16.03.2014 Views

The Importance of Monophasic Doppler Waveforms in the Common ...

The Importance of Monophasic Doppler Waveforms in the Common ...

The Importance of Monophasic Doppler Waveforms in the Common ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

L<strong>in</strong> et al<br />

compared with thigh DVT. It should also be recognized<br />

that <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>cidence <strong>of</strong> iliac ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis<br />

is likely higher than previously thought. In<br />

light <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se f<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs, we recommend rout<strong>in</strong>e<br />

evaluation <strong>of</strong> external iliac ve<strong>in</strong>s <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> presence<br />

<strong>of</strong> monophasic waveforms and additional<br />

imag<strong>in</strong>g, if necessary, to determ<strong>in</strong>e <strong>the</strong> cause <strong>of</strong><br />

monophasic waveforms.<br />

References<br />

1. Bach AM, Hann LE. When <strong>the</strong> common femoral ve<strong>in</strong> is<br />

revealed as flattened on spectral <strong>Doppler</strong> sonography: Is it<br />

a reliable sign for diagnosis <strong>of</strong> proximal venous obstruction?<br />

AJR Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168:733–766.<br />

13. Kahn SR. <strong>The</strong> post-thrombotic syndrome: progress and pitfalls.<br />

Br J Haematol 2006; 134:357–365.<br />

14. L<strong>in</strong>dner DJ, Edwards JM, Ph<strong>in</strong>ney ES, Taylor LM, Porter JM.<br />

Long-term hemodynamic and cl<strong>in</strong>ical sequelae <strong>of</strong> lower<br />

extremity deep ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis. J Vasc Surg 1986; 4:436–<br />

442.<br />

15. Monreal M, Martorell A, Callejas J, et al. Venographic<br />

assessment <strong>of</strong> deep ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis and risk <strong>of</strong> develop<strong>in</strong>g<br />

post-thrombotic syndrome: a prospective study. J Intern<br />

Med 1993; 233:233–238.<br />

16. Browse NL, Clemenson G, Thomas ML. Is <strong>the</strong> postphlebitic<br />

leg always postphlebitic? Relation between postphlebitic<br />

phlebographic appearances <strong>of</strong> deep-ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis<br />

and late sequelae. Br Med J 1980; 281:1167–1170.<br />

2. Kakkar VV, Howed CT, Flanc C, Clarke MB. Natural history<br />

<strong>of</strong> postoperative deep-ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis. Lancet 1969;<br />

2:230–232.<br />

3. Cogo A, Lens<strong>in</strong>g AW, Prandoni P, Hirsh J. Distribution <strong>of</strong><br />

thrombosis <strong>in</strong> patients with symptomatic deep-ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis:<br />

implications for simplify<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> diagnostic process<br />

with compression ultrasound. Arch Intern Med 1993;<br />

153:2777–2780.<br />

4. Sevitt S. Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Am<br />

J Med 1962; 33:703–704.<br />

5. Barritt DW, Jordan SC. Anticoagulant drugs <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> treatment<br />

<strong>of</strong> pulmonary embolism: a controlled trial. Lancet<br />

1960; 1:1309–1312.<br />

6. Partsch H, Oburger K, Mostbeck A, Konig B, Kohn H.<br />

Frequency <strong>of</strong> pulmonary embolism <strong>in</strong> ambulant patients<br />

with pelvic ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis: a prospective study. J Vasc<br />

Surg 1992; 16:715–722.<br />

7. Borst-Krafek B, F<strong>in</strong>k AM, Lipp C, Umek H, Kohn H, Ste<strong>in</strong>er<br />

A. Proximal extent <strong>of</strong> pelvic ve<strong>in</strong> thrombosis and its association<br />

with pulmonary embolism. J Vasc Surg 2003; 37:<br />

518–522.<br />

8. Carpenter JP, Holland GA, Baum RA, Owen RS, Carpenter<br />

JT, Cope C. Magnetic resonance venography for <strong>the</strong> detection<br />

<strong>of</strong> deep venous thrombosis: comparison with contrast<br />

venography and duplex <strong>Doppler</strong> ultrasonography. J Vasc<br />

Surg 1993; 18:734–741.<br />

9. Nicolaides AN, Kakkar W, Field ES, Renney JT. <strong>The</strong> orig<strong>in</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />

deep venous thrombosis: a venographic study. Br J Radiol<br />

1971; 44:653–663.<br />

10. Spritzer CE, Arata MA, Freed KS. Isolated pelvic deep<br />

venous thrombosis: frequency as detected with MR<br />

Imag<strong>in</strong>g. Radiology 2001; 219:521–525.<br />

11. Prandoni P, Lens<strong>in</strong>g A, Cogo A, et al. <strong>The</strong> long-term cl<strong>in</strong>ical<br />

course <strong>of</strong> acute deep venous thrombosis. Ann Intern<br />

Med 1996; 125:1–7.<br />

12. Roumen-Klappe E, der Heijer M, van Uum S, van der Ven-<br />

Jong-ekrijg J, van der Graaf F, Wollersheim H.<br />

Inflammatory response <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> acute phase <strong>of</strong> deep ve<strong>in</strong><br />

thrombosis. J Vasc Surg 2002; 35:701–706.<br />

J Ultrasound Med 2007; 26:885–891 891

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!