Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013 report

Technical Appendix
Drug-Resistant Campylobacter
Methods
Estimates of the number of illnesses and deaths from infections with
Campylobacter resistant to ciprofloxacin or azithromycin are reported.
They were derived by multiplying an estimate of the annual number
of Campylobacter illnesses or deaths in the United States 1 by the
average prevalence of resistance among Campylobacter tested by the
National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) during the years 2009–2011.
Resistance breakpoints from the NARMS 2011 Human Isolates Report were used. 2
Many assumptions were made in deriving the estimates. The estimated number of illnesses
from resistant Campylobacter was divided by the U.S. population and multiplied by 100,000
to calculate the estimated number of illnesses from resistant infections per 100,000
people. The U.S. population in 2006 (approximately 299 million people) was used for the
calculations because the estimated number of Campylobacter illnesses in the United States
was based on this population. 1 The sentinel county survey data displayed in Figure 1 was
previously reported. 3
References
1 Scallan E, Hoekstra RM, Angulo FJ, et al. Foodborne illness acquired in the United
States—major pathogens. Emerg Infect Dis 2011;17:7–15.
2 CDC. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria
(NARMS): Human Isolates Final Report, 2011. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services, CDC, 2013.
3 Gupta A, Nelson JM, Barrett TJ, et al. Antimicrobial Resistance among Campylobacter
Strains, United States, 1997–2001. Emerg Infect Dis 2004;10:1102-9.
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