Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications – an ... - Unido

RENEWABLE ENERGY IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Figure 1
Renewables potential in industry by 2050 - final energy and feedstocks.
UNIDO analysis.
240
Renewables in industry - GEA scenario M
including feedstocks
220
200
180
160
140
EJ
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2007 2050
Total non renewable Biomass process heat Biofeedstocks Solar thermal Heat Pumps
Currently around one third of the final energy
consumption of the pulp and paper sector comes
from biomass and waste, with a maximum of
82% achieved in Brazil. Wood and agricultural
straw are an important feedstock for pulp
making. Around 37% of the final energy used by
the wood processing industry also comes from
biomass residues, with a maximum of 81% in
France. Biomass is also an important resource for
synthetic organic products such as fibers,
detergents, lubricants and solvents. About 10% of
all feedstock for synthetic organic products is of
natural organic origin. This includes cellulose
from wood and natural oil for alcohols (polyols)
and other chemical feedstocks.
Charcoal is still used for iron making on an
industrial scale in Brazil. ArcelorMittal
Bioenergetica produces charcoal from eucalyptus
forestry operations. This charcoal is used to fuel
iron furnaces in Juiz de Fora or exchanged for pig
iron with local producers.
The cement sector has the capability to use
almost any waste products with residual energy
content including the combustible fraction of
municipal solid wastes, discarded tyres, waste
oils, plastic wastes, paper residues and other low
grade biomass wastes locally available. Although
interest in using such wastes is growing, these
resources account for only 5% of the cement
industry's fuel needs in developing countries,
compared to an average of 16% in OECD
countries. For this analysis, only the renewable
fraction of waste is taken into account in the
calculation of the renewable energy potential.
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