G 

vaM 

410 

l.A 

no* 

..1 

2.13 

i 

1.22 

2.92 

1 M 

LI 

2v 322 

its 

12fl415 

RAM 

Mn 

122. 

32H 

&.344 

.. 

7. 80,N 2im 713 

T1W "snlo. ut 0~.'. leC40 Aloe g11m a puwrir ,.,.*o 

hmvinpg the M.1 nmtxwi,.m andw a wri, di mtpnmninmaty 

0.o4241 in. w~a, ,uijt:.2.lc iii. ;rnqwlunt to.. idi mnt'z.T7 2w. 9. '3-u 

Teot. 

~amjnc 

a omiazal vetudmty ,(.i3o5( rp*,A~ithin , pn.#^41, lititit lpm :j 11,tualifea 537-nm r:xrri:nKr andl mnt it) Ahertims 

uf WOW0 p... (etippler) *whn .a.-nt 1,14-litui 1.62-lI4 Prnpiig (rwmind tur an mnitin~ te~At. The fthcrq.m . 

proo".cLew. with air withuuit in .d4volmngi, diok. ,..anilari * n,.,antqI, wao wmI to lDi~iionuf 1, XDIC 

we,' 13 

.~i's- -m I 

AI? 7, -- 1 - wO.I. A 

00> 

j~K,*f1 oor 4 

CONFIDENTIAL

( IYPK~iLAICITY 

- halriti.r fiing, attIV a (:1Ph-rnm-tt. NMarvhutbl, f~w thp 

Few wer~m rbla Juirgira of 12Aj4saig gl II-NMS 

po..iitr %mo-4a1Ai& 4 wd it ~Iti a velocity ofC 3,511)(1 Cpu 

M' p muvilra6 . Enmassum nintnul werr G inm I gritsua 4d 

41) rsanc tu It a fatir-ful tr ifC 5 t 414 i rsm mi Is per n minOr. 

Failntir ee tfh Ie plat P aa,-iarmi I i n tl I evnmovb amd It he 

I.ulbeitm-uit Arninbin of tilk- pgir.t anil ertoijon ol' the 

rp,4-imtn4r% aupti4c :rInsapin veiut 200 fps. 

1wv~ altermicatt is( tia. ,.ti-4 eat tie rhaamijmm plate. 

Ahnbsiwun pilte thiawkawe it% the drietiniinittg factor 

*u emlg4aininK hog~ 1C.n lift-, when IT~ projectilies are 

liI'mr~ rin a c~runtaismntiahtetl Nine. 

ht 6i. therrfuri. rmininunbitaed that anoather .17-mm 

Itim tul* T47 Iar platett with tic peni~c t~ikkneim 

HIA.D~ n.'if dmmAtnnm plate 'an the Intuio, and grooves 

tom iswauw thermial pIrstrrtien it the, 4Mt at the inter- 

t).%I %I GUN TO FIRE 

Iw~r*i h theetpon 4otbiinn e ,Ptate tha. 

ttiakit' prsj a ia-t ~ ta their evaent thiaa1 s a ion 

temwal tof 1itim in7 c(1i ier wott-d tt 

& ~ ~ ~ ~ Ou Ivall t"'' *lt IC "in itv~; IIfl'4iertfl hyperaam . rty ' 

tole iisld I.,- arin cu tterta.it ,rw. n 1aith the Jcadg tfhe 

~ p.rt' A- fun*. tamahe 'ieeon. 'eiw~n 4 w, thei u e a 

Iex4 )i ie A.,,, acwummut..jrtsl. 'un-rii wasxpe ntitvjI tH ha

W9. I Ii-fP~5W oil~ I,~ "ult nwts',4:l. s Iu04riiits. eu - iirvi wnss milrigallsl in threumaayIrvr4ivm~k#.4I, 

314Pe. Asls ses Itli. Is I %-I irniloca'I 155 Ito1I b4si-to% ill :s Ait Ils Iglot- n-sill, - 4"m " ii. FW 19. 

pain it( thios -ixv. andl siC 1114-.4111Witu int-i*os krgll. 01is. r~pi'gsn-see'nI 4W~saa lix rhustim n(jx 

As a pilt. fiatls tlw rhirisi 4i siwajc Air dI It litssli.wLa. fo~1w tutig jo e wax k in the lix. wqinwtula 

join, tini i~tifle-4"V -wlitA siC hlslii..lj r:lIsii~slissi. vis. Iiiix the liii l1-mini Ctif nomlsi.311 lx iu~tess in ssr,'ertsi 

misook with 06P rNhuses I s. r.qn: thp nashI, am rs1vl~ tjii4t, l~SiC ii 

411ýM7141in~ i~nito 3.3.3, T11114 ChssfilV s'A ;40~l 616 V si11: tisse aezu' gvn 10 fir. pssw~lsilt thoat thel 

inan'esee'l 4liuwn #ii At miss hizvitilt ai nisizils. vubstijgv IM-ii1ni linve, ring znsl bavwb luisrk l. samqe& il wt 

Alti I , in eui'se ia 1.4111 XIs Cniii tit n on wt~ll letisllh A,( nini imioo irlimi 

Must mien. 1111Ot 191 erslilwv. 'lle~ ok 401 4 itse 

shandr hrsdimaeleiivor- crssu 

lmmsism.is. Ito. isilsl viiiminsw tw ' ro Ityq tw Isempssie 

Rmcs, UT'hos. ul.mP 

Fisrthes-r lauelhi,. ir nmlrsiolzs is Asti IvI tcodis ehstis it soot w n.t 

smix-ilwimtis'uss 

mnr no 'Iisti f .1V 

l~sfssifiiil 

A~ liangit frmliv vowwo pwnvwthim asS 

A$( Ii IN- 1111". % M.nW'I"W. tanoi. in ViMt, 

1 

t~ e~~' r~itt ic stmc 

s~ge'~m~.tiiei. I~t'e inT:Isa.12. Fruidii Iwniazin~ -oirib Ii iusigaie.sl :111 isplu'r liiiiit im thr eihaniretr siC' the' safnhIwo, 

ill Othi n-sr. An rar no. ~m of ftlsuiriati.in I(f the 

TAMAcI.lt's 6jW~fss.ses 

CM'W-,eifol lgii. A~.Z. svaririshlfe' i':a's i-eian r'am-s4 osi ipsati.sin toy an list*- 

W#WWa .4 W..j 32A L thee., twit, rut~thts'iitin rs'sleeenwmor. 61' t~i a e'humlte 

MIkup4.2111)fl 111 th 'iAt :11 in. hist% ustoo; hine. in shiawtmetr at thte 

!Ilaimsss 1 .*Wc ;m6s11.111111"s r'or1Tis.izii is'tow'r tiisrfratsamnowlf.. witll ratiaceiC 2A6 

tfs.s..iv .1 buWhstes 

.sAioshýty Il'7,of~ss.s 

Tnirs -l sst'tk 

aime 

1N1~l 

2~ 41.0 is' _ 

It wits' sl-idsiali'l s.iunks thorraotriv.oIg euf oit olwtig, 

hsrmesi.4* sif srnssrtainftrs. tnieq lii liklihowuiI su 

xnaqws h ihssai 

-pAsu 

VRioA o %cil 

-ý M-1Ait w -1 An i:v~~r. 0 .rsm. 

CONHIDINTI AL 

'Al44"MM "Asg ~kW411 

"WWitil t's"ols MeS 

ISOyfam

ocary ton unie .1tirking. Sipt-4i6 at ttrnt icon wn,6 1tien in nftulpI~tivnims. 31141 flmm t%011 V311d'Iil". The tiiniflu: 

ih-iwn lit ihe %ti-lafnve. to( crarking rkwInm tit d anii vit-sI -IitnhI~ sq-itjiei w riWst I1111.0n0 pici. 

jtid.. urime. 1411w h I hvi. Minringc 111w41hiif I.f thle brat-tn'atl.i GwgtinjDA. 

T7W frormin3 eh-gn nd..icll woos a nmlific-iwt14,tt 44 fl~l eakoifile Aves4l' well' ,liti~rteml' in fisio -- them. 

Owe i..31mti few the 121..ua pis 1.4w. '11w liuaitw ari the 1"t tit lot- wjc'tiviL In one ~ the Crar'ki 

"teitenew .liprna'n4.nA at the r~nr wet ma.ip iihpiuril verp wooe ,is.im.,.rpl tintil the final ý :-ning ., 1w'mtin,s A 

with tlub... fw' file 120-nitu tnile, oo that the tivle aittldy 44 the tmo ilata, iI?-1aaifl3 Ilk' e'1311111itiowid4 

wnathi lit the viloutnt. nth. e*9titl t~itt was' ,Iomll*hat tail.aIimprut'til. nijr4t'lthtli'a l .(W I' uhs. 

Lrnpi 131.F.t in. in~t"uI .4 -I.3. in.) 1than1fthe 12116 hii~h i xr'-tcnii of n'j(NliitmP6 wag so nuMWme .ifg Iwrsnim. 

Anti the (Sirwaantml ti was Ima.' with a m.itall~i- w nl~ish ". ilteul in aPi'r4 with In.. 1 !0 an inc'hz. 

vtcttir l diainneter. Moth t16 .e4liu tioll'th fl1'',34t.0 rating3 to. gv~* the mplis'tr thit- .4 of nivileil- 

A.MRi ift thr 1`11161 S 41111 eWigilf 61 v4!'oM 'SW~ i OA86W stedmew emhmee&in. 

p:1' Iin. 311. it wasts 0AW.I' ýa petr in, a-t the. l~irKe Ti. marh.ini~nn is( t w'i tulw" was. enemtlete.I at (or 

C611111-Tr 4'tww. T ve- ithir, .RC 'Inn are rIli.. t,, that 

whirls wn;:-rat ." a crIitiieall ,.ttesse, till%- frivm a 

vulmnaiysn'soc .me. 

as,)6 the'te'n..r, the 'hanulw'r, anti a ,'mniith hejre wete 

,'.meenwid. Ilm-se till"s. rratly' for rifling, W(Wr xent 

to Wa~tprviie't Ar~.e'nuI in April 1946, after atn aIvveC 

Ilwit had14 Imernmel 'tit'h l with the Amy) Ornanctie 

WSGun Tidies. IDtluartmittit tha.t it wipid rimnillete (heir :uanufaa. 

Impe and test them%. The Naval Gun Fatwy had 

111K A-I project was. hjlttel 1W thrs tevyninatinge ee agreni tn e'hrnumiu-pLate $hem with the enepeng~om 

DiMtsionm I*. acIlivtiml. 'tie ppuAnti',- .1 the t'.Ihe of ill th l:Ntfla'Iemlis."r' ee 

.7celt utl 4the National 

farginhl. huwe~vr, w-%.' far entmigh miung so that it litii'eui of $itanclzs~lo. The ori~inuaI ileu'ign of theme 

smeq ntI expetdient ti, lia.Lsh thent. Si (urg~ing blTnfkJ 

had been rapt fr.mn an alloy steel rimtnining tiett-l 

3C mirkel, alveptit O1.F' dirmeijun. almmmit 0.347 

tiale,. hadt mletd f..w pointed landst; hll~ in icew of the 

"tiuts. with the 37-min go. T47, eleocilwd in leetion 

31.7.4. Iibi.sheum smauu tit 1e nvundsitknd 

CONFIDENTIAL

Irhapten 32 

THE FISA PROTECTOR AND CHRfOMIUM.PLATED BORE' 

0'y Vird, IL. Smith-& 0 

MUINTROUDLTION nrm.owie rr%4.m .4 the unponsewieu port ai the bom 

shead .4 the ,.kev.i V..rthev i~miivattio draft with 

Twicmouit o prm-eninxrna-oit4dtaolm 1tb., rislbenitium o a1 Fio p-vtretr amd a cerommuiwum 

A7 ,lm4, neof te Aijilrst n printilik ilop t61t: tkwn- 4irarfre. 11w' Wm-.. pridftt the cbe.. 

e~wer the an~au h hum o'urfaiv ois aIwol , the tijM- 11.r,. (rimg P..mne i th. miznhrimtotmome that 

of the btm ptwa.Ier im,". TiueKo I'k mstmn-tew it. a th hie. I'l.K1t- th.' hfii. 01( te Kiln iurr4el. IN 16 MIP~et, 

teulI..wcd infornititon' vrivg'~eq f(inabrolmm in 19)42 

that plans fur a new Mfierow 57.nrvir AA~ pin inrlimirul 

the um- tf :a thin nuwtnl A-ev.e in t he pruojertil.. as a 

mean. .4 cnmtrulng vnwmLm 

Thor fea pruatertiw 6~ a very* thin. orightkY taperred 

Aviv e Pamot Vd.V4- t1W is -U.41 ow" ~ a r~WOP640 

tounnl t4 .tneerunition, the ;arw'r end .4 the -kr've 

onrugly fitting the neck 4 thie infritrige mir. tip to the 

pAnti~lder. awld time re'rniinder covering the projectile 

atrnue.4 to the Imt',rvde. Fignver I.~m 4-w a liet 4ree 

Wefugy and after firng. Duering firing the -how, up 

6-kz.l to ther rartrielx. eas br the en...n,,.m of the 

nrwri @4 the cae, which is "~taImmkt li the puwdekr 

pwr.4a.ur ittit smevera rectangular Wek's mlt thrimigh 

the nrarwartl end of the~tfre've, thu.. inm~rng the with,.r 

draw--J of the mireve with thecase. Tim.. the Sona pro. 

t"Ief i in ef.eet ise a replaee~abLi. ,oterl lner (*etic a 

The gun fnrn whichi anmi~ntuitm Ittjiit)tW4t witt, a 

Fi2 pffeoteeor 6~ ItW' tv ired Must he .teeuhale'ir4 .Jightly I 

in anker te allow the mound to li he dwmlerw. TheJ 

dium'ters of the reitet-init cylinther n.I of thte litre am 

far fuzw-arl am thme ("ot of the olec.e-r must h~e et: falpi.. 

be- akmma twice the thieknit-i of the Pierrep. Cretiove 

n~telaneiard depth are then cut in he entarmd Itue? to Fim 1..nt.. fit ttt.wi. 

tmood. Immu AiVA 

nee4a4J4hhe the rilling. nowAtlf r.w rn tt. .01 Fi.. au'~.e. sotin timi, 

Pre~imiannr testtis showed that tme Wista p-,cot aitran4t LA t'gtan. 21. s"e XMICtit llowt e. 

was. a rettrftle in ineres..eng the tiie of a plain mtee 

hypim-ekirity ralidert .50 vin ltarrl, I e'.t of ex. itt ~idwtitt'e it -imuilar tie that to(:a pit 4 Notre pro. 

~~jeie ehw (1--64 inm ti (empzr 31. Allhtesgle th~e Wtatr 

Tlw FrujMktu L....ue... PhAWI....ptis. l t 

,t t.W_ tiji. ripmer.. ha:. the adattlatet.e tha~t time ntrumi ciam 

T~meftem F4 i-sr-in"I wnt mwfr..,,f i.. itmi lt... tet tt,tiitjionfl--vitti. n.,t ftiti 1t -Ie.jtile-xql ..f..e bIg 

lit.rr.tur t,,i.t.Ewm.uL~t n~c~b.t tu....sw.,. V Tein iv e cal.ib~er .50 4mio-e.tion gum., whMirb 

tUri. .. ;s..r ntw A4*,. .- 4 Div.... A~. x-esIc tt~ are qic.seriltcd iii Sqwtio.n 32.3, shomMr t-tI the Visa 

t~tru~. It.prittfttu; .wtrlY ittiltiled tie. ve'hatitv-li. Tcsts in a 

CONFIMJNTYAL 649

ElTOM W111% I114MV~t411111 T IlN l 431M46`1111,tt iIWL%TXiS M1,001 

37oIn 1 ao 11, .t n -A -:hi1o1 In i:t t I i Fl,-I I olra ofrt I r rcnto- Panic* eflnt Iiiot ist itfa 051P" t . ln tqt lim t ivem~1~' 

that ~Int.I 10.1:aik- 4 ip intt-fawtwt lmti 44 *I N -41 iff flit i '11144.10K,. flsmiR 11010i~r rapt vutiolmal to 

fix tt ;tfiii .i acild 11ilt fll-t gmw. -4 its flit- Kitt%. T 

Wx am q&wyil* in * 

It-O' ok tile ,'l4i'vq. 141 thet rIW ill a ooi, a ito1 otelm miannert'. 

4 wit'uto VS asil pltw pwlmi- Anooth.' "tt'arr, that win. lamitewl t"s~hal I titp'emolm #1 

nary tsm- %iith n ttititw .qW) litto'vyl in Awitw :12. 1. (Aioin's itp'olmrwt lwas lto linvo a .'na4itliv 'atreinfrlsi 

31,1 I)FI;N oW TIlE F'IS% I'liErrcveiri 

t'It'itnee ivoa Iuw,'s' PovetiIfon G and the t't~terins wcslir,- 

.1vt od 1 iw oaillm. 

~ ~n~i*~of 11W Vtlosidoii.,4 of thse Rita i'...&'y V 

~it,~M 

i' nit- n.i snilll 1'.iKt'I.(fi't'iliiiit h The'oit' tol thim ghlove~istI' 14.14 Imve-ewh tlit Avrc 

l'ISMi 11*11- 'tAo . it V'~irioti~L lilt' dhlTO*'n 

Porto. '1111. fillal tt'~ign fatloaw ~il- .lit q.44 *t-i ti. 101t 1 

is solostwit in Vikiain 2. jawiidi.- I,, di , tzi gN'r anti ml ppl m 

( frs.IA01:n11 

4 I lolwinatg (foorw~orl fil, ing Itlit- p"Inmvnvrn oap'riati-in. 

Th~s'ii, 44481`1 'sw otatiis IMAIopev toi(altioeetre 

64.ia iss.( flop lin-41'ai 'orioip' o tip ftfltI 4t't'vt ti,..t'itolpl. 

4leii 11a~ 13it Aierv fitillif' lip r t llte tit :I4OV' miniian ix-Si~iotl 

prt'iminiaary firiing to-Is. 'Illv 4 t'141ig iiiiv lip' orliltamit 

:u'ntivtl iitu'Se t':,i~ll $Y :tolZinog i, fiiit14titsan to( s'wis l 4 oftitlew f(ptitr-ectlloan. iat 11j-ut' ,is' ve t'. ii slet, ti ' Knoiaattl 

int Fiaiore 3. 

wvsitis F anal 1) on-i the arlod' of d the ''vv that 

arpt mga'ts l~vt'. Tilte Iptn.ago aof the proijecttile thmmig,h 

00%~, san. fon't~i lilt- fou'tnl ill flit- olvvv~e into lthe rifling 

A,114 fift'w I'sulIing Igisil io linmsttengravetd throutgh the 

PAW; 44.j 

EP"J~p"D$a p*K" 

I~t.0SE2.S~, wsiam- f's,ttrU N. 

Vippona4 30ne 

s"w tvmi rw-it&'~ F- 

rwnE 

MA.ICit Itau.aI.w N... A-449.1 1retra 

itam'l it) iv 

ie.initvinF 

Alt thicker' itt't'tM 

,lprlmr 

htlIaving grenter sI rtngth 

Soct.,'on G 

I'ii, ~titotf lilt,1 ~levvet fit- 'ovr t114 ' r-aw~ nt--k. It 

OS *iflx'ml l tto ':ailitate eNtltati,,ii fI'mn lite rhi~amilov 

,ofttr fir~imj. Vo~tir cia ~miji~'l~r iwitir lift' joivnitil in 

atirt zil-mtiIt, (arfifulttlt vtrtitittim uAht' the npe rand s'kiev 

ai4Ot'flhmbloV friomthe tlc hainlio't. 'flit internal olimn~ien-j 

4o Ftr ~I k,. alswtarporm'i in oriho'r t) distrbt nie- the 

v'itgnhiviil Amrvsrts liver a grectler tortii, 

fliv-, ,o'-tj.,til to, ltk OWe I"Vtint lia ti-t4t0tt thiatit K iring. 

'lilt' n14Ini,tI ltE ttw Il wts. into, IhitA, lIole.;vIt lip'ht Spvi'oscI 

ptoms-lor jttt.-,iaii IxJorno c i Ilot'-. hkiviga opeSr. halln. 'Ila'is o 6a st~ilIla~ asa dirt' ieto tinioh 

f~ori, fts Illicker .o illi Iitlt'ittit aiililt jq :ai,'Iw \%ts 1ai etiglvnpi' th roIIming~ltt il1(l'i t Iliat 

Ini in-6141 top previ-tto failihumc ta a at r:tit, Ifitl' It" faaati tmn'-vigavam lo' I Pije4'ttleo hav'inl( i.0! )t 0.1 2-mn. 

nt'W'-Kors' 100 tcrtimp Ilit'els Ito hot' ta'st, iasinK tile l' tiatr~iiat ta Iai'iiv thet engravica l totinl timil the rlhiflg 

1 

CON FIDEN'TIAL

a 4111.11111,4 atalillP 

LAU LOP SETpA~t1ss,, 

IW eWAf# iltv ri4% rnifffTEMnR hit 

S(C ~ ~ SmOsjt aOCJ@R To STOP 

Nw u " Fium sg..an n Nk Iun W. 11 Nim, A. 4 4. 

11E,1141,100 a, L A O @6*0 

ITRAIGNI For 

knooiga fi ttw *Icq've. Wi;tis rE.,:6r rifl~tit~sn imuinmflhit. 1. K tl) tImu. to(~m. 11w. o.4a1 at 1) 010 in. iG 

Ii,,o it fi-u. 1xv-dile foaf it n lii- jilell (,iamIJlA.L fnle food, 16-. vnmvmrtting 1#9 .hA rp. sani 

* 2. Rrmmpth" f6 tinpie .Iiatowlet cii P&Y to the 

TLmi.~jo O1 TIlE SLVIV.lgl 

tharneIirto li fImtifd . .n thile Iam~srtic ath-fi r.o 

Traming t41 flp it. ffvt2'it ltr io4 ido tim.. ,iiit ~ ko-r I~lI ho.'t. i Im~ikngi the 'n'uict. climn.-r tof the skeer 

t..m. 1) andl V) %%4p the m~itit Ir.I~.uw tyw 44 Aei .1 t-mlilmi' ..'A) ImialldI 10(113 in. kdookUrr than the 

laikWp OWWAMLVPV It SO f-&Uaau shi it f~akk loop lodmrmir~t .laatmm'rv andt the th wekumed theo Amo.I 

m~mi 6t a. i4b: WS I ins it woo puim.ibh. to .4 ai ,umI ma75 teo 80 p 

1. Ind-rnit.ing the. tiltimiitte ýfry'ft~th .4 tk tow',mI in i'flt 4 ne. f l riflming. T~im. novwmIt Ihalt addi 

the' Irrvr. ('11i.. nrnw.vl nimak faly"ntiem n lid. turnedmoi motmravmitix ff( Ilh.. 41d wuimid ta~r beYOn 

dr.. ominuing pnmien. :lfltit inuptooadie.) the Av-s'e. fl-ti v - mhy Ij.'ting time Ftood um-plated 

2. incte.i.ng the tIi4kne- il be1w nmtt'At in 4v',iidda 

1) anaol F_(Atdi 

indinthmt nui.mm nov4 Wc Plifffim 441w 6119m alfrSir WA 

11W M"ui it'l P"rertile? Cu "'"'i. Iw'e ti wIdi 141 i"iI IA 

of Ilk. mectal in M4.ert.'av I)) nd E.I- 1: Pirr,imfising 

'loul~ificatinti o( tie Rifting 

,v rzdni.uitmn p1mmic tL( ii.' trt 4,irfa.eid 44 flu he.Iuri. 

4. UiNIming the riuin 

h~ lmrier t h t I11w a.,44oimultw nottol aat h Ilk k~ttv' 

t Nkul Ini thl' IA-v. thorisnit van I-Ptii~taii ~.u~'i, t id a nu.-u,: o ,r to Frmtove 

rntiru% iy, ikc hv climnri. thi ,t~fnq'! Odd- im ,tt cfa frlus. mit tim.' irr' and dricin ut ifol1inK at to 

rm.:iinlg.itodliniit,-raru,. ipr1idd-iing:ml-i.t i~h. nli,.' t,. like floi.-ktm..a -of th w Ie .'.t. A prafile u( thme 

Ai arm[ iO..:pte ,.itmhrwl'l' ;ftin IN~.t in :.'en-mhodc .,triiii .41 iifliii tom.I:Iu (ow. Ow :,ililw-t .50 odlmtis~r 

iitis ffw I..u.s.n o\jr'W' Sq? uri~n 27.4 2. nls.. n or, l'Wi~ri 4.'fl4- %-i46lmo o-iittdostI vow hltmA'ci 

the' W.ail. to"ws imke .4Iurvt' (VIVI'v 3). 

WILS Et"If of FEta!.raving 4 741. dkf, Amu-im4-ttltfd4l l"W.ý e-M 

Tug 4.foterjnim fib.. umuwint 4 7lmto-mvini o:w *wh,- N.. .1-0-1 ti.D S16to% tii, -L '-wm 

Ii nuitur 14 5'.Iv 1. " I4 ll t'k 6s,rvr'. mod mi-o lr 

. -1~i44 .1 t. ... siI..... - l .1 N , .-. 4 a I '.n - sun in 

.1,. sititit In ti's~t g ~i.,'nm iij~-ii-.0-odi~ .~ Is'".., it .. i III., 4 4'l'a 1 i 44* t' ) 

th i k odsiVTelwII

* b~t.TU IA% Pl4~et:.,T"rft, %NO CEllU.1I'Jl 11-ri.TEMOIR 

Mtasnliffacarw of dw H04 WRalive .41 11w. nIIjj(n-!lra,'iT of Iirt. Akirt in 

11v ha .W 1.4-01I uvir letpiviverl IIINI' 

fmin -. 41 Avel,. lint o.swk, 1Nain-si,,.,ilu .4th.. 61 1 U- 1114 ~ :l ii FXE\iit 'FA 

sapmvIT.'WJUr ,wub a 

Jfs~ ~~~~~~~a .~ IIN. .qw amcu 

ll 

gfltAq' w.~Itn~Iin i.14.11 ill... Whr., - Knalwo ~ip". 

tli. .J"qI,.. 

swag eajui a.' wit.. t.. ill lit. gnIIum-limatry t.,i-AA .4f du 

A Upon- . 4w,. , 1fw 

1 6 ,.n~auiliulmu Wia. rfl,. .. qlW44.* ni : va..4imdgv 'if ,10111 fe, with a Plow 

.4:umnfly,i~ 1 ..&~C finw. i ww SIu a ro~qawv. gr.-.e. is a rn. owIla,4 aa sUA Imu ;"- aw A in . 

-A ..4l.r.,wian - *t.-4 12$Al%ý 1i11I, lu i 1w lp.1s lmwvr.. $,tilw..4.wi-itI * . theywen-.i te-fe"Ii in the 

im%- iiiikiw-.o . g t* t l~ ive at . n fl ~itin- 1 1'.Wkt~s llffoh ifill 111u1w* K;e:' 11113 a v.iewiity o- 2.!XKI (p' mitll 

in itt.. fi.,i-hw.I Aviite. TI~." r~litmfrutin .n lievvew~-rnt a ..vdiiu. rei:* .4 tin,. 1.4 :il..u Will) rpn. 

Pe~iing, in ilie .11.- .hifini.n tim ilirming 11ll. ..%iti4i lt.'i-e. its till. wa-~n-e-i in were firrqi 

liewtl,.. 4 11:1iim,,ai,,n' a. it... -ant. f.w lip. rahil..t mills qjtpilk-it..Iw. Imwk.i~~r rismajninor 20% nitn- 

oi,~irt wa.% aatji-to 

1w,' .4 Atl-j. ice tht. (:wi~irliti id f11w Avvroilso sW~ - (riollT 31 .d ('lepter it). 11w.- 

4 ~~fen-v~if. rifriir54n twlw.i.4hlu..t,.lhwfalwirmiatifdiul v 

to. xivv :s timanjausi peN-d. W-Umwn vi .A1 to 

may la-flA.I &0 nirn- ,:,i.vkj 1-i (ro..pgwri friw ir.t ve-ity' .41 3.5MI 1. 

.17-min Fi- Imd4iTHi ad iitu 

In F) 

ti14 It 1 

* 3 2 £ 1 tO pj4 n l m 34 is 

co\FII)I2TI '.1.

P nrfrtow.i 

lifo. for 2. floo fill-n r."itin. .. I.~r4e at PMS ft hallI 

141 tIllrM mw.A,, it.. thuln Valt 

*:itsu~m :. fit1 

~i- 9W k&ib.9jjljlC W 

L-kei at tat.'31 fie. I,, ,Ient.'n,,. tw -ls..iftelifmn acul ftm ol 0 - 

I-w-I .4 enosvivin 4e 1he. 6e"6I. an-I MIgnwrov. . 

C..n Steelur" 

mi,41 Ti-Y l-.ive. oft'll'? tc.... 114a1th .t a fill rnoIve~..tossl n :fm 

Il Wt llV ite, 141tleI IL -4- .4 1 .I'~ 1ls toe.-m 

ratossaeIs il:' .igi4c41 Iriwill-t:.i..g 4 lie povivoirn Imm1 Sm"to 

Mi 1 

laic the.i utstvI o l'IV.s 1)"041"7a' %SO ma1 %f ~ *#*j .. ee . 3..!W (to: lI IIenviMjA.liIssn-a 

od. the. plm.rirntm v.,t .( tte.- mienen- ri-~eew Vas .4- 1-#"4; om 1.".4.- Vad a 

.'itlte.,In tim e A . k-P fl '~ t.. imu ss a l.,'o - il rc e o os w m -m4 nvrfar2 a \ 1 f-sr 

thget ism" 'Mis ... nthe.rol ts..-un .4Inr 11w .widn lor the eu ~ 2 4.~m'~i. .m';..4 

pitt offer~'44 elituvs. W. iw.A'irvesy ert~im- .16umdte ltusinriA umiut * uaeki 

Iowa ow me Wrmmww aiftlum 4 Ms. nalmnelt" satimmmom .4 ralvt- lirr. A.%ja.a p iwnl mer was. umml that 

hatl I1 eas-dtor e't-,caia.ntfelr a..1 fIie pfwIM1rs -016 

OumoitimeMated So oe ' .. A) zeirrreeft nan chirit rine hoarref~. Tic.. riffine; %-ax 

Most." :1w t1wr in' ha-v fw iles A-I'eve use.- pu..riffee 

numk- 00t~in. tiep tr cariptin ill rflinK w2A. mellifid 

le Ivy ti a.vrtnoen,,eiodt,' ties -k-r%-r. itvu the s. t it-...s. pwa.. l"es 

Artmritmn pla.1.t~e.' flic mertira faihirrt "nifitsm-aw. in ua jib cromeee intu I)AEX~.ifl. thirk at tie'lw crr-it m'ill and 

3 

the.P"-"pn'rrdc.ga'.mm'ie. ics geet~wI mce Iewercc4 4) (1145-in. ftiec-k at file. muzzeg.. 

~~~~~~wa.platritjleOtSS.t.,-iiin..:ertira i renijeeia lte Ihlk' final tm'~ .4,eid eee.iIt' .6-VIs. fve'- Kl nU 

plate' 04.-stiom 211.21at- :uI'te rol.'ir.tli~tiiti~cts n'cmeae. 

thiss thiceitkcw to( ..t.'., flses plate. ,.l.rt,. at file 

ot:5. fired A ith a eftiuancl~ri charge'd I4 NIM plywcer to 

give- a ettizzla' vdeaiti 'v4 2.800 fpmýe.1, 'ermt f, 4 ce't A-am 

..h4e.,hh-v At tife IMr lsa'w rcnl am( ,.evrits.e 4; 1,...' lFigceir i',t wil l, a plain etai~qi iern'i andi bull teeletlo'. M2. 

311 aewe Toast 'amitie,,oiome t,, lite' negezzli-. EjhIsa,. ern'i was. finil 7.-) 4i reucct ine thrers- Knitept d 

* 

t).ennic fill. life- 4 lite. gvene lie.- .uan-. ewe' lit- *ssewegen 2341 rceeimmu.. vn'ide~i a rue. eiee.'eing u( five- 50-routd 

.d nifllnic we.. e..etpeirlk.t. pr..treiNt.I 1ev leelK seg tweee.ele lIeeee.gA rinl at t-neill ilieltiee.1Oetlee 5 X .50(I)'.ehece.lle 

~~~~~~the. 

Ass~e-v. Feiitirw st-o-simA'cI I -eetae. rild ,,, -- l iver its, ,I-fimee in Se'rfiests 23.t 31a;e a .'ryir cite 4f0Mfl to 

.kevvre. :jiIfej,eeede tIe.". Iate'. ~.-.,e Va m.ie:) I,( e~w-. eo.mnI4 ittineltf'. 

Iethan tha~t ee4o~lo4'.to its tive gcm11 ,141.4 1...'.. *le 11, id Mlif vi1w eaw . 7511 rietm,,le tilt...' e-ap. tniji liehrut. 

tIlso .. lave ill as chInlremei.,ee.114.1t I.. ir iicmteavic.'l thec neiicm-pi. s-l leesrmI tt-cdl vith it c. Fý..e pmrviutc~em 

e,'larjt -iif1- .f liet- polio (i. ir tiima.,. r. ..i~teerc'l %%ll xitit n Plclee,.I noe otrcep in ee -isi :still e ll tue d teege in edi asn.n 

..t4c4 'ticl-i. eell-: 4delve' uA..w1 l.. te1 in lee 14. c eil ilft n~ -1 t Ilk 14ie.* wegee l .4 flicig. 'lice glut .1 el lececeg'rn' 

**fte $Ie-v gt.'oanw- immisenr .4( g...end. eAiceccrl :t vi. elymi 

a urew Ilm iieii Nlcm e'Iet- ;l T., et k-cim 04111 is% i N 9M151l4 soiiiin ritlinc. I'\erlternteesr, -4~~iE 

'fle. ,eeeinso . .41 . to-i - %% Ii toies te.. isicegece:1itite. reeeIr...e;.. eclu~n':.- Ieell - .4 tjn' 'e,,eIjet. fif"-c (irIi 

£11t:1111 m .,k'A t a* ..1 .0 .*~rc 4. list. I. e.,% io.e. el leis t- A i %e . fic I, I.ere-I %ill I Ft 1 sI; jimit -t.ir. Le-hv k4i.i 

~ 

CONFl DEN TI %L

.l~thstmI i~lt iv Ienring14tl d.. l- pf .'e.'. wax. ,d..4rv.I file A v Willi tIlse .m. afte'r firioix. inl lonrhlndar a 

durimng thei' l''. th116 trul not intlIITftl Willi il 1' rune 

ftiming Cir t jif 'iwi 4n tl(IWwign. 

Itow n'rt,4r-utn IM1.11111 U 1000 liIXKi ;"npwrf. 

In, usro 

1 .' toi reohimr the tcifr;1no tui .4 iit l. 

C4OW AOew~ 

Iwi'i'f thirxitq'.'ano lu Imse lns telvew' .'l.i.' r W..wit3e 

wjil VAC600 11S.A~ritioua rauilaug,.. I*Iw fulIJJWim 

Ot"vs w ttota 

.'tr~ilr nluw'. .~l~rn..( i~'uum~gn. lifll~. 

WKN 1041w1ilwil fat11w' the u gwedn ~44.h' 

. ('wlminmiilliuialuql -ass lniwit. 

2. Cuthanium..n~pial AnnaledjIi~ Aetw'Vem. 

eeimitusl, flat 4iei4 airri Ca ~u dm ium platc-1 las n',lns'w 3.l'rmlsIil-.inun. 

?Ir (Veitl Itritirr"the' hadimid'r? 0".4 AVr~qphw if 

hi IL$4u41 20*tMU6 

Its-ttv nrns''ary toifumlify I'mt 4ll.t~ lI.(KV'*tws'A l 5liuiw.d~rsu'd'. prevotie'e (Cuplie 

732 (then iindeUil.'r&as It-At isv the Ordnavi:rwu Dpi).;rl- tans a rveluitv- to4 V0111 fpm' shlo,,w. 0~ 1 all the bra 

the lmaiamier'.t tiv. .iK1 in. mlidi u. a.. lsitne m,. il,:,i i1w' b~ilisriz'a P4Y1 p..rfi-nim..l lomfelr than the uMe 

d*anu-'t.r of twiw Avve~, mithl Ise r.'.him.'l in ,wiiaitt. 1) Avt% ', ... ,lrctwn; 131 the ninewahis s~e'vro were 

andt F (.ti'. FiKIor. 31mund the 3lanl5 ('1)1141li u'Iseosemt in lmwttcr Owun flu- s4lmves ast dtrawn; and (4) Pare 

fbI' area%' dr4'SiKIItr~i tis Iy and F' in Firvijr J. thiss laIw.siti'mn file ,deir -itirfa4v wup *Wi~hll v etter ttis 

wax n.'.'e,'..sn' tim ldtajn tlslwr .umgniviunK .4 the ri,. viushmitin plating it. 

tatinx bautd .4 the pruai-etik'. Tiu- roninpantv .4 the, it wax lnsqwA Ma theI 11 4,''-ev rtmld iw' lippell ov 

astmeicnlavil noulmI. I1w a.ssqmiileelu rgmi.nd,l anad a Ijitul e6i'1*IIK I Lus vikl rfltim1ix twuhiosit tiny thange to C~ 

nournd ar' shiuwn in Kam-ur 1. minuanniljun. lru' 114" o . 4(i exer.sdve int~erfr'u 

X tiaal ut 80 ViNWix woo fivre Ald. rv arm ene. l-twert thet olvew .k'antd thelihiial in the groovestshe 

tructed nm trueu 11w 'lwal.r uandl tiwr,. uti no, stretch. ,ver. atsmmaff p.'cntpo 1sevrwreti& 

inig 414 ten'infg id the ,'lv4've. Ile411""l.liruiiu~n j1ite. itiu eingmaint~. 

failed a*iillti 1114 I..n'urn (As am nt tof a 11.witmaIduu. and A i.ofal of 1612 nmiasnL na.-t fired in the chromium 

firimw was .Iiss.'amtinsw.1. pilated 37-anim barrel. Fxvr,-Avc' rrusiwn 4 the chin 

milam plate mtofrnsttl a1t file' ms,,imuln h.'igt oft 

.17111 FIRIING MM~T land,' ttn in tlw' grouu~r jio' leYtmid tlac end oftI 

4"", "'.likIm. hase lw'a ltrilautitd to) u:proper apt 

A 37i-mm gon tulis'. M.3 waxse .ll) ried Air thn' 

rim. pruategtewr and crorm~itm platesi afiter 'ivertrspuslisling. 

A1 Ihickise~s .4 (h~~.. OA it).(E0%0-in. , 

elinp.u 

mini,, plate. was :spplwale. *ffmes-''. mw n 

vation .4 rhmrsnituim plate'. Ax nwnljoned in Ch1uA. 

20). therts flits ntot yet lievit %uffirient excperietnce 

aappyiiix thick'I c tiumlin glatess to thi* ý'iw. Kiln tu 

fi~t to ive ass.,rtnve tA suici'.'.' in eYrvm plating job. 

.'upjwvqwxt flat. 11114-4lws' meel,. In xi..'itnlt14tigfile It ist rorimumnivitl.mi that fuirlter. lust ol 37-mm F 

w.'rmuastl"with IIse37-nmsnt arl rit Igo r,.% I M~. lemobit- ;rnije.tilet. having a rv~wilum 1)401, dliametert so ti 

Ismomi powder'. tNII-N21 it.)' u-441 if% all fit-. test.. there is no intetrtvnuice ill Ilse iruivms 1The ral 

P'relim~inary lirimig t,'-l s'itmeawn 01h1t VrlsP W30. 

.iv,c14mtryl to lork thw ArIeve fi, fit., cartridrjet va1st 

1.4,41 ,'iitl~t a1.m. lwa frt her r,.ilwvil l.y inerra.-jng 

,ev~tsninK tim eanmbtrxI ns:i. dvvlk'ui'd in Sect 

Osrtnmgli cm'nisml4; inmr 111IIl' 5imn4ltr vmrlrtvim si4 27.4.2.

Chapter 33 

PRACTICAL. HYPERV~ELOCITY GUNS 

By LLLAdamw .S. l&Ldru-.'smadLL Sew 

~J PNIPIR NT MTUTS OF T11K thjee weer % -rw oftirtelevi f~ir iv,4emt I of tOw Woinoml 

l)VVlFI.OP'II:NT puwiii it( site- InzenaeD.Ie'oim't m I, sowna u 

OLIJ antliv COM ofthe ril" 

au~ ~~~~~~ ee 

?buuyw. 

t e eee'e'tie.r4eid tv'.dee ca rent-r eel Ste'ifSijtXe. 21 had 

-csvaauia' %it&mle.I. io a raiw.3) airrrnft msee-hine. warn Issir- 

~wI~a Mwvletee ist .1 4 -cdinn 22.2.2. At tit-it firm expei. 

rrt 9ttV c l re tifiin/e erp*.it.e hao, Iwtiv tIlse mirx .eltN' e'ne'i. in mpke~it' l~arv 1nt'rp4nwete Puoiing-'cf.'04e 

1 hk'pa'ncow'4ty rinvile'm, all wait Ierwet'iht oadits i lifte'Ne.. 21 -- to -slch treial pre'pnficn timehefiri as 

Clabwer 1. 111Wee01u1'e6'0ed tIlse "erb"Istzeewne eel 4'enwelue eeieelt'riakenei Ic' e'heenw'thewt'.nk'e. liacerttorfefrletoy 

4, -fisli:'4'e low I)ivi'.eee I heave. fel I teean iismil-"rotneeiimeg iee eeotrhineinffteg lie ne'rs nutaeleI * v the' tithe'r lsiywtleu, 

ofl the part that elitle'n',t fae'tler" leift,' vit, that pn,ý ane eeeve'dnieent-4'mt Iirfw$* ý w1,'4 Wie toeei-jted in firin 

a- +etit'mWl~elr nOuite'1 l 3.. (eiiila'cl I y hi..t knl$%% hceit. too lit' indieelei in till- Krweep te'4ecr.. 

the wot'fth furt ntiaitreineI,, i'~"u-r,,l lem-rilmm'e 

in s (tper Its. wu feivrite'I ion a few nee'tzlee aint . their TKE Abo,.au m~ 

allays. The NMI efotr 6tafriruilini the'-m nlate"Ait~ iee 

feweeso seitaiuaek Goet a~elvfie-tion tee Min lecen-.fell Itee it rw 17-nem join tulteree N13. c'weeamninimg lemm aruw 

laWn* mueelrr ofl nuwta~leee'iii1 tit~tszteep l- fat"ee eel St'l~ife Nei. 21 foar 21)1. in. (foirwiee'eI fnem the 

wriw cis Ouptrce" 17, a... It). awel 2). 

fii 

itrifforsidrlflnic wrr prtmevel'I.'4One titlwbc~imtainnda 

t 

nura'wi lii.e..'uUewe l.eeLcukl Luaetcti uroln~evans-4'em.1I ai'isee ul o itt' ehPlnink &j 

altsiarcatitso(r so ptoliff wfeiassiv (Waso, hps q lmur. ItctVH ml.7 theN Iemie4 1 'qw .~ I thw IMeW, sadA " in 

reli and AcI.thiense lpl:elifl iel eaeeh leee'clxe aren rein. jel~aee ley *e v a le ercM'e'le flet E'eeest aining a lxwltiunt u( the 

e'c'l, soI 6w rmsnfeemeol in (lialre'te 22, Z3. 24. modl 25. e+:enila'r. fetes 4l'.ignl ill ethortalIl' the onsrme ii that 

7hw oalipllerotisue eel tleese cenme t'nte',iaelo tee e'nniee. cnipleeee'el in the' inocrtieon uf inve'.nebnwnl-amt livimu 

hoewever, hap ouat ic-t lierennvitelizee. Iterlium-ec'e ~laetr- b jertinire'irm, Inin lezrorr~o. shown in l"izmtre' 14 echap. 

wrr eAw, the pmdekn! ii. eeenc'cielermlek niee'e. difjIcllt. 

lime fieet Nlleeestte linegepeh' e nhnmeusiiini e'ie''te'iljlzet Ill 

te'r 22. excepqt thatm in lmepeuel jun to itec cliber, the 

uell thiiekeee'eee. eel Ilse 37-inrn fin"e ie kew. 

a eunnuis tedmemeinmjenistreiiem wilt) Prf-4`1Kr-.Ave'I eneWtilro 

it tiriti. lwaI in Awet-thm 31.7. 11se prt'lineinaery 

r'ffeatas d iat hav m-cle'' ncnele tee flppi 'y evl ifhe' nite 

T1te' . n'~eei ae wamc pecevidol with two inter. 

rhannge'otlle-. nplat:04v'eth eete'eI lineree, *ineilihr in cicwign 

1 

molviirnle'neem a fine"', jeer e"nwne iee lerr 6eiliMee in 

tee tIe lit hz- ep:weIl l i ne'e (eer lthe tl-rnuit Oicn dewribe'hd 

iee A4et~iee 21;.;1. 'T1vvee twoe -etec litertoe hacl Il'ln 16%mt 

he nh'xt t wo oml cemee of I bllce e'hapc'r. a liieu eec ee I h 'ppiedee t tu fitlee 

1 cc.r ce i irf;toc by. thes 

pro'eom ee !Pn.we'~eive cotater initoieoeee'~ efr',eeibed ict 

KLI Steffite LUnrim for Cannon Sectieon It9. -1. TI1ese' two fineerec urn' ptrp~rmmI in thot 

IlrvrAc'I INeeeev 2nd lieeieip 4e Ste'litr ieeN. 2) leiu' 

AU 1110' 'AUteV,' V'ce'ep 

efe'ttlec'fv Iie;ce-i 

111;1 eeoc or them iva- he-Atn-tated 

prmv'.c to i'rc'nem tlhe. trrngth off 

lucia areplW tl %ee'e'ivneitallv tee37-eceen wllem te1cee 1tee I Ihe W.etf'e' 

r'ihatumave troetce hatve. neat lit"e e'eeninkIte'i. Masns for 

*(le.'t l)ruc". 1. \DIWC'. t'nI,.I m -lle.c C-eyi.ra. Finima Tri,&m 

t.I~ee Ce'.uee.'gw' lee60eeee.e .4 'Ilseec~.e~tAetc. 

'1w heree lite',-. e'erm iine'l aet tile ()nlnnree Ite. 

.T.'eieseu A.)... lh6- 1, \Ilmtr'. mntt- e'rve C wg r, .\-rfucrlen l'rceuie4 (~roenej."'! The in 

.teeetees f~l. 4 !~e~am 

t r'netee Iiecee uceec' eveehe trcc Iott reeeeeee e %lie th s seegl 

* cl.ecet.e'. DI, Wt(. We ,...' t ec c : ('.e-eee ...... 11e1-' t~mde. .tfter 12 eciueecl r.,r tli' e'.eteheli,.llent ofl 

I.,ee~e. ~cw'.m ve-ce .11-111eeW .eec.eey.1e tIM-111ect 

lcceeke.. Cmneuf ('.-ceeecee, Vt'eefe 'e'ceee. M. IAe ec ee e,1:MIt' Il' ee-e.etite ha I uctl filreel, ltme lielesc" e'rcr fi rte 

.4t z"...ems 32 sal e'~~vqs te'n"'-cre'(:er eie1 12,111M) jti repi~er) roe 

CONFIDEINTIAL 615

7 ,nitnd,. fti.htn.dli by. It~ifu opf X14 rpiI.iq-i' rspionslo Fl-tI-R 11 44 O..kUl,,A 

WI 1)il444144 a tiulltttl'. ;It :411 uIvi'fu21 lilitzil.' vt'.wlq~t 

.4 2.5-6.1 lps. (4.r tilt- itivestim.nst.eas linter. undl 2.510) 

(p.. fivr Otl toln .Atiwv te Ithe l,,r., II rttnat was 

im14 lm t.is *rfr 

a'e i ,.urf~in lWt *,wt 411 nm.m 061M 14.,iti I 

nnlni, ii lndl'la i.aI' 

it-lite' jigge 

te 

adiset 

MOWnt at 114lull? 41' thr lat 4antlinr. whrl *a* .~ 

an-mtrffi All andp. na him m-tiin if rniflin'. vS"ivw'. trivo ow14 

nihi'enrint hnp-A* itt diiaare irme'rn~nsii'4*ti.'.(i fiirrV's d VI.&.tisi ft null ,Wll- irv K4 at tof4 il viieve~itgipo.i 

firiulK sfINS4i n-4 liniui rivinll. IWl.~Is it4441 ptKI4:41 pn ll4at eve %%ll sigi-lut"*i 1 14 ,'tinviet in 4,'af stiha 4',It~i,4 

it,~~uqtt~ 4 hi Im''eI ..n1 (ofw -e'itle %ti. 4seio i.nnn genl44'rel it a'di 

ex Imno'ilins'0'.tilllister.~ mathe4 eativlg.' 11 inuti ,'lrwgiat..irmwlle il& 1-1- 1.lt 

As.a mteI',l. litl At 44%.1'w nn..mji Iw0il- I,,miur tan 

in iner lenii.. si al itttg. htt. I 'appra,* -ito irtei i-r tnitel11 1.44 iih:4 'ftt~n~ 

o-~I al i 

,st:,eria lagh 

r14 lisl'n 

qvf lil ine.' li-i.un4g"4 ii'li..'list- earrltr2lu 1uiaml. tl.:,.ll 

Iwnil tlire ;nsvil g~a.. 1I4. eai'.l nliltt d4frsi41s- 1 iing4 

1114' flt~tlitlitK I 

li i.n 71en i~r n4- . ii wasn.' t~swi-v Aifirr'19 .il rthu,' 112 

liii- l.i.44 s Il 411 :4..1i I i'tt i si' ittist A imat 4411 iaIi of higer 

drs4li 4. I pillf mt' 1 :1,,l vl l.,,sir i flir, tiill etI Pim 4e~ll i 

. I mte eisilt.ifni gial e m'ts. : th~il- Il i l llvti" .lI- vli vi4 till- 

Islip plarv. the ih~"fHf lim- u~r was. Ownt lintel mu-1 21.6.. Ailt i4.i~gli s~t*144 me .- was :ti# rb'veti. fututre 

43 ritt..... %...ilis.i'lhigt.i' I 1'NII. mlf2 nvn L, iNsvet14' 44 i'4n 444t44 %jtl the. P'armiws ' y.Imaiw..' 

einuiigtetdi~ 201%li riI44'I44 iii ovillier tit thlals .. r 4414'14.s- Ii'val ilig prtnr's~ might maI:ke tIli.4 I061.4't 

ISOM (4114swed4 liv 14) rtomitl. nat 144 144tivimm ra~lp 4iI n.. nlit ill As ttni II' I(i~~-m 141ile I)IiiivaM1Ilty .41 

rn~m~msumtt U 15tIbe'.44sum4nI* bio, tntitli',tatI it e-aitwIi~t. l11'ilt- 't~t~im wtni wl 

inarlictl AhItisi".' ill Ili..' :gtv'r~lit. of Ow114 1..ri 44111 avei 'W.Wh Tisiili'.fl. nw viwieltt'l" w.titsvl its it k~ h.pit'l in 

at till' wil~in 4iC rtifing. jimi.agt it.i di al ti hi-t .4i I114 pint4lilt 4ix .- . 0 ii 114#wrte 4'm",i-m-m-rtlt~unt ntittei'nimb. 

1114144 I Iwi ,'lirimium1t1-14a4,4 Alloys, dwile,eil~jd ll ( 11nanpter 

moiilare hall take'n plavet. Ant adsdit 1. sn:l 25 n..im6L (at 1.14411i4Vlr-iIp.tn 4 cr'~r'nt 

a full't, Aal4; 114 A miml I wen~,4 t fim later.17 ar IL r 411411t4111. Asr .uim :4s. :an enit-g~ lxr-,istirf1o 

Ther tItinl lismer-a sltintj.idised '.l itte'r that Itasmai n.tiaeid ~etli.A ulAs ntli Wsltbi 

In"lxitiem-Ateln'nii :tf14'?til 1114' 14441444 li "r4i',i44-'waI lit li-tv i hat, Ims'tt pn'prelm l. it wll Ise a, 'Ilailht. 

Itivi lu'nti-ilinlh .n'd'-hms" g.,ni.'r:1: t~i ('wwn.AI it.w t., makei it n14144 At liner ftr trial with 8,. 

haveItem lhsn- tlivic *N'4 1 

(.4.'114 4114' Innle i. it't. 'r lidn' '411t144' I flat Ih 'Ik e'l4i1 tf lthe liner1 it'&'I1' nw. tld he 

wag' iifi'1tItll int avhI'iieiK lic tilt, Jv 'ti pn-44ri' twith Alf144(thsexim-r.ve *'4a4 att'~ti) lve hetl i IN .'Cl'iming lltn' a4jli 

2114 nossti.I.r. Ia~:i~l. f aiet 114'. examitimi~in f414tI 4 fle .'ur IlimtiliAI'4'lttl listeir fuwr a pin141n44~11' lt. 

2miali Ous11I4114 lackis( w't in 'NI44intimInat of lthe Iila'r 

11W,'.' tirinlg tIvt,' .1cltsi'41i44t 114ii thiat 44t1llitl' with- lflimeii te o -n u 

Kit"nim All'4 ittinimiti veloitim Iti"' '4 Illat it 14 mlln,' nis r 

firing ltS-I if 4*iill I' .51) molthlemonil'Iltllnerya 

alteitsIl I'ls'. p-misur isi 1,fiml :it a 4ilihtY hvIigher'. .I.'-rjleml il "4.t44-v44l Kit 8.It14111 i thlant n-i .n'il Itethti' 

Vviluill~. '11w-v itIsi, s'~ilo ii I 111:41 lite' -tvellitt i' 14 141 4 1g.ue-, hall I 4444 441:414 illit ' o'w1 ~I t he l'IrItJCti'44 p 

Mrt'nkeil Iwy till- 441 n'4, .4( tiringK it, t lii grill. *'AI)ph 4 .'n unti v~I mut -.. tvl'Ott it w('111livl. -466l .4 forlit,09 44 

i-at ilimi 4,'eh 4,4 144iv,', 414 it4'e I! .v -l :t 1 itn(%O'4 i44 a4 Atilt liner'. '11tv w\1~ ~t ep %a,;t It) Is 'v it im l~lvIlemimn 

seem-n4 j'ref-f4'r: too tilt 1114' 444'.4:it itivi,'l t,44ltt 4:11 ling. littrii, ll1: a mil~tt--.lte :, preuf'nlv4It-raNY '4 

till' li14er. %%lohist 4. % t4 mIir k ;it thell'r-var n.. Ita,- 1j4,.4 I'miva r. #i .4 Olrth~imln Ilihe N av-y' iw% 1441:-il. M1-4 at. Kill% 

I()f1' _I jI-.t 

%%r 

Ima- michtk-ttr pmidertitolivimim SOI~e Risr'111 I-,% il U 

Now... 21 in As3-ti~ li I'u'' lg.vwt %alttfrtgwtmn 

CONFIENTIA

PNV'4%T ATMT A #W T)IM lIW% VAWVVgW 617 I 

ipwo at I alaxll.ienuoe I ni.. gm-s.4i.te fi l1.Ilh) Iasi. ltiI-anneh. i.' aw rel--. i. . 

1 

ruIn ist itt~iisoiel too I1e 6nil :1I1 :aratt- so( oMI reuilp a Afvi 14~-nuiontioa . 4 laam~u e Vot m ut, the '1*five 

ftiflUtr fewr no haig a-.a qllslil. Tht- lIaII-ilg x e le(t av bteuin--1-rtva tithw s.r.easmt,- vuw- 'k-iI- 

Iu~~~~~~tMPAk tFww.it...4,. C. ,jl-tar-l 

331simo 

ilwi-. 

te 

44(., 

f~il mo ' 

ll4it 

R00440. masim m ulru. 1..ll.1t"nom fal-iiw' 

ted. .4rioloihflat-rills u,st~ ma-militm.Iw-ytn ai- 

U )laif: l),a..x 19~.1.4. it i.. jolanursl tit wmm&I pr4'im41fllar ' let, with a 

.Asrtimiouw~slpivi.~rrumailsft..tintulwlit- f:miliiow,$if 11I-mim. fti .ii-r ti4 the- 1'4...emarmara t4i~ici .I-4-.,rlo-il in 

the we.wluiidiewm.1- Ia.3111 I)i%-i4e.m tit lmtaki- lo"Il the lm-o, "too potraiat d Thor lir,4 uiw-tier stilt Id- jutio- 

06s hl~ a sit .4larp-ar jit.-..-i 4of nim~imli~nhima. im an art 4"v' lout itis lumquiltat ~evi-ntiailuls.~ filmaiw-tnkolssili-il 

ill ",oii IM31 *n- -,.1 111111 rot emat .- p'fiM-M A U ig n-PON iN a 0.asi-M-6,.(f 0w-Ainkll4intilvW 

-1w. lw-qi ii ll* 1.illie-. .4 li~sit-am I lot .leigimmI hae. I.:%@.nti 114law , y , altar ' 4 piai-4U lits iti. laixt, te-ugth4w 

I194 (14.1 4Cur afL~:ter %*-J Dly '.*at vimie-la " stmneil..-, .4frgit.a. lI.W tim -r 1101. 114i.. -11Ktiht 11.' 

D4I~ivi-..,. I v, lst mei...- oar 

4 w-mei.I.t~i nl v:,ri-omi. ist-n.", 

o.f itimmn liltvar d ew ., 1met l.- e~. .4% INU.l-114111aloofi 4t1itfl~-. 

lt l- 

1 

oAvenoit 

tirslozime-- ailos. ill tl- .1-ie. wi-et.gn. 

Ovmro"Kb ttgi' iiil..il.l-miiete lIiiir imi...-t,.ee 

in9 Ims ak.- ..m tellifin e h~iorliit-. 'flu- imetlvla- 

.t. Mlae- for A-/. (;leis 

414nteen. nAlidi :,,i~~Iit Ism. t(ilerirlI,-.l ill .-.-NraI .easi= As, a orilillai,:itmo .4 lsi,4.,n 1*. WWn'ir-sirl" .4 

wiealiol Its .lin ilk ile.. fix- mm.-aMI Vill tilivwanivi 11w-i takenw. mhl.-.. m.ititnale- Im'wp*- 'tas- the-i4viinwt 

be-tel in 116" 1- in. t AI.1tm-u -'i,4 or-lia,,llrl-r Posger. ot.4 it gnIiolsofoualowa i 

in4orti-ne 'rl~so j.Ili. !, *It Wiml 

A siqmupi.r wy 4m~ Iwwl~mllit as eulIlisaa. line-r wecivoii euw list.- lw,.4 fvsi.-miua ie4-rnit~inm vi-,rtwwil t.kvi-l~x-d 

fit- tip shrnek flow smart*. wimilo a oavoi'. i-air,-, andtihi.. en 1 - lhs ii, 64m. It sarmalmoo-4 that tilupr..jnt-t Willow 

inawart this. c~ai-.rni..ie, hitt-i insl.. also ri-v,.t-eul guin t11i11% n"114u inea walle wheqw-. ve~moritr We.. thw higtr4It Ppac-ti. 

in the ousne,. way i- riiw-'.ttu..4t.- ..,-Ilite' I:x-w- nau in. r::Ile. lIt II..- imiIhmoluirti sit fiwt.' ,.w mrdliii arno-mot o 

"-filln ile a .17-mnm Isisha 04c-.-iin X1.1.21. e' al-widPaf rknin thrstlw~itliartilpar, 

Both 11W fisarvitu,,g 461ih-,g,. -tmith invitivr nm-.-.--..iK smim .4 od r gain tailor vv-itid Its e-iminamatiel. -171b Was' 

the Riau liii..- insist i. tillIsm-rh i-st, sthit-h we~milol nuitk. wimthil diva Its- oja. maiar the wixk1gn nmatertialse at a 

it nsci-,-cirvan al-stit itav also- ebw'iaid-in.-,. A way d4 :nide-. higime-r ilny-. anti to low sommairrt.--:. .4o highi-r " oigth 

ing th,.e is. Its itake- the- wun itili. in twose lopolgidtliele~lal :.m..Itrueinr e-..elict u 16m 6i It-irmioilte.i ' in existiung 

wonamntpi lw-tel t~as-tlrr 1ev a len-kingK rineg. Tirn-ar ee w. 1w- gun n a to I.lts- tlt-r-igue-. tit lisp Im-4h 

arspu-nl. whitij re-Itaulteo 11Wi rhatilwv. I. ri-..,-.' it'hei-l lm- nl marimm-vi-i-.ivni lit tMjci-til-em. AUo that 

lrhFwaifrfi n-m it.. Insit vl lotji~ n-.,-viv file hiewr. 111e 2 thl-6i-4-10 .- loett-~ltaalirt i~ue~.llll fr niamil 

frnait m-a-gne.-.t is. teenw-.l e liew its fitism flue- feilrointil l1ate-. 

pulel s( thisi n-mvi-. mand niake- a 4-otl with tlw- Inwiti .1,41 A,,m i.- mv .i-. idnw-r-'-eul tc- loan eqxpr-i4 

u(f the. 1mwo-r. lMiii *k-,,iotn :o. a orlslill--atimec oi thmise- tm-nttai. iso-iliueem~il.-ro-l bhstaruvelm-ty- wiln n-hie-t 

itamed I a t-w (th-Cinh. i. ~ie-maI ilso.meleer- V$-n-tiau 11.2.2) t-.,,lti Its- ic--tI "' ao 1e-.ing win four three-i- tp- pesitfe. .4 

uah li lye.' Frm-.1i,;iie I Iiot itile ~'-ti i 11.2.1) inl irrinw-ntim-cs-161 -if .4aw sim ri.i-iiu-n-,4,g :nt lwuqar-t--ucj. 

raililec-r .50pot glnc oew tvc-ling ma:teria:l,. Goer enw-rme~ fac- i.atvinAe; I rial is a hij--Ii olgn steti-t and 

"oVq.4anti-. .Ano 4tle :14valzii am.4 of this. 16-gt, is t hat irilitit fir. P.,%t.tIkTt at IsiAi tlt-u.ifi i.-, .4 t 1nlitothg. po*.~ 

Ili lli.. ei a Mt-at iv4-l ' V-e Aliw un1it Is-t---ti.m~ it is -in, 1 eltr W-it 'v l434i-a lo,~ti alsoi fla-Velcntivint-t .4 a hiVigA-r 4"t-nitvr 

tcie t-inunitim-phi.- II..- l-e-r- lieorm iirfave- doe-:al it4 41W- ie..wt.-ar min. 

imijit-i.ol-ilm liner. '11. .-c-m,igi .4 ii 111LMye will. haintin .1 ant-tale i- 

4 S:, '- ... w--.n( It *--.n Im.. I. " j._ 11 ," I..svils ~4.21X r:ntI a maxdmesmm le....tk-rr jim.-'eitir-l .4 

ad4,.. U, *-...e al.1 .nI Nil s --c -'iiwtit r. o'- 11w ve-im ar- civn in TIlt:- 12 .4 (lIt)ptm- 31 The 

MtmI~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~jho. 

il- 

t--.4 .e.ni*...Iir. tim--m a mtit hv lt-,.rvm-, %61 :j-. cnimm-p. lc'tio, 

COJNVI 1) NTI ItL

613 P3% UPFINV~UM)TV 4t: 1 

"N~S 

31.8). .Al.iti,.nai nle toroeot~ilrwtori' vais , und. rircwmnfrd for the benu.Iit of future Wcncr-S 

Samn, wrip to be prt'ptnm mwis thotaa.rciuwatat awkimiti 

materiassi wernme- av~sit.1thj4 their perfarnouwe as in brmuof-gatigc' s-ititnrY ILnuisig, ditring timet; o( 

brmeeh linerts roold 1w- evalioutrcl. When jDivi,.ioc 1%. peace, tile I.vaheiation of weaupiana in' an ecolonomie 

ittvestigotionis wmer terifinated.I teals. forginito fair tile 

A-Z opinweia'vewn. prrpnml. Tua a of them~ wvrretcin. 

piled uto thestzaahwigaacr lclaiua prine. 

prikkim. it its etmermrnc'i Ixth prith file Peuoffoniest 

4c praarimiti~im in% ~ime 'pace, awlwaith therecmomicts 

id tarodiacrtion and mew in time u( Lwa. In imw ie6 

mood lim lire caed o~vc o the tiy I1tuhwmm* lklows- pm... the opopmmay im a doilazi reaffimm; is otu ad 

went 1wr exptrimnvotall to*-. wear it its custatrulled by the lispi od critical labor and 

critirolmterialar. Ilsae laboor inclaulevnll the labor front 

the harves~t ingi of raw niaterialm, through m-imaifaictur, 

S. lVALUATlON OF - LITARY oft nontc~nip, mantifattiem (of trana'port equ~ipaaloet, 

IMI'OITANCY O (IV 1%Y Et-OClTV 

GUNS FIRtING $V. t-....1IIR 

iuatrapur.lbru issioand hlAbir of maaiaite. 

stnc aitt reltir. Mottlo ran bxe aecumplishied in the 

PROJECTRtYS £attemaptftt t alctisn rciutipnwat for tile isnpreuictabl 

Genra Olae'aiorus4urnorrIany %Itself ruin Ise arronimplicclae toward re- 

Ceneal lopi~vaionxflewinK tle PtraeaI43ilit v o(fix the emernY by advance 

MIUt.TAKV FAUOI11 

Mnyargiameata feavur the utime sof I~ctwrvenlority 

planning o(fil te conomnicatl cownduct of war st0 ad to 

nsake availdable itianpowcr and neeterialm motift elftetive 

fosr thie poirlittw. 

guas, buit verbial argiomnattatiun le:.da to no ronrih.. 11w- mstw etTertive weapon is the mne which Upsiase'grdigthreltivnwria~ar'alitrvwapoe.. 

vecvep; the miniomum cosit for a given damnae to the 

hiacartl~aeeu..eftheanvpemt.of~iwfracn eemy. Ilhe relative evaliaction of coppt and damage 

which tile protatent of vatviatiam ran lv' apetmpnsaabcl. is invcish-c in (pie'stioeeaa of naiitarY cronomnics; and 

There aprc-ar to ben twos c'ltn'n iiiirc)"Ktubl- lovVtnen Atr~itcliv. In Arliearil, thec probluecm is Ireyond the sctqwp 

which Ila nt anny altc'rsttivc. lie. of this repoti. However, ahc the ahetirtivetvnemq of 

In tile mciliteary emaerge'ncy %when. faire maenafla in- a JiivCe iveafsimf ran Ise icacreascul maliar (old without 

ratleacba4e 1two. fli he cus ilattark twih lfenpie, himcacave nuctlditil Val viet, tharm is nop qiesttion regardlingi its 

lipigansl, ijA it, resotsiuteritiewa. '11we such' yiestion~s at( ccaemomicra. meilildary or otiaernai.e. It isfnnaa this atmsnd. 

?,"''i'ia- '. fv- , +-. 4 :. . -1 -;.11,:T-. r":" * , .. ap d tl.. .uao 4j;u. gms ti 

to do ca'.ia. It ips 14m) lhate faior ja4mlinacicag cead i c mattic pv c,1 i.ab ecl chcsigaa. fic-ing stbacbeliar p"Pjmcatilcs at 

Mstlyai to 4aiplt rihmictetctla'sda ip ca c' theoih arpic- hvjecrvalauhit . Sc cia paritJ44eties im-ud Icac bth mabog.a 

mellt whlich avails :iI1Ythtlta camlien i. ISt(Ic pIsact-iaarteme 

where sllulwssi's aol 

prcoji-it tie' (( luipter 29.) anad skirted projectile, 

t 

id vrru W Ian- mverthlrI di.- (Chtapate~r 30). 

CONFIDENTIAL

licW c-cihgatiaclp 4lthe 11cittal Iii cczal milifira 41410n- Kit" inucrnacma tile ciffirat~irficr if thce join in lowneer 

ormi tal Ilip., ito~ajl~al~~ ~ a niacllel th-pteainga flWnr df uvIr~t ira%'%. A-limiwtg tin the atcC. Ticia 

(lie I%-@ ran'fiaa muli tc%1cecaal ilhqaly. It I ipstea Is, II xiatl scn tar li Oaamsccarisnal as tk~ 

thati lthe aaccaaple .1 aitsirlanl fta the jmirilcaca1 tattlisard I. nrnii~~ialnwwcfr~cvltattinu 

hew away pust litea saw 4w' flip. Taakuhit NJ MWee aw amuwaug ta'w*. it bmvw thpexa tal Oims, ea m 

chiasmate "attauh-e eli well aaan in vrswnL. aactinaaiig tafW.ujtheaal voots prcinalmllacyd 

rWW. %%,a Coxa or 4cv.uwuuec PutaftAiiurA I intsldfrsu4 taaiiigfa rI, it 

Ilaai yallaikaa~. aeMIaacca havne Is u saa ln isral [asesttar. 

in tIea lumvitew df ,Aaale nitlbaulo 6w arnnal'tiacl 

rablcatt~am. mmoart ktu aNwst tonie~cmm tir toc Fminitad c 

IatiwE.IE, eryir in hual aside. ii, imlr~~ivelsk eat 44hei 

"dn anti oart. the. alva~sISt aErintury cit eat~imasting 

lainR 6i laver th, muwalat the. fra.t the jNWAcie Yl,7 

vcwmc M ia-e it111er ii lcl jtidigfilx ecr tta41fan. l hitting 6l inierpwr#EI 

The 'wi eit milt-Alilav~ gmcjaclia..a in a~stcmaitanirsitmm 3. to aliarta-eutrauianfi~ l r-~a noainvit a launeivtwcfatta 

lacca oaatfcfrs'l tlaia late. It Nuhaj lag ain's, know" iaag tanlrl. tIv_ iwaiallllfty u8r hitting9 int 111 4ft more 

thAt nintgzia v(iloitlece earoklhl Inie i I wceaal tat 5time Eli mralitfl than tie ti efsj. r ! iWt fE the mopon into 

Wialvasalaar praajaetiltv I" Bilt it Ii1.1 ulml lucast kniawn whichi the tcrgal can rn*.cswca' in thee litte ofi flight 

that rvihirinK tile rahtiur u( priaerajtilew rnhiaaee the ice elimni~sciahea in vsalcsma. 71aw I'huhsluihty oft hitting 

vaffttiaa. rdian.. d ImasA tilikte Wiexptaaaive. proka'c. 

tile anal the n'Lctt'e arnacu, r wtixtcctajslio the ikarnatric 

prcatly iaane'anvoV IW attaining an inerinm. ia 

twlowiaty. 

Iassrrving pimajeilk. It hcaas aiams fire" ksaimqn that a 

mthicrt jam in evililasi' inirrraw the refzntztiusc id file 

4, Moi- hibekneaa' aof arms, that ean lie pentwrated 

st a ldven rascp inrraes'aw with %velity usp to at ctidjirujeetile 

sanl Itle.,afcaa jita lasas 4d vehlawity over a cal rrharity"" at il-lrhtile prns~rfilv liarckii uap; and 

Oiwes Maw. 1Wtoe,~ at Whicih a Ickvs thkelurme can he pene. 

Them.r arflpenwtce ha,', Ilen' asiamiu e~am!" tiaaussaa tatild memalaw - wieth t W Y_ 

iit the oilalaeailirr pruier-til' itithiamat any lcapto seatit a 111m .4iuhm Mw1 acscnnuitkiue is uied to ineweans, 

(tluantitactive aietrsainathim act the 1iccnt dl aliaaniaaph. Mi-naity, tians's.1ie tart garin in c'ffivtia'tices in aPote ofi 

init rt'turna. the pcaent at whiel- the cestra til' te ther miajarn n 4 *#%re s'eff ivilmcrn cli the amailer pro-. 

paini. The fart thtat there ice a aanaalralp ak.ml mni~am jeylik.. The oaeraf Teri~v=-acrws *an ft-t ronsileved 

within %-hit+c the net gpin*a nam aitilan. ttial in alite of tce la 1washict iad the probnability cif a uiwam inx hit 

arpasent aHPlvneeta-ntapcgs Iuax la-rn roniapiefeiv Icetxvsl dialtItcemsnuanwcim d'14liTe'rtiet ai thehbit. .Asthe nive 

one?. T1hat fcntinalcn'atal cpnwoE Iaicaacl INAhas, baaetres of thle mioaaalieaisr pnccc'aiite. 'io %'cr".i ileawnwasd this 

the (amt tl.zat tile nethod eli tanidlinic the livtl~ira penuibrt. bAw earh lauatitat. ine. 3mv toe mine rlnno 

eaculnactatiosc I tnnnecry in ea-caiaiiiitia ganiwa heas Is"c oli enlitnie mthlirtio, . r'hema a tamaa itimcc, am!i then 

e'ctiniel,acae-W manl the rnjs.1atatkumi tuin uliizctiasaaa fur' qianiaci,.taca. lice only Atucatiaim in vwhich thas 's not 

the eictenyciv~e aticlie" ican'ecnac*r. traw. air, thavac in whichf tce I ntaalcalcitYt o( hit ticagia 

Ilice tinethim h saul. linvolc in dimi report air noit euet. mait offc'atcnl by veharity (fair incetca-cc iac airector-tonli~oilx'er, 

their tipplmit'atim toa prulalentc witha knou-n ltciilgq aroet spinoat 2 liaadl tarp' or igapintia a targpt 

.olutioms~ aahows n-sialtc within inn mom-airatry of a few mcatwnin un a ath-initely liceal Anal ptaiecitaile retiree); 

per edit. Faccihenaaos etl acrearacea 6c eamplc'talr air Ihaimac in % hich the plowier nal theontidaaclas projcefile 

aliaurradc 1)s tit, macnyrAfackingiaaa iactiafatnfo a, that ice jcatW wiuuhtjdct to cr4k-Art the tarwfl anal any mlcdic 

themt inc noj (It"t tiucl na tao 21. vidcidhsv oli rwuhua4#Aac 

sexpt, pic ihi,,cncier rxlrv~we c'ccaitiivicaa whlichli e 

liom edli s'ratit-.-lcm'aw-ma 

In atta-rck, acciin~A 

the 16k'ntictive egre'at. 

carnir. the, efcf1ntivrilefae u a 

untaiiaal ad the pre'icit-i reieliac id iwaalica nt icmaclaer:nn. lynajes'1iPC 'lath licuc insctiffivnt a'awrry t it lienet, ate, 

Thc Pancta ncatlitcnemlecailif miachaiaies~t~lY Isn :agcplicl toe 6e ala .cta hiarn'na,.c'l by tics' c o(aecic '0iitacitte'r pnojec. 

Inann*y other pracbcaaaca cacccciA'wa 'with lice a'aalaaaiain tile'. prautnitlanl 11.1t 0I) ilk-ic aatrait r ca'Icicn~l fai r yaca. 

aap tc''alle e vaco -V141'"cc 3.12. O.~canl (2) thu, rnncae 

lauofl:(~tL~itipeo si thalle plutit-lizal wEcin. In :actiacirc-at cacsc, 

Iltaiaiaing file vc'!ccits i'li 0 tc. jM+raiject alate-h frianc a tl'cra. I be lciglc-i~attc.4w-c pccaj+a'ail taco im- :i citte NcnKe 

CUM IDENTIAL

.444 fff~k-roht .40 I (r"Lpniteaat ital. I1 lie Iinis loy the uo. Imijertil.. wa imgawi-. Ilse coi in gaua..tfr~ati... ioi. ll. 

Idits1-2i~lirI~ftpif.filei :an-tilia,,. qvery f Iikiaaig liii? inat1ueitiml, linsloailply inl a tairoway. Ihyth liow 348W t 

is laap.r mclr .4 ta" ,1irrutna dt awl willootalanilrc. hawiriv id frirlacati .4f trnsi4e varlivielpost ..tt-O. Fair. 

rnalpet vel~witicr. as.-laidl no 6AMl fili.. It 'ha...n~o gaulp. florinsaun., Itanp,.t.1 auaala ofr voiailMle miliralt .untent 

;xw that any vvbw4ty Ioflu- ti. 1 aniari.-enlil v pm. oauitsw own ;to i.uni a.in.. Am is "?ww witr Ser.-NVEL 

rWtilr *lnatula.,al ieith za 1". ctimirall Irana tlegn its oto 

NOg that 1heeffc-aivtnicmu .4 4lw gaon in antiaiavruft 

All Opi-se kulowx comra i Intlu pvthor -%uba~ vtvv otub. 

"alnnlistl $muin its arnote 1*4awrmlisms thraizllpilah. time it 

wtlineay rou I w atctrnalI imlmqvrincl loyliteaaw.4 to unagul..n 4-ruarlrl awi Inta,. altta'aapt. top qhletCtp 

a 101W414-1,ivtw..jeolth. p "jeilim u.( itwetr~qql ansispr prts-rationa hootolali in- 

Thuin.r anthaym anwflunts for iaarsr,.aingo tho.*aaz. 

rolsrbioty fror a mrie. 0"a itaml VVWIUrt charp. 

ara r"wwa2aat ratsv aul uivispero"te lii'ait-hushof~ 

auvisiuag Ia,aaghea rar t aaole. 144" Aitosrtos .Aualil. ini pai, 

I. I*". 411 rl~ip:1tr..Irl. p~~~htdeaiw r..i-wile. liw ,ha'r'ttqla ath Lr.Li~Iaa of taaaifr'14*aa Pad~iue 

2. Ipa' 411 a ilswit toa~tl~rla~.e ii .i-.rinliiai hiu- it row lmischa..jotive~. artuor~pau'aa*nic piwi.ertile. 

ocalad in a %astlaonluwn- oans, uh-P (tlviett 211.a1 WPpsiasit w l am a Pualwanilow proje~tfila. il a layiwnve.- 

3. I'me o.4 a ..al..alilu.*r. ..kirt.'.I imjtta...iiu iaa a loovity oma. ,.aarl a lsoov..rtilor Amlel havo-e ut'.at effft. 

.stnnelsa'.-I.h.mn vin lilt 41 rit a azaix-ra.l miaaaizz. t ivenfeot.a 

aghl*ap..r. srins aS -wiplp~itv inlitml-ow~ gpin. (-4i~N. 

C laa;re IlkI 

Mlki trvas.. -if -lita-.afljlr lon-iwielivhe.laver a Mal. 

I 

V I4xi~t% (Cais. &f'iniW the L'.. of 

r (w;.%$ 

viitial w..igldt its tat:, tl"as .rilTa'rh, I. i. -,hsrtfy iSuWs fqt 

a lpie. mnimzzle Oe , iOV a.Ivay fl gltu aaaag. 11W 

Pkirle"l pnavti~r lia.ý 1..a thl.iotite adivniawug tivev tilae 

00uilni-tria. prtujt -ii .4 fix- Kalov Wrilghal its tliat tlaa 

IAIId VFYIA-T 06 OW W 

14waal yt.Ar,. not, t~Aguc'ioi 

vsimlib, gau, wit a &vIrltari 

KINETIC VNEMUr 

firt-al :tit 8-mm, 123ofw 

al tit~iveik.1t nitroevotin 

ivWnitial ablmniw .4 thr wAirfrul jmqnwuil..i nelaalnsa Mhlur spoah mas-ith t 

Pmrj.Yih*Ao loiimi 

ar,..lolr few ,swzainaaag veiawitY apigana. air "ftw.- w-eigAlt fronts 1.114 film-- the rhowK wei~ght tit 'A's the 

lone. WhowctAaP the. momm-nilm of the MIAlu iii loops at claritr weifght. llzl'.4kiarjw. -Iaqulite 

the missile d slhe pian. Thi.. frt .sho,aw tip 4litiot atrikitaidy lite efftrel it4 Liswitr emrac ~ of the tpowder 

.sarikingly in w~a- .4 tle. lelmarn.uirina which fidlow. ipiaaiilinitia the v4'u.ity u.dak~pnajeiNli1. In partic- 

Fwwheamun.. tia tA. le .&rtea paojertile fit.. tia lmittle ator they~ ,sh:w that tiw litheity-ehuarge (fiiation 

filthily thr~~iitivstt it.. traiel, it leaven. tile little wkith carn hie "lsiountril with good sommrey by zissllming 

irmiraw anil it% ar...antry i.. niaieumsarbly Auiparit-a.. approxiinatr'iv unc-fomirth dtheehicarv~ wc-irlit addled 

toa tile Imijettile Wright and mating tile kiawctic ener- 

Trcvcmx Cu ot Cot gy of thi.. cilmlinutiosmo solicits ionul to the poawde, 

71w jet-it~lpau-ni of tlhe if*w 4 tainofrtn rarlidee 

energy. tGercc efatliut (41 in &vtion 3.2.2.1 

Figtan' 2 i.. : grapha 4i the lAugwvi'lcr v~ahaae of the 

Purvot in :prmiw~vtY*rlfK jmpi44wtile'. hlion Kpaiw hanil-im. veltrilyr plt tedl avaiaa.t atic of chaurit tip pruijectile 

hand with the .'A-reI..pn%.It tIX 014alMcaaiber pnpjc..tih. mallet.. ilnxe urve was drawns throtinal at atrlean 

andI "I*$ forn tiring Ithem'. '1116. ivi not lacautio 4A anuy frian eijtilltiuo MI. 

oinio.o;a ia ild=it~ t dclti~ag frim the vtondoinativin. fo 

tile aw-e .4 r-arild ci.L -A~I its m.aaaaila-lralilper prujee-V 

tileopr..e.-4- .;nijtaralv~aitagei.. 1Iu..everr Pin.. the+ 

va 

1 1 ,,, 

ptarpoa.. .4 IN-. deve.Ig..r..'lopment hax hx%-n#she 

Utalitajancllf 4-l~sitt a.,,.. ina p.neit rt ~~.lifi,.:lll hetli I, i- , wirll I *i. the- iul-tla~~tedveisewily. .116 i'. a projec. 

of the twa,,d-lun i-.art tdl rvle IanP lr.'.n i nataatal :a.* til * olm'd aa~.nti C is1am ito(.. lng. '1. ,.aaa~ isni 

rownpninitipeti. niuk. thait a fraciti,ts I sid t lie paratlecr za'.4 ilass. 

11-4p pains frmeit ah um.a.-... i taivipten at'rbide' toqmi, min,. ws ivii a til laruu,.t ii. Ve US a col., tll. a%;t low 

th-rivee jpartiirl4vi'ar fro ,aa ill(- haighdvtveaitv 44 ailt-t llilwn.-i,.tar it4 vndlit v. qa14W lto I irhen -If 'c 

maaaaaiAi. %% lhah iukvfl:1.. tilt-e anerj dlvv.iti v uar I lie 

ianpM-t an-a. .nia la givviia v,'lxit y ~a,, fre..,, a~la. highl 

(1 -1 4)t . 

tu-a, yaitu'.4 i wa.. ,Io-iil .~.,, aila t.p'i 

hardaw'.. a l.4.h L oema. tilt a dea w m,.fal-~:iots 14 t a ie u i l l-a1 464 ita Talble 1. In thi- table, al,.... valeadateal 

CON VIDFNTI AL

~ ,IR~e f~eegd~e~wu 2$. the .14". adt"I. X.;ivr we. tA ijemn 4.2.21. le 

- - -- gamii"tu nrun voti qg lthe k fil " wý . Z81111h34 uimr'rfe~ly. AIMee 

.ht *feleltl an. to mweitlor eof Ismes aste.euiIsitl with a lzare 

IV. reee to" ""t vaviet1 cet tmejeisr 464 m ""Iee wil uith'ruitaele I peeuuehkT 

IS As oil Wiikf h pU ken. froo Gie wish#P-Sr Isamm apewel. S. 

&Z OXA 0 loer Vwrn skill e.&rfeI pn~jj"f~~ K('hkfjjr .11P if in 

?:ab 1.0 1. 4 ite I. tueded that fees. low ralue. ee C 11 thmee loster 

ttrn 7m.O AM 4.2 Immia.. trimi tee lie. Iv4ee thue a2m lrrngwrerr mmir~e whie. 

X.11 i A 

44.1 IIJ.t1i, 0 Go higIurt . crsit" the-iv trunal to& lir. soeews it. hesemrewr 

- -~. .~ -- ~ - ... the highetA valo. uttaimul So oft the. noksor.. Ihe, 

T is# refevritin f-tortopimuuso wit 11 .lwisstn~ 0 

1. The- frio-ficasn mmthe tappmWitai guts jee lighS 

- 44"IrindC .11 - :1.2,,, io .sikiwei too 1.-127 ~ n 114 .. :111. right l.gur 1 a,,ejws e -u sIatte 

* . W 11e.he 1" -101t~e rae ilun. 2 :In. upee'e.e * ~'d Imi m, iduerge v we like, It-is mom"e~ :ijeetieur" swh 

~e1Wt~ II fe.ese eitej setetjvj~ :11a el~a ai. ei., 

* - -- - - - - - - - 

- o @SW Nis O N amJ3SS 

410 pave~s N" UNs. rn 

II n & 4 AML ITbUIII 0" Sf W-4 

We AP IAMh L ?Kivi-ow UK1 317-41 

CON FIDEN-TIAL

I.MPFM'VKLACMT H3F~ 

CtI'V* 

31. Thr Laing',riler ortirve. was take" %ijil 'rin'.tant weight Of 3 111VHciNT' pr~jectile can lierefAtcdlltotit 

rharp. cohil' lthe .r7 lt161mm data Were taken will Acirjlit ed( tile istanidArd prtijLctllG by cequation (3) 

V~nr ing Charge iattl ne'irlrv fi.eol p-+j'eti~. Inists 

4. ).* the irluueitiy 4d this posiugwtel. iiwwwna**, -tAs- fr. (1-.'1 *D+ ) 3 

faii'P frirlin.sc 34v~n . th' Iirini tip nieft thr penjwtiwkP. 0 -VAI+0+ ) 

.iirfa'e' niaii'nsal afto II.'Il~l- lubc-4 K I'Iefivt' 4f lbir. in which 1.L's thewg~~uu'nieprjeie 

inedlrin nioahrial netion., fix- frielieme.; all im iiatitewill Ii'. is tile veight o( the staindard projectile, # in the 

arr tinat the. i-.wtI4-tit oil fnrtirlie at lUtYU 11YA 6 Ii'..' rttio of subcalihser I' -NStandardl caliber, and v &W U 

thian I per rent. 

S. 11w. n-lativ-e heat Iowa., fri.n., 19.nueier icti lot wallic. 

ekew~~~~.q'wt th 4'i h ~~t.u.IlethenwuA~ cos. *w 

am design com14tants. Fur a skirted projectile v S 

apprwaeimuately 0. 16 wid 9 - 0. For sabot4ype pro. 

j~ipwiles a is ubt&Aiiik ally Lim sm mad f1I-3& 

rafiviewi of 11-V larper gin is fthercfimn' hiighe'r. By contluining eqetiations (2) satE C(7. the rboz. 

41. T1eW IAnW;Mb1t~j .- id( of letillt inclose' tit varia. veltmily V.. o( a suhenliber projectile is given by 

tion tof j1ts4fitk? temrlyrnuratan' :too te ari~atilln in prol- cequation (4).0 

alms cutintnhloatev, fu this sprot-ad. 

1be. iinjmna'lutivit in e'ftweitiene far ltigher lilhlrt'r 

*taill Othe gnater efl'i~eue'y lf thle larger pin enwa. th L.' 

oS 4(1-tammm etr- N s. the- l~aaogweiler eiarlv. Th 

I + 0.29471WO 

-p(1 0 + P + 0) + 0.25(C/fire) (' 

3 

11V 11.5 us df iu-.%ok-r. Tiu! aunritzl veliueity lie 2.SI)0 

(pil andi Ihcrd r1uro-rtijit'ii(' mna141 ratiu 6 0t.37. TItle 

.CTo f.%xO VLC ,% ii 

o OFuH 4't 06t 81StUCýILa,;A l'NoaXTc'ILS 

point livis fill tix' Langwe'iler mrune -.. eb clp kirted pro. A* itsolivate'il a:ihve, lte aunalytical treatnent of th. 

krtils- AP iw~d 3I LS coc o Vucidt'r. It 1i4 therefore nelative i' 'e'tiv'eneiau ul ililemot tVPM' n mawl ari of 

clear fithat he A.iried l pr ajetif?rA thel (nosa a tapered-. gutns bass alwavo foren coinlifiatced hr Owe tralftioio 

Welown gun elye~ fosiltw the ie'rfeornianti' indlicated bsy orntpenval htandlIintg uthe hnlltiatie *xp'ceof 0the prob. 

Luaiipu-1oins r~trv-. Time ve'hx-itr v 'rfiornfner of ilite 

pXf'j.%j irn ai c4' the gun firing a 1ao-nr. 

lens. In avieral it havo, notl heen pnwotiealAie toeffect a 

valid eirriqupaireu witoumt eunietnwting anid firing 

H1.ea ho e ftn~tAtteel fnr~t- eili'atiem (2) 

-I+02C/IIr,) 4 Rj 

V. I it t, +- e.- yw 

Lir/is 444c/Mw l 

(2) 

actual ffall','iiwd mnudela.. It 6a Stitie colivitsis that this 

fad h~ap hade ana atevetw effet" usa lte~ rust of develop. 

lag unlmitane tuid un tile intcm-A taken, in the fror. 

ideratiiiet off tix- u(tttidt1 new OwesCo4)Ot 

in which 1'. 66 ftx, vs'k.ity (fir lthe standard ilgn and 

C ins thel litaruaial e'isarge, fur thle s~tatitdard pneree'tile 

of Wright It'. 1. ;A li4te Ve'tswity that Wisti~l lie' tslf- 

Ffirtunrately, when t1W iel Ikit ofhypervelocity is 

entered, the' .ittation kaern~ reatly Animplified. In 

unnlsiplhliIetl lietudie' of lialli.tie tables it hoe' been 

taineel fruits th 4le',p1rciru -ie'le of wrig'ht I1'.. If found that t ip me nitis~ perfuormance uiC prifiectilies of 

tile cliarge is to lKe varie 1, adolitiiinald eata are neree'14 pueaI aerudlyanie. dr~'gn' can be treated with sulfficient 

saryn to intrtodlii'lithe effect isf friction andeialvisitig of accumoraelow tinall palnes~ie4actual firee conftrol in 

the poiwder pit.. 1Equtatio~n (2) prtivitiea. a ,iiriple ex. s~ervie,' by ven' voinple functions, for a eunaiderabi. 

Pre-aiun (tAr nia in eheni itag i4st ac'ltear projjectile 

veltocities fur thle turpeaue of approximrate anaelyslevs.. 

range uf ve'hsxitk'm above that udtomand. For guns icith 

high, Vt'Itoit'ii'?4 thQ AccraCU its good the tshout the 

ran1" 4 taret Adistancetsfur'hc als r e al 

I:Yvy~cL cv (of:% CALIBnER 0-4MU ZZLE. Vl,-LOcrn' cali Puled4N. 

Over a t'44111ife11'rlil range of veltwitirs above that 

~~1 il.'maeig141414'l'~ no 

Of iiJt'*'t14'4lt'led;gils 141;1t fif m.1441141, with V('.sl awesotlvnalie projectile: de~eiga, 

- -~ ~ .4 Ott- tirele'e't deL wll V1r.V tile' no-t :ant' (can't' varit- rlij,''ly witith the three. 

with. t iri-i1144' ida-11 ealiiic'r. I m~a i'flves hel',ahn pluer twit ttile veitt'ity. ill Se~a. ",J L. 

livr pir'*jurt ile,.am ie .14411 a p art lafl' neo't-ary I~e~I~t1414eI*cie lar hisite'ct rusnge ts veltoo'ity 

to fill I t' loin'. sc'rvil4t46 ipl tirt .')la, r alr1n~l an' e jt late'sl. ''lis' tlmrve-lialves powe'r laiw ias (ptikeC 

andi to ('itile 4lite tpr4ijet-file t~iatlethi olain'. fil' oartic *utiljivivslt.l :aecui-t flosor main' Jnerpooe's lip to NMach 

1111add ji A rit tigh atmla.y.is itmelira~t th44 eat dk ri..' ivu llaasasitliiaili 10. 

CONFIDENTIAL

~Mien the muzzle velority is nhov, sa ' , 2r.OOp%, fit its~ imjili,;#ic t-fible tIllitc urn,. For ieince, fe,, 2 

the ratnge taibies show a fliaNinlininf va~riation of ramnge ac tilime to( fliglit tIme rjmn= un & hduDisaltal line Of 

fur evulatnt time of flighmt, %ImwA vatrvingelevamtiun,a ofonly 

afetv p.-rf"t. In the c~i-c o~t~ 1tileMmnm pim, 

ighit is I 1,'2W0'l F.t tmt--e comilliim" cakculation 

ah6w* that u 3(10W fr'; Kr/2.,/s - 0.432; 

114 this iaaiaalium i at the ank-r of only t pvt ent. 9/2-./Z - QW. WI.~D; K - 0.019t. Q IhitLa ionfb Ot 

Thisf~actoisthitote ompen.-wing egtvts o - thby mrazwof e.rontios (T) d M" sily I&Iy 

dticed air re-iWtnue at biavh ahtitutles in balhmncinir (iavtwevn I andl2 percentl frumftcoren*lndlflvalues 

loal of velonity diac to gravity. In view of thcr.o f.&ct4 oft I rva(n in tile rnane tables. 

%vry Cued1 anatvtirvil apliro'cimat ionsc 'n be maile by Whvan tile praojivctle ,'ize is varied whic mantainneglecting 

ahtituck--.l"iaii Y efferts amid tic effeet of ing eun,4:mmat anxsvyntaieitl (k-CimgeKV-aIi.Jiietly 

gravity on the nlight of the prolwieet. Vnier the,4 wlitt. hecram.o.ctiia ftasadthpvuaciwiO~ldnvLi 

ci veswmthe difftmirrtinl cptatioae atprojctile % em4)r with.iU maL Furthermuft X AdESSS P6 

motion along tlia line af night may be w-ritten in the manrly on the noave deý4= and cheam in lcntbh 

form of equation (5), alflc'rzit lauhlm. Fo w stilmaiilxcr projcctileauenay themefare 

write mmluAhiun (0), 

K -Kee A 2 *A - ___ 

in wh~ich rti tha dim4ance MIong timea line of uight, I is19 I * ' -Dj +D 0+ ) 

the time of Rlight. and K iliath acruilyamic ret arda- in ~kii h K. and K are t'e constais fur the sandard 

lion consatant. The sointion of evriation (5) may be awlA audx-4-ber prbject ilest~O~IrT 

written in iiae torms (0), (7,and (8), In uwing this rciat iun we must bew a mind that, 

in the ca~ia olf tilmeasuIo-pnuietie, tuhuklpartsars 

'~I~ a (0) disrank-dat the muzzec. hence mracdohecmns za 

I + -rfur the rnilmt-projevtile in fright. In thme cmof the 

V'~ Kh, 1.(t 

wheft u is the initial velocity of tile pruju.iile, anid fly naimking itne o mt llmmatiutu (4) to (11) we may now 

l',is velurity at range r. write, fur tho velocity at any rAaq. eqmaitimnil (12) 

71me 120-earn guin, NIL iL ahigh-velucity (3,isrWi tpn) ra (13).. 

min with agood projectiledes5ign. BJfL~.tie coinputz- Fur V~alues , o clu,-c to tinity, eqviatiinii(12) and 

lionsa based on the threre-h~alvos power revat~ant-e lair (13) can be apipmoxiiimmmlc by ctliamait (14). 

If O..V, +ive)I - J)im+~14 .. 5Cl')" 

+ ow (I l'~ P- T( 0.5C/lJjp c IV.) f ~ -- 

\j'+e(1-p :[P + p + .m{/' ) !t + pS 

( ~D ~ )(+ , + 2ClI~ +)4 

I+025~I(C I +t'2CI.:l 

I's 

+ 131+ 02:9CIr,)"4S 

+

tsu t~~w~ert.: .t . .t .i .tw~ .r i.. 

It to al~iiin fr t. 1 m*iso.i-ewflo .4 tisii n*Iati~to, 'kIt Timm~v 2. Utati.. .4f lttle,. .4 flilct. bGc vri-tolob t~loo4 

lIh~ii~'ir iti Ii tlsv.. tradlft'.szisnh. Is.'n-'614. ill 15,11111111wg' 

I.4U Vol nottor 

Atk *T arinite. r.. 'ill #an"~ 5I1'4235W within whirlio 0411 1. r. 1106. Ri' jo.t, Sull 

..tnkinsg re-is'Isit ii.io .es 1woo l fdswitEaIilwr. - ---.. 

1Ae an 

fli aAS sA 

41111 0.741 f~ 

. 

1.011 

!rfjt 

0.141 1.11 .1 

1.0111 Lo 

A!"*W 51.10 

I.142 1.. 

t.m 

1.12 

t.011 

frotts L'ws n( $talsealiiwr 1''wteroootiilre. et 0 1h.44 0.7% .... 0.72s 3.:a 

11mie-riss Tur cv ov FL14111'Itewe qo4 tile- Istrs~jotii. R44ci. It i4 isspjwrtmist fit 4'si-I 

Fnion s1imputti 15W 7) amid tie eis.m4i fin%.a o' iss K ands. Aiekr tl-is. otuo5.5i.seo (mm inaw 4s5. iasilwiiit sir 5514ietnl 

l*It* 1 1 114. l ittle Ii Illifisit I 4 sit(: victm-ifw3ilor lirssj.'rih. guii. 1114' pr.Jslocit il. 4ailin-rt ltii ixs flrrsly ini. 

r.Als.I tit 114. )is'tvr 6%. 5915) 4.1114 [513 1161t . .nnsll.i. %Wit I Ilwsv' -sqls:i, sr priejPet iii. I sist 4 he sIa iiitg 

Fo. ar 23' ssIa irsl li~almIrs.'per I' toet'i~t- -if. 4.4915541.5 thlu-iitdi. 55541. l 3ife- ~ letvro I fithit. M~ien, the' uizo- id a 

wiiglst p9glm. 1 l,5I 1s1 to( 4 f .ix-Airtrl psrisi4'st us. f ile-gli 51 14u"ms-i~i4 -Ii r- nissssl, it- r... I; t~ ,fsMtivisit~~~~ 

Ii no-soi .s may ssis I~'iIlistsI Iri.tInIs Imi.'uasistionsist tituitliasm- 

4. [ + *( - pi'lI + A) + 0.274 C"I1t')]'If (13) 

+ot #1(4-p+ 41 - 0;i.25M fro ,1 +(.5C'l~ 

I[I+ fl..sC/rt ro..f'+ 4ei - olzO 4+ P + III + 0.25.(C/iI1t"q1 1 

t 2/ 's EI+0-27]4C/II)41"' I 

- 

'[I 

.'+ er(t - PIN I + 011 + 4. /l a 

n..i~/Irj"'I - Keep A + 0.241~ - ,(it +t-p) +4 0.25(47/170 17 

2v11 [I + 0.25(C/llom.i"-E, + er(I-p~ + 

Floo ptlil14fr49 I?( 5)1S''142frir-1 4"li15aIfimin5 14 Ie 1211-moisi vtvr dinoo'n lt ite 1, li-vint imolsc'rt till( fr25g5214iti lootm 

Killk. Ml, Imt . 111 oe 51P himen :t 2 it lsito' a3 Iimmiit pnijectl' i nt' to...nszII lie s*41im-f rrt i(2i daiafl:5p. 

l~-ivsir:issl flwit- lurm~fl)55Z1 muz 'Isr will40i iS 1 wilth pimoeil *flss nw ssrfiuwixrf'l,imiisw'.4 tpftle -krtm~ prei~jctite 

.0 #isa t Ihe' :spprsiisia~te 1111 i~~I's c-Ih.imidswt liii i z nris.i- froiui l~iii' :stt that 1)12194 1" gii-arif.iI to4hat 

tile- r.siii'45 to( .5 Fier 06 Kis t~ C' 411'. Intel tfix' v:sliN :s1l 11.4'm initil numw'ievittti 6. avi'sdsI 'I ft.r qnvcrrnsninig 

till 1'u Ta~-2 I. -Isss.-- visos~uprimsom 44 ti4I e fhPsiilight Goor, irvs.t-ost . It LsIts Ive uistoted tha tleust I14'hiat e perffcsrl5. 

MAIN$- vl-u ras))Pmw aio 1.4191W-,vtl nsaoigol .4 'irt sd 3~i lil o 4pt1141'm vilie l spulmel v's jir- ijeoil i'ts most Krenthy 

.. .i~s :I ot-u i.'. ii. Ifr ilitIi.' fsa i. 'uivisig v:sI- affeetp.il by rsing. (4wi vilar-. dop4.1sil 5 

54'tit 4.f P. It isss 1551" iprolI sival fit si.1w 0sis pl slis, ii% .. , I 

2 c lv 

l lw uffr %ill. I..... s'1s. r I..'it motor'u.I pranoss siidil t 

vussip. II. i4 :n'l~sli 1.1 ust lit~ isil.lii' :dis..4 itn-si4i'.iis'' 'llie ,o: sitltinhds~s lit icr i4111sM ei~itine. )'s 

11.4Isus Ii~pg isslishsl ilsht4s i'Iiii the.i rvind hulin' je.tjhs'e i. -u..siilJ tf litIle sIisc' (''ipt at1 trial siv'ir 

bums'siss u's.sisili.IsI i~isiitic ifI 1)1' . figh Ifu Afoisre r.1s10.. 

light "eight. hlssh-evsliI r pri ijeet ii..' Imitviti il( tilow411 

%ii iglht as, Il I.. kin ii I priijertle 11'. vni'isiv,., i-mi 

ftile 1:;1iig :1111' 1:14 5n iW iti litt' litle,' 5.5l- i it- i 04 11A 

VV 

. s 

fI-' OF N 

us s Ii 

%5 1- 14 IRO I'%: 1`11oilsATi i 

Or14 

nIsiI lissijelti ' to) Ilt iut4..) Idi tfie Olsuld:ril prop. 

ji'stikv'. *Ih14- Po .1 jjl'i~tv 4 a vsi ll('1Ivc' hit i.- :1 fisicut jut 4l 

IuITap 2 Amltis- as mi.fiiitistias rv'ilacti~oilh l filli h tnt. flit 1..' 01isntwr 4.1.0k %th*it' im~ ~~-v I'liuit 1 0 into lt~til4 

flight~ "oI'sivlss l14 iss' is ssslulrjir'jvvIil... ! t )iul- ,patv' 4~ 6itisr i' Is.' ofi t o(. fileu tanrwut to instsirr 

vierT, Iuki: i's :it 5114 e - is t .4 tr,.sictiis stll il us1, lailagi misih a fliti. .'li, its lisnus ilu144uuul- .. flip itied uisss.i.'Iis 01' 

C:ONFIDENTIA~L

,.a--f. Ilh. Wr-o,r 'N'ot.-r,.n.-. if% its a.. n- i t; Iw. iii .16664 t# I Ito o.61,c-I so RAW,. valIjwt ini dii 

.1gw...:. .. of 6inii i* ob-l.. o~if..l sooths-io-o tea Ow1 fa~ir- o-phi i o- 61w ir-.g.li'. Vowtw~m 1.w t6 he Ia 

* imow. Mosisifi- I.V a rns-&"I 'A 6-h iu"nI~n. rolt, w viTs.tis.. ta at i wit. ta.., door a~joj .4pvt 4 ot. 4 

n.~t.l-I.,~virto go thr jm4.lolis. Vmw siseqnlike. a pveroolsolrotvi. is...lY 31a ~odot 47.ber 

1-iirainj.p.inkata.. ..nn I or lnt.h- 'I n-I not aid~ It4 I Iw pnov i a.'.lii- ;toivl:iiarl,, 644 o aM-rr psoýrfnilv,* 

"iniiiecnd. Tlo an.- pt.iou n'n..rn abir Iip~. gi~c.. Iito iee gn-vesit f.,rthsr n'.Itwlive W4 priwtsis-ie rub' 

iI..t;,hhjtiaI% a-. pool no .lm.wmintatl..n' :so a miser Iwr. 

C.-ro6ofir:1 :ltnnh*'4. If t1w hoorwo. ino, lisa.ei at (1W *Ilwo .I~t"o.4n a uid 14 ,nI.I.'l. 664.eWI~s Wolinw- 

2Af + VI., in. if 1', 6. fix- i in .4w~u'Imu..i. .ci.wom it .~if ,It.**.n i;#li. .4 &. Atitiostih the 

ed t1w tanrwt. ib.. lnrot,. uInv hit i.. rI 411.. ii,,,nii*i-if oniiln4.nhiiv.4,.iapuannmi 

tgflhitl. t 1I14. ,wtwd .(. o4 - "A' row f.,, rrnep"4 aa.Klv nd 

T,- So . f1ewp I.1,r 7,to o- Isii, tha :is In ,4w rarti A the nl-l 

atis-o iit t..,- i~4. 'Ilis-ri-, t.hovirsim nnlwn* 

11te, pruladIitliv tof a lii ta 6 ivui- by vilgnstioon (106. oi.I 1111tj61 i.IvM1,,6n1tr Ito lie. paissi fl#! tososooo Woo 

err. Umiwta'l Its *%.wking in this. fw*6. Smarr 3 ilf. 

+ . trR6Atm 

Sl S r 

tion and mui 4 .n at spvrr and a it h rnIiaI atu'Ietsa- 

16 Nh LLML the Thatip of Cox 6 ) &,W W 

k-vci ashetifMeOIr1,hcOfthepM&.1k', IN Vc .. t 

I', is approuiamsidy prv.uri~wmal I g- ith putter 

ýI r"*t 61w4 r ar fil tis .. tto vnle' .4.7a tail0-. Socur 

4.. i. ~I6wmtn .itt.teh we 

hy Ifmqlwq ,~wiru'wna 0. floso-s to i-shw'e in the 

n*iKtI lKwt1. Ii6 of 0.4 33. I n fact, in the L-2 (stir ui'uble 

uf the time cl Rig~ht L Ilia higher ti.- vedsorty of thetirgrwt 

the mureeclin-ly thin, srnditi..n i. tort. We may 

*.1herr'wS Writeequation (20). 

- - 

erem P. iss statiLotic" cau'llc~iet, I/a ;Itlier.1600o( 

the railiiidu(anorml flourl b intothnt of the tarp-t, and6 

If. s the rntio ol'tle diatmcter or a ieilwaliirr l mitpljr. S 

tile to thit af the normal prujocvile. 

Ila e Hlitive peullnbclmty Li a dattiasitig hit A ith a 

Pigl~nlilstwr m-w..~ile to evunlponed Nwrh thatI or a 

flulialI projerfile is givers by Notation (21).a -- - 

OssP. (. + I,- f 

(21 

It io, che-.r I'mor lii..,e ;t1ifl o thae~t I hs- pi... ;w. i t.itv o* f 

a d ni~ltli: liK lint in' hIitl6E. is I row ' l I ..~ jvv. I .' ilk a ili OW6 

4.I,v,s6-t imio, .4 th41.t Alm-r;ii. i. ci",-fnt. Ano 

.4 '~it . o t-irfil a?.itiEi. 4'#g16:ml po tier i"'l tt..ii t . Gas 5 

the w .e.i ain, tIc. -kartie pV..ji- 1:14- Ii,. the xlmrf6'.t CALKIN W-11 

tiliu .4 flighit. fit ;sn ;itt:,k az~t~iný a fltift'Iin6i.6'ifl . .i... .. ##4 4....66-e I-. 

hi c-." t Iii'' :rr nor vo 6' on in M t .- ii i ts' dii, oisr (of J., fil-' c.~..'f6~~., 6~ .gt 

rONF'IDE)*nI %L

"so 

(is O. there lii13.tt a o lis( i th ' 1iniet 4s 2 to I in At 11W tivism,.tl lilttle fls- :srt of 1114 gc'n ix nhredititelI 

Igstttlc fristil 0 - 41.70 tit, - 01.55. n1d. f~tet trealett a asisswm oots1i-l isirs tIt srtiadi V.1ltw. 14%. Ilse' 1114 If Met-. 

91'ent 441iihsttistlitir ftwirthe f pit KIis ll v eTtSl~SrI. Isrit l~ ife- lino,', 4( altji er 1111 1i6 ran mmltdiolatolt y lie ye- 

1106 IM l is'igt I'm' u wwiikr lUSoler Iwimil 1t,'Ii tisinus tat utiwiL fst lose swsie 2 ins. 454'titallya~ ininrasieul. 

*pvswrieilisI k1r the Plom srr ailaoIsh in 11w rnneMenl 

hun'r fist aet'stnslmtlsidpitr to(flet sIfiri-frstvl retin s'kirt. 

In, other i"n.6, alnus. the titlire saying in soe"e 

niliton cisso n" hie inath tiTeteive Ivy ,stit'h t4-sti~. The 

ltt justiltii prnes on,,,is ist, eve'I14ithtithit~u i of 45.11m) must inillswtuest ialiee it(if u s'iIilaitm its, however. 

psi. INi- limtbj is ltotmiituaiilvitIv at p to 0,.5. Vosw hsigiorst hat Udel V taiIgllei't o K1 glin. it% tlinviiiN', auiuliitfIry 

tonwssionn fix- valis its iarm~n. '114. use so( Iigitet espistpnursnjt, its ttile liet-r4vir~ie ithe nt 1114'i'tiiijflent, 

S,luigth mat~eria i,. jitlivalt'.i li16.. hoiwever. isit rap. iti Netil4aipit~rtt~l 

ti 41,44 ill tranftlttwtiflg 

t irts WrIPitsd"lIW al54tso tinitt olvvt4tibtoIi 5s it toious postisisl UOV.AW m-iersliie truu mit liswi, am 

* mwan-ne~astislitlisiet. In fix- rum.t IS( tisg~t-e~qtIi*4vr t'hlitivi-i*list miatirial advatutaitvti wiuti viewedl frOiti 

prsijestiiesi. the seight t4 lithe n-r skirt lwINsiiq-s intt. tItNS sfm~solutui. arei iq'nv imlsnesssrC. 

!kwtllint in :tf'wnerivi Ix tw'A ,.lallityh 5 idlightl. Isir 

.le'sigls s'tl tosi Idatlie it W4,16ls1 IMV1% e Is- l 

et'il t liitifl titulal tai sIalilvfist pI''' 0 es"1J11).I~jtO% 

flor5 i 

tli. 1ie .i7TO~ o 

-4(.%N 

liv great ly ine-r~ein4' r~ite- t4 sitti. Iii ssevtr, 1hiii. tiot-a 

ter itasi,. ytislW loversi ditrsalhw ' ricii anattviimt'l. 

U'1tild' l ive VV1tlvtii$il Ofit #ifhe i~neei4W IRsnIAlW"S is 

notsiti dosiliti ~..'stet she 114'in1'ste siwouri-ted, it shositult 

For t"ifPI V-1:iW to( 0 tin r-trAi'tv- I~iostis silf fix, lIs- pistitiinti't thiat there is su ron fur any guns bemvailaIr 

toit 'nert i- takeni :ti. bty live froirnl A.irt. Witen vittuol uhiesh tsime of it stuiwalilier protjecttile will not 

Ihus or'irt, I time 0tare stvutilaiisle list I1 lts iah expsIttive nsiuit'e file time- 4f flight. Fsirthwrninti'. there its a 

6t itl41ist'iesrl ttuu' tso fnd ii t (isstsf 111tt' prisji'rile ,'hwtt'r unwn- lwie sd Mhirli rt'.(l ittiiitif or' aitlvertdoe. 

i6 also to lIn- nsstn~isg'fartisvo. New so itiese istoYint' al ti nuit iismermssi lth prssissltlisY sf a damnaging hit. Three 

a IsetI- ni'thiwai five saipiotilig IV* frivsm endl id the ljmitatiium. muvarls, 1ltsmugh analys~is in riousetim 

* ~oijnis 

pfo-0ttil. Evsen in the fieztn' f ill'.-* difettlliet't the 

Its lie math ir by xti'ttljotg l tiertW osf p toward 

with any further strovillwe akuing throe hiiet. 1 

.5air stats thiat t'vtn tlws$Klthet rels'ativet s'r~i~se'u. 111L Gaiints in Aritor Penetration by 

nc.v lotn Isure anily rribel fly illst jcut-inin it(wvs'"qI Use o( Subcalibler Pro ectiles 

prulauidlilv of( 41map'. Tltis a~jvert of flist' tio-igut 'nipe tic Mairn fiummida f~is I sener'tioia of armor 

slmly is wiwthv tiC' r~haiislivt' lI'tlment. Ftirthter plate Isy stele linjs'ttil". its gsvt'li iy etittsatisin (22), 

rqmlostisiA.61 s'elxs 114 tiot Isi live l it) t'ffsecI4 Asot 

itun tlimtgr' andsiv 1xvpiint atl whirst lthe frgmtetislatiut 

i's 041471 110to ItsMsiisie i1W'ffVCtui'P lstr~tts ItiVl4 live 

stoo 

torgt". ini which e is the thickness of pinte penetrated, d1 is 

I" tC' isie alr Aisntlv..is lilt- Kftulatiil iptwis'urns s tsIhe diamteter of the projectile, ;V is its weight, G the 

anti clittigs are uL-susltlt's, Stills 4111 ivlett pn5ijsil'iile tingles of impact relative to normal, V the striking 

estightVl v'n6,1g. A waits in tw ine prulsoiility tuE a Shtia- vilirily, and a and 0 am con'stants. For noodeforsi. 

soutig hit i.. itislit-tAeqI 1 AIKiinttsghs fle rl~lt tmge itf Imams- ltilde prniijet ik's, to% a - 6.1. and A St 1.43. Hersce 

tmulek etfiller ritliss. Ftsr a slatithnril lu.Itilrg t vsislian (2'2) r-ditteg to etjiiation (23). 

rat iio t itnit e. %%Itisit is in thle ntigi~i slituul oftiC r 

nuilts Iqvitns. I'lie m~ivanstin prs k ahtiltl iv iaimiltsi 11.0 

11W.tim s intnmsl.mituti t 14 prel~ia silili at I lie pirse''tit lintil-1 

~ 

a 

-j 

as 

. (23) 

of( caliber rai iks (0.7) is 5.5 time-.- nittrititt. 'flii wauin 

in i'It:iuta'r Sf( 4ItitMas' iS til:ltiuie'tI att iss itttrt':it4 lits am- 

It Ithe irspiectil~e toirgy is kept rosnsfitti %%hile its 

sliantiuten is vrthl tle luetietrai los imlpntv" as tmsIhe 

nautili itn trus tl Nit m ai pitrtibtluiel urtmil riqlust itisi ini sliatnit-tr td~iminil~t,h. Iltis itipruveiai'nt eritI isles 

4 

4.1001. Il 41tl er atuuils, 1v 114' : Ititiilt iitim s's,, Iver htll 

m~~~~ill luv' ri~tluisi it) Ut'e O ustsisttiat-liftil sof I lle piresenI 

istsil t he milluni Notutlcit v ladislA i'Sw' stiat eg ua w.t 

U~t it-%tumocl I riarlaik' is ituscil tos 3 prtjeittil,' mis- 

nu''.t satit atti tis tlasstia htnti.'n in .dt itisre diehitititl I ratio is int-ila-4-J. This' ,,tli-ttiltsatre Iluit., howiever, 

euntlifiun's. nssft idt-Ix-tiei n t of a andtiti ert i a tltgiotn of * %%herein 

CON FIDE1NTIAL

3tf1.TWV It'rnTi'N4.. Ol -V uICUNIIRIC UWIX~.47 

thenih-intagei~iII iiplen curbii4ii noiiu,4~!.t 011m O rtloaiun (25) for the Mtative peretrtiun6 imlb. 

t lie averip*, t ianpIn carbide :sin t le weiv10whohasl tai'wled 

4f2 5 to3 5 tin ensefftttive asshil- in armor pen-s 

iimnws, o ca bI Aea owru'e, dauria buNt' o alo t ttbo Al LW- + 2s zo c~n.~j' 

fativenr that foe a me Itrish pmre e Owi-%.Pa. the~(A 

In iew of thebhilir densityacarido projec~tile 

of givem diamxter has lower vellicity than the om 

*iA~unding Ateel prOjit-tile fur given Pelwmr-timis, and For vahwip of p nW tmmky. the ewrcaO.* I - A 

Isile % slolim~assIiqhwlst s suelt ekay, iucmasrUih amW Us P~wlAwei 1w p. U peismepionaum and wakk 

armor pinto % i th mi i h more c nertj thn c3an a ateeM IwiteIrof Iighe powtrls of .5. eviiatIiet~ (2(1) tt'tluem 

projectile n( the same sase. to "usiaion (27). 

Ths shaittr vclutity of tunodetn rarN4ile 6s rtxiKhly 

three-hnhaves that of stH-t so a pruji'ctile of given :.. +~ 

enrgy should, on this bai~s alone, have slimmit tw'o 7. l:4;;Tj+U:.2!k(C/rg I * *adn onse-hltl times the pnet re!ion of steel. Tlic mome 

alvasai"Iascvalues o ff alla plroduae the asilt idia W + I- i(~i. 

Spaod 

j 

From equation (23) it iii apparent thial reductionKe1V 

ofeafiber, while retaining pirijectile (nergy, improvet -K; ý. (27) 

penetrationl. However, in art Wciwi Lin, the pond1er ~1 

temegy is fixed and, as pomnted otit in Section 2.2, a 

of this energy is dehyiTed "a kLmwe nergy of It is ck-ar that theme is a mtA o ceanlitiame Lis w" 

the powder gas. In Niew of this, the enmI7 o the *fos~i wmes eleaateel-~a~ 

projetile diininishes as the caliber is rrotwo(L. Fur. These cunditions are given by equastion (28). 

thermore. because of k-i favorable ba'Itat.. condi- 

* 

lions, the projectile strike~s the plate with .% further 

reduction in relative enarv'y anid the advantages of 

auabcaiiber project ilcs for armior pecnt ration are t here-la~~~~~~~~:y 

modified. There is, however, a regon of xdivntage 

in which pins in armor-pirering eifee-tiTvCni5 ere 

- - _U .(). K" (U 

-41.4I +-fO. -23( C/'lI 1 I.43 2-/ ;2/ 

Wie 47,1 s is flxt'I, the range At which no nrsa 

~ ~ r.wisfo euto fclbri 

rm byn iptaatiu a (51)srn rdcito albri 

artusily attained by the use uf saubcalilir proime- Jvnb laim(5 

* 

Inorder to simplfy the prewnt armlyiio, %e neclect 

the mass of skirts and sabtal. This is not strictly 

aflowable, but the optimum conditions oaet-r in a 

~~region of values of, pfor %, hich th'pisti not seriious. 

-, 

r.5 

L 

IA11+02SCW~ 

,.24110 

T 29/r.. 

(2.IWU 

9 

Vilen this is dcne, the stnikini velocity ;i gi% cn by in 10L,.ih r, - 2%F17/K,. For thve 123-mm, gun. C/fle 

eepwion (24). is approximately 0.45, so the range is 17,000 3A. 

L, +0. sC/tI.) I-a It is thus apparrnt that pains in armor petetrat... 

+ O.2.(-C/iIJ may ho accompt14seid ouit to mrnges v hich . %, well 

(2)lieyuud C.wue at wchith thero wuquii be lik-e*v ass of a 

- ~r* [r+ (4 Ilr~~-riI vin.of thiisaitefur the p~irposeof makinisdirert hits 

2 1+ ,Is 0.2 C/ft ginst armor. 

-;-'U - LJ.* j.- I';' '.. ný 111C coaetar f nuicanitude of the gains retamitnK from 

inbycipimn(2),tae 

ing byCul~i~I 

23), ion 

i1410 otsi~LMi.hsr prt 

ý..js a .du.L~f 

1 

mti-ridl is itui-ituat'-el in T.:tje 3, wrhich has liK'n pre-- 

I- t W.i.'c, Fin , 2 ipm-ed f-,r astee pt-opt-tilt-1 nL hiro range, for the 

(2-) 2-mn-~ gan Is ith ofnidartd powder laud. 

CONFIDENTIAL

4 

*o 

6 26 PIM-rc1Cl. stVPVRVEUcrrr C13141 

Tuezx S.elaie. smiss lwmewtrsie ftmqm viwtl 

Soel .tanlad" -4M~ lmineles fiml (rneio 120.emtae ini of 

fingti. 1itinately, a peeint is. retrited wlter the, radi 

of lit tOsli t'aifidg. ve'Iiiity tob stit4 velijity tis ? 

raw. -~ 

scald--- ,tat .thresegleeset lit'e Mreangee travel. anl sander this 

0 esi~Utin (he ;w'iat- t'mtd ratios Cin lsutt'flt. 11is-c 

rage. howevter, at a value uofv less. then 0.2 wshich i 

0.1 

0.8~~i" 

t.fai 

".15 f~les~wte pe'mrtirl Iaink. 

In 04111W "PM14't 3AleeIultIF Q*lw tf p rt~ftilfl Sew 

0.4 

OAm 1.4n6etitnt 

I.20 .P1lait 

tln-ltivevdaluci. Fronm thiesetandit 

is worth beating that, in the easwe of the 

l13t1rnm gin, fih- eagual-weight s~llulatihe~r projeetile 

*ing 

Mhile 11K. gaiiii amt nea4 5ea Arikiteg 1s thiesee n~euit- 

(nein thee Sto me i t4 w"te Vrlt h. Prietk0 thmi 

air eeulliekent to lii. inteieetiieg. 

Isao. at a nottar 4d ealeernt 2.840 ydl, the seataw pmoectrtiiiis 

slo thetceal lgmeis'ivile at ztern yd. At S.M~~O yd the 

ltUtstixoitaiik ttlginpraliteteie is 8.1 le'r ritntt time ter 

Allen the diam~gete II a 1111ml 4-iigt prjirig 

6a 75 x retant that el lthe siusinthir Imiajivii~e. its 

weight ise .1sl6s11ee16:41.%fle gUt',W. 'e, lthe 111113SIP violvel 

at ieVnt rnatip. while, at 100)(1 0 vtIi it iee 72per cent. 

aMINI at iajxlvql eIS1gerea1Ist.At 15,011) vet Ilk- penetra. 

Ititin fevsti4 it' lettk 11 pla rent eel that of sero range. 

laxity thus nut cnisasic. Under It",** riremtisnutawe 

4ne 

the retardation 4e t lie t-.sr~iei prsiji-ttili. is, only eel the 

oefrrhalf that d live AM ;rejtvtik-.T71Pnhtive 

peirrluit~ein ise ge iven fly rilliltsti (*~.91 11 

lu WHIAT F THlE 'L`TVREY 

r, - 41 4 Coutintaiatta of Fundamental 

is 1.4 .Research 

Th"iawwe Iiaea dii reawicalulr.~emidititait that MA 4811 .i 

t 

nllesghs Diviiiiwe 1, fly- its inetensuve effort during 

4 

6a the initial penetration ita the tesotoetems rarlelele 

~~greater, blls it impruves ituteriaflv witll% range. In the 

cfse of the 120-mm pin. with ain egtlitl givigit lungm~en 

carbide preajectiie the relative penetration few 

different rangroeinegivene in TUtsk 4. T7he abslutite flmi 

a period oft five yeears, maids gratifying prupeest to. 

ware the, wAacartiandiac of etueeleon see the preectiesi 

solution of lthe hypervehunity pretAlte i, it cannot he 

elaniede tisac the. probtlenm ise roanplety selived. The 

inieggligatiuneel uneuverre a number ggl new problems 

intereeetinx in therncaeveIl-l andl ot hirdeamentsl impor. 

1,asta 4. Iltiaisti 11eewr gweeetrsiee from odteceraga 

coo" t iae wvet.atufuileg pamWtik. used .tamiseui stte 

Swt 61""fre ueeeI-MMs w 

iamu in raimneetion with further improvements in 

gun 4let'qgn. Nearly all parts v( the broad program of 

Ditiaciuue I ratisshlihe carriede fairt her pcotitRAbv by the 

* ~the 

-. Anny orn Navy or lay an intiependlent airea niiratiosa 

sipfjatiflg in conunjtctiont with lthe Armed Services. In 

(tatire. great giniphateis shoeslal continue to be 

10,0111 . phacel upon lestec research. The accomplishments of 

13AMa 1.? 1)iviavi-n I have "Idelted mainly from an uindervstand. 

____________________ingll ot the fitndamentala and not front a mere "polish, 

6 

oft ren? for thise glin be abUlvt 3001110 yd -4ith tle steel 

ing up" of prevoiously existing devices. Devclopint 

and testing are of nmotes g-sential. but subsbtantis 

projectile, and douible that waith the 'auriida' priojeatile.. intproveirentu. depend wen the new ideasn that evolve 

Tile normal balli,,tir tatle's exttend to ualauast 170K8) sam the ".eai etfo reseuerrh. Some of the fields on whic! 

ydt. This be perhiapse as stikinlt an lesaliration o lithe it appears e'eeplsavs Aniceld lx. pluerce in future in 

advantage -;t thweou.ilalenatiejeof sueletaile-lierand tienig- vetetigatiwes are menstioned be-low. 

Mlen ruNtlidi in Proajectile (situ8 as ran Ile given, for 

eviumiinee ~the effecrtse of imierl:L-4e norusttl penat eintion 

aend iemproved Itillistisi. 

IUJJ Interior Itallistik 

Ae. thw'eil m ightee the tanlteiso ra*rlnhid proerijtl~e be Althaseagl impobrtalnt :ativsnee us. ha em n aur n 

fuirther rreghwsed. lite initia~l Ixettitr~atien iveiream-.aindh neratily int% Itis elvd, %tlitheitunal lesformustltiti is neede. 

for a whielk thent. : a (eusttintl'il iewrma'se alt deathiwt Ilee In purtimtlthur, aen esToet shotaild lie msuneh to Wecu 

4 ~~'! 

CONFIDENTIAL

Woo %T Or THY VL:TVNK? 629 

.implifiedl rliatiieno laqtwee9 the varissuse faii-toroe in. nreenrrh Iloioine' glm .i nve'tKtirmlio in intirifr I%.volirqt. 

Ftorthrni-rm e,harI l-it gcsne le-ign % olde iti.se euWrng all pkisle e xpnmicntal and tworia 

leg farilitascel It,% inipreoi e'nlefit of iolnihtiei :tied inie~pr- approarsl"e. IlarW aitel convnienleft tveliniltion fes(w 

euvi mi milftirm Itrilli-ti". v-nit vt ery high .io-niliorp mre~orinlg Iwnliner f wefemwods foerilihlit the. tireclap 

4 e~~iel hI aza I~ idnj high pwsiniirme mngn ofl imprnwet tilling .its.I haning and, in amuend 

nof gortheulsi few elm frimg twitt. inherA 6 thip .Bw-ert 

Hesitl; f oinio 

3.8.8 llcauig o( aMnrtify~it 

ind~ifl'4t : oetire ofl wantsiou elifflliter4 with~ hyperx~tns.. 

Further datio wouald Isi' "wu.cl in de- 

Mik-h Addlitissiod work nirds.t to Itt. donme losfst-Awit. we eloepinpC nott*leesel fo ewlneharing friertisen Irv isnPruved 

havec a ormsplet kneewliillgc of the tiole-sselsuncPan in legendl do-reign or eilhrorite. 

4 ~ ~ ~ 

vartwai. thins. olf ai gun~ hirrel sntetee iar ingt cet"olionsme 

i f5 iuimg Furtiestre iuvertilaiwes. dssuLm kiae'a"l t%6 Met anio Goetfiflop 

YOVO. It is. 4eeaeie11stJa fto lilow nisn* iiplevl t1111- lite'ivi p'uts. on the -Acvtriim anti appilieration a( 

teourwncturn'" m1 tis. lror' -pirfare o~f 6rune. eel %aiourses lineers. ande rutting, -sne,4n mateaNtiei, re 

ewim'e ppnelit'r vaiitisn roueeieiotjsis ite firiolt. iv. enlier tip it('e1rupatig ti antil jeAily furether eitiulk-i. Adlequate 

dend ilitdhliat-titlv o ith aill aiis-vto -ief geim vnwsie ii and lierini 1&te.t hooiild fir maill o~f inreteiialm, .eerl ax. hardit 

w it--i''ralk elip ha% rei full knee" lie n' ee it 1m 1w i'eos~ii . ineil tuel~lieleneim. i~risiiitium-leese 21l. .'-%.. .,ani elee. 

* tteln's. at pioints in the *all in ureter tol prnifirt ther 

beiolavior ofl n.*ii ehe-ipns. ofl pin tc rrirli. Soiel iediuritatrelieeslA 

ilttlk.-% rimetingr- or alloy~ rlritings eý,peeenlg 

e#d reeleall uand teeni-te'.. Althoieegh the low fiviosn point 

lioto is iiiijitart net ael~s ill roloiepeeet j %ilt i fe tle' ik-lter- ps .ili.:piun.t iit itie lity toC 415al gKens. and 

minationm eel r w %.itclsee it( uoling eh-irii. mooaipeiire museza'ieer itii.i sew further te~tss would 

her wertli while. 11w thrlent-ioriel pis."Wil~itie osf a hut- 

SUaa EM7A ani alloy stwl aso .tellite rexitel wtith a rt'fnuioey 

4 .Ahliatiqwe nuw haie 9 fairly itatie'farfoipr pictuin' tivr thint this. feaatltar ilvehielimpnet Aortels? 1*eele 

nMien eiflittereeof. fusrtheir eeteodi" %ioelel lie, worth while. tjneee'e until it its. determined whether or not this 

Laliwratitry appuaraus thas.dt wi'ielsl .epuatrut twoeetselv romisieatiem will affori a epniv'erml 'ulutieon of' the 

the various pheeenomena involir'l is. dti-qratble. Fur htYpirveleieity peralelim. byr preventing froth erosion 

tecAm*l, an improvement in lthe tpleetrn utiwieleurJ. lenid (Latten~inot of the lam nuaslekr the mi,..t severe 

nvtit teehniepee t.Steetion 11.3.2) for preelessnspc ther. eeensitii,eis.. In this putap of prujert~s may abto be 

o 

meal effceta thint may lbe eoeepietely fne'e frooie dleentiral 

isiw' wouldit loe peful. It ill iseltercetinot to neteer that 

plaicel fuirther mutirs~ls on the Fiemo peuttertor (Chapter 

32), thr ailvantciges al .thirs, evither aloe 0- in Cornalthough 

manh- kinds. eof litieruratury tesots. reating to 

"ortsion have lieren alevi,.eel we satili tile not haveP the 

nweess of doplicmeireg at 's.ill ise a 'ineple lhileuratrew 

laineetiesti with either fratuffie, have Mei lxvn fully 

evaoluated. 

ahppearftus the free-eon thazt takes. pluat' its an artoael 

gum. So long as. it g'untinieee's to lip neceeesr 'rv to tevit. 

., nipmoved Propellants 

crup~ion-r-nWu~atst mateeialue. therer -Ail[ lis. a need for It apnenrs quite ubviouse that ill would I* well 

g lelraturomo appuruteei Ilev %%hie-h we Poe:L ai.eeiel pitt or wnnth while to attemapt to develuu 'euw~lants that 

all uf therosel.r~obt nom andI Pe' xn'u'. tr~teiti that notse rither IcY lo%% flence temnperntoeo or favorablee checm. 

issesit be earned~ oofs niiih guins, A hicle for thle lusrgert'ni haleempueit~ue will far les.S errUiwe (in proportion to 

,eat's invojlvei.i-r eieoeer-lleet in meens u andI sne'mrgy) then eekitisg litsn~lint... Furthermeore. adg'time. 

quiate test,% .hold eIl te- meadel on neixteirr oftiigle-haae 

and eoluitk'-leit.e livsvi'Loilt a ha iin: ain-.pproxiniattely 

Dore Friction 

"necetnrei" AteicaI actieeee, that isLa in which the 

. luctt i.tle,rt %'4114 in t lg j C. t 11141o il:in Itti~li.-elletl eec timl -tr e 4- oal. esl- ist~itei .'s.i iJO . a 114.1 

teeuiiple0n. i'f~eeit lla on oilew, riricttin in 

%arieeeel tI '%r.. alld -iz..4o ~ue'ih)i.ý gll] illvevtig~atieon 

pciiai leilatr that bev 

;ectione aode the 1)erlIrtisesio2ll .' s*iueie 

ireie.m.;zae 

iieetpulildst 

loigihlt eerei -aprt 1cil6 :icme eel a leeeg-r:ange en t lee liwe ýreeafoa', tlce g'rsuirs't eeKon (;4 et eel 

CONFIDEWNTIAL

IM a I i ig ii 

turn 11.3 1, mgilht 1Pnvitk' at "'A'("' t-"e 4da P"I.," 

"fl u j oiW ~ u tix fEw IttU %1 " ,A vr I m li4 iat o.h 

X M I t~ o an i l r a c lItagdw jN 1 ' i tn t x~ hntrW li infl y 

UJJ Sjiec'al rroec~tile. 

%Ihe' lh'irm"~t v if matkins P-s tulmnid "le~i hwrifl" 

ntwd tiutIta~vS"6-4to4&~wy UCCOM-Uv muni ilett the 

1 

tiiAlt*Ii;~~ , ni hiihan3 Igr.,lu' liat 

llwne Ki"A MOWt~~ tgt~' 

akatmiip aw 11, tlrne Imn-Pirfav 

hitteantlll'a 

through VI'ltitt '"t'WU14 

4 fa ile nuial mut as [It dr1"MW tilif lwv wil tels, jeiv v I Wab i A-00 

typ"~ 6~W vaeriosusesolv" T171W atIiI l d il a~-I-1111e . 

p~ssd kre P~S'.Ie 41~~e 3)k ihh & WnOfionjCW, of Guna Fire 

ad (iha e~ela~tt4IU:85einjilta-izetLtl 

Iin t'tt~ai 33.2. 

The P-kv`1'KravvI nuojirtik in etititinatis WI Iit a Fritts a briturgdixi of viva' tile Overtil atdvrantage 

ebtrtufti4~tdlv&rrel ((laupti' 311. whlirls it-vas in 4S ltlevriv is to lie jitlemIp by perfolrmancite in) 

a m 1mill0i roilr~a juindzivte 6sa rri-lrk'jlly effe'ctive re.latiatft %4? w'i'ght. eost. aind nnAltilitN, it t5 vitali. 

gtv4hal (tf Iits, 9~irin pin crowin sttill~n thus" maakinit th'retlter. toa nmake as i-aretil ulcterminatiti~ is( the 

hypet-Avvtity practical,. o haiervelm-tiy 

.t~tttteedtll -sast 

olhrnkiI lie' 011"wIi-4 fazisir in 

uselef toi ay'refttain what ixulntit;4vai, o PllS i :Ititt% ' find the' comhinittiott of fuc'torm(hilat inv~olve'9 thei 

isecer.4ntfY or large lgun. anad tit firul the 111AW' PsuitmAi muinimum VOtnt urumawftion of laliti aral critical itttterial 

pwetoj leda d~tlc-tJv. In th~ib Cettirtf(iotU, it io vital to pe Unit Of altrnnw. Vs at resulit of dtie cwkniawledge 

Jve lu t 4n pl a.nd vosive ni'a'l loangrdetdiji 

u imt rvt lmtt itt the 6As five vettis, the ir can rem ai nt 

0 Mil-66 I A 84 f tA OItfle~ theP littsdegilit thamt the gona d o the fulturet will o(WItertC 

advatntatCI' of pros-mali"(" projcectie few, runiaam as 4uipints higher than in the paist. iINysrtri'liwttY 

types of 1guns. Another item thmmt woatid jusitiy eitit- in atuvarstaxttU$"" and it 6s prmacticable. A practical 

catevluat~ionttt is the "lvouter- projectile. eaqpecitJlV limitilititfin ott muzztlel vt'laiit- i6 now im~poie't net b~r 

the iypw which near the end of iti, flight reerives, an phtaeiro, but rather hy mccoadlicS. WThether the limit 

akilrtiaimil inupmlse front a rilcket-like mr'ehanisfll. %,eyosul which it will Ite "tProtititlalle to increasse the 

vltsteity Wa C'tricrllly at 4,90X) or 4,50I0 tfpsO Muc 

-----higherr 

is, to he deter-intie b)y futture al'oe,'.'4nett Sntil 

hisathuiitt oif alt the relvailit factom" 

- 

CO* FIDE NTIAL 

e ' 

-Hr

GWASSARY 

bommam,~a 1amu Im I... a m4 ooemyasao Own.)te ImpImo. *lpnh, wommoli bIW .a iIp. van Il Isn, a f of 

w ,e.- ~ .1olM . A.rm mm"., "thii 12.11. 

0226 1 $no Whelaw.a anal pka).ial NAnMWmnd shwb Moi&. 1aam Wowanwm 1J Itw4'hahe .J 

114a1 (4 tlw. VIIIIIIN In .1.14 In.'V)M I,( .4Waa.. that FUSSY IIK %% 14 %am,. (*.opaag .3n. A 4..an. ..wlmlar ..10 a,.~vmra 

labm ha. aun~gliin%. t$.av ~~-w. 12.1.1.1 Mum laro- n..wk* srvh...l.g 1. aww.4 ala 6f..Iaw-i..g .rianer 

At Wmtit A -- W. ..Jaala..n~ .4 aaw.-i I" tl.higna.waa Ih.;aut-a .Ir,,win: l)YM113.ll 1MI&FL~ , I)rdA2't.% 

12±1.)V 1W P., "fligia na.Ivm~riol law a414, IVIIV .4 a-lnwqtUa 

II. inca. Levu. ha. .)arp omanl Isroa %# awhia a oil% plea... (?4,rA..liama20.2±) 

to411,1 Iftruivantn mr. A Ipornp,,tilit wvaaito gvnaaste Ithanlamtaw 

IItamq 1.ZaAt sya.Ais& wyl.aea. h~.~t a. lad vtmam~ualr v ilo arfwvmiiard t~vol by' IlVO.8w I an sa AL 

.-(a pnrj...aiIr vaa&.f ky m.weraai with thI- 6"k..4 ealt Mo. ,.vi. .4110 tA).Of . -c.. .. ( 

fA.. pkli-ama & 2.10,4.10.) IA'* PLAMU **AI a-,ataavmtaaa plmaw.. type of ehromieasw 

IMa.l rmw.iaua A gtrakja i lh ha- I.&att...I 4titla. 41m, tow". $slaiv (S-. Acts.. 20.2.1) 

.lisaroia, or ala. Aeoa in a.,,awi- 4a gumns a NOWa.- %I'PVL .O. AIigb-nintavoiwy 6ig1aft m ofia . rfy aolaavo 

It... ~ hn ~ ~ la ~ ~.. ~ ~-lw..1..Anta ~ ~ ~ .4to ~~~otrlo horaca. w pikigratihing nuiving uhij-ct.. ,waanuazja.. 

1041.) t Iv.Ti' tin. 41eaval NIlwe*..mmaa affaa. -I a~lm-Ovio. 

(CAawvuwruw. A viromira"n wistwh ammwa- in a pan+-v~ti&. aqan byr 1. F. yoef"Got. 

.higIS6 IttiMM l 6-.111411..f O2.S.IVI f&M.SC 

Cus~Ptralmarso. A 1pwtnaai.on th.atm 4ala d.mm-n.- laoop Nicu.. A .. lutio.a" 4d nitric aridA in .-thyl alculw4 uto-aS ta niA~ 

ad sagum .frsigi~nia-l at- aatner with tIhe pustatan .4 tewnot ,lovq..4 I.-nvnurram tw-aaan tJ marilapg~vir .uman~anaiof. 

howa an I ala fsared a n-ksel. Om-ranmawt. ASaiaajg d a Cas.loans, amim...t CMW~x of tha 

roatdb dasm the a-, .4 s alortrs w.ho.i diat Polnd ao 641 in da l$ýIA y.r II 

rMt 

rAnMha., (A-n.Il t 

inot.1tv .6.2.) Pvmin Cojuy DIIrul.~ , I.l..-lioan) for applying to aitn-I a 

Osimuitic ~ ~ ~ h imoxto ~ ~ ~l drming ~ A .'r-~ctn .rtiatfieri 1.2,. mmoo-to~ Chaiefly 14 on &dMi..tJaw 

t(a, peard" vs, whwh.~t,. fartat in tIn orvnt quaaaue..4 t.arid In tel andI moinpmetou plapim~atroo. It was f,:,und adivest- 

Cmucwrncm. A iagln m.pac that Inato lan-n ean-al "-p.-ri- 1`1Kan1LM,.~ Tha- anaoaghmnnmo that atita-aa on the. twor" "wraif 

twammlliy -t tIIn aet,... Ingt. fin-n In a pnnatalla b dip 

Im-rw tin Iey -ta6 .4 tha- atmatajunal an a natneort-Ilukuarada 

Mawn that haot. Inn-t Nitau" (Is-ila 

Ateinm W3.1) 

tim- Paiwalm Va., (&a, 

Wallis. I~lDX. A entaly et. P am eyekatit.. In. active ingitrdt-nt o( 

"O445 ~a ielte knlm.n 1ta-aa. lIfP!.. R"itaak pern nminaft.. 

awl natvaaa Halotot . a- t. , tic.- iaag~tu-.IaMa. a gui1*, nfw%. It* o."aizx. vnvkAtly tka~rn.-.a a pn4tvcnnina" 

)I mrxx PL..vre. A k.-rtnaplea, aitnateaing 4o twa. tot .a..a. atitaaitt la--wa..-.d .. vv.-.an. A vaia-k-f 2r)) fpa wo m aak~pt..d 

.3-mratc .a too-,.t..w..a .ol, . anqa on .aw. I.t.n a....I S, aiy I.n.~ tat Int..ratf ..jstfi ha-nIMM 

44.v 4-fiaw20.2.4.) ofuri"..g%%'wi. War 11. LT. morrnua-3 ,ift (ataa.2±l4. 

CONFIDE)NTIA~L 631

. . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . 

BIBLIOGRIAPHIY 

0ua,,qh, 1v -mh 1"fivat. I~ 2.u lowt. .I~..an h"aI,." 2a.ns-,10MA awl j4~ 

j 

(am jnoh2,.i jm 'l.t in a Ai.psraw i. nsi.baa F... ..weroo 4 dis ini,.' Yogh~urslu. am& 1-8 oN 'xi- ,nfilksof r~ 06&P..~ 

hAk.m IN a., d mnor Ia il'4l. hbiwd.e h .a t.2&ar 

(I aeiu.4Vai ua.. 

Mil Satisaml lausrau d4 Pka 'aniab 

TIM. hI". T64.ils~aww Iahiotas,.iira. trw. 

MRL.A2'ti Ilaogawi tlawan to I ,Iloosaswuy, Aliaqkemna Prowisoc 4:" 

WA Wau,,q..wa Ar. 

AC. %A.bony C..usw4i n . 1 .wq mf analoemkoo ?%.vb Pwkaaw 

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2. .A IJi*. Iiwirg 4 ?*..gan.! finn Goop, J. 14. Ihaak-w, 

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211(4iL (Atl, O t) 3-09, lN1nwiam.Iam A~rolst Calahiis. 

Vai%.*ity is( Anortwu, January 1144. Div. 141301*16 

(1W, Apr'. 82192 .~ I"-X.. . I. I~'I 2 Xra wo, Th.. ('1mwo CAop F. 7- 72Make and D. F. 

3. TA.. ~n nira m..,. Itawn W. G.Ow. Itingio. WWIsi 32KY, %Ma'nniravualu A-511. fl-o. &D 

anina., W. Ga.mn.'n Jr., tono J. A.1 Crof~av. (bS2t2 M~ Lainw...., Mg'hia 0*., F.'Iasty 21144. Div.. 1-4520412 

Pnugw.. Pa.law A-IA4 C4,4ovnral IAl... CIW. Aqw. 10. Q1 Utl'a en..!aVi..a, GA.. Fin.., and Una. T,sadrr in Goiam, 

1041 Ihv. 12.20.1-Ali J.41). Ifiam44dofi-ii'. W. C~arlo-, Jr..,awl . 2l,.utte. OKiD 

4. A4 Not". of laarsufirdisoN 1 DI6rooh lJ.Naia 4 lfn...IMr 

laj.la.It. L. Allbt,.nmuia a It. 24. $wwtmn, 

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-R". &1. 142. DivI. 12.310-11 

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loa L8,fdkvi, A.2.k-nda to. N ItI Iitaeisw A-101. .J 1). 

224inoor1,lik-r Anad J. It, $h.romian. OSR1 20. 3M2 Alvfm. 

ramanuA.1471 t, A.70M. Oriioyiawaa mlsa., ('1W Nhaeo+Iff1 

1043 Divy. 1-210.2-M4 

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t. It. Ki.2,in-r, C'. F. (ulat,' J.* h-rr 14. It.V Janh. 

a.on N. L. Jiltownn J. W. Wnviowh. Jr.. F~. flarran, and 

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CONFIDENTIAL 633

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b#aIamf . 41r;1416 =1.x U..WeW"meh..E' & JM . 464? (~qs i talk.1 (1W. Jul 1%&3 

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1w, 3mwrb 2*43 Mv4. 1-41G.1.312 Imp, C'. K. lhmismtm4.4 1. frypa., ama 02 . 3Mmeftolws.' 

21L IdAwifly end 1praer.. .imri..q #'i.. Ite-1Up ,,f a P()olk. 

C. F. CwiMa.. (142 4a240 Itblowl N4L A.179. Groliyvil. 

ad1 Lab, CMIII' It"& 2*4. )6. 1.210.1-23 

I44) 302M It"Wet Se. A-234. Uwwimery A New Mc.. 

it. LXMIL M*4 Div. 1A0.-Slt- 

4&. .. 1 ,ih.J e Oto.miaip iAe .9w- and ('mpetiewdm 4f l 

20. 1-Wim.. aoftiAie Il'." IlL 2. (). Ifiramrhf.1.e. IL H, 

Krmehar, C. F. ('~iw)m meat Sm-em... (142 4 &) 

2(epme X-. A-!MI (...pr -A 74h CM.. ( , Apad 2443. 

11one Gný.WS Ere. P' "' db id" for P,.q Pmeibv. 

R, . F. u...422) RanN.A23,Cohm 

"Ia Ib, CIV, F.4mmq 1944. Div.. 2-20.2-II8 

1Xw. I-IMfI-Ml2 44. .1Im Ep.ie xw A~ *wQdg .if Po-r.4v G-. Rr4ieevee &-4 

31. A4 X~dy 61 tVme. .4 ,1,.. X-R"W femfj"fV*~ of 

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lfwýand mm2 %_ý 2..,.W, CI July I!"&3 

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maaY 2044. 2)6. 1-210.23411 

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IW-"v. W. 1CAr% and C'. L. (ritdffw-I.2 (14212 3397? 

CONFIDE-NTIAL

*IRUII4U%1'HY633 

Ifelpsor Not. V2A.?I1,..phyiml Lal .... VI W, Mari I.) h14. Wi. 1'..1 11&1~ E o-s~ h the C1141h Cm.. .'tvM-s. J. C*. W'. 

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111w. 1-(4MMI 

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4".S i 111mod femmr. n..t l I' *J."des,.Inrf 11. . A. 

na...,..,.., Jr., IC I1ta..,. V. (Griffi,.g K. V. Ikrafi4d, 

X19 losroaalolimss of Gos grumssm at Miss (4.jsk.6pd IAisws J. M. Kn.*i, &inai W.1T. Ulm-Im4. (O4Pl 4.V-0, lte.;sai 

MTw. 1-1(0411 M. A.'J~ Apsov s- Firis~p. im 44mi. Man W. I)* W 

4 

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Courkia uskr Cond.iftss.. .. ous.,r to, TAosur IVWi.1aas in kIts-jol No.. .1,423. Nil.' atul (....lussr.al F.AIL, (1W, 

phym.i.a Lots, C(1W. May 19114. 11wv. 140-If.1.MI hAluger i.,Is'eo 11%..d 1*111, Vumeriml, .11,1"s of 

X12 Pro.ii...ssrv fl.p.v -. 314y Arss.r " w .11ls-rool fo, aso n/s.. AW 0h . 4 .. qp P..JJ.'a .n' iot.rrfr fi~dlidkom 

Elovfiw and Mamomfaetunamo 0., lap. May IOW44 

IN... 1420.32-Al1 07. 

(.1w. Ort. 1, 1!14& . 

TA.' ifroussiomf Ga..-Ithe .lisd,d, 

lal.^V14ti140 

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X TlW Effed u(Salfse .asolimhne C..opsqs..al q/ MIart I'**- 

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man, 0)41113011I. Itselm-r \w. A-271% 1. Or..p"ra l&10, 

WV?2, Itlosuwt No& A94$17. Aus. 23, 11844. iNv. 1.43&M2 

h ~A.eogo e -f M~ightIy Yosia..s Soope'.'sic Ame 

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(1W, Julus 10844. Dilv. 1416I416 .4 Wla, C'1W, Jul3s, 10, 194&. Div. 1-220.1-N13 

INVW. 1-310.1-M2 ...vL C. F. Oursim sm.an J W. WVn~nh, Jr., 08111 0400, 

3&. /mu.,... BuJimfe" I Por VIlL l'ersasn.r Tmft Cuny., with ll.amort Soo. A-Z17.?C, O.plhynkal LabI., CIII'. July 13, 

ae .4MJAo ofs I.. lmsherrin fti4imiieso, 1, It. K. J4.aavom, 

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lXV. 1.2l0.l4I7 Ilforpt N.. A4.11, C...4...r l .b, hIAV. Nov. 30,. 

311, Wortisi J'rm*rtirFsnembsmswlAsfrhr.' in the. laad,g 111A4 Div. l.4111.11110 

4 0 SWb dDowiato B-04l',vosomewa. 00 s4 'surde'...s P'ermute, 

K. It. Ik~vzfrli sonl V. Gniffinit, O1WILD MA1N Hsi-t N\.. 

71. A.Ihassn'a t ol .~lo... InputE to the 0M.4iffen o4.fvw Caliber 

..;Or,** Amefl., K. L Armni, J. L. 1oansm., It. C'. Mar&. 

A-21, Callhula Conivro'aly so( AsI1.fW5. Jww" 1144 1", sal N'K. Pt...r.ý (1-MI) 6470, 1LApwwo No, A49,V 

37. Traiiarf'V Pch-vadaimuse by 

INV. 1430412 

rente I'hnqrfpvy, W. 1). 72. 

IA4v.0 & Nowilhnop C.,. July 213,21143. !)iv. 1410414 

.les~~s ~FeioAl~md 1,0 in5a. 17. HampWI end 

CmAsrr. 014111 WWI). tI.lsot Noi. A4-30 CnvfliW9Iy a( of r,~iss..4 IlIld.Iwr lurrf~w Tern jwralant, L L 

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Ai Foomuslser for .'0.is. is a TkA.'4-Melrsl Tube sear the. O)41(P6471, Itelsow NIL A40rll IATM&b A N..elUP C'a., 

A'eoetifort, C. 8Mew., (04111 4320. Rquornt No. A-291, "'.p. 27, 10145 INV. 14110AMS 

\ 124 NUMWmlar 11144. Div. 14320t414 23. Th.e of f~ I^-siasq BIr.f. . B. O%%-%. 

YA. ft os~dg rom FCs ssE.au. of the Gn-phyvieng lAtawo. 0)4118 G1472, Itclosrt N... A-401, Yals' L'nivremity, &-pe. 

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Isv 1014. Div. 1-210.2-%1? Div. 1420.21.%13 

CONFIDFNTIAL

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.kua l..P..n N... 171, 11I141,A.AII Juw1. 1134&. *"R.I-imj5 

CONFIDENTIA~L 

221. ?-.a 4 r-tv. Trd.., Mffile 1.... .1. ft. 9-4 C, 3rd

"2. 

4 Sd~.1~.:" 

Firoo .p.I T..' 4 I'A.j~vvidr Hoppe-r.I*. A jIg .Iw~ 'MI Fin..g lto.A. 4 14", ....- "o" Jj.rA' nhA 

l,.M.1I.q 1.t !fVI. T.12....4 NoVSri..., Fir-,i No-. tl g.4. Firig l1,..nlop .S.. M.-2X142 andI .1241AJ. 

lnpdwl.. o~rvm 4 N.-.1,.. smo 1A if .- t. Fion maj 'Ir. .gvu... N.. . AI'( Jim-2 July 1 ~.~ 94& 

IP-1-pr - 9! At(: (h4 It.I4 194&, Nooddit T..d o P..Eh~iu . ,o 116.'F&.a. Noidw -. ( $.U 

)I,,. ." -1-1.. .n. 116. PpM 1 .t - V8 .A.T.k c4. P. *,0-p 

t -4. X. jivspmowbI *a. 4)lgA gm 

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ph.kki. A, If P.Aw -okI'w . 

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J. "9. A1. t1. A2.w 4 

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A 

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227. F~,qT.. 4.s to D.I. - 441dr of~b& Yip'it.- X)C Clop . ro-.n.io XEg - All-tim.E T.-, 4!0.w na 6...- TI 

oorl1I..'..I N. to-I 

Novotnt..P..nnN.~, 

.n a k.......M. At-i..n'1 %I ~.04M RklpIM-20177,m 

Jul. 'e. /.. No.~ .1142 ro.~ FrtsX..Porin o. .W2!, (:.Jl', AI July1 2 * r. 1 

!J. nt.-wroil \ 11 L4 , Onjapposi .4 V w nf m Nip.t.. I'njnl&2 . 

1. t,. 54..Lau.I.&-Tg ~~~~d e~hl' 

4 AIV#.h 

OvIaanWit No..ian AN.. 2I;. AtO .3111-1k 141V. 

Jul 194 . !1 9 

N;.iLJL ... liaro' 1'ý.111.111 b-op Dw isp~d. G4,IA.'Frig IemlXP P3- 

15143w F,4n 4.". 19,,14..b. ... blvinuk',. 

H.g. ms~ 4ur ... 5l(.n.11 AM'. 6.frw to W 21 ,i PM&n.W 

231.~~~~~~~~ I..,fw 4i~o ... lkNu..4 u.I. l.Vrltr 11.E 

wof - Ito~S rvioporm W..' It * nn...14 C#m, rs,: 

illn~g I.il T1.in.,nat. 11, 1)mmduno 11I..omup.Xi. .. 240l. ak. or Ilwwhl hu.'Ik'M,,,w u. Fira# itut... poop t~ 

* nun... PnJugY w. N... IN'A3,A IAj.i.P13I.!l 

12rpe, No-. Ja ofit o .1, AIÙ u2 'P it3MIIn40l)'1Jjly 

2 PrirwA4.o 2. 

T-#o82 111421... I-wnlrrl 1942 

nI~ au 

14.... in l .O.O'O No -. .. wll irg1..rl.. nnnm Ptng 4m Na undgm Fn irrd IAriip.# It~i., T4.Fk , Relpo6./22 

OrANr PrkvmN.. 13 5,AP..A 1942. I, 

\46 Al343R. All(;~. WAg 2 ~Iay14,v 2, 1w.'I~14& * 

233. FTPO. 1e4 A: ).0rua,, SUM' O'noorol ,h.~i 4.1':M.Iy rose 247. M.10. im l'g4 0 04..mrslinUpooio 4 T mo N i.' wvlmr M6a.4g..? 

owk Vorom Wumpordimplo, Viri,,g o as.~. P.. . .111w EX.I.mw pri 612i.gnO. .4~flA Pr.4P 2kq 

X-t C.- CJ'..1 fr -a.fm - li*, Firing It,mr.i 2 Fi opo /. .'O tmfrird. ". .loril.. l'reimpo,.WA Wair..n I t!i. 

N... -?2314, Or,,lmvn. Priogrant, N.. .1,II APO Alor, \16,00*, 01,1 . 111 l.ttN. ~.70'.,~ 

14, 1443. 24'k Fov.ipo i3, Go,11442. (\-thl oi!" tllst 

I hI.m 4., Tit n.... Mlf~i tt~173 4)rdr..n Pr. pos r t.. It .N...1,I"fek e~n" nttte v 

25 -. 

n~n Nv.3WAli;,Ap. Pwm 1C ONFIDNTk MIA o uv 0 I2 a.Ilt4DIpr. uy1 

*mnoi M o 1 4,lap oAOl;Jmkr 

23.Fr. ro oai o i4,iiy4.rswrwPo. 

3,14t

4 t~~~~~~~~~~~~apolm. 

33644* . :a- (.a. r7.Iw MIAi1. An. 1 -11,3P. It. K-ostinc 

CUvra of f*;,..A.. 4I;..a.., It. 1heva4k.... Jr,. It 721.uw4 WA.4-1... I. 114." 

Ioso. J1%. bKatr..mouaa lfrpt No. *VAL =.III, M. a& k aois"aj loonn g..Joa- i :11..o Cons, 

WA, olw It, ML Tso Isalwols" rl Xe. 4t P. IL 1;.4nwa A -m 

23.Mn-- to rotor 004.&.t fC.m.Aard Xst!.. toost Gas. po.,t r o Report Non. WAY. 731 fit"4, WA, Jur It. 1944. 

WAI. 7311 11. WA.4 Stari. 21%M4. 

2W. V w~id nai.. in (.*.a. .4d.J..pfrowt N~..i.. ~....., 

Caosf. oeo 9_ on ae.1. IVon. lM 

P. IL Koondiss inaw J. A. K..rusailo..3., Monowantiumn 

J. it. II. tias Jr., Mh3.'awmawh, It,.' oorif WRAl. Rapau9 Nao W.ALT$.IIfe.A %%. A* .W. It, 1944. (AW, 

M Efl. WA, AF. 4 it" 4.prwinki kap..t N... VAL. 721 44. 1w.,m Z57.) 

-4n-.Ire . Ca.. Go" On i. .JJ.. X-4. 0.4. o7 Ph-. 2131 Sponae .g..,.. .oyoia o p...o, fobw of a.-... COO 

MV.1`00 I 1.v J.. It. I.AWONg Jr.. FErariotaewaul ?i.-poe rod-. M# Nov. ;! tooo MAl.) A'... 142.1, P. II. K.-.tinL 

Non. WAI. M2137. WA. Aloe. 26. 11944. )&.amam.unl R.,..w- Not. 731 rit., WA, X-w. 7. M"4. 

Ow". Pori J .1 %l.~ * 0.L4 flow D., '~w.foo.. f. I- mix... T&As.V.. I III, Pn.it. K-I..K M.1... It. It. PatIt~voue. 

Jr.. EtI:vgisOMISIi Is.1tl No... WALMI.72 1 . K~.'.lu.. ),..d.irE.~,4 .. I,.I 

WA, a. 2I.. M7, M194tva4Mf5. fijto on let o4 eol 

-'ae vot X". P. IL K..miajL Vap-naw.aitt Iepanot 

n5. Averassn to IGe... Onnint Io.6I-4 Altow a.J Ga pft N. WA?. M3172-P. WA, Motor 24. 11644, 

.an.. 11004 .1. hlo10-i .*,q... .1 thfais., aa !1o Ia- 

laig Jr, Vxrinva 111v N... W.U.M 17.4, M I irono rob". (I Rewvnt t. wufowrtorwn Arseoal ,a Wa 

2A 

WA, Mlay 18. 1941. . 

M~ ason. t. Votoon N... C-- Hand a.i C- pooosso 

somea. inst .3. JI'arintat. 7 4 .irontwae 7-S.1...r ."ae gir 

AIMV .SCaffm. 0. 1. II.Mi.. J. It. ISaaueg. Jfr.. Vxp.n.22 

Ifrpawtownr (O..raril, 11. W. Ifuss,41, L. It. .Iarkcow.. 

F. J. Ibmal.y. aiwi C' L F.04a. IWalItwo-no File NO. 

.Uaa. Ooau.~w SIla..s.nanaIWat F.40. Is. 1044. 

Mampm...ms 1~m.I. '..m 

E.ain Mos.~ 

wra 1a11ojwt Na. WAI.730 137A.lWA, Auke3.I14. 

257. ,..E~wdf~d~wi~d i-4:a.m 

M1.4Ilin rol es A'... HU.; Aqfter p.*tf.kd !nTre.i 

r. A. 0I e 

It,ý M.Ww 6y Swooll, 1.Vwr...mim1--dilair. L It. Jackwa... 

Haturlie SItemaril ln.IiiuI., Itt..vw Not, WAI. 731' 

75.42. W:., Ape. 14. I944. 

4 C,.M. am. ExitiiuP".. . \1. N , w.kWA. 273. (sauopwroi..4 kwaiia.. ft--4 s.4a4E.u. .... 1. 

WAI. 731.61-4. Iten 267.) mod HI. LK iai. N M terta. murnsadaa fl..pnrv Xf WA?. 

216. Afffbate fo , Casa' ai 4. vv...wo .rrstes ift Ca';.. 753/IS-. WA.. Jas. 21k, 3)94 

J.,w Me,,waromdJm Rowr N... WA?. 73010IO4 WA. .II. r..aw a. ". P. It. K.-mcn~ %U."w~anIM tu , ?lwm 

Juy6 3to". Na. WAI. 73t,130-2, WA. Jan. V), V)4&1 

230. *Vl.l.gw1Pi-e-w,..it. ,f :o.... Got.. 7.'.. MIA1 -.73. Knottano most l'ftm.m~r.r .O-.ft.., 4j Coo.., M*. 

mad 1), f ono Tre. ml .4 brrh-~ Pe'r..n..Gw.4..JA %I. slum Il.w.t N... WA?. 731 10-4, W-1, Ikve 133, 3*4. 

* 3?nci.nanl. F'Aoa.itla-M.I l1.1wort N... WA?. 72)311M7, t. 

IVA, 0.1.24, 11*44. 27. 1. 

ksoi.sxr, 

Ewan.. l 7... 7..Tbr 

. 

N... 741 37. WA. June .3s. 1I1O . .;.L.k..*(.I.F..s...I3 . .,1 

261.T. f~.I.,r.a..;;-.;. .U.t: , (Waefrito... F.3- N... 731 to-*'*.tI.~Mr~n. 

m 

2112. .57.... Not...,.lf.ai,....1,X. 

1 11.ra It.~ 277. lnfs.Strs.-IJ.,..r of Ge.f- 7 ri.. d Peionl. 

K..I;ngL M3.'port No... 731 4A, WA.0 311. 17. VIOL3 NW-. , P. It K-.nL 1 I. N:0.'~ WA.M 

2194, UA 'a..J 21~n..~. P42,.. . .. e.-!rI,- JI H'. F. 3315Itw . (A... WA, It. 27.1.31....,,P.3.KIn 

K.H.3,.j.It.1" Not~. WAY, 

* ~CONFIDENT! M

4 36. Jf8L 

rn4k ro.v-q;..io Spm...,,w in X-41.., 1.1~ r..'.... X.v. V4. I&.,.'I, (Za.... .lt..An. fl.1a~ik .30I. inqyse3S 

1.1100a. oloo - 11:10. J. A. K~wmmgn.oloi stil 1P. It. K~e.4. .rreoy . 4 mfv Ia4Ir#.j.~f #ofe jo, 4)rdn.,m.v C. .. nl. 

May 3111.1244. 2n.0. fk.M4I ()., Iis,. for Gaue. lhei-r.. Jo r..id. C.Weq 

.AtI. it"-imn .Il 1inol...ea .n -..... Mir' rt..1 Xe. oWO. 1.21. lime#i II.rvd -k.f....l/w A4Jp..n 

011 

July It. 1144. 

TA- Km....o/. 4 i M:.. 1.11.12 Gov. raf* a, ie4dia" 111. 

2!K~ henia., .21wAw Gitso, WilkM ('A~on..i f ... /Inoriram- 

Chooga il ~.14f.0411 414-fil.IOqI,,oe.. OE, flj.4 

.j%- 4 Po..Plu.te4 Poo r-dw F.VII-JlI .owl YXnI.M.u 

olood 4o ftwood Moomkav, P. It. K-iosim.ng liatn ...- all 

naro C-h..ruiw Mi~nute 

July 12. 1943.. 

V43.i7, (2(20, (Apporuvvd 

2R. polt N.. 731 115, WA, Augg. 7, 21144. 

tooIa.olipin 4 ~.4a.. a"~ TwA- Tsi va jw.&M 

2117. Milne 11A41001MV;2 f.u li.. 

hItmrifetf GI.I1Rw.r4.f~ 

Mark..., 1140' 

I'pi.. 

V, W 

Or&. 

..1,11o.09K NMoohr e X~noo.i llftn.. 11. it. IKo..i,, veto C-o" ,n2(- Movetvf W1411P. #*WY% #Aw"p. 

anoI J. A. Kntsf.m-ki, 2~liofi.uniaul It.-tworl N... WAI. J1h321, 294 

T#3. 124,' 9 g.. WA \.w-. 17,114;.T4 - .11.1x. ~ ZOO, florov!~g 40II1!h1f.I.;..ll 'N. 31 sos-, ("il" All, 

N . . . . r 7 m 2 f l nAI 4 A .- r i e f o l o . 2 M 2 a k 44 e 

. t .i .I .I op' .q . .2 p p v o nW . 3 , I r 1 n 3 - Y ( '.no m i . 2 1 8 , 

N~k a W. AL 31 Ih~c 2'1 144.Ifritil (tor nrowisrll MO(2, Aug. 30, 21943. 

M&. .1 1kDe4.-E Mwig. 4o lawr 10'f- 4 Vh-' voit . 222. 

Ptah 4~' .Ye No. f-.1f tPYlo tMwar #;on M Ph 0 XI n.p...111 

rl.I 4 ofM. l.ife Lia.'fI 4'..US ;(A I .liurkJf" Ge.. Dm4 

00. Pr.,j.'l NM. 42-34C472.91, Army Air Form 

.U2.. ..flov 24. J...... It. ('.lwon mo.I J. A. Ko.nma. 

l.wooki, 12.;. nnmeomal I ,. 2 .. N... WAI. 731 173, WA. 

AVi.II. 21.144. .qw 

1Meao, (3,btooolo Ia_, Jun.' V, P945. 

;2) ;AA,. .m~. .21A Gm.. %ui::.'an Alls.-W i4,nckhllra 

I141mi N... U241, Military I.....lip-nmy fivioiiowk Wair 

"YUEN MgjqaRTS 1'.1cLCUK11 My T119 WARZ 

"W.AhMiL1M, 

ipl. wad Low freopmW.'en H..iaifcFe Re.nA:F'I 

th~WIlneu-no Ort. 321X1914. 

p2W. 0 Iaaow 4 'en, J)6' 0 Pp. p A2 A.*hJi 

rT. I. x. Xm..v, lnrtickn' too Mflary., At larh fal r *os 

mjovi X,.. &WA4)4, Military I..,'iliprnrn 2)ivi~ios, War 

Prolgin- R.'jae. e" firisol" in. ;15.e Geo, .111, TwI..... 

ral Diviii.im., OM1. July & 1121413 

Ilihatimnnw,.2. 1,243 

w#i.al . 13-10, 0(1). Aug. 7. 1943. )ifiljarr lng2ivirnnmo 2iviaa..n. Mirt., I)tmnirrot, Jan. 

4m 

28L Pr-1 r-oiw Ieegueteae 4 Votwoonee wild Jhrnn'n. 

wESýaf na ~wo.e Ovnlnanw.. I'nw 1a ial.u. m 3n 

N 40.13, Gi1). Vd'. 26. P1411. 

X. 2114&1 

N,g.,.w . G- 02 lhlo~ we Fil No. 0.0. 

36.311.$44 Intl. 1, (2(73. Apre. 122. 244. 

28q. V1a'wif Mi.aft'e-1... 4o -oioOItt Pr 

Maue Not. 40427, M(1, I%-r. 21, I42. 

oolof 30. 42a...'~ . (A rm. ,.y., l1a....g Ga-, If. )V. FIa-..ry Orsonesa 

Isln..o~new Visit (D)). AIN) 401, t'. .4 Arm, June 12, 

lm.. Nos. 47-106A, WLar 2).'2earime-ni Ma..,ual. Join. 1, 30 Grrma Swo Pomr...folro, 11. 1. K...r-h and j'urrell, 

ISM3 Onlitnum. Tov'hnieml 2nfvIIiprnr.'. I~q. Cumn Z, C2SF'1'.1 

II,195.2:7212 ximl 21/503. Arl,I1..r m.,41 W~a'2, 1 ..n, lu~y 

~ N,,ein..nL ./'W .vilidII -da Ch'i,....,e. liviso-lotSIIAEF (I1...2 All) 413, Jun. 2M43 

Co~.l dih-s ;0~ IC .bAn'Gan. hIsrd,a'r 2too M.I. 

((2*),12.2, 20, I!'s4. 30)7. Rho 1 2.Irlu.. Go. T..l.. G. C. -'.v..on, T.2.2M3 

22.1 l-irs P-v 1 "I.-r for ('..m.. I..., IlwrltNoe. 

* 2C,~~~I-.,,.4." .1.A2-rv2~~t~niow, IXl), 21945. t..*d31 /)ii., U. C. 1*.V~uo, i *c22kirs NO. '3i, 

______________ 421),A 4, 2944. 

'I,,., 2~,no. ::v~:.i, 52 i, .. Nh..... ip....... ,I.. 301. Crileriof- IhD .. i--i- --f f?24,f,.v H-0-,d, Co. C. T.va.., 

CONFIDENTIAL

316. -4- Q V Ga Yvaso. TMIX Iipi. is-ca N. . 

4 311. Cb1w.~ .ivRf-.4 o 

7 ;m 11ito.1#. r...-.....J )J122 avy Ibjwelursam III, Is. 1311 O. 

"mi . "vd fT ~1.-M, la.v. - ldIID,01V 6..., slooded 

311 ('Alibi VO I".wa .ltv hwki , F:. It. Thil., "wev 

N.&. T.I40I. O4Inassvan AI-waitraay, I ,.Lhol'n .$Jp4uilL 

ism h-i t..vF VI)I(U,.'mlt(nmu('1 i. G. L buyk'to J. IL 

Ib"I.,A NID14C(, Mar. 0% 1942. 

Xser 2% MI 22. "i"Asro Vit.. .. d Pri'e.j.v&' l)-.vi, Vavtal A~tteb 

4 

31&. 

4 

lArqOoforso 4 a 1vav nl' PA-S vpmmo~lumm 

14..~wI. KA-46- f.ie, W. J. Knrim-es and C. W. ok. 

lsludi Pitmia N... 43K Nav.al 104velimew, 

Navy~ IlsWsat ste, I" I". 194 

LIM-1 

)Im~immmosr.. wrlof %ft .4 Ne "W"eI Rvmwmu. 1.14-M i.~.p.~. i...;., C 116, Xfoims of.. ffifwptVrwr 

1aft17 1942 Alwww II..ar# -M Noala lh.Imn-m . Navy M.'NAM4,K 

314. .1. .Im4~.Ati rm,4.. Ti.. is, I& Kivioitto G.. 9 ', W. Ji. Mae. Ilk 194 

11.iaowi It.~vrn*" Item. X... l41011, (t'Isutaiwi Io~aI.a anal L. F. (-a..J1. Jr.. Iti Imirt I-, fix-..(tie(-d il-I. turt".a 

U&13 A 11ipmdorl-lify rt.. 4 &Pe (44Arry V2 Ornwoom, 141 

W. J. Kauwv a"A i~t. IXkal&.* kypwt X.. U411. 327. T11, Kfrrf of Pr.j.1Vd. &..,I- - IA. *F"#fAarh Goav 

3111. A gsttw,..vtst 4 Q(ibe"sts 4 Msooofo.... P",, oQ F.1 Not. NOr.I-711 MItTA". AO IN&3 

Psontirii. T..4sniral 111. 1esins \... tIN1lt?, IflI7 SX~0 Ri.ssyipton.e -- d l"o.1'stver IA CAn.... P?.,1fix r/40 

(In ni. I lth 1 i.mormst. T.-lism"~ Una.w 11rtms 4-0. 4- Ai 4*4L.r "~ cs. 'r 4. co; v/31d~ C-01, 

317. T a. vesilofwv 4.4 Mvoipw r.0. q/ .n.'-fosto4 U.1.l, Naval Cum Fairl'ty. 1943. 

dive P-vA cvt. T,.4.udvaj tt. 1 ...et N... 3M, Olweslr 

Drpvnva114. T...1v~bir- Crim, '. 1 "wilusmy M..., .4-som .Iiff'mf .Ivlavit-i Cv.. (fr~itvl \avod Ovd-. 

1943.t%. $i~fr Lm isam..NAOIl 0.4 33M, Navty 01. 

3111. Jani.iv4 Pim,...o iv C-ItJ,b 50 31.' .IC HMGl 

* t4~misifethm.I An...vv. N.m.. 112, IIA3, AIftt. I, P1144, S~u. Mar. A0 MIL46 

Jinsim 6.N-I. 331. Xvgv'ifotvair tl.vg.... -- a~i C..., 7.. Ko.pal, M IT, 

319 v 11a.M- .(enp...n Ag I Mrj.,. ('"it". 'Wjk hist Na4y% 1 Si)~1rt. 18 11112.htolu u IOdrsam 

won.. Now.. 211, 34. 311. 37, 42. 17. IP, 3, 3. -W.33, -'0- U.r"4 .... ...frrr..n -. .'1..,vie..vk 07~.. and M~Aveh 

93,14I~l4fi M7371'77RIW25711 ' 4.,I IO 

1 j. .,,g N.illtl Itl.ov. N.L:K13-4JS, Navy 

f,.a., ,v~.vi ho... inmtivolu.. ,,l 1,11"hr.l. 1.lit.f..il. 1) 1 utanisma, 1%4!. 

Aug&4 1944-May 1942. 

320. ft. pairs. vv Trd. 4i $g.v14 C.1lif'r d)O.1.-A,-:. 

N.V,. 72. 77. 911, leti im. In? fi-It njvoei I...,. in.ir W.c lt.-pirt 38 3/ It, .'.uc.iI. 11.1941. 

4 ftvlt.1s a gl,141 Nnw I1* 1 .,,.*it,g ,...~r, Ext . Iii 43. 71- 'i .' IA It, I 

1.1 pi-em ( Jim., .ItIl I,.itI (i I KI~i 

.%litII fill,, 

(:ONFJIINATI %.

Q£L. TA...I . '. ch.m~. 1.~j f ~idlinlte.n Ito- l.A..' WVw~~ '. C.4'inrk. AC 314CO111.161fl 

Il- C. Kill. h1.1n 41,1.1 It. t.iJ.I rnrnsn. AC t"P.Ie' 

11142 ~-I1214.1knem~li.. 19141. 

*.liU It-oll. 

:ýZ.4II. %larrit 194&. 

wl C!1, IN.-n.I"P 1!")42. A 

331 V-*. on .Ipwe.4 $Amoko 04*A"i.. &.p IE.AUt... :93 32. Th. .VJtA-..la .1h.,,-d llhdli.ir VCr-de..Li...i, C... in 

M-h- V 4"U a" U -1a o jemiop.I. ff.s.sd thl. d PA. 144s 4 S ~ i lhws 

S17. Priiir TrioJ in Foo i-A# P,"hosiil / A7,*i K .0.4 AV VON :I11.r2, flf 1 1,411d. It.rput 

Galati. A~C :5719 Qo4' ui 1 It IW. It.-l.fl N 111, U&~3 Mr. in 13 . N. le. G. AMb-n. AC 3u142 (;".236 

4114.IEMl. January P142. oW.UI2.I31, A1w1, P"43 

M21 Fotle - .IpliioinEas4IA #"i.mod A his M" VAL. V'Cn- iN;.%&..W3'~i17 C"i.26 I IWAA.4I 1), Apral 

&..iwt"s .lab.&., V. Si.,,shi-., 

"isi.hob' 

AV tltsN t.AII, (tiltu-I. IIN& 

3m W . *rv~- in .464E, P. V. .11 4L Vbmw .14 2U1f01titG I, 

is Voriog G.'j~A . 1.. Ta~w., AC IFO.I (.N,1(4, .. hllg(,~ 

iU~HlI~i^V inarI O*142 .. V, W IV,--I-, W. V. I'n~q. end 

3411. TArvswA..smn.4 1h.W.!w 11 . I'-,Is..4I giblu. K.,. A. It. I1.idlool.. AV 40431 III. II'.I4'.. (WA. 4iS&I31. 

g.Ai '.* AC INUI. ItI tPO ,WA.12.iJ.&j. Nlirrl, MIX4. 2 '7.... . SO. t S6. DI. N. .1. G. AlL-,,, .%C 4441 C P&2 .4, 

341. Pi'i-nImawr C-4sl..lefi-. - Sort-'. ii, SA.-ll, It. V. ItrA.7114-4i, Alay 11)43 

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ill tlW florn It4 .Jiut line.M. 

OF~r 17 .141 Laifsi., %belie Co., I~s I.. nnd wlnt.'.it mes~stipmwm* rfle 

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tlse lim~-lipplicon dol roilriftiga efe in niNic. 

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13~Ir-~4 Wt1te.-.r F*1,iriqc Cu f~av ne.. Inv'~.ti~cititon oIf riwwjibee p6#6W a vl spis... 

IU41 Trl~igesnur L.aluteurwatwi n-e.&ant nuirinala (no.m mortal careeieyka 

MturTa 11.11. X. J.. 

iOl'U.V-l2MS We.'*ing.-ded. Flovirior Ctwallwistits. Ie-vri..t,litinq to( me.Iteltwkoagmmo fiar u.an st~n Vine"r; 

Lamp 1Shu66n inTAijGs~Iwm4J 4e v.auela,.ktvp 

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Moaktu. M~iriqps pfrparat mama to( pun lim--r' .4v .ash mnedterias.. 

OFM..r-l131 YAL- I'ni~.tivv rt. Pnpnvoai a.o. .Jcrumiomm r4ailmil an. deu~cAxseyI. 

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OKF.1rA-TM2 Climax AW.Iluk'rnmmr CEonmpany, IDevi-.4oonruat u( nwtlwx6 f.r -einiounv~ninw ait lwf-p. 

New lurk. N, I . amtUiEE 4 inoalyI..k~tio amal tiangi.te' aurbunyls. 

Ol.Mvr-iXAr Uniu. C~arloitk- & Carluem Reueimr.h Iovel.I..inwitt u( 6Aul-hani alloys ttooita1bl ftw Xtia 

Niagarv F216, \. V. 

OI-A1.r-1314i flefminct-eg .rnna Camupwaya Iow. 1i~rveltionoornt ul aulp'tl. 

ifiaos. X. V. 

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hiurattol Ill. crnft niariine via.lt 

uEK3o.i-l424 l~ielititrinl lle-e.rin-It laluaotew.rt,, I.M.. It*eIaieweief er,.Ion-fr",ant. rq.fllrifit valornaI 

lAe. Aaa94 1u1n, ('21. Hoaw". fEA pin Itilwv. 

OW 'Ir-143,4 J,,bni..ea .AititmEIatiW,, me. Nx.Itiortiom 44 nEidEE m- gisn tnrrr with ernoeum 

CON F11W NTI %L.

47I)%T1" tr NU'IN11 4 . COTU %M11114. lkkii st $W3AF E: OPN %4.-N4r, o(Arnfnnhw') VIS 

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Iilaskhipb9m. Pion.. - .l~m? ..VI rInt-Isire .1 lmrrn l aand4i. p~wurro ito~st 

4I.I1 on w F.. MI~tae" l(toolmmy. Isirroirstinnt tol I11w Imootlmg ct h-o-ltraif fawner in 

Ill ~ I'l.U1n Ne Move" s tauwm. .~~Iraun~u Ioa.4 .Imod4ew.A-farmng rmota.XflV4t 

jammin-i. N. V. *.a-l-an imwnmmnnudint, givss ImsaneA 

4 a- I 11.arc'mgmopoi. W!M 

1&ubiswom It *4 ok oapsrim? Mrmm nu tut 

I IM--lI~'YN~atioaniz Ittfr.in, HI 411iam~polp. Imultrwvenvot inflplatinot goomwav. and their osp- 

W~mJhrngems. 1). C'. 

I*:~.I:'..N itiwmial Moiermon-o M.4 isalarhic V~qwrti ntalwt, jnmp,.tj~ipiaa to Im..n. (urtwq and 

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MUIloCimwwor~ eat Iw pIloao" .4o imert fla IUsalithir 

4 ~~gahiungit.. 1). C'. 

S'.-wi rA m.... foom&s Inaa ulis'tt), oo.. natoms.t4 atl.-v 10 31 M- 1w4 at #"".r4ea (d.4 (runt e Is. NavyI~jalE 

CONFIDENTIAL

vn-tarv.S 4 LIA 1) 

a wNv kfrn-a 1pif 46 =Ntoi 

ontl In~vsie a i~wa. IeanrlY C ponm~~Ia~lomoo oi4 Relw...r and Ikhrw49 

mmtl.tae DtitilA Nav 

4 111-12 l"%ornr.1igesi .4 M.Il~it.al fwe tim. ('mktala-4 um.4o a- Ila sino- ~itsdo III..- ad fui~i-Fx1 ,latm.. 

(MIN-M (wno Fnain. imliawl~int hwdg nI (;tn $4,walimw 

0144l.~ li1. Sllltr Uhla'I-r few (aijw.1xv IioI:.rliaw (eita 1tAnim. 

Vl)-d 1.xt. 1.40Iife l.iaia-v few 'afilwv .10 Marideic (;tin l#larrbn. 

o")4 V~t. D1ied..o.nwnto(4 a Su6-artootyeu l'MN.~wiarli l'rnucw few Milifltiti anti1 Clii'wimitii. Plating 

ta*Uwn Wj Aiwyaft Mainzw (;mm llairrii. 

(MM7- rzst. (Umwi~itim I'tting .4 VaflMrr hio TlIMl Mardeinc sen lrbrra. 

OD4a U~i. 1411141y. adtw. Pnu.Ik'rn . F'uroo 4 v' It.mW Ia V" in High %'cue-ity .Airm~ft Wcupuin.o 

NO-21 

Nary Xcvivoma flvir 

(16-?I EXf. I~~lk.%-hM.maIel. -tt1lja S11,00t !.ifia-. f6W Oic- l'rfniwa- 3-In. St(.aI. a'a (*u 

()626 hIviwva-i'.rnily Ctin* anal Pnerfipi-twi. 

NO-2I. Ex~t. Advm~ewYS6n ~.iv in hln'i.~.I 14, Ouw Ileatifeg Q1-1 IV..e Klca.g I' hi1 C.Mlewe-ried wifs tIlk-In/ 

MI-124 I).*er'lqeiwanI @o etlonish~em~vein ') mm n.\irmi~ft ('Alanon N, hIfelklire the( Ihi-jmeta.Siiit. AX-)I1 

\j 16f2M II.1flie.ir calaeimlaiealm. 

*Il'.ae..w I - I.te.t.,.r IN ~ aff ..-.s. i,~...e. i 4*fm ht.n.. -,mflhw.'inm 

671 CU\Fll)IKNTI.%L

INDE1X 

T1w md.url.J ifulb-VV..f .bill MT1 %btub ;6 rb. Wio' ill a folfw jg 4,~x gwff~r..4 in a -Jaimr unw* 

.~.wvb~b~a.44 4&-w& vlovirutalin.-I roatitt. 410"417 meuni, ,1d.rillutinse fl4IW44 313, 31)i 

.igml~a.~--.Rnn'qg., tol or of-. 1'4,40r. ftm42ruIVV Willi A1444.rsobvi in 4445No 

.1foevnTY .. 4brmmurv* %0l-M in.., 1411 1011 2M.,203 

mi~salmnuurinw r, Imi.' o *- 4 s1..,4.fmn.s1iu 0 

4 .5.431 ~ ~ ~ 3.d3* tI"32,= 197d -. 

wimmilin. 211111us m~m4mu 

rhb44.44,1-h K 4A,14-4fill. 573. m.4.41i.. 31tt 41&. 413 4:4. M2-464 277 

-4M4114-Um1.I 4:A 3.11. 172, M71 tu~i 37,11, 417, 434 'harmocsum guh1inm, Zia 

An-tfrn..m in cla m... 6 1.bw.h ..- wo,. W2 A1g. 

1 .. mon.4,k*irnitim,, 2414 mnowlmiras boowgfrgma., 254 

.%Ansim. ur Iipwfr.4.. W 4 .U.*r. Katue' .mrfw igun m Ir...... n-oaalliviti', 2113- lp Mi 

,k..imn 4673.3716 malloon; I-oum44..4 iui., iubwi%. Iil. oo avmr .mn guan I,.rnu, 24?. 2511 

("t 37, 40.-,,. pa. 37 Iaa. 

t gtis,.17% 

-om, .aum...; Erba.. gm lanal, 

MI4. imgn MissI.M 

A.%tmewlsi "Mo twm4u, riason. 1-%U-&% 

*kvimn r.or lmoyxfi...ibsy 444Wmom 

A.4,almotfr owq~... lftm4-. 00 431 Julamewas 25.an pas, M33-50, US- 

Awho-huunaim (.w 4.. miwoloviv., mur. 4~. nmoilmilov,52 

Ia 

pn..Wv0 (umalumumn .4iffer, 300 ,rlental1.... 314113147 A-Z Ia~guvoTI+wl4 tun, 74-73. (115-411111 

.1ti. . m.mk.r gu n-artq,.w. Wills Aspommiim 617-619 

*w 04 - slows.bimrm =&jm -*I 

A.%,Iaicm Ihiwu ma.moma .4 pop. in posommbb.s onon.; 331-M0 .'n.mw 0000616.Mm~u. 

or Alm. Nb.mimbr Soo. IMmrmwmua Annmmw..ua... uuw. low in Wm4,ting 1 tiIim..I ganulisluun'. %i.441, 184-183 

cirlmm.,3114% A," .iiv.. )44uJ, its .4%41o4, M3 Iwiim. .4kd cut-, ank-n-mr. 5-Ifn 

%vet-lctomm siub lrmotime mp. 315-319, A%..%12 gMas 3ma Colus. 711141, 13IL-141 

3n4 ~ J..Iubbws 20-nun cum 37-inta gun. 144-148 

vik" .0, am SeMI hraling. 325 .Anliiun'mfm guino., I11"111, 1.14, 133 Intntomvml ....- 44111.mn1., 152-162 

.4hra it-- n -ansI.Iinit I-minum.g 3M Annroimrwring gw..j..rtlbww 11114-1112 Usior fnrilim., 12%1-1511 

ADP~ Mmi .io4a444h4unmism ipag.mnyl ova.Inzm obw. -4 lIykvg..tf.'yn' gmpe. ,.'uir.kLt4 ivvb.63 

gubblawjAmm.4. to lii.-.. v-10 70 

Air Na.h. low ftr .b.imig gums,. IT .1 1211 rail. li limni..gt 44 glu.,. ,Iuinmg fi4m. 25 

127 .&4.Uhlo. gm~prl.Inu li#1 129 

* rffo .m gisqubroweamum, 127 f..rI. W.,jb.-4.b., 11,1-11.2 notflobbul...I...4 qIlati..n. M1-Il 

Ainruenf nobrloismi- com mai bo.~ lmoisti.. nul,-fial. l'id Inmd.w-t Vib, 21-33 

raw'"a M); 471-4 0- .46.u-jev.gmp-1.mI., 1711. .V7-1.* gmvw..gruv.,I pmp S-5fl 

railorl.1 4; 4M.44711-47t .,jk- . Ii..q W11 n.-.,rd n-u.s,,u,,..14,, 012%4-62V 

nimrmik.. .--W_4s72 N-.aier I .... it aiicv,. 001-1 lilt.. lia a .4 of % s4,4, norw,.*(Itnu 

.144kG.. lo.4. Ifes-i:-a. 17-4011 .i.-4-, 191 A1 

,-I..w...mm.1..4' 4'521 ,.4i11 0.50.11 gun ..... g rawI~.I..(.1,...CI-1 

Id?, 410- IStons V~4~.44 5-libal ... rm,. ,.I-itu, NbIn Inr,..mo, 57 -C 

wi ai-4 uw11 - ,IM r x-5o 

Ilbw ril-Yo, -j-,--,- w c..o.ýi ,3 4 7

6 ~4ra" ''M 

pootir troomlowin~, &I I i~~~-~i. 'mat .ý 7H* l4 X-.uy eoýninem-a..... .4-4. .o. 2.11 

I.164ir. .-( Orno. ita'i. fltlirin" 9-1 

oie....imWld~g n.-fi....iot .w 

milke 2..ic 

If. ori,m tuooinip 

11k.,~ 75 17? 

Ibm4...feri- 

"hitoi.r An1: 451-11A 

4 

el 471-472 

79.m~u..r-%3 "loli..(. "1.'lu.v .1.0 1 t..j iw.eb 21 MI 

10i. mawl nmal'arlnw, VW1-455 

1%.we (ru-iw.. .1 133 Il6g01g d..new. r.3- If!$ tro..eenm-e.-ai terin 337 

.puem..ip .4i "b+ = ill. RZ f.tudi losq. kmh~. Ids U g""mt1, IMM. us- 4M5. 

SeFW[ Oun .hvik'i"t roontro. 7111 Mu.... .4. .agei -hhlr -orstng now so 00644b. awl 4.uiii.iiI' 477. 

-. m "O Td ' MRl E .tww..eIMM 7-7 472 

-.1 or-, 92 ll. 2W 223 4 

frminwIqil... 4S5-455,M-7 

"" 4 nmzi.wy 70- . 

1a4. %-A-igwt~ Imai. pj,~7 ult L-0 .0' 

Aw 02 -M3. ..bewor. wain-oo is sir 6. 2170 aim mi- l XM 

lwa a mt inena. 72111 M W12 .e4nan~iy .'I W.Mknil"- pr.n'ile-ti msen-ieing i.i1 n 227 

poa fpo I- , flwntm, M6, PIT MI-11111 Spi,,fa'.4i42h.1 

reI Sn,4-Miweui tin cm. 74 frajo.4irv lCtmn Iiri oni nsul oleimi lVeir-ftroionun-r'n,-imi, 2102 

1..u4n in. -. ruinwi. 721 

pp*wtiki- trrnie in gum, C1l 7X-72.k 

phof~mer.jl v,77-171.1 

74..e.12. I72M 

ehnivvi..ne-ti-61-1. 21 M, 413-414, 413P 

4" 

nithloiaol retools wi.ik~v ign, 73 I'llit. mi. 2262-IW* El. w .it fillI 

%UK 9anow ii.i.K fQJ22 122241f226 Itiveint rue.. I 1&117 

2.Ri1aii. .4 on" I.. rnt inana-lw... .2'ii.e . *a ;I~u~ii 2W jwotp'elih.' hravv l.ro-..m 3A.64-.4, 471 

lasibi. 7il-Irl' ING.IN snlte Aw. iin~w-^rnna..M 446-447 

awwb"e,.ia-*e. W014I Hlead, loni.ew"ilt inernio'k 4501-472 

Car~~n"" inn.'. 76-77 - P"44116lafl.et,& enlenift th2wi, k~nn.It-At,~ 447-431 

ce...grali .v, rotor ieannorv var-willot. 

~Mn et" ionew.. W2 

~isttoaS. 

ItaenI ,.I Viammn gn 1.*.:.,- 2u 12 

lIniMi.M~Iq'4 (nirlwn .... 221-30 j 

o1itnm 4pon sil 275 fe-nm lim - 

laki p~m geni n431-4A 4W& 

3WG 

Rowng poneji-ildir Iini12, W32-SU 

puno, 77-78 234 ac-rli~nml. W44-454. 473-464 

IMeMeAI& fblenam-uwo 6.194 M 

"..umia..., VC., 15.7 521-ý* miuti! N1.m, 441 

aw~iawS.v inhitfer~iniii.t. 112-U, hg...nn aiein..vnemlinge.iqnip. I'arne-1,. ralilva' .60 

132 sa-. 62 clunwsntiIui.heirt, 472 

hodWralsky. x21223. 'S-'4i T-741 frhv. 1-14-439, 101-12 of sru,L 4310-437, 472 

rsnubai..e pernwno-ot-v, 21. 214; 

"ewint-to-ont. NO, M1-957 

Platior.neee.ne 13(1-139 

elie),,or IMA-M5 

ltmin-lot, 4...egii. =-.117. G1S-617, WO0 

t4i-n.in ien"", =-606. 

nRrolielic a:fi~.ui., 63-E Mean .4 tintu, 220 313-615 

voreniii. Go it 1 .,ji..elo. eebi-S6 22 2.6- (0ea) inge p.ei4. 6113-6117. 630 

Orim wa--s. 62, 22-6l nwniefe su Vai. un, 4W4.%-3, 4SA- ftvlbMoufruL4 euin-1 line-v, 506--"G 

n- ni Hi,.e 252,11-1650 SM Miieg, .1215-57 

tliwew .4Ii.een~ine 

Intar. eV.l- 73 

i um, is aneihuemee.Im, lu 

41111-4111 

vaiwiuni. -*122-512 

!2e.n'S, Iirriv eet 

mv ;iii.,. rut gun I..iA 

ibnge. ...e-..hr, mni in.. 7111-74 

guno loe.jethl onth2euxiclo,..-.-. 74 

hpit'i 1. ~ii.. -l..e.e7-141, 6 (1222 

a-mmw. ii- n.., .iuezh-.en e 

trferiinhge-.-Iintoh., 2116 

*e.Aiihg ruin'Sh.... 12,241-211 

Fj.a 2w,.4.*efiw. hCAI 0241 

he-eru. 411 

HareW o,-,,,e4 

-st-4 roto i~ee hleyul 

Il~a.. -. .1 h- ift 

-. Sne'. in CUR Ilwo.4m 

fil 6-ftlivielg 102. 2114, 2222-12.1A. 'l 

4eG 1Slai1.- Ulo.." gun, 3n5 

Vwwo.an peni, 74 -73 hmy-nv* enatlei. Kiln, ?1-2.3U, P.vvIIhurm, 22Ii,..-,rn-lotn-... a- 

* ~~vn~e~grisi. It'e.p-ii2.- 525-527 inat-hie.. peen, 4431-500l~nne noon-unenu-eie, 242 

nvoo-naro-Si re-e.e.......I..e. W.4.. iwz6-4~2-e 

.~,~e.e,,..e 7.1.7, API~-Al5I 

-doo 

mirier.S'e, 4702 

ftIT1ie,1,iI J [.3 4-ioi-412' 4146-491 

Bl2ack , m.I-t it, psia. 

Ofli." 'oii "I~'.n ZAcei PS 

t 

pl,.r ~-.p-eeel.. 71. 61*i-frtlI -1-W~e i~o.eeer. 476 1421.-- owl, Kn ?4e-ee,(, ?P43 

ot-tee-nwe. 2163-17!. 473-4m4 lcdii~21-... Imt' un n.ieecnooafl&. 

ii.. 63 vilm..-ely ritn .ccitoee-eiie, 4e04 

6 ~CONVHI)KNTi-AL 

e,J.-.-oliI.-, .343, 5.5-SA 

2

*I.Nf4(.Wew, l2nl 131 .ue.- 4-1o"011. 277. 2M1 I1olsemteing tuar.now* 1ot 

*h1:19e~. ~ 11.01- "f.e~ iero. r r".4..0 in. at-.. fkarlm .. i-el.o ; 1eAl 

1&2 1.3I 'd vism; Fit...t. parishe.. its Poll "w.4.4e I.-Op. 121 

oewil".IMte - M.4.Mev .4 the posuolobm, 6~.. - ýbmetem.. CeMr 

tit 01:1 u1e' 1.11 Pho... (fdeswm'essatei& pn w-:.ze 

ti"c of ISMb., g&m lefr.4lW. 13) so, En.iv-6,lo-ne-mu4ceat.te. S4w4 je~lewtcetreee. 444 

rNl.1 .4( s-jtAnswluw-. !.I 1 till Gior %lft rn'1.; $ecIitc.-, eta fell te..c with Sion Iondw.m' 61l3-414 

boml. 6.-cr.w.3g I lQe W..telaw, Is4t-w-euiee Ift I'hejB4'ihm 

13503111 e, 11hIlon e .. *-.bf 21 -'-%. V' 

I1411pl'.. lop.t. If". I tit nue-iug rift27 .csminr coswtal.V. 31 

Mon, tim~ wo..6tglet lia .". isss 1311 11.1,wcwlm'' 3193 1 iti--ewlaret..eg 2222iag.b6 

In,a. halsI...ie. lirneage. W133 13 ncrleq.i.,e too".ee 2111-246 jon-sa.n'-4 rer4 tw..-. F-4U 

(nWA I~MI t1mo1-1.. 1-13-14 rae, .4f bnotaemtion of tteeoif.4.wof raue. 24 -29. 

into-sersivin nooeI....I. 1314 M1,1 147, 1Amy.* .4%wv, 211 

ale*waromesel. 

r 148 

its T-47 pru.. 144- ,,.losswo I.. 4i'.mem. V2I. WS M1 

4...-, boon~eg 'fill '1163(tluesjle. pst~eift" .-. 34. 133 

navunl&amU'Ul. in 34"t. t . 133.s. th~i~e.o 4 iran.4..ntue laye'. XfJ- a 

144 31 Cn'l~wr~d cow 

uitneroeewm itngsr-rc~naew . 12 *....issin.t lommol. 217 at .6.hea-lsi, eranU e".; flarverhs 

pep 4 ar or 1 Insistt. 1328- U1.4 bwttt-.detela.. ,pm ous.. IM 113 elil'. ;&, Ithem.& .mlih AO 

tieoilla, 132 20,13,46 314 ile4e 113 

a nile"d' tVs-it 206 

ommnuw. ewur o l.I".1so. ]:In-IV 

lPhar ~elpup, t+4~ireeu1. 4-A.1 

.wr.Axiiiin waith .-nwi 

*4444.32 

fiGe. .4( gum. 

~vi 

44'", 4046 Metxzh. et4.-j. A22 

o~ eat oettin mosif.tm 3W0 

Done. Iclmnti~us. 3:.4. .S13 ei~ovi .4 Iitwe-ueetaw eittseteyo. I II - C~a~allitiniievie. hois~ ss*m&.nýUHISR gum 

Iltat' Iatetih.. 11t7 Its honiliqg. 102-164 

Now Arts~itsg IM Iu,,at. 24111 2M1 rff.if .4 oea huh.... 113, I=3 (ut.w10m.,ieigl...s.A&4.t,j*.ej4 544 

obh"+wiqnu..t d4 :,aeisru-mooe 2443 

1c-9it.g jwjm... 2161-21 

effe'.44 . imIsimiectv. 114 

e4f.eý t .. nuq.tie e ( .. oosa I .. 

Canteens., Autteniatir tl23.mms 

.. - ette J--howa 0-1am an 

lier4,~te~e 4 tte'~.213-211.. 231.64 voith mae" .silt4 '-M,;eV.l . 272, (tion tulluw 

ý2114. 21111. 277 211371113, :11111-3111 -v- flume.ni too) 

ruoiece-fin- pscm. 123.n 2112. 47.1 

m.intl..I4t4 iuce... 2111-2112 

111enimeem.S I IN. 121 

R%41 ieg. I11X 114,'M.27.311 

egrtttremea.t' rmrq 

More- ..urla-, e..ej,Iteg.c 217 -2It 

A"~,.qejti-rng tcwo 6t.6, 2114,' 24 

Ite.eeneulem Ieeweu as...tiIleAt .4 

k-eetneinitfic 61- 

107.112 

Varfoi.e., 113--34 

rhldsniej,.e. 234l-237. Jzle 

dtefrnflowite, IMl' .- oeveaen....e -4 lowei6Iescl, 112 - fcenaettceeo, 272j 

trn-m~a is lu 2511 2.14 VuI.4ur tellvoiLe~ l(. inon, 233-2311. ?33-2.. XA1 

retotietn, 130 

Door". muerfan. r,eitg 2711 27 3191 

Kienwriatow hooe il.1%~..g 

meat- 274, 2711-271 

clr.~. 1 I~eIpi.c.. 213. 410 

ecctrapI.A.etIe..,,. liceoltri-. Z27 

.icme.0 .'.~~.. t~~Iet mos.I. 

etw.. 113 114 

M7 lie. T'u1a..eltil, atti Wane. .,t-tltee., 

Ill 

llr4~lh.Ke-r-hoss.c ande Ciitri-i 

~ ~ cells I21 ltips -Wk13 

n.1-.I~ 429 

11"'k4, V.17-2.3 

tcelristle, I)l.42 5,!72 'A3 620 

VCrorato reeefi."Meiov',1.1-33.2lo 

Cal It-ect -1111tI11-6ucte let 1- Cemo - 33- 

2143 

1cct ce-c, 211 '213 

listt~ osoo .0 tfleew 4e 

II..lt,'tcr ,ewiciio.I 111-112 

A-'sloss,,. lire Ilil -I - eel I I 

(.dooet ,te.ee.,iek. vo.te~.im w.ithc gun 

A444, 

l4l3,2w6 

lemk.gsceic,271. 

n-reeti..t .4 ,..,lfrcs,t -~ %llofls~ t tpa gott 

sotoA., VIAc-3 

lettett.e. 111.1.-j101 113 

I.~c~~-.lec.ce~r Iet. I.~t,. It 

6ý01-9e~ '.4 Kilc% 61n-6. IM!, 1 l 

attbtlotece a e. l~h-n.,*.-etscc cI.. elaep, 

?7127 1le.er..r4 

i..e . J4ir.8 

caI..i921J. 

4ji 

CO 1D

intl...t .I U4&aIbotu..g 

w~yl.4I..~.~f ?4 

~~.f~t~ .n4.. auinl..%..4 

M-~. mqmmtweu fin, gu..lmn.. 

nAIk~wn .-usa.I~anI..421 

4i.. 60..w.- 4 *.a"a. . rI. 1408" Wnpoil.-M.a aid Im.4a~retir, 411 

do~i .'.,"fit. 41.11, 417 

fail in am's.i.. 344, 3^6 400-. 

f- 4- luWag, *12-M4 410,#M4 

meo .a,., f -04 2W dVwievor . .4v $PWa. r242* p~.4 swlei4 41lu 5 

604--AC(UW Wnd."It~2ime P91LX Arrinqu !-al lma. lan. ro M2401 nm.l.1. 410~mýf-411 l 

%~rinar~ %Ilk .6orface M"'u.neg. jifa AR aulalima 4!Q-4-#4 amr~t .tmso, 277. 404 

2W ~4.10 lw.....4me., 4213- POPS4 16A.&ii.~ li"131ga6m,.416, 10 

ew .1 buador.4 "aso. 2 o ý 1-4 pann oain WIMIa .IA"& 

rgmq..d ".for.qafun., 31u43116 aeu mw"u. . ~.. .-u 3rI (ilvwin~i#n.4.Iafn in hanm.a, 41 "l413 

a~inweab.-M .Wtu'e. I11.'uim 21144-i Ap 

448,r~.. jil 1ina.WOW 3.14.A17- rlic.3 7 

tert!,.! .44 ,k-tvn,,uslo. 341-219 

Cxu 

414 . roold", -:,o; 413-414, 4:4-471 

4 avnkui...a natirrusl, in rriwirtI gun 

mar,, J 254mmw' 

iniooimo 316 

n1V4g Wviin 

ew w.t& 4n2 

*I4nulamontspor 213 

ggeome r.4 . 4 111- 43j 362 mnpr.0A.k. a4120-C01 

WINn.32 VA ? 24l~a,42-3 Varmato cominL. 321-303 .n--a-m, 21-1. 216-217, 24-1. 2632-64, 

nu~a~a.43l-4425 WrA mmi% VA3: 76-1 

n 4. 49-40 (lm inkaim OMbrasi P.inW". 39- fins with. lww nuwq o prujrtl..,4 

Imsoca gas-a an 

Cua~~w'aagRoos nomau. with gun .6uM 3 Imrmv6'Y M4rita gn h!n.. 414, 411 

('afrtirrk firng ran.'. 76-77 -- 6- .a-WIagj Wrm.. 343 awt so 4W~ 

Cacawr lnef4ituiRoa Wa.Jintgowo. marluis pam. 33. su arlihwi .4 Ploading 411-413.,4^ 

Anostur~iI. fr41.t.-lWuA. and Chou. (hn..uiaas aIIkm., 3110.3" 41M. 4ILS."4 

WMDmnI.. 114 Po lw"tt'la 473-. "1" 4" MW Seem 33M 

a .1 .-b.n~ph...l .nnep.' 410-417 10411M 506-aw 6174616 

r.rmantcsall lalli4fir Snagfo., 7(o-W5, went biftallIa v, 353 Mir"ldm-.lnt.4-, 413. 4.30-4M0 44&,wo6- 

162, 1 w-m 1ih44....0 &"nr. 3s1 471. 48"l14, 49e 

pm IMnr4 Ii..-. M-724, 338 14nhial pinqm"l..) 3 pomp plating, 414 

0114ik'. IlW .. uniM.4.aa~ inrWIskarat, 337.20i-303 -jwfiroffhca, 413,46 44 Il 

A~wrvat Iwvrfl, 436-472 ntwaay ftaaWa.L'1f..g 'a xsU4U, .,adti...imu. 413, 471-484. 4914 

Caning. umri bad 484 t.-tna-mfulu--tim. c'urve-, 441 

Moainfugmi, 342 ihomainrwaial r.4Y-ot "nw4afte. tlu~e"WallV-alw..d Parfan, IAye., 243 

fr arihip3 V7, 3Mil,3 U% 4315-3n, 4(41-40 (1.nainium:platrl guamnv*,4,Sa 

INN aa'-M. W1 (hsmaaqm aJIAv. Ponllrs, 16*4% -U l..4a, 400-461, 

vaeumman SM a"Mosaae... 363 mnArWTI Mellourenu-aa., 463-463S 

Carifairna er~oks 0 ekmail s I nne.ta. 34111 aaomaamustal.. 462-443 

aPperstth up fm alIdinp. 233-234 Amlitrdasatm.a 354 Krieg sw#4"rr,% 480-442 

IV440. =M king -m. 343-34 F!.. poop"w of$ 

(.'Otmlnilr ia --to"fr scum. 233-257 nirrhasaawal 4injqa-vtaa 3s laretforaa in. mu:.!.. ekwily "An ey. 

daiwngaw...wat 1.y at lacluag 04"4, mwCfrlnm.nmmag.a 3f%6-3(0 r41r Mir. 482 

462K53 226-rn fri~aaaa U. ai.kY" JPA *trn.a, I" -1.mf'ha 502 802,00 

"f-atinrmfetmiatatun.. 246 344-245.3.ZI, 367-3121 sars-ia, 4412-404 

naft'.,,.,-a a-nal..234 thrronala rrw4anuip, 347-3416 temlua-ciagmjr.-t i.a 1'tr ruo, 461 

C'rnfrifugal in-nuli '... 3M.-362, 321- (lhrmin,,uns r'arbaole 0%. -p.hmd gtum.. 22- ri4..ty n um-tm"-n. 443 

nwrlmrt.m an twircrm 44-. 4174- fiwnsmi-al , 434-436 awruraay-Ii(r, 403-406 

47S ('uip-.! n..g.-ne. 4.U4-035 aOlvaami9u .4 .- uk.-.I must!.', 466 

*"a-w- 

ds-4rli't..in 6.mnalett suno, m4afa. 43C joxes-.. 4A86 

Ln-aa a.Iut.ingun 1i.a" a....-.lno 33.07. 411 -ftar atifi rnt , 4617 

CONFIDENTj i.

. .. .* .. . . 

(1e.rniumpfd...I gtu" IMMn4.. 10..4a r.Jamo, 127 Al"Withow r*w .ule'lb.d 1.0044b. 48S6p3alst. 

4P.114l.-t5w 125 449 

kwI 

-. ~frifr-liew.I RUS rhove,"sinaet- 

"rI ON"lft.mb 

(1.o,..m -4-1. grm l-sm-le, 470). IsS 

1.gqqr ..v..wNv sasiow. uw in s-n~me- Ihug K..lnn,175-177 

I..emgl CAN. Jmp naiu.inu. n~juilib. Ile 

OColq A joign IMM4.. 1.33'.V54 dmgsfultelimas 174 

C.3 q- im.4ft-i' Aw r.f- tvkw-b --( . 1E-Iv " 11mr, , vies. 211 

4Ithsmownvpl.. Me-"", M* L3m.~ 442 m..vu .rnsmism two-hwi.., 225 effl4.4 yaw. IW Ile 

Ciw-untim-nttul .er.is i am pi mmw.i. 353 4Ioi, I"3 

91dn F~io saus ,s2.23 C*l.L I*fff.m 

I frulkW,.4.IIag. .572 

ZO.37 ntst;"OIsdirm Il. V13.13 

chnw.unon in4ia.g a.4 ms..I.. ft-, uun (vml-nsw.d h..m. win u.. ~ olwmonm q~.il 

(.e..n.. ,..'.inutimimu 4-ilifi. fi%-m iiglf ý b ulflv i 

pl31-Itg Cnqml 'onquwi W, Efrro lhlh-t,4. mI Is. . 1 415, 4 283 

fl~ns as44o dwm sm1%imn 411 

awqmw 

heM -30 irameik.1-ihu-..hr. lin 111.443ll 11..SS3 fl.Il kn 4I'..'rut 7. 

Ph"$" 33r(aakb Codulvany i, pig,'.lm 24. 113or v19 

(..haimg 4134frblel 

(*u ol.'nssu -u ~~ lil!. 

(ve4.nis.. X^ 4;mu'aa 443-.bs 

.'sem,s ad I" -l2 "27 

.44 flsgnmi.27 

.Iamorak . 2slree,2 37 

(.Is.see'gu in', .0 seleee .infon 44 lkne' W-1. 612 -nwhinx 249Isrvra- 7, 

C~~~~~~~~~it Iwbornm'isS,,~~m in, 

n..e t-saf. 371,3 79M40 l 

plantmes snmatnnI,04 

livowlees .ar4agmI.ne 1. 234-4- 

' ts~am -meu4. nm u 

ljsthrAekeeue 2372 

277-0 

W- ae f--oe sllis. sm-nomiwss'm 317- 4 Cuws'euv+-mwtrSnw,0k 2 327- 9 

341 231 s', 

ICeyelqaml fxle ' We-w'eef~ tvast m wikseseth X-ra p.sde'frami.i 

C.m m lmr,34-4.4 C r ises.. tuanne'., .4 Iifl .M 7-M 13n4qvqi. of.~ e 46 , 4, 

Iir''U l'iss (ii1s-k.41 Ils....,aw 34. yitw 021 1c&4eoi.aed msag"il",u M(1nEJ61..e. 

Y 30.1-30 rM.4 M i. ,'rfio.'e 327sl.'~unpal.I 432 m's1 " it ),.niespac;Vp 227 

I .. e l.lilet ~.NSA l 121-f " .imai..s X-lrtay 2I in gum efe..eti.-n ii.., 0pow. 

11rrowein 

t.. .4n Wu-e 1.e..g21. 235 

4- iiti2. - 

smCONul 230-230A 

661

pm 3 ..vm4-.1. aim.1,t1106i-W ~ado"Il "eA...... lv+.mity* 30, 31111- .p.lfr,.m pm Immll,4. 3mallwl.blMm 

4lK'. 417 )3.IS13 

1mq phes.. II. 274 -4 Vrlm poa-w 

ft~f..aum, i 6bo, 417 4111 as 4111 .bwhwm 6.01m~mu.&..m pp 

fasmalwar, Ilm ui"Onfmowma -wpm-. frUlw. zu =M. =. 

famspom 417 ja-mf ebovna 4.4,wtinu. =4 -n% 237- 

P61 041 412. 4"kI 404 pnims .gmussnIus I.m-drfk .6,% 21112313 

F.odr W- W 4 mm."' 0 . . :%.~h 210-^3 od., IqT? VKI =?ZX?~ n 

WwpwI~il b.'w Otto PiG 111-2111 Wbni9 twa'.'.. 2W02A2 Uls, Z17 

arasmwxl U.. 1 aa~bpa., 346 PO ,ww". Inl W0aba~~'uwasa4Y.b 

itwap r0.3aw~m. 3K 311k2W z';7 'u f~we 221-2W2. 310 311, 222fmtw 

Imismi, Wpwm 

Ilmeiiemg 311 asims" .... ,gan. :1417 :mo. 2m2 33, X11335 

iw~wy -4 in..r mbe adbaim -d Oe, 1w. 2132 21ti. 2111- i'm. .4 PAW. m&..4wm 

Lin us". 34*:4 bqr~* msup,4N- l 4 

6w Auwg ask. ma- i* m W~Op IM-271 Fm ~dIe~4OW41 

how inm 6ItK 011 -44L 110144 SQOO hkrw.", 237. ZA.N 234. :so .. 14um " f. P..dmbl. = 

16 U1,41 V& bafiilwf 21:1,- 214. 2n"-27, 414311 

-. 30'4em" Im+,p-.tb; mimfoem II~I I...' olmoraw. 2731I7 gim.ImumAymir ,..dkbt'.etb.e 326- 

V41.pIn ip0. %toN'.r im "lf&.6I *o #46" .4 .lmaimmviaa.plr. 204 N34. u--60 rw.IW4- In Sm ime.... 244i18-ma 

40ri..249 

. m 

sw b.&a... 173)-274, ii~l-3t1 ..A 

kawk-.f4 

pm aemi i4., 230, 

ma~nw.." * 2" IiviAras" II laos .fm. 233 21G. ... mq'aa. 'd b.g mbamd 4, 'b 

0mr hw.', 111 S SON-. 27- 7. ha4 Iniwtupp2I -231.4 

mma. Iahow". Vs mwemrw IM.'~e =u. 33.' voIrpt"A.e in 16t ln3q A 51* 

.4mo.. Plas OW, p.4ww&. .Am 

n0~.eV, :101, 1117-2t 

..um.4sli.ath -Ilk 16al O.wa4.e~me 

tC-m, Z~2" -in~ 

4,6n4.14. 314%3 

' -. 2a 04 

WA..w 223 an..' 

(art.... 

2W 7.2 12" -. 4 

! d 

Vam fleAw.3gq in man 1-~.. ,..mwyaj 

1 '.. =4-2x. 211.41 

' ~~b2 thrs" I. .~4, nl-23S, 

.h'mmIru i,,.21 

hW.ym-b.. K1, ii. 3m 30,im nAnadPl..6a~r 

.qq" fuo.2." m hlib .wr 

601. .9.... 1!4 .w4 P12313, M7. IMl afure Awp "Vo ,.n.. V104 2u 12U 223-25 4 

471k WI sM4. IAn lema .n. ' *aK~ ?97. fou-im.1aonIdrws. i...w...2316 

NOWai -vllimm. PI1, '21V 712 oue.P :A .I.e..e I" :ra, - rolma. Imovaurt, ine gen I..'.. .j..nwi 

P-4- PIP m. 272 275. 20 .44... :a samwhes. Ktoe..'.? 221 l afimImiale. 236 

313 311 1IWrt$ I '.1.1

ZU *.fnf~ .. .. ** .. . 1-00. .... Rion p r. 1. 

. . . . .. 

tW41,60 in." se rsg.k., 81',.13 251- M3 I#" E.E, a-s )o--m-.-f.E-u0 l8i.iklO. 

to4.51 _-MVnr0.ii4mool ,81glfrfialp,.76I no 313 317. 212- 

inni ejoiru.8.. 11'7.1 fwevoirol ftoWi..wq. Mil 311% 3*8 

.,.mn ..rxr....* .'2. ±7 2@-1 o 4 nwnsims osm awlo.8l, 2683 I8.8..144- 4..iu4 01.41-406' 

48111-4311 3A. 33l-&12, 3368 3141, Jift-487 313-322 

muM hilvih.l. 1141. 2.2-51M21 fodoh allo-yo. jilt - K17 frw meP. .4.. 3J3M 3m? 

mum .,a.xk'.. V73 . *b.imlok or. rem US 224in M3 

lwophW ... dI NW. l WM 

"k .1. 2 .4on1ui.l.uoiune.. 4111-4814 touw.*2-332 

mum-wt ilo. 211. 2M 315 rv411"InoiI 343 35A meihbionow, .d Wool. 3MO 

rnDW.Wo00. 2111 ".nooli4wu,~in nofvO.14 1 

.beo1uershwso toftwium 313-6M 

n".k4 .'rivlu1h. 237-2311 awuwmi-040 vi. 31.%,371, Vil minigw. Igor, 317-316 

mumni-k-. W-241,2018 m-rifto awn..., =3 twe a~i isp . isr. km4. 38*486 

wt.1-4n~t8. 24 i 2112 avoinohmofr m.131. 371-330 aamwu-uill-i.310-1 

l3'1.we.. ;dlir.. s u Im..iut U4,6n 4 1 anlor w.01a. 1.31. 401t±8 mmw .4oalsi dwasowug 383,31*41 

moltalo-w, *2.-13 23.1153.*.rb. 33? t "I X3U7 ing firing, 3 9d321 .. 

£84s~mf~fvkhja'. 83 28.M1."o4uri 334,rns 3388 SU41 lworobarr 258. 38S , 32331 

Srhmrl..wifroo 2 -4 Ilhp"aml Imvio.r8vio. M 3316-3411. - l%.rnWw1v. r" ,.~uo 

rimonmiumonqlaor-l guwi, W4t 13-414, IVu46y gan of-4. 4ON 

S233 fologdm. 334 I..o4wd..U ,mpm I an(srvv.AW o 

linds, 

.f4..'if j~.UO.ooW.. lM#WkiW. 21? tyloo-n, 338 2:14-221 

8w ~ ~ hy-v ~ ~ 44 ~ 4? .mruu ~~a as.uI. phains im. 4810-430 rqofo.ivm(w, f sontua4laat.. 21 

640ea.4rti-on .4 loon. -adomw, 212. 2848. 

Z2^ 88. v? 

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1gwhgu.,ms, -o .4 uo.Iiiu 2u 4214. 

244 

81w..mumay..sh.-m lam., 24.1-244%. 

2.42311:1.3211 -241-14 

tuarwootiv Ioosail. 24? 

lu-u.fd.4Uol6. in VMVw., 2311-3 

Ion"" kv-. 331-343 

b- tooI NO -s.4 "uiv4P.,, U43 

06 t og 343 

huvanoesu. luO-uhs, ml W~. ow. 

.14m4r. 342 

Ownu4, u0 s &Y. 343 

at gmfms'u-. 333-33 

8v .41~a- toh ,lrtJOwmml us. 

hr .4 ..Aw~riy, go 

Air 84.1wimk .4f h~wn'o4.iI~y live 

j-1111"A, Vsmwi 

V.34.14 owu.~l8 in ~ t&.IU 

ins lom. fneti-.u, IM1) W-133 

Rcvlg..i frtwov. pw."ism4). 219 

Fvmulllrum 

imml aina..4 nvwisis.. 1 

-wmw .. seurlatr. 2 

"r 6-. Fro.qou vumi. 141ut; htwo 

.18wieut8I'. ZK 88, 3 

I-Aitonto n o adm wsuo..riiii.&m "~ sm46 

win. 238-343 

u c..li, gong 

or Ilsiw6r rulila. M 

morflal. 2311. 3u4-=3 Iw~dUnitmm nsifw.m~oftq .s kav 34.-oo3 5?.,'S-."A .a Ia .- looo, gow 

n'.wit.of. 24.uI.- 410,272275. - r-law%+ .311 s".+w suhisor o ... =3 mrvr~w .tiryInin 31104-31111 

7788, 28r-m306 rmldq 152 r .MM4w4.nmg ago, 331- 4"04n 57.-M 

nfir,-l lmrrv a. %,'no, ±15-.Pl? 2841 23? Amigam t4 .&osircd tojw * e, 22? 

-t-l 2M"T 7 .uwij.. ..'A .ns.4umm. pMa lhow"u. 3M) mnuzdh- a~staE.P. 711 

-owli.- .4 .,-rk.-L..p =8 2246 nwmiafioftv- .fts mesu wow Aftr .ia, ines 45111 

tL- .4 ..'pn .l 'Maul... n..u..o,.k eno.msu. mini p.1..,.. 334 333 w57 '40.. taimqm-vo.4owr moo morane, 

",.,mons-. T27 8rksnI .4 na-tal los"4ir-.to. ,. mal 4mimi- Ja.s-Mqralm 1-.n i. Z85-185 

31.iwraiu.. ?:N1 12.1 lorloor-onfiefuts8-lumi, 382 .3 88.1oIArw4..nI- . 548-1858 

.-amloom .sawwo.%W..b-A.irtu-ww, 'Z 2841 u..g irnmlow 8sts .. 0,. vira h wiA wt .lmiif h n '6"0..w Ir- ioaqwsn.. F4slfa-If 

3l31,,,., I. 315, .1.181 3394 inq.8m 3g40, 4146 2 fires. W48 

~.a rurlm~oo8v 22.1.2?. rinmum.4rnn' Ior -in-am- sTm-uLp U's mm4.m8..ati-me.. nousivit-.w. :a- 

Z"8 ~Vnoo-id"-.au. KIM, ..ld.. .31; 23? kIAP 

sm.40.u.. onwl Allow.. 338- TO3 XV0, 44d8 h4it 171- 47M1 

U16 Aglto Uralimon. 289, !V2 =1 338 S8U Fi.. to f.wpi Isru lo-. N 86404I 

.I.rn .IiL-. M,5 2:4, 3111 *b-.-.gus, 238, sue, 0 337.,ii...-~m

V.u%*m. .4d r9WV4 01. 4- g..p.. M34G I44 is.~g 3Z our urn.m4he-s Zi-flI,-qn 325 

4.~m-aea%0. 632 4:40 Witw i"e.0 tiffnib is O~~. miI~i. 441 

6 mo 619460 mm 263 20 .e~1he - uNue RA. A .. h.s 

ff.eMo 384 Goo. .mieWO .Ma"r rsým "Po~sar., 254-Si 

54s. gam, 2.M3 

tlm.. tmwawfUEU4 -4 P..n-WAP 

s- W~isif.i.r raw.. e..aWriomeite. a 

WP"pnmww 

qm~matf. 2331-2m N03-3#17 

towfrnuaja erarq uw 34. pw 

3 

so Vfwuio~m .4 3w., 23 

'-nu.(..m ft~eg ýn'. 226 

vWw Iuig6f~e f.ae.I Imweeeifene dee., 

mium W.My3 434-A3% 

GOMW V"e4"a0 Wa RUN 3a~m. 

Wtpeg~r mom umr .4l urnazi ..arnb.. 40 g...eu W. ~vws with at amaaar., =0 

Flight .. s m ' -.. ofnIt... 1~q~a4 fin. AM uo is*-&& 111,61. 4 t 3M. 

.m.40"k 3M"-IOL, 621-4U 0 1X %"wuv.I pn"I. 'Ad -ý Nhmn.6 grams 

Viwlem! awtl. M 10Its. iW-36. ..J.eegedjo lh.. 140 ie. fewý43..; Pee. .ifleftas bey 

361%4M awugeag.4 Heilo 132 h-se; lMet .uwfan; lira4 impma 

FN HI- I ram PewAI 

.4.'n as gCAN ~Wî~a 2W 

in g,43. 57- 

4;00 fremb W I in. pm, A3 23. 21% 

&AL&40 

ImulpWU with ha.-.. 412 

rimMi gim"6iruV. 7711 615 floa "Imib 

I m~p..m i .4 1aae~rr 

goi. 322 a4.I mm.ew mri 6 cm 

VX 33All gap. Zia,.n...25. W Jao.... * OW pam 

mo Enj..aeje 0(s 

;" ShAM thiFawi .4eimm, 111-131 

V....t 0-. LA* f b.'wvl hipaew . aw.4mm of ham bommulm n $ 1e. 

?.ermoaim prium ww N1344116. 2=-fl22k 5 pa to L -,t- varfam; lh-aieug o 

3boioi e31. mur"we "4 p~epiresi. 

beut dm. g is awmi". n 

364 W", eP-iruh.A po-u 466 

pho IA3,2M.3=14M 4*40-70 

Sm hormi dahums Mual; Tl.'. 

OWmon-owe in P.o bam 

lb. \law. fAeeals feet plopr4.3.. 4e r4 t ý PN, 482 stavouy *e4 12-2 

lpe-4fuli.sof &no. III& M47- maso pa W. a16-ll, 222. 440 blmlbeit-. 6m21 -312 

dfrug r.4fr. 00 1 peteprulf. 13M ion mas uah... 53 hm0aguee.. powder. 2? 

ra',a di64n1.aiaeme oil amn POW.W~ .. rm1'~~.Ire04mp~c .e 2(0-323. M6 

146 

.'m.r' .4l nupf -im 37 

[AMP; f10"WWaaa Wa OWN tala' 01"O 

-0 harwbi 4116-481. 4W 

C~ . fr 1om311r -.morf am o. 96it. 

%6-E 

t13mpow-m i 3rw., 132. 4611 476-477, 

466 

pmw.aime mist Awy tedmmo. 122- 

132. 511 

monou nfrea it-me .4 puatwillb.i 

'amm rIfle.. awaism.'rna 325 

..ppqc "rb. 2A3W 

33 i 

mdsrulg of h.,m, mmufuer. 213-211L 

382 pitsmal idr." USI34-235 251-234, 2613-2k. 271- 

ma.uh' "w....y. A&. 67-M2 1I-042 p-j-Orp.'iop,-.. 66-6. 132 of.ha.. .4 3 W..PCi.. &-W 63-21 -Weasow. 

e.W~iey .4 .Al.-eIila-f pr~eer~dm, IN 

III-01 

-dfii.sata 52.464 

... 

47S-4r7. 440 

coo fr~eslo 

walk 132-124. 

atumif puas a mm-h M3 I'ee'4w-1mwIfammurm 20-242.206- pflues. friclims 

move. ermeir, I'JIA 

eia-aw 3 e wvm 965 

so ! fi .4 fimemeim. rub., ma 20 

.&4cf4i.. . iot -eve .ein .e g"v, 

ýW iiaM. (.t g am1-bt 

Gua m a. iea~we, auttiaowie. 53X1656 

34-emt. gia. 2M3 212.253 240241. 296 dmmfr~.hysmvluitymmaei 

.4vtmm m3. 113231,SWSU Poo "ým~a Ova.i.-.. 242 34S.-L 

Pruaklie 3m.Jiteufr w m.a -d it, A . 4. 22? J.JeM~Aa 204114UR, Sr. 53-546 

i-ski.-.- :A4 e"W-rewe.-..iee gum 2.So (m-.ýPyliy4. l~Ahwaeeee, (.l.W. prurgvoa... p..opcemi. 53- 

223, .N-436 7, M-7113 i-1I~m4. me.Ie41e-ume..I owml -I". Cum. pee..i.. 

Fawa f~el.* 414El mieePW-jda esI gee 3.eb% 475- Vi 3%,.h.. 

`Fv..w4a ..ai-himi g"s lwwb, 471 454 Goo re-.. rewse-i.me-mtI 

$is raft few-k'm twis2t 39W-180 1.3....rieag r..m, 7. US 

WN'FIDENT1 %L

gm.frt"a i-.l .disk", 0'4 

uell.. 14-6.&.L,* 43I13 r in 

gdm lieu-,., Witt0 

!of" iswI 41 **** fr..-Ivomv 

*41.m. Ims viI, 124 

71-igim, 30-A" 

-ý e, WI-N? 4ev IS-mm. s 

Nourtoft flw. 23 

.buiue,4.w, w". soA-" 

ll o~ 44.4lih O...spm. 

two PN4lifr beeor,., 441 

l Ivf4~i. lfmwi- -2" ..- uiE 

Ifride."nw mitt is peMjApmul. 22 

411111 0OW4 

-W 1614 06W onm fftnb 

* bw to 6em o..ow 

AVa-* m~ow Itee-.ufada 14-4- #am; 

*~.An" t vn.*~d cow 

pww sum with, el-'snn BMW"~ 

(6m owhoo IIedugW .4 Pon IMMl ,Ifumsgo ee'msl with 'Sw!.1 274-2113 

II*ue4. (NuMI 61(4 ItyllnIS .uM~k, 2112-294 

Orn nqq-veee Iu,. 0u-fr-o. go Mnq. . lu-me, eIl Art m an m .qidmwarr 211-2W 

.b.W.qp..vteo eewth.Ie,b 216.2 34-2111 1411I.1l HU. l-lN 3111- ,&u4 .nem r.owm'm . ,um oms 

.4miuioket rI!S Sig tomo, 292-2W 

e-ee~m lme"he4. 2A 1,h wie "~e4.k eofemwmm lo luaw. 4"r we gum ..eWill. Us 

"Woupmpw 

(,wSll.m Iffl. ISO. 123 twom~wuit With b"w*'Ml*M..uW of ftsoi'm with Simy 296 

Gumd..svu w tvw y Piir-l". 310-419, 324 l67.mnuaidew tul-4.Wiim Avimw 3412uirm~d..I.121. 

127 pmbmho. au m .,wany .4( Irmat, 343 

amsoviveuf. 124 to. 101.102 149 IIlyi-wvekwuv gu 

U-W.1 53-u-i4. Sll-I 37-mmn gum. T47; 101 A-2 gun, 74-73, fO$-464,6-W6 

Ieime.124.311~3-W4. SO 3.4P. gum. tMark 3; 101 .1e4.iti..u cof a~~wu.e 

taspo-em.d.4 M 12 '.72. WaSo ,mnualefWith fob ,~ " W, 149 us, IS, 613 

.aj -L~bI M7. r2? "Pal imuu to floo por(Mw. ihmqbw.4 PO&-A& KW gd udff 

Cump. ton-mn". mn M rme"ro. 102-107 14 

, Pur--iw in gum e4binto ir mwwibeuAs, 102-104 Fl-a por-sirmn. 14. WO-414 

Goes. vrofing .hw emroolohwflrd eumoriol. 105-101, x"um e 1 raie 303.e.a-617. 411 

em fie 4gm Vi8g 

CAR% Apwvtr nel).., 

its 

huling by~ Mugt ml florall fair, INholpii 

W7&-t.6264M 

Meayttilo' hbu unevleu ES311,31 410-- 

AD Iiin". 337. 43".A. 411-412 ot51mb on""ao, 2L M h...all form i- 

.02Mikws, 434-4.17. 472. Olo&410, i3gshi.114-4 

eb-E 

664 fehymal Ommlywr, for ome ,li mm. f, its Slig0 

S-i.; "m 3-iw. som 

&74n.. 110. 121, 240 

firm 2 w..Cogta, $I-U 

-10 4d ine ewbudm Of ow 

mimmms,'d of ine.s 1-4 

olfp"44"Wu'-Isn 13.7s, aES-rn 

7414ali, M Ito amPeiwv~ r d twrumu% l"Wuomire tIwrweuify gulat Im~bei dnt 

S-b..124 Ihwmig -4 omInw harm m u Mw re he 2t w plv, o A 73-74 

14-4111 MS. 212. MIS 

.11mi Il.-ptam.1 

or WMi Pmt.-umfme- -runwqu-rn;u hamiing is -i;) o4 lemelia I"-l 

1 m. fill, III, (emdluge of MM nes; lima I*. Nmiuimg p"Wtww n71-f 

213 

eýt m J.Abmem swavetmmaw 121. 

"0a 

po to beo snarmanr Th',iW 

Idn- 0sm fim gum 1mw 

lomis ..quiteme, 41-a 

G-emm pm.s 74 

pste- t "Itui. tm*,?! 

H.Itcve I h- j~l~u 0~rf1 -iff, "a-' 

3-omm; em 37-mm goo mwo, 13-124.210 11056-W ' 

4&omm, I IS. 121 

37-sun. 21 

57/064-aim Smesdmw it 110-M6. 

ra a 6iumlm 115-I= 

frqr 1I We-4.um eurum Sir st 

*~a hamh, I o-17.-1 406 

desdm Pu%1* k 

almwftvmin 0-10. $ts-4a 

...uqrumm %ilk Weamnbavo, 1 

ýWO 3*4-5t4A first r "ua lr can gume var olugmN unle.173-177 

70-mm. t 1.), 156- Ive. 

"'I 64 

30-UE- gagie A&=1,M.463-434, 471 

e'Miwoum~o"'d A14 

W&g ehmoul,'ic"ic'u lU-"a 

nalitsiffwv 1"-2 

1I~um, 122. 214, 344-MS llmm W., 223-=24 pa-.,ugamww.3t3-317. 522-0MS.. 

%141mm 74-75. V17-311% YW484, l1lA oveb. 140 coon vow. 402 540,91-4m3.450 

ms-41111. 617T410s isr..,.a p u-nr, 82-n, 93-0 t . 11, 202~. 9 

1OS-aiim, I I S- 11 1., 124, 304 

15-mv. 122% 291, 230 

I4mu, 40-Mm, 53--h 169-u 

lig-ahe. go wam! e- gum, 73lo 

Ilbas.464Muau ffm 

No 4mm4,s.." .mm'soo-emmes, fu 

imuS 19-70. SS7-SMI 

mo 

korfe't 500-590, 6A961 

MS-W 

S 

Re..v-n u fm e,ah~e gon, 171. M12, Iu~~~a 559 .ul41wnrie. 1115-1711, 619-AU 

41-W6. 6131414 

Ips.lra.114, 12t. 133 

Xfark Vr *&-.Ji IIlk 121 

IijM)Wr-tohib. 562-56 

oommmr7 at wlaeeew. 1-4 

1 

fam"Al-u m dr ~1.~e..m r, MW Tms** 

X1bm.m I19435; 455lsm inu E Awela 15,3* M 

4uI-m4pj'

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II.gmn -1.m 1k.,.... lnl164wim 

-. Alsl.,l.t. . h~gmwn-i4rmg. pto 

am 

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311 ~ ~ 

bortnmatmm, ZIA. f27 

m. 1 .~i ~m, 6.m.ar 241 

q,4.i. i~~4 r.mwq.1 

.Md~ WN-.OMM 2*e 

h. Ji f.2 

I lm.m it rug. in vb..l umlv 

t*Lnk. gm. 107-310 

, .gt*. , 124 

A."W ~m .&. j.4 hiluf. II. -l 

IAM im. om ienn'. A-1O. Q4 

I iN a e.4 Amer so hmn4, N 

Closer C".ve uv liner. 22$, 3A3 443- 

Ilnt..&. 3211"m ilm. 1".p .me ... Ain 1u9,. 1M,3 23A M0 444 ") 

fnaw, 4w2am1.nmlgkw.. M3 .4lilwe .4 .Illwi%- im I Ih.nm Pim 

="n&.~~.V% W 1 10 "fl. .4hhelby dlo Jmv Aftv.3 

31%3 .Wao. 233 Coilj-U Zfalmetue UNW. ±lpm-. 

twovmnt..I.&3-=' I". ..uAb. ine.nmmbl clum.. 27 In4. =k 473-u 

.4vmm-i to.L. 4*41oSi V48 Inmtm.'aii.n . 217-246g M31-= 

4 

II.vA~ .. ,n vwq.i~.. ..Ae...4 Vanw. In., .-.P. 'e 1.0m .m 21101 mm4le.6Id Woo Immt~ueg 304-W,? 44 

df.Ildg fllmi4, 173-1711 

"Woodmm f..mr 3"m nn."lt .41 piww 

m4"i.27.1 

-.t4mijo n.'r Van v-wm Ptlumb. 

owimttl Pfrn.WomehlookuW 

4m6, alls0417,2! 4" 

30-311N 

172-174 

~...l(wn~b~et selyaw 

ruso 14 ,n-ts 73 

ng4i.,dw.6. awIn.Owimb'edryla 

IM3174 

210-213, W5i.11 lmUI,&,k 

fawwm somitmw,. e.,Imarigee "wtism 

e t 

~mrn :44viemhs 2 

mioAwqL e241- 142 / 

fit -4 ti. mowol liner. ZOS-204. 

312 

" I.W. inA4*53t 

.ugmort d1 Imfolf, liver, eshei4.h. 

663 

mwe~m~hile~fafuiimwm~. tqmq.mewIU Id 1tmwiftle".n 4-I ai.. (.w.et Win.w mmhcfnisla trm,. 

177 W1-elI 

awmgy. Izm.t33 &r 00wlmel mima .e. fSm.1%.h sand maaes1t~w.. 311. UL4 

1hjmx.p..e4-7 pnw66i % llov. h 

.4iuf* 44 3AM-lPt 

tv. vtp~qt~uwme4 Wwv.. 41I-2 

3.6... on"m. 3111-30 

cnmmiune awl asllmm1 304 44. 

3435.24-3m 

A-far" 

..4 %.lIm.,, ISO asoamtle~ .4.mmdm~nug umehmm...ea, nj..31 asl sin,% 347-N&3 3531432 

(Nino Wl. ... e .4 lImtw.I Imto-GUI 3W0.14I, 1XI-3:4 3vt--NI 

famdom Imn4mrdim-d~.urlEinflstp. MWr-tIW~M malnd nwhft ex~W.. .4 or.amr and .2kw.. 333-334 

gue~emýe in wow.'. 111-1167 fhla rule,' W1.-.14 6bl6mnlims Ahin 3.1-W-U 

ftww w-e...ewmn~l.iow.. I017 Liesmaloir aeelyn*... 34 I-US1 momel.6imlmns, 34.1446,370-3110, 01146- 

.lm-k -orm. 1111-12.IN?- Ill Nav-y 52Kbmi~w *-Lb 617 

lnfem4"... -wrom"seta IM6-10 pIssm lvemk&,,. 343-.144 nowem4-tetal 330 

lft-.ism .jte.. I. n.J-A~gmg gnIimbn.6 *4.40..I . 111W 14ts Iv.".. U11I P.Oe6 S.. M~; MI1-352 

12? 129 w~.e~mm.u.. 1)-4 "Mnmfma-Mn, .14 

Iei-um.., muWmwor"W-l. 133 Jump rali...4 Papr1.,M .. nrh vv-..mnwmmt inewt. Bit, t6" 

hmiwlmIl.Mi0M maw*. 14. 3.112-=3 -3 31 33 

-. 1.lll.lm. .4 pow. inf. iim; Pal. K..rIming Iin.jv..thm., 43.A 4011 .4.4u... 33.11 31el-4ff, ""7 473,h-ie. 

.4 I,.' perve-b"ly.WSW, FKwn.'lm. .V4'din.Prvlhi% 146 4 

iftslsesmh.Mbme 347 

lmbwae 4.lnm.4wom-'uieJ.nm.j i- lammi hormesm. f.w Man ti1W. .mmwo, T El *11..., =35 Ut MIF0 

-Wourr.. 3&M 1.1a. 3I1 oeemst.. 316-347 

In..f .1u"- Le .1 i-i.-.. in Ofa 6d".. L.ak-l14t4 C. .quist. nstivi.g ds.4 ,A 

W..d- P" .-. mmmii,. 3n 3130 

timýil-L V3 -wme fW-.4mone, miae4 nAhlng livemela.s , 

ln... as 40e11, 133.ý 

In. .rlm- s.-.&. n..2.32~ M A. .44 megn W4.. On1 Ielt,,..e.4' 1mwr, 234,33 

.ke e Imt 1w um.Lwa .4-4, A- rims .4 lami.. 17? 

,n1,.-i2M .36kmel 1-6q,.uw N..eikmpj (C-...ny. lo-st .w..t. 173 

.1ej... 2!O-?v6 la.Mo. O.. men 1 .",4--, 1 W4517 IKsst. mn.I U Iti 

CyA.- N1 .#,4 h-".= InI..t~m~1Tm1 mm 27 

W

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p l.seer 

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122 

misq~ss* 

210-212 

4 ee-o' ,mplorl. 4=5. .w...i. sith edilic. ,flsiti 207 

4 

allow 

Ts~,s~sur6 'sfs.J.A Us.W. 

onU" .4 gs.Esb. Xnel sffiff 

4 

Molvano.n Il, qwgwstm. .. 1 sw.hr po3p 2 

,Iw.41,. .. ea ILI~w, 93 4 

424 

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.b-p-ml..bwr mffl".IIt*20 

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,hu4q.s.t. fiklritsL 2W-2011 

,ffq. 1e-" . pto vet ""rf l'"'. 2M26-211 

Nl~imni.w.~ (w .-Itwinne *iffm,.:ý.. 

nass~onns.,u.e, 25725.* 

.,won, orn'tgs' umZma' 

aIllw sillo .4t. 2a,4321 343 

refist ..4 a,.ml.Itn um, 377- 

US3 

.4.wiims we 'lk yu, 211 

L-1101 asei K.%'*fsc1 6 

vinerialn aesos tIla 6.m., 262-204 

4 

NMicn-mvi. ,u'f'~m~r. 1P2.1U013,2M 

~~~ILem.-Jh-jwkv tismmi** DIM2 3130 3322 

.su,.4. (fl.um;" Im.'... 3a4*-3113 

ewnf~In.1.usa 372 

Uuuxk. &lA udF 

efem .Kun dr 6eu.ilh, 72 

Mmmlylirimbum. 7M.3110 ruing 1.-em0. 323)43 Idsutwmiols 'v.p. X12-4103,113-I4 

Is's4 on.sgob sain ys.. 274 ionsI issio. 311 %mszlr. 1u'4.miy 

.rurm~kk". 4;?$ tosim. "~i 4231 th"Nk-tookis.'... p ralihl'. 122 

.1.hav.eh. 420-421 

"me now. UV6-351.0 40f6. 4*20- 432 

amssgslvlig, .4 alift.m 348 

tls'nws -~s .1.1,14 

.4&" .4( pan Irminoi 4. 74 

t-.4 me. se.mmt ;s-d-waiom~m, J92 

mmwner'r~mi. 370-372 34.. gun. f15-411 bermouls. 632 

441Mt 4. I..la-smouw m.." humdiwes'., Ah.40Asb'm~uapm ow UO.s. asths-fol .d mss's.( .i jernw tsi. fill. 311%440 

* 4hank'n.ne hue sfllemug. 373-331 Imors.1et.4 am~fm Is~s.* M p.habu. sol-n-o~n, -2110-201. WINS 

W t3241 - V.J finiqu lal 46~-01, 111 t 

ronuunwmsl pram' %. 370-271 

hy~n~tsomf ~"wI~~smom 1.,4,. 273 

A.4"'dp 

few m,.id"' .."d) .1l.4w,.4.-sdi. SUN. %ollit..am Ileenmud .4 $iscslsn 

:mss'sb. I 

it"Ima-iw. m.wi.-nn ... a" aistmes40 .177 3243 *1=116tslIsIii4r firiolpe, 70-937. 

3117 win-vt m~qs.l lulw, 391 Umfrraft Iw~m.4.,&-472 

1ismitit n..-lhimg,t 3247 3M4 wi~-lk,,,m n lin.", m.%V4sy4c.~ NilA4 

a'ee-Utmli Ils-lmueg in an ,.-lmIm ir.me 377 431 ialkwo,' )3:4-U1 370-377. 400-407 

13e1.Bilo oashing in a" ,v~htamiou s'. .- ss-.-- scme .i'e..mp,, 310-3241 rarl...eyI, 419-420 

leitm-. 3810-40 nsteineg j.q..nmlo. 312 pm. its-e h 34!1-.'V2 

sawlaicic'~..l.* 373-37-S lom.4.es ta, m~eimn 3792,3M62 3214 jobsoilttLWO4, 113-416 

43D-433 .'Ins, 377-37M.,.14-131 chnommount-j.Lela~l, f10301115 

ngp...Iu.'fl'. 430D-432 

wins." 

MAY,.lrInshu, so.me..... mlqmmtsts .kign. 74-75, 44)6-ON0 

1 

.rs'.m-hmn, 42"-211 r. r einjeri..g 4211 vnfws's, 24-1,10.1-510 

.rIeru4 jiaeft'. 42.114211 

cmhini.l.e, 432- 433 

lenin 6.. ~, X &I 3WI, 4702. 041- 

414.aai3mj-lc~,~.4434 

w-1 .lnu-1.1f.h~.. Ijis, Z4)7-UM 

.41ll.NI.pt.. 4217'.122 Ielsktt,-ceK..,h. .la.. 1:11 %oN~ at i ,el~etilte K Im...rc. 4m7 

'. I Ih......13.71I 377. .001- 3X7 '.I.c~wtosl~,-t Wna~.I7 N.' i. e.k,.t- its ,gntpoI,..l cc 1-k-T 0's. 

37,m.pet. .. Ie1 . 1 1.41,4~~ K.j *~ i.. .m.... *~tr'n, 4.1.24 ,4,n72m.-ci...g 

3n.,.4. 1.%a-3.u7 

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i4.61 1,;37Anoknll-,'R

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mrnitiuk.W. 470 ;"""1 notooru "Voo 3111 gmpro'ieh' .wei..iwg... IIII- 

iaw. st.. 4h6 tesmmeolmv6 .4aw .bX1ig 3-1 in~~a I5 

40b~ml-ld4A, 4111,141111 is vou 4 sw-bev. 31 Coma ho VILS- pue 

%iueuam!ii.Iu AIwwuudlsk loss ~ r 

n~oo. firous 14,4o, 4341-4FA 

uim.5-SSM (himw Geopp CaSp-al*Pu, 4W1-4"1 

Ilob.&bir.Jun (I.Wpoom"Oin, 4011- 

BuWt@l WAW~nMPMtP. 4119-41" 440e.I~ 

sommemit-o, 402-463 

know, inMugaesh wI~wr 

thy onge. 412 

vrm -%~ W. 

Gaans Irealta im onme 

4 0-4wrolfw. b,.Imrusif, 1111 

flihyvin.d. .4 pmm, 274-In 

nwomSm '*6w "Es-m3 

.' palam We *i.mr4uimrv1 via Im 

N4% 461-4= 

owintl milisen., 403.4a 10111.0 p~erom me, d'."is4version. blo 

Irnptrea. 044-413 smisimO.h 124 boom. 311 

StSSowfml fr.4, lose , 461 

vrkmioy n uamw.4411 

"lloog rat.,, 116-1 If 

104-0oft Iwwillai'. 536 

Pddfr. IMPrhi 1 y-i 

noona 

3111 

Ni n, mool .himtmm"Ae.mi,.l omm lomt- I~nn & run,% ,s. IA 01, 20 w (hmmswmn prow; FEh~tvuq.lo" 

n~o, ptf-wfluarmr M2-470 4l iirI 4..m ria inolienow, to rasoump;VW~a~-plumor .looing 

afsa 4 .P4m~. wur 0 Oroisvnst. in Rwun nmm. 1111-111 gpmimm nm~m u.li.22 

.4 t" smazir. 46-16* &.ronnal.of wit ~ 

amub awmaowmm.te I*II 

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400-470 Iram~m "a~ ,Jjlv JU n4 4" 

lolryl~oh.s lwJrt4% 40 6 &1Ns.m 49% MUNI,- Mwbeil, 3111- PoawIRS 04&$ ifs, 1a tm 100.p 

prwpAr 4p ragMvl 446 lot 232 

w~ar VmW wvq. W4 Aa NMIqwmNw Wilk Griam lw-SW11 PI.4A.. u46.n moothiir. pom hemm. 

* m y.&iu4&.. 445-466 ..elliru, m we4 ntention 3111-m nb, 470,6 411-114 

Na11ighmil anal r4vumimUj*lmAui 0 lint- fair. 204 pow" of 2b-6 

or*b plows soeoe 4A3 4111- ,aITOP4M SLW 411 ubeenm, SW .w a ds 

mmml, %..4t prier to. p~oiuLu 40 

talbhrw .30 hrmy mlvayt4 471 

26 

Ehym'u. oveefin With0v .iIW 

hem. laumA& to gun, It. WI-02 149 

11011111 OWI. fnm-iteMnMt 27 

rivealling .. "micala, 48?7hw Ovo m .,-4 o-SIumn -,Fu-. iturlara. 3%202 

cr~noolmtopnmomm 40 okntm.5ahtrd 4= Pul Nsft Is. d..s..I nroludiorow. 2&- 

agrn .5wu~ni,487-496 lowlsow. *..pmwm~am iu mleg. iSL11- milm l m,pinioins 

ponrtumlr, 40-467 

ýslh chu..'d rm"auky, 43-l 

147 

Parlhallhm.wrnu& uflhq. .hrhuuimpoald 

CO/COm full,%- 

nammpoqhli. X-MI 

Nitndo.i gun 1.aow, 343 401-4W ovnm fwm-smmu- V24-U ibea bsmisg. 24 

Ntk-in ertmihol Smas Nmoorlii fu s~i" ongp hwm. queAIwltug m-3 

rspaiom im' nuimwfr. 2410. M33 ZU- 

2M6 266PA- 

334 

Iml4. W arts ll.. 12m am 

fra-ian. dJoin" uncoung 22.211-30 

vawt pa tremone, "M. 32-a33,3 

fummixhtu~, 2%2.272,301-X45 Niui flulminot p"WAumm 3 P..mhi p. mia, w~ elfrfla, M-271. 

* ~ ~ mn-mn 266irT n ',A V -. jjrrq~ -. pU nwls,.. *S-n n3a aI gn 6 

nu..4.nwul m"Wonplr.., 2US PAA-IJlifti 4 glut loome. volfoaw, 211. 25- al.giralm far .4...lew 306, 23-m 

Nl.wm.,2OF 21", 319 tube" gwrm. 2W42%4 

.. I- Aw..frul.- in ..y..I.. gu1 vow 1%,-r6 A gle.. .4w, 42 'IN~u .4 hfIoem aseffifo 274, 276- 

23-24 

Nilr-ng. .w~trwqmium into gim, .4t. 

PleuummI nmag,u,..no Iornedr. %wow em pa, lps hars-,v 273-274. 362, 312-30 

4 . hirine..h mw~muumrfwrl.434- pm Hert 60an. 274 

257-269l, 45-241 436 ovali..Iual j..s.& bh o ge uuwlitwnte, 

~ ~ -. ajpu.-4w, 446-47 molplsgma. 3U'* 3117, 32S-327 

... mim...e With PMuIM aw rti...m, Lh-.gi~ pu..s*,14e.i 46 owarng-1. 45-=14 

26? 3. in. gum mw.w.5fl-mm, id.4 -Mmoetiw..m .4 1.'a 274-M7 

.-.. Iae . Ix-n.e.lmm 202 lls.s'vpi in Imlwlie-e wormwa.1 - .... fru.. I..i.,, 272- 

..rorking.. 300 pow h-abe. 274 213 

.- fm.4 amnnum.a. 301 holob-pw-I .. u-tm. A2-XL. i-!4 wenun'gw in.. 

I.rnu 4 mrh.Iiý's 272 305-345 8,,,u2h flak.. WA-M4116,2-94 mu~er guns. T-M72 ?WA300 

o CW)NVIIENTI %L 

mmmopw-- 7."U

669~~~~. 

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nih.IrnIkf.4art11- 

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4,iai.n 

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nnuuln.4611463 Gsa mian aer in gmis p%. As..4 l*4 

em.nn an muzib. am.4tniIy -'.na INOSOW 43e I~.lsydrmuA. 'A 

plaw It%. tric.flk~rardq Vi boo, 

air. ama. 4a3 

4hoke 6ma .ll gmiam 224-M5 

Wis. 4.st-461 

flifK.nwmn-. 4Mr 4W 

35.nm gm Pamsm. k 0106 4 avrb i b owvb 

firiftu. N9-8 I2 

nmrul 

humwm, 236 

lageis,gn4ft0t-ItW .uaw 411iwnig rnrml, 124 t n4n ~ .miimjlh. 6 

'Amraljr1n~lnW un"ta ~. 4WI 

br08-mmi rutriga, I W 516 

pI% mlaw 

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&1Nallnn 0 .4.t.L.Imuzi. al -6 

44i4 S.YnWn-4rv .4 -trwi. 201 r"fP4, .g.wg wAn-unarsUtia, 1, 22Z, 306- 

4119470,b~~nb.. 

in mlawv, 2W0 

Mo. 44M.1470 

k.-qn~l~g 1. 19. 0 &.k-jnmlimm tin muazh. vviii-ily. 351- 11I'.dn...u nuafniti In reailed Cols 

prup-.-isle r.-agvvins. 44 

20123 

late po u mmUlW 407 .b-v.-b arn.u with firng. 111.1-200 pm.g..mnr dir-Ove1 fur macblew gun ha,.al-lwityltr. 

4 4 

A" 44- tagu p wii(ufnaflW., 201-202 re-im. 4M 046-41111 

~1tfr~nj.1.tfl.'gUmlvl mn*-, W Ilimm..b gN. 21 -h 

* a-l. p!.tCna pranwý. 413. 4W- vnatnrala slug W ba No men side C.20 

aLmnli' .irh penWt I. il~sieg. 416 si3-36 be-st tianmnlfto Pugin, 62,111i-102. 149 

esviah-e 30 livery Wam4-. 471 fh m f-atri tamn nith .Itiri 2tV51-271 nnk-eulr e.,nmoutilsn. 3? 

dram.iimn .qIi-arntl.UIU 4W 

thlipr renmlar-ann.P riria u gud . vl~w tutibiVY. A3 266 

vie-4.n1116 W idatmslard 422 l'uwfh-r pit, .4wueml mrquilibimuls 28-~ 

painting 14n-tnin.O5 4b7.4- Nint.. i..nqnnaluf~rwimfknliti11 IM- 4fI,4mv laeuma, 33-28 

Iasiinti preg l.ur.IIY 485-41. 107 co/Cl reailn 32-33 

nitgh ch.k.,ai m~uAzl. 4M*-4tl Nin.im-pMalm,.ghnh.manI . onnnu 32-311 

NilSiiuml gain lin-va 31.A 401 -4&Z-"-i .. rna wemna. Z$4-3&% juiuatn boutnlng %4 

Nal rit.. isna..nnht gum Pnma-..ifr~n. (air ramilng gun" INO. qmurm4aing.3-3 

ima durnag cevaiing. 22. 29-2 

,.pmkin imn. "itnd.., 244. 274. 2.18- 351 rqa-to 

23k.2611 Pami-lulcardec pn~reniwi-, 275,. .19 wafte gon ta-a.io.n, 2^ 32-3.1, 33 

furnntainma. 2 M2, 301-303 I'n".m.Julminol priaemw 523I I'ahtk CW, v.rwnavc .ffreli, 272-277, 

psnljn teum niinrfr.%W1M-ill proirnaefilve 211:1-W0 

266 

#arr I',.-. ngnvnl pruietilrn 

.mraval. Fnvva.nn peududas In gun hom- 

M Snnc"nui a-KnV.ali.m. 2m3 F4J~ing u.S Kunl faurariamcdu 2I.1.27*- a;.painatolaw Pfin.u.Iyi 305-307 

N,4roul.u-g"Oir. 2f.4 2711,319 CeANr~ 'W.K6 284-296 

,er I4-. .'.to ml. in e4n-la .1 gcum t~v-$.tn A gun ..4.-., 493 ca-taking of hume .urfam-. 274, 276.- 

Xilaot.Ilut- .. i-tvmi, b-.g~etn i',.n.I,.lut,. lam".. I.ai,.ie. 194-168 277 

23-24 

l'lnn'I fitlgw-.um lr-Nmii~h. UWv in pro, gais Irk-aktg, 273 273 , *42. 532-60-4 

%jer.gsn gun grml.va giug.. gun .14%4, ,iurinic 64,muriurn u-tlsAmony 434- irun 'im-: j 1nu74 

2g,7.-21V.~ 300-301 436 inalivi-l uni -~wk gas nunsgittigilln, 

augau..a. .hul 2139P.$a.lia .r.s~- 30.1-3D7 

;--innCufr. 22.g.ifupa 461-41 mitigationi. . 3(Y7, 325-327 

no nmrO u. fl.dw ýa r.~ -tW4W .h.-.gn at ..- p.. 496 aitrang- 300-3N 

21.7 3-i,,. Kunl iii-n ,r --nfl15, 

117,% trruit,.wn of gui",% 27F475 

.. a.~g~n. I. 1~ngni-..2.61 1I9,...r 1 ,14Y in 1.n160"a- iautnawli. mialtrinll S nun iim, 272- 

I n.-ku.g. 3W1 

owt linkue. 27427 

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V N KY "TECHNIC.AL REPORT OF VIVI.IO. I. NDRC 

VOLUMEL I 

HYPERVELOCITY GUNS 

4 AND THE CONTROL 

OF GUN EROSION 

orrtci. OF SC.IETTIC tSlt,,Alfl AND j)rv'yPt.(PM1'(T 

yVANA. R BU'SH. I)SREC.1TOR 

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DIVISION I 

I.. H. AI)A.IN, (.I11EV 

W.ASHINGTION. 1)C.. 1946 

Best Available Copy

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