Contrastive Analysis

Contrastive Analysis
Error Analysis
Because of shortcomings of the contrastive Analysis to clarifying the second-language errors,
researchers began to look for another approach which was both theoretical and practical; this
approach is called Error Analysis.
The difference between errors and mistakes:
1. Errors are rule-governed , they are systematic and show the lack of knowledge of learners.
2. Mistakes are random deviations, unrelated to any system
3. mistakes may occur in writing of native speaker, or during speech, such as slips of tongue,
slips of pen, slips of the ear. Mistakes happen because of strong emotion, memory
limitations, lack of concentration or tiredness.
4. sometimes the distinguishing between mistakes and errors is difficult, but according to
linguistics, mistakes have a rather low frequency but errors have high frequency and they are
systematic.
Errors can be described in three dimensions:
1-Types of errors
2-levels of errors
3-Stages of errors