Iraq Country Handbook - Europe Link

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Contents (Continued) CULTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Religion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Customs and Courtesies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Greetings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Talking Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Gestures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Dress Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Family and Social Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Friendship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Professional Relarionships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Other Cultural Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 MEDICAL ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Disease Risks to Deployed Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Foodborne or Waterborne Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Vector-borne Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Sexually Transmitted Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Respiratory Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Water Contact Diseases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Animal Contact Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Key Medical Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Chronology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 National Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Key Government Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Local Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 iv
Contents (Continued) Politics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Elections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Suffrage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Parties and Pressure Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Foreign Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Bordering Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Other Countries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ECONOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 ARMED FORCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 National Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Doctrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 National Organization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Key Defense Personnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Force Disposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Uniforms and Insignia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Army . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Personnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Ground Operational Level of War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 The Offense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 The Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Tactics: Division and Below . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Engineers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Combat Service Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Special Operations Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 v
Page 1: Iraq Country Handbook 1. This handb
Page 6 and 7: Contents (Continued) Unconventional
Page 8 and 9: Contents (Continued) Armor-Heavy Ba
Page 11 and 12: KEY FACTS Official Name. Convention
Page 13 and 14: Passport and Visa Requirements Pass
Page 15 and 16: Sanctions regulations prohibit all
Page 17 and 18: The southwest desert region is an e
Page 19 and 20: BAGHDAD o F TEMPERATURE ELEVATION:
Page 21 and 22: tember, the prevailing wind is call
Page 23 and 24: that serve major industrial centers
Page 25 and 26: and Printing, licenses newspapers a
Page 27 and 28: Black Sea GEORGIA ARMENIA AZERBAIJA
Page 29 and 30: important for the Western observer
Page 31 and 32: Relationships Family and Social Int
Page 33 and 34: facts or reinterpret them. Westerne
Page 35 and 36: Disease Risks to Deployed Personnel
Page 37 and 38: Saddam Husayn Cardiac Center Commen
Page 39 and 40: The Ba’ath Party came to power in
Page 41 and 42: Iraq-Syria-Lebanon Pipeline (Closed
Page 43 and 44: to Amadiya. This area had been patr
Page 45 and 46: Hussein’s power structure. Hussei
Page 47 and 48: of sanctions. Russia’s diplomatic
Page 49 and 50: material in January 2000. The IAEA
Page 51 and 52: In January 2002, President Bush sta
Page 53 and 54: 27 Aug 92 “No-fly zone” imposed
Page 55 and 56:
12 Nov 97 UNSC voted unanimously to
Page 57 and 58:
emains the RCC. A two-thirds majori
Page 59 and 60:
have specialized jurisdictions outs
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TURKEY Dahuk SYRIA Euphrates Mosul
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Ali Hasan al-Majid Mizban Khudr Had
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Bordering Countries Jordan. Jordan
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Turkey. Iraq and Turkey have had tr
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the Saudis remain strongly allied w
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TURKEY Mosul Arbil SYRIA Euphrates
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Exports US$21,800,000,000 (2000 est
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spare parts. Morale and discipline,
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Strategy The RGFC heavy divisions,
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20,000 personnel make up the fronti
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TURKEY Mosul Arbil SYRIA Euphrates
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mon, even in Republican Guards unit
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as to actual numbers of units and e
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■ Approximately 2,000-2,500 assor
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econnaissance unit. Other assessed
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operations, and has integrated them
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■ ■ area to establish blocking
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Iraqi doctrine emphasizes that, reg
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First Forward Combat Team Second Fo
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Recon Detachment Advance Force Dire
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Second Platoon First Platoon T-72 T
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Combat Team in Harbor, Box Formatio
Page 105 and 106:
■ ■ ■ Meeting Engagement (Enc
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Infantry and Infantry Assault Point
Page 109 and 110:
Recon Sections Recon Sections Forwa
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■ If a forward combat team is byp
Page 113 and 114:
The missions of close range reconna
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■ ■ Blocking Units. Tank or mec
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■ ■ Reorganization Phase. Comba
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low the retreating enemy on the nor
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position to provide supporting fire
Page 123 and 124:
During the final assault, tanks sho
Page 125 and 126:
The type of defensive operation wil
Page 127 and 128:
A unit in stationary defense attemp
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tle groups. To execute a deliberate
Page 131 and 132:
could be deployed forward if the di
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Company in Defense Company in Lazy
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to one-third of the battle group’
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attle group may deploy in one echel
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50 m 50 m 125 m 200 m 800 m "Cattle
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meter-range) and the Iraqi-modified
Page 143 and 144:
Special forces brigades subordinate
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VHF (Manuever Co.) Forward Observer
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emplacement method by either towed
Page 149 and 150:
mately straight line on a specific
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2,500 meters from defensive positio
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GHQ to brigade level. GHQ controls
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■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Ensure
Page 157 and 158:
The Iraqi inventory of countermine
Page 159 and 160:
sacks or enhance the effectiveness
Page 161 and 162:
Iraqi Landmine Holdings Conventiona
Page 163 and 164:
cal measures of camouflage include
Page 165 and 166:
point and refuel battalion armored
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Iraqi Special Forces are trained to
Page 169 and 170:
near Abadan. The transfer and relea
Page 171 and 172:
Offensive Chemical Warfare (CW) Cap
Page 173 and 174:
Tanks Tanks can produce smokescreen
Page 175 and 176:
Iraq still has a limited aerial rec
Page 177 and 178:
employment of the early warning rad
Page 179 and 180:
the U.S. to conduct strike operatio
Page 181 and 182:
The primary means of air defense su
Page 183 and 184:
ing down the most sophisticated hel
Page 185 and 186:
ole. In a desert environment this t
Page 187 and 188:
weather interceptors, excessive rel
Page 189:
Although Iraq resumed operational a
Page 192 and 193:
9-mm Makarov Maximum Effective Rang
Page 194 and 195:
9-mm FN 35 (Browning Hi Power) Maxi
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Field Stripping the SKS/M59 A-6
Page 198 and 199:
Field Stripping the AK-47/AKM/TABUK
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Rifle Grenade Firing Because of the
Page 202 and 203:
7.62-mm RPK/Al-Quds Maximum Effecti
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7.62-mm PK Maximum Effective Range
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GRENADES, MORTARS, AND MINES RPG-7
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Iraqi Hand Grenades RG-42 Fragmenta
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Other Explosive Ordinance Hazards T
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T-62 Crew 4 Armament 1 x 115-mm 2A2
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Chieftain (Khalid) Crew 3 Armament
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Type 59 Crew 4 Armament 1 x 100-mm
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BMP-1 Crew/Passengers 3 + 8 Type tr
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BMD-1 Crew/Passengers 3 + 7 Type tr
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AML-60/7 Crew 3 Armament 60 mm mort
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BRDM-2 Crew/Passengers 4 Type 4 x 4
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M113A1 Crew/Passengers 2 + 11 Type
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Type 531/Type 63 Crew/Passengers 2
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MT-LB Crew/Passengers 2 + 11. Type
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BTR-50PU Command Vehicle Crew/Passe
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BTR-40 Crew/Passengers 2 + 8 Type 4
Page 236 and 237:
BTR-152 Crew/Passengers 2 + 17 Type
Page 238 and 239:
BTR-60 PU Command Vehicle Crew/Pass
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Panhard M3 Crew/Passengers 2 + 10 C
Page 242 and 243:
M1977 100-mm Crew 8. Maximum Range
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AT-3 SAGGER Type Wire-guided MCLOS
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AT-5 SPANDREL Type Wire-guided SACL
Page 248 and 249:
TOW Ground Tripod Launcher Max Rang
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VCR/TH (HOT) Crew 3 Configuration 4
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D-44 85-mm Divisional Gun Crew 8. M
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M-56 105-mm Mountain Gun Crew 7 Max
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D-30 122-mm Howitzer Crew 7 Maximum
Page 258 and 259:
M46 130-mm Field Gun Crew 8 Maximum
Page 260 and 261:
Type 66 152-mm Howitzer Crew 10 Max
Page 262 and 263:
M114 155-mm Howitzer Crew 11 Maximu
Page 264 and 265:
G5 155-mm Gun-Howitzer Crew 5. Cali
Page 266 and 267:
2S3 152-mm SPH Crew 4 (+2 in ammuni
Page 268 and 269:
M109/M109A1 155-mm SPH Crew 6 Armam
Page 270 and 271:
M43 160-mm Mortar Crew 7 Maximum Ra
Page 272 and 273:
Al-Jaleel 82-mm Mortar Maximum Rang
Page 274 and 275:
Sajeel (Astros II) MRL SS-30 SS-40
Page 276 and 277:
Ababeel 100-m MRL Armament 4 x 100-
Page 278 and 279:
SCUD-B (Al-Hussein) ABOVE: An Al-Hu
Page 280 and 281:
ZPU-4 (Quad) 14.5-mm Crew 5 Maximum
Page 282 and 283:
GDF-001 35-mm Crew 5 Maximum Range
Page 284 and 285:
S-60 57-mm Crew 7 Maximum Range 12,
Page 286 and 287:
ZSU-23-4 23-mm SPAAG Crew 4 Armamen
Page 288 and 289:
SA-7 GRAIL Crew 1 Maximum Range 3,2
Page 290 and 291:
SA-2 GUIDELINE Maximum Range Combat
Page 292 and 293:
SA-6 GAINFUL Type Guidance Maximum
Page 294 and 295:
SA-9 GASKIN Type Guidance Maximum R
Page 296 and 297:
DOG EAR Function EW/acquisition. Ra
Page 298 and 299:
FLAT FACE Function Mobile EW radar.
Page 300 and 301:
SPOON REST Function Mobile EW radar
Page 302 and 303:
AIRCRAFT Mi-6HOOK Type Twin-turbine
Page 304 and 305:
Mi-24D HIND Crew 4 Armament 1 x 4-b
Page 306 and 307:
SA 330 Crew 2. Armament Assorted ro
Page 308 and 309:
BK 117 Crew 2. Armament Assorted ro
Page 310 and 311:
MiG-21/F-7 Crew 1 Armament 1 x twin
Page 312 and 313:
MiG-25 Crew 1 Armament Air to Air m
Page 314 and 315:
SU-24 Crew 2 Armament Assorted Air
Page 316 and 317:
Pilatus PC-7 Crew 2. Armament Assor
Page 318 and 319:
SURFACE SHIPS 1850-Ton FFT Characte
Page 320 and 321:
PB 90 PB Characteristics Armament M
Page 322 and 323:
SWARY 1 PB Characteristics Armament
Page 324 and 325:
SWARY 6 PB Characteristics Newer, f
Page 326 and 327:
NESTIN MSBI Characteristics Yugosla
Page 329 and 330:
APPENDIX B: Organizational Charts S
Page 331 and 332:
Division Headquarters Company Armor
Page 333 and 334:
Infantry Brigade Infantry Battalion
Page 335 and 336:
RGFC Division Headquarters Company
Page 337:
Headquarters and Signal Company Spe
Page 341 and 342:
APPENDIX D: Conversion Charts When
Page 343 and 344:
➞ Temperature To convert Celsius
Page 345:
Travel Distances A M M A N B A G H
Page 349 and 350:
APPENDIX F Language Arabic Language
Page 351 and 352:
Key Phrases (Capital letters indica
Page 353 and 354:
F-5 English Arabic highway taRIQ ho
Page 355 and 356:
English gun handgrenade headquarter
Page 357:
APPENDIX G: International Road Sign
Page 360 and 361:
First-aid post Petrol Garage One wa
Page 362 and 363:
Hazardous snakes, plants, spiders,
Page 364 and 365:
Uniforms correctly treated with per
Page 366 and 367:
Cold Weather If cold weather injuri
Page 368 and 369:
Abdominal Wound ■ Treatment: ❏
Page 370 and 371:
■ Victims who must be moved shoul
Page 372 and 373:
Thermal/Third Degree Symptoms: ■
Page 375 and 376:
APPENDIX J: Individual Protective M
Page 377 and 378:
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Do not
Page 379 and 380:
Foreign Terrorist Threat Terrorism
Page 381 and 382:
■ ■ ■ conceal these and any o
Page 383 and 384:
APPENDIX K: Dangerous Animals and P
Page 385 and 386:
False-horned Viper Description: Adu
Page 387 and 388:
Spiders Although there are several
Page 389 and 390:
Comments: Originally called Jamesto
Page 391 and 392:
Castor Oil Plant Other Name: Castor
Page 393 and 394:
Strychnine Other names: Nuxvomica t
Page 395:
APPENDIX L: International Telephone
Page 398 and 399:
Fast, windblown sand can be extreme
Page 400 and 401:
malfunction by one will rapidly pla
Page 403 and 404:
Notes
Page 405 and 406:
Notes
Page 407 and 408:
Notes
Page 409 and 410:
Notes
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