2013 Apr 15 Annual Report 2012 - Phosphagenics
2013 Apr 15 Annual Report 2012 - Phosphagenics
2013 Apr 15 Annual Report 2012 - Phosphagenics
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Notes to the consolidated fi nancial statements<br />
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)<br />
(t) Revenue recognition<br />
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefi ts will fl ow to the Group<br />
and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue<br />
is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable taking into account contractually<br />
defi ned terms of payment and excluding taxes or duty. The following specifi c recognition criteria must also<br />
be met before revenue is recognised:<br />
Sale of goods<br />
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the Group has transferred to the buyer the signifi cant risks<br />
and rewards of ownership of the goods and the costs in respect of the transaction can be reliably measured.<br />
Risks and rewards are considered passed to the buyer at the time of delivery of the goods to the customer.<br />
Royalties<br />
Royalty revenue is recognised on an accrual basis in accordance with the substance of the relevant agreement.<br />
Interest income<br />
Revenue is recognised as the interest accrues (using the effective interest method, which is the rate that<br />
exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the fi nancial asset) to the net<br />
carrying amount of the fi nancial asset.<br />
(u) Issued capital<br />
Ordinary shares are classifi ed as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares<br />
or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.<br />
85<br />
(v) Foreign currency translation<br />
Functional and presentation currency<br />
Both the functional and presentation currency of <strong>Phosphagenics</strong> Limited and its Australian subsidiaries<br />
is Australian dollars ($). The United States subsidiaries functional currency is United States Dollars which<br />
is translated to the presentation currency.<br />
Transactions and balances<br />
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency by applying the exchange<br />
rates ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies<br />
are retranslated at the rate of exchange ruling at the reporting date. Non-monetary items that are<br />
measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate as at the<br />
date of the initial transaction.<br />
Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates<br />
at the date when the fair value was determined.<br />
Translation of Group Companies functional currency to presentation currency<br />
The results of the United States subsidiary are translated into Australian Dollars as at the date of each<br />
transaction. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates prevailing at reporting date. Exchange<br />
variations resulting from the translation are recognised in the foreign currency translation reserve in equity.<br />
On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in the United<br />
States subsidiary are taken to the foreign currency translation reserve. If the United States subsidiary were<br />
sold, the proportionate share of exchange differences would be transferred out of equity and recognised<br />
in the profi t and loss.<br />
(w) Earnings per share<br />
Basic earnings per share is calculated as net profi t or loss attributable to members of the parent divided<br />
by the weighted average number of ordinary shares. Where the Group generates a loss attributable<br />
to members of the parent, basic and diluted earnings per share are the same as a loss attributable<br />
to members of the parent cannot be further diluted.<br />
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS