UNDRIP Report - English FINAL - International Forum on Globalization

could [potentially] generate $50 billion or so of
revenue,” Waskow said. “A lot is dependent of
course on the price of carbon, but there is an
opportunity through these set-asides to generate
massive amounts of revenue,” he added.
Oxfam is also going to be supporting proposals to
generate revenue in the international aviation and
maritime sectors, particularly through the auctioning
of allowances in those sectors. Right now,
international flights and shipping do not fall within
any international emissions system, but by pulling
them into an emission system and auctioning off
those allowances, Oxfam estimates they can generate
another $20 billion or so of revenue.
On the delivery side, Waskow believes that one of
the critical questions is how to design an institutional
structure that is going to be responsive to
communities on the ground. “Right now, even with
the adaptation fund, which is a fairly new body,
where there is a majority representative of
developing countries on the board, even there,
questions of community participation, indigenous
peoples’ participation, have not really been on the
agenda,” he said. “I think one of the tasks we have in
front of us, even in the scenario where the overall
nation-state balance is more appropriate that has
been the case in all other multilateral governance
structures, we still have to figure out how to inject
these questions of participatory governance into the
mix,” Waskow concluded.
Jake Schmidt, <strong>International</strong> Climate Policy director
at Natural Resources Defense Council, began his
presentation by saying that we made some
fundamental breakthroughs in the Bali Agreement,
laying the foundation. One of these that he believes
to be really crucial is the idea that we need to scale
up the investments, resources, and opportunities
flowing from North to South. “We have had this
promise in lots of international agreements for a
long, long time, and, quite frankly, there has been a
very little amount of money that has actually flowed
there,” he said. “[However],” Schmidt continued, “I
think that there is a growing sense that we need a
scaled up set of resources that need to flow from
developed to developing countries to assist in the
transition for sustainable development, such as clean
energy. The good news is that it is there. It is on the
table.”
Although the Bali Road Map has the specific
language that NGOs agree is essential for financing
climate change, that does not mean the mechanisms
are there to deliver on it, Schmidt warned. “As we all
know, an international agreement is only as strong as
the mechanisms that people put forward in their
national governments and in the international forum
to deliver upon it. Words themselves have no
meaning unless there is substance behind them,”
Schmidt said. He thinks that it is really crucial over
the next year and a half to put forward the
mechanisms to actually deliver on the proposals.
Schmidt said one thing to always keep in mind as
you are thinking about the framework of these
approaches is that “for better or worse, the climate
agreements are government-to-government
agreements. We, as NGOs,try to shape those
governments’ perspectives, and you indigenous
peoples should also try to shape governments’
perspectives. But if you were to ask me what my
ideal solution would be to climate change, I would
say that it would not come out of Copenhagen.” He
said that we are nowhere near to what is ideal.
Schmidt said we have to work within the mechanism
we have, and the mechanism we have right now is
government. “It doesn’t mean that you can’t
influence it,” he said. “I think that you can influence
it in two very important ways.” One is through your
national government. Governments sometimes come
to these negotiations with a mandate and sometimes
without one. “There is a way to shape that mandate
so that when governments go to the negotiations,
their mandate is reflecting your views as indigenous
peoples,” Schmidt claimed. The other thing Schmidt
mentioned is to shed light at the international level.
“There is always the opportunity to provide
interventions on behalf of the rights of indigenous
peoples on some of these key mechanisms, and that
is really crucial, but I would warn that as we go into
Copenhagen, we are a bit beyond the ideas,” he said.
Schmidt also highlighted the need to bring specific
bullet points of ideas, to get language fleshed out,
because, he believes, starting to come out of the
agreement in Poznan will start to come detailed text.
The agreement is going to begin to take shape. “So if
you have input on what pieces you want, time is not
on our side to develop that language,” he said.
Schmidt then laid out the way that he thinks the
agreement is being fleshed out:
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