Raptors Conservation ПЕРНАТЫЕ ХИЩНИКИ И ИХ ОХРАНА 2011 ...

26 Ïåðíàòûå õèùíèêè è èõ îõðàíà 2011, 23 Ñîáûòèÿ
îïîð, òðàâåðñ, èçîëÿòîðîâ è ïðîâîäîâ, àíàëîãè÷íûå
ïòèöåîïàñíûì êîíñòðóêöèÿì ÂË ñðåäíåé ìîùíîñòè);
6) îñóùåñòâëÿòü ñâîáîäíûé îáìåí èíôîðìàöèåé è
ïðàêòè÷åñêèì îïûòîì â îáëàñòè ïðèìåíåíèÿ ñîâðåìåííûõ
ñðåäñòâ è òåõíîëîãèé îáåñïå÷åíèÿ îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêîé
áåçîïàñíîñòè ËÝÏ (ýëåêòðîñåòåâûõ îáúåêòîâ) è
èíûõ ýëåêòðîóñòàíîâîê (ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêèõ îáúåêòîâ);
7) äîáèâàòüñÿ îáÿçàòåëüíîãî âêëþ÷åíèÿ îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêîé
ýêñïåðòèçû â ÎÂÎÑ ïðîåêòèðóåìûõ ËÝÏ,
îïèðàþùåéñÿ íà ÷åòûð¸õðàçîâûå èññëåäîâàíèÿ
(îõâàòûâàþùèå ïåðèîäû ñåçîííûõ ìèãðàöèé, ãíåçäîâàíèÿ,
çèìîâîê) ñ ïðåäâàðèòåëüíûìè ðåêîìåíäàöèÿìè
ïî ðàñïîëîæåíèþ îïîð, îðèåíòàöèè ëèíèé
ýëåêòðîïåðåäà÷è è ïðîâåäåíèþ ïòèöåçàùèòíûõ ìåðîïðèÿòèé,
à òàêæå èñïîëüçîâàíèþ ïðèñïîñîáëåíèé,
ïðèâëåêàþùèõ èëè îòâëåêàþùèõ ïòèö (èñêóññòâåííûå
ãíåçäîâüÿ, ïðèñàäû è ò.ï.);
8) ïðè ïîäãîòîâêå íîâûõ èçäàíèé íàöèîíàëüíûõ è
ðåãèîíàëüíûõ Êðàñíûõ êíèã âíåñòè â íèõ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå
óêàçàíèÿ íà íåîáõîäèìîñòü ïðîâåäåíèÿ çàùèòíûõ
ìåðîïðèÿòèé íà ïòèöåîïàñíûõ ËÝÏ, ðàñïîëîæåííûõ
â ìåñòàõ îáèòàíèÿ «êðàñíîêíèæíûõ» âèäîâ
ïòèö, èñïîëüçóþùèõ îïîðû ËÝÏ â êà÷åñòâå ïðèñàäû
èëè ãíåçäîâîãî ñóáñòðàòà («ËÝÏ-óÿçâèìûõ» âèäîâ);
9) îáîáùèòü ìèðîâîé îïûò ïî îïòèìèçàöèè âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ
ïòèö ñ ËÝÏ (ýëåêòðîóñòàíîâêàìè, ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêèìè
îáúåêòàìè) è èçäàòü ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå
ïîñîáèÿ äëÿ ïðîåêòèðîâùèêîâ, ñòðîèòåëåé è âëàäåëüöåâ
ËÝÏ (ýêñïëóàòèðóþùèõ îðãàíèçàöèé);
10) äëÿ íàêîïëåíèÿ è òèðàæèðîâàíèÿ îïûòà èññëåäîâàíèé,
à òàêæå ìàññèâà çíàíèé ïî ïðîáëåìå, ñ÷èòàòü
ïðèîðèòåòíûìè:
- èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïî îöåíêå îïàñíîñòè ðàçíûõ òèïîâ
ËÝÏ â ðàçëè÷íûõ çîíàõ è ëàíäøàôòàõ, îñîáåííî íà
ÎÎÏÒ è êëþ÷åâûõ îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêèõ òåððèòîðèÿõ;
- ìîíèòîðèíã è èçó÷åíèå ïîïóëÿöèé ËÝÏ-óÿçâèìûõ
âèäîâ, îñîáåííî âèäîâ, ñòðåìèòåëüíî ñîêðàùàþùèõ
÷èñëåííîñòü â ãëîáàëüíîì ìàñøòàáå – ñòåïíîãî îðëà
(Aquila nipalensis) è áàëîáàíà (Falco cherrug);
11) êîíñòàòèðîâàòü íå òîëüêî íåãàòèâíîå âîçäåéñòâèå
ËÝÏ íà ïòèö, íî è, ïðè îïðåäåë¸ííûõ óñëîâèÿõ, ïîçèòèâíîå
èõ çíà÷åíèå (êàê èñêóññòâåííûõ àíàëîãîâ äðåâåñíîé
ðàñòèòåëüíîñòè â îòêðûòûõ ëàíäøàôòàõ) äëÿ ãíåçäîâàíèÿ
è îòäûõà ïòèö, ïðåæäå âñåãî ðåäêèõ âèäîâ.
Ó÷àñòíèêè Ñåìèíàðà ñ÷èòàþò òàêæå öåëåñîîáðàçíûì:
1) îáðàòèòüñÿ â Ïðàâèòåëüñòâî Ðîññèéñêîé Ôåäåðàöèè
ñ ïðåäëîæåíèåì î ðàçðàáîòêå è ðåàëèçàöèè
ôåäåðàëüíîé öåëåâîé ïðîãðàììû ïî ïðåäîòâðàùåíèþ
ãèáåëè ðåäêèõ âèäîâ ïòèö íà ËÝÏ ñðåäíåé
ìîùíîñòè;
2) îáðàòèòüñÿ â ÎÀÎ «Õîëäèíã ÌÐÑÊ» ñ ïðåäëîæåíèåì
î âûïîëíåíèè ñîâìåñòíî ñ Ñîþçîì îõðàíû ïòèö
Ðîññèè ÍÈÎÊÐ ïî òåìå «Ïòèöû è ËÝÏ» (îáåñïå÷åíèå
îðíèòîëîãè÷åñêîé áåçîïàñíîñòè íà ýëåêòðîóñòàíîâêàõ),
ïðåäóñìîòðåâ ðàçðàáîòêó ïòèöåáåçîïàñíûõ êîíñòðóêöèé
ýëåêòðîòåõíè÷åñêîãî îáîðóäîâàíèÿ äëÿ ËÝÏ
ñðåäíåé ìîùíîñòè ñ íåèçîëèðîâàííûì ïðîâîäîì (â ò.÷.
òðàâåðñ, ðàçúåäèíèòåëåé, ìóôò, ââîäîâ â ÊÒÏ è äð.).
(migration routes), breeding grounds of rare bird species,
protected areas or IBAs;
- not limit the list of dangerous constructions of power
lines to a particular voltage (and not exclude power
lines of voltage 0.4 kV–6.0 kV known to be dangerous
for birds in that cases when poles, crossarms, insulators
and wires in their construction are similar to dangerous
middle voltage power lines);
6) to facilitate exchange of information and experience
to use the modern tools and technologies for providing
bird safety on power lines and other electrical
facilities;
7) to seek mandatory inclusion of ornithological expertise
in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
for new power lines projected, which should be based
on a four-time study (covering the periods of seasonal
migrations, breeding, wintering), with preliminary recommendations
for the location of the poles, the orientation
of lines and carrying out the mitigation actions,
as well as the use of devices that attract or distract birds
(artificial nests, perches, etc.);
8) preparing new editions of national and regional Red
Data Books to include appropriate guidance in them
about necessity of mitigation actions on dangerous
power lines, located in habitats of the species listed in
Red Data Books, which use electric poles as roosting or
nesting sites (bird species threatened by electrocution);
9) to generalize the global experience to prevent
bird electrocution and collision and to publish appropriate
manuals for designers, constructors and owners
of power lines (operating organizations);
10) to store and popularize the best practice, as well
as knowledge in the problem to recognize as a priority:
- studies to estimate the risk of different types of
power lines in different zones and landscapes, especially
in protected areas and IBAs;
- monitoring and survey of bird species threatened
by electrocution, especially species, which numbers are
extremely reduced – the Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis)
and Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug);
11) to state not only the negative impact of power
lines on birds, but also, under certain conditions, their
positive value (such as artificial analogues of woody
vegetation in open landscapes) as nesting or roosting
sites for birds, especially rare species.
Participants also consider as appropriate measures:
1) to address to the Government of the Russian Federation
a proposal for the development and implementation
of a federal target program to prevent mortality
of rare bird species on the middle voltage power lines;
2) to address to the JSC “IRDC Holding” a proposal
implementation of research and development
activities on the problem “Birds and Power Lines”
(to provide bird safety on power lines) in cooperation
with the Russian Bird Conservation Union to
provide the development of bird-friendly design of
constructions of middle voltage power lines with
bared wires (including crossarms, isolating switches,
clutches and others).