Bachelor Thesis - Christina Kuenen - Hufpfleger

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HO HPG HschBG HT HufbeschlG HufbeschlV HWK ILPH kthp LfH LS NRW NVvH p PTC SMU RÖ TE TGI TierSchG TP UK USA VdHP ZAV Hoof orthopaedist Heilpraktikergesetz Hochschulbildungsgesetz Hoof technician Hufbeschlaggesetz Hufbeschlagverordnung Handwerkskammer International League for the Protection of Horses Kooperation deutscher Tierheilpraktiker-Verbände e.V. Lehranstalt für Huforthopädie Lehrschmiede Nordrhein Westfalen Nederlandse Verenigin van Hoefsmeden Probability Practical Trainings Centrum Schweitzer Metall-Union Republik Österreich Traditional Experts Tiergerechtheitsindex Tierschutzgesetz Traditional Practitioners United Kingdom United States of America Verein der Hufheilpraktiker Zentrale Auslands- und Fachvermittlung 10
1. INTRODUCTION In Germany a lot of different approaches to hoof treatment exist. A farrier is the traditional hoof treatment practitioner who treats bare hooves or shoes horses with iron. Especially in former times of war the farrier was an important part of the military (Lingens, 2007). Horses had to work long times on hard ground. Hooves were worn down and protection was needed. Already in these times there have always been difficulties in farriery to agree to a consensus of treatment method (Bauer, 1964; Bulter, 1985; O'Grady et al., 2001; Wolfer, 1948). The equine industry changed within the last decades (Lingens, 2007). Horses are nowadays mainly used for sport and leisure purpose (Fürst et al., 2005). The demand for the horses' hooves also changed. This made horses owners and professionals think about treatment and protection of horses' feet. Still there is no consensus about hoof treatment. Especially in the last twenty years alternatives to the traditional farrier developed due to recognizable disadvantages of iron shoes (Fürst et al., 2005; Jackson, 2001; Ramey, 2003; Strasser, 2000a). Strasser (2000b) was one of the first advocates of bare hoof horses. She talks about shoeing as a “necessary evil”. Next to this also professionals like hoof orthopaedists, who treat bare hooves, and hoof technicians, who protect hooves with aluminium or plastic shoes, developed (Biernat, 2003). Today the number of farriers is estimated between 3000 and 5000 in Germany (EFFA, 2006). A number of 1500 to 2000 work full time in this business (Ammer, 2011, cited in Decker 2011). Additionally about 1000 alternative hoof treatment practitioners exist (DHG, 2005). These occupations have their own principles and are independent from the farriers. Although the alternatives disagree with the methods among one another, they agree in the one point that the farriery is an overhauled. They see their treatment as more comfortable and healthy for the horse (Cook, 2008; Strasser, 2000a). Next to the disagreement in treatment methods there is a huge variance in education (Fürst et al., 2005). There are practitioners which just participated in some weekend courses. Whereas farriers for example have to follow a three to four year education (BRD, 2006a; EFFA, 2010). There is no standardized level of knowledge, skills and attitude. Therefore the quality within the population of hoof treatment practitioners varies a lot. For the client, a horse owner or rider, it is hardly possible to decide what is the best for his horse within the supply of so called “hoof specialists” (Fürst et al., 2005). Especially in front of the background, that according to a research about causes of horses` death the most horses are put down because of lameness (Clayton, 1987), the quality of hoof treatment is a big issue. Clausen et al (1990) talk about 61.2 % of all leavings of the German warmblood breeding, which are caused by lameness. 20 % of the English thoroughbreds leaving the racing sport because of illness. Around 91.9 % of those have locomotion problems according to Petzold et al (1988). Most of these illnesses are located in the hooves. According to Vollbach (1954) around 90 % of lamenesses are caused by hoof problems. Rooney et al (1986) also talk about the most common cause of lameness located in the hoof or as a result of such. The study of Kaneene et al. (1996) ranks hoof problems within the top five of most frequently observed health problems. Several studies underpin these outcomes, that the locomotion problems are the most common causes for death or useless horses (Gutekunst, 1977; Butler, 1984; Rodewald, 1989; Seidensticker, 1999). Lameness has a huge impact on the welfare of horses. Appropriate treatment of hooves is essential for soundness and performance (Balch et al., 1995, cited by Kummer et al., 2007). Within the research of Kummer et al. (2007) a significant influence of the farrier on the hoof shape was found. The shape of the hoof also influences the function. Therefore it can be concluded that the quality of hoof treatment influences the function of hooves, health and so the welfare. Next to the direct effect for every single horse (Stede, 1976), there is also a big economic risk for the equine industry (Jeffcott et al, 1982). A study of insurances found out that the average age of horses becoming useless is around 8.5 years (Gutekunst, 1977). This was also found out by Butler et al. in 1984. 11
Page 1 and 2: Bachelor Thesis Advice on how to De
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Page 5 and 6: ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Das Angebot auf dem
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Österreichischer Hufschmiedeverban
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9.2 'Hufbeschlagverordnung' in more
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9.3.1 Alternative education institu
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Institute Educa tion Organisa tion
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9.5 Interview Vielen Dank, dass Sie
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9.6 Survey Fragebogen Vielen Dank,
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Hufeisens O verschiedene Bearbeitun
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Chi-Quadrat nach Pearson 10,636 a 1
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Prefer combination of educations*gr
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Bachelor Thesis - Christina Kuenen - Hufpfleger

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