Lead Human Exposure and Health Risk Assessments for Selected ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ambient air-related exposures, particularly those associated with the secondary smelter. Additionally, air Pb estimates for much of the study area were significantly lower than the mean current conditions levels modeled for the general urban case study, which may be a result of only modeling sources directly related to the smelter and not including other non-smelter related contributions to ambient air (e.g., resuspension of roadside dust containing Pb). July 2007 3-54 Draft – Do Not Quote or Cite
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 REFERENCES Adgate, J. L.; Willis, R. D.; Buckley, T. J.; Chow, J. C.; Watson, J. G.; Rhoads, G. G.; Lioy, P. J. (1998) Chemical mass balance source apportionment of Pb in house dust. Environ. Sci. Technol. 32: 108-114. Bellinger, D.C., Stiles, K.M., Needleman, H.L. (1992) Low-level lead exposure, intelligence and academic achievement: A long-term follow-up study. Pediatrics 90(6): 855-861. Brunekreef, B. (1984) The relationship between air lead and blood lead in children: a critical review. Science of the total environment, 38: 79–123. Caravanos, J.; Weiss, A. L.; Jaeger, R. J. (2006) An exterior and interior Pbed dust deposition survey in New York City: results of a 2-year study. Environ. Res. 100: 159-164. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2005) Blood Lead Levels - United States, 1999-2002. Available online at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5420a5.htm. Gustavsson, N., Bolviken, B., Smith, D.B., and Severson, R.C. (2001) Geochemical Landscapes of the Conterminous United States -- New Map Presentations of 22 Elements. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1648. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1648. Hattis, D. (2005) Preliminary Analysis of Blood Pb Distributional Data from Various Years of the National Health and Nutrition Surveys (NHANES). Prepared for ICF International. October. Hilts, S. R. (2003) Effect of smelter emission reductions on children's blood Pb levels. Sci. Total Environ. 303: 51 58. Lanphear, B. P.; Emond, M.; Jacobs, D. E.; Weitzman, M.; Tanner, M.; Winter, N. L.; Yakir, B.; Eberly, S. (1995) A Side-by-Side Comparison of Dust Collection Methods for Sampling Lead-Contaminated House Dust. Environ. Res. 68(2): 114-123. Lanphear, B.P. and Roghmann, K. J. (1997) Pathways of Lead Exposure in Urban Children. Environ. Res. 74(67): 73. Lanphear, B. P.; Matte, T. D.; Rogers, J.; Clickner, R. P.; Dietz, B.; Bornschein, R. L.; Succop, P.; Mahaffey, K. R.; Dixon, S.; Galke, W.; Rabinowitz, M.; Farfel, M.; Rohde, C.; Schwartz, J.; Ashley, P.; Jacobs, D. E. (1998) The Contribution of Lead-Contaminated House Dust and Residential Soil to Children's Blood Lead Levels: A Pooled Analysis of 12 Epidemiologic Studies. Environmental Research. 79: 51-68. Lanphear, B.P., Hornung, R., Khoury, J., Yolton, K., Baghurst, P., Bellinger, D.C., Canfield, R.L., Dietrich, K.N., Bornschein, R., Greene, T., Rothenberg, S.J., Needleman, H.L., Schnaas, L., Wasserman, G., Graziano, J., and Robe, R. (2005) Low-level environmental Pb exposure and children's intellectual function: An international pooled analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives. 113(7):894-899. Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR). (2007a) Doe Run – Herculaneum State Implementation Plan (SIP) Dispersion Modeling Review. Memorandum from Jeffry D. Bennett to John Rustige. February 12, 2007. Available at: http://www.dnr.mo.gov/env/apcp/herculaneumsip.htm Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR). (2007b) 2007 Revision of the State Implementation Plan for the Herculaneum Lead Nonattainment Area, as adopted by the Missouri Air Conservation Commission April 26, 2007. Riley, W. J., McKone, T. E., Lai, A. C., Nazaroff, W. W. (2002) Indoor Particulate Matter of Outdoor Origin: Importance of Size-Dependent Removal Mechanisms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36(2): 200-207. July 2007 3-55 Draft – Do Not Quote or Cite
Page 1:
Lead Human Exposure and Health Risk
Page 4 and 5:
DISCLAIMER This document has been r
Page 6 and 7:
comment. A final version of this do
Page 8 and 9:
2.4 ANALYTICAL APPROACH ...........
Page 10 and 11:
List of Figures Figure 1-1. Princip
Page 12 and 13:
Table 4-17. Secondary Pb smelter ca
Page 14 and 15:
1 concentrations in water, soil and
Page 16 and 17:
1 showing impaired neurobehavioral
Page 18 and 19:
1 assessment, summarized in Section
Page 20 and 21:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 22 and 23:
1 Figure 2-1. Conceptual model for
Page 24 and 25:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 26 and 27:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 28 and 29:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 30 and 31:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 32 and 33:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 34 and 35:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 36 and 37:
1 and 3.1.1), the media concentrati
Page 38 and 39:
1 Table 2-1. Key aspects of primary
Page 40 and 41:
1 2.3 ASSESSMENT SCENARIOS 2 The de
Page 42 and 43:
1 Table 2-3. Air quality scenarios
Page 44 and 45:
1 southern California, where Pb has
Page 46 and 47:
1 composed of U.S. Census blocks or
Page 48 and 49:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 50 and 51:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 52 and 53:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 54 and 55:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 56 and 57:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 58 and 59:
1 Office Of Air Quality Planning an
Page 60 and 61:
1 Table 3-1. Case study approaches
Page 62 and 63: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 64 and 65: 1 0.37 to 0.46 for the Census tract
Page 66 and 67: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 68 and 69: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 70 and 71: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 72 and 73: 1 contribution of air Pb both direc
Page 74 and 75: 1 3.2.1.1 Primary Analysis 2 The IE
Page 76 and 77: 1 represent indoor paint, outdoor s
Page 78 and 79: 1 • GSD reflecting inter-individu
Page 80 and 81: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 82 and 83: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 84 and 85: 1 concentrations. Consequently, the
Page 86 and 87: 1 Table 3-6. Estimated indoor dust
Page 88 and 89: 1 blood Pb per air quality scenario
Page 90 and 91: 1 Table 3-8. General urban case stu
Page 92 and 93: 1 Table 3-10. General urban case st
Page 94 and 95: 1 Table 3-12. General urban case st
Page 96 and 97: 1 Table 3-15. Primary Pb smelter ca
Page 98 and 99: 1 Table 3-19. Secondary Pb smelter
Page 100 and 101: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 102 and 103: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 104 and 105: 1 Table 3-23. Evaluation of model-p
Page 106 and 107: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 108 and 109: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 110 and 111: 1 Table 3-25. Blood Pb Levels for 7
Page 114 and 115: 1 2 Roy, A., Georgopoulos, P. G., O
Page 116 and 117: 1 Inclusion of these three types of
Page 118 and 119: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 120 and 121: 1 pathways, and other (including ol
Page 122 and 123: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 124 and 125: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 132 and 133: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 134 and 135: 1 2 3 4 5 6 99th and 99.5th) for a
Page 136 and 137: 1 Table 4-11. Primary Pb smelter st
Page 138 and 139: 1 Table 4-13. Primary Pb smelter ca
Page 140 and 141: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 146 and 147: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 148 and 149: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 150 and 151: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 152 and 153: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Page 154 and 155: 1 case study and national-level per
Page 156 and 157: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 REFERENCES
show all

Lead Human Exposure and Health Risk Assessments for Selected ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?