Research on Eco-Towns in Japan - UNEP
Research on Eco-Towns in Japan - UNEP
Research on Eco-Towns in Japan - UNEP
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2. Overview of <strong>Eco</strong>-<strong>Towns</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Japan</strong><br />
enacted the “Law <strong>on</strong> Promot<strong>in</strong>g Green Purchas<strong>in</strong>g” to <strong>in</strong>stituti<strong>on</strong>alize the purchas<strong>in</strong>g<br />
standards of bus<strong>in</strong>ess entities, and has promoted the ris<strong>in</strong>g c<strong>on</strong>cern over Corporate Social<br />
Resp<strong>on</strong>sibility (CSR) am<strong>on</strong>g c<strong>on</strong>sumers and enterprises. The government has also<br />
strengthened and eased regulati<strong>on</strong>s for proper treatment of waste.<br />
2-2-1 Subsidy Systems<br />
METI, with the support from MoE, establish the subsidy system for <strong>Eco</strong>-Town projects <strong>in</strong><br />
1997. Kawasaki City, Iida City (Nagano Prefecture), Kani City (Gifu Prefecture), and<br />
Kitakyushu City were approved as <strong>Eco</strong>-<strong>Towns</strong> <strong>in</strong> the first year, and various recycl<strong>in</strong>g facilities<br />
were built <strong>in</strong> the cities. S<strong>in</strong>ce then twenty three cities have been approved as <strong>Eco</strong>-<strong>Towns</strong> by<br />
March 2005 and received subsidies (see table.2-1, fig.2-2). There are two types of subsidy<br />
schemes of <strong>Eco</strong>-<strong>Towns</strong> -hardware projects subsidy and software projects subsidy.<br />
Hardware projects subusidies are applied for effective and stable recycle or reuse projects <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Eco</strong>-<strong>Towns</strong>. One-third of the cost (half of the cost when the project is particularly <strong>in</strong>novative)<br />
is subsidized. Software projects <strong>in</strong>clude <strong>Eco</strong>-Town plann<strong>in</strong>g, mesena projects, regi<strong>on</strong>al<br />
<strong>in</strong>formati<strong>on</strong> projects and so <strong>on</strong>. Software projects subsidies are below <strong>on</strong>e half of the total<br />
c<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong> costs. The total budget for <strong>Eco</strong>-Town projects amounts to JPY 1.54 billi<strong>on</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />
2004. (See Table 2-2, 2-3.)<br />
FY1997<br />
FY1998<br />
FY1999<br />
FY2000<br />
FY2001<br />
FY2002<br />
FY2003<br />
FY2004<br />
Table.2-1 <strong>Eco</strong>-<strong>Towns</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Japan</strong><br />
Iida City (Nagano Prefecture), Kawasaki City, Kitakyushu City, Gifu Prefecture<br />
Oomuta City (Fukuoka Prefecture), Sapporo City, Chiba City/Chiba Prefecture<br />
Akita Prefecture, Uguisuzawa Town (Miyagi Prefecture)<br />
Hokkaido, Hiroshima Prefecture, Kochi City (Kochi Prefecture), M<strong>in</strong>amata City<br />
(Kumamoto Prefecture)<br />
Yamaguchi Prefecture, Naoshima Town (Kagawa Prefecture)<br />
Toyama City (Toyama Prefecture), Aomori Prefecture<br />
Hyogo Prefecture, Tokyo, Okayama Prefecture<br />
Kamaishi Town (Iwate Prefecture), Aichi Prefecture, Suzuka city (Mie Prefecture)<br />
7
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