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SINGAPORE<br />

cultural diffusion with its unique combination of these<br />

ethnic groups, and this has given Singapore a rich<br />

mixture of diversity for its young age. One of the prime<br />

examples is in Singaporean cuisine, often a cultural<br />

attraction for tourists.<br />

The English used is primarily British English, with some<br />

American English influences. The local colloquial dialect<br />

of English is Singlish, which has many creole-like<br />

characteristics, having incorporated vocabulary and<br />

grammar from various Chinese dialects, Malay, and<br />

Indian languages.<br />

Singapore has several ethnic neighbourhoods, including<br />

Little India and Chinatown. These were formed under the<br />

Raffles Plan to originally segregate the immigrants, but<br />

now have a diverse patronage whose main intentions are<br />

to either eat or buy something specific to that culture.<br />

Many places of worship were also constructed during the<br />

colonial era, a practice encouraged by the British to<br />

promote religious tolerance. Sri Mariamman Temple, the<br />

Masjid Jamae Mosque and the Church of Gregory the<br />

Illuminator are among those that were built during the<br />

colonial period. Work is now underway to preserve these<br />

religious sites as National Monuments of Singapore. The<br />

policy for the primarily commercial ethnic<br />

neighbourhoods stands in contrast to the housing<br />

policies of the Housing and Development Board (HDB).<br />

HDB policies attempt to promote a mix of all races within<br />

each housing district in order to foster social cohesion<br />

and national loyalty.<br />

Cuisine<br />

Singaporean cuisine is also a prime example of diversity<br />

and cultural diffusion in Singapore. In Singapore's<br />

hawker centres, for example, traditionally Malay hawker<br />

stalls selling halal food may serve<br />

halal versions of traditionally Tamil<br />

food. Chinese stalls may introduce<br />

Malay ingredients, cooking<br />

techniques or entire dishes into<br />

their range of catering. This<br />

continues to make the cuisine of<br />

Singapore significantly rich and a<br />

cultural attraction.<br />

leaf and with sambal (chilli).<br />

Performing arts<br />

Singapore is emerging as a cultural centre for arts and<br />

culture, including theatre and music. As a cosmopolitan<br />

and multi-racial society, Singapore is often identified with<br />

the "gateway between the East and West". In the past<br />

decade, there is an emergence of several performing arts<br />

groups in Singapore, especially in theatrical arts. A<br />

number of productions were staged successfully and<br />

several groups, such as TheatreWorks, have performed in<br />

overseas.<br />

The Singapore government encourages a productoriented<br />

arts scene within its master plan to include arts as<br />

a commodity for its economy, true explorations and<br />

innovation exist but at a level that is not well funded.<br />

Singapore hosts an annual Singapore Arts Festival when<br />

international and local artists gather in the country to<br />

perform in a wide variety of events including music,<br />

dance and theatre. The Singapore Arts Festival has<br />

become an event for Singapore to showcase its ability to<br />

buy international renowned performing arts products.<br />

In 2003, the Esplanade - "Theatres on the Bay", a centre<br />

for performing arts, was opened. The Esplanade is also<br />

known as "The Durian", due to its resemblance to the fruit.<br />

Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts (NAFA) and LASALLE<br />

College of the Arts are the two main arts institutions<br />

offering full-time programmes for the performing arts in<br />

Singapore. Institutions including government schools<br />

nowadays receive good funding for their arts<br />

programmes.<br />

Movies<br />

Two important pioneers in local film-making are Eric<br />

Khoo and Jack Neo, both of whom<br />

produced several popular movies<br />

depicting unique cultural and<br />

social aspects of the country,<br />

especially concerning the lives of<br />

Singapore heartlanders. In<br />

particular, the movie I Not Stupid<br />

struck an emotional chord among<br />

Favorite local food include:<br />

many Singaporeans as its story<br />

highlighted many of the issues they<br />

Bak kut the, Char kway teow,<br />

face in an increasingly competitive<br />

Hainanese chicken rice, Hokkien<br />

society.<br />

mee, Ketupat, Laksa, Nasi lemak<br />

On 13 December 2003, 10 year<br />

Rojak, Roti prata, Satay.<br />

old Megan Zheng became the first<br />

Singaporeans also enjoy a wide<br />

Singaporean actress to win the<br />

variety of seafood including crabs,<br />

Taipei Film Festival Golden Horse<br />

clams, squid, and oysters. One<br />

Award for Best New Performer (cofavorite<br />

dish is the stingray recipient) with her role in Jack<br />

barbecued and served on banana<br />

Neo's movie Homerun. <br />

OPEN TRADE 54<br />

Oct-Dec 2007

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