Proceedings Anniversary Event – 10 International Alpine Workshop ...

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The flora of the Northern and Central Alps is relatively young, like in other nearly completely glaciated high mountains. In contrast to the massif of Southern Alps, which were ice-free during cold stages, these parts only accommodate few endemic species. Nevertheless, the essential Alpine flora (above the forest line) is relatively independent compared with those of the Alpine Foreland. Beside modified and separate forms of lowland phanerogams many typical high mountain plants occur in the alpine level, which are originated in Asian and Southern European mountains as well as in the Arctic. Fig. 9: Climate and forest development in the postglacial period (from Reisigl & Keller 1987) Fig. 10: Change of the flora character by climate change during the Tertiary: 1. tropical elements, 2. Mediterranean elements, 3. temperate flora, 4. arctic & alpine elements (from Reisigl & Keller 1987) The northward exposed plateau between the Alps and the Danube River is called Alpine Foreland. Its origin is strong related with the formation of the Alps. The more the Alps were lifted up and eroded, the more the foreland subsided and were filled with depositions brought by the mountain rivers. The entire tertiary debris of the Alps in its foreland area is summarized as molasses. The molasses is layered flat in the north, whilst in the south it was formed in some saddles and depressions and overlooks the landscape rib-like, e.g. near Murnau. During the ice age the glaciers expanded and gave the foreland its present diverse appearance. The ‘Inn Glacier’ covered during its peak level an area of approx. 1600 km² of the Alpine foreland. In front of the alpine cross- valleys from where the glaciers originated, glacier tongue basins with finger-like branch basins are situated. In between undulating glacial drifts or tills and drumlin groups pervade the landscape. The tongue basins and also some 10
anch basins contain lakes (Ammersee, Starnberger See, Kochelsee, Chiemsee). Lech, Isar, Inn and Salzach River have already lost their lakes. The borders of ancient glaciers are marked by the end moraine walls which surround the basins in a large arrow. Altitude (average 500 m NN) and distance to the Alpes determine the climate of the Alpine forelands. Referring to the latitude the typical west weather conditions of Central Europe are strongly modified by the nearness of the high mountains in the Alpine foreland. During a southwest stream the Foehn wind conditions arise with dry and warm weather; during a northwest stream there are strong cloud accumulations as well as heavier and longer rain intensity. The cold snaps thereby hold in southern Bavaria twice as long as in alpinedistant areas (WESTERMANN 1962). Fig. 11: Europe during the last glacial age (from Westermann 1991) 11
Page 1 and 2: Proceedings Anniversary Event - 10
Page 3 and 4: CONTENT 1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON TH
Page 5 and 6: Appendix 1 Program "10 th Year Anni
Page 7 and 8: 2 General information about the Alp
Page 9: Fig. 6: Fold of mountain formation.
Page 13 and 14: Fig. 13: Altitudinal belts and plan
Page 15 and 16: 3.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS AND P
Page 17 and 18: - Softwood alluvial with willow bus
Page 19 and 20: 3.4 SITUATION OF KEY SPECIES IN ALP
Page 21 and 22: 4.1 INVESTIGATION AREA 1 - PASSO DE
Page 23 and 24: 7110* Active raised bogs 1% 7140 Tr
Page 25 and 26: Territory size: 36740.0000 ha Bioge
Page 27 and 28: 4.6 FFH SITE IT3320015 - VALLE DEL
Page 29 and 30: GPS-Coordinates of transect in inve
Page 31 and 32: 4.10 INVESTIGATION AREA 6 - CASARSA
Page 33 and 34: Tab. 5: European Union Habitats and
Page 35 and 36: 4.16 INVESTIGATION AREA 11 - VIVARO
Page 37 and 38: 5 METHODS OF RESEARCH 5.1 ASSESSMEN
Page 39 and 40: 5.2 RESEARCH PROGRAMME ANIMAL ECOLO
Page 41 and 42: 2006-1 International Alpine Worksho
Page 43 and 44: 2006-3 Investigation in plant diver
Page 45 and 46: 2006-5 Herbaceous vegetation of alp
Page 47 and 48: 2006-7 Herbaceous vegetation of alp
Page 49 and 50: 2006-9 Muddy banks of rivers with C
Page 51 and 52: 2006-12 Riparian mixed forest along
Page 53 and 54: 2009-2 Dragonflies (Odonata) - The
Page 55 and 56: 2009-5 Locust species - Habitats of
Page 57 and 58: Investigation Areas: 1 2 No. H Spec
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Investigation Areas: 1 2 No. H Spec
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8 LITERATURE 8.1 GENERAL LITERATURE
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8.2 WORKING LITERATURE AND MAPS Tab
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