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Asymptotic Methods in Statistical Inference - Statistics Centre

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163<br />

• For the measure (18.1) we typically have ( ) →<br />

Φ(), and this holds as well if ( ) is replaced by<br />

a consistent estimate such as ( ˆ ). In such a<br />

situation we could use Φ() as an estimate of<br />

( ). This is certa<strong>in</strong>ly easier than estimat<strong>in</strong>g<br />

( )by ( ˆ ) and approximat<strong>in</strong>g the latter<br />

by ∗ <br />

. Which is more accurate?<br />

• More generally, <strong>in</strong> our discussion of the bootstrap<br />

we are tak<strong>in</strong>g limits over both and <strong>in</strong> order to<br />

estimate ( ). But typically ( ) → ( ),<br />

and then the theory of the last few lectures tells<br />

us that this limit ( ) can be estimated by the<br />

plug-<strong>in</strong> estimate ³ ˆ ´, with error <br />

³<br />

<br />

−12´.<br />

In this case the error <strong>in</strong> estimat<strong>in</strong>g ( )is<br />

0<br />

<br />

= ³ ˆ ´<br />

− ( )<br />

= h ³ ˆ ´<br />

− ( )<br />

i<br />

− [ ( ) − ( )]<br />

= <br />

³<br />

<br />

−12´ − [ ( ) − ( )]

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