Technical Manual on Utilization of Sympodial Bamboos - ITTO

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Chapter 3 Traditional Processing and Its Products 25 smoothen the nail heads and tails to complete the joining (Figure 3. 34) . Figure 3.34 Straight Joining Figure 3. 3S Bent Joining Use the same way to join the bent culm. The only difference is to bend the distal culm accordingly (Figure 3. 35 ). If two heads are not similar in diameter, the larger diameter culm should be considered fIrst. Cut and smooth the other half of distal culm in order to be tightly stuck in smaller-diameter culm after the fIrst half has been tightly stuck. After tightly combining both interfaces, cut and mend larger diameter culm to make both culms in similar diameter. Polish to complete the joining. When big differences in size happen between joined head and tail, means of " enclosure joints" which will be introduced in the next section can be applied. Bamboo nails are widely used to intensify in producing paratactic culms and joints. Dry bamboo culms with thick walls are popular in making bamboo nails. Dry bamboo has less shrinking performance, and even performs better after the culm is out of water. It is convenient to make bamboo nails. Nails are about lOcm long and their width is about to be the same as their corresponding culm walls'. The bottom part of nails should be pared into a cone. Different parts of bamboo furniture require different types of nails. The larger diameter nails are needed in the parts where loading capacity is required and smaller-diameter nails are for decorative parts. 3.3.3 Wrapping Tenon and Infixing Tenon Bamboo furniture mainly consists of "skeleton bamboo culms" and "bamboo liners". Skeleton culms, generally long, function in making the whole framework. Bamboo liners, generally short and slender, function in supporting and strengthening skeleton culms and bamboo strip boards. The assembling of bamboo furniture lies on "tenons". Tenon for skeleton culms are "wrapping tenon". Tenon for liners are "infIxing tenon". 3.3.3. 1 Wrapping tenon Tenons for wrapping and fixing skeleton culms are wrapping tenons, which are extremely important to the furniture structure. "Tenoning at the peristome" , "enclosure bamboo culm" and "enclosure joints" are often seen.
26 Part I Processing and Utilization of Sympodial Bamboos a. Tenoning at the peristome The making contains three steps. First, I make the peristome for wrapping tenon. I ,. Cut two vertical peristomes on one side of a culm by using a handsaw. The distance between two peristomes should be ~.-.-- EJ#d determined by culms' perimeters and the Figure 3.36 Tenoning at the Peristome total number of them. The depth of a peristome can be slightly longer than the semi-diameter of culms but must be within 3/5 of diameter. Cut the wall between two peristomes by using a strip knife. Second, cut an arched peristome. Cut the two right angles from square into arc by u sing a sharp knife and smoothen the interface. Third, in order to make the tenon tightly wrap and stick to skeleton culms, pare the yellow facet of the peristomes' bottom thin and remain the green facet. The remaining facet should be proper in thickness. Compactness can be affected if too thick while fastness can be reduced if too slender. Thickness is proper within O. 2-0. 5cm. Peristomes must be smooth and even in thickness and width. Wrapping can be unstable if too wide while fastness will be reduced if too narrow. Generally their width is identical to the diameter of the peristome culms (Figure 3.36). To avoid the facet's breaking when bending cut-out peristome, the inner part of the facet must be heated. Two approaches are a vailable. One is to put the green facet and the yellow facet of the peristome on fIre in turn and move back and forth, bend it when intenerated. Be aware not to overheat, or the fastness may be affected. The other is to heat the facet with boiling water and then to bend. Two more points must be noticed when making peristomes: (1) Peristomes can only be made on internodes, but never on nodes. The fastness of peristomes is easily affected since the arrangement of nodes' fIbers is in disorder. (2) One culm should control at least two cut-out peristomes which can only be one the same side of the culm. b. Enclosure bamboo culm "Enclosure bamboo culm" is a culm with set length that is enclosed with at least three skeleton bamboo culms by means of cut-out peristome tenoning and then reinforced together. Enclosure bamboo culm, by which each main skeleton culm is tightly tenoned and most bamboo strip boards are fastened, plays a very important role in structuring bamboo furniture. Even the liners supporting boards are assembled on enclosure bamboo culms. Therefore, the making and processing of enclosure bamboo culms is
Page 1 and 2: Technical
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Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS PREFACE PART I PROCESSING
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Page 10 and 11: Contents 5 6.4.2 By Size ..........
Page 12 and 13: Contents 7 9.4.3 Introduction to Fr
Page 14: PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION OF SYMPO
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CHAPTER 5 Production Technologies,
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CHAPTER 6 Utilization of Bamboo Sho
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Chapter 7 Bamboo Shoot Food 151 @ D
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Riferences 187 Wang Hongfeng, Chen
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