Musical Instrument Digital Interface, - Hol.gr

We will explore three basic numbering systems, called decimal, binary, and hexadecimal.
A base 10 number system, the decimal system, is based on ten numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
The next number in the sequence is a combination of two digits, where the second digit is multiplied by
10. 10 is equal to (1 X 10) + 0. Two digits may go as high as 99, and then a third digit is needed for the
next number. The third digit is multiplied by 100. This concept continues with the next digit multiplied by
1000, the next by 10,000, and so on. A number like 6594 would be calculated as (6 X 1000) + (5 X 100) +
(9 X 10) + (4 X 1). This concept is easy to grasp, because we use the decimal system in every day
applications.
Computers work in a digital environment that
has only two variables, 0 and 1. All numbers in
the decimal system may be translated into 0's
and 1's of the binary system. By having only
one digit or box, there are two possibilities.
This binary system is a base 2 numbering
system that uses only two numbers, 0 and 1.
By having two digits or boxes, there are four
possibilities. The upper number is the decimal
counting system and the bottom numbers
represent the binary counting system. In binary,
the first digit (right box) corresponds to a
decimal value of 0 or 1, while the second digit
(left box) corresponds to a decimal value of 0 or
2. The multiples of the decimal counting system
are 1, 10, 100, 1000, etc. The multiples of the
binary counting system are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64,
128, etc.
By having three digits or boxes, there are eight possibilities. The upper
number is the decimal counting system and the bottom numbers
represent the binary counting system. The first digit (right box) may
have a value of 0 or 1. The second digit (middle box) may have a value
of 2 or 0 and the last digit (left box) may have a value of 4 or 0.