Authoritarianism and Undsdevdopmenl

udq thc nilir.ry dl. of C46l Ayub, P.rbbn vd b€bg p@j€cr.d s 'a bener
bet to succeed cco.omically thd Koe5, Indonesia or Malaysia' ed .to cbs
over into thc r&rk of middl.- incone' 6utri.s'- '5 But, il did lot happen. IrE
daldc of dcvclopmdt 6 pmFa.d by nMr Mite6 of hod@iarion ih6ry
€ded in e dli{ryclopmdt mov@cnr agaitur the on@ nliotr ot walIh inlo
few hands, which fo@d C6dal Atlb to Gign dd .pelude !o the.vcnrs of1h€
civil wa od dr. delinting of the Estdn povine,. A a Gsrlt of rhe
lulldita'i&is inidabd i. i$ fir$ d.c!d., .P.ki$d is srill in th. maling, nill
iriving to 6rd . silblc ed .trarivc fom of govcmdt'.$
On the olh.r h&d India t cotuid.Ed .th€ mrld.s l{e$r dcmdEy. &d
is Faied for i6 succcs h building 6 solid constiuional srucim whq€ civil
ethondes havc ndd bm the&n d by chaltenges ton rhe milirsry. India
urlite Pali$an hls nevd *Fri4.d nilinry rule or 4q a siou mot by
rhc mnibry 10 int F6c in rhe politic.l pm.s &d enio. mililary officcs have
nd€t held hinb&rial omce ed have nev.r cndbnged lhe audoriry of lle
civilie Dinhtcr of defeme.e Regul& trsf.6 of po@ hlvc t!ke, ple
lhsugh &e &d go.nlly fan cbto6 ii strich participrion h6 bc.n saong.
Ard rew politicd foB hrv. ben 6bt€ lo ocre€ rcpKnring pFviouly eBL
&|d ud€Eprcent.d 8reups in si.ry dcapn. opposnion Aom tllditioml pow
elji6. But lDlitical d.moc@y wilhour includi.S the Firciplc of economic
* MNir G w.ut u4 P.[l@ Ml'tred r.imra m'sd oppotui'i6 : in r.d.) s.hg s
rn'ia Per H xELh.'!_ an D.rN r\u r.d.) 4. c,! D. 39
!(dfrE 'nd
D.nik Kur r.l.r a .ir, o 15
- Pa' R BN. Indi' Ctm(mrl prcgEs d pro5kft in Sdig s Hmo4 plrt H
KnBb.r& ad D.unj! xur (.d ) op or p 2t.
246