Poland - IOW

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Material and Methods 20 δ 15 N ⎡ ⎛ ⎢ ⎜ ⎢ ⎝ ⎢⎛ ⎢ ⎢ ⎜ ⎣⎝ 15 14 sample [‰] = ∗1000 15 14 N ⎞ ⎟ N ⎠ N ⎞ ⎟ N ⎠ reference ⎤ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦ [2.3] This way the mass spectrometer measures the difference in 15 N abundance between sample and reference. The reference gasses are calibrated against international standards of the International Atomic Energy Agency (Table 1). Table 1: Overview over IAEA standards and internal lab standards. Standard δ 15 N (‰) δ 13 C (‰) international standards IAEA N1 (Ammonium sulphate) 0,43 ± 0,07 IAEA N2 (Ammonium sulphate) 20,32 ± 0,09 IAEA N3 (Potassium nitrate) 4,69 ± 0,09 IAEA C6 (Saccharose) -10,43 ± 0,13 NBS22 (Oil) -29,74 ± 0,12 internal laboratory standards Peptone 5,8 ± 0,2 -22,11 ± 0,17 Acetanilid -1,7 ± 0,2 -29,81 ± 0,19 2.6 End-member mixing calculations To investigate mixing patterns of groundwater and marine NH + 4 the conservative mixing equations by (Fry, 2002) were applied. The concentrations of NH + 4 -N were modelled as mixture (C MIX ) of groundwater and Puck Bay water column end-members: C MIX = f ∗C + 1 GW ( − f ) ∗CP [2.4a] C denotes the NH + 4 concentration. The subscript GW indicates the groundwater end-member and the subscript P the Puck Bay water column end-member. f is the fraction of freshwater calculated from salinity (S):
Material and Methods 21 f = S P − S S P MIX [2.4b] Water column end-members were calculated from the means of all water column samples during each campaign. As groundwater end-member the well samples were used. In addition mixing was calculated with pore water samples with the lowest salinity during each sampling campaign as groundwater end-member. However, pore water samples present no true groundwater end-members. As they all had salinities >0, f had to be adapted as followed: f = S S P P − S − S MIX GW [2.4c] The conservative mixing of 15 N-NH 4 + values (δ MIX ) was calculated as well: δ MIX = f ∗C GW ∗δ GW + C ( 1− f ) MIX ∗C P ∗δ P [2.4d] δ denotes the NH + 4 isotopic values. End-members were achieved in the same way as for concentration mixing. Deviations of actual samples from the theoretical conservative mixing lines indicate additional sources or sinks in the mixing gradient. For the concentration mixing that means higher values than predicted point towards additional sources and lower values towards additional sinks.
Page 1 and 2: Input and fate of dissolved nitroge
Page 3 and 4: Abstract II Abstract The aim of thi
Page 5 and 6: Abstract IV Um die Quellen und Senk
Page 7 and 8: Introduction 1 1 Introduction Eutro
Page 9 and 10: Introduction 3 where one aspect dea
Page 11 and 12: Introduction 5 producer and consume
Page 13 and 14: Material and Methods 7 Sampling too
Page 15 and 16: Material and Methods 9 The main sam
Page 17 and 18: Material and Methods 11 Figure 2.4:
Page 19 and 20: Material and Methods 13 Figure 2.5:
Page 21 and 22: Material and Methods 15 t indicates
Page 23 and 24: Material and Methods 17 f = N N s s
Page 25: Material and Methods 19 Due to low
Page 29 and 30: Results 23 Table 3.1: Number of sam
Page 31 and 32: Results 25 Figure 3.2: Ammonium (NH
Page 33 and 34: Results 27 positioned closest to th
Page 35 and 36: Results 29 The mixing behaviour of
Page 37 and 38: Results 31 Figure 3.6: Ammonium (NH
Page 39 and 40: Results 33 values found in the seas
Page 41 and 42: Results 35 conservative mixing line
Page 43 and 44: Results 37 3.5 Benthic Chambers To
Page 45 and 46: Results 39 3.6 Core incubation expe
Page 47 and 48: Results 41 δ 13 C values about -18
Page 49 and 50: Results 43 Figure 3.15: Isotope dia
Page 51 and 52: Discussion 45 4 Discussion 4.1 SGD
Page 53 and 54: Discussion 47 Table 4.1: Seepage ra
Page 55 and 56: Discussion 49 data to calculate a m
Page 57 and 58: Discussion 51 maxima were approxima
Page 59 and 60: Discussion 53 reduction. This means
Page 61 and 62: Discussion 55 Table 4.3: Different
Page 63 and 64: Discussion 57 Table 4.4: Different
Page 65 and 66: Discussion 59 NH + 4 values. The 18
Page 67 and 68: Discussion 61 ammonium (more than 5
Page 69 and 70: Discussion 63 (McClelland et al., 1
Page 71 and 72: Bibliography 65 Burdige, D.J. & Zhe
Page 73 and 74: Bibliography 67 Jankowska, H., Matc
Page 75 and 76: Bibliography 69 Moore, W.S. (2010)
Page 77 and 78:
Bibliography 71 Thamdrup, B. & Dals
Page 79:
Selbständigkeitserklärung 73 Selb
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