UNDRIP Report - English FINAL - International Forum on Globalization

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Tom Goldtooth of the Indigenous Environmental Network responded by saying that he believes that if we all start mobilizing indigenous peoples throughout the world we can start “a new path of unification around our own solutions to all of the issues.” He added that the language about sustainable development is inside the Declaration, and this is a critical fact that the United States overlooked. Goldtooth summarized that everyone agreed that <strong>UNDRIP</strong> is a tool, but not everyone agreed on <strong>UNDRIP</strong> word for word. He thinks that organizing and base building are key to using <strong>UNDRIP</strong> as a tool regionally. Goldtooth said that within the Canadian Tar Sands campaign the “Anglo NGOs” are raising between $7 and $10 million on the campaign. The First Nations group that is most affected by the Tar Sands projects are not getting any share of these funds for indigenous organizing, he stated. There are many inequities when it comes to money that is raised not going to indigenous organizing, when they are the ones who hold a lot of the challenges. “This is a capacity issue,” Goldtooth added. He then told a story of a meeting with a group of funders at which one funder said that it doesn’t make sense to put their money into organizing the marginalized. He stated that this is a common feeling from funders. Daphne Wysham of the Institute for Policy Studies stated that it was her understanding that oil palm production in Indonesia started as a result of a conditionality that was placed on Indonesia by the World Bank and the IMF. The conditionality was that Indonesia had to develop oil palm in order to receive additional loans from the World Bank and the IMF. Wysham asked if anyone had examined the forest carbon impacts of the past bank loans and conditionalities, and then compared that to the forest carbon that people are imagining they will preserve with the Forest Carbon Partnership. She believes that this would be a good way to expose the hypocrisy. Wysham also asked if proposals for trading in biodiversity are coming to the surface, just as trading in carbon and water is “now on the table.” She wanted to know if there is discussion of trading in endangered species. She mentioned that the Katumba Group had been working on issues like this. John Fitzgerald answered Wysham’s question, saying that most of the trade in rare, threatened, or endangered wildlife is under the Convention on <strong>International</strong> Trade on Endangered Species. Fitzgerald believes that the CBD needs to address trade in wildlife that is not already threatened or endangered, to ensure that that trade is truly sustainable. Fitzgerald said that he believes that the CBD has avoided this issue. He thought that by applying the two treaties, all trade in wildlife products would be made sustainable. Daphne Wysham stopped Fitzgerald to state that what she meant to ask was if there are proposals for the commodification of endangered species. She gave an example: “You say you want to preserve X number of endangered species, therefore you can kill this number of tigers over here.” John Fitzgerald said that he does not have the answer to Wysham’s question, but he does know that similarly, in the US, the Bush administration has imposed a change in the implementation of the Endangered Species Act. This change will allow more biodiversity to be taken out of public lands in the hope that private land agreements can make up for it. Tom Kruse of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund added that the commodification of biodiversity has happened as a way to try to write down part of Bolivia’s external debt. In the early 1990s, Bolivia agreed to protect part of one of their national parks in perpetuity, as long as the Fund agreed to remove part of its debt. Jill Blockhus of The Nature Conservancy mentioned the Katumba Group’s role in this issue. The Katumba Group is based out of Forest Trends. It is a global group that meets to talk about trade. It monitors and promotes trade in biodiversity, water, and carbon offsets, Blockhus explained. It has developed what it calls the “Development Marketplace,” which is an information center used to evaluate what is being done to share knowledge on these topics, similar to the Bloomberg Index. Tom Goldtooth added that he had read an article that discussed the idea of commodifying biodiversity—the more endangered a species, the higher the monetary value it had as a commodity. Roman Czebiniak of Greenpeace <strong>International</strong> said, “Most of the parties at the UNFCCC aren’t particularly concerned about biodiversity and social 31
and indigenous issues.” He told the group about attending a meeting at the World Bank that the Forest Carbon Partnership was facilitating. Someone asked why their group was only focusing on carbon and why not on biodiversity and indigenous issues. The facilitator answered, “Well our donors won’t pay for any of that,” Czebiniak told the group. “It’s carbon being traded for carbon,” declared Czebiniak. He added that there are some thoughts in the voluntary markets to link social and biodiversity benefits to the trade of carbon, but he explained that that discussion does not seem to have much weight in the Bank or in the UN climate negotiations. Chief Kokoi believes that there needs to be more organizing between regional bodies when they meet. When people meet at the <strong>International</strong> Indigenous <strong>Forum</strong> on Biodiversity, there needs to be a reexamining of leadership within that body and a focus on incorporating the voices of everyone into the decisions on the group’s positions on issues, he stated. This will help give the group more focus and direction and will prevent further division among indigenous peoples. Victoria Tauli-Corpuz stated that there is a big difference between the CBD and the Convention on Climate Change: The UNFCCC is very closed compared to the CBD. She said that someone told her that this difference is because there are targets in the UNFCCC, and countries have to meet their targets. The reason for the closed nature of the UNFCCC is that governments do not like others to be interfering with these legally binding contracts, Tauli-Corpuz believes. The solution, she added, is for indigenous peoples to organize through the various regional summits and to come up with a plan on how to approach the various processes. The UN Permanent <strong>Forum</strong> will also publish a report on the local adaptation and mitigation measures of indigenous peoples, in order to show the world that “we are the ones adapting,” Tauli-Corpuz exclaimed. She continued that indigenous peoples have been adapting throughout history and they will continue to adapt. She said that indigenous peoples have also mitigated the removal of oil and gas and minerals from the ground and kept the trees in the forests. She stated that, “We have contributed more than anybody else in mitigating climate change.” Tauli-Corpuz explained that the next move that Tebtebba is trying to make is to establish a chapter on indigenous peoples in the Intergovernmental Chapter on Climate Change. She told the group that they had already warned the scientists not to use their current standards in their peer review because indigenous peoples have their own epistemologies, worldviews, and indicators, and scientists should respect this kind of a framework that indigenous peoples will bring into the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reports. With these changes, Tauli-Corpuz hopes that the Convention on Climate Change with then be able to consider indigenous peoples as major stakeholders in the decisions. She added that finally indigenous peoples’ rights and concerns are really broad because indigenous peoples and local communities have been included in Bali Action Plan, under the Mitigation Measures under REDD. “Of course, it’s not really a good idea that we came in because of REDD,” she concedes, “but still, I mean, we are there now, officially in the document, and there are already submissions from many governments regarding the rights of indigenous peoples, as far as these mitigation processes are concerned.” Tauli-Corpuz concluded that Tebtebba is seeking support from everyone in the meeting because this task will require a lot of documentation, research, and publicizing. Through this work, she thinks that, “We can really break the walls on the Convention on Climate Change.” Regarding Wysham’s question on trade in the CBD, Tauli-Corpuz continued, there is the Forest Stewardship Council, which performs the certification of sustainably logged trees, which are actually alive because, as many of the examples from Malaysia prove, the trees are not actually sustainably logged. These certification schemes need to be studied further to explore the good and bad and expose the truth. This would help us sharpen our argument that these processes are leading to the further commodification of nature, Tauli-Corpuz believes. “The biggest thing now is access and benefit sharing,” Tauli-Corpuz said. She feels that access and benefit sharing is really a trade issue, and the question is who has access to the biodiversity and the traditional knowledge that comes along with that. Also, there is the question of who is going to benefit and how will the benefits be shared. In conjunction with access and benefit sharing comes the issue of intellectual property rights, Tauli-Corpuz mentioned. 32
Page 1 and 2: [Strategy Session] IMPLEMENTING THE
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Page 5 and 6: INT ROD UCT IO N Victor Menotti of
Page 7 and 8: determine the Alliance’s prioriti
Page 9 and 10: spiritual practices that are not bu
Page 11 and 12: Discussion Trevor Stevenson of the
Page 13 and 14: utilize members of the indigenous S
Page 15 and 16: their rights had been violated when
Page 17 and 18: their climate change impact, and ar
Page 19 and 20: change conference in Bali, Indonesi
Page 21 and 22: concerns and explaining why they we
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Page 25 and 26: plantations, due to the increase in
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Page 29 and 30: many times that they can shut down
Page 31 and 32: implementation of the different pro
Page 33: implementation of UNDRIP</s
Page 37 and 38: Indigenous peoples also took part i
Page 39 and 40: Secondly, Ole Simel made the point
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Page 43 and 44: measure, would never be able to do
Page 45 and 46: Jintiach finished by saying that al
Page 47 and 48: industry, and about twenty percent
Page 49 and 50: discussion came up in Accra, and th
Page 51 and 52: end he was challenged on whether No
Page 53 and 54: to be very attentive to the argumen
Page 55 and 56: about it. “Even if you are a nati
Page 57 and 58: could [potentially] generate $50 bi
Page 59 and 60: Discussion Athena Ballesteros of th
Page 61 and 62: change and by which they are mitiga
Page 63 and 64: In response to Tom Goldtooth’s st
Page 65 and 66: although the IFIP can be a champion
Page 67 and 68: their lands and natural resources.
Page 69 and 70: lawyers who work pro-bono in ”dev
Page 71 and 72: that if it takes a network for this
Page 73 and 74: indigenous delegation and articulat
Page 75 and 76: Aaron Goldzimer of the Environmenta
Page 77 and 78: what they were doing was trying to
Page 79 and 80: participants to coordinate with oth
Page 81 and 82: LIST OF PA RTICI PA N TS Brazil Ms.
Page 83 and 84: United States Mr. David Gordon Paci
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UNI TED NA TI ON S DE CL AR A TI ON
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Recognizing that the situation of i
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histories and aspirations which sha
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2. Unless otherwise freely agreed u
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Article 42! The United Nations, its
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