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4.2 Hard magnetic materials

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Crystalline structure of R 2 Fe 14 B<br />

NdFeB magnets<br />

I-T curves for R 2 Fe 14 B<br />

s I<br />

Nucleation type magnets<br />

Magnetization reversal in sintered 2-14-1 magnets<br />

occurs by nucleation and growth of reversal domains.<br />

According to Kronmuller the coercivity is given by<br />

2Ku<br />

IHC = aKa eff<br />

Ψ<br />

−N I<br />

Is<br />

Here, a K describes the micro<strong>magnetic</strong> effects of anisotropy, wall width, and inhomogeneity size;<br />

a ψ describes the effects of grain misallignment. These two factors differ depending on whether wall<br />

motion is limited by pinning or nucleation. Experiments support nuclation form of this model.

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