JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES

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October-December 2009 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume I., Issue 4. _____________________________________________________________________________________ D It is a middle strong plosive, less strong than T, because of voicing with vocal cords reduce the airpower. Otherwise we form it in the same way as T. Its role is quite obvious when we use it as creator, because it is applied mainly as the creator of middle strong activity, acting on themselves or being passive, e.g. dolgozó-d(ik), mos-d(ik), für-d(ik), okos-od(ik), piros-od(ik), etc. N Mellow “plosive”; we form it close to D, but plus we flow out some air through nose-chamber, which lessen the airpower more. It does not snap up sharply, but “melt away”. We use it when we would like to present the mellow, single occurrence of some phenomenon, e.g. nő (grow up, woman); it has the feature of little lengthening words and phenomena, e.g. bolyog bolyong, tolog tolong, zsibog zsibong, ect. As a verb creator it creates the momentum verbs, e.g. kopp-an, dobb-an, rett-en, etc. (See comparison with the frequency verbs: kop-og, dob-og, rett-eg, etc.) Sz (Pronunciation is like S in English) It is a persistent sound, voiceless, dental (or dento-alveolar). We apply it - beside very frequent use in sound imitation words, e.g szisz, szusz, szesz, szól, szél, etc. - to express the persistency of something. Its role as creator is to express persistency, both in case of noun creation, e.g lelk-ész, jog-ász, szül-ész, csillag-ász, and in case of creating nouns and verbs together, e.g. vad-ász, hal-ász, madar-ász, etc. Z It is a persistent sound, voiced, dental (or dento-alveolar). We apply it - beside very frequent use in sound imitation words, e.g zizz, zúz, zaj, zúg, zuh, etc. - as creator to express the persistent activities, happenings. It creates persistent, transitive verbs, e.g. fül-ez, fej-ez, por-oz, labdá-z, etc. R Tongue snap to the alveolar part behind the teeth than snap up, and this is repeated again sometimes. It is not easy to pronounce this phone, force has to be used. It has a very special characteristic: repetition. This is the only phoneme with this feature. We have to express this meaning often, therefore we use R frequently, and especially very frequently as second consonant of the roots; R is prominently the most frequent phoneme in this place. The reason could be _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2009 106
October-December 2009 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume I., Issue 4. _____________________________________________________________________________________ that something has to be repeated, and this has to be expressed, before to sign the fact of repetition. Examples: for(og), für(dik), fúr, fer(geteg), kör, ker(ing), kor(ong), pör(ög), per(eg), etc. As starting phoneme it often expresses the same: ráz, rezeg, reszket, remeg, repül, rebben, robban, etc. It reflects not only repetition, but force, too: erő, ár, robban, ráz, ró, etc. L The nib or first part of fringe of the tongue slightly snap to the alveolar part behind the teeth and flap up. This is a soft flapping, flipping. Because of this flapping characteristic L very often expresses flapping movements, fluidity, or continuity. E.g. libben, lebben, lobban, lafog, lappang, lassú, lép, láb, lóg, lódul, etc. As verb creator it reflects the continuity of activities, e.g. fül-el, fej-el, por-ol, kez-el, etc. All of the other consonants could be analysed in the same way, looking for the characteristics and analysing the tendencies of their usage. In Hungarian there is propensity to use consonants according to their characteristics both for direct sound imitation and in indirect feature imitation words. Characteristics of vowels Vowels are much simpler sounds than consonants, mainly size of the resonating chamber of the mouth is the most important feature, and this determines the pitch (frequency) of the vowel. Shape of the chamber influence the formants, the colour of the vowel, also. Size and shape of the chamber is determined mainly the stance of the tongue and the lips (and the chin). Saying through the scale I, É, E, Á, A, Ó, Ú we feel that our tongue goes from ahead to backward and lips to ahead from narrow rift, chamber is increasingly bigger, wave length is rising, vowel is more deep. Let us see it: Lips rift Í Lips ahead Tongue Tongue ahead ahead É E Á Tongue Tongue backward backward _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001-2009 107 A Ő Ó Ű Ú
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