CORROSION GUIDE 181108_new table content format ... - Reichhold

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Resin Descriptions Chlorendic Polyester Resins Chlorendic polyester resins are based on the incorporation of chlorendic anhydride or chlorendic acid (also called HET acid) into the polymer backbone. Their most notable advantage is superior resistance to mixed acid and oxidizing environments, which makes them widely used for bleaching and chromic acid or nitric acid containing environments, such as in electroplating applications. The cross linked structure is quite dense, which results in high heat distortion and good elevated temperature properties. This is a dense structure that can display reduced ductility and reduced tensile elongation. Despite good acid resistance, chlorendic resins should not be used in alkaline environments. Due to the halogen content, chlorendic resins display flame retardant and smoke reduction properties. The DION ® 797 series are chlorendic anhydride based resins with good corrosion resistance and thermal properties up to 350° F. DION ® 797 is supplied as a pre-promoted and thixotropic version. An ASTM E-84 flame spread rating of 30 (Class II) is obtained with the use of 5% antimony trioxide. Many thermal and corrosion resistant properties are superior to those of competitive chlorendic resins. Atprime ® 2 Bonding & Primer Atprime ® 2 is a two-component, moisture-activated primer that provides enhanced bonding of composite materials to a variety of substrates, such as FRP, concrete, steel, or thermoplastics. It is especially well suited for bonding to non-air-inhibited surfaces associated with contact molding or aged FRP composites. This ability is achieved due to the formation of a chemical bond to the FRP surface. Atprime® 2 is free of methylene chloride and features good storage stability. Atprime ® 2 is well-suited for repairs of FRP structures. Many FRP structures have been known to fail due to the failure of secondary bonds, which can serve as the weakest link in an otherwise sound structure. Thus Atprime ® 2 merits important consideration in FRP fabrication. The curing mechanism relies on ambient humidity and does not employ peroxide chemistry. Castings Resin Tensile Strength psi Tensile Modulus x10 6 psi Elongation at Break % Flexural Strength psi Flexural Modulus x10 6 psi Barcol Hardness HDT° F DION® 9100 11600 4.6 5.2 23000 5.0 35 220 DION® FR 9300 10900 5.1 4.0 21900 5.2 40 230 DION® 9800 13100 4.6 4.2 22600 4.9 38 244 DION® 9400 9000 5.0 3.0 20500 5.1 38 290 DION® 6694 8200 3.4 2.4 14600 4.9 38 270 DION® 6631 9300 5.9 2.4 16600 5.2 40 225 DION® 382 10000 4.3 2.5 17000 4.3 38 270 DION® 797 7800 0.5 1.6 21700 1.0 45 280 DION® 490 8700 4.8 2.1 16700 5.2 40 260 10
Specifying Composite Performance The design and manufacture of composite equipment for corrosion service is a highly customized process. In order to produce a product that successfully meets the unique needs of each customer, it is essential for fabricators and material suppliers to understand the applications for which composite equipment is intended. One of the most common causes of equipment failure is exposure of equipment to service conditions that are more severe than anticipated. This issue has been addressed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) in their RTP-1 specifi cation for corrosion-grade composite tanks. RTP-1 includes a section called the User’s Basic Requirement Specifi cations (UBRS). The UBRS is a standardized document provided to tank manufacturers before vessels are constructed. It identifi es, among other factors, the function and confi guration of the tank, internal and external operating conditions, mechanical loads on the vessel, installation requirements and applicable state and federal codes at the installation site. Reichhold strongly recommends that the information required by the UBRS is provided to composite equipment fabricators before any equipment is manufactured. Factors Affecting Resin Performance Shelf Life Policy Most polyester resins have a minimum three-month shelf life from the date of shipment from Reichhold. Some corrosion resistant resins have a longer shelf life, notably unpromoted bisphenol epoxy vinyl ester resins, unpromoted and accelerated bisphenol fumarate resins, and DION ® 6694 modifi ed bisphenol fumarate resin. See the individual product bulletins, available at www.reichhold.com, for specific information for each resin. Shelf stability minimums apply to resins stored in their original, unopened containers at temperatures not exceeding 75° F, away from sunlight and other sources of heat or extreme cold. Resins that have exceeded their shelf life should be tested before use. Elevated Temperatures Composites manufactured with vinyl ester or bisphenol fumarate resins have been used extensively in applications requiring long-term structural integrity at elevated temperatures. Good physical properties are generally retained at temperatures up to 200° F. The selection of resin becomes crucial beyond 200° F because excessive temperatures will cause resins to soften and lose physical strength. Rigid resins such as ultra-high crosslink density vinyl esters, bisphenol fumarate polyesters, epoxy novolac vinyl esters, and high-crosslink density terephthalics typically provide the best high-temperature physical properties. Appropriate DION ® resin systems may be considered for use in relatively non-aggressive gas phase environments at temperatures of 350° F or higher in suitably designed structures. When designing composite equipment for high temperature service, it is important to consider how heat will be distributed throughout the unit. Polymer composites have a low thermal conductivity (approximately 0.15 btu-ft/ hr-sq. ft.° F) which provides an insulating effect. This may allow equipment having high cross-sectional thickness to sustain very high operating temperatures at the surface, since the structural portion of the laminate maintains a lower temperature. 11
Page 1 and 2: DION ® Corrosion Guide
Page 3 and 4: ASTM Reinforced Plastic Related Sta
Page 5 and 6: Corrosion-Resistant Resin Chemistri
Page 7 and 8: Resin Descriptions Bisphenol Epoxy
Page 9: Resin Descriptions DION ® 6694* Se
Page 13 and 14: Laminate Construction Chopped Stran
Page 15 and 16: Laminate Construction Maintenance a
Page 17 and 18: Selected Application Recommendation
Page 25 and 26: Solvents Organic solvents can exert
Page 27 and 28: SUGGESTED MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE LIMIT
Page 47 and 48: Common Types of Metal Corrosion Pas
Page 49 and 50: Alternate Materials Thermoplastics
Page 51 and 52: Alternate Materials Concrete Withou

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