Avocado Production in Asia and the Pacific - United Nations in ...

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7. POST-HARVEST HANDLING, STORAGE AND MARKETING Avocados do not ripen on the tree, and fruits soften only after they are picked. Fruits need to be picked carefully. They should be harvested at the correct stage of maturity, when they are still hard and have a minimum oil content of 12 per cent. In India, fruits of 250 to 300 grams in size are preferred. Most popular varieties are Hass, Fuerte and Green. Hard, mature fruits are harvested and allowed to ripen during transport and distribution. Up to 14 days transport time is considered satisfactory, though unripe avocados can be stored for up to four weeks if the temperature is kept between 5.5 and 8°C. Presently, there is no organized marketing system for avocado as the production is small and production areas are scattered. 8. POTENTIAL FOR AVOCADO PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT The agro-climatic conditions prevailing in various parts of the country appear to be favourable for bringing more areas under avocado. Presently, plantations are not well organized and they are scattered. Also, quite a good number of improved varieties are now available with higher yield potential. Vegetative propagation techniques have also been standardized. Multiplication of a large number of high-quality nursery plants of selected varieties and their systematic planting, both in tropical southern India and humid semitropical areas of the northeastern region of India, could help to place avocado properly on the fruit map of India. The research support for the crop is still very poor, but the available research information from Tamil Nadu and Sikkim amply demonstrate that size, colour and quality of fruits attained in India are comparable with those of avocado fruits grown elsewhere. Avocado is grown successfully in neighbouring Sri Lanka, where good-quality fruits are harvested during May to August and December to January at different regions. Similar agro-climatic conditions to Sri Lanka are available in the Andamans and Nicobar Islands and in the tropical southern India. With proper varietal selection it should be possible to exploit also the possibility of out-of-season production, thus enhancing the availability of fruits for a longer period during the year. Avocado fruits produced in the country can be marketed without much difficulty, particularly to meet the requirement of the growing tourist industry. The mainland India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are attracting foreign tourists in a large number of places, where avocado could find a good market access. Avocado has also a good export potential. 9. CONSTRAINTS IN AVOCADO PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT One of the important constraints appears to be due to the consumer preference. In the domestic market the avocado may not be liked by the common people due to the nature of its taste and also due to availability of many other tropical fruits throughout the year which are more palatable than avocado. Nevertheless, due to increasing health consciousness among the educated population and the high nutritive value of avocado, it is expected to find its rightful place in the Indian market in due course. The successful introduction of avocado and its wide acceptance among the tribal population of the hilly state of Sikkim indicate that for household nutrition security avocado should be a potential fruit crop in India. 29
10. GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PLANS FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF AVOCADO Presently, there is no definite governmental plan to strengthen research and development of avocado in India. Research centres in Tamil Nadu and in Karnataka are maintaining some germplasm of avocado in their collections. 11. CONCLUSIONS Due to the availability of a large number of fruit crops in India and consumer preference for more palatable fruits of sweet taste, avocado has not caught the imagination of the average Indians. With some governmental support it can be popularized in the country and it can provide much needed household nutrition security to the Indian population. 30
Page 2 and 3: RAP PUBLICATION: 2000/09 AVOCADO PR
Page 4 and 5: TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ii
Page 6 and 7: INTRODUCTORY REMARKS Minas K. Papad
Page 8 and 9: WELCOME ADDRESS Prem Nath * It is a
Page 10 and 11: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN AUSTRALIA Ant
Page 12 and 13: cultivar of the Guatemalan race and
Page 14 and 15: is good practice to cover the one s
Page 16 and 17: Australia. As it migrates into orch
Page 18 and 19: 8. POTENTIAL FOR AVOCADO PRODUCTION
Page 20 and 21: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN CHINA Liu Kan
Page 22 and 23: Spacing The spacing varies with cli
Page 24 and 25: attacking young trees in Hainan. It
Page 26 and 27: 8. POTENTIAL FOR AVOCADO PRODUCTION
Page 28 and 29: will have a great potential market
Page 30 and 31: 2. PRESENT SITUATION OF AVOCADO CUL
Page 32 and 33: 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF ORCHARDS If an
Page 36 and 37: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN INDONESIA Sri
Page 38 and 39: 3. PRODUCTION OF PLANTING MATERIAL
Page 40 and 41: 9. GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PLANS FO
Page 42 and 43: The avocado trees grown are all see
Page 44 and 45: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN THE PHILIPPIN
Page 46 and 47: 227: The fruit is bottlenecked and
Page 48 and 49: Weeding and mulching Mulching of av
Page 50 and 51: Firstly, the avocado can be found g
Page 52 and 53: Table 2. Research Projects/Studies
Page 54 and 55: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN SRI LANKA Mos
Page 56 and 57: 3. PRODUCTION OF PLANTING MATERIAL
Page 58 and 59: compost and cattle manure is the we
Page 60 and 61: 9. CONSTRAINTS IN AVOCADO PRODUCTIO
Page 62 and 63: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN THAILAND Chal
Page 64 and 65: 4.3 Planting Planting is carried ou
Page 66 and 67: Table 1. Fruit Characteristics of S
Page 68 and 69: Royal Project Foundation helps avoc
Page 70 and 71: AVOCADO PRODUCTION IN VIETNAM Nguye
Page 72 and 73: Though avocado was introduced into
Page 74 and 75: Table 3. Rate of Fertilizer Use in
Page 76 and 77: without grading. To avoid partly th

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