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3.2. A Survey of Parallel and Concurrent Programming Concepts
Table 3.3.: Survey Subjects: Languages and Papers
Active Objects [Lavender and Schmidt, 1996] JCSP [Welch et al., 2007]
Ada Java 7 [Gosling et al., 2012]
Aida [Lublinerman et al., 2011] Java Views [Demsky and Lam, 2010]
Alice Join Java [Itzstein and Jasiunas, 2003]
AmbientTalk [Van Cutsem et al., 2007] Linda [Gelernter, 1985]
Ateji PX MPI [Message Passing Interface Forum, 2009]
Axum MapReduce [Lämmel, 2008]
Briot et al. [1998] MultiLisp [Halstead, Jr., 1985]
C# Occam-pi [Welch and Barnes, 2005]
C/C++11 [ISO, 2011, 2012]
OpenCL
Chapel OpenMP [OpenMP Architecture Review Board, 2011]
Charm++ Orleans [Bykov et al., 2011]
Cilk [Blumofe et al., 1995] Oz [Mehl, 1999]
Clojure Parallel Actor Monitors [Scholliers et al., 2010]
CoBoxes [Schäfer and Poetzsch-Heffter, 2010] Parallel Prolog [De Bosschere, 1997; Gupta et al., 2001]
Concurrent Haskell Reactive Objects [Nordlander et al., 2002]
Concurrent ML [Reppy et al., 2009] SCOOP [Morandi et al., 2008]
Concurrent Objects [Herlihy, 1993] STM [Shavit and Touitou, 1995a]
Concurrent Pascal Skillicorn and Talia [1998]
Concurrent Smalltalk [Yokote, 1990] Sly [Ungar and Adams, 2010]
Erlang [Armstrong, 2007] StreamIt [Thies et al., 2002]
Fortran 2008
Swing
Fortress UPC [UPC Consortium, 2005]
Go X10 [Charles et al., 2005]
Io
XC
Thus, common libraries and extensions for these languages are considered as
separate subjects.
3.2.2. Results
The analysis of the subjects given in Tab. 3.3 resulted in 97 identified concepts.
Since most of them are accepted concepts in the literature and major ones
have been covered in Sec. 2.4, this section restricts their discussion to the results
of the survey questions. As mentioned earlier, some concept variations
have been considered together as a single concept. For example, the distinct
concepts of monitors and semaphores, have been regarded as part of locks
in this survey. Similarly, the concept of parallel bulk operations also covers the
concept of parallel loops for the purpose of this discussion, because both are
similar enough and have closely related implementation strategies. With these
subsumptions, Tab. 3.4 needs to cover only the 66 major concepts and their respective
survey results. See Tab. 3.5 for the details about which concepts have
been considered together.
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