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Version 5.0 The LEDA User Manual

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4.14 Socket Streambuffer ( socket streambuf ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43<br />

4.15 Some Useful Functions ( misc ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46<br />

4.16 Timer ( timer ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48<br />

4.17 Counter ( counter ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51<br />

4.18 Two Tuples ( two tuple ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53<br />

4.19 Three Tuples ( three tuple ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54<br />

4.20 Four Tuples ( four tuple ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55<br />

4.21 A date interface ( date ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58<br />

5 Number Types and Linear Algebra 65<br />

5.1 Integers of Arbitrary Length ( integer ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65<br />

5.2 Rational Numbers ( rational ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68<br />

5.3 <strong>The</strong> data type bigfloat ( bigfloat ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70<br />

5.4 <strong>The</strong> data type real ( real ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75<br />

5.5 Interval Arithmetic in <strong>LEDA</strong> ( interval ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82<br />

5.6 Modular Arithmetic in <strong>LEDA</strong> ( residual ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85<br />

5.7 <strong>The</strong> mod kernel of type residual ( residual ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86<br />

5.8 <strong>The</strong> smod kernel of type residual ( residual ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87<br />

5.9 A Floating Point Filter ( floatf ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90<br />

5.10 Double-Valued Vectors ( vector ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92<br />

5.11 Double-Valued Matrices ( matrix ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95<br />

5.12 Vectors with Integer Entries ( integer vector ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98<br />

5.13 Matrices with Integer Entries ( integer matrix ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100<br />

5.14 Rational Vectors ( rat vector ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105<br />

5.15 Real-Valued Vectors ( real vector ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110<br />

5.16 Real-Valued Matrices ( real matrix ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113<br />

5.17 Numerical Analysis Functions ( numerical analysis ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115<br />

5.17.1 Minima and Maxima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115<br />

5.17.2 Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116<br />

5.17.3 Useful Numerical Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116<br />

5.17.4 Root Finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116<br />

6 Basic Data Types 117<br />

6.1 One Dimensional Arrays ( array ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117<br />

6.2 Two Dimensional Arrays ( array2 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121<br />

6.3 Stacks ( stack ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122<br />

6.4 Queues ( queue ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

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