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Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa No. 01/2012

Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa No. 01/2012

Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa No. 01/2012

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Fig. 13. Macrostructure of T-shaped joint, made of 2.0mm<br />

-thick steel H389 LAD Z140; joint welded with 0.5 mm<br />

gap; etchant: Adler, magnification x5<br />

Summary<br />

Conducted technological tests of the welding<br />

of thin plates made of unalloyed and low-alloy<br />

steels of increased strength and protected with<br />

various zinc-based coatings revealed that the<br />

application of variable polarity current makes<br />

it possible to build up joints characterised by<br />

good quality and aesthetics. A process of welding<br />

with variable polarity current is less stable<br />

than traditional MAG welding and emits specific<br />

sounds, yet joints welded in such a process<br />

are characterised by good quality and tend to<br />

be free from spatters.<br />

The basic process variables having the greatest<br />

impact on the course of the process as well<br />

as on the weldability, quality, and aesthetics of<br />

joints are the technological parameters (filler<br />

wire feeding rate, welding rate, torch inclination<br />

angle and arc length) and EN ratio in the<br />

course of welding current. A change of EN ratio<br />

significantly affects arc voltage and the amount<br />

of heat supplied to a joint. Research results revealed<br />

that the best results are achieved with<br />

neutral settings of the parameter. An increase<br />

in EN ratio reduces the penetration depth<br />

and bridging ability of an arc. If one needs to<br />

weld thin plates and avoid, as much as possible,<br />

damage to the zinc coating, a higher EN<br />

ratio should be applied in the course of current.<br />

The application of high EN ratio in the course<br />

of current also makes it possible to weld inaccurately<br />

matched joints. A decreased EN ratio<br />

increases heat input of the process and reduces<br />

the depth of penetration. T-shaped joints and<br />

thicker elements require a higher EN ratio in<br />

the course of current. The most convenient solution<br />

consists in applying a neutral EN ratio,<br />

as such an approach enables obtaining good<br />

quality welds and sufficient penetration depth.<br />

References<br />

1. Matusiak J., Pfeifer T., Wyciślik J., Kiszka<br />

A.: Analiza wpływu warunków technologicznych<br />

innowacyjnych technik spajania<br />

różnych materiałów konstrukcyjnych z nowoczesnymi<br />

powłokami ochronnymi na stan środowiska<br />

pracy. Praca badawcza <strong>Instytutu</strong> <strong>Spawalnictwa</strong><br />

nr Ma-34, Gliwice 2<strong>01</strong>1 r.<br />

2. PN-EN ISO 14341:2<strong>01</strong>1 „Materiały dodatkowe<br />

do spawania. Druty elektrodowe i stopiwo<br />

do spawania łukowego elektrodą metalową<br />

w osłonie gazu stali niestopowych<br />

i drobnoziarnistych. Klasyfikacja”<br />

3. PN-EN ISO 14175:2009 „Materiały dodatkowe<br />

do spawania. Gazy i mieszaniny gazów<br />

do spawania i procesów pokrewnych”<br />

4. PN-EN 10346:2<strong>01</strong>1 „Wyroby płaskie<br />

stalowe powlekane ogniowo w sposób ciągły.<br />

Warunki techniczne dostawy”<br />

5. PN-EN 1<strong>01</strong>52:2<strong>01</strong>1 „Wyroby płaskie<br />

stalowe walcowane na zimno ocynkowane<br />

elektrolitycznie do obróbki plastycznej na<br />

zimno. Warunki techniczne dostawy”<br />

6. Szubert L., Skoczewski P, Welcel M.:<br />

System rejestracji parametrów elektrycznych<br />

procesu spawania dla wielu stanowisk produkcyjnych.<br />

Praca badawcza <strong>Instytutu</strong> <strong>Spawalnictwa</strong><br />

nr Fc-89, Gliwice 2<strong>01</strong>0 r.<br />

7. Jaskólski K.: Robotyzacja OTC z wykorzystaniem<br />

niskoenergetycznych metod spawania.<br />

Materiały firmy SAP, 2<strong>01</strong>0<br />

8. PN-EN ISO 5817:2009 „Spawanie. Złącza<br />

spawane ze stali, niklu, tytanu i ich stopów<br />

(z wyjątkiem spawanych wiązką). Poziomy<br />

jakości według niezgodności spawalniczych”<br />

NR <strong>01</strong>/2<strong>01</strong>2<br />

BIULETYN INSTYTUTU SPAWALNICTWA<br />

39

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