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The research was carried out at the Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia and Department of Environmental Sciences at the Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences of University of Latvia. The European Social Fund project “Research support for PhD students and young scientists at the University of Latvia” ensured the financial support during the development of the research. Scientific supervisor Dr. Biol. Viesturs Melecis Doctoral committee Council Reviewers The defence of the doctoral thesis will be held on The thesis is available at the Library of the University of Latvia, 4 Kalpaka Blvd 2
CONTENTS CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................4 1. EARTHWORMS IN AGRICULTURAL LANDS...............................................................................9 1.1. EARTHWORM IMPACT ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND MICROORGANISMS...........................................11 1.2. EARTHWORMS AND SOIL CULTIVATION......................................................................................... 12 1.3. EARTHWORM IMPACT ON GRICULTURAL LAND QUALITY BIOINDICATION................................... 13 2. THE MONITORING SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS....................................................14 2.1. DESCRIPTIOM OF THE MONITORING SAMPLING PLOTS ................................................................ 14 2.2. FACTORS EFFECTING EARTHWORM DENSITY AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN THE MONITORING SAMPLING PLOTS .................................................................................................................................. 15 3. CHANGES OF EARTHWORM COMMUNITIES IN ACIDIC PINE FOREST SOILS ..............19 3.1. LATVIA’S OLIGOTROPHIC FOREST SOIL EARTHWORM FAUNA IN LATVIA AND NORTHERN EUROPE .............................................................................................................................................................. 19 3.2. EARTHWORM FAUNA CHANGES DUE TO FOREST LIMING.............................................................. 21 3.3. LATVIA’S BOREAL PINE FOREST EUTROPHICATION AND TRANSFORMATION ............................... 22 3.4. EARTHWORM SPECIES COMMUNITIES CHANGES DUE TO TRANSFORMATION OF JURMALA FOREST SOILS........................................................................................................................................ 23 3.4.1. Description of the sampling plots and sampling procedure ................................................... 23 3.4.2. The total earthworm population density in Jurmala sampling plots ...................................... 25 3.4.3. Soil property change impact on earthworm communities ...................................................... 26 3.4.4. Earthworm communities structure in Jurmala sampling plots............................................... 27 3.5. EARTHWORM COMMUNITIES CHANGE DUE TO THE INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION IN THE PINE FORESTS NEAR SAULKALNE ................................................................................................................. 29 3.5.1. Description of the sampling plots and sampling procedure ................................................... 29 3.5.2. The total earthworm population in Saulkalne sampling plots................................................ 31 3.5.3. Pollution impact on the earthworm populations .................................................................... 34 3.5.4. The earthworm communities structure in Saulkalne sampling plots ...................................... 34 3.6. THE POTENTIAL EARTHWORM IMPACT ON PROCESSES OF SOIL EUTROPHICATION IN THE FORESTS OF JURMALA AND SAULKALNE ............................................................................................. 36 3.7. ROLE OF EARTHWORMS IN THE BIOINDICATION OF THE PINE FOREST EUTROPHICATION PROCESSES............................................................................................................................................ 37 CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................................................................................39 LITERATURE..........................................................................................................................................41 3
Page 1: UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA FACULTY OF GEO
Page 5 and 6: environmental factors, as well as o
Page 7 and 8: Aprobation of te Results Te results
Page 9 and 10: 1. EARTHWORMS IN AGRICULTURAL LANDS
Page 11 and 12: Summing up data of numerous researc
Page 13 and 14: 1.3. Earthworm impact on gricultura
Page 15 and 16: period. The samples were hand sorte
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2.1. All season mean density
Page 19 and 20: 3. CHANGES OF EARTHWORM COMMUNITIES
Page 21 and 22: ubidus tenuis, whose propotion is i
Page 23 and 24: soil liming has facilitated great b
Page 25 and 26: 3.4.2. The total earthworm populati
Page 27 and 28: population of earthworms in all of
Page 29 and 30: of Aporrectodea caliginosa, emerge
Page 31 and 32: Table 3.5 The chemical properties o
Page 33 and 34: For the reciprocal comparision of t
Page 35 and 36: observed by the author of the docto
Page 37 and 38: Figure 3.3. Possible process of pin
Page 39 and 40: CONCLUSIONS 1. Reasearches conducte
Page 41 and 42: LITERATURE Abrahamsen, G. 1972. Eco
Page 43 and 44: Latvian Academy of Sciences, B, 7 (
Page 45: беспозвоночныхмор

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