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I I I ~I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I M. Grapendaal Ed. Leuw H. Nelen. APPENDIX 0 Drugs and crime in an accomodating social context: the situation in Amsterdam Research and Documentation Centre, Ministry of <strong>Justice</strong> The Netherlands [To be published in Contemporary Drug Problems, Summer 1992) 217
I -I INTRODUCTION 2 The Netherlands are known for its pragmatic-and relatively tolerant attitude to the illegal drugs phenomenon. It is the one country that has officially refused to join the ideology of radical prohibitionism which has resulted in the so called "War on Drugs" (van de Wijngaart, 1990). At the same time, along with several other Western-European countries the Netherlands can be characterised as a welfare-society with a relatively highly developed social-security and socio-medical system. From a criminological point of view it is interesting to find out whether this typical Dutch social and cultural climate has any influence on the nature and extent of drug related crime. In this article we will present some results of a study that -among other things- addresses this question. Ita theoretical frame- work and design is clarified and finally Borne discussed. of the implications are In The Netherlands the number of hard drug addicts is estimated to be 15.000 to 20.000', (about 15% to 20% are from abroad). About 40% of this I junkie-population is concentrated in Amsterdam, Holland's renown drugs center (Buning, 1990). The cultural setting in which drug abuse takes place in this city is rather unique, even by Dutch standards. There is no other place in The Netherland~ where the drug scene is as visible as in the inner city of Amsterdam. Visitors, and especially foreign ones, tend to believe that this high degree of visibility reflects a "laissez-faire" policy of the national and local government. As the Dutch approach is far more I complex than it seems at first sight, we begin with a brief outline of the drug policy in general, and the drug policy of the Amsterdam Local government in particular. 'The number of inhabitants is about 16.000.000. I I I I I I I I I ~218 I I I I I I
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If you have issues viewing or acces
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TOPIC PREFACE EXE
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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
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users of cocaine has gone steadily
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Sacramento has become the methamphe
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procedures. Our survey has examined
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at the number of caretakers they ha
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parole caseloads. Those coming out
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Resource distribution is fraught wi
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examine the data systems in existen
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We take a different policy approach
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ecause of the geographic distance.
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Susan Pennell - San Diego Kiku Anno
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DRUG ABUSE INFORMATION AND MONITORI
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Mary Ann Lewis UCLA School of Nursi
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COMMUNITY EPIDEMIOLOGY WORK GROUP I
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HIGHLIGHTS The following highlights
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HlghUghu • In Hawaii, dc2ths rela
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~~~-----.---- () ~ C) W 8 [.., .. ~
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COCAINE 1 . Eastern Region EXECUTIV
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______________ Eu_CUl_ive_S~,JlU'Y:
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CIty .... . eta .'.I\;·~·:iil::;:
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In Chicago crack cocaine use is wid
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In San Diego, whites accounted for
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EuCUlive Summary: CocoiM V'''''''''
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wClilive Summary: Heroin The' numbe
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EuCUlive Summary: Heroin cocaine us
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Eucwive SIIntI1ID1y: lIeroin combin
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Area C~Ofado Hon04uJu Los AnGeles P
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following an increase; aVailability
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Ex.eClllive Summary: Marijuana TabI
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Eucutive Summary: Marijuana Table 2
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EuCUl;ve SIllTllM1'Y: Marijuana ---
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Typically, metharnphetanrine ER men
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Table 29. Pwcentsgo and rri by nOl'
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mentions-the leading mentioned psyc
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with cigarette papers, and sold as
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----------------------~- ~~--~-~~--
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APPENDIX D DRUG/LAB SEIZURE ACTIVIT
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BNE DRUG SEIZURE ACTIVITY REPORT '-
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"'Other Labs include: , Designer Dr
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. I OMBNo. ADMS Fonn 08 State: TR
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BNE Drug Seizure Activity Report 19
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(Xl c: LSD SEIZURE ACTIVITY REPORT
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LAB SEIZURE ACTIVITY REPORT 00 P- "
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'DE/! 'D~ ()~ February, 1991 NIJ f
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';et:Weat 7~ 'P~ 00 co I I CSA PEN.
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May 25, 1988 June 23, 1985 Aug. 31,
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.: ".:.: Heroin Cocaine Marijuana H
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----~-~---~~-~----- ~ VI o EXHIBIT
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9,500 EXHIBIT 8 LOS ANGELES HEROIN
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...... VI 00 EXHIBiT 10 LOS ANGELES
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Exhibit 3 DRUG TREATMENT ADMISSIONS
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YEAR 1998 1989 1990 1991 1992 QUART
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APPENDIX G I • TRENDS EOR DRIIG A
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County Reports: San Diego, Californ
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County Repons: San Diego, Californi
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County Repons: San Diego. Californi
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EXHIBIT 1 ADMISSIONS TO COUNTY FUND
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EXHIBIT 3 COCAINE TREATMENT ADMISSI
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EXHIBIT 5 AMPHETAMINE TREATMENT ADM
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EXHIBIT 7 ALCOHOL ADMISSIONS TO COU
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APPENDIXH High Risk Alcohol and Dru
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Findings Trends in Risk Categories
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Frequent and Heavy Use by User Grou
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Cigarette Smoking and User Groups T
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Use of Tobacco, Alcohol and Illicit
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Survey Instrument The questionnaire
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10 9 CI) 8 c: Q) Q) I- 7 ;;;: ....
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75 70 III 65 c: Q) ~ 60 < 55 "- ...
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57.4% increase in those who had use
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- - - - - - - -. - - - - - ------ T
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FIGURE 7 Drinking to Intoxication A
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drugs (such as cocaine, LSD, amphet
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Apparently, older friends are a sig
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drugs (Table 8). Since our survey i
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All of the options for drinking loc
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students' I\eports regarding fighti
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TABLE 13 Situations of Teens' Drug
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Yolo County teens, the lifetime pre
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APPENDIX I DRUG USE FORECASTING (DU
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--------------- Introduction I •
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Drug Use Excluding Marijuana • A
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30 10 Figure 5 DUF ADULT AMPHETAMIN
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Arrest Charge and Drug Result For t
Page 171 and 172: Table 2 ARREST CHARGE AND DRUG RESU
Page 173 and 174: "E \I) u iii Q. Figure 9 DUF ADULT
Page 175 and 176: CP ~ 'iii 0 Q.. C CP !: (I) Q.. 20
Page 177 and 178: Nationwide DUF Site Comparison Alth
Page 179 and 180: Why San Diego maintains higher rate
Page 181 and 182: County Alameda Amador Butte Calaver
Page 183 and 184: San Luis Obispo $13.921 San Mateo S
Page 185 and 186: COUNTY MASTER PLAN FUNDING ASSISTAN
Page 187 and 188: California Department of Correction
Page 189 and 190: ---------------------------"'----.-
Page 211 and 212: APPENDIX M en :s ::. w I- tI) ::l >
Page 213 and 214: OBJECTIVE AND APPROACH N o ex> Reco
Page 215 and 216: en w :l en en - ..J
Page 217 and 218: APPENDIX N IMPROVING AND INTEGRATIN
Page 219 and 220: High School Senior Survey is specif
Page 221: At each step we will need to • do
Page 225 and 226: 4 actions has expressly been minimi
Page 227 and 228: 6 Finally general practitioners pre
Page 229 and 230: 8 DESIGN OF THE STUDY The fieldwork
Page 231 and 232: PATTERNS AND LEVELS OF DRUG USE' 10
Page 233 and 234: 12 SOURCES OF INCOME During one mon
Page 235 and 236: 14 multiple regression analysis was
Page 237 and 238: 16 income. Table 6 shows the result
Page 239 and 240: 18 habits. The average "dealing jun
Page 241 and 242: 20 join the market of small time pi
Page 243 and 244: 22 pendent effect on the crime leve
Page 245 and 246: 25 Korf, D.J: Jatten alle junkies?
Page 247 and 248: TABLE 1: MONTHLY PREVALENCE FOR POL
Page 249 and 250: FIGURE 1: 29 RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION
Page 251 and 252: 31 TABLE 4: DETERMINANTS OF CRIMINA
Page 253 and 254: I I I 33 ~ 6: A CRIMINAL/ECONOMIC ~
Page 255 and 256: I Volume 4, Number 12 : March19921
Page 257 and 258: I volume 4, Number 12 March1992) Oc
Page 259 and 260: STIMULANTS VS. OPIATES IV Stimulant
Page 261 and 262: HOUSEHOLD SA vs. OA 1989-90, Sacto.
Page 263 and 264: SEXUAL PARTNERS (SP) - CHARACTERIST
Page 265 and 266: Percent I I I WHITE 1990 I 80 I I 6
Page 267 and 268: Percent 1 O.B 0.6 0.4 0.2 o .6 Gene
Page 269 and 270: Percent 10 8 6 4 2 a 9.1 General Po
Page 271 and 272: NEEDS - ASSESSMENT - GOALS & OBJECT
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I GOAL STATEMENT: To develop a sing
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements
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Table 1. . Table2. Table 3. Table 4
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Table E-10. Table E-11. Table E-12.
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SUMMARY ----,-------------------" T
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Developmentally disabled offenders
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YOUTH AUTHORI1Y TREATMENT NEEDS ASS
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Both versions of the MMPI and the J
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Demowphic InfonnMi.rul FINDINGS The
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een hospitalized for psychiatric pr
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impaired, but who has good contact
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The SCPs, like the ITPs, receive of
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The Jesness Inventory and the MMPI
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CONCLUSIONS A total of 851 offender
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REFERENCES Archer, R. P. (1987). Us
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APPENDIXB DEMOGRAPIDC DATA FROM TII
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8·~ __ ----- YA010U (I ·S) ---'--
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TABLED-3. TOTAL No Attempts One or
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TABLE E-1. APPENDIXE TABLES RELATI~
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TABLEE-9. TABLEE-I0. TABLEE-ll. TAB
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APPENDIXF THE MINNESOTA IvfULTIPHAS
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Henggeler (1989) mentions that inca
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APPENDIXG THE JESNESS INVENTORY The
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APPENDIX T DRUG POSITIVE RATES IN C
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Second, and perhaps the larger fact
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.1 As shown in Figure 3, the lowest
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Usually, one tends to see drugs tha
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METHADONE PROGRAM CLIENTS PhannChem
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