Version 5.0 The LEDA User Manual

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11.6 Planar Maps ( planar map ) 1. Definition An instance M of the data type planar map is the combinatorial embedding of a planar graph, i.e., M is bidirected (for every edge (v, w) of M the reverse edge (w, v) is also in M) and there is a planar embedding of M such that for every node v the ordering of the edges in the adjacency list of v corresponds to the counter-clockwise ordering of these edges around v in the embedding. #include < LEDA/graph/planar map.h > 2. Creation planar map M(const graph& G); creates an instance M of type planar map and initializes it to the planar map represented by the directed graph G. Precondition: G represents a bidirected planar map, i.e. for every edge (v, w) in G the reverse edge (w, v) is also in G and there is a planar embedding of G such that for every node v the ordering of the edges in the adjacency list of v corresponds to the counterclockwise ordering of these edges around v in the embedding. 3. Operations edge M.new edge(edge e1 , edge e2 ) inserts the edge e = (source(e 1 ), source(e 2 )) and its reversal into M and returns e. Precondition: e 1 and e 2 are bounding the same face F . The operation splits F into two new faces. face M.del edge(edge e) deletes the edge e and its reversal from M. The two faces adjacent to e are united to one new face which is returned. edge M.split edge(edge e) splits edge e = (v, w) and its reversal r = (w, v) into edges (v, u), (u, w), (w, u), and (u, v). Returns the edge (u, w). node M.new node(const list& el) splits the face bounded by the edges in el by inserting a new node u and connecting it to all source nodes of edges in el. Precondition: all edges in el bound the same face. node M.new node(face f) splits face f into triangles by inserting a new node u and connecting it to all nodes of f. Returns u.
list M.triangulate( ) triangulates all faces of M by inserting new edges. The list of inserted edges is returned. 4. Implementation Planar maps are implemented by parameterized directed graph. All operations take constant time, except for new edge and del edge which take time O(f) where f is the number of edges in the created faces and triangulate and straight line embedding which take time O(n) where n is the current size (number of edges) of the planar map.
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Version 5.0 The LEDA User Manual Al
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4.14 Socket Streambuffer ( socket s
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9.11 Move-To-Front Coder II ( MTF2C
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13.1.2 Handles and Iterators . . .
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16.7 Simplices in 3D-Space ( d3 sim
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License Terms and Availability Any
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7. LEDA is available from Algorithm
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Chapter 2 Basics An extended versio
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XYZ y(x1, ... ,xt); ,tk > and uses
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2.3.1 Linear Orders Many data types
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dictionary D0; // default ordering
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2.3.3 Implementation Parameters Man
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lookup returned the location where
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list::iterator defines the iterator
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• internal (LEDA/incl/internal/)
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string s(const char ∗ p); string
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ool bool bool bool istream& ostream
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string buffer, i.e., all output ope
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andom source& S ≫ char& x random
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int R.set weight(int i, int g) sets
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4.10 Memory Allocator ( leda alloca
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4.11 Error Handling ( error ) LEDA
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4.12 Files and Directories ( file )
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4.13 Sockets ( leda socket ) 1. Def
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ool S.receive string(string& s) rec
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ool sb.failed( ) returns whether a
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4.15 Some Useful Functions ( misc )
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4.16 Timer ( timer ) 1. Definition
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unsigned fibonacci(unsigned n) { st
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unsigned fibonacci(unsigned n) { st
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int Hash(const two tuple& p) hash f
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3. Creation four tuple p; creates a
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4.21 A date interface ( date ) 1. D
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3. Creation date D; creates an inst
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string D.get month name( ) returns
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Now we show an example in which dif
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integer integer a(const char ∗ s)
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5.2 Rational Numbers ( rational ) 1
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5.3 The data type bigfloat ( bigflo
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ounding modes bigfloat :: get round
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ostream& ostream& os ≪ const bigf
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double x.get double error( ) bigflo
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int int real roots(const Polynomial
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√ y v = b 1 c 2 + b 2 c 1 ± sign
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5.5 Interval Arithmetic in LEDA ( i
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void x.set midpoint(VOLATILE I doub
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5.7 The mod kernel of type residual
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int residual :: required primetable
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5.9 A Floating Point Filter ( float
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5.10 Double-Valued Vectors ( vector
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double v.zcoord( ) returns the seco
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matrix matrix matrix vector M + con
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5.12 Vectors with Integer Entries (
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5.13 Matrices with Integer Entries
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integer matrix inverse(const intege
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distinct representatives and linear
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at vector v(const array& A); introd
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int compare by angle(const rat vect
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5.15 Real-Valued Vectors ( real vec
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int compare by angle(const real vec
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eal matrix M + const real matrix& M
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5.17.2 Integration double integrate
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array A(int low, const E& x, const
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int A.binary locate(int (∗cmp)(co
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6.3 Stacks ( stack ) 1. Definition
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6.5 Bounded Stacks ( b stack ) 1. D
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6.7 Linear Lists ( list ) 1. Defini
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const E& L.pop front( ) same as L.p
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Sorting and Searching void L.sort(i
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Input and Output void L.read(istrea
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6.8 Singly Linked Lists ( slist ) 1
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6.9 Sets ( set ) 1. Definition An i
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4. Implementation Sets are implemen
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int set S | const int set& T return
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d int set S − const d int set& T
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6.12 Partitions ( partition ) 1. De
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6.13 Parameterized Partitions ( Par
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void D.evert(vertex v) makes v the
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4. Implementation Dynamic collectio
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dictionary D(int (∗cmp)(const K&
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7.2 Dictionary Arrays ( d array ) 1
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{ d_array dic; dic["hello"] = "hall
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ool A.empty( ) returns true if A is
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Note that it is not possible to ite
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void M.clear( ) clears M by making
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p dictionary D.change inf(p dic ite
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void D.del(const K& k) deletes the
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3. Creation sortseq S; creates an i
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seq item S.max item( ) returns the
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Iteration forall items(it, S) { “
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Chapter 8 Priority Queues 8.1 Prior
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6. Example Dijkstra’s Algorithm (
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int Q.size( ) returns the size of Q
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Assume that you want to send the fi
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9.1 Adaptive Arithmetic Coder ( A0C
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uint32 C.get scale threshold( ) uin
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uint32 C.decode memory chunk(const
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3. Creation PPMIICoder C(streambuf
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9.4 Deflation/Inflation Coder ( Def
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void C.set compression level(int le
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void void C.set src stream(streambu
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streambuf ∗ C.get src stream( ) r
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streambuf ∗ C.get src stream( ) r
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uint32 C.decode memory chunk(const
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uint32 C.encode memory chunk(const
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9.10 Move-To-Front Coder ( MTFCoder
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9.11 Move-To-Front Coder II ( MTF2C
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9.12 RLE for Runs of Zero ( RLE0Cod
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9.13 Checksummers ( checksummer bas
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ool C.checksum is valid( ) returns
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9.19 Encoding Output Stream ( encod
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ostream& os.seekp(streamoff off , i
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9.23 Coder Pipes ( CoderPipe2 ) 1.
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void C.set coder1(Coder1 ∗ c1 , b
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void void C.set src stream(streambu
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3. Operations Standard Operations v
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string out_file1 = tmp_file_name(),
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void mb.truncate(streamsize n) also
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Page 267 and 268: Chapter 11 Graphs and Related Data
Page 269 and 270: 2. Creation graph G; creates an obj
Page 271 and 272: edge G.first in edge(node v) return
Page 273 and 274: void G.hide node(node v) removes no
Page 275 and 276: void G.bucket sort nodes(int l, int
Page 277 and 278: edge G.new map edge(edge e1 , edge
Page 279 and 280: edge edge edge G.new edge(node v, e
Page 281 and 282: void void G.print(string s, ostream
Page 283 and 284: graph algorithms, i.e., algorithms
Page 285 and 286: void void G.sort nodes(const list&
Page 287 and 288: • Opposite Graphs (opposite graph
Page 289 and 290: 4. Operations The interface consist
Page 291 and 292: int main () { static_graph G; array
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Page 299 and 300: void A.init(const graph t& G, int n
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Page 307 and 308: ool M.use edge data(const graph t&
Page 309 and 310: E& M[face f] returns the variable M
Page 311 and 312: 4. Implementation Node matrices for
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Page 317 and 318: node L.cyclic pred(node v) returns
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Page 323 and 324: 11.22 Graph Generators ( graph gen
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GRAPH TRANSITIVE CLOSURE(const gra
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template bool SHORTEST PATH T(cons
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template bool ALL PAIRS SHORTEST P
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The algorithms have the following a
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inline NT MAX FLOW GRH T(const grap
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12.5 Minimum Cut ( min cut ) A cut
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that the bipartition (A, B) is give
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The pre-instantiations for number t
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template bool CHECK MIN WEIGHT ASS
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in general graph. You may skip the
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Worst-Case Running Time: All functi
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list MIN WEIGHT PERFECT MATCHING T(
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12.10 Stable Matching ( stable matc
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12.11 Minimum Spanning Trees ( min
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12.13 Algorithms for Planar Graphs
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ool bool Is CCW Ordered(const graph
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ool void void void TUTTE EMBEDDING(
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Chapter 13 Graphs and Iterators 13.
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The purpose of each iterator is the
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template void set_and_check (graph
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In addition to the algorithm mentio
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13.3 Edge Iterators ( EdgeIt ) 1. D
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#include < LEDA/graph/graph iterato
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OutAdjIt OutAdjIt OutAdjIt it(const
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OutAdjIt& −−it performs one ste
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ool it.eol( ) returns !it.valid( )
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void it.del( ) deletes the marked l
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3. Operations void fc.init(const le
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We would have to write something li
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Equal is a class that compares two
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used only as a “Trojan horse,”
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typename DataAccessor :: value type
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13.14 Constant Accessors ( constant
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13.16 Node Attribute Accessors ( no
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GIT BFS< OutAdjIt, Queuetype, Mark
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3. dfs grow depth: a new adjacency
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• indegree stores for every node
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• Mark is a data accessor that ha
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OutAdjIt algorithm.curr adj( ) retu
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14.1 Points ( point ) 1. Definition
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point p.reflect(const point& q, con
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ool contained in simplex(const arra
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4. Operations point s.start( ) retu
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segment s.rotate90(const point& q,
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double r.direction( ) returns the d
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14.4 Straight Lines ( line ) 1. Def
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line l.translate(const vector& v) r
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14.5 Circles ( circle ) 1. Definiti
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circle C + const vector& v returns
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14.6 Polygons ( POLYGON ) 1. Defini
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const list& P.segments( ) returns t
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ool P.inside(const POINT & p) bool
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14.7 Generalized Polygons ( GEN POL
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GEN POLYGON GEN POLYGON :: make wea
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int P.side of(const POINT & p) regi
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14.8 Triangles ( triangle ) 1. Defi
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triangle t.rotate90(const point& q,
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double r.height( ) returns the heig
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14.10 Rational Points ( rat point )
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at point p.reflect(const rat point&
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int side of halfspace(const rat poi
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at segment s(const segment& s1 , in
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ational s.y abs( ) returns the y-ab
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14.12 Rational Rays ( rat ray ) 1.
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ool r.contains(const rat segment& s
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void l.normalize( ) simplifies the
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at line p bisector(const rat point&
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at circle C(const circle& c, int pr
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14.15 Rational Triangles ( rat tria
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at triangle t − const rat vector&
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list r.vertices( ) returns the vert
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list r.intersection(const rat recta
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int p.orientation(const real point&
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eal area(const real point& a, const
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14.18 Real Segments ( real segment
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ool s.intersection(const real segme
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14.19 Real Rays ( real ray ) 1. Def
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Non-Member Functions int orientatio
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4. Operations real point l.point1(
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int cmp slopes(const real line& l1
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eal circle C(const circle& c, int p
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ool radical axis(const real circle&
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eal point t.point3( ) returns the t
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14.23 Iso-oriented Real Rectangles
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eal rectangle r.translate(real dx,
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14.24 Geometry Algorithms ( geo alg
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edge TRIANGULATE PLANE MAP(GRAPH &
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gen polygon MINKOWSKI SUM(const pol
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ool MIN WIDTH ANNULUS(const list& L
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double CLOSEST PAIR(list& L, point&
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14.25 Transformation ( TRANSFORM )
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TRANSFORM reflection(const POINT& q
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void random points in unit cube(int
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void random points on unit circle(i
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const rat point& p.to rat point( )
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circle segment cs(const rat circle&
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list cs.intersection(const r circle
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14.29 Polygons with circular edges
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CHECK TYPE P.check simplicity( ) ch
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ool P.inside(const r circle point&
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circle gen polygon P (KIND k); crea
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list P.intersection(const rat line&
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double P.approximate area( ) approx
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const I& D.inf(dic2 item it) return
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15.2 Point Sets and Delaunay Triang
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ool T.is hull edge(edge e) as above
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list T.range search(node v, const P
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15.3 Sets of Intervals ( interval s
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15.4 Sets of Parallel Segments ( se
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15.5 Sets of Parallel Rational Segm
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15.6 Planar Subdivisions ( subdivis
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16.1 Points in 3D-Space ( d3 point
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d3 point midpoint(const d3 point& a
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ool outside sphere(const d3 point&
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ool bool r.project xz(ray& m) if th
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segment s.project xy( ) returns the
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ool l.project(const d3 point& p, co
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double p.sqr dist(const d3 point& q
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16.6 Spheres in 3D-Space ( d3 spher
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16.7 Simplices in 3D-Space ( d3 sim
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16.8 Rational Points in 3D-Space (
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d3 rat point p.translate(const rat
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ool coplanar(const d3 rat point& a,
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d3 rat point random d3 rat point in
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void random d3 rat points on segmen
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ool r.project xy(rat ray& m) bool r
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ool l.project yz(rat line& m) if th
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16.11 Rational Segments in 3D-Space
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d3 rat segment s + const rat vector
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d3 plane p.to float( ) returns a fl
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16.13 Rational Spheres ( d3 rat sph
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16.14 Rational Simplices ( d3 rat s
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16.15 3D Convex Hull Algorithms ( d
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Chapter 17 Graphics This section de
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17.2 Windows ( window ) 1. Definiti
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18. The buttons per line parameter
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void W.display(window& W 0 , int x,
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void W.set show coord object(const
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int W.menu bar height( ) returns th
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void W.draw ray(point p, point q, l
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void W.draw filled ellipse(double x
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void void void void void W.draw rou
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void void void W.draw edge(double x
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void W.screenshot(string fname, boo
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int W.read mouse seg(const point& p
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int W.read event(int& val, double&
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window& W ≫ segment& s reads a se
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panel item W.bool item(string s, bo
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panel item W.int item(string s, int
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int W.button(string s, const char
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int W.button(string s, window& M, c
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void void void W.redraw panel(panel
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17.4 Menues ( menu ) 1. Definition
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17.5 Postscript Files ( ps file ) 1
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shape: the shape of the node (type
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void gw.display(int x, int y) displ
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param type gw.set param(node v, par
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string gw.set edge index format(str
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void void gw.transform layout(node
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int bool bool gw.load layout(istrea
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void void gw.set edge slider handle
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int bool bool bool bool bool bool g
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void gw.restore all attributes( ) .
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6. edge index format format This li
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of GraphWin) are 0 (central pos) 1
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17.7.1 A complete example LEDA.GRAP
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17.8 Geometry Windows ( GeoWin ) 1.
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0 will be drawn on top in the order
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geowin new scene and geowin get obj
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e inserted in the result scene. In
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geo_scene sc_points = gw.new_scene(
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} }; int main() { GeoWin gw; list L
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virtual bool is_running(const GeoWi
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geo scene void int GW.get scene wit
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color GW.get fill color(geo scene s
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void∗ GW.set client data(geo scen
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color GW.set obj color(GeoBaseScene
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template string GW.set obj label(G
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string string GW.get bg pixmap( ) r
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• A DRAG (button not released)
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template bool GW.set post del hand
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geowin_gui_rat_transform geowin_gui
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ool GW.del(geo scenegroup GS , geo
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void GW.set d3 fcn(geo scene sc, vo
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17.9 Windows for 3d visualization (
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int D.move( ) animates the contents
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Chapter 18 Implementations 18.1 Lis
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void clear(); int size() const; };
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18.2.3 Sorted Sequences Any class s
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libGeoW is the LEDA library providi
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(b) Type VCVARS32 (VSVARS32). 2. Go
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LEDA MEMORY STD: If this is set, th
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When using graphics on Solaris syst
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(7) Double click on prog.cpp If you
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• extend LIB by Otherwise add ne
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and at least one of the following d
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• Copy leda .dll to the bin\ subd
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Preparations To install LEDA you on
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• libg .lib libl .lib for program
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cl -TP prog.c Programs using grap
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Automatic Setting Include header fi
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The default value is ”/MLd”, al
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2. Windows 95/98: (a) Add the line
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Preparations To install LEDA you on
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A.16 Platforms When this manual was
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(b) For objects x and y of an indep
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A and B are different objects: A ==
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if (p.y > q.y) return 1; return 0;
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partypes={no, yes} Determines how p
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Stacks ( stack ) 1. Definition An i
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Bibliography [1] H. Alt, N. Blum, K
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[31] I. Fary: “On Straight Line R
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[67] M. Mignotte: Mathematics for C
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Index Symbols L A TEX . . . . . . .
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adj nodes(...) graph . . . . . . .
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circle gen polygon . . . . . . . .
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at ray . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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CBCCoder< BlkCipher > . . . . . . .
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disconnect() leda socket . . . . .
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edges() GEN POLYGON . . . . . . . .
Page 789 and 790:
finger locate pre...(...) sortseq .
Page 791 and 792:
checksummer base . . . . . . . . .
Page 793 and 794:
OMACCoder< BlkCipher > . . . . . .
Page 795 and 796:
get stack() GIT DFS . . . . . . . .
Page 797 and 798:
in pred(...) graph . . . . . . . .
Page 799 and 800:
eal triangle . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 801 and 802:
at segment . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 803 and 804:
eal rectangle . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 805 and 806:
mw matching . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 807 and 808:
outdeg(...) graph . . . . . . . . .
Page 809 and 810:
pos(...) POINT SET . . . . . . . .
Page 811 and 812:
eal matrix . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 813 and 814:
FaceIt . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 815 and 816:
save gw(...) GraphWin . . . . . . .
Page 817 and 818:
set edge index fo...(...) GraphWin
Page 819 and 820:
GeoWin . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 821 and 822:
DeflateCoder . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 823 and 824:
planar map . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 825 and 826:
d3 rat point . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 827 and 828:
GraphWin . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 829 and 830:
at segment . . . . . . . . . . . .
show all

Version 5.0 The LEDA User Manual

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