Glossary of HIV/AIDS-Related Terms - AIDSinfo - National Institutes ...

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Cryptosporidiosis
ALSO KNOWN AS: Crypto
An infection caused by the protozoan Cryptosporidium. Symptoms
of cryptosporidiosis include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and lower
abdominal cramping. In people with weakened immune systems,
such as people with HIV, cryptosporidiosis can lead to severe and
life-threatening loss of muscle and body mass and malnutrition.
In people with HIV, chronic cryptosporidiosis (lasting more than
1 month) is an AIDS-defining condition.
SEE RELATED TERM(S): AIDS-Defining Condition, Cryptosporidium, Opportunistic
Infection
Cryptosporidium
The protozoan parasite that causes the diarrheal disease
cryptosporidiosis. Cryptosporidium lives in the intestines of infected
animals and humans and may be found in soil, food, water, or
surfaces that have been contaminated with the feces from infected
humans or animals.
SEE RELATED TERM(S): Cryptosporidiosis, Protozoan
Crystalluria
Crystals in the urine. (Crystals are tiny stones composed of chemicals
such as calcium.) Use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs may cause crystalluria.
C-Section
ALSO KNOWN AS: Cesarean Section
Cutaneous
Pertaining to the skin.
CXCR4
ALSO KNOWN AS: Chemokine Receptor 4, Fusin
A protein on the surface of certain immune system cells, including CD4
T lymphocytes (CD4 cells). CXCR4 can act as a coreceptor (a second
receptor binding site) for HIV when the virus enters a host cell.
SEE RELATED TERM(S): Coreceptor, Fusion, Life Cycle
34 HIV/AIDS Glossary