IWMPâ3, KESHOD - Commissionerate of Rural Development ...

DISTRICT WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT UNIT‐JUNAGADH 

Detailed Project Report – I.W.M.P.‐3, KESHOD Page 1



TABLE OF CONTENTS 


1.1 Chapter 1 Project Background………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………...……..………..………..………..………..………..………….………………..10 

Table no.1 : Basic project information : ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………11 

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme:..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………..…………………………………..….………....13 

Table no. 2: Weightage of the project ……………...………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………………………..……………………………………………………….………..13 

Table no. 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed ……..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………………..………..………..………..……………..…14 

Table no.3: Watershed information……..……………….………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………..………..…………..……..……...……..……………..15 

1.3 Other developmental projects/schemes running in the all village ..........................................................................................................................................................16 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area:……..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………..………..………..…………….…….………….16 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area ……..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..……..…..………..………...……………16 

Chapter 2 Project Implementing Agency………..………..………..………..…………….…..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………...……..………..………..………..…………..………..……….………………….17 

2.1. Project Implementing Agency ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................18 

2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit(DWDU), Junagadh ..............................................................................................................................................................18 

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: ……..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………………………………………………………………..….…18‐19 

2.2.2 Programmes/projects of DWDU, Junagadh: ……..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………………………………...……………….………….20 

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU: ……..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………………………………………………………………………………..….21 

Table no. 6: PIA:…………………………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……….………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..……………..…………..……22 

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: ……………………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..………..……..……………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………….……….22 



Chapter 3 Basic Information of the Project Area :‐ ………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..………..…………...……..…………..………..………..………..……….23 

3.1. Geography and Geo‐hydrology................................................................................................................................................................................................................……...24 

3.1.1 Land use pattern: ...………..………..………..………..………..………..………………..……………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..………………………………..…………….…………..24 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: ………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..…………..……..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..………..……………….…………24 

3.1.2 Soil and topography: ………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..……………..…..………..…….………………….....……..25 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography: ………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..………..………..………..……………..………..………..………..…………….…………………………25 

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……..….…..25 

Table no. 11: Soil Erosion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……..…….26 

Table no. 11.1: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..26 

Table no.12: Climatic conditions………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….26 

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………27 

3.1.3 Land and Agriculture: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………27 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….28 

Table no. 15: Agriculture…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….28 

Table no. 16: Crop details: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….29 

3.1.4 Irrigation……………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..………..30 

Table no. 17 Irrigation………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...30 

Table no. 18: Livestock. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...28 

3.1.5 Drinking Water..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………..………..31 

Table no. 19 : Drinking water………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………31 



Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………31 

3.2. Socio‐Economic Profile…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..…32 

Demographic Status: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………..………..32 

Table no. 21: Demographic information …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….32 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………32 

3.2.1 Migration Pattern: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………...33 

Table no. 23: Migration details ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………33 

Table no. 24: Poverty ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….33 

3.2.2 Infrastructure facilities: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...………34 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….34 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………34 

3.3. Livelihood pattern: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….35 

Table no. 27: Per capita Income………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………35 

3.3.1 Dependence on Common Property Resource……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………35 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….35 

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….……….36 

Chapter 4 Watershed Activities:‐….........................................................................................................................................................................................................................37 

4.1. Scientific Planning:.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................38‐46 

Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………47 



4.2. Institution building………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..………48 

Table no. 31: Watershed Committee (WC) details…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………49‐53 

4.2.1 Self Help Group………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………54 

Table no. 32: SHG details……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………54 

4.2.2 User Group: ………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………55 

Table No. 33.1: The following types of groups were planned to be formed…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..55 

Table no. 33.2: UG detail: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….55 

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP, Keshod:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………56 

4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………....……...56‐57 

Table no.34: Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in lakh Rs.).....................................................................................................................................………........58‐60 

4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..……61 

Ridge area Treatement Plans : ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……61 

Technical Specification of Chack Dam……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………61‐69 

Techinal Details of Percolation Well:..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..70‐71 

Table no.35: Details of activities of preparatory phase (All financial figures in lakh Rs.)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………72 

Table no.36: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) ………………………………………………………………..…72‐75 

Table no. 37: Activities Related to Recharging Ground Water Resource in Project Area……………………………………………………………………………………………………….………76 

Table no. 38: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas ………………………………………………………………………………………….…….77‐78 

Table no. 39: Other activities of watershed works phase – Proposed target: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….79 

Table no.40: Details of engineering structures in watershed works* ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………80‐84 



Table No. 40.6 : Technical Details of Farm Bund………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…85‐86 

Table No. 40.7: Quantity Excavation for Farm Bund …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………86 

Table No. 40.8: Technical Details of Farm Pond……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………88 

Table No. 40.4: Technical details of Percolation Tank or village pond ……………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…88 

Drainnage line Treatment Water Harvesting……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….88 

Table no.41: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works…………………………………………………………………………………………………….….89‐93 

Table No. 41.6: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….….94 

Table No. 41.7: Cost Estimation for afforestation activity……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..94 

Table no.42: Details of allied / other activities……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………95‐101 

Production System‐: For IWMP‐3 Keshod Watershed Project ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………102 

Production System‐:1 Bio Gas Unit………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….102‐104 

Production System‐:2 Papad Production Unit ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………..……105‐108 

Production System‐:3 Varmi Compost……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………109 

Microenterprise Activities For Keshod………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………110 

Microenterprise: ‐ 1 Fooder Bank……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……110‐114 

Microenterprise: ‐ 2 Bekari Unit ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….115 

Microenterprise: ‐ 3 Paper Dish Bowl MaUnit…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………..116‐117 

AgriCulture Improvement Programme……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……117‐122 

4.4. Capacity Building: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………..…….123 

Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………124‐125 

Table no. 44: Capacity Building Institution: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….126 

Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………127 



Table no.46: Information, education and Communication Activities: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….127 

Chapter 5 Budgeting:‐…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………128 

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….129 

Table no. 48: Village component wise budget available under IWMP ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….130 

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….130 

Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….131 

Table no. 51: Public‐Private Partnership in the IWMP projects………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………132 

Chapter 6 Expected Outcome:‐……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………133 

6.1 Expected Outcomes: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...134 

6.1.1 Employment : ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………….…………………………….……134 

Table no. 52: Employment in Project area : ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………134 

6.1.2.Migration: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………….……………………135 

Table no. 53: Details of seasonal migration from Project area ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 136 

Table no. 54: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters): ………………………………………………………………………………………….………136 

6.1.4 Drinking water: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………….………137 

Table no. 55: Status of Drinking water: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……137 

6.1.5 Crops :……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………138 

Table no. 56 : Details of crop area and yield in the project area: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..138 



6.1.6 Horticulture: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………..139 

Table no. 57: Area under horticulture: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………139 

6.1.7 Vegetative cover ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………...139 

Table no. 58: Forest/vegetative cover:.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….139 

6.1.8 Livestock: ..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……….…………………………………………………………………………………………140 

Table no. 59: Details of livestock in the project areas (for fluids please mention in litres, for solids please mention in kgs. and income in Rs.) ……………………….140 

Table no. 60: Backward‐Forward linkage: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………….141 

6.2 Logical Framework Analysis..............................................................................................................….......................................................................................142‐146 

Chapter 7 Quality and Sustainability Issue………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..147 

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation: ……………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………148‐150 

7.2 Plans For Project management: …………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………151 

7.3 Watershed Development Fund: ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………151 

7.4 User Charges: ……………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……151 

7.5 Map of Project Village…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………152‐163 





1.1 Project Background 

The project IWMP‐3 is being implemented in Keshod taluka of Junagadh district with five villages forming the cluster. The villages are Meswan, 

Revadra, Kevadra, Eklera and Gelana. The cumulative area proposed to be treated under the project is 4980.90 hectares. Meswan is the largest 

village in the cluster with a proposed area of 2194.30 hectares followed by Kevadra (1659.9), Gelana (463.9), Eklera (347.2) and Revadra 

(315.60). 

The nearest town is Keshod which is about 10 kms from the nearest village in the project cluster. All the villages are connected by pucca road 

with the national highway. The major communities residing in the cluster are Patels and Darbars . The people mainly depend on agriculture as 

their main source of livelihood with 80% of the people engaged in it. Groundnut is the major crop followed by cotton and cumin. The current 

generation of youngsters in the villages generally migrate to nearby cities like Rajkot, Jamnagar and Porbandar for working in the tile factories 

and diamond polishing centres. the land is generally plain and forest area is virtually non‐existent in the cluster. 

Water is available for 4‐5 months during the year when all the canals and streams could be seen flooded, but for the rest part of the year there 

is an acute scarcity of water in many villages. In our project cluster, drinking water is well available in two villages by virtue of supply from 

Narmada canal. 

Table no. 1: Basic project information 

Sl. 

No 

Name of 

the project 

Name 

Villages 

C2K code 

Gram 

Panchayats 

Taluka District Area of 

the 

project 

Area 

proposed 

to be 

treated 

Total 

project 

cost (Rs. 

in lakh) 

IWMP‐3 Eklera 120070084440000 Eklera Keshod Junagadh 347.20 347.20 41.66 DWDU 

Gelana 120070084460000 Gelana 463.90 463.90 55.67 Junagadh 

Kevadra 120070084390000 Kevadra 1659.90 1659.90 199.19 

Mesvan 120070084370000 Mesvan 2194.30 2194.30 263.32 

Revadra 120070084470000 Revadra 315.60 315.60 37.87 

PIA 





1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme 

Watershed Development Programme is selected on the basis of thirteen parameter namely Poverty Index, Percentage of SC/ST, Actual wages, 

Percentage of small and marginal farmers, Ground water status, Moisture Index, Area under rain fed agriculture, Drinking water situation in 

the area, Percentage of degraded land, Productivity potential of land, Continuity of another watershed that has already developed/treated, 

Cluster Approach for hilly terrain. Based on these thirteen parameter a composite ranking has been given to the watershed project as given in 

Table no. 2. 

Table no. 2: Weightage of the Project 

Project 

name 

IWMP‐3 

Project 

type 

Weightage 

i ii iii iv V vi vii viii ix X xi xii xiii 

2.5 3 5 5 3 15 5 5 5 5 10 15 0 



Table No.2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed 

S. 

No 

Criteria 

Maxim 

um 

Ranges & scores 

score 

10 Above 80 % (10) 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20 % (5) Below 20 

% (2.5) 

i Poverty index (% of poor to 

population) 

ii % of SC/ ST population 10 More than 40 % (10) 20 to 40 % (5) Less than 20 % (3) 

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages are 

Actual wages are 

significantly lower than equal to or higher 

minimum wages (5) than minimum wages 

(0) 

iv % of small and marginal 10 More than 80 % (10) 50 to 80 % (5) Less than 50 % (3) 

farmers 

v Ground water status 5 Over exploited (5) Critical (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0) 

vi Moisture index/ 

DPAP/ DDP Block 

15 ‐66.7 & below (15) 

DDP Block 

‐33.3 to ‐66.6 (10) 

DPAP Block 

0 to ‐33.2 (0) 

Non DPAP/ DDP Block 

vii Area under rain‐fed 

agriculture 

15 More than 90 % (15) 80 to 90 % (10) 70 to 80% (5) Above 70 

% 

viii Drinking water 10 No source (10) Problematic village 

(7.5) 

ix Degraded land 15 High – above 20 % (15) Medium – 10 to 20 % 

(10) 

x Productivity potential of 

the land 

15 Lands with low production 

& where productivity can 

be significantly enhanced 

with reasonable efforts (15) 

Lands with moderate 

production & where 

productivity can be 

enhanced with 

reasonable efforts 

(10) 

Partially covered (5) 

Low‐ less than 10 % of TGA (5) 

Lands with high production & 

where productivity can be 

marginally enhanced with 

reasonable efforts (5) 

(Reject) 

Fully 

covered 

(0) 



xi 

xii 

xiii 

Contiguity to another 

watershed that has already 

been developed/ treated 

Cluster approach in the 

plains (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the project) 

Cluster approach in the 

hills (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the project) 

10 Contiguous to previously 

treated watershed & 

contiguity within the 

microwatersheds in the 

project (10) 

15 Above 6 micro‐watersheds 

in cluster (15) 

15 Above 5 micro‐watersheds 

in cluster (15) 

Contiguity within the 

microwatersheds in 

the project but non 

contiguous to 

previously treated 

watershed (5) 

4 to 6 


cluster (10) 

3 to 5 


cluster (10) 

Neither contiguous to 

previously treated watershed 

nor contiguity within the 

microwatersheds in the 

project (0) 

2 to 4 microwatersheds in 

cluster (5) 

2 to 3 microwatersheds in 

cluster (5) 

Total 150 150 90 41 2.5 

Table no. 3: Watershed information 

Name of the project No. of watersheds to be 

treated 

Watershed code 

IWMP‐3 6 5G1D1b1g ,5G1D1b2g, 5G1D1b2f, 

5G1D1b2e, 5G1D1b2h, 5G1D1b1h 

Watershed regime/type/order 

Micro watershed 


Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: 

Sr.N 

o 

Name of the 

programme/scheme 

Sponsoring 

agency 

Objectives of the 

programme/scheme 


Year of commencement 

Villages 

covered 

Estimated 

number of 

beneficiaries 

1 WASMO Govt of Gujarat Drinking water pipeline 2006 2 6700 

2 NREGS CRD Employment 2009 5 2055 

3 IAY CRD Housing 2005 4 197 

4 Sakhi Mandal Govt of Gujarat Savings and Employment 2004 5 1265 

5 TSC Govt of Gujarat Sanitation 2006 5 420 

6 Sardar Patel Awas Yojana Govt of Gujarat Housing 2005 5 239 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area: (NOT APPLICABLE) 

Sr. 

No 

Project 

Name 

Year 

started 

Name 

of 

villages 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadr 

No. Of 

micro 

watershed 

Watershed 

codes 

Area 

under 

treatment 

(ha) 

Funding 

source 

Nodal 

agency 

PIA 

Total 

cost 

Expenditure 

incurred up 

to start of 

IWMP 

% financial 

completion % physical 

completion 





2.1 Project Implementing Agency 

The Project Implementing Agency (PIA) is being selected by an appropriate mechanism by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA). PIAs would be 

responsible for implementation of watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous organizations under 

State/ Central Governments, Government Institutes/ Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayats, Voluntary Organizations (VOs).The PIA for 

IWMP‐3 is District Watershed Development Unit, Junagadh. 

2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit, Junagadh. 

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: 

The District Watershed Development Unit (DWDU), Junagadh is a district level nodal agency and was established on 12th June 2008 under 

constitution of Para 30 of new guideline, to oversee for the smooth implementation of watershed projects in the district. The District 

Development Officer (DDO) is the chairman of the DWDU. The DWDU has a Multi‐Disciplinary Team (MDT) comprising of both experienced and 

fresh graduates various backgrounds like engineering, surveying, community mobilization, accounts, agriculture and data entry operations. The 

DWDU is headed by the Project Manager (deputation from Gujarat Forest Department) assisted by a Technical Expert (on contract basis) and 

MDT's. The remaining staff i.e. MIS coordinator, System Analyst, Livestock specialist will be recruited very soon. The DWDU Junagadh has its 

own office in the Training Complex of the DRDA, located at Sardar Baug. 



The functions of DWDU: 

a) Take up the over all responsibility of facilitating preparation of strategic and annual action plans for watershed development projects in the 

district. 

b) Providing professional and technical support to Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) in planning and execution of watershed development 

projects. 

c) Develop action plans for capacity building with close involvement of resource organizations to execute the capacity building action plans. 

d) Carry out regular monitoring, evaluation and learning. 

e) Ensure smooth flow of funds to watershed development projects. 

f) Ensure timely submission of required documents to SLNA/Nodal Agency of the Department at central level. 

g) Facilitate and co‐ordination with relevant programmes of agriculture, horticulture, rural development, animal husbandry, etc with 

watershed development and convergence plans for enhancement of productivity and livelihoods interventions for asset less persons. 

h) Integrate and co‐ordinate watershed development projects/plans into district plans of the district planning committees. 

i) Establish and maintain the District Level Date Cell and link it to the State Level and National Level Data Centre. 

Moreover, the DWDU, Junagadh is also working as a PIA for three IWMP projects. 



2.2.2 Programmes/projects running in the district 

Junagadh district was assigned 428 projects, covering a total of 2,10,123 hectares, under the Haryali/ Pre‐ Haryali Watershed Projects. 

Completed projects 

There were 59 projects under DPAP Batch 1,2& 4 covering 29488 hectares. The total grant was 1239.27 lakhs against which a 

cumulative expenditure of 1169.22 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 95% achievement. 

There were 44 projects under EAS covering 16202 hectares. The total grant was 834.72lakhs against which a cumulative expenditure of 

802.01 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 96.08% achievement. 

There were 47 projects under State Watershed covering 23500 hectares. The total grant was 275.07 lakhs against which a cumulative 

expenditure of 275.07 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in100% achievement. 

There were 24 projects under IWDP‐1 covering 12000 hectares. The total grant was 482.02 lakhs against which a cumulative 

expenditure of 480.69 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 99.72% achievement. 

Status of Continuing Projects 

There are 160 projects under DPAP‐ 5 to DPAP‐12 covering 79043 hectares. The total grant was 1804.89 lakhs against which a 

cumulative expenditure of 1556.97 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 86.26% achievement. 

 

 

There are 94 projects under IWDP‐2 to IWDP‐8 covering 49890 hectares. The total grant was 1245.58 lakhs against which a cumulative 

expenditure of 1021.94 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 82.05% achievement. 

Total :There are a total of 254 projects under DPAP and IWDP covering 128933 hectares. The total grant was 3050.47 lakhs against 

which a cumulative expenditure of 2578.91 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 84.54% achievement. 

Among the ongoing DPAP projects are DPAP – 5 to DPAP – 12 covering 160 projects. The total grant allocation for the ongoing DPAP 

projects is Rs 4530 lakhs against which Rs 1786.52 lakhs has been released till date jointly by the Centre and State. The achievement rate is 

84.07% against the total grant released. The Centre and state shared the total cost in 75:25 proportion. The balance fund available as on 

March 31, 2010 stands at Rs 287.67 lakhs. 



2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU 

Strength: 

(1) Dedicated and experience staffs and multidisciplinary team 

(2) Independent District Level Nodal Agency. 

(3) Strong linkages with national and state level institutions, agricultural universities, Sourastra University, KVK and NGOs for capacity building 

and technical guidance 

(4) Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of BISAG, Gandhinagar 

(5) District level monitoring, coordination Committee 

(6) Well establishment of PRIs for social audits for transparency and accountability. 

Weakness: 

(1) Insufficient funds to complete watershed projects per hectare. 

(2) Permanent staff is less in numbers. 

(3) No permanent office building. 

Opportunities: 

(1) Sustainable livelihood generation for landless and asset less persons. 

(2) Improvement of socio‐economic status of poor. 

(3) Awareness generation among the beneficiaries through information, education and communication activities. 

(4) Reduction in migration rate. 

(5) Usage of new technologies of watershed modeling and GPS for monitoring of watershed activities. 



Threats: 

(1) Lack of sustainable agricultural development package. 

(2) Lack of voluntary contribution and cooperation from local peoples. 

(3) Party politics in village leading to multi‐interest groups 

Table no. 6: PIA: 

SI. No. Name of project Details of PIA 

Type of organization 

District Level Nodal Agency 

1 IWMP‐3 

Name of Organization 

DWDU, Junagadh 

Designation and Address 

Project Manager.DWDU, Rajkot 

Telephone 0285‐2635974 

Fax 0285‐2635974 

E‐mail 

jundwdu@gmail.com 

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: 

Sr. Name Age Sex Designation Qualification Experience Job assigned Monthly 

No 

remuneration 

1 Mr. B.M. RABARI 55 M Project Manager GFS 28 Project 

Management 

50000 

2 Mr. A. MOHANTY 26 M Technical expert PGDRM 8 months Monitoring 25000 

3 Mr. K.L. VADAR 23 M MDT (Engg.) Diploma(Civil) 1 y 7 m Engineering works 9000 

4 Mr. S.V.Bharda 25 M MDT(Agri.) M.R.S. (Agro.) 4 months Agriculture 9000 

5 Ms.D.R.Patel 27 F MDT( CM) M.Sc (Home Sc) 1y 8m Community 9000 

6 Ms. K A Dhanesha 26 F MDT(Accountant) M.Com 4 months Accounts 8000 

7 Mr B M Mer 25 M MDT(Surveyor) Diploma(Civil) 4 months Surveying 7000 

8 Mr. P B Vataliya 29 M MDT(DEO) B.Com.(D.C.S.) 4 months Data Entry 6000 

9 Ms. M L Bharathi 24 F WDT (Engg.) Diploma(Civil) 3 years Engineering works 8000 

10 Mr G G Karkar 22 M WDT ( Agri.) B.R.S 4 months Agriculture 8000 

11 Ms S G Ladani 25 F WDT (CM) M.Sc (H.S) 4 months Community 8000 

12 Ms S D Khandhediya 26 F WDT(Accounts) B.Com. 3 months Accounts 7000 

13 Mr K P Dhorajiya 19 M WDT(Surveyor) I.T.I Surveyer 4 months Surveying 6000 

14 Mr H K Tank 22 M WDT(DEO) M.Com. (D.C.S.) 4 months Data Entry 5000 





3.1. Geography and Geo‐hydrology 

3.1.1 Land use pattern: 

The net geographical area of the five cluster villages is 4980.9 hectares out of which 2.10 hectares is forest area. About 4287.2 ha of land is 

under agriculture which is mostly rain fed. Both Kharif and Rabi crops are taken in the cluster. of the total available land 383.70 ha is cultivable 

and 307.90 ha is uncultivable. The watershed consists Pipal, Banyan,Babul and other shrubs spread across the region. 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: 

Sr. No. Names of Geographical Forest Land under Rainfed Permanent Wasteland 

villages Area of the 

agricultural 

village Area 

area Pastures 

use (ha) 

Cultivable Noncultivable 

(ha) 

1 Eklera 347.20 0.00 265.60 60.30 0.00 60.30 21.30 

2 Gelana 463.90 0.00 354.00 325.10 0.00 91.50 18.40 

3 Kevadra 1659.90 0.00 1539.20 1063.30 0.00 55.10 65.60 

4 Mesvan 2194.30 2.10 1853.10 1519.00 0.00 153.70 185.40 

5 Revadra 315.60 0.00 275.30 235.60 0.00 23.10 17.20 

3.1.2 Soil and topography 



Nearly 95 % of the geographical are is comprised of shallow to medium black soil having depth upto 0.6‐0.75 mt top soil and 5% is red soil. The 

soil is slightly reddish to very brown in surface colour. By large soils are well drained with moderate water holding capacity. From sustainable 

development perspectives, what is alarming is the steady decline in the soil quality due to sheet erosion. There has a considerable reduction in 

the application of farm yard manure resulting in reduced in moisture retention capacity and porosity in the soils. Generally the organic carbon 

content too is low. Lack of water conservation measures at the field and at the community level has led to the acceleration of environmental 

degradation. The farmers generally depend on internal resources (seeds etc) as inputs for the next season. The topography of the area is 

moderate ranging from 0‐10 % slope. 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography 

S. No. Name of the Agro‐climatic Area in ha Name of village Major soil types Topography 

a)Type b] Area in ha 

1 Saurashrata 347.20 Eklera 

2 463.90 Gelana 

3 1659.90 Kevadra 

4 2194.30 Mesvan 

5 315.60 Revadra 

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition 

BLACK SOIL 

RED SOIL 

Sr.No Village Flood (Incidence) Drought (Incidence) 

1 Eklera Nil Nil 

2 Gelana Nil Nil 

3 Kevadra Nil Nil 

4 Mesvan Nil Nil 

5 Revadra Nil Nil 

FLAT 



Table no. 11: Soil Erosion 

Cause Type of erosion Area affected (ha) Run off (mm/ year] Average soil loss (Tonnes/ 

ha/ year) 

Water erosion 

a Sheet 2588.36 68203.42 

b Rill 400 3141.86 

c Gully 1992.18 37624.86 

d Ravenous ‐ ‐ 

Sub‐Total 4980 108970.14 

Wind erosion 

Total 

Table no. 11.1: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) 

Name of the Village Survey Number Soil pH 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

Table: 12. Last six years annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature of Keshod taluka 

Sr.No. Year Rainfall (in mm) Temperature (°C) 

Max. 

Min. 

1 2004 980 39 9 

2 2005 1063 35 16 

3 2006 912 36 17 

4 2007 1543 38 15 

5 2008 1100 41 13 

6 2009 1048 45 9 

Type of Salinity 

(Inherent/Ingress) 



Slope 

The slope of the watershed was calculated based on topographic elevation (contours and spot height) from satellite maps and provided by 

BISAG, Gandhinagar. These maps will help in recommendation/implementation of suitable land management practices in association of other 

thematic information. 

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief 

Project name Elevation Slope range (%) Major streams 

Eklera 5‐6 metres 5‐6% 

Gelana 7‐8 metres 6.5‐8% 

Kevadra 5‐6 metres 5‐6% 

Mesvan 

6‐7 metres 6.5‐8% 

Revadra 7‐8 metres 7‐8% 



3.1.3 Land and Agriculture 

The main crops under agriculture are cotton, groundnut, wheat, cumin, sorghum, maize and jawar. The land conservation measures such as 

earthen bunds and farm bunds in the area will help them to take up a rabi crop of gram or cumin in the residual moisture. 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details 

Sr.No 

Village 

Total owned land 

Gen OBC SC ST 

1 Eklera 3 67 3 13 

2 Gelana 86 40 7 1 

3 Kevadra 420 197 19 42 

4 Mesvan 596 73 4 2 

5 Revadra 3 53 1 4 

Total 1108 430 34 62 

Table no. 15: Agriculture 

Sr.No Village Net sown area (ha) 

One time Two times Three times 

1 Eklera 198.13 125.03 6.08 

2 Gelana 208.39 133 0.32 

3 Kevadra 4050.80 415.18 15.76 

4 Mesvan 1425.18 610.07 14.72 

5 Revadra 213.03 100.55 0.97 



Table no. 16: Crop details 

Sr.No Village Kharif (Monsoon) 

Crop 1 Groundnut Kg/Ha Crop 2 Castor Crop 3 Cotton Kg/Ha 

Area(Ha) Production(kg) Productivity Area(Ha) Production(kg) Productivity Area(Ha) Production(kg) Productivity 

1 Eklera 198.31 153750 776 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 

2 Gelana 207.75 242294 1166 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 

3 Kevadra 872.02 619353 710 2.75 2945 1070 26 18300 703 

4 Mesvan 1419.42 1074090 756 ‐ ‐ ‐ 4.16 3250 781 

5 Revadra 206 216476 1050 0.8 400 500 5.92 12528 2116 

Sr.No Village Rabi (Winter) 

Crop 1 Wheat kg/ha Crop 2 Dhaana kg/ha Crop 3 Jeera 

Area Production(kg) Productivity Area Production(kg) Productivity Area Production Productivity 

1 Eklera 119.75 235735 1968 5.28 3480 659 ‐ ‐ ‐ 

2 Gelana 117.73 324598 2757 249 11177 44.88 5.62 1897.65 337 

3 Kevadra 381.41 603495 1583 8.96 8740 975 56.39 109584 1943 

4 Mesvan 33.38 91725 2747 291.35 286787 985 242.36 123538 510 

5 Revadra 86.3 277611 3228 0.8 1920 2400 13.45 15640 1163 

Sr.No Village Summer 

Crop 1 Til kg/ha 

Crop 

Crop 

Bajri kg/ha 

2 

3 

Jeera 

Area Production(kg) Productivity Area Production(kg) Productivity Area Production Productivity 

1 Eklera ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 

2 Gelana 0.32 1062.5 3320 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 

3 Kevadra ‐ ‐ ‐ 17.04 15748 924 ‐ ‐ ‐ 

4 Mesvan 9.95 12468.82 1253 1.77 12625 7132 1.6 750 468 

5 Revadra 0.97 3142 3239 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 



3.1.4 Irrigation 

The irrigated area is 136 ha, which is 2.7 % of the total area of the cluster villages. Main source of irrigation is from ponds and checkdam. 

Agriculture is mainly rainfed and water for irrigation during the rest part of the year is available from limited sources in Kevadra, Mesvan and 

Revadra. 

Table no. 17: Irrigation 

Sr.N Village Source 1 : Canal Source 2 : Pond/Earthen dam Source 3 : Check dam 

o 

Availability Net area Gross area Availability Net area Gross area Availability Net area Gross 

months 

months 

months 

area 

1 Eklera ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 4 6 ha ‐ 

2 Gelana 4 7 ha ‐ 

3 Kevadra ‐ ‐ ‐ 5 20 ha ‐ 4 30 ha ‐ 

4 Mesvan ‐ ‐ ‐ 5 22 ha 4 9 ha ‐ 

5 Revadra ‐ ‐ ‐ 5 24 ha 4 18 ha 

Table no. 18: Livestock 

Sr.N Village Buffalo Cow Total Milk Goat 

o 

(Buffalo+Cow] 

Sheep Bullock Hen Others 

No Milk No Milk No Milk 

1 Eklera 142 27454 55 18302 45756 30 2 81 0 102 

2 Gelana 99 13770 29 9180 22950 22 0 97 0 55 

3 Kevadra 228 50626 146 33751 84377 86 100 317 0 183 

4 Mesvan 496 77484 102 51656 129140 43 4 398 0 222 

5 Revadra 125 21090 36 14060 35150 49 0 89 0 74 



3.1.5 Drinking water 

Drinking water is available in all the villages through household pipe connections which is linked through the Narmada water supply 

scheme. The quality of water is also good which has led to a reduction in the number of water borne diseases occurring in the village. 

Table no. 19: Drinking water 

Sr.No Village Ground water table (mt) Source of drinking water Availability in months Quality 

1 Eklera 25 Pipe connection 8 Good 

2 

22 Pipe connection 12 Good 

Gelana 

3 Kevadra 25 Pipe connection 12 Good 

4 Mesvan 30 Pipe connection 12 Good 

5 Revadra 21 Pipe connection 12 Good 

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources 

Sr. 

No. 

Names 


project 

CPR 

Particulars 

Pvt. persons 

Total Area (ha) 

Area owned/ In possession of 

Govt. 

(specify PRI 

deptt.) 

Any other 

(Pl. 

Specify) 

Pvt. 

persons 

Area available for treatment (ha) 

Govt. 

(specify 

deptt.) 

Wasteland/ degraded land 198.74 241.16 

Pastures 

Orchards 

Forest 27.71 

Village Ponds 10 3 8 2 

Check dams 24 30 6 

Canal 

Community Buildings 26 

Weekly Markets 

Permanent markets 

Temples/ Places of worship 10 

PRI 

Any other 

(Pl. Specify) 



3.2 Socio‐Economic Profile 

3.2.1 Demographic status :‐ 

Table no. 21: Demographic information 

Sr.No Village Population SC ST 

Total Male Female Total Male Female % Total Male Female % 

1 Eklera 974 500 474 265 125 140 27.2 275 125 140 28.2 

2 Gelana 1052 556 496 78 40 38 7.41 24 13 11 2.28 

3 Kevadra 4119 2150 1969 665 324 341 16.14 105 58 47 2.54 

4 Mesvan 6020 3145 2875 880 445 435 14.61 89 43 46 1.47 

5 Revadra 742 395 347 118 65 53 7.14 80 43 37 10.7 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate 

Sr.No Village Literacy Literacy % 

above age 14 

Total % Male % Female % 

1 Eklera 661 67.86 372 74.4 289 57.8 46.71 21.15 

2 Gelana 752 71.48 455 81.83 297 59.87 55.51 15.97 

3 Kevadra 3069 74.51 1747 81.25 1322 67.14 58.58 15.93 

4 Mesvan 4468 74.22 2549 81.04 1919 66.74 59.47 14.75 

5 Revadra 514 69.27 301 76.20 213 61.38 49.73 19.54 

Literacy % 

below age 14 



3.2.1 Migration Pattern: Migration is moderate in the cluster villages. The main reason of migration is availability of alternatives to 

agriculture like diamond polishing, tile making and wage labour. The youth in the villages generally prefer to work in these occupations 

because they want to enjoy the town‐life. This is equally evident for those young people who have patriarchal agricultural land. Agriculture is 

seeming to lose its sheen to other non‐farm occupations for the youngsters in the villages. 

Table no. 23: Migration details 

Sr.No Village 

Total 

population 

Migration Migration by months Main reason 

Total Male Female Up to 3 3‐6 months More than 6 for migration 

months 

months 

Income during 

migration / 

month 

1 743 110 70 40 0 0 110 better 

Eklera 

employment 

2 Gelana 1052 0 0 0 0 0 0 

prospects 

3 Kevadra 4119 380 169 111 0 0 380 

4 Mesvan 6020 525 310 215 0 0 525 

5 Revadra 742 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Rs 4500‐5000 

Table no. 24: Poverty 

Sr.No Village Total Household BPL %ofBPLHH Total Land less HH % of land less HH 

0‐16 16‐20 Total 

1 Eklera 150 0 5 5 3.33 40 26.66 

2 Gelana 252 7 9 16 6.34 35 13.88 

3 Kevadra 950 90 37 127 13.36 150 15.78 

4 Mesvan 1378 115 235 350 25.39 340 24.67 

5 Revadra 156 1 8 9 5.76 50 32.05 



3.2.2 Infrastructure facilities 

All the watershed villages are well connected with Keshod taluka through pucca roads. Each village has electricity connectivity. Nearly 95% per 

cent of households in the villages have their personal electric meters. Some villages have primary school with all facilities like personal 

computers and libraries. 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructure 

Sr.No Village Pucca Schools 

road to LP UP HS 

the 

village 

(Y/N) 

Colleges 

(Number) 

Post Office 

(Distance 

in kms) 

Banks 

(Number) Distance 

from 

nearest 

market 

yard 

Milk 

collection 

centre 

(Number) 

Milk 

cooperative 

(Number) 

Other 

cooperative 

s /CBIs 

(Number) 

Any other 

institution 

1 Eklera Y Y N N N N N 15 3 1 N N 

2 Gelana N Y N N N 0.5 N 16 1 1 N N 

3 Kevadra Y Y Y Y N 0.5 1 14 3 1 1 N 

4 Mesvan Y Y Y Y N 0.5 1 9 4 1 1 N 

5 Revadra Y Y N N N N N 12 2 1 1 N 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets 

Sr.No Village HHs with 

electricity 

HHs with 

safety 

latrines 

HHs with phones HHs with vehicle HHs with 

TV set 

Landline Mobile 2 ‐wheeler 4‐ wheeler 

HHs with 

cooking gas 

HHs with 

Drinking 

water 

HHs with 

freedge 

1 Eklera 137 68 10 109 35 3 58 80 130 1 

2 Gelana 202 104 16 163 83 2 136 157 219 47 

3 Kevadra 780 623 40 609 251 15 533 633 922 146 

4 Mesvan 1208 876 19 956 485 15 876 849 1270 339 

5 Revadra 104 46 12 89 60 5 60 86 140 12 



3.3 Livelihood pattern: The villagers earn their livelihood from animal husbandry, agriculture and wage labour. Another major occupation of 

the people is business, service, groundnut processing and diamond polishing industries in Keshod. 

3.3.1 Dependence on Common Property Resource 

Table no. 27: Yearly Income 

Sr.No Village Agriculture ( in Rs.) Animal husbandry Casual labour Others(Services& Total( in Rs.) 

( in Rs.) 

( in Rs.) Business) ( in Rs.) 

1 Eklera 

5213000 290000 1050000 486000 7039000 

2 

Gelana 

7300000 42000 1086400 1673000 10101400 

3 

Kevadra 

30257500 480500 6675000 4332447 41745447 

4 

Mesvan 

60132400 529000 8945500 9422000 79028900 

5 

Revadra 

6341000 147000 1017000 2061500 9566500 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR 

Sr.No 

Village 

Benefit type 1 Benefit type 2 

Benefit type 

2 

% sells Income % sells Income % sells Income 

1 Eklera NA 

2 Gelana NA 

3 Kevadra NA 

4 Mesvan NA 

5 Revadra NA 

Total 

income 



Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) 

Sr.No 

Village 

Total 

workforce 

Agriculture 

Animal 

husbandry 

(AH) 

Agriculture + 

AH 

Agriculture/ 

Casual 

labour 

Services 

Handicraft/ 

Business 

1 Eklera 147 86 16 14 56 ‐ 4 ‐ 

2 Gelana 

232 134 11 8 76 2 10 10 

Others 

3 Kevadra 

4 Mesvan 

5 Revadra 

850 390 36 29 358 25 40 24 

1269 708 134 106 449 14 75 13 

123 61 15 12 47 2 10 3 





Watershed Activities 

Watershed management as a strategy is been adapted by Government of India especially in the rainfed regions of semi‐arid tropics. These 

regions are characterized by low and undepependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, low literacy and high incidence 

of migration. The inheritant low fertility of crops results in lower productivity of crops which have a very low biological efficiency. 

Several studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed development. The 

common guidelines generate a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development. 

4.1. Scientific Planning: 

i) Cluster Approach 

This envisages a broader vision of Geo‐hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro‐watershed. The project consists of six 

micro‐ watersheds namely 5G1D1b1g ,5G1D1b2g, 5G1D1b2f, 5G1D1b2e, 5G1D1b2h, 5G1D1b1h as their respective codes. 

ii) Base line Survey 

a) Door to Door Survey 

The primary data was generated through questionnaire surveys in all the villages. The questionnaire was structured so as to derive the 

information related to the objectives set forth. Mostly talked to 

• Head of the families 

• Mostly females (between 65% and 70%) 



• Mostly younger adults (Age group : 25 – 44) 

• High School education 

• Sarpanch and Talati of respective Gram Panchayats. 

• Farmers, Agricultural labours, Diamond polishing workers 

• Cattle Breeders 

• Landless labour 

The questionnaire was divided into nine modules through which information is extracted pertaining to 

1. Village details 

2. Population details 

3. Water supply details 

4. Water source details within and outside the village 

5. Questions about community engagement 

6. Questions about Livelihood 

7. Awareness about Specific programme: Watershed 

8. Desire to do more activities related to occupation 

9. Productivity of farms 

The secondary data was obtained through Census reports (2001). Data pertaining to social profile is also collected through Census reports. 

Secondary data related to different kinds of capital assets were collected from different departments of Government agencies such as Revenue 



Office, Primary Health Center, District Rural development Agency initiative‐SGSY Programme office, working on poverty alleviation, Village 

Panchyat, other NGOs and development societies etc. 

b) Field to field Survey: Field to field survey was also carried out in the farms, community land, pasture land and land under Gram Panchayat. 

It also includes the soil profiles, no of wells in the area, crop taken in the field, cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of irrigation 

in the field. The details of agriculture as well as pasture lands of the village where the existing condition and structures to be proposed, were 

written down. Almost all the farmers of the village were there to support the survey team. The purpose of the survey was also to understand 

water availability, patterns of water use and peoples’ understanding & perceptions about both surface and groundwater resources in this area. 

Village agreements will be done on the basis of such detailed work. This also survey looked at the pattern of surface and groundwater use and 

the basic understanding of farmers regarding groundwater recharge and discharge. This understanding was expected to help in improved 



planning for any watershed programme and to develop longer‐term protocols of groundwater management in respective areas. 

iii) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) 

In order to understand the social, economic and political aspects of all our cluster villages, we conducted Participatory Rural Appraisal 

(PRA) exercise with the help of the village during July 2010. It was really a useful tool to appreciate the village in its totality. We had the 

opportunity to interact with more than a hundred people in each village. To reach a concrete conclusion we requested a few villagers for 

focussed discussion and it was entertained. As per their convenience we conducted focussed group discussion at the Panchayat Bhavan 



ground. In majority of the discussion, we listened to them carefully and tried to appreciate the discussion. Output generated through these 

exercise is placed below. 



(i) Resource Map: ‐ Through resource map we came to know about all the residential pattern of village, community pasture land, farm 

areas, about the river etc. It also gave us a fair idea about the pasture land, other land distribution pattern and different resources of the 

village. 

(ii) Social Map: ‐ After this exercise we came to know the approximate location of different institution of the village. During this exercise 

we also had informal discussions with the participants about the importance of these institutions. Important location pointed out during this 

exercise was Community Centre, Panchayat Bhavan, temple, Primary School etc. We cross checked all the location. 

(iii) Seasonal Diagram:‐ With this exercise we came to know about the major engagements of villagers across the twelve months of the 

year. We found that rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry keep them busy at least for seven to eight months of the year. About drinking 

water they informed that, situation in the month of March to June is really difficult. 

(iv) Crop Pattern:‐ Agriculture is the primary source of liveihood for more than 70% household . After this exercise we came to know that 

there are two major cropping pattern Kharif and partially in Rabbi. Under Kharif cotton,castor and groundnut are grown but under rabi major 

crops grown are wheat, cumin and dhanna. 

One focussed group discussion was organised to understand the status of different Self help Group operating in the village. This discussion 

concentrated around the activities of SHG, terms and conditions of membership, working pattern of different SHG and their role in the 

development of society etc 

Another curiosity in our mind was about the political institution of the village. Apart from different institution discussion was 

concentrated about gram panchayat issue. Here the major discussion point was participation of women and deprived section of the society in 

the decision making process, their representation in the panchayat. How the panchayat facilitates the process of development and poverty 

alleviation. In this process its relation with different institution of village like dispensary, Aanganwari Kendra, Primary School and High school 



was also discussed. 

The whole purpose was to identify the employment opportunities available during the different seasons in a year, income, expenditure, crisis 

management, daily activities and time allotted to each activity, the leisure time of men and women, and market network for agricultural 

produce etc. In the gender analysis, an attempt was made to find out the gendered division of labour, the status of women in relation to the 

right to use, to own and sell different household properties, the means of production of the household, and the role and participation of 

women in decision‐making at intra household and community levels. 

To identify different problems faced by villagers a separate focussed discussion was carried out. The villagers were grouped in to different 

types as shown below to know all the details of the village in a stipulated time. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Small and marginal farmers 

Large farmers 

Landless farmers 

Women 

Gram Panchayat members 

Cattle grazing population 

Business man and women 

Problems Identification 

After analysis the information collected during PRA exercise, the main problems identified as 

 

Poor fertility of soil and low agricultural productivity 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Soil Erosion from farm land 

Improper Crop Rotation 

Less use of bio‐fertilizers 

Almost negligible cultivation of arid fruits 

Less cultivation of vegetables 

Low milk production and rearing of non descript breeds 

No use of vermi compost 

Lack of value addition practices 

Drinking Water 

Less availability of fodder 

Market (No nearby) 

Migration 

Sanitation Problems 

Less Nutritional Level 

Malnutrition in few farm families 

iv) Use of GIS and Remote sensing for planning 

Remote sensing and GIS plays an important role in the study of natural resources and helps in planning water resources development. One of 

the greatest advantages of using remote sensing data for hydrological investigations and monitoring is its ability to generate information in 



spatial and temporal domain, which is very crucial for successful analysis, prediction and validation Use of various high science tools has been 

promoted at various stages of watershed development. 

a) Prioritization 

Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process. Various layer maps were created like Geo‐morphological, Soil, 

BPL Population, SC/ST population, Ground water Status, Drinking water situation Slope percent. These were all given proper weightage according 

to the DoLR specification. This helped in prioritization of various watershed areas. 

b) Planning 

A action plan matrix was been formulated by State Level Nodal Agency(SLNA) taking into account various features like the slope percent, soil 

Depth, Soil Texture, Soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agricultural land. 

Global positioning System (GPS) was used to identify each and every water conservation structures available in the project area. This will be 

used to create a map. Contour Map of vertical interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:8000 was used for identifying various location specific for soil 

and water conservation structures. 

c) Hydrological modelling 

Hydrology modelling technique was been used for locating drainage, stream length, flow direction, sink, Flow accumulation. This model 

overlaid over cadastral map hel to calculate the catchment area of each structures like the check dam etc. This has helped to remove the 

human error which generally occurring while calculating the catchment area of a check dam. 



Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects 

S. No. Scientific criteria/ inputs used 

Whether scientific criteria was 

used 

(A) Planning 

Cluster approach 

Yes 

Whether technical back‐stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the name of 

the Institute 

Baseline survey 

Yes 

Hydro‐geological survey 

Yes 

Contour mapping 

Yes 

Participatory Net Planning (PNP) 

Yes 

Remote sensing data‐especially soil/ crop/ run‐off cover 

Yes 

Ridge to Valley treatment 

Yes 

Online IT connectivity between 

(1) Project and DRDA cell/ZP Yes 

(2) DRDA and SLNA Yes 

(3) SLNA and DoLR Yes 

Availability of GIS layers 

1. Cadastral map Yes 

2. Village boundaries Yes 

3. Drainage Yes 

4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) 

5. Land use Yes 

6. Ground water status Yes 

7. Watershed boundaries Yes 

8. Activity Yes 

Crop simulation models # 

Integrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy for high 

speed soil nutrient analysis 



Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# 

Weather Station 

(B) Inputs 

1. Bio‐pesticides 

2. Organic manures Yes 

3. Vermicompost Yes 

4. Bio‐fertilizer Yes 

5. Water saving devices 

6. Mechanized tools/ implements 

7. Bio‐fencing Yes 

8. Nutrient budgeting 

9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers 

Any other (please specify) 

4.2. Institution Building i) Watershed 

Committee (WC) 

This is the general body of the residents constituted by Gram sabha of the watershed as well as farmers who own land within the watershed 

area registered under society Registration Act 1860. The Gram Sabha meetings were held in first week of July, where the watershed 

committees were formed taking in to account all caste, women representation and Gram panchayat members .Both President and Secretary of 

WC were selected after the first Watershed Committee meeting was held. The secretary will be a paid functionary of the watershed 

committee.The Watershed Committee with the help of the Watershed Development Team (WDT) shall facilitate resource‐use agreements 

among the user groups based on the principle of equity and sustainability. Capacity building training to the watershed committee will be provided 

by WDT member. The watershed committee has a pivotal during various processes like the PRA and overall planning of various points. 



Table no. 31: Watershed Committee details (Eklera) 

Date of 

Name 

Sl. 

N 

o. 

Names of 

WC 

Registrat 

ion as a 

Society 

(dd/mm 

Designation 

M 

/F 

SC ST SF MF LF 

U 

G 

SHG 

GP 

Landless 

Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 

/ yyyy) 

Rambhai shishodiya President M ‐ ‐ Y primary B,E 

Under 

progress 

Ranabhai Sisodiya Secretary M ‐ ‐ A 

Soniben shishodiya Member F ‐ ‐ Y ‐ A 

Mahipat sondarva Member M Y ‐ Y primary H 

Watershed 

Hansaben sondarva Member F Y ‐ Y primary B 

committee 

bhaya garchar Member M ‐ Y Y ‐ H 

Eklera 

Kala shishodiya Member M ‐ ‐ Y primary G 

Girdhar Karkar W D T M ‐ ‐ BRS B,E 

Praveen Chauhan Member M ‐ ‐ Y primary C,F 

Ramaben sondarva Member F Y ‐ Y Y ‐ E,D 

Sanjaybhai sondarva Member M ‐ ‐ Y primary I,G 

Dakshaben shishodiya Member F Y primary I,G 



Table no. 31.1: Watershed Committee details (Gelana) 

Sl. 

N 

o. 


WCs 

Water shed 

committee 

Gelana 


Registrat 

ion as a 

Society 

(dd/mm 

/ yyyy) 

Under 

progress 

Name 

Designation 

M/ 

F 

S 

C 

S 

F 

M 

F 

LF 

Land 

‐less 

U 

G 

SH 

G 

G 

P 

Any 

othe 

r 

Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 

Kantaben Rasiklal President F Y Y T.Y B,E 

Kirtiben Bahlodiya Secretary F Y T.Y A 

Kantaben Jinabhai Member F Y Y Primary A 

Nirmalaben naranbhai Member F Y Primary H 

Hiraben Sondarva Member F Y Y Primary B 

Nirmalaben Pravinbhai Member F Y Y Primary H 

Manishaben Dangar Member F Y Primary G 

Minaben Bharti WDT F DCE B,E 

Champaben Maganlal Member F Y Primary C,F 

Devubai Mulgar Member F Y Primary E,D 

Rasilaben Mansukhbhai Member F Y Primary I,G 



Table no. 31.2: Watershed Committee details (Kevadra) 

Sl. 

N 

o. 


WCs 

Water shed 

committee 

Kevadra 


Registra 

tion as 

a 

Society 

(dd/mm 

/ yyyy) 

Under 

progress 

Name 

Designation 

M/ 

F 

S 

C 

S 

F 

M 

F 

LF 

Land 

‐less 

U 

G 

SH 

G 

G 

P 

Any 

other 

Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 

Ratibhai Ladani President M Y Y F.Y Pass B,E 

Lalitbhai Kalola Secretary M A 

Jayeshbhai Ladani Member M Y Y Y F.Y Pass A 

Harshabehn Chudasama Member 

High 

F Y Y Y 

school 

H 

Harsuhkbhai Khaniya Member 

High 

M Y Y Y 

school 

B 

Harshaben Dedaniya Member F Y T.Y Pass H 

Narendra Kumar Detroja Member 

High 

M Y Y 

school 

G 

Girdhar Karkar W D T M ‐ ‐ BRS B,E 

Thakkersey Ladani 

Dipakbhai Manwara 

Jayshreeben Manwara 

Member 

Member 

Member 

M Y Y 

M Y Y 

F Y Y 

High 

school 

High 

school 

High 

school 

C,F 

E,D 

I,G 



Table no. 31.3: Watershed Committee details (Mesvan) 

Sl. 

N 

o. 


WCs 


Registrat 

ion as a 

Society 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

Name 

Vijaybhai Kardani 

Designation 

M/ 

F 

S 

C 

S 

F 

MF 

LF 

Land 

‐less 

UG 

SH G 

GP 

Any 

othe 

r 

Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 

President M Y B.Sc B,E 

Watershed 

committee 

Mesvan 

Under 

progress 

Ratibhai Detroja Secretary M HSC A 

Labhuben Delwadia Member F Y Y primary H 

Sarojben Kaneria Member F Y Y primary B 

Lakhabhai Sojhabhai Member 

M Y Y 

primary 

H 

Manjulaben Rodadia 

Member 

F Y 

primary 

G 

Vrajlal Mundhia 

Member 

M Y 

primary 

C,F 

Minaben Bharti 

WDT 

F 

DCE 

B,E 

Devshibhai Madhabahi 

Member 

M Y 

primary 

E,D 

Mohanbhai Kaneria 

Member 

M Y 

primary 

I,G 

Bhupatbhai Babaria 

Member 

M Y Y 

primary 

I,G 



Table no. 31.4: Watershed Committee details (Revadra) 

Sl. 

N 

o. 


WCs 

Water shed 

committee 

Revadra 


Registrat 

ion as a 

Society 

(dd/mm/ 

yyyy) 

Under 

progress 

Name 

Designation M/F SC SF MF LF 

Land 

‐less 

UG 

SH G 

GP 

Any 

othe 

r 

Educational 

qualification 

Function/s 

assigned# 

Dharmendrabhai Pithiya President M Y Y primary B,E 

Arjanbhai Pithiya Secretary M A 

Ranmanbhai Kachot Member M Y primary A 

Rajiben Karangiya 

Member F Y Y 

primary 

H 

Babubhai Gohel Member M Y primary B 

Urmilaben Gondaliya Member F Y Y primary H 

Alpaben Chavda Member F Y Y primary G 

Kaushik Dhorajiya WDT M ITI B,E 

Vejanandbhai vadhia Member M Y T.Y C,F 

Maldevbhai Pithiya Member M Y T.Y E,D 

Kana Naran Karmata Member M Y primary I,G 

Kanabhai Bheda Member M Y primary I,G 

# Functions Assigned, as below 

A. PNP and PRA B. Planning 

C. Maintenance of Accounts D. Signing of cheques and making payments 

E. Supervision of construction activities F. Cost Estimation 

G. Verification & Measurement H. Record of labour employed 

I. Social Audit J. Any other (please specify). 



4.2.1 Self Help Group 

We believe that the full potential of our watershed work can only be raised if it is supplemented by a microfinance programme. This is 

essential if we are to ensure long‐term livelihood security to the poor. We are also convinced that no microfinance programme can be 

successful until it is tied up with livelihood programmes such as agriculture, dairying, marketing and enterprise development etc. Thus 

microfinance and livelihood programmes are complementary to each other and their simultaneous implementation is the key to poverty 

alleviation. Incomes raised through livelihood initiatives need to be saved. Of these women are the best custodians. Self Help Group are 

motivated, Small homogenous group organized together through highly successful of credit and thrift activities. These savings must be 

reinvested in livelihood options that in turn raise incomes, setting up various cycles. Generally self help group includes landless and marginal 

sized farm women, BPL household, SC/ST women. 

Before formation of the SHG's, discussions were held with the women of the village during PRA activities and FGD's. The participants came 

out with their problems very well. 

Table no. 32: SHG detail 

Sr. No. 

With 

only 

Men 

Total no. of registered SHGs 

With only 

Women 

With 

both 

1 12 9 3 24 

No. of members 

No. of SC/ST in each 

category 

No. of BPL in each 

category 

Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i) Landless 80 56 136 0 2 2 17 10 27 

(ii) SF 10 14 24 

(iii) MF 8 2 10 

(iv) LF 7 0 7 

Total 12 9 3 24 105 72 177 0 2 2 17 10 27 



4.2.2 User Group: 

These are homogeneous groups of persons having landholding within the watershed area. They are normally formed to manage an activity 

or asset on a long term basis. The user group collects user charges from their members. Some of the points which were considered while 

forming a user group were: 

1) In case of a check dam all the beneficiaries of the individual check dam were involved as user group members. 

2) In case of Fodder bank all the individual beneficiaries of animal husbandry are considered as potential members. 

3) Paper dish making user groups,Papad making user groups….. 

4) Membership was on voluntary and democratic. 

Focused group discussion was conducted to between the user groups to discuss the above conditions and to select potential members. It was 

advocated that each group to formulate certain internal rules and have a feeling of ownership with community spirit. 

Table No. 33.1: The following types of groups were planned to be formed 

S. No Name of User Group Major Task 

1 Fuel and fodder Group Development of Pasture land 

2 Animal Husbandry Group Bringing of new AH technology 

Management of New Cattle and their improvement 

3 Farm pond/Percolation tank user Group Equitable sharing of resources 

4 Farm bund and Check Dam Group Equitable sharing of resources 

5 Fodder bank Group Ensure fodder security in village 

Development of community land for fodder development 

Timely supply of enriched fodder at a affordable price. 

6 Nursery Group Maintenance of nursery plot 

Ensure Timely supply of seedling for afforestation. 

7 Micro‐enterprise developing group Ensuring livelihood opportunities, reducing distress migration 


Table no. 33.2: UG detail 

Sr. No, Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each 

category 

Total 4 

9 


No. of BPL in each 

category 

Men Women Both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

4 9 3 16 [i] Landless 50 2 52 23 1 24 7 0 7 

(ii) SF 18 0 18 

(iii) MF 3 15 18 

(iv) LF 

1 

7 10 17 

9 3 16 78 27 105 23 1 24 7 0 7 

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP‐3 

4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA) 

EPA activities are certain important works which are in urgent demand of the local community. This helps in establishment of credibility of 

watershed Development Team (WDT). It also acts as a rapport building activity of the village community. A group Discussion was conducted 

with watershed Development Committee regarding the EPA activity, it was conveyed to the amount of Rs. 23.93 lakh in five cluster village of 

keshod cluster was allotted for EPA activity, which was 4 per cent of total allocated budget. The villagers discussed various activities which 

they felt is important but after a brief discussion it was conveyed to them that only those activities can taken, which revive the common 

natural resources. It was also taken into priority that there should be a instrument of convergence which will result in sustainability of 

activities. 





Table No. 34.1: Some of the major activities proposed in Kevdra are: 

Name of Villages Details of activity Amount earmarked 

for EPA 

Estimated Cost 

( In lakhs) 

Plantation 7.96 Lakhs 1.00 

Checkdam Repairing (4 nos) 3.40 

Rever Osomosis Plant (2 nos) 0.30 

Construction Of New Animal Water Trough (1 nos) 1.30 

Kevdra 

Renovation Of Animal Water Trough (1 nos) 0.30 

Bank Wall Of Community Well (1 nos) 0.40 

Fencing In Cemetery (1 nos) 0.30 

Waste Water Collection Pits (2 nos) 0.60 

Table No. 34.2: Some of the major activities proposed in Revdra are: 

Library Books For School (1 nos) 0.35 

Total 7.95 

Name of Villages Details of activity Amount earmarked for 

EPA 


( In lakhs) 

Revdra 

Drinking Water Facility In School (1 nos) 

1.51 Lakhs 

Repairing Of Cemetery Shed And Fencing In Cemetery 

(1nos) 0.70 

Books For School Library (1 nos) 

0.30 

Total 1.50 

0.50 



Table No. 34.3: Some of the major activities proposed in Gelana are: 


for EPA 


( In lakhs) 

Bathing Provision In Cemetery (1 nos) 2.23 Lakhs 1.00 

Gelana 

Drinking Water Facility In School (1 nos) 0.20 

Repairing Of Animal Water Trough (1 nos) 0.30 

New Death Bed and Fencing in Cemetery (1 nos) 0.80 

Total 2.30 

Table No. 34.4: Some of the major activities proposed in Aklera are: 


for EPA 


( In lakhs) 

Drinking Water Facility In School And R.O.Plant (1 nos) 1.66 Lakhs 0.50 

Aklera 

Bank Wall Of Community Well (1 nos) 0.40 

Books For School Library (1 nos) 0.30 

New Death Bed And Fencing In Cemetery (1 nos) 0.50 

Total 1.70 



Table No. 34.5: Some of the major activities proposed in Mesvan are: 


for EPA 

Estimated Cost ( In 

lakhs) 

Repairing Of Over Head Tank (1 nos) 10.53 Lakhs 0.50 

Renovation Of Animal Water Trough (3 nos) 1.50 

Checkdam Repairing (3 nos) 1.50 

Reverse Osmosis Plant (2 nos) 0.30 

Plantation (2 ha) 1.20 

Mesvan 

Fancing In Aganvadi (5 nos) 1.70 

Plantation & Bathing Provision In Cemetery (1 nos) 0.70 

Renovation Of Community Drinking Well (1 nos) 0.60 

Protection Wall (1 nos) 1.20 

Library Books For School (1 nos) 0.30 

Drinking Water Facility In School (1 nos) 0.50 

Waste Water Collection Pits (2 nos) 0.60 

Total 10.60 



4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: 

Watershed development works is to be done during implementation phase of watershed. Treatments begin from the highest point of the watershed 

and move progressively downwards (ridge to valley), starting with the smallest stream and culminating in the main river of the watershed. Work is 

location‐specific, varying according to slope and geology as also the size of the stream being treated. The aim is to weave interventions into the 

contours of nature, not to seek mastery over it. A net budget of 50 percent is allotted for this work. 

Ridge Area Treatment Plans : 

In a watershed, the slopes falling from the ridge to the beginning of the plains are called ridge area. It is very important to treat the higher reaches 

of the ridge has this is where the major water resources originate. This involves mainly highly and forest region in the watershed. Various 

watershed managing structures should be build to arrest the erosion and degradation of forest with grasses in upper ridges. 

1. Check dam 

2. check dam cum cause‐way 

3. pakka plug, 4 percolation well 

CONSTRUCTION OF CHECK DAM 

1.0 INTRODUCTION :‐ 

The IWMP scheme consist of a new check dam across river stream local near village gelana of keshod clusters in JUNAGADH District. 

2.0 HISTORY OF THIS SCHEME :‐ 

The preliminary site investigation were carried out in th month of JUNE‐2010 and the survey work for the proposed site was carried out in the 

month july‐2010.During investigation it was found that the flow in river being in‐adequate for carrying the water by canal system it was not 

possible to construct a weir or storage scheme and check dam is proposed. 



3.0 LOCATION AND SELECTION OF SITE :‐ 

The proposed site situated near village GELANA. At the proposed site the river is having 20.00 meters horizontal and 2.00 meters vertical 

banks. The site is suitable for check dam as it is having sufficient No. of wells to be benefited if the check dam is constructed the stream bed 

comprises of Hard murram is met at the depth of 1.00 meters from lowest bed level and the banks comprises of soil, S.R. & H.R. Strata. It is 

assumed that the wells coming within periphery of half mile from check dam site will be benefited the high flood water not reaming within the 

banks before construction hence there is over flanking of water but not damaging any surrounding, If, check dam is constructed across the 

stream and the flood water over flow but will no damage, surrounding and hence provision for land acquisition is not made in the detailed 

estimate, and A.H.F.L. 

4.0 HYDROLOGICAL DATA :‐ 

The catchments area at the proposed site is 0.80 Sq.Km. as shown in the index plan. The monsoon flow remaining up to December Month 

every year during normal monsoon. The maximum flood discharge is calculated it comes to 228.72 success by S.P.F. formul 



SALIENT FEATURES 

1. Name of River : Local River 

2. Catchment area 0.80 Sq.Km. 

3. Discharge 5280 cusecs. 

4. Length of check dam 21.00 meters 

5. F.S.L. R.L. 99.03 meters 

6. Bed Level R.L. 97.52 meters 

7. Foundation of body R.L. 95.72 meters 

8. Top width of body : 1.00 meters 

9. Bottom width of body 2.00 meters 

10. Apron width 2.00 meters 

11. Top apron R.L. 97.83 meters 

12. Foundation of apron R.L. 97.55 meters 

13. L/s. key wall 1.50 meters 

14. R/s. key wall 1.50 meters 

15. Benefits Rising of water table of wall 

coming ½ mile radis. 

coming ½ mile radis. 

16. Irrigation 96 Hect. 

17. Estimated quantity Estimated quantity : 



DISCHARGE CALCULATION 

(Stand Project Flood) 

Discharge as per S.P.F. = Q = 29.402 (C.A.) 0.9232 

Where C.A. = Catchment area = 0.80 Km 2 

Q = 29.0402 (7.32) 0.9232 

= 228.72 cumecs. 

Discharge as per managing formula 

Let as assume H.F.L. at site is equal to bank level R.L. meters. 

CH. AGL. HFL. F. MD. DIST. AREA 

00 99.03 99.03 0.00 0.00 ‐ ‐ 

2 98.38 99.03 0.65 0.325 1 0.325 

5 97.94 99.03 1.09 0.218 3 0.596 

8 97.83 99.03 1.20 1.14 3 2.28 

10 99.03 99.03 0.00 0.60 2 1.20 

12 99.20 99.03 0.00 0.00 0 ‐ 

9 M 4.40 M 2 



Area = 4.48 M 2 = 47.33 Ft 2 

Perimeter = 12 M. 

Hydraulic mean depth 

A 4.40 

R 0.36M 

P 12 

velocity according to Mannigs formula = V 1 12 S ½ 

Where N = co‐eff. of Rughecity 

= 0.03 

R = Hydraulic Mean Depth 

= 0.36 

S = Bed Slop 

I = 0.06 

V = 1.47 M/sec. 

Discharge Q = A x V 

= 4.40 x 1.47 

= 6.48 Cum / Sec. 

= 6.48 x 35.31 

= 228.72cusecs. 

N 



Due to over flanking of river banks the H.F.L., A.H.F.L. can’t determine and hence calculation regarding A.H.F.L. scour depth, 

Hydraulic jump, apron, stability at A.H.F.L. are not calculated and provide check dam with following features. 

1. Length : 21.0 M. 

2. F.S.L. : R.L.99.03 M. 

3. Foundation of body : R.L.95.63 

4. Apron : 4.00 M 

5. Apron top : R.L.97.83 M 

6. Apron flood : R.L.98.25 



CALCULATION FOR SCOUR DEPTH 

Maximum flood discharge = 228.72 cusecs. 

Length of check dam = 21.00 M 

Discharge per feet run = D = Q = 228.72 = 7.74 

L 29.52 

Scour depth R = 0.9 (d) = 0.9 (7.74) 

= 0.9 x 4.55 feet 

= 4.10 feet 

= 11.23 M. 

Hence foundation R.L. = A.H.F.L. ‐ 1.25 R 

4.50 = 100.83 ‐ 1.25 (1.23) 

= 99.29M 



CALCULATION FOR HYDRAULIC JUMP AND APRON 

Flood discharge = 228.72 cusecs. 

Length of check dam = 21.00 M 

Discharge per feet run = D = Q = 228.72 = 7.74 

L 29.52 

Difference of head = A.H.F.L. ‐ Bed level 

= 100.83 ‐ 97.83 

= 3.00 M 

= 9.84 feet 

Now Velocity = V1 = 0.90 2 gh 

= 0.90 2 x 32.20 x 9.84 

= 22.65 feet / sec 

Now d 1 = Q 1 = 9.96 = 0.44 feet 

U 1 22.65 

& d 2 = (d 1 ) 2 + 4(d 1 ) 2 (d 1 ) 2 ‐ d 1 

2 2 gd 1 2 

d 2 = (0.44) 2 + 4(0.44) 2 (22.65) 2 

2 2 x 32.20 x 0.44 

d 2 = 3.54 feet. 



Now Found Number f = V1 ‐ 22.65 

gd1 32.20 x 0.44 

= 6.02 > 1 O.K. 

Which is grater thane one. 

Hence hydraulic jump will occur. 

Now thickness of apron = t = d 2 ‐ d 1 x w 

2 w 2 ‐w 1 

Where w 1 = wt. of water = 1.00 t1m 3 

w 2 = wt. of masonary = 2.40 t1m 3 

t = 3.54 – 0.44 x 1.00 

2 = 1.10 feet 

LENGTH OF APRON 

L = 5 (d 2 ‐ d 1 ) 

L = 5 (3.54 – 0.44) 

= 15.50 feet = 4.72 M 



as site condition provided 4.00 M apron width. 

1.NAME OF RIVER /VOKALA :‐ LOCAL VOKALA 

2.LENGTH OF CHECKDAM :‐ 21.00 MT. 

3.CREST LEVEL R.L. :‐ 99.00 MT. 

4.H.F.L. :‐ 101.00 MT. 

5.HEIGHT ABOVE G. L. :‐ 2.20 MT. 

6.TOP WIDTH :‐ 1.47 MT. 

7.BOTTAM WIDTH :‐ 2.35 MT. 

8.SLOPE :‐ 1:01 

9.CATCHMENT AREA :‐ 0.80.00 SQ.KM 

Percolation well : 

it is the structure made in water way of river, vokala or in small stream for harvest the surface run‐off water and increase ground 

water table and its technical details are under: 

1 increase ground water table 

2 reduce soil erosion 

3 Creating a hydraulic head locally which enhances infiltration of surface runoff into the groundwater system 



ITEM NO.:‐ 1 

PERCOLATION WELL EXACAVATION & DEWATERING 

Excavation for Well including removing And spreading the excavated stuffs directed with 

lead up to 90m. 

(1) in all soils including hard murrum 

(2) in soft rock 

(3) in hard rock with blasting and chiseling or by shiseling only for finishing. 

S.O.R. Page. 102 

NO. SOIL ITEM QTY RATE PER AMOUNT 

1 MURRUM 0.0M to 1.5M DEPTH 14.42 46.00 CUM. 663.32 

2 H.ROCK 1.5M to 3.0M DEPTH 14.42 272.00 CUM. 3922.24 









TOTAL Rs 50816.08 

ADD 2% CONTI. Rs 1016.32 

TOTAL Rs 51832.40 

SAY Rs 52000.00 


S. 

No. 

Table no.35: Details of activities of preparatory phase (All financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Name of villages 

Initiation of village 

level institution 

Capacity 

building 

IEC activities 

Baseline 

survey 


Hydro‐geological 

survey 

Identifying 

technical support 

agencies 

Printing DPR 

and Mapping 


(Rs. in lakh) 

1 Eklera 0.30 2.08 0.80 0.20 0.22 0.32 0.24 4.16 

2 Gelana 0.35 2.78 1.10 0.32 0.29 0.35 0.26 5.45 

3 Kevadra 0.80 11.95 2.05 0.70 0.42 0.80 0.68 17.50 

4 Mesvan 0.87 13.16 3.90 0.87 0.56 1.17 0.77 21.30 

5 Revadra 0.25 1.89 1.00 0.10 0.20 0.17 0.15 3.76 

Table no.36.1: Activities related to Surface water resources in Kevdra (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Sr. No. 

1 

Village 

name 

Type of 

structures Augmentation/ repair of existing 

Proposed target 

Construction of new structures 

Total target 

structures 

No. Area to Storage Estimated No. Area to Storage Estimated Area to Storage Estimated 

be capacity cost 

be capacity cost be capacity cost 

irrigated (Cumec) (Lac) 

irrigated 

irrigated 

(ha) 

(ha) 

(ha) 

Farm Pond 0 0 0 0 20 9 14040 5.75 9 14040 5.75 

Expected 

month & 

year of 

completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

2 Village 3 10 14296 5.94 2 9 10788 4.38 19 25084 10.32 

Pond 

3 Check dam 2 8 6400 2.1 4 17 12800 11.92 25 19200 14.02 

KEVADRA 

4 pakka plug 0 0 0 0.00 15 12 18800 9.1 12 18800 9.10 

5 Causeway 0 0 0 0.00 3 17 12200 8.96 17 12200 8.96 

cum check 

dam 

Total 5 18 20696 8.04 44 47 56428 31.15 65 77124 48.15 


Table no.36.2: Activities related to Surface water resources in Revdra (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 



Sr. 

No. 

Village 

name 

Type of structures 

No. 

Augmentation/ repair of existing 

structures 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

(Cumec) 

Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 

No. 

Construction of new structures 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Total target 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

1 

Revdra 

(i) Farm Pond 0 0 0 0 9 5 6318 2.59 5 6318 2.59 

(ii)village Pond 1 4 5395 1.50 1 4 5394 2.10 8 10789 3.60 

(ii)Percolation 

Well 

0 0 0 0.00 4 2 1600 2.40 4 1600 2.40 

(iii) Check dam 1 4 3200 0.80 2 10 6400 5.96 14 9600 6.76 

pakka plug 0 0 0 0.00 4 5 7520 2.10 4 7520 2.10 

iv)Causeway cum 

check dam 

0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 

Total 

2 8 8595 2.30 20 26 27232 15.15 36 35827 17.45 


Table no.36.3: Activities related to Surface water resources in Gelana(all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 



S. No. 

Village 

name 


structures 

Augmentation/ repair of existing structures Construction of new structures Total target 

No. 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

(Cumec) 

Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 

No. 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

1 

Gelana 

(i) Farm Pond 0 0 0 0 10 5 7020 2.88 5 7020 2.88 

(ii)village Pond 0 0 0 0 2 9 10788 4.38 9 10788 4.38 

(iii) Check dam 1 3 3100 1.00 1 5 3200 2.30 5 6300 3.30 

pakka plug 0 0 0 0.00 4 6 7200 2.00 6 7200 2.00 

iv)Causeway 

cum check dam 0 0 0 0.00 3 13 10500 7.80 13 10500 7.80 

Total 1 3 3100 1.00 20 38 21208 19.36 41 24308 20.36 

Table no.36.4: Activities related to Surface water resources in Eklera (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 


S. No. Village name 


structures 

Augmentation/ repair of existing structures Construction of new structures Total target 

No. 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

(Cumec) 

Estimated 

cost 

(Lac) 

No. 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

1 Eklera 

(i) Farm Pond 0 0 0 0 5 3 3510 1.44 3 3510 1.44 


(iii) Check dam 2 10 6400 5.96 10 6400 5.96 

iv)Causeway 

cum check dam 1 4 3200 1.20 3 13 10500 7.80 17 13700 9.00 

Total 1 4 3200 1.20 11 30 25800 17.30 34 29004 18.50 


Table no.36.5: Activities related to Surface water resources in Mesvan(all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 



Augmentation/ repair of existing structures Construction of new structures Total Target 

S. No. Village name Type of structures 

No. 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

No. 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

Area to 

be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated 

cost 

(Cumec) 

(Lac) 

1 

Mesvan 

(i) Farm Pond 0 0 0 0 35 17 24570 10.07 17 24570 10.07 


(iii) Check dam 1 5 3200 2.80 5 21 16000 14.90 26 19200 17.70 

pakka plug 0 0 0 0.00 12 18 15200 7.30 18 15200 7.30 

iv)Causeway cum 

check dam 0 0 0 0.00 8 33 25200 21.30 33 25200 21.30 

Total 5 17 18500 10.60 56 68 80070 45.07 85 98570 55.67 



Table no.37: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Sr. 


Type of structures 


No. 

Villages 

Augmentation/ repair of existing 

recharging structures 

No. Area to be Estimated 

irrigated cost 

(ha) 

Construction of new recharging 

structures 

No. Area to be Estimated 

irrigated cost 

(ha) 

Area to be 

irrigated 

(ha) 

Total Target 

Estimated 

cost 

1 Kevdra Open wells 0 0 0 49 24 4.90 24 4.90 

2 Mesvan (i)Open wells 0 0 0 133 63 12.90 43 12.90 

3 Revdra (i)Open wells 22 11 2.1 11 2.10 

4 Eklera (i)Open wells 15 7 1.2 7 1.20 

Total for the 

Project 0 0 0 199 85 21.10 85 21.10 



Table no. 38.: Activities related to livelihoods/ Micro‐enterprise by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas 

Sr. No. 


Villages 

1 Eklera 

2 Gelana 

3 Kevadra 

Major activities of the SHGs 

Name of activity 

No. of SHGs involved 

Average annual income from activity 

per SHG(In Rs. Approx) 

Vermi composting 2 50000 

Horticulture Plantation 1 30000 

Charkha Udyog 2 720000 

Mandap Service 1 25000 

Detergent Powder 1 60000 


Papad making unit 1 60000 

Horticulture 2 30000 

Lemon Plantation 1 75000 

Livestock(Buffalo) 1 20000 

Carpentry 1 50000 

Buffalo Farming 2 160000 

Paper dish bowl making 1 70000 

Groundnut Grading Unit 1 30000 

Food Processing Unit 1 70000 

Carpetry 1 40000 



Bakery 1 150000 

Papad Making unit 1 110000 

Paper dish bowl making 1 70000 

Dal making unit 1 170000 

4 Mesvan 

5 Revadra 


Amla/Chiku plantation 2 100000 

Wafer making unit 2 250000 

Incense stick Making Unit 1 50000 

Flour Mill 1 50000 


Wheat Sev Machine 1 70000 

Livestock(Buffalo) 1 25000 

Fodder Unit 1 250000 

Bend Party 1 20000 



Table no. 39: Other activities of watershed works phase – Proposed target 

Nonconventional 

Estimated 

Total 

Name of Ridge area Drainage line Nursery Land 

Crop Pasture 

Any other 

Sr. No. villages treatment treatment raising development demonstrations development 

Well Recharge 

energy 

cost (Rs. In 

(no) (lakh) (no) (lakh) (no) (lakh) (no) (lakh) (ha) (lakh) (no) (lakh) (no) (lakh) lakhs) 

1 Kevadra 54 32.08 968 48.71 5 7.06 24 4.90 92.75 

2 Revadra 18 8.86 210 11.74 1 0.40 11 2.10 23.04 

3 Gelana 24 13.10 384 16.76 1 1.2 0 0.00 31.06 

4 Eklara 27 14.96 180 9.07 1 0.40 7 1.20 25.63 

5 Mesvan 77 46.30 1960 54.22 12 18.30 43 12.90 131.72 



Table no. 40.1: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Kevdra 

Type of treatment 

Type of land 

Executing 

agency 

Target 

S. 

No. 


structures 

(i) Ridge 

area (R) 

(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 

(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

No. of 

units 

(No./ 

cu.m./ 

rmt) 

Estimated cost (Rs. in 

lakh) 

(iii) WC M W O T 

1 Waste weir R D L P UG/WC 101 10.96 

2 Farm bunding L P UG/WC 27306 11.12 

3 land levelling L P UG/WC 80 8.45 

4 farm fencing L P UG/WC 648 2.11 

5 Afforestation L C WC 5 7.06 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

Total 39.70 



Table no. 40.2: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Revdra 

S. No. 

Revdra 


structures 

(i) Ridge 

area (R) 


(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(iii) 

Land 

dev 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 


units 

(No./ 

cu.m./ 

rmt) 

Target 


lakh) 

(D) 

(ii)SHG 


Waste weir R L P UG/WC 18 nos 1.82 

Farm bunding D L P UG/WC 8183 mt 3.75 

Afforestation L C UG/WC 1 0.40 

Gram Vatika L C UG/WC 0.4 1.20 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

Total: 7.17 



Table no. 40.3: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Gelana 

S. No. 

Gelana 


structures 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 


(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(iii) 

Land 

dev 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 


units 

(No./ 

cu.m./ 

rmt) 

Target 


lakh) 

(D) 

(ii)SHG 


Waste weir R D L P UG/WC 4 nos 0.60 

Farm bunding L P UG/WC 22000mt 8.9 

Afforestation L C 1 1.2 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

Total: 10.70 



Table no. 40.4: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Eklera 



Executing 

agency 

Target 

S. No. 

Eklera 


structures 

(i) Ridge 

area (R) 

(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(iii) 

Land 

dev 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 

(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

(i) UG 


units 

(No./ 

cu.m./ 

rmt) 


lakh) 

(D) 

(ii)SHG 


Waste weir D L P UG/WC 20 1.91 

Farm 

L P UG/WC 7996 3.62 

bunding 

Afforestation L P C UG/WC 1 0.40 

Total: 5.93 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 



Table no. 40.5: Details of engineering structures in watershed works: Mesvan 



Executing 

agency 

Target 

S. 

No. 


structures 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 

(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev (L) 

(i) 

Private 

(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

(i) UG 


units 

(No./ 

cu.m./ 

rmt) 


lakh) 

(ii)SHG 


1 Waste weir R L P UG/WC 37 nos 6.86 

2 Farm bunding L P UG/WC 

25000 

mt 10.25 

3 land leveling L P UG/WC 120 12.10 

4 farm fencing L P 2000 5.30 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

5 

Afforestation R L C UG/WC 12 18.30 

Total: 52.81 

Plains or Flat level: 

Farm bunds are constructed on agricultural land with the aim of arresting soil erosion and improving the soil moisture profile. Ideally, 

bunds on farms should be made on the contour line. But this creates several problems for farmers. Contour bunds divide the field into 

irregular sections. In such a situation, it becomes inconvenient to maneuver bullocks for operations such as ploughing and line‐sowing. 

Due to these difficulties, what is normally practiced in the name of farm bunding is bunding along the field boundaries. 



Table No 40.6: Technical Details/Estimates of Farm Bund 

Estimate of cost : Farm Bunding 

Particulars Value Unit 

Top width 0.6 Mt 

U/S Slope 1: 1 

D/S Slope 1: 1 

Max. height 0.75 Mt 

Bottom Width 2.1 Mt. 

Area of cross section of Farm Bund 1.0125 Sq mt 

Qty. of earthwork of Farm bund /Meter 1.0125 Cumec 

Rate /cumec 41.00 Rs. 

Total cost of Farmbund per mt. 41.41 RS 

Total Length of farm bunding Mt 

Cost of Farm bunding Rs 





Farm Pond : 

There is very little qualitative difference between a pond/ tank, which usually serves the population of a village, and farm pond, which serves 

an individual agricultural field. Farms ponds greatly vary in size depending upon the rainfall. These have only a few metres of length and width 

and are built across the flow path of natural drainage channels. Surplus water from one pond spills over to a lower pond. In some cases a series 

of farm ponds are built on one single stream. Each pond caters to the irrigation needs of one farm and also augments ground water recharge. 

Percolation Dam: Percolation dams are constructed for recharging groundwater. Such structures are usually made on the upper part of the 

catchment area. Water stored here percolates to wells and tubewells located in the lower part of the catchment. Such dams can also be made 

in the immediate upstream portion of wells and tubewells. Depending on the capacity of the dam and duration of water storage, the dam can 

have secondary benefits (such as pisciculture) that are vital for the livelihood security of marginal farmers and landless labourers. 

Table No 40.7 Technical Details of Farm Pond 

Particulars Value Unit 

Pond Length 30.00 Mt. 

Pond Width 20 Mt. 

Pond Depth 1.5 Mt. 

Side Slope 2 : 1 

Pond Top Area 600 Sq. mt 

Pond bottom area 366 Sq mt. 

Quantity 702 Cum 

Cost/cum in soft soil 41 Rs 

Total cost 28782 Rs 


Table no 40.8. Technical details of Percolation Tank or village pond 

Particulars 


Structure Length 900.00 Mt. 

Structure Height 2.00 Mt. 

Upstream Slope 2 :1 

Downstream Slope 1 :1 

Bund Top Width 2.00 Mt. 

Structure Base Width 8.00 Mt. 

Structure Cross Section 10.00 SqMt. 

Value 

Drainage line Treatment and water harvesting: 

The second tier treatment is the slope treatment. This is generally agricultural land or waste lands. These are generally water conservation or 

surface water storage structures. These being highly labour intensive will involve more of manual labour so schemes like National Rural 

Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) can be taken. Following structures has been proposed in the project villages. 

1. Percolation tank/ Pond 

2. Waste Weir 

3. A fforestation 

b). Percolation Tank: Percolation dams are constructed for recharging groundwater. Such structures are usually made on the upper part of the 

catchment area. Water stored here percolates to wells and tube wells located in the lower part of the catchment. Such dams can also be made 

in the immediate upstream portion of wells and tube wells. Depending on the capacity of the dam and duration of water storage, the dam can 

have secondary benefits (such as pisciculture) that are vital for the livelihood security of marginal farmers and landless labourers. 


Afforstation: 

Table no.41.1: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Kevdra 




Executing 

agency 

Target 

Sr. 

No. 

Name 


village 


structure/ work 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 

(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 

(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Other 

s (pl. 

specif 

y) 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

1 Kevdra Afforestation L C SHG/UG/ 

Area 

(ha) 


plants 

Estimated 

cost 

5 4560 7.06 

other 

2 Floriculture L P C SHG/UG 0.4 3360 1.00 

3 Agroforestry+Tree 

guard 

L P C SHG/UG/ 

other 

10000 11.90 

4 Neem Tree 

Amla 

Plantation 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

L P C SHG/UG 3 8000 1.00 

5 Kitchen Garden L P SHG/UG/ 

1.50 

other 

6 Horticulture 

Plantation 

R * L SHG/UG 2 2 0.90 

Total 23.36 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/ yyyy) 


Table no.41.2: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works : Revdra 


Sr. 

No. 

Name 


village 


structure/ 

work 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 


(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

(iii) Others (pl. 

specify) 

Area 

(ha) 


plants 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 

1 

Afforestation L C SHG/UG/other 1 3560 0.40 

2 

Kitchen 

Revdra Garden L P SHG 1 45 0.45 

3 Fodder Unit C SHG/UG/other 9 1.20 

4 Horticulture R L SHG/UG 1 1.00 

Total: 3.05 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/ yyyy) 


Table no.41.3: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works : Gelana 


Sr. 

No. 

1 

2 

Name 


village 


structure/ 

work 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 


(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

Area 

(ha) 


plants 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 


specify) 


Plantation in 

Cementry 

R L C _ 0.4 300 0.30 

3 

Kitchen 

Gelana Garden 

L P SHG 1 0.85 

4 Horticulture L P SHG/UG 1 2000 0.40 

5 Floricluture L C SHG/UG/other 1 60000 0.60 

6 Lemon Plot L P C SHG/UG/other 1 800 0.60 

7 Nursery R L P C SHG/UG 1 10000 1.00 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Total: 4.95 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/ yyyy) 


Table no.41.4: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Eklera 


Sr. 

No. 

Name 


village 


structure/ work 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 


(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 


specify) 

Area 

(ha) 


plants 

Target 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/ yyyy) 

1 


2 kitchen garden L P SHG/UG 1 40 0.40 

3 

4 

Eklera 

Agroforestry+Tree 

Guard (Alovera) 

Scienitific 

Approch For 

Agro 

Provuctyvity 

D L P C SHG/UG/other 1 9000 0.90 

L p C SHG/UG/other 1 1000 1.00 

Total: 2.70 


Table no.41.5: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Mesvan 




Executing 

agency 

Target 

S. No. 

Name 


village 


structure/ 

work 

(i) 

Ridge 

area 

(R) 

(ii) 

Drainage 

line 

(D) 

(iii) 

Land 

dev. 

(L) 

(i) 

Private 

(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

Area 

(ha) 


plants 

Estimated 

cost 


specify) 

1 


Scienitific 

Approch For 

Agro 

L C SHG/UG 1 200 2.00 

2 

Productivity 

3 kitchen garden P SHG 300 1.95 

4 

Mesvan 

Plantation of 

Alovera 

(Rs. in 

lakh) 

L C SHG/UG 2 11000 2.00 


L P C SHG/UG/other 12355 13.20 

5 

guard 

6 Horticulture L P C SHG/UG/other 1 3.25 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/ 

yyyy) 

7 

Plantation 

(Chikoo/Amala) 

L C SHG/UG 2 10000 2.00 

Total: 42.70 



Table No, 41.6 Technical Details of Afforestation Activities 

Particulars 

Value 

Crop Name Ailanthus 

Plant To Plant Spacing 8.00 mt 

Row to Row Spacing 8.00 mt 

Pit Length 1.00 mt 

Pit Width 1.00 mt 

Pit Depth 1.00 mt 

No. of Plants 156 Nos. 

Plantation Area 10.00 Ha. 

No. of Plants for ha 1,560 Nos. 

Gap Filling 20 % 

Table No, 41.7, Cost Estimation for afforestation activity 

S. No. Description No. Lengt 

h(m.) 

Width 

(m.) 

Depth 

(m.) 

Unit Quantity Rate Amount 

1 Digging of pits for plants in Ordinary murum 1,560 1 1 1 Cum 1,560.00 10 15600 

2 Plants saplings for plantation in Govt. pasture area, sapling 

not less than 30 cm. height 

1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 10 15600 

3 Transportation of plants from nursery to camp site upto 5Km 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

4 Loading and unloading of plants 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

5 Rehandling of plants from camp site to actual planting site 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

upto 20Omt. 

6 Cost of fertiliser & insecticides incl. application 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 10 15600 

7 Weeding and Hoeing two times (Twice in year] 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 2 3120 

Total 54600 



Table no.42: Details of allied / other activities 

Table 42.1:Details of allied /other activities ‐ MESVAN 

Sr. No. 


Village 

Mesvan 


(i) Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

(iii) WC 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in lakh) 

Livelihood Intervention 

Horticulture Plantation 

Private Community 

UG/SHG/WC 3.25 

Veterinary Camp 

Community 

UG/SHG/WC 1.60 

Kitchen Garden Kit 

Private 

SHG 

1.95 

Drip Irrigation Demostration Community UG/SHG 0.90 

Scienitific Approch For Agro Productivity Community UG/SHG 2.00 

Roof Water Harvesting Private UG/SHG/WC 3.00 

Drip Kits Private UG/SHG 1.00 

Veterinary kits Private UG/SHG 1.00 

Vermi Composting Community UG/SHG 2.00 

Animal Husbandary Private UG/SHG 3.00 

Masala Making Private UG/SHG 1.75 

Stationary Shop Private UG/SHG 1.50 

Vegetable Shop Private UG/SHG 1.00 

Jam, Tutti‐fruti, Pickle Making Private UG/SHG 2.35 

Total 26.30 

Target 

Expected 

month & 


completion 

(mm/yyyy) 



Production Systems and Micro‐enterprise Development 

Bakery Unit Community UG/SHG 3.50 

Papad Making Unit Community UG/SHG 1.25 

Paper Dish‐bowl Making Unit Community SHG 1.25 

Dal Making Unit Community SHG 2.00 

Incense Stick Making Private Community SHG 0.90 

SHG Revolving Fund Community SHG 1.50 

Mesvan 

Biogas Unit Community UG 9.80 

Plantation of Alovera (1ha) 

Community UG/SHG 

2.00 

Handi Craft Private UG/SHG 1.00 

Flour Mill Private UG/SHG 2.10 

Mandap Service Private UG/SHG 2.00 

Plantation (Chikoo/Amala) Community UG/SHG 2.00 

Waffers Making Unit Private UG/SHG 3.90 

Livestock (Baffalo) 

Private SHG 1.00 

Total 34.20 



Table 42.2 :Details of allied /other activities ‐ KEVADRA 

Sr. No. 

Name 


Village 

Executing 


agency 

Estimated 

(i) UG 


cost 

(i) (ii) (iii) Others 

(Rs. in 

Private Community (pl. specify) (ii)SHG 

lakh) 

(iii) WC 


Bakery unit Community UG/SHG 3.00 

Target 

Expected month 

& year of 

completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

Veterinary Camp Community UG/SHG/WC 1.50 

Kitchen Garden Kits Private SHG 1.50 

Drip Irrigation Demostration Community UG/SHG 1.25 

Sprinkler System Demostration Community UG/SHG/WC 1.25 

Roof water harvesting Private UG/SHG 3.00 

Kevadra 

Plantation (Neem/Amala) Community UG/SHG/WC 1.00 




Horticulture Plantation Private Community UG/SHG 0.90 

Stationary Private UG/SHG 0.90 

Bend Party Private UG/SHG 0.60 

Floriculture Private Community UG/SHG 1.00 

Total 19.90 



Kevadra 

Production System and Microenterprise Development 

Buffalo Farming Unit Community UG/SHG 

10.00 

Paper Dish‐bowl Making Unit Community SHG 

1.25 

Groundnut Grading Unit Community SHG 

12.00 

Carpentry Community UG/SHG 

1.50 

Food Processing Unit Community SHG 

1.10 

Total 25.85 



Table 42.3 :Details of allied /other activities – GELANA 

Sr. No. 

Name 


Village 

Gelana 

Gelana 


(i) Private 


(ii) 

Community 

(iii) 

Others 

(pl. 

specify) 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

(ii)SHG 

Estimated 

cost 

(Rs. in lakh) 

(iii) WC 


Nursery Unit Community UG/SHG 1.00 



Floriculture Community UG/SHG/WC 0.60 

Incense Stick Making Private Community UG/SHG/WC 0.40 

Handi Craft Matrial Shop Private UG/SHG 1.40 

Drip Irrigation Demostration Community UG 0.50 

Stationary Shop Private UG/SHG 0.30 

Total 5.55 


Papad Making Unit 


1.25 


Lemon Plantation 

Private Community UG/SHG/WC 

0.60 


Carpentry Private UG/SHG/WC 1.00 

Plantation of Horticulture 

Private UG/SHG 

0.40 

Livestock (buffalo) 

Private UG/SHG/WC 

0.60 

Total 7.20 

Target 

Expected month & 

year of completion 

(mm/yyyy) 



Table 42.4:Details of allied /other activities – EKLERA 

Executing 


agency 


Estimated 

Sr. No. 


(iii) Others (i) UG 

Village 

(i) (ii) 

cost 

(pl. 

Private Community 

(ii)SHG (Rs. in 

specify) 

(iii) WC lakh) 



Plantation Of Alovera Private Community UG/SHG/WC 0.90 

Target 

Expected month 

& year of 

completion 

(mm/yyyy) 

Eklera 

Eklera 

Scienitific Approch For Agro Productivity Community UG/SHG 1.00 

Livestock (buffalo) Private Community UG/SHG 0.60 

Kitchen Garden Kits Private UG/SHG 0.40 

Horticulture Plantation Community UG/SHG 0.70 

Total 4.10 

Production system and Micro‐enterprise development 

Charkha Udyog 

Private 

UG/SHG 

1.00 

Vermi Composting 


1.00 

Mandap Service 

Private 

SHG 

1.00 

Veterinary kits 

Private Community UG/SHG 

0.50 

Drip kits Private Community UG/SHG 0.50 


Fall Machine Private UG/SHG 0.80 

Detergent Powder Making Unit Private Community UG/SHG 0.40 

Total 5.40 



Table 42.5 : Details of allied /other activities – REVADRA 

S. No. 

Name 


Village 

Revadra 

Revadra 

Executing 


Target 

agency 

Estimated Expected 


(iii) (i) UG 

cost month & 

(ii) Others 

(i) Private 

Community (pl. (ii)SHG 


(Rs. in lakh) completion 

specify) 

(iii) WC 

(mm/yyyy) 


Fodder Unit Community UG/SHG 1.00 



Livestoke (buffalo) Private Community UG/SHG/WC 0.60 

Horticulture Plantation Private UG/SHG 0.80 

Bend Party Private UG/SHG 0.40 

Total 3.75 



Wheat Sev Machine 


0.10 

Livestoke (buffalo) 


0.25 

SHG Revolving Fund 

Community SHG 

0.80 

Afforestation (Neem Tree) Private UG/SHG 0.40 


Fall Machine Private UG/SHG 1.00 

Total 4.90 



Production System For IWMP‐3 Keshod Watershed Project 

PRODUCTION SYSTEM 1 ‐ Bio‐Gas for project village 

The idea is to use cattle dung and kitchen soft waste and waste water to produce bio gas in a bio reactor. The unmanaged cattle dung can be 

managed properly if fed into a bio reactor. The reactor produces bio gas which is about 60% methane and 40 % carbon dioxide along with 

traces of other gases. This is used as cooking fuel and for lighting in some cases in place of traditional inefficient wood and kerosene stove. 

Biogas is a clean and efficient fuel. Because of the biogas the need for collecting firewood is avoided. The cooking is speeded up and time on 

cooking is reduced. Women have spare time to take care of their children and their education. A portion of their spare time is spent on 

sustainable income generating activities. 

Impact on natural resources 

∙ Reduction of pressure on the forest, as the families will use less wood (or no wood at all) to cook. There is an important deforestation in the 

district, and villagers, who went 2km from the village to collect wood. 

∙ Restoration of soil fertility 

The chemical fertilizers are damaging the soil fertility, and the annual crop yields are decreasing. Studies have shown that when vermincompost 

is used, the crops increased of 13%. 

∙ Control of local water contamination 

Leaching of organic wastes and chemical fertilizers can occur when they are not managed. It will manage organic wastes and reduces the use 

of chemical fertilizers these risks are lessened. 

The Benefits for Biogas Users 

Expenditure saved by the substitution of other energy sources with biogas. If applicable, income from the sale of biogas; 

Expenditure saved by the substitution of mineral fertilizers with bio‐fertilizer. Increased yield by using bio‐fertilizer. If applicable, income 

from the sale of bio‐fertilizer; 

savings in the cost of disposal and treatment of substrates (mainly for waste‐water treatment); 

Time saved for collecting and preparing previously used fuel materials (if applicable),time saved for work in the stable and for spreading 



manure (if this time can be used to generate income). 

Detailed Cost Estimate for a 3 Cum Capacity Bio‐gas 

S.No Particulars Unit No L W H/D Qty Rate Amount 

1 Excavation of pit for main Tank ( Digester) Cum 1 22/7X2X2X1.5 18.84 

i Extra Excavation for round shape of Digester Tank Cum 1 4/3X22/7X2X2X.5 8.37 

ii Excavation of foundation for Fedder Tank Cum 1 22/7X0.8X0.8X0.5 1.00 

iii Excavation of foundation for slurry Tank Cum 1 2.5 1.5 0.5 1.88 

30.09 41 1233.82 

2 PCC in 1:2:4 cement Concrete 

i In bottom of the main Digester Tank 3" thick Cum 1 22/7X2X2X0.075 1.88 

ii In bottom of the Feeder Tank 3" thick Cum 1 22/7X0.8X0.8X0.075 0.15 

iii In bottom of the slurry tank 3" thick Cum 1 2.5 1.5 0.075 0.28 

2.32 2420 5604.65 

3 Brick Work in 1:5 cement mortar 

i for construction of digester tank dom Cum 1 0.63 

ii for construction of feeder tank Cum 1 0.20 

iii for construction of slurry tank Cum 1 0.88 

4 Plastering of the surface in 1:4 cement mortar 1.71 2280 3896.43 

i Digester from Inside and outside Sqm 1 3/2X22/7X1X1 4.71 

ii Feeder tank from inside and out side Sqm 1 5.02 

iii Slurry tank from inside and outside Sqm 1 17.6 

27.33 74 2022.72 

5 

Fixing of GI pipe nipple 1" dia and 20cm long on top of 

digester dome Job 1 1 150 150 

6 

Providing of gas burner+ HDPE pipe 1/4" +1/2" gate 

valve+Hose Nipple, Hose Clamp unit 1 1 1860 1860 

Total Constructional Cost in Rs. 14767.61 





PRODUCTION SYSTEM‐2: PAPAD PRODUCTION UNITS 

For women to become a successful entrepreneur, she needs access to capital, technical and managerial know‐how and market. The essence to 

empower rural women lies in catalyzing appropriate economic activities at the grass root level and creating new opportunities for them to 

earn higher income in order ton improve their standard of living. This objective could be accomplished by establishing enterprises that are 

based on the locally available resources and preferably indigenous knowledge. Self Help Groups (SHG), each with 10‐20 members, will be 

motivated and proper training will be provided for each micro enterprise activity which will improve the quality of their own lives as well as the 

lives of those around them. 

Introduction 

Papad is delicious snack. It is consumed at homes, restaurants, hotels, etc. Papad is a traditional item consumed in all functions. Traditionally 

this activity was confined to household papad making but in view of increasing demand and availability of machinery (mechanisation) it has 

now been developed in cottage and small scale sector. 

Market 

Field survey findings indicated that papad industry has good potential in cities like Junagadh, Bhavnagar and Rajkot. There is a good demand 

for papads because it is a food product and commonly consumed commodity in all households and hotels. Women entrepreneurs can gainfully 

take up this papad unit in their houses but proper packing and distribution network is necessary to sell in bulk quantities. 

Manufacturing Process 

Generally weighed quantity of floor is taken in a mixer. Ingredients required for Papad making are Black gram, oil, sodium carbonate, flour of 

Arhar dal. A solution of common salt and carbonates is added in requisite quantity of water and the contents are kneaded at maximum speed 

to get a homogenous lump of the dough. After resting the dough for 30 minutes, it is divided into balls. These are pressed into circular discs. 



Corn starch can be used as dusting material to prevent stickiness. The papads are usually dried. After drying, it is packed in various size 

packing. Lot of 25 or 50 papads is then packed in polythene bags. Papad can be manufactured from different varieties of pulses or there could 

be a combination of pulses as well. 

Production Capacity 

Monthly approximately 300 kg papad can be produced. 

Static Capital Investments: 

A) Land/Infrastructure : 

A person can start his activity in his own/ rented house by using Approx. 150 Sq. Ft. carpet area. 

Sr. 

Particular 

Price (Rs.) 

No. 

B) Machinery and Equipments 

1 Mixing and rolling machine 24000.00 

2 Weighing machine 3000.00 

3 Packing machine 2000.00 

4 Set for papad making 1000.00 

5 Furniture 5000 

6 Other instruments 1000 

TOTAL 36000 

C) Postage, telephone, stationery, transportation etc 3000 

Grand Total :‐ 39000 


Production Cost (Monthly) 

1 Raw Material 15000.00 

2 Power fuel charge 500.00 

3 Packing 100.00 

4 Repairs and maintenance 200.00 

5 Unskilled workers 2000.00 

6 House Rent 500.00 

7 Others 200.00 

Total : ‐ 18400.00 


Total Production (Monthly) 

1. Papad 300 Kg X Rs. 132/Kg 39600 

Cost Benefit Ratio (Monthly) 

Monthly Selling income 39600 

Production Cost 18400 

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 

Total monthly income will be Rs. 21400 21400 

The unit can be taken up by landless, small farmer and land with limited farm labour, thus making it most suitable to the project villages, and 

the scheme will be taken up in such a manner that there should be no marketing problem, as they will be consumed directly by the near by 

villages or cities. Training will be provided to the beneficiaries and the content is shown below 



Training Content 

A. Theoretical 

• Introduction to different types of papads. 

• Tools and Equipments used in papad making. 

• Dough making ‐ variations in shapes, size, and flavour. 

• The processes involved in papads making. 

• The hygiene aspects associated with food products. 

• Market development. 

• Addresses of the suppliers of raw materials, & packaging materials. 

B. Practical 

• Raw materials for papad making – the quality and variety. 

• Introduction to the machinery and equipments used. 

• Dough making and the value addition in the form of flavours. 

• Bringing about variations in shapes and sizes. 

• Papad & Chips making – Practical 

• Drying and preservation 

• Cost considerations and waste reduction. 

• Pricing & packaging 



PRODUCTION SYSTEM – 3 VERMICOMPOSTING 

Vermi composting is an eco‐friendly technology. Application of vermin‐culture technology in the recycling of Sericultural waste and other 

wastes has a tremendous potential. It is estimated that, by recycling (3) times in a year the farmer may get approximately 15 tones of vermin 

compost manure. 

Vermi composing is a technology of using earthworms as versatile natural bio‐reactor for rapid conversion of any organic wastes under value 

added manure. The earthworms feed on the wastes of organics origin, which is rich in NPK, micro nutrients, enzymes and vitamins suitable for 

crop growth besides number of useful micro organisms. 

S. No Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) 

1 Super Structure construction with truss with fencing 128750 

2 Shade net for covering the roof 750 sqrt mt. 25 18750 

3 Binding wire for tying 200 Kg 50 10000 

4 Labour charges for erection of sheds 100 100 10000 

5 Shovels, spades, crowbars, iron baskets etc 15000 

6 Weighing scale (100 kg capacity) 1 2500 2500 

7 Cow dung @ 80kg/m3 96 qtl 250 24000 

8 Worms 200 kg 70 14000 

9 Formation of vermin bed with agro‐waste, cow dung and worms 50000 

10 Miscellaneous ‐ ‐ 3000 

11 Training 5000 

12 Total cost ‐ ‐ Rs. 281000 

Returns from vermicomposting 

Benefits 

1. Sale of vermin compost of 120 tones @ Rs.3000/‐ per ton 120*3000=360,000 Rs 

2. Sale of worms @ 5 kg per ton of compost and Rs. 50 per kg 600*50=30,000 Rs 

3.Total 

Net benefit 

3,90,000 Rs/‐ 

1,09,000 Rs/‐ 



MICROENTERPRISE 1: FODDER BANK 

Introduction: 

"The fodder bank technology is a farming practice whereby leguminous shrubs and grass species are grown on a farm to provide fodder for 

livestock sector." It provides a wide range of animal products that are rich in high quality proteins and have the potential as good and 

sustainable sources of income in many areas. Through the dairy cooperative societies, farmers will be supplied with seeds of bajra, multi‐cut 

jowar and cowpea for the summer season; bajra, multi cut jowar and maize for the kharif season and bajra and berseem for the rabi season. 

The demand for fodder seeds was the highest for the rabi season. Farmers cite the availability of green grass in abundance during the rains as a 

reason for their not devoting acreage solely for fodder during the kharif season. The accent of the programme during the year was to get 

across the message of growing a mixture of fodder crops providing complete nutrition for the animals. The success of the programme lay in 

making available quality fodder seeds to farmers. One aspect where we could have done better was in getting farmers to try out a mix of 

fodder crops and devote needed acreage to growing fodder for their animals. The fodder bank ensures fodder availability which in turn 

reduces the distressed migration of the people resulting in sustainable livelihood opportunities and enhances natural resource security in the 

project area. 

Objective of a fodder bank: 

1. Build a local fodder bank and organize the distribution of fodder during drought and scarce situation. . 

2. Establish and maintain village fodder farm in the community grazing area, and allocate the community land for fodder production, in 

association with dairy co‐operatives. 

3. Control regulates and charge in the community grazing and pastures lands. 

4. Undertake the distribution of fodder seeds and slips in the village. 


Primary problem of the project 


All the villages come under totally rainfed agriculture and soil is very suitable for fodder crop mainly sorghum but due the scarcity of 

irrigation water only one crop can be taken throughout the year. So fodder bank play an important role to solve this problem. Majority of 

farmers own more than than a hectare of land for food and fodder production but lack of irrigation water has made these lands 

unproductive. The concept of fodder bank can overcome the problem of seasonal feed shortage, migration and poor animal performance. 

It is the milch animal, which is the worst affected during these periods of drought, due to lack of productivity of sufficient fodder and water. 

As a result, the poor are forced to let go with their animals in search of fodder and green pastures to other parts of the state. This eventually 

leads to colossal loss of income generating assets, poor demographic profile of village and low education level of their children. 

Even in good years, during harvesting season, the poor tend to sell their crop residue or fodder to earn cash. At such time when supply is 

higher than demand, they are not able to sell fodder at remunerative prices. The same fodder is bought back by them, mostly at higher prices 

during the months of scarcity. 

To meet the critical needs of fodder, especially for the poor families and protect them from inordinately high prices during the summer 

months, fodder banks are proposed to be setup at both the village level. 

Feasibility of Fodder Bank: 

Focused Group Discussions conducted in the cluster villages revealed that many landless farmers migrate to other places during dry months due 

to lack of green grass and fodder for their cattle. The number and type of cattle as well as the fodder production capacity of the village was 

collected during door to door survey. In focused group discussion several factors like the various types of fodder available locally, the quantity 

of fodder to be stored in the fodder bank, the size of fodder bank, the amount of finances required to operate a fodder bank etc were 

discussed with the farmers, User group and Watershed committee. The fodder bank should be sustainable and towards that, the sale price of 

fodder should cover operating costs and losses in storage. 



Primary Model for A Fodder Bank : 

A. Total Dairy farmers 39 

No. of Cattle to be catered by one fodder bank. 

No. of adult animals 

No. of calves 

299 36 

Total 335 

Fodder requirement per day (10kg dry fodder for adult and 5 kg for calf). 5025 Kg 

Fodder requirement for 180 days. 

Fodder available from lands/farms/pasture land (60%) 

Fodder expected from community land 

Cost of cultivation for fodder production (See Table:2) 

Remaining requirement for 120 days Total Cost Avg. procurement rate 

in harvesting season, Rs.500 per Qt. including transportation *.Net 

Cost of Fodder Production "K' (cost of cultivation + Cost of procurement) 

9045 quintal 

5427 quintal 

20 hac *150=3000 quintal 

105000 Rs 

3618‐3000=618 quintal 

500*618= Rs.309000/‐ 

B. Area development for fodder bank Land required Approx. 3500 m 2 Rs 12000 

(preferably land will be allotted by Gram Panchayat @ Rs.600 per 

month) 

C. Cl. Fencing + Weighing machine + Small shed + Other tools. Rs.70,000/‐ 

D. 

Total Cost for Fodder bank (A+B) 

Rs. 3,91,000/‐ 


Cost of cultivation for fodder production 

Cost Detail 

Unit cost 

1. Cost for tillage 4.5 hour*20 hec*400 Rs 36000 

2. Cost for seed 12 kg seed *20 hec *100 Rs 24000 

3. Cost for fertilizer Rs 20,000 

4. Cost for irrigation 

Rs 15,000 

R 

5. Depreciation cost Rs 10,000 

Total cost for 20 hec Rs. 105,000 


Revenue and return Details. 

S. No Return Details Cost (in Rs.) 

1 Cost of fodder Per Kg = 3,91,100/309000 

1.26 Rs/kg 

2. Selling Price of Fodder Rs 2 /Kg 

3. Net selling Price Rs. 723600/‐ 

4. Net Profit Rs 227500/‐ 

Production of Fodder: 

We will produce 3000 quintal fodder from community land of Gram Panchayat and for remaining requirement we can fulfill by two 

ways first one buy the fodder at the time of harvesting and second we can take land on lease agreement from some other government as 

well as private agency. 



Technical Support/Assistance: 

To ensure proper technical support for fodder bank and smooth functioning of activities the required technical assistance may be taken from 

Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK's), Dept. of Agriculture, Dairy and DWDU. 

Advantages: 

The importance of a fodder bank can be well understood. The fodder banks will provide much needed relief and self‐reliance to poor in the 

village especially in drought condition. Specifically, the advantages are:‐ 

> It will reduce migration during drought condition. 

> Farmers can purchase and sale of fodder at village level, thus doing away with costs incurred by them to carry out these transactions at 

the city market. 

> It can reduce in overall market prices of fodder during the lean season. 

> Ensure availability of fodder during the lean season at affordable and reasonable prices. 

> Reduced distress sale of cattle due to non ‐availability and / or non‐affordability of fodder. 

> Higher incomes for the poor as cattle will have enough fodder even during the lean season 

> Increase employment opportunities at the village level associated with the sale, purchase and storage of fodder. 


MICROENTERPRISE‐2 BAKERY UNIT 

Introduction 


Bakery food items have gained popularity with the youngsters and is now a part of daily snacks in all parts of the country. The rural pockets 

have also been influenced by it and bakery products are available in villages through multiple channels. The demend for these products is 

rising in the rural areas and in almost all parts of Gujarat, bakery products are consumed on a large scale. 

Freshness, taste and quality are the three important parameters for bakery products. The business is lucrative in our project cluster due to the 

availability of raw materials in the villages. We are taking up this activity in Mesvan after repeated discussions with the villagers through FGD's 

and PRA's. 

Training and exposure visits will be provided to the entrepreneurs at renowned bakeries like Monginis. 

Figure 1: Demand of Bakery Products in Meswan 



MICROENTERPRISE 3 ‐ PAPER DISH BOWL MAKING UNIT 

Introduction 

Paper dish making unit is a low investment activity that has a good market potential in the nearby villages of our cluster. the unit requires very 

low amount of capital investment and unskilled workers can easily handle the unit. the raw material is laminated paper which is available in 

bulk from the nearby market. There is a good level of demand for the product but only a few units are present in Keshod for manufacturing 

paper dish bowls. 

Project Cost: 

Sr. 

Particular 

Price (Rs.) 

No. 

A) Machinery and Equipments 

1 Machine 55000.00 

2 Furniture 1000.00 

3 Other instruments 1000.00 

TOTAL 57000.00 

B) Postage, telephone, stationery, transportation etc 2000 

Grand Total :‐ 59000 

Production Cost (Monthly) 

1 Raw Material 2000.00 

2 Power fuel charge 500.00 

3 Packing 100.00 

4 Repairs and maintenance 200.00 

5 Unskilled workers 500.00 

6 House Rent 500.00 

7 Others 200.00 

Total : ‐ 4000.00 


Total Production (Monthly) 

Sales price of 1 paper bowl dish – Rs 2.00 

paper bowl dish sheaths (5000) 10000 

Cost Benefit Ratio (Monthly) 

Monthly Selling income 10000 

Production Cost 4000 

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ 

Total monthly income will be Rs. 6000 6000 


Benefits: No training is required to undertake this activity and unskilled workers can easily take up the machine work. the time taken to roll out 

paper dish is very less and the quantity churned out per day is high. The machine is available at cheap prices 

AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME 

Our understanding is that without addressing the crucial area of end‐use regulation, no amount of rainwater harvesting is going to work. For 

this the most important requirement is the working out of a sustainable package of practices for dryland agriculture. This is moreover an 

alternative to the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed the drylands or is completely inappropriate for them. It is believed that the 

economy must be viewed as a sub‐system of the larger eco‐system, which comprises not merely human beings but also natural resources and 

non‐human species. 

The watershed village area has seen penetration of Green Revolution (GR) inputs in agriculture, which is the main occupation of the people. 

Cotton that was the main crop of the area is becoming completely unviable because of high pesticide costs. Despite excessive use of pesticides, 

pestilence remains an intractable problem. The inputs available to them are often sub‐quality. For example, local dealers dispose of expired 

pesticides to illiterate farmers. Farmers are in general suffering because of high input costs. However, their problem is that they perceive no 

alternative to the GR package. What is worse, the catchment areas have suffered severe denudation of forest cover in recent years. This has 



raised the rate of soil erosion and surface runoff. Biodiversity has also been adversely affected. There is a fodder and fuel crisis in the area. In 

the recent 3‐year drought, the worst impact was on cattle. Within this context, our attempt (see Figure below) is to forge several new links 

within the elements of the natural resource base of the area (climate, rainfed agriculture, wastelands, forests, and crop residues, animal and 

human wastes and decentralized energy sources). With soil and water conservation technologies, surface runoff is minimised which improves 

the level of soil moisture. Loss of essential soil nutrients is also reduced. And harvested runoff is recycled to agricultural land through water 

harvesting structures. The utilisation of soil moisture through vegetative systems strengthens the flows of fodder, firewood. Non‐woody 

biomass from the regenerated forests and commons, as well as part of the crop residues, is returned to the soil through microbial 

decomposition. Revegetation of the commons also provides material for direct incorporation into soil as green manure. Animal wastes are 

directed to biogas plants, from which bio‐energy is supplied either to the households for cooking. The organic residue from the biogas plant 

(digested slurry) goes to enrich the soil as a nitrogen‐ rich fertiliser. 

These are the major components in the agricultural programme to be carried out in the Programme: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Seed distribution 

Seed multiplication 

Trials and Demonstrations 

Popularisation of a package of agricultural practices 

Floriculture 

Horticultural plantation 

Non Pesticide Management 

Vermicomposting 



 

 

Jatropha plantation along fencing and on wastelands 

Afforestation 

Our effort has been to introduce a complete alternative to hybrid seeds and the Green Revolution package and practices as listed above. As a 

trial of the recommended practice of intercropping of different crops, farmers of the project area were chosen for Front Line Demonstrations 

(FLDs). These demonstrations attempt to make certain type of crop varieties popular again by showing the possibility of intercropping with a 

cash crop. The model, thus, attempts to show the households the possibility of getting some extra cash income while ensuring food security. In 

collaboration with ICRISAT, Hyderabad, Junagarh Agricultural University, KVK‐Kodinar, Junagadh, we will carry out trials of composite varieties 

of different crops as trail or demonstration plot. Seeds of varieties identified as suitable to the area will be disseminated to more than 100 

farmers in watershed villages. Then attempt is to a comparative assessment of some of these varieties based on a detailed feedback obtained 

from the farmers of the area. This feedback will be then provided to scientists who devised these seeds. 

Training and Exposure visits 

A large group of people, consisting mainly of women dairy farmers who will take loans for purchase of cattle, will visit the successful dairy 

cooperatives under the Amul Dairy, Dudhsagar dairy and Banas dairy. These cooperatives were chosen mainly for the reason that many of the 

successful dairy farmers in these areas are small farmers belonging to various communities. These dairies had also built up their business on 

the hard work of women farmers who had taken loans from the SHGs run by the cooperative union to buy cattle. The interaction will be 

helpful as dairy co‐operative members in other district will make them to understand how those women, with a similar background, had been 

able to build up a good livelihood option revolving around the dairy. 

Training addressing the issue of infertility in animals will be provided to beneficiary group. Three day training cum exposure visit will be 

organized for the team and some farmers to the BAIF organization. The visit will provide a first hand view of the options open to dryland 



farmers to ensure the availability of good quality fodder. The farmers who had adopted such practices demonstrated how it could help in 

cutting down the cost of feed concentrates. 


Promotion of micro‐enterprises and various income generation activities is an important aspect of empowerment. Although it is extremely 

difficult to find remunerative self employment, there are enormous untapped opportunities in the rural sector. These include both on‐farm 

and off‐farm opportunities. Typically families living below poverty line, SC, ST and landless in a cluster of villages are motivated to take part in 

holistic development through livelihood opportunities through multidisciplinary interventions. 

Advantages of Agro‐Based Activities: While promoting various income generation activities, agro‐based activities have advantages because of 

the following reasons: 

1. Target groups are acquainted with most of the basic skills. 

2. Easy access to inputs. 

3. No problems of marketing, as most of the outputs are locally consumed as food. 

4. As over 50‐60 % of the rural families own land and livestock, income generation activities can be initiated immediately without heavy capital 

investment. 

5. Risk of failure due to improper technology, poor quality, low demand and poor price recovery are very low. Hence, the chances of success 

are high. 

6. Infrastructure required for promotion of on‐farm activities has been very well established. Hence, the entrepreneurs can progress even in 

backward regions, which are deprived of regular power supply and electronic information connectivity. It is therefore advantageous to tap all 

the opportunities to promote various on‐farm activities. The experience has confirmed that the best strategy to promote income generation 



activities through SHGs is to analyze the on‐going agro‐based activities undertaken by the members and introduce suitable interventions to 

enhance the production. There are also excellent opportunities to improve post production management of the produce through grading, 

storage, processing and marketing. 

Various micro‐enterprises activities through UG and Self Help Groups will be promoted. The list of micro‐enterprises taken up by various SHGs 

is presented below. Among these activities, agriculture followed by animal husbandry, Khadi making units and food processing. However, over 

a period of time, agriculture, animal husbandry and food processing supercede the trade as many individuals participate in enhancing their 

production at the family level and try to organize themselves to market them collectively. Other activities such as production of utility items, 

construction related activities and handicrafts find it difficult to sustain due to poor marketing infrastructure, lack market and competition 

from other sources. 

Support Needed for Promotion of Micro‐enterprises 

Following support is needed to promote micro‐enterprises through women SHGs. 

1. Motivation of the target communities, particularly women and landless farmers 

2. Formation of Self Help Groups and their Federations 

3. Gender sensitization 

4. Training and capacity building 

5. Micro‐finance. Provision of credit facilities and linkage with banks 

6. Development of infrastructure, particularly through the SHG Federations to provide necessary support services and marketing 

7. Trade networking and establishment of market outlets 

8. Village level Information Centre: The multi‐disciplinary team interacted with the SHGs and User groups to explore the potentials for 

development of various enterprises and extend necessary support for dissemination of technologies, procurement of inputs, training of 



members and establishment of linkage with the market. There should be some agency to provide guidance to the entrepreneurs as and when 

needed. 

The selected production activities for the watershed villages follow the above‐mentioned process, and are selected in such a way that they 

should be: 

economically viable 

environmentally sustainable 

socially equitable 

energy efficient 

employment generation 

For any policy or resolution to be passed 

Enhanced control due to 

Floriculture 

Floriculture industry a lucrative business comprising traditional flowers , cut flowers, pot plants, dry floral crafts and planting materials, besides 

valueadded products like bouquets, garlands, floral baskets, floral concretes, pot‐pourii and oils. It has proved to be a highly profitable agrobusiness 

generating maximum returns per unit area. Flowers like Rose, Marigold, and ‐‐‐‐‐‐ can be profitably cultivated. Rose and marigold 

fetch very high prices in the local market and many farmers in their homestead gardens. This can be a good alternative and economic crop for 

the small stakeholders. The per unit returns from marigold and rose is expected to be very high. 



4.4 Capacity building and Institutional collaboration 

Watershed management and development requires the collaboration of a wide range of farmers’ organizations as well as extension 

and research institutions at various levels. This gives implementers access a wider technical resource base, creates better information flows 

and encourages mutual learning. Watersheds serve as a confluence between lands and communities, providing ample opportunities for 

members to share complementary expertise. A watershed contains producers (farmers), possibly actors that add value to produce, traders and 

consumers information, and education institutions to test their joint efforts to make a difference. Watersheds can be also a good ground for 

learning and demonstration of expertise. 

Scope of capacity building at Project Villages 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income Generation Activities 

o Stiching 

o Food Processing 

o Post Harvest management practices Fodder development and Management 

o Gram Vatika 

Crop Information 

Meteorological Information 

Alternative Land Use Plan 

Improved and Scientific agriculture practices 

Scientific planning of Soil and Moisture conservation 

Information dissemination on Audio/Video 

Dairy Development and Management 



Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas 

S. No. 

Name(s) of the 

villages 

CPR particulars 

Activity proposed 

Target area under the 

activity (ha) 

Target 

Estimated expenditure 

(Rs.) 

Expected no. of 

beneficiaries 

1 Kevadra Vermi Composting 1 0.50 1.00 30 SHG/UG 

Afforestation 4560 5 7.06 

Community 

Floriculture 3360 0.4 1.00 Community 


Community 

guard 10000 ‐ 11.90 

Neem Tree Amla 

Plantation 8000 3 1.00 

30 SHG/UG 

2 Revadra Vermi 

Composting‐1 unit 1 0.50 1.00 

30 SHG/UG 

Afforestation 3560 1 0.40 Community 

Horticulture 

Community 

Plantation 180 0.4 0.80 

Fodder 1 9 1.00 20 SHG/UG 

3 Gelana Vermi 


50 SHG/UG 


Community 

Nursery Unit 0.4 1.00 

Community 

Floricluture 30000 1 0.60 25 SHG/UG 

Lemon Plot 800 1 0.60 20 SHG/UG 



4 Eklara Vermi 




guard 9000 1 0.90 

5 Mesvan Vermi 



Plantation 

(Chikoo/Amala) 10000 4 2.00 

Plantation of 

Alovera (2ha) 11000 2 2.00 


guard 15309 ‐ 16.36 

20 SHG/UG 

Community 

Community 

20 SHG/UG 

Community 

Community 

Community 

Community 

Horticulture 1 3.25 40 SHG/UG 


Table no. 44: Institutes Identified for Capacity Building 

S.No Organisation Training Modules 

1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Junagadh Better farming practices 

2 Junagadh Agricultural University soil conservation 


3 SPIPA Implementation and Monitoring of watershed 

projects 

4 IRMA Sustainable Livelihoods Governance, Natural Resource 

Management 

5 AKRSP Participatory methods in planning and implementation of 

watershed projects 

6 Anarde Foundation Community Based Activities, 

7 BISAG, Gandhinagar GIS in planning 

8 BAIF Microenterprise Planning 

Early and ongoing stakeholder collaboration and communication in capacity building is also important from the point viewpoint of “leveling the 

playing field” in anticipation of disputes that may arise. Filling strategic skills/capacity gaps supports Integrated Water resources Management, 

facilitates dispute resolution, and builds practical understanding of the scope of sustainable natural resource development challenges and 

opportunities 


Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan 

S. No. Village Project Stakeholders 

Total no. of 

persons 


No. of persons to be 

trained 

No. of training 

programmes 

Estimated cost 

PIA 6 6 5 45000 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

WDTs 6 6 4 32000 

UGs 460 230 10 170000 

SHGs 246 180 5 140000 

WCs 53 53 5 90000 

GPs 30 15 1 6000 

Table no.46: Information, Education and Communication Activities 

S. No. Activity Executing agency Estimated expenditure (Rs.) 

Outcome 

1 Street plays Local artists 1.25 

2 Video shows DWDU,Junagadh 1.00 

3 

Wall paintings/ Focussed 

Group discussion 

DWDU, Junagadh 

1.82 

4 Pamphlets and posters DWDU, Junagadh 2.00 

Awareness generation and 

making beneficiaries accountable 

for sustainable development 

5 Banners and hoardings DWDU, Junagadh 2.34 




Table no. 47: Budget at a glance 

Budgeting 


Budget Component % of the Budget Rs in Lacs 

Net Project Cost 100 597.71 

‐Administrative Costs 10 59.7 

‐Monitoring 1 5.97 

‐Evaluation 1 5.97 

Preparatory phase: 

‐Entry point activities 4 23.90 

‐Institution and capacity building 5 29.85 

‐Detailed Project Report (DPR) 1 5.97 

Watershed Works Phase: 

‐Watershed Development works, 50 298.85 

‐Livelihood activities for the asset less persons, 10 59.7 

‐Production system and micro enterprises 13 77.61 

Consolidation Phase 5 29.85 

Total 100 597.71 



Table no. 48: Village wise‐ component wise budget available under IWMP 

Sr.No 

Village 

EPA 

Institution 

and CB 

DPR 

Watershed 

development 

Work 

Activity 

Livelihood 

for asset 

less 

Production 

system and 

Microenterprises 

Consolidation 

1 Eklera 1.67 2.08 0.42 20.83 4.17 5.42 2.08 41.66 

2 Gelana 2.23 2.78 0.56 27.84 5.57 7.24 2.78 55.67 

3 Kevadra 7.97 9.96 1.99 99.60 19.92 25.89 9.96 199.19 

4 Mesvan 10.53 13.17 2.63 131.66 26.33 34.23 13.17 263.32 

5 Revadra 1.51 1.89 0.38 18.94 3.79 4.92 1.89 37.87 

Total 

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement 

Sr.No Village Total cost requirement Total funds available 

under IWMP 

Gap in funds 

requirement 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

47.66 41.66 6.00 

59.40 55.67 3.73 

204.79 199.19 5.60 

266.22 263.32 2.90 

46.07 37.87 8.20 



Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes 

S. No. Village Activity to be carried out 

1 Revadra 

2 Eklera 

3 

Fund made available to 

IWMP due to 

convergence (Rs. in lakh) 

Reference no. of activity/ 

task/ structure in DPR 

Farm‐Bund 3.75 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

Renovation of Causeway 1.25 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

Desilting of Causeway 1.10 N.R.E.G.A. Dist Level 

Well Desiliting 2.10 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

8.20 

Farm bunding 3.62 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

Renovation of Causeway 1.20 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

Well Desiliting 1.20 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

6.02 

Gelana Farm bunding 3.23 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

Afforesation 0.50 N.R.E.G.A. Dist Level 

3.73 

4 Kevadra Land leveling 5.60 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

5 Mesvan Farm bunding 2.90 N.R.E.G.A. Dist level 

TOTAL 26.45 

Level at which 

decision for 

convergence was 

taken 



Table no. 51: Public‐Private Partnership in the IWMP projects 

SR. No. 


Private Sector 

Partner Agency 

Type of agreement signed Financial contribution Partnership 

Interventions 

a)MoU b)Contract c) Any 

other (pl. 

specify) 

IWMP 

1 NIL 

Private 

sector 

Expected 

Outcomes 

Comments 





6.1 Expected Outcomes 

6.1.1 Employment 

This programme also aims simultaneously to improve the living conditions of the abuttant user communities. Employment opportunities will 

be created to the people living in the watershed through different soil and water conservation activities and livelihood activities. Self 

employment would be created by providing the people with cash support in the form of direct livelihood activities like agriculture, animal 

husbandry and enterprise development. 

Table no. 52: Employment in Project area 

1 2 3 4 

Wage employment 

Self employment 


S. 

No. of mandays No. of beneficiaries No. of beneficiaries 

the 

No. 

villages 

SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Wome 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

13000 

5600 

1600 

3900 

3100 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

89000 

38000 

1040 

26100 

20100 

45900 

19620 

5400 

13500 

10440 

102000 

43600 

12000 

30000 

23200 

130 

56 

16 

39 

28 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

890 

380 

104 

261 

201 

459 

196 

54 

135 

104 

1020 

436 

120 

300 

232 

65 

28 

8 

20 

16 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

445 

190 

52 

131 

101 

n 

230 

98 

27 

68 

52 

Total 

510 

218 

60 

150 

116 



6.1.2 Migration 

WSD can open up new opportunities for households to both intensify and extensify production, for example through: 

• Increasing the frequency of cultivation – new water harvesting structures often permits cultivation of a second crop, or ‘life‐saving’ 

irrigation of a main crop. 

• Adopting new technologies, such as improved varieties of staple crops, higher levels of input use and higher yields; shifts to the cultivation 

of higher value crops in the project areas expected. 

• Expansion of cultivated areas – soil and water conservation interventions can bring new land into production. 

All of the above tend to generate increased demands for labour. These may be provided initially from farm family sources and subsequently 

by hired labour. 

Employment opportunities in the local area as mentioned above will ensure lessening seasonal migration from the area. 



Table no. 53: Details of seasonal migration from Project area 

Sr. No. Names of Villages No. of Persons Migrating No. of days per year of migration Expected Post 

Project 

Pre‐Project Expected Post Project Pre‐Project 

1 Eklera 110 40 >180 Up to 2 month 

2. Gelana 0 0 >180 Up to 2 month 

3 Kevadra 380 170 >180 Up to 2 month 

4 Mesvan 525 380 >180 Up to 2 month 

5 Revadra 0 0 >180 Up to 2 month 

Table no. 54: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) 

Sr.No. Names of Villages Sources Pre‐Project level Expected Increase/ decrease (Post‐ 

Project) 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

Eklera Borewell, Openwell 25 mtr 6 mtrs increase 

Gelana 22 mtr 6 mtrs increase 

Kevadra 25 mtr 6 mtrs increase 

Mesvan 30 mtr 6 mtrs increase 

Revadra 21 mtr 6 mtrs increase 



6.1.4: Drinking water 

The two villages in the project area totally depend upon Narmada water supply for drinking and other domestic activities as the groundwater is 

saline in nature. WASMO has constructed a tank to store water brought through pipeline from Narmada canal. As a result of the watershed activities, 

it is expected that the quantity and quality of drinking water would improve and will be available to villagers from well constructed downstream of 

checkdams. 

Table no. 55: Status of Drinking water 

Sr. No. Names of Availability of drinking water (no. of months in a year) Quality of drinking water Comments 

Villages 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

Pre‐project Expected Post project Pre‐project Expected Post‐project 

WASMO and Narmada 

Drinking water supply 

Water available from Check 

dams and wells above it. 

Potable 

Potable 



6.1.5 Crops 

Table no. 56: Details of crop area and yield in the project areas 

Name of village Name of crops 

Pre‐project 

Expected Post‐project 

Khariff 

Area (ha) Average Yield (Qtl) per ha. Area (ha) Average Yield per ha 

(Qtl) 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

Cotton 36.08 42.36 40 46.40 

Castor 3345 15.70 3425 16.50 

Groundnut 2903.5 44.58 3200 48.75 

Name of village 

Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

Wheat 

738.57 

Rabi 

122.83 800 128 

Dhanna 555.39 50.63 590 54.6 

Jeera 317.82 39.53 340 43.5 

Summer 

Til 11.24 78.12 12.50 82.60 

Bajri 18.81 80.56 20 83.2 



6.1.6 Horticulture 

Table no. 57: Area under horticulture 

Sr.No. Name of Village Existing area under horticulture (Ha) Area under horticulture proposed to be 

covered through IWMP(Ha) 

1 Eklera 0.5 5 

2 Gelana 1 6 

3 Kevadra 2 8 

4 Mesvan 4 12 

5 Revadra 3 8 

6.1.7 Vegetative cover 

There is negligible area under tree cover. The cluster consists of only neem and other forest trees. Trees like Neem and Lemon are seen on few farm 

boundaries. It is planned that 30 ha land to be covered under new plantation in both villages. 

Table no. 58: Forest/vegetative cover 

Sr.No. Name of Village Existing area under tree cover (ha) Area under tree cover proposed 

1 Eklera 1 3 

2 Gelana 1.5 4 

3 Kevadra 3 8 

4 Mesvan 3 9 

5 Revadra 1.5 6 



6.1.8 Livestock 

The village has quite a good of livestock population. These include cows, bullocks, buffaloes, goats, sheep. The interventions like provision of 

good quality cows and buffaloes, the establishment of a fodder bank and other such related activities would spur up the dairy development in 

the village. It is expected that the post project period would see a substantial increase in livestock population and yield from them. 

Table no. 59: Details of livestock in the project areas (for fluids please mention in litres, solids in kg and income in Rs.) 

Sr.No. Name of Village Type of Animal Pre‐Project Expected Post‐project Remarks 

1 Eklera 

Gelana 

Kevadra 

Mesvan 

Revadra 

Yield Income No. Yield Income 

Milk‐animals 

Cow (per animal/day) 368 8 200 390 14 280 

Buffalo(per animal/day) 1090 10 600 1125 15 700 

Goat(Meat:Rs/kg) 230 240 400 260 240 240 

Sheep(Meat:Rs/kg) 106 150 800 115 150 150 



Likages :‐ 

The direct livelihood activities need good forward and backward support. Without such support system the activities may fail to deliver the desired 

results. These linkages would involve credit, machinery, input supply, marketing, etc. 

Table no. 60: Backward‐Forward linkages 

S. No. Project Type of Marketing Facility Pre‐project (no.) During the project (no.) Post‐project (no.) 

1 Eklera Backward linkages 

2 Gelana Seed certification 

3 Kevadra Seed supply system 1 1 

4 Mesvan 

5 Revadra 

Fertilizer supply system 

Pesticide supply system 

l_ Credit institutions ‐ Bank‐1 Bank‐2 

Water supply SSNL Well Well 

Extension services KVK KVK 

Nurseries 

Tools/machinery suppliers ‐ 

Price Support system 

Labour 

Any other (please specify) 

Forward linkages 

Harvesting/threshing machinery 

Storage (including cold storage) 

Transport facilities 

Markets / Mandis Collective marketing system Collective marketing system 

Agro and other Industries Papad processing/packaging‐2 2 

Milk and other collection centres 2 Milk collection centre‐3 3 

Labour 

Any other (please specify) Fodder bank‐1 1 

Vermi‐compost unit‐2 3 

Animal vitamins (50 It) Animal vitamins (100 It) 



Logical Framework Analysis 

Narrative Summary Indicators Source of verification Assumptions 

Goal: 

Increased Agricultural Production and 

Sustainable Development and conservation of 

overall development 

natural resources with the help of Peoples 

Increase in contribution of agricultural 

Participation 

income to the household income 

Objective 1 

1.1 Less Uncertainty in Agricultural 

1.1 Discussion with 

Repair and Maintenance and 

Increase soil moisture content. 

Production 

Villagers/Farmers 

taking care of conservation 

1.2 Farmers take two 

1.2 Soil testing 

structures 

crops in a year 

1.3 Physical verification 

Output 

Soil moisture content will increase 

1.1 Clear growth of vegetation cover 

Discussion with 

Time to time take care of 

1.2 Certainty in Khariff ,Rabi crop 

Villagers/Farmers 

structures 

Activities 

1.1 Money spent on right 

1.1 Farm bunding 

1.1 250 Ha‐ 


time 

1‐2 Crop rotation 

1‐3 Mulching 

1.2 25 Ha 

1.3 115 

1.2 Records in asset register 

1.3 Interferences from GIS 

maps at different times 

1.2 Proper scientific methods 

used 

1‐3 Workers are ready 

1.4 Measurement Book 

1.4 Fields are free from crops 



Objective 2 

Increase irrigation potential 

Output 

Increased irrigation water 

Activities 

2.1 Earthen dams 

2.2 Percolation tank 

2.3 Farm ponds 

2.4 Check dams 

2.1 Increased irrigated area 

2.2 Increase in Land value 

2.3 More uncultivable lands to be 

brought under agriculture and new 

plantations 

2.1 Increased water table in wells 

2.2 Increase in flow period of streams 

2-1 Nos. 

2-2 Nos 

2-3 Nos 

2.1 Revenue records 

2.1 Judicious use of water 

2.2 Accessibility to common 

2.2 Patwari map 

and forest lands increased 

2.3 Maps from GIS with removal of 

encroachments and 

resolution of conflicts. 

2.1 Physical verification 2.2 Structures full to its 

2.2 Records in asset register capacity 

2.3 Interferences from GIS 2.3 Good amount of rainfall 

maps at different times received 

2.4 Promotion of better 

Irrigation practices like drip 

irrigation 

2.1 Physical verification 2.1 Good amount of rainfall 

2.2 Records in asset register 2.1 Size according to 

2.3 Interferences from GIS catchment and storage volume 

maps at different times calculation 



2.3 No seepage from structure 

Objective 3 

To improve Soil Quality 

Output 

Quality of Soil improved 

Activities 

3.1 Composting 

3.2 Application of Farm yard manure 

3.3 Use of FYM enriched with Route 

Phosphate and Bio‐Fertilizers 

3.1 Agriculture based livelihood income 

generation activities 

3.2 Promotion of organic farming 

practices 

3.1 Agriculture production will Increase 

3.2 Plantation of fruits and forest 

species 

3.1 Nos. 

3.2 

3.3 

3.1 Physical verification 3.1 Availability of 

waste/mulching material 

3.1 Physical verification 3.1 Composting material used 

3.2 Market Survey and refilled according to 

3.3 Soil testing 

farm requirement 

3.2 Use it in right time 

Physical verification 3.1 People ready for voluntary 

contribution for Biogas 

Structure 

3.2 Available of cow dung at 

right time 

3.3 Proper maintenance of 

structures 



Objective 4 

To increase fodder availability 

Out put 

Increased fodder availability 

Activities 

4.1 Pasture land and grassland will be 

developed. 

4.2 On farm bunds selected local species and 

fodder crops 

4.1 Increase in the proportion of 

households having more security of 

fodder 

4.2 Reduction in drudgery of fodder 

collection especially women 

4.1 Health of live stock improved 

4.2 Expected increase in cattle 

population 

4.3 promotion of dairy development 

among communities 

4.1 Rs. Spent on fodder 

4.2 Verification on farmbunds 

4.1 Survey(Pre and Post) 4.1 Quality of management of 

common property resources 

4.2 Proper distribution of 

seedling and take care. 

4.1 Expenditure on 4.1 Proper seedling 

seedling from register 4.2 Proper care and 

4.2 List of beneficiaries maintenance 

from the register 

4.1 WC's Reports 4.1 Peoples participating 

4.2 Expenditure Register 4.2 Proper variety Selection 

4.3 Resolution in WC's 4.3 Social fencing 




Objective 5 

5.1 People's participation/women's sociopolitical 

and economic empowerment in 

watershed for income generation activities 

5.1 Women participation enhanced in 

decision‐making of GVCs. 

Project to be implemented 

and managed in a democratic 

and participatory way 

ensuring equity. 

Output 

5.1 Community Mobilised 

5.2 Community Trained 

5.3 Better standard of living 

Activities 

5.1 Formation and strengthening of village 

institutions like women's SHG groups/WC/UGs 

and WCs through awareness programmes 

5.2 Formation of fodder banks to increase 

fodder security and promote dung 

development 

5.3 Capapcity building of SHG leaders and 

accounts members /farmers/UGs/WCs 

through workshop/meetings 

5.4 Income generation activities. 

5.5 Awareness campaign 

5.1 Maintenance of assets and 

records by the villagers themselves. 

5.1 Increased awareness amongst 

women about village resources. 

5.2 Women participation enhanced in 

decision‐making of GVCs. 

5.3 Farmers adopt organic farming 

practices 

5.4 Increased household income 

5.5 Improved access to credit to 

livelihood purposes. 

5.6 Gender sensitization of UGs and 

WCs to increase inclusiveness of group 

decision making. 

5.1 Frequent meetings 

5.2 Training register 

5.3 Increased 

participation 

5.1 Farmable socio‐cultural 

conditions at the village 

5.2 Checking registers of 

SHGs 

5.3 Checking passbook of 

groups 

5.4 Physical verification of 

income generation 

activities 

5.5 

Posters/banners/meeting 

register 

5.1 Proper training provided 

5.2 No biasness in villages 

5.1 No influence of any 

external agency 

5.2 Smooth flow of funds 

5.3 Access to appropriate 

technology 

5.4 People's Participation 

and 

positive perception towards 

the programme 





Quality and Sustainability Issues 

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation 

A Web‐based CIS System is being developed for monitoring and evaluating the project in its planning & implementation phases. 

The system would be available on a public domain and can be accessed by all the stakeholders of the project. The system shows the 

entire state of Gujarat and all of those areas selected over the next 18 years. Filtering allows the user to zoom onto one particular 

project. Details related to soil type, Land‐use classification, inhabitation etc., can be obtained village‐wise. Furthermore, survey‐number 

wise details related to ownership, irrigation source, yield etc., can also be accessed by the users of the system. This system is being used 

for pooling up the details obtained from the DPR. In other words, the DPR is made available online in the form of a database which will 

help the stakeholders know areas of importance viz., already treated areas/historical works in the area, proposed areas for treatment 

etc., for further treatment and planning. The system would also show the satellite imageries of various years from the project inception 

stage to the project closing stages. This allows the user to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and thereby plan corrective 

measures for the project area. The system would serve as an aiding tool to the planners and evaluators for judging the efficacy of the 

project. 

Yet another component of the Web‐based CIS system is the Mobile based Monitoring & Evaluation System, which will help the ground 

staff alias WDTs (Watershed Development Team) to transmit information from the ground level to the central server. Also, any higher‐up 

official in charge of the project can obtain information regarding the project area on their mobile phone by means of an SMS. The system 

works in the following manner. The WDT equipped with a GPS instrument marks the latitude‐longitude information of various treatment 

areas during the DPR. The probable sites are then transferred onto the central server. During the works phase, any progress in the 

treatment area is reported to the server by means of an SMS by the WDT. Similarly, any nodal officer or higher‐up official can view the 

progress in a project by means of summarized reports generated over frequent periods of time. 



Vigilance and Monitoring Committees 

1. For every work sanctioned under the Scheme, there should be a local vigilance and monitoring committee, composed of members of the 

locality or village where the work is undertaken, to monitor the progress and quality of work while it is in progress. The Gram Sabha will elect 

the members of this committee and ensure that SC/STs and women are represented on it. 

2. The Implementing Agency should apprise this committee of estimates regarding the work, time frame and quality parameters. The final 

report of the committee should be attached along with the Completion Certificate of the work, and should also be placed at the next meeting 

of the Gram Sabha in the Panchayat where work has been executed. 

3. Local beneficiary committees may also be constituted for effective articulation of their entitlements and their access to them. The PIA 

members will be responsible for ensuring that local monitoring committees/beneficiary committees are constituted. 

Research support in watershed management 

Watershed management requires the support of research. Watershed projects will be used as on‐farm sites for research designed and 

implemented with significant involvement of farmers and extension workers to produce site‐specific technological solutions. This leads to 

problems in adoption and up‐scaling of research findings within specific watersheds. There is also the question of up‐scaling technologies and 

approaches beyond a designated watershed. At the same time, researchers will be able to relate research activities to the real problems facing 

farmers or to capture the locally developed or modified technologies. Yet there is a need to give technologies appropriate technical and 

scientific definition and to disseminate them widely. 



Farmer organization and empowerment 

The management of natural resources requires strong and effective farmer organizations. Such organizations empower farmers and 

create a good foundation for the transfer, adoption and use of information on new technologies. They also help in negotiating for inputs at 

favorable prices. 

Strong farmers’ organizations can be a conduit for services that meet felt needs. These needs include information to improve 

production and marketing, credit, and demand driven approaches that ensure ownership and sustainability of interventions. 

Farmers’ organization allows the use of participatory approaches that recognize local capacity and indigenous knowledge. It 

incorporates the aspirations and perceptions that influence decision‐making, while giving farmers an important role in planning and 

implementation of watershed management activities. Such participation is important for the success, continuity and sustainability of the 

resource management programmes. 

Often a successful watershed knits together many aspects of the people’s lives apart from purely technical issues. Many conservation 

and basic group production initiatives have widened into a social movement dealing with matters such as weddings, funerals, care for the 

elderly and the disadvantaged, and other issues in the community. 

The initial natural resources focus also widens into a set of integrated activities such as the improvement of houses, provision of water 

and electricity, acquisition of improved tools, seeds and livestock, all in the name of watershed management. 

Empowerment of farmers therefore allows farmers to demand services and to ensure the continued role of the state in supporting 

watershed development. 

Use of traditional institutions and indigenous knowledge: 

Experience has shown that to effectively reach the farmers and to create viable watershed management options, it is important to respect 

indigenous knowledge and combine it with the formal modern science and technology. Local traditional institutions should be part and parcel 

of the process. For instance, there is a lot of under‐used indigenous knowledge about climate, soils, biodiversity and other production 

conditions that confront farmers. A lot of research findings are abstract to extension providers and farmers alike. Such findings need to be 

married with indigenous knowledge and disseminated in a language that farmers and members of traditional institutions can understand. 


7.2 Plans For Project management: 


The Project management of any watershed programme is very important. It mainly depends upon the community organization and the village 

level institutes. In both Kumbhariya and Khakhrechi, watershed committee and various user groups have been formulated for post project 

operation and maintenance of assets created during project period. Major emphasis will be on equity and sustainable benefit of the project 

even after implementation stage. A proper link‐up will be built during project period with various institutes and capacity building organization. 

They will act as a major kingpin during post implementation for scaling up the successful experience during project. 

Watershed Development Fund: 

Such contributions will promote feeling of “ownership” of the programme among stakeholders. This will contribute to sustainable outcomes in 

the long‐term. The voluntary contributions are saved in the Watershed Development Fund (WDF) that is to be used for repair, maintenance 

and use of assets created on common land. The contribution of it will comes mainly fund the following: 

7.3 Details of Watershed Development Fund(WDF) 

Sr. No Financial Details Percent Contribution 

1 Natural Resource Management 

2 For General 10% 

3 For SC/ST 5% 

4 For Intensive Agriculture, Horticulture and animal Husbandry 

5 For General 40% 

6 For SC/ST 20% 

It is planned that for SC/ST, BPL population the contribution will be taken in form of voluntary labour and the fund for labour will be diverted to 

the WDF. 

7.4 User Charges: 

Various user groups will be formed in village. These user groups will collect user charges according to the designated rules formed 

during the formation of user group. These funds will be transferred to the WDF funds as per these formulated rules. The secretary of watershed 

committee (WC) shall maintain the records of the following. 


7.5 Map of Project Village

IWMPâ3, KESHOD - Commissionerate of Rural Development ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?

IWMPâ3, KESHOD - Commissionerate of Rural Development ...