Sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers - PeaceWomen

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4 Carlyn van der Mark Political Science Master Thesis - Sexual exploitation and UN peacekeepers List of tables Table 1: Table 2: Table 3: Table 4: Table 3.a Table 4.a Table 5: Table 6: Table 6.1 No. of allegations per personnel in the MONUC mission The no. of allegations per personnel of MINUTASH Number of female personnel within the MONUC mission Number of female personnel within the MINUTASH mission Percentage of women in MONUC Percentage of women in MINUTASH indicating the age of consent for sex and legality of prostitution Gender inequality index and Multidimensional poverty index Violence against women indicator scores
5 Carlyn van der Mark Political Science Master Thesis - Sexual exploitation and UN peacekeepers Introduction The United Nations peacekeeping missions have a compelling role in assisting states emerging from conflicts. Notorious for their missions, peacekeepers are paramount in bringing peace for societies to being the rebuilding process. United Nations (U.N) peacekeeping missions have throughout the years obtained a distinguished role within the international community. However mindful of the commendable work peacekeepers are involved with, there remains a dark stain behind the curtain of the prestigious peacekeeper. Sexual exploitation and abuse committed by U.N peacekeepers have been reported throughout peacekeeping missions. These include Cambodia and Bosnia Herzegovina in the 1990s, to West Africa in 2002, the Democratic Republic in 2004 and to the latest installment of allegations, 2012, Haiti. Allegations of sexual exploitation create a negative outlook on peacekeeping missions, and prevent a successful transformation of peace and stability to the host country. To discuss allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by U.N peacekeepers remains a taboo topic. Yet, it is vital to explore if peacekeeping operations continue to help establish order and peace in prior conflict ridden areas. In 2003, the U.N established a zero tolerance policy towards sexual exploitation and abuse (A/59/862). Despite the establishment of a zero tolerance policy there continues to be allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse. The peacekeeping mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2004 made international headlines when reports indicated numerous allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse. The media reports caused the U.N to readdress their zero tolerance policy and undertake their own investigations into peacekeeping missions. In 2005, the U.N released a comprehensive report by Prince Zeid Ra‟ad Al Hussein, former UN peacekeeper, who investigated and provided recommendations towards the zero tolerance policy. This report was “A Comprehensive Strategy to Eliminate Future Sexual Exploitation and Abuse in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations” (A/59/710). Nonetheless, after a revision of the zero tolerance policy, allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse persisted by U.N peacekeepers. Even 7 years after the revision of the zero tolerance policy, the year 2012 has been marked with allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse in the peacekeeping mission in Haiti. This thesis is a study into the zero tolerance policy towards sexual exploitation and abuse. The thesis will address why almost 10 years after the original zero tolerance policy there continues to be cases of sexual exploitation and abuse during peacekeeping operations.
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Sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers - PeaceWomen

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