TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual - Bitsavers

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INPUT AND OUTPUT • PASCAL input and output procedures • Terminal 1/0 The input and output procedures are presente~ in alphabetical order. 7.1 FILE CHARACTERISTICS This section describes the organization of records and methods of accessing records. The term file organization app] ies to the way records are physically arranged on a storage device. The term record cccess refers to the method used to read records from or write records to a file, regardless of the file's organization. A file's organization is specified when the file is created and cannot be changed. Record access is specified each time the file is opened and can vary. 7.1.1 File Names The file name indicates the system name of a file that is represented by a PASCAL file variable in an OPEN procedure (Section 7.7). For the file name, you can specify a character-string expression that contains a TOPS-20 file specification or a logical name. Apostrophes are required to delimit a character-string constant or a logical name used as a file name. 7.1.2 Logical Names The TOPS-20 operating system provides the logical name mechanism as a way of making programs device and file independent. If you use logical names, your PASCAL program need not specify the particular device on which a file resides or the particular file that contains data. Specific devices and files can be defined at run time. A logical name is an alphanumeric string that you specify in place of a file specification. Logical names provide great flexibility because they can be associated not only with. a complete file specification, but also with a device, a device and a directory, or even another logical name. On TOPS-20 you can create a logical name and associate it with a file specification by means of the TOPS-20 DEFINE command. Thus, before program execution, you can associate the logical names in your program with the file specifications appropriate to your needs, for example: @DEFINE DATA: PS:
INPUT AND OUTPUT In executing this PASCAL statement, the system uses the file specification PS:TEST.DAT.2 for the logical name DATA:. To specify a different file when you execute the program again, issue another DEFINE command, for example: @DEFINE DATA: PS:
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TOPS-20 PASCAL Language Manual AA-L
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CONTENTS PREFACE CHAPTER 1 INTRODUC
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7 • 1 . 1 7 . 1 . 2 7 • 1 . 3 7
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G-l G-2 G-3 G-4 Status of Stack Aft
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• Appendix A lists the various me
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION PASCAL-20 is
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PROGRAM Calculator (INPUT, OUTPUT);
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INTRODUCTION 1.1.6 Compilation Unit
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INTRODUCTION 1.2.3 Identifiers PASC
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INTRODUCTION The semicolon and the
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INTRODUCTION In the following examp
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CHAPTER 2 PASCAL DATA TYPES This ch
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PASCAL DATA TYPES In addition to de
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PASCAL DATA TYPES You can use strin
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PASCAL DATA TYPES The base type can
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PASCAL DATA TYPES is BOOLEAN, then
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PASCAL DATA TYPES In the three-dime
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PASCAL DATA TYPES To assign values
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PASCAL DATA TYPES 2.3.1.5 Array Exa
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PASCAL DATA TYPES The fields in thi
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PASCAL DATA TYPES 2.3.2.2 Assigning
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PASCAL DATA TYPES For example, assu
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PASCAL DATA TYPES Sets are compatib
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PASCAL DATA TYPES Example 3 F I 1..
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PASCAL DATA TYPES Pointer type defi
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PASCAL DATA TYPES Example 2 VAR Cit
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EXPRESSIONS Table 3-1: Arithmetic O
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EXPRESSIONS TabJe 1-2: Result Types
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EXPRESSIONS The set operators (+, *
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EXPRESSIONS PROGRAM Level_.O (IN PU
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CHAPTEH 4 PROGRAM HEADING AND DECLA
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PROGRAM HEADING AND DECLARATION SEC
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PASCAL STATEMENTS Simple and compou
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PASCAL STATEMENTS Example q Ase~5 :
Page 78 and 79: PASCAL STATEMENTS The objects of th
Page 80 and 81: PASCAL STATEMENTS Example 1 CASE EN
Page 82 and 83: PASCAL STATE~ENTS Example 4 := 1 TO
Page 84 and 85: PASC~L STATEMENTS 5.5 THE WITH STAT
Page 86 and 87: PASCAL STATEMENTS Example FOR I :=
Page 89 and 90: CHAPTER ~ PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS
Page 91 and 92: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Table ~-l:
Page 93 and 94: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Table ~-1:
Page 95 and 96: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS This progr
Page 97 and 98: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS You can al
Page 99 and 100: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS This progr
Page 101 and 102: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Boolean fu
Page 105 and 106: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Table h-3:
Page 109 and 110: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Data items
Page 111 and 112: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS The actual
Page 113 and 114: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS An optiona
Page 115 and 116: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Example 1
Page 117 and 118: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS Fo rma t 1
Page 119 and 120: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS As a resul
Page 121 and 122: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS label sect
Page 123 and 124: PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS The functi
Page 125 and 126: PROCEDURES AND FUNrTIONS Example 1
Page 127: CHAPTER 7 INPUT AND OUTPUT This cha
Page 131 and 132: INPUT AND OUTPUT where: file variab
Page 133 and 134: INPUT AND OUTPUT When you reach the
Page 135 and 136: INPUT AND OUTPUT To specify only th
Page 137 and 138: INPUT AND OUTPUT 7.7.4 Record Type
Page 139 and 140: INPUT AND OUTPUT This example cause
Page 141 and 142: INPUT AND OUTPUT 7.9 THE PUT PROCED
Page 143 and 144: INPUT AND OUTPUT READ does not read
Page 145 and 146: INPUT AND OUTPUT This program fragm
Page 147 and 148: INPUT AND OUTPUT You must call REWR
Page 149 and 150: INPUT AND OUTPUT The following rule
Page 151 and 152: INPUT AND OUTPUT This example write
Page 153 and 154: INPUT l\ND OUTPUT Example 1 BEGIN W
Page 155: INPUT AND OUTPUT The first referenc
Page 158 and 159: USING PASCAL ON TOPS-20 8.2 FILE SP
Page 160 and 161: USING PASCAL ON TOPS-20 After plann
Page 162 and 163: USING P~SCAL ON TOPS-20 /TAKE The /
Page 164 and 165: USING PASCAL ON TOPS-20 If you omit
Page 166 and 167: USING PASCAL ON TOPS-20 The first c
Page 168 and 169: • AVERAGE SCORE SOURCE LISTING o
Page 170 and 171: USING PASCAL ON TOPS-20 The compile
Page 172 and 173: USING PASCAL ON TOPS-20 8.4.6.3 Cro
Page 174 and 175: USTNG PASCAL ON TOPS-20 Example 3 f
Page 176 and 177: PASDDT: THE PASCAL-20 DEBUGGER 9.3
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PASDDT: THE PASCAL-?O DEBUGGER cons
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PASDDT: THE PASCAL-20 DEBUGGER As s
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PASDDT: THE PASCAL-20 DEBUGGER Note
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PASDDT: THE PAS~AL-20 DEBUGGER ]. T
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P~SDDT: THE PASCAL-?O DEBUGGER To r
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._------------- Table A-I: Run-time
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PASCAL MESSAGES -------------------
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PASOl7 "BEGIN" ex
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PASIOS Sign not a
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PAS130 Expression
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PAS157 Case label
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PAS184 External p
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PAS?II Incorrect
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PASCAL MESSAGES ? PAS253 Too many a
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PASCAL MESSAGES % PAS457 Nonstandar
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ASCII CHARACTER SET Table 8-1: The
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APPENDIX C SYNTAX SUMMARY This appe
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SYNTAX Sm1MARY ::= I I I I
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SYNTAX Sur~MARY ::= := ::= I
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SYNTAX SU~1MARY ::= ft ::= ::=
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SYNTAX SUr-1MARY ""= ::= ,
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-------- ---- ---- ----------------
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ISO COMPLIANCE 4. A program paramet
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ISO CO~PLIANCE The DISPOSE procedur
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ISO COMPLIANCE In the UNPACK(z,i. ,
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ISO COMPLIANCE In a FOR statement,
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APPENDIX F DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PASC
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PASCAL-20 AND V
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APPENDIX G PROCEDURE AND FUNCTION C
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PROCEDURE AND FUNCTION CALLING SEQU
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PROCEDURE ~ND FUNCTION CALLING SEQU
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INDEX /ABORT switch, 8-7 ABS functi
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Function (Cont.) EOF, 1-7, 6-14 EOL
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INDEX (Co n t. ) Set operator, 1-8,
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- Do Not Tear - Fold Here and Tape
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