B Positive – all you wanted to know about - ASHM

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Health Records and Information Privacy Act 2002 (NSW) .....9 ‘healthy carrier’.............................................................................................41 Hepadnaviridae.......................................................................................... 4 hepatic decompensation.....................................10, 51, 6 , 65–6 hepatic encephalopathy.....................................................11, 5 , 54 hepatic fibrosis................................................................................................... ...............9–11, 31, 33–5, 37–8, 4 , 44, 53, 59–60, 6 , 65, 96–8 hepatic synthetic function..................................................................53 hepatitis A...............................................................................37, 48, 5 , 77 Hepatitis Australia...................................................................................105 Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) see HBIG hepatitis C.............................................................................................17–18, 35, 47, 51, 53–4, 63, 65–6, 68, 78–9, 8 –3, 85–7, 104–5 • see also HBV-HCV coinfection hepatitis D..........................................................43–4, 5 , 54, 66, 78–9 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC.............................................69–7 • chronic hepatitis B.....................................................................51 • cirrhosis.....................................................................................44, 70 • epidemiology...................................................................................11 • ethnicity...........................................................................15, 18, 69 • HBV DNA level.............................................................31, 44, 53 • high-risk communities..................................................69–70 • incidence........................................................................14, 69–70 • Indigenous Australians..........................................................16 • lamivudine....................................................................................60 • mortality...................................................................................14, 69 • prediction of development....3 –3, 43–4, 53, 65, 69 • prevention................................................................................71– • risk factors.......................................................................................44 • screening.................................................................55, 68, 70, 7 • treatment options..............................................................11, 71 • vaccination.....................................................................................46 hepatocytes............................................................ 4–5, 43, 54, 80, 98 hepatoma see liver cancer high-risk behaviours.......................................................17–19, 40, 47 • see also exposure-prone procedures high-risk communities.......................6, 9, 14–18, 35, 40, 47, 7 highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) see cART Histological Activity Index (HAI)......................................................34 histology....................................................................................4 –3, 60, 97 HIV......................................................................................................... 6–9, 35, 47, 55, 61, 66, 75–6, 80, 8 –3, 85–7, 89–90, 104 • HBV-HIV coinfection ....................... 7, 44, 5 , 63, 78–9 HIV Observational Database............................................................78 Hong Kong immigrants........................................................................15 household contacts................................................................................... ..............................35, 40, 46–7, 5 , 75, 77, 83, 85, 10 , 104–5 i immunosuppression..............................35, 43, 47, 49, 54, 75, 80 ‘inactive carrier’......................................................................................41– incubation...............................................................................................31, 41 Indigenous Australians • high risk group ..........................................................18–19, 40 • liver cancer ...........................................................................15–16 • prevalence ............................................................14–16, 35, 47 • vaccination .................................................................. 15, 47, 50 Infanrix HepB.................................................................................................48 Infanrix Hexa..................................................................................................48 Infanrix Penta................................................................................................48 infant vaccination programs......9, 18, 46–9, 71, 76–7, 85, 104 infection control...................................................................................8 –9 Infection Control Guidelines for the Prevention of Transmission of Infectious Diseases in the Health Care Setting.................................................................................................8 –4, 87 informed consent......................................................................36, 90, 93 injecting drug users • disease pattern............................................................................17 • HBV-HCV coinfection......................................................17, 79 • HBV-HDV coinfection.............................................................79 • HBV transmission.........................................40, 46, 10 , 104 • prevalence............................................................13–14, 17–18 • vaccination..................................................................47, 85, 104 intellectually disabled people...........................................................47 interferon based-therapy........................................................................... .......................10, 33, 55, 57, 59–63, 65–6, 7 , 77–80, 97–8, 103 Ishak modified HAI...................................................................................34 J jaundice.........................................................................11, 41, 53, 66, 10 K kava................................................................................................................98–9 kurorinone................................................................................................97–9 L lamivudine (LMV)........................................................................................... .......................10, 5, 7–9, 44, 55, 57, 59–6 , 76–80, 97–8, 103 Larrea tridenta (chaparral)...........................................................96, 98 lifestyle issues.............................................................................................103 liver biopsy.................................9, 33–5, 43, 53, 55, 57–9, 70, 103 • liver cancer see hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) liver enzymes................................................................................................53 liver function tests...............................................................4 , 53–4, 6 b Positive – all you wanted to know about hepatitis b: a guide for primary care providers 1 1
Index liver transplantation................................11, 58, 6 , 65, 69–7 , 85 liver ultrasound.................................................53–5, 69–70, 77, 103 M magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).............................................70 mandatory notification.........................................................................14 medical records.....................................................................................93–5 Medical Services Advisory Committee......................................33 men who have sex with men (MSM) • high-risk behaviour .........................................................19, 40 • HIV-HBV coinfection ...............................................................78 • prevalence ....................................................................14, 18, 47 • vaccination ................................................................18, 47, 104 Mentha pulgeium (pennyroyal).............................................96, 98 METAVIR system....................................................................................34–5 Models of Care database..............................................................91, 93 monitoring treatment.....19, 33, 35, 54, 57–8, 61– , 67–8, 77 multi-drug resistance.............................................................................. 8 multidisciplinary teams.........................................................................94 mutations................. 4, 6–9, 33, 43, 50, 53, 55, 6 , 76, 78, 80 n National Herbalists Association of Australia (NHAA)....96, 99 National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System............8, 14 needlestick injury..............................................................85–7, 94, 10 New Zealand National Hepatitis B Programme.............7, 7 non-invasive assessment...............................................................34–5 notifiable disease.........................................................................90–1, 93 NSW Needlestick Injury Hotline......................................................87 nucleoside and nucleotide analogues (NA)................................. ................................................................ 4–5, 7–9, 54–5, 58, 61–3, 65 o occult HBV.................................................................. 9, 34, 43–4, 78–9 occupational health..................................................................47, 8 –9 Ocium basilicum (sweet basil)..........................................................97 Office of the Privacy Commissioner..............................91–3, 95 overlapping open reading frames (ORF).................................. 5 oxymatrine.......................................................................................96–7, 99 P paediatric management................................................................77–8 Passiflora incarnata (passionflower).............................................98 pegylated interferon.....................10, 55, 57, 59–65, 77–9, 103 percutaneous ablation...........................................................11, 69, 71 peripheral oedema...................................................................................5 Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee............55, 59 Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme.................55, 58–6 , 76, 78 phyllanthus...............................................................................................98–9 1 b Positive – all you wanted to know about hepatitis b: a guide for primary care providers Piper methysticum (kava)....................................................................98 pol-env overlap.......................................................................................... 8 • Pol ORF see reverse transcriptase/DNA polymerase (Pol ORF) polyarteritis nodosa.................................................................................5 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays......9, 3 , 43, 53, 83 polymerase mutations.................................................................... 7–9 portal hypertension...................................................................11, 66–8 portal systemic encephalopathy.............................................66–8 post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)....................................................87 precautions against transmission...............................................104 ‘precore mutant’ HBV................................................ 6, 33, 4 –3, 53 preferred terminology............................................................................41 pregnancy................................................................................55, 63, 75–6 premature infants......................................................................................48 prevalence.............................................................................13–19, 35, 47 prevention.............................................................................................46–50 prisoners...............................................................................17, 19, 47, 104 privacy..........................................................................................................90–5 Privacy Act 1988 (Commonwealth)...............................90–1, 94 prophylaxis • health care workers..................................................................87 • during immunosuppressive therapy..........................80 • pregnancy................................................................................76–7 protective equipment............................................................................84 prothrombin time...............................................................................53–4 Public Health Act 1991 (NSW)..........................................................93 public health programs..........................................................18, 71– pyrrolizidine alkaloids.............................................................................98 r reactivation............................10–11, 3 , 34, 41–3, 57, 75, 78–80 rescue therapy............................................................................................. 8 REVEAL study................................................................................................44 reverse transcriptase.................................................................. 4–6, 8 reverse transcriptase/DNA polymerase (Pol ORF).............. 5 risk factors...............................................................................17–19, 40, 51 rituximab ........................................................................................................ 10 s safe sex...........................................................................................................104 Salvia miltiorrhiza (scarlet root; Dan Shen)..............................97 screening..........................................................11, 35, 46–7, 69, 71, 85 • antenatal..........................................................................................76 • effectiveness....................................................................................7 • HCC screening....................................................55, 68–7 , 77 Scutellaria baicalensis (baical skullcap).......................................97 Scutellaria laterifolia (skullcap)...........................................................98 sex workers.................................................................................40, 47, 104
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all you wanted to know about hepati
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B Positive - all you wanted to know
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4 b Positive - all you wanted to kn
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Foreword in nsW, just seven cancers
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Executive Summary this monograph ai
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Executive Summary variable course o
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Executive Summary of the exposed he
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5 Figures and 2 Tables 1 Prevalence
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1 Prevalence and epidemiology of he
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VIROLOGY: VIRAL REPLICATION AND DRU
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2 Virology: viral replication and d
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3 Hepatitis B virus testing and int
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References 1. Milich d, Liang tJ. e
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NATURAL HISTORY OF CHRONIC HEPATITI
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4 Natural history of chronic hepati
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4 Natural history of chronic hepati
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PRIMARY PREVENTION OF HEPATITIS B V
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5 Primary prevention of hepatitis B
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5 Primary prevention of hepatitis B
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6 Clinical assessment of patients w
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7 Treatment of chronic hepatitis B
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8 Managing patients with advanced l
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8 Managing patients with advanced l
Page 71 and 72: 9 Hepatitis B virus related hepatoc
Page 77 and 78: 10 Managing hepatitis B virus infec
Page 83 and 84: INFECTION CONTROL AND OCCUPATIONAL
Page 85 and 86: 11 Infection control and occupation
Page 91 and 92: PRIVACY, CONFIDENTIALITY AND OTHER
Page 93 and 94: 12 Privacy, confidentiality and oth
Page 95 and 96: 12 Privacy, confidentiality and oth
Page 97 and 98: THE ROLE OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
Page 99 and 100: 13 The role of complementary medici
Page 101 and 102: 13 The role of complementary medici
Page 103 and 104: Appendix 1 Hepatitis B Fact sheet -
Page 105 and 106: Appendix 1 - Continued support is a
Page 107 and 108: Appendix 2 List of useful organisat
Page 109 and 110: Appendix 2 - Continued » Hepatitis
Page 111 and 112: Appendix 2 - Continued The Hepatiti
Page 113 and 114: Appendix 2 - Continued otHer onLine
Page 115 and 116: GLOSSARY AND ABBREVIATIONS Viral he
Page 117 and 118: Glossary and abbreviations GP: Gene
Page 119 and 120: Glossary and abbreviations Standard
Page 121: Index • HBV DNA level............
Page 125: Notes 1 4 b Positive - all you want
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