An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea

In the superfamily Aselloidea, the family Atlantasellidae
has been removed. Brusca and Wilson
(1991) suggested its removal to the Microcerberoidea,
where we have placed it. Although Roman and
Dalens (1999) treat the family Microcerberidae as
a member of the Aselloidea, we are keeping it in its
own suborder (Microcerberidea) and superfamily
(Microcerberoidea) as per Bowman and Abele
(1982) (as noted earlier). Thus, the Aselloidea presently
contains only the Asellidae and Stenasellidae.
The superfamily Stenetrioidea now contains the
Pseudojaniridae (as noted above), although Roman
and Dalens (1999) have kept it at one family, the
Stenetriidae.
Within the enormous superfamily Janiroidea, the
Abyssianiridae was removed (incorporated into the
Paramunnidae) following Just (1990). Species formerly
within that family are now considered to belong
to the Paramunnidae. The former families Eurycopidae,
Ilyarachnidae, and Munnopsididae are
now considered subfamilies of the Munnopsididae
(Wilson, 1989). The Microparasellidae is apparently
polyphyletic; ‘‘some taxa may be moved to the
Vermectiadidae or put in a new family; Microparasellus
will stay in the Janiroidea’’ (Wilson, pers.
comm.). The Janiridae was shown to be nonmonophyletic
by Wilson (1994) but remains a valid
family; some of its genera will eventually be reassigned
to other families. The Katianiridae was described
by Svavarsson (1987). Although the family
Pleurogoniidae is recognized by some workers (e.g.,
Roman and Dalens, 1999), we have removed it at
the suggestion that it is a junior synonym of the
Paramunnidae (G. Poore, pers. comm.; G. Wilson,
pers. comm.). The family Pseudomesidae was sunk
into the Desmosomatidae by Svavarsson (1984).
Although the family Santiidae is credited to Kussakin
(1988) by many workers (e.g., Wolff, 1989),
it was first used (in a figure) by Wilson (1987). In
Wilson’s (1987) paper, he acknowledges Fresi et al.
(1980) as the source for one of the phylogenetic
trees in that paper (Wilson’s fig. 5B). However, Fresi
et al. (1980) did not include the Santiidae in their
figure; it was apparently added (and therefore first
used) by Wilson (1987). Thus, we have credited the
family Santiidae to Wilson. Cohen (1998), in his
review of the family Dendrotiidae, explains why
this spelling of the family name is preferred over
Dendrotionidae (used by Lincoln and Boxshall,
1983). Interested workers should also consult Roman
and Dalens (1999), whose list of families differs
from ours in several respects.
The superfamily Protallocoxoidea and family
Protallocoxidae were removed per G. Wilson (pers.
comm.).
The superfamily Gnathostenetroidoidea contains
the families Gnathostenetroididae and Protojaniridae
(following Roman and Dalens, 1999). Additionally,
the interesting family Vermectiadidae was
described by Just and Poore (1992), and our tentative
inclusion of the vermectiadids in the superfamily
Gnathostenetroidoidea is based mostly on
the recommendation of R. Brusca (pers. comm.).
SUBORDER CALABAZOIDA
This family (Calabozoidae) and its suborder were
erected by Van Lieshout (1983). Brusca and Wilson
(1991) suggest that the calabazoids are oniscideans
and so they should probably be moved, but we
have not done so in this classification. Wägele
(pers. comm.) points out that the ending -oidea
should be reserved for superfamilies and suggested
that we change the spelling of the suborder to Calabazoida,
which we have done.
SUBORDER VALVIFERA
Within the Valvifera, several families have been
added since the Bowman and Abele (1982) classification.
The family Austrarcturellidae was described
by Poore and Bardsley (1992), and the families
Antarcturidae, Arcturididae, and Rectarcturidae
were added by Poore (2001b). Poore (2001b)
also recognized the Holidoteidae, crediting it to
Wägele (1989), who first suggested it as a subfamily.
Current research shows that the family Amesopodidae
is probably a junior synonym of the Arcturidae
(G. Poore, G. Wilson, pers. comm.), and so
we have removed it, although the family was listed
by Roman and Dalens (1999), who did not list the
Austrarcturellidae. Thus, we recognize 11 families,
4 more than did Bowman and Abele (1982). The
family Arcturidae, credited by Bowman and Abele
(1982) to Sars, is correctly credited to Dana (1849),
and the family Idoteidae is correctly attributed to
Samouelle (G. Poore, pers. comm.).
SUBORDER EPICARIDEA
Wägele (1989, pers. comm.) suggested that all of
the epicaridean families we have listed should be
treated as families or subfamilies of the Cymothoida
Leach (see above). We have not made this rather
radical change and instead have followed the more
conservative classification given by Trilles (1999).
Trilles (1999) divides the epicaridean families into
two sections, Bopyrina and Cryptoniscina, which
we have treated as superfamilies (Bopyroidea and
Cryptoniscoidea) to allow a more consistent spelling
and in keeping with our treatments of other
peracarid groups. In the Bopyroidea are the three
families Bopyridae, Dajidae, and Entoniscidae (all
of which were listed by Bowman and Abele, 1982).
In the section (now superfamily) Cryptoniscoidea,
Trilles (1999) treats an additional eight families not
listed by Bowman and Abele (1982); the family Liriopsidae
has been deleted (see arguments in Grygier
and Bowman, 1990, 1991; Trilles, 1999). Thus, 11
epicaridean families are recognized. The families
added since Bowman and Abele (1982) are not
newly described families but instead represent recognition
of formerly described families that were
treated in the past, at least by some authors, as
40 Contributions in Science, Number 39 Rationale