Avocado Production in Asia and the Pacific - United Nations in ...

AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN CHINA
Liu Kangde and Zhou Jiannan *
1. INTRODUCTION
China has some 80 years history of avocado introduction and trial planting. Avocado
was first introduced into Taiwan in 1918 and then into Guangdong in 1925. Nowadays,
avocado is reported to be successfully planted on a trial basis in Guangdong, Guangxi,
Hainan, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Guizhou, etc. (Cai, Liu, et al., 1998).
The avocados cultivated in China were generally the progenies of some unselected
poor-quality seedlings of unknown origin. It was not until 1985 that high yielding varieties
of avocado such as Hass were introduced for trial planting by the Guangxi Bureau of State
Farms, etc. Collection, introduction and selection of avocado has been conducted by the
College of Agronomy, South China University of Tropical Agriculture, since 1986 and more
than 80 varieties have been selected. Huang Wenzhen and Liu Kangde established a 33.3 ha
experimental plot of avocado and a nursery in Baisa County, Hainan, in 1989, to determine
commercial cultural techniques (Liu, Zhang, et al., 1993).
2. PRESENT SITUATION OF AVOCADO CULTIVATION
Avocado is grown in Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Fujian,
Zhejiang (Wenzhou city) and Sichuan (Panzhihua city) in China. There has been no sizeable
commercial production up to now due to various reasons. The largest tract of cultivation in
China is the avocado base in Baisa County, Hainan, covering 33.3 ha. Guangxi has the
largest area with scattered avocados. Prof. He Guoqiang, Guangxi Staff University of State
Farms, reported that Guangxi used to grow 133 ha of avocado in more than 50
counties/cities, of which 66 ha were under commercial production; the largest avocado
orchard was in the Shanyu State Farm, covering 20 ha.
Commercial production of avocado is just at the early stage and the planting area is
very limited. No data on avocado is available in the local statistical yearbooks. Avocado sets
flowers after 2-3 years of planting and yields 35-103.5 kg/tree at the age of 7-8 years,
according to the reports of trials in different locations. The total area under avocado
cultivation in China was estimated to be 133 ha in 1998 with a production of around 1,000
tonnes.
Most avocados planted before 1985 were seedlings, and budded and grafted plants of
desired varieties have been used only in the last ten years. To date, China has selected more
than 70 avocado varieties and more than 10 elite lines. Some of the commercial varieties
such as Lula, Pollock, Booth 7, Booth 8, and the local variety ST 3 , have good performance in
Hainan and other provinces. The varieties used in trials, at present, are indicated in Table 1.
* Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China.
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