evacuate! - Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management
evacuate! - Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management
evacuate! - Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management
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eached, it will be possible to transfer evacuees to other<br />
points around the country, <strong>and</strong> to family <strong>and</strong> friends<br />
outside <strong>evacuate</strong>d zones. This subsequent transfer is<br />
recommended to decrease the effect on public resources,<br />
<strong>and</strong> for the preservation <strong>of</strong> mental health <strong>and</strong> emotional<br />
support, as it is essential to counteract subsequent<br />
negative impacts on the evacuees. The National Evacuee<br />
Registration system will be required, so that enquiries<br />
from friends <strong>and</strong> relations can be dealt with effectively.<br />
As the largest city in New Zeal<strong>and</strong>, Auckl<strong>and</strong> is<br />
expected to have the largest accommodation resource<br />
<strong>of</strong> the cities considered, with numerous hotels, motels,<br />
<strong>and</strong> schools. The short-term accommodation sources<br />
are friends <strong>and</strong> family, motels, camping grounds, <strong>and</strong><br />
dormitories. Most evacuees are expected <strong>and</strong> are<br />
recommended to travel to these sources once leaving<br />
the evacuation shelters. Auckl<strong>and</strong> is also thought to be a<br />
good medium <strong>and</strong> longer-term shelter (<strong>and</strong> relocation)<br />
destination, because <strong>of</strong> the accommodation resources<br />
<strong>and</strong> potential employment opportunities available.<br />
For short-term shelter purposes, Hamilton can<br />
provide up to 900 beds, which would include both<br />
motel <strong>and</strong> marae accommodation. Longer-term shelter<br />
resources include various hotels, motels <strong>and</strong> camping<br />
grounds. Hamilton would be a good medium-term<br />
sheltering destination, however less so for short-term<br />
shelter.<br />
Taupo may be an interim destination, <strong>and</strong> as<br />
such will be able to provide a small amount <strong>of</strong> support<br />
shelter. Taupo <strong>and</strong> the surrounding district have welfare<br />
centres, including the Great Lake Centre <strong>and</strong> the<br />
Events Centre (which can accommodate ~100 each),<br />
plus primary schools (22) <strong>and</strong> motels, which may be<br />
available for short-term shelter.<br />
The Tauranga-Western Bay <strong>Emergency</strong><br />
<strong>Management</strong> <strong>Civil</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> Plan (2002) states that<br />
the preferred option for short-term emergency<br />
accommodation for smaller numbers <strong>of</strong> evacuees is the<br />
use <strong>of</strong> the combined district/region’s hotels <strong>and</strong> motels.<br />
It states that should large numbers be involved, other<br />
facilities will be used. It also states that registers <strong>of</strong><br />
locations <strong>and</strong> premises suitable for short-term shelter for<br />
evacuees are held by the <strong>Emergency</strong> Operations Centre.<br />
Arrangements for long-term accommodation <strong>and</strong>/or<br />
resettlement <strong>of</strong> displaced persons are to be addressed by<br />
the appropriate Disaster Recovery Manager.<br />
Major shelter facilities (able to provide catering,<br />
showers, car-parking, accommodation) include Tauranga<br />
Racecourse, Greerton; Papamoa Sports Club, Papamoa;<br />
Bay Park Stadium, Te Mauna; QEII Memorial Hall,<br />
Tauranga; Blake Park Stadium, Mt Maunganui; <strong>and</strong><br />
Community Centre, Waihi Beach. Medium-term<br />
facilities (greater than 72 hours) include motels,<br />
campground cabins, caravan parks <strong>and</strong> sites, with total<br />
capacity estimated to be around 8,000 people. However,<br />
as previously noted, Tauranga is not the best medium or<br />
long-term sheltering location.<br />
CONCLUSIONS<br />
Local authorities are certainly aware <strong>of</strong> the<br />
possible need for evacuation in the event <strong>of</strong> an eruption;<br />
the National Contingency Plan for Volcanic Eruptions<br />
(within the National <strong>Civil</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> Plan) highlights the<br />
need for awareness <strong>of</strong> volcanic hazard management <strong>and</strong><br />
preparedness. However detailed evacuation plans for<br />
all areas must be established well before any eruption<br />
occurs. Once there are signs <strong>of</strong> an impending eruption,<br />
it is too late to have a well managed, orderly evacuation.<br />
How many local people in the potential evacuation areas<br />
are aware <strong>of</strong> the possibility <strong>of</strong> evacuation is an open<br />
question, but one that should be addressed as detailed<br />
plans are drawn up.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Auckl<strong>and</strong> Regional Council. 1996. Strategy<br />
for evacuees from outside Auckl<strong>and</strong> region. Being the<br />
Auckl<strong>and</strong> Regional Council <strong>Civil</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> Plan for the<br />
northerly evacuation <strong>of</strong> Ruapehu District by resources<br />
wholly from the Auckl<strong>and</strong> region. Auckl<strong>and</strong> Regional<br />
Council. 25p.<br />
Barnard, S. 2003. Potential effects <strong>of</strong> any future<br />
1886-type eruption from Tarawera volcano on the Bay<br />
<strong>of</strong> Plenty region. Unpublished MSc thesis, University <strong>of</strong><br />
Canterbury, Christchurch.<br />
Census, 2001. [www.stats.govt.nz].<br />
Dow, K. <strong>and</strong> Cutter, S.I. 2002. Emerging<br />
Hurricane Evacuation Issues: Hurricane Floyd <strong>and</strong> South<br />
Carolina. Natural Hazards Review 3: 12-18.<br />
L<strong>and</strong> Transport Authority. 2000. Motor Vehicle<br />
Registration Statistics.<br />
Mader, C.G. <strong>and</strong> Blair, M.L. 1987. Living with<br />
a volcanic threat: Response to volcanic hazards, Long<br />
Valley, California. William Sprangle, Portola Valley,<br />
California. 105p.<br />
Nairn, I.A., Self, S., Cole, J.W., Leonard, G.S. <strong>and</strong><br />
Scutter, C. 2001. Distribution, stratigraphy, <strong>and</strong> history<br />
<strong>of</strong> proximal deposits from the c.AD 1305 Kaharoa<br />
eruptive episode at Tarawera Volcano, New Zeal<strong>and</strong>,<br />
New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Journal <strong>of</strong> Geology <strong>and</strong> Geophysics 44:<br />
467-484.<br />
Tauranga-WBOP <strong>Emergency</strong> <strong>Management</strong>.<br />
2002. <strong>Civil</strong> <strong>Defence</strong> Plan 2002. <strong>Emergency</strong> <strong>Management</strong><br />
Office, Western Bay <strong>of</strong> Plenty District Council, Tauranga.<br />
Johnston, D., Nairn, I., Martin, R. 2002.<br />
Proximal impacts <strong>of</strong> the ~1305AD Kaharoa eruption on<br />
modern day New Zeal<strong>and</strong>. Institute <strong>of</strong> Geological <strong>and</strong><br />
Nuclear Sciences Science Report 2002/18. 28p.<br />
52<br />
TEPHRA<br />
June 2004