here - Stefan-Marr.de

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I N T R O D U C T I O N
During recent years, multicore processors have become available in a majority
of commodity hardware systems such as smartphones, laptops, and workstations.
However, threads, locks, message passing, and other concurrent and
parallel programming techniques continue to remain the tools of specialists
for system programming or high-performance computing, because they are
considered to be too complex and too hard to manage for application developers.
However, these techniques become increasingly important for the
development of mobile and desktop applications, since it becomes mandatory
to exploit parallelism at the application level in order to achieve desired
performance levels on modern hardware.
At the same time, managed languages, i. e., high-level programming languages
on top of virtual machines (VMs), have become ubiquitous. The range
of devices that utilize such general-purpose platforms grew steadily over the
last decade, enabling the same application to run on wristwatches, phones,
tablet devices, laptops, workstations, servers, and clusters. In addition, improvements
in runtime technologies such as just-in-time compilation and automatic
memory management widened the range of possible applications on
top of these VMs. Eventually, this led to ecosystems emerging around multilanguage
VMs such as the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and the Common Language
Infrastructure (CLI). Supported by growing ecosystems, these VMs became
the target platform of choice in many application domains.
However, research has not reconciled these two trends have so far. While,
the complexity of concurrent and parallel programming inspired a wide range
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