GNS Science Consultancy Report 2006/0XX

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CONTENTS ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................................iii KEYWORDS ...........................................................................................................................................iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Geothermal Resources in New Zealand ....................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives of Study........................................................................................................ 2 2.0 ABANDONED OIL AND GAS WELLS IN OTHER COUNTRIES ..............................................4 3.0 ABANDONED OIL AND GAS WELLS IN NEW ZEALAND ......................................................4 3.1 Distribution and Dates of Completion............................................................................ 4 3.2 Well Depths and Estimated Bottom hole Temperatures ............................................... 7 3.3 Reasons for abandoning wells .................................................................................... 14 4.0 HARNESSING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY FROM ABANDONED HYDROCARBON WELLS14 4.1 Geothermal Potential Projections................................................................................ 14 4.2 Sedimentary basins and other areas outside the Taupo Volcanic Zone..................... 16 5.0 CURRENT GEOTHERMAL USE OF ABANDONED HYDROCARBON WELLS....................18 6.0 INITIAL STEPS FOR USE OF WELLS ....................................................................................20 7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK ........................................................................23 8.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ...........................................................................................24 9.0 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...........................................................................................................25 10.0 REFERENCES ..........................................................................................................................25 FIGURES Figure 1 Figure 2 Temperature, depth and permeability ranges of conventional and unconventional sources of geothermal energy in New Zealand.................................................................2 Distribution of conventional and unconventional geothermal resources in New Zealand..............................................................................................................................3 Figure 3 Distribution of offshore and onshore abandoned wells in various hydrocarbon basins. ...5 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Number of offshore and onshore abandoned wells in hydrocarbon basins and nonbasins of New Zealand. .....................................................................................................5 Map showing the distribution of abandoned oil and gas wells with date of drilling completion and the general location of sedimentary basins..............................................6 Drilled vertical depths of abandoned onshore hydrocarbon wells.....................................8 Figure 7 Estimated bottom hole temperatures in abandoned onshore hydrocarbon wells. ............9 Figure 8 Temperature ranges of abandoned oil and gas wells .....................................................13 Figure 9 Depth vs estimated bottom hole temperatures of offshore and onshore abandoned hydrocarbon wells and possible geothermal uses...........................................................14 Figure 10 Depth vs formation pressure in Taranaki wells ...............................................................17 Figure 11 Possible geothermal uses of abandoned hydrocarbon wells. .........................................15 Figure 12 Figure 13 Map showing areas where temperatures >120 o C could be intersected at >3200m........17 Direct heat use of 29 o C waters from well Bonithon-1, New Plymouth.............................18 Figure 14 A. Bonithon-1 in New Plymouth B. Kotuku borehole forming a pseudo-warm spring. ...18 GNS Science Report 2007/23 i
Figure 15 Figure 16 Distribution of abandoned onshore hydrocarbon wells in Taranaki showing (A) vertical depths and (B) estimated bottomhole temperatures with roads and population centres. ............................................................................................................................21 Abandoned hydrocarbon wells in Taranaki (squares) that may be converted for geothermal use.. ..............................................................................................................22 TABLES Table 1 Number of wells within a range of temperatures .............................................................15 Table 2 Potential energy from wells .............................................................................................16 Table 3 Potential energy from drilling new wells in high heat flow regions ..................................22 Table 4 Proposed wells for a 0.5 to 1 MWe pilot geothermal plant in Taranaki ...........................23 Table 5 Main points of presentations during the Oil and Gas conference held in March 2006....29 Table 6 Basic well data.................................................................................................................32 APPENDICES Appendix 1 Notes on the Geothermal Energy Generation in Oil and Gas Settings Conference .......27 Appendix 2 Abandoned onshore hydrocarbon wells in New Zealand................................................31 GNS Science Report 2007/23 ii
Page 2 and 3: Abandoned oil and gas wells - a rec
Page 6 and 7: ABSTRACT There are 349 abandoned on
Page 8 and 9: Figure 1. Temperature, depth and pe
Page 10 and 11: 2.0 ABANDONED OIL AND GAS WELLS IN
Page 12 and 13: Figure 5. Map showing the distribut
Page 14 and 15: Figure 6. Drilled vertical depths o
Page 16 and 17: Figure 8. Temperatures ranges of on
Page 18 and 19: Table 1. Number of wells within a r
Page 20 and 21: 3.3 REASONS FOR ABANDONING WELLS Mo
Page 22 and 23: Assuming a flow of 4 L s -1 , the 2
Page 24 and 25: 5.0 CURRENT GEOTHERMAL USE OF ABAND
Page 26 and 27: In New Zealand temperature may be p
Page 28 and 29: Figure 16. Abandoned hydrocarbon we
Page 30 and 31: 10. Determine how geothermal produc
Page 32 and 33: Isaac M J, Herzer R H, Brook F J an
Page 34 and 35: APPENDIX 1 NOTES ON THE GEOTHERMAL
Page 36 and 37: Speaker Company/Agency Topic Main P
Page 38 and 39: Table 6. Basic well data for onshor
Page 40 and 41: Well Name NORTH ISLAND TARANAKI Dat
Page 42 and 43: Well Name SOUTH ISLAND WEST COAST D

GNS Science Consultancy Report 2006/0XX

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