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SEMINAR ON THE USES OF COLOR "The. Uses ofi Color 1' is not -in and oft itself a topic in com puter-assisted cartography. The. computer, however, has facili tated the. production oft color map* by reducing both the, time, and the, cost involved. It has also facilitated mapping techniques which demand preplanned and complicated symbol systems far which colors, with theiA multiple, visual dime.nsi.ons, are. most useful. The. prospect o& increased numbers o& color maps causes us to look at the. processes -involved not only in theiA production but -in theiA design and theiA capacity to convey information to the map user as well. This seminar brought together specialists firom several disciplines to look at and discuss the ways in which we perceive and use color. Viseussi.on topi.cs ranged firom the psychology o& color perception to color scaling far the printing process. In the middle o& this spectrum o& -interest is that o£ the carto grapher, who must decide on the colors to be used on maps to pro mote elective communication o& information. LLOYD KAUFMAN, processor o& psychology at New Vork Univer sity, stated that the average quality o& maps can be improved i& scientifi-ic knowledge is brought to bear on the task. He then described some basic concepts involved i,n the study o£ color vis-ion, i.ncludi.ng ways in which we perceive color. Al though a great deal is known about the visual system, little is known about the application ofi these studies to real lifie sit uations and more studies are requiAed -in this area. OTTO STOESSEL o£ the Defense Mapping Agency's Aerospace Center in St. Louis discussed the 'Department o& Defense's ac tivities with the use oft colors. His presentation, entitled "Standard Printing Color and Screen Tint Systems far 'Depart ment oft Defense Mapping, Charting and Geodesy," described a color identi.&-ication system far lithographic printing and a system o& dot screens with visual tones oft equidistant incre ments. His 57-page paper o^ the same title has been printed by the Department oft Vefanse and requests far copi.es should be sent to Mr. Stoessel, Defense Mapping Agency Aerospace Center, St. Louis Air Force Station, 2nd and Arsenal Streets, St. Louis, Missouri. 63 1>1&. 268
In theJji pne*entation f "Tke- Selection ofi Colon &on the U.S.S.R. /(gnicultunal Mla*," HOLLV BVRNE and R0WALP SUMMARS tke, Centnal Intelligence Agency explained tke. technical and ae*tketic *olution* to colon pnoblem* encountened in pnoduc- tng tki* at&aA. Foti tkote. wko may be. •inte.sieAte.d tn tke. -ipec- pe.ci^cationf> kave. been cuAAe.d "Conflicting GoalA tn CkooA-ing Colons ôn. Quantitative. Map4." Two majoJi and Ae,e.mingt.y conflicting goalt> weAe, -ide-ntifi-ie-d: ^-UiAt, coloA Akould be. distinctive, on dit>- tinguLf>kable,, and Ae,condly, colon, should pôv-ide. a Atsiong 4eni ofi quantity (e.g., mosie. on £e64). Ton quantitative. pu/ipo4e4 tke. colon 4cneme6 that 4eem beAt one. compnomibeA tkat AatiAfiy both majon QOoJLb adequately- colon* tkat one. distinctive. e.nougk one. finom anotken, yet &e,e.m ne.late.d and pnogneAA logtcal ly -in dankneAA and -intenttty. JUVV OLSON, at>Aociat& pnofaoAbon ofi ge.ognaphy at Boston u)at> a fionme.n vetting Acholan at the. Bune.au oft the. Cen4o6, conducting neê.anck -in tke. fa-ieJid o{ colon pen- ce.ption. Hen papeA, "Tke. Onganization o& Colon* on Two- Vaniable. Map4," deAcnibe.d tke. Atnuctune. o^ the. colon -6cneme4 on two-vaniable. map* *uck a* tko*e. pnoduce.d by tke. Bune.au o& tke. Cen6u/5 u* type. o& map t* j,nte.nde.d to *kow tke,
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sBuipaaoojd paj.sgsse-ja).nduioo uo
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of the international symposium on c
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PREFACE The. te.chnic.at oAticJteA
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Seminar on Statistical Mapping . .
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CHARGE TO THE CONFERENCE William B.
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CONCLUSION Summing up, the introduc
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INTRODUCTION MAP DESIGN Arthur H. R
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Because it will help to emphasize a
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The main idea behind the communicat
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INTRODUCTION A CHALLENGE TO CARTOGR
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manner: The authors have attempted
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But just how new is the concept of
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Clearly the ability and the desire
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The third step is the DECISION stag
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He went on to call for the creation
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VISIONS OF MAPS AND GRAPHS William
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intution, rule of thumb, and a kind
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(Of course it might be that some ca
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How stable, for example, are the re
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Henry ¥ Castner and Arthur H. Robi
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General Session Papers Introduction
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WALP0 T08LER has been with the. Geo
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INTRODUCTION A GEOGRAPHIC AND CARTO
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In addition, numerous administrativ
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DELINEATION OF STATISTICAL AREAS Su
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which exist around the central citi
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distribution of school children by
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INTRODUCTION CONTEMPORARY STATISTIC
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tial relationships of cropland acre
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Figures 3 and k. At least part of w
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AESTHETICS AND MAP COMMUNICATION Th
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As a case in point, study the three
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ABSTRACT CHARACTER OF A MAP TOPOLOG
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epresents the operator composition
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Thus a contour lies between two of
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(2) From this table compute plane c
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4: A Topogtuipkic. 1970 POPULRTION
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county map of the United States has
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If. D. Kendall, "Construction Of Ma
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By the way, graphs used for the var
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c. Suppose that maps are constructe
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Graph2: MEDIAN INCOME IN 1949 OF FA
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adults (see Yule and Kendall, 1950,
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original GRP, and a scale of tens h
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them (or in semi-logarithmic charts
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(iiaphll USA (1840, 1900, I960) Per
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ooooooooooooo< 4 DD 4 D 4 C 4 ooooo
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INTRODUCTION THE CHALLENGE OF MAPS
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Gilligan and Amendola here in the U
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handicapped will be better served b
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REFERENCES 1. Professor James F. Go
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INTRODUCTION MAP GENERALIZATION: TH
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map, symbols can be assigned and th
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that simplification of lines result
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Map 3a. .01 Map 3b. .30 Map 3c. .60
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75,000
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As mentioned earlier, most surface
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exponentially with the number of po
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Panel Discussion on Experiences in
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C. GENE JOHNSON iA chie.fi ofi the.
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And in talking about the possibilit
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INTRODUCTION DECISION DAY FOR AUTOM
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THE ORDNANCE SURVEY This organizati
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AUTOMATED CARTOGRAPHY AT THE U. S.
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Two steps of choropleth mapping hav
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The identification subsystem will u
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AUTOMATED CARTOGRAPHY IN THE NATION
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GEODETIC CONTROL MAPS The National
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SEMINAR ON STATISTICAL MAPPING This
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INTRODUCTION STATISTICAL ACCURACY A
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was purposely conventional. The low
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F;VL - FIVE 7 FIVE 9 FIVE M FIVE 16
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classes tended to smooth out the bl
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TABLE III. OVERALL ACCURACY OF THE
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epresentation of statistical relati
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7. G. Jenks and F. Caspall, "Error
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7. A -6eo£con oft the. UrUte,d Sta
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3. Two boie map* pAepaAed tfoA paAt
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Figure 5 are generalizations of the
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City Selection The twenty largest m
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Dot distribution maps are used for
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plate. Pages with isopleth maps and
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THE URBAN ATLAS PROJECT: HISTORICAL
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The feasibility of such a project,
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SCALE Since the primary purpose of
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LINE-WEIGHT The line-weight of the
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SEMINAR ON MAP REAPING ANV PERCEPTI
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perception using the. basic oAAumpt
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an attempt to reach a re.atistic mo
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Census of Agriculture, the Census B
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maps. Research cartographers have m
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Five shades in black and white or c
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Ve selected this scheme for use in
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The important shift that has occurr
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For a good many years, researchers
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So far cartographic research in map
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This will be a difficult order, eve
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This is equally true of many aspect
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AN ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES IN MAP DE
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the clues that you get in the visua
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take immediate action to correct th
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• BASE MAPS PLANIMETRIC TOPOGRAPH
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as the one in the front of the room
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INTRODUCTION CURRENT RESEARCH IN TA
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D.B.RH. NEIGHBORHOOD MAP Key ;to m
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3. GENERAL REFERENCE MAP OF THE UNI
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tions were noted for both practiced
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for the single lines, ranging from
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INTRODUCTION THE OPTIMAL THEMATIC M
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eye comes to rest for at least 2/10
Page 226 and 227: The 20 reconstructed maps were then
Page 228 and 229: 307 302 Figure. 10. TkeAe. two tKLc
Page 230 and 231: ~i 12. Theê, dote -6how the. locat
Page 233 and 234: INTRODUCTION THE MAP IN THE MIND'S
Page 235 and 236: VALUE OF RETAIL TRADE SURPLUS LOCAT
Page 237 and 238: has a prominent role in goal specif
Page 239: the subjects some elements are domi
Page 242 and 243: a sound explanation for it. A secon
Page 244 and 245: Finally, one of the most interestin
Page 246 and 247: INTRODUCTION IN PURSUIT OF THE MAP
Page 248 and 249: producing a personal image fictitio
Page 250 and 251: individuals chosen appear from the
Page 252 and 253: screen gray area and its perceived
Page 254 and 255: There are a number of questions whi
Page 256 and 257: Note, first, that the four areas wi
Page 258: 18. Stevens, S.S. (Geraldine Steven
Page 261 and 262: PER CAPITA INCOME: 1 970 3.
Page 263 and 264: MICROFILM OUTPUT This film is a typ
Page 265 and 266: ANAHEIM-SANTA ANA- GARDEN GROVE, CA
Page 267 and 268: ANAHEIM-SANTA ANA- GARDEN GROVE, CA
Page 269 and 270: NUMBER OF AMERICAN INDIANS COUNTIES
Page 271 and 272: HOUSING UNITS BUILT BEFORE 1950 - W
Page 273 and 274: NESTED CATEGORIES EMPHASIS ON EXTRE
Page 275: Seminar on Uses of Color Introducti
Page 279 and 280: INFORMATION PROCESSING AND RECALL T
Page 281 and 282: The great 19th century physicist Ja
Page 283 and 284: general, there is a tendency for a
Page 285 and 286: THE SELECTION OF COLOR FOR THE U.S.
Page 287 and 288: mixes for CIA with the formulas on
Page 289 and 290: Red Cyan Yellow Other Color Agrocli
Page 291 and 292: Red Cyan Yellow Other Color Rural P
Page 293 and 294: Administrative Divisions, p. 58 —
Page 295 and 296: spaced in hue, such as this sequenc
Page 297 and 298: THE ORGANIZATION OF COLOR ON TWO-VA
Page 299 and 300: diagonal. (See Figure 18, page 265
Page 301 and 302: CONCLUDING COMMENTS Finally, there
Page 303 and 304: Seminar on Automation in Cartograph
Page 305 and 306: The. majoA tkAaAt o& the. TopogAaph
Page 307 and 308: Subcontracted work has until now ge
Page 309 and 310: Software development before 1970 di
Page 311 and 312: INTRODUCTION INTERACTIVE CARTOGRAPH
Page 313 and 314: Our system assumes that automated c
Page 315 and 316: can be taught to correct some, at l
Page 317 and 318: this, very little attempt has been
Page 319 and 320: The vast increase in speed (about t
Page 321 and 322: Data Management System 1100 (now us
Page 323 and 324: APPENDIX B: A BRIEF DISCUSSION OF H
Page 325 and 326: CO-ORDINATE SYSTEMS AND TRANSFORMS
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A digital data bank comprises colle
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The second advantage is particularl
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The production of maps, however, re
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Things become more complicated with
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For less high quality we plan to el
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One of the most important facts in
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SEMINAR ON AUTOMATION IN CARTOGRAPH
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pAoje,ct at the. LaboAatoAy fioA Co
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Master Enumeration District List (M
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as seen in Figure 1. The resulting
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(X). Implicitly this problem is ide
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6. Fou/i data. po^ntA loc.at
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F-tgote 7. Cteecf and open Thxte64e
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INTRODUCTION TOPOLOGICAL INFORMATIO
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Topological notation emphasizes the
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NEW PROCEDURES In particular, many
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-INTRODUCTION CONTOURING ALGORITHMS
Page 362 and 363:
The second step is the estimation o
Page 364 and 365:
1111 T ? ^ ? Weighting Function F-c
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obtainable. An algorithm which fait
Page 369 and 370:
Seminar on Land Use Mapping Introdu
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de.veJtopme.nt and availability ofi
Page 373 and 374:
Image. pAocessing te.chniqu.eA oAig
Page 375 and 376:
INTRODUCTION LAND UNIT MAPPING WITH
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MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS • Highly de
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SOURCE MAP CHARACTERISTICS WRIS has
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Polygon boundaries to be digitized
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less than 10 minutes. This speed wi
Page 385 and 386:
6. Diello, Joseph, (1970), The Evol
Page 387 and 388:
the map is only peripheral at prese
Page 389 and 390:
THE NATURE OF PROPERTY TAXATION TAX
Page 391 and 392:
The maps are actually parts of an i
Page 393 and 394:
5. Commonwealth of Massachusetts, D
Page 395 and 396:
LANDSAT image, a stereoscopic pair
Page 397 and 398:
The climate of the area is moderate
Page 399 and 400:
The developed formula of peak runof
Page 401 and 402:
This coordinate system is shown on
Page 403 and 404:
The drainage basin maps show the ac
Page 405 and 406:
BLOCK #24-21 (continued) 3. 153 Del
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SQUARE 2 1 ^ i 7 2 —— ~1T ~6^ 8
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24-21 msv -Co 75° 12' 40° 38' X =
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24-21 75°I2' 40°38' X = 1851968.7
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24-21 75° I2 1 40°38 X= 1851968.
Page 415 and 416:
BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE USERS The req
Page 417:
6. Halasi-Kun, G. J. (1975), "Water
Page 420 and 421:
SEMINAR ON IWTERACTIl/E MAP EPITING
Page 422 and 423:
0/ES SHEPHERD o$ the. U.S. Amy Engi
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Youngmann (1972), Peucker (1973)> a
Page 426 and 427:
developed in other areas, to the so
Page 428 and 429:
7. Christian!, E. J., et al., 1973>
Page 430 and 431:
NEIGHBORHOODS MAP EDITING USING A T
Page 432 and 433:
FUTURE RESEARCH Every field in a DI
Page 434 and 435:
3. "Hie fiundanuintal noA.Qkbonhood
Page 436 and 437:
7. Tkn dua£ $fw.pk aA.ou.nd ueAêx
Page 438 and 439:
INTRODUCTION GDIS VS. CUE: A LOOK A
Page 440 and 441:
3. Douglas County Auto Title/Regist
Page 442 and 443:
3. The lack of broad based local go
Page 444 and 445:
that intergovernmental cooperation
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2. Inquiry by address - The fields
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cities throughout the United States
Page 450 and 451:
REQUEST 1 DIME FILE RECORD U P D A
Page 452 and 453:
REQUEST 3 DIME RES P 0 N S E S C R
Page 454 and 455:
REQUEST 7 DIME RE S P 0 N S E S C R
Page 456 and 457:
INTRODUCTION AN INTERACTIVE GBF CRE
Page 458 and 459:
equiring a GBF in a slightly differ
Page 461 and 462:
Seminar on Urban Information System
Page 463 and 464:
1/ICT0R PA I/IS oi the. Ci£y ojj A
Page 465 and 466:
INTRODUCTION ANALYTICAL MAPS FOR SC
Page 467 and 468:
coordinates (referred to as rectili
Page 469 and 470:
The map of Figure 3 shows the bound
Page 471 and 472:
Figure 4 BLACK STUDENT ASSIGNMENTS:
Page 473 and 474:
Maps based on student-allocation mo
Page 475 and 476:
housing development per every stude
Page 477 and 478:
COMPUTER MAPPING AND ITS IMPACT ON
Page 479 and 480:
the shades. Digit 5 is a coded numb
Page 481 and 482:
The most frequent use of computer m
Page 483 and 484:
\ \ / ,.L5_i / /hjgj-->-»• VJ1 .
Page 485 and 486:
B g TM BT BSTH TER M B8TH TfH M SBT
Page 487 and 488:
GRAFPAC Subroutines ADVANG - ADVANG
Page 489 and 490:
TABDVG - TABDVG initializes that pa
Page 491 and 492:
several decades increasing amounts
Page 493 and 494:
Automated Evolution of the Time Fac
Page 495 and 496:
It merits noting that operators and
Page 497 and 498:
So as to be consistent with the pre
Page 499 and 500:
INTRODUCTION GEOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Page 501 and 502:
or values (weights) to the presence
Page 503 and 504:
factors are depicted in shades of g
Page 505 and 506:
Proper use of UNIMATCH, however, fr
Page 507 and 508:
INTRODUCTION THE CONGRUENCE BETWEEN
Page 509 and 510:
By 1968 SACS had been conceptually
Page 511 and 512:
in an engineering precision. Inhere
Page 513 and 514:
Seminar on Data Structures Introduc
Page 515 and 516:
*cheme* oft aggregation present and
Page 517 and 518:
(Clement, 197*0> etc., have all bee
Page 519 and 520:
A line of n points can be subdivide
Page 521 and 522:
LINE GENERALIZATION The theory of t
Page 523 and 524:
shortened to close to half by const
Page 525 and 526:
DOUBLE LINE AND OTHER LINE SYMBOLS
Page 527 and 528:
INTRODUCTION APPLICATIONS OF LATTIC
Page 529 and 530:
The computation of intersections is
Page 531 and 532:
CARTOGRAPHIC DATA BASE DESCRIPTION
Page 533 and 534:
Cartographic data for the United St
Page 535 and 536:
P/iopo-i ecf D M S Output Decimal S
Page 537 and 538:
BASE CATEGORY IV - TERRAIN SURFACE
Page 539 and 540:
objectives of a specific data base.
Page 541 and 542:
COORDINATE POINT DIRECTORY Coord. 4
Page 543 and 544:
7\ POINTS Ident. (Name) CHAIN GROUP
Page 545 and 546:
Some of the attributes of a topolog
Page 547 and 548:
Seminar on Automation in Cartograph
Page 549 and 550:
infrastructure, and human resources
Page 551 and 552:
negative and repel each other. This
Page 553 and 554:
THE GRIMAS SYSTEM APPLICATION softw
Page 555 and 556:
GRIMAS SYSTEM FLOW: PLOT -CONTROL/
Page 557 and 558:
All object classes have locational
Page 559 and 560:
PROJECT BAR CHART TR M E S T E R RR
Page 561 and 562:
To get a flexible system it was dec
Page 563 and 564:
E. - Topography 80 Man-Hours F. - G
Page 565 and 566:
The goal described above is further
Page 567 and 568:
1. With respect to the dimensional
Page 569 and 570:
561 BRRSIL FUNDRCRO I.B.G.E. DIRETO
Page 571 and 572:
SPECIAL AND THEMATIC MAP SERIES The
Page 573 and 574:
As to geodetics and topography, the
Page 575 and 576:
THE AIR FORCE MINISTRY: ELECTRONICS
Page 577:
URBAN AND RURAL, TECHNICAL AND FISC
Page 580 and 581:
APPENDIX I AUTO-CARTO II STAFF AND
Page 582 and 583:
Robert T. Aangeenbrug Department of
Page 584 and 585:
H. G. Barnum University of Vermont
Page 586 and 587:
Kurt E. Brassel Assistant Professor
Page 588 and 589:
James M. Collom Cartographer NOAA N
Page 590 and 591:
James F. Dixon Assistant Director G
Page 592 and 593:
John B. Fieser Program Specialist U
Page 594 and 595:
Terry W. Gossard U.S.D.A. Forest Se
Page 596 and 597:
Daniel E. Holdgreve 507 Kibler Circ
Page 598 and 599:
Olaf Kays Asst. Program Mgr.-RALI U
Page 600 and 601:
Gary Lewis Graphics Coordinator Tet
Page 602 and 603:
S. E. Masry Assoc. Professor Univer
Page 604 and 605:
David C. Mowbray Head, Map Informat
Page 606 and 607:
Thomas K, Peucker Assoc. Prof. , Si
Page 608 and 609:
William R. Roseman Vice President I
Page 610 and 611:
Lee Henry Slorp Miami University, D
Page 612 and 613:
G. L. Thornton Research and Develop
Page 614 and 615:
Dean P. Westmeyer Cartographic Edit
Page 616 and 617:
APPENDIX III AUTHOR AND TITLE INDEX
Page 618 and 619:
Contemporary Statistical Map6: Evid
Page 620 and 621:
Martell, Alberto Torfer (Automation
Page 622:
Van Driel, Nicholas (Ge.ological In
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