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Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) Status ofwild Populatiotrs: Extirpated. Noted by Anderson ( 1898) to have been present in what is now Isracl. Inhabited the Kishon (Qishon), Zerak, and Jordan rivers. Msnag€menaand Conservation Programs: Nowildpopuladons exisl. In 1985, two crocodile farms were in operation. Bolh farms had C. ,'rloncr4 stock a.d ono was brccding an exotic species (Alligator nississippiensis; Luxmoore et al. l98s). Country Rathg Survey Data: I-no su.vey planned Wild Population Status: 2-extirpated Management Program: E.3-farming Contarl Guy Ben-Moshe, Emanuel Solnik, Prof. Yehudah Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus'1 Status of Wild Populations: Surveys during 198l-1983 by Wai&uwai( ( 1988) found a mininum density of0.83/km in the Comoe Rivor (Comoc National Park) (plus anoder 0.834m unidentified crocodilirns), but no C. ,tlo.icrr in ihe Hana River in Tai Nalional Park. Density in coastalagoons was very low (0.054m, plus 0.09/kn unidentified). Poolcy (1982) felt that crocodile populations had dealined due to habilat loss and illegal hunting. Surveys in $e early 1980s for the establishment of commercial crocodile ranches found populations !o be ve.y depleted g-uxmoore et al. 1985). Management and Conservetion Programs: See C, c ol aphtoc tu: accofit attoee. Country Rsting Survey Data: trl-baric survey dal.a Wild Population Status: 4-depleiej,/wlnerable Management Program: Clcgislation Slender-snouted crocodile Nile crocodile Dwarf crocodile Iyory Coast Slender-snouted crocodile (C r o c o dy Iu s . at ap h r ac h! s) Slatus of Wild Populstiotrs: Surveys were conducrcd Fom 1981- 1983 in three areas in the lvory Coast (Wai&uwail 1988). In the Como€ Rivcr in Comoe National Park, a btal crocodilian density of 1.77,&m (over 133.2 kn) was found with 0.11 C. cotop b acl Ls Wr km and'.83/km unidcntifi ed crocodilians. In the Hana River in Tai National Park overall density was 0.93l km, \\ti$, 050^m catap hra.r&r and 0.40/m unidentified (21.0 km surveyed). Surveys in coastal lagoons found very low crocodiledensity: 0.m3km cataphroctu.s, 0.094m unidentified, and 0.15/km lolal (360 km surveyed). Poolcy ( 1982) comments that lhis sf'ccies is considere.d to be out of danger. Howcver, surveys in tho early 1980s for thc establishmcnt of commercial crocodile mnchcs found populalions to be vcry deplcled (Luxmoor et al. 1985). Manag€ment and Conservation P.ograms: Commerchl hunting is rcgulatcd by the Arrete reglemenl la chassc dcs crocodilcs (1967), wiri a minimum legal belly widdr of25 cm. An overall huniing ban was established in 1974 (Klcmm and Navid 1989). The establishment ofcommercial ranches was not considered feasible due to lhc low numbers of wild cIoco, dilos; instcad, a farrning operation wasrecommended (Luxmoore etal.l985), but lhis was nor developed. Country Rating Survey Data: Ill-basic survey alata Wild Population Status: 4-depleted/wlnerable ManagementProgram: C-logislation Dwaf crocodile (Os teolaemus tetraspis) Status of Wild Populations: Surveys by Wai*uwait (1988) in 1981-1983 found very low densities of this species in two naiional parks, and in some coastal lagoons (0.006-0.02/&In). Pooley (1982) commenEd that $e species was rare and rhar declines are attributed 1o poaching and habirat loss. Managemenl and Conservation Programs: O. /"'/aspishas been legally prorecred since lg79 (Poole) 1982). Country Rating Surv€y Data: Ill-basic survey dara Wild Population Slatus: 4-depleted,/vulnerable Management Prograrn: Clegislation Contact: Dr. W. Ekke Waitkuwait Nile cro€odile Kenya Nife crocodile (Croco dylus ,riloticus) Sratus of Wild Populations: Surveys of C. |lilrr;.,lr popula, tions were conducted in 1988 by Hutlon (1989c). Five areas werc suryeyed by fix€d-wing aircraft including: lhe Tana, Ewaso Ngiro, and Sabakvcalana rivers, asd lakes Turkana and Baringo. It was concluded that population levels have declined since 1he lat€ 1960s, and lhat this dealine was principally attributable to an increaso in Kcnya's human populalion, and the rccent effects of a severc droughL Human exploitation of the Tana River populalion was intense. Observable population <strong>size</strong>s and alensities (not ahsolutc figures) were estimared to be: I-ake Baringo-88.6, Lake Turkana-2,376. Ewaso Ngiro River- 0.90-0.07,&m (90 km survcyed), Tana River-0.004.83/kn 22
(140 km surveyed), Sabatvcalana River-0.0-1.5Am 020 km surveyed) (Hutron 1989c). halchlings, and habitar desrruclion were li$ed as conservauon problems. Menagement and Consc*ation programs: Crocodilos are Management snd Conserration programs: protocted Fully protected under the Wildlife (Conservation and Management) by Decision of rhe Presidenr, 1978 (Klemm and Navid 1989). Act which requires a permit for exploitation. Limited permitr were issued to Baobab Farm for egg coltecrjon. S ince I 484, rhe Country Rating uncontsolled colleclion of eggs, harchlings, and even adulr Survey Data: tr-surveys planned crocodiles ftom rhe Tana River by Mamba Vilago Crocodite Wild Population Shtus: l-unknown Farm has caused a great deal of concem. Cunentlv Baobab ManagementProgram: Clegistation Farm is opemtinS a5 a crocodile farrn and Mamba Vi ase as a ranch ing operarion ( H unon I q8qa L Kenya has rc.eived ;,000 hide exflort quota under CITES, iodeasing to 6,000 in l99l (Hemley 1989). Country Rating Survey Dara: Ill-basic surv€y data WildPopulalion Srarus: 4depleied,/wlnerable ManagemenL Prograrn: E. | {roppin8. E.2-ranching, E.3-farming Conlactr R-D. Haller, Dr. Jon M. Hunon, Ariel Zitber Dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemus tetraspis) Status of Wild Populsaions: No recent survey data arE available. Along wi$ ahe oIher two sf€cies, O. ,etrdspir was r€porled !o be common in the mangroves surrounding the capital of Monrovia. A historical reference mentions ihis species using holes dug into foresred riveftants (pooloy 1982). rlr'ailkuwait (1989) stares dlat this spe.ies can be found in $e Mano, tnffa, Sr. Paul, Mani, Cess, Sangwin, and Douabe Slender-snour€d crocodile Nile crocodile Dwarf crocodile Liberia Slender.snouted crocodile (C r o c o dy I u s c atap hrac tu s) Management and Conservation programs: Fuly prorected by Decision of ihe Presidenl, 19?8 (Klemm and Navid 1989). Country Rating Survey Data: I,no survcy planned Wild Population Sratus: I,unknown Managemenr Program: Clcgislarion Contact Alexander Pml Status of Wild Populations: No recen! survey da[a are ayallable. C . cataphractur was reporred Io b€ abundant in rhe Madagascar St. Paul, St John, and Maa-fa.ivcrs in the lare 1960s. More recent reports suggest thai this species was common Nile in crocodile the mangroves surrounding lhe capial of Monrovia, wherc little hunting was raking place. poaching anal habial oesnLrcrron Nile crocodife (Cfa.odllus nitoticus) were considercd to be problems. Wai&uwair (t 989) shres ftat this spccies can bc found in rhe Mano, Loffa, Sr. paul, StatusofWildPopulations: Mani, Aerial and noctumal countr of 36 Cess, Sangwin, and Douab€ rivers. rivers and lakes were conducred in 1987-1988 by Behra and Hutron (1989). <strong>Crocodile</strong>s were found to be widespread, Managehent and Conse.€tion programs: Fully probcred especially along th€ island's west coast, but densities werc very by Decision ofthePr€sidenr, 1978 (Ktemm Iow. and Navid The highest 1989). obscrved densiry based on ae.ial survey rras 0.27,&m (Mangoky River; 180 km surveyed), which is well Country Raling t'elow thc densities observcd in Zimbabwe or Zambia (Huuon Survey Dara: III basic survcy data 1989a). Wild Population Status: 4-depleted,/vulnerabte Overhunting is considered to pose a serious thr€al Io crocodile populations in Madagascar. Also, thc rapid growth of the Managemenr ft ogram: Clegislarion human populaiion and exlensive.ice culrivation indicarcs that Iarge amounIs of crocodile habilar are being losr (Behm anal Nile crocodile (Crocodtlus niloticus) Hulton 1989). Statusof Wild Populations: No rccent survoy data are avail_ Manegement and Conservation pro$ams: prior to 198g, able. Th€ account in Pooley ( 1982) suggcsts rhat the specics is crocodiles were considered vermin and no effort was madc to endanSered but also reports lhat it is common in the mangroves control hunring. By dccre€ in 1988, crocodiles were reclassi_ surounding the capiEl of Monrovia. Hide hunting, sate of ficd as game animals, and hunring is regulated by pcnnit. The 23
Page 1 and 2: Crocodiles An Action Plan for their
Page 3: Crocodiles An Action Plan for their
Page 6 and 7: Peru...............................
Page 8 and 9: Specialist Group, Florida Museum of
Page 11 and 12: Objectives and Organization of the
Page 13 and 14: Comnon clinan, Cairu' .'d.or'il!i,
Page 15 and 16: 3. Lcal residenLs. The cconomic val
Page 17 and 18: (Res. Cont 1.1 and 1.2). This requi
Page 19 and 20: nanagemenr, and the fact thal croco
Page 21 and 22: Species-specifi c Conservation Prio
Page 23 and 24: Country Accounts Introduction This
Page 25 and 26: Slender-snouted crQcodile (C r o c
Page 27 and 28: of 20 was established for 1985- 198
Page 29 and 30: C-rocodllus cataphrdctus. C rocodll
Page 31: Slender-snouted crocodile (C ro c o
Page 35 and 36: Nife crocodile (Crocodylus t ilotic
Page 37 and 38: Dwarf crocodile (Os teolaemus tetra
Page 39 and 40: Country Ratitrg Survey Data: I-no s
Page 41 and 42: Wild Population Status: l-u*nown Ma
Page 43 and 44: populalion of Nile crocodiles was t
Page 45 and 46: a large-scale rescarch progam, whic
Page 47 and 48: Matragementand Conservation Prcgram
Page 49 and 50: (Chen 1990a). However, in Xuancheng
Page 51 and 52: Conlact: D. Basu, B. C. Choudhurv,
Page 53 and 54: sp€cics has also be€n reponedly
Page 55 and 56: km) (Whitakor lgsa). From thos€ d
Page 57 and 58: - Mugger Gharial pakistan 1982). Kl
Page 59 and 60: anch in Lae. In 1988, a lotal of I,
Page 61 and 62: crccodilc habitat in the Solomon ls
Page 63 and 64: Wild Population Status: 3-severely
Page 65 and 66: life Prot€ction Acf' and banned c
Page 67 and 68: - Klemm and Navid I989) in BraTil,
Page 69 and 70: N.0017-87). Ranching or cropping pr
Page 71 and 72: Cainan in i\e La er Swamp, bul lhis
Page 73: Dwafi cAiman ( P aleo suchus palpeb

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