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With this economical approach, one must always be cognizant of the costs (both direct and indirect) and benefits of any public policy decision – namely, the externalities, or harm imposed on non-consenting third parties. When a consumer purchases a fast food item, she is incrementally increasing her risk of certain diseases. This might be realized as a negative externality to her employer, who must now pay higher health care costs in addition to absorbing that worker’s lost productivity. If we were to imagine this worker being employed by one of these same fast food establishments that she herself patronizes, is the company really better off? The company would like to think so; otherwise, they would not use these cheap, unhealthy oils in the first place. An analysis of the costs even further however could bring about an economic trade issue, as in the case of Denmark. Jacobson writes that the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration made an official ban of trans fats on January 1 st , 2004 (10). However, special interest groups have since claimed the move is causing unforeseen trade barriers with nations that do not ban the artificial oil. The same problem is brewing between Canada and the United States. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) prohibits Canada from banning the use of trans fat unless the U.S. does the same (US-Canada Consultat). It is clear that the FDA has contradicted its own nutritional labeling requirements. Thus the organization has put in jeopardy many thousands of American lives with artificial fats that “. . . will not be touched by molds, insects, or rodents” (Roubos). Americans should avoid them at all costs through a boycott on these products containing partially hydrogenated oils. As Pat Martin suggests, “We have doctors telling us that they have 10 year old and 12 year old children coming to their offices with high cholesterol and clogged arteries. Surely, a child’s circulatory system at that age should be completely clean and functioning perfectly.” It is time for the FDA to finally recognize that trans fats from partially hydrogenated oils should not be “generally recognized as safe” under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and ban this most harmful toxin (Jacobson 25). Works Cited Armstrong, Eric. “What’s Wrong with Trans Fat Labels?” Food Labels. 2004. 15 Oct. 2005 . Ascherio, Alberto, Meir J. Stampfer, and Walter C. Willett. “Background and Scientific Review.” Trans Fatty Acids and Coronary Heart Disease. 1999. Harvard School of Public Health. 24 Oct. 2005 . American Heart Association. “Cardiovascular Disease Statistics.” 2005. 14 Oct. 2005 . Corcoran, Leila. “Government Adds Trans Fat to Nutrition Labels.” Food in the News. 2005. 15 Nov. 2005 . Cronin, Jeff. “McDonalds’s Panned for ‘Broken McPromise’ on Trans Fat; CSPI Mounts Ad Campaign Against Partially Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil.” Center for Science in the Public Interest. 24 Sept. 2004. Common Dreams NewsCenter. 2 Nov. 2005 . Meeting of Minds 2006 26
Dewey, David L. “Hydrogenated Oils-The Silent Killers.” Welcome To...Dewey’s World. 15 Oct. 1998. 31 Oct. 2005 . Enig, Dr. Mary. Interview with Dr. Richard A. Passwater. HealthWorld Online. 1999. 17 Oct. 2005 . Fallon, Sally, and Dr. Mary Enig. “The Skinny on Fats.” Nourishing Traditions: The Cookbook that Challenges Politically Correct Nutrition and the Diet Dictocrats. 2nd ed. n.p. New Trends, 1999. 28 Oct. 2005. . Harvard School of Public Health. “Fats and Cholesterol - The Good, The Bad, and the Healthy Diet.” Fats & Cholesterol: Nutrition Source, Harvard School of Public Health. 2005. 25 Oct. 2005 . Jacobson, Michael F. “Petition for Rulemaking to Revoke the Authority for Industry to use Partially Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils in Foods.” Center for Science in the Public Interest. 18 May 2004. 12 Nov. 2005 . Jennings, Lisa. “Ruby’s Diner ‘FitFries’ rollout signals growing movement to shed trans fat.” Nation’s Restaurant News 4 Oct. 2004: 5+. First Search. Wilson Select Plus. University of Michigan Thompson Library, Flint. 24 Oct. 2005. Keyword: Trans Fats. Joseph, Stephen L. “Comments on Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking.” Rev. of Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking “ANPR”. Federal Register 3 July 2003: 10. 29 Oct. 2005 . Martin, Pat [Democrat for Winnepeg Centre]. Ban trans fat speech. 18 Nov. 2004, 38th Canadian Parliament. 5 Nov. 2005 . McClellan, Mark B., and Tommy G. Thompson. United States. Cong. “Food Labeling: Trans Fatty Acids in Nutrition Labeling, Nutrient Content Claims, and Health Claims.” Federal Register 3 July 2003: 41444 - 42436. 11 Oct. 2005 . Roubos, Dr. Dane A. “The Margarine Hoax: Margarine, Fatty Acids, and Your Health.” Mount Rainier Clinic, Inc. 1997. Nexus Magazine. 12 Dec. 2005 . Severson, Kim. “Hidden killer: It’s trans fat. It’s dangerous. And it’s in food you eat every day.” San Francisco Chronicle 30 Jan. 2002, sec. 1:B. 24 Oct. 2005 . United States-Canada Consultat. Minutes of the Canada–U.S. Consultative Committee on Agriculture. 5 Apr. 2005. 13 Oct. 2005 . Meeting of Minds 2006 27
Page 1 and 2: Meeting of Minds XIV Journal of Und
Page 3 and 4: ABOUT THE MEETING OF MINDS: JOURNAL
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Contribut
Page 7 and 8: DIFFERENCES IN TEACHING: INNER-CITY
Page 9 and 10: 1995. The teacher believed they are
Page 11 and 12: In studies of age related declines
Page 13 and 14: slightly smaller than the incongrue
Page 15 and 16: Since the requirements of surviving
Page 17 and 18: Table 2 Observed behaviors of Imara
Page 19 and 20: Figure 2 Relative frequencies of de
Page 21 and 22: References Alexander, R. D. “The
Page 23 and 24: She goes for it. She proves to the
Page 25 and 26: Hypotheses The current study examin
Page 27 and 28: Previous fMRI research suggests tha
Page 29 and 30: [LDL’s] carry cholesterol from th
Page 31: for amounts in excess of 0.5 grams.
Page 35 and 36: These are the tranquillized Fifties
Page 37 and 38: The reader is thrust out of the mem
Page 39 and 40: WHEN THE SAINTS GO MARCHING OUT: CO
Page 41 and 42: What follows is a description of tw
Page 43 and 44: The ceiling of the church is adorne
Page 45 and 46: Against the back wall of the church
Page 47 and 48: Bibliography Bowen, John R. Religio
Page 49 and 50: (Gough, 1957). Because individuals
Page 51 and 52: References Bochner, A., di Salvo V.
Page 53 and 54: It is difficult for many critics, a
Page 55 and 56: It seems clear that Bishop is not a
Page 57 and 58: “SHE WAS ONLY A SLIP OF A THING B
Page 59 and 60: women are strong enough to care for
Page 61 and 62: had the luxury of doing business
Page 63 and 64: Chinese students regularly had as m
Page 65 and 66: The age of the participants ranged
Page 67 and 68: Table 3 illustrates the results of
Page 69 and 70: If I was to further this study, I w
Page 71 and 72: idomain conductivities (σ iL , σ
Page 73 and 74: Meeting of Minds 2006 67
Page 75 and 76: THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON ADSOR
Page 77 and 78: 1T 3T 5T Figure 1: The cluster mode
Page 79 and 80: The N-O bond lengths also show a si
Page 81 and 82: The relative energies of the NO ads
Page 83 and 84:
INVESTIGATION OF SUBSTITUTED CYCLOO
Page 85 and 86:
were 9 possibilities from the X and
Page 87 and 88:
28 O O RSS NA 8.6 28 O O SSS NA 8.6
Page 89 and 90:
As seen from the distance data abov
Page 91 and 92:
continually touches her and plays w
Page 93 and 94:
In the last scene, Act 5.4, the tra
Page 95 and 96:
Tristan was the one who had her bef
Page 97 and 98:
Bibliography Béroul. The Romance o
Page 99 and 100:
given day one could observe a cheat
Page 101 and 102:
Many countries have taken Latin Ame
Page 103 and 104:
References and Works Cited Andaló,
Page 105 and 106:
differentiates human beings from an
Page 107 and 108:
has to beg the wind to help her. Th
Page 109 and 110:
APOCALYPSE, WHEN? Joanne Chiu Facul
Page 111 and 112:
Lowell’s energetic diction connec
Page 113 and 114:
The apocalypse has come and as with
Page 115 and 116:
RELIGION AS A MANIPULATIVE TOOL IN
Page 117 and 118:
With a sense of his mastery of stra
Page 119 and 120:
References Arenal, Electa and Stace
Page 121 and 122:
constructed a visual lexicon aggres
Page 123 and 124:
them as the hoods plot their next t
Page 125 and 126:
The motivation behind Guston’s re
Page 127 and 128:
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: A PARADOX OF
Page 129 and 130:
GUNTHER VON HAGEN’S GESTALT PLAST
Page 131 and 132:
are borrowed directly from the visu
Page 133 and 134:
In general, science museums do not
Page 135 and 136:
The report suggests that war-crimes
Page 137 and 138:
DATA MINING IN BIOINFORMATICS: USIN
Page 139 and 140:
Zealand, which was ranked 77 th in
Page 141 and 142:
THE JENSEN LANDSCAPE AT HENRY AND C
Page 143 and 144:
number of Boxelder trees increased
Page 145 and 146:
Figure 3. The distribution of Sugar
Page 147 and 148:
THE EFFECT OF RETINOIDS ON REGENERA
Page 149 and 150:
deparaffinized in xylene. After the
Page 151 and 152:
A B C Figure 2 Photographs of tadpo
Page 153 and 154:
IU/mL retinoids is the best concent
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