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150 生物多样性 Biodiversity Science 第 19 卷 pp. 118–150. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese) Qiu XZ ( 邱学忠 ) (1998) Study on the Forest Ecosystem in Ailao Mountains, Yunnan, China ( 哀牢山森林生态系统研究 ), pp. 12–27. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese) Sun RY ( 孙儒泳 ), Li QF ( 李庆芬 ), Niu CJ ( 牛翠娟 ), Lou AR ( 娄安如 ) (2002) Basic Ecology ( 基础生态学 ), pp. 140–143. Higher Education Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) Tang MP ( 汤孟平 ), Zhou GM ( 周国模 ), Shi YJ ( 施拥军 ), Chen YG ( 陈永刚 ), Wu YQ ( 吴亚琪 ), Zhao MS ( 赵明水 ) (2006) Study of dominant plant populations and their spatial patterns in evergreen broadleaved forest in Tianmu Mountain, China. Journal of Plant Ecology ( 植物生态学报 ), 30, 743–752. (in Chinese with English abstract) Wu ZY ( 吴征镒 ) (1980) Vegetation of China ( 中国植被 ), pp. 306–356. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) Wu ZY ( 吴征镒 ), Zhou ZK ( 周浙昆 ), Sun H ( 孙航 ), Li DZ ( 李德铢 ), Peng H ( 彭华 ) (2006) The Areal-Types of Seed Plants and Their Origin and Differentiation ( 种子植物分布区类型及其起源和分化 ), pp. 146–451. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese) Yan WH ( 颜文洪 ), Hu YJ ( 胡玉佳 ) (2004) Minimum sampling area and species diversity of coastal Vatica hainanensis forest in Shimei Bay, Hainan Island. Biodiversity Science ( 生物多样性 ), 12, 245–251. (in Chinese with English abstract) Ye WH ( 叶万辉 ), Cao HL ( 曹洪麟 ), Huang ZL ( 黄忠良 ), Lian JY ( 练琚愉 ), Wang ZG ( 王志高 ), Li L ( 李林 ), Wei SG ( 魏识广 ), Wang ZM ( 王章明 ) (2008) Community structure of a 20 hm 2 lower subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest plot in Dinghushan, China. Journal of Plant Ecology ( 植物生态学报 ), 32, 274–286. (in Chinese with English abstract) You CX ( 游承侠 ) (1983) Classification of vegetation in Xujiaba region in Ailao Mts. In: Research of Forest Ecosystem on Ailao Mountains, Yunnan ( 云南哀牢山森林生态系统研究 ) (ed. Wu ZY ( 吴征镒 )), pp. 74–117. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese) Young SS, Carpenter C, Wang ZJ (1992) A study of the structure and composition of an old growth and secondary broad-leaved forest in the Ailao Mountains of Yunnan, China. Mountain Research and Development, 12, 269–284. Young SS, Herwitz SR (1995) Floristic diversity and co-occurrences in a subtropical broad-leaved forest and two contrasting regrowth stands in central-west Yunnan Province, China. Vegetatio, 119, 1–13. Young SS, Wang ZJ (1989) Comparison of secondary and primary forest in the Ailao Shan region of Yunnan, China. Forest Ecology and Management, 28, 281–300. Zhu Y ( 祝燕 ), Zhao GF ( 赵谷风 ), Zhang LW ( 张俪文 ), Shen GC ( 沈国春 ), Mi XC ( 米湘成 ), Ren HB ( 任海保 ), Yu MJ ( 于明坚 ), Chen JH ( 陈建华 ), Chen SW ( 陈声文 ), Fang T ( 方腾 ), Ma KP ( 马克平 ) (2008) Community composition and structure of Gutianshan forest dynamic plot in a mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, East China. Journal of Plant Ecology ( 植物生态学报 ), 32, 262–273. (in Chinese with English abstract) Zhu Y, Mi XC, Ren HB, Ma KP (2010) Density dependence is prevalent in a heterogeneous subtropical forest. Oikos, 119, 109–119. ( 责任编委 : 王希华责任编辑 : 时意专 )
生物多样性 2011, 19 (2): 151–157 Biodiversity Science Doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07010 http: //www.biodiversity-science.net 哀牢山常绿阔叶林乔木树种的幼苗组成及时空分布特征 1,2 巩合德 1 杨国平 1 鲁志云 1 刘玉洪 1* 曹敏 1 ( 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 , 热带森林生态学重点实验室 , 云南勐腊 666303) 2 ( 中国科学院研究生院 , 北京 100049) 摘要 : 哀牢山自然保护区的常绿阔叶林面积达到 504 km 2 , 是我国亚热带常绿阔叶林保存面积最大的保护区之一。 2008 年 , 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园在哀牢山自然保护区的中山湿性常绿阔叶林核心区建立了一块 6 ha 的森林动态监测样地。为了了解哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林树种幼苗组成和分布特征及其存活和死亡的规律 , 对样地中的幼苗分别进行了定位监测和动态研究。结果表明 , 重要值居前 10 位的林下幼苗中 , 有 5 种是重要值居前 10 位的树种。从雨季末期到旱季末期 , 幼苗的数量和种类都大量减少 , 原因可能是由于干旱胁迫的影响。在林窗中央和林窗边缘 , 新增的幼苗数量和种类都较多 , 死亡率较低 , 而林冠下新增的幼苗死亡率较高。可见 , 林窗的出现可能更有利于某些树种幼苗的定居 , 从而维持了森林树种的多样性。关键词 : 干旱胁迫 , 林窗 , 存活 , 更新 Composition and spatio-temporal distribution of tree seedlings in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Ailao Mountains, Yunnan Hede Gong 1,2 , Guoping Yang 1 , Zhiyun Lu 1 , Yuhong Liu 1 , Min Cao 1* 1 Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303 2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 Abstract: Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve covers 504 km 2 and is one of the largest tracts of evergreen broad-leaved forests in China. A 6-ha plot was established in the reserve in 2008 by Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for the purpose of monitoring long-term dynamics of the forest. Tree seedlings were sampled in this plot to understand their composition and spatio-temporal distribution. Five of the top 10 seedling species in terms of importance values were the same as 5 of the top 10 adult tree species with the highest importance values. Both abundance and species richness of tree seedlings dropped between the end of the rainy season and the end of dry season, likely due to drought stress. Seedlings in canopy gaps were richer in species, more abundant in terms of density, and experienced lower mortality compared with those under the forest canopy, suggesting that forest gaps facilitate the recruitment of seedlings in the forest. Key words: drought stress, forest gap, survival, regeneration 在森林中 , 一些树种的幼苗个体以幼苗库的形式长期存在于林下荫蔽的环境中 , 等待森林冠层林窗出现后才能获得成功更新的机会 (Uhl et al., 1988; Webb, 1989)。因此 , 林窗的出现对于树种幼苗的定居以及森林更新有着重要的意义 (Popma et al., 1988)。闫兴富和曹敏 (2008) 对西双版纳热带雨林的 —————————————————— 收稿日期 : 2011-01-16; 接受日期 : 2011-03-20 基金项目 : 中国科学院创新项目 “ 哀牢山亚热带森林生态系统研究站强化建设项目 ” 和云南省科技计划项目 (2010CD111) * 通讯作者 Author for correspondence. E-mail: caom@xtbg.ac.cn
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第 2 期张磊等 : 古田山
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第 2 期李亮等 : 东灵山
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第 2 期祝燕等 : 北京暖
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湖南八大公山国家级
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