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2.3.1 In<strong>for</strong>mation Design<br />
Solving<br />
any<br />
communication needs is an essential design task <strong>for</strong><br />
product. In<strong>for</strong>mation design addresses ways to organize<br />
and present in<strong>for</strong>mation in a meaningful and useful <strong>for</strong>m.<br />
It includes the in<strong>for</strong>mation in all media (whether textual,<br />
aural, or visual) and, to some degree their interaction.<br />
Where graphic design is primarily concerned w<strong>it</strong>h creating<br />
a beautiful visual arrangement <strong>of</strong> in<strong>for</strong>mation, in<strong>for</strong>mation<br />
design is concerned w<strong>it</strong>h creating a clear, accurate, and<br />
meaningful arrangement <strong>of</strong> in<strong>for</strong>mation. This is not to say<br />
that graphic design and in<strong>for</strong>mation design are necessarily at<br />
odds. In the best case, in<strong>for</strong>mation can be both attractive<br />
and meaningful,<br />
and succeed from both standpoints.<br />
In<strong>for</strong>mation design can affect the color, layout, sequence,<br />
and styles <strong>of</strong> any media, but <strong>it</strong> is most concerned w<strong>it</strong>h the<br />
organization <strong>of</strong> all elements in an entire product. The<br />
organization affects the communication <strong>of</strong> those elements.<br />
For example, reorganizing all <strong>of</strong> the words in a dictionary<br />
by order <strong>of</strong> everyday use instead <strong>of</strong> alphabetical order<br />
would change how a user might search <strong>for</strong> words or make<br />
associations. Visual dictionaries use pictures and scenes to<br />
allow users to find a word <strong>for</strong> something they can identify by<br />
sight. A thesaurus groups words by similar or opposing<br />
meanings. Each solution solves a particular need.<br />
In the book In<strong>for</strong>mation Anxiety by Richard Saul Wurman<br />
identifies five general ways to organize any in<strong>for</strong>mation:<br />
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