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official huntiog s€ason is I May lhrough the fusl Sunday in Dopulalion was tmnsfen€d to CITES Append ll in 1985 October. However, in Ocbber, 1988 hunting *as lEponed !o G;solution Conf. 5.21) and an exponquolr o[ 500 was eslablished. The quoa for cropped skins was increased |o ?00 in be continuing unabaled (Hutton 1989a). ln 1985, Madagascar ssked fol and received an annual quota 198? (for $eperiod 1987-1989), and an additional Bnched skin of 1,000 crocodiles undor Resolution Conf 5.2l Only f55 ouo|2qa(qiven ( 1987-200, I q88' 300, 1988-600) Alttle 1989 skins were exponed in 1985, bul this increased to 600 skins in it.Igs conterence. tle tutala w i crocodile population was nans' 1986. The 1987 quota was also 1 ,000' but an additional 2'65 I ferrcd to Appendix II under the ranching crit€rja so no CITESimDosed limits on ranched hidos are in effect. This was done stockpiled skins were authorized for export by CITES as a s'ep to encoumge the govemment to develop a sustainable use with the understanding that Malawi would reduce its wild managcment policy. One thousand skins were expo(ed in ciopping program. However, at dle 1989 CITES conference 1988. During the Priod 1985- 1989 it is e'stinated that l7'50o Malawi indicarcd that a limited amount of cropping would crocodiles were killed in Madagascar, mosdy fd local sale of continuo, including the rcmoval ofnuignc€ animals. Croco_ coods to tourists (CITES 1989). dile paedation on humans accoun6 fol some l0- 15 deaths a yeal In 1989, Madagascare4uesled to keep its crocodile popularion on Appendix tr under the provisions of Resolrttion Conf One uocodtle ranch, the Dwanga Crocodile Ranch' is cur- (Hunon 1989a). 3.15 (ranching criteria). This request was lrmed down bul the rently in oporation. Beginning in 1984 ihis ranch was given a,l crocodrle population was ke on Appedix II pursuant to annual quola of2,m0 eggs, which was reduced in 1986 to 1'600 ResolutionCont. 5.2 t,withazetoquo(afor la90.andanannual eggs. Another ranch was reportcdly being established in ouola of 2.000 ranch€d skins f$ I94l'19y2. Mangochi. fie Dwanga Crocodile Ranch has had high hatchling and low monality rates and is aiming at a Foduction of Madagascar has proposed an ambiuous nnching program, and this is being supponed drough an FAO crocodile managemont pmjecl Howcver, atpres€nt only one nnch is in opdation breeding population of crocodiles for farning purposes 1,600 skins per year. Th€ ranch has also established a small (CITES in Madagascar. Furthermoro, the wild popula[ons havc been cropped so severely that there aro no known areas where a largo_ scale egg collection program can be initiated (Behra and Hutton r989). Country Rating Survey Data: Ill-basic survey alala WildPopulation Status: 3-severely depletcd/endangcred ManagcmenlProgram: 8.1'cropping,E.2-ranching 1989). The Malawi govemmena requires the release of 5% of the ranched qocodiles into the wild, and 50 juveniles were releasod in 1987 (Hutton 1989a) Country Raaing Survey Data: Ill-basic s|lrvey data wild Population Slatus: 4-depleted/wlnerable Managcment hogmm: E.l{ropping, E.2-ranching' E.3'farming Conaact: Raymond Rakotonindrina, Olivier Behra' Contect: RHV Bell,JNB Mphando' Henri Nsanjama' J. Christophe Peyre Daren Bruessow. P Stover Nile crocodtle Malawi Slender'snouied crocodile Nile crocodile Dwarf crocodile Mali Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) Slender-snouted crocodile Status of Wild Populations: Surveys were conductcd in $e (C t o c o dJ lu s c ot ap h r ac tu s) mid-1980s by Uhlric (1984), Tello (1985a), and Mphande (1981. Overall results indicatc that crocodiles are widely Status of W d Populations: No recent survey dal, ar€ distributed, with Mphande (1987) finding crocodiles at l0 of available. Hidc hunting wai urcontrolled pior to 1969. Habitat dcsEuction for the crealion of rice fields has also been dle 1 I sites visited. l-arge crocodile populalions are found in thc Liwonde National Park and Elephant Marsh (Hufon 1989a) reponod as a major problom (Pmley 1982). Reponed bv The highest sample densiries were 4.64,&m (over 25 km)' and Waitkuwait (1989) to be preent in (he Baoule, Bagoe' and 7.09^m (over 32 km) in the Liwonde National Park (Uhlric Kankelaba nvers, but no sulvey daa are presented. 1984, Mphande 198?). Mphandc (1987) cstimaled the lotal Malaw.ln crocodile population size to be 8,000'15,000. Manag€ment and Conservation Progrsms: See account for C. ^iloticus bebw. Management and Consarvation Progmms: Crocodiles are protected by law and may not be hunted without permrsslon Country Reting ftom the govcmmenL Malawi has had a controlled cropping Survey Datai I no survey Planned progmm for crocodiles since 1948, when quotas were establishcd in Lake Malawi and $e S hire Rivcr. Malawi's crocodilc ManagementPrograin: Wild Populatron Status: l-unknown Clegislation 24
Nife crocodile (Crocodylus t iloticus) Status of wild Populations: No recenl survey data arc available. Managemenf and Conservaaion Progmms: A licensedcropping program was inilialed h 1969. Hunters wouldpay a fee for Nile crocodile a permit which alowed $em to trap thre€ qocodiles per year. No information is available on size restrictions. A large perccntage of tbe budget for wildlife conservation in Mali was Nife crocodile (Crocodjlus niloticus) repor(ed to come ftom these hunlcr feas. Populations in Status ofwild Popul,atiotrs: Seveml surveys were conducted national parks and naturc reserves are reponedly proiected. in Mozambique during tho 1980s, but the resulb in some arcas Partial protectron is glven to crocodiles in classified fo{estry appear contadrclory. Whitaker (198 l) did aerial survcys of the areas (Pooley 1982). However, recent repons indicalc lhat an Zambezi delta and calculated a nean dcnsily of0.26,4rn, which ovcrall hunting ban was esiablished by Dccrcc 325 PGRM provided a population estinalc of 620-l;313 (CITES 1989). (Klemm and Navid 1989). Noctumal spodight counts by Tello (1985b) found ai averagc density of 14.85,&m, and an estinated population size of Country Rating approximarely 35,000. Survey Data: I-no survey planned Chande et al. ( 1989) conduct\ed spotlght and aerial surveys Wild Populalion Sfatus: l-unknown of dle upperLake Cabora Bassareservoir (ZumboAr4essenguezi Management Program: Clegisladon Basins) b€fore and afier a cull (1987 and 1988) and found dcnsitics of 17.7-34.4/l(n ( 1g8?-spotlight count over 30km of Dwarf crocodile (OJleolaemus tetraspis) Sbtus of Wild Populations: No recent survey dala arE availablc. This spocies is nol listed by Pooley ( 1982) for Mali. It is reported by Waitkuwait ( 1989) to be present in fie Baoule, Bagoc, and Kantelaba rivers, but no survcy da|a 3re presenred. Managem€nt and Cons€rvation Programs: The ban on crocodile hundng prcsumably applies to this sp€cies as well. Country Reting Survey Data: l-no survey planned Wild Population Status: I'unknown Management Program: C lcgislalion Contact: Ms. Irriana Ricc.arelli Dembele Slendersnoutcd crocodile Mauritania Slender-snouted crocodile (C r o c o d! I u s c qt ap h r oc lu s) Status of wild Populations: Groombridge (1982) reports C. cataphra.tu: trom M^|trilania. No addilional iflfonnadon is available. Groombridge also repons $at $c Nilc crocodile war formerly found in Maurilania but is now extirpaled. Managementand Cons€rvation Prog.ams: No information. Counl.y Rating Survey Data: I-no survcy planned Wild Population Status: I-unknown Management hogram: A-nonc 25 Contach Mr. I. Thiaw Mozambique nver), a d 9.2-22.91kn (I988-spotlighl (30 km) and aerial counts (116 kn)). Total crocodilc populatior size in the area was cstimated to be 3.197-6.207. Surveys in olher pais of lhe country, as well as repons from Foresry/Wildlifc prsonnel suggesthat crocodilcs are widespread in Vozambique. Management and Conservation Programs: Sincc 1978, crocodiles can only be killcd in defens€ of human life and property, or with a govemmcnt hunling license. Crocodiles arc complelely protected in four national parks. Prior to 1985 cropping was restricted !o spon hunting. However, under CITES Resolution Conf. 5.21 , Mozambique was given a quota of 1,000 in 1985, which was not used (only two skins were exported in 1986). In 1987 the quota was exrended, and in lhat year I ,000 crocodiles were croppcd from l,ake Cabora Bassa. Atrcmpls at crocodile ranching b€gan in tho carly 1980s but were unsucccssful. In October, 1987, 1.800 eggs wcro col lecFd from 96 ncs6, but subs€quendy died due !o adminisEalivc dclays. In December, 1987, a funher 1,050 eggs were collected and the hatchlings transfened !o rearing pens in Zimbabwe until sufficienr facilities could be constructod in Mozambique (Chandc1 al. 1989). Subsequendy, a crocodile ranch has begun operation on Bazanto Island, and collectlon of 5,000 eggs was planncd for 1988. At $e 1989 CITES conference, Mozambique requesned and received a nansfer of its Nile crocodile populations |o Appeodix II pursuant to Resolution Conf. 3.15 (ranching crileria). Mozambique also indicatcd $at il would continue a limited amount of cropprng, including Lhe killing of nuisancr crorodiles (Hcmlcy 1989). Counlry Rating Survoy Data: Ill-basic survey data Wild Populadon Shtus: s-not depleted Management Progran: C-lrgislalion, E.2-ranching, E.l-cropping
Page 1 and 2: Crocodiles An Action Plan for their
Page 3: Crocodiles An Action Plan for their
Page 6 and 7: Peru...............................
Page 8 and 9: Specialist Group, Florida Museum of
Page 11 and 12: Objectives and Organization of the
Page 13 and 14: Comnon clinan, Cairu' .'d.or'il!i,
Page 15 and 16: 3. Lcal residenLs. The cconomic val
Page 17 and 18: (Res. Cont 1.1 and 1.2). This requi
Page 19 and 20: nanagemenr, and the fact thal croco
Page 21 and 22: Species-specifi c Conservation Prio
Page 23 and 24: Country Accounts Introduction This
Page 25 and 26: Slender-snouted crQcodile (C r o c
Page 27 and 28: of 20 was established for 1985- 198
Page 29 and 30: C-rocodllus cataphrdctus. C rocodll
Page 31 and 32: Slender-snouted crocodile (C ro c o
Page 33: (140 km surveyed), Sabatvcalana Riv
Page 37 and 38: Dwarf crocodile (Os teolaemus tetra
Page 39 and 40: Country Ratitrg Survey Data: I-no s
Page 41 and 42: Wild Population Status: l-u*nown Ma
Page 43 and 44: populalion of Nile crocodiles was t
Page 45 and 46: a large-scale rescarch progam, whic
Page 47 and 48: Matragementand Conservation Prcgram
Page 49 and 50: (Chen 1990a). However, in Xuancheng
Page 51 and 52: Conlact: D. Basu, B. C. Choudhurv,
Page 53 and 54: sp€cics has also be€n reponedly
Page 55 and 56: km) (Whitakor lgsa). From thos€ d
Page 57 and 58: - Mugger Gharial pakistan 1982). Kl
Page 59 and 60: anch in Lae. In 1988, a lotal of I,
Page 61 and 62: crccodilc habitat in the Solomon ls
Page 63 and 64: Wild Population Status: 3-severely
Page 65 and 66: life Prot€ction Acf' and banned c
Page 67 and 68: - Klemm and Navid I989) in BraTil,
Page 69 and 70: N.0017-87). Ranching or cropping pr
Page 71 and 72: Cainan in i\e La er Swamp, bul lhis
Page 73: Dwafi cAiman ( P aleo suchus palpeb

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