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<strong>UNIVERSITY</strong> <strong>OF</strong> <strong>FORT</strong> <strong>HARE</strong><br />
GREEN BUILDING CONFERENCE<br />
AL STRATFORD Pr.Arch. MI Arch.<br />
07.2012
BUT, HOW MUCH DOES YOUR<br />
BUILDING WEIGH, MR STRATFORD?<br />
with apologies to Sir Norman Foster
“We cannot ignore the damage that our buildings<br />
inflict on the natural environment. As the<br />
consequences of our past inaction becomes ever<br />
apparent, designing for a sustainable future becomes<br />
a necessity, not a choice. Sustainable design means<br />
doing the most with the least means. Following the<br />
logic of ‘less is more’, it employs passive architectural<br />
means to reduce energy consumption, minimising the<br />
use of non-renewable fuel and reducing the amount<br />
of pollution.” Norman Foster
33%<br />
REDUCTION IN CARBON FOOTPRINT
48%<br />
LESS CEMENT USED
41%<br />
LIGHTER THAN ALTERNATES
11%<br />
CHEAPER THAN ALTERNATES
VAF<br />
In-situ Hollowcore slab<br />
535<br />
Total floor depth (mm) 750 750<br />
726<br />
Total foor mass (kg / m²) 1,247 906<br />
41.76<br />
% reduction in mass 0.00 27.32<br />
R 1,997<br />
Estimated cost (R / m²) R 2,110 R 2,250<br />
11.26<br />
% reduction in cost 6.23 0.00<br />
41,523<br />
Total mass of cement 80,561 53,274<br />
48.46<br />
% reduction in cement 0.00 33.87<br />
31.56<br />
Total mass of reinforcing 31.49 23.83<br />
0.00<br />
% reduction in reinforcing 0.23 24.51<br />
250.57<br />
Carbon footprint (kg/m 2 ) 376.06 287.62<br />
% Reduction in carbon footprint 0.00 23.52<br />
33.37
HOW WAS THIS ACHIEVED?
...Sustainable design means doing the most with<br />
the least means. Following the logic of ‘less is more’,<br />
it employs passive architectural means to reduce<br />
energy consumption, minimising the use of nonrenewable<br />
fuel and reducing the amount of pollution.”
ACCESS FLOORING SYSTEM<br />
CONCRETE SLAB<br />
(IN-SITU / HOLLOWCORE)<br />
SUSPENDED CEILING SYSTEM<br />
300mm<br />
250mm<br />
200mm
ACCESS FLOOR + CONCRETE SLAB + SUSPENDED CEILING<br />
VENTILATED ACCESS FLOOR<br />
525mm
TYPE 1: IN-SITU<br />
TYPE 2: HOLLOW-CORE<br />
TYPE 3: VENTILATED ACCESS FLOOR<br />
750mm<br />
1075mm<br />
525mm
THE SYSTEM
Venturi wing<br />
Trombe wall<br />
Planted south façade
Which winds are<br />
predominant?<br />
Wind speed<br />
and direction<br />
verification<br />
URBAN CONTEXT<br />
ANALYSIS<br />
What are the actual<br />
conditions at the buidling<br />
envelope (external)<br />
OCCUPATIONAL ANALYSIS<br />
What effect does<br />
moving more people<br />
into the room have?<br />
Boundary<br />
conditions<br />
CLIMATE ANALYSIS<br />
How much radiation<br />
reaches the Trombe?<br />
INSOLATION ANALYSIS<br />
Heat in<br />
the Trombe<br />
BUILDING<br />
PERFORMANCE<br />
ANALYSIS<br />
Conditions<br />
when good ACH<br />
are achieved<br />
Wind speed<br />
and direction<br />
incidence<br />
analysis<br />
CORRELATION BTW<br />
GOOD, BAD & EXPECTED<br />
CONDITIONS<br />
How frequently will<br />
the design perfom<br />
satisfactorily?<br />
AER<strong>OF</strong>OIL DESIGN<br />
What is the<br />
better option:<br />
Venturi or Channel?
W<br />
0°<br />
N<br />
16.3° 33.70°<br />
S<br />
40.00°<br />
180°<br />
50°<br />
40.00° 16.3° 33.70°<br />
90°<br />
140°<br />
E
1.5 m/s (5.6%)<br />
2.5 m/s (12.4%)<br />
3.5 m/s (15.9%)<br />
4.5 m/s (14.8%)<br />
5.5 m/s (12.9%)<br />
61.6%<br />
of wind conditions
Speed m/s<br />
1.84418<br />
1.61366<br />
1.38314<br />
1.15261<br />
0.922090<br />
0.691568<br />
0.461045<br />
0.230522<br />
0.000000
MONITORED PERFORMANCE<br />
25 JULY 2011
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE °C<br />
At weather station: 17,80<br />
Southern side of fourth floor: 12,50<br />
AIR SPEED<br />
Air speed (km/h): 17,00<br />
Air speed (m/s): 4,72<br />
WIND DIRECTION<br />
North East (NE)
AVERAGE INTERNAL FLOOR READINGS<br />
POINT 1 POINT 2 POINT 3 POINT 4 POINT 5<br />
Top vent m/s 0,760 0,628 0,600 0,733 0,678<br />
Top vent °C 21,40 22,60 15,62 18,82 19,80<br />
Top vent m/s 0,137 0,113 0,108 0,132 0,122<br />
TROMBE WALLS<br />
POINT 1 POINT 2 POINT 3 POINT 4 POINT 5<br />
Trombe surface °C 37,95 39,00 37,70 38,35 38,30<br />
Trombe air °C 18,05 21,40 26,65 27,30 29,40<br />
Trombe m/s 0,455 0,445 0,545 0,315 0,425<br />
AVERAGE ACH ACROSS ALL FLOORS: 6,73
CONSTRUCTION
FINISHED BUILDING
LESSON LEARNT ON THE PROJECT<br />
HOLISTIC INTEGRATED APPROACH
LESSON #1<br />
Appoint a professional team that not only<br />
has experience in their particular discipline...<br />
but more importantly, value the painstaking<br />
interative process that is needed between<br />
disciplines...the sum of the whole is greater<br />
than the parts.
LESSON #2<br />
A flat coleagiate relationship needs to be<br />
fostered to encourage cross polination<br />
between consultants and specialists.
LESSON #3<br />
Design production needs to be co-ordinated<br />
through building information modelling.
LESSON #4<br />
Building sciences, industrial engineering<br />
processes and procurement is very much part<br />
of the whole design and constuct continuim.
CREDITS<br />
Prof Terry Marsh<br />
University of Fort Hare<br />
Sindile Ngonyama<br />
Ngonyama Okpanum Architects<br />
Alan Ter Morshuizen<br />
Native Architecture<br />
Hamish Scott & Alan Jones<br />
HSC Consulting Engineers<br />
Mike Rivarola<br />
Carifro Mechanical<br />
& Electrical Engineers<br />
Dr Dirk Conradie<br />
CSIR<br />
David Stratford<br />
Wintec Innovation (Precast)<br />
Ryan Schneeburger<br />
Grinaker LTD Aveng<br />
THANK YOU<br />
Al Stratford
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