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Bat Echolocation Researc h - Bat Conservation International

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A<br />

The data extracted from the different analyses can be<br />

used to assist in species identification. Obviously,<br />

knowledge of the sound characteristics of different<br />

species is required in order to accomplish this successfully.<br />

FEATURE DETAILS<br />

B<br />

Automatic parameter calculation<br />

To quickly process large files, an automatic parametercalculation<br />

function is available. This enables important<br />

signal parameters such as signal duration and minimum<br />

and maximum frequencies, to be calculated (Fig. 5).<br />

I emphasize that the results of any automatic-analysis<br />

function must be interpreted with caution. The program<br />

will not always make the same decisions that would be<br />

obtained by manually analyzing signals. In order for the<br />

user to obtain visual information about the results of the<br />

analysis, it is possible to have the program mark the different<br />

positions in the diagrams (pulse start/end time,<br />

maximum/minimum frequency).<br />

Automatic recording mode<br />

In the automatic recording mode, the computer is<br />

C<br />

Figure 1: The oscillogram and spectrogram of ultrasonic signals with<br />

severe interference from low-frequency noise (mainly human voices) also<br />

present. Using a high-pass filter, the low-frequency noise can easily be<br />

eliminated by filtering. A: Original signal; B: Filter settings; C: Filtered<br />

signal.<br />

mappings or designed freely by the user (Fig. 2).<br />

A spectrogram, which is composed of a large number<br />

of power spectra partially overlapping in time, allows<br />

spectral changes over time to be studied. However,<br />

sometimes it is valuable to view the power spectrum over<br />

a specific time interval only. This function can be facilitated<br />

using the Power Spectrum command (Fig. 3).<br />

There are also a number of temporal analysis modes<br />

in <strong>Bat</strong>Sound, e.g., to automatically calculate pulse length<br />

(duration) and interpulse interval (Fig. 4).<br />

Section 4: Resources, <strong>Researc</strong>h and Study<br />

Figure 2: Different color mappings in a spectrogram (show in black and<br />

white).<br />

131

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