20130412164339753295_book_an-introduction-to-political-communication

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POLITICAL PUBLIC RELATIONS nothing said in briefings could be attributed to her personally. John Biffen, Leon Brittan, and Nigel Lawson were among those ministers who in the 1980s found their credibility and positions threatened in this way. Nigel Lawson, indeed, went so far as to accuse Number 10 and Ingham of ‘black propaganda’ in their dealings with him (Harris, 1991, p. 176). In his memoirs and elsewhere, Ingham denies that he ever used the Lobby system, or any of the communication channels available to him, in an improper way. There can be no doubt, however, that the Thatcher–Ingham era was accompanied by an unprecedented centralisation and politicisation of the governmental communication apparatus, the potential for abuse of which was of concern to many, Right and Left on the political spectrum, not least as the previous section suggested, because the even more centralised, even more ruthlessly politicised governmental information system of the Blair government could and does claim a precedent for its approach in the Thatcher years. As for the development of prime ministerial public relations under the Blair–Campbell regime, there were some important positive changes in the direction of openness. After November 1997 Lobby briefings were no longer entirely anonymous, but could be attributed to Campbell, as Blair’s official spokesman. Lobby journalists and political commentators have generally welcomed these changes and others such as the introduction of prime ministerial press briefings. For example, on 4 September 2002 Tony Blair used such an occasion to communicate to an international audience UK policy on Iraq. More worryingly for some, Campbell brought his aggressive style of news management from opposition – where it was used to great effect to woo the hitherto Tory press (see Chapter 4) – into government where, as in the Thatcher–Ingham years, it was as likely to be used against Labour ministers as opposition politicians or the BBC. Regarding his regular spats with the latter organisation, Campbell wrote in a 1997 article that ‘the media is aggressive and it often requires aggressive argument in return’. 13 In this respect he proved a more than worthy successor to Sir Bernard in his rough handling of the journalists, right up to his resignation in August 2003. Thereafter the Labour government adopted a more restrained, lower profile style of communications direction, as did Gordon Brown and David Cameron, first in opposition and then in government from May 2010. As Andy Coulson took up the post of the new government’s communications director, Alistair Campbell was reborn as a media pundit on political communication. 149
COMMUNICATING POLITICS Further reading Lively accounts of New Labour’s approach to political public relations can be found in Nicholas Jones’ Soundbites and Spin Doctors (1995), Campaign 97 (1997) and Campaign 2001 (2001). Alistair Campbell’s diaries (2007, 2010) tell the story from the inside. See too Peter Mandelson’s account of the New Labour era, The Third Man (2010). US media consultant Dick Morris’ account of his work for the Clinton administration is set out in Behind the Oval Office (1997). 150
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AN INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL COMMUN
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GETTING THE MESSAGE News, truth and
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AN INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL COMMUN
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First published 1995 by Routledge S
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FOR RAYMOND AND JANINE
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CONTENTS 10 Conclusion: performance
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PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In his
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PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS produc
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PREFACE TO THE FIFTH EDITION democr
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Part I POLITICS IN THE AGE OF MEDIA
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Table 4.2 Party political affiliati
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6 PARTY POLITICAL COMMUNICATION I A
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ADVERTISING controls the encoding o
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ADVERTISING margarine is more than
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ADVERTISING Political advertising i
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ADVERTISING Bush. Ronald Reagan’s
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ADVERTISING The manifest emotionali
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ADVERTISING Another negative spot b
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POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN A GLOBAL
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CONCLUSION The revolution in the
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CONCLUSION extent that good politic
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NOTES 1 POLITICS IN THE AGE OF MEDI
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NOTES strongly in favour of the Con
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NOTES 1986; Tilson, 1994). For a de
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BIBLIOGRAPHY —— The British Gen
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Graber, D. A., ‘Poli
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BIBLIOGRAPHY —— ‘Television N
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Schlesinger, P., Putti
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INDEX The Alistair Campbell Diaries
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INDEX Macarthur, J. R. 195-7 MacAsk
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