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Terp, Holger: Danish Peace History - Det danske Fredsakademi

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Refugee work before World War Two<br />

In 1938 three <strong>Danish</strong> women, Melanie<br />

Oppenheim, Kirsten Gloerfelt-Tarp and Thora<br />

Daugaard from the <strong>Danish</strong> Women’s Council<br />

and the Women’s International League for<br />

<strong>Peace</strong> and Freedom, began the immigration of<br />

German and Austrian Jewish children to<br />

Denmark, which “needed agricultural<br />

students”! 325 Jewish children came to<br />

Denmark and in December 1939 most of them<br />

were shipped to Haifa in Palestine 124 .<br />

Shortly before the World War Two aid to the<br />

families of prisoners in German concentration<br />

camps was organized by the organization<br />

Skandia-Hjælp. Ellen Hørup as well as other<br />

Danes like Else Zeuthen had protested<br />

against the Spanish civil war 1936-1939, the<br />

battlefield of Capitalism 125 . The <strong>Danish</strong><br />

country wide collecting of aid in cooperation<br />

with Swedish and French refugee<br />

organizations to the suffering women and<br />

children of the Spanish civil war began in<br />

January 1936 126 . The Danes and Swedes worked also together with the International<br />

Save the Children Fund at Geneva.<br />

They might have been inspired both by the well known work of Nansen in Russia, the<br />

<strong>Danish</strong> refugee work for starving Austrian children after WW 1 127 , and by a lecture<br />

held September 30, 1935 by Pierre Ceresole in Copenhagen on “Conscientious<br />

objection and reconstruction in ravaged areas” 128 and by aid work of the War Resister’s<br />

International 129 .<br />

In April 1939 the <strong>Danish</strong> author and refugee friend Karin Michaëlis visits New York.<br />

She returns to Denmark in 1946 130 .<br />

124 Hammerich, Poul: Valkyrierne: En nordisk kvindefront trodser valne myndigheder og rager jødebørn<br />

ud af Hitlers bål 1938-40. In: Undtagelsen: En krønike om jøderne i Norden. 1992. pp. 321-334.<br />

125 Hørup, Ellen: Spain the Battlefield of Capitalism. Geneva, [1936?]<br />

– Online version: http://www. fredsakademiet.dk/library/disarm.htm<br />

126 Den <strong>danske</strong> Landsindsamling til Hjælp for Kvinder og Børn i Spanien. In: Fred og Frihed, 1936:2 pp.<br />

12-13.<br />

127 Jacobsen, Sigurd: Wienerbørn i Landflygtighed: En historisk Oversigt. 1943. – 319 pp.<br />

128 Ceresole, Pierre: Militærnægtelse og Genopbyggelse af hærgede Egne. In: Freds-Varden, 1935 no. 5<br />

pp. 71-76.<br />

129 Lukowitz, David C.: Pacifists and Class Warfare: The Spanish Civil War. In: 50 Years of war<br />

Resistance: What Now? London: WRI, 1972 pp. 22-23.<br />

130 Michaëlis, Karin: Vidunderlige Verden I-III, 1948-1950. Michaëlis, Karin: Little Troll. New York,<br />

1946.

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